hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linguistica Uralica
Linguistica Uralica is an international journal which deals with Finno-Ugric and Samoyedic topics. The journal is published in Tallinn under the auspices of Estonian Academy of Sciences.

The first number was issued in 1963. Until 1989, the journal's name was Sovetskoje Finno-ugrovedenije (Russian: Советское финно-угрoведение).

In a year, four numbers are given out. Average circulation is 300 items.

Editors-in-chief:

1965-1990 Paul Ariste

1990-1996 Paul Kokla

1997-... Väino Klaus.

Finno-Ugric languages
Finno-Ugric (/ˌfɪnoʊˈjuːɡrɪk, -ˈuː-/) is a traditional linguistic grouping of all languages in the Uralic language family except for the Samoyedic languages. Its once commonly accepted status as a subfamily of Uralic is based on criteria formulated in the 19th century and is criticized by contemporary linguists such as Tapani Salminen and Ante Aikio. The three most spoken Uralic languages, Hungarian, Finnish, and Estonian, are all included in Finno-Ugric.

The term Finno-Ugric, which originally referred to the entire family, is occasionally used as a synonym for the term Uralic, which includes the Samoyedic languages, as commonly happens when a language family is expanded with further discoveries. Before the 20th century, the language family might be referred to as Finnish, Ugric, Finno-Hungarian or with a variety of other names. The name Finno-Ugric came into general use in the late 19th or early 20th century.
Assault & Flattery
Assault & Flattery is Toronto's sixth and final album, released in 1984. The album features only two original band members, Anne "Holly" Woods and Scott Kreyer. Released as "Holly Woods & Toronto" which hints at Holly's increasing control and autonomy in the band at this time. The album was produced by Mike Flicker who produced five albums for Heart - the band Toronto are most often compared to. The CD release includes the bonus track "Where Are We Now?" - which was also performed by Holly herself, as a solo artist, on her CD Live It Up!.

Live It Up! (Holly Woods album)
Live It Up! is Holly Woods's final album. It was recorded in 1986 after Toronto's label, Solid Gold Records, went into receivership forcing the band to split up.

Two of the members, Holly Woods and Scott Kreyer, regrouped and continued on to a studio in Atlanta to record new tracks with producer Sonny Limbo. The tapes were shelved for over twenty years due to the preceding reputation of Solid Gold Records and subsequent death of Limbo.
Chidōkan
Chidōkan refers to four different Han schools in Edo period Japan.

Chidōkan (Tsuruoka), the school of the Shōnai Domain

Chidōkan (Tosa), the school of the Tosa Domain

Chidōkan (Hiji), the school of the Hiji Domain

Chidōkan (Ōgaki), the school of the Ōgaki Domain

Tosa Domain
The Tosa Domain (土佐藩, Tosa-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, controlling all of Tosa Province in what is now Kōchi Prefecture on the island of Shikoku. It was centered around Kōchi Castle, and was ruled throughout its history by the tozama daimyō Yamauchi clan. Many people from the domain played important roles in events of the late Edo period including Nakahama Manjirō, Sakamoto Ryōma, Yui Mitsue, Gotō Shōjirō, Itagaki Taisuke, Nakae Chōmin, and Takechi Hanpeita. Tosa Domain was renamed Kōchi Domain (高知藩, Kōchi-han) during the early Meiji period until it was dissolved in the abolition of the han system in 1871 and became Kōchi Prefecture.
Mitochondrial apoptosis-induced channel
The mitochondrial apoptosis-induced channel (or MAC), is an early marker of the onset of apoptosis.  This ion channel is formed on the outer mitochondrial membrane in response to certain apoptotic stimuli.  MAC activity is detected by patch clamping mitochondria from apoptotic cells at the time of cytochrome c release.

Members of the Bcl-2 protein family regulate apoptosis by controlling the formation of MAC: the pro-apoptotic members Bax and/or Bak form MAC, whereas the anti-apoptotic members like Bcl-2 or Bcl-xL prevent MAC formation.  Once formed, MAC mediates the release of cytochrome c to the cytosol, triggering the commitment step of the mitochondrial apoptotic cascade.  Depletion of MAC activity is accomplished pharmacologically by specific compounds, namely Bax channel inhibitors and MAC inhibitors.  Either by knocking down MAC's main components or by its pharmacological inhibition, the end result is prevention of cytochrome c release and apoptosis.

Bcl-xL
B-cell lymphoma-extra large (Bcl-xL), encoded by the BCL2-like 1 gene, is a transmembrane molecule in the mitochondria. It is a member of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, and acts as an anti-apoptotic protein by preventing the release of mitochondrial contents such as cytochrome c, which leads to caspase activation and ultimately, programmed cell death.
The Town (Richter novel)
The Town (1950) is a novel written by American author Conrad Richter. It is the third installment of his trilogy The Awakening Land.  The Trees (1940) and The Fields (1946) were the earlier portions of the series.  The Town was awarded the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1951.

In September 1966, its publisher Alfred A. Knopf reissued the trilogy for the first time as a single hardcover volume.  According to the edition notice of this all-in-one version—which lists the original publication dates of the three books—The Town was first published on 24 April 1950.

Alfred A. Knopf
Alfred A. Knopf, Inc. (/knɒpf/) is an American publishing house that was founded by Blanche Knopf and Alfred A. Knopf Sr. in 1915. Blanche and Alfred traveled abroad regularly and were known for publishing European, Asian, and Latin American writers in addition to leading American literary trends. It was acquired by Random House in 1960, and is now part of the Knopf Doubleday Publishing Group division of Penguin Random House which is owned by the German conglomerate Bertelsmann.

The Knopf publishing house is associated with the borzoi logo in its colophon, which was designed by co-founder Blanche Knopf in 1925.
Trinity Church (Holderness, New Hampshire)
Trinity Church is a historic Episcopal church, located in a small cemetery on New Hampshire Route 175 in Holderness, New Hampshire.  Built in 1797, it is one of only two surviving 18th-century buildings in the state that was built as a church (the other is the Union Church in Claremont).  It is also the only major surviving structure associated with the life of Samuel Livermore, a prominent New Hampshire statesman and jurist.  The church was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1984.  It is maintained by the cemetery's association, and is occasionally used for services.

Holderness, New Hampshire
Holderness is a town in Grafton County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 2,004 at the 2020 census. An agricultural and resort area, Holderness is home to the Squam Lakes Natural Science Center and is located on Squam Lake. Holderness is also home to Holderness School, a co-educational college-preparatory boarding school.
1990 Fresno State Bulldogs softball team
The 1990 Fresno State Bulldogs softball team represented California State University, Fresno in the 1990 NCAA Division I softball season.  The Bulldogs were coached by Margie Wright, who led her fifth season.  The Bulldogs finished with a record of 62–15.  They competed in the Pacific Coast Athletic Association, where they finished first with a 29–7 record.

The Bulldogs were invited to the 1990 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament, where they swept the NCAA Regional and then completed a run to the title game of the Women's College World Series where they fell to champion UCLA for the third year in a row.

1990 UCLA Bruins softball team
The 1990 UCLA Bruins softball team represented the University of California, Los Angeles in the 1990 NCAA Division I softball season.  The Bruins were coached by Sharron Backus, who led her sixteenth season and Sue Enquist, in her second season, in an uncommonly used co-head coach system.  The Bruins played their home games at Sunset Field and finished with a record of 62–7.  They competed in the Pacific-10 Conference, where they finished first with a 16–2 record.

The Bruins were invited to the 1990 NCAA Division I softball tournament, where they swept the West Regional and then completed a run through the Women's College World Series to claim their fifth NCAA Women's College World Series Championship.  The Bruins had earlier claimed an AIAW title in 1978 and NCAA titles in 1982, 1984, 1988, and 1989.
Storey station
Storey (known as Madera by Amtrak) was an unstaffed train station located in the unincorporated community of Storey, and about 1 mile (1.6 km) southeast of the Fresno River, in Madera County, California, United States. Just prior to its closure in November 2010  and replacement by the new Madera station, this station was served by Amtrak's (the National Railroad Passenger Corporation) San Joaquin. Prior to Amtrak, this station was also previously served by Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad's (ATSF) San Francisco Chief and its Oakland-Barstow Line.

Fresno River
The Fresno River (Spanish for "ash tree") is a river in Central California and a major tributary of the San Joaquin River. It runs approximately 83 miles (134 km) from the Sierra Nevada Range to the San Joaquin River if measured from the source of Rainier Creek, near Raymond Mountain in Yosemite National Park. Although called the 'Fresno' River, it is one of the largest and longest river systems in Madera County.
Criticism of Jehovah's Witnesses
Jehovah's Witnesses have been criticized by adherents of mainstream Christianity, members of the medical community, former Jehovah's Witnesses, and commentators with regard to their beliefs and practices. The Jehovah's Witness movement's leaders have been accused of practicing doctrinal inconsistencies and making doctrinal reversals, making failed predictions, mistranslating the Bible, harshly treating former Jehovah's Witnesses, and leading the Jehovah's Witness movement in an authoritarian and coercive manner. Jehovah's Witnesses have also been criticized because they reject blood transfusions, even in life-threatening medical situations, and for failing to report cases of sexual abuse to the authorities. Many of the claims are denied by Jehovah's Witnesses and some have also been disputed by courts and religious scholars.

Heresy in Christianity
Heresy in Christianity denotes the formal denial or doubt of a core doctrine of the Christian faith as defined by one or more of the Christian churches.

As Christianity became established as a church, it defined orthodoxy and combated deviation from it by developing ecclesiastical, universal, and ecumenical councils. Excommunication, inquisition, and execution (by civil authorities) were used against heretics who refused to recant, and major heresies were sometimes dealt with by military crusades. With the growth of toleration and ecumenicalism, inquisitions have been abandoned.

The first Christian executed for heresy was Priscillian in 385 CE, and the last was Cayetano Ripoll, (accused of Deism) in 1826 CE.
Some notable heresies in Christian history have been Arianism, Marcionism, Donatism, Catharism, Docetism, Gnosticism, Pelagianism, Conciliarism, and Lollardy.
Takev Point
Takev Point (Bulgarian: Такев нос, ‘Takev Nos’ \'ta-kev 'nos\) is the rocky point forming the south extremity of Heros Peninsula on the Foyn Coast, Antarctic Peninsula.

The feature is named after Vasiliy Takev, a participant in the 1996/97 Bulgarian Antarctic campaign, for his support for the Bulgarian Antarctic programme.

Foyn Coast
The Foyn Coast (66°40′S 64°20′W﻿ / ﻿66.667°S 64.333°W﻿ / -66.667; -64.333) is that portion of the east coast of the Antarctic Peninsula between Cape Alexander and Cape Northrop. It was discovered in 1893 by a Norwegian expedition under Captain Carl Anton Larsen, who named it for Svend Foyn, a Norwegian whaler of Tønsberg whose invention of the grenade harpoon greatly facilitated modern whaling.
2024 FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup
The 2024 FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup was the fifth and last edition of the FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup, an annual men's international volleyball tournament contested by eight national teams that acts as a qualifier for the FIVB Men's Volleyball Nations League. The tournament was held at Linyi Olympic Sports Park Stadium in Linyi, China, between 4 and 7 July 2024.

Three teams made their first appearance in the men's Challenger Cup in this edition: Belgium, Croatia and Mexico.

The host China won the title and earned the right to participate in the 2025 Nations League after defeating Belgium in the final. Egypt defeated Ukraine in the 3rd place match, but Ukraine still qualified for the 2025 Nations League through FIVB World Ranking.

FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup
The FIVB Men's Volleyball Challenger Cup was an international volleyball competition contested by the senior men's national teams of the members of the Fédération Internationale de Volleyball (FIVB), the sport's global governing body. The Challenger Cup served as a qualifying tournament for the Volleyball Nations League (VNL), with the winner earning the right to participate in the following year's VNL.

A corresponding tournament for women's national teams was the FIVB Women's Volleyball Challenger Cup.
Anglican Adam Preaching Society
The Anglican Adam Preaching Society is an interdenominational evangelical Christian movement based in Nigeria, which was founded by an evangelist of the Church of Nigeria, Anglican Communion, the late Cornelius Adam Igbudu who hailed from Araya in Isokoland.

According to the A.A.P.S. official website, the evangelical group "is an interdenominational preaching society under the umbrella of the Anglican Communion. It stands for professional soul winning and being run by self-sacrifice and freewill donations".
It was considered as being "famous for the spread of the gospel of Christ across Nigeria".

Professor Peter Palmer Ekeh, Founder of Urhobo Historical Society, later wrote in his book: History of the Urhobo People of Niger Delta, that "The evangelical movement of Adam's Anglican Preaching Society (A.A.P.S.), which he [Igbudu] founded, bestrode the Anglican Communion in the Former Bendel State. It created waves of mass conversions".

African traditional religions
The beliefs and practices of African people are highly diverse, and include various ethnic religions. Generally, these traditions are oral rather than scriptural and are passed down from one generation to another through narratives, songs, myths, and festivals. They include beliefs in spirits and higher and lower gods, sometimes including a supreme being, as well as the veneration of the dead, use of magic, and traditional African medicine. Most religions can be described as animistic with various polytheistic and pantheistic aspects. The role of humanity is generally seen as one of harmonizing nature with the supernatural.
Baebia gens
The gens Baebia was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.  The first member of the gens who obtained the consulship was Gnaeus Baebius Tamphilus, in 182 BC.  During the later Republic, the Baebii were frequently connected with the patrician family of the Aemilii.

Equites
The equites (/ˈɛkwɪtiːz/; lit. 'horse'  or 'cavalrymen', though sometimes referred to as "knights" in English) constituted the second of the property/social-based classes of ancient Rome, ranking below the senatorial class. A member of the equestrian order was known as an eques (Latin: [ˈɛ.kʷɛs]).
Idealistic Studies
Idealistic Studies is a triannual peer-reviewed academic journal covering studies of idealistic themes. Both historical and contemporary statements of idealistic argumentation are published, as are also historico-philosophical studies of idealism. The journal was established in 1971 by Robert N. Beck with the assistance of the Clark University philosophy department. Initially focused on American personalism and post-Kantian idealism, the journal's mission has broadened to include other topics, including historically earlier expressions as well as developments of the late 19th to mid-20th century. The journal has become a venue for a number of philosophical movements that share Idealism in their genealogies, including phenomenology, neo-Kantianism, historicism, hermeneutics, life philosophy, existentialism, and pragmatism. It is published by the Philosophy Documentation Center and the editor-in-chief is Jennifer Bates (Duquesne University).

Philosophy Documentation Center
The Philosophy Documentation Center (PDC) is a non-profit publisher and resource center that provides access to scholarly materials in applied ethics, classics, philosophy, religious studies, and related disciplines. It publishes academic journals, conference proceedings, anthologies, and online research databases, often in cooperation with scholarly and professional associations. It also provides membership management and electronic publishing services, and hosts electronic journals, series, and other publications from several countries.
Electrical Products Corporation
The Electrical Products Corporation (EPCO) was a major producer of electric signs, especially neon signs, in the western region of the United States.  Electrical Products Corp. was established in Los Angeles, incorporated on November 7, 1912.  By 1923, EPCO had acquired the rights to the neon patents of neon light inventor Georges Claude and began the manufacture of neon lighting and signs. In 1928, it was renamed Claude Neon Electrical Products Corporation, but by 1939 "Claude"  had been dropped from the name after a reorganization.

In 1962, the company was acquired by and merged into the Federal Sign and Signal Corporation, of Chicago.

Neon sign
In the signage industry, neon signs are electric signs lighted by long luminous gas-discharge tubes that contain rarefied neon or other gases. They are the most common use for neon lighting, which was first demonstrated in a modern form in December 1910 by Georges Claude at the Paris Motor Show.

While they are used worldwide, neon signs were popular in the United States from about the 1920s to 1950s. The installations in Times Square, many originally designed by Douglas Leigh, were famed, and there were nearly 2,000 small shops producing neon signs by 1940. In addition to signage, neon lighting is used frequently by artists and architects, and (in a modified form) in plasma display panels and televisions. The signage industry has declined in the past several decades, and cities are now concerned with preserving and restoring their antique neon signs.

Light emitting diode arrays can be formed and covered with a light diffuser to simulate the appearance of neon lamps.
Sainte-Marie Poutrelles Delta
The Sainte-Marie Poutrelles Delta were a Canadian minor pro ice hockey team in Sainte-Marie, Quebec. They played in the Ligue centrale de hockey from 2003-2008, and the Ligue Nord-Americaine de Hockey from 2008-2009. The club folded in 2009.

Sainte-Marie, Quebec
Sainte-Marie (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃t maʁi] ⓘ) is a city in the province of Quebec, Canada. It is the seat of La Nouvelle-Beauce Regional County Municipality, in Chaudière-Appalaches, Quebec, Canada. It had a population was 13,134 as of the Canada 2021 Census, when 95.7% was French-speaking. It is located 59 kilometres (37 mi) south-east of Quebec City, on the Chaudière River.
Coast Mountain Bus Company
Coast Mountain Bus Company (CMBC) is the contract operator for bus transit services in Metro Vancouver and is a wholly owned subsidiary of the South Coast British Columbia Transportation Authority, known locally as TransLink, the entity responsible for public transit in the region. The buses form part of the integrated transit network of the Lower Mainland.

R5 Hastings St
The R5 Hastings St is an express bus service with bus rapid transit elements in Metro Vancouver, Canada. Part of TransLink's RapidBus network, it travels along Hastings Street, a major east–west route, and connects Simon Fraser University to the SkyTrain system's Burrard station on the Expo Line in Downtown Vancouver.  It replaced the 95 B-Line route on January 6, 2020.
2021 Coppa Italia final
The 2021 Coppa Italia final decided the winners of the 2020–21 Coppa Italia, Italy's main football cup. It was played on 19 May 2021 for the first time at the Mapei Stadium – Città del Tricolore, Reggio Emilia, between Atalanta and Juventus. Juventus won the match 2–1 for a record fourteenth title.

As winners, Juventus would have automatically qualified to the group stage of the 2021–22 UEFA Europa League, although they had already qualified for European competition through their league position. They also earned the right to contest the 2021 Supercoppa Italiana against the champions of the 2020–21 Serie A, Internazionale.

2021 Supercoppa Italiana
The 2021 Supercoppa Italiana (branded as the Supercoppa Frecciarossa for sponsorship reasons) was the 34th edition of the Supercoppa Italiana. It was played between Inter Milan, winners of the 2020–21 Serie A championship, and Juventus, winners of the 2020–21 Coppa Italia. On 11 November 2021, it was announced that the match would be played on 12 January 2022 at San Siro, Milan.

Inter Milan won the match 2–1 after extra time for their sixth Supercoppa Italiana title.
Schweizer Spielepreis
The Schweizer Spielepreis is a Swiss board game award, awarded since 2002 in three categories: Family games, Children's games and Strategy games.  The game is awarded yearly at the Schweizer Spielmesse in October.

Alan R. Moon
Alan R. Moon (born 18 November 1951) is a British game designer best known for creating the turn-based strategy game Ticket to Ride. He is generally considered to be one of the foremost designers of German-style board games.  Many of his games can be seen as board game variations on the travelling salesman problem.
Central Connecticut State University
Central Connecticut State University (Central Connecticut, CCSU, Central Connecticut State, or informally Central) is a public university in New Britain, Connecticut. Founded in 1849 as the State Normal School, CCSU is Connecticut's oldest publicly-funded university. It is made up of four schools: the Ammon College of Liberal Arts and Social Sciences; the School of Business; the School of Education and Professional Studies; and the School of Engineering, Science, and Technology. As of Spring 2022, the university was attended by 8,898 students: 7,054 undergraduate students and 1,844 graduate students. More than half of students live off campus and 96 percent are Connecticut residents. The school is part of the Connecticut State Colleges & Universities system (CSCU), which also oversees Eastern, Western, and Southern Connecticut State Universities.

Southern Connecticut State University
Southern Connecticut State University (Southern Connecticut, Southern Connecticut State, SCSU, or simply "Southern") is a public research university in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Part of the Connecticut State University System, it was founded in 1893 and is governed by the Connecticut Board of Regents for Higher Education. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".