hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Price v. United States
Price v. United States (1995) was a lawsuit concerning the ownership of certain artwork seized by the United States in Germany in the aftermath of World War II. It was decided by the United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit, which overturned an initial judgment of the District Court for the Southern District of Texas. The decision was based on the definition of the tort of conversion and the applicability of the principle of sovereign immunity.

Among the artwork that formed the subject matter of the lawsuit were many photographs by German photographer Heinrich Hoffmann.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fifth Circuit (in case citations, 5th Cir.) is one of the 13 United States courts of appeals. It has appellate jurisdiction over the U.S. district courts in the following federal judicial districts:

Eastern District of Louisiana

Middle District of Louisiana

Western District of Louisiana

Northern District of Mississippi

Southern District of Mississippi

Eastern District of Texas

Northern District of Texas

Southern District of Texas

Western District of Texas

The Fifth Circuit has 17 active judgeships, and is headquartered at the John Minor Wisdom United States Court of Appeals Building in New Orleans, Louisiana, with the clerk's office located at the F. Edward Hebert Federal Building in New Orleans.

Originally, the Fifth Circuit also included the federal district courts in Alabama, Georgia, and Florida. In 1981, the district courts for those states were transferred to the newly created U.S. Court of Appeals for the Eleventh Circuit.
1861 Confederate States House of Representatives elections in Florida
The 1861 Confederate States House of Representatives election in Florida was held on Wednesday, November 6, 1861, to elect the two Confederate States Representatives from the state of Florida, one from each of the state's congressional districts, to represent Florida in the 1st Confederate States Congress. The election coincided with the elections of other offices, including the Confederate States presidential election and various state and local elections.

The winning candidate would serve a two-year term in the Confederate States House of Representatives from February 18, 1862, to February 17, 1864.

1861 Confederate States presidential election
Presidential elections were held in the Confederate States of America on November 6, 1861. The incumbent provisional president Jefferson Davis and provisional vice president Alexander H. Stephens were re-elected unopposed. These were the first and only presidential elections held under the Constitution of the Confederate States of the Confederacy. Davis and Stephens's term ended prematurely on May 5, 1865 following the conclusion of the American Civil War, less than three years before they were scheduled to leave office on February 22, 1868.
Fairlight, New South Wales
Fairlight is a suburb of northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Fairlight is located 13 kilometres (8.1 miles) north-east of the Sydney central business district in the local government area of Northern Beaches Council and is part of the Northern Beaches region.

Fairlight lies between Balgowlah and Manly on both sides of Sydney Road. The suburb reaches north past Balgowlah Road and the western boundary is Hill Street.

Manly, New South Wales
Manly is a beach-side suburb of northern Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. It is 17 kilometres (11 mi) north-east of the Sydney central business district and is currently one of the three administrative centres of the local government area of Northern Beaches Council. Manly has a long-standing reputation as a tourist destination, owing to its attractive setting on the Pacific Ocean and easy accessibility by ferry.
Martin Hairer
Sir Martin Hairer KBE FRS (born 14 November 1975) is an Austrian-British mathematician working in the field of stochastic analysis, in particular stochastic partial differential equations. He is Professor of Mathematics at EPFL (École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne) and at Imperial College London. He previously held appointments at the  University of Warwick and the Courant Institute of New York University. In 2014 he was awarded the Fields Medal, one of the highest honours a mathematician can achieve. In 2020 he won the 2021 Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics.

Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics
The Breakthrough Prize in Mathematics is an annual award of the Breakthrough Prize series announced in 2013.

It is supported by foundations co-founded by Julia and Yuri Milner, Mark Zuckerberg and others. The annual award comes with a cash gift of $3 million. The Breakthrough Prize Board also selects up to three laureates for the New Horizons in Mathematics Prize, which awards $100,000 to early-career researchers. Starting in 2021 (prizes announced in September 2020), the $50,000 Maryam Mirzakhani New Frontiers Prize is also awarded to a number of women mathematicians who have completed their PhDs within the past two years.
Tommy Bastow
Thomas Derek Bastow (born 26 August 1991) is an English actor and musician from Epsom, Surrey. He is best known for playing the character Dave the Laugh in Paramount Pictures' Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging, as Joe in the British Telecom (BT) adverts and as the lead singer in the band FranKo.

Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging
Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging (also known as Angus, Thongs and Full-Frontal Snogging) is a 2008 teen romantic comedy film co-written and directed by Gurinder Chadha, based on the young adult novels Angus, Thongs and Full-Frontal Snogging (1999) and It's OK, I'm Wearing Really Big Knickers (2000) by Louise Rennison. The film stars Georgia Groome, Alan Davies, Karen Taylor, Aaron Johnson and Eleanor Tomlinson. The plot follows 14-year-old Georgia Nicholson (Groome) as she tries to find a boyfriend while also organising her 15th birthday party.
Political views of Huey Long
The political views of Huey P. Long have often challenged historians and biographers. While most say that Louisiana Governor and Senator Huey Long was a populist, little else can be agreed on. Huey Long's opponents, both during his life and after, often drew connections between him and his ideology and far-left and right political movements, comparing his ideology to various movements such as European Fascism, Stalinism, and McCarthyism. When asked about his own political personality, Long simply replied: "Oh, hell, say that I’m sui generis and let it go at that." Writer Robert Penn Warren, whose All the King's Men revolves around a Long-like character, said "my guess is he was a remarkable set of contradictions."

Share Our Wealth
Share Our Wealth was a movement that began in February 1934, during the Great Depression, by Huey Long, a governor and later United States Senator from Louisiana. Long first proposed the plan in a national radio address, which is now referred to as the "Share Our Wealth Speech". To stimulate the economy, the Share Our Wealth program called for massive federal spending, a wealth tax, and wealth redistribution. These proposals drew wide support, with millions joining local Share Our Wealth clubs. Roosevelt adopted many of these proposals in the Second New Deal.
Palmetto Cheese
Palmetto Cheese is a trademarked brand of pimento cheese from Pawleys Island Specialty Foods, a division of Get Carried Away, LLC based in Pawleys Island, South Carolina — and originally made and packaged at Duke Sandwich Productions in Easley, South Carolina. It is marketed in original, jalapeño, and bacon variations.

Pawleys Island, South Carolina
Pawleys Island is a town in Georgetown County, South Carolina, United States, and the Atlantic coast barrier island on which the town is located.

As of the 2020 census, Pawleys Island had a population of 130. The post office address also includes an unincorporated area on the mainland adjacent to the island, which is also commonly referred to as Pawleys Island and includes a commercial district along the Ocean Highway (US Route 17) as well as a residential area between the highway and the Waccamaw River. The town of Pawleys Island, though, is only on the island. The island lies off the Waccamaw Neck, a long, narrow peninsula between the ocean and the river, and is connected to the mainland by two bridges, the North Causeway and the South Causeway. It is on the southern end of The Grand Strand and is one of the oldest resort areas of the US East Coast.
COMPAS (software)
Correctional Offender Management Profiling for Alternative Sanctions (COMPAS) is a case management and decision support software developed and owned by Northpointe (now Equivant), used by U.S. courts to assess the likelihood of a defendant becoming a recidivist.

COMPAS has been used by the U.S. states of New York, Wisconsin, California, Florida's Broward County, and other jurisdictions.

Broward County, Florida
Broward County (/ˈbraʊ.ərd/ BROURD) is a county in Florida, United States, located in the Miami metropolitan area. It is Florida's second-most populous county after Miami-Dade County and the 17th-most populous in the United States, with 1,944,375 residents as of the 2020 census. Its county seat and most populous city is Fort Lauderdale, which had a population of 182,760 as of 2020. The county is part of the South Florida region of the state.

Broward County is one of the three counties that make up the Miami metropolitan area, which is home to 6.14 million people as of 2020. It is also one of the most ethnically diverse counties in the entire country. As of 2022, Broward County has a gross domestic product of $124.8 billion, the second-largest GDP of Florida's 67 counties and the 25th-largest for the nation's 3,033 counties.
KLDJ
KLDJ (101.7 FM, "Kool 101.7") is a radio station in Duluth, Minnesota, owned by Townsquare Media, airing a classic hits music format.

The studios and offices are with its three other sister stations at 14 E. Central Entrance, on the west side of Duluth. These are KLDJ (Kool 101.7), KKCB (B105), KBMX (Mix 108), and WEBC (Northland Fan)

KBMX
KBMX (107.7 FM, "MIX 108") is a commercial radio station licensed to Proctor, Minnesota, United States, and serving the Duluth-Superior market. It is owned by Townsquare Media and it airs a contemporary hit format. Along with three sister stations, KBMX has its offices and studios at 14 E. Central Entrance, on the west side of Duluth. KBMX's transmitter is sited on Observation Road in Duluth.
Nathan Catt
Nathan Catt (born 6 January 1988) is an English rugby union coach and retired player who played as a prop for Bath in the Aviva Premiership.

Catt played for England in the 2007 IRB U19 World Championships. In the 2008 U20 Six Nations, Catt started every game, as the England under-20 team won the grand slam. Catt was subsequently a member of the England Under 20 team that reached the final of the 2008 IRB Junior World Championship.

Catt made his England Saxons debut against Portugal in January 2009.

Catt made his Bath debut in an EDF Energy Cup match against Leicester Tigers. He made his League debut against Worcester Warriors.

Catt was called up to the senior England squad by Eddie Jones in January 2017.

He announced his retirement in 2020 due to long-term injury.

England national under-20 rugby union team
The England Under 20 rugby team are the newest representative rugby union team from England. They replace the two former age grade teams Under 19s and Under 21s. They compete in the annual Six Nations Under 20s Championship and World Rugby Under 20 Championship.

The head coach of the team is Alan Dickens.
Gravermarka
Gravermarka is a small village in Vågan Municipality in Nordland county, Norway.  It is located on the western side of the island of Austvågøya in the Lofoten archipelago. The village of Sydalen lies about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) southeast of the village.

Gravermarka has a population of about 60 inhabitants. The village has been a documented settlement since the 1600s, but it probably goes back to the Viking Age. Three Viking graves have been found in the village. There are two farms and a local shop in the village. There has been plans to restore the local fishery that has been out of business for 20 years for some sort of industry. The majority of the population work in the nearby town of Svolvær.

Svolvær
Svolvær (Norwegian, pronounced [ˈsvôːlvæːr] ⓘ), Suolvearra (Northern Sami), or Spålavuolle (Lule Sami) is a town and the administrative centre of Vågan Municipality in Nordland County, Norway. It is located on the island of Austvågøya in the Lofoten archipelago, along the Vestfjorden. The 2.36-square-kilometre (580-acre) town has a population (2023) of 4,736 and a population density of 2,007 inhabitants per square kilometre (5,200/sq mi).
Skálmöld & Sinfóníuhljómsveit Íslands
Skálmöld & Sinfóníuhljómsveit Íslands is a live album and concert video by the Icelandic heavy metal band Skálmöld and the Iceland Symphony Orchestra, released on 18 December 2013. The song material is from Skálmöld's first two albums, arranged for orchestra by Haraldur V. Sveinbjörnsson and performed during three concerts at Harpa in Reykjavík. The concerts received the Icelandic Music Award for Music Event of the Year. The album was nominated for Album of the Year – Rock and sold more than 7,000 copies.

Harpa (concert hall)
Harpa (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈhar̥pa], English: Harp) is a concert hall and conference centre in Reykjavík, Iceland. The opening concert was held on 4 May 2011. The building features a distinctive colored glass façade inspired by the basalt landscape of Iceland.
Ransomite
Ransomite is a sulfate mineral first discovered at the United Verde mine in Jerome Arizona. This mineral was formed as a result of a mine fire. The United Verde mine is one of few places in the world where Ransomite can be found. This mineral can be described as a soluble sulfate that forms needle-like crystals and has a pale blue color in transmitted light. This mineral was named by Carl B. Lausen as a tribute to Frederick Leslie Ransome. Ransome was an American mining geologist who worked at the California Institute of Technology, the University of Arizona and the United states Geological Survey.

Sulfate
The sulfate or sulphate ion is a polyatomic anion with the empirical formula SO42−. Salts, acid derivatives, and peroxides of sulfate are widely used in industry. Sulfates occur widely in everyday life. Sulfates are salts of sulfuric acid and many are prepared from that acid.
Old Xaverians Oval
Old Xaverians Oval was an Australian rules football and cricket venue located within Yarra Park in Melbourne. It was the home ground of the Old Xaverians Football Club in the Victorian Amateur Football Association (VAFA).

John Cain Arena
John Cain Arena is a multi-purpose sports and entertainment arena located within Melbourne Park in Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. It is the second-largest venue and show court for the Australian Open, the first Grand Slam professional tennis tournament held each calendar year. The arena also hosts various other sporting and entertainment events throughout the year.

The arena has sometimes been dubbed "The People's Court" during Australian Open matches, owing to its accessibility for Australian Open patrons with a ground pass (i.e. the cheapest form of ticketing available) and the close proximity of spectators to the players, with the arena developing a reputation for being an incredibly passionate venue with a terrific atmosphere, particularly when Australians are playing on the court.
Gamze İskeçeli
Gamze İskeçeli (born May 26, 1983) is a Turkish former women's football footballer. She lately played in the Women's First League for Konak Belediyespor as forward. She made her Champions League debut in 2013. İskeçeli was a member of the Turkish national team in 2001–2013.

Konak Belediyespor
Konak Belediyespor Women's Football (Turkish: Konak Belediyespor Bayan Futbol Takımı) is a professional  women's football team of the Turkish multi-sport club Konak Belediyespor based in Konak district of İzmir, Turkey. The team was established by the district municipality in 2006.

Many players of the Konak Belediyespor women's team are members of the Turkey women's national football team. The club also maintains the girls under-17 and under-15 football teams.
Red One (film)
Red One is a 2024 American Christmas action comedy film directed by Jake Kasdan and written by Chris Morgan. It stars Dwayne Johnson, Chris Evans, Lucy Liu, and J. K. Simmons, with Kiernan Shipka, Bonnie Hunt, Kristofer Hivju, Nick Kroll, and Wesley Kimmel appearing in supporting roles. The film tells the story of Head of North Pole Security Callum Drift, who teams up with black-hat hacker Jack O'Malley to locate a kidnapped Santa Claus on Christmas Eve.

Principal photography for the film began in October 2022 and concluded in February 2023, with filming locations including Atlanta.

Red One was first released theatrically by Warner Bros. Pictures internationally on November 6, 2024, and in the United States by Amazon MGM Studios on November 15. The film received mostly negative reviews from critics and was a box-office bomb, grossing $186 million against a budget of $200–$250 million.

Chris Morgan (filmmaker)
Chris Morgan is an American screenwriter and producer. His writing credits include multiple screenplays in the Fast & Furious franchise, Wanted, and the Fox crime drama Gang Related.  Morgan's production company, Chris Morgan Productions, signed a first-look deal with Universal in 2011. In 2013, Morgan launched a TV production company with a first-look deal at Fox. He was spoofed in a video in The Onion in which he was played by a five-year-old.
Holly Campbell
Holly Edward Campbell (March 1, 1907 – July 28, 1979) was an American track and field athlete and engineer.  As a member of the Michigan Wolverines men's track and field team, he won the 1930 NCAA Championship in the hammer throw.  He later worked as an engineer in the mining and utilities businesses.

Hammer throw
The hammer throw (Abbreviated as HT) is one of the four throwing events in regular outdoor track-and-field competitions, along with the discus throw, shot put and javelin.

The hammer used in this sport is not like any of the tools also called by that name. It consists of a metal ball attached by a steel wire to a grip. These three components are each separate and can move independently. Both the size and weight of the ball vary between men's and women's events. The men's hammer weighs 7.26 kilograms (16 lb) for college and professional meets; the women's hammer weighs 4 kilograms (8.8 lb).
Rhene facilis
Rhene facilis is a species of jumping spider in the genus Rhene that lives in the forests of Tanzania and South Africa. It is a small flattened spider that has a trapezoid carapace that is between 1.6 and 2.1 mm (0.06 and 0.08 in) and an elongated abdomen between 2.2 and 2.5 mm (0.09 and 0.10 in) long. The male's carapace is black while the female's is reddish-brown. It has a dark clypeus and a pitted eye field, the last line of eyes mounted of tubercles. Its front legs are different to the others, the male's being thicker and longer and the female's orange-brown rather than black. The male has a distinctive pattern on its upper surfaces consisting of a white stripe running down from front to back. The female has unusual copulatory organs with a small epigyne and S-shaped copulatory openings. The male was first identified in 2000 and the female in 2013.

Opisthosoma
The opisthosoma is the posterior part of the body in some arthropods, behind the prosoma (cephalothorax). It is a distinctive feature of the subphylum Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs and others). It is similar in most respects to an abdomen (and is often referred to as such).
World Series Most Valuable Player Award
The Willie Mays World Series Most Valuable Player (MVP) Award is given to the Major League Baseball (MLB) player deemed to have the most impact on his team's performance in the World Series, which is the final round of the MLB postseason. The award was first presented in 1955 by Sport magazine, but since 1985 has been officially presented by MLB. The winner is determined during the final game of the World Series by a committee of reporters and officials present at the game.

On September 29, 2017, the award was renamed in honor of Willie Mays in remembrance of the 63rd anniversary of The Catch, which occurred the year before the award's debut; Mays never won the award himself.

The Catch (baseball)
The Catch was a baseball play made by New York Giants center fielder Willie Mays on September 29, 1954, during Game 1 of the 1954 World Series at the Polo Grounds in Upper Manhattan, New York City. In the eighth inning, with the score tied 2–2, Cleveland Indians batter Vic Wertz hit a deep fly ball to center field that had the runners on base poised to score. However, Mays made an over-the-shoulder catch while on the run to record the out, and his throw back to the infield prevented one of the runners from advancing. The Giants won the game 5–2 in extra innings, and eventually the World Series. The Catch is regarded as one of the greatest plays in baseball history.
Tasm and Jadis
Tasm and Jadis (Arabic: طسم وجديس) were two extinct Arab tribes that dominated the region of Al-Yamama in the Arabian Peninsula during ancient times. They are traditionally believed to have been descended from Shem, the son of the biblical patriarch Noah. Tasm and Jadis were active from around approximately 110 BCE until they were both entirely wiped out by the Himyarite Kingdom in the 6th century CE.

Shem
Shem (/ʃɛm/; Hebrew: שֵׁם Šēm; Arabic: سَام, romanized: Sām) is one of the sons of Noah in the Bible (Genesis 5–11 and 1 Chronicles 1:4).

The children of Shem are Elam, Ashur, Arpachshad (or Arphaxad), Lud and Aram, in addition to his unnamed daughters. Abraham, the patriarch of Jews, Christians, and Muslims, is one of the descendants of Arphaxad.

In medieval and early modern European tradition he was considered to be the ancestor of the peoples of Asia, and he gives his name to the title "Semites" formerly given to West Asian peoples.

Islamic literature describes Shem as one of the believing sons of Noah. Some Islamic sources even identify Shem as a prophet in his own right and state that he was the next prophet after his father.
Raffles' Bust
Raffles' Bust refers to multiple busts of British Colonial Official Stamford Raffles, though mainly a marble bust created by Francis Leggatt Chantrey in 1817 that honours Raffles' contributions to the Batavian Society of Arts and Science and is believed to have been destroyed by the sinking of the Fame in 1818. At least two replicas of the bust using different materials were created after sinking using a plaster copy Chantrey had, most prominently one in the Zoological Society of London and Raffles' institution.

The original bust was proposed by members of the Batavian Society of Arts and Science as a token of gratitude for Stamford Raffles. It was later commissioned by Raffles to sculptor Francis Leggatt Chantrey on 17 October 1817 after Raffles was recently knighted. When Raffles returned to Sumatra, he gave the bust to his wife for safekeeping. His wife brought it on the Fame, which sunk on February 2, 1824.

Zoological Society of London
The Zoological Society of London (ZSL) is a charity and organization devoted to the worldwide conservation of animals and their habitats. It was founded in 1826. Since 1828, it has maintained London Zoo, and since 1931 Whipsnade Zoo.