hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transair (Australia)
Transair was an airline based in Australia. The Civil Aviation Safety Authority cancelled the Air Operator's Certificate, at the request of Transair, on 4 December 2006. Transair ceased all operations from that date. This action followed investigations by the Civil Aviation Safety Authority and Australian Transport Safety Bureau into the airline's safety after the fatal accident of one of Transair's aircraft on 7 May 2005.

Civil Aviation Safety Authority
The Civil Aviation Safety Authority (CASA) is an Australian statutory authority responsible for the regulation and safety oversight of Australia's civil aviation. CASA was formed on 6 July 1995 under the Civil Aviation Act 1988 when the Civil Aviation Authority was split into two separate government bodies: Airservices Australia and CASA.

CASA is an agency within the Department of Infrastructure, Transport, Regional Development, Communications and the Arts (DITRDCA). Directors are appointed by the minister.

CASA is responsible for monitoring civil air operations in Australia, issuing appropriate licences, enforcing safety requirements and protecting the environment from the effects of aircraft use. Air traffic control in Australian air space falls under the statutory mandated responsibility and role of Airservices Australia.
Queenstown, Tasmania
Queenstown is a historic mining town in the West Coast region of the island of Tasmania, Australia. It is in a valley on the western slopes of Mount Owen on the West Coast Range.

At the 2021 census, Queenstown had a population of 1,808 people.

Mount Lyell (Tasmania)
Mount Lyell is a mountain in the West Coast Range of Western Tasmania, Australia.

Mount Lyell has an elevation of 917 metres (3,009 ft) above sea level. The adjacent mountains are Mount Sedgwick to the north and Mount Owen to the south.

The mountain was named by Charles Gould in 1863 after geologist Charles Lyell, a supporter of Charles Darwin.

Mount Lyell was also the common short name of the Mount Lyell Mining and Railway Company.
Order of the Durrani Empire
The Order of the Durrani Empire (Nishan-i-Daulat-i-Durrani) was awarded to British field officers and above during the First Afghan War by Shah Shujah Durrani of Afghanistan in gratitude for his restoration to the throne.

The first investiture of the order was held at a grand durbar in the courtyard of the Harem Serai of the Bala Hissar, Kabul, on the evening of 17 September 1839. At the time there were not enough decorations prepared but on the day those who were not on duty were presented before the king. The result was that there are numerous variations in the stars and medals as many were subsequently made in India and Europe, particularly in the number of pearls on the order.

There were three classes to the order as to emulate the three classes of the Order of the Bath. The first and second classes had both a star and a medal while the third consisted of a medal only. The medal of all three classes had the red/green ribbon of the Ghuznee Medal.

First Anglo-Afghan War
The First Anglo-Afghan War was fought between the British Empire and the Emirate of Kabul from 1838 to 1842. The British initially successfully invaded the country taking sides in a succession dispute between emir Dost Mohammad Khan (Barakzai) and former King Shah Shujah (Durrani), whom they reinstalled upon occupying Kabul in August 1839. The main British Indian force occupied Kabul and endured harsh winters. The force and its camp followers were almost completely massacred during its 1842 retreat from Kabul.

The British then sent what was widely termed an "Army of Retribution" to Kabul to avenge the destruction of the previous forces. After recovering prisoners, they left Afghanistan by the end of the year. Dost Mohammed returned from exile in India to resume his rule.

It was one of the first major conflicts during the Great Game, the 19th century competition for power and influence in Central Asia between Britain and Russia.
Otis R. Marston
Otis Reed "Dock" Marston (February 11, 1894 – August 30, 1979) was an American writer, historian and Grand Canyon river runner who participated in a large number of river-running firsts. Marston was the eighty-third person to successfully complete the water transit of the Grand Canyon. He spent the last thirty years of his life writing his magnum opus on the history of the first 100 Grand Canyon river runners. In researching his book, he amassed a vast collection of material on early river runners in the American Southwest, especially runners of the Green and Colorado Rivers. His collection is housed in the Huntington Library in San Marino, California.

Cataract Canyon
Cataract Canyon is a 46-mile-long (74 km) canyon of the Colorado River located within Canyonlands National Park and Glen Canyon National Recreation Area in southern Utah. It begins at Colorado's confluence with the Green River, and its downstream terminus is the confluence with the Dirty Devil River. The lower half of the canyon is submerged beneath Lake Powell when the lake is at its normal high water elevation of 3,700 feet (1,100 m).
Neodymium tantalate
Neodymium tantalate is an inorganic compound with the chemical formula NdTaO4. It is prepared by reacting neodymium oxide and tantalum pentoxide at 1200 °C. It reacts with a mixture of tantalum pentoxide and chlorine gas at high temperature to obtain Nd2Ta2O7Cl2. It is ammonolyzed at high temperature to obtain oxynitrides of Nd-Ta.

Tantalum pentoxide
Tantalum pentoxide, also known as tantalum(V) oxide, is the inorganic compound with the formula Ta2O5. It is a white solid that is insoluble in all solvents but is attacked by strong bases and hydrofluoric acid. Ta2O5 is an inert material with a high refractive index and low absorption (i.e. colourless), which makes it useful for coatings. It is also extensively used in the production of capacitors, due to its high dielectric constant.
Qatar Central Bank
The Qatar Central Bank (QCB, Arabic: مصرف قطر المركزي) is the central bank of Qatar.

Originally known as the Qatar Monetary Agency it was founded in 1973.

Over its history the Qatar Central Bank has increasingly worked in association with other, larger central banks to achieve a stable currency for the country, most recently and notably with the Monetary Authority of Singapore.

Monetary Authority of Singapore
The Monetary Authority of Singapore or (MAS), is the central bank and financial regulatory authority of Singapore. It administers the various statutes pertaining to money, banking, insurance, securities and the financial sector in general, as well as currency issuance and manages the foreign-exchange reserves. It was established in 1971 to act as the banker to and as a financial agent of the Government of Singapore. 
The body is duly accountable to the Parliament of Singapore through the Minister-in-charge, who is also the Incumbent Chairman of the central bank. In May 2025 the fund had US$629 billion in assets under management.
Van Norman Machine Tool Company
The Van Norman Machine Tool Company was an American machine tool builder from late in the 19th century until the mid-1980s. The company was based in Springfield, Massachusetts, USA. Its main areas of focus were milling machines and grinding machines. The company was acquired by Universal American Corporation during the early 1960s. Universal American later merged with Gulf and Western Industries.

Machine tool builder
A machine tool builder is a corporation or person that builds machine tools, usually for sale to manufacturers, who use them to manufacture products. A machine tool builder runs a machine factory, which is part of the machine industry.

The machine tools often make interchangeable parts, which are assembled into subassemblies or finished assemblies, ending up sold to consumers, either directly or through other businesses at intermediate links of a value-adding chain. Alternatively, the machine tools may help make molds or dies, which then make the parts for the assemblies.
Howrah Hooghly Warriors FC
Howrah Hooghly Warriors Football Club is an Indian professional football club representing the districts of Howrah and Hooghly in West Bengal. Founded in July 2025, the club competes in the Bengal Super League (BSL), the state's premier district-based franchise football competition organized by the Indian Football Association (IFA) in partnership with Shrachi Sports.

The club is coached by Mohun Bagan legend and record goalscorer José Barreto, marking his return to Bengal football.

Hooghly district
Hooghly district is one of the 23 districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. It can alternatively be spelt Hoogli. The headquarters of the district is Chuchura. The district is named after the Hooghly River and is located in the Burdwan division. There are four subdivisions of the district: Chinsurah Sadar, Serampore, Chandannagore, and Arambagh.
Ravinder Indraj Singh
Ravinder Indraj Singh (born 1975) is an Indian politician who is currently serving as a cabinet minister of Delhi. He was elected as a Member of the Legislative Assembly representing the Bharatiya Janata Party in the 8th Delhi Assembly from Bawana Assembly constituency in North Delhi district.

8th Delhi Assembly
The Eighth Delhi Legislative Assembly was constituted on 20 February 2025 after the 2025 Delhi Legislative Assembly elections were concluded earlier on 5 February 2025 and the results were announced on 8 February 2025. It is the legislative arm of the Government of Delhi.
2024 United States Senate election in Texas
The 2024 United States Senate election in Texas was held on November 5, 2024, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the state of Texas. Republican incumbent Ted Cruz won re-election to a third term, defeating Democratic challenger and U.S. Representative Colin Allred. The primary election took place on March 5, 2024, during Super Tuesday.

Early polling showed Cruz as a clear favorite, but polls closer to the election showed a closer race. Cruz ultimately outperformed polling and expectations and won re-election by 8.49%, improving on his 2018 margin by six points and flipping thirteen counties. Cruz won a slight majority of Hispanic and Latino voters in the election.

Stonewall Democrats
Stonewall Democrats, also known in some states as LGBT Democrats, is a caucus within the Democratic Party that advocates for issues that are relevant to LGBTQ Americans. The caucus primarily operates through individual chapters or political clubs supporting LGBTQ rights and affiliated with the Democratic Party.
Ymittos
Ymittos (Greek: Υμηττός, romanized: Ymittós) is a town and a suburb in the Athens urban area, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Dafni-Ymittos, of which it is a municipal unit. With a land area of 0.975 km2, it was the second-smallest municipality in Greece (after Nea Chalkidona) before 2011. It is situated 2.5 km southeast of the Acropolis of Athens. Ymittos has two high schools.

Nea Chalkidona
Nea Chalkidona (Greek: Νέα Χαλκηδόνα, meaning New Chalcedon) is a town and a suburb in the Athens agglomeration, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality Nea Filadelfeia-Nea Chalkidona, of which it is a municipal unit.

Nea Chalkidona is an inner suburb of Athens, located 5 km north of the city centre. Its built-up area is continuous with that of municipalities of Athens and the surrounding suburbs Agioi Anargyroi and Nea Filadelfeia. At 0.80 km2 it is the smallest municipal unit in the Athens metropolitan area. The A1 motorway (Athens–Thessaloniki–Evzonoi) and Greek National Road 1 pass through Nea Chalkidona. The nearest metro station is Ano Patisia metro station.
Mollicarpus
Mollicarpus is a fungal genus in the family Polyporaceae. It was circumscribed in 1984 by mycologist Walter Ginns to contain the species Mollicarpus cognatus. This fungus was first described by Miles Joseph Berkeley in 1877 as Trametes cognatus. Mollicarpus cognatus has short, broadly ellipsoid spores, and cyanophilous binding hyphae that are usually dextrinoid. These features are not present in members of the similar genus Coriolopsis. Mollicarpus cognatus is known only from southeast Asia, where it grows on rotting wood.

Coriolopsis
Coriolopsis is a genus of fungi in the family Polyporaceae. It was circumscribed by American mycologist William Alphonso Murrill in 1905. The genus is cosmopolitan, with most species in tropical areas. The generic name combines the name Coriolus with the Ancient Greek word ὄψις ("appearance").
Archdiocese of Cuenca
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cuenca (Latin: Archidioecesis Conchensis in Aequatore) is an archdiocese located in the city of Cuenca in Ecuador. Erected as the Diocese of Cuenca from territory of the Diocese of Quito on 1 July 1786, it was elevated to archdiocese status on 9 April 1957.

Archdiocese of Quito
The Roman Catholic Metropolitan Archdiocese of Quito is the Catholic archdiocese in the capital city of Ecuador, Quito. It was established as the Diocese of Quito on 8 January 1545, before being elevated to archdiocese level on January 13, 1848 by Pope Pius IX.
Sisi Rondina
Cherry Ann "Sisi" Quipanes Rondina (born September 4, 1996) is a Filipino indoor and beach volleyball player. She is currently playing for the Choco Mucho Flying Titans at the Premier Volleyball League.

She was a former member and captain of the UST Golden Tigresses volleyball team. She is a 4-time UAAP Beach Volleyball MVP and the UAAP Season 81 Women's Volleyball MVP and Athlete of the Year. She is a current member of the Philippines Women Beach Volleyball team.

UAAP Season 80
UAAP Season 80 was the 2017–18 athletic year of the University Athletic Association of the Philippines (UAAP) (UAAP). This season was hosted by the Far Eastern University.

The eight member universities of the UAAP competed in the league's 28 events from 15 sports to vie for the overall championship. This season's sports events included the inaugural 3-on-3 basketball as a demonstration sport held at FEU Manila.
Wisconsin's 24th Senate district
The 24th Senate district of Wisconsin is one of 33 districts in the Wisconsin Senate.  Located in west-central Wisconsin, the district comprises all of Jackson County, most of Juneau County, most of northern Adams County, eastern and northern Monroe County, southern Wood County, and central and southwest Portage County.  It contains the cities of Black River Falls, Stevens Point, Tomah, and Wisconsin Rapids, and the U.S. Army base Fort McCoy.

Jackson County, Wisconsin
Jackson County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,145. Its county seat is Black River Falls. Jackson County was formed from Crawford County in 1853. It was named for President Andrew Jackson.
Mirza melon
The Mirza melon, also known as the torpedo melon, Mirzachul melon, or gulabi melon, is a cultivar of sweet melon in the genus Cucumis native to Uzbekistan and Central Asia and introduced to California.

Cucumis
Cucumis is a genus of twining, tendril-bearing plants in the family Cucurbitaceae which includes the cucumber (Cucumis sativus), true melons (Cucumis melo, including cantaloupe and  honeydew), the horned melon (Cucumis metuliferus), and the West Indian gherkin (Cucumis anguria).

30 species occur in Africa, and 25 occur in India, Southeast Asia, and Australia. However, Cucumis myriocarpus was introduced to Australia from Sub-Saharan Africa, and is regarded as an invasive species.
Michael A. Kimelman
Michael A. Kimelman is an American entrepreneur, former trader, author, business coach, financial consultant and motivational speaker.

On 9 November 2009, Kimelman was arrested by the FBI on the charges of "conspiracy to commit insider trading" related to the Galleon Group hedge fund fraud organized by Raj Rajaratnam. He stood two-week trial in the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York. During the trial, Kimelman was offered a plea bargain by the U.S. Attorney Preet Bharara but rejected the proposal and was found guilty of "being a part of an insider trading scheme". On 12 October 2011, Kimelman was sentenced to two and a half years and served 21 months at the minimum security Lewisburg Federal Prison in Pennsylvania.

In 2017, Kimelman published the memoir Confessions of a Wall Street Insider, where he revealed a lot of insider details on the Wall Street lifestyle as well as disorganized U.S. Penitentiary System.

White-collar crime
The term "white-collar crime" refers to financially motivated, nonviolent or non-directly violent crime committed by individuals,  businesses and government professionals. The crimes are believed to be committed by middle- or upper-class individuals for financial gains.  It was first defined by the sociologist Edwin Sutherland in 1939 as "a crime committed by a person of respectability and high social status in the course of their occupation". Typical white-collar crimes could include wage theft, fraud, bribery, Ponzi schemes, insider trading, labor racketeering, embezzlement, cybercrime, copyright infringement, money laundering, identity theft, and forgery. White-collar crime overlaps with corporate crime.
Nakagyō-ku, Kyoto
Nakagyō-ku (中京区) is one of the eleven wards in the city of Kyoto, in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan. Its name means "central capital ward."

As of 2021, the ward has an estimated population of 109,629 people. Tourism, shopping, and entertainment are the primary sources of income in the area. The Kamo River flows through the district in the area known as Kawaramachi. The three most famous festivals of Kyoto, the Aoi Matsuri, the Gion Matsuri, and the Jidai Matsuri can all be seen in Nakagyō-ku. It is also home to several historical places and temples.

Wards of Kyoto
The city of Kyoto in Kyoto Prefecture, Japan has eleven wards.

Unlike the 23 special wards of Tokyo, the wards of Kyoto are not separate municipalities, they are divisions just for municipal administration. Together, they comprise the city of Kyoto, under a single mayor and city council.
Tuma Tiao
Tuma Tiao is one of the primary singing tunes in Taiwanese opera, originating from the Tsasui Tiao and developed by Shao Chiang-hai by combining elements of folk opera singing and melody modification. It was introduced to Taiwan in 1948 by the Xiamen Tuma Opera Troupe and subsequently became known as Tuma Tiao. Because of its slow tempo, this tune is commonly used in narrative, lyrical, expressive, and recreation scenes. Its pleasant and captivating melodies have made it popular among Taiwanese opera performers and widely adapted in performances.

Taiwanese opera
Taiwanese opera (Chinese: 歌仔戲; pinyin: gēzǎixì; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koa-á-hì; lit. 'Song Drama'), commonly known as Ke-Tse opera or Hokkien opera, is a form of traditional drama originating in Taiwan. Taiwanese opera uses a stylised combination of both the literary and colloquial registers of Taiwanese Hokkien. Its earliest form adopted elements of folk songs from Zhangzhou, Fujian, China. The plots are traditionally drawn from folk tales of the southern Fujian region and Chinese historical legends stories, though in recent years stories are increasingly set in Taiwan itself. Taiwanese opera was later exported to other Hokkien-speaking areas, such as Singapore, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Fujian, China.

Taiwanese opera is considered as the embodiment of Taiwanese history and tradition because the political identity crisis of Taiwan shaped its development.
Durham Miners' Gala
The Durham Miners' Gala is a large annual gathering and labour festival held on the second Saturday in July in the city of Durham, England. It is associated with the coal mining heritage (and particularly that of miners' trade unionism) of the Durham Coalfield, which stretched throughout the traditional County of Durham. It is also locally called "The Big Meeting" or "Durham Big Meeting". In the context of the Durham Miners' Gala, "gala" is usually pronounced /ˈgeɪlə/ rather than the more common pronunciation /ˈgɑːlə/.

Its highlight consists of a parade of banners, each typically accompanied by a brass band, which are marched to the old Racecourse, where political speeches are delivered. In the afternoon a miners' service is held in Durham Cathedral, which may include the blessing of any new banners.

Durham Coalfield
The Durham Coalfield is a coalfield in north-east England. It is continuous with the Northumberland Coalfield to its north. It extends from Bishop Auckland in the south to the boundary with the county of Northumberland along the River Tyne in the north, beyond which is the Northumberland Coalfield.

The two contiguous coalfield areas were often referred to as the Durham and Northumberland Coalfield(s) or as the Great Northern Coalfield.
2006 Berlin Thunder season
The 2006 Berlin Thunder season was the eighth season for the franchise in the NFL Europe League (NFLEL). The team was led by head coach Rick Lantz in his third year, and played its home games at Olympic Stadium and Jahn-Sportpark in Berlin, Germany. They finished the regular season in sixth place with a record of two wins, seven losses and one tie.

Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark
The Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark is a multi-purpose sports complex located in the  western part of the locality of Prenzlauer Berg in the borough of Pankow in Berlin. The sports complex covers an area of approximately 22 hectares and comprises several facilities. The main building is the Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Stadion. The stadium is the third-largest stadium in Berlin, after the Olympiastadion and the Stadion An der Alten Försterei, with a capacity of approximately 20,000 seats, of which 15,000 are covered. The most recent main tenants of the stadium have been VSG Altglienicke and Berlin Thunder. Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Sportpark was the venue for the 2018 World Para Athletics European Championships. The large stadium is planned for a complete redevelopment. Demolition of the stadium began on 8 October 2024.
Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (January–June 2021)
This article documents the chronology and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia during the first half of 2021.

Thrombocytopenia
In hematology, thrombocytopenia is a condition characterized by abnormally low levels of platelets (also known as thrombocytes) in the blood. Low levels of platelets in turn may lead to prolonged or excessive bleeding.  It is the most common coagulation disorder among intensive care patients and is seen in a fifth of medical patients and a third of surgical patients.

A normal human platelet count ranges from 150,000 to 450,000 platelets/microliter (μL) of blood. Values outside this range do not necessarily indicate disease. One common definition of thrombocytopenia requiring emergency treatment is a platelet count below 50,000/μL. Thrombocytopenia can be contrasted with the conditions associated with an abnormally high level of platelets in the blood – thrombocythemia (when the cause is unknown), and thrombocytosis (when the cause is known).