hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lukas Britschgi
Lukas Britschgi (born 17 February 1998) is a Swiss figure skater. He is the 2025 European champion, 2023 European bronze medalist, a two-time Grand Prix medalist, an eight-time ISU Challenger Series medalist (including gold at the 2023 Warsaw Cup), and a six-time Swiss national champion (2019–20, 2022, 2024–26). He represented Switzerland at the 2022 Winter Olympics and the 2026 Winter Olympics. He is the first Swiss man to win the European Championships title since 1947.

NRW Trophy
The NRW Trophy (also known as the NRW Summer Trophy or the NRW Autumn Trophy) is an annual international figure skating competition organized by the Skating Union of North Rhine-Westphalia. Since 2007, it has been sanctioned by the Deutsche Eislauf Union and the International Skating Union. It is held every autumn at the Westfalenhallen in Dortmund, Germany. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. The competition is held in two parts: The Ice Dance Trophy is held in early November, while the Figure Skating Trophy is held for singles and pair skating in late November or early December.
China Touring Car Championship
The China Touring Car Championship (CTCC; Chinese: 中国汽车场地职业联赛; pinyin: Zhōngguó Qìchē Chǎngdì Zhíyè Liánsài) is a touring car racing series based in China and sanctioned by Lisheng Sports. It was established in 2004 following the opening of Shanghai International Circuit, and was known as the China Circuit Championship (CCC) between 2004 and 2008. The series currently consists of two classes - the TCR-based Super class, which has also been known as the TCR China Touring Car Championship since 2023, and the production car-based Sports Cup.

The series tried to join forces with the Japanese Touring Car Championship, which attempted to reboot itself in 2012.

TCR China Touring Car Championship
The TCR China Touring Car Championship is a touring car racing series based in China. The series was officially launched in December 2016, ahead of a five-round 2017 championship season, with the slight name change from Chinese to China. In 2024, the TCR China Challenge was established to split the field due to an excessive number of cars in the main championship.
Diogenes of Cyzicus
Diogenes of Cyzicus (Ancient Greek: Διογένης ἐπίσκοπος Κυζίκου, romanized: Diogenes episkopos Kyzikou) was the metropolitan bishop of the Metropolis of Cyzicus from before 449 to after 451. He participated in the Second Council of Ephesus (449) and the Council of Chalcedon (451), where he opposed the Monophysite doctrine of Eutyches.

He is not to be confused with the 3rd century grammarian Diogenianus or Diogenes of Cyzicus, who wrote the Patria of Cyzicus and is described in the Suda.

Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria
Dioscorus I (Greek: Διόσκορος Α΄ ὁ Ἀλεξανδρείας), also known as Dioscorus the Great, was the pope of Alexandria and patriarch of the See of St. Mark who was deposed by the Council of Chalcedon in 451. He was recognized as patriarch by the Coptic Church until his death. He died in Gangra, Paphlagonia, in September 454. He is venerated as a saint by the Coptic and other Oriental Orthodox Churches.
Silver Streak (bus)
The Silver Streak is a bus rapid transit service between Los Angeles and Montclair, operated by Foothill Transit. Between Downtown Los Angeles and El Monte, buses use the El Monte Busway. Between El Monte and the Montclair Transit Center, buses travel on the San Bernardino Freeway. The service was introduced in 2007 in response to overcrowding on Foothill Transit route 480. It runs 24 hours a day, with hourly service in the late evening.

LA Metro's J Line service, which also uses the El Monte Busway, was introduced in 2009, and since 2012, both agencies have offered a reciprocal fare program, allowing pass holders to ride either route between Downtown Los Angeles and El Monte.

Interstate 10 in California
Interstate 10 (I-10) is a transcontinental Interstate Highway in the United States, stretching from Santa Monica, California, to Jacksonville, Florida. The segment of I-10 in California, also known as the Pearl Harbor Memorial Highway, runs east from Santa Monica through Los Angeles, San Bernardino, and Palm Springs before crossing into the state of Arizona. In the Greater Los Angeles area, it is known as the Santa Monica and San Bernardino freeways, linked by a short concurrency on I-5 (Golden State Freeway) at the East Los Angeles Interchange. I-10 also has parts designated as the Rosa Parks and Sonny Bono Memorial freeways. Some parts were also formerly designated as the Christopher Columbus Transcontinental Highway. However, the California State Legislature removed this designation following the passage of a bill on August 31, 2022. I-10 is also known colloquially as "the 10" to Southern California residents (See also California English § Freeways).
1985 Artemio Franchi Cup
The 1985 Artemio Franchi Cup was the first edition of the Artemio Franchi Cup, a football match between the winners of the previous South American and European championships. The match featured France, winners of UEFA Euro 1984, and Uruguay, winners of the 1983 Copa América. It was played at Parc des Princes in Paris, France, on 21 August 1985.

France won the match 2–0 to become the first champions of the Artemio Franchi Cup.

UEFA Euro 1984
The 1984 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in France from 12 to 27 June 1984. It was the seventh UEFA European Championship, a competition held every four years and endorsed by UEFA.

At the time, only eight countries took part in the final stage of the tournament, seven of which had to come through the qualifying stage. France qualified automatically as hosts of the event; in the tournament led by Michel Platini, who scored nine goals in France's all five matches, which is still the record for goals scored in a single tournament and until UEFA Euro 2020 was also the record for goals scored by a single player at all tournaments. Les Bleus won the championship – their first major international title.
Minister of Public Works (Denmark)
The Minister of Public Works (Danish: Minister for offentlige arbejder) was the Danish minister responsible for the Ministry of Public Works. The position was created in 1894, following a split from the Minister of the Interior. In 1987, the position was abolished and the roles were transferred to the Minister of Transport.

Minister of the Interior (Denmark)
The Minister of the Interior (Danish: Indenrigsminister) is a member of the Danish cabinet and the head of the Ministry of the Interior.

After the 2007 Folketing elections, the ministry was disbanded, and its areas of responsibility divided between two newly created ministries, the Ministry of Welfare and the Ministry of Health and Prevention. With the announcement of the first Lars Løkke Rasmussen cabinet in 2009, the Ministry of Welfare was abolished and replaced by the Ministry of the Interior and Social Affairs, a de facto re-establishment of two old ministries. Only emancipation affairs were moved to the Ministry of Employment.
Mncedisi Malika
Mncedisi Malika (born 12 June 1997) is a South African first-class cricketer. He was included in the Border squad for the 2016 Africa T20 Cup. He made his List A debut for Border in the 2016–17 CSA Provincial One-Day Challenge on 23 October 2016. In August 2018, he was named in Border's squad for the 2018 Africa T20 Cup. He was the leading run-scorer for Border in the 2018–19 CSA 3-Day Provincial Cup, with 496 runs in ten matches. In April 2021, he was named in Border's squad, ahead of the 2021–22 cricket season in South Africa.

Border cricket team
Border is the team representing the Border region in domestic first-class cricket in South Africa.  The team began playing in March 1898. When Cricket South Africa introduced the franchise system in 2004, Border merged with Eastern Province to form the Warriors.
Virtual finite-state machine
A virtual finite-state machine (VFSM) is a finite-state machine (FSM) defined in a virtual environment. The VFSM concept provides a software specification method to describe the behaviour of a control system using assigned names of input control properties and output actions.

The VFSM method introduces an execution model and facilitates the idea of an executable specification. This technology is mainly used in complex machine control, instrumentation, and telecommunication applications.

State variable
A state variable is one of the set of variables that are used to describe the mathematical "state" of a dynamical system.  Intuitively, the state of a system describes enough about the system to determine its future behaviour in the absence of any external forces affecting the system. Models that consist of coupled first-order differential equations are said to be in state-variable form.

In thermodynamics, state variables are defined as large-scale characteristics or aggregate properties of a system which provide a macroscopic description of it. In general, state variables have the following properties in common:

They don't involve any special assumptions concerning the structure of matter, fields or radiation.

They are few in number needed to describe the system.

They are fundamental, as suggested by our sensory perceptions.

They can be, in general, directly measured.
1st Arizona Territorial Legislature
The 1st Arizona Territorial Legislative Assembly was a session of the Arizona Territorial Legislature which began on September 26, 1864, in Prescott, Arizona, and ran for forty-three days.  The session was responsible for enacting Arizona's first legal code, creation of the territory's first four counties, and authorizing a volunteer militia to fight hostile Indians.

Arizona Territorial Legislature
The Arizona Territorial Legislature served as the legislative body of the Arizona Territory. It was a bicameral legislature consisting of a lower house, the House of Representatives, and an upper house, the council. Created by the Arizona Organic Act, the legislature initially consisted of nine members in the council and eighteen members in the House, meeting once a year until 1869, when the U.S. Congress changed the meeting sessions to biannually. In 1881, the legislature expanded to twelve Council members and twenty-four Representatives.

The Arizona Territorial Legislature was replaced by the Arizona State Legislature after Arizona achieved statehood.
Miracle of the gulls
The miracle of the gulls is an 1848 event often credited by members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints for saving the second harvest of the Mormon pioneers in the Salt Lake Valley. While absent in contemporary accounts, later accounts stated seagulls miraculously saved the 1848 crops by eating thousands of insects that were devouring their fields.  The first crop was planted in 1847 a few days after the pioneers entered the valley, which was very late in the growing season and produced a meager but usable harvest. Next spring, using seed from the first harvest, they planted their second crop, only to watch in dismay as the crickets attacked. Less than two years earlier, in October 1846, many of them were saved by quail that flew into their camp, on their trek to the Great Salt Lake and made available as food.

Orson Pratt
Orson Pratt Sr. (September 19, 1811 – October 3, 1881) was an American religious leader and mathematician who was an original member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles of the Church of Christ (Latter Day Saints). After the succession crisis Pratt continued in the Quorum of the Twelve of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and was a leading Mormon theologian and writer until his death.
Olivier Boscagli
Olivier Maxime Boscagli (born 18 November 1997), is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back or left-back for Premier League club Brighton & Hove Albion. Born in Monaco, he has represented France at youth level.

2024–25 Eredivisie
The 2024–25 Eredivisie was the 69th season of Eredivisie, the premier football competition in the Netherlands. It began on 9 August 2024 and concluded on 1 June 2025.

PSV Eindhoven, who entered the last 5 weeks of the season 9 points behind Ajax, entered the last week ahead thanks to Ajax's point losses and defeated Sparta 3-1 in the last match of the league on May 18, 2025 and completed the league as champion for the 26th time.
Star Saga
Star Saga is a series of video games which combine a computerized game arbiter with a game board and books of printed text. The games blend aspects of paper gamebooks with role-playing video games. They were released for MS-DOS and the Apple II.

Gamebook
A gamebook is a work of printed fiction that allows the reader to participate in the story by making choices. The narrative branches along various paths, typically through the use of numbered paragraphs or pages. Each narrative typically does not follow paragraphs in a linear or ordered fashion. Gamebooks are sometimes called choose your own adventure books or CYOA (after the influential Choose Your Own Adventure series originally published by US company Bantam Books) or pick-a-paths. Gamebooks influenced hypertext fiction.

Production of new gamebooks in the West decreased dramatically during the 1990s as choice-based stories have moved away from print-based media, although the format may be experiencing a resurgence on mobile and ebook platforms. Such digital gamebooks are considered interactive fiction or visual novels.
1987 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election
Elections to the Mizoram Legislative Assembly were held in February 1987 to elect members of the 40 constituencies in Mizoram, India. Although designated as Independents, the Mizo National Front won the majority of seats. Its leader, Laldenga was appointed as the Chief Minister of Mizoram.

One of the conditions of the Mizoram Peace Accord was the conversion of Mizoram from a Union Territory to a state. This was achieved through the State of Mizoram Act, 1986 by which, the seats in the Legislative Assembly were increased from thirty to forty.

Mizoram Peace Accord
The Mizoram Peace Accord, 1986 was an official agreement between the Government of India and the Mizo National Front (MNF) to end insurgency and violence in Mizoram, India, that started in 1966. The Mizo National Front was an organisation of Mizo secessionists led by Laldenga to fight for independence from India. The movement was basically due to lack of support from the government during the great famine (called Mautam) in Mizoram in the late 1950s. Political insurgency and social unrest ensued in the next decades. After a number of negotiations, the document titled Mizoram Accord, 1986: Memorandum of Settlement was finally signed on 30 June 1986. It was signed by Laldenga for MNF, R.D. Pradhan, Home Secretary, Government of India, and Lalkhama, Chief Secretary, Government of Mizoram. It is remarked as the most and only successful peace agreement in India after its independence from British Empire in 1947.
Tetsuya Matsumoto
Tetsuya Matsumoto (松本 哲也, Matsumoto Tetsuya ; born July 3, 1984 in Yamanashi, Yamanashi) is a Nippon Professional Baseball player for the Yomiuri Giants in Japan's Central League.  He was named the 2009 Central League Rookie of the Year.

Central League
The Central League (セントラル・リーグ, Sentoraru Rīgu) or Ce League (セ・リーグ, Se Rīgu), also known as the JERA Central League (JERAセ・リーグ, JERA Se Rīgu) for sponsorship reasons, is one of the two professional baseball leagues that constitute Nippon Professional Baseball in Japan. The winner of the league championship plays against the winner of the Pacific League in the annual Japan Series. It currently consists of six teams from around the country. Unlike the Pacific League, designated hitters are not used during Central League home games. The Central League has voted to adopt the designated hitter beginning in 2027.
Netherlands Rugby League Bond
The Netherlands Rugby League Bond (NRLB) is the governing body for the sport of rugby league football in the Netherlands. Formed in 2009, they obtained observer status with the RLEF (now European Rugby League) in February 2012, and affiliate membership in June 2017.

European Rugby League
The European Rugby League (ERL) (previously Rugby League European Federation (RLEF)) is the umbrella body for nations playing the sport of rugby league football across Europe. In the absence of other continental federations, ERL also controls rugby league in North America  the Middle East and Africa through its sub-branches Americas Rugby League and Middle East-Africa Rugby League.
John Raven (cricketer)
John Earle Reynolds Raven (23 April 1851 – 3 April 1940) was an English cricketer.  Raven was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm fast-medium.  He was born at Broughton Astley, Leicestershire.

Raven made a single first-class appearance for Sussex against Surrey at The Oval in 1874.  In this match, he bowled 18 wicketless overs in Surrey's first-innings as they compiled 348 all out, while in Sussex's first-innings he batted at number eleven and was dismissed for 10 runs by James Southerton, with Sussex being dismissed for 147.  Sussex were forced to follow-on, with Raven scoring 4 runs before being dismissed by James Street, with Sussex being dismissed for 199.  Surrey won the match by an innings and 2 runs.  This was his only major appearance for Sussex.

Raven died at Nutfield, Surrey on 3 April 1940, at the age of 89.

James Street (cricketer)
James Street (10 March 1839 – 17 September 1906) was an English cricketer who played for Surrey between 1863 and 1878. A round arm fast bowler, he took 534 of his 540 first-class wickets for Surrey. Subsequently he became an umpire, appearing in that role between 1873 and 1899, but in only two matches before 1877. He umpired in one Test match, that between England and Australia at The Oval on 11 and 12 August 1890.

He did not become a regular for Surrey until 1868, and even after he had established himself his bowling figures were not especially good by the standards of the time. His best seasons were 1872 and 1873, when he took 60 wickets at an average of 15.11 and then 70 at 17.57.

His brother, George Street, and his son, Alfred Street, were both umpires, his son also playing for Surrey as well as surpassing his father by umpiring in seven Tests.
Aliza Greenblatt
Aliza Greenblatt (Yiddish: עליזה גרינבלאַט; née Waitzman; September 8, 1888 – September 21, 1975) was an American Yiddish poet. Many of her poems, which were widely published in the Yiddish press, were also set to music and recorded by composers including Abraham Ellstein, Solomon Golub, and Esther Zweig. They were also recorded by Theodore Bikel and Sidor Belarsky, among others. Greenblatt published five volumes of Yiddish poetry and an autobiography in Yiddish, Baym fentsṭer fun a lebn (A Window on a Life Yiddish: ביים פענצטער פון א לעבן) and her works include such well-known Yiddish songs as Fisherlid, Amar Abaye, and Du, Du.

Solomon Golub
Solomon Golub (27 February 1887 in Latvia – 18 June 1952 in Bronx, New York) was a Russian Empire-born, naturalized American, song composer. A collection of his Yiddish songs was published by Metro Music in 1936.
Warrantless searches in the United States
Warrantless searches are searches and seizures conducted without court-issued search warrants.

In the United States, warrantless searches are restricted under the Fourth Amendment to the United States Constitution, part of the Bill of Rights, which states, "The right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no Warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized."

Search and seizure
Search and seizure is a procedure used in many civil law and common law legal systems by which police or other authorities and their agents, who, suspecting that a crime has been committed, commence a search of a person's property and seize or confiscate any relevant evidence found in connection to the crime.

Some countries have certain provisions in their constitutions that provide the public with the right to be free from "unreasonable searches and seizures". This right is generally based on the premise that everyone is entitled to a reasonable right to privacy.

Though specific interpretation may vary, this right can often require law enforcement to obtain a search warrant or consent of the owner before engaging in any form of search and seizure. In cases where evidence is seized in a search, that evidence might be rejected by court procedures, such as with a motion to suppress the evidence under the exclusionary rule.
Lisa Biagiotti
Lisa Biagiotti (born August 20, 1979) is a filmmaker and journalist based in Los Angeles. She is the director and on-camera correspondent of On the Streets, a Los Angeles Times 12-part series and 72-minute feature documentary on homelessness in Southern California. She directed and produced deepsouth, an independent documentary about poverty, HIV/AIDS and LGBT issues in the rural American South. Biagiotti is a Fulbright Scholar and a graduate of the Columbia University Graduate School of Journalism. She is of Italian descent from her father and  Hakka Chinese Jamaican descent from her mother.

Chinese Jamaicans
Chinese Jamaicans are Jamaicans of Chinese ancestry, who include descendants of migrants from China to Jamaica. Early migrants came in the 19th century; there was another wave of migration in the 1980s and 1990s. Many descendants of early migrants have moved abroad, primarily to Canada and the United States. Most Chinese Jamaicans are Hakka and many can trace their origin to the indentured Chinese laborers who came to Jamaica from the mid-19th to early 20th centuries. According to one study, approximately 4% of Jamaican men have a direct Chinese paternal ancestor.
The Americano (1916 film)
The Americano is a 1916 American silent adventure/romantic comedy film directed by John Emerson and stars Douglas Fairbanks in his last production for Triangle Film Corporation. Based on the novel Blaze Derringer, by Eugene P. Lyle, Jr., the scenario was written by John Emerson and Anita Loos who also wrote the film's intertitles. The film was re-released by S.A. Lynch Enterprises on August 21, 1923. Three 16mm prints and one 8mm print of the film still exists. Set in a fictional South American country of Paragonia, it has been described as one of a group of films that supported United States imperialism by providing support to the idea of manifest destiny.

Triangle Film Corporation
Triangle Film Corporation (also known as Triangle Motion Picture Company) was a major American motion-picture studio, founded in July 1915 in Culver City, California and terminated 7 years later in 1922.
Nakayama Tunnel (Niigata Prefecture)
Nakayama Tunnel (Japanese: 中山隧道, Hepburn: Nakayama zuidō) is unused tunnel on National Route 291 in Niigata, Japan. It is located at between Naganuma and Uonuma. Its length is 922 m and this is longest hand‐cut tunnel in Japan.

It made in between 1933 and 1949 by residents in Komatsukura settlement (小松倉地区, Komatsukura chiku), old Yamakoshi Village. In 1998, new tunnel for vehicles was opened and old tunnel have been preserved as historic site. It is known that construction of new tunnel was involved with Kakuei Tanaka.

There is a documentary film named "Horumaika Tebori Nakayama-Zuido no Kiroku (掘るまいか 手掘り中山隧道の記録)" directed by Shinichi Hashimoto. It is designated on Civil Engineering Heritage Sites Selection by Japan Society of Civil Engineers in 2006.

Nagaoka, Niigata
Nagaoka (長岡市, Nagaoka-shi) is a city located in Niigata Prefecture, Japan. It is the second largest city in the prefecture, after the capital city of Niigata. As of 4 August 2021, the city had an estimated population of 264,611 in 109,283 households and a population density of 300 inhabitants per square kilometre (780/sq mi). The total area of the city was 891.06 square kilometres (344.04 sq mi).