hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Governor of Ardahan
The Governor of Ardahan (Turkish: Ardahan Valiliği) is the bureaucratic state official responsible for both national government and state affairs in the Province of Ardahan. Similar to the Governors of the 80 other Provinces of Turkey, the Governor of Ardahan is appointed by the Government of Turkey and is responsible for the implementation of government legislation within Ardahan. The Governor is also the most senior commander of both the Ardahan provincial police force and the Ardahan Gendarmerie.

Gendarmerie General Command
The Gendarmerie General Command (Turkish: Jandarma Genel Komutanlığı) is the national gendarmerie force of Turkey. It is a service branch of the Ministry of Interior responsible for the maintenance of the public order in areas that fall outside the jurisdiction of the General Directorate of Security (generally in rural areas), as well as assuring internal security along with carrying out other specific duties assigned to it by certain laws and regulations. 
The Commander of the Gendarmerie reports to the Minister of the Interior.

The Gendarmerie has its roots in the Ottoman Empire military law enforcement organization "Subaşı" (later known as the "Zaptiye"). A similar, earlier force called "Şurta" existed during the medieval Seljuk Empire.
2020 Alaska elections
Alaska state elections in 2020 were held on Tuesday, November 3, 2020. Aside from its party-run Democratic presidential primary held on April 10 (not including the Republican Party presidential primary which was cancelled by the state party), its primary elections were held on August 18, 2020.

In addition to the U.S. presidential race, Alaska voters elected the Class II U.S. Senator from Alaska, its at-large seat to the House of Representatives, 1 of 5 seats on the Alaska Supreme Court, 1 of 3 seats on the Alaska Court of Appeals, all of the seats of the Alaska House of Representatives, and 11 of 20 seats in the Alaska Senate. There were also two ballot measures which were voted on.

To vote by mail, registered Alaska voters had to request a ballot by October 24, 2020.

Alaska House of Representatives
The Alaska House of Representatives is the lower house in the Alaska State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Alaska. The House is composed of 40 members, each of whom represents a district of approximately 17,756 people per 2010 census figures.  Members serve two-year terms without term limits. With 40 representatives, the Alaska House is the smallest state legislative lower chamber in the United States. The House convenes at the State Capitol in Juneau.
Zapivka
Zapivka (Russian: Запивка, "washing down") is the liturgical practice in certain Orthodox Churches and certain Byzantine Rite Catholic Churches whereby the faithful will partake of antidoron (blessed bread) and some wine diluted with warm water after receiving Holy Communion.

The purpose of zapivka is to wash any remnants of the Body and Blood of Christ from the mouth lest anyone inadvertently spit some of the Sacred Mysteries (Eucharist) out. The method of partaking of the zapivka is to first take three sips of the warm wine, then consume the antidoron.

The clergy also partake of zapivka. The priests and deacons who communicated will partake of the zapivka immediately after receiving Holy Communion, except for the deacon (or priest, if there is no deacon serving) who will perform the ablutions (consume the remaining Sacred Mysteries). He will then receive zapivka after finishing the ablutions. After consuming the zapivka all of the clergy will rinse their hands and their lips.

Antidoron
The antidoron (Greek: Ἀντίδωρον, Antídōron) is ordinary leavened bread which is blessed but not consecrated and distributed in certain Eastern Orthodox Churches and certain Eastern Catholic Churches that use the Byzantine Rite. It comes from the remains of the loaves of bread (prosphora) from which portions are cut for consecration as the Eucharist during the Divine Liturgy. The word Ἀντίδωρον means "instead of gifts", i.e., "instead of the Eucharistic gifts".

A blessed bread akin to antidoron, pain bénit, is used in some French and Canadian Latin Catholic churches as a substitute for those unable to receive the Eucharist. In Late Medieval England, the term Holy Loaf was used.
VIXX videography
This is the videography of the South Korean boy band VIXX and their sub-unit VIXX LR, formed by Jellyfish Entertainment. Their notable group activities are listed below, as a whole, VIXX and VIXX LR has released a total of seventeen music videos, two video albums, and two seasons of a YouTube reality series titled VIXX TV.

Jellyfish Entertainment
Jellyfish Entertainment (Korean: 젤리피쉬엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean entertainment company established by composer and producer Hwang Se-jun in Seoul, South Korea.

Jellyfish Entertainment is the home of artists including Jang Hye-jin, VIXX, Verivery, Evnne and formerly gugudan, Park Yoon-ha. The agency is also the home of actors including Kim Sun-young, Kim Se-jeong, and Lim Seul-ong.
Li Xinran
Li Xinran (Chinese: 李欣然; born March 1972) is a Chinese politician serving as the Secretary-General of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (CCDI) since 2022. Previously, he served as the Chief Inspector of the CCDI Discipline Inspection Office at the China Banking Regulatory Commission and the Chief Inspector of the CCDI and NSC Discipline Inspection Office at the China Banking and Insurance Regulatory Commission.

Secretary General of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection
The secretary general of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (Chinese: 中央纪律检查委员会秘书长 or 中纪委秘书长 for short) of the Chinese Communist Party is responsible for administrative management of the CCDI.
Pankaj Jalote
Pankaj Jalote was the Director of Indraprastha Institute of Information Technology. 
Jalote is a Fellow of the IEEE and INAE.

Before joining IIIT Delhi, he worked as the Microsoft Chair Professor at the Department of Computer Science and Engineering at IIT Delhi. Jalote has also taught at the Department of Computer Science at IIT Kanpur and University of Maryland.

IIT Kanpur
The Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur (IIT Kanpur or IITK) is a public institute of technology located in Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, India. As an Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), it was declared an Institute of National Importance by the Government of India under the Institutes of Technology Act. As of January 2025, at least 18 Padma Shri, 4 Padma Bhushan, 1 Padma Vibhushan, and 33 Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize recipients have been affiliated with IIT Kanpur as alumni or faculty members.
Aliens vs. Predator (2010 video game)
Aliens vs. Predator is a 2010 first-person shooter video game developed by Rebellion Developments and published by Sega for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360. In the game, a Weyland-Yutani research team discovers an ancient Predator Pyramid and hopes to unlock the advanced technology while studying the resident Aliens. However, when the Aliens escape, a unit of United States Colonial Marine Corps responds to neutralize the threat while the Predator Race also send three of their members to investigate. The game is not a sequel to the previous game Aliens versus Predator 2, but a reboot based on the Alien vs. Predator franchise, a combination of the characters and creatures of the Alien franchise and the Predator franchise. Rebellion previously developed the 1994 Atari Jaguar game and the 1999 Microsoft Windows game.

Aliens Versus Predator (1999 video game)
Aliens Versus Predator is a 1999 first-person shooter video game developed by Rebellion Developments and published by Fox Interactive for Microsoft Windows, Mac OS, and Mac OS X. It is a part of the Alien and Predator crossover franchise, Alien vs. Predator. A sequel, Aliens Versus Predator 2, was developed by Monolith Productions and released by Sierra in 2001.
José de Alencar
José Martiniano de Alencar (1 May 1829 – 12 December 1877) was a Brazilian lawyer, politician, orator, novelist and dramatist. He is considered to be one of the most famous and influential Brazilian Romantic novelists of the 19th century, and a major exponent of the literary tradition known as "Indianism". Sometimes he signed his works with the pen name Erasmo. He was patron of the 23rd chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.

Gonçalves de Magalhães, Viscount of Araguaia
Domingos José Gonçalves de Magalhães, Viscount of Araguaia (August 13, 1811 – July 10, 1882), was a Brazilian poet, playwright, physician and diplomat. He is considered the founder of Romanticism in Brazilian literature, and was a pioneer of Brazilian theatre.

He is the patron of the 9th chair of the Brazilian Academy of Letters.
OGLE-TR-113b
OGLE-TR-113b is an extrasolar planet orbiting the star OGLE-TR-113.

In 2002 the Optical Gravitational Lensing Experiment (OGLE) detected periodic dimming in the star's light curve indicating a transiting, planetary-sized object. Since low-mass red dwarfs and brown dwarfs may mimic a planet, radial velocity measurements were necessary to calculate the mass of the body. In 2004, the object was proved to be a new transiting extrasolar planet.

The planet has a mass 1.32 times that of Jupiter. Since the planet's inclination is known, the value is exact. It orbits the star (OGLE-TR-113) in an extremely close orbit, even closer than the famous planets 51 Pegasi b and HD 209458 b. The planet races around the star every 1.43 days. The radius of the planet is only 9% larger than Jupiter's, despite the heating effect by the star. Planets of its kind are sometimes called "super-hot Jupiters".

Hot Jupiter
Hot Jupiters (sometimes called hot Saturns) are a class of gas giant exoplanets that are inferred to be physically similar to Jupiter (i.e. Jupiter analogues) but that have very short orbital periods (P < 10 days). The close proximity to their stars and high surface-atmosphere temperatures resulted in their informal name "hot Jupiters".

Hot Jupiters are the easiest extrasolar planets to detect via the radial-velocity method, because the oscillations they induce in their parent stars' motion are relatively large and rapid compared to those of other known types of planets. One of the best-known hot Jupiters is 51 Pegasi b. Discovered in 1995, it was the first extrasolar planet found orbiting a Sun-like star. 51 Pegasi b has an orbital period of about four days.
Zhun
Zhun, also known as Zhuna, Zhūn , Zūn or Zur. The name is attested extensively in several Bactrian documents designating among others a Khār of Rob (Kingdom of Rob), and is often used in personal names such as Zhun-lad, which translates to “given by Zhun”. It is thought to be the chief god of Zunbils. Xuanzang, a 7th-century Chinese monk, referred to Zhun as "Suna".

Solar deity
A solar deity or sun deity is a deity who represents the Sun or an aspect thereof. Such deities are usually associated with power and strength. Solar deities and Sun worship can be found throughout most of recorded history in various forms. The English word sun derives from Proto-Germanic *sunnǭ. The Sun is sometimes referred to by its Latin name Sol or by its Greek name Helios.
Borussia Mönchengladbach II
Borussia Mönchengladbach II is a German association football club from the town of Mönchengladbach, North Rhine-Westphalia. It is the reserve team of Borussia Mönchengladbach.

The team's greatest success has been promotion to the tier four Regionalliga West where it won a league championship in 2014–15. It has also taken part in the first round of the DFB-Pokal, the German Cup, on one occasion, courtesy of a Lower Rhine Cup win.

Regionalliga West
The Regionalliga West is a German professional football division administered by the Western German Football Association based in Duisburg. It is one of the five German regional football associations. Being the single flight of the Western German state association, the Regionalliga is currently a level 4 division of the German football league system. It is one of five leagues at this level, together with the Regionalliga Bayern, Regionalliga Nordost, Regionalliga Nord and the Regionalliga Südwest.
Anthony, King of Saxony
Anthony of Saxony (German: Anton; 27 December 1755 – 6 June 1836) was a King of Saxony from the House of Wettin. He became known as Anton der Gütige ("Anthony the Kind").

He was the fifth but third surviving son of Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony and his wife Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria.

Duchess Maria Antonia of Bavaria
Maria Antonia, Princess of Bavaria, Electress of Saxony (18 July 1724 – 23 April 1780) was a German princess, composer, singer, harpsichordist and patron of the arts, known particularly for her operas: Il trionfo della fedeltà (“The triumph of fidelity”) and Talestri, regina delle amazoni (“Talestri, queen of the Amazons”). She was Electress of Saxony as the wife of Frederick Christian, Elector of Saxony. Following the latter's death in 1763, she became the Regent of Saxony for their son Frederick Augustus I of Saxony.
Brad Owen
Bradley Scott Owen (born May 23, 1950) is an American businessman and politician who served as the 15th Lieutenant Governor of Washington from 1997 to 2017. A member of the Democratic Party, he began his political career in the Washington House of Representatives, where he served from 1977 to 1983, before being elected to the Washington State Senate, serving from 1983 to 1997.

Washington House of Representatives
The Washington House of Representatives is the lower house of the Washington State Legislature, and along with the Washington State Senate makes up the legislature of the U.S. state of Washington. It is composed of 98 Representatives from 49 districts, each of which elects one Senator and two members of the House. They are elected to separate positions with the top-two primary system. All members of the House are elected to a two-year term without term limits. The House meets at the State Capitol in Olympia.
Proof that π is irrational
In the 1760s, Johann Heinrich Lambert was the first to prove that the number π is irrational, meaning it cannot be expressed as a fraction  where  and  are both integers. In the 19th century, Charles Hermite found a proof that requires no prerequisite knowledge beyond basic calculus. Three simplifications of Hermite's proof are due to Mary Cartwright, Ivan Niven, and Nicolas Bourbaki. Another proof, which is a simplification of Lambert's proof, is due to Miklós Laczkovich. Many of these are proofs by contradiction.

In 1882, Ferdinand von Lindemann proved that  is not just irrational, but transcendental as well.

Miklós Laczkovich
Miklós Laczkovich (born 21 February 1948) is a Hungarian mathematician mainly noted for his work on real analysis and geometric measure theory. His most famous result is the solution of Tarski's circle-squaring problem in 1989.
Snakefinger
Philip Charles Lithman (17 June 1949 – 1 July 1987), who performed under the stage name Snakefinger, was an English musician, singer and songwriter. A multi-instrumentalist, he was best known for his guitar and violin work and his collaborations with the Residents.

Martin Stone (guitarist)
Martin Stone (11 December 1946 –  9 November 2016) was an English guitarist and rare book dealer. He was a longtime resident of London and for a while lived in Fingest in Buckinghamshire and, latterly, Montparnasse, Paris, before moving to Versailles.
Fula alphabets
The Fula language (Fula: Fulfulde, Pulaar, or Pular) is written primarily in the Latin script, but in some areas and contexts is still written in an older Arabic script called the Ajami script or in the recently invented Adlam script.

Adlam script
The Adlam script is a script used to write Fulani. The name Adlam is an acronym derived from the first four letters of the alphabet (A, D, L, M), standing for Alkule Dandayɗe Leñol Mulugol (𞤀𞤤𞤳𞤵𞤤𞤫 𞤁𞤢𞤲𞤣𞤢𞤴𞤯𞤫 𞤂𞤫𞤻𞤮𞤤 𞤃𞤵𞤤𞤵𞤺𞤮𞤤), which means "the alphabet that protects the peoples from vanishing". It is one of many indigenous scripts developed for specific languages in West Africa.

Adlam is supported in Google's Android and Chrome operating systems. There are also Android apps to send SMS in Adlam and to learn the alphabet. On computers running Microsoft Windows, the Adlam script received native support beginning with Windows 10 version 1903, which was released in May 2019. On macOS, the Adlam script received support beginning with Ventura in 2022.
Grantland Rice
Henry Grantland Rice (November 1, 1880 – July 13, 1954) was an American sportswriter, columnist, and poet from Tennessee known as the "Dean of American Sports Writers".  He published three books of poetry, and coined the famous phrase that it was not important whether you “won or lost, but how you played the game.”

His writing was known for its elegance and published in newspapers around the country, and broadcast on the radio.  He and his writing are among the reasons that the roaring 1920s in the United States are sometimes referred to as the "Golden Age of Sports".

In 1924, he nicknamed the Notre Dame backfield the "Four Horsemen".  In 1925 he replaced Walter Camp in selecting college football All-America teams. Rice set out to make heroes of sports figures who impressed him, most notably in baseball Babe Ruth, in boxing Jack Dempsey, in football Red Grange and Knute Rockne, in golf Bobby Jones and Babe Didrikson, and in tennis Bill Tilden.

Offensive backfield
The offensive backfield is the area of an American football field behind the line of scrimmage, and players positioned there on offense who begin plays behind the line, typically including the quarterback and running backs (halfbacks and fullback).
Hampton Sides
Wade Hampton Sides (born 1962) is an American historian, author and journalist. He is the author of Hellhound on His Trail, Ghost Soldiers, Blood and Thunder, On Desperate Ground, and other bestselling works of narrative history and literary non-fiction.

Sides is editor-at-large for Outside magazine and has written for such periodicals as National Geographic, The Wall Street Journal, The New Yorker, Esquire, Men's Journal, The American Scholar, Smithsonian, and The Washington Post. His magazine work, collected in numerous published anthologies, has been twice nominated for National Magazine Awards for feature writing.

Outside (magazine)
Outside is a magazine focused on the outdoors. The first issue of the Outside magazine was published in September 1977. It is published by Outside Inc., a company that also owns various other ventures.
Carmen Blanco
Carmen Blanco (born 1954 in Lugo, Galicia, Spain) is a Spanish feminist writer and activist. She is Professor of Galician Literature at the University of Santiago de Compostela. With Claudio Rodriguez Fer she coordinates the intercultural and libertarian journal Unión Libre. Cadernos de vida e culturas and the Asociación para a Dignificación das Vítimas do Fascismo.

Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela, alternatively abbreviated to Santiago or Compostela, is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia, Spain. It is located in the province of A Coruña, in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, as the destination of the Way of St. James, a leading Catholic pilgrimage route since the 9th century. In 1985, the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.

Santiago de Compostela has a very mild climate for its latitude with heavy winter rainfall courtesy of its relative proximity to the prevailing winds from Atlantic low-pressure systems.
Alexander Hamilton Bowman
Alexander Hamilton Bowman (May 15, 1803 – November 11, 1865) was an engineer, military educator, and career officer in the United States Army. Bowman supervised the erection of Charleston Harbor defenses, including Fort Sumter, and served as Superintendent of the United States Military Academy at West Point, New York, during the American Civil War.

Fort Sumter
Fort Sumter is an incomplete sea fort at the mouth of Charleston Harbor, South Carolina, where the battle that sparked the American Civil War took place. Built on an artificial island in 1829 in response to the War of 1812, which had exposed the inadequacy of American coastal defenses, it remained unfinished on April 12, 1861, when attacked by Confederate Forces and greatly damaged. Efforts at rebuilding after the civil war never completed the fort's original plan, but since the middle of the 20th century it has been open to the public and operated by the National Park Service.
Chuck Bradley (offensive tackle)
Charles Warren Bradley II (born April 9, 1970) is an American former professional football offensive tackle who played one season with the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Houston Oilers in the sixth round of the 1993 NFL draft after playing college football for the Kentucky Wildcats. Bradley was also a member of the New York Giants and Minnesota Vikings of the NFL, the Barcelona Dragons of the World League of American Football (WLAF), and the Memphis Mad Dogs, Toronto Argonauts and BC Lions of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Kentucky Wildcats football
The Kentucky Wildcats football program represents the University of Kentucky in the sport of American football. The Wildcats compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) and the Southeastern Conference (SEC). The Wildcats play their home games at Kroger Field in Lexington, Kentucky and are led by first-year head coach Will Stein.
1979 British Grand Prix
The 1979 British Grand Prix (formally the XXXII Marlboro British Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race held at Silverstone on 14 July 1979. It was the ninth race of the 1979 World Championship of F1 Drivers and the 1979 International Cup for F1 Constructors.

The 68-lap race was won by Clay Regazzoni, driving a Williams-Ford. It was the first Formula One victory for the Williams team and Regazzoni's final victory in Formula One. René Arnoux finished second in a Renault, with Jean-Pierre Jarier third in a Tyrrell-Ford.

René Arnoux
René Alexandre Arnoux (French: [ʁəne alɛksɑ̃dʁ aʁnu]; born 4 July 1948) is a French former racing driver, who competed in Formula One from 1978 to 1989. Arnoux won seven Formula One Grands Prix across 12 seasons.

In 1977, Arnoux won the European Formula Two Championship. His best finish in the World Drivers' Championship was third in 1983 for Ferrari. Arnoux achieved seven wins, 12 fastest laps and 22 podiums in Formula One. His 18 pole positions is the third most for a non-World Champion.

Outside Formula One, Arnoux competed in the inaugural season of Grand Prix Masters in 2005.
Dhaka Metropolitan Police
The Dhaka Metropolitan Police (Bengali: ঢাকা মেট্রোপলিটন পুলিশ, romanized: Ḍhākā mēṭrōpaliṭana puliśa; abbreviated as DMP) is the primary metropolitan unit of the Bangladesh Police, responsible for law enforcement, public safety, and crime prevention within the metropolis of Dhaka, the capital and most populous city of Bangladesh. Established in 1976 under the Dhaka Metropolitan Police Ordinance, DMP oversees policing operations, administration, and coordination with other law enforcement and emergency agencies in the city. The force is headed by a Police Commissioner who manages all operational and administrative functions.

Bangladesh Police
The Bangladesh Police (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ পুলিশ, romanized: Baṅladeś Puliś) is the national law enforcement service of Bangladesh, operating under the Ministry of Home Affairs. It is responsible for maintaining peace, enforcing law and order, and ensuring the safety and security of citizens across the country. While primarily concerned with law enforcement and protection of individuals and property, the Bangladesh Police also play a significant role in the criminal justice system. Established before the 1971 Liberation War, the force contributed actively during the war and has since evolved into the country’s principal policing institution. The Bangladesh Police also participate in United Nations peacekeeping missions, providing personnel for international law enforcement and security operations.