hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Flat rate (finance)
In accounting and finance, flat interest rate mortgages and loans calculate interest based on the amount of money a borrower receives at the beginning of the loan.  However, if repayment is scheduled to occur at regular intervals throughout the term, the average amount to which the borrower has access is lower and so the effective or true rate of interest is higher.  Only if the principal is available in full throughout the loan term does the flat rate equate to the true rate.  This is the case in the example to the right, where the loan contract is for 400,000 Cambodian riels over 4 months.  Interest is set at 16,000 riels (4%) a month while principal is due in a single payment at the end.

Compound interest
Compound interest is interest accumulated from a principal sum and previously accumulated interest. It is the result of reinvesting or retaining interest that would otherwise be paid out, or of the accumulation of debts from a borrower.

Compound interest is contrasted with simple interest, where previously accumulated interest is not added to the principal amount of the current period. Compounded interest depends on the simple interest rate applied and the frequency at which the interest is compounded.
Qiupalong
Qiupalong (IPA: /ˌtɕʰuˈpaːloŋ/; Chinese: 秋扒龙; pinyin: Qiūpálóng; lit. 'dragon from the Qiupa Formation') is an extinct genus of ornithomimosaurian theropod that was discovered in the Late Cretaceous Qiupa Formation of Henan, China. The genus contains a single species, Q. henanensis, the specific epithet for which was named for the province of Henan. Uniquely, Qiupalong is one of the few Late Cretaceous non-avian dinosaurs known from both Asia and Laramidia. A specimen from Alberta has been referred to the genus without being assigned to the type species or suggested to be similar to it. A fossil of an ornithomimid similar to Qiupalong has also been described from Russian Far East.

Laramidia
Laramidia was an island continent that existed during the Late Cretaceous period (99.6–66 Ma), when the Western Interior Seaway split the continent of North America in two. In the Mesozoic era, Laramidia was an island land mass separated from Appalachia to the east by the Western Interior Seaway. It was home to many dinosaurs including ankylosaurs, ceratopsians, and tyrannosaurs. The seaway eventually shrank, split across the Dakotas, and retreated toward the Gulf of Mexico and the Hudson Bay. The masses joined, forming the continent of North America.

Laramidia is named after the Laramide orogeny. The name was coined by J. David Archibald in 1996.
Damiano Michieletto
Damiano Michieletto (born 1975) is an Italian stage director especially known for opera.  He has staged productions at leading opera houses and festivals worldwide. His awards include the 2015 Laurence Olivier Award for the production of Mascagni's Cavalleria rusticana and  Leoncavallo's Pagliacci at the Royal Opera House in London.

Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Opera Production
The Laurence Olivier Award for Best New Opera Production is an annual award presented by the Society of London Theatre in recognition of achievements in professional London theatre. The awards were established as the Society of West End Theatre Awards in 1976, and renamed in 1984 in honour of English actor and director Laurence Olivier.

This award was first presented in 1993, becoming only the second Olivier Award focused solely on opera, along with the award for Outstanding Achievement in Opera (introduced in 1977).
Friends (2016 film)
Friends is a 2016 Indian Marathi-language directed by R. Madhesh. Starring Swapnil Joshi, Sachit Patil and Gauri Nalawade. The film is a remake of the Tamil film Kannedhirey Thondrinal (1998). It was theatrically released on 15 November 2016.

Swapnil Joshi
Swapnil Joshi (Marathi pronunciation: [sʋəpniːl d͡ʒoʃiː]; born 18 October 1977) is an Indian film and television actor, in Hindi and Marathi languages. At nine years old, he appeared in the Ramanand Sagar show Uttar Ramayan. He has done some of the most successful series in television such as Krishna, Eka Lagnachi Dusri Goshta as well as films like Duniyadari, Mumbai-Pune-Mumbai casting him as the lead actor. He has done many comedy shows like Comedy Circus and Papad Pol – Shahabuddin Rathod Ki Rangeen Duniya in Hindi industry. Swapnil owns a wrestling team named 'Vidarbhache Wagh' in Zee Maharashtra Kusti Dangal. He was ranked twelfth in The Times of India's Top 20 Most Desirable Men of Maharashtra in 2017.
William Portman (died c. 1413)
William Portman was an English politician who served as the Member of Parliament for Taunton in various parliaments during the late 14th and early 15th centuries. He was a significant landowner in Taunton, and also served as a tax collector in the town.

Taunton (UK Parliament constituency)
Taunton  was a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom and its predecessors from 1295 to 2010, taking its name from the town of Taunton in Somerset. Until 1918, it was a parliamentary borough, electing two Member of Parliaments (MPs) between 1295 and 1885 and one from 1885 to 1918; the name was then transferred to a county constituency, electing one MP.

In the boundary changes that came into effect at the general election of 2010, the Boundary Commission for England replaced Taunton with a modified constituency called Taunton Deane, to reflect the district name.  The new constituency's boundaries are coterminous with the local government district of the same name.
USCS Robert J. Walker
USCS Robert J. Walker was a survey ship that served in the United States Coast Survey, a predecessor of the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey, from 1848 until sinking in 1860 after a collision at sea. Her loss resulted in the death of 20 men, the greatest loss of life in single incident ever to befall the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration or any of its ancestor agencies. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 19, 2014.

Survey vessel
A survey vessel is any type of ship or boat that is used for underwater surveys, usually to collect data for mapping or planning underwater construction or mineral extraction. It is a type of research vessel, and may be designed for the purpose, modified for the purpose or temporarily put into the service as a vessel of opportunity, and may be crewed, remotely operated, or autonomous. The size and equipment vary to suit the task and availability.
Viešetė
The Viešetė is a small river in Mažeikiai district, Tirkšliai eldership of Lithuania. It flows north from Lake Balėnėlis for 23.6 km (14.7 mi) until it reaches the larger Venta which it is a tributary of. It has three tributaries, the Balėnupis, Gailėšis, and the Stulpas.

Venta (river)
The Venta (Latvian pronunciation [ˈvænta], Lithuanian [venˈta] ⓘ, German: Windau, Polish: Windawa, Livonian Vǟnta joug) is a river in north-western Lithuania and western Latvia. Its source is near Kuršėnai in the Lithuanian Šiauliai County. It flows into the Baltic Sea at Ventspils in Latvia.

On the territory of Lithuania along the Venta are cities Užventis, Kuršėnai, Venta, Viekšniai and Mažeikiai. In Latvia, the cities of Skrunda, Kuldīga, Piltene and Ventspils are located on the Venta river. Venta Rapid, the widest waterfall in Europe, is on Venta river in Kuldīga, Latvia.
1961–62 Sussex County Football League
The 1961–62 Sussex County Football League season was the 37th in the history of the competition.

Division 1 increased to seventeen teams with Hastings Rangers being promoted from Division 2, Haywards Heath also joined Division 1 from leaving the Metropolitan League. Division 2 was remained at sixteen teams again, from which the winner would be promoted into Division 1. LEC Sports left Division 2 and were replaced by Selsey.

Selsey F.C.
Selsey Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Selsey, West Sussex, England. The club is a FA Chartered Standard Community club affiliated to the Sussex County Football Association. The club are currently members of the Southern Combination Division One and play at the High Street Ground.
Come Dine with Me New Zealand
Come Dine with Me New Zealand is a New Zealand television reality programme, based on the UK's Come Dine with Me. Narrated by comedian Guy Williams, it premiered on TV3 on 15 June 2015, with the final episode airing on 7 August 2015. Originally planned to air in the late afternoon, it instead aired at 7–7:30 pm each weeknight, from two weeks after the discontinuation of 3 News' former current affairs show, Campbell Live, until the launch of Story, its new current affairs show. In November 2015, MediaWorks decided not to renew the series.

Story (TV programme)
Story is a New Zealand current affairs television programme that aired on TV3 and was hosted by Duncan Garner and Heather du Plessis-Allan. It premiered on 10 August 2015, and aired 7–7:30 pm, Monday–Thursday. The final show aired on 16 December 2016. It was replaced by The Project in 2017.
Karen Andrews
Karen Lesley Andrews (née Weir; born 23 August 1960) is an Australian politician who served in the Morrison government as Minister for Industry, Science and Technology from 2018 to 2021 and as Minister for Home Affairs from 2021 to 2022. She is a member of the Liberal National Party of Queensland and has represented the Queensland seat of McPherson since the 2010 federal election. Andrews sat as a Liberal and previously served as an assistant minister in the Abbott and Turnbull governments. Before entering politics, she was a mechanical engineer and industrial relations consultant.

On 18 April 2023, Andrews announced that she would retire at the 2025 Australian federal election.

Minister for Home Affairs (Australia)
The Minister for Home Affairs is the minister in the Australian government responsible for the Department of Home Affairs, the country's interior ministry. The current minister is Tony Burke of the Labor Party, who has held the position since July 2024 in the Albanese ministry.

The current Department of Home Affairs was created in December 2017. The first department with that name was created in 1901, as one of the original six departments created at Federation, and was responsible for a wide range of areas not captured by the other departments. Similar departments have existed in almost all subsequent governments, under several different names. The specific title "Minister for Home Affairs" has been created six times – in 1901, 1929, 1977, 1987, 2007 and 2017.
The Blind Beggar
The Blind Beggar is a pub in Whitechapel Road in the East End of London, England, at the junction with Cambridge Heath Road.

Owing to its location close to Whitechapel Station, the pub is often described as being in Whitechapel. Strictly speaking, however, it stands just on the Bethnal Green side of the historic boundary between Bethnal Green and Whitechapel.

The pub takes its name from the ballad and legend The Blind Beggar of Bethnal Green. The pub is reputed to be built on the site on which the blind beggar begged.

It is where Ronnie Kray murdered George Cornell in front of witnesses. It is also the location of William Booth's first sermon, which led to the creation of the Salvation Army. It was the nearest outlet (or brewery tap) for the Manns Albion brewery, where the first modern brown ale was brewed. The pub was built in 1894 on the site of an inn which had been established before 1654.

William Booth
William Booth (10 April 1829 – 20 August 1912) was an English Methodist preacher who, along with his wife, Catherine, founded the Salvation Army and became its first General (1878–1912). This Christian movement, founded in 1865, has a quasi-military structure and government and has spread from London to many parts of the world. It is one of the largest distributors of humanitarian aid.
Mecodema howittii
Mecodema howittii is a species of ground beetle in the family Carabidae, endemic to New Zealand. It is restricted to Banks Peninsula in the Canterbury Region of the South Island, where it is the largest carabid species. Due to a contraction of its historical range, it is currently classified as a species in decline under the New Zealand Threat Classification System (NZTCS). M. howittii is nocturnal and predatory, most commonly found beneath logs in forest and grassland habitats during spring and summer.

New Zealand Threat Classification System
The New Zealand Threat Classification System is used by the Department of Conservation to assess conservation priorities of species in New Zealand.

The system was developed because the IUCN Red List, a similar conservation status system, had some shortcomings for the unique requirements of conservation ranking in New Zealand. As of 2011, plants, animals, and fungi are evaluated, though the lattermost has yet to be published. Algae were assessed in 2005 but not reassessed since.  Other protists have not been evaluated.
Scared Straight (Entourage)
"Scared Straight" is the eleventh episode of the sixth season of the American comedy-drama television series Entourage. It is the 77th overall episode of the series and was written by series creator Doug Ellin, and directed by co-executive producer Mark Mylod. It originally aired on HBO on September 27, 2009.

The series chronicles the acting career of Vincent Chase, a young A-list movie star, and his childhood friends from Queens, New York City, as they attempt to further their nascent careers in Los Angeles. In the episode, Drama panics before his audition for his new show, while Turtle and Jamie-Lynn Sigler debate on their relationship just before she leaves.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 1.87 million household viewers and gained a 1.1/3 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received extremely positive reviews from critics, who praised the deviation from Vince's storylines, although Eric's decision received mixed reviews.

Doug Ellin
Douglas Reed Ellin (born 1967 or 1968) is an American screenwriter and film and TV director, known best for creating the HBO television series Entourage. Ellin also served as executive producer, director, head writer and supporting actor for the series, and wrote, directed and produced its 2015 film adaptation.
Alfred W. Fleisher
Alfred W. Fleisher (c. 1878 - December 25, 1928) was an American real estate investor and philanthropist. He was the co-founder and head of Mastbaum Brothers & Fleisher, and the president of the board of trustees of the Eastern State Penitentiary. He supported prison reform.

Eastern State Penitentiary
The Eastern State Penitentiary (ESP) is a former American prison in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is located in the Fairmount section of the city, and was operational from 1829 until 1971. The penitentiary refined the revolutionary system of separate incarceration, first pioneered at the Walnut Street Jail, which emphasized principles of reform rather than punishment.

Notorious criminals such as Al Capone and bank robber Willie Sutton were held inside its innovative wagon wheel design. For their role in the Kelayres massacre of 1934, James Bruno (Big Joe) and several male relatives were incarcerated here between 1936 and 1948, before they were paroled. At its completion, the building was the largest and most expensive public structure ever erected in the United States, and quickly became a model for more than 300 prisons worldwide.

The prison is currently a U.S. National Historic Landmark, which is open to the public as a museum for tours daily.
The Adventures of Dudley the Dragon
The Adventures of Dudley the Dragon is a Canadian children's television series which aired on YTV in Canada and on public television stations (through Tampa, Florida PBS member station WEDU) in the United States. It aired from 1993 to 1997 and later reran until 1999. Made in live-action, it incorporated actors, full body costume characters (notably the titular dragon) and puppets.

Graham Greene won a Gemini Award in 1994 for his role. He was nominated in 1998 for the episode The Tiny Little Raincloud. Jackie Burroughs was also nominated in 1994 for the same award, this time for performing in the episode High Flying Dragon.

Jackie Burroughs
Jacqueline Burroughs (2 February 1939 – 22 September 2010) was a Canadian actress. Burroughs starred in over 100 films and television shows over her career, including Heavy Metal, The Care Bears Movie, The Grey Fox, and Anne of Green Gables, and was best known for her role as Hetty King in the TV series Road to Avonlea.
Devil: The British Secret Agent
Devil: The British Secret Agent is a 2023 Indian Telugu-language action drama film written by Srikanth Vissa and directed by Abhishek Nama and Naveen Medaram. Produced by Abhishek Nama and Devansh Nama under Abhishek Pictures, it stars Nandamuri Kalyan Ram, Samyuktha, Vasishta N. Simha, Edward Sonnenblick and Elnaaz Norouzi.

Devil: The British Secret Agent was theatrically released in India on 29 December 2023 and received mixed reviews from critics.

Vasishta N. Simha
Vasishta Niranjan Simha is an Indian actor and playback singer who predominantly works in Kannada and Telugu films. He is known for playing antagonist roles, with most notable role performance which critical acclaim in KGF (2018–2022).
Troy, Michigan
Troy is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. A northern suburb of Detroit, Troy is located about 15 miles (24 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 87,294, making Troy the largest community in Oakland County and 13th-most populous municipality in the state.

Troy was organized as a township in 1827, and sections of the township were later incorporated into the cities of Birmingham, Clawson, and Royal Oak. The remainder of the township was incorporated as the city of Troy in 1955.

Royal Oak, Michigan
Royal Oak is a city in Oakland County in the U.S. state of Michigan. An inner-ring suburb of Detroit, Royal Oak is located roughly 10 miles (16.1 km) north of downtown Detroit. As of the 2020 census, the city had a population of 58,211.

Royal Oak is located along the Woodward Corridor, and is served by Interstate 75 and Interstate 696. The city has one of the largest downtowns in Detroit's suburbs, and is also home to much of the Detroit Zoo, with portions extending into neighboring Huntington Woods. Royal Oak describes itself as the "city of trees".
Lake McGregor
Lake McGregor is a lake located in the Mackenzie Basin of New Zealand's South Island. It lies between the larger Lake Alexandrina to the west and the much larger Lake Tekapo to the east. It is a shallow lake with distinct indications of glacial origin and is fed by small streams and the outlet of Lake Alexandrina and drains via a short stream into Lake Tekapo. On its eastern end it contains a wetland and island of around 5.6 hectares (14 acres) in size.

Lake Alexandrina (New Zealand)
Lake Alexandrina (Māori: Whakatukumoana) is a lake located in the Mackenzie Basin of New Zealand's South Island. It lies immediately to the west of the much larger Lake Tekapo and further to the east of Lake Pukaki, located to the north of Lake Tekapo township. It is a shallow lake with distinct indications of glacial origin and is spring fed with an outlet on its eastern shore midway down the lake. The outlet feeds into a smaller lake, Lake MacGregor before feeding into Lake Tekapo described as “Opaque and milky blue” in colour. In the desert terrain of the Mackenzie Plains, Lake Alexandrina is considered as an “oasis of life”.
Lake Alexandrina is a Wildlife Refuge and a delight to a fisherman, well documented for its brown and rainbow trout and salmon.
Abbott Elementary season 3
The third season of the American television comedy Abbott Elementary created by Quinta Brunson premiered in the United States on ABC on February 7, 2024, and concluded on May 22. The season consisted of 14 episodes, fewer episodes than the previous season due to the 2023 Writers Guild of America strike. Like the previous season, the season stars Brunson, Tyler James Williams, Janelle James, Lisa Ann Walter, Chris Perfetti, William Stanford Davis and Sheryl Lee Ralph.

Abbott Elementary is presented in a mockumentary format similar to one of The Office and Modern Family, and follows a documentary crew recording the lives of teachers working in underfunded schools including the fictional Willard R. Abbott Elementary School, a predominantly Black Philadelphia public school. Three days after the season premiere, the series was renewed for a fourth season.

Chris Perfetti
Chris Perfetti (born December 12, 1988) is an American actor. As of 2026, he portrays Jacob Hill on the ABC comedy Abbott Elementary, for which he was nominated for a Critics' Choice Award and won a Screen Actors Guild Award. His other roles include Tim Fletch on the NBC series Crossbones (2014), Brady on the HBO series Looking (2015), and Ben on The CW series In the Dark (2020).
Zieria scopulus
Zieria scopulus, commonly known as Flinders Peak stink bush, is a plant in the citrus family Rutaceae and endemic to south-eastern Queensland. It is an open, compact shrub with wiry branches, three-part leaves and groups of up to twenty white flowers with four petals and four stamens, although only a small number of flowers are open at the same time. It is only known from two peaks of volcanic rock near Ipswich.

Ipswich, Queensland
Ipswich (/ˈɪpswɪtʃ/ ⓘ) is an urban centre within the City of Ipswich in South East Queensland, Australia. Situated on the Bremer River, it is approximately 40 km (25 mi) west of the Brisbane central business district. Ipswich is renowned for its architectural, natural and cultural heritage, and the city preserves and operates from many of its historical buildings, with more than 6000 heritage-listed sites and over 500 parks. Ipswich was founded in 1827 as a mining settlement, and soon developed into a major commercial and population centre. The suburb of the same name serves as the city's central business district. In the 2021 census, the population of the urban area of Ipswich was 115,913 people.
Megillat Antiochus
Megillat Antiochus (Hebrew: מגילת אנטיוכוס, "Scroll of Antiochus"), also known as Megillat HaHashmonaim, Megillat Benei Hashmonai, Megillat Hanukkah, Megillat Yoḥanan, Megillat HaMakabim, or Megillah Yevanit, recounts the story of Hanukkah and the history of the victory of the Maccabees (or Hasmoneans) over the Hellenistic Seleucid Empire.

It is distinct from the Books of the Maccabees, which describe some of the same events. 
Louis Ginzberg called it a "spurious work" based on "unhistorical sources," with the exception of its citations taken from passages from First Book of the Maccabees.

Louis Ginzberg
Louis Ginzberg (Hebrew: לוי גינצבורג, Levy Gintzburg; Russian: Леви Гинцберг, Levy Ginzberg; November 28, 1873 – November 11, 1953) was a Russian-born American rabbi and Talmudic scholar of Lithuanian-Jewish descent, contributing editor to numerous articles of The Jewish Encyclopedia (1906), and leading figure in the Conservative movement of Judaism during the early 20th century.
Reducing (film)
Reducing is a 1931 American pre-Code comedy film directed by Charles Reisner and written by Beatrice Banyard, Robert E. Hopkins, Willard Mack and Zelda Sears. The film stars Marie Dressler, Polly Moran, Anita Page, Lucien Littlefield, William Collier, Jr. and Sally Eilers. The film was released on January 3, 1931, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

William Collier Jr.
William Collier Jr. (born Charles F. Gall Jr.; February 12, 1902 – February 5, 1987) was an American stage performer, producer, and a film actor who in the silent and sound eras was cast in no fewer than 89 motion pictures.