hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Attila Losonczy
Attila Losonczy (born 1974) is a Hungarian neuroscientist, Professor of Neuroscience at Columbia University Medical Center. Losonczy's main area of research is on the relationship between neural networks and behavior, specifically with regard to learning in the hippocampus.

His group conducts research on spatial navigation and episodic learning in animal models as well as the pathology of cognitive memory deficits in neurodegenerative disorders and psychiatric disorders such as PTSD and anxiety. Losonczy is currently working on developing in vivo imaging methods using two-photon microscopy and calcium imaging to simultaneously image hundreds of hippocampal place cells in conscious mice performing spatial tasks.

Calcium imaging
Calcium imaging is a microscopy technique to optically measure the calcium (Ca2+) status of an isolated cell, tissue or medium. Calcium imaging takes advantage of calcium indicators, fluorescent molecules that respond to the binding of Ca2+ ions by fluorescence properties. Two main classes of calcium indicators exist: chemical indicators and genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECI). This technique has allowed studies of calcium signalling in a wide variety of cell types, and can be used to measure electrical activity in hundreds of neurons in cell culture, or in living animals during ongoing behavior.
Hanah Margalit
Hanah Margalit (Hebrew: חנה מרגלית) is a professor in the faculty of medicine at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem. Her research combines bioinformatics, computational biology and systems biology, specifically in the fields of gene regulation in bacteria and eukaryotes.

Computational biology
Computational biology refers to the use of techniques in computer science, data analysis, mathematical modeling and computational simulations to understand biological systems and relationships. An intersection of computer science, biology, and data science, the field also has foundations in applied mathematics, molecular biology, cell biology, chemistry, and genetics.
NS 5000 (1877)
The NS 5000 was a series of tank engines of Nederlandse Spoorwegen (NS) and its predecessor Maatschappij tot Exploitatie van Staatsspoorwegen (SS).

The SS ordered six tank engines for shunting work manufactured by Beyer, Peacock & Company in Manchester, England. They were delivered in 1877 and 1878 with numbers 261–266. Later, the locomotives were used more and more for passenger services. Originally the cab was open, but at the start of World War I the cab was provided with lockable windows.

When the fleets of the HSM and the SS was merged into Nederlandse Spoorwegen in 1921, the locomotives were given the NS numbers 5001–5006. The locomotives were withdrawn between 1927 and 1935. No engines have been preserved.

Nederlandse Spoorwegen
Nederlandse Spoorwegen ([ˈneːdərlɑntsə ˈspoːrˌʋeːɣə(n)] ⓘ, lit. 'Dutch Railways', NS [ɛnˈɛs] ⓘ) is the principal passenger railway operator in the Netherlands. It is a Dutch state-owned company founded in 1938.

The rail infrastructure is maintained by network manager ProRail, which was split off from NS in 2003. Freight operator NS Cargo merged with DB Cargo in 2000. NS runs 4,800 scheduled domestic trains a day, serving 1.1 million passengers. The NS also provides international rail services from the Netherlands to other European destinations and carries out concessions on some foreign rail markets through its subsidiary Abellio.
Fateh Singh Rathore
Fateh Singh Rathore (10 August 1938 – 1 March 2011) was an Indian tiger conservationist. Fateh Singh joined the Indian Forest Service in 1960 and was part of the first Project Tiger team. He was widely acknowledged as the tiger guru for his legendary knowledge of the big cat. He worked over 50 years in wildlife conservation. Rathore was noted for his pioneering relocation of villages from inside the Ranthambhore National Park in 1973–75. Largely because of Mr. Rathore, "Ranthambhore became the place which brought the tiger to the consciousness of people the world over."

Project Tiger
Project Tiger is a wildlife conservation movement initiated in India to protect the endangered tiger. The project was initiated in 1973 by the Ministry of Environment, Forest and Climate Change of the Government of India. As of March 2025, there are 58 protected areas that have been designated as tiger reserves under the project. As of 2022, there were 3,682 wild tigers in India, which is almost 75% of the world's wild tiger population.
Mobley's Message
Mobley's Message is an album by jazz saxophonist Hank Mobley, released on the Prestige label in 1957. It was recorded on July 20, 1956 and features performances by Mobley, Donald Byrd, Barry Harris, Doug Watkins and Art Taylor, with Jackie McLean guesting on one track.

Donald Byrd
Donaldson Toussaint L'Ouverture Byrd II (December 9, 1932 – February 4, 2013) was an American jazz and rhythm & blues trumpeter, composer and vocalist. A sideman for many other jazz musicians of his generation, Byrd was one of the few hard bop musicians who successfully explored funk and soul while remaining a jazz artist. As a bandleader, Byrd was an influence on the early career of Herbie Hancock and many others.
Savage Love (Laxed – Siren Beat)
"Savage Love (Laxed – Siren Beat)", originally known as "Savage Love", is a song by New Zealand music producer Jawsh 685 and American singer Jason Derulo.  The song was officially released on 11 June 2020, following the resolution of sample clearance issues between the two artists.

"Savage Love (Laxed – Siren Beat)" peaked at number one in seventeen countries, including the United Kingdom, New Zealand and Australia. A remix featuring South Korean septet BTS was released on 2 October 2020, featuring a new verse sung in Korean. It features vocals predominantly from members Jungkook, Suga, and J-Hope. The remix reached number one on the US Billboard Hot 100, earning the second number-one song for both Jason Derulo and BTS, and first for Jawsh 685 on the chart. Additionally, the remix reached number one on the Billboard Global 200. BTS was listed as a credited act for one week on the mentioned charts.

Whatcha Say
"Whatcha Say" is the debut single by American artist Jason Derulo for his self-titled debut album. It was released for digital download on May 5, 2009, and officially released as a single on August 4 of the same year. The track reinterprets the bridge from Imogen Heap's 2005 hit "Hide and Seek", prominently featuring its chorus. Produced by J. R. Rotem with extra touches from German producer Fuego, the song enjoyed a week at the top of the Billboard Hot 100, but received mixed reviews from music critics, who were divided on the sample use and lyrical content while others panned the use of Auto-Tune.

Derulo recorded a French-English version with French Guiana singer Fanny J in 2010. A second music video has also been released.
Sawan gas field
Sawan Gas Field is  located in Nara Taluka, Sindh, Pakistan. It is a joint venture of OMV Pakistan, ENI Pakistan, PPL, Moravské naftové doly and Government Holdings (Private) Limited.
Production peaked in 2007 and by late 2023, the field's operator had recovered 97% of the recoverable reserves. Sawan was and still is one of the largest discoveries of gas reserves in Pakistan.

The operator of the field is OMV Pakistan. It has commercially usable reserves of more than 45 billion cubic metres and OMV Pakistan share of the production is around 13,000 barrels (2,100 cubic metres) per day of oil equivalent.

Sawan Gas Plant has its own airfield for transportation of staff due to its remote location. The airfield is known as Sawan Airport.

ENI announced in June 2020, amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, that it was putting its Pakistan assets up for sale.

OMV
OMV, formerly an abbreviation for Österreichische Mineralölverwaltung Aktiengesellschaft (English: Austrian Mineral Oil Administration Stock Company), is an integrated company with three robust pillars: Chemicals, Fuels & Feedstock, and Energy. It supports the transition to a lower-carbon economy and has the ambition to become a net zero emissions business by 2050 for Scope 1, 2, and 3 emissions. The majority of its nearly 24,000 employees work at its integrated European sites. In 2024, the company is listed on the Vienna Stock Exchange. In the 2021 Forbes Global 2000, OMV Group was ranked as the 413th largest public company in the world.
Malcolm Molyneux
Malcolm Edward Molyneux (20 November 1943 - 16 November 2021) was a British professor tropical medical researcher who specialised in malaria, especially cerebral malaria. He spent much of his career in Malawi, and was partially responsible for the establishment of the University of Malawi College of Medicine. He and other researchers developed the Blantyre coma scale, a scale to assess the severity of comas induced by malaria in children. For his work in the field, he was elected a fellow of the Academy of Medical Sciences in 1998 and appointed an OBE in 2006.

During his career he worked at the Queen Elizabeth Central Hospital in Blantyre, Malawi, and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine in Liverpool, England, where he was given the title of Emeritus Professor of Tropical Medicine. He also worked as an editor for Malawi Medical Journal and Tropical Doctor.

Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine
The Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine (LSTM) is a post-graduate teaching and research institution based in Liverpool, England, established in 1898. It was the first institution in the world dedicated to the study of tropical medicine. LSTM conducts research in areas such as malaria and insect-borne diseases and operates as a higher education institution with degree-awarding powers.

LSTM is also a registered charity, with a research portfolio exceeding £220 million, supported by funding from organizations such as the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and the Wellcome Trust. In partnership with the University of Liverpool, LSTM co-founded the Centre of Excellence in Infectious Diseases Research (CEIDR), which focuses on improving global healthcare and medical technologies.
George Springer (mathematician)
George Springer (September 3, 1924 – February 18, 2019) was an American mathematician and computer scientist. He was professor emeritus of computer science at Indiana University Bloomington.

Springer is perhaps best known as the coauthor with Daniel P. Friedman of the widely used textbook Scheme and the Art of Computer Programming. Scheme is one of the two main dialects of LISP. Three of the pioneering books for Scheme are The Scheme Programming Language (1982) by R. Kent Dybvig, Structure and Interpretation of Computer Programs (1985) by Harold Abelson and Gerald Jay Sussman with Julie Sussman, and Scheme and the Art of Computer Programming (1989) by Springer and Friedman.

R. Kent Dybvig
R. Kent Dybvig is a professor emeritus of computer science at Indiana University Bloomington, in Bloomington, Indiana. His research focuses on programming languages, and he is the principal developer of the optimizing Chez Scheme compiler and runtime system which were initially released in 1985. Together with Daniel P. Friedman, he has long advocated the use of the Scheme language in teaching computer science. He retired from Indiana University to join Cisco in 2011.

For his contributions to both the practical and theoretical aspects of computing and information technology, in particular his design and development of Chez Scheme, the Association for Computing Machinery named Dybvig a Distinguished Member in 2006, the first year the association awarded distinguished ranks.
Phi meson
In particle physics, the phi meson or ϕ meson is a vector meson formed of a strange quark and a strange antiquark. It was the ϕ meson's unexpected propensity to decay into K0 and K0 that led to the discovery of the OZI rule. It has a mass of 1019.461±0.020 MeV/c2 and a mean lifetime of  1.55±0.01 × 10−22 s .

Second
The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into hours, then into minutes, and lastly into seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86,400 seconds per day. The definition that is based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the earth is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system.

The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:

The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the caesium 133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit Hz, which is equal to s−1.

This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.
Music Show
Music Show (foaled 18 April 2007) is an Irish-bred British-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare, who was rated one of the best fillies of her generation in the world in 2010. She showed great promise as a two-year-old in 2009, when she won three of her four races including the Group Two Rockfel. In the following year, she performed consistently in the highest class, winning the Nell Gwyn Stakes and the Falmouth Stakes, as well as finishing second in the Prix Rothschild, third in the Irish 1000 Guineas and Matron Stakes and fourth in the Coronation Stakes and Sun Chariot Stakes. In the following year, she failed to reproduce her best form and was well-beaten in all five of her starts.

Irish 1,000 Guineas
The Irish 1,000 Guineas is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to three-year-old thoroughbred fillies. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile (1,609 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.
Deborah Leckband
Deborah E. Leckband (born May 30, 1959) is an American chemist who is the Reid T. Milner Professor of Chemical Sciences and professor of chemistry at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. She works on biomaterials, tissue engineering and the nano mechanics of biomolecules. She is a Fellow of the American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering, the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Biomedical Engineering Society and the American Chemical Society.

American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering
The American Institute for Medical and Biological Engineering (AIMBE) is a non-profit organization founded in 1991, and headquartered in Washington, D.C. It represents 50,000 medical and biomedical engineers, and academic institutions, private industry, and professional engineering societies.
Grihapravesh (2025 film)
Grihapravesh is a 2025 Indian Bengali-language family romantic drama film written and directed by Indraadip Dasgupta. It is produced by Sameeran Das under the banner of Kaleidoscope. Dasgupta also composed the music and wrote the screenplay, story, and dialogues.

The film stars Kaushik Ganguly, Subhashree Ganguly, and Jeetu Kamal in the lead roles. Pratip Mukhopadhyay handled the cinematography, while editing was done by Sujay Dutta Ray.

Kaushik Ganguly
Kaushik Ganguly (born 4 August 1968)  is an Indian film director, screenwriter and actor in Bengali cinema. He has received several awards including six National Film Awards and four Filmfare Awards Bangla. Kaushik Ganguly is known for making films that explore various aspects sexuality, like Ushnatar Janye (2003), which deals with a lesbian relationship, and Arekti Premer Golpo (2010), which examines transgender identity & Nagarkirtan (2017), an LGBTQ Movie. In 2019, Film Companion ranked Ridhi Sen's performance in Nagarkirtan which was directed by Ganguly, among 100 Greatest Performances of the decade.
No Escape (2020 film)
No Escape, internationally known as Follow Me, is a 2020 American adventure horror mystery film written and directed by Will Wernick and starring Keegan Allen, Holland Roden, Denzel Whitaker, Ronen Rubinstein, Pasha D. Lychnikoff, George Janko and Siya.

Siya
Michele Andrea Sherman, better known by her stage name Siya, is an American rapper. In 2012, she signed with Tank's R&B Money label imprint. She starred in the Oxygen reality TV series Sisterhood of Hip Hop. Siya has collaborated with artists such as Chris Brown, Sage the Gemini and Kirko Bangz. Siya has performed alongside artists such as Wyclef Jean at the world famous B.B. Kings, as well as opened up for Fat Joe and Fabolous during a concert at Nassau Coliseum in Long Island, New York.  Currently starring in the BET Plus show Angel.
Trunk neural crest
The trunk neural crest or truncal neural crest is one of the regions of neural crest in the embryo.

The trunk neural crest lies between the vagal and sacral neural crest and gives rise to two groups of cells. One group migrates dorsolateral and populates the skin, forming pigment cells and the other migrates ventrolateral through the anterior sclerotome to become the epinephrine-producing cells of the adrenal gland and the neurons of the sympathetic nervous system. Some cells remain in the sclerotome to form the dorsal root ganglia

Other Migration Locations:
Proximal to the spinal cord and line up symmetrically to form the dorsal root ganglia.
Into the skin to form melanocytes.
Chromaffin cells of the adrenal medulla.
Near the vertebral column and become sympathetic chain ganglia.

Differentiation involves BMP/noggin.

Dorsal root ganglion
A dorsal root ganglion (or spinal ganglion; also known as a posterior root ganglion) is a cluster of neurons (a ganglion) in a dorsal root of a spinal nerve. The cell bodies of sensory neurons, known as first-order neurons, are located in the dorsal root ganglia.

The axons of dorsal root ganglion neurons are known as afferents. In the peripheral nervous system, afferents refer to the axons that relay sensory information into the central nervous system (i.e., the brain and the spinal cord).
Diego Schalper
Diego Ignacio Schalper Sepúlveda (born 14 March 1985) is a Chilean political scientist and politician currently serving as a deputy in the National Congress of Chile.

He holds a degree in political science from the Pontifical Catholic University of Chile and later pursued graduate studies in Germany, obtaining a Master’s degree from the University of Göttingen and completing doctoral coursework at the University of Heidelberg.

A member of the National Renewal party, Schalper emerged as a leading voice within the centrist and liberal-conservative factions. He has stood out for his staunch defense of institutionalism and his role as one of the principal defenders of President Sebastián Piñera during the 2019–2020 Chilean protests.

Known for his articulate interventions in Congress and media presence, Schalper has also led RN’s internal debate around youth renewal and ideological clarity.

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile
The Pontifical Catholic University of Chile (UC Chile; Spanish: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile) is a traditional private university based in Santiago, Chile. It is one of the thirteen Catholic universities existing in the Chilean university system and one of the two pontifical universities in the country, along with the Pontifical Catholic University of Valparaíso. Founded in 1888, it is one of Chile's oldest universities. It is ranked among the top universities in Latin America (2nd in the region and 93rd in the world as per QS Ranking 2025).

Pontifical Catholic University of Chile has a strong and long-standing rivalry with the University of Chile, as they are both widely recognized as the most traditional and prestigious in the country, and one is Catholic and the other, secular. This rivalry also translates to sports, especially football.
Mark Warschauer
Mark Warschauer (born abt 1954) is an academic and author. Warschauer is a professor of education and informatics at the University of California, Irvine, where is also the director of the Ph.D. in Education program and founding director of the Digital Learning Lab. He is the author or editor of eight books and more than 100 scholarly papers on topics related to technology use for language and literacy development, education, and social inclusion. Warschauer's books have been translated into Chinese, Japanese, and Portuguese and have been critically acclaimed in fields as diverse as education, media studies, cultural studies, communication, sociology, and information studies. Warschauer has been a keynote speaker at conferences in education and applied linguistics throughout the world.

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.
Starlet (film)
Starlet is a 2012 American independent drama film directed, edited, and co-produced by Sean Baker, who co-wrote the screenplay with Chris Bergoch. It explores the unlikely friendship that blossoms between a 21-year-old woman (Dree Hemingway) and an 85-year-old woman (Besedka Johnson) when their lives intersect in the San Fernando Valley.

Starlet premiered at the South by Southwest Film Festival on March 11, 2012. It received praise from critics and viewers, winning the Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award for Best Ensemble Cast whilst Johnson received Special Jury Recognition at the South by Southwest Film Festival. The film grossed $146,222 at the box office. It marks the first and only acting role for Johnson, who died one year after its release at the age of 87.

Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award
The Independent Spirit Robert Altman Award is presented to the ensemble cast, director and casting director of a film by the Film Independent, a non-profit organization dedicated to independent film and independent filmmakers. It is named after director, screenwriter, and producer Robert Altman, who is considered a "maverick" in naturalistic films.

The award was created as a tribute after his death during the 2007 ceremony. The following year, it became a competitive category where a movie wins directly, without any nominees. The winner was I'm Not There. Two of its recipients, Marcus Carl Franklin and Cate Blanchett, were nominated for Best Supporting Male and Best Supporting Female, respectively (the latter won). The year after that, the rules changed so that the actors that win this award won't be eligible for the individual acting categories.
Robert Mandan
Robert Mandan (February 2, 1932 – April 29, 2018) was an American actor, best known for his roles as Sam Reynolds on Search for Tomorrow (1965–1970), Chester Tate, the philandering businessman husband of Jessica Tate (Katherine Helmond) on the satirical sitcom Soap (1977–1981) and James Bradford on the short lived Three's Company spin off Three's A Crowd (1984–1985) that lasted for one season.

Search for Tomorrow
Search for Tomorrow is an American television soap opera. It began its run on CBS on September 3, 1951, and concluded on NBC, 35 years later, on December 26, 1986.

Set in the fictional town of Henderson in an unspecified state, the show focused primarily on the character of Joanne "Jo" Gardner, portrayed by Mary Stuart for the entire run of the series.