hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Secondary consciousness
Secondary consciousness is an individual's accessibility to their history and plans. The ability allows its possessors to go beyond the limits of the remembered present of primary consciousness. Primary consciousness can be defined as simple awareness that includes perception and emotion. As such, it is ascribed to most animals. By contrast, secondary consciousness depends on and includes such features as self-reflective awareness, abstract thinking, volition and metacognition. The term was coined by Gerald Edelman.

Gerald Edelman
Gerald Maurice Edelman (/ˈɛdəlmən/; July 1, 1929 – May 17, 2014) was an American biologist who shared the 1972 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work with Rodney Robert Porter on the immune system.  Edelman's Nobel Prize-winning research concerned discovery of the structure of antibody molecules.  In interviews, he has said that the way the components of the immune system evolve over the life of the individual is analogous to the way the components of the brain evolve in a lifetime. There is a continuity in this way between his work on the immune system, for which he won the Nobel Prize, and his later work in neuroscience and in philosophy of mind.
Fabian Kyule Muli
Fabian Kyule Muli is a Kenyan politician and businessman currently serving as the member of Parliament for Kangundo Constituency since 2017. He is also the party leader of the Grand Dream Development Party. Before joining politics, Muli worked in the United States Army and later ventured into business.

Kangundo Constituency
Kangundo Constituency is an electoral constituency in Kenya. It is one of eight constituencies in Machakos County. The constituency has six wards, all electing councillors for the Kangundo town council.

The constituency was established for the 1969 elections.
Whitecross Street, Monmouth
Whitecross Street is a historic street in the town centre of Monmouth, Monmouthshire, Wales.  It was in existence by the 15th century, and appears as Whit crose on the 1610 map of the town by cartographer John Speed.  It runs in an east-west direction, between Church Street and St James Square. It has been suggested that the street takes its name from a plague cross. Whitecross Street is lined with numerous listed buildings.

Plague cross
The term plague cross can refer to either a mark placed on a building occupied by victims of plague; or a permanent structure erected, to enable plague sufferers to trade while minimising the risk of contagion. A wide variety of plague cross existed in Britain and elsewhere in Europe, until the plague largely disappeared by the eighteenth century. Additionally, the term "plague cross" can specifically refer to the "Plague Cross of Saint Zacharias of Jerusalem", a Western Christian sacramental invoking God's protection against diseases and plagues that often takes the form of a cross necklace or a wall cross.
Ms. Kim's Million Dollar Quest
Ms. Kim's Million Dollar Quest (Korean: 파란만장 미스 김 10억 만들기) is a South Korean television series directed by Lee Min-cheol, Jang Ki-hong, and Jin Seok-gyu, and starring Kim Hyun-joo, Ji Jin-hee, Kim Sung-ryung, and Park Gun-hyung. It aired on SBS every Wednesday and Thursday at 21:55 KST from April 7, 2004 to May 27, 2004.

Park Gun-hyung
Park Gun-hyung (Korean: 박건형; born November 1, 1977) is a South Korean actor. Park made his acting debut in musical theatre in 2001 and has since been active on both television and stage. He starred in the ballroom dancing film Innocent Steps (2005), the period drama The Kingdom of the Winds (2008), as well as played doctors in medical drama Syndrome, and romantic comedy I Do, I Do (2012).
Niamey railway station
Niamey (French: Gare de Niamey), or "Niamey Terminus", colloquially also known as Niamey Hippodrome, is the main railway station of the city of Niamey, the capital of Niger. It is the terminus of the Niamey-Dosso railway line. Located near the Niamey Racecourse (Hippodrome de Niamey), in Niamey IV borough, it is the first station opened in Niger and is part of AfricaRail project. A few kilometers further there is a second railway station in town, "Aeroport", near the airport.

Dosso, Niger
Dosso is a city in the south-west corner of Niger, lying approximately 130–140 kilometres (81–87 mi) south-east of the capital Niamey at the junction of the main routes to Zinder and Benin. The eighth-most populous town in Niger and the largest in Dosso Region, it had an official population during the 2001 census of 43,561. The population grew to 58,671 in the 2012 census. It is the capital of its region - which covers five departments in the southwestern corner of the nation - as well as of its own department, Dosso Department. The city itself lies at the centre of its own Urban Commune.
Niklas Schmidt
Niklas Uwe Schmidt (born 1 March 1998) is a German professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for 2. Bundesliga club Darmstadt 98 on loan from French side Toulouse. At international level, he represented Germany's U16, U17, and U19 youth teams.

Germany national under-17 football team
Germany national under-17 football team, also known as Germany Under-17s or Germany U17(s), represents Germany in association football at an under-17 age level and is controlled by German Football Association, the governing body for football in Germany.
Belgacom Fund
The Belgacom Fund, is a Belgian fund created within the King Baudouin Foundation in 1999 for a period of three years, which promotes dialogue between citizens and local authorities. The fund provided financial support to either local authorities or those of Social Services in Wallonia, Flanders, and in Brussels (region) that improve the dialogue between the Belgian citizen and local authorities.

King Baudouin Foundation
The King Baudouin Foundation (KBF) (Dutch: Koning Boudewijnstichting, KBS; French: Fondation Roi-Baudouin) is a foundation based in Brussels (Belgium). It seeks to change society for the better and invests in inspiring projects and individuals.

The Foundation was set up in 1976, on the occasion of the 25th anniversary of King Baudouin's accession to the throne, and has been under the honorary Presidency of Queen Mathilde since 2015.

The Foundation supports projects in Belgium and at the European and international level. To support its international goal, the KBF set up a US public charity and an office in New York City. Since 1999, the KBFUS facilitates philanthropy in the US, Europe and Africa. In 2017, KBFCanada was launched.
Weaver Street Market
35°54′40″N 79°04′17″W﻿ / ﻿35.9111°N 79.0713°W﻿ / 35.9111; -79.0713

Weaver Street Market is a worker- and consumer-owned cooperative selling natural and organic food with a focus on local and fair trade products.  The original market is situated in the heart of Carrboro, North Carolina, in Carr Mill Mall and hosts many community events. It occupies a central location in the town of Carrboro and serves as a "community gathering place."

Besides the original Carrboro location, Weaver Street Market has expanded into three additional locations in Southern Village in Chapel Hill, historic downtown Hillsborough, North Carolina, and at The Dillon in Raleigh, North Carolina. Weaver Street Market previously operated a restaurant, Panzanella, featuring local food. In late December 2013, Panzanella officially ceased business operations.

Hillsborough, North Carolina
The town of Hillsborough is the county seat of Orange County, North Carolina, United States, and is located along the Eno River. The population was 9,660 as of the 2020 census.

Its name was unofficially shortened to "Hillsboro" during the 19th century. In the late 1960s, residents voted to change the name back to its original, historic spelling.
Earle Bruce
Earle Bruce (March 8, 1931 – April 20, 2018) was an American football player and coach. He served as the head football coach at the University of Tampa (1972), Iowa State University (1973–1978), Ohio State University (1979–1987), the University of Northern Iowa (1988), and Colorado State University (1989–1992), compiling a career college football record of 154–90–2. At Ohio State, Bruce succeeded the legendary Woody Hayes and won four Big Ten Conference titles. He was inducted into the College Football Hall of Fame as a coach in 2002. Bruce returned to coaching in 2001 to helm the Iowa Barnstormers of the Arena Football League for a season and also later guided the Columbus Destroyers.

University of Northern Iowa
The University of Northern Iowa (UNI) is a public university in Cedar Falls, Iowa, United States. UNI offers more than 90 majors across five colleges. The fall 2025 total enrollment was 9,204 students.

The university was initially founded in 1876 as the Iowa State Normal School with the purpose of training school teachers and educators. The University of Northern Iowa is one of three public universities in Iowa, all of which are governed by the Iowa Board of Regents.
AP Physics B
Advanced Placement (AP) Physics B was a physics course administered by the College Board as part of its Advanced Placement program. It was equivalent to a year-long introductory university course covering Newtonian mechanics, electromagnetism, fluid mechanics, thermal physics, waves, optics, and modern physics. The course was algebra-based and heavily computational; in 2015, it was replaced by the more concept-focused AP Physics 1 and AP Physics 2.

AP Physics 1
Advanced Placement (AP) Physics 1: Algebra Based (also known as AP Physics 1) is a year-long introductory physics course administered by the College Board as part of its Advanced Placement program. It is intended to proxy a one-semester algebra-based university course in mechanics. Along with AP Physics 2, the first AP Physics 1 exam was administered in 2015.
Martel Maxwell
Martel Maxwell (born 9 March 1977) is a Scottish television presenter and journalist. She has been one of the presenters of the property show Homes Under the Hammer since 2017.  She also writes a column for the Dundee-based newspaper Evening Telegraph.

Evening Telegraph (Dundee)
The Evening Telegraph is a local newspaper in Dundee, Scotland. Known locally as the Tele (usually pronounced Tully or Tilly), it is the sister paper of The Courier, also published by Dundee firm DC Thomson. It was founded in 1877. David Clegg serves as the editor of both the Evening Telegraph and The Courier in a joint role.
Mary Harfield
Mary Harfield (28 February 1879 - 1970) was a self-taught, Australian-British archaeologist, whose understanding of Cadbury Castle through field survey influenced the work and interpretations of the site by others, including Ralegh Radford.

Ralegh Radford
Courtenay Arthur Ralegh Radford (7 November 1900 – 27 December 1998) was an English archaeologist and historian who pioneered the exploration of the Dark Ages of Britain and popularised his findings in many official guides and surveys for the Office of Works. His scholarly work appeared in articles in the major British journals, such as Medieval Archaeology or the Proceedings of the British Academy and in the various Transactions of archaeological societies.
Omar Salah (footballer, born 2003)
Omar Salah Mohammad Al-Osad (Arabic: عمر صلاح محمد العصاد; born 18 April 2003), commonly known as Omar Salah (Arabic: عمر صلاح), is a Jordanian professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Qatar Stars League club Al-Wakrah.

Al-Wakrah SC
Al-Wakrah Sport Club (Arabic: نادي الوكرة الرياضي) is a Qatari multi-sports club based in the city of Al Wakrah. Their professional football team competes in the Qatar Stars League. They play their home games at the Al Janoub Stadium.
Trigger Point
Trigger Point is a 2021 Canadian action-thriller film directed by Brad Turner. It stars Barry Pepper, Eve Harlow, Carlo Rota, Laura Vandervoort, Jayne Eastwood, Nazneen Contractor, Greg Bryk, Rainbow Sun Francks, and Colm Feore. The plot follows a retired special operative who returns to the organization to help his former boss find his missing daughter. Trigger Point was theatrically released by Screen Media Films on April 16, 2021. The film was met with negative reviews from critics.

Nazneen Contractor
Nazneen Contractor (born August 26, 1982) is an Indian-Canadian actress known for her role as Layla Hourani on CBC's The Border, Zara Hallam on Ransom and as Kayla Hassan on 24 in 2010. She also guest-starred in the Letterkenny International Women’s Day special as Professor Tricia.
Stunna Girl
Suzanne Sade Brown (born July 2, 1998), known professionally as Stunna Girl, is an American rapper, songwriter, and reality television personality from Sacramento, California. She gained recognition in 2019 when her single "Runway" went viral on TikTok, one of the platform's early music-driven trends. She has released music through label partnerships and appeared on the Zeus Network reality series Baddies West.

Zeus Network
Zeus Network (colloquially Zeus) is an American subscription video on-demand over-the-top streaming service. It was founded by social media personalities DeStorm Power, Amanda Cerny, King Bach, and television producer Lemuel Plummer, who serves as president and CEO. The service features original scripted and unscripted influencer and celebrity driven programming.
Louvre Saint-Honoré
The Louvre Saint-Honoré building is a historic structure in Paris, occupying an entire urban block between the rue de Rivoli (across the Louvre Palace), the place du Palais-Royal, the rue Saint-Honoré, and the rue de Marengo, with a total floor surface of 47,000 square meters. It was originally erected in the early 1850s by the Pereire brothers who in 1855 opened an iconic hotel, the Grand Hôtel du Louvre, and an innovative street-level department store, branded from 1863 the Grands Magasins du Louvre. While the Grand Hôtel closed in 1887, the Grands Magasins expanded and kept operating in the building until 1974. From 1978 to 2016 they were succeeded by a specialized mall of antiques shops, the Louvre des Antiquaires, while the upper floors were repurposed as rented office space. Since 2020, the building's lower levels have been undergoing conversion to become the new flagship home of the Fondation Cartier pour l'Art Contemporain.

Rue de Rivoli
The Rue de Rivoli (French pronunciation: [ʁy də ʁivɔli]; English: "Rivoli Street") is a street in central Paris, France. It is a commercial street whose shops include leading fashionable brands. It bears the name of Napoleon's early victory against the Austrian army, at the Battle of Rivoli, fought on 14–15 January 1797. Developed by Napoleon through the heart of the city, it includes on one side the north wing of the Louvre Palace and the Tuileries Gardens.
Nanjing–Qidong railway
The Nanjing–Qidong railway (simplified Chinese: 南京–启东铁路; traditional Chinese: 南京–啟東鐵路; pinyin: Nánjīng–Qǐdōng tiělù), commonly referred to in short as the Ningqi railway (simplified Chinese: 宁启铁路; traditional Chinese: 寧啟鐵路; pinyin: Níngqǐ tiělù), is a higher-speed rail line in Jiangsu Province, China. Its common name is derived from Ning, the one-character abbreviation for Nanjing and Qi, which refers to Qidong, a county-level city of Nantong.

Until 2019, the railway only ran as far as east as Nantong East railway station. On January 5, 2019, the line was extended to Qidong and it is now 351 kilometres (218 mi) long. It runs along the northern bank of the Yangtze River, serving cities such as Yangzhou, Taizhou, and Hai'an. Passenger service was formerly operated between Nanjing railway station and Nantong railway station only. A frequent service is now operated on the whole route from Nanjing to Qidong.

Hai'an
Hai'an (Chinese: 海安; pinyin: Hǎi'ān; lit. 'sea peace') is a county-level city under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Nantong, in eastern Jiangsu province, China. Bordering Dongtai to the north, Rudong to the south-east, Rugao to the south, Taixing to the south-west, and Jiangyan to the west, the city is located on the south-western shores of the Yellow Sea.

Hai'an city includes 14 towns. They are Hǎi'ān (海安), Lǎobàgǎng (老坝港), Jiǎoxié (角斜), Lǐbǎo (李堡), Xīchǎng (西场), Dàgōng (大公镇), Chéngdōng (城东), Sūnzhuāng (孙庄), Yǎzhōu (雅周), Qūtáng (曲塘), Hújí (胡集), Nánmò (南莫), Báidiàn (白甸) and Dūntóu (墩头).
Sonja Škorić
Sonja Škorić (Serbian: Соња Шкорић; born 26 February 1996 in Pančevo, Serbia) is a singer-songwriter who won the Serbian national selection for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010.

On 26 September 2010 she won the Serbian national selection for the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010 in Minsk with the song "Čarobna noć".

Sonja has been singing since the age of five. In 2002 she won the Raspevano proleće contest; in between 2003 and 2005 she won the same contest in a streak. In April 2010 she was Serbia's entry at the San Remo junior contest in Italy.

Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010
The Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2010 was the eighth edition of the Junior Eurovision Song Contest, held on 20 November 2010 at the Minsk Arena in Minsk, Belarus, and presented by Denis Kourian and Leila Ismailava. It was organised by the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) and host broadcaster the Belarusian Television and Radio Company (BTRC). Broadcasters from fourteen countries participated in the contest.

The winner was Armenia with the song "Mama" by Vladimir Arzumanyan. This gave Armenia its first Junior Eurovision victory and its first victory in any Eurovision contest.
Aatmapamphlet
Aatmapamphlet (transl. Autobio-Pamphlet) is an Indian Marathi-language coming of age film directed by Ashish Avinash Bende in his debut. Screenplay is by Paresh Mokashi and cinematography is by Satyajit Shobha Sriram. The film is jointly produced by T-Series, Colour Yellow Productions and Zee Studios.

Atmapamplet was screened at the 73rd Berlin International Film Festival, where nominated to compete for the Generation 14plus Award. The film was theatrically released on 6 October 2023.

Ashish Bende received the Best Debut Film Director award at the 71st National Film Awards.

Paresh Mokashi
Paresh Mokashi (born 6 February 1969) is an Indian filmmaker, producer, actor and Theatre director-producer; working predominantly in Marathi cinema and Marathi theatre. He started working as a backstage worker for theatre and did few minor roles for plays as well as films. Mokashi made his directorial debut for theatre with the Marathi play, Sangeet Debuchya Mulee in 1999. He continued to work for theatre and made his directorial debut for cinema with the 2009 Marathi feature film, Harishchandrachi Factory. The film depicts the making of India's first full-length feature film, Raja Harishchandra (1913), made by Dadasaheb Phalke. The film was acclaimed critically and won several awards. It was also selected as India's official entry to 82nd Academy Awards in the Best Foreign Language Film category.
Greg DiCenzo
Greg DiCenzo is a professional baseball coach and former football, soccer, and baseball player at St. Lawrence University. He is currently manager of the Akron RubberDucks, the Double-A affiliate of the Cleveland Guardians of Major League Baseball (MLB). He was previously the head baseball coach at the College of the Holy Cross from 2008 to 2019.

St. Lawrence University
St. Lawrence University (SLU) is a private liberal arts college in Canton, New York, United States. It has roughly 2,100 undergraduate and 100 graduate students.

Though St. Lawrence today is nonsectarian, it was founded in 1856 by leaders of the Universalist Church, who were seeking to establish a seminary west of New England and were enthusiastically courted by the citizens of Canton. The church almost did not place the school in Canton, however, as they felt students might be exposed to too much "excitement" within the village limits in 1856. The denomination, which has since merged with the Unitarian faith, was part of the liberal wing of Protestantism, championing such ideas as critical thinking and sex equality — attributes that surfaced in the new Theological School of St. Lawrence University, which was progressive in its teaching philosophy and coeducational from the beginning.
Amor y Alegría
Amor y Alegria (English: Love and Joy) is the second studio album recorded by Nicaraguan salsa singer-songwriter Luis Enrique. The album was released by CBS Discos in 1988 (see 1988 in music). The album earned him international recognition as the album was produced during the salsa romantica era of the 1980s. Some of the songs are cuts from the previous album, Amor de Medianoche (1987).

Luis Enrique (singer)
Luis Enrique Mejía López (born September 28, 1962) is a Nicaraguan-American singer-songwriter and musician. He is known as "El Príncipe de la Salsa" (The Prince of Salsa). A grammy-award-winning artist, he has released over 20 albums and achieved widespread success, including his single "Yo No Sé Mañana" which was awarded a Latin Grammy Award for "Best Tropical Song".

With nearly 30 years in the music industry, he has accomplished several gold and platinum albums. During his peak he also performed as a session musician and provided percussion for many other artists including Ricky Martin, Foreigner, Juan Luis Guerra, Chayanne and others. He also worked in other genres such as merengue and pop.
Washingtonia
Washingtonia is a monotypic genus of monoecious palms, native to the southwestern United States (in Arizona, California, and Nevada) and northwest Mexico (in Baja California, Baja California Sur, and Sonora). Commonly known as the desert fan palm, the genus was named in honor of George Washington, the first U.S. President, by the German botanist Hermann Wendland in 1879. The genus is among the most recognizable and widely cultivated palms worldwide.

Washingtonia filifera var. robusta
Washingtonia filifera var. robusta, commonly known as the Mexican fan palm, Mexican washingtonia, or skyduster, is a flowering plant in the family Arecaceae native to the Sonoran desert along the Baja California peninsula. Despite its limited native distribution, W. filifera var. robusta is one of the most widely cultivated subtropical palms in the world. It is naturalized across the southern United States, Mediterranean, and Middle East.
Albert Franklin Banta
Albert Franklin Banta (December 18, 1843 – June 21, 1924) was an American newspaperman, politician, jurist, and army scout.  As a scout, he was a member of the Wheeler Survey and assisted General George Crook during the Apache Wars.  Banta was influential in the creation of Apache County, Arizona and later represented the county in the Arizona Territorial Legislature.  As a newspaperman, he started and operated a number of papers throughout Arizona Territory.

For roughly two decades he used the assumed name Charles A. Franklin instead of his birth name.

George Crook
George R. Crook (September 8, 1828 – March 21, 1890) was a career United States Army officer who served in the American Civil War and the Indian Wars. He is best known for commanding U.S. forces in the 1886 campaign that led to the defeat of the Apache leader Geronimo. As a result, the Apache nicknamed Crook Nantan Lupan, which means "Chief Wolf."
Window of the World Monorail
The Window of the World Monorail is a monorail that transports passengers around the Window of the World, which is a theme park located in Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. It runs three-car trains carrying 18 passengers.  Built by Intamin, the line's success led to the city of Shenzhen building its own, larger version, the Happy Line.

Happy Line
The Happy Line was a monorail line in central Shenzhen. The line was a loop and has seven stations, including stops at Splendid China, Happy Valley, Window of the World, and China Folk Culture Village.