hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bora saul
Bora saul  is a variety of glutinous rice found in Assam, India. It has an important role in festivals of  Assam. During traditional occasions like Bihu, this variety of rice is eaten with served with doi (curd), gur (jaggery) and cream.

Bora saul is different from the rice consumed in mainland India and is more aligned with the type of sticky rice consumed in Southeast Asian cuisine. One variation of bora saul is kola (black) bora saul, or black sticky rice.

Bora saul is used in various other Assamese dishes, such as jolpan (snacks) and pitha (rice cakes or pancakes). Boiled bora saul is served as jolpan with curd or milk, jaggery or sugar. Soaked and ground bora saul  is used in preparing pitha.

Some local Assamese entrepreneurs are also experimenting with using bora saul to create commercially available rice-based alcoholic brews.

Rice cake
A rice cake may be any kind of food item made from rice that has been shaped, condensed, or otherwise combined into a single object. A wide variety of rice cakes exist in many different cultures in which rice is eaten. Common variations include cakes made with rice flour, those made from ground rice, and those made from whole grains of rice compressed together or combined with some other binding substance.
Marlborough Township, Ontario
Marlborough Township is a former incorporated and now geographic township in eastern Ontario, Canada.

Marlborough was located in the southern part of Carleton County. It was bounded to the south by Oxford Township, to the southwest by Montague Township, to the northwest by Goulbourn Township and to the northeast by North Gower Township. The Rideau River runs along the border with Oxford Township.

It was established in 1791. In 1800, it became part of Carleton County and was incorporated as a township in 1850. The first family to settle in this area was that of Stephen Burritt, a United Empire Loyalist, in 1793. The township merged with North Gower Township in 1974 to become Rideau Township. Rideau, in turn, became part of the amalgamated city of Ottawa in 2001.

Marlborough Township took its name from John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough.

According to the Canada 2016 Census, the Township had a population of 2,204. According to the Canada 2021 Census, this had increased to 2,368.

Carleton County, Ontario
Carleton County is the name of a former county in Ontario, Canada. In 1969, it was superseded by the Regional Municipality of Ottawa–Carleton. In 2001, the Regional Municipality and its eleven local municipalities (including Ottawa) were replaced by the current city of Ottawa.
Romanization of Russian
The romanization of the Russian language (the transliteration of Russian text from the Cyrillic script into the Latin script), aside from its primary use for including Russian names and words in text written in a Latin alphabet, is also essential for computer users to input Russian text who either do not have a keyboard or word processor set up for inputting Cyrillic, or else are not capable of typing rapidly using a native Russian keyboard layout (JCUKEN). In the latter case, they would type using a system of transliteration fitted for their keyboard layout, such as for English QWERTY keyboards, and then use an automated tool to convert the text into Cyrillic.

Interpunct
An interpunct ·, also known as an interpoint, middle dot, middot, or centered dot, is a punctuation mark consisting of a vertically centered dot used for interword separation in Classical Latin.  (Word-separating spaces did not appear until some time between 600 and 800 CE.) It appears in a variety of uses in some modern languages.

The multiplication dot or "dot operator" is frequently used in mathematical and scientific notation, and it may differ in appearance from the interpunct.
Jewel Plummer Cobb
Jewel Plummer Cobb (January 17, 1924 – January 1, 2017) was an American biologist, cancer researcher, professor, dean, and academic administrator. She contributed to the field of cancer research by studying treatments for melanoma. Cobb was an advocate for increasing the representation of women and students of color in universities, and she created programs to support students interested in pursuing graduate school.

California State University, Fullerton
California State University, Fullerton (CSUF or Cal State Fullerton) is a public research university in Fullerton, California, United States. With a total enrollment of more than 41,000, it has the largest student body of the California State University (CSU) system, and its graduate student body of more than 5,000 is one of the largest in the CSU and in all of California. As of fall 2016, the school had 2,083 faculty, of whom 782 were on the tenure track. The university offers 109 degree programs: 55 undergraduate degrees and 54 graduate degrees, including 3 doctoral programs.

Cal State Fullerton is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". It is also a Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) and is eligible to be designated as an Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institution (AANAPISI).

CSUF athletic teams compete in Division I of the NCAA and are collectively known as the CSUF Titans. They compete in the Big West Conference.
Plumbago pendula
Plumbago pendula is a species of flowering plant in the genus Plumbago. It is a shrub or tree endemic to north-central Socotra, an island which is part of Yemen. It grows in dry deciduous montane woodland and shrubland, often on cliffs, from 600 to 1,000 meters elevation. Trees are generally scattered and solitary, and the species has a limited range. It is assessed as vulnerable by the IUCN.

Plumbago
Plumbago is a genus of 23 species of flowering plants in the family Plumbaginaceae, native to warm temperate to tropical regions of the world. Common names include plumbago and leadwort (names which are also shared by the genus Ceratostigma).
12th Seanad
The 12th Seanad was in office from 1969 to 1973. An election to Seanad Éireann, the Senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the 1969 general election to the 19th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 13th Seanad in 1973.

13th Seanad
The 13th Seanad was in office from 1973 to 1977. An election to Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (Irish parliament), followed the 1973 general election to the 20th Dáil. The senators served until the close of poll for the 14th Seanad in 1977.
The Pilgrim of Hate
The Pilgrim of Hate is a medieval mystery novel by Ellis Peters, set in spring 1141. It is the tenth in the Cadfael Chronicles, and was first published in 1984.

This story takes place very soon after the preceding novel Dead Man's Ransom. Political events of The Anarchy are changing rapidly, with the crowned King Stephen held in prison, while the claimant Empress Maud tries to gain political and popular approval to replace him. Even in such troubled times, the Abbey holds the feast in honour of its own Saint Winifred, whose remains were taken (translated) from Wales four years earlier in the first of these tales, A Morbid Taste for Bones.

It was adapted for television in 1998 by Carlton Media for ITV.

Chipping Campden
Chipping Campden is a market town in the Cotswold district of Gloucestershire, England. It is notable for its terraced High Street, dating from the 14th to the 17th centuries.

A wool trading centre in the Middle Ages, Chipping Campden enjoyed the patronage of wealthy wool merchants, most notably William Greville (d.1401). The High Street is lined with buildings built from locally quarried oolitic limestone, known as Cotswold stone, and boasts a wealth of vernacular architecture. Much of the town centre is a conservation area which has helped to preserve the original buildings. The town is an end point of the Cotswold Way, a 102-mile long-distance footpath. Chipping Campden has hosted its own Cotswold Games since 1612.
Nir Galim
Nir Galim (Hebrew: נִיר גַּלִּים, lit. 'Waves Meadow') is a religious moshav shitufi in south-central Israel, adjacent to the city of Ashdod. Located in the southern coastal plain, it falls under the jurisdiction of Hevel Yavne Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,333.

Moshav shitufi
A moshav shitufi (Hebrew: מושב שיתופי, lit. collective moshav, pl. moshavim shitufiim) is a type of cooperative Israeli village, whose organizational principles place it between the kibbutz and the moshav on the scale of cooperation.
Bachelor of Ayurveda, Medicine and Surgery
Bachelor of Ayurvedic Medicine and Surgery (B.A.M.S.) is a professional degree focused on Ayurveda offered in India, Nepal, Bangladesh, and Sri Lanka.

Ayurveda is a type of alternative medicine, and the theory and study of Ayurveda is pseudoscientific.

Central Council of Indian Medicine
Central Council of Indian Medicine (CCIM) was a statutory body under the Ministry of AYUSH, Government of India between 1971 and 2021. The CCIM was set up in 1971 under the Indian Medicine Central Council Act, (Act 48) which was passed in 1970. It is one of the Professional councils under University Grants Commission (UGC) to monitor higher education in Indian systems of medicine, including Ayurveda, Siddha, Unani and Sowa-Rigpa.
Acousto-optic deflector
An acousto-optic deflector (AOD) is a device that uses the interaction between sound waves and light waves to deflect or redirect a laser beam. AODs are essentially the same as acousto-optic modulators (AOMs). In both an AOM and an AOD, the amplitude and frequency of different orders are adjusted as light is diffracted.

Sound
Sound is a phenomenon in which pressure disturbances propagate through a transmission medium. In the context of physics, it is characterised as a mechanical wave of pressure or related quantities (e.g. displacement), whereas in physiological-psychological contexts it refers to the reception of such waves and their perception by the brain. Though sensitivity to sound varies among all organisms, the human ear is sensitive to frequencies ranging from 20 Hz to 20 kHz. Examples of the significance and application of sound include music, medical imaging techniques, oral language and parts of science.
Barry McGoldrick
Barry McGoldrick (born 29 April 1985) is an Irish Gaelic footballer who plays for the Derry county team, with whom he has won a National League title. He is also the current team captain. At underage level he won the Ulster Minor and All-Ireland Minor Championships with the county.

McGoldrick plays club football for Eoghan Rua and has won the Derry Senior Football Championship with the club. He is a dual player in that he also plays hurling for Eoghan Rua, and has in the past also hurled for Derry, winning the Nicky Rackard Cup.

Ulster Intermediate Club Football Championship
The Ulster Intermediate Club Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition organised by Ulster GAA. It is played between the Intermediate championship winners from each of the nine counties of Ulster. The competition has a straight knock-out format. It was first held in 1998 as an unofficial tournament, and was first organised by Ulster GAA in 2004. The winners are awarded the Patrick McCully Cup, named in honour of Clontibret O'Neills stalwart Packie McCully. The winners go on to represent Ulster in the All-Ireland Intermediate Club Football Championship.

Tyrone clubs have won the competition eight times, more than any other county. Craigbane, Pomeroy and Cookstown Fr. Rock's are the only clubs to have won the competition twice. The current champions are Glenullin from Derry.
2014 Copa Verde finals
The 2014 Copa Verde finals was the final two-legged tie that decided the 2014 Copa Verde, the 1st season of the Copa Verde, Brazil's regional cup football tournament organised by the Brazilian Football Confederation.

The finals were contested in a two-legged home-and-away format between Paysandu, from Pará, and Brasília, from Distrito Federal.

Paysandu won the first leg 2–1, and Brasília won the second leg by the same score, which meant the title was decided by a penalty shoot-out, which Brasília won 7–6 to claim their first Copa Verde title. However, on 28 July 2014, the title was awarded to Paysandu, due to irregularities of the squad of Brasília. Brasília appealed against this decision, and obtained a suspension which reversed this decision temporarily. A final decision by the Superior Court of Sports Justice (STJD) declared Brasília as the champion.

2014 Copa Verde
The 2014 Copa Verde was the first edition of a football competition held in the Brazil. Featuring 16 clubs, with Pará has three vacancies; Amazonas, Distrito Federal and Mato Grosso with two each and Acre, Amapá, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia, Roraima and Tocantins. The champion earned the spot in the 2015 Copa Sudamericana.

Brasília won the final over Paysandu. However, on July 28, 2014, the title was awarded to Paysandu, due to irregularities of the squad of Brasília. Brasília appealed the decision, and obtained a suspension which reversed this decision temporarily. A final decision by the Superior Court of Sports Justice (STJD) declared Brasília as the champion.
2752 Wu Chien-Shiung
2752 Wu Chien-Shiung, provisional designation 1965 SP, is an Eoan asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 16 kilometers (10 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 20 September 1965, by astronomers at Purple Mountain Observatory in Nanking, China. The asteroid has a long rotation period of 36.3 hours. It was named for Chinese-American nuclear physicist Chien-Shiung Wu.

Purple Mountain Observatory
Purple Mountain Observatory, also known as Zijinshan Astronomical Observatory, is a dual-use astronomical observatory operated by the Chinese Academy of Sciences, located at Purple Mountain east of Nanjing. The observatory conducts both open science, such as calculating the official Chinese calendar, and classified space domain awareness activities for the PLA Aerospace Force. The observatory's long-range precision mechanical tracking radars used for space surveillance are managed by PLAASF Base 26 as the Space Target and Debris Observation and Research Center.
Ribble Power Station
Ribble Power Station was a coal-fired electricity generating station on the River Ribble in Penwortham near Preston, Lancashire, England. The station was built by the Corporation of Preston to replace a small privately-run generating station in the town. It supplied electricity to Preston and the surrounding area from 1923 until 1976. The station was expanded with new equipment in 1943–47 (known as the No.2 or 'B' station) which remained in operation until the power station was closed in 1976 and was subsequently demolished.

National Grid (Great Britain)
The National Grid is the high-voltage electric power transmission network supporting the UK's electricity market, connecting power stations and major substations, and ensuring that electricity generated anywhere on the grid can be used to satisfy demand elsewhere. The network serves the majority of Great Britain and some of the surrounding islands. It does not cover Northern Ireland, which is part of the Irish single electricity market.

The National Grid is a wide area synchronous grid operating at 50 hertz and consisting of 400 kV and 275 kV lines, as well as 132 kV lines in Scotland. It has several undersea interconnectors: an AC connector to the Isle of Man, and HVDC connections to Northern Ireland, the Shetland Islands, the Republic of Ireland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands, Norway, and Denmark.
Big Fork Creek
Big Fork Creek is a stream in eastern Polk County, Arkansas. It is a tributary of the Ouachita River. The stream headwaters arise at 34°26′57.39″N 94°01′31.72″W﻿ / ﻿34.4492750°N 94.0254778°W﻿ / 34.4492750; -94.0254778 on the north slope of Missouri Mountains ridge in the Ouachita National Forest. The stream flows east then turns north and crosses under Arkansas Route 8 near Abernathy Springs. It flows generally north passing Big Fork and Opal to its confluence with the Ouachita River one mile south of the community of Cherry Hill.

Ouachita River
The Ouachita River (/ˈwɑːʃɪtɑː/ WAH-shi-tah) is a 605-mile-long (974 km) river that runs south and east through the U.S. states of Arkansas and Louisiana, joining the Tensas River to form the Black River near Jonesville, Louisiana. It is the 25th-longest river in the United States (by main stem).
Feren
Feren is a lake in Meråker Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. A small part in the northwestern corner of the lake extends into the municipalities of Stjørdal, Levanger, and Verdal at the outlet into the river Forra. The 26-square-kilometre (10 sq mi) lake lies about 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) north of the municipal center of Midtbygda, about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) north of the lake Funnsjøen, and about 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) north of the lake Fjergen.

Midtbygda, Trøndelag
Midtbygda or Meråker is the administrative centre of Meråker Municipality in Trøndelag county, Norway. Midtbygda is located along the Stjørdalselva river and the European route E14 highway. It is served by Meråker Station, which is a railway station located along the Meråker Line. The local Meråker Church lies about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of the village of Midtbygda. The lake Funnsjøen lies about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) to the north.

The 1.44-square-kilometre (360-acre) village has a population (2024) of 1,041 and a population density of 723 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,870/sq mi).
Thomas Courtenay (of Wootton Courtenay)
Sir Thomas Courtenay (1315 – 9 June 1362) of Wootton Courtenay in Somerset, was a knight and an English military commander against the French during the Hundred Years' War, who died about six years after the Battle of Poitiers.

Kingskerswell
Kingskerswell (formerly Kings Carswell, or Kings Kerswell) is a village and civil parish within Teignbridge local government district in the south of Devon, England. The village grew up where an ancient track took the narrowest point across a marshy valley and it is of ancient foundation, being mentioned in the Domesday Book. It has a church dating back to the 14th century and the ruins of a manor house of similar date. The coming of the railway in the 1840s had a large effect on the village, starting its conversion into a commuter town. The village is a major part of the electoral ward called Kerswell-with-Combe. This ward had a population of 5,679 at the 2011 census.

It was situated on a busy main road, part of the A380, between Torquay and Newton Abbot until the opening of the South Devon Highway in December 2015. There had been proposals to reroute this road to relieve the traffic bottleneck since 1951.
2015 Chinese Grand Prix
The 2015 Chinese Grand Prix (formally known as the 2015 Formula 1 Chinese Grand Prix) was a Formula One motor race that was held on 12 April 2015 at the Shanghai International Circuit in Shanghai, China. The race was the third round of the 2015 Formula One World Championship, and marked the twelfth time that the Chinese Grand Prix has been run as a round of the Formula One World Championship.

Lewis Hamilton was the defending race winner and went into the weekend with a three-point lead in the World Drivers' Championship over Sebastian Vettel, who had surprised the field by taking victory in the previous round at Malaysia. Hamilton took pole position during Saturday's qualifying, the 41st of his career and the third in a row. He went on to win the race from his teammate Nico Rosberg.

Shanghai International Circuit
The Shanghai International Circuit (simplified Chinese: 上海国际赛车场; traditional Chinese: 上海國際賽車場; pinyin: Shànghǎi Guójì Sàichēchǎng), also called the SAIC Shanghai International Circuit (simplified Chinese: 上海上汽国际赛车场; traditional Chinese: 上海上汽國際賽車場; pinyin: Shànghǎi Shàngqì Guójì Sàichēchǎng) for sponsorship purposes, is a motorsport race track, situated in the Jiading District, Shanghai, China. The circuit is best known as the venue for the annual Chinese Grand Prix which was hosted from 2004 to 2019, and from 2024 onwards. Besides Chinese Grand Prix, the circuit also hosts Shanghai ePrix starting from 2024.

The Shanghai International Circuit features over 10 top-tier domestic car racing events annually. It also boasts Shanghai's only world-class outdoor go-karting track.

As a nationally recognized 4A-rated tourist attraction, the circuit features tourism, shopping, dining, entertainment, and sports.

The track was resurfaced ahead of the 2025 Chinese Grand Prix.
Land reform in the Philippines
Land reform in the Philippines has long been a contentious issue rooted in the Spanish colonial period.  Some efforts began during the American colonial period with renewed efforts during the Commonwealth, following independence, during martial law, and especially following the People Power Revolution in 1986. The current law, the Comprehensive Agrarian Reform Program, was passed following the revolution and extended until 2014.

Department of Agrarian Reform
The Department of Agrarian Reform (DAR; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Repormang Pansakahan) is an executive department of the Philippine government responsible for the redistribution of agrarian land in the Philippines. The secretary of agrarian reform is the head of DAR.
Airopsis
Airopsis is a genus of southern European and northern African plants in the grass family.

Species

The only accepted species is Airopsis tenella, native to the western Mediterranean: Portugal, Spain, France incl Corsica, Italy incl Sicily, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco.

formerly included

Numerous other species were once included in Airopsis but are now regarded as better suited to other genera, including Aira Antinoria Dissanthelium Eragrostis Pentameris Periballia Poa Sphenopholis

Aira
Aira is a genus of Old World plants in the grass family, native to western and southern Europe, central and southwest Asia, plus Africa.

The common name, shared with the similar related genera Deschampsia and Koeleria, is hair-grass, from the very slender leaves and stems. The species typically occur on dry, sandy sites, and grow to 20–40 cm tall.

Several species are grown as ornamental plants for their very delicate airy seed heads, used in dried flower arrangements.

Species

formerly included

Many species now considered better suited to other genera: Agrostis, Antinoria, Arundinella, Arundo, Catabrosa, Colpodium, Corynephorus, Cyrtococcum, Deschampsia, Ehrharta, Eragrostis, Eriachne, Eustachys, Hierochloe, Koeleria, Molinia, Pentameris, Peyritschia, Poa, Puccinellia, Rostraria, Scolochloa, Sesleria, Sphenopholis, Sporobolus, Tricholaena, Trisetum etc.
Suresh Bhardwaj (actor)
Suresh Bhardwaj (born 6 June 1955) is an Indian theatre, film and television director as well as a lighting and scenic designer, currently residing in Kandiwali West, Mumbai . He has acted in many plays as lead actor as well. He is the director of (Aakar Kala Sangam) (AKS), a Delhi based theatre group. He has also served as faculty member of the National School of Drama
In 2005 he received the Sangeet Natak Akademi Award for lighting design from the Sangeet Natak Akademi, India's National Academy of Music, Dance & Drama.

Premchand
Dhanpat Rai Srivastava (31 July 1880 – 8 October 1936), better known as Munshi Premchand based on his pen name Premchand (pronounced [preːm t͡ʃənd̪] ⓘ), was an Indian writer famous for his modern Hindustani literature.

Premchand was a pioneer of Hindi and Urdu social fiction. He was one of the first authors to write about caste hierarchies and the plight of women and labourers of the late 1880s. He is one of the most celebrated writers of the Indian subcontinent, and is regarded as one of the foremost Hindi writers of the early twentieth century. His works include Godaan, Karmabhoomi, Gaban, Mansarovar, and Idgah. He published his first collection of five short stories in 1907 in a book called Soz-e-Watan (Sorrow of the Nation).

His works include more than a dozen novels, around 300 short stories, several essays and translations of a number of Indian and foreign literary works into Hindi.