hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Chak Mander
Chak Mander is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 1.9 kilometres (1.2 mi) away from postal head office Kultham, 14 kilometres (8.7 mi) from Banga, 28 kilometres (17 mi) from the district headquarters Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and 118 kilometres (73 mi) from the state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch, an elected representative of the village.

Kultham
Kultham is a village in Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) away from Banga, 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) from Phagwara, 27 kilometres (17 mi) from district headquarter Shaheed Bhagat Singh Nagar and 119 kilometres (74 mi) from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village. Singer Avtar Singh Kang was born in this village and later went to the United Kingdom.
250s
The 250s (pronounced two-fifties or two-hundred and fifties) was a decade that ran from January 1, 250, to December 31, 259.

During this decade, the Roman Empire and China were both in periods of instability with Rome in the Crisis of the Third Century and China in the Three Kingdoms period.

Pope Fabian
Pope Fabian (Latin: Fabianus) was the bishop of Rome and head of the Catholic Church from 10 January 236 until his death on 20 January 250, succeeding Anterus. A dove is said to have descended on his head to mark him as the Holy Spirit's unexpected choice to become the next pope. He was succeeded by Cornelius.

Most of his papacy was characterized by amicable relations with the imperial government, and the schism between the Roman congregations of Pontian and Hippolytus was ended. He divided Rome into diaconates and appointed secretaries to collect the records of the martyrs. He sent out seven "apostles to the Gauls" as missionaries, but probably did not baptize Emperor Philip the Arab as is alleged. He died a martyr at the beginning of the Decian persecution and is venerated as a saint by the Catholic Church and the Orthodox Church.
Torchon lace
Torchon lace (Dutch: stropkant) is a bobbin lace that was made all over Europe. It is continuous, with the pattern made at the same time as the ground. Typical basic stitches include whole stitch, half stitch, and twists, and common motifs include spiders and fans. Torchon lace was notable historically for being coarse and strong, as well as consisting of simple geometric patterns and straight lines. It did not use representational designs, for the most part.

Bobbin lace
Bobbin lace is a lace textile made by braiding and twisting lengths of thread, which are wound on bobbins to manage them. As the work progresses, the weaving is held in place with pins set in a lace pillow, the placement of the pins usually determined by a pattern or pricking pinned on the pillow.

Bobbin lace is also known as pillow lace, because it was worked on a pillow, and bone lace, because early bobbins were made of bone or ivory.

Bobbin lace is one of the two major categories of handmade laces, the other being needle lace, derived from earlier cutwork and reticella.
The Challenge: Rivals II
The Challenge: Rivals II is the 24th season of the MTV reality game show The Challenge. The season took place in Phuket, Thailand, with former cast members from The Real World and The Challenge competing.

A launch special, "ChallengeMania: the Road to Rivals II," aired on June 26, 2013. The season premiered with a special 90 minutes episode on July 10, 2013, and concluded its run on September 25, 2013, with the live Reunion special.

This is the second of the Rivals series, with the original Rivals airing in 2011 and Rivals III following in 2016.

The Challenge: Battle of the Seasons
The Challenge: Battle of the Seasons is the 23rd season of the MTV reality game show, The Challenge. The season took place in Bodrum, Turkey and Swakopmund & Windhoek, Namibia, and featured cast members from select seasons of The Real World and The Challenge competing for the $250,000 grand prize.

The season premiered with a special 90 minutes episode on September 19, 2012, and concluded its run on December 19, 2012, with the reunion special.
Xiadong station
Xiadong station (simplified Chinese: 夏东站; traditional Chinese: 夏東站; pinyin: Xiàdōng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Hahdūng Jaahm) is a light metro station on Nanhai Tram Line 1 of Foshan Metro, located in Foshan's Nanhai District. It opened on 18 August 2021.

There is a ceramic cultural art wall installation on the concourse, which shows the traditional Cantonese residential architecture of Wok Ear House.

Line 1 (Nanhai Tram)
Nanhai Tram Line 1 (Chinese: 南海有轨电车1号线) or Nanhai New Transit (Chinese: 南海新交通) is a light metro line in Nanhai District, Foshan. The line uses light rail vehicles but has a completely grade-separated right-of-way and large, metro-style stations with platform screen doors when underground. Construction started in January 2014. The section from Leigang to Sanshan­xinchengbei opened on 18 August 2021, and the section from Sanshan­xinchengbei to Linyuedong opened on 29 November 2022.
1970–71 Aston Villa F.C. season
The 1970–71 English football season was Aston Villa's 72nd season in the Football League. Under manager Vic Crowe, Villa's 4th place finish in the Third Division remains their lowest League postion in history. In contrast Villa's run in the League Cup would end at Wembley.

There were debut appearances for Geoff Vowden (97), Harry Gregory (24), Dave Gibson (19), and Geoff Crudgington (4).

Dave Gibson (Scottish footballer)
David Wedderburn Gibson (born 23 September 1938) is a Scottish former footballer, who played for Livingston United, Hibernian, Leicester City, Aston Villa, Exeter City and the Scotland national team.

Considered to be one of the finest and most skilful players in Leicester's history, he was the playmaker and creative force of the great Foxes side of the 1960s under Matt Gillies, including the "Ice Kings" side that fell just short of winning the 'double' in 1962–63. He scored in both legs of Leicester's 1964 League Cup final victory and also played in a further three cup finals for the club.

Gibson earned seven caps and scored three times for Scotland, including a goal against Spain at the Santiago Bernabéu 12 months before Spain became European Champions.
Jonathan Carapetis
Jonathan Carapetis (born 1961) is an Australian paediatric physician with particular expertise in infectious disease and Indigenous child health. He is a Winthrop Professor at the University of Western Australia, an infectious diseases consultant at Princess Margaret Hospital for Children, and an Honorary Distinguished Research Fellow of the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medical Research. Carapetis is the Director of the Telethon Kids Institute in Perth, Western Australia.

He is a medical practitioner, specialist paediatric physician, infectious diseases physician, and a public health physician.

Charles Darwin University
Charles Darwin University (CDU) is an Australian public university with two campuses in Darwin and six satellite campuses in metropolitan and regional areas of the Northern Territory. It was established in 2003 after the merger of Northern Territory University, the Menzies School of Health Research, and Centralian College.

It is the largest tertiary education provider in the Northern Territory and offers both academic degree and vocational education programs. It has close ties to First Nations learning and research, is a member of the Northern Australia Universities Alliance, and specialises in tropical savanna environments.
2002 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships – Singles
The 2002 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships – Singles was an event of the 2002 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Westside Tennis Club in Houston, Texas in the United States and was part of the International Series of the 2002 ATP Tour. The tournament was held from April 22 through  April 28, 2006. The singles draw comprised 32 players and eight of them were seeded. Third-seeded Andy Roddick was the defending champion and won in the final 7–6(11–9), 6–3 against fourth-seeded Pete Sampras.

2002 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships
The 2002 U.S. Men's Clay Court Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Westside Tennis Club in Houston, Texas in the United States and was part of the International Series of the 2002 ATP Tour. It was the 24th edition of the tournament and ran from April 22 through April 28, 2002. Third-seeded Andy Roddick won his second consecutive singles title at the event.
Nakadera temple ruins
The Nakadera temple ruins (中寺廃寺跡, Nakadera haiji ato) is an archaeological site with the ruins of a Heian period Buddhist temple located in the town of  Mannō, Kagawa Prefecture, on the island of Shikoku, Japan. The site was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 2008.

Mannō, Kagawa
Mannō (まんのう町, Mannō-chō) is a town located in Nakatado District, Kagawa Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 October 2022, the town had an estimated population of 17,711 in 7477 households and a population density of 960 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 194.45 square kilometres (75.08 sq mi).
2015 Radio Disney Music Awards
The 2015 Radio Disney Music Awards were held and filmed on April 25, 2015, at the Microsoft Theater in Los Angeles, California. The show premiered on Sunday, April 26, 2015 at 8/7c on Radio Disney and Disney Channel. For the first time, the broadcast nominees for the awards show were announced in a televised special, Disney Channel Presents the 2015 RDMA Nomination Special, on 27 February 2015 on Disney Channel. All categories and nominees were highlighted on the Radio Disney’s 2015 RDMA Nomination Special, a two-hour on-air programming feature that was aired the next day.

The main show included  Fifth Harmony, Nick Jonas, Becky G, R5, Natalie La Rose, Sheppard, Rachel Platten, Tori Kelly, Shawn Mendes and Sabrina Carpenter. The opening act was performed by The Fooo Conspiracy, Jessica Sanchez, Jacquie Lee, Sweet Suspense and Alex Angelo

Radio Disney Music Awards
The Radio Disney Music Awards (also known as the ARDYs or RDMA) were an annual awards show operated by the American children's radio network Radio Disney. Beginning in 2001, the show was originally broadcast on Radio Disney only until 2007, when the awards show went on hiatus before returning in 2013. In 2014, it began to be televised on Disney Channel.

In 2019, the awards ceremony was renamed the "ARDYs". No awards ceremony was held in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic, although a pre-recorded "ARDYs Summer Playlist" special aired that year. After Disney announced in December 2020 that Radio Disney would be shut down in the first quarter of 2021, with the network officially shutting down on April 14, 2021, the awards ceremony was quietly discontinued.
Wakatipu Rugby Club
Wakatipu Rugby Club is a rugby union club in Queenstown, New Zealand. The club was established in 1953 and is a member of the Otago Rugby Football Union

In 2022, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, New Zealand teams during the 2022 Super Rugby Pacific season went into bio-bubbles in Queenstown, New Zealand for the opening three rounds of the season. This meant eight matches were relocated to the Otago and Southland area, originally to Rugby Park in Invercargill and Queenstown, before night matches were confirmed for Forsyth Barr Stadium, Dunedin instead. As the only rugby union stadium in Queenstown, Wakatipu Rugby Club was scheduled to host three matches overthe opening three rounds, making the 2022 season the first time that Queenstown hosted an official Super Rugby match.

Forsyth Barr Stadium
Forsyth Barr Stadium is a multi-purpose stadium in Dunedin, New Zealand. At various stages of development it was also known as Dunedin Stadium or Awatea Street Stadium, or its non-commercial official name during the 2011 Rugby World Cup and 2015 FIFA U-20 World Cup, Otago Stadium. The fully covered stadium is also known colloquially as 'The Glasshouse' due to its resemblance to a horticultural hothouse.

The stadium was opened by New Zealand Prime Minister John Key on 5 August 2011, replacing Carisbrook as the home stadium of the Highlanders team in Super Rugby and the Otago Rugby Football Union team in the domestic Mitre 10 Cup. The stadium hosted four matches of the 2011 Rugby World Cup, and has hosted major music tours, starting in November 2011 with Elton John. The venue hosted multiple matches for the 2023 FIFA Women's World Cup.
Nonadecylic acid
Nonadecylic acid, or nonadecanoic acid, is a 19-carbon saturated fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3(CH2)17COOH. It forms salts called nonadecylates. Nonadecylic acid can be found in fats and vegetable oils, although it is rare.

It is also present in the world of insects as the major constituent of the substance secreted by soldiers of the termite Rhinotermes marginalis for defence purposes.

Nonadecanoic acid has found applications in the field of metal lubrication.

The compound can be prepared by permanganate oxidation of 1-eicosene.

Fatty acid
In chemistry, particularly in biochemistry, a fatty acid is a carboxylic acid with an aliphatic chain, which is either saturated or unsaturated. Most naturally occurring fatty acids have an unbranched chain of an even number of carbon atoms, from 4 to 28. Fatty acids are a major component of the lipids (up to 70% by weight) in some species such as microalgae but in some other organisms are not found in their standalone form, but instead exist as three main classes of esters: triglycerides, phospholipids, and cholesteryl esters. In any of these forms, fatty acids are both important dietary sources of fuel for animals and important structural components for cells.
Dietz Computer Systems
Dietz Computer Systems was a German minicomputer manufacturer with its main office in Mülheim an der Ruhr, Germany.

The systems were used for industrial and business data processing, as well as for technical and scientific purposes. The popular computer-aided design software, Technovision, ran on the systems produced by Dietz, this being the result of Dietz's earlier acquisition of CAD expertise from a Switzerland-based company.

After attempts to run the software on Dietz 600 systems, Technovision was first deployed on the Perkin-Elmer 3200 series, successor models to the Interdata 7/32 and 8/32, and employed Tektronix vector graphics terminals. The T2000 was a two-dimensional CAD system, whereas the T3000 was a two- and three-dimensional CAD product.: 36  After the acquisition of Dietz by Norsk Data, the products were migrated to run on the ND-500 series, also employing "vector refresh" (or refresh tube) displays, but adding support for colour raster displays.

Norsk Data
Norsk Data was a minicomputer manufacturer located in Oslo, Norway. Existing from 1967 to 1998, it had its most active period from the early 1970s to the late 1980s. At the company's peak in 1987, it was the second largest company in Norway and employed over 4,500 people.

Throughout its history Norsk Data produced a long string of extremely innovative systems, with a disproportionately large number of world firsts. Some examples of this are the NORD-1, the first minicomputer to have memory paging as a standard option, and the first machine to have floating-point instructions standard, the NORD-5, the world's first 32-bit minicomputer (beating the VAX, often claimed the first, by 6 years).
Manu Tuilagi
Etuale Manusamoa Tuilagi (born 18 May 1991) is a professional rugby union player who plays as a centre for Top 14 club Bayonne. Born in Samoa, he represented England at international level after qualifying on residency grounds.

2013 British & Irish Lions tour to Australia
The 2013 British & Irish Lions tour to Australia was a rugby union tour during June and July 2013. The British & Irish Lions played ten matches - a three-test series against Australia, and matches against the five Australian Super Rugby sides, a Combined New South Wales–Queensland Country team, and a match en route to Australia against the Barbarians.

The Lions won the test series 2–1. The first test was won by the Lions 23–21, the second by Australia 16–15, and the final test by the Lions 41–16. The victory was the Lions' first test series win since defeating South Africa in 1997. Aside from the second test, the Lions' only loss was 14–12 to the Brumbies in Canberra.

Wales head coach Warren Gatland was the Lions' head coach, and their tour captain was Sam Warburton.
Wind and Water: Puzzle Battles
Wind and Water: Puzzle Battles (or W&W) (simplified Chinese: 时空五行-风水大战; traditional Chinese: 時空五行-風水大戰; pinyin: Shíkōng Wǔxíng – Fēngshuǐ Dàzhàn, lit. "Wu Xing Space-Time – Great Feng Shui War") is a 2007 puzzle video game developed by Yuan Works, a company based in Korea, for the GP2X and Sega Dreamcast that combines strategy and action. As of January 2011, the game is freely available for Windows.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Bhongir Assembly constituency
Bhongir Assembly constituency is a constituency of the Telangana Legislative Assembly, India. It is one among 12 constituencies in the Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district. It is part of Bhongir Lok Sabha constituency.

Pailla Shekar Reddy of Telangana Rashtra Samithi won the seat for the first time in 2014 Assembly election and for a second time in the 2018 Assembly election. Kumbam Anil Kumar Reddy of Indian National Congress won the seat in the 2023 Assembly election.

Yadadri Bhuvanagiri
Yadadri Bhuvanagiri district  is a district in the Indian state of Telangana. The administrative headquarters is located at Bhuvanagiri which is also known as Bhongiri. The district shares boundaries with Suryapet, Nalgonda, Jangaon, Siddipet, Medchal-Malkajgiri and Rangareddy districts.
Xinghuacun Subdistrict, Hefei
Xinghuacun Subdistrict (Chinese: 杏花村街道; pinyin: Xìnghuācūn Jiēdào) is a subdistrict in Luyang District, Hefei, Anhui. As of 2020, it administers the following six residential communities:

Wuli Community (五里社区)

Lindian Community (林店社区)

Jindu Community (金都社区)

Lingbi Road Community (灵璧路社区)

Jiqiaoxincun Community (汲桥新村社区)

Songzhu Community (松竹社区)

Luyang, Hefei
Luyang District (simplified Chinese: 庐阳区; traditional Chinese: 廬陽區; pinyin: Lúyáng Qū) is one of four urban districts of the prefecture-level city of Hefei, the capital of Anhui Province, East China. It makes up the main part of the old city area of Hefei. It has a total area of 139.32 square kilometres (53.79 sq mi), and a population of 609,239 inhabitants.
Northwestern Syria clashes (December 2022 – November 2024)
Starting on 2 December 2022, a series of intensified clashes broke out of the frontlines of the 'Idlib de-escalation zone' located in the governorates of Idlib, Aleppo, Hama and Latakia. These confrontations initiated through inghimasi, infiltration and sniper attacks by Hayat Tahrir al-Sham (HTS) and allied militant groups against positions held by the pro-government Syrian Arab Army (SAA) positions. These attacks were called We Will Not Reconcile by HTS. In 2023, the first territorial offensive since 2020 was carried out by HTS in the area of Milaja.

According to the Syrian Observatory on Human Rights (SOHR), HTS aims to disrupt potential peace negotiations between Turkey and Syria, and is launching the campaign of attacks as a way of rejecting any deal made on the 'de-escalation zone' in Idlib. Consequently, 2023 was the deadliest year of the Syrian civil war since 2020, given the escalating intensity of the clashes.

Ftireh
Ftireh (Arabic: فطيرة)  is a Syrian village located in Kafr Nabl Nahiyah in Maarrat al-Nu'man District, Idlib.  According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Ftireh had a population of 2715 in the 2004 census.
De Ploeg
De Ploeg (Dutch pronunciation: [də ˈplux]; "The Plough" or "The Group") is an artist collective from the city of Groningen in the Netherlands. The collective was established in 1918 by a group of young artists. Their goal was to create new opportunities for exhibitions and to educate the general public about developments in art, architecture, and literature.
The name was suggested by one of the founding members Jan Altink, because he felt like a lot of ground still had to be broken for modern art in Groningen. Several art styles were prominent within "De Ploeg", including expressionism, constructivism and impressionism. This artist collective still exists, but its most important time lay in the 1920s.

Artist collective
An artist collective or art group or artist group is an initiative that is the result of a group of artists working together, usually under their own management, towards shared aims. The aims of an artist collective can include almost anything that is relevant to the needs of the artist; this can range from purchasing bulk materials, sharing equipment, space or materials, to following shared ideologies, aesthetic and political views or even living and working together as an extended family. Sharing of ownership, risk, benefits, and status is implied, as opposed to other, more common business structures with an explicit hierarchy of ownership such as an association or a company.

Many artist collectives had and still have a major and significant influence on the various epochs of art history. In a broader sense, literary groups and group formations of musicians can also be referred to as artist collectives or groups.
Suberic acid
Suberic acid, also octanedioic acid, is a dicarboxylic acid, with formula C8H14O4. It is a colorless crystalline solid used in drug syntheses and plastics manufacture. Its name is derived from the Latin word suber which means cork.

Dicarboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a dicarboxylic acid is an organic compound containing two carboxyl groups (−COOH). The general molecular formula for dicarboxylic acids can be written as HO2C−R−CO2H, where R can be aliphatic or aromatic. In general, dicarboxylic acids show similar chemical behavior and reactivity to monocarboxylic acids. Dicarboxylic acids are usually colorless solids.  A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are used in industry. Adipic acid, for example, is a precursor to certain kinds of nylon. A wide variety of dicarboxylic acids are found in nature. Aspartic acid and glutamic acid are two amino acids found in all life.  Succinic and fumaric acids are essential for metabolism. A large inventory of derivatives are known including many mono- and diesters, amides, etc.
Early Years of a Genius, 44–48
Early Years of a Genius, 44–48, also known as Earl Bud Powell, Vol. 1, is the first of eleven volumes of Bud Powell material released by Francis Paudras on his Mythic Sound label. It features a selection of Powell's early work from 1944 to 1948.

Eddie Vinson
Eddie "Cleanhead" Vinson (born Edward L. Vinson Jr.; December 18, 1917 – July 2, 1988) was an American jump blues, jazz, bebop and R&B alto saxophonist and blues shouter. He was nicknamed "Cleanhead" after an incident in which his hair was accidentally removed by lye contained in a hair-straightening product, necessitating shaving it off; enamoured of the look, Vinson maintained a shaved head thereafter. Music critic Robert Christgau has called Vinson "one of the cleanest, and nastiest, blues voices you'll ever hear."