hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
De Motu (Berkeley's essay)
De Motu: Sive, de Motus Principio & Natura, et de Causa Communicationis Motuum (On Motion: or The Principle and Nature of Motion and the Cause of the Communication of Motions), or simply De Motu, is an essay written by George Berkeley and published as a tract in London in 1721. The essay was unsuccessfully submitted for a prize that had been offered by the Royal Academy of Sciences at Paris.

Berkeley rejected Sir Isaac Newton's absolute space, time and motion. With this essay, Berkeley is considered to be the "precursor of Mach and Einstein" (Karl Popper).

Space
Space is a three-dimensional continuum containing positions and directions. In classical physics, physical space is often conceived in three linear dimensions. Modern physicists usually consider it, with time, to be part of a boundless four-dimensional continuum known as spacetime. The concept of space is considered to be of fundamental importance to an understanding of the physical universe. However, disagreement continues between philosophers over whether it is itself an entity, a relationship between entities, or part of a conceptual framework.

In the 19th and 20th centuries mathematicians began to examine geometries that are non-Euclidean, in which space is conceived as curved, rather than flat, as in the Euclidean space. According to Albert Einstein's theory of general relativity, space around gravitational fields deviates from Euclidean space. Experimental tests of general relativity have confirmed that non-Euclidean geometries provide a better model for the shape of space.
Starve Acre
Starve Acre is a 2023 British folk horror film written and directed by Daniel Kokotajlo, based upon the 2019 novel of the same name by Andrew Michael Hurley. The film stars Matt Smith and Morfydd Clark.

Starve Acre had its world premiere at the BFI London Film Festival on 12 October 2023, and was released in the United Kingdom on 6 September 2024.

BFI London Film Festival
The BFI London Film Festival is an annual film festival held in London, England, in collaboration with the British Film Institute. Founded in 1957, the festival runs for two weeks every October.

In 2016, the BFI estimated that around 240 feature films and 150 short films from more than 70 countries are screened at the festival each year.
West Virginia Route 74
West Virginia Route 74 is a north–south state highway in northwest West Virginia, United States. The southern terminus of the route is at West Virginia Route 47 in Coxs Mills. The northern terminus is at West Virginia Route 18 at Josephs Mills.

West Virginia Route 47
West Virginia Route 47 is an east–west state highway in northern West Virginia. The western terminus of the route is at WV 618 (former US 50) in Parkersburg. The eastern terminus is at U.S. Route 33 and U.S. Route 119 in Linn.
Jonathan Motzfeldt
Jonathan Jakob Jørgen Otto Motzfeldt (25 September 1938 – 28 October 2010) was a Greenlandic priest and politician. He is considered one of the leading figures in the establishment of Greenland Home Rule. Jonathan Motzfeldt was the first prime minister of Greenland. He was Greenland's prime minister from 1979 until 1991 and 1997 until 2002. He is Greenland's longest-serving prime minister and won the most elections of any Greenlandic prime minister. He is considered a centre-left politician and Greenland became a recognized country during his tenure.

Lars-Emil Johansen
Lars-Emil Johansen (born 24 September 1946) is a Greenlandic politician who served as the second prime minister of Greenland from 1991 to 1997, and Speaker of the Inatsisartut from 2013 to 2018.

Johansen was chairman of the political party Siumut (Forward) between 1987 and 1997, seated in the Landsting from its creation in 1979. Prior to the creation of the Landsting, he represented Greenland in the Parliament of Denmark from 1973, a position he regained in 2001 and held until 2011. He was also President of the West Nordic Council from 2015 to 2016.
Wu Chun Ming
Robbie Wu Chun Ming (Chinese: 胡晉銘; born 21 November 1997) is a Hong Kong professional footballer who currently plays as a defensive midfielder for Hong Kong Premier League club Lee Man and the Hong Kong national team.

Hong Kong Premier League
The Hong Kong Premier League (Chinese: 香港超級聯賽) is a Hong Kong professional football league organised by the Football Association of Hong Kong. It is currently sponsored by the BOC Life and officially known as the BOC Life Hong Kong Premier League (Chinese: 中銀人壽香港超級聯賽). The inaugural season began in September 2014. It is the top-division football league in Hong Kong.
Taxi, Mister
Taxi, Mister is a 1943 American comedy film directed by Kurt Neumann and written by Earle Snell and Clarence Marks. The film stars William Bendix, Grace Bradley, Joe Sawyer, Sheldon Leonard, Joe Devlin, Jack Norton, Frank Faylen, Mike Mazurki, Sig Arno, Clyde Fillmore, Jimmy Conlin, Lew Kelly and Iris Adrian. The film was released on April 16, 1943, by United Artists.

This was the third and last of the so-called Taxi Comedies series, which featured Bendix, Sawyer, and Bradley playing the same characters. The first two films were Brooklyn Orchid and The McGuerins from Brooklyn.

Mike Mazurki
Mike Mazurki (December 25, 1907 – December 9, 1990, born Markiian Yulianovych Mazurkevych) was a Ukrainian-American actor and professional wrestler who appeared in more than 142 films. Although educated as an attorney, his hulking 6 ft 5 in (196 cm) presence, craggy face, and croaking voice had him often typecast as brainless athletes, tough guys, thugs, and gangsters. Memorable roles included Moose Malloy in Murder, My Sweet (1944), Splitface in Dick Tracy (1945), Yusuf in Sinbad the Sailor (1947), and "The Strangler" in Night and the City (1950). He was the founder and first president of the Cauliflower Alley Club.
Seneca Valley School District
The Seneca Valley School District is a public school district in Butler County, Pennsylvania. It is centered on Jackson Township and nearby Cranberry Township, a quickly growing municipality. It encompasses approximately 95 square miles (250 km2) and also includes the boroughs of Harmony, Evans City, Callery, Zelienople and Seven Fields, as well as the townships of Forward and Lancaster.

Zelienople, Pennsylvania
Zelienople (/ˌziːliːəˈnoʊpəl/) is a borough in western Butler County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 3,912 at the 2020 census. Located 28 miles (45 km) north of Pittsburgh, it is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.
My Sixteen Sons
My Sixteen Sons (German: Meine 16 Söhne) is a 1956 West German musical drama film directed by Hans Domnick and starring Lil Dagover, Karl Ludwig Diehl and Else Reval. The film's sets were designed by the art director Gabriel Pellon.

Lil Dagover
Lil Dagover (German: [lil ˈdaː.ɡo.vɐ] ⓘ; born Marie Antonia Siegelinde Martha Seubert; 30 September 1887 – 23 January 1980) was a German actress whose film career spanned from 1913 to 1979. She was a popular film actress in the Weimar Republic.
Maria Domenica Brun Barbantini
Maria Domenica Brun Barbantini (17 January 1789 - 22 May 1868) was an Italian Roman Catholic professed religious and the founder of the Camillian Sisters Ministers of the Sick. Barbantini served the ill throughout her entire life and she dedicated her life to God following the premature deaths of her husband and son.

Barbantini's beatification was held in Saint Peter's Square in mid-1995.

St. Peter's Square
St. Peter's Square (Latin: Forum Sancti Petri, Italian: Piazza San Pietro [ˈpjattsa sam ˈpjɛːtro]) is a large plaza located directly in front of St. Peter's Basilica in Vatican City, the papal enclave in Rome, directly west of the neighborhood (rione) of Borgo. Both the square and the basilica are named after Saint Peter, an apostle of Jesus whom Catholics consider the first Pope.

At the centre of the square is the Vatican obelisk, an ancient Egyptian obelisk erected at the current site in 1586. Gian Lorenzo Bernini designed the square almost 100 years later, including the massive Tuscan colonnades, four columns deep, which embrace visitors in "the maternal arms of Mother Church". A granite fountain constructed by Bernini in 1675 matches another fountain designed by Carlo Maderno in 1613.
Ghost of Undecimber
Ghost of Undecimber, known in Japan as 13 Gatsu no Yūrei (Japanese: 13月のゆうれい, Hepburn: Jūsan Gatsu no Yūrei; "The Ghost of the Thirteenth Month"), is a Japanese manga series created by Suzume Takano. Shodensha serialized it in their josei manga magazine Feel Young from January 8, 2015, to December 8, 2016, and released it across two collected tankōbon volumes in 2016–2017.

The story follows a love triangle involving Neri, a woman who dislikes being feminine; Kiri, a cross-dressing man; and Suō, an otherwise heterosexual man who finds Kiri attractive. The series was critically well received for its themes of questioning gender roles, and was selected as one of the recommended works at the Japan Media Arts Festival in 2018.

Shodensha
Shodensha (Japanese: 株式会社祥伝社, Hepburn: Kabushiki kaisha Shōdensha) is a Japanese publisher of mostly non-fiction magazines and books, though it has recently begun publishing light novels and manga, including magazines which contain both. Shodensha publishes magazines such as Feel Young (a josei all-manga magazine), Zipper (a fashion magazine aimed at high school and college girls and women, known for including manga), and Nina's (a fashion and lifestyle magazine aimed at younger housewives).

Shodensha is a member of the keiretsu Hitotsubashi Group of publishing companies.
Opisthoteuthis bruuni
Opisthoteuthis bruuni is a species of finned cirrate octopus found along the western coast of the Americas from Chile to as far north as California. Their tissue is almost jelly-like, and they have short, round bodies. The octopus was named for Anton Bruun, a Danish ichthyologist.

The species was originally placed in the genus Grimpoteuthis; however, it was placed in Opisthoteuthis after some re-evaluation. The classification of cirrate octopuses is regularly revised as scientists learn more about these deep-sea octopuses. Recent genetic and molecular testing, for example, confirmed O. bruuni as a member of the family Opisthoteuthidae.

Grimpoteuthis
Grimpoteuthis is a genus of pelagic cirrate (finned) octopods known as the dumbo octopus. The name "dumbo" originates from their resemblance to the title character of Disney's 1941 film Dumbo, having two prominent ear-like fins which extend from the mantle above each eye. There are 17 species recognized in the genus.

The Dumbo octopus has a gelatinous body and uses fin propulsion for movement, which also helps it to conserve energy in its extreme deep-sea environment. These unique physical traits distinguish it from other octopuses, which primarily rely on jet propulsion.
Prey include crustaceans, bivalves, worms and copepods. The average life span of various Grimpoteuthis species is 3 to 5 years.
Brian Maloney
Brian Maloney is a Gaelic footballer who plays for St Vincents and the Mayo county team.

Maloney formerly played with Kilmaine GAA in his native County Mayo although he has since moved to Dublin's St Vincents club. He won a Mayo Minor Football Championship medal with Kilmaine and the Junior League in 1997. He was awarded young Mayo Player of the Year in 1995. He won his first Dublin Senior Football Championship medal with St Vincents in 2007 against St Brigid's at Parnell Park. He then went on to win the Leinster Senior Club Football Championship final against Tyrrellspass of Westmeath, and in 2008 won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship with St Vincents in a hard-fought game.

St Vincents GAA
St Vincents is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club based in Marino, on the northside of Dublin, Ireland. The club was founded in 1931. Although the club's grounds were in Raheny for a number of years, it moved to its home back into Marino in 1987. St Vincents merged with Marino Camogie Club in 1997 to form the St. Vincents Hurling, Football and Camogie Club. St Vincents have won the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship on three occasions, most recently in 2014. They are the most successful side in the Dublin Senior Football championship having won the title 29 times. The club has also won 17 Dublin Senior 1 camogie titles (6 as Marino).
Moxon's Master
"Moxon's Master" is a short story by American writer Ambrose Bierce, which speculates on the nature of life and intelligence. It describes a chess-playing automaton that murders its creator. First published in The San Francisco Examiner on  April 16, 1899, it is one of the first descriptions of a robot in English-language literature, though written well before the word 'robot' came to be used. The story was included in the 1910 edition of the short story anthology Can Such Things Be?.

Automaton
An automaton (/ɔːˈtɒmətən/ ⓘ; pl.: automata or automatons) is a relatively self-operating machine or control mechanism designed to automatically follow a sequence of operations or respond to predetermined instructions. Some automata, such as bellstrikers in mechanical clocks, are designed to give the illusion to the casual observer that they are operating under their own power or will, like a mechanical robot. The term has long been commonly associated with automated puppets that resemble moving humans or animals, built to impress and/or to entertain people.

Animatronics are a modern type of automata with electronics, often used for the portrayal of characters or creatures in films and in theme park attractions.
SCAT (automobile)
The SCAT (Società Ceirano Automobili Torino) was an Italian automobile manufacturer from Turin, founded in 1906 by Giovanni Battista Ceirano.

The company was active from 1906 to 1932 and achieved Targa Florio wins in 1911, 1912 and 1914. The first produced models were the 12 HP, the 16 HP and the 22 HP of 1909.

Targa Florio
The Targa Florio was a public road endurance automobile race held in the mountains of Sicily near the island's capital of Palermo. Founded in 1906, it was the oldest sports car racing event, part of the World Sportscar Championship between 1955 and 1973. While the first races consisted of a whole tour of the island, the track length in the race's last decades was limited to the 72 km (45 mi) of the Circuito Piccolo delle Madonie, which was lapped 11 times.

After 1973, it was a national sports car event until it was discontinued in 1977 due to safety concerns. It has since been run as Targa Florio Rally, a rallying event, and is part of the Italian Rally Championship.
Karl Hess (scientist)
Karl Hess (born 20 June 1945 in Trumau, Austria) is the Swanlund Professor Emeritus in the Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign (UIUC).
He helped to establish the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology at UIUC.: 7, 38

Hess is concerned with solid-state physics and the fundamentals of quantum mechanics.  He is recognized as an expert in electron transport, semiconductor physics, supercomputing, and nanostructures. 
A leader in  simulating the nature and movement of electrons with computer models,
Hess is considered a founder of computational electronics.

Hess has been elected to many scientific associations, including both the National Academy of Engineering (2001) and the National Academy of Sciences (2003). He has served on the  National Science Board (NSB).

National Science Board
The  National Science Board (NSB) of the United States establishes the policies of the National Science Foundation (NSF) within the framework of applicable national policies set forth by the president and Congress.  The NSB also serves as an independent policy advisory body to the president and Congress on science and engineering research and education issues.  The Board has a statutory obligation to "...render to the President and to the Congress reports on specific, individual policy matters related to science and engineering and education in science and engineering, as Congress or the President determines the need for such reports," (e.g., Science and Engineering Indicators; Report to Congress on Mid-scale Instrumentation at the National Science Foundation).  All board members are presidential appointees.  NSF's director serves as an ex officio 25th member and is appointed by the president and confirmed by the U.S. Senate.
Roberto Tamburini
Roberto Tamburini (born 15 January 1991 in Rimini) is an Italian motorcycle racer. For 2022 he was a late addition to the 2022 Superbike World Championship, entered as riding for a one-bike Motoxracing Yamaha team.

Tamburini has competed in the European Superstock 1000 Championship and the CIV Superbike Championship aboard a BMW S1000RR. He has previously competed in the 125cc class of the Grand Prix Motorcycle World Championship. In 2010 he raced full-time in the Supersport class of the Italian national championship (CIV), winning the title by 4 points. He also took part in some World Supersport races, the Coppa Italia Yamaha R6 Cup, the Italian Superstock 600 Championship and the Supersport World Championship.

Supersport World Championship
The Supersport World Championship, abbreviated to WorldSSP, is a motorcycle racing competition on hard-surfaced circuits, based on mid-sized sports motorcycles. Competition machines were originally based on production-based motorcycles with 600 cc to 955 cc engines, depending on the number of cylinders. After trials in UK national series British Supersport, from 2022 the regulations have changed to allow eligibility of larger-displacement engines, to reflect the engine sizes being produced and encourage different manufacturers.

The championship runs as a support class to the Superbike World Championship, which is similarly based on large production-based sports motorcycles. The championship, organized and promoted as its parent series by FGSport—renamed Infront Motor Sports in 2008—until 2012 and by Dorna from the 2013 season onwards, is sanctioned by the FIM.
Anji Salvacion
Angie Kristine Allen Salvacion Gorbulev  (born September 24, 2002) better known as Anji Salvacion (Tagalog: [ˈandʒi sɐlbɐˈʃon]), is a Filipino singer, actress and television personality best known for winning the tenth season of Pinoy Big Brother.

Anji Salvacion competed on Idol Philippines in 2019, progressing through the Theatre Rounds. She starred in Unloving U (2021) and Linlang (2023), and sang songs for the soundtracks of Unloving U, Marry Me, Marry You (2021) and My Sunset Girl (2021). Her first extended play (EP) entitled Kasingkasing Dalampasigan was released on April 29, 2022, reaching number 1 on iTunes PH hours after its release.

Marry Me, Marry You
Marry Me, Marry You is a Philippine television drama romantic comedy series broadcast by Kapamilya Channel. Directed by Dwein Baltazar and Jojo Saguin, it stars Paulo Avelino and Janine Gutierrez. It premiered on the network's Primetime Bida line up on September 13, 2021. The series concluded on January 21, 2022, with a total of 2 seasons and 95 episodes.
World Polonia Games
The World Polonia Games (Polish: Światowe Igrzyska Polonijne) are a multi-sport event held annually for the Polish diaspora (Polonia) and Polish minorities living outside of Poland. Held annually and alternating between summer and winter games each year, the games bring together hundreds of participants from various countries worldwide.

The first World Polonia Games were held in 1934 in Warsaw, with 381 athletes from 13 countries. Following a four decade break, the games were revived in 1974 in Kraków and have been held more regularly since. Seventeen different host cities throughout Poland have hosted an installation of the event. Today, the games are organized by the Association "Polish Community" and are covered by TVP Polonia.

The XXI Summer World Polonia Games, its most recent installation, were held in August 2023 in Nysa and Wrocław. The most recent winter games, the XVI Winter World Polonia Games, were held in December 2024 in Wisła and Szczyrk, Silesian Voivodeship.

TVP Polonia
TVP Polonia, formerly known as TV Polonia, is an international channel of the Polish public service broadcaster Telewizja Polska (TVP) aimed at the Polish diaspora. The channel is co-funded by TVP and the Polish Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and broadcasts from the TVP headquarters in Warsaw.

It's one of two international channels of TVP alongside TVP World and broadcasts many of the shows also aired by the broadcaster's domestic channels, in addition to news from Polish communities around the world.

It was launched in October 1992 (trial) and regularly in March 1993. On 1 September 2020 HD version was launched (replacing SD version on Hot Bird 13).

From 1 December 2025 this channel is a part of TVP structure "Ośrodek Mediów dla Zagranicy". In 2026, due to financial constraints, it is planned to close programs about life of Polish diaspora in favor of the program "Polonia 24. Tygodnik" with extended timing.
Funk metal
Funk metal (also known as thrash-funk) a subgenre of funk rock and alternative metal that infuses heavy metal music (often thrash metal) with elements of funk and punk rock. Funk metal was part of the alternative metal movement, and has been described as a "brief but extremely media-hyped stylistic fad".

The funk metal scene formed in California during the mid-1980s with a group of bands who were initially playing a mix of funk, hard rock, hip hop and punk; the genre quickly evolved to include elements of thrash metal.

Crossover thrash
Crossover thrash (often abbreviated to crossover) is a fusion genre of thrash metal and hardcore punk. The genre emerged in the mid-1980s, when hardcore punk bands, such as Suicidal Tendencies, Cryptic Slaughter, Corrosion of Conformity and Dirty Rotten Imbeciles, began to incorporate the influence of thrash metal. At this time, the genre was particularly prominent in the New York hardcore scene, where groups including Agnostic Front, Leeway, Cro-Mags and Stormtroopers of Death were widely influential.

The genre largely declined in popularity by the 1990s; however, its influence developed the prominent metalcore genre. Since the 2000s, crossover thrash has experienced a number of underground revivals, which have produced notable acts including Municipal Waste, Trash Talk, Power Trip, and Drain.
Gonzales (horse)
Gonzales (27 January 1977 – after 1996) was an American-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. Unraced as a two-year-old he established himself as a high-class stayer in the following year winning the Gallinule Stakes, Blandford Stakes, and Irish St Leger as well as starting favourite for the Prix du Jockey Club. He was then sent to the United States where he was campaigned for two years to little effect. He made little impact as a breeding stallion.

Prix du Jockey Club
The Prix du Jockey Club, sometimes referred to as the French Derby, is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Chantilly over a distance of 2,100 metres (about 1 mile and 2½ furlongs) each year in early June.