hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Atlas of Our Changing Environment
Atlas of Our Changing Environment is a series of atlases published beginning in 2005 by the United Nations Environment Programme. The series includes:

One Planet Many People: Atlas of Our Changing Environment (2005)

Africa Lakes: Atlas of Our Changing Environment (2006)

Africa: Atlas of Our Changing Environment (2008)

These publications primarily make use of historical and recent satellite data alongside maps and photos to highlight areas of environmental change around the globe.

Atlas
An atlas is a collection of maps; it is typically a bundle of maps of Earth or of a continent or region of Earth. Advances in astronomy have also resulted in atlases of the celestial sphere or of other planets.

Atlases have traditionally been bound into book form, but today, many atlases are in multimedia formats. In addition to presenting geographical features and political boundaries, many atlases often feature geopolitical, social, religious, and economic statistics. They also have information about the map and places in it.
Sweden: Heaven and Hell
Sweden: Heaven and Hell (Italian: Svezia, inferno e paradiso) is a 1968 Italian mondo film directed, written and edited by Luigi Scattini. It features actress Marie Liljedahl and is narrated by Enrico Maria Salerno, while the English dub is provided by British actor Edmund Purdom, and the French version by Jean Topart.

The film is made up of nine segments focusing on different aspects of sexuality in Sweden, such as lesbian nightclubs, pornography, the swinging lifestyle of married couples, and the sex education of teenagers. It also examines drug addiction, alcoholism, and suicides in Sweden.

The film is best remembered as featuring the debut of the song "Mah Nà Mah Nà" by Piero Umiliani, which was popularized by The Muppets after its original release.

Mondo film
Mondo film is a subgenre of exploitative documentary films. Many mondo films are pseudo-documentaries and usually depict sensational topics, scenes, or situations. Common traits of mondo films include portrayals of foreign cultures (which have drawn accusations of ethnocentrism or racism), an emphasis on taboo subjects such as death and sex, and staged sequences presented as genuine documentary footage. Over time, the films have placed increasing emphasis on footage of the dead and dying (both real and fake).

The term mondo is Italian for 'world'. The term shockumentary is also used to describe the genre.

Mondo films began to soar in popularity in the 1960s with the releases of Mondo Cane (1962), Women of the World (1963) and Africa Addio (1966). The genre arguably reached its peak with Faces of Death (1978), a film that inspired myriad imitators, such as Banned from Television, Death Scenes, and the Traces of Death  and Faces of Gore series.
Caño Cristales
The Caño Cristales (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈkaɲo kɾisˈtales]; English: "Crystal Channel") is a river located in the Serranía de la Macarena, an isolated mountain range in Meta Department, Colombia. It is a tributary of the Guayabero River, itself a part of the Orinoco basin. Caño Cristales was found in 1969 by a group of cattle farmers. The river is commonly called the "River of Five Colors" or the "Liquid Rainbow," and is noted for its striking colors. The bed of the river from the end of July through November is variously colored yellow, green, blue, black, and especially red, the last caused by Rhyncholacis clavigera (syn. Macarenia clavigera) plants on the riverbed. In recent years, the river has become a tourist destination; there were more than 16,000 visitors in 2016.

Guayabero River
The Guayabero River is a river of Colombia. It is primarily located in the Meta Department, forming a portion of its border with the Guaviare Department. It is part of the Orinoco River basin. Its confluence with the Ariari River gives rise to the Guaviare River, one of the Orinoco's largest tributaries.
Foreign policy of France under the July Monarchy
The foreign policy of France under the July Monarchy from 1830 to 1840 was characterized by two primary elements: a new system of alliances, notably the rapprochement with the United Kingdom within the "Entente Cordiale," and the French conquest of Algeria. This policy aimed to maintain peace with European neighbors, as summarized by Casimir Perier's statement: "peace without compromising honor."

Prince Louis, Duke of Nemours
Prince Louis of Orléans, Duke of Nemours (Louis Charles Philippe Raphaël d'Orléans; 25 October 1814 – 26 June 1896) was the second son of King Louis-Philippe I of France and Maria Amalia of Naples and Sicily.
Vincent Montana Jr.
Vincent Montana Jr. (February 12, 1928 – April 13, 2013), known as Vince Montana, was an American composer, arranger, vibraphonist, and percussionist. He is best known as a member of MFSB and as the founder of the Salsoul Orchestra. He has been called "the Godfather of disco".
Montana was inducted into the Musicians Hall of Fame and Museum in 2016.

The O'Jays
The O'Jays are an American R&B group from Canton, Ohio, formed in summer 1958 and originally consisting of Eddie Levert, Walter Lee Williams, William Powell, Bobby Massey, and Bill Isles. The O'Jays made their first chart appearance with the minor hit "Lonely Drifter" in 1963, but reached their greatest level of success once the producers Gamble & Huff signed them to their Philadelphia International label in 1972. With Gamble & Huff, the O'Jays (now a trio after the departure of Isles and Massey) emerged at the forefront of Philadelphia soul with Back Stabbers (1972), and topped the US Billboard Hot 100 the following year with "Love Train". Several other US R&B hits followed, and the O'Jays were inducted into the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2004, The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2005, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2013.
Lupara, Molise
Lupara is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 25 kilometres (16 mi) north of Campobasso.

Lupara borders the following municipalities: Casacalenda, Castelbottaccio, Civitacampomarano, Guardialfiera, Morrone del Sannio.

Campobasso
Campobasso (UK: /ˌkæmpoʊˈbæsoʊ/, Italian: [ˌkampoˈbasso] ⓘ; Campobassan: Cambuàsce [ˌkambuˈwaʃʃə]) is a city and comune in southern Italy, the capital of the region of Molise and of the province of Campobasso. It is located in the high basin of the Biferno river, surrounded by the Sannio and Matese mountains.

Campobasso is renowned for the craftsmanship of blades (including scissors and knives), a fact well documented since the 14th century. It is also famous for the production of pears and scamorza (cheese). The city is home to the University of Molise and the Archdiocese of Campobasso-Boiano.
48 Doris
48 Doris is one of the largest main belt asteroids. It was discovered on 19 September 1857 by Hermann Goldschmidt from his balcony in Paris.

To find a name for the object, Jacques Babinet of the Academy of Sciences created a shortlist and asked the geologist Élie de Beaumont to make the selection. De Beaumont chose Doris, after an Oceanid in Greek mythology. Since Doris was discovered on the same night as 49 Pales, de Beaumont suggested naming the two "The Twins".

Hermann Goldschmidt
Hermann Mayer Salomon Goldschmidt (June 17, 1802 – August 30  or September 10 1866) was a German-French astronomer and painter who spent much of his life in France. He started out as a painter, but after attending a lecture by the famous French astronomer Urbain Le Verrier turned to astronomy. His discovery of the asteroid Lutetia in 1852 was followed by further findings and by 1861 Goldschmidt had discovered 14 asteroids. He received the Gold Medal of the Royal Astronomical Society in 1861 for having discovered more asteroids than any other person up to that time. He died from complications of diabetes.
45 BC
Year 45 BC was either a common year starting on Thursday, Friday or Saturday or a leap year starting on Friday or Saturday (the sources differ, see leap year error for further information) and the first year of the Julian calendar and a leap year starting on Friday of the Proleptic Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Caesar without Colleague (or, less frequently, year 709 Ab urbe condita). The denomination 45 BC for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when  the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Battle of Munda
The Battle of Munda (17 March 45 BC), in southern Hispania Ulterior, was the final battle of Caesar's civil war against the leaders of the Optimates. With the military victory at Munda and the deaths of Titus Labienus and Gnaeus Pompeius (eldest son of Pompey), Caesar was politically able to return in triumph to Rome, and then govern as the elected Roman dictator. Subsequently, the assassination of Julius Caesar furthered the long Republican decline that led to the Roman Empire, initiated with the reign of the emperor Augustus.
Dmitry Manuilsky
Dmitriy Zakharovich Manuilsky or Dmitro Zakharovych Manuilsky (Russian: Дми́трий Заха́рович Мануи́льский; Ukrainian: Дмитро Захарович Мануїльський; 3 October 1883 – 22 February 1959) was an important Bolshevik revolutionary, Soviet politician and academic who was Secretary of the Executive Committee of the Communist International from December 1926 to its dissolution in May 1943.

Executive Committee of the Communist International
The Executive Committee of the Communist International, commonly known by its acronym, ECCI (Russian acronym ИККИ for Исполнительный комитет Коммунистического интернационала), was the governing authority of the Comintern between the World Congresses of that body. The ECCI, established by the Founding Congress of the Comintern in 1919, was dissolved with the rest of the Comintern in May 1943.
Macro-Warpean languages
Macro-Warpean (or Macro-Huarpean) is a provisional proposal by Kaufman (1994) that connected the extinct Huarpe language with the previously connected Muran and Matanawí (Mura–Matanawí). Morris Swadesh had included Huarpe in his Macro-Jibaro proposal.

Mura-Matanawi languages
The Mura-Matanawí languages are a proposed language grouping consisting of the Mura language (with the Pirahã dialect) and extinct Matanawí. Glottolog evaluates it as "promising" but does not rule out chance for the similarities. The family was first proposed by Curt Nimuendajú in 1922.
Tolokiwa Island
Tolokiwa Island, also known as Lottin Island, is an island in the Bismarck Sea, situated between Long Island and Umboi. The island is volcanic in origin and part of the Bismarck Archipelago. It is in the Lokep Ward of the Siassi Rural LLG local government area of the Morobe Province of Papua New Guinea (PNG). Although the island has suffered no recent volcanic eruptions, it is in an area that suffers from frequent earthquakes.

Long Island, Madang Province
Long Island (known locally as Pono, and as Arop or Ahrup on the New Guinean mainland) is a populated volcanic island in Madang Province, Papua New Guinea. It is located north of the island of New Guinea, separated from it by the Vitiaz Strait. The island's interior contains a 360 m-deep (1,180 ft) freshwater volcanic crater lake and within that lake exists an even smaller island known as Motmot island. During the late 17th or early 18th century virtually all of the biota on the island was destroyed and has subsequently provided scientists a unique opportunity to study recolonization efforts by plants, animals, and humans. The vast majority of the buildings on the island are constructed using vernacular architecture.
Wahlbergøya
Wahlbergøya is an island in Hinlopen Strait, between Spitsbergen and Nordaustlandet of the Svalbard archipelago. The island has an area of about 48 km2 (19 sq mi). The islands highest point is 194 m.a.s.l. Named after Swedish botanist Peter Fredrik Wahlberg. It is the largest island of Vaigattøyane.

The island is included in the Nordaust-Svalbard Nature Reserve.

Nordaustlandet
Nordaustlandet (Anglicised as North East Land) is the second-largest island in the archipelago of Svalbard, Norway, with an area of 14,443 square kilometres (5,576 sq mi). It lies north east of Spitsbergen, separated by Hinlopen Strait. Much of Nordaustlandet lies under large ice caps, mainly Austfonna and Vestfonna, the remaining parts of the north being tundra inhabited by reindeer and walruses. The island is uninhabited and lies entirely within Nordaust-Svalbard Nature Reserve.
Mevik
Mevik is a village in Gildeskål Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located in the southwestern part of the municipality, about 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) west of the village of Storvik and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) northeast of the village of Reipå (in Meløy Municipality). The village is located along Norwegian County Road 17. Mevik Chapel is located in the village.

Reipå
Reipå is a village in Meløy Municipality in Nordland county, Norway. It is located along Norwegian County Road 17 about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) north of the village of Ørnes. The lakes Lysvatnet and Markvatnet both lie to the east of the village. Fore Church is located in Reipå, serving northern Meløy.

The 0.45-square-kilometre (110-acre) village has a population (2023) of 266 and a population density of 591 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,530/sq mi).
Dispersin B
Dispersin B (also known as DspB or DispersinB) is a 40 kDa glycoside hydrolase produced by the periodontal pathogen, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. The bacteria secrete Dispersin B to release adherent cells from a mature biofilm colony by disrupting biofilm formation. The enzyme catalyzes the hydrolysis of linear polymers of N-acetyl-D-glucosamines found in the biofilm matrices. Poly-acetyl glucosamines are integral to the structural integrity of the biofilms of various Gram-positive bacteria and Gram-negative bacteria and are referred to as PIA (PNAG,PS/A) in Staphylococcus species and PGA in Escherichia coli.  By degrading the biofilm matrix, Dispersin B allows for the release of bacterial cells that can adhere to new surfaces close by and extend the biofilm or start new colonies. Currently there is interest in Dispersin B as a commercial anti-biofilm agent that could be combined with antibiotics for the treatment of bacterial infections.

Glycoside hydrolase
In biochemistry, glycoside hydrolases (also called glycosidases or glycosyl hydrolases) are a class of enzymes which catalyze the hydrolysis of glycosidic bonds in complex sugars. They are extremely common enzymes, with roles in nature including degradation of biomass such as cellulose (cellulase), hemicellulose, and starch (amylase), in anti-bacterial defense strategies (e.g., lysozyme), in pathogenesis mechanisms  (e.g.,  viral neuraminidases) and in normal cellular function  (e.g.,  trimming mannosidases involved in N-linked glycoprotein biosynthesis). Together with glycosyltransferases, glycosidases form the major catalytic machinery for the synthesis and breakage of glycosidic bonds.
New Mexico State Road 238
State Road 238 (NM 238) is a 19.466-mile-long (31.327 km) state highway in the US state of New Mexico. NM 238's southern terminus is at NM 529 west of Hobbs, and the northern terminus is at U.S. Route 82 (US 82) west of Lovington.

U.S. Route 82 in New Mexico
U.S. Route 82 (US 82) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that travels from Alamogordo, New Mexico, east to Brunswick, Georgia. In the U.S. state of New Mexico, US 82 extends from Alamogordo and ends at the Texas state line northeast of Lovington.
2024–25 Big 12 Conference men's basketball season
The 2024–25 Big 12 men's basketball season began with the start of the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season in November. Regular season conference play will begin in December 2024 and conclude in March 2025. The 2025 Big 12 men's basketball tournament was held  March 11–15, 2025, at the T-Mobile Center in Kansas City, Missouri.

This was the first season for the Big 12 Conference with 16 teams after the addition of Arizona, Arizona State, Colorado and Utah, plus the departure of Oklahoma and Texas.

T-Mobile Center
T-Mobile Center (formerly Sprint Center) is a multi-purpose arena in downtown Kansas City, Missouri, United States. It is located at the intersection of 14th Street and Grand Boulevard on the east side of the Power & Light District. It has effectively become the city's primary indoor arena, a role previously held by Kemper Arena, which had been built in 1974 a few miles away in the West Bottoms neighborhood.
1991 Roscommon County Council election
An election to Roscommon County Council took place on 27 June 1991 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 26 councillors were elected from six local electoral areas (LEAs) for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV). This term was extended twice, first to 1998, then to 1999.

1991 Irish local elections
The 1991 Irish local elections were held in all administrative counties and county boroughs, the top tier of local government areas in Ireland, on Thursday, 27 June 1991.

The elections were postponed from June 1990. This allowed for the enactment of the Local Government Act 1991 prior to the vote. They were the first local elections contested by the Progressive Democrats, which had been founded in December 1985, and the first since Sinn Féin registered as a political party in December 1986.

There was a second tier of boroughs, urban districts and towns with boards of commissioners. Elections in non-county boroughs and towns were postponed until 1994.
Members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly, 1967–1970
This is a list of members of the Victorian Legislative Assembly from 1967 to 1970, as elected at the 1967 state election:

1  On 23 July 1968, the Country member for Swan Hill, Harold Stirling, died. Country candidate Henry Broad won the resulting by-election on 14 September 1968.

2  In September 1969, the Labor member for Reservoir, Harry Jenkins, Sr., resigned to contest the seat of Scullin at the 1969 federal election. Labor candidate Jim Simmonds was elected unopposed at the close of nominations at the resulting by-election on 27 October 1969.

3  In September 1969, the Liberal member for Dandenong, Len Reid, resigned to contest the seat of Holt at the 1969 federal election. Labor candidate Alan Lind won the resulting by-election on 6 December 1969.

Henry Broad
Henry George Broad (4 May 1910 – 17 August 2001) was an Australian politician.

He was born at St Arnaud to farmer George William Broad and teaching assistant Frances Jane Evans, and attended state schools. He became a farmer of wheat and sheep at Woomelang, and was secretary of the local Country Party branch in 1936. On 29 October 1960 he married Heather Anne McLean, with whom he had two sons. He served on Wycheproof Shire Council from 1953, and was president from 1960 to 1961, 1967 to 1968 and 1979 to 1980. In 1968 he was elected to the Victorian Legislative Assembly for Swan Hill, winning a by-election for the seat. He was defeated by a Liberal candidate in 1973. Broad remained active in local politics and was president of his local Country Party branch. He died at Wycheproof in 2001.
1972 Texas Senate election
The 1972 Texas Senate elections took place as part of the biennial United States elections. Texas voters elected state senators in all 31 State Senate districts. The winners of this election served in the 63rd Texas Legislature, serving staggered terms, with half of them up for election in 1974 and the other half up in 1976.

Speaker of the Texas House of Representatives
The speaker of the Texas House of Representatives is the presiding officer of the Texas House of Representatives. The Speaker's main duties are to conduct meetings of the House, appoint committees, and enforce the Rules of the House. The current speaker of the house is Dustin Burrows, a Republican from Lubbock. He was elected Speaker on January 14, 2025.
1953 Claxton Shield
The 1953 Claxton Shield was the 14th annual Claxton Shield, a major Australian baseball tournament. It was held at the Brisbane Exhibition Ground and Davies Park in Brisbane, Queensland from 11 to 19 July 1953. It was the first Claxton Shield held in Queensland. The participants were South Australia, New South Wales, Victoria and Queensland. The Western Australia team, holders of the Shield, were unable to afford the costs to travel to Brisbane. The series was won by New South Wales, their seventh Shield title.

Victoria Aces
The Victoria Aces are an Australian baseball team who compete in the Claxton Shield Baseball Championship. One of the founding teams of the Claxton Shield in 1934, they competed until 1988. Thereafter the Claxton Shield was awarded to the winner of the Australian Baseball League until 2002.  In 1999 the Victoria Aces accepted an invitation to join the International Baseball League of Australia. They competed in the League for two seasons (1999–2000 and 2002); after this point the Claxton Shield reverted to a competition similar to 1988.

Baseball Victoria (BV) selects the Victoria Aces team to compete in the Claxton Shield. BV also governs all levels of baseball in the state of Victoria, and directly runs the State League, which is the top level of competition in the state and the source of the majority of Australian-based players selected for the Victoria Aces.
Samuel Washington
Samuel Washington (November 16, 1734 – September 26, 1781) was an American planter, politician and military officer best known for being the younger brother of George Washington, the first president of the United States.

Stafford County, Virginia
Stafford County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is approximately 40 miles (64 km) south of Washington, D.C. It is part of the Northern Virginia region, and the D.C area. It is one of the fastest-growing and highest-income counties in America. As of the 2020 United States census, the population sits at 156,927. Its county seat is Stafford.

Located across the Rappahannock River from the City of Fredericksburg and Spotsylvania County, Stafford County is part of the Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV Metropolitan Statistical Area. In 2006, and again in 2009, Stafford was ranked by Forbes magazine as the 11th highest-income county in the United States. According to a Census Bureau report released in 2019, Stafford County is currently the sixth highest-income county in America.
James Schamus
James Allan Schamus (born September 7, 1959) is an American screenwriter, producer, business executive, film historian, professor, and director. He is a frequent collaborator of Ang Lee, the co-founder of the production company Good Machine, and the co-founder and former CEO of motion picture production, financing, and worldwide distribution company Focus Features, a subsidiary of NBCUniversal. He is currently president of the New York–based production company Symbolic Exchange, and is Professor of Professional Practice at Columbia University, where he has taught film history and theory since 1989.

Writers Guild of America East
The Writers Guild of America East (WGAE) is a labor union representing writers in film, television, radio, news, and online media.

The WGAE and the Writers Guild of America West (WGAW), though independent entities, jointly brand themselves together as the Writers Guild of America (WGA), and cooperate on activities such as launching coordinated strike actions, and administering both the Writers Guild of America Awards and the WGA screenwriting credit system. The WGAE is an affiliate of the AFL–CIO and the International Affiliation of Writers Guilds.