hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transarmament
Transarmament (closely related to civilian-based defense) is the partial or total replacement of armed forces with the physical and social infrastructure to support nonviolent resistance. Gene Sharp defined transarmament as "the process of changeover from a military-based defense policy to a civilian-based defense policy." Unlike disarmament, "transarmament always involves the replacement of one means to provide defense with another" instead of the "simple reduction or abandonment of military capacity."

Civilian-based defense
Civilian-based defense or social defence describes non-military action by a society or social group, particularly in a context of a sustained campaign against outside attack or dictatorial rule – or preparations for such a campaign in the event of external attack or usurpation. There are various near-synonyms, including "non-violent defence", "civilian defence" and "defence by civil resistance". Whatever term is used, this approach involves preparations for and use of a range of actions – which can be variously called nonviolent resistance and civil resistance – for national defence against invasion, coup d'état and other threats.

Writings about this concept include works by Brigadier General Edward B. Atkeson, Erica Chenoweth (U.S.) and Maria Stephan (U.S.), Theodor Ebert (Germany), Brian Martin (Australia), Adam Roberts (UK), Gene Sharp (U.S.), Heinz Vetschera (Austria), and others.
Hoplolatilus fourmanoiri
Hoplolatilus fourmanoiri, commonly known as the yellow-spotted tilefish, is a species of marine ray-finned fish, a tilefish belonging to the family Malacanthidae.

Some authors consider Hoplolatilus luteus a junior synonym of Hoplolatilus fourmanoiri, based upon morphological and molecular data.

Tilefish
Tilefishes or sand tilefishes are mostly small percomorph marine fish comprising the family Malacanthidae. They are usually found in sandy, shallow areas, especially near coral reefs. Exceptionally colorful species of tilefish are favored for aquariums.
Yehuda Leib Ginsburg
Yehuda Leib Ginsburg (1888–1946) was a posek and Talmudic scholar in Yaroslavl, Russia, and later in Denver, CO, in the early 20th century. He is most well known for his commentary on the Mishna which he entitled Musar HaMishna, as well as his commentary on the early prophets, titled Musar Hanevim. He also wrote a commentary on the Torah called Yalkut Yehuda and a smaller volume about the essence of Shabbat called Keter HaShabbat. Throughout his works he consistently mines the ethical values found within what seems to be dry legal code. Despite his brilliance Rabbi Ginsburg was known in Denver as being easily approachable and for the warmth he showed to all whom he encountered. He served as the president of the Denver Council of Orthodox Rabbis and was an executive board member for the National Mizrachi and the Union of Orthodox Rabbis. He was also an active member of the Vaad Hatzala Board of Directors.

Yaroslavl
Yaroslavl (/ˌjærəˈslævəl/; Russian: Ярославль, IPA: [jɪrɐˈsɫavlʲ]) is a city and the administrative center of Yaroslavl Oblast, Russia, located 250 kilometers (160 mi) northeast of Moscow. The historic part of the city is a World Heritage Site, and is located at the confluence of the Volga and the Kotorosl rivers. It is part of the Golden Ring, a group of historic cities northeast of Moscow that have played an important role in Russian history. The population of the city at the 2021 census was 577,279.
Ceremony (Deftones song)
"Ceremony" is a song by the American alternative metal band Deftones. It was released on January 26, 2021, by Reprise Records as the third single from their ninth studio album, Ohms (2020). The track has been described as featuring distorted and palm-muted guitar with "pneumatically pulverizing" riffs, supported by dub-inspired drums and a shifting vocal performance from the frontman Chino Moreno. "Ceremony" peaked at number nine on the Billboard Mainstream Rock chart. A music video for the song, directed by the filmmaker Leigh Whannell and starring the actress Cleopatra Coleman, was released on April 21, 2021, and received attention for its dark, cinematic style.

Cleopatra Coleman
Cleopatra Coleman (born 29 October 1987) is an Australian actress most notable for her role as Erica Dundee in the  Fox comedy series The Last Man on Earth (2015–2018). Other credits include Silversun (2004), Neighbours (2006–2007), The Elephant Princess (2008–2009), Step Up Revolution (2012), White Famous (2017), In the Shadow of the Moon (2019), Now Apocalypse (2019), Dopesick (2021), Infinity Pool and Cobweb (2023), Clipped (2024), and Black Rabbit (2025).
1961 Ireland rugby union tour of South Africa
1961 Ireland rugby union tour of South Africa. Between 1906 and 1960 South Africa had played Ireland on five occasions. However all of these games had been played in Ireland. In 1960 South Africa had beaten Ireland 8–3 at Lansdowne Road. The following year Ireland embarked on their first tour of South Africa. Among the touring party was Tony O'Reilly who had previously toured South Africa with the British Lions in 1955. The tour began with a full international at Newlands Stadium which Ireland lost 24–8. Tom Kiernan scored all of Ireland's points with a try, a conversion and a penalty. Four members of this touring party – Niall Brophy, Tom Kiernan, Syd Millar and Bill Mulcahy – would return to South Africa with the British Lions in 1962. Kiernan, Millar and Ronnie Dawson, as a coach, would also return with the Lions in 1968.

1962 British Lions tour to South Africa
In 1962 the British Lions rugby union team toured Southern and Eastern Africa. Overall the tourists played twenty-five matches, winning sixteen, losing five and drawing four.

The Lions were unsuccessful in the test series against South Africa, losing by three matches to nil with one match drawn. The first three tests were close; the first match was drawn 3–3 and South Africa won the second 3–0 and the third 8–3. The fourth test resulted in a bigger win for South Africa, 34–14.

The tour included games against Rhodesia (which would become Zimbabwe), South West Africa (future Namibia, then part of South Africa) and East Africa in Kenya; winning all three.  The Lions won all their non-international matches except for those against Northern Transvaal and Eastern Transvaal.

The touring party was captained by Arthur Smith. The manager was Brian Vaughan and the assistant manager was Harry McKibbin.
Col de Macuègne
The Col de Macuègne (1,068 m (3,504 ft)) is a mountain pass located in the Dauphiné Prealps, on the northern slopes of Mont Ventoux between  Montbrun-les-Bains and  Séderon in the Drôme department of France.  The road over the col is used occasionally by the Tour de France cycle race with the tour crossing the pass on Stage 16 of the 2013 Tour.

Montbrun-les-Bains
Montbrun-les-Bains (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃bʁœ̃ le bɛ̃]; Occitan: Montbrun) is a commune in the Drôme department in southeastern France. It is a member of Les Plus Beaux Villages de France (The Most Beautiful Villages of France) Association.

The commune is well known for its spa treatments for managing respiratory disease and other medical disorders. The village is also very popular with cyclists, with cycle routes leading to the popular Mont Ventoux.
1855 Cardigan Boroughs by-election
The 1855 Cardigan Boroughs by-election was fought in February 1855.  The by-election arose because of the death of the incumbent Liberal MP, Pryse Loveden.  It was won by the Conservative candidate John Lloyd Davies. Davies defeated the Liberal candidate, John Evans, former MP for Haverfordwest.

Pryse Loveden
Pryse Pryse (1815–1855), also known as Pryse Loveden, was a British Liberal politician. He served as MP for Cardigan Boroughs from 1849 until his death in 1855.

Pryse's father, Pryse Pryse (1774–1849) had served as MP for Cardigan Boroughs for over thirty years. He died at an early age of 40 in 1855.
Never Be Alone (Becky Hill and Sonny Fodera song)
"Never Be Alone" is a song by British singer-songwriter Becky Hill and Australian electronic producer Sonny Fodera. It was released on 19 January 2024 through Polydor Records as the third single from her second studio album, Believe Me Now?.

The song peaked at number twenty-three on the UK Singles Chart, becoming Hill's nineteenth and Fodera's second top-forty single respectively.

Sonny Fodera
Sonny Fodera is an Australian house music DJ and producer based in London, England. Known for his vocal-driven, pop-forward songs, Fodera has released 5 albums.

He has collaborated with and remixed artists such as Calvin Harris, Glass Animals, MK, Green Velvet, Diplo, Sinéad Harnett, and Ella Eyre.
Stenaelurillus senegalensis
Stenaelurillus senegalensis is  a species of jumping spider in the genus Stenaelurillus that lives in Senegal. Named after the country where it was first found, it was first described in 2018 by Dmitri Logunov and Galina Azarkina. The spider is small, with a carapace between 1.7 and 2.5 mm (0.067 and 0.098 in) long and abdomen between 1.6 and 3.45 mm (0.063 and 0.136 in) long, although the female is larger than the male. The carapace is hairy, brown and has two white stripes. The abdomen differs between the male and female. The male has a pattern of yellow spots and a brown stripe. The female has a cross of yellow stripe and two brown stripes. The male has a bulging palpal bulb while the female has a flat epigyne with widely separated and backward-facing copulatory openings. It is similar to Stenaelurillus nigricaudus, also found in the country, but can be distinguished by the design of its long straight embolus and the lack of pockets in the epigyne.

Epigyne
The epigyne or epigynum is the external genital structure of female spiders. As the epigyne varies greatly in form in different species, even in closely related ones, it often provides the most distinctive characteristic for recognizing species. It consists of a small, hardened portion of the exoskeleton located on the underside of the abdomen, in front of the epigastric furrow and between the epigastric plates.
Motos
Motos (モトス, Motosu) is an action video game released for arcades by Namco in 1985. It runs on Namco Super Pac-Man hardware but with a video system like that used in Mappy, The Tower of Druaga, Grobda (without the DAC) and Dig Dug II.

Dig Dug II
Dig Dug II is a 1985 action video game developed and published by Namco for Japanese arcades. It is a sequel to 1982's Dig Dug. Pookas and fire-breathing Fygars return as the enemies, but the side view tunneling of the original is replaced with an overhead view of an island maze.
Ryan Silvey
Ryan Silvey (born April 17, 1976) is a former Republican member of the Missouri Senate and currently serves on the Missouri Public Service Commission. He represented the 17th district in the Missouri Senate, which includes part of Clay County, from 2013 until his resignation January 4, 2018.

Missouri Public Service Commission
The Missouri Public Service Commission (PSC) regulates investor-owned telephone, electric, natural gas, steam, water, and sewer utilities in the state of Missouri, as well as regulating manufacturer and retail sales of new and used manufactured homes and modular units.

The PSC commissioners are appointed by the Governor of Missouri. The current commissioners, as of 2025, are Chairman Kayla Hahn, Maida J. Coleman, Glen Kolkmeyer, and John P. Mitchell.
Zahir Uddin Swapan
Zahir Uddin Swapon (জহির উদ্দিন স্বপন; born 29 June 1960) is a Bangladeshi politician who is currently serving as the Minister of Information and Broadcasting in the nineteenth cabinet of Bangladesh. He is also serving as the member of parliament for Barishal‑1 (Gournadi–Agailjhara) in the 13th Jatiya Sangsad.

As a member of the Bangladesh Nationalist Party (BNP), he represented Barishal‑1 earlier in the 6th and 8th parliaments (1996 and 2001) and served as a senior media and research official in the party where he was the founding convenor of BNP Media Cell.

Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (Bangladesh)
The Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (Bengali: তথ্য ও সম্প্রচার মন্ত্রণালয়) (abbreviated as MoIB) is a branch of the Government of Bangladesh and is the apex body for formulation and administration of the rules and regulations and laws relating to information, broadcasting, the press and films in Bangladesh. It is responsible for releasing government information, media galleries, public domain and government unclassified non-scientific data to the public and international communities.
Charminar (2013 film)
Charminar is a 2013 Kannada romantic drama film written, directed and produced by R. Chandru, featuring Prem and Meghana Gaonkar in the lead roles. The film deals with the life of a man in comparison with the famous monument Charminar in Hyderabad, that symbolises four important pillars: family, guru, friends and lover.

Charminar was produced by R. Chandru films and the soundtrack composed by newcomer Hari, former guitarist based out of Hyderabad. In 2015, the film was remade in Telugu by the same director as Krishnamma Kalipindi Iddarini. The director has claimed the 2018 Tamil movie 96 (as well as its 2019 Kannada remake and 2020 Telugu remake) have similarities with this movie.

99 (2019 film)
99 is a 2019 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film directed by Preetham Gubbi and produced by Ramu. The film stars Ganesh and Bhavana. It was released on 1 May 2019. In spite of being a remake of the 2018 Tamil film 96, the film was dubbed in Tamil as 99.
Miguel Vítor
Miguel Ângelo Leonardo Vítor (Hebrew: מיגל אנז'לו לאונרדו ויטור; born 30 June 1989) is a professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Israeli Premier League club Hapoel Be'er Sheva, where he is also captain.

He spent most of his career with Benfica (mostly as backup), PAOK and Hapoel Be'er Sheva. At the latter club, he made more than 275 competitive appearances and won several honours, including the 2016–17 and 2017–18 editions of the Israeli Premier League.

Born in Portugal, Vítor represented Portugal at youth level before switching his allegiance to Israel in 2022.

2016–17 Israeli Premier League
The 2016–17 Israeli Premier League was the eighteenth season since its introduction in 1999 and the 75th season of top-tier football in Israel. It began on 20 August 2016 and ended on 20 May 2017.

Hapoel Be'er Sheva won a back-to-back title, finishing 13 points ahead of Maccabi Tel Aviv.
17th Quebec Legislature
The 17th Quebec Legislature was the provincial legislature that existed in Quebec, Canada from May 16, 1927, to July 30, 1931. The Liberal Party, led by Louis-Alexandre Taschereau as Premier of Quebec had a majority of seats in the Legislative Assembly of Quebec and was the governing party.

Quebec Liberal Party
The Quebec Liberal Party (QLP; French: Parti libéral du Québec [paʁti libeʁal dy kebɛk], PLQ) is a provincial political party in Quebec. It has been independent of the federal Liberal Party of Canada since 1955.

The QLP has traditionally supported a form of Quebec federalist ideology with nuanced Canadian nationalist tones that supports Quebec remaining within the Canadian federation, while also supporting reforms that would allow substantial autonomism in Quebec. In the context of federal Canadian politics, it is a more centrist party when compared to Conservative and Liberal parties in other provinces, such as the former British Columbia Liberal Party.
Ben Aaron
Benjamin Aron Colonomos (born September 10, 1981) is a New York City-based media personality formerly for NBCUniversal's LXTV and WNBC's New York Live, and for the nationally syndicated Crazy Talk television series. From 2017 to 2019, he co-hosted the nationally syndicated TV talk show Pickler & Ben with country artist Kellie Pickler. As of the start of 2020, he is a features reporter for the PIX11 Morning News on WPIX-TV in New York.

WNBC
WNBC (channel 4) is a television station in New York City. It is the flagship station of the NBC television network, owned and operated through its NBC Owned Television Stations division. Under common ownership with Linden, New Jersey–licensed Telemundo outlet WNJU (channel 47), the two stations share studios and offices at 30 Rockefeller Plaza in Midtown Manhattan, co-located with NBC's corporate headquarters, and broadcast from the same transmitter at One World Trade Center; WNJU's facilities in Fort Lee, New Jersey, also serve as WNBC's New Jersey news bureau.

WNBC holds the distinction of being the oldest continuously operating commercial television station in the United States.
Buffalo Creek (Blackwater River tributary)
Buffalo Creek is a stream in northern Pettis and southern Saline counties in the U.S. state of Missouri. It is a tributary of Blackwater River.

The stream headwaters arise in northern Pettis County southeast of Houstonia and it flows north past the east side of Houstonia to enter the Blackwater River just north of the Pettis-Saline county line.

Buffalo Creek was so named due to reports of buffalo in the area.

Blackwater River (Missouri)
The Blackwater River is a 79.3-mile-long (127.6 km) tributary of the Lamine River in west-central Missouri in the United States.  Via the Lamine and Missouri rivers, it is part of the watershed of the Mississippi River. The Blackwater River was named from the character of its banks and water.
Levi Hubbell
Levi Hubbell (April 15, 1808 – December 8, 1876) was an American lawyer, judge, and politician.  He was the first Wisconsin state official to be impeached by the Wisconsin State Assembly in his role as Wisconsin circuit court judge for the 2nd circuit.  He was also Chief Justice of the Wisconsin Supreme Court prior to the 1852 law which organized a separate Supreme Court, and he later became the first United States Attorney for the Eastern District of Wisconsin.  He served one term each in the Wisconsin State Assembly and New York State Assembly.

Wisconsin Supreme Court
The Wisconsin Supreme Court is the highest and final court of appeals in the state judicial system of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. In addition to hearing appeals of lower Wisconsin court decisions, the Wisconsin Supreme Court also has the option to take original jurisdiction of cases, and serves as a regulator and administrator of judicial conduct and the practice of law in Wisconsin.

Justices on the Wisconsin Supreme Court are elected. The two most recent elections (2023 and 2025) received national attention. They both broke records for the most expensive judicial elections in U.S. history.
César Alvarez
César Alvarez (born 1980) is an American composer, lyricist and playwright. César is best known for the musical FUTURITY which they wrote with their band The Lisps. FUTURITY won the Lucille Lortel Award for Outstanding Musical in 2016.

Alvarez is an assistant professor of music at Dartmouth College.

Lucille Lortel Awards
The Lucille Lortel Awards recognize excellence in New York Off-Broadway theatre. The Awards are named for Lucille Lortel, an actress and theater producer, and have been awarded since 1986. They are produced by the League of Off-Broadway Theatres and Producers by special arrangement with the Lucille Lortel Foundation, with additional support from the Theatre Development Fund.

Other awards for off-Broadway theatre (although not necessarily exclusive to off-Broadway theatre) include the Drama League Award, Outer Critics Circle Awards, Drama Desk Awards and the Obie Awards, as well as the Henry Hewes Design Awards presented by the American Theatre Wing.
Anne Preven
Anne Preven (born February 25, 1965) is an American songwriter, music publisher, and record producer. As a member of the alternative rock band Ednaswap, she co-wrote "Torn" which was covered by Lis Sørensen (Danish), Trine Rein (Norwegian), and Natalie Imbruglia (Australian). The latter's version became a worldwide number one airplay hit, spending 11 weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 Airplay Chart in the US. "Torn" has sold an estimated four million copies, received platinum certification in three countries, and was declared the "number one radio single of the 1990s" by radio personality Rick Dees. As a songwriter, Preven has written for prominent music industry artists including Madonna, Beyoncé, Katy Perry, Sinéad O'Connor, Miley Cyrus, Demi Lovato, Jordin Sparks, Zac Brown Band, Pnau, Andy Grammer, Lea Michele, Pixie Lott, and Westlife.

Lis Sørensen
Lis Sørensen (born 28 May 1955) is a Danish pop/rock singer and songwriter. In the 1970s, she worked with Anne Linnet in Shit & Chanel, and they continued in the 1980s with Anne Linnet Band. In 1983, Lis Sørensen released her first solo album. She is also known for being the first artist to record Ednaswap's "Torn", which was renamed "Brændt" (Danish for "Burned"). The song was later made famous by Natalie Imbruglia and Trine Rein.

Lis Sørensen is the mother of Danish songwriter and music producer Sly.
Ceuthophilus maculatus
Ceuthophilus maculatus, the spotted camel cricket, is a species of camel cricket in the family Rhaphidophoridae. It is found in North America. Ceuthophilus maculatus is a humped, wingless cricket, 10-19 mm long, with antennae as long as or longer than its body. Unlike other crickets, males do not make noise. Coloration is glossy, dark brown, and spotted with yellowish-brown to reddish-brown on the thorax and hind legs. It is nocturnal, living in dark places under rocks, soil, logs, or bark. This species is omnivorous, eating fungi, roots, foliage, fruits, and other insects.

Rhaphidophoridae
The orthopteran family Rhaphidophoridae of the suborder Ensifera has a worldwide distribution. Common names for these insects include cave crickets, camel crickets, spider crickets (sometimes shortened to "criders" or "sprickets"), and sand treaders. Those occurring in New Zealand are typically referred to as jumping or cave wētā. Most are found in forest environments or within caves, animal burrows, cellars, under stones, or in wood or  similar environments. All species are flightless and nocturnal, usually with long antennae and legs. More than 500 species of Rhaphidophoridae are described.

The well-known field crickets are from a different superfamily (Grylloidea) and only look vaguely similar, while members of the family Tettigoniidae may look superficially similar in body form.
Pedigree Petfoods and Heinz extortion campaign
The Pedigree Petfoods and Heinz extortion campaign, also known as the Pedigree Chum dog food and Heinz extortion campaign, was an extortion attempt against Pedigree Petfoods and Heinz, during which an extortionist contaminated tins of dog and baby food. Pedigree was advised by police to pay limited sums to the extortionist, while ATMs were put under surveillance. Heinz lost millions in sales and eventually offered a £100,000 reward for clues, which the extortionist attempted to collect. However, he was arrested at an ATM while trying to cash the reward, where police discovered the extortionist was former Metropolitan Police Detective Sergeant Rodney Whitchelo.

Whitchelo was found guilty on six counts of blackmail, two counts each of contaminating food products and attempting to obtain property by deception, as well as one count of making a threat to kill, and was sentenced to 17 years of imprisonment.

Pedigree Petfoods
Pedigree Petfoods is a British company specializing in pet food. It is a subsidiary of Mars Petcare, a division of the American group Mars, Inc.. The company has factories in England at Melton Mowbray and Birstall, Leeds; and offices at McLean, Virginia.