hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gamini Samaranayake
Gamini S. V. D. Samaranayake was born in Anuradhapura, Sri Lanka. In September 2014, he was appointed as the Sri Lankan Ambassador to the Philippines. He also worked as a Chairman in the University Grants Commission - Sri Lanka.

University of Peradeniya
The University of Peradeniya (Sinhala: පේරාදෙණිය විශ්වවිද්‍යාලය, Tamil: பேராதனைப் பல்கலைக்கழகம்) is a public university in Sri Lanka, funded by the University Grants Commission. It is the largest university in Sri Lanka, which was originally established as the University of Ceylon in 1942. The university was officially opened on 20 April 1954, in the presence of Queen Elizabeth II, by Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh.

The University of Peradeniya hosts nine faculties, four postgraduate institutes (including the newly added Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences), 20 centres and units, 73 departments, and teaches about 12,000 students in the fields of Medicine, Agriculture, Arts, Science, Engineering, Dental Sciences, Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Management, and Allied Health Sciences. It claims to have the largest government endowment by a higher education institution in Sri Lanka, based on its large staff and faculties/departments.
Karasawa Castle
Karasawayama Castle (唐沢山城, Karasawayama-jō) was a Japanese castle originally built in the Heian period and used through the end of the Sengoku period. It was located in what is now part of the city of Sano, Tochigi Prefecture, in the northern Kantō region of Japan. The site has been protected as a National Historic Site, since 2014.

Sano, Tochigi
Sano (佐野市, Sano-shi) is a city located in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 August 2020,  the city had an estimated population of 117,669, in 52,066 households  and a population density of 330 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 356.04 square kilometres (137.47 sq mi). The city is known for its outlet mall, Sano Yakuyoke Daishi Temple, and its local variety of ramen, Sano ramen. More recently, Sano has gained international recognition for being the home of cricket in Japan.
62nd New York State Legislature
The 62nd New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from January 1 to May 7, 1839, during the first year of William H. Seward's governorship, in Albany.

Seneca County, New York
Seneca County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 33,814. The primary county seat is Waterloo, moved there from the original county seat of Ovid in 1819. It became a two-shire county in 1822, which currently remains in effect and uses both locations as county seats although the majority of Seneca County administrative offices are located in Waterloo. Therefore, most political sources list only Waterloo as the county seat. The county's name comes from the Seneca Nation of the Haudenosaunee (Iroquois), who occupied part of the region. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Seneca County comprises the Seneca Falls, NY Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also included in the Rochester-Batavia-Seneca Falls, NY Combined Statistical Area.
Tin Sau Bazaar
22°27′57″N 114°00′03″E﻿ / ﻿22.4657°N 114.0007°E﻿ / 22.4657; 114.0007

Tin Sau Bazaar (Chinese: 天秀墟), initially called Tin Shui Wai Bazaar, is opposite Tin Fu Court on Tin Sau Road in Tin Shui Wai, New Territories, Hong Kong. Occupying approximately 3,800 square metres, the bazaar is operated and managed by the Tung Wah Group of Hospitals (TWGHs), a non-profit non-governmental organisation (NGO). Construction began in January 2013 and the bazaar officially began operations on 8 February 2013.

Tung Wah Group of Hospitals
The Tung Wah Group of Hospitals (Chinese: 東華三院), with a history dating back to 1870, is the oldest and largest charitable organisation in Hong Kong. It provides extensive education and community services through 194 service centres spread across Hong Kong.

Although Tung Wah Group of Hospitals is purely a charitable organisation today, it was originally an organisation that brought together the most influential Chinese magnates of Hong Kong in early colonial period. Tung Wah Group of Hospitals is also responsible for the management of Man Mo Temple, once an important cultural centre of colonial Hong Kong.

Tung Wah Group of Hospitals' Gallery, can be found in Hong Kong Museum of Medical Sciences, exhibits antiques of the charitable organisation. Tung Wah Group of Hospitals Museum, also managed by Tung Wah Group of Hospitals, is located inside Kwong Wah Hospital.
Haasiella
Haasiella is a fungal genus in the family Hygrophoraceae. It is a monotypic genus that contains only the species Haasiella venustissima. Haasiella splendidissima, formerly considered to be a distinct species based on its 4-spored basidia, was found by a DNA study to be synonymous with Haasiella venustissima. Haasiella venustissima is only known from Europe and is saprotrophic on wood. Haasiella was described as a new genus in 1966 by Czech mycologists František Kotlaba and Zdeněk Pouzar. It is most closely related to the genus Hygrophorus.

The genus name is in honour of Hans Haas, a German mycologist, who was a specialist on Agaricus from Schnait near
Stuttgart.

Hygrophoraceae
The Hygrophoraceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. Originally conceived as containing white-spored, thick-gilled agarics (gilled mushrooms), including Hygrophorus and Hygrocybe species (the waxcaps or waxy caps), DNA evidence has extended the limits of the family, so it now contains not only agarics, but also basidiolichens and corticioid fungi. Species are thus diverse and are variously ectomycorrhizal, lichenized, associated with mosses, or saprotrophic. The family contains 34 genera and over 1000 species. None is of any great economic importance, though fruit bodies of some Hygrocybe and Hygrophorus species are considered edible and may be collected for sale in local markets.
Pavnisi church
The Pavnisi church of Saint George (Georgian: ფავნისის წმინდა გიორგის ეკლესია, romanized: pavnisis ts'minda giorgis ek'lesia) is a Georgian Orthodox church in the Kaspi Municipality  in Georgia's east-central region of Shida Kartli. It is a hall church dated to the 9th–10th-century. The church is known for its frescoes dated to the latter half of the 12th century. The church is inscribed on the list of Georgia's Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance.

Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance
The Immovable Cultural Monuments of National Significance (Georgian: ეროვნული მნიშვნელობის კატეგორიის კულტურის უძრავი ძეგლები) are buildings, structures, sites, or places in Georgia that have been determined to have nationwide cultural significance by meeting special criteria developed by the Ministry of Culture and are subject to preservation by the state.

The monument must have an outstanding artistic or aesthetic value, be associated with a particularly important historical event, person, or overall national values.

The original list of the Immovable Monuments of Cultural Heritage was approved in the Presidential decree No. 665 of 7 November 2006. Since then, it has been updated several times. After the amendments of 2013, the monument can be defined as having national significance by the resolution of the Government of Georgia based on the submission of the Ministry of Culture.
Camp shirt
A camp shirt, variously known as a cabin shirt, Cuban collar shirt, cabana shirt, and lounge shirt, is a loose, straight-cut, woven, short-sleeved button-front shirt or blouse with a simple placket front opening and a "camp collar"–a one-piece collar (no band collar) that can be worn open and spread or closed at the neck with a button and loop.  It usually has a straight hemmed bottom falling at hip level, not intended to be tucked into trousers.

While camp shirts are generally made from plain, single-color fabrics, variants include duo-tone bowling shirts and print patterned aloha shirts.

Blouse
A blouse (/blaʊz, blaʊs, bluːz/) is a loose-fitting upper garment that may be worn by workmen, peasants, artists, women, and children. It is typically gathered at the waist or hips (by tight hem, pleats, parter, or belt) so that it hangs loosely ("blouses") over the wearer's body.  Today, the word most commonly refers to a girl's or woman's dress shirt, although there is considerable confusion between a true blouse and a women's shirt. It can also refer to a man's shirt if it is a loose-fitting style (e.g. poet shirts and Cossack shirts), though it rarely is. Traditionally, the term has been used to refer to a shirt which blouses out or has an unmistakably feminine appearance, although even many "standard" shirts today have a somewhat blousy fit, and the numbers of men wearing such shirts may match (or even exceed) that of women wearing actual blouses.

The term is also used for some men's military uniform jackets.
Stipagrostis namaquensis
Stipagrostis namaquensis (river bushman grass; Afrikaans: Steekkweek, "stinging weed") is a species of grass native to Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho, and the Cape Provinces and Free State of South Africa, especially in the Nama Karoo. It is listed as "safe" (LC) on the SANBI Red List.

Stipagrostis namaquensis is a perennial loose tussock with extended rhizomes. The lower sheathes are fuzzy, and the stems are kneaded or upright at 10–20 cm long. The leaf sheaths can be bare or fuzzy, but the leaves stick up 6–10 cm long and measure 1–2 mm wide. The flower is an open or lance-shaped plume if 10–15 cm, and the spines are 10–15 mm long.

African lovegrass is mildly suited to grazing.

Cape Provinces
The Cape Provinces of South Africa is a biogeographical area used in the World Geographical Scheme for Recording Plant Distributions (WGSRPD). It is part of the WGSRPD region 27 Southern Africa. The area has the code "CPP". It includes the South African provinces of the Eastern Cape, the Northern Cape and the Western Cape, together making up most of the former Cape Province.

The area includes the Cape Floristic Region, the smallest of the six recognised floral kingdoms of the world, an area of extraordinarily high diversity and endemism, home to more than 9,000 vascular plant species, of which 69 percent are endemic.
SN 1990U
SN 1990U was a Type Ic supernova event in the nucleus of the  galaxy NGC 7479. It was discovered July 27, 1990 by the Berkeley Automated Supernova Search after reaching magnitude 16±0.5. Initially this was classified as a Type Ib supernova, but the weakness of the neutral helium absorption lines led to a reclassification.

Type Ib and Ic supernovae
Type Ib and Type Ic supernovae are categories of supernovae that are caused by the stellar core collapse of massive  stars. These stars have shed or been stripped of their outer envelope of hydrogen, and, when compared to the spectrum of Type Ia supernovae, they lack the absorption line of silicon. Compared to Type Ib, Type Ic supernovae are hypothesized to have lost more of their initial envelope, including most of their helium.
Service virtualization
In software engineering, service virtualization or service virtualisation is a method to emulate the behavior of specific components in heterogeneous component-based applications such as API-driven applications, cloud-based applications and service-oriented architectures.
It is used to provide software development and QA/testing teams access to dependent system components that are needed to exercise an application under test (AUT), but are unavailable or difficult-to-access for development and testing purposes. With the behavior of the dependent components "virtualized", testing and development can proceed without accessing the actual live components.
Service virtualization is recognized by vendors, industry analysts, and industry publications as being different than mocking. See here for a Comparison of API simulation tools.

Mainframe computer
A mainframe computer, informally called a mainframe, maxicomputer, or big iron, is a computer used primarily by large organizations for critical applications like bulk data processing for tasks such as censuses, industry and consumer statistics, enterprise resource planning, and large-scale transaction processing. A mainframe computer is large but not as large as a supercomputer and has more processing power than some other classes of computers, such as minicomputers, workstations, and personal computers. Most large-scale computer-system architectures were established in the 1960s, but they continue to evolve. Mainframe computers are often used as servers.

The term mainframe was derived from the large cabinet, called a main frame, that housed the central processing unit and main memory of early computers. Later, the term mainframe was used to distinguish high-end commercial computers from less powerful machines.
Gymnobathra origenes
Gymnobathra origenes is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. This species is in need of taxonomic revision and it has been hypothesised that it belongs to the family Gelechiidae. The species is endemic to New Zealand. It has been classified as Data Deficient by the Department of Conservation. This species is known from only one specimen.

Oecophoridae
Oecophoridae (concealer moths) is a family of small moths in the superfamily Gelechioidea. The phylogeny and systematics of gelechoid moths are still not fully resolved, and the circumscription of the Oecophoridae is strongly affected by this.
Farm Frenzy
Farm Frenzy (Russian: Весёлая ферма) is a series of downloadable casual games developed by Melesta Games and published by Alawar Entertainment. The Android version of the game was developed by HeroCraft. The series utilizes a point-and-click arcade gameplay model that enables the player to manage the production processes on a farm using a mouse. Most of its success came on mobile platforms. It debuted in December 2007 on Windows.

Some games of the series became available to download as PlayStation Minis through the PlayStation Store. They could be played on both the PlayStation Portable (PSP) and the PlayStation 3 (PS3). The games available were: Farm Frenzy, Farm Frenzy 2, Farm Frenzy: Pizza Party, and Farm Frenzy 3.

Casual game
A casual game is a video game targeted at a mass market audience, as opposed to a hardcore game, which is targeted at hobbyist gamers. Casual games may exhibit any type of gameplay and genre. They generally involve simpler rules, shorter sessions, and require less learned skill. They do not expect familiarity with a standard set of mechanics, controls, and tropes.

Countless casual games have been developed and published, alongside hardcore games, across the history of video games.  A concerted effort to capitalize on casual games grew in the 1990s and 2000s, as many developers and publishers branded themselves as casual game companies, publishing games especially for PCs, web browsers, and smartphones.
St. Paul College of Ilocos Sur
Saint Paul College of Ilocos Sur, also referred to by its acronym SPCIS or SPC Ilocos Sur, is a private Catholic basic and higher education institution run by the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres (SPC) in Bayubay, San Vicente, Ilocos Sur. It is the second oldest private school in Ilocos Sur, Philippines and is a member school of the St. Paul University System. It was founded by the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres in 1905, thus the second oldest school in the St. Paul University System and one of the seven campuses comprising the system as well.

It is one of the 40 schools owned, managed, and operated by the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres (SPC) in the Philippines.

St. Paul University Dumaguete
Saint Paul University, also referred to by its acronym SPUD or SPU Dumaguete, is a private Roman Catholic research non-profit coeducational basic and higher education institution run by the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres in Dumaguete, Philippines. It was founded by the Paulinian Sisters on October 29, 1904.

It is one of 40 schools owned, managed, and operated by the Sisters of St. Paul of Chartres (SPC) in the Philippines. It offers basic, undergraduate and graduate education.

It is one of the seven campuses comprising the St. Paul University System.
Tzere
Tzere (also spelled Tsere, Tzeirei, Zere, Zeire, Ṣērê; modern Hebrew: צֵירֵי, IPA: [tseˈʁe], sometimes also written צירה‎; formerly צֵרֵי‎ ṣērê) is a Hebrew niqqud vowel sign represented by two horizontally-aligned dots "◌ֵ" underneath a letter. In modern Hebrew, tzere is mostly pronounced the same as segol and indicates the phoneme /e̞/, which is the same as the "e" sound in the vowel segol and is transliterated as an "e". There was a distinction in Tiberian Hebrew between segol and Tzere.

Yodh
Yodh (also spelled jodh, yod, or jod) is the tenth letter of the Semitic abjads, including Phoenician yōd 𐤉, Hebrew yod י‎, Aramaic yod 𐡉, Syriac yōḏ ܝ, and Arabic yāʾ ي‎. It is also related to the Ancient North Arabian 𐪚‎‎‎, South Arabian 𐩺, and Ge'ez የ. Its sound value is /j/ in all languages for which it is used; in many languages, it also serves as a long vowel, representing /iː/.

The Phoenician letter gave rise to the Greek Iota (Ι), Latin I and J,  Cyrillic І, Coptic Iauda (Ⲓ) and Gothic eis .

The term yod is often used to refer to the speech sound [j], a palatal approximant, even in discussions of languages not written in Semitic abjads, as in phonological phenomena such as English "yod-dropping".
Deep Throat (The X-Files)
Deep Throat is a fictional character on the American science fiction television series The X-Files. He serves as an informant, leaking information to FBI Special Agent Fox Mulder to aid Mulder's investigation of paranormal cases, dubbed X-Files. Introduced in the series' second episode, also named "Deep Throat", the character was killed off during the first season finale "The Erlenmeyer Flask"; however, he later made several appearances in flashbacks and visions. In the season 11 episode "This", his real name is ostensibly revealed to be Ronald Pakula.

The character of Deep Throat was portrayed by Jerry Hardin in all his appearances. After the character was killed, Steven Williams was introduced in the second season episode "The Host" to portray his successor, X. The creation of Deep Throat was inspired by the historical Deep Throat, Mark Felt, who leaked information on the Watergate scandal, and by Donald Sutherland's character X in the film JFK.

Bob Woodward
Robert Upshur Woodward (born March 26, 1943) is an American investigative journalist. He started working for The Washington Post as a reporter in 1971 and now holds the honorific title of associate editor there, though the Post no longer employs him.

While a reporter for The Washington Post in 1972, Woodward teamed up with Carl Bernstein, and the two did much of the original news reporting on the Watergate scandal. These scandals led to numerous government investigations and the eventual resignation of President Richard Nixon. The work of Woodward and Bernstein was called "maybe the single greatest reporting effort of all time" by longtime journalist and former editor of The New York Times Gene Roberts.

Woodward continued to work for The Washington Post after his reporting on Watergate. Since 1974, he has written 21 books on American politics and current affairs, 14 of which have topped best-seller lists.
Earth's outer core
Earth's outer core is a fluid layer about 2,260 km (1,400 mi) thick, composed of mostly  iron and nickel that lies above Earth's solid inner core and below its mantle. The outer core begins approximately 2,889 km (1,795 mi) beneath Earth's surface at the core-mantle boundary and ends 5,150 km (3,200 mi) beneath Earth's surface at the inner core boundary.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
Mount Street Club
The Mount Street Club was a charity in Ireland for the unemployed of Dublin. It took its name from the location of its premises at 81–82 Lower Mount Street and as an ironic echo of the Kildare Street Club, former bastion of the Protestant Ascendancy.

Kildare Street Club
The Kildare Street Club is a historical member's club in Dublin, Ireland, at the heart of the Anglo-Irish Protestant Ascendancy.

The club remained in Kildare Street between 1782 and 1977, when it merged with the Dublin University Club to become the Kildare Street & University Club, moving to the University Club's 1776 premises at number 17 on the North side of St Stephen's Green. Its second Kildare Street clubhouse, built between 1859 and 1860, has not been disposed of but, as of 2002, was leased to the Alliance Française.
Toba Domain
Toba Domain (鳥羽藩, Toba-han) was a Japanese domain of the Edo period, located in Shima Province (part of modern-day Mie Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Toba Castle in what is now the city of Toba.

Abolition of the han system
The abolition of the han system (廃藩置県, haihan-chiken) in the Empire of Japan and its replacement by a system of prefectures in 1871 was the culmination of the Meiji Restoration begun in 1868, the starting year of the Meiji period. Under the reform, all daimyos (大名, daimyō, feudal lords) were required to return their authority to the Emperor Meiji and his house. The process was accomplished in several stages, resulting in a new centralized government of Meiji Japan and the replacement of the old feudal system with a new oligarchy.
Lysinibacillus
Lysinibacillus  is a genus of bacteria from the family of Bacillaceae. Members of this genus, in contrast to the type species of the genus Bacillus, contains peptidoglycan with lysine, aspartic acid, alanine and glutamic acid.

Bacillaceae
Bacillaceae, from Latin "bacillus", meaning "little staff, wand", are a family of gram-positive, heterotrophic, rod-shaped bacteria that may produce endospores. Motile members of this family are characterized by peritrichous flagella. Some Bacillaceae are aerobic, while others are facultative or strict anaerobes. Most are not pathogenic, but certain Bacillus species are known to cause disease in humans.
Wiebesia pumilae
Wiebesia pumilae is a fig wasp species in the genus Wiebesia, Family Agaonidae. W. pumilae is the pollinator of Ficus pumila var. awkeotsang (Jelly Fig) and Ficus pumila var. pumila (Creeping Fig). The scientific name was first published as Blastophaga pumilae in 1967 by Hill.

W. pumilae is found in Taiwan, Hong Kong and China. There are three species of pollinators of Ficus pumila: Wiebesia pumilae sp.1, Wiebesia pumilae sp.2, Wiebesia pumilae sp.3.

Ovipositor
The ovipositor is  a tube-like organ used by some animals, especially insects, for the laying of eggs. In insects, an ovipositor consists of a maximum of three pairs of appendages.  The details and morphology of the ovipositor vary, but typically its form is adapted to functions such as preparing a place for the egg, transmitting the egg, and then placing it properly.  For most insects, the organ is used merely to attach the egg to some surface, but for many parasitic species (primarily in wasps and other Hymenoptera), it is a piercing organ as well.

Some ovipositors only retract partly when not in use, and the basal part that sticks out is known as the scape, or more specifically oviscape, the word scape deriving from the Latin word scāpus, meaning "stalk" or "shaft".