hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis
Xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis is an anaerobic, Gram negative, rod-shaped bacteria that can affect walnut trees though the flowers, buds, shoots, branches, trunk, and fruit. It can have devastating effects including premature fruit drop and lesions on the plant.  This pathogen was first isolated by Newton B. Pierce in California in 1896 and was then named Pseudomonas juglandis. In 1905 it was reclassified as Bacterium juglandis, in 1930 it became Phytomas juglandis, and in 1939 it was named Xanthomas juglandis. The International Standards for Naming Pathovars declared it to be named Xanthomonas campestris pv. juglandis in 1980.  There have been recent proposals to change the name once again to Xanthomonas arboricola pv. juglandis, but this has not yet been universally accepted.

Pathovar
A pathovar is a bacterial strain or set of strains with the same or similar characteristics, that is differentiated at infrasubspecific level from other strains of the same species or subspecies on the basis of distinctive pathogenicity to one or more plant hosts.

Pathovars are named as a ternary or quaternary addition to the species binomial name, for example the bacterium that causes citrus canker Xanthomonas axonopodis, has several pathovars with different host ranges,  X. axonopodis pv. citri is one of them; the abbreviation 'pv.' means pathovar.

The type strains of pathovars are pathotypes, which are distinguished from the types (holotype, neotype, etc.) of the species to which the pathovar belongs.
Aubrey Mokoena
Aubrey Dundubela Mokoena (12 April 1948 – 12 July 2021) was a South African politician and former anti-apartheid activist. He represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 2014, excepting a brief hiatus in 2009. He served the Gauteng constituency and chaired the Portfolio Committee on Home Affairs from 1999 to 2002.

Born in Soweto, Mokoena rose to prominence during apartheid as a Black Consciousness activist at Turfloop, where he was a leader in the South African Students' Organisation and student representative council during the student protests of 1972. During the 1980s, he became involved in the United Democratic Front of the Southern Transvaal, in which capacity he was a leading member of the Release Mandela campaign and Winnie Mandela Crisis Committee. He was also a defendant in the Pietermaritzburg Treason Trial of 1985.

Portfolio Committee on Home Affairs
The Portfolio Committee on Home Affairs is a portfolio committee of the National Assembly in the Parliament of South Africa. The remit of the committee includes oversight of the Department of Home Affairs, the Government Printing Works, and the Electoral Commission of South Africa.
Drakes Creek (Barren River tributary)
Drakes Creek is a stream in Warren County, Kentucky, in the United States. It is a tributary of the Barren River. Drakes Creek, as measured at Alvaton, has a mean annual discharge of 768 cubic feet per second. Drakes Creek was named for a white pioneer named Drake who narrowly escaped with his life an attack by Indians. The Shaker community of South Union, Kentucky, attempted a settlement along the creek, some 16 miles from their main village, in 1817, but the effort was abandoned in 1829.

Barren River
The Barren River is a 135-mile-long (217 km) river in Southcentral Kentucky, United States, and a tributary of the Green River. The watershed of the Green River is the largest of the twelve major river watersheds in Kentucky. The Barren River rises near the Tennessee border in Monroe County and flows into the Green in northeast Warren County. The drainage basin consists of Southcentral Kentucky and north-central Tennessee.

Historically, this waterway was depicted as the “Big Barren River” in early surveys and documents to distinguish it from the Little Barren River.

At Greencastle, Kentucky, the river has a mean annual discharge of 2,501 cubic feet per second.
St Thomas' Church, Landerneau
St Thomas' Church (French: Église Saint-Thomas-de-Cantorbéry) is located at Landerneau in the arrondissement of Brest in Brittany in north-western France. The church, dedicated to Saint Thomas of Canterbury, was built between 1607 and 1669. The church is a listed historical monument since 1932.

Thomas Becket
Thomas Becket (/ˈbɛkɪt/ ⓘ), also known as Saint Thomas of Canterbury, Thomas of London and later Thomas à Becket (21 December 1119 or 1120 – 29 December 1170), was an English cleric and statesman who served as Lord Chancellor from 1155 to 1162, and then as Archbishop of Canterbury from 1162 until his death in 1170. He is known for his conflict with King Henry II over the rights and privileges of the Church and was murdered by followers of the king in Canterbury Cathedral. He was canonised by Pope Alexander III two years after his death. He is venerated as a saint and martyr by the Catholic Church and the Anglican Communion.
Here Come the Brides (album)
Here Come the Brides is the debut album by Brides of Destruction released via Sanctuary Records on March 9, 2004. It is their most successful album being the only one to have a charting on the Billboard 200, it is also the only album that features bassist Nikki Sixx who would leave the band to rejoin Mötley Crüe for their reunion tour in 2005, and also the only album to feature John Corabi.
The album's only single, "Shut The Fuck Up" failed to chart due to little airplay. "Only Get So Far" was originally written by Nikki Sixx for Tim McGraw and Faith Hill.

Sanctuary Records
Sanctuary Records Group Limited was a record label based in the United Kingdom and is, as of 2013, a subsidiary of BMG Rights Management solely for reissues. Until June 2007, it was the largest independent record label in the UK and the largest music management company in the world. It was also the world's largest independent owner of music intellectual property rights, with over 160,000 songs.
Pulau Betong (state constituency)
Pulau Betong is a state constituency in Penang, Malaysia, that has been represented in the Penang State Legislative Assembly since 2004. It covers a part of the western half of Penang Island that includes the town of Balik Pulau.

The state constituency was first contested in 2004 and is mandated to return a single Assemblyman to the Penang State Legislative Assembly under the first-past-the-post voting system. Since 2023, the State Assemblyman for Pulau Betong is Mohamad Shukor Zakariah from PAS.

Balik Pulau
Balik Pulau is a suburb of George Town within the Malaysian state of Penang. Located 12.7 km (7.9 mi) southwest of the city centre, it lies near the southwestern corner of Penang Island and is also the administrative seat of the island's Southwest district.

Balik Pulau was established in 1794 as an agricultural village by the British East India Company. To this day, the economy of Balik Pulau still relies heavily on agriculture; Penang's most famous produce, including nutmegs, cloves and durians, are grown and harvested around the suburb. While Balik Pulau is generally seen as quieter in comparison to the bustling city centre on the other side of the island, urbanisation has also reached the suburb in recent years, with more residential developments being planned within the area.
Make It Three
Make It Three is a 1938 British comedy film directed by David MacDonald and starring Hugh Wakefield, Edmund Willard and Diana Beaumont. The screenplay concerns a bank clerk who is left a very large inheritance on condition that he first serve three months in prison. It was the last film produced by Julius Hagen who had owned Twickenham Studios. The film was a quota quickie, made for release by MGM.

Hugh Wakefield
Hugh Wakefield (10 November 1888 – 5 December 1971) was an English film actor, who played supporting roles. He was often seen wearing a monocle.

Hugh Claude Wakefield was born in Wanstead, Essex. He also had a distinguished stage career, which began at the age of 11. City of Song (1931) was his first film. After completing 1954's The Million Pound Note, Wakefield retired from film acting. He died 5 December 1971 in London aged 83.
Gustav Kastner-Kirdorf
Gustav Kastner-Kirdorf (2 February 1881 – 4 May 1945) was a German professional military officer who served in the Royal Prussian Army and, after training as a pilot, fought in the First World War in the Luftstreitkräfte in both command and staff positions. During the interwar years, he helped to establish Luftwaffe in violation of the terms of the Versailles Treaty and served as the head of its personnel office from 1939 to 1943. He attained the rank of General der Flieger during the Second World War and died by suicide in the closing days of the war.

Luftstreitkräfte
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte (German: [ˈdɔʏtʃə ˈlʊftˌʃtʁaɪtkʁɛftə], German Air Combat Forces) – known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches (The Imperial German Air Service, lit. "The flying troops of the German Imperial Realm") – was the air arm of the Imperial German Army. In English-language sources it is usually referred to as the Imperial German Air Service, although that is not a literal translation of either name. German naval aviators of the Marine-Fliegerabteilung were an integral part of the Imperial German Navy (Kaiserliche Marine). Both military branches operated aeroplanes, observation balloons and airships.
Angel Face (1953 film)
Angel Face is a 1953 American film noir directed by Otto Preminger, starring Robert Mitchum and Jean Simmons, and featuring Leon Ames and Barbara O'Neil.

Angel Face was produced under a tight 18-day schedule beginning in June 1952, with a budget under $1 million. Preminger, reportedly hired by Howard Hughes to pressure Simmons over contract disputes, clashed with both Simmons and Mitchum while filming on location in Beverly Hills, California. During one scene, Mitchum famously slapped Preminger after repeated takes. Despite on-set conflicts, Simmons later recalled enjoying the production. The film was released on February 11, 1953. Critics praised the film's stylistic rigor and psychological depth. Alain Silver highlighted its exploration of destructive sexuality through Preminger's visual composition and Mitchum's performance. Jean-Luc Godard ranked it among the top American sound films.

Leon Ames
Leon Ames (born Harry Leon Wycoff; January 20, 1902 – October 12, 1993) was an American film and television actor. He is best remembered for playing father figures in such films as Meet Me in St. Louis (1944), Little Women (1949), On Moonlight Bay (1951), and By the Light of the Silvery Moon (1953). His best-known dramatic role may have been in the crime film The Postman Always Rings Twice (1946).
Helsingør Custom House
Helsingør Custom House (Danish: Helsingør Toldkammer) is a former custom house situated next to Helsingør station in central Helsingør, Denmark. Completed in 1891 to a Historicist design by Johan Daniel Herholdt, it replaced Øresund Custom House, which had played a central role in Denmark's collection of Sound Dues before it was demolished in connection with an expansion of the harbour in the 1860s. The new custom house remained in use until 1976 and is today part of the Kulturværftet, a nearby cultural centre, hosting smaller concerts, exhibitions and other events.

Historicism (art)
Historicism or historism comprises artistic styles that draw their inspiration from recreating historic styles or imitating the work of historic artists and artisans. This is especially common in architecture, where there are many different styles of Revival architecture, which dominated large buildings in the 19th century. Through a combination of different styles or the implementation of new elements, historicism can create completely different aesthetics than former styles. Thus, it offers a great variety of possible designs.
Twenty-Fourth Air Force
Twenty-Fourth Air Force / Air Forces Cyber (AFCYBER) was a Numbered Air Force within the United States Air Force. The Air Force consolidated its cyberspace combat and support forces into 24 AF. 24 AF was the Air Force component of U.S. Cyber Command.

On 11 October 2019, the 24th AF was merged with the 25th AF to form a reactivated 16th Air Force.

United States Cyber Command
United States Cyber Command (USCYBERCOM) is one of the eleven unified combatant commands of the United States Department of Defense (DoD). It unifies the direction of cyberspace operations, strengthens DoD cyberspace capabilities, and integrates and bolsters DoD's cyber expertise which focus on securing cyberspace.

USCYBERCOM was established as a sub-unified command under United States Strategic Command (USSTRATCOM) at the direction of Secretary of Defense  Robert Gates on 23 June 2009 at the National Security Agency (NSA) headquarters in Fort George G. Meade, Maryland. It cooperates with NSA networks and has been concurrently headed by the director of the NSA (DIRNSA) since its inception. While originally created with a defensive mission in mind, it has increasingly been viewed as an offensive force. On 18 August 2017, it was announced that USCYBERCOM would be elevated to the status of a full and independent unified combatant command.
Eutimio Mambí
Juan Ethnnius Mamby was a black officer of the Spanish Army who arrived in the Dominican Republic at some point in 1810s. In the 1840s, however, he  deserted the Spanish and enlisted in the Dominican Army to fight in the Dominican War of Independence and the Dominican Restoration War. According to Elmore Leonard, he is said to have been the origin of the word, Mambises, which is used to refer to independence fighters from the Dominican Republic and Cuba.

Mambises
The mambises were the guerrilla independence soldiers who fought for the independence from Spain of the Dominican Republic in the Dominican Restoration War (1863–1865), and of Cuba in the Ten Years' War (1868–1878), Little War (1879–1880), and Cuban War of Independence (1895–1898).
Katrina Swett
Yvonne Katrina Swett (née Lantos; born October 8, 1955) is an American educator. She was chair of the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom from 2012 to 2013, and then in 2014 to 2015. She ran unsuccessfully as the Democratic candidate for Congress in New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district, which is the same district that her husband Richard Swett occupied, during the 2002 United States midterm elections. Afterwards, she became the president of the Lantos Foundation.

New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district
New Hampshire's 2nd congressional district covers the western, northern, and some southern parts of New Hampshire. It includes the state's second-largest city, Nashua, as well as the state capital, Concord. It is currently represented in the United States House of Representatives by Democrat Maggie Goodlander.

The district is classified by the Census Bureau as a majority-rural district, with 51.67% of its population residing in rural areas. The district is home to Dartmouth College, the state's second-largest college, and three of its representatives since 1995 (Charles Bass, Paul Hodes, and Annie Kuster) have been Dartmouth alumni. Some of the largest employers in the district are Dartmouth–Hitchcock Medical Center, Dartmouth College, Southern New Hampshire Health System, and BAE Systems.
Botolv Bråtalien
Botolv Bråtalien (28 February 1892  –  6 November 1969) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

He was born in Ål.

He was elected to the Storting(Norwegian Parliament) from Buskerud in 1958, and was re-elected on one occasion. He had previously served as a deputy representative in the period 1954–1957.

Bråtalien was involved in local politics in Ål municipality between 1928–1940 and 1951-1959.

Ål
Ål is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Hallingdal.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Ål.
The parish of Aal was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt). The area of Hol was separated from the municipality of Aal in 1877 to become a separate municipality.
Thom space
In mathematics, the Thom space, Thom complex, or Pontryagin–Thom construction (named after René Thom and Lev Pontryagin) of algebraic topology and differential topology is a topological space associated to a vector bundle, over any paracompact space.

Sphere bundle
In the mathematical field of topology, a sphere bundle is a fiber bundle in which the fibers are spheres  of some dimension n. Similarly, in a disk bundle, the fibers are disks . From a topological perspective, there is no difference between sphere bundles and disk bundles: this is a consequence of the Alexander trick, which implies

An example of a sphere bundle is the torus, which is orientable and has  fibers over an  base space. The non-orientable Klein bottle also has  fibers over an  base space, but has a twist that produces a reversal of orientation as one follows the loop around the base space.

A circle bundle is a special case of a sphere bundle.
Naomi Alderman
Naomi Alderman (born 1974) is an English novelist, game writer, and television executive producer. She is best known for her speculative science fiction novel The Power, which won the Women's Prize for Fiction in 2017 and has been adapted into a television series for Amazon Studios.

Women's Prize for Fiction
The Women's Prize for Fiction (previously with sponsor names Orange Prize for Fiction (1996–2006 and 2009–2012), Orange Broadband Prize for Fiction (2007–08) and Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction (2014–2017) is one of the United Kingdom's most prestigious literary prizes. It is awarded annually to a female author of any nationality for the best original full-length novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom in the preceding year. A sister prize, the Women's Prize for Non-Fiction, was launched in 2023.
Morningside Cemetery, Edinburgh
Morningside Cemetery is a cemetery in south Edinburgh. It was established in 1878 by the Metropolitan Cemetery Company, originally just outwith the then city boundary, the nearest suburb then being Morningside. It extends to just over 13 acres in area. The cemetery contains 81 war graves. The cemetery contains the graves of several important female figures; including a female air commandant, Scotland's first female surgeon, the first female Fellow of the Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh, and many church missionaries.  Sir Edward Victor Appleton GBE KCB FRS (6 September 1892 – 21 April 1965) who was an English physicist, Nobel Prize winner (1947) and pioneer in radiophysics is also buried here.

Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh
The Royal College of Physicians of Edinburgh (RCPE) is a medical royal college in Scotland. It is one of three organisations that set the specialty training standards for physicians in the United Kingdom. It was established by royal charter in 1681. The college has more than 14,000 fellows and members worldwide, who are entitled to use the post-nominal MRCP (Edin) or FRCP (Edin).
Shooting at the 1956 Summer Olympics – Men's 300 metre free rifle, three positions
The men's 300 m rifle three positions was a shooting sports event held as part of the Shooting at the 1956 Summer Olympics programme. It was the seventh appearance of the event at an Olympic Games. The competition was held on 1 December 1956, with 20 shooters from 14 nations competing. Nations had been limited to two shooters each since the 1952 Games. The event was won by Vasily Borisov of the Soviet Union, the nation's second consecutive victory in two appearances (tying Switzerland for most gold medals in the event). The Soviets finished 1–2, with Allan Erdman taking silver. Vilho Ylönen of Finland earned the bronze.

Vasily Borisov
Vasily Fyodorovich Borisov (Russian: Василий Фёдорович Борисов; 12 December 1922 – 21 August 2003) was a Soviet rifle shooter. He competed at the 1956 and 1960 Olympics in five individual events and won a gold, a silver and a bronze medal. Between 1954 and 1966 Borisov won 22 medals at the world championships. At the 1954 World Championships, he and his teammate Anatoli Bogdanov won 13 medals each, cleansweeping most rifle events.

After he retired from competitions, Borisov worked as a coach. He lived in Moscow, on Mira Avenue. Borisov died in Moscow on 21 August 2003, at the age of 80.
A Quiet Dream
A Quiet Dream (Korean: 춘몽; RR: Chunmong) is a 2016 South Korean drama film written and directed by Zhang Lu and starring Han Ye-ri alongside several Korean directors playing her potential suitors, including Park Jung-bum, Yoon Jong-bin and Yang Ik-june. It made its world premiere as the opening film of the 21st Busan International Film Festival on October 6, 2016.

Yoon Jong-bin
Yoon Jong-bin (Korean: 윤종빈; born December 20, 1979) is a South Korean film director. He is best known for directing the feature films Nameless Gangster: Rules of the Time (2012), Kundo: Age of the Rampant (2014), and The Spy Gone North (2018). Yoon also expanded into television, directing the series Narco-Saints (2022) and Nine Puzzles (2025).
P2X purinoreceptor
The P2X receptors, also ATP-gated P2X receptor cation channel family, is a protein family that consists of cation-permeable ligand-gated ion channels that open in response to the binding of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP). They belong to a larger family of receptors known as the ENaC/P2X superfamily. ENaC and P2X receptors have similar 3-D structures and are homologous. P2X receptors are present in a diverse array of organisms including humans, mouse, rat, rabbit, chicken, zebrafish, bullfrog, fluke, and amoeba.

Zebrafish
The zebrafish (Danio rerio) is a species of danionin belonging to the genus Danio in the suborder Cyprinoidei. Native to South Asia, it is a popular, hardy aquarium fish, frequently sold under the trade name zebra danio (thus often mislabeled as a "tropical fish", even though they also inhabit subtropical and temperate waters).

The zebrafish is an important and widely used vertebrate model organism in scientific research, particularly developmental biology, but also gene function, oncology, teratology, and drug development, in particular pre-clinical development, due to its scalability from high numbers of offspring and ease of drug delivery through water into the gills. It is also notable for its regenerative abilities, and has been modified by researchers to produce many transgenic strains.
Ben Cook (actor)
Benjamin Tyler Cook (born December 11, 1997) is an American actor, singer and dancer, known for his work across stage and screen.

Cook has appeared on the Broadway stage in Ragtime, Billy Elliot the Musical (for which he was nominated for a Helen Hayes Award), Tuck Everlasting, Mean Girls, West Side Story, and Illinoise. He has also performed in two Broadway national tours, Billy Elliot the Musical and Newsies the Musical, and appeared on television in episodes of 30 Rock, House of Cards, Veep, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit, and in the HBO film Paterno. He most recently appeared as a Jet in the 2021 film version of West Side Story and as Henry in the HBO Max horror series Pretty Little Liars (2022–2024), a reboot of the original 2010s series.

Tuck Everlasting (musical)
Tuck Everlasting is a musical based upon the American children's novel Tuck Everlasting by Natalie Babbitt. It features music by Chris Miller, lyrics by Nathan Tysen and a book by Claudia Shear and Tim Federle, with direction and choreography by Casey Nicholaw. The musical had its premiere at the Alliance Theater in Atlanta, Georgia, in 2015. It began Broadway previews on March 31, 2016; and opened on April 26, 2016, at the Broadhurst Theatre, in New York City. The production closed on May 29, 2016, after 39 performances.