hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thomas William Marshall (painter)
Thomas William Marshall was an English Post-Impressionist painter and water colorist, born on (1875-10-17)October 17, 1875 at Donisthorpe in England. He died on (1914-09-02)September 2, 1914 in Paris.

He painted landscapes, portraits, nudes and produced watercolours, in Paris, in Île-de-France, in Normandy, on the French Riviera and in Corsica. Between 1904 and 1914, He exhibited his work in Paris at the Salon d'Automne, as well as the Salon des Indépendants and also at the Nationale des Beaux-Arts. These art salons were at the peak of their glory, in this era, with well known painters such as Marquet, Modigliani, Sickert, Kandinsky, participating in them.

Académie des Beaux-Arts
The Académie des Beaux-Arts (French pronunciation: [akademi de boz‿aʁ]; lit. 'Academy of Fine Arts') is a French learned society based in Paris. It is one of the five academies of the Institut de France. As of 2025, the president of the academy is Coline Serreau, a French actress and film director.
IBM hexadecimal floating-point
Hexadecimal floating point (now called HFP by IBM) is a format for encoding floating-point numbers first introduced on the IBM System/360 computers, and supported on subsequent machines based on that architecture, as well as machines which were intended to be application-compatible with System/360.

In comparison to IEEE 754 floating point, the HFP format has a longer significand, and a shorter exponent. All HFP formats have 7 bits of exponent with a bias of 64. The normalized range of representable numbers is from 16−65 to 1663 (approx. 5.39761 × 10−79 to 7.237005 × 1075).

The number is represented as the following formula: (−1)sign × 0.significand × 16exponent−64.

Significand
The significand (also coefficient, sometimes argument, or more ambiguously mantissa, fraction, or characteristic) is the first (left) part of a number in scientific notation or related concepts in floating-point representation, consisting of its significant digits. For negative numbers, it does not include the initial minus sign.

Depending on the interpretation of the exponent, the significand may represent an integer or a fractional number, which may cause the term "mantissa" to be misleading, since the mantissa of a logarithm is always its fractional part. Although the other names mentioned are common, significand is the word used by IEEE 754, an important technical standard for floating-point arithmetic. In mathematics, the term "argument" may also be ambiguous, since "the argument of a number" sometimes refers to the length of a circular arc from 1 to a number on the unit circle in the complex plane.
Battle of Guadeloupe (1779)
The Battle of Guadeloupe or the Action of 21–22 December 1779 was a naval engagement that took place off the French island of Guadeloupe in the Caribbean during the American Revolutionary War between three Royal Navy ships and three French Navy frigates. The Royal Navy under Joshua Rowley sighted and promptly chased the French frigates, all of which were captured after a brief fight.

Joshua Rowley
Vice-Admiral Sir Joshua Rowley, 1st Baronet (1 May 1734 – 26 February 1790) was a Royal Navy officer who was the fourth son of Admiral Sir William Rowley. Sir Joshua was from an ancient English family, originating in Staffordshire (England) and was born on 1 May 1734.  Rowley served with distinction in a number of battles throughout his career and was highly praised by his contemporaries. Unfortunately whilst his career was often active he did not have the opportunity to command any significant engagements and always followed rather than led. His achievements have therefore been eclipsed by his contemporaries such as Keppel, Hawke, Howe and Rodney. Rowley however remains one of the stalwart commanders of the wooden walls that kept Britain safe for so long.
Big Piney, Missouri
Big Piney is an unincorporated community in Pulaski County, Missouri, United States on the southeastern edge of Fort Leonard Wood and one mile west of a bend in the Big Piney River. The community is on Missouri Route TT four miles northeast of Palace.  Licking is seventeen miles to the southeast. Its former K-8 school has closed; students attend the Plato R-V School District.

Big Piney River
The Big Piney River is a 110-mile-long (180 km) tributary of the Gasconade River in Pulaski and Texas counties in Missouri, United States.  Via the Gasconade and Missouri rivers, it is part of the Mississippi River basin.
Overcategorization
Overcategorization, overcategorisation or category clutter is the process of assigning too many categories, classes or index terms to a given document. It is related to the Library and information science (LIS) concepts of document classification and subject indexing.

In LIS, the ideal number of terms that should be assigned to classify an item are measured by the variables precision and recall. Assigning few category labels that are most closely related to the content of the item being classified will result in searches that have high precision, I.e., where a high proportion of the results are closely related to the query. Assigning more category labels to each item will reduce the precision of each search, but increase the recall, retrieving more relevant results. Related LIS concepts include exhaustivity of indexing and information overload.

Relevance
Relevance is the connection between topics that makes one useful for dealing with the other. Relevance is studied in many different fields, including cognitive science, logic, and library and information science. Epistemology studies it in general, and different theories of knowledge have different implications for what is considered relevant.
Rescue opera
Rescue opera was a genre of opera in the late 18th and early 19th centuries in France and Germany. Generally, rescue operas deal with the rescue of a main character from danger and end with a happy dramatic resolution in which lofty humanistic ideals triumph over base motives. Operas with this kind of subject matter became popular in France around the time of the French Revolution; a number of such operas dealt with the rescue of a political prisoner. Stylistically and thematically, rescue opera was an outgrowth of the French bourgeois opéra comique; musically, it began a new tradition that would influence German Romantic opera and French grand opera. The most famous rescue opera is Ludwig van Beethoven's Fidelio.

Opéra comique
Opéra comique (French: [ɔpeʁa kɔmik]; plural: opéras comiques) is a genre of French opera that contains spoken dialogue and arias. It emerged from the popular opéras comiques en vaudevilles of the Fair Theatres of St Germain and St Laurent (and to a lesser extent the Comédie-Italienne), which combined existing popular tunes with spoken sections. Associated with the Paris theatre of the same name, opéra comique is not necessarily comical or shallow; Carmen, perhaps the most famous opéra comique, is a tragedy.
Aleksej Pokuševski
Aleksej Pokuševski (Serbian Cyrillic: Алексеј Покушевски; born 26 December 2001) is a Serbian professional basketball player and the vice-captain for Partizan Mozzart Bet of the Basketball League of Serbia (KLS), the ABA League and the EuroLeague. Standing at 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m) and weighing 210 pounds (95 kg), he plays at the power forward position.

Born in Belgrade, Pokuševski was previously a youth player for the Greek club Olympiacos. He debuted for their senior team in 2018, at age 17 and becoming the youngest EuroLeague player in club history. He was selected by the Minnesota Timberwolves with the 17th overall pick in the 2020 NBA draft and traded to the Thunder.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
1920 Vanderbilt Commodores football team
The 1920 Vanderbilt Commodores football team represented Vanderbilt University during the 1920 college football season. The team's head coach was Dan McGugin, who served his 16th season in that capacity.  Members of the Southern Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SIAA), the Commodores played five home games in Nashville, Tennessee, and finished the season with a record 4–3–1 and 3–3 in the SIAA. The Commodores outscored their opponents, 134–124.

Fred Russell's Fifty Years of Vanderbilt Football gives the year of 1920 the title "One of Most Difficult Schedules," including losses to SIAA champion Georgia Tech, Auburn, and Alabama.  The games against Tech and Auburn were not close; losses of 44–0 and 56–6 respectively. The season also featured a tie with Virginia, a regional Southern powerhouse, which lost only to national champion Harvard and South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SAIAA) champion VMI.

1920 Virginia Orange and Blue football team
The 1920 Virginia Orange and Blue football team represented the University of Virginia as a member of the South Atlantic Intercollegiate Athletic Association (SAIAA) during the 1920 college football season. Led by second-year head coach W. Rice Warren, who had helmed the team in 1913, the Orange and Blue compiled an overall record of 5–2–2 with a mark of 3–1 in conference play, tying for fourth place in the SAIAA.
Kellie & Kristen
Kellie & Kristen are an American female twin-sister Christian worship and gospel music duo of Kellie Nicole Fuselier and Kristen Michelle Fuselier, coming from Alexandria, Louisiana. They started as a duo in 2014, while their first extended play, We Receive, was released in 2016.

Alexandria, Louisiana
Alexandria is the ninth-largest city in the state of Louisiana and is the parish seat of and the largest city in Rapides Parish, Louisiana, United States. It lies on the south bank of the Red River in almost the exact geographic center of the state. It is the principal city of the Alexandria metropolitan area (population 153,922) which encompasses all of Rapides and Grant parishes. Its neighboring city is Pineville. As of the 2020 census, Alexandria had a population of 45,275.
Wallace Langham
James Wallace Langham II (born March 11, 1965) is an American actor. He is known for his roles in television shows, playing the role of Phil the Head Writer on The Larry Sanders Show (1992–1998), Josh Blair in Veronica's Closet (1997–2000), and as David Hodges on the crime drama television series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (2000–2015), a role he would reprise in CSI: Vegas (2021). He began his career in 1985 under the stage name Wally Ward before reverting to his real name in 1989. He would have roles in films such as Weird Science, Michael, Daddy Day Care, Little Miss Sunshine, The Social Network and Ford v Ferrari, and make appearances in series such as ER, The West Wing, For All Mankind and Physical.

Weird Science (film)
Weird Science is a 1985 American teen science fantasy comedy film written and directed by John Hughes and starring Anthony Michael Hall, Ilan Mitchell-Smith and Kelly LeBrock. It is based on the 1951 pre-Comics Code comic "Made of the Future" by Al Feldstein, which appeared in the magazine of the same name. The title song was written and performed by American new wave band Oingo Boingo. The film was released by Universal Pictures on August 2, 1985 and grossed $38.9 million against a $7.5 million budget while receiving positive reviews. The film is regarded as a cult classic.
Watta Job
Watta Job is a Philippine television infotainment show broadcast by GMA Network. Hosted by Chris Tiu, Heart Evangelista and John Feir, it premiered on November 17, 2012 on Sabado Star Power line up. The show concluded on February 16, 2013 with a total of 14 episodes.

Chris Tiu
Christopher John Alandy-Dy Tiu (born July 15, 1985) is a Filipino former professional basketball player. He played college basketball for the Ateneo Blue Eagles with whom he won the UAAP title in 2008. He went on to play his entire professional career for the Rain or Shine Elasto Painters of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA), winning the Commissioner's Cup in 2016. He also played for the Philippine national basketball team and was captain of the roster that competed in the 2011 FIBA Asia Championship. Outside basketball, he is a TV host, model, politician, and businessman. He now hosts the television show iBilib on GMA.
2024–25 PWHL season
The 2024–25 PWHL season was the second season of operation of the Professional Women's Hockey League. Six teams competed during the season, located in Lowell, Saint Paul, Laval, Newark, Ottawa, and Toronto. In the playoffs, the Minnesota Frost won their second consecutive Walter Cup, defeating the Ottawa Charge in four games for the title.

Minnesota Frost
The Minnesota Frost are a professional ice hockey team based in the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area, that competes in the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). They are one of the six charter franchises of the league. The team plays its home games at Grand Casino Arena. In 2024, the Frost won the PWHL's inaugural Walter Cup championship. They are the current Walter Cup champions, having won championships in 2024 and 2025.
Cannon (song)
"Cannon" is a song by the American pop rock band Self, released on October 24, 1995. It was the band's debut single, distributed simultaneously with their debut studio album Subliminal Plastic Motives by Zoo Entertainment and Spongebath Records. It became an alternative rock radio hit, boosted by its Jesse Peretz-directed music video airing on MTV.

Spongebath Records
Spongebath Records was an independent record label based in Murfreesboro, Tennessee during the mid-nineties. During its heyday, Spongebath was often viewed as the vibrant center of Murfreesboro/Nashville's (and the Southeast's) music scene with a robust artist roster of critically acclaimed bands, singers, and songwriters.

From 1997 to 1999, Spongebath attracted national press and media attention for garnering co-label deals with DreamWorks Records (for Self's 1999 album Breakfast with Girls) and with Elektra Records (for the Katies self-titled 1999 album.)  Bands/artists on Spongebath at one time or another included: Self, Fluid Ounces, the Katies, The Features, Count Bass D, Fleshpaint, The C60's, The New System, The Roaries, Gumption, Call Florence Pow, Ruby Amanfu, and Knodel.
The Squaw Man's Son
The Squaw Man's Son is a 1917 American silent Western film directed by Edward LeSaint, written by Charles Maigne and Edwin Milton Royle, and starring Wallace Reid, Anita King, Dorothy Davenport, Donald Bowles, Clarence Geldart and Frank Lanning. It was released on July 26, 1917, by Paramount Pictures.

Frank Lanning
Frank Lanning (August 14, 1872 – June 17, 1945) was an American actor of the silent era. He appeared in 84 films between 1910 and 1934. He was born in Marion, Iowa and died in Los Angeles, California. Lanning's film debut came in The Mended Lute. He acted for Biograph, Kalem, Universal and Pathe studios.
A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935 film)
A Midsummer Night's Dream is a 1935 American film adaptation of the Shakespearean play of the same name. It is directed by Max Reinhardt and William Dieterle, produced by Warner Bros. Pictures, and stars James Cagney, Mickey Rooney, Olivia de Havilland (in her film debut), Jean Muir, Joe E. Brown, Dick Powell, Ross Alexander, Anita Louise, Victor Jory and Ian Hunter. The screenplay, written by Charles Kenyon and Mary C. McCall Jr., is adapted from Reinhardt's Hollywood Bowl production of the play from the previous year.

Felix Mendelssohn's music was extensively used, as re-orchestrated by Erich Wolfgang Korngold. The ballet sequences featuring the fairies were choreographed by Ballets Russes veteran Bronislava Nijinska.

The film opened on October 9, 1935. It initially received mixed reviews and was a financial failure, but retrospective reviews have been far more positive, and it is considered one of the best film versions of Shakespeare's play.

Jean Muir (actress)
Jean Muir (born Jean Muir Fullarton; February 13, 1911 – July 23, 1996) was an American stage and film actress. She was the first performer to be blacklisted after her name appeared in the anti-Communist pamphlet Red Channels, published in 1950. In her later years, she was a college drama teacher.
Galak-Z: The Dimensional
Galak-Z: The Dimensional is a shoot 'em up video game developed and published by 17-Bit. It was released in August 2015 for the PlayStation 4 and October 2015 for Microsoft Windows, macOS and Linux. A Nintendo Switch port, subtitled Deluxe Edition, was released in March 2019 by Golem Entertainment. It was announced during Sony's pre-E3 2013 press conference in June 2013. 17-Bit CEO Jake Kazdal describes it as "modern Halo and Far Cry 3 combat in a 2-dimensional shell." Reflecting its inspiration in part by Japanese anime, the game is also known officially by the Japanese title of Uchuu Senshi Galak-Z (宇宙戦士ガラクZ, lit., "Space Soldier Galak-Z").

17-Bit
17-Bit is an independent video game developer. The company was founded as Haunted Temple Studios in 2009 by Jake Kazdal, formerly an artist with Sega, to make games with a 16-bit era aesthetic. The name changed to 17-Bit in May 2012 with a logo designed by Cory Schmitz. Gamasutra described the team, based in both Kyoto and Seattle, as an example of successful indie cross-platform development for its work on Skulls of the Shogun. GungHo Online Entertainment became 17-Bit's house publisher in October 2014 as the developer worked on Galak-Z: The Dimensional.
USS Rexburg
USS Rexburg (EPCE(R)-855) was built as a PCE(R)-848-class rescue escort patrol craft for the United States Navy during World War II. She was unnamed until 1956. After working through the 1950s and 60s as an oceanographic research vessel for the Navy Electronics Laboratory, Rexburg was decommissioned in 1970 and sold to the Church of Scientology as MV Excaliber.

Navy Electronics Laboratory
The U.S. Navy Electronics Laboratory (NEL) was created in 1945, with consolidation of the naval radio station, radar operators training school, and radio security activity of the Navy Radio and Sound Lab (NRSL) and its wartime partner, the University of California Division of War Research. NEL’s charter was “to effectuate the solution of any problem in the field of electronics, in connection with the design, procurement, testing, installation and maintenance of electronic equipment for the U.S. Navy.” Its radio communications and sonar work was augmented with basic research in the propagation of electromagnetic energy in the atmosphere and of sound in the ocean.
Dirina canariensis
Dirina canariensis is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is found in the Canary Islands, where it grows on vertical cliffs and acidic rocks. It was formally described as a new species in 2013 by lichenologists Anders Tehler and Damien Ertz. The type specimen was collected by the first author from the Puerto de Mogán (Gran Canaria); the species epithet refers to the type locality. The lichen has a creamy-white to brownish-white thallus (0.1–0.7 mm thick), a chalk-like medulla, and either soralia or apothecia on the thallus surface (but usually not both). If apothecia are present, they have a circular outline with a diameter of up to 1.5 mm; the discs are pruinose and encircled by a thalline margin. Ascospores measure 20–25 by 4–5 μm. The closest relatives of Dirina canariensis are the European species D. ceratoniae, D. massiliensis, and D. fallax.

Dirina fallax
Dirina fallax is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), crustose lichen in the family Roccellaceae. It is found in the western Mediterranean, the Atlantic coasts of both Africa and Europe (extending from Scotland to Morocco), and central Europe, where it grows on siliceous and acidic rocks. In 2017, it was reported from the Abrau Peninsula in Russia.
John McDougal Atherton
John McDougal Atherton (April 1, 1841 – June 5, 1932) was an American businessman, property developer, economist, investor and politician based in Louisville, Kentucky. Atherton was elected to one term as a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1869 to 1871, and served as a Democrat. As a third generation distiller, he was best known for Atherton Whiskey, a brand he owned until 1899.

Kentucky House of Representatives
The Kentucky House of Representatives is the lower house of the Kentucky General Assembly. It is composed of 100 Representatives elected from single-member districts throughout the Commonwealth. Not more than two counties can be joined to form a House district, except when necessary to preserve the principle of equal representation. Representatives are elected to two-year terms with no term limits. The Kentucky House of Representatives convenes at the State Capitol in Frankfort.
Toshiro Nomura
Toshiro Nomura (野村 敏郎, Nomura Toshirō; born 1954) is a Japanese astronomer and co-discoverer of 13 asteroids with astronomers Kōyō Kawanishi and Matsuo Sugano.

He is also an earth-science teacher of Nada jr/sr highschool. The main-belt asteroid 6559 Nomura is named in his honor.

Matsuo Sugano
Matsuo Sugano (Japanese: 菅野 松男, Hepburn: Sugano Matsuo, born 1939) is a Japanese astronomer.

He has discovered a number of asteroids, including 5881 Akashi (with T. Nomura), 6559 Nomura (with K. Kawanishi), and 8892 Kakogawa (with T. Nomura). He was also a co-discoverer of Comet Sugano-Saigusa-Fujikawa (C/1983 J1).

The asteroid 5872 Sugano is named after him. Asteroid 6155 Yokosugano was named for his wife, Yoko.

A long-time employee of Akashi Municipal Planetarium in Akashi, Hyōgo, Sugano worked to develop amateur astronomy in Japan.
Alte Liebe
Alte Liebe (lit. 'Old Love') is a novel in German written jointly by Elke Heidenreich and Bernd Schroeder. It is the story of a couple married in the 1960s, during the German student movement, and together for 40 years, but experiencing differences along the way. It is regarded as a semi-autobiography by two authors who married in 1972 and separated later, but kept up their literary collaboration. Wife and husband tell the story in alternating chapters, each an inner monologue followed by dialogue. The book was published by Carl Hanser Verlag in 2009. The authors narrated an audio edition that appeared the same year.

Carl Hanser Verlag
Carl Hanser Verlag is a German publishing company headquartered in Munich. Founded in 1928 by Carl Hanser, it is one of the few medium-sized publishing companies in the German-speaking area still owned by the founding family.
Stephen Donaldson (activist)
Stephen Donaldson (July 27, 1946 – July 18, 1996), born Robert Anthony Martin Jr. and also known by the pseudonym Donny the Punk, was an American bisexual rights activist, and political activist. He is best known for his pioneering activism in LGBT rights and prison reform, and for his writing about punk rock and subculture.

At Columbia University, he founded the first LGBT college group in the United States, called the Student Homophile League (SHL) (now the Columbia Queer Alliance).

He coined the term "protective pairing".

David Eisenbach
David Eisenbach is a historian and an expert on media and politics and a lecturer in the history department at Columbia University. He was a Democratic candidate for New York City's Public Advocate in the 2017 primary election, where he received 23.42% and 92,246 votes against incumbent Letitia James. He was also a candidate in the February 2019 non-partisan special election for the same position in which he came in 13th place in a field of 17.