hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dinophysis acuta
Dinophysis acuta is a species of flagellated planktons belonging to the genus Dinophysis. It is one of the few unusual photosynthetic protists that acquire plastids from algae by endosymbiosis. By forming massive blooms, particularly in late summer and spring, it causes red tides. It produces toxic substances and the red tides cause widespread infection of seafood, particularly crabs and mussels. When infected animals are consumed, severe diarrhoea occurs. The clinical symptom is called diarrhetic shellfish poisoning. The main chemical toxins were identified in 2006 as okadaic acid and pectenotoxins. They can produce non-fatal or fatal amounts of toxins in their predators, which can become toxic to humans.

Okadaic acid
Okadaic acid, C44H68O13, is a toxin produced by several species of dinoflagellates. It is known to accumulate in both marine sponges and shellfish. One of the primary causes of diarrhetic shellfish poisoning, okadaic acid is a potent inhibitor of specific protein phosphatases, and has a variety of negative effects on cells. A polyketide, polyether derivative of a C38 fatty acid, okadaic acid and other members of its family have illuminated many biological processes both with respect to dinoflagellate polyketide synthesis as well as the role of protein phosphatases in cell growth.
The Cobweb (1955 film)
The Cobweb is a 1955 American Eastmancolor MGM drama film. It was directed by Vincente Minnelli and written by John Paxton with additional dialogue by William Gibson, based on the latter's 1954 novel of the same name. The film stars Richard Widmark, Lauren Bacall, Charles Boyer, and Gloria Grahame.

Richard Widmark
Richard Weedt Widmark (December 26, 1914 – March 24, 2008) was an American film, stage, and television actor and producer.

He was nominated for an Academy Award for his role as the villainous Tommy Udo in his debut film, Kiss of Death (1947), for which he also won the Golden Globe Award for Most Promising Newcomer. Early in his career, Widmark was typecast in similar villainous or anti-hero roles in films noir, but he later branched out into more heroic leading and supporting roles in Westerns, mainstream dramas, and horror films among others.
Tobias Holmen Johansen
Tobias Holmen Johansen (born 29 August 1990) is a retired Norwegian professional footballer who last played as a goalkeeper for Norwegian club Kongsvinger. He joined the club from Manchester City in 2010, where he played together with his younger brother Eirik. Johansen has represented Norway at youth international level.

Kongsvinger IL Toppfotball
Kongsvinger IL Toppfotball is a Norwegian professional football club from the town of Kongsvinger in Innlandet, founded in 1892. Its home ground is Gjemselund Stadion. It is part of sporting association, Kongsvinger IL.
Bana cathedral
Bana (Georgian: ბანა; Armenian: Բանակ, romanized: Banak; Turkish: Penek Kilisesi) is a ruined early medieval cathedral in present-day Erzurum Province, eastern Turkey, in what had formerly been a historical marchland known to Armenians as Tayk and to Georgians as Tao.

It is a large tetraconch design, surrounded by a near-rotunda polygonal ambulatory and marked with a cylindrical drum. Generally believed to have been constructed in the 7th century, based on an 11th-century chronicle it was reconstructed by Adarnase IV of Iberia at some point between 881 and 923. Henceforth, it was used as a royal cathedral by the Bagrationi dynasty until the Ottoman conquest of the area in the 16th century. The former cathedral was converted into a fortress by the Ottoman army during the Crimean War. The monastery was almost completely ruined during the Russo-Turkish war of 1877–78.

Tetraconch
A tetraconch, from the Greek for "four shells", is a building, usually a church or other religious building, with four apses, one in each direction, usually of equal size. The basic ground plan of the building is therefore a Greek cross. They are most common in Byzantine, and related schools such as Armenian and Georgian architecture. It has been argued that they were developed in these areas or Syria, and the issue is a matter of contention between the two nations in the Caucasus.  Apart from churches, the form is suitable for a mausoleum or baptistery. Normally, there will be a higher central dome over the central space.
1990 Temple Mount killings
The 1990 Temple Mount killings,  or the Al Aqsa Massacre, also known as Black Monday, took place in the Al-Aqsa compound on the Temple Mount, Jerusalem at 10:30 am on Monday, October 8, 1990, before Zuhr prayer during the third year of the First Intifada. Following a decision by the Temple Mount Faithful to lay the cornerstone for the Temple, mass riots erupted, In the ensuing clashes, 17 Palestinians died, more than 150 Palestinians were wounded by Israeli security forces, and more than 20 Israeli civilians and police were wounded by Palestinians. United Nations Security Council Resolution 672, which was rejected by Israel, "condemned especially the acts of violence committed by the Israeli security forces" and United Nations Security Council Resolution 673 urged that Israel reconsider its refusal to allow United Nations Secretary-General Javier Pérez de Cuéllar to carry out an investigation.

Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
Javier Felipe Ricardo Pérez de Cuéllar Guerra (/ˈpɛrɛs də ˈkweɪjɑːr/, Spanish: [xaˈβjeɾ ˈpeɾes ðe ˈkweʝaɾ]; 19 January 1920 – 4 March 2020) was a Peruvian diplomat and politician who served as the fifth secretary-general of the United Nations from 1982 to 1991. He later served as prime minister of Peru from 2000 to 2001.

His two terms as secretary-general coincided with the final decade of the Cold War, and he engaged in efforts to address the Iran–Iraq War, the Western Sahara conflict, the Cyprus problem, Namibian independence under the Tripartite Accord, the Soviet withdrawal from Afghanistan, the Gulf War, and the opening of the Croatian War of Independence.

Pérez de Cuéllar was a member of the Club of Madrid, a group of former heads of state and government, and the Inter-American Dialogue.
Bani Khalid Emirate
Bani Khalid Emirate (Arabic: إِمَارَةُ بَنِي خَالِدٍ) or the Emirate of Al Humaid from the Bani Khalid tribe was a state that arose in the eastern region of the Arabian Peninsula in 1669 after Emir Barrak ibn Ghurayr made his capital in Al-Mubarraz, then managed to defeat the Ottoman Empire represented by Lahsa Eyalet and drove them out of the region. The Emirate of Al Humaid ceased to exist in 1796 after the defeat of Barak bin Abdul Mohsen at the hands of the First Saudi State.

Bani Khalid (tribe)
Bani Khalid (Arabic: بني خالد) is an Arab tribal confederation mainly inhabiting the Arabian Peninsula. The tribe ruled southern Iraq, Kuwait, and Eastern Arabia (al-Hasa and al-Qatif) from the 15th century to the 18th century, and again under the protection of the Ottoman Empire during the early 19th century. At its greatest extent, the domain of Bani Khalid extended from Iraq in the north to the borders of Oman in the south, and Bani Khalid wielded political influence by ruling the region of Najd in central Arabia. Most of the tribe's members presently reside in eastern and central Saudi Arabia, while others live in Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, Syria, Palestine, Lebanon and the United Arab Emirates. Bani Khalid has both Shia Muslim and Sunni Muslim members.
Matti Wasama
Matti Wasama (January 14, 1918, in Tampere, Finland – July 10, 1970, in Tampere, Finland) was a former ice hockey Forward who played for Ilves. Matti Wasama was the father of Jarmo Wasama, one of the most promising ice hockey Defenders of his time.

Ilves
Tampereen Ilves, commonly known as Ilves, (pronounced [ˈilʋes]; Finnish for "Lynx") is a Finnish professional ice hockey team based in Tampere. They play in the Liiga at the Nokia Arena.

The colors of Ilves, green, yellow, and black, were taken from what was then the coat of arms of the city of Tampere.
The Garbage Picking Field Goal Kicking Philadelphia Phenomenon
The Garbage Picking Field Goal Kicking Philadelphia Phenomenon (also known simply as The Philadelphia Phenomenon)  is a 1998 American sports comedy-drama television film starring Tony Danza as a garbageman who becomes a player for the Philadelphia Eagles as part of a publicity stunt. It was directed by Tim Kelleher, who co-wrote the teleplay with Greg Fields. Jessica Tuck, Art LaFleur, Jaime Cardriche, Julie Stewart, Gil Filar, Al Ruscio, and Ray Wise also star.

The film was produced by Walt Disney Television and Brillstein/Grey Entertainment, and was filmed in Toronto and Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. It aired on ABC on February 15, 1998, as an episode of The Wonderful World of Disney.

Ray Wise
Raymond Herbert Wise (born August 20, 1947) is an American actor best known for his role as Leland Palmer in Twin Peaks (1990–1991, 2017) and its prequel film Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (1992). He has appeared in films such as Swamp Thing (1982), The Journey of Natty Gann (1985), RoboCop (1987), Bob Roberts (1992), Jeepers Creepers 2 (2003), Dead End (2003), Good Night, and Good Luck (2005), X-Men: First Class (2011) and God's Not Dead 2 (2016).

Wise's other television roles include Vice President Hal Gardner in 24 (2006), The Devil in Reaper (2007–2009), Ian Ward in The Young and the Restless (2014–2016, 2024–2025) and Marvin Ellis in Fresh Off the Boat (2015–2020). He is also known for acting in projects produced by the comedy duo Tim & Eric, most notably his guest-starring role as Grill Vogel in Tim and Eric Awesome Show, Great Job! (2008).
2017 Supercopa de Chile
The 2017 Supercopa de Chile was the fourth edition of this championship organised by the Asociación Nacional de Fútbol Profesional (ANFP).

The match was played between the 2016-17 Primera División Best-Champions Universidad Católica, and the 2016 Copa Chile Winners Colo-Colo.

2016 Copa Chile
The 2016 Copa Chile, (officially known as Copa Chile MTS 2016 because of its sponsorship), was the 37th edition of the Copa Chile, the country's national cup tournament. The competition started on 8 July 2016 with the First Round and ended on 14 December 2016 with the Final. Colo-Colo were the winners after beating Everton 4–0 in the final, and qualified for the 2017 Copa Libertadores and the 2017 Supercopa de Chile. As the runners-up, Everton qualified for the 2017 Copa Sudamericana.
George Delaval
Vice-Admiral George Delaval (c. 1667 – 22 June 1723) was a Royal Navy officer, diplomat and Whig politician who served as the British ambassador to Portugal from 1710 to 1714. He also represented West Looe in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1715 to 1723.

West Looe (UK Parliament constituency)
West Looe, often spelt Westlow or alternative Westlowe, in Cornwall, England, was a rotten borough represented in the House of Commons of England from 1535 to 1707, in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800, and in the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It elected two Members of Parliament (MP) by the bloc vote system of election. It was disfranchised in the Reform Act 1832.
Dinas Rhondda railway station
Dinas Rhondda railway station is a railway station serving the Dinas, Penygraig and Trealaw districts of Tonypandy, Wales. It is located on the Rhondda Line.

The station has two platforms with one small station shelter and is accessible by a small connector road. There was evidence of a previous platform, which originally served North bound trains to Treherbert, but this was left abandoned after rationalisation in 1982, which saw the removal of the northbound line. However, this platform was rebuilt and re-instated in 2024 as part of the South Wales Metro upgrades. It has a car park, even though it is one of the smaller stations on the line.

Rhondda line
The Rhondda line, also known as the Treherbert line, is a commuter railway line in South Wales from Cardiff to Treherbert. The line follows the Merthyr line as far as Pontypridd, where it then diverges to continue along the Rhondda Valley.
Innermost stable circular orbit
The innermost stable circular orbit (often called the ISCO) is the smallest marginally stable circular orbit in which a test particle can stably orbit a massive object in general relativity. The location of the ISCO, the ISCO-radius (), depends on the mass and angular momentum (spin) of the central object. The ISCO plays an important role in black hole accretion disks since it marks the inner edge of the disk.

The ISCO should not be confused with the Roche limit, the innermost point where a physical object can orbit before tidal forces break it up. The ISCO is concerned with theoretical test particles, not real objects. In general terms, the ISCO will be far closer to the central object than the Roche limit.

Kerr metric
The Kerr metric or Kerr geometry describes the geometry of empty spacetime around a rotating uncharged axially symmetric black hole with a quasispherical event horizon. The Kerr metric is an exact solution of the Einstein field equations of general relativity; these equations are highly non-linear, which makes exact solutions very difficult to find.
Pisgah National Forest
Pisgah National Forest is a National Forest in the Appalachian Mountains of western North Carolina. It is administered by the United States Forest Service, part of the United States Department of Agriculture. The Pisgah National Forest is completely contained within the state of North Carolina. The forest is managed together with the other three North Carolina National Forests (Croatan, Nantahala, and Uwharrie) from common headquarters in Asheville, North Carolina. There are local ranger district offices located in Pisgah Forest, Mars Hill, and Nebo.

Mars Hill, North Carolina
Mars Hill is a town in Madison County, North Carolina, United States. The population was 2,007 at the 2020 census, up from 1,869 in 2010. It is the home of Mars Hill University. The town is in western North Carolina, north of Asheville, and is served by Interstate 26. It is part of the Asheville Metropolitan Statistical Area.
James W. Fraser
James Walter Fraser is an American educationalist, pastor, and academic administrator. He is a professor of history and education and chair of the applied statistics, social science, and humanities department at the Steinhardt School of Culture, Education, and Human Development. Fraser is dean of education at the University of the People. He is a past president of the History of Education Society. Fraser was the pastor at Grace Church Federated from 1986 to 2006.

History of Education Society
The History of Education Society is an "international scholarly society devoted to promoting and teaching the history of education across institutions." The Society was founded in 1960. Its journal is the History of Education Quarterly.
Paul Compton
Paul David Compton (born 6 June 1961) is an English former professional footballer and football club manager. He most notably managed Torquay United during the 1992–93 season, and was assistant manager at Dorchester Town prior to rejoining Torquay United in the summer of 2008 as joint manager of their new youth set-up. He was born in Stroud.

Dorchester Town F.C.
Dorchester Town Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in Dorchester, Dorset, England, currently playing in the Southern League Premier Division South.

The club is an FA chartered standard club affiliated with the Dorset County Football Association. The home venue is the Avenue Stadium, on land owned by the Duchy of Cornwall. The club was a founder member of the Conference South in 2004, from which it was relegated in 2014.
Scolopterus aequus
Scolopterus aequus is a species of flower weevil found only in New Zealand. The beetles are relatively common and live on bushes and trees; they eat flower pollen from most plant species and are often observed on flowers. First described in 1880 from a specimen on the Coromandel Peninsula, the beetles are most abundant on New Zealand's North Island, though they have also been recorded from the West Coast Region. The weevil larvae develop for several months in the rachis ("stems") of fern fronds, particularly those of silver ferns, before pupating for a short time. Two other weevil species described in the genus Scolopterus are now considered synonymous with S. aequus.

Scolopterus
Scolopterus is a genus of weevils belonging to the family Curculionidae that are native to New Zealand.

This genus was first described by Adam White in 1846. The type species for this genus is Scolopterus tetracanthus by original designation.
Gian Piero Ventura
Gian Piero Ventura (Italian pronunciation: [ˈdʒam ˈpjɛːro venˈtuːra]; born 14 January 1948) is an Italian football manager.

His playing career as a midfielder was spent in the lower leagues, having not made the grade at Sampdoria, where he began his coaching career with the youth team in 1976. He debuted in Serie A with Cagliari in 1998, and also managed Udinese, Messina, Bari, Torino and Chievo in the top flight.

Ventura was the manager of the Italy national team from 2016 to 2017. He was dismissed when they failed to qualify for the 2018 FIFA World Cup, their first absence from the tournament since 1958.

Cagliari Calcio
Cagliari Calcio, commonly referred to as Cagliari (Italian: [ˈkaʎʎari] ⓘ), is a professional Italian football club based in Cagliari, Sardinia, that plays in Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. The club currently plays home matches at the 16,416-seat Unipol Domus.

Founded in 1920, they won their first and only Scudetto in 1969–70, when they were led by the Italian national team's all-time leading scorer, Gigi Riva. The triumph was also the first by a club from south of Rome. The club's best European performance was in the 1993–94 UEFA Cup, reaching the semi-finals before losing to eventual winners Internazionale.

As with the flag of its city, Cagliari's main colours are blue and red. The club badge incorporates the flag of Sardinia.
Bohemian Embassy
The Bohemian Embassy was a coffeehouse and cultural venue in Toronto, Canada, that opened in June 1960 and operated continually in different sites and formats until the early 1990s. Comedian and actor Don Cullen was associated with the establishment throughout its existence. Various aspects of culture were showcased, including jazz and folk music, poetry and theatre. The venue hosted performances by artists such as Milton Acorn, Margaret Atwood, sean o huigan, Sylvia Tyson, Gwendolyn MacEwen, David Essig, Martin Bronstein, Michael Boncoeur and Paul K. Willis. The legacy of the venue was examined in Bravo!'s 2010 documentary Behind the Bohemian Embassy. The "Bohemian Embassy" name has been appropriated by a condominium building in the Queen Street West area of Toronto, and a new wave rock group.

Sean o huigin
John Higgins (born 27 June 1942), known as sean o huigin /ˈʃɔːn oʊ ˈhɪɡiːn/, is a Canadian poet and writer. o huigin began teaching poetry in the early 1960s before beginning to write in the late 1970s. From the 1980s to 1990s, o huigin primarily wrote children's poetry for Black Moss Press. Of his publications, The Ghost Horse of the Mounties won the 1983 Canada Council Children's Literature Prize in English literature and became the first book of poetry to win this award. In 1986, his poem "Acid Rain" was made into a short film by the National Film Board of Canada.
Lansing, Toronto
Lansing is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It originated as a minor settlement of a store, other services, and a post office at the corner of Yonge Street and Sheppard Avenue, was later designated a postal village, and was finally consolidated with its fellow postal villages, Newtonbrook and Willowdale, into a new postal village named Willowdale within the Township of North York. For neighbourhood planning purposes, the City of Toronto, which North York was amalgamated into in 1998, labels Lansing as Lansing-Westgate. Its boundaries are Yonge Street to the east, Highway 401 to the south, Bathurst Street to the west, and Burnett Avenue to the north.

Newtonbrook
Newtonbrook is a neighbourhood in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located in the area around Yonge Street and Finch Avenue in the district of North York between the east and west branches of the Don River. Officially, the area is divided into two neighbourhoods; Newtonbrook West and Newtonbrook East.
Aidia cochinchinensis
Aidia cochinchinensis is the type species of the genus Aidia, in the family Rubiaceae. It is native to south-central China, including Hainan, and Vietnam.

No subspecies are listed in the Catalogue of Life.

Aidia cochinchinensis has commonly been reported in the Pacific Islands, although Tirvengadum noted that the specimens from the Pacific islands were distinct from Aidia cochinchinensis in Vietnam and in 1983 proposed Aidia racemosa as a unique species in the Pacific.  Plants of the World Online (POWO) follows Tirvengadum in identifying the Aidia of the Pacific region, including Australia and Pacific Islands, as A. racemosa.

Aidia
Aidia is a genus of flowering plants in the family Rubiaceae. It was described by João de Loureiro in 1790. It has a wide distribution area and occurs in tropical Africa, tropical and subtropical Asia and the western Pacific.
Arms control
Arms control is a term for international restrictions upon the development, production, stockpiling, proliferation and usage of small arms, conventional weapons, and weapons of mass destruction. Arms control is typically exercised through the use of diplomacy which seeks to impose such limitations upon consenting participants through international treaties and agreements, although it may also comprise efforts by a nation or group of nations to enforce limitations upon a non-consenting country.

Arms race
An arms race occurs when two or more groups compete in military superiority. It consists of a competition between two or more states to have superior armed forces, concerning production of weapons, the growth of a military, and the aim of superior military technology. Unlike a sporting race, which constitutes a specific event with winning interpretable as the outcome of a singular project, arms races constitute spiralling systems of on-going and potentially open-ended behavior.

The existing scholarly literature is divided as to whether arms races correlate with war. International-relations scholars explain arms races in terms of the security dilemma, engineering spiral models, states with revisionist aims, and deterrence models.
Mahendra Pal
Mahendra Pal (born 10 April 1946) is an Indian scientist and academician who is known for his contribution to Veterinary public health and Microbiology. He is known as the father of Veterinary Mycology in India for his research on the role of fungi in diseases. He is a former professor of Veterinary public health at Addis Ababa University. In 2023, the Government of India awarded him the Padma Shri for his contributions in science.

Veterinary public health
Veterinary public health (VPH) is a component of public health that focuses on the application of veterinary science to protect and improve the physical, mental and social well-being of humans. In several countries activities related to VPH are organized by the chief veterinary officer.

Conventionally veterinary public health as a topic covers the following areas: