hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jamie Roberts
Jamie Huw Roberts (born 8 November 1986) is a Welsh former professional rugby union player who played as a centre.

Beginning in 2005, Roberts played for Cardiff RFC, Cardiff Blues, Racing Métro, Cambridge University, Harlequins, Bath, the Stormers, the Dragons and the Waratahs. He won 94 caps for Wales between 2008 and 2017 and three for the British & Irish Lions on their tours to South Africa in 2009 and Australia in 2013.

Since his retirement from professional rugby in 2022, Roberts has qualified as a physician.

2012 Six Nations Championship
The 2012 Six Nations Championship, known as the 2012 RBS 6 Nations due to the tournament's sponsorship by the Royal Bank of Scotland, was the 13th series of the Six Nations Championship. The annual northern hemisphere rugby union championship was contested by England, France, Ireland, Italy, Scotland and Wales.

Including the competition's previous incarnations as the Home Nations Championship and Five Nations Championship, it was the 118th tournament of the annual European championship.

For the first time since 2008, there were no Friday night fixtures.

Whilst Italy continued to play their home matches in Rome, they used the Stadio Olimpico instead of the Stadio Flaminio, which Italy had used for their home Championship fixtures since entering the competition in 2000. The Championship was won by Wales, who achieved their third Grand Slam in eight tournaments.
25th Panzergrenadier Division
The 25th Infantry Division (German: 25. Infanterie-Division) was a military unit of the German Wehrmacht. It was later reclassified to 25th Motorized Infantry Division (25. Infanterie-Division (mot.)), and in June 1943 to the 25th Panzergrenadier Division (25. Panzergrenadier-Division).

The 25th Panzergrenadier Division fought in the central sector of the Eastern front from June 1943 to July 1944. It was destroyed in the encirclement east of Minsk and reformed in October 1944. It then fought in Western Europe between October 1944 and January 1945 and in eastern Germany January to May 1945. Most of the survivors of the division surrendered to the western Allies.

XIII SS Army Corps
The XIII SS Army Corps was formed in August 1944 at Breslau. It was moved to France and the Western Front. By the end of April 1945, some units of the corps operated in Czechoslovakia where they encountered the U.S. 97th Infantry Division. Others fought north of the Danube River near Regen.
2011 Ukrainian Cup final
The 2011 Ukrainian Cup final was a football match that was played at the Yuvileiny Stadium, Sumy, on 25 May 2011. The match was the 20th Ukrainian Cup Final and was contested by Dynamo Kyiv and Shakhtar Donetsk. This was the first time a Ukrainian Cup final was played in Sumy.

Since this match was between two teams that had qualified for the 2011–12 UEFA Champions League, the sixth-placed team in the 2010–11 Ukrainian Premier League season would qualify for the 2011–12 UEFA Europa League. In the draw, Dynamo was selected as the home team. After a goalless first half, Shakhtar's superiority prevailed and they won the match 2–0, enabling them to win the Ukrainian treble of the Ukrainian Super Cup, the Premier League and the Ukrainian Cup.

2010–11 Ukrainian Cup
The 2010–11 Ukrainian Cup  was the 20th annual season of Ukraine's football knockout competition, and third under the name of DATAGROUP – Football Ukraine Cup.

The Cup begins with two preliminary rounds, before the first round proper involving the Premier League clubs. The draw for both the preliminary rounds was held on July 14, 2010. The First Preliminary Round consists of teams from Druha Liha and Amateur Cup champions and has only five fixtures. In the Second Preliminary Round teams of the Persha Liha enter the competition. Sixteen teams, winners of the 2nd preliminary round enter the first round or the round of 32 where the Premier League teams enter the competition for the first time.

Tavriya Simferopol was the defending champion and as a member of the Premier League enter the competition at the round of 32. Tavriya were eliminated in the round of 32 by Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk 1–4. This season's winner enters the play-off round of the UEFA Europa League 2011–12.
Twickenham by Moonlight
Twickenham by Moonlight is an 1835 landscape painting by the British artist Henry Pether.  It depicts a view of the River Thames looking towards Twickenham, now in Greater London but then some miles east of London. It captures the curve of the river and features the tower of St Mary's church on the left and Eel Pie Island on the right.

Henry was the son of Abraham Pether and brother of Sebastian, both noted landscape artists themselves. Twickenham had been a popular setting for landscape paintings since the late seventeenth century. These were generally panoramic or topographical views such as The Thames at Twickenham by Peter Tillemans. By contrast Pether's painting captures the Romantic style which was at its height at the time by displaying a view along the river by moonlight.

Today the painting is in the collection of  Orleans House, having been donated in 1962 by Nellie Ionides.

Abraham Pether
Abraham Pether (8 October 1752 – 13 April 1812) was an English landscape painter, recognised for his skill in depicting moonlit scenes. He was also a talented musician, inventor, mathematician and philosopher.
Haravijaya
Haravijaya (Sanskrit: हरविजयम्, romanized: Haravijayam, lit. 'Śiva's Victory') is a Sanskrit mahākāvya written by Ratnākara. The poem narrates Śiva's victory over Andhaka. It also describes Śiva's iconographic features and gives an exposition of Śaiva philosophy. Haravijaya is the longest extant Sanskrit mahākāvya, containing a total of 4351 verses in fifty sargas (cantos).

Mahakavya
Mahākāvya (lit. great kāvya, court epic), also known as sargabandha, is a genre of Indian epic poetry in Classical Sanskrit. The genre is characterised by ornate and elaborate descriptions of phenomena such as scenery, love, and battles. Typical examples of mahākāvya are the Kumarasambhava and the Kiratarjuniya.

The genre evolved from earlier epics, the Mahabharata and the Ramayana. Despite the length of mahākāvyas (15-30 cantos, a total of about 1500-3000 verses), they are still much shorter than the Ramayana (500 cantos, 24000 verses) and the Mahabharata (about 100000 verses).
Museum of the Kalavryta Holocaust
The Museum of the Kalavryta Holocaust is a museum in Kalavryta, Greece dedicated to the history of the Massacre of Kalavryta in 1943. The museum contains artifacts of the German occupation of the town and documents the massacre.

Kalavryta
Kalavryta (Greek: Καλάβρυτα) is a town and a municipality in the mountainous east-central part of the regional unit of Achaea, Greece. The town is located on the right bank of the river Vouraikos, 24 kilometres (15 miles) south of Aigio, 40 km (25 miles) southeast of Patras and 62 km (39 miles) northwest of Tripoli. Notable mountains in the municipality are Mount Erymanthos in the west and Aroania or Chelmos in the southeast. Kalavryta is the southern terminus of the Diakopto-Kalavryta rack railway, built by Italian engineers between 1885 and 1895.
SS Empire Comfort
SS Empire Comfort was a 1,333 GRT convoy rescue ship which was launched in 1944 as  HMS York Castle a Castle-class corvette, but was renamed  Empire Castle and converted for merchant service before completion by Ferguson Brothers (Port Glasgow) Ltd., Port Glasgow as yard number 372. She was launched on 20 September 1944. The ship was 252 feet (76.81 m) long, with a beam of 36 feet (10.97 m) and a draught of 13 feet 6 inches (4.11 m).

Castle-class corvette
The Castle-class corvette was an ocean going convoy escort developed by the United Kingdom during the Second World War. It was the follow-on to the Flower-class corvette, and designed to be built in shipyards that were producing the Flowers. The Castle-class was a general improvement over the smaller Flowers which were designed for coastal rather than open ocean use.

The Castle-class corvettes started appearing in service during late 1943.
Amberfield School
Amberfield School was a small private school in Nacton, England, coeducational up to the age of 7 years, and for girls up to the age of 16 years, which was established in 1927 and closed in 2011 due to financial problems. The last headmistress was Linda Ingram. It was set in countryside with surrounding fields and wildlife. It won the Lego League Robotics UK Championships and the World Primary Robot Dance Championship held in Suzhou, China as part of RoboCup Junior in 2008. The school occupied the site of Nacton Workhouse, near woodland where the body of one of the victims of the Ipswich 2006 serial murders, was found. The school was a member of the Girls' Schools Association.

Girls' Schools Association
The Girls' Schools Association (GSA) is a membership association for the heads of independent and state girls' schools in the United Kingdom. It is a constituent member of the Independent Schools Council (ISC), and works with the Association of School and College Leaders (ASCL).
Oreichthys crenuchoides
Oreichthys crenuchoides is a small (~2.5" TL) cyprinid found in Assam, India. It is imported for the aquarium trade under the name neon highfin barb or high-fin variable barb. It is an atypical Oreichthys in that the face is more rounded than in O. cosuatis and other Oreichthys species.

They are strictly freshwater, and are found in ditches, ponds and streams.

Cyprinidae
Cyprinidae is a family of cyprinoid freshwater fishes commonly referred to as the carp family, which includes the carps, barbs, and barbels, among others. These cyprinids also share sister taxa with the danionins and minnows under the suborder Cyprinoidei. Cyprinidae is the largest and most diverse fish family, and the largest family of vertebrates overall, with roughly 1,780 species split into 166 valid genera.

Cyprinids range from the 12 mm (0.5 in)-long glassfishes, to the 3 m (9.8 ft) giant barb (Catlocarpio siamensis). The family name is derived from the Greek word kyprînos (κυπρῖνος 'carp').
M59 (Johannesburg)
The M59 is a short metropolitan route in Greater Johannesburg, South Africa. The entire route is in the western part of the City of Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality, particularly in Kempton Park and Edenvale.

Metropolitan routes in Johannesburg
Metropolitan Routes in Johannesburg, also called Metro Roads or Metro Routes are designated with the letter M, and are usually major routes around Johannesburg and some areas declared part of Greater Johannesburg (including the town of Krugersdorp and the Ekurhuleni Metropolitan Municipality).
Rolf Drechsler
Rolf Drechsler is an electrical engineer at the University of Bremen, Germany. He was named a Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for his contributions in testing and verification of electronic circuits and systems. He was named as an ACM Fellow in 2023.

ACM Fellow
ACM Fellowship is an award and fellowship that recognises outstanding members of the Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). The title of ACM Fellow indicates excellence, as evinced by technical, professional and leadership contributions that:

advance computing

promote the free exchange of ideas

advance the objectives of ACM

At most 1% of the ACM membership may be elected as Fellows.

New fellows are elected annually since 1993.
Judo Rathnam
K. K. Rathnam (8 August 1930 – 26 January 2023), known as Judo Rathnam, was an Indian action choreographer. He made his debut as an actor in the film Thamarai Kulam in 1959, and later made his debut as a stunt master in the film Vallavan Oruvan in 1966. He made his last appearance as an actor before retirement in the film Thalainagaram in 2006. Stunt masters and actors such as Vikram Dharma, Super Subbarayan, Thalapathy Dinesh, Jaguar Thangam, Rocky Rajesh, Rambo Rajkumar, FEFSI Vijayan, Stun Siva, Ponnambalam, Judo. K. K. Ramu, Indian Baskar, Rajasekhar, Ambur. R. S. Babu, M. Shahul Hameed, Kundrathur Babu, Azhagu & Vengal Rao have worked as fighters and assistants to him. His son Judo. K. K. Ramu is also a stunt master, while his grandsons Judo Lenin and John Prince are stunt artists.

Rathnam died on 26 January 2023, at age 92.

Ponnambalam (actor)
Ponnambalam is an Indian actor and stuntman who has predominantly worked in Tamil cinema. He is best known for playing antagonistic roles in Indian films during the 1990s, notably appearing in Tamil-language films such as Nattamai (1994), Muthu (1995) and Amarkkalam (1999). Later in his career, Ponnambalam also appeared in a few leading roles, while also taking up the mantle of director and producer.
Libertarian Party of Vermont
The Libertarian Party of Vermont is the Vermont affiliate of the Libertarian Party. The state chair is Olga Mardach-Duclerc.

The Libertarian Party is the 5th largest in Vermont after the Democratic, Republican, Progressive, and Liberty Union Parties.

In 1998, Neil Randall was elected to the Vermont House of Representatives as a Libertarian, representing Orange County's 3rd district. He left the party, but was re-elected in 2000 as a Republican.

The party ran two candidates in the 2016 elections for Vermont House, as well as other candidates for local offices.

Several Libertarian candidates ran in 2018, including four State Senate seats.

In May 2023, Republican state representative Jarrod Sammis switched to the Libertarian Party.

Matt Hill ran for United States Senate in 2024.

Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party
The Green Mountain Peace and Justice Party (GMPJP), formerly known as the Liberty Union Party (LUP) until 2021, is a socialist political party in Vermont, United States. LUP was formed in 1970 by progressives to contest the 1970 Senate election.

GMPJP is a self-proclaimed "non-violent socialist party". In 1995, LUP was described by The New York Times as the cradle of progressivism in Vermont.

GMPJP is the fourth-largest party in Vermont after the Democratic, Republican, and Progressive parties.

Notable past and present members include William H. Meyer, Peter Diamondstone, Bernie Sanders, Michael Parenti, and Mary Alice Herbert.
Daryl Seaman
Daryl Kenneth "Doc" Seaman OC AOE (28 April 1922 – 11 January 2009) was a Canadian engineer, oilman, and hockey executive. Seaman was the founder, president, and chairman of Bow Valley Industries, one of Canada's largest independent petroleum companies. In addition to his business activities, from 1941 to 1945 he served as a pilot in the Royal Canadian Air Force and from 1980 to 2009 was a part-owner of the Calgary Flames.

Alberta Order of Excellence
The Alberta Order of Excellence is a civilian honour for merit in the Canadian province of Alberta. Instituted in 1979 when Lieutenant Governor Frank C. Lynch-Staunton granted royal assent to the Alberta Order of Excellence Act, the order is administered by the Governor-in-Council and is intended to honour current or former Alberta residents for conspicuous achievements in any field, being thus described as the highest honour amongst all others conferred by the Canadian Crown in right of Alberta.
Livermore, Iowa
Livermore is a city in Humboldt County, Iowa, United States. The population was 381 at the time of the 2020 census. Livermore is the hometown of former University of Iowa and NFL tight end Dallas Clark.

Des Moines River
The Des Moines River (/dəˈmɔɪn/ ⓘ) is a tributary of the Mississippi River in the upper Midwestern United States that is approximately 525 miles (845 km) long from its farther headwaters. The largest river flowing across the state of Iowa, it rises in southern Minnesota and flows across Iowa from northwest to southeast, passing from the glaciated plains into the unglaciated hills, transitioning near the capital city of Des Moines in the center of the state. The river continues to flow in a southeastern direction away from Des Moines, flowing directly into the Mississippi River. The Des Moines River forms a short portion of Iowa's border with Missouri between Lee County, Iowa and Clark County, Missouri.

The city of Des Moines, Iowa, was named for the river.
Ray Candy
Ray Canty (December 3, 1951 – May 23, 1994), better known by the ring name Ray Candy, was an American professional wrestler who worked for a variety of different wrestling promotions in the United States, Japan and Puerto Rico such as Jim Crockett Promotions, All Japan Pro Wrestling, World Wrestling Council and others. He also competed as Blackstud Williams, Super Mario Man, Commando Ray, Masked Superfly and Kareem Muhammad.

As Kareem Muhammad he formed a tag team with Elijah Akeem as the tag team "The Zambuie Express". He also spent time as part of Skandor Akbar's Devastation Inc. group as well as a team known as "The Shock Troops" with Ed Gantner and "The Commandos" with Commando Boone. Canty was responsible for training New Jack for his professional wrestling career.

NWA United States Tag Team Championship (Florida version)
The Florida version of the NWA United States Tag Team Championship was a major professional wrestling tag team championship. The title was defended sporadically in the National Wrestling Alliance affiliated Championship Wrestling from Florida from 1961 to 1962, 1978 to 1980, and then 1983 until 1986. While its name suggests it was defended throughout the United States, the title was actually a regional championship that was only defended throughout the Florida territory. The 1978-80 version of the United States Tag Team Championship belt inspired the current design for the NWA United States Tag Team Championship, upon reactivation in 2022.
Baysgarth Park
Baysgarth Park is a public park situated in the market town of Barton-upon-Humber, Lincolnshire, England.

The park provides thirty acres of recreational space off Brigg Road to the south of the town. Baysgarth House, located in the park, contains Baysgarth House Museum, which illustrates the history, archaeology, flora and fauna of the district.
Baysgarth Leisure Centre is also located here.

In July 2018 it was awarded a Green Flag Award following a series of renovations.

Barton-upon-Humber
Barton-upon-Humber (/ˈbɑːrtən əˈpɒn ˈhʌmbʌr/) or Barton is a town and civil parish in the North Lincolnshire district, in the ceremonial county of Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 11,066. It is situated on the south bank of the Humber Estuary at the southern end of the Humber Bridge. It is 6 miles (10 km) south-west of Kingston upon Hull and 31 miles (50 km) north north-east of the county town of Lincoln. Other nearby towns include Scunthorpe to the south-west and Grimsby to the south-east.
2-Bromobutane
2-Bromobutane is an isomer of 1-bromobutane.  Both compounds share the molecular formula C4H9Br.  2-Bromobutane is also known as sec-butyl bromide or methylethylbromomethane.  It is a colorless liquid with a pleasant odor.  Because it contains bromine, a halogen, it is part of a larger class of compounds known as alkyl halides.  Because the carbon atom connected to the bromine is connected to two other carbons the molecule is referred to as a secondary alkyl halide. 2-Bromobutane is chiral and thus can be obtained as either of two enantiomers designated as (R)-(−)-2-bromobutane and (S)-(+)-2-bromobutane.

2-Bromobutane is relatively stable, but is toxic and flammable.  When treated with a strong base, it is prone to undergo an E2 reaction, which is a bimolecular elimination reaction, resulting in (predominantly) 2-butene, an alkene (double bond). 2-Bromobutane is an irritant, and harmful if ingested. It can irritate and burn skin and eyes.

1-Bromobutane
1-Bromobutane is the organobromine compound with the formula CH3(CH2)3Br. It is a colorless liquid, although impure samples appear yellowish.  It is insoluble in water, but soluble in organic solvents. It is primarily used as a source of the butyl group in organic synthesis.  It is one of several isomers of butyl bromide.
1998 Generali Open
The 1998 Generali Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Kitzbühel, Austria that was part of the International Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the 43rd edition of the tournament and was held from 27 July until 2 August 1998. Second-seeded Albert Costa won the singles title.

1998 ATP Tour
The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the ATP World Tour Finals, the ATP Super 9, the Championship Series and the World Series tournaments.
Bertie Murphy
Bartholomew Murphy (17 February 1909 - 6 May 1999) was an Irish hurler and Gaelic footballer. He lined out with club sides Sarsfields and Glanmire, and at the inter-county level with Cork. Murphy also served as an administrator and selector.

Munster Junior Hurling Championship
The Munster Junior Hurling Championship is a junior "knockout" competition in the game of Hurling played in the province of Munster in Ireland. The series of games is organised by the Munster Council.

The winners of the Munster Junior Hurling Championship each year progress to play the other provincial champions for a chance to win the All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship.

Generally, the stronger hurling counties have fielded their second teams in this competition. In recent years though, they have participated in the Munster Intermediate Hurling Championship instead. The competition has been suspended and is unlikely to be re-established. Between 1961 and 1973 Kerry represented Munster in the All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship. From 1974 to 1982 there was no Munster team nominated.
Åslaug Grinde
Åslaug Grinde (2 April 1931 – 2 July 2019) was a Norwegian nurse, rector and politician for the Liberal Party.

Hailing from Bodø, she was a nurse and later rector of the National School of Psychiatric Nursing. It was merged into Nordland Nurse College in 1987 which in turn was merged into Bodø University College in 1994.

She served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Nordland during the term 1969–1973. In total she met during 22 days of parliamentary session. For the 1973 Norwegian parliamentary election she was second on the Liberal Party ballot, behind Johan Kleppe, but the Liberal Party lost their seat.
She was also leader of Nordland Liberal Party.

Johan Kleppe
Johan Kleppe (29 September 1928 – 17 May 2022) was a Norwegian veterinarian and politician for the Liberal Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Nordland in 1969, but was not re-elected in 1973. He had previously served in the position of deputy representative during the term 1965–1969.

He was the Minister of Defence in 1972–1973 during the cabinet Korvald, having formerly been State Secretary to the Minister of Agriculture from 1968 to 1969 during the cabinet Borten. During his time in cabinet he was replaced in the Norwegian Parliament by Kristian Halse. Kleppe authored one book on defence policy, published in 1973.

On the local level he was member of the municipal council of Bjørnskinn Municipality from 1955 to 1963, and then its successor Andøy Municipality from 1963 to 1978, serving as deputy mayor from 1963 to 1966 and mayor from 1966 to 1969 and 1975 to 1978.

Kleppe died on 17 May 2022, at the age of 93.