hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Semiperfect magic cube
In mathematics, a semiperfect magic cube is a magic cube that is not a perfect magic cube, i.e., a magic cube for which the cross section diagonals do not necessarily sum up to the cube's magic constant.

Perfect magic cube
In mathematics, a perfect magic cube is a magic cube in which not only the columns, rows, pillars, and main space diagonals, but also the cross section diagonals sum up to the cube's magic constant.

Perfect magic cubes of order one are trivial; cubes of orders two to four can be proven not to exist, and cubes of orders five and six were first discovered by Walter Trump and Christian Boyer on November 13 and September 1, 2003, respectively. A perfect magic cube of order seven was given by A. H. Frost in 1866, and on March 11, 1875, an article was published in the Cincinnati Commercial newspaper on the discovery of a perfect magic cube of order 8 by Gustavus Frankenstein. Perfect magic cubes of orders nine and eleven have also been constructed.
The first perfect cube of order 10 was constructed in 1988 (Li Wen, China).
Tourism in Wales
Tourism in Wales makes up a significant portion of the Welsh economy and attracts millions of visitors each year. The tourism industry in Wales was worth around £5bn in 2017. The tourism industry also makes a significant contribution to the Welsh economy, supporting over 100,000 jobs and more than 8% of the Welsh workforce. Wales attracts visitors from overseas, particularly from the United States, Australia, Germany and the Republic of Ireland.

North West England
North West England is one of nine official regions of England and consists of the ceremonial counties of Cheshire, Cumbria, Greater Manchester, Lancashire and Merseyside. The North West had a population of 7,417,397 in 2021. It is the third-most-populated region in the United Kingdom, after the South East and Greater London. The largest settlements are Manchester and Liverpool. It is one of the three regions, alongside North East England and Yorkshire and the Humber, that make up Northern England.
New Zealand electricity market
The New Zealand electricity market is a decentralised electricity market regulated by the Electricity Industry Participation Code administered by the Electricity Authority (EA). The authority was established in November 2010 to replace the Electricity Commission.

Mercury Energy
Mercury NZ Limited is a New Zealand electricity generation and multi-product utility retailer of electricity, gas, broadband and mobile telephone services. All the company's electricity generation is renewable. Mercury has a pre-paid electricity product sub-brand GLOBUG. Mercury Energy is also the largest electricity retailer in New Zealand.

Mercury generates most of its energy from nine hydro stations on the Waikato River and five geothermal plants in the central north island as well as a number of wind farms. As of June 2021, Mercury had generated 3,611 GWh of electricity through hydro generation and 2,594 GWh through geothermal generation.

Mercury also service industrial and wholesale market customers offering electricity and natural gas products. Since 2022 it has also offered internet fibre broadband services as a bundle for its residential electricity customers. Mercury has offices in Auckland, Tauranga, Hamilton, Rotorua, Palmerston North, Wellington and Oamaru.
Bạch Thông district
Bạch Thông is a rural district of Bắc Kạn province in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2003 the district had a population of 31,585. The district covers an area of 546 km2. The district capital lies at Phủ Thông.

Bạch Thông, Thái Nguyên
Bạch Thông is a commune (xã) and village in Thái Nguyên Province, in Vietnam.

In June 2025, Bạch Thông Commune was established through the merger of the entire natural area and population of Đồng Thắng Commune of Chợ Đồn District (natural area: 46.42 km²; population: 4,055) and two communes of Bạch Thông District: Dương Phong Commune (natural area: 48.92 km²; population: 2,050) and Quang Thuận Commune (natural area: 32.50 km²; population: 2,146).
Gandersheim Casket
The Gandersheim Casket is a small Anglo-Saxon chest from the 8th century, housed in Dankwarderode Castle, a part of the Herzog Anton Ulrich Museum in Braunschweig, Germany.

The panels of the casket are decorated with interlace carvings of animals, plants and abstract shapes. A runic inscription appears on the inner side of the lid. Whilst the inscription is damaged and illegible in parts, it has been translated by Tineke Looijenga and Theo Venneman as "I baptise you in the sign of the cross/in the holy name of Christ. I write (on) you the sign of the cross (with) chrism. Sick (men's) oil (in the name of Christ). Holy Oil, chrism, water." This suggests that the casket may have been used to store holy oil for ecclesiastical purposes.

Interlace (art)
In the visual arts, interlace is a decorative element found in  medieval art. In interlace, bands or portions of other motifs are looped, braided, and knotted in complex geometric patterns, often to fill a space. Interlacing is common in the Migration period art of Northern Europe, in the early medieval Insular art of Britain and Ireland, and Norse art of the Early Middle Ages, and in Islamic art.

Intricate braided and interlaced patterns, called plaits in British usage, first appeared in late Roman art in various parts of Europe, in mosaic floors and other media.  Coptic manuscripts and textiles of 5th- and 6th-century Christian Egypt are decorated with broad-strand ribbon interlace ornament bearing a "striking resemblance" to the earliest types of knotwork found in the Insular art manuscripts of Ireland and the  British Isles.
Autovía A-6
The Autovía A-6 or Autopista AP-6 (also called Autovía del Noroeste) (Galician: Autovía do Noroeste) is a Spanish autovía and autopista route that starts in Madrid and ends in Arteixo (A Coruña).

The tolled Autopista AP-6, from Villalba to Adanero, has a total length of 72.19 km. It includes one of the most important engineering works in the whole motorway, a tri-tube tunnel under the Sierra de Guadarrama.

Highways in Spain
The Spanish motorway (highway) network is the third largest in the world, by length. As of 2025, there are 17,228 km (10,705 mi) of High Capacity Roads (Spanish: Vías de Gran Capacidad) in the country. There are two main types of such roads, autopistas and autovías, which differed in the strictness of the standards they are held to.
71st (Highland) Regiment of Foot
The 71st Regiment of Foot was a Highland regiment in the British Army, raised as the 73rd (Highland) Regiment of Foot in 1777. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 74th (Highland) Regiment of Foot to become the 1st Battalion, Highland Light Infantry in 1881.

Battle of Vitoria
At the Battle of Vitoria (21 June 1813), a British, Portuguese and Spanish army under the Marquess of Wellington broke the French army under King Joseph Bonaparte and Marshal Jean-Baptiste Jourdan near Vitoria in Spain, eventually leading to victory in the Peninsular War.
Latécoère 611
The Latécoère 611 was a French four-engined maritime reconnaissance flying boat of the Second World War. Although only a single prototype was completed, this served throughout the war, being used by both the Vichy French and Free French navies.

Hotchkiss 13.2 mm machine gun
The Hotchkiss 13.2 mm machine gun (French: Mitrailleuse Hotchkiss de 13,2 mm), also known as the Hotchkiss M1929 machine gun (Mle 1929, Mle 1930, etc.), was a heavy machine gun, primarily intended for anti-aircraft use, designed and manufactured by French arms manufacturer Hotchkiss et Cie from the late 1920s until World War II, which saw service with various nations' forces, including Italy and Japan where the gun was built under license.
Square principle
In mathematical set theory, a square principle is a combinatorial principle asserting the existence of a cohering sequence of 
short closed unbounded (club) sets so that no one (long) club set coheres with them all.  As such they may be viewed as a kind of
incompactness phenomenon.  They were introduced by Ronald Jensen in his analysis of  the fine structure of the constructible universe L.

Constructible universe
In mathematics, in set theory, the constructible universe (or Gödel's constructible universe), denoted by  is a particular class of sets that can be described entirely in terms of simpler sets.  is the union of the constructible hierarchy . It was introduced by Kurt Gödel in his 1938 paper "The Consistency of the Axiom of Choice and of the Generalized Continuum-Hypothesis". In this paper, he proved that the constructible universe is an inner model of ZF set theory (that is, of Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory with the axiom of choice excluded), and also that the axiom of choice and the generalized continuum hypothesis are true in the constructible universe. This shows that both propositions are consistent with the basic axioms of set theory, if ZF itself is consistent. Since many other theorems only hold in systems in which one or both of the propositions is true, their consistency is an important result.
Philip of Jerusalem
Philip Bishop of Jerusalem, was a 2nd-century Jewish Christian leader and Bishop of Jerusalem, whose episcopacy was about 120-124 AD.

According to Eusebius of Caesarea he was a Jewish Christian.

His feast day is Aug 4.

Eusebius
Eusebius of Caesarea (c. AD 260/265 – 30 May AD 339), also known as Eusebius Pamphilius, was a historian of Christianity, exegete, and Christian polemicist from the Roman province of Syria Palaestina. In about AD 314 he became the bishop of Caesarea Maritima.

Together with Pamphilus, Eusebius was a scholar of the biblical canon and is regarded as one of the most learned Christians during late antiquity. He wrote the Demonstrations of the Gospel, Preparations for the Gospel and On Discrepancies between the Gospels, studies of the biblical text. His work Onomasticon is an early geographical lexicon of places in the Holy Land mentioned in the Bible. As "Father of Church History" (not to be confused with the title of Church Father), he produced the Ecclesiastical History, On the Life of Pamphilus, the Chronicle and On the Martyrs. He also produced a biographical work on Constantine the Great, the first Christian Roman emperor, who was Augustus between AD 306 and AD 337.
Sigma1 Ursae Majoris
Sigma1 Ursae Majoris (σ1 UMa) is the Bayer designation for a solitary star in the northern circumpolar constellation of Ursa Major. With an apparent visual magnitude of 5.14 it is faintly visible to the naked eye on dark nights. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 6.26 mas, it is located roughly 520 light years from the Sun. At that distance, the visual magnitude of the star is diminished by an extinction factor of 0.06 due to interstellar dust.

This is an evolved K-type giant star with a stellar classification of K5 III. It is a suspected variable with an amplitude of 0.03 magnitude. The measured angular diameter of the star after correcting for limb darkening is 2.67±0.04 mas, which, at the estimated distance of this star, yields a physical size of about 46 times the radius of the Sun. The star is radiating around 560 times the solar luminosity from its outer atmosphere at an effective temperature of 3,940 K.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
Bilal El Najjarine
Bilal Mohamad Saada Cheikh El Najjarine (Arabic: بلال محمد سادة شيخ النجارين; born 8 February 1981), or simply Bilal El Najjarine, is a Lebanese former professional footballer who played as a centre-back.

At club level he most notably played for Nejmeh, also playing in Australia, India, and the United Arab Emirates. He represented Lebanon internationally between 2004 and 2015.

Al-Manar Football Festival
The Al-Manar Football Festival (Arabic: مهرجان كرة المنار) was an event organised by the Al-Manar television station between the 1996–97 and 2018–19 seasons in order to award players, managers, referees and teams who were considered to have performed the best over the previous Lebanese Premier League season. Between the 2017–18 and 2018–19 seasons, the referendum to decide the winners of the awards was held online.

Lebanese forward Hassan Maatouk was awarded the Best Player award a record four times. Salih Sadir from Iraq is the foreign player with the most Best Player awards, having won it three times in a row. Lebanese coach Adnan Al Sharqi holds the most Best Coach awards, with four.
Antonio Natali (art historian)
Antonio Natali (born 1951) is an Italian art historian, academic and museum director. Born in Piombino, he headed several departments at the Uffizi from 1981 onwards before becoming its director from 2006 until 2015.

He and Carlo Falciani curated three exhibitions on 16th century Florentine art at the Palazzo Strozzi. From 2000 to 2010, he taught museology at the University of Perugia. In 2006, he became professor of modern art history at Milan Poytechnic. He is now an advisor at the Opera del Duomo di Firenze and an independent curator.

Uffizi
The Uffizi Gallery (UK: /juːˈfɪtsi, ʊˈfiːtsi/ yoo-FIT-see, uu-FEET-see; Italian: Galleria degli Uffizi, pronounced [ɡalleˈriːa deʎʎ ufˈfittsi]) is a prominent art museum adjacent to the Piazza della Signoria in the Historic Centre of Florence in the region of Tuscany, Italy. One of the most important Italian museums and the most visited, it is also one of the largest and best-known in the world and holds a collection of priceless works, particularly from the period of the Italian Renaissance.

After the ruling House of Medici died out, their art collections were given to the city of Florence under the famous Patto di famiglia ("family pact") negotiated by Anna Maria Luisa, the last Medici heiress. The Uffizi is one of the first modern museums. The gallery had been open to visitors by request since the sixteenth century, and in 1769 it was officially opened to the public, formally becoming a museum in 1865.
Noah's Event Venue
NOAH'S Event Venue was an American company which operated event venues for weddings, corporate functions, and other occasions. At their peak the company had over 39 locations across the United States. Headquartered in Lehi, Utah and founded in 2003, the company declared bankruptcy in 2019 amid accusations of fraud and under an order from Federal Judge Joel Marker closed all locations in February 2020.

Ponzi scheme
A Ponzi scheme (/ˈpɒnzi/, Italian: [ˈpontsi]) is a form of fraud that lures investors and pays profits to earlier investors with funds from more recent investors. Named after Italian con artist Charles Ponzi, this type of scheme misleads investors by either falsely suggesting that profits are derived from legitimate business activities (whereas the business activities are non-existent), or by exaggerating the extent and profitability of the legitimate business activities, using new investments to fabricate or supplement these profits. A Ponzi scheme can maintain the illusion of a sustainable business as long as investors continue to contribute new funds, and as long as most of the investors do not demand full repayment or lose faith in the non-existent assets they are purported to own.
2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 3 – Men's 1000 metres
The men's 1000 metres race of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup 3, arranged in the Alau Ice Palace, in Astana, Kazakhstan, was held on 30 November 2013.

Shani Davis of the United States won the race, extending his winning streak from the start of the season, while Mirko Giacomo Nenzi of Italy came second, and Michel Mulder of the Netherlands came third. Pim Schipper of the Netherlands won the Division B race.

2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup – World Cup 3
The third competition weekend of the 2013–14 ISU Speed Skating World Cup was held in the Alau Ice Palace in Astana, Kazakhstan, from Friday, 29 November, until Sunday, 1 December 2013. It was previously announced to be in Heerenveen, Netherlands.

There were no new world records this weekend, but Lee Sang-hwa of South Korea set a new low-altitude record on the women's 500 metres on Friday, as she skated the fastest time recorded on any rink outside Calgary and Salt Lake City, continuing her winning streak from the start of the season through Saturday's race. Shani Davis of the United States and Sven Kramer of the Netherlands also continued their unbeaten streaks, on the men's 1000 metres and 5000/10000 meters, respectively.
XMODS
XMODS were 1:28 scale electric radio-controlled cars. Originally invented by Nobuaki Ogihara in Japan, XMODS were released with several body styles over multiple generations.  Due to the popularity of  tuner culture in the early to mid 2000's, the cars' primary marketing focus was on customization.  This was reflected by the various first party body kits and upgrades released with XMODS.  The cars were distributed by RadioShack in the United States, by Hobby Products International (HPI Racing) in Japan, Mirage RC in the U.K. (Distributor of HPI Products in the U.K.), and by Carson Modellsport (Subdivision of Tamiya Germany) in Europe.

Chevrolet Camaro (first generation)
The first-generation Chevrolet Camaro is an American pony car introduced by Chevrolet in the fall of 1966 for the 1967 model year. It used a brand-new rear-wheel-drive GM F-body platform and was available as a 2-door, 2+2 seat, hardtop, and convertible. The F-body was shared with the Pontiac Firebird for all generations. A 230 cu in Chevrolet straight-6 was standard, with several Chevy V8s available as options. The first-generation Camaro was built through the 1969 model year.

Almost all of 1967–1969 Camaros were built in the two U.S. assembly plants: Norwood, Ohio, and Van Nuys, California. There were also five non-U.S. Camaro assembly plants in countries that required local assembly and content. These plants were located in the Philippines, Belgium, Switzerland, Venezuela, and Peru.
South Nottinghamshire Hussars
The South Nottinghamshire Hussars is a unit of the British Army formed as volunteer cavalry in 1794. Converted to artillery in 1922, it presently forms part of 103 (Lancashire Artillery Volunteers) Regiment, Royal Artillery.

QF 18-pounder gun
The Ordnance QF 18-pounder, or simply 18-pounder gun, was the standard British Empire field gun of the First World War era. It formed the backbone of the Royal Field Artillery during the war, and was produced in large numbers. It was used by British Forces in all the main theatres, and by British troops in Russia in 1919. Its calibre (84 mm) and shell weight were greater than those of the equivalent field guns in French (75 mm) and German (77 mm) service. It was generally horse drawn until mechanisation in the 1930s.

The first versions were introduced in 1904. Later versions remained in service with British forces until early 1942. During the interwar period, the 18-pounder was developed into the early versions of the Ordnance QF 25-pounder, which would form the basis of the British artillery forces during and after the Second World War in much the same fashion as the 18-pounder had during the First.
NGC 4298
NGC 4298 is a flocculent spiral galaxy located about 53 million light-years away in the constellation Coma Berenices. The galaxy was discovered by astronomer William Herschel on April 8, 1784 and is a member of the Virgo Cluster.

NGC 4298 may harbor an intermediate-mass black hole with an estimated mass ranging from 20,000 (2×104 M☉) to 500,000 (5×105 M☉) solar masses.

Flocculent spiral galaxy
A flocculent spiral galaxy is a type of spiral galaxy. Unlike the well-defined spiral architecture of a grand design spiral galaxy, flocculent (meaning "fluffy") galaxies are patchy, with discontinuous spiral arms. Self-propagating star formation is the apparent explanation for the structure of flocculent spirals. Approximately 30% of spirals are flocculent, 10% are grand design, and the rest are referred to as "multi-armed". The multiple-arm type is sometimes grouped into the flocculent category.

The prototypical flocculent spiral is NGC 2841.
Rad Kortenhorst
Leonardus Gerardus (Rad) Kortenhorst  (12 November 1886 – 13 January 1963) was a Dutch politician. He was president of the House of Representatives of the Netherlands from 12 August 1948 to 13 January 1963.

Speaker of the House of Representatives (Netherlands)
The speaker of the House of Representatives (Dutch: voorzitter van de Tweede Kamer), also known as the president or chair, is the presiding officer of the House of Representatives, the lower chamber of the States General of the Netherlands. Elected from among its 150 members, the speaker leads the meetings of the House and chairs its presidium and procedure committee. Prior to the 1982 constitutional revision, the speaker was appointed by the Crown, who usually followed the recommendations of the House.
Ilisha (genus)
Ilisha is a genus of ray-finned fishes in the family Pristigasteridae. The genus contains 16 species. It is similar to Pellona but lacks a toothed hypo-maxilla. The genus has a worldwide distribution in tropical and subtropical coastal waters and estuaries. Some species also enter rivers, and I. amazonica and I. novacula are largely–if not entirely–restricted to tropical rivers.

Ilisha elongata
The elongate ilisha (Ilisha elongata), also known as the Chinese herring (simplified Chinese: 勒鱼; traditional Chinese: 勒魚; pinyin: lèyú, or simply 鳓; 鰳; lè) or slender shad (although not a true herring or shad), is a species of longfin herring native to the coastal waters and estuaries of North Indian Ocean and Northwest Pacific. It is a relatively large species, up to 45–60 centimetres (18–24 in) in total length. It is an important fishery species.
Aedh Buidhe
Aedh Buidhe (died 600, "Áed the Yellow") was the 13th King of the Uí Maine.

The early historic era of the kingdom of Uí Maine is fragmentary. It is first mentioned in the annals in 537. Likewise the succession of its kings. King Brenainn mac Cairbre died in 597 and it is presumed that Aedh Buidhe succeeded him.

The Annals of the Four Masters, based on earlier sources, state that Aedh was killed on the same day that King Áed Sláine of Brega killed Áed Rón mac Cathail of the Ui Failghe, whose death is however set at 604.

The following verse commemorated the events of that day.

Great was the bloody condition/of all the Irish kings/Aedh Slaine of the valorous host/Aedh Roin, and Aedh Buidhe.

He appears to have been succeeded by Conall mac Máele Dúib, who died in 629, although some place Brenainn mac Cairbre's death in 601.

Áed Rón mac Cathail
Áed Rón mac Cathail (died 604) was a king of the Uí Failge, a Laigin people of County Offaly. He was the grandson of Bruidge mac Nath Í (died 579), a previous king.

He is listed as king in the Book of Leinster king list though incorrectly as Aed Róin mac Falge Ruit. He is also mentioned in a poem in the genealogies about the royal fort at Rathangan, County Kildare. His father Cathal mac Bruidgi was also mentioned as king in this poem but is not in the king list or annals.

Áed took the side of the Síl nÁedo Sláine branch versus the Clann Cholmáin in the feud among the southern Ui Neill. As a result he was slain in 604 on the same day as Áed Sláine in the interests of Conall Guthbinn (died 635), king of Uisnech.

His son Ailill mac Áedo Róin was a king of the Uí Failge. However future kings were to descend from his brother Máel Uma.