hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cwm Caseg
53°10′47″N 4°03′04″W﻿ / ﻿53.1797180000°N 4.0512150000°W﻿ / 53.1797180000; -4.0512150000

Cwm Caseg is a broad glacial valley in Snowdonia leading west from the Carneddau towards Bethesda. It is bordered by Carnedd Llewelyn to the southeast, Yr Elen to the west, and Foel Grach to the northeast. It contains a small lake, Ffynnon Caseg.

Bethesda, Gwynedd
Bethesda (/bɛˈθɛzdə/; Welsh: [bɛˈθɛsda]) is a town and community in Gwynedd, Wales. It is on the banks of  Afon Ogwen and on the edge of Snowdonia. It is about 5 miles (8 km) south-west of Bangor. It is a predominantly Welsh-speaking town.
The Russian Interpreter
The Russian Interpreter is the second novel by English author Michael Frayn, published in 1966 by Collins in the UK and by Viking Press in the US. It won the Hawthornden Prize in 1967. Frayn was himself an interpreter in Moscow in the 1950s.

Viking Press
Viking Press (formally Viking Penguin, also listed as Viking Books) is an American publishing company owned by Penguin Random House. It was founded in New York City on March 1, 1925, by Harold K. Guinzburg and George S. Oppenheimer and then acquired by the Penguin Group in 1975.

The publisher's name and logo, a Viking ship drawn by Rockwell Kent, were chosen as symbols of enterprise, adventure, and exploration in publishing.

Viking Press was sold to Penguin Books in 1975 for $12 million due to the publishing house's monetary difficulties. These were speculated to have been caused by the shrinkage in the juvenile market and Viking Press' lack of a textbook division.
Tourism in Iraq
Tourism in Iraq refers to tourism in the Western Asian country of Iraq. Iraq was one of the main destinations for many years, however this changed dramatically due to conflicts. Tourism in Iraq has faced many challenges, however, in recent years there have been improvements. The capital city Baghdad is the second largest city in the Arab world and the 4th largest in the Middle East. Iraq has several World Heritage Sites, dating back to ancient Mesopotamia, most notably Babylon Iraq. Iraq is considered to be a potential location for ecotourism.

Erbil was chosen as the "Arab Tourism Capital" for 2014 by the Arab Tourism Committee. Then, Baghdad was chosen as Arab Tourism Capital for 2025. Recent initiatives include the development of Ur Tourist City adjacent to the 4th-millennium BC city of Ur, designed as a religious and heritage tourism centre for the Sumerian archaeological site.

Wadi-us-Salaam
Wadi-us-Salaam is an Islamic cemetery, located in the holy city of Najaf, Iraq. It is the largest cemetery in the world. The cemetery covers 1,485.5 acres (601.16 ha; 6.01 km2; 2.32 sq mi) and contains more than 6 million bodies. It also attracts millions of pilgrims annually.

The cemetery is located near the shrine of Ali ibn Abi Talib, the fourth Sunni Caliph, as well as the first Shia Imam. Thus, many Shi'ites in Iraq request that they be buried in this cemetery. As a result of improved transportation methods, Shi'ites from across the globe are (or seek to be) buried in the cemetery. Modern burials are interred inside shared crypts.
Decline of the Dharma
The Decline of the Dharma or Ages of the Dharma, refers to traditional Buddhist accounts of how the Buddhist religion and the Buddha's teaching (Dharma) is believed to decline throughout history. It constitutes a key aspect of Buddhist eschatology and provides a cyclical model of history, beginning with a virtuous age where spiritual practice is very fruitful and ending with an age of strife, in which Buddhism is eventually totally forgotten. Buddhist accounts of this process culminate in the eventual arrival of a new Buddha, Maitreya.

There are various accounts of this process of Dharma decline, which begins with Shakyamuni Buddha's death and continues throughout the generations as society and its knowledge of the Buddha's teachings decline over the centuries.

Fruits of the noble path
In Buddhism, the fruits of the noble path (Sanskrit: āryamārgaphala, Pali: ariyamaggaphala; Tibetan: ’phags lam gyi ’bras bu; Chinese: shengdaoguo 聖道果) are four stages on the path to full awakening (bodhi).

These four fruits or states are Sotāpanna (stream-enterer), Sakadāgāmi (once-returner), Anāgāmi (non-returner), and Arahant (conqueror, "worthy one"). The early Buddhist texts portray the Buddha as referring to people who are at one of these four states as "noble ones" (ārya, Pāli: ariya) and the community of such persons as the noble sangha.

The teaching of the four stages of awakening was important to the early Buddhist schools and remains so in the Theravada school. It is also included in the Mahayana teachings on the various paths to awakening. However, their teaching on the bodhisattva path relies on different stages of awakening, called bodhisattva stages, which are taught as an alternative path.
1989 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1989 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 92nd staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

Seir Kieran entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 22 October 1989 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Lusmagh and Seir Kieran, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Lusmagh won the match by 1–11 to 1–10 to claim their first ever championship title.

1988 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship
The 1988 Offaly Senior Hurling Championship was the 91st staging of the Offaly Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Offaly County Board in 1896.

St Rynagh's entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 23 October 1988 at St Brendan's Park in Birr, between Seir Kieran and St Rynagh's, in what was their second consecutive meeting in the final. Seir Kieran won the match by 3–13 to 4–06 to claim their first ever championship title.
Abbot of Dundrennan
The Abbot of Dundrennan was the head of the Cistercian monastic community of Dundrennan Abbey, Galloway. It was founded by Fergus of Galloway in 1142. Dundrennan was a large and powerful monastery in the context of the south-west. It became secularised and protestantised in the 16th century. In 1606 it was finally turned into a secular lordship in for John Murray of Lochmaben, afterwards earl of Annandale.

The royal warrant in 1886 which revived the office of Dean of the Chapel Royal also gave the Dean the titles of Abbot of Crossraguel and Abbot of Dundrennan.

The following is a list of abbots and commendators:

Abbot of Crossraguel
The Abbot of Crossraguel was the leader of the Cluniac monastic community of Crossraguel Abbey, near Maybole in Carrick, south-west Scotland. It was founded in 1260s by Donnchadh mac Gille Brigte, earl of Carrick with monks from Paisley Abbey. Owing to the lack of surviving records and its distance from the core of Lowland Scotland in the western Gàidhealtachd, few of the abbots are known by name. The abbots were replaced by commendators in the 16th century, and the abbey came to an end when its lands were taken over by the bishops of Dunblane in 1617.

The royal warrant in 1886 which revived the office of Dean of the Chapel Royal also gave the Dean the titles of Abbot of Crossraguel and Abbot of Dundrennan.

The following is a list of abbots and commendators:
Rufus R. Jones
Carey L. Lloyd (July 4, 1933 – November 13, 1993), also known by his ring name Rufus R. "Freight Train" Jones, was an American professional wrestler. He competed in the Central States, St. Louis and Mid-Atlantic regional promotions of the National Wrestling Alliance as well as the American Wrestling Association and All Japan Pro Wrestling during the 1970s and 1980s.

Heart of America Sports Attractions
Heart of America Sports Attractions, Inc., operating as the Midwest Wrestling Association, Central States Wrestling and the World Wrestling Alliance, was an American professional wrestling promotion that ran shows mainly in Kansas, Missouri, Nebraska and Iowa. Due to the promotion's main office and base of operations being in Kansas City, Missouri the territory was often referred to simply as "Kansas City". The promotion existed from July 1948 until it closed in 1989. The territory was one of the original territories of the National Wrestling Alliance with two of the six "founding fathers" of the NWA (Paul "Pinkie" George and Orville Brown) promoting in it.
Hoplitidae
The Hoplitidae is a family of Cretaceous ammonites that lived during the middle of the period from the late Aptian to the Cenomanian.  They are part of the superfamily Hoplitoidea.

Members of the Hoplitidae are typically evolute, with inner whorls exposed, although some are more involute, and are commonly stout and strongly ribbed, with pronounced tubercles.

The Hoplitidae are thought to be derived from the U Aptian -M Albian Uligella of the Desmoceratidae, or some related form and have been divided into three subfamilies.

Desmoceratidae
Desmoceratidae is a family belonging to the ammonite superfamily Desmoceratoidea.  They are an extinct group of ammonoids, shelled cephalopods related to squid, belemnites, octopuses, and cuttlefish, and more distantly to the nautiloids, that lived between the  Lower Cretaceous (Upper Valanginian) and Upper
Cretaceous (Upper Maastrichtian).
Macrophilia
Macrophilia is a fascination with or a sexual fantasy involving giant people. In 2023, the Giantess kink was found to be the most popular kink searched for on the website Clips4Sale. Generally, depictions range from sexually explicit actions to non-sexual interactions while still providing sexual stimulation for those with the fantasy.

Online communities refer to this subculture as macro fetish or GTS fetish, an abbreviation of "giantess".

Giant
In folklore, giants (from Ancient Greek: gigas, cognate giga-) are beings of humanoid appearance, but are at times prodigious in size and strength or bear an otherwise notable appearance. The word giant is first attested in 1297 from Robert of Gloucester's chronicle. It is derived from the Gigantes (Ancient Greek: Γίγαντες) of Greek mythology.

Fairy tales such as Jack the Giant Killer have formed the modern perception of giants as dimwitted and violent ogres, sometimes said to eat humans or livestock. In more recent portrayals, like those of Jonathan Swift and Roald Dahl, some giants are both intelligent and friendly.
Grace Stott
Grace Stott, born Grace Cigie (12 March 1845 – 24 January 1922), was a British Protestant missionary in China. She went to China after a marriage proposal arrived in the post. She worked in Wenzhou where she created a school for girls. Her husband George Stott died in 1899. She then returned to China. The mission was struck by riots twice and a cholera epidemic. She became the head of the mission and finally left the mission in 1909 twenty years after he was sacked and his death. Her husband is credited with the mission's success.

OMF International
OMF International (formerly Overseas Missionary Fellowship and before 1964 the China Inland Mission) is an international and interdenominational Evangelical Christian missionary society with an international centre in Singapore. It was founded in Britain by Hudson Taylor on 25 June 1865.
Elijah Doro Muala
Elijah Doro Muala (20 January 1960 – 16 February 2021) was a Solomon Islands politician.

Following a secondary school education, he worked as an accountant.

His career in national politics began when he was elected to the  Parliament of Solomon Islands as the member for South Choiseul in the August 2010 general election, standing for the National Party. He was then appointed Minister for Commerce, Industries, Labour & Immigration  in Prime Minister Danny Philip's Cabinet. When Gordon Darcy Lilo replaced Philip as Prime Minister in November 2011, Muala retained his position in government. Muala was re-elected to the National Parliament of Solomon Islands for South Choiseul Constituency on 19 November 2014. However he lost reelection in the 3 April 2019 National General Election.

Danny Philip
Danny Philip (born 5 August 1953) is a politician and diplomat from the Solomon Islands. He was the prime minister of Solomon Islands from 2010 to 2011. Previously he served as the minister of Foreign Affairs from 1995 to 1996 and from July 2000 to June 2001. He was the leader of the People's Progressive Party from 1997 to 2000, then founded the Reform Democratic Party, of which he was the leader when elected Prime Minister.
Claughton, Wyre
Claughton (/ˈklaɪtən/ KLY-tən) is a sparse village and civil parish in the county of Lancashire in the north of England, in the Borough of Wyre. The population of the civil parish at the 2021 census was 1,033. It is sometimes called Claughton-on-Brock to distinguish it from another Claughton in Lancashire in the Lune valley between Lancaster and Hornby.

The village has the Roman Catholic church of St Thomas Apostle and a Roman Catholic primary school – St Mary's. But there is no Church of England presence, which is unusual for a parish in England. The nearest Anglican church is in the neighbouring parish, Barnacre-with-Bonds.

Blackpool and The Fylde College
Blackpool and The Fylde College (B&FC) is a further and higher education college in Blackpool, Lancashire, England.

The college is a Regional Teaching Partner of Lancaster University and offers full and part-time further education, higher education and vocational courses along with apprenticeships. From September 2016 the college also holds its own foundation degree awarding powers.

Facilities include four main campuses located across the Fylde Coast. The sites in Fleetwood form a specialised Nautical campus, which teaches courses for merchant seafarers and offshore workers. As well as delivering a broad portfolio of accredited safety, survival and fire training courses, qualifications are also awarded by the Scottish Qualifications Authority, Lancaster University as well as the college itself.
Sing Buri
Sing Buri (Thai pronunciation: [sǐŋ būrīː]) is a town (thesaban mueang) in Thailand, capital of the Sing Buri Province. It lies 141 km north of Bangkok. The town covers the whole tambon Bang Phutsa and parts of Bang Man, Muang Mu, Ton Pho, and Bang Krabue, all within Mueang Sing Buri District. As of 2006, it had a population of 19,470.

According to the Ayutthaya Testimonies, the city was founded by the Siamese monarch Anuraja in the early 12th century, who established it as the new capital of the Phraek Si Racha region, thereby superseding Chai Nat as the administrative center of the polity.: 43

Chai Nat
Chai Nat (Thai: ชัยนาท, pronounced [t͡ɕʰāj nâːt]) is a town (thesaban mueang) in central Thailand, capital of Chai Nat province. It covers the whole tambon tambon Nai Mueang and parts of Ban Kluai, Tha Chai and Khao Tha Phra, all in Mueang Chai Nat district. As of 2006 it had a population of 14,469.

The town is on the banks of the Chao Phraya River. The main road through the town is Phahonyothin Road (Highway 1). Bangkok lies 188 km to the south.

According to the Ayutthaya Testimonies, the city was founded by the Siamese monarch Surindraraja in the early 11th century, who established it as the new capital of the Phraek Si Racha region, thereby superseding Phraek Si Racha as the administrative center of the polity.: 41
Highlands of Iceland
The Highland (Icelandic: Hálendið) or The Central Highland is an area that comprises much of the interior land of Iceland. The Highland is situated above 300–400 meters (980–1,310 ft) and is mostly uninhabitable. The soil is primarily volcanic ash, and the terrain consists of basalt mountains and lava fields. Snow covers the Highland from October until the beginning of June. A few oasis-like areas, such as Herðubreiðarlindir and Þórsmörk, are also found in the Highland. The area has many notable natural features and hiking trails.

Landmannalaugar
Landmannalaugar (Icelandic pronunciation: [ˈlantˌmanːaˌlœyːɣar̥] ⓘ) is a location in Iceland's Fjallabak [ˈfjatlaˌpaːk] Nature Reserve in the Highland. It is on the edge of the Laugahraun [ˈlœyːɣaˌr̥œyːn] lava field. This lava field was formed by an eruption in approximately 1477. It is largely known for its natural geothermal hot springs and surrounding landscape.

Landmannalaugar is at the northern end of the Laugavegur hiking trail, and the Iceland Touring Association operates a mountain hut accommodating hikers.
Waiwawa River
The Waiwawa River is the longest river on the Coromandel Peninsula, in the Waikato Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows initially northwest from its sources on the slopes of Mount Rowe before turning northeast to reach the southern end of the Whitianga Harbour.

Coromandel Peninsula
36°50′S 175°35′E﻿ / ﻿36.833°S 175.583°E﻿ / -36.833; 175.583

The Coromandel Peninsula (Māori: Te Tara-o-te-Ika-a-Māui) on the North Island of New Zealand extends 85 kilometres (53 mi) north from the western end of the Bay of Plenty, forming a natural barrier protecting the Hauraki Gulf and the Firth of Thames in the west from the Pacific Ocean to the east. It is 40 kilometres (25 mi) wide at its broadest point. Almost its entire population lives on the narrow coastal strips fronting the Hauraki Gulf and the Bay of Plenty. In clear weather the peninsula is clearly visible from Auckland, the country's biggest city, which lies on the far shore of the Hauraki Gulf, 55 kilometres (34 mi) to the west. The peninsula is part of the Thames-Coromandel District and the Waikato Region.
Hayley Westenra
Hayley Dee Westenra (born 10 April 1987) is a New Zealand classical crossover singer. Her first internationally released album, Pure, reached number one on the UK classical charts in 2003 and has sold more than two million copies worldwide, making it one of the fastest selling albums in her country's history.

She is one of the youngest UNICEF Ambassadors to date.

Westenra has sung in English, Māori, Irish, Welsh, Spanish, Italian, German, French, Portuguese, Latin, Japanese, Standard Mandarin Chinese, Catalan, and Taiwanese Hokkien.

Royal British Legion
The Royal British Legion (RBL), formerly the British Legion, is a British charity providing financial, social and emotional support to members and veterans of the British Armed Forces, their families and dependants, as well as representing them publicly.
South San Ramon Creek
South San Ramon Creek is a 9.3-mile-long (15.0 km) southward-flowing stream in Alameda County and southern Contra Costa County, in the East Bay region of northern California.

The creek is a tributary to Arroyo de la Laguna, flowing in the western Livermore Valley through Dublin and Pleasanton.

Livermore Valley
The Livermore Valley, historically known as the Valle de San José (Valley of San José), is a valley in Alameda County, California, located in the East Bay region. The city of Livermore is located in the valley. The valley became known as "Livermore's Valley", and today as the "Livermore Valley" after Robert Livermore, an early settler and rancher in the region who received together with José Noriega a land grant composing most of modern Livermore.

The groundwater basin underlying the valley is the Livermore Basin, the largest sub-unit of which is the Mocho Subbasin. The Livermore Basin is one of five aquifers in the San Francisco Bay Area that supply most of the metropolitan Bay Area population.  The entire Livermore Basin aquifer faces a concern over elevated total dissolved solids by the year 2020 due to an expanding human population leading to higher rates of return water flows to the aquifer containing certain salts.
Fort Hunter, Albany County, New York
Fort Hunter is a hamlet in the town of Guilderland, Albany County, New York, United States. Fort Hunter lies along New York Route 146 near the Albany-Schenectady county line. Exit 25 of the Governor Thomas E. Dewey Thruway and exit 9B of Interstate 890 is at the northern limits of the hamlet.

Guilderland, New York
Guilderland is a town in Albany County, New York, United States. In the 2020 census, the town had a population of 36,848. The town is named for the  Gelderland province in the Netherlands.
The town of Guilderland is on the central-northwest border of the county. It is just west of Albany, the capital of the U.S. state of New York.
Independence or Death
The 1888 painting Independence or Death (Independência ou Morte in Portuguese), also known as the Cry of Ipiranga (Grito do Ipiranga in the original) is an oil on canvas painting by Pedro Américo, from 1888. It is the best known artwork representing the proclamation of the Brazilian independence.

Lilia Moritz Schwarcz
Lilia Katri Moritz Schwarcz  is a Brazilian historian and anthropologist. She is a doctor in social anthropology at the University of São Paulo, full professor at the Faculdade de Filosofia, Letras e Ciências Humanas in the same institution, and visiting professor (Global Scholar) at Princeton University.

Her main fields of study are anthropology and history of 19th-century Brazil, focusing on the Brazilian Empire, social identity, slavery and race relations between White and Afro-Brazilian peoples.

Schwarcz is Jewish. In 1986, she co-founded the Companhia das Letras publishing house with her husband Luis Schwarcz. She is a curator for the São Paulo Museum of Art, and writes a column at the news website Nexo Jornal.

In 2024, Lilia was elected to occupy seat number 9 of the Academia Brasileira de Letras (ABL).
Fort Lookout (Arkansas)
Fort Lookout, also known as Redoubt A, is a defensive earthworks erected during the American Civil War on the outskirts of Camden, Arkansas.  It was the northernmost of a series of five redoubts built in defense of the city by Confederate Army forces in early 1864, preparatory to the Union Army's Camden Expedition (March–May 1864).   The site has been designated a National Historic Landmark as part of the Camden Expedition Sites, a collection of military sites related to the expedition.

Redoubt
A redoubt (historically redout) is a fort or fort system usually consisting of an enclosed defensive emplacement outside a larger fort, usually relying on earthworks, although some are constructed of stone or brick. It is meant to protect soldiers outside the main defensive line and can be a permanent structure or a hastily constructed temporary fortification. The word means "a place of retreat". Redoubts were a component of the military strategies of most European empires during the colonial era, especially in the outer works of Vauban-style fortresses made popular during the 17th century, although the concept of redoubts has existed since medieval times. A redoubt differs from a redan in that the redan is open in the rear, whereas the redoubt was considered an enclosed work.
Zhang Jieqing
Zhang Jieqing (Chinese: 张洁清; pinyin: Zhāng Jiéqīng; Wade–Giles: Chang Chiehch'ing1, 12 October 1912 – 27 May 2015) was a Chinese politician and writer, as well as a member of the Chinese Communist Party. In 1933, Zhang Jieqing was arrested by the Kuomintang, spending several months in jail. After that she graduated from Beijing Normal University. During the Cultural Revolution, she suffered political persecution and was put in prison for seven years. She was the wife of Peng Zhen.  Zhang died of illness on 27 May 2015 at the age of 102.

Peng Zhen
Peng Zhen (pronounced [pʰə̌ŋ ʈʂə́n]; October 12, 1902 – April 26, 1997) was a Chinese politician and leading member of the Chinese Communist Party. He led the party organization in Beijing following the victory of the Communists in the Chinese Civil War in 1949, but was purged during the Cultural Revolution for opposing Mao's views on the role of literature in relation to the state. He was rehabilitated under Deng Xiaoping in 1982 along with other 'wrongly accused' officials, and became the inaugural head of the Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission.