hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Operation Avalanche naval order of battle
Operation Avalanche was the codename for the combined US and British landings on the southwest coast of Italy on 9 September 1943 as part of the Allied effort in the Mediterranean Theater during World War II. The forces landed consisted of the US Fifth Army under Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark. The Fifth Army was made up of the British X Corps, which landed south of the town of Salerno, and the US VI Corps, which landed at the town of Paestum.

The landings were carried out by combined forces of the US Navy and Royal Navy.

Naval losses: 2 destroyers, 1 minesweeper, 1 tug, 1 hospital ship

Amphibious command ship
An amphibious command ship (LCC) of the United States Navy is a large, special-purpose ship, originally designed to command large amphibious invasions. However, as amphibious invasions have become unlikely, they are now used as general command ships, and serve as floating headquarters for the various combatant commands.  Currently, they are assigned to the 6th and 7th Fleets as flagships.
Oleksei Voytsekhovsky
Oleksii Vitaliiovych Voitsekhovskyi (Ukrainian: Олексій Віталійович Войцеховський; born May 10, 1987) is a Ukrainian ice hockey forward currently playing in the Turkish Ice Hockey Super League for Zeytinburnu Belediyespor. He was a member of the Ukraine national junior team. The 1.79 m (5 ft 10+1⁄2 in) tall player at 74 kg (163 lb) shoots right-handed.

2005 IIHF World U18 Championship Division I
The 2005 IIHF World U18 Championship Division I were a pair of international under-18 ice hockey tournaments run by the International Ice Hockey Federation. The Division I tournaments made up the second level of competition at the 2005 IIHF World U18 Championships. The Group A tournament took place between 3 April and 9 April 2005 in Maribor, Slovenia and the Group B tournament took place between 2 April and 8 April 2005 in Sosnowiec, Poland. Belarus and Norway won the Group A and Group B tournaments respectively and gained promotion to the Championship Division for the 2006 IIHF World U18 Championships. While Great Britain finished last in Group A and Italy last in Group B and were both relegated to Division II for 2006.
Buckley Lake (British Columbia)
Buckley Lake, elevation 841 m (2,759 ft), is a lake in the Tahltan Highland of the Stikine Plateau in northwestern British Columbia, Canada. It is located east of Telegraph Creek at the north end of Mount Edziza Provincial Park. The primary outflow of Buckley Lake is Buckley Creek, which flows northeast into the Klastline River.

Mount Edziza Provincial Park
Mount Edziza Provincial Park is a provincial park in Cassiar Land District of northern British Columbia, Canada. It was established on 27 July 1972 to showcase the Mount Edziza volcanic complex and the surrounding Tahltan Highland.
Fundy-St. Martins
Fundy-St. Martins is a village municipality in the Canadian province of New Brunswick. The jurisdiction was formed through the 2023 New Brunswick local governance reforms which saw the consolidation of entities into regions or districts.

2023 New Brunswick local governance reform
Local governance reform in the Canadian province of New Brunswick was implemented on January 1, 2023. This resulted in a significant reorganization of the local government entities in the province, including a reduction in the number of entities from 340 to 89, consisting of 77 local governments and 12 rural districts nested within 12 regional service commissions. The local governance reform review was commenced by the Government of New Brunswick in January 2021 and was promoted as the most consequential restructuring of the local governance system since Premier Robichaud's Equal Opportunity Program.
United Blood Nation
The United Blood Nation, also known as the East Coast Bloods, is a street and prison gang active primarily in the New York metropolitan area. It is the east coast faction of the California-based Bloods street gang. Their main source of income is the trafficking and sale of illegal drugs.

Crips
The Crips are a primarily African-American alliance of street gangs that are based in the coastal regions of Southern California. Founded in Los Angeles, California, in 1969, mainly by Raymond Washington and Stanley Williams, the Crips began as an alliance between two autonomous gangs, and developed into a loosely connected network of individual "sets", often engaged in open warfare with one another. Its members have traditionally worn blue clothing since around 1973.

The Crips are one of the largest and most violent associations of street gangs in the United States. With an estimated 30,000 to 35,000 members in 2008, the gangs' members have been involved in murders, robberies, and drug dealing, among other crimes. They have a long and bitter rivalry with the Bloods.

Some self-identified Crips have been convicted of federal racketeering.
Daniel Carriço
Daniel Filipe Martins Carriço (born 4 August 1988) is a Portuguese former professional footballer who played mainly as a central defender.

He spent most of his early career with Sporting CP, appearing in 154 official matches over four and a half seasons and scoring five goals. In 2013 he signed with Sevilla, winning the Europa League four times with the club while playing 167 games in all competitions.

Carriço earned 70 caps for Portugal across all youth levels, including 16 for the under-21s (four goals). He played one match with the senior team in 2015.

2013–14 UEFA Europa League
The 2013–14 UEFA Europa League was the 43rd season of Europe's secondary club football tournament organised by UEFA, and the fifth season under its current title.

The final was played between Sevilla and Benfica at the Juventus Stadium in Turin, Italy, which was won by Sevilla on penalties, giving them a record-equalling third UEFA Cup/Europa League title. Chelsea could not defend their title as they automatically qualified for the 2013–14 UEFA Champions League and also reached the knockout stage.
State/Space theory
State/Space theory constitutes a new branch of social and political geography in which the issues of space as a geographic element are considered for their influence on political relationships and outcomes. Leading scholars include Neil Brenner at the Harvard Graduate School of Design, and Bob Jessop at Lancaster University in England, United Kingdom.

Other relevant scholars include the following: Henri Lefebvre, Charles Tilly, Saskia Sassen, and Edward W. Soja.

Political geography
Political geography is concerned with the study of both the spatially uneven outcomes of political processes and the ways in which political processes are themselves affected by spatial structures. Conventionally, for the purposes of analysis, political geography adopts a three-scale structure with the study of the state at the centre, the study of international relations (or geopolitics) above it, and the study of localities below it. The primary concerns of the subdiscipline can be summarized as the inter-relationships between people, state, and territory.
Cellular neuroscience
Cellular neuroscience is a branch of neuroscience concerned with the study of neurons at a cellular level. This includes morphology and physiological properties of single neurons. Several techniques such as intracellular recording, patch-clamp, and voltage-clamp technique, pharmacology, confocal imaging, molecular biology, two photon laser scanning microscopy and Ca2+ imaging have been used to study activity at the cellular level. Cellular neuroscience examines the various types of neurons, the functions of different neurons, the influence of neurons upon each other, and how neurons work together.

Dendrite
A dendrite (from Greek δένδρον déndron, "tree") or dendron is a branched cytoplasmic process that extends from a nerve cell that propagates the electrochemical stimulation received from other neural cells to the cell body, or soma, of the neuron from which the dendrites project. Electrical stimulation is transmitted onto dendrites by upstream neurons (usually via their axons) via synapses which are located at various points throughout the dendritic tree.

Dendrites play a critical role in integrating these synaptic inputs and in determining the extent to which action potentials are produced by the neuron.
Orebodies 18, 23 and 25 mine
The Orebodies 18, 23 and 25 mine, part of BHP's Eastern Ridge hub and officially referred to as the Newman East operation, is an iron ore mine located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, eight kilometres east of Newman.

The mine is owned by BHP (85%), Mitsui Iron (10%) and Itochu (5%).

Newman, Western Australia
Newman, originally named Mount Newman until 1981, is a town in the Pilbara region of Western Australia.  It is located about 1,186 kilometres (737 mi) north of Perth, and 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) north of the Tropic of Capricorn.  It can be reached by the Great Northern Highway. Newman is a modern mining town, with homes contrasting with the surrounding reddish desert. As of the 2021 census, Newman had a population of 6,456. The Hickman Crater, a meteorite impact crater discovered in 2007, is 35 kilometres (22 mi) north of Newman.
Gagan mein thaal
Gagan mai thaal is an Aarti (prayer) in Sikh religion which was recited by first guru, Guru Nanak. This was recited by him in 1506 or 1508 at the revered Jagannath Temple, Puri during his journey (called "udaasi") to east Indian subcontinent. This arti is sung (not performed with platter and lamps etc.) daily after recitation of Rehraas Sahib & Ardās at the Darbar Sahib, Amritsar and at most Gurdwara sahibs. However, it is common among Nihangs to recite “Aarta” before arti which is a composition of prayers from each banis in Dasam Granth and to use lamps, flowers, conch shells, bells, incense at different parts of the ceremony “sankhan kee dhun ghantan kee kar foolan kee barakhaa barakhaavai”. This form of arti is also recited at Patna Sahib and Hazur Sahib. This form of Sikh arti is the most common arti at Ravidassia gurdwaras.

Rehras
Rehras Sahib (Punjabi: ਰਹਿਰਾਸ ਸਾਹਿਬ, pronunciation: [ɾəɦɚaːs saːɦɪb], lit. “the way”), commonly known as So dar Rehras, is the daily evening prayer of the Sikhs and is part of Nitnem. It includes hymns from Guru Granth Sahib Ji and Dasam Granth Ji.

It contains hymns of So Dar, So Purakh, Chaupai Sahib, a concise version of Anand Sahib, and Mundhavani, among which Chaupai Sahib is from the Dasam Granth Ji. This Bani is a collection of hymns of five Sikh Gurus: Guru Nanak Dev Ji, Guru Amar Das Ji, Guru Ram Das Ji, Guru Arjan Dev Ji and Guru Gobind Singh Ji.
Karrick process
The Karrick process is a low-temperature carbonization (LTC) and pyrolysis process of carbonaceous materials. Although primarily meant for coal carbonization, it also could be used for processing of oil shale, lignite or any carbonaceous materials. These are heated at 450 °C (800 °F) to 700 °C (1,300 °F) in the absence of air to distill out synthetic fuels–unconventional oil and syngas. It could be used for a coal liquefaction as also for a semi-coke production. The process was the work of oil shale technologist Lewis Cass Karrick at the United States Bureau of Mines in the 1920s.

Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis (/paɪˈrɒlɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire' and  λύσις (lúsis) 'separation') is a process involving the separation of covalent bonds in organic matter by thermal decomposition within an inert environment without oxygen.
Tuổi thơ dữ dội
Tuổi thơ dữ dội is a Vietnamese war novel written by Phùng Quán from 1968 to 1986 and published in 1988. The book takes place in Huế during the First Indochina War. It follows the tales of young teenagers who volunteered for the Viet Minh, operating as recons and scouts.

The novel is a major success in Vietnam, receiving many positive reviews. In 1990 it was adapted into a film.

War novel
A war novel or military fiction is a novel about war. It is a novel in which the primary action takes place on a battlefield, or in a civilian setting (or home front), where the characters are preoccupied with the preparations for, suffering the effects of, or recovering from war.  Many war novels are historical novels.
Jaime Bayona
Jaime Bayona García is a Peruvian physician who focuses on public health and he has become a specialist in studying the epidemiology of tuberculosis. He is also known for his case studies on HIV/AIDS in Peru and other developing countries. Dr. Bayona has also done work on how public health systems should improve, in terms of providing the best approach to help the sick that cannot afford health care.

Partners In Health
Partners In Health (PIH) is an international nonprofit public health organization founded in 1987 by Paul Farmer, Ophelia Dahl, Thomas J. White, Todd McCormack, and Jim Yong Kim.

Partners in Health provides healthcare in the poorest areas of developing countries. The organization builds hospitals and other medical facilities, hires and trains local staff, and delivers a range of healthcare, from in-home consultations to cancer treatments. It also removes barriers to maintaining good health, such as dirty water or a lack of food. The approach trades charity for "accompaniment" which is described as a "dogged commitment to doing whatever it takes to give the poor a fair shake." While many of its principles are rooted in liberation theology, the organization is secular. It forms long-term partnerships with and works on behalf of, local ministries of health. PIH holds a 4 out of 4 stars rating from Charity Navigator, a nonprofit evaluator.
Hunting in Australia
Australia has a population of about 26 million of which there are 640,000 recreational hunters. There are around 6 million legally owned guns in Australia, ranging from airguns to single-shot, bolt-action, pump-action, bows, lever-action or semi-automatic firearms.

California quail
The California quail (Callipepla californica), also known as the California valley quail or Valley quail, is a small ground-dwelling bird in the New World quail family. These birds have a curving crest, plume or topknot   made of six feathers, that droops forward: black in males and brown in females; the flanks are brown with white streaks. Males have a dark brown cap and a black face with a brown back, a grey-blue chest and a light brown belly. Females and immature birds are mainly grey-brown with a light-colored belly.
Their closest relative is Gambel's quail, which has a more southerly distribution and a longer crest at 2.5 in (6.4 cm), a brighter head and lacks the scaly appearance of the California quail. The two species separated about 1–2 million years ago, during the Late Pliocene or Early Pleistocene. It was selected as the state bird of California in 1931.
Anthrax hoaxes
Anthrax hoaxes involving the use of white powder or labels to falsely suggest the use of anthrax are frequently reported in the United States and globally. Hoaxes have increased following the 2001 anthrax attacks, after which no genuine anthrax attacks have occurred. The FBI and U.S. postal inspectors have responded to thousands of "white powder events" and targets have included government offices, US embassies, banks and news organizations.

Hoax
A hoax (pl.: hoaxes) is a widely publicised falsehood created to deceive its audience with false and often astonishing information, with the either malicious or humorous intent of causing shock and interest in as many people as possible.

Some hoaxers intend to eventually unmask their representations as having been a hoax so as to expose their victims as fools; seeking some form of profit, other hoaxers hope to maintain the hoax indefinitely, so that it is only when skeptical people willing to investigate their claims publish their findings, that the hoaxers are finally revealed as such.
2016–17 Australian Athletics Championships
The 2016–17 Australian Athletics Championships was the 95th edition of the national championship in outdoor track and field for Australia. It was held from 30 March – 2 April 2017 at the Sydney Olympic Park Athletic Centre in Sydney. It served as the selection meeting for Australia at the 2017 World Championships in Athletics. Distance events were held separately, with the 10,000 metres taking place at the Zatopek 10K on 8 December 2016 at Lakeside Stadium in Melbourne and the 5000 metres taking place at the Summer of Athletics Meet in Canberra on 11 March 2017.

Australian Athletics Championships
The Australian Athletics Championships or Australian Open Track and Field Championships are held annually to determine Australia's champion athletes in a range of athletics events.  The championships are the primary qualification trial for athletes wishing to compete at the Olympic Games, Commonwealth Games or World Championships. The event is conducted by Australian Athletics.

The 2023 Australian Championships were the 100th edition of the event, which dates back to 1890 for men, and 1931 for women. These championships has been held in all states of Australia, with the Queensland Sport & Athletics Centre being the venue that has held the most editions of the event (12).

Initially, men’s and women’s events were held separately, in different places, until the Olympic selections of 1972 and 1976, and as a single event since 1978.

These championships are considered open: athletes from other countries such as New Zealand and the USA have competed in and won events.
Onegesius
Onegesius (Ancient Greek: Ὀνηγήσιος, romanized: Onegesios) was a powerful Hunnic logades (minister) who supposedly held power second only to Attila the Hun. According to Priscus he "seated on a chair to the right of the king" i.e. Attila.

Otto J. Maenchen-Helfen
Otto John Maenchen-Helfen (German: Otto Mänchen-Helfen; July 26, 1894 – January 29, 1969) was an Austrian academic, sinologist, historian, author, and traveler.

From 1927 to 1930, he worked at the Marx-Engels Institute in Moscow, and from 1930 to 1933 in Berlin. When the Nazi Party came to power in Germany, he returned to Austria, and after the Anschluss in 1938 he emigrated to the United States, eventually becoming a professor at the University of California, Berkeley. He was the author of several oft-cited books, including a history of the Huns.

He was the first non-Russian to travel and report on Tannu Tuva. He obtained permission to travel there and study its inhabitants in 1929. He later published his experiences in a book, Reise ins asiatische Tuwa (Travels in Asiatic Tuva).
Georgios Diamantopoulos
Georgios "Giorgos" Diamantopoulos (Greek: Γεώργιος (Γιώργος) Διαμαντόπουλος; born on February 15, 1980) is a Greek former professional basketball player. At a height of 6 ft 5 in (1.96 m) tall, he played as a shooting guard-small forward. In the prime of his career, he possessed great scoring ability.

2006–07 FIBA EuroCup Challenge
The 2006–07 FIBA EuroCup Challenge was the fifth edition of Europe's fourth-tier level transnational competition for men's professional basketball clubs. The season had the participation of 16 teams. The Russian club CSK VVS-Samara won the title, after beating the Cypriot club Keravnos in the Final.
Leeward Islands Cricket Association
The Leeward Islands Cricket Association, also known as the Leeward Islands Cricket Board (more often since 2015), is the ruling body for cricket in the following Caribbean islands: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda (founding member in 1913), the British Virgin Islands, Montserrat (founding member in 1913), Nevis (admitted in 1949), Saint Kitts (founding member in 1913), Sint Maarten, and the United States Virgin Islands. Dominica is geographically a part of the Leeward Islands, but as it was part of the Windward Islands colony from 1940 until its independence, its cricket federation remains a part of the Windward Islands although it did participate in the first Leeward Islands tournament and was a founding member of the Leeward Islands Cricket Association in 1913.

Anguilla national cricket team
The Anguilla national cricket team is the representative cricket team of Anguilla, a British Overseas Territory in the Caribbean.

The team takes part in inter-regional cricket competitions in the Caribbean, but has only appeared in senior cricket twice, in the two Stanford 20/20 tournaments. For domestic first-class and List A purposes, Anguilla is subsumed into the Leeward Islands cricket team. The first Anguillan to play Test cricket for West Indies was Omari Banks in 2003.
Prince William Sound College
Prince William Sound College (formerly Prince William Sound Community College and also known as PWSC and P-DUB) is a college located at 303 Lowe St. in Valdez, Alaska. PWSC comprises one main campus in Valdez and extension campuses in Glennallen and Cordova.  The college is part of the University of Alaska Anchorage under the aegis of the University of Alaska System.

PWSC serves approximately 44,000 sq. mi., about the area of Ohio. Around 1,000 local, rural, and out-of-state students attend the college either face-to-face, through ITV classrooms or via Blackboard. There is no out-of-state tuition.

Trail of the Whispering Giants
The Trail of the Whispering Giants is a collection of sculptures by American artist Peter Wolf Toth. The sculptures range in height from 20 to 40 feet (6.1 to 12.2 m), and are between 8 and 10 feet (2.4 and 3.0 m) in diameter. In 2009, there were 74 Whispering Giants, with at least one in each of the 50 U.S. states, as well as in Ontario and Manitoba, Canada, and one in Hungary. One in Oregon was removed in 2017 after irreparable windstorm damage, reducing the total to 73. In 1988, Toth completed his goal of placing at least one statue in each of the 50 states, by carving one in Hawaii, and in 2008, he created his first Whispering Giant in Europe, Stephen I of Hungary in Délegyháza, Hungary along the Danube River.

In 2009, eight more Whispering Giants were planned.
C. W. Thornthwaite
Charles Warren Thornthwaite (March 7, 1899 – June 11, 1963) was an American geographer and climatologist. He is best known for devising the Thornthwaite climate classification, a climate classification system modified in 1948 that is still in use worldwide, and also for his detailed water budget computations of potential evapotranspiration.

He was Professor of Climatology at Johns Hopkins University, adjunct professor at Drexel University, President of the Commission for Climatology of the World Meteorological Organization, a recipient of the Outstanding Achievement Award of the Association of American Geographers, and the Cullum Geographical Medal from the American Geographical Society.

Central Michigan University
Central Michigan University (CMU, CMICH) is a public research university in Mount Pleasant, Michigan, United States. It was established in 1892 as a private normal school and became a state institution in 1895. CMU is one of the eight research universities in Michigan and is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". It has more than 14,000 students on its Mount Pleasant campus. CMU offers 200 academic programs at the undergraduate, master's, specialist, and doctoral levels. The Central Michigan Chippewas compete in the NCAA Division I Mid-American Conference in six men's and ten women's sports.
Chad McCharles
Chad McCharles is a Canadian Anglican bishop. Since 2025, he has been the 10th bishop of the Anglican Diocese of Saskatoon in the Anglican Church of Canada. Prior to his episcopacy, McCharles was a priest in Manitoba.

Anglican Diocese of Saskatoon
The Diocese of Saskatoon is a diocese of the Ecclesiastical Province of the Northern Lights of the Anglican Church of Canada. Its territory is a band across the middle of the province of Saskatchewan. It was separated from the Anglican Diocese of Saskatchewan in 1933. The motto of the diocese is Sursum Corda - Lift up your hearts, a phrase from the service of Holy Communion. The cathedral church is St. John the Evangelist, built in 1912. Many rural parishes are multi-point charges.