hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Time in Kazakhstan
Time in Kazakhstan is governed by the decree "On the Procedure for Calculating Time on the Territory of the Republic of Kazakhstan", which establishes a single time zone: UTC+05:00 (effective since 1 March 2024). Kazakhstan spans a longitudinal difference of 40°45′ between its easternmost and westernmost points, resulting in a difference in local solar time of 2 hours and 43 minutes.

Daylight saving time (DST) is no longer observed, having been abolished in 2005.

Daylight saving time
Daylight saving time (DST), also referred to as daylight savings time, daylight time (United States and Canada), or summer time (United Kingdom, European Union, and others), is the practice of advancing clocks to make better use of the longer daylight available during summer so that darkness falls at a later clock time. The typical implementation of DST is to adjust clocks ahead of standard time by one hour in spring or late winter, and to set clocks back by one hour in the autumn (or fall in North American English, hence the mnemonic: "spring forward and fall back").

In many countries, the part of the year when DST is observed is much longer than the part aligned to standard time. The practice of DST was first tested in the early 20th century. Many countries, such as Russia and Mexico, have abandoned DST entirely.
Tubao
Tubao, officially the Municipality of Tubao (Ilocano: Ili ti Tubao; Filipino: Bayan ng Tubao), is a landlocked municipality in the province of La Union, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 31,868 people.

Historically, it is known as the "Home of the Native Tobacco" given its thriving tobacco industry. For several decades, the municipality played a significant role in the tobacco trade, with its town center featuring numerous large warehouses and trading posts dedicated to tobacco. In recent years however, corn has emerged as the town's primary agricultural product, with chichacorn being one of its most notable by-products.

The municipality has an average annual income of ₱42,803,624.

Cornick (food)
Cornick (Filipino: kornik) is a Filipino deep-fried crunchy puffed corn nut snack. It is most commonly garlic-flavored but can also come in a variety of other flavors. It is traditionally made with Lagkitan glutinous corn.
Aldborough Castle
Aldborough Castle was a medieval earthwork fortification located in Aldborough, North Yorkshire. The remains of the structure, primarily a circular mound known as Studforth Hill, are situated within the boundaries of the former Roman town of Isurium Brigantum.

Isurium Brigantum
Isurium or Isurium of the Brigantes (Latin: Isurium Brigantum) was a Roman fort and town in the province of Britannia at the site of present-day Aldborough in North Yorkshire, England, in the United Kingdom. Its remains—the Aldborough Roman Site—are in the care of English Heritage.

The Roman road through the town formed a leg of both Dere Street—connecting Eboracum (York) to the Antonine Wall—and the Roman equivalent of Watling Street, which here connected Eboracum with Luguvalium (Carlisle). The modern village retains part of the Roman street plan and the church stands on the site  of the forum.
Dependent Records
Dependent Records (stylized as dependent) is a German independent record label that mainly focuses on aggrotech, electro-industrial, and futurepop music. The label was founded in January 1999 after the demise of the Off Beat label by former Off Beat A&R manager Stefan Herwig along with Eskil Simonsson (Covenant), Johan Van Roy (Suicide Commando), Bryan Erickson (Velvet Acid Christ), and Ronan Harris (VNV Nation).

Artists that have released music through Dependent Records include Velvet Acid Christ, Suicide Commando, VNV Nation, Covenant, Klinik, Seabound, Apoptygma Berzerk, Dismantled, Ivory Frequency, Pride & Fall, mind.in.a.box, Rotersand, Flesh Field, Fractured, Auto Aggression, Girls Under Glass, and Iris.

VNV Nation
VNV Nation, also known as Victory Not Vengeance, are a British-Irish electronic music group formed in London and led by Ronan Harris in the roles of singer, songwriter and producer, with live members being keyboardists Mike Wimer and David Gerlach and percussionist Chris Roberts.
Sandwich loaf
A sandwich loaf is a stacked savory party entrée made from a loaf of horizontally sliced bread. Typical fillings include egg salad, chicken salad, ham salad, tuna salad, and Cheez Whiz. While rare today, the dish was quite popular during the mid-20th century in the United States.

Tuna salad
Tuna salad is a salad dish consisting of tuna and mayonnaise. The tuna used is usually pre-cooked, canned, and packaged in water or oil. Pickles, celery, relish, and onion are popular ingredients to add. Tuna salad is used to make tuna fish sandwiches; it can also be served on top of crackers, lettuce, tomato, or avocado (or else served by itself).
Microdes epicryptis
Microdes epicryptis is a moth in the family Geometridae. It is endemic to New Zealand and is found on the North, South, Stewart, Chatham and Antipodes Islands. It inhabits lowland wetlands. Larvae feed on species in the Juncaceae family and a specific larval host is Apodasmia similis. Adults are on the wing from September to March. They are nocturnal and are attracted to light.

Apodasmia similis
Apodasmia similis, also known as oioi or jointed wire rush, is a plant that is endemic to New Zealand. It is a coastal plant but is also found around peat bogs and hot springs. It flowers from October to December and bears fruit from December to March.
Maria Brink
Maria Brink (born December 18, 1977) is an American singer and songwriter, best known as the frontwoman of the metal band In This Moment. The band has gone on to release eight studio albums and receive four nominations, two from Alternative Press Music Awards, one from Grammy Awards, and one from Loudwire Music Awards.

Brink has been awarded "Rock Goddess of the Year" in the third (2013) and fifth (2015) Annual Loudwire Music Awards, "Hottest Chick in Metal" in 2010, one of eleven women in heavy metal who matter by Yell! Magazine in 2012, and was recognized by Revolver Magazine as one of the "25 Hottest Chicks in Hard Rock & Metal".

Revolver (magazine)
Revolver is an American heavy metal music and hard rock magazine, published by Project M Group. It was originally launched under Harris Publications in the spring of 2000 by Tom Beaujour and Brad Tolinski, who envisioned it as an American version of Mojo. After five issues, it was relaunched in late 2001 with a focus on heavy music. The magazine features both established acts and up-and-comers in heavy music.
Battle of Beroe
The Battle of Beroe was a conflict near Stara Zagora, ancient Ulpia Augusta Traiana, between the Romans and Goths in 250.  The Romans under Trajan Decius were pursuing the Goths, under Cniva, after their victory at the Battle of Nicopolis ad Istrum.  A Goth ambush at Beroe led to heavy Roman losses and forced Decius to retreat across the Balkan Mountains to Moesia.  This allowed Cniva to capture Philippopolis in Thrace.

Siege of Philippopolis (250)
The siege of Philippopolis was fought in about 250 between Rome and the Goths during the invasions of 249–253 at the Thracian city of Philippopolis, modern Plovdiv, Bulgaria. It was part of the long-running series of Gothic Wars.

The Goths were led by King Cniva who had crossed the Danube in 249 or 250 with two armies. His army attacked Novae and Nicopolis ad Istrum unsuccessfully before defeating the army of Emperor Decius at Augusta Traiana and moving on to Philippopolis.

Decius had been on his way to relieve Philippopolis with a reinforced army, but arrived too late.

After a long siege, Cniva was victorious after the city was betrayed by a citizen. The king subsequently allied himself with the governor of Thrace, Titus Julius Priscus, to take on the Roman Emperor Decius again at Abritus.
1878 Liechtenstein general election
General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 15 and 16 May 1878. New elections were called after the Landtag was dissolved as part of the compromise between the representatives of the Oberland and Unterland regions during the 1877 general election.

Starting from this election, Landtag members were elected to represent their electoral districts and not Liechtenstein as a whole. The country was divided into two electoral districts; Oberland (with seven seats) and Unterland (with five seats).

1877 Liechtenstein general election
General elections were held in Liechtenstein on 30 April 1877, with a second round on 18 October. The election was called following the dissolution of the Landtag due to a currency crisis in the country. The Landtag election that took place on 30 April was suspended and did not resume until 18 October.
Itha Oru Dhikkari
Itha Oru Dhikkari is a 1981 Indian Malayalam film, directed by N. P. Suresh and produced by Purushan Alappuzha. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Srividya and Sukumaran in the lead roles. The film has musical score by A. T. Ummer.

Srividya
Srividya (24 July 1953 – 19 October 2006), was an Indian actress best known for her work predominantly in Malayalam and Tamil films, along with a few Telugu, Kannada and Hindi films. In a career spanning for 40 years, she had acted in more than 800 films. In the latter part of her career, she concentrated on Malayalam films. In addition to acting, Srividya occasionally worked as a playback singer as well as carnatic singer. She was also a well-trained Bharathanatyam dancer. She was best known for restraint and subtlety in portrayal of varied emotions. She used her own voice for dubbing in almost all movies in all languages. She died in 2006 after battling metastatic breast cancer.
The Memoirs of Cleopatra
The Memoirs of Cleopatra is a 1997 historical fiction novel written by American author Margaret George, detailing the purported life of Cleopatra VII, Queen of Egypt. Published on April 15, 1997, it landed on The New York Times Best Seller list for Fiction Hardcover. In 1999, the American network ABC adapted it for television, and released it as a four-part mini series entitled Cleopatra starring the French-Chilean actress Leonor Varela alongside Timothy Dalton and Billy Zane.

Leonor Varela
Leonor Magdalena Varela Palma (Spanish pronunciation: [leoˈnoɾ βaˈɾela]; born 29 December 1972) is a Chilean born actress. She played the title role in the 1999 television film Cleopatra, and vampire princess Nyssa Damaskinos in the 2002 Marvel Comics film Blade II.
Malibu Pier (horse)
Malibu Pier (foaled April 2, 2007 in Kentucky) is a former American Thoroughbred racehorse and current broodmare.
Owned by Spendthrift Farm LLC  and trained by Carla Gaines, she won the Santa Ana Stakes, the Santa Barbara Handicap and the Beverly Hills Handicap.

She was sired by Malibu Moon. She is out of Blue Moon. After retiring from racing, Malibu Pier became a broodmare.

Santa Ana Stakes
The Santa Ana Handicap is a Thoroughbred horse race run at annually Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California during the third week of March.  The race is open to fillies and mares, age four and up, willing to race one and one-quarter miles on the turf.

A Grade III event, it currently offers a purse of $200,000.

In 1973 the race was run in two divisions. In 1981, 1982, 1983 and 1986, it was raced on dirt.
Slavija Square
Slavija Square (Serbian Cyrillic: Трг Славија, romanized: Trg Slavija) is a major commercial junction between the intersections of Kralja Milana, Beogradska, Makenzijeva, Svetosavska, Bulevar oslobođenja, Deligradska and Nemanjina streets in Belgrade. The square was previously named Dimitrije Tucović Square after the prominent Serbian socialist.

Autokomanda
Autokomanda (Serbian Cyrillic: Аутокоманда, pronounced [autɔ̝kɔ̝̌maːnda]) is an urban neighborhood of Belgrade, the capital of Serbia. It is located on the tripoint of the Belgrade's municipalities of Voždovac, Savski Venac and Vračar.
Peruvian booby
The Peruvian booby (Sula variegata) is an endemic bird of the Peruvian current, and an important predator of the marine community to which it belongs. Its distribution is much less widespread than other closely related booby species. It is the most abundant seabird species that inhabits the Peruvian coast and the second most important guano-producing seabird. During the mid-twentieth century, the Peruvian booby population reached 3 million birds.

Red-footed booby
The red-footed booby (Sula sula) is a large seabird of the booby family, Sulidae. Adults always have red feet, but the colour of the plumage varies. They are powerful and agile fliers, harnessing the wind to fly efficiently, but they are clumsy in takeoffs and landings. They forage by catching flying fish from above the ocean's surface and by performing shallow dives. They are found widely in the tropics, and breed colonially in coastal regions, especially isolated islands such as St. Brandon, Mauritius (Cargados Carajos shoals), and the Chagos Archipelago. Although its population is declining, it is considered to be a least-concern species by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN). It faces threats  from climate change, competition with fisheries, human disturbance, and invasive species.
The Matchmakers (TV series)
The Matchmakers (Korean: 혼례대첩) is a 2023 South Korean television series starring Rowoon and Cho Yi-hyun. It aired on KBS2 from October 30 to December 25, 2023, every Monday and Tuesday at 21:45 (KST) for 16 episodes. It is also available for streaming on Wavve in South Korea and, on Viki and Viu in selected regions.

Cho Yi-hyun
Cho Yi-hyun (Korean: 조이현, born December 8, 1999) is a South Korean actress who made her acting debut in 2017. Her most notable portrayals include Hospital Playlist (2020–2021), All of Us Are Dead (2022), and Head Over Heels (2025).
Lustymore Island
Lustymore Island (from Irish  Loiste Mór 'big lodge')  is an island located in Lower Lough Erne, County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland.

Nearby is Boa Island whose Caldragh cemetery has a carved Janus-type figure. A second figure was brought to Caldragh in 1939 from Lustymore Island.

In the early 20th century, Lady Hunt from Alberta, Canada, owned both Lustymore and Lustybeg islands. When her residence, Glenvar House, accidentally burned down, she moved to Germany.

Lusty Beg Island
Lusty Beg Island (from Irish  Lóiste Beag 'little lodge') is a private island located in Lower Lough Erne, in County Fermanagh, Northern Ireland, directly adjacent to Boa Island. It is roughly 75 acres and the location of Lusty Beg Island Resort and Spa, which operates an on-demand ferry service between the island and Boa Island.
The Plunderers (1948 film)
The Plunderers is a 1948 American Western film directed by Joseph Kane and written by Gerald Geraghty and Gerald Drayson Adams. The film stars Rod Cameron, Ilona Massey, Lorna Gray, Forrest Tucker, George Cleveland and Grant Withers. The film was released on October 31, 1948, by Republic Pictures.

Grant Withers
Granville Gustavus Withers (January 17, 1905 – March 27, 1959), known professionally as Grant Withers, was an American film actor. He began working in motion pictures during the last years of the  silent era. Withers moved into sound films, establishing himself with a list of headlined features as a young and handsome male lead. Historian Terry Rowan writes, "As his career progressed ... his importance diminished, but he did manage a 10-year contract with Republic."

His friendships with both John Ford and John Wayne secured him a spot in nine of Wayne's films, but later roles dwindled to supporting roles, mainly as villains in B-movies, serials, and television.
Tallgrass Prairie bison herd
The Tallgrass Prairie bison herd is a population of American bison (Bison bison) inhabiting the Tallgrass Prairie National Preserve in central Kansas. It is a public bison herd that has little evidence of cattle introgression.

Introgression
Introgression, also known as introgressive hybridization, in genetics is the transfer of genetic material from one species into the gene pool of another by the repeated backcrossing of an interspecific hybrid with one of its parent species. Introgression is a long-term process, even when artificial; it may take many hybrid generations before significant backcrossing occurs. This process is distinct from most forms of gene flow in that it occurs between two populations of different species, rather than two populations of the same species.

Introgression also differs from simple hybridization. Simple hybridization results in a relatively even mixture; gene and allele frequencies in the first generation will be a uniform mix of two parental species, such as that observed in mules. Introgression, on the other hand, results in a complex, highly variable mixture of genes, and may only involve a minimal percentage of the donor genome.
2024 Virudhunagar explosions
On 17 February 2024, a fire broke out following an explosion at a firecracker factory in Virudhunagar district, Tamil Nadu. Ten people were killed and more than seven were injured. On 29 June 2024, another explosion at a different fire cracker unit near Sattur, resulted in four deaths and one injury.

Sattur
Sattur or Saathur (Tamil: [saːttuːɾ]) is a Town in Virudhunagar district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. As of 2011, the town had a population of 29,398.

The town is located in the bank of Vaippar river. Sattur/Saathur taluk has contents of black soil around the town, suitable for crop cultivation. The town lies in NH 44 and has very good road and railway connectivity.
The Wild Stallion
The Wild Stallion is a 2009 American direct-to-DVD film directed by Craig Clyde and starring Miranda Cosgrove, Danielle Chuchran, Robert Wagner, Paul Sorvino, Connie Sellecca and Fred Ward. It was distributed by Myriad Pictures. In December 2010, the popular Horse Book Club PONY included The Wild Stallion in their package.

Robert Wagner
Robert John Wagner Jr. (born February 10, 1930) is an American actor. He is known for starring in the television shows It Takes a Thief (1968–1970), Switch (1975–1978), and Hart to Hart (1979–1984). He later had recurring roles on Two and a Half Men (2007–2008) and NCIS (2010–2019).

In films, Wagner is known for his role as Number 2 in the Austin Powers trilogy of films (1997, 1999, 2002), as well as for Prince Valiant (1954), A Kiss Before Dying (1956), The Pink Panther (1963), Harper (1966), The Towering Inferno (1974), and The Concorde... Airport '79 (1979).
Peter Griffiths (footballer, born 1957)
Peter James Griffiths (born 14 August 1957) is an English former footballer who made 98 league appearances on the right-wing in the English Football League for Stoke City, Bradford City, and Port Vale in the 1980s. He also played non-League football for Bideford, Salisbury United (Australia), Newcastle KB United (Australia), Stafford Rangers, Northwich Victoria, Matlock Town and Milton United. He played for Stoke in the First Division. He helped Port Vale to win promotion out of the Fourth Division in 1985–86.

Stafford Rangers F.C.
Stafford Rangers Football Club is a semi-professional English football team from Stafford which plays in the Northern Premier League Division One West.

The team wear black and white stripes with black shorts. Stafford Rangers' rivals include Tamworth, Hednesford Town, Burton Albion and Telford United.
Jequetepeque
Jequetepeque is a town in Northern Peru, capital of the district Jequetepeque in Pacasmayo Province of La Libertad Region. This town is located some 117 km north Trujillo city and is primarily an agricultural center in the Jequetepeque Valley.

In 2023, a group of Peruvian archeologists discovered a Wari cemetery in the middle Jequetepeque Valley. The cemetery, which encompasses two burial chambers, covers 24 hectares. Peru's Ministry of Culture released a statement saying that the discovery aligned with the Middle Horizon period, dating around 800 – 1000 AD.

Jequetepeque River
Jequetepeque River is a river located north of the Chicama valley in the La Libertad Region in northern Peru. Its valley has agricultural resources where one of the main products is rice.

In the Jequetepeque valley archeological sites of the Moche culture were found like San José de Moro and Pakatnamu.
2010 Estoril Open
The 2010 Estoril Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 21st edition of the Estoril Open for the men (the 14th for the women), and was part of the ATP World Tour 250 series of the 2010 ATP World Tour, and of the International-level tournaments of the 2010 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events took place at the Estádio Nacional in Oeiras, Portugal, from 3 May until 9 May 2010. Albert Montañés and Anastasija Sevastova won the singles title.

Albert Montañés
Albert Montañés Roca (Catalan: [əlˈβɛɾt muntəˈɲes ˈrɔkə], Spanish: [alˈβeɾ montaˈɲes ˈroka]; born 26 November 1980) is a Spanish former professional tennis player. He first entered the top 100 in 2001, achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 22 in 2010, and has won six singles titles and two doubles titles.

Montañés is one of very few players to win a title after saving match points in two different matches. He did it during his title run in Estoril 2009 in his quarterfinals and the final. He holds the record for most first-round exits at Grand Slam events; 35 reached at Wimbledon in 2016, beating Kenneth Carlsen's long standing record of 30 first-round exits. Montañés' career ended at the 2017 Barcelona Open, where he lost to countryman Feliciano López in the second round.
Willow Valley, California
Willow Valley is an unincorporated community in Nevada County, California. Willow Valley is located 6.5 miles (10.5 km) south-southwest of North Bloomfield. It lies at an elevation of 2746 feet (837 m).

North Bloomfield, California
North Bloomfield (previously, Bloomfield, Humbug, and Humbug City) is a small unincorporated community located in Nevada County, California.

It is in the Sierra Nevada, 10 miles (16 km) northeast of Nevada City.
Herbert Frederick Kergin
Herbert Frederick Kergin (July 8, 1885 – August 28, 1954) was a master mariner and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Atlin from 1920 to 1933 in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia as Liberal.

He was born in St. Catharines, Ontario, the son of William Henry Kergin and Margaret Emmet, and was educated there, in Toronto and at Victoria University. In 1910, Kergin married Achsah Frances McCoskrie. He was defeated by William James Asselstine when he ran for reelection in 1933 as an independent candidate. Kergin died in New Westminster at the age of 68.

William James Asselstine
William James Asselstine (July 1, 1891 – August 21, 1973) was an engineer, gold miner and political figure in British Columbia. He represented Atlin from 1933 to 1945 as a Liberal and from 1956 to 1960 as a Social Credit member in the Legislative Assembly of British Columbia.

He was born in Renfrew, Ontario in 1891, the son of Samuel Asselstine and Jessie Wilson, and was educated in Verona and Sydenham. In 1906, he married a Miss Ida Carr. He was a member of the Canadian Expeditionary Force during World War I. Asselstine served in the provincial cabinet as Minister of Mines,  Minister of Trade and Industry and Minister of Labour. He ran unsuccessfully for reelection in 1960 and 1963 as a Social Credit member. He died August 21, 1973, aged 82.