hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Official Professional Baseball Rules Book
The Official Professional Baseball Rules Book governs all aspects of the game of Major League Baseball beyond what happens on the field of play. There are a number of sources for these rules, but they all ultimately are sanctioned by the Office of the Commissioner of Baseball. Examples of these rules are the Rule 5 draft (so-named for the applicable section of the rule book) and the injured list. 
Other examples include:

the 5/10 Rule whereby players who have been with a club for 5 consecutive years and have been a major league player for 10 years cannot be traded without their consent.

the roster list rules (active and expanded rosters) which also determines who is eligible to play for a team in the playoffs and World Series

tie-breaking rules for deciding which teams go to the playoffs

implementing/enforcing the expanded playing rules issued to umpires which goes into much greater detail than the official baseball rules of play. These rules are described in the Umpire's Manual.

Commissioner of Baseball
The commissioner of baseball is the chief executive officer of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the associated Minor League Baseball (MiLB) – a constellation of leagues and clubs known as "organized baseball". Under the direction of the commissioner, the Office of the Commissioner of Baseball hires and maintains the sport's umpiring crews, and negotiates marketing, labor, and television contracts. The commissioner is chosen by a vote of the owners of the teams. The incumbent MLB commissioner is Rob Manfred, who assumed office on January 25, 2015.
Luo Ruiqing
Luo Ruiqing (simplified Chinese: 罗瑞卿; traditional Chinese: 羅瑞卿; pinyin: Luó Ruìqīng; May 31, 1906 – August 3, 1978), formerly romanized as Lo Jui-ch'ing, was a Chinese army officer and politician, general of the People's Liberation Army. As the first Minister of Public Security from 1949 to 1959, he established the security and police apparatus of the People's Republic of China after the Communist victory in the civil war, and then served as the Chief of the Joint Staff from 1959 to 1965, achieving military victory in the Sino-Indian War.

Despite being a close associate and supporter of Mao Zedong for decades, Luo was targeted, purged, and severely beaten during the Cultural Revolution, which he opposed from the beginning.

Joint Staff Department (China)
The Joint Staff Department of the Central Military Commission (JSDCMC) (Chinese: 中央军委联合参谋部) is the operational command organ of the People's Liberation Army (PLA), superseding the former PLA General Staff Department. It was established on 11 January 2016, under the military reforms of Central Military Commission (CMC) chairman Xi Jinping.

Headquartered in Beijing, the Joint Staff Department (JSD) is under the absolute leadership of the CMC and likely serves as an institutional link between members of the CMC and post-2016 PLA theater commands. According to the JSD, its main duties include carrying out combat support planning and combat command support, studying and formulating military strategy and requirements, organizing combat capability assessment, arranging and instructing joint training; and combat readiness and routine war preparedness work.
Utah Blitzz
Utah Blitzz was an American professional soccer team based in Salt Lake City, Utah. The team played in the USL Pro Select League (later known as the USL Second Division). The club was founded in 2000 but folded following the 2004 season to make way for the Major League Soccer franchise, Real Salt Lake, to begin play in 2005. During its short existence, the club was very successful, winning two league titles in total while finishing first or second in the Western Conference every season. The club played its home games at Rice-Eccles Stadium on the campus of the University of Utah.

Rice–Eccles Stadium
Rice–Eccles Stadium is an outdoor college football stadium located on the campus of the University of Utah in Salt Lake City, Utah. It is the home field of the Utah Utes of the Big 12 Conference. It was built to serve as the stadium for the Opening and Closing ceremonies of 2002 Winter Olympics, a role it is expected to reprise for the 2034 Winter Olympics.

The FieldTurf playing field runs in the traditional north-south configuration at an elevation of 4,637 feet (1,413 m) above sea level, 400 feet (120 m) above downtown Salt Lake City.
Michiel Holtackers
Michiel Pieter Maria Holtackers (born 19 October 1956 in Arnhem) is a former Dutch politician and police officer as well as trade union leader. As a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (Christen-Democratisch Appèl) he was an MP from 30 June 2011 to 19 September 2012, succeeding Gerda Verburg. He focused on matters of spatial planning, water management and Defense personnel.

Holtackers studied at the Police Academy of the Netherlands in Apeldoorn and criminology at the Belgian Catholic University of Leuven. From 1976 to 2011 he worked in the Dutch law enforcement; his last position was that of chief of the department of international police education of the Dutch Police Academy. From 1997 to 2006 he was also chairman of the Dutch association of middle and higher level police officers.

Holtackers is a member of the Roman Catholic Church.

Gerda Verburg
Gerritje "Gerda" Verburg (born 19 August 1957) is a Dutch politician, diplomat of the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) party and trade union leader.

From 2011 until 2016, Verburg served as Permanent Representative of the Kingdom of the Netherlands to the United Nations organizations for Food and Agriculture in Rome (FAO, IFAD and WFP) succeeding former CDA politician Agnes van Ardenne. As a member of the Christian Democratic Appeal (Christen-Democratisch Appèl), she was an MP from 1998 to 2007 and again from 2010 to 2011. She also served as Minister of Agriculture in the fourth Balkenende cabinet from 2007 to 2010. As an MP, she focused on matters of social affairs, the European Union and energy and innovation policy.
Fuifui Moimoi
Fuifui Moana Moimoi (born 26 September 1979) is a rugby league footballer who plays as a prop.

He most notably played for the Parramatta Eels in the National Rugby League (NRL) from 2004 to 2014, in addition to playing for Leigh Centurions in the RFL Championship from 2015 to 2016 and for Toronto Wolfpack in League 1 in 2017, Workington Town and Rochdale Hornets. A New Zealand and Tonga international representative forward, Moimoi made over 200 NRL appearances for Parramatta where he attained cult status among Parramatta fans. In 2018, he briefly played rugby union for Bradford & Bingley RFC.

Toronto Wolfpack
Toronto Wolfpack RLFC was a Canadian professional rugby league club based in Toronto, Ontario. The club was the first and only professional rugby league club in North America, and in 2023 competed in the self sponsored TWP Canada Cup, an invitational league for North American teams organised by Toronto Wolfpack.

The club originally competed in the British rugby league system but withdrew in the 2020 Super League season due to "overwhelming financial challenges" caused by the COVID-19 pandemic.

The club is the first and only North American team to play in the Rugby Football League system, making it the first transatlantic rugby league team.

As of December 2025, the Wolfpack have not played any organized matches since playing in the TWP Canada Cup in 2023.
Atomic Arena
Atomic Arena is a 1988 heavy metal album released by the Christian metal band Barren Cross. The album was produced by John Elefante of Kansas fame and his brother Dino. Its lyrical content deals with social issues such as suicide and abortion, and spiritual issues such as cults and the nature of God.

John Elefante
John Elefante (born March 18, 1958) is an American singer, songwriter, musician, and record producer. From 1981–1984, he was lead vocalist of the rock group Kansas and is currently touring with several groups that have featured members from classic rock bands. His credits include writing and singing lead vocals on three multi-platinum albums. He produced albums that have earned numerous GMA Dove Awards, four Grammy Awards (most recently in 2000), and ten Grammy nominations. He has maintained a close working relationship with his brother, Dino, co-writer of several Kansas songs.
FepA
Many bacteria secrete small iron-binding molecules called siderophores, which bind strongly to ferric ions. FepA is an integral bacterial outer membrane porin protein that belongs to outer membrane receptor  family and provides the active transport of iron bound by the siderophore enterobactin from the extracellular space, into the periplasm of Gram-negative bacteria. FepA has also been shown to transport vitamin B12, and colicins B and D as well. This protein belongs to family of ligand-gated protein channels.

Because no energy is directly available to the outer membrane, the energy to drive the transport of ferric-enterobactin by FepA originates from the proton motive force (electrochemical gradient) generated by the inner membrane complex TonB–ExbB–ExbD. This force is relayed physically to FepA through direct interaction between FepA and TonB.

Periplasm
The periplasm is a concentrated gel-like matrix in the space between the inner cytoplasmic membrane and the bacterial outer membrane called the periplasmic space in Gram-negative (more accurately "diderm") bacteria. Using cryo-electron microscopy it has been found that a much smaller periplasmic space is also present in Gram-positive bacteria (more accurately "monoderm"), between cell wall and the plasma membrane. The periplasm may constitute up to 40% of the total cell volume of gram-negative bacteria, but is a much smaller percentage in gram-positive bacteria.
Robert Tawik
Robert Tawik @ Nordin (born 1 September 1962) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the State Assistant Minister of Works of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor and Ministers Bung Moktar Radin and Shahelmey Yahya since October 2020 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Bingkor since May 2018. He is a member of the Homeland Solidarity Party (STAR), a component party of the GRS coalition.

Shahelmey Yahya
Shahelmey bin Yahya (born 20 February 1973) is a Malaysian politician who has served as the Deputy Chief Minister III and State Minister of Works of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor since January 2023, Member of Parliament (MP) for Putatan since November 2022 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Tanjung Keramat since September 2020. He served as the State Minister of Community Development and People's Wellbeing in GRS administration under Hajiji from October 2020 to his promotion to deputy chief ministership and switch of ministerial portfolio in January 2023. He is a member of the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition.
Jean-Joseph Tranchot
Jean-Joseph Tranchot (January 2, 1752 – April 30, 1815) was a French military cartographer. He is most well known for his topographical survey of the Rhineland under Napoleon, and his assistance in measuring the meridian arc of France with astronomer Pierre Méchain to determine to length of the meter.

Rhineland
The Rhineland (German: Rheinland [ˈʁaɪ̯nˌlant] ⓘ; Dutch: Rijnland; Kölsch: Rhingland; Latin: Rhenania) is a loosely defined area of western Germany along the Rhine, chiefly its middle section, sometimes encompassing parts of Belgium. It is the main industrial heartland of Germany because of its many factories, and it has historic ties to the Holy Roman Empire, Prussia, and the German Empire.
Brian Wilson (Labour politician)
Brian David Henderson Wilson CBE (born 13 December 1948) is a Scottish former Labour Party politician. He was Member of Parliament for Cunninghame North from 1987 until 2005 and served as a minister of state from 1997 to 2003.

After standing down as a minister prior to his departure from Parliament, he was asked by Tony Blair to act as the Prime Minister's Special Representative on Overseas Trade.  Having continued to take an interest in trade promotion, he was appointed to the newly re-established UK Board of Trade in 2017.  He is also chairman of Harris Tweed Hebrides, interim chairman of Celtic Football Club and a visiting professor at the University of Strathclyde.

Cunninghame North (UK Parliament constituency)
Cunninghame North was a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1983 until 2005.  Thereafter, it was largely replaced by North Ayrshire and Arran. It elected one Member of Parliament (MP) using the first-past-the-post voting system.

The Scottish Parliament constituency also called Cunninghame North continues in existence.
Greater Finland
Greater Finland (Finnish: Suur-Suomi; Estonian: Suur-Soome; Swedish: Storfinland) is an irredentist and nationalist idea which aims for the territorial expansion of Finland. It is associated with Pan-Finnicism. The most common concept saw the country as defined by natural borders encompassing the territories inhabited by Finns and Karelians, ranging from the White Sea to Lake Onega and along the Svir River and Neva River—or, more modestly, the Sestra River—to the Gulf of Finland. Some extremist proponents also included the Kola Peninsula, Finnmark, Swedish Meänmaa, Ingria, and Estonia.

The idea of a Greater Finland rapidly gained popularity after Finland became independent in December 1917. The idea has lost support after World War II (1939–1945).

Gulf of Finland
The Gulf of Finland (Estonian: Soome laht; Finnish: Suomenlahti; Russian: Фи́нский зали́в, romanized: Finskiy zaliv; Swedish: Finska viken) is the easternmost arm of the Baltic Sea. It extends between Finland to the north and Estonia to the south, to Saint Petersburg—the second largest city of Russia—to the east, where the river Neva drains into it. Other major cities around the gulf include Helsinki and Tallinn. The eastern parts of the gulf belong to Russia, and some of Russia's most important oil harbors are located there, including Primorsk. As the seaway to Saint Petersburg, the gulf is of considerable strategic importance to Russia. Some of the environmental problems affecting the Baltic Sea are at their most pronounced in the shallow gulf. Proposals for an undersea Helsinki–Tallinn Tunnel through the gulf have been made.
O2 (2020 film)
O2 (also known as Dawn of War in the UK) is a 2020 Estonian-Latvian-Lithuanian-Finnish historical spy thriller film, directed by Margus Paju, starring Sampo Sarkala, Kaspars Znotiņš, Elmo Nüganen, Rein Oja and Tambet Tuisk. The film is about the Estonian intelligence officer Feliks Kangur (played Priit Võigemast) tried to find out a traitor in the secret service in 1939, on the eve of Estonia losing its independence. The film was written by Tom Abrams, Tiit Aleksejev, Eriikka Etholén-Paju and Olle Mirme.

The film was produced by Nafta Films (Estonia) and Taska Film (Estonia), and coproduced by Film Angels Studio (Latvia), IN SCRIPT (Lithuania) and Finland's Solar Films. It was supported by the Estonian Film Institute. The film was released in cinemas in Estonia on 9 October 2020.

Elmo Nüganen
Elmo Nüganen (born 15 February 1962 in Jõhvi) is an Estonian theatre director, film director, and actor. He has been the artistic Director of the Tallinn City Theatre since 1992.

He was a graduate of the Estonian Academy of Music and Theatre in 1988 and then a professor at the academy from 1998–2002 and 2008–2012. He directed the war films Names in Marble from 2002 and 1944 from 2015. Names in Marble was seen by more than 168,000 people in Estonia and was selected for the 2003 Taormina Film Fest, while 1944 had the highest opening-week audience numbers in Estonian film history and became the country's submission for the Academy Awards.

Nüganen has received multiple awards for his work in theatre, including the Estonian Annual Theatre Award for Best Director in 1992, 1995, 2000, 2007, and 2010, and the Estonian National Cultural Award in 1996, 1999, and 2009.
Kelly Gago
Odette Kelly Gago (French: [kɛli ɡaɡo]; born 5 January 1999) is a French professional footballer who plays as a striker for Women's Super League club Everton and the France national team. Gago has previously played for Sampdoria.

Everton F.C. Women
Everton Football Club (/ˈɛvərtən/) is an English women's association football team based in Liverpool, England, that competes in the FA Women's Super League, the top division of English women's football. Formed in 1983 as Hoylake W.F.C., it is now part of Everton and has played home games at Walton Hall Park in Walton since February 2020. As of 2025, they play at Goodison Park, the former home of the Men's Team. The team has won the Premier League National Division once, the Premier League Cup once, and the Women's FA Cup twice.
Rais Galimov
Rais Mustafayevich Galimov (Russian: Раис Мустафаевич Галимов; Tatar: Рәис Мостафа улы Галимов; born 5 October 1946, in Kazan) is a sailor from the Soviet Union. Galimov represented his country at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Kiel. Galimov took 7th place in the Soling with Timir Pinegin as helmsman and Valentin Zamotaykin as fellow crew member.

Timir Pinegin
Timir Alekseevich Pinegin (Russian: Тимир Алексеевич Пинегин; 12 June 1927 – 31 January 2013) was a Russian sailor who competed for the Soviet Union in the 1956 Summer Olympics,  in the 1960 Summer Olympics,  in the 1964 Summer Olympics,  in the 1968 Summer Olympics, and in the 1972 Summer Olympics.

Pinegin was born in Moscow.  In 1956 he finished eighth as helmsman of the Soviet boat Tulilind (lit. Firebird in Estonian) in the Star class competition.

Four years later he won the gold medal as helmsman of the Soviet boat Tornado in the Star class event.

In 1964 he finished fifth in the Star class competition, 1968 he finished 16th in the Star class event. At all four Olympics from 1956 to 1968 he competed with his partner Fyodor Shutkov.

In 1972 he competed in the Soling class competition and finished seventh.
2021–22 CAF Confederation Cup
The 2021–22 CAF Confederation Cup (officially the 2021–22 TotalEnergies CAF Confederation Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 19th edition of Africa's secondary club football tournament organized by the Confederation of African Football (CAF) under the current CAF Confederation Cup title after the merger of CAF Cup and African Cup Winners' Cup.

The defending champions Raja Casablanca were unable to defend their title as they advanced to the group stage of the that season's CAF Champions League. The final was won by RS Berkane of Morocco 5–4 on penalties after a 1–1 draw after 120 minutes of regulation time against Orlando Pirates and RS Berkane at the Godswill Akpabio International Stadium in Uyo, Nigeria, capturing their second title in the process.

As winners, RS Berkane earned the right to play against the winners of the 2021–22 CAF Champions League, Wydad Casablanca, in the 2022 CAF Super Cup.

Uyo
Uyo is the capital of Akwa Ibom state located in South South, Nigeria. It became the capital on September 23, 1987 when Akwa Ibom was created from the former Cross River State. According to the 2006 Nigerian Census, the population of Uyo (including Itu) is 427,873, while the greater urban area, including Uruan, has a population of 554,906. The population of Uyo is put at 1,393,000 as at 2024.

Ibibio is the primary indigenous language. The main campus of the University of Uyo is in Nwaniba, with satellites on Ikpa Road. Ibom Air has its head office in Uyo.
Key management
Key management refers to management  of cryptographic keys in a cryptosystem. This includes dealing with the generation, exchange, storage, use, crypto-shredding (destruction) and replacement of keys. It includes cryptographic protocol design, key servers, user procedures, and other relevant protocols.

Key management concerns keys at the user level, either between users or systems. This is in contrast to key scheduling, which typically refers to the internal handling of keys within the operation of a cipher.

Successful key management is critical to the security of a cryptosystem. It is the more challenging side of cryptography in a sense that it involves aspects of social engineering such as system policy, user training, organizational and departmental interactions, and coordination between all of these elements, in contrast to pure mathematical practices that can be automated.

Crypto-shredding
Crypto-shredding or crypto erase (cryptographic erasure) is the practice of rendering encrypted data unusable by deliberately deleting or overwriting the encryption keys: assuming the key is not later recovered and the encryption is not broken, the data should become irrecoverable, effectively permanently deleted or "shredded". This requires that the data have been encrypted.

Data may be considered to exist in three states: data at rest, data in transit and data in use. General data security principles, such as in the CIA triad of confidentiality, integrity, and availability, require that all three states must be adequately protected. Deleting data at rest on storage media such as backup tapes, data stored in the cloud, computers, phones, or multi-function printers can present challenges when confidentiality of information is of concern. When encryption is in place, data disposal is easier, as less data (only the key material) needs to be destroyed.
Claire Austin
Claire Austin (November 21, 1918 – June 19, 1994) (born Augusta Marie) was an American blues and jazz singer and pianist.

Austin was born to Swedish-American parents in Yakima, Washington. She played in nightclubs throughout the northwest in the 1930s and toured with the Chuck Austin Band in the 1940s. She retired from professional singing by the early 1950s and was working as an accountant in Sacramento for the state of California; after singing with Turk Murphy, she frequently performed in San Francisco for two years. She remained active through the 1970s. Her singing style has been compared to Peggy Lee.

Peggy Lee
Norma Deloris Egstrom (May 26, 1920 – January 21, 2002), known professionally as Peggy Lee, was an American jazz and popular music singer, songwriter, and actress whose career spanned seven decades. From her beginning as a vocalist on local radio to singing with Benny Goodman's big band, Lee created a sophisticated persona, writing music for films, acting, and recording conceptual record albums combining poetry and music. Called the "Queen of American pop music", Lee recorded more than 1,100 masters and co-wrote more than 270 songs. She is best known for her role in the Walt Disney classic Lady and the Tramp, where she voiced Darling, Peg, and the Siamese cats, among others. She received an Academy Award nomination for her role in the 1955 film Pete Kelly's Blues.
Brian's Time
Brian's Time (1985 – April 4, 2013) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He was sired by Roberto by breeder Joan Phillips. Brian's Time was a grade one stakes-winning millionaire who is probably most remembered for his win in the Florida Derby and a solid runner-up finish to Dual Classic winner Risen Star in the 1988 Preakness Stakes. He later became a very successful breeding stallion in Japan.

Florida Derby
The Florida Derby is an American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-old horses held annually at Gulfstream Park in Hallandale Beach, Florida. Since 2005, it has been run five weeks before the Kentucky Derby, which is held on the first Saturday in May. Thus the Florida Derby is currently run either at the end of March or the beginning of April. Added to the racing schedule in 1952, the Grade I race is run at 1+1⁄8 miles on the dirt. The purse was increased to $1 million in 2011 but was reduced to $750,000 for 2020 and 2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The purse was once again increased to $1 million in 2022.