hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Muhammad ibn Umar al-Kashshi
Abū ʿAmr Muḥammad ibn ʿUmar ibn ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz al-Kashshī (Arabic: أَبُو عَمْرٍو مُحَمَّدٌ بْنُ عُمَرَ بْنِ عَبْدِ الْعَزِيزِ الْكَشَّيُّ ; Persian: محمد بن عمر بن عبد العزيز كشى ; d. around 951-2), known as al-Kashshi or (in Persian) as Kashshi, was a Persian Twelver Shi'ite scholar specializing in biographical evaluation (ʿilm al-rijāl) and hadith studies. He is the author of the Rijāl al-Kashshī, a major biographical work which ranks as one of the four main sources in the Shi'ite rijāl literature. Al-Kashshi's original work is now lost, but parts of it survive in an abridgement made by Shaykh Tusi (995–1067) called the Ikhtiyār maʿrifat al-rijāl.

Abridgement
An abridgement (or abridgment) is a condensing or reduction of a book or other creative work into a shorter form while maintaining the unity of the source. The abridgement can be true to the original work in terms of mood and tone, capturing the parts the abridging author perceives to be most important; it could  be a complete parody of the original or it could fall anywhere in between, generally capturing the tone and message of the original author but falling short in some manner or subtly twisting their words and message to favor a different interpretation or agenda.

A written work may be abridged to make it more accessible to a wider audience; for example, to make an adaptation of it as an audio book or a television show, to make a more convenient companion to an already-established work or to create a shorter reference version.

Unabridged is the opposite of abridged. A common example is an unabridged dictionary.
Ronny Pasla
Ronny Pasla (15 April 1947 – 24 November 2025) was an Indonesian footballer who played as a goalkeeper. He represented the Indonesia national team from 1967 to 1979.

Pasla is regarded as one of the finest goalkeepers in Indonesia's history. He served as the primary goalkeeper for the national team during the 1970s, succeeding his predecessor, Judo Hadianto. Throughout his tenure with the national team, he contributed to Indonesia's victories in the 1968 King's Cup, 1969 Merdeka Tournament, 1972 Jakarta Anniversary Tournament, and 1972 Pesta Sukan Cup.

Before moving to Persija Jakarta in the latter part of his career, Pasla played for PSMS Medan and helped the team to win the Aga Khan Gold Cup in 1967.

Aga Khan Gold Cup
The Aga Khan Gold Cup was a tournament played in Dhaka, Bangladesh which invited the club sides from leading football nations of Asia to compete. Many renowned football pundits regard this competition as a predecessor of the AFC Champions League (held for the first time in 1967), since it was the first organized international competition that involved club teams around the continent. From the late 1950s to the early 1980s, it was a prestigious tournament among Asian clubs.
Giovanni Battista Cavazza
Giovanni Battista Cavazza was an Italian painter and engraver, who was born at Bologna about the year 1620. He studied under Cavedone and Guido, and painted some pictures for public buildings at Bologna. The church of the Nunziata has frescoes of saints painted by him. He engraved the following plates from his own designs:

The Crucifixion.

The Resurrection.

The Death of St. Joseph.

The Assumption of the Virgin.

Guido Reni
Guido Reni (Italian pronunciation: [ˌɡwiːdo ˈrɛːni]; 4 November 1575 – 18 August 1642) was an Italian Baroque painter, although his works showed a classical manner, similar to Simon Vouet, Nicolas Poussin, and Philippe de Champaigne. He painted primarily religious works, but also mythological and allegorical subjects. Active in Rome, Naples, and his native Bologna, he became the dominant figure in the Bolognese School that emerged under the influence of the Carracci.
Ping Zhang (biologist)
Ping Zhang is an American structural biologist researching the structural and mechanistic basis of multi-component kinase signaling complexes that are linked to human cancers and other diseases, with a long-term goal of developing new therapeutic strategies. She is a NIH Stadtman Investigator in the Structural Biophysics Laboratory at the National Cancer Institute.

Kinase
In biochemistry, a kinase (/ˈkaɪneɪs, ˈkɪneɪs, -eɪz/) is an enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of phosphate groups to substrates. This process is known as phosphorylation.  Typically ATP is the phosphate donor. Kinases are pervasive, the human genome codes for about 500 of these enzymes.

Kinases are part of the larger family of phosphotransferases. Kinases should not be confused with phosphorylases, which catalyze the addition of inorganic phosphate groups to an acceptor, nor with phosphatases, which remove phosphate groups (dephosphorylation). The phosphorylation state of a molecule, whether it be a protein, lipid or carbohydrate, can affect its activity, reactivity and its ability to bind other molecules. Therefore, kinases are critical in metabolism, cell signalling, protein regulation, cellular transport, secretory processes and many other cellular pathways, which makes them very important to physiology.
Mustapha Belkhodja
Mustapha Belkhodja (born 16 April 1938) is a Tunisian former tennis player.

Belkhodja was the boys' singles champion at the 1956 French Championships and had to beat Rod Laver to win the title. In 1961 he reached the men's singles third round of the Wimbledon Championships, defeating two British players en route. He registered career wins over Clark Graebner (in 1962) and John Newcombe (in 1963).

John Newcombe
John David Newcombe AO OBE (born 23 May 1944) is an Australian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 1 in both men's singles and men's doubles. Newcombe won a combined 26 major titles: seven in singles, a former record 17 in men's doubles, and two in mixed doubles. He also contributed to five Davis Cup titles for Australia during an age when the Davis Cup was deemed as significant as the majors.
Eric Meyer (politician)
Eric Meyer (born 1961) is a former member of the Arizona House of Representatives from the 4th legislative district. He previously served in the legislature for four consecutive two-year terms following his first election in 2008 and served as Minority Leader from 2014 until 2016.  Prior to becoming politically active, Meyer was Director of Emergency Medicine at Providence Medical Center in Portland, Oregon.

Medical director
A medical director is a physician who provides guidance and leadership on the use of medicine in a healthcare organization. These include the emergency medical services, hospital departments, blood banks, clinical teaching services, and others. A medical director devises the protocols and guidelines for the clinical staff and evaluates them while they are in use.
Brianiopsis
Brianiopsis is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Xylographaceae. It comprises seven species of crustose lichens. The genus was established in 2022 to accommodate species previously classified in Rimularia and Lambiella that form a distinct evolutionary lineage based on DNA analysis. Species are characterised by thalli composed of rounded, strongly convex segments (areoles) that sometimes develop short stalks, and by the presence of stictic acid-related compounds rather than gyrophoric acid in their tissues.

Rimularia
Rimularia is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Trapeliaceae. Established by the Finnish lichenologist William Nylander in 1868 from specimens collected on granitic rocks in France, the genus comprises 14 accepted species as of 2025. These rock-dwelling lichens form thin, crust-like growths that range from reddish-brown to dark olive-brown in colour and produce small black fruiting bodies with distinctive branched internal structures.
Fenian Cycle
The Fenian Cycle (/ˈfiːniən/), Fianna Cycle or Finn Cycle (Irish: an Fhiannaíocht) is a body of early Irish literature focusing on the exploits of the mythical hero Finn or Fionn mac Cumhaill and his warrior band the Fianna. Sometimes called the Ossianic Cycle /ˌɒʃiˈænɪk/ after its narrator Oisín, it is one of the four groupings of Irish mythology along with the Mythological Cycle, the Ulster Cycle, and the Kings' Cycles. Timewise, the Fenian cycle is the third, between the Ulster and Kings' cycles. The cycle also contains stories about other famous Fianna members, including Diarmuid, Caílte, Oisín's son Oscar, and Fionn's rival Goll mac Morna.

Dindsenchas
Dindsenchas or Dindshenchas (modern spellings: Dinnseanchas or Dinnsheanchas or Dınnṡeanċas), meaning "lore of places" (the modern Irish word dinnseanchas means "topography"), is a class of onomastic text in early Irish literature, recounting the origins of place-names and traditions concerning events and characters associated with the places in question. Since many of the legends being related also concern the acts of mythic and legendary figures, the dindsenchas has been an important source for the study of Irish mythology.
Sabaa Biyar
Al-Sabe' Biyar, also spelled Saba'a Biar, or Sabaa Biyar (Arabic: السبع بيار) is a town in central Syria, administratively part of the Rif Dimashq Governorate, located northeast of Damascus. It is situated in the Syrian Desert, in the Syrian part of the Badia region, along the highway connecting Dumayr in the west to the al-Waleed border crossing with Iraq, with no other localities in its vicinity. It is the administrative center and only locality in the al-Sabe' Biyar nahiyah ("subdistrict"). According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), al-Sabe' Biyar had a population of 395 in the 2004 census.

Syrian desert
The Syrian desert (Arabic: بادية الشام Bādiyat Ash-Shām), also known as the North Arabian desert, the Jordanian steppe, the Syrian steppe, or the Badiya, or Badiyat al-Sham, is a region of desert, semi-desert, and steppe, covering about 500,000 square kilometers (200,000 square miles) of West Asia, including parts of northern Saudi Arabia, eastern Jordan, southern Syria, and western Iraq. It accounts for about 85% of the land area of Jordan and 55% of Syria. To the south, it borders and merges into the Arabian Desert. The land is open, rocky or gravelly desert pavement, cut with occasional wadis, or river valleys, generally dry riverbeds.
Singapore: The Encyclopedia
Singapore: The Encyclopedia is a 640-page encyclopedia about Singapore, covering its history, geography, arts and politics. It is jointly produced by the National Heritage Board and Editions Didier Millet . While the volume is not the first to focus exclusively on Singapore, it is claimed to be the most comprehensive work of its kind. The encyclopedia has 2,560 entries contributed by 231 experts from various fields, as well as 2,400 maps, photographs and illustrations, many of which are published for the first time. The production of the work took 24 months, and was sponsored by 36 organisations who donated S$1.3 million.

President S.R. Nathan launched the encyclopedia at the Istana on 11 September 2006 in conjunction with Singapore 2006. Within two days of the launch, half of the volume's initial print-run of 8,000 copies had been sold, despite costing S$75 each. 70% of the sales were over-the-counter transactions at bookshops; the rest were purchased by companies.

Singapore dollar
The Singapore dollar (sign: S$; code: SGD) is the official currency of the Republic of Singapore. It is divided into 100 cents (Malay: sen, Chinese: 分; pinyin: fēn, Tamil: காசு, romanized: kācu). It is normally abbreviated with the dollar sign $, or S$ to distinguish it from other dollar-denominated currencies. The Monetary Authority of Singapore (MAS) issues the banknotes and coins of the Singapore dollar.

As of 2024, the Singapore dollar is the 13th most traded currency in the world. Apart from its use in Singapore, the Singapore dollar is also accepted as customary tender in Brunei according to the Currency Interchangeability Agreement between the Monetary Authority of Singapore and the Autoriti Monetari Brunei Darussalam (Monetary Authority of Brunei Darussalam). Likewise, the Brunei dollar is also customarily accepted in Singapore.
Dani Díez
Daniel Díez de la Faya (born 17 May 1993) is a Spanish professional basketball player for Longevida San Pablo Burgos of the Spanish Primera FEB. He also represents the Spanish national team in international competition. He was selected by Utah Jazz in the 2015 NBA Draft.

ACB Best Young Player
ACB Best Young Player, previously known as the ACB Rising Star award from 2005 to 2013, is an award for the top-tier professional basketball league in Spain, the Spanish ACB League. The award has been given since the 2004–05 ACB season.

Currently, to be eligible for the award, players must be 22 years old or younger, and must have played in at least half of the league's games during the season, with an average playing time per game of at least 10 minutes. An All-ACB Best Young Players Team is also chosen.
Seth Green Day
"Seth Green Day" is the tenth episode of the fifth season of the American comedy-drama television series Entourage. It is the 64th overall episode of the series and was written by producer Ally Musika, and directed by Ken Whittingham. It originally aired on HBO on November 9, 2008.

The series chronicles the acting career of Vincent Chase, a young A-list movie star, and his childhood friends from Queens, New York City, as they attempt to further their nascent careers in Los Angeles. In the episode, Eric is forced to meet with his nemesis, Seth Green, to help Charlie with a television pilot. Meanwhile, Ari tries to get Barbara to change her mind and get her to hire Andrew in the agency.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 1.83 million household viewers and gained a 1.1 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received generally positive reviews from critics, although some criticized the pacing.

Ally Musika
Ally Musika (born April 26, 1979) is an American writer and executive producer of the HBO television series Entourage. In a documentary entitled Entourage, Season 8 - A Look Back, Doug Ellin said Musika wrote "every other word" of the show "for the last six years". She had begun on the show as Ellin's assistant.

Her acting debut, as the character Lily on Entourage, was in Season 5, Episode 2: “Unlike a Virgin".

In 2010 she was reported to be working on a "femme-themed project" for HBO. In 2015 it was reported she was working with Mark Wahlberg and Stephen Levinson on another HBO show.
Maximum Security (horse)
Maximum Security (foaled May 14, 2016) is a champion American Thoroughbred racehorse who was the 2019 Champion Three-Year-Old after winning the Florida Derby, Haskell Invitational, Bold Ruler Handicap, and Cigar Mile. Maximum Security crossed the finish line first in the 2019 Kentucky Derby, but was disqualified for interference.

As a four-year-old in 2020, he won the inaugural running of the Saudi Cup in January. In 2023 his trainer Jason Servis pleaded guilty to two charges related to the administration of performance-enhancing drugs to his stable and was sentenced to 48 months in prison. Maximum Security was administered a designer drug that was considered undetectable. He was transferred to the barn of Bob Baffert and returned to racing on July 25, when he won the San Diego Handicap, followed by a win in the Pacific Classic.

San Diego Handicap
The San Diego Handicap is an American Thoroughbred horse race held annually in late July/early August at the Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. This Grade II race is open to horses, age three and up, willing to race one and one-sixteenth miles on the dirt. It is considered the track's key prep race for its foremost attraction, the $1-million Pacific Classic Stakes.

Inaugurated in 1937, it was first run on July 3 as part of the first-ever racecard at Del Mar Racetrack. Since inception it has been contested at various distances:

6 furlongs : 1937, 1945, 1946, 1947

1 mile : 1941

1+1⁄8 miles : 1991-1993

1+1⁄16 miles : 1938, 1948–1990, 1994–present

The race was not run in 1939-1940 and from 1942 through 1944.

From 2007 to 2014, the race was run on a Polytrack artificial dirt surface.
3240 Laocoon
3240 Laocoon /leɪˈɒkoʊ.ɒn/ is a carbonaceous Jupiter trojan from the Trojan camp, approximately 51 kilometers (32 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 7 November 1978, by American astronomers Eleanor Helin and Schelte Bus at Palomar Observatory in California. The D-type asteroid belongs to the 100 largest Jupiter trojans and has a rotation period of 11.3 hours. It was named after Laocoön from Greek mythology.

D-type asteroid
D-type asteroids have a very low albedo and a featureless reddish spectrum. It has been suggested that they have a composition of organic-rich silicates, carbon and anhydrous silicates, possibly with water ice in their interiors. D-type asteroids are found in the outer asteroid belt and beyond; examples are 152 Atala, 944 Hidalgo and most Jupiter trojans.  It has been suggested that the Tagish Lake meteorite was a fragment from a D-type asteroid, and that the Martian moon Phobos is closely related.

The Nice model suggests that D-type asteroids may have originated in the Kuiper belt.    46 D-type asteroids are known, including: 3552 Don Quixote, 944 Hidalgo, 624 Hektor, and 10199 Chariklo.
Toirdhealbhach Mór Ó Briain
Toirdhealbhach Mór Ó Briain (born c. 1250, died 1306) was King of Thomond (1276-1306) and the main protagonist of Seán mac Ruaidhri Mac Craith's epic Cathreim Thoirdhealbhaigh describing his struggles against the Norman Thomas de Clare.

Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond
Thomas de Clare, Lord of Thomond (c. 1245 – 29 August 1287) was an Anglo-Norman peer and soldier. He was the second son of Richard de Clare, 6th Earl of Gloucester and his wife Maud de Lacy, Countess of Gloucester. In 1272 he served a term as Lieutenant of the Duchy of Aquitaine. On 26 January 1276 he was granted the Lordship of Thomond by Edward I of England; he spent the next eight years attempting to conquer it from the O'Brien dynasty, kings of Thomond.
Conference USA Men's Soccer Coach of the Year
The Conference USA Men's Soccer Coach of the Year was an annual award given to the best soccer coach in Conference USA during the NCAA Division I men's soccer season. Since its inception, the award has been given to 18 different coaches. Chris Grassie, Tim McClements, Bob Gray, Tom McIntosh, Richie Grant, and Mike Getman have each won the award twice. Schellas Hyndman and John Hackworth have gone on to coach professionally in MLS.

Tom McIntosh (soccer)
Tom McIntosh is the head men's soccer coach at the University of Tulsa. He has coached the team since 1995, and has posted a 167–108–23 career record, making him the school's all-time winningest coach. He has posted ten 10 win seasons, including a school record 16 in 2008. The 2008 squad saw the team reach a school record national ranking of 5. He has led Tulsa to three consecutive Conference USA regular season and tournament titles the past three seasons. He has led the team to the NCAA tournament in three out of the past five seasons. From 1989 to 1991, he was an assistant coach at Tulsa.

He played college soccer at Tulsa himself from 1986 to 1988. In 1989, he played for the Tulsa Renegades.
Smith & Nephew
Smith & Nephew plc, also known as Smith+Nephew, is a British multinational medical equipment manufacturing company headquartered in Watford, England. It is an international producer of advanced wound management products, arthroscopy products, trauma and clinical therapy products, and orthopaedic reconstruction products. Its products are sold in over 100 countries. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.

Spirax Group
Spirax Group plc, formerly Spirax-Sarco Engineering plc, is a British manufacturer of steam management systems and peristaltic pumps and associated fluid path technologies. It is headquartered in Cheltenham, England. It is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 100 Index.
Charles Eastick
Charles Esau Eastick MBE FCS  (29 August 1860 – 8 October 1947) was a British chemist, noted for formulating golden syrup and patenting special methods for making brewers' saccharum and inverted sugar.

Saccharum
Saccharum is a genus of tall perennial plants of the broomsedge tribe within the grass family.

The genus is widespread across tropical, subtropical, and warm temperate regions in Africa, Eurasia, Australia, the Americas, and assorted oceanic islands. Several species are cultivated and naturalized in areas outside their native habitats.

Saccharum includes the sugarcanes. They have stout, jointed, fibrous stalks that are generally rich in sugar, and measure two to six m (6 to 19 ft) tall. All sugarcane species interbreed and the major commercial cultivars are complex hybrids.
My Thang
"My Thang" is a funk song written and recorded by James Brown. Unlike most of his songs, this song was released not as a two-part single, but instead issued with three different B-sides. It spent two weeks at number one on the R&B singles chart - Brown's second #1 in a row, following "The Payback" - and reached No. 29 on the Billboard Hot 100 in July 1974. The song also appeared on Brown's 1974 double album Hell.

The Payback (song)
"The Payback" is a funk song by James Brown, the title track from his 1973 album of the same name. The song's lyrics, originally written by trombonist and bandleader Fred Wesley but heavily revised by Brown himself soon before it was recorded, concern the revenge he plans to take against a man who betrayed him. The song uses a sparse, open arrangement and wah-wah guitar – a relative rarity in Brown's previous funk recordings. Released as a two-part single (featuring a radio announcer at the beginning of part one, DJ copies edited the announcer out) in February 1974, it was the first in an unbroken succession of three singles by Brown to reach #1 on the R&B charts that year – the last chart-toppers of his career. It also peaked at number 26 on the Billboard Hot 100. It was his second, and final, single to be certified gold by the RIAA.
Real Confessions
Real Confessions is a Philippine television drama anthology series broadcast by TV5. Hosted by Cristy Fermin, it aired from November 5, 2011 to February 11, 2012, replacing Sugo Mga Kapatid and was replaced by Super Sine Prime.

It features life stories of ordinary Filipino's, same format as Maalaala Mo Kaya from the rival network on ABS-CBN except of the one-on-one interview of the story holder with Cristy Fermin. It was formerly known as Star Confessions which features life stories of local celebrities. The first episode on November 5, 2011, with the episode "Sulat sa Langit" starring Gelli de Belen and Wendell Ramos.

The show recently won the Best Theme Song Award on the 2011 Asian TV Awards for its themesong Ito Ang Buhay Ko composed by Boy Christopher Ramos.

Maalaala Mo Kaya
Maalaala Mo Kaya (transl. would you remember?, abbreviated as MMK) is a Philippine television drama anthology series broadcast by ABS-CBN and Kapamilya Channel. Hosted by Charo Santos-Concio, its first iteration was aired from May 15, 1991, to December 10, 2022. The show returned for its second iteration on April 24, 2025 as a limited series for iWantTFC (now reverted into iWant) and consists of 13 episodes and on April 26, 2025 on the network's Yes Weekend line up. Its format is a dramatization of real life stories sent in by letter writers. It is the longest running drama anthology series in the Philippines.