hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luisa de Medrano
Luisa de Medrano y Bravo de Lagunas y Cienfuegos (Atienza 9 August 1484 – 1527) was a Basque-Castilian poet, philosopher, professor, and scholar from the Kingdom of Castile. By 1508, she is widely believed to have become the first female professor in Europe, teaching Latin at the University of Salamanca. Luisa de Medrano was among the Renaissance women celebrated by their contemporaries as puellae doctae ('learned girls'). The Hall of Cloisters at the Higher Schools of the University of Salamanca is named 'Lucía de Medrano' in her honor, and in 2015, the Castilla-La Mancha Regional Government established the 'Luisa de Medrano' International Award for Gender Equality. On 9 August 2022 Google celebrated Luisa's 538th birthday.

Kingdom of Castile
The Kingdom of Castile (/kæˈstiːl/; Spanish: Reino de Castilla: Latin: Regnum Castellae) was a polity in the Iberian Peninsula during the Middle Ages. It traces its origins to the 9th-century County of Castile (Spanish: Condado de Castilla, Latin: Comitatus Castellae), as an eastern frontier lordship of the Kingdom of León. During the 10th century, the Castilian counts increased their autonomy, but it was not until 1065 that it was separated from the Kingdom of León and became a kingdom in its own right. Between 1072 and 1157, it was again united with León, and after 1230, the union became permanent.

Throughout that period, the Castilian kings made extensive conquests in southern Iberia at the expense of the Islamic principalities. The Kingdoms of Castile and of León, with their southern acquisitions, came to be known collectively as the Crown of Castile, a term that also came to encompass overseas expansion.
Donnie Ecker
Donald Joseph Ecker (born March 9, 1986) is an American professional baseball coach and former infielder who currently serves as the bench coach for the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played college baseball for California State University, Long Beach and Lewis–Clark State College. The Texas Rangers selected Ecker in the 22nd round of the 2007 MLB draft. He has coached in MLB  for the Cincinnati Reds, San Francisco Giants, and the Rangers, with whom he won the 2023 World Series.

2007 Major League Baseball draft
The 2007 Major League Baseball draft, was an annual choosing of high school and college baseball players, held on June 7, 2007 and June 8, 2007. The first day session of the draft included the first 25 rounds and was scheduled to be broadcast "live" from Orlando, Florida on television for the first time, on ESPN2 from 2:00pm to 6:00pm Eastern Daylight Time (1800–2200 UTC). Previously the conference call format draft was broadcast live, along with commentary, on both draft days exclusively from the MLB.com website as streaming audio. In total, the draft featured 50 rounds and 1453 selections.
Jealousy (1942 film)
Jealousy (Italian: Gelosia) is a 1942 Italian drama film directed by Ferdinando Maria Poggioli and starring Luisa Ferida, Roldano Lupi and Ruggero Ruggeri. The film was shot at the Cinecittà Studios in Rome with sets designed by the art director Gastone Simonetti. It belongs to the movies of the calligrafismo style. It is based on the 1901 novel Il Marchese di Roccaverdina by Luigi Capuana, which was later made into a 1953 film Jealousy.

Luisa Ferida
Luisa Ferida, real surname Manfrini (18 March 1914 – 30 April 1945), was an Italian stage and film actress. She was considered a diva in Italian cinema during 1935 to 1945 and  was the highest paid movie star of that period.
Ferida is remembered for her death; immediately after the end of the Italian Civil War, she was executed together with her lover, the actor and member of Decima Flottiglia MAS Osvaldo Valenti, as both were judged guilty of participation in war crimes and torture in connection with so-called Koch gang.
Years later she was deemed uninvolved to the Koch's crimes.
Therefore a war pension was allocated to the mother, who had no other source of income.
Ahmed Baday
Ahmed Ibrahim Baday (born 15 June 1974) is a Moroccan long-distance runner who specialized in the 5000 metres and cross-country running but now competes in road running competitions. He is currently banned for doping.

A main stay of the Moroccan team at the IAAF World Cross Country Championships, he helped his nation to medals in the team race in 1999, 2003 and 2007. In track running, he was the 10,000 metres gold medallist at the 2001 Jeux de la Francophonie and also won bronze at the 2001 Mediterranean Games. He competed for Morocco at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics.

He began running in road competitions in 2008 and his highlights include a half marathon gold medal at the 2009 Mediterranean Games and a win at the Beppu-Ōita Marathon.

Beppu-Ōita Marathon
The Beppu-Ōita Mainichi Marathon (別府大分毎日マラソン, Beppu Ōita Mainichi Marason) is an annual marathon race that takes place every February between the cities of Beppu and Ōita on the island of Kyushu in Japan. The race has IAAF Silver Label Road Race status and is a listed course of AIMS (Association of International Marathons).
Whipping Boy (film)
Whipping Boy is a 1996 Australian TV film shown on Channel Ten. It was based on Gabrielle Lord's novel of the same name, adapted by Peter Yeldham, directed by Di Drewe and starred Sigrid Thornton and Temuera Morrison.

Gabrielle Lord
Gabrielle Craig Lord (born 1946) is an Australian writer who has been described as Australia's first lady of crime. She has published a wide range of writing including reviews, articles, short stories and non-fiction, but she is best known for her psychological thrillers.
Diokno Highway
The Diokno Highway, also known as Ramón Diokno Highway, Payapa Road and formerly as Tagaytay-Junction–Calaca-Lemery Road, is a 20.064-kilometer (12.467 mi), two-lane, secondary road in Batangas that connects the city of Calaca, near its border with Nasugbu and Alfonso, Cavite, and the municipality of Lemery. It connects southern Cavite and Batangas.

The highway is named after Ramón Diokno, a native of Taal, Batangas who served as a representative for Batangas, senator and Supreme Court associate justice.

Cavite
Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Kabite;  Chavacano: Provincia de Cavite; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Cavite), is a province of the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region. Situated in the southern shores of Manila Bay,  it is one of the most industrialized and fastest-growing provinces in the Philippines.

The province holds major historical significance, with most of the Philippine Revolution taking place in several areas of Cavite. The revolution ultimately led to the renouncement Spanish colonial control, culminating in the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898 in the town of Kawit. The old provincial capital, Cavite City, also hosted docks for the Manila galleon, becoming an essential part of commerce between Asia and Latin America at the time.
Matthias Miersch
Matthias Miersch (born 19 December 1968) is a German criminal defense lawyer and politician of the Social Democratic Party (SPD) who has been serving as Member of the Bundestag since the 2005 German federal election, representing the Hannover-Land II district. Since 2025, he has been chairing his party's parliamentary group.

From 2013 to 2025, was a member of the party's executive board under successive chairpersons Sigmar Gabriel (2013–2017), Martin Schulz (2017–2018), Andrea Nahles (2018–2019), Norbert Walter-Borjans (2019–2021), Saskia Esken (2019–2024) and Lars Klingbeil (2021–2024). On 8 October 2024 Miersch was appointed as provisional secretary general of the Social Democratic Party. After the Scholz cabinet collapsed on 7 November 2024, he led the party's campaign for the 2025 German federal election.

Sigmar Gabriel
Sigmar Hartmut Gabriel (born 12 September 1959) is a German politician who was the Federal Minister for Foreign Affairs from 2017 to 2018 and the vice-chancellor of Germany from 2013 to 2018. He was Leader of the Social Democratic Party of Germany (SPD) from 2009 to 2017, which made him the party's longest-serving leader since Willy Brandt. He was the Federal Minister of the Environment from 2005 to 2009 and the Federal Minister for Economic Affairs and Energy from 2013 to 2017. From 1999 to 2003 Gabriel was Minister-President of Lower Saxony.

He represented Salzgitter – Wolfenbüttel in the Bundestag.

Gabriel is a member of the Seeheimer Kreis, an official internal grouping of the party with liberal economic positions.
Gordon v Selico
Gordon v Selico (1986) 18 H.L.R. 219 is an English contract law on the subject of misrepresentation by action. It was held that positive actions - in this case, the concealment of dry rot - could amount to operative misrepresentations.

Dry rot
Dry rot is wood decay caused by one of several species of fungi that digest parts of wood which give it strength and stiffness. It was previously used to describe any decay of cured wood in ships and buildings by a fungus which resulted in a darkly colored deteriorated and cracked condition.

The life-cycle of dry rot can be broken down into four main stages. Dry rot begins as a microscopic spore which, in high enough concentrations, can resemble a fine orange dust. If the spores are subjected to sufficient moisture, they will germinate and begin to grow fine white strands known as hyphae. As the hyphae grow they will eventually form a large mass known as mycelium. The final stage is a fruiting body which pumps new spores out into the surrounding air.

In other fields, the term has been applied to the decay of crop plants by fungi. In health and safety, the term is used to describe the deterioration of rubber, for example the cracking of rubber hoses.
Castles Made of Sand (song)
"Castles Made of Sand" is a song written by Jimi Hendrix and recorded by the Jimi Hendrix Experience for their 1967 second album, Axis: Bold as Love. Produced by manager Chas Chandler, the song is a biographical story about Hendrix's childhood, and was recorded towards the end of the production cycle for Axis: Bold as Love.

Chas Chandler
Bryan James "Chas" Chandler (18 December 1938 – 17 July 1996) was an English musician, record producer and manager, best known as the original bassist in the Animals, for which he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1994. He also managed the band Slade, and Jimi Hendrix, about whom he was regularly interviewed until his death in 1996.
Busy Man
"Busy Man" is a song written by Bob Regan and George Teren, and recorded by American country music artist Billy Ray Cyrus.  It was released in August 1998 as the second single from his album Shot Full of Love.  The song reached a peak of number 3 on the U.S. country singles charts in early 1999, becoming his first Top 10 hit since "Somebody New" in 1993 and his last until "Ready, Set, Don't Go" in 2008.

Somebody New (Billy Ray Cyrus song)
"Somebody New" is a song written by Alex Harvey and Mike Curtis, and recorded by American country music singer, Billy Ray Cyrus. It was released in September of 1993 as the second single from his platinum-selling second album, It Won't Be the Last. The song was the follow-up to "In the Heart of a Woman". "Somebody New" peaked at number 9 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks Chart (now Hot Country Songs) on Saturday, Christmas Day of 1993. It spent 20 weeks on the chart. It peaked at number 14 in Canada.
Áo bà ba
Áo bà ba (Vietnamese: [ʔǎːw ɓâː ɓaː], translates to "Grandma's shirt") is a traditional southern Vietnamese garment. The top part that covers the torso is called the áo ("shirt" in English). It is mostly associated with rural southern Vietnam, especially in the Mekong Delta. Often worn as a top and bottom set, the áo bà ba is typically a long-sleeved, button-down silk shirt with a scooped neck, paired with silk pants. The shirt is long and split at the waist sides, forming two flaps, and customarily features two pockets.

To protect and honor the time-honored traditions of Vietnam, Hau Giang Province held the Áo Bà Ba Festival in 2023.

Áo dài
Áo dài (English: /ˈaʊˈzaɪ/; Vietnamese: [ʔaːw˧˦ zaːj˨˩] (North), [ʔaːw˦˥ jaːj˨˩] (South), lit. “long tunic”) is a traditional Vietnamese outfit consisting of a long split tunic worn over silk trousers. It can serve as formalwear for both men and women.

There are inconsistencies in the term áo dài. The currently most common usage is for a Francized design by Nguyễn Cát Tường (whose shop was named "Le Mur"), which is expressly a women's close-fitting design whose shirt is two pieces of cloth sewn together and fastened with buttons. A more specific term for this design would be "áo dài Le Mur". Other writers, especially those who claim its "traditionality", use áo dài as a general category of garments for both men and women, and include older designs such as áo ngũ thân (five-piece shirt), áo tứ thân (four-piece shirt), áo tấc (loose shirt), áo đối khâm (parallel-flap robe), áo viên lĩnh (round-collar robe), áo giao lĩnh (cross-collar robe), áo trực lĩnh (straight-collar robe).
Rivière de la Somme
The Rivière de la Somme is a watercourse flowing in the municipalities of Saint-Gabriel-de-Valcartier and Shannon, in the La Jacques-Cartier Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, in Canada.

Located in a forest environment, this river is part of the territory of the Duchesnay tourist resort. Forestry has been the dominant economic activity in this sector since XVIIIth. In XIXth the recreational-tourist activities were highlighted.

The river is generally frozen from November to April; however, the period of safe circulation on the ice is usually from mid-December to the end of March. The water level of the river varies with the seasons and the precipitation.

Shannon, Quebec
Shannon is a city in Quebec, Canada, and is along the Jacques-Cartier River northwest of Quebec City.

It was formed in December 1946, when it separated from the territory of Sainte-Catherine-de-Fossambault, following protests of this part of the population against the municipal taxes. The community was founded by Irish immigrants and once contained a substantial English-speaking population though it is today chiefly French-speaking. Its longtime principal economic activity was the exploitation of wood bound for the shipyards of Quebec. The town is located near CFB Valcartier, an important Canadian military base.
Axel Mpoyo
Axel Mpoyo (born January 5, 1997) is a Rwandan basketball player who plays for APR of the Rwanda Basketball League (RBL) and Basketball Africa League (BAL).  He also plays for the Rwanda national team.

APR BBC
Armée Patriotique Rwandaise Basketball Club, commonly known simply as APR, is a Rwandan basketball club based in Kigali. Owned and funded by the Ministry of Defence of Rwanda, the team plays in the Rwanda Basketball League (RBL) and in the Basketball Africa League (BAL) for the 2024 season. Nicknamed the "Lions", the team is the most decorated team in the country, as APR has won a record 16 national championships.
Engirundho Vandhan
Engirundho Vandhan (transl. He came from nowhere) is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language comedy film directed by Santhana Bharathi. The film stars Sathyaraj, Roja and Aamani, with Vijayakumar, Janagaraj, Kalyan Kumar, Vinu Chakravarthy, R. Sundarrajan, Bhanu Chander and Thyagu playing supporting roles. It was released on 15 January 1995. The composer duo Viswanathan–Ramamoorthy collaborated after a 30-year hiatus and it eventually became their last collaboration. The film was a remake of the Malayalam film Chithram (1988).

R. Sundarrajan
R. Sundarrajan is an Indian film director, actor, comedian and writer for Tamil language films. Active primarily in the 1980s and the 1990s as a filmmaker, he appeared more often as an actor thereafter. Sundarajan is known for his silver jubilee films such as Payanangal Mudivathillai (1982), Vaidehi Kathirunthal (1984), Rajadhi Raja (1989) and Thirumathi Palanisamy (1992). He had directed over 25 films in his illustrious career and most of them became profitable ventures in the box office.
Oru Kal Oru Kannadi (soundtrack)
Oru Kal Oru Kannadi is the soundtrack album to the 2012 film of the same name directed by M. Rajesh starring Udhayanidhi Stalin, Santhanam and Hansika Motwani. The film featured five songs composed by Harris Jayaraj with lyrics written by Na. Muthukumar. The soundtrack was distributed by Sony Music India and was released on 5 March 2012 at the Sathyam Cinemas in Chennai, to positive reviews from critics.

Harris Jayaraj
J. Harris Jayaraj (born 8 January 1975) is an Indian composer from Tamil Nadu. He composes soundtracks predominantly for Tamil films, and has also composed for a few films in Telugu. He has also worked on a few Hindi films that were remakes of his Tamil films.

He has been honoured with Kalaimamani Award from the Government of Tamil Nadu and the Life Time Achievement Award from Konijeti Rosaiah, the Governor of Tamil Nadu. Since 2001, he has won 6 Filmfare Awards South and received 20 Filmfare Awards South nominations. He has also won 6 Mirchi Music Awards, 5 Vijay Awards, 4 Tamil Nadu State Film Awards, 3 International Tamil Film Awards and Big FM Awards.  In 2019, he was bestowed with the Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute Honorary Doctorate of Letters for his significant contributions to Tamil cinema music.
Paambhu Sattai
Paambhu Sattai (transl. Snake skin) is a 2017 Indian Tamil-language action thriller film written and directed by debutant Adam Dasan, starring Bobby Simha and Keerthy Suresh. Guru Somasundaram, Bhanu and Charle appear in supporting roles. Produced by actor Manobala, the film has music composed by Ajeesh. After beginning its shoot in 2014, the film released after an extended delay on 24 March 2017. Keerthy Suresh won the Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Actress.

Manobala
Balachandar (8 December 1953 – 3 May 2023), known by his stage name Manobala (/mənoʊbɑːlɑː/), was an Indian actor, film producer, director, comedian, and YouTuber who predominantly played supporting roles in Tamil-language films. He worked predominantly in the film industry for nearly forty years and was notable for his unique body language and dialogue delivery and was also well known for his intonation.
Epsom Downs Branch
The Epsom Downs Branch is a 3-mile-65-chain (6.1 km) railway line in Greater London and Surrey, England. It runs from Sutton to its southern terminus at Epsom Downs, with intermediate stations at Belmont and Banstead. With the exception of the northernmost 39 ch (780 m), the branch is single track. All stations are managed by Southern, which operates all passenger trains. Most services run between Epsom Downs and London Victoria via Selhurst.

The line was primarily built for racegoers attending Epsom Downs Racecourse and was promoted by the Banstead and Epsom Downs Railway. Authorisation was granted by parliament in July 1862 and construction was completed by the London, Brighton and South Coast Railway. The branch opened as a double track line on 22 May 1865. It was electrified by the Southern Railway using the 750 V DC third-rail system in 1928 and the majority of the branch has operated as a single line since 1981.

Volt
The volt (symbol: V), named after Alessandro Volta, is the unit of measurement of electric potential, electric potential difference (voltage), and electromotive force in the International System of Units (SI).
Norsk Radio Relæ Liga
The Norsk Radio Relæ Liga (NRRL) (in English, Norwegian Radio Relay League) is a national non-profit organization for amateur radio enthusiasts in Norway.  Key membership benefits of NRRL include the sponsorship of amateur radio operating awards and radio contests, and a QSL bureau  for those members who regularly communicate with amateur radio operators in other countries.  NRRL publishes a membership magazine called Amatørradio.  NRRL represents the interests of Norwegian amateur radio operators before Norwegian and international telecommunications regulatory authorities.  NRRL is the national member society representing Norway in the International Amateur Radio Union.

International Amateur Radio Union
The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) is an international confederation of national organisations that allows a forum for common matters of concern to amateur radio operators worldwide, and collectively represents matters to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The International Amateur Radio Union was founded in 1925 and, as of July 2021, it is composed of 174 national member societies.
Armored (film)
Armored is a 2009 American heist action thriller film directed by Nimród Antal, written by James V. Simpson, and starring Matt Dillon, Jean Reno, Laurence Fishburne, Amaury Nolasco, Milo Ventimiglia, Skeet Ulrich, and Columbus Short. It was released on December 4, 2009.

Jean Reno
Juan Moreno y Herrera-Jiménez (born 30 July 1948), commonly known as Jean Reno (French: [ʒɑ̃ ʁeno]), is a French and Spanish actor. He established himself as a leading man of French cinema through his collaborations with director Luc Besson, and has worked in numerous international productions. He is a three-time César Award nominee - Best Actor for Les Visiteurs (1993) and Léon: The Professional (1994), and Best Supporting Actor for The Big Blue (1988).

Reno's other notable films include Le Dernier Combat (1983), La Femme Nikita (1990), Mission: Impossible (1996), Ronin (1998), Godzilla (1998), Crimson Rivers (2000), Wasabi (2001), The Pink Panther (2006), The Da Vinci Code (2006), Flushed Away (2006), Hector and the Search for Happiness (2014), The Promise (2016), and Da 5 Bloods (2020).
RAF Holme-on-Spalding Moor
RAF Holme-on-Spalding Moor, or more simply RAF Holme is a former Royal Air Force station located in Holme-on-Spalding-Moor, East Riding of Yorkshire, England.

The site was built during the Second World War, it was used during the war by the Royal Air Force (RAF) as a bomber station, and after the war as a transport airfield and bomb store before being "mothballed".  In the 1950s, the RAF used the station as a training camp before it was transferred to the United States Air Force (USAF) as a reserve station during the Cold War.  After USAF use, it became a testing airfield for Blackburn Aircraft and its successor British Aerospace until 1983, when the airfield was closed.  Many of the airfield buildings survive as an industrial estate, but most of the runways have been demolished.

British Aerospace
British Aerospace plc (BAe) was a British aircraft, munitions and defence-systems manufacturer that was formed in 1977. Its head office was at Warwick House in the Farnborough Aerospace Centre in Farnborough, Hampshire. It purchased Marconi Electronic Systems, the defence electronics and naval shipbuilding subsidiary of the General Electric Company, in 1999 to form BAE Systems.