hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Partition of Albania
The Partition of Albania (Albanian: Copëtimi i Shqipërisë) is a term used for the partition of the Albanian state, which proclaimed its independence on 28 November 1912. The delineation of the newly established Principality of Albania under the terms of the London Conference of 1912–1913 (29 July 1913) and the Ambassadors of the six Great Powers of that time (Great Britain, France, Germany, Austria-Hungary, Russia and Italy) left Albanian and non-Albanian populations on both sides of the border. Representatives of the Albanian National Movement viewed this as a partition of claimed Albanian-inhabited territories, also territories contained in a proposed Albanian Vilayet.

After the establishment of the Albanian state, there were plans to further partition Albania during World War I; however, Albania was not partitioned and maintained its independent existence.  Additional plans of partition were negotiated during and after World War II.

London Conference of 1912–1913
The London Conference of 1912–1913, also known as the London Peace Conference or the Conference of the Ambassadors, was an international summit of the six Great Powers of that time (Austria-Hungary, France, Great Britain, Germany, Italy, and Russia) convened in December 1912 due to the successes of the Balkan League armies against the Ottoman Empire in the First Balkan War. In particular, the conference intended to arbitrate between the warring powers as to territorial acquisitions, and also to determine the future of Albania, whose independence was proclaimed during the conflict.
Shurcheh, Razavi Khorasan
Shurcheh (Persian: شورچه, also Romanized as Shūrcheh; also known as Shurchen) is a village in Dughayi Rural District, in the Central District of Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 396, in 103 families.

Dughayi Rural District
Dughayi Rural District (Persian: دهستان دوغائي) is in Abkuh District of Quchan County, Razavi Khorasan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Dughayi. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Almajeq, now a city.
Laurynas Kasčiūnas
Laurynas Kasčiūnas (born 8 January 1982) is a Lithuanian right-wing politician, political analyst, Member of the Seimas for the Homeland Union, and Minister of National Defence of Lithuania from 25 March 2024 to 11 December 2024, replacing Arvydas Anušauskas. He was elected chairman of Homeland Union on 9 February 2025, winning a landslide with 78% of the vote.

Irena Degutienė
Irena Degutienė (born 1 June 1949) is a Lithuanian politician and member of the conservative Homeland Union. She is currently the Deputy Speaker of Seimas, and was twice the acting Prime Minister of Lithuania, first from 4 May 1999 to 18 May 1999 and then from 27 October 1999 to 3 November 1999. She has also been the Speaker of Seimas from 15 September 2009 to 14 September 2012, as well as Minister for Social Security and Labour from 1996 to 2000. In 1978, she graduated from Vilnius University with a degree in medicine. For almost twenty years, she worked in Vilnius Red Cross Hospital before becoming a secretary in the Ministry of Health in 1994. She was initially elected to Seimas in 1996. Degutienė is the first woman to be Speaker of Seimas in Lithuania's history.
1964 Pau Grand Prix
The 1964 Pau Grand Prix was a Formula Two motor race held on 5 April 1964 at the Pau circuit, in Pau, Pyrénées-Atlantiques, France. The Grand Prix was won by Jim Clark, driving the Lotus 32. Richard Attwood finished second and Peter Arundell third.

Pau Grand Prix
The Pau Grand Prix (French: Grand Prix de Pau) is a motor race held in Pau, in the Pyrénées-Atlantiques department of southwestern France. The French Grand Prix was held at Pau in 1930, leading to the annual Pau Grand Prix being inaugurated in 1933. It was not run during World War II and in 2020–2021 due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The race takes place around the centre of the city, where public roads are closed to form a street circuit, and over the years the event has variously conformed to the rules of Grand Prix racing, Formula One, Formula Two, Formula 3000, Formula Three, Formula Libre, sports car racing, and touring car racing.

In 2021, Autocar included the Pau Grand Prix in its list of "The 10 best street circuits in the world".
Circuito de Jerez
Circuito de Jerez – Ángel Nieto (formerly known as Circuito de Jerez and Circuito de Velocidad Jerez), is a 4.428 km (2.751 mi) racing circuit located close to the city of Jerez de la Frontera, 90-kilometre (56 mi) south of Seville and deep within the sherry-producing region in the south of Spain. The project was led by the Spanish engineer Manuel Medina Lara, based on a preliminary idea from Alessandro Rocci.

Eurocup-3
Eurocup-3 is a formula racing series regulated according to Formula Regional regulations. The series is founded for levelling up the competition for all drivers, with each team committing on a maximum budget of €400,000 every season.
Belgium national under-21 football team
The Belgium national under-21 football team is the national under-21 football team of Belgium and is controlled by the Belgian Football Association. The team competes in the UEFA European Under-21 Championship, held every two years. Their biggest successes were winning the 2007–09 International Challenge Trophy and reaching the European Championship semi-finals in 2007 in the Netherlands. Thanks to the latter achievement, Belgium qualified for the football tournament at the 2008 Summer Olympics. Their current home stadium is Den Dreef in Leuven.

Austria national under-21 football team
The Austria national under-21 football team is the national under-21 football team of Austria and is controlled by the Austrian Football Association.

This team is for Austrian players aged 21 or under at the start of a two-year European Under-21 Football Championship campaign, so players can be, and often are, up to 23 years old.
National Museum of Romanian Aviation
The National Museum of Romanian Aviation (Romanian: Muzeul Național al Aviației Române) is an aviation museum owned by the General Staff of the Romanian Air Force. The museum was established on 2 March 1990, being initially located on the Otopeni military base. In 2006, it was moved in the hangars of the former Pipera Airport. The museum also manages the "History and Museography of Rockets and Space Research" section of the Hermann Oberth memorial house in Mediaș.

The current director of the museum is Comandor Ion-Doru Micu.

Aviation museum
An aviation museum, air museum, or air and space museum is a museum exhibiting the history and artifacts of aviation. In addition to actual, replica or accurate reproduction aircraft, exhibits can include photographs, maps, models, dioramas, clothing and equipment used by aviators.
Le Pélégrin
Le Pélégrin is an album by the group Tri Yann released in January 2001, their first album since Portraits, in 1995.

The album is a trip across Celtic regions, from Scotland to La Compostella. The songs are almost all compositions by the group. For the first time, the group uses a female singer in Bleunwenn (sister of Konan Mevel) who took over while Jean-Paul Corbineau was sick in 2000. 2001 was also the thirtieth anniversary of the group.

Portraits (Tri Yann album)
Portraits is a concept album by Breton band Tri Yann. It was released in 1995 under the Déclic label.

All the songs on the album are about a historical person. Some, like the tracks in honor of Brian Boru and Gerry Adams, are purely instrumental, while some contain Old French lyrics. The last third of the songs in the album concern Guillaume Seznec.

The album was recorded at l'Abbaye Royale de Fontevraud. It also marks the arrival of Christophe Le Helley into the group, which would give the band a more medieval sound, as well as a rare appearance by former member Bernard Baudriller.
John Costanza
John Costanza (born August 14, 1943, in Dover, New Jersey) is an American comic book artist and letterer. He has worked for both DC Comics and Marvel Comics. He was the letterer during Alan Moore's acclaimed run on Swamp Thing. The bulk of Costanza's art assignments have been for anthropomorphic animal comics and children-oriented material.

Jim Starlin
James P. Starlin (born October 9, 1949) is an American comics artist and writer. Beginning his career in the early 1970s, he is best known for space opera stories, for revamping the Marvel Comics characters Captain Marvel and Adam Warlock, and for creating or co-creating the Marvel characters Thanos, Drax the Destroyer, Gamora, and Shang-Chi. Starlin wrote the miniseries The Infinity Gauntlet and its many sequels including The Infinity War and The Infinity Crusade, all detailing Thanos's pursuit of the Infinity Gems and his conflict with the heroes of the Marvel Universe.

For DC Comics, he drew many iconic characters, including Darkseid, and wrote the seminal storyline A Death in the Family which featured the death of Jason Todd, the second Robin, during his run on Batman. For Epic Illustrated, he created his own character, Dreadstar.
Wilhelm Ostwald Institute
The Wilhelm Ostwald Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry at the University of Leipzig, located at Linnéstraße 2 in Leipzig, is the oldest physical chemistry institute in Germany. It is one of seven institutes of the Faculty of Chemistry and Mineralogy of the University of Leipzig. The institute was ceremoniously inaugurated in 1898 by its first director, Nobel Prize winner Wilhelm Ostwald, and has borne the official name "Wilhelm Ostwald Institute for Physical and Theoretical Chemistry" since 1998.

Chemical kinetics
Chemical kinetics, also known as reaction kinetics, is the branch of physical chemistry that is concerned with understanding the rates of chemical reactions. It is different from chemical thermodynamics, which deals with the direction in which a reaction occurs but in itself tells nothing about its rate. Chemical kinetics includes investigations of how experimental conditions influence the speed of a chemical reaction and yield information about the reaction's mechanism and transition states, as well as the construction of mathematical models that also can describe the characteristics of a chemical reaction.
GNR Class N1
The Great Northern Railway (GNR) Class N1 was an 0-6-2T side tank steam locomotive designed by Henry Ivatt and introduced in 1906.  They were all withdrawn from service between 1947 and 1959. None have survived.

Most of the class were fitted with condensing apparatus and worked in the London area, from King's Cross and Hornsey depots, on empty coach trains, and on cross-London exchange freight trains.

In 1914, Crewe Works built an armoured train which used a Class N1 engine. The engine was covered by a 14mm steel plate, and featured observation apertures to the front and side, closed by sliding steel shutters. Two of the Ivatt tank engines No. 1587 and No. 1590 were loaned to Crewe to be fitted with armor plating and were named HMT Norna and HMT Alice respectively. They were sold back to the LNER in 1923 and had their armor plating removed.

Condensing steam locomotive
A condensing steam locomotive is a type of locomotive designed to recover exhaust steam, either in order to improve range between taking on boiler water, or to reduce emission of steam inside enclosed spaces. The apparatus takes the exhaust steam that would normally be used to produce a draft for the firebox, and routes it through a heat exchanger, into the boiler water tanks. Installations vary depending on the purpose, design and the type of locomotive to which it is fitted. It differs from the usual closed cycle condensing steam engine, in that the function of the condenser is primarily either to recover water, or to avoid excessive emissions to the atmosphere, rather than maintaining a vacuum to improve both efficiency and power.
2006 UCI Road World Championships – Men's time trial
The Men's time trial at the 2006 UCI Road World Championships took place on September 21, 2006, in the Austrian city of Salzburg. The race was part of the UCI Road World Championships. Swiss rider Fabian Cancellara won the gold medal and the rainbow jersey as the 2006 World Time Trial Champion.

2006 UCI Road World Championships
The 2006 UCI Road World Championships took place in Salzburg, Austria, between September 19 and September 24, 2006. The event consisted of a road race and a time trial for men, women and men under 23.

The Men's road race saw Italian Olympic champion Paolo Bettini triumph, while Swiss Fabian Cancellara won his first time trial world title.

The women's road race title was won by Marianne Vos, in her first year of racing at senior level.
Knight banneret
A knight banneret, sometimes known simply as banneret, was a medieval knight who led a company of troops during time of war under his own banner (which was square-shaped, in contrast to the tapering standard or the pennon flown by the lower-ranking knights) and was eligible to bear supporters in English heraldry. The military rank of a knight banneret was higher than a knight Bachelor (who fought under another's banner), but lower than an earl or duke.

Under English custom the rank of knight banneret could only be conferred by the sovereign on the field of battle. There were some technical exceptions to this; when his standard was on the field of battle he could be regarded as physically present though he was not. His proxy could be regarded as a sufficient substitution for his presence. The wife of a banneret was styled as banneress.

Edward Pelham Brenton
Captain Edward Pelham Brenton CB (20 July 1774 – 13 April 1839) was a Royal Navy officer and historian who served in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Brenton's military career was relatively unremarkable apart from his involvement in the British capture of Martinique in 1809. He became famous after the conflict when he published the Naval History of Great Britain from the Year 1783 to 1822 in 1823. The book was popular, but Brenton was criticised at the time and since for his failure to distinguish between fact and rumour as well as his partisan political leanings. In Brenton's later years, he was involved in charitable enterprises in the poorer areas of London with mixed success.
2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship Pool B
Pool B was one of eight pools of the preliminary round of the 2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship. The pool consisted of the current Olympic champion, Italy, as well as Belgium, Cuba, and Slovakia. Teams were played one another in a round-robin, where the top two teams advanced to the final round.

It took place from 22 to 26 August 2025, with rest days on 23 and 25 August. Each matchday features two games, held at 17:00 and 20:30. As the seeded team, Italy played at 20:30 in the first match against Slovakia, while their two remaining matches against Cuba and Belgium were played at 17:00 due to a broadcast time conflict with the Thailand vs. Sweden and the Thailand vs. Netherlands match in Pool A.

2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship final round
The final round of the 2025 FIVB Women's Volleyball World Championship was the second and final stage of the competition, following the preliminary round. The top two teams from each pool advanced to the final round to compete in a single-elimination format. There were 16 matches in the final round, including a third-place match played between the two losing teams of the semi-finals.

It took place from 23 August to 7 September, with rest days on 2 and 5 September. Each matchday featured two games: at 17:00 and 20:30 for the round of 16 and the quarterfinals, and at 15:30 and 19:30 for the semifinals, 3rd place match, and the final.
2024 Oregon elections
A general election was held in the U.S. state of Oregon on November 5, 2024. Primary elections were held on May 21, 2024.

In the early hours of October 28 an incendiary device was placed in a ballot drop box in Portland damaging 3 ballots.

Oregon Secretary of State
The secretary of state of Oregon, an elected constitutional officer within the executive branch of the government of the U.S. state of Oregon, is first in the line of succession to the governor. The duties of the office are auditor of public accounts, chief elections officer, and administrator of public records. Additionally, the secretary of state serves on the Oregon State Land Board and chairs the Oregon Sustainability Board. Following every United States Census, if the Oregon Legislative Assembly cannot come to an agreement over changes to legislative redistricting, the duty falls to the secretary of state.

The current secretary of state is Democrat Tobias Read, who took office on January 6, 2025.
Simply connected at infinity
In topology, a branch of mathematics, a topological space X is said to be simply connected at infinity if for any compact subset C of X, there is a compact set D in X containing C so that the induced map on fundamental groups

is the zero map.  Intuitively, this is the property that loops far away from a small subspace of X can be collapsed, no matter how bad the small subspace is.

The Whitehead manifold is an example of a 3-manifold that is contractible but not simply connected at infinity. Since this property is invariant under homeomorphism, this proves that the Whitehead manifold is not homeomorphic to R3.

However, it is a theorem of John R. Stallings that for , a contractible n-manifold is homeomorphic to Rn precisely when it is simply connected at infinity.

Fundamental group
In the mathematical  field of algebraic topology, the fundamental group of a topological space is the group of the equivalence classes under homotopy of the loops contained in the space. It records information about the basic shape, or holes, of the topological space. The fundamental group is the first and simplest homotopy group. The fundamental group is a homotopy invariant—topological spaces that are homotopy equivalent (or the stronger case of homeomorphic) have isomorphic fundamental groups. The fundamental group of a topological space  is denoted by .
Dacian bracelets
The Dacian bracelets are bracelets associated with the ancient people known as the Dacians, a distinct branch of the Thracians. These bracelets were used as ornaments, currency, high rank insignia and votive offerings Their ornamentations consist of many elaborate regionally distinct styles. Bracelets of various types were worn by Dacians, but the most characteristic piece of their jewelry was the large multi-spiral bracelets; engraved with palmettes towards the ends and terminating in the shape of an animal head, usually that of a snake.

Cerbăl
Cerbăl (Hungarian: Cserbel) is a commune in Hunedoara County, Transylvania, Romania. It is composed of eight villages: Arănieș (Aranyos), Cerbăl, Feregi (Feresd), Merișoru de Munte (Meresd), Poienița Tomii (Pojenicatomi), Poiana Răchițelii (Pojánarekiceli), Socet (Szocsed), and Ulm (Ulm).
Angua railway station
Angua railway station is a railway station on Kharagpur–Puri line, part of the Howrah–Chennai main line under Kharagpur railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Kismat Angua in Paschim Medinipur district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Kharagpur–Puri line
The Kharagpur–Puri Line is a railway line connecting Kharagpur in the Indian state of West Bengal and Puri in Odisha.  The total line can be divided into sections. The Kharagpur–Khurda Road portion of this line, which is a part of the Howrah–Chennai main line and Khurda Road - Puri portion.
Jaclyn Sawicki
Jaclyn Katrina Demis Sawicki (born November 14, 1992) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Calgary Wild in the Northern Super League and the Philippines national team. Born and raised in Canada, she represents the Philippines at the international level, after previously representing Canada at both youth and senior level.

Canada women's national soccer team
The Canada women's national soccer team (French: Équipe du Canada de soccer féminine) represents Canada in international soccer competitions. They are overseen by the Canadian Soccer Association, the governing body for soccer in Canada.

The team reached international prominence at the 2003 FIFA Women's World Cup, losing in the bronze medal match to the United States. Canada qualified for its first Olympic women's soccer tournament in 2008, making it to the quarter-finals. Canada's most significant achievement has been winning the gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo. The team is also two-time CONCACAF Women's Championship winners, and two-time Olympic bronze medallists.

Canada hosted the 2015 FIFA Women's World Cup, where they were eliminated in the quarterfinals by England. Canada set a new tournament and team record for attendance in the process, with 1,353,506 and 54,027, respectively.
Alan Gilbert (Australian academic)
Alan David Gilbert AO (11 September 1944 – 27 July 2010) was an Australian historian and academic administrator who was president and vice-chancellor of the University of Manchester between 2004 and 2010.

During his tenure (1996–2004) as vice-chancellor of the University of Melbourne, he pushed for and established Melbourne University Private, a private university offshoot which ultimately failed. This, and his well-known controversial views on private funding of universities, led to Richard Davis in 2002 dubbing him the "doyen of economically rationalist vice-chancellors".

Good to Great
Good to Great: Why Some Companies Make the Leap... and Others Don't is a management book by Jim C. Collins that describes how companies transition from being good companies to great companies, and how most companies fail to make the transition. The book was a bestseller, selling four million copies and going far beyond the traditional audience of business books. The book was published on October 16, 2001.
Udon Thani International Airport
Udon Thani International Airport (IATA: UTH, ICAO: VTUD) is in the Nong Khon Kwang subdistrict, Mueang Udon Thani district, Udon Thani province in northeastern Thailand.  It is approximately 450 kilometres (280 mi) northeast of Bangkok.  It currently has domestic flights to and from Bangkok (Suvarnabhumi and Don Mueang), Chiang Mai (on Nok Air), Hat Yai (on Thai Lion Air),  Phuket (on Thai AirAsia), Rayong (on Thai AirAsia), and Ubon Ratchathani (on Nok Air). In 2006, the airport had 677,411 passenger movements and 1,558 MT cargo movements. In 2013, the airport handled 1,325,305 passengers. In 2015, it handled 2,213,689 passengers and 3,678 tonnes of freight. It has been managed by the Department of Airports (DOA).

Udon Thani Airport is the DOA's moneymaker, with profits reaching 100 million baht a year. This airport was scheduled to be transferred to Airports of Thailand PCL (AOT) in the first half of 2023.

Nok Air
Nok Airlines plc, trading as Nok Air (SET: NOK; Thai: บริษัท สายการบินนกแอร์ จำกัด (มหาชน), from nok [นก] meaning 'bird') is a low-cost airline in Thailand operating mostly domestic services from Bangkok's Don Mueang International Airport.