hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philadelphia Daily News
Philadelphia Daily News is a tabloid newspaper that serves Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. The newspaper is owned by The Philadelphia Inquirer, LLC, and is published as an edition of The Philadelphia Inquirer.

The Daily News began publishing on March 31, 1925, under founding editor Lee Ellmaker. By 1930, the newspaper's circulation exceeded 200,000, but by the 1950s the news paper was losing money. In 1954, the newspaper was sold to Matthew McCloskey and then sold again in 1957 to publisher Walter Annenberg.

In 1969, Annenberg sold the Daily News to Knight Ridder. In 2006 Knight Ridder sold the paper to a group of local investors, and it later became part of Philadelphia Media Network (PMN) with The Inquirer. PMN was donated to The Philadelphia Foundation in 2016, and the Daily News became an edition of The Inquirer in 2019. The Daily News has won three Pulitzer Prizes.

Print circulation
Print circulation is the average number of copies of a publication. The number of copies of a non-periodical publication (such as a book) are usually called print run. Circulation is not always the same as copies sold, often called paid circulation, since some issues are distributed without cost to the reader. Readership figures are usually higher than circulation figures because of the assumption that a typical copy is read by more than one person.
Daukainiai
Daukainiai (formerly Russian: Даукайняй) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 40 people. It is located 1 kilometre (0.62 mi) from Aristava, on the shore of the Bubliai Reservoir.

Aristava
Aristava (formerly Lukšiakaimis, Russian: Орвистово, Лукшакаймис, Polish: Orwistów) is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the village had a population of 489 people. It is located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) from Kėdainiai, next to the Bubliai Reservoir on the Obelis river, by the Malčius and the Malčius 2nd rivulets. There is a big road junction: the A8 highway, the road to Cinkiškiai via Kėdainiai (KK229), the road to Ukmergė (KK145). The village has a library, a former school, and a stock farm.
Elgin Avenue Breakdown
Elgin Avenue Breakdown is a compilation album by The 101ers, Joe Strummer's band before he joined The Clash. It was released on Andalucía Records (distributed by Virgin) in 1981 because of The Clash's popularity but mooted at the time that it was a semi-unofficial release due to Joe Strummer's contractual obligations with CBS. The first 500 copies came with a free poster. Just a few thousand copies were sold. The re-issue by EMI in 2005 has an accompanying booklet with an overview by Allan Jones and detailed notes on each track by Richard Dudanski.

Richard Dudanski
Richard "Snakehips" Dudanski, also known as Richard Nother, is an English drummer who was a member of a number of seminal British proto-punk, punk and post-punk bands, including The 101ers, The Raincoats, Public Image Ltd., Tymon Dogg and the Fools, and the Martin Hannett produced roots-rock dub outfit, Basement 5.   He was invited by fellow 101er Joe Strummer to become a member of an early incarnation of The Clash. Dudanski published his memoirs, Squat City Rocks: protopunk and beyond. a musical memoir from the margins, in 2014.
The Radicalz
The Radicalz (stylized as The R4dicalz), also known as The Revolution, were a professional wrestling stable in World Championship Wrestling (WCW) (as the Revolution) and the World Wrestling Federation (WWF, now WWE) (as the Radicalz) that debuted in July 1999. The group consisted primarily of Eddie Guerrero, Chris Benoit, Perry Saturn, and Dean Malenko.

The stable is notable for consisting of four well-known wrestlers who would jump ship during the Monday Night War. Within three months of joining the WWF, each member would hold a different championship at various points: Benoit with the WWF Intercontinental Championship, Guerrero with the WWF European Championship, Malenko with the WWF Light Heavyweight Championship, and Saturn with the WWF Hardcore Championship.

WWE Hardcore Championship
The WWE Hardcore Championship was a hardcore wrestling championship in the WWF (now WWE) which was contested under "hardcore" rules (no disqualifications, no countouts, and pinfalls count anywhere). In the latter part of the title's history, a rule was implemented allowing anyone to challenge the champion at any place or time, provided a referee was present (dubbed the "24/7 rule"). It is considered one of the most defining titles of the Attitude Era. It was established on November 2, 1998, with Mankind as the inaugural champion. On August 26, 2002, it was unified with the WWE Intercontinental Championship by Rob Van Dam, the final Hardcore Champion.
Dwaar
Dwaar (The Voyage out) is a 2013 Indian Assamese drama film directed by Bidyut Chakravarty, with his own screenplay, and produced by Sanjive Narain and Bidyut Chakravarty himself. It was adapted from the Assamese short story Bahiroloi Jowa Baat by Apurba Sarma. Dwaar stars Kapil Bora, Zerifa Wahid and Mahika Sharma in the lead roles. The literal translation of the title means Door.

The film won the Best Director, Best Music and Best Audiography award in the Assam State Film Awards for the period 2010–2012.

Mahika Sharma
Mahika Sharma is an Indian actress. She won a beauty pageant, becoming the Miss Teen Northeast. She has also appeared in Indian television serials.

Sharma has appeared in television show F.I.R. (TV series) and Bollywood movie Mr Joe B. Carvalho.
Croydon Aerodrome robbery
The Croydon Aerodrome robbery was the theft of £21,000 worth of gold bullion, gold sovereigns and American Eagles from London's Croydon Aerodrome (then in Surrey) on 6 March 1935. As was customary at the aerodrome, only one security guard was on duty; he held the keys to the strong room, and met each incoming cargo flight. A gang of men had acquired a duplicate set of keys, and were able to enter the strong room in the almost empty aerodrome and leave with the gold.

Three men were charged with the theft. One was convicted and sentenced to seven years in prison, while the other two were acquitted after a witness changed his testimony.  Not all the gang members were identified, and the gold was never found.

Gold bar
A gold bar is a common form for bulk storage and transport of gold bullion. Larger varieties of gold bars, produced by casting molten metal into molds, are called ingots. Smaller bars are often created through minting or stamping from rolled gold sheets. Central banks typically hold in their gold reserves the standard 400-troy-ounce (438.9-ounce; 27.4-pound; 12.4-kilogram) Good Delivery gold bar, which is widely traded among bullion dealers. Additionally, the kilobar, weighing 1,000 grams (32.15 troy ounces), and the 100-troy-ounce (109.7-ounce; 6.9-pound; 3.1-kilogram) gold bar are popular for trading and investment because of their more manageable size and weight. These bars carry a minimal premium over the spot price of gold, facilitating small transfers between banks and traders. While most kilobars have a flat appearance, a preference for brick-shaped bars exists among some investors, particularly in Europe.
Alan Morris (advertiser)
Alan "Mo" Morris (1942– 1 April 2007) was an Australian advertising creative executive, a copywriter who enjoyed particular success in the 1970s and 80s. Together with his long-time business partner Allan Johnston, he formed the Australian advertising agency Mojo which enjoyed much local and some international success in the 1980s and whose name survived till 2016 as Publicis Mojo, the Australian subsidiary of the French multinational advertising and communications company holding Publicis Groupe.

Advertising agency
An advertising agency, often referred to as a creative agency or an ad agency, is a business dedicated to creating, planning, and handling advertising and sometimes other forms of promotion and marketing for its clients. An ad agency is generally independent of the client; it may be an internal department or agency that provides an outside point of view to the effort of selling the client's products or services, or an outside firm. An agency can also handle overall marketing and branding strategies and promotions for its clients, which may include sales as well.

Typical ad agency clients include businesses and corporations, non-profit organizations and private agencies. Agencies may be hired to produce television advertisements, radio advertisements, online advertising, out-of-home advertising, mobile marketing, and AR advertising, as part of an advertising campaign.
Bob Kent
Bob Kent (born c. 1942) is an American former college sports coach and athletics administrator. He served as the head men's swimming and diving coach at Kalamazoo College in Kalamazoo, Michigan from 1968 to 2003. Kent was also the head football coach at Kalamazoo for one season, in 1984, and succeeded Rolla Anderson as the school's athletic director in 1985. In additional the head golf coach for nines season and an assistant baseball coach for eight seasons at the college. Kent attended Grand Haven High School in Grand Haven, Michigan. He earned bachelor's and master's degrees from Western Michigan University.

Rolla Anderson
Rolla Leonard Anderson (August 1, 1920 – April 25, 2018) was an American football and basketball coach and athletics administrator. He served as the head football at Kalamazoo College in Kalamazoo, Michigan for 14 seasons, from 1953 to 1966, compiling a record of 56–56–1. Anderson was also the head basketball coach at Kalamazoo for two seasons, from 1953 to 1955, tallying a mark of 12–25.
Pneumatology
Pneumatology refers to a particular discipline within Christian theology that focuses on the study of the Holy Spirit. The term is derived from the Greek word Pneuma (πνεῦμα), which designates "breath" or "spirit" and metaphorically describes a non-material being or influence. The English term pneumatology comes from two Greek words: πνεῦμα (pneuma, spirit) and λόγος (logos, teaching about). Pneumatology includes study of the person of the Holy Spirit, and the works of the Holy Spirit. This latter category also includes Christian teachings on new birth, spiritual gifts (charismata), Spirit-baptism, sanctification, the inspiration of prophets, and the indwelling of the Holy Trinity (which in itself covers many different aspects). Different Christian denominations have different theological approaches on various pneumatological questions.

Sanctification in Christianity
In Christianity, sanctification (or in its verb form, sanctify) literally means "to set apart for special use or purpose", that is, to make holy or sacred (compare Latin: sanctus). Therefore, sanctification refers to the state or process of being set apart, i.e. "made holy", as a vessel, full of the Holy Spirit. The term can be used to refer to objects which are set apart for special purposes, but the most common use within Christian theology is in reference to the change brought about by God in a believer, begun at the point of salvation and continuing throughout the life of the believer. When used in this sense, sanctification is known as growth in grace. Many forms of Christianity believe that this process will only be completed in Heaven, but some (particularly conservative Quaker and Methodist traditions, inclusive of the Holiness movement) believe that entire sanctification is possible in this life.
Crime and Punishment (2002 TV series)
Crime and Punishment is a two-part British television crime drama series based upon the 1866 novel of the same name by Fyodor Dostoevsky, which first broadcast on BBC2 on 12 February 2002. The novel was adapted for television by playwright Tony Marchant, and was directed by Julian Jarrold.

John Simm stars as Rodya Raskolnikov, a former student who plans the murder of a pawnbroker to alleviate his financial problems, but also as an existential exercise, feeling himself able to commit such acts without guilt, remorse or justification. The series was broadcast over two consecutive nights, airing in the 9:00-10:30pm slot. The series was released on DVD on 25 August 2008, via 2|Entertain.

Tony Marchant (playwright)
Tony Marchant (born 11 July 1959) is a British playwright and television dramatist. In  1982 he won the London Critics' Theatre Award for Most Promising Playwright for The Lucky Ones and Raspberry. In 1999 he won the British Academy Television Awards Dennis Potter Award for services to television. His television work includes the acclaimed Holding On (1997), Never Never, starring John Simm, and Take Me Home.
Annaea gens
The gens Annaea was a plebeian family at Rome during the first century BC, and the early centuries of the Empire. Members of this gens were distinguished for their love of literary pursuits.  Several members of the family fell victim to the various plots and intrigues of the court of Nero, including the conspiracy of Gaius Calpurnius Piso.

Lucan
Marcus Annaeus Lucanus (3 November AD 39 – 30 April AD 65), better known in English as Lucan (/ˈluːkən/), was a Roman poet, born in Corduba, Hispania Baetica (present-day Córdoba, Spain). He is regarded as one of the outstanding figures of the Imperial Latin period, known in particular for his epic Pharsalia. His youth and speed of composition set him apart from other poets.
Starohnativka
Starohnativka (Ukrainian: Старогнатівка; Urum: Ґӱрджи; Russian: Старогнатовка) is a village in Volnovakha Raion (district) in Donetsk Oblast of eastern Ukraine, 65.9 km south from the centre of Donetsk city.

Urum language
Urum (Урум, Ουρούμ) is a Turkic language spoken by several thousand Urums, an ethnic Greek population who inhabit a few villages in southeastern Ukraine. Over the past few generations, there has been a deviation from teaching children Urum to the more common languages of the region, leaving a fairly limited number of new speakers. The Urum language is often considered a variant of Crimean Tatar.
Alexander Hugh Chisholm
Alexander Hugh Chisholm OBE FRZS (28 March 1890 — 10 July 1977) also known as Alec Chisholm, was a noted Australian naturalist, journalist, newspaper editor, author and ornithologist.  He was a member of the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union (RAOU), President of the RAOU 1939–1940, and editor of its journal the Emu from 1926 to 1928.  In 1941 he was elected a Fellow of the RAOU in 1941 and the previous year he had been the first recipient of the Australian Natural History Medallion for his work in ornithology and popularising natural history. Chisholm was a prolific and popular writer of articles and books, mainly on birds and nature but also on history, literature and biography.

Emu (journal)
Emu, subtitled Austral Ornithology, is the peer-reviewed scientific journal of BirdLife Australia (formerly the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union). The journal was established in 1901 and is the oldest ornithological journal published in Australia. The current editor-in-chief is Kate Buchanan (Deakin University). The journal was published quarterly for the Royal Australasian Ornithologists Union in print and online by CSIRO Publishing until 2016. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2012 impact factor of 1.895, ranking it 4th out of 22 journals in the category "Ornithology".
Keith E. Sonderling
Keith E. Sonderling (born November 25, 1982) is an American lawyer and government official. He has served as the 38th United States Deputy Secretary of Labor, the acting director of the Institute of Museum and Library Services, and the Acting Under Secretary of United States Department of Commerce Minority Business Development Authority since 2025, during President Donald Trump's second term. From 2020 to 2024, he served as commissioner of the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission.  From 2017 to 2020, he served as the deputy and acting administrator of the Wage and Hour Division of the United States Department of Labor. Before government service, he was a shareholder at Gunster, Yoakley & Stewart in West Palm Beach, Florida.

Wage and Hour Division
The Wage and Hour Division (WHD) of the United States Department of Labor is the federal office responsible for enforcing federal labor laws. The Division was formed with the enactment of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938. The Wage and Hour mission is to promote and achieve compliance with labor standards to protect and enhance the welfare of the Nation's workforce. WHD protects over 144 million workers in more than 9.8 million establishments throughout the United States and its territories. The Wage and Hour Division enforces over 13 laws, most notably the Fair Labor Standards Act and the Family Medical Leave Act. In FY18, WHD recovered $304,000,000 in back wages for over 240,000 workers and followed up FY19, with a record-breaking $322,000,000 for over 300,000 workers.
Nimrod NRA/C2
The Nimrod NRA/C2 was the only Group C racing car ever built by Nimrod Racing Automobiles in partnership with Aston Martin. It ran initially in 1982 in the World Endurance Championship before also joining the IMSA GT Championship. The final NRA/C2 would be retired in 1984 after the planned NRA/C3 replacement had been cancelled, and the company went bankrupt.

World Sportscar Championship
The World Sportscar Championship was the world endurance racing series run for sports car racing, sanctioned by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA), from 1953 to 1992. The championship evolved from a small collection of the most important sportscar, endurance, and road racing events in Europe and North America with dozens of gentleman drivers at the grid to a professional racing series where the world's largest automakers spent millions of dollars per year.

The official name of the series frequently changed throughout the years but was generally known as the World Sportscar Championship from its inception in 1953. Alongside the Formula One World Championship, it was one of the two major World Championships in circuit motor racing. The championship was revived in the 2012 season under the new name as the FIA World Endurance Championship.
Hugo Cederschiöld
General Hugo Montgomery Cederschiöld (25 September 1878 – 17 March 1968) was a senior officer in the Swedish Army. He served as commander of Svea Life Guards (1936–1938); Commandant of Stockholm (1938–1945); Commander of Stockholm Defence District (1942–1945); Norrtälje Defence District (1943–1945) and Chief of His Majesty's Military Staff (1950–1963). Cederschiöld also competed at the 1912 Summer Olympics.

Defence District Commander
The Defence District Commander (Swedish: Försvarsområdesbefälhavare, Fobef) within the Swedish Armed Forces was a senior commanding officer who led forces in a geographical/military territorial district, or within a specific area of responsibility. The post was created in 1942 in connection with the Defence Act of 1942 and was terminated in 2000 through the Defence Act of 2000.
Zayyanid architecture
Zayyanid architecture originated in the Kingdom of Tlemcen between the 13th and 16th centuries in the northwestern region of present-day Algeria. It is a continuation of the western Islamic architectural traditions, often known as the "Hispano-Moresque style," with elements that were further developed to create distinctive designs lasting for centuries. This architectural style was significantly influenced by the Almohad Caliphate and Andalusian architecture, resulting in a lasting heritage of Moorish architectural achievements.

El Mechouar Palace
Mechouar Palace (Arabic: قصر المشور) or the Zianide Royal Palace is the former official residence of the Zayyanid dynasty in the city of Tlemcen, Algeria. The palace is situated in the middle of the city, and used to be part of the greater Mechouar Citadel (Arabic: قلعة المشور) of which the historic defensive walls are the only major element preserved. During the Zayyanid period, the palace consisted of multiple buildings and courtyard residences. One of these courtyard structures was completely rebuilt in 2010–2011 over its former ruins and is accessible today.: 138–144  The nearby mosque, Mechouar Mosque, no longer exist on its original form as well except for its minaret. It was one of the main sights during the selection of Tlemcen as the Capital of Islamic Culture in 2011.
Fancy (band)
Fancy were an early-mid-1970s pop group. The band was made up of session musicians produced by Mike Hurst. They had a surprise US hit single in 1974 with a version of the classic "Wild Thing", peaking at #14 on the Billboard Hot 100, #9 in Canada, and #31 in Australia. They also had a second US hit with "Touch Me", peaking at #19, #58 in Canada, and #97 in Australia. They were initially fronted by Penthouse Pet Helen Caunt and later Annie Kavanagh. Ray Fenwick, formerly of The Spencer Davis Group, joined Fancy in 1974. Fancy's song "Feel Good" from the album Wild Thing has been sampled over one hundred times, most notably by the Beastie Boys on the song "3-Minute Rule" off their album Paul's Boutique (1989). Les Binks, later of Judas Priest, played drums on Fancy's releases.

Paul's Boutique
Paul's Boutique is the second album by the American hip-hop group Beastie Boys, released on July 25, 1989, by Capitol Records. Produced by the Beastie Boys and the Dust Brothers, the album's composition makes extensive use of samples, drawn from a wide range of genres including funk, soul, rock and jazz. It was recorded over two years at Matt Dike's apartment and the Record Plant in Los Angeles.

Paul's Boutique did not match the sales of the group's 1986 debut Licensed to Ill, and was promoted minimally by Capitol. However, despite its initial commercial failure, it became recognized as the group's breakthrough achievement, with its innovative lyrical and sonic style earning the group a position as critical favorites within the hip-hop community. Sometimes described as the "Sgt. Pepper of hip-hop", Paul's Boutique has placed on several lists of the greatest albums of all time, and is viewed by many critics as a landmark album of golden age hip-hop and a seminal work in sampledelia.
Sam Gold
Sam Gold is an American theater director and actor. Having studied at Cornell University and Juilliard School he became known for directing both musicals and plays, on Broadway and Off-Broadway. He has received the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical, a Tony nomination for Best Direction of a Play, and nominations for four Drama Desk Awards.

He made his Broadway debut directing the Theresa Rebeck play Seminar (2011). He followed up directing the revival of the William Inge play Picnic (2013), the Will Eno play The Realistic Joneses (2014), and the Tom Stoppard play The Real Thing (2015). For the musical Fun Home (2015) he received the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical. He has since directed the revival of Tennessee Williams' The Glass Menagerie (2017), Lucas Hnath's A Doll's House, Part 2 (2017), and revivals of William Shakespeare's King Lear (2019), and Macbeth (2022).

The Real Thing (play)
The Real Thing is a play by Tom Stoppard that was first performed in 1982. The play focuses on the relationship between Henry and Annie, an actress and member of a group fighting to free Brodie, a Scottish soldier imprisoned for burning a memorial wreath during a protest.

The Real Thing examines the nature of honesty and uses various constructs, including a play within a play, to explore the theme of reality versus appearance. It has been described as one of Stoppard's "most popular, enduring and autobiographical plays."