hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transfer credit
Transfer credit, credit transfer, and advanced standing are the terms used by colleges and universities for the procedure of granting credit to a student for educational experiences or courses undertaken at another institution. This is a subset of recognition of prior learning (which also includes prior work or non-institutional experience for credit).

"Advanced standing" is also used to describe the status of a student granted credit, as distinct from normal course entrants who commence the stream of study at the beginning.

Course equivalency
Course equivalency is the term used in higher education describing how a course offered by one college or university relates to a course offered by another. If a course at one institution is viewed as equal or more challenging in subject and course material than a course offered at another institution, the first course can be noted as an equivalent course of the second one. A course equivalency can be unilateral, meaning it is deemed equivalent by the institution where a petitioner hopes to get credit for a course taken elsewhere. Or, it could be bilateral, meaning both institutions acknowledge their acceptance of each other's course as equivalent. The methods and measures used to determine course equivalency vary by institution, state, region and country.
Richard Marcone
Richard Gabriel Marcone (born 21 January 1993) is an Italian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Serie C Group C club Picerno.

Marcone received Italy youth national team call-up in 2013.

Serie C
The Serie C (Italian pronunciation: [ˈsɛːrje ˈtʃi]), officially known as Serie C Sky Wifi for sponsorship purposes, is the third-highest division in the Italian football league system after the Serie B and Serie A. The Lega Italiana Calcio Professionistico (Lega Pro) is the governing body that operates the Serie C.

The unification of the Lega Pro Prima Divisione and the Lega Pro Seconda Divisione as Lega Pro Divisione Unica (often also abbreviated as Lega Pro) in 2014 reintroduced the format of the original Serie C that existed between 1935 and 1978 (before the split into Serie C1 and Serie C2). In May 2017, the Lega Pro assembly unanimously approved renaming the competition to its original name, Serie C.
Frisian Blood
Frisian Blood (German: Friesenblut) is a 1925 German silent film directed by Fred Sauer and starring Jenny Jugo, Gustav Fröhlich and Hans Adalbert Schlettow.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Willi Herrmann.

Gustav Fröhlich
Gustav Friedrich Fröhlich (21 March 1902 – 22 December 1987) was a German actor and film director. He landed secondary roles in a number of films and plays before landing his breakthrough role of Freder Fredersen in Fritz Lang's 1927 film Metropolis. He remained a popular film star in Germany until the 1950s.
KK Borac Čačak
Košarkaški klub Borac Čačak (Serbian Cyrillic: Кошаркашки клуб Борац Чачак), commonly referred to as KK Borac Čačak  or as Borac Mozzart due to sponsorship reasons, is a men's professional basketball club based in Čačak, Serbia. The club plays in the Adriatic League and the Basketball League of Serbia. Their home arena is the Borac Hall.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
TACI-CRD2 protein domain
In molecular biology, TACI-CRD2 represents the second cysteine-rich protein domain found in the TACI family of proteins. Members of this family are predominantly found in tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily, member 13b (TACI), and are required for binding to the ligands APRIL and BAFF. TACI-CRD2 stands for Transmembrane Activator and CAML Interactor- Cysteine Rich Domain 2.

Cysteine
Cysteine (/ˈsɪstɪiːn/; symbol Cys or C) is a semiessential proteinogenic amino acid with the formula HS−CH2−CH(NH2)−COOH. The thiol side chain in cysteine enables the formation of disulfide bonds, and often participates in enzymatic reactions as a nucleophile. Cysteine is chiral, but both D and L-cysteine are found in nature. L‑Cysteine is a protein monomer in all biota, and D-cysteine acts as a signaling molecule in mammalian nervous systems. Cysteine is named after its discovery in urine, which comes from the urinary bladder or cyst, from Greek κύστις kýstis, "bladder".

The thiol is susceptible to oxidation to give the disulfide derivative cystine, which serves an important structural role in many proteins. In this case, the symbol Cyx is sometimes used. The deprotonated form can generally be described by the symbol Cym as well.

When used as a food additive, cysteine has the E number E920.

Cysteine is encoded by the codons UGU and UGC.
Old Al Hitmi
Old Al Hitmi (Arabic: الهتمي العتيق, romanized: Al-Hitmī al-'Tīq; also known as Al-Hitmi Al-Ateeq or simply Al Hitmi) is a mixed-use district in Qatar, located in the municipality of Doha. The name is derived from Al-Hitmi family, which is a branch of the main Al Bin Ali tribe. Together with Al Rufaa, the district forms Zone 17, which has a population of 6,028.

Al Bin Ali
Al Bin Ali (Arabic: آل بن علي) is a Sunni Arab sub-tribal confederation based in the Arab states, especially Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, the UAE, and the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.

The Al bin Ali Al Utbi Tribe is a descendant of the original Utub tribe which conquered Bahrain. The vast majority of members of the Al Bin Ali clan stem either from the Bani Sulaim or Al-Maadeed tribes.

They had a strong positive economic effect on Persian Gulf nations such as Bahrain and Qatar. Many textbooks and poems were written about Al Bin Ali Tribe. Their castles and ships are historical landmarks. The Al Bin Ali had practically independent status in Bahrain and Qatar as a self-governing tribe. They used a flag with four red and three white stripes with seven triangles facing the west, called the Al-Sulami flag in Bahrain, Qatar, Kuwait, and the Eastern Province of Saudi Arabia.
Pore space in soil
The pore space of soil contains the liquid and gas phases of soil, i.e., everything but the solid phase that contains mainly minerals of varying sizes as well as organic compounds.

In order to understand porosity better a series of equations have been used to express the quantitative interactions between the three phases of soil.

Macropores or fractures play a major role in infiltration rates in many soils as well as preferential flow patterns, hydraulic conductivity and evapotranspiration. Cracks are also very influential in gas exchange, influencing respiration within soils. Modeling cracks therefore helps understand how these processes work and what the effects of changes in soil cracking such as compaction, can have on these processes.

The pore space of soil is the habitat of plant roots (rhizosphere), soil fauna and microorganisms, and in turn growing plant roots and burrowing soil animals affect it by creating networks of interconnected pores.

Infiltration (hydrology)
Infiltration is the process by which water on the ground surface enters the soil. It is commonly used in both hydrology and soil sciences. The infiltration capacity is defined as the maximum rate of infiltration. It is most often measured in meters per day but can also be measured in other units of distance over time if necessary.  The infiltration capacity decreases as the soil moisture content of soils surface layers increases. If the precipitation rate exceeds the infiltration rate, runoff will usually occur unless there is some physical barrier.

Infiltrometers, parameters and rainfall simulators are all devices that can be used to measure infiltration rates.

Infiltration is caused by multiple factors including; gravity, capillary forces, absorption, and osmosis. Many soil characteristics can also play a role in determining the rate at which infiltration occurs. When it rains, excess water can drain through the soil at macropores.
Skiing Cochrans
The Skiing Cochrans are a family of American alpine ski racers from Richmond, Vermont, a dominant force on the U.S. Ski Team in the late 1960s and early 1970s,  and again in 2000s, 2010s and at present (2020s).

In 1961, parents Mickey and Ginny Cochran built a small ski area on their hillside property along the Winooski River in rural Vermont, the Cochrans' ski hill, where they trained their four children to be world-class ski racers.  All four - Bob, Barbara Ann, Marilyn and Lindy - represented the U.S. in the Winter Olympics, with Barbara Ann winning the gold medal in slalom at the 1972 Winter Olympics in Sapporo, Japan.  The next generation of Cochrans has continued the racing tradition, placing six family members on the U.S. Ski Team, while Cochran's Ski Area has grown into a local winter recreation area with three lifts and eight slopes attracting families from around Vermont.

Slalom skiing
Slalom is an alpine skiing and alpine snowboarding discipline, involving skiing between poles or gates. These are spaced more closely than those in giant slalom, super giant slalom and downhill, necessitating quicker and shorter turns.  Internationally, the sport is contested at the FIS Alpine World Ski Championships, and at the Olympic Winter Games.
5th Signal Command (United States)
The 5th Signal Command (Theater) ("Dragon Warriors") was a European-based tactical and strategic communications organization of the United States Army specializing in command and control which supported theater-limited, joint-forces, and combined forces activities. The command's mission was to build, operate and defend network capabilities to enable mission command and create tactical, operational and strategic flexibility for Army, Joint and Multinational forces in the EUCOM and AFRICOM areas of responsibility.

Army Network Enterprise Technology Command
United States Army Network Enterprise Technology Command (NETCOM) is a US Military unit subordinate to United States Army Cyber Command. NETCOM's mission is to operate and defend the computer networks of the United States Army. The numerical command for NETCOM was 9th Army Signal Command, though this distinction was removed on 1 October 2011. Its heritage can be traced back to the creation of the 9th Service Company in 1918. The command headquarters is at Fort Huachuca, Arizona. Major General Jacqueline D. McPhail assumed command of NETCOM in August 2024.
James L. Kauffman
James Laurence Kauffman (18 April 1887 – 21 October 1963) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Navy with the rank of vice admiral. He distinguished himself as commanding officer of destroyer USS Jenkins (DD-42) during World War I and received the Navy Cross, the United States second-highest decoration awarded for valor in combat.

Kauffman rose to flag rank during World War II and held several important assignments in both European and Pacific theaters. He retired as Commandant Fourth Naval District with headquarters in Philadelphia in 1949. His son, Draper Kauffman, also served in the Navy and retired as rear admiral in the 1970s. They were both the namesakes of USS Kauffman (FFG-59).

Vice admiral (United States)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is a three-star commissioned officer rank in the United States Navy, the United States Coast Guard, the United States Public Health Service Commissioned Corps, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps, and the United States Maritime Service, with the pay grade of O-9. Vice admiral ranks above rear admiral and below admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of lieutenant general in the other uniformed services.
Project Management Body of Knowledge
The Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK) is a set of standard terminology and guidelines (a body of knowledge) for project management. The body of knowledge evolves over time and is presented in A Guide to the Project Management Body of Knowledge (PMBOK Guide), a book whose eighth edition was released in 2025. This document results from work overseen by the Project Management Institute (PMI), which offers the CAPM and PMP certifications.

Much of the PMBOK Guide is unique to project management such as critical path method and work breakdown structure (WBS). The PMBOK Guide also overlaps with general management regarding planning, organising, staffing, executing and controlling the operations of an organisation. Other management disciplines which overlap with the PMBOK Guide include financial forecasting, organisational behaviour, management science, budgeting and other planning methods.

Critical path method
The critical path method (CPM), or critical path analysis (CPA), is an algorithm for scheduling a set of project activities. A critical path is determined by identifying the longest stretch of dependent activities and measuring the time required to complete them from start to finish. It is commonly used in conjunction with the program evaluation and review technique (PERT).
Count Bobby, The Terror of The Wild West
Count Bobby, The Terror of The Wild West (German: Graf Bobby, der Schrecken des wilden Westens) is a 1966 Austrian musical comedy film directed by Paul Martin and starring Peter Alexander, Olga Schoberová and Gunther Philipp. It was the last in a trilogy of films featuring the character Count Bobby. It drew some inspiration from the ongoing series of Karl May film adaptations set in the Wild West.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Fritz Jüptner-Jonstorff. It was shot at studios in Belgrade, and on location around Yugoslavia which stood in for the American west as it frequently did in German films of the decade.

Peter Alexander (Austrian performer)
Peter Alexander Ferdinand Maximilian Neumayer (30 June 1926 – 12 February 2011), commonly known as Peter Alexander, was an Austrian actor, singer and one of the most popular entertainers in the German-language world between the 1950s and his retirement. His fame emerged in the 1950s and 1960s through popular film comedies and successful recordings, predominantly of Schlager and operetta repertory. Later, Alexander established himself as the acclaimed host of television shows. His career as a live singer touring the German language countries lasted until 1991, while he continued his television work until 1996.
H. M. Hoover
Helen Mary Hoover (April 5, 1935 – August 22, 2018) was an American children's writer.

Most of her science fiction is for older children and often features friendships between those of different generations. Her 1996 novel The Winds of Mars tied for the Golden Duck Awards' Hal Clement division for young adult literature.

Hoover lived for many years in Virginia. She died of cancer, aged 83, in Locust Grove, Virginia, on August 22, 2018.

Hal Clement
Harry Clement Stubbs (May 30, 1922 – October 29, 2003), better known by the pen name Hal Clement, was an American science fiction writer and a leader of the hard science fiction subgenre. He also painted astronomically oriented artworks under the name George Richard.

In 1998, Clement was inducted into the Science Fiction and Fantasy Hall of Fame. He was named the 17th SFWA Grand Master by the Science Fiction and Fantasy Writers of America in 1999.
Renée Felice Smith
Renée Felice Smith (born January 16, 1985) is an American actress, director, and producer best known for her lead role as Nell Jones on the CBS military action drama series NCIS: Los Angeles (2010–19). Smith made her first appearance during its second season and remained a series regular until its twelfth season, but returned for a guest appearance in the series finale. She is also known for her role as Missy in the psychological drama film Detachment (2011).

Detachment (film)
Detachment is a 2011 American psychological drama film directed by Tony Kaye and written by Carl Lund. Its story follows Henry Barthes, a high-school substitute teacher who becomes a role model to his students and others. It stars Adrien Brody, Marcia Gay Harden, Christina Hendricks, William Petersen, Bryan Cranston, Tim Blake Nelson, Betty Kaye, Sami Gayle, Lucy Liu, Blythe Danner and James Caan.

Produced by Greg Shapiro, Carl Lund, Bingo Gubelmann, Austin Stark, Benji Kohn, and Chris Papavasiliou, the film was released on March 16, 2012, to mixed reviews.
Football in Timor-Leste
The sport of football in the country of Timor-Leste is run by the Federação de Futebol de Timor-Leste. The association administers the national football team as well as the former national league system the Super Liga. The current top league competition is the Liga Futebol Amadora, containing 21 teams in total. This consists of a two division system, with the Primeira Divisaun as the top division in the nation followed by the Segunda Divisaun. The current annual national cup competition is the Taça 12 de Novembro. Association football (soccer) is the most popular sport in the country.

Liga Futebol Timor-Leste Primeira Divisão
Liga Futebol Timor-Leste Primeira Divisão (often referred to as the Primeira Divisão) is the men's top level professional football competition of Timor Leste in the Timorense football league system. It forms part of the Liga Futebol Timor-Leste league system.
El Condor Pasa (horse)
El Condor Pasa (Japanese: エルコンドルパサー, March 17, 1995 – July 16, 2002)  was an American-bred, Japanese-trained Thoroughbred racehorse and breeding stallion. He won eight of his eleven races, coming second in the other three. In 1998 he won the NHK Mile Cup and the Japan Cup. In the following year he was campaigned in Europe where he placed second at the Prix d'Ispahan and then won the Grand Prix de Saint-Cloud and the Prix Foy before finishing second in the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. After his tour in France, he retired at the end of 1999. He was retired to stud starting in 2000, but died after three seasons following unsuccessful colic surgery. During his time as a stud, he sired major winners Vermilion, Alondite, and Song of Wind. El Condor Pasa has been described as the best Japanese racehorse of the 20th century, holding the highest Timeform by a Japanese flat racing thoroughbred until Equinox matched it over 20 years later.

Prix d'Ispahan
The Prix d'Ispahan is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,850 metres (about 1 mile and 1¼ furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in May.
Hofmann–Martius rearrangement
The Hofmann–Martius rearrangement in organic chemistry is a rearrangement reaction converting an N-alkylated aniline to the corresponding ortho and / or para aryl-alkylated aniline. The reaction requires heat, and the catalyst is an acid like hydrochloric acid.

When the catalyst is a metal halide the reaction is also called the Reilly–Hickinbottom rearrangement (named after Wilfred Hickinbottom and Joseph Reilly).

The reaction is also known to work for aryl ethers and two conceptually related reactions are the Fries rearrangement and the Fischer–Hepp rearrangement. Its reaction mechanism centers around dissociation of the reactant with the positively charged organic residue R  attacking the aniline ring in a Friedel–Crafts alkylation.

In one study this rearrangement was applied to a 3-N(CH3)(C6H5)-2-oxindole:

The reaction is named after German chemists August Wilhelm von Hofmann and Carl Alexander von Martius.

Friedel–Crafts reaction
The Friedel–Crafts reactions are a set of reactions developed by Charles Friedel and James Crafts in 1877 to attach substituents to an aromatic ring. Friedel–Crafts reactions are of two main types: alkylation reactions and acylation reactions. Both proceed by electrophilic aromatic substitution.
The Keeping Room
The Keeping Room is a 2014 American Western film directed by Daniel Barber and written by Julia Hart. The film stars Brit Marling, Hailee Steinfeld, Muna Otaru, Sam Worthington, Amy Nuttall, and Ned Dennehy. It was screened in the Special Presentations section of the 2014 Toronto International Film Festival. The film was given a limited release in the United States on September 25, 2015, by Drafthouse Films. The film was made available on Netflix US on May 4, 2016.

Ned Dennehy
Ned Dennehy (born 8 December 1965) is an Irish actor in films and television. His credits include The Mystic Knights of Tir Na Nog (1998), Blitz (2011), Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1, Downhill (2014), Luther, Banished, Dickensian, Peaky Blinders (2017), Versailles, Broken, Outlander, and Shōgun (2024).
Yuke-Tepe
Yuke-Tepe, Yuki-Tepe, height 1025 (Ukrainian: Юки-Тепе; Crimean Tatar: Yüke Töpe, Юке Тёпе), is a mountain of the main range of the Crimean Mountains, the southwestern part of the Orta Syrt yaila. It is located in the Simferopol Raion. It has a dome-shaped, deciduous forest-covered summit, with a height of 1025 metres. During the World War II here several formations of Crimean resistance during World War II were based, and hard battles were fought. At the top, searchers built many memorial signs to commemorate the partisans.

Simferopol Raion
Simferopol Raion (Ukrainian: Сімферопольський район, Russian: Симферопольский район, Crimean Tatar: Aqmescit rayonı) is one of the 25 regions of the Crimean peninsula, administered by Russia, but considered by many countries as part of Ukraine. The administrative center of the raion is the city of Simferopol which is incorporated as a town of republican significance and is not a part of the district. The Simferopol Raion is situated in the central part of the peninsula. Population: 152,091 (2014 Census).
Dunton Hot Springs
Dunton Hot Springs is a geothermal mineral spring located at an elevation of 8,921 feet (2,719 m) in the San Juan Mountains of Dolores County, Colorado, United States. The springs lie 35 miles (56 km) northeast of Cortez, and 25 miles (40 km) southwest of Telluride.

The unincorporated community of Dunton, Colorado, is a group of log buildings that lie on the West Fork of the Dolores River 530 feet (160 m) northwest of the springs.

Dolores River
The Dolores River is a tributary of the Colorado River, approximately 241 miles (388 km) long, in the U.S. states of Colorado and Utah. The river drains a rugged and arid region of the Colorado Plateau west of the San Juan Mountains. Its name derives from the Spanish El Rio de Nuestra Señora de Dolores, River of Our Lady of Sorrows. The river was explored and possibly named by Juan Maria Antonio Rivera during a 1765 expedition from Santa Fe.

The mean annual flow of the Dolores prior to damming was approximately 1,200 cu ft/s (34 m3/s), but due to diversions it has been reduced to about 600 cu ft/s (17 m3/s).
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 37
ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 37 Biometrics is a standardization subcommittee in the Joint Technical Committee ISO/IEC JTC 1 of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC), which develops and facilitates standards within the field of biometrics. The international secretariat of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 37 is the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), located in the United States.

ISO/IEC JTC 1
ISO/IEC JTC 1, entitled "Information technology", is a joint technical committee (JTC) of the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) and the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC). Its purpose is to develop, maintain and promote standards in the fields of information and communications technology (ICT).

JTC 1 has been responsible for many critical IT standards, ranging from the Joint Photographic Experts Group (JPEG) image formats and Moving Picture Experts Group (MPEG) audio and video formats to the C and C++ programming languages.