hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Jeffries
Commissioner Charles Henry Jeffries (1864 – 1 February 1936) was a British pioneer Salvationist and notable convert, after he left the Skeleton Army and attained the third highest rank possible as an Officer in The Salvation Army.

He was the grandfather of actor and director Lionel Jeffries.

General of The Salvation Army
General is the title of the international leader and chief executive officer of The Salvation Army, a Christian denomination with extensive charitable social services that gives quasi-military rank to its ministers (who are therefore known as officers). The General is elected by the High Council of The Salvation Army and serves a term of five years, which may be extended to seven years. According to the organization, the General is purported to be chosen by God, and the council identifies that person. The position is roughly equivalent to the position of Archbishop in many other Christian denominations. Lyndon Buckingham is the current General, who assumed office on 3 August 2023 upon the retirement of Brian Peddle. The organization's founder, William Booth, was the first and longest-serving General. There have been 22 Generals as of 2023.
Yeliz Kurt
Yeliz Kurt (born 15 January 1984) is a former Turkish female middle-distance runner competing mostly in the 800 m and 1500 m as well as 4 × 400 m relay events.

Kurt was banned twice from competing during her career for doping violations.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Tom Mercey
Thomas Mercey (born 15 June 1987 in Lewisham, London) is a retired rugby union footballer who plays at prop for Northampton Saints in the Aviva Premiership.

In 2007 he made his debut for the England Saxons having already represented England at Under 21, Under 19, and Under 16 levels.

England A national rugby union team
England A is England's men's second national rugby union team. The team has previously been known by a number of names, such as England B, Emerging England and, most recently, England Saxons. England A were unbeaten for 13 games until losing to Ireland A, now known as Ireland Wolfhounds, in the 2009 Churchill Cup Final on 21 June 2009.

England A was one of three sides that regularly competed in the now-defunct annual Churchill Cup competition, the others being the full national teams of Canada and the United States. From 2006 onwards, they also regularly played two matches against other European countries in parallel with the full Six Nations Championship.
Aqua (satellite)
Aqua (EOS PM-1) is a NASA scientific research satellite in orbit around the Earth, studying the precipitation, evaporation, and cycling of water. It is the second major component of the Earth Observing System (EOS) preceded by Terra (launched 1999) and followed by Aura (launched 2004).

The name "Aqua" comes from the Latin word for water. The satellite was launched from Vandenberg Air Force Base on May 4, 2002, aboard a Delta II rocket. Aqua operated in a Sun-synchronous orbit as the third in the satellite formation called the "A Train" with several other satellites (OCO-2, the Japanese GCOM W1, PARASOL, CALIPSO, CloudSat, and Aura) for most of its first 20 years; but in January 2022 Aqua left the A-Train (as Cloud Sat, CALIPSO and PARASOL had already done) when, due to its fuel limitations, it transitioned to a free-drift mode, wherein its equatorial crossing time is slowly drifting to later times, from its tightly controlled orbit.

CloudSat
CloudSat is a Passivated NASA Earth observation satellite, which was launched on a Delta II rocket on April 28, 2006, and is awaiting disposal. It used radar to measure the altitude and properties of clouds, adding to the information on the relationship between clouds and climate to help resolve questions about global warming.

It operated in daytime-only operations from 2011 to 2023 due to battery malfunction, requiring sunlight to power the radar. On December 15, 2023, the Cloud Profiling Radar was deactivated for the final time, ending the data collection portion of the mission.

The mission was selected under NASA's Earth System Science Pathfinder program in 1999. Ball Aerospace & Technologies Corp. in Boulder, Colorado, designed and built the spacecraft.

CloudSat's primary mission was scheduled to continue for 22 months to allow more than one seasonal cycle to be observed.
Messiah Part II
Messiah (HWV 56), the English-language oratorio composed by George Frideric Handel in 1741, is structured in three parts. This listing covers Part II in a table and comments on individual movements, reflecting the relation of the musical setting to the text. Part I begins with the prophecy of the Messiah and his birth, shows the annunciation to the shepherds and reflects the Messiah's deeds on earth. Part II covers the Passion in nine movements including the oratorio's longest movement, an air for alto He was despised, then mentions death, resurrection, ascension, and reflects the spreading of the Gospel and its rejection. The part is concluded by a scene called "God's Triumph" that culminates in the Hallelujah chorus. Part III of the oratorio concentrates on Paul's teaching of the resurrection of the dead and Christ's glorification in heaven.

Annunciation to the shepherds
The annunciation to the shepherds is an episode in the Nativity of Jesus described in the Bible in Luke 2, in which angels tell a group of shepherds about the birth of Jesus.  It is a common subject of Christian art and of Christmas carols.
Dead Serious (film)
Dead Serious is a 2024 Showmax original Nigerian romantic comedy film, released on 23 February 2024. It was directed by Moses Inwang, and produced by David Rukeme. It stars Sharon Ooja, Emmanuel Chukwuemeka Ejekwu, Nkem Owoh, Lilian Afegbai, Deyemi Okanlawon, Albert Oluwatoyin, Funky Mallam, Emem Inwang, Ryonne Razaq, and Lawal Nasiru.

Lilian Afegbai
Lilian Afegbai (born 11 November 1991) is a Nigerian Actress, Film producer and Entrepreneur. In 2018, she won the Africa Magic Viewers' Choice Awards (AMVCA) for the Indigenous movie of the Year for her production debut Bound in 2018.
In 2019, she launched her lingerie and gym Wear line "Lilly’s Secret"
Hibernaspidoidei
Hibernaspidoidei is a taxon of extinct amphiaspidid heterostracan agnathans whose fossils are restricted to Lower Devonian marine strata of Siberia near the Taimyr Peninsula.  In life, hibernaspid amphiaspidids are thought to be benthic animals that lived most of their lives mostly buried in the sediment of a series of hypersaline lagoons. All amphiaspids are easily distinguished from other heterostracans in that all of the plates of the cephalothorax armor are fused into a single, muff-like unit, so that the forebody of the living animal would have looked like a potpie or a hot waterbottle with  a pair of small, or degenerated eyes, a pair of branchial openings for exhaling, and, in the case of hibernaspids, a simple, slit-like mouth at the anterior end of a tube-like head.

Amphiaspidida
Amphiaspidida is a taxon of extinct cyathaspidid heterostracan agnathans whose fossils are restricted to Lower Devonian marine strata of Siberia near the Taimyr Peninsula.  Some authorities treat it as a suborder of Cyathaspidiformes, while others treat it as an order in its own right as "Amphiaspidiformes."  In life, they are thought to be benthic animals that lived most of their lives mostly buried in the sediment of a series of hypersaline lagoons. Amphiaspids are easily distinguished from other heterostracans in that all of the plates of the cephalothorax armor are fused into a single, muff-like unit, so that the forebody of the living animal would have looked like a potpie or a hot waterbottle with a pair of small, or degenerated eyes sometimes flanked by preorbital openings, a pair of branchial openings for exhaling, and a simple, slit-like, or tube-like mouth.
Subcooling
The term subcooling (also called undercooling) refers to the intentional process of cooling a liquid below its normal boiling point. For example, water boils at 373 K; at room temperature (293 K) liquid water is termed "subcooled".  Subcooling is a common stage in refrigeration cycles and steam turbine cycles. Some rocket engines use subcooled propellants.

In refrigeration systems, subcooling the refrigerant is necessary to ensure the completion of the remaining stages of the refrigeration cycle. The subcooling stage provides certainty that the refrigerant is fully liquid before it reaches the next step on the cycle, the thermal expansion valve, where the presence of gas can be disruptive.  Subcooling is often accomplished in heat exchangers.

Subcooling and superheating, which are similar and inverse processes, are both important for the stability and well-functioning of a refrigeration system.

Heat pump and refrigeration cycle
Thermodynamic heat pump cycles or refrigeration cycles are the conceptual and mathematical models for heat pump, air conditioning and refrigeration systems. A heat pump is a mechanical system that transmits heat from one location (the "source") at a certain temperature to another location (the "sink" or "heat sink") at a higher temperature. Thus a heat pump may be thought of as a "heater" if the objective is to warm the heat sink (as when warming the inside of a home on a cold day), or a "refrigerator" or "cooler" if the objective is to cool the heat source (as in the normal operation of a freezer). The operating principles in both cases are the same; energy is used to move heat from a colder place to a warmer place.
Maa (2018 film)
Maa (transl. Mother) is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language short film directed and edited by Sarjun KM and produced by Gautham Vasudev Menon, Venkat Somasundaram and Reshma Ghatala under his banner Ondraga Entertainment. The script was written by Sarjun and Priyanka Ravindran, and it features Anikha Surendran and Kani Kusruti in the lead roles. The music is composed by Sundaramurthy KS and cinematography was handled by Sudharshan Srinivasan. It was released on 25 January 2018. The makers released a Telugu dubbed version of the short film on 23 February 2018.

Kani Kusruti
Kani Kusruti is an Indian actress known primarily for her work in Malayalam films. She first gained recognition in 2009 with the film Kerala Cafe, in which her performance was critically acclaimed. Kani won the Best Actress at Kerala State Film Awards and the Best Actress Award at the Moscow International Film Festival for her performance in the film Biriyaani (2020). She has since starred in the independent films All We Imagine as Light and Girls Will Be Girls (both 2024).
2025 Cambridgeshire train stabbing
On 1 November 2025, a mass stabbing occurred aboard a London North Eastern Railway (LNER) train in England that had departed from Doncaster and was heading for London King's Cross. A man boarded the train at Peterborough railway station in Cambridgeshire at approximately 19:30 GMT, before attacking passengers indiscriminately.

Within fourteen minutes of the train leaving Peterborough and within five minutes of the first call to emergency services, the train made an unscheduled stop at Huntingdon railway station. It was met at 19:44 by armed police who arrested two men, one of whom was released the following day without charge. Ten people were taken to hospital, nine of whom were believed to have life-threatening injuries.

The next day, the police ruled out a terrorist motive, and said that the attacker had acted alone. He was charged with eleven counts of attempted murder, one of which related to an incident at a London station on the morning of the same day.

Peterborough railway station
Peterborough railway station serves the cathedral city of Peterborough, Cambridgeshire, England. It is sited 76 miles 29 chains (122.9 km) north of London King's Cross. The station is a major interchange serving both the north–south East Coast Main Line, as well as long-distance and local east–west services. The station is managed by London North Eastern Railway. Ticket gates came into use at the station in 2012.
Sketch (TV series)
Sketch (Korean: 스케치) is a South Korean television series starring Rain, Lee Sun-bin, Lee Dong-gun, Jung Jin-young, Kang Shin-il, Lim Hwa-young and Lee Seung-joo. It aired on JTBC from May 25, 2018 to July 14, 2018.

Jung Jin-young (actor)
Jung Jin-young (Korean: 정진영; born November 19, 1964) is a South Korean actor. He has starred in numerous films, including Hi! Dharma! (2001), Bunt (2007), and The Case of Itaewon Homicide (2009). Jung is best known for his frequent collaborations with director Lee Joon-ik in Once Upon a Time in a Battlefield (2003) and its sequel Battlefield Heroes (2011), The Happy Life (2007), Sunny (2008), and particularly for his role as King Yeonsan in the hugely successful King and the Clown (2005).

Jung also appeared in the television series The Kingdom of the Winds (2008–2009), Dong Yi (2010), and Brain (2011–2012).
San Roque l'Acebal
San Roque l'Acebal is a parish in Llanes municipality, in eastern Asturias, Spain. It is located in the central area of the conceyu (municipality), and is surrounded by the parishes of Cue (to the north), Purón (to the south), Andrín (to the east) and Llanes (to the west). Its territory, trapezoidal in shape and flat orography, has an extension of 4.06 km2. It only includes the homonymous population center, in which 348 people live (INE, 2022).

Llanes
Llanes (the Concejo de Llanes, Conceyu de Llanes in Asturian language) is a municipality of the province of Asturias, in northern Spain. Stretching for about 30 km along the coast at the extreme east of the province, Llanes is bounded to the south by the high ridge of the limestone Sierra del Cuera, which rises to over 1,100 m. The region is part of the Costa Verde (Green Coast) of Spain, which is known for its spectacular coastal scenery, with 32 white sand beaches, and mountains covered with a deep green mantle. Llanes lies to the north of the Picos de Europa, a mountain range whose geology is almost entirely of limestone karst.

Most of the inhabitants of the district live on the coastal plain, on which the largest town is Llanes itself, with a population of about 4,000 out of the total for the district of about 13,000. The folklore, food, and fiestas of the region are famous for their colour and history.
Alexis Leon Louis Valbrun
Alexis Leon Louis Valbrun (January 3, 1803 – 1852) was a French painter specialized in portraits of the European aristocracy. He studied under Nicolas Gosse and was a pupil of Antoine-Jean Gros. He entered the École nationale supérieure des Beaux-Arts in Paris in 1817 and exhibited his work at the Salon between 1831 and 1843. Some of his paintings are displayed at the Fondation Calvet in Avignon, the Palace of Versailles (Philip V of Spain) and the Chateau de Chantilly (Sophie Dawes, Baronne de Feucheres). His historic painting La mort de Saphire (Fine Art Museum in Saint Lo) was exhibited at the Salon in 1843. In 1846 he decorated the church Saint-Paul-Saint-Louis in Paris.

Antoine-Jean Gros
Antoine-Jean Gros (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃twanʒɑ̃ gʁo]; 16 March 1771 – 25 June 1835) was a French painter of historical subjects. He was granted the title of Baron Gros in 1824.

Gros studied under Jacques-Louis David in Paris and began an independent artistic career during the French Revolution. Forced to leave France, Gros moved to Genoa. His portrait of French commander Napoleon Bonaparte at the Battle of Arcole in 1796 brought Gros to public attention and gained the patronage of Napoleon. After traveling with Napoleon's army for several years, he returned to Paris in 1799. In addition to producing several large paintings of battles and other events in Napoleon's life, Gros was a successful portraitist.
Lindbergia maritima
Lindbergia maritima is a species of moss in the family Leskeaceae. The species is endemic to New Zealand, occurring at only a single rocky coastal location near Piha, in the Auckland Region, New Zealand.

Piha
Piha is a coastal settlement in West Auckland, on the western coast of the Auckland Region in New Zealand. It is one of the most popular beaches in the area and a major day-trip destination for Aucklanders throughout the year, and especially in summer.

Piha is 39 kilometres west of Auckland city centre, on the Tasman Sea coast to the north of the Manukau Harbour, on the western edge of the Waitākere Ranges. Immediately to the north of Piha is Whites Beach, and immediately to the south is Te Unuhanga-a-Rangitoto / Mercer Bay; land access to both is only by foot. The nearest beaches accessible by road are Karekare to the south, and Anawhata to the north.
SS Turris Calcio
S.S. Turris Calcio, commonly known as Turris, is an Italian football club based in Torre del Greco, Campania. The club was founded in 1944 as F.C. Turris 1944 and refounded in 2004 and then 2012. The nicknames of the team are Torresi and Corallini.

Turris were promoted to Serie C in 2019–20 as champions of Serie D, following the early conclusion of the league due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Serie D
The Serie D (Italian pronunciation: [ˈseːrje ˈdi]) is the highest level of semi-professional football in Italy, and the fourth tier of the Italian national league system, the lowest one with a national organization. It sits beneath the third and lowest fully professional league, Serie C, and feeds in to it through promotion and relegation. Serie D is administered by the Lega Nazionale Dilettanti and is organized by the Roman Comitato Interregionale (Interregional Committee), a "league in the league" inside the LND.
Louis Hodgson
Louis Maclean "Lou" Hodgson (March 21, 1936 – July 7, 2012) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1963 to 1967 who represented the eastern Toronto riding of Scarborough East.

Scarborough East (provincial electoral district)
Scarborough East was a provincial electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was created prior to the 1963 provincial election and eliminated in 1996, when most of its territory was incorporated into the riding of Pickering—Scarborough East. Scarborough East riding was created from part of the former riding of York—Scarborough. It was in the former borough of Scarborough.

Seven Members of Provincial Parliament represented the riding during its 
history. Liberals Ed Fulton and Mary Anne Chambers and Conservatives Margaret Birch and Steve Gilchrist were all members of cabinet in their respective times.
11th Transport Battalion "Etnea"
The 11th Transport Battalion "Etnea" (Italian: 11° Battaglione Trasporti "Etnea") is an inactive military logistics battalion of the Italian Army, which was based in Palermo in Sicily. Originally a transport regiment of the Royal Italian Army, the unit was last active from 1987 to 1998. The battalion's anniversary falls, as for all units of the Italian Army's Transport and Materiel Corps, on 22 May, the anniversary of the Royal Italian Army's first major use of automobiles to transport reinforcements to the Asiago plateau to counter the Austro-Hungarian Asiago Offensive in May 1916.

Military logistics
Military logistics is the discipline of planning and carrying out the movement, supply, and maintenance of military forces. In its most comprehensive sense, it is those aspects or military operations that deal with:

Design, development, acquisition, storage, distribution, maintenance, evacuation, and disposition of materiel.

Transport of personnel.

Acquisition or construction, maintenance, operation and disposition of facilities.

Acquisition or furnishing of services.

Medical and health service support.

Logistics is an enabler of military operations, not an end in itself. Poor logistics can result in defeat, but even the best logistics cannot guarantee victory. Conversely, the best possible logistics is not always required: fit for purpose can suffice.
Parafossarulus sungariensis
Parafossarulus sungariensis  is a species of freshwater snail with gills and an operculum, an aquatic prosobranch gastropod mollusk in the family Bithyniidae.

The specific name sungariensis comes from the name of the Sungari River, where this species was found.

Songhua River
The Songhua or Sunghwa River (also Haixi or Xingal, Russian: Сунгари, romanized: Sungari) is one of the primary rivers of China, and the longest tributary of the Amur. It flows about 1,897 km (1,179 mi) from Changbai Mountains on the China–North Korea border through China's northeastern Jilin and Heilongjiang provinces.

The river drains 557,180 km2 (215,130 sq mi) of land, and has an annual discharge of 76.2 km3/a (2,410 m3/s) to 81.77 km3/a (2,591 m3/s).

The extreme flatness of the Northeast China Plain has caused the river to meander over time, filling the wide plain with oxbow lakes, as remnants of the previous paths of the river.
Lorenzo Robledo
Lorenzo Robledo (3 July 1918 – September 2006) was a Spanish film actor, who made over 85 appearances in film between 1956 and 1982. He is a familiar face in Italian Westerns, having appeared in a total of 32 spaghetti Westerns throughout the 1960s and early 1970s.

Robledo is probably best known for his roles in Sergio Leone's spaghetti Westerns of the 1960s and 1970s, portraying minor characters in the trilogy of films A Fistful of Dollars (1964), For a Few Dollars More (1965), The Good, the Bad and the Ugly (1966), and Once Upon a Time in the West in 1968. He acted in many other Westerns prolifically including the tortured sheriff in Four of the Apocalypse (1975).

His most notable role in Leone's films (where he is more recognizable) is in For a Few Dollars More when he plays the character of a cornered enemy of the main evil villain who tortures him and murders his family before killing him.

Robledo died in September 2006 in Madrid.

For a Few Dollars More
For a Few Dollars More (Italian: Per qualche dollaro in più) is a 1965 Spaghetti Western film directed by Sergio Leone. It stars Clint Eastwood and Lee Van Cleef as bounty hunters and Gian Maria Volonté as the primary villain. Klaus Kinski plays a supporting role as a secondary villain. The film was an international co-production between Italy, West Germany, and Spain. The film was released in the United States in 1967 and was marketed in the United States as the second installment in the Dollars Trilogy.
Billy Newnes
William Anthony Paul Newnes (born Liverpool, 6 December 1959) is an Epsom Oaks winning jockey, best known for his connection with the horse Time Charter, on which he won the Oaks, Sun Chariot Stakes and Champion Stakes in 1982. He was also Champion Apprentice the same season, with 57 winners.

Not long afterwards, in 1984, he was banned for three years for accepting £1,000 from professional gambler Harry Bardsley in return for information.

After his return, he won the 1989 Greenham Stakes on Zayyani, but spent much of the 1990s riding in Germany, where he won the Deutsches Derby in 1992 on Pik Konig. His last Group race victory was the Fruhjahrspreis des Bankhaus Metzler in Frankfurt on 22 Apr 2001 on Blue Baloo.

Deutsches Derby
The Deutsches Derby is a Group 1 flat horse race in Germany open to three-year-old thoroughbred colts and fillies. It is run at Hamburg-Horn over a distance of 2,400 metres (about 1½ miles), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July.

It is Germany's equivalent of The Derby, a famous race in England.