hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Casorati–Weierstrass theorem
In complex analysis, a branch of mathematics, the Casorati–Weierstrass theorem describes the behaviour of holomorphic functions near their essential singularities. It is named for Karl Theodor Wilhelm Weierstrass and Felice Casorati. In Russian literature it is called Sokhotski's theorem, because it was discovered independently by Sokhotski in 1868.

Removable singularity
In complex analysis, a removable singularity of a holomorphic function is a point at which the function is undefined, but it is possible to redefine the function at that point in such a way that the resulting function is regular in a neighbourhood of that point.

For instance, the (unnormalized) sinc function, as defined by

has a singularity at ⁠⁠. This singularity can be removed by defining ⁠⁠, which is the limit of sinc as ⁠⁠ tends to ⁠⁠. The resulting function is holomorphic. In this case the problem was caused by sinc being given an indeterminate form. Taking a power series expansion for ⁠⁠ around the singular point shows that

Formally, if  is an open subset of the complex plane ⁠⁠,  a point of ⁠⁠, and  is a holomorphic function, then  is called a removable singularity for  if there exists a holomorphic function  which coincides with  on ⁠⁠. We say  is holomorphically extendable over  if such a  exists.
Cecco di Pietro
Cecco di Pietro was an Italian painter of the Pisan School. While his date of birth cannot be confirmed, there is some mention of a Cecco Pierri working with the painter Paolo di Lazzarino in 1350. If this was a reference to di Pietro, then his date of birth can be placed around 1330.

He was active starting from around 1370 and died sometime before 1402. Cecco is seen as an important figure in Trecento art because of his development of a style that incorporated elements of Pisan painting along with those of the Sienese School.

Camposanto Monumentale
The Camposanto Monumentale ("Monumental Cemetery"), also Camposanto Vecchio ("Old Cemetery") or simply Campo Santo, is a historical edifice at the northern edge of the Cathedral Square in Pisa, Italy.

Campo Santo can be literally translated as "holy field", because it is said to have been built around a shipload of sacred soil from Golgotha, brought to Pisa from the Third Crusade by Ubaldo Lanfranchi, archbishop of Pisa in the 12th century. A legend claims that bodies buried in that ground will rot in just 24 hours. The burial ground lies over the ruins of the old baptistery of Santa Reparata, the church that once stood where the cathedral now stands.
Adi Carauleanu
Adi Carauleanu (born 8 March 1957) is a Romanian actor known for his roles in The Paper Will Be Blue (2006) and Cristian Mungiu's Palme d'Or-winning 2007 film 4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days.

Born in Calafat, Dolj County, Carauleanu completed his studies at the Institute of Theatre and Cinema Art in Bucharest in 1981. From 1996 to 2015, he served as the artistic director at Iași National Theatre.

Cristian Mungiu
Cristian Mungiu (Romanian: [kristiˈan munˈdʒi.u]; born 27 April 1968) is a Romanian filmmaker. He won the Palme d'Or at the 2007 Cannes Film Festival for his film 4 Months, 3 Weeks and 2 Days, which he wrote and directed. He has also won the awards for Best Screenplay and Best Director at the 2012 and 2016 Cannes Film Festivals for his films Beyond the Hills and Graduation.
Warren Kozak
Warren Kozak (born 1951) is an American journalist and author. He has written for, among others, The Wall Street Journal and the New York Sun. He was an on-air reporter at National Public Radio and wrote for television network anchors including Ted Koppel, Charles Gibson, Diane Sawyer, and Aaron Brown.

Aaron Brown (journalist)
Aaron Brown (November 10, 1948 – December 29, 2024) was an American broadcast journalist, most recognized for his coverage of the September 11 attacks for CNN. He was a longtime reporter for ABC, the founding co-anchor of ABC's World News Now, weekend anchor of World News Tonight, and the host of CNN's flagship evening program NewsNight with Aaron Brown. He was the anchor of the PBS documentary series Wide Angle from 2008 to 2009. He was a professor at the Walter Cronkite School of Journalism and Mass Communication at Arizona State University from 2007 to 2014.
AM 1316−241
AM 1316−241 is a pair of overlapping galaxies in the constellation Hydra. It is notable for having recently been discovered to have revealed visible dust by the back light from the more distant galaxy of the two.

It is believed the pair are interacting.

Hydra (constellation)
Hydra is the largest of the 88 modern constellations, measuring 1303 square degrees, and also the longest at over 100 degrees. Its southern end borders Libra and Centaurus and its northern end borders Cancer. It was included among the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd century astronomer Ptolemy. Commonly represented as a water snake, it straddles the celestial equator.
Nether Headon
Nether Headon is a hamlet in Headon cum Upton civil parish, within the Bassetlaw district, of the county of Nottinghamshire, England. It is 3.5 miles south east of the nearest market town Retford, 26 miles north east of the county town Nottingham and 125 miles north of London. The hamlet is adjacent to the villages of Upton, Headon, East Drayton, Eaton, Grove, Woodbeck and Stokeham. In 2011 the parish, together with Stokeham had a population of 253.

Grove, Nottinghamshire
Grove is a small village and civil parish, located about 2 miles (3.2 km) south-west of Retford, Nottinghamshire. The population of the civil parish as of the 2011 census is 105, increasing to 127 in 2021. The parklands of Grove Hall separate it from Retford town, and a set of gates for Grove Hall can be found near the London Road, the A638.

The village itself is pleasant with wide verges along parts of the main road. The village once contained a garden centre, now built on, housed in the former kitchen gardens, of the Hall and there is also a very fine parish church.
Robert Morley, 6th Baron Morley
Robert de Morley, 6th Baron Morley (20 November 1418 – 25 September 1442) was a baron in the Peerage of England, Lord of Morley, Hingham, Hockering, &c., in Norfolk.

He was the son of Thomas de Morley, 5th Baron Morley and Lady Isabel de la Pole. He married prior to May 1442, Elizabeth, daughter of William de Ros, 6th Baron de Ros. and died at age 23 without male issue.

At his death in 1443, the barony was inherited by his daughter Alianore de Morley. She became the wife of Sir William Lovel, who was summoned to parliament as Baron Morley jure uxoris and died in 1476, shortly before her. Their son became Henry Lovel, 8th Baron Morley.

Henry Lovel, 8th Baron Morley
Henry Lovel (or Lovell), 8th Baron Morley (died 1489) was an English peer and translator, Lord of Morley, Hingham, Hockering, &c., in Norfolk.

He was the son of Alianore Lovel, 7th Baroness Morley, née Morley, (1442–1476) and her husband Sir William Lovel (died 1476), who was Baron Morley in her right.

He married Lady Elizabeth de la Pole (c. 1468 – aft. 1489), daughter of John de la Pole, 2nd Duke of Suffolk and wife Elizabeth Plantagenet, sister of Edward IV and Richard III, but had no children from this marriage. He was succeeded by his sister Alice Parker, 9th Baroness Morley, née Lovel (c. 1467 – 1518).

He died Dixmude in 1489, where he was fighting in support of Maximilian, King of the Romans.
1986–87 Ashes
The 1986–87 Ashes series was a series of five Test cricket matches that were contested between England and Australia for The Ashes. The series was played at five venues across Australia, starting on 14 November 1986 in Brisbane and concluding on 15 January 1987 in Sydney. England were the defending holders of the Ashes going into the series, having reclaimed the urn in 1985.

England, under the leadership of Mike Gatting, successfully retained the Ashes after winning the Boxing Day Test match in Melbourne.

Greg Dyer
Gregory Charles Dyer (born 16 March 1959) is a former New South Wales and Australian wicketkeeper. Dyer played in six Tests and 23 ODIs from 1986 to 1988, including playing in the victorious 1987 World Cup Final. He toured India in 1986 as a back-up keeper.

Dyer replaced Tim Zoehrer for only a few Tests as his international career was cut short by the emergence of Ian Healy, along with a controversial incident in a Test match against New Zealand in 1987–88.  Dyer claimed to have caught New Zealand batsman Andrew Jones who was duly given out, although television replays showed the ball had touched the ground before being caught by Dyer. He was subsequently dropped from the team two matches later and retired from first-class cricket shortly thereafter.

He shares an Australian One Day International 7th-wicket partnership record with Steve Waugh.

In 2011, Dyer became the president of the Australian Cricketers' Association.
ATC code A14
ATC code A14 Anabolic agents for systemic use is a therapeutic subgroup of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products. Subgroup A14 is part of the anatomical group A Alimentary tract and metabolism.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QA14. National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.

ATC code A
ATC code A Alimentary tract and metabolism is a section of the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System, a system of alphanumeric codes developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for the classification of drugs and other medical products.

Codes for veterinary use (ATCvet codes) can be created by placing the letter Q in front of the human ATC code: for example, QA. National issues of the ATC classification may include additional codes not present in this list, which follows the WHO version.
Peder Nilsen
Peder Nilsen (22 February 1846 – 25 July 1921) was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party.

Nilsen was born in Tønsberg in Vestfold, Norway. He was trained as an engineer. Nilsen graduated from the Norwegian Military College in 1871. He was an assistant engineer at Rørosbanen and other railway construction from 1872 to 1878, district engineer and operations manager at Hamar-Tønsetbanen from 1878–1893. From 1897 to 1911 he was the manager at Hovedbanen.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament in 1889, representing the constituency of Lillehammer, Hamar og Gjøvik. He sat through only one term. On 2 May 1893 he was appointed to the Second Cabinet of Prime Minister Emil Stang as Minister of Labour. The second cabinet of Stang was replaced by the First Cabinet of Prime Minister Francis Hagerup on 14 October 1895. Nilsen retained his post, but left on 1 August 1897 as he was appointed a member of the Council of State Division in Stockholm. He left after two months.

Emil Stang
Emil Stang (14 June 1834 – 4 July 1912) was a Norwegian jurist and politician. He served as the prime minister of Norway from 1889–1891 and again from 1893–1895. He also served as the first leader of the Conservative Party from 1884–1889, 1891–1893 and 1896–1899.
Bridge of Dreams
40°27.90417′N 82°11.63167′W﻿ / ﻿40.46506950°N 82.19386117°W﻿ / 40.46506950; -82.19386117

The Bridge of Dreams is a 370-foot covered bridge located near Brinkhaven, Ohio. Originally built in the 1920s as a railroad bridge, and covered in 1998. It is the second longest covered bridge in Ohio after the Smolen–Gulf Bridge, and third longest covered bridge in the United States.

Smolen–Gulf Bridge
The Smolen–Gulf Bridge is a covered bridge which carries State Road (Ashtabula County Road 25) across the Ashtabula River at the Plymouth and Ashtabula Township line in northern Ashtabula County, Ohio, United States.  At 613 feet (187 m), it is the longest covered bridge in the United States – a title formerly held by the Cornish–Windsor Covered Bridge in New Hampshire and Vermont – and the fourth longest covered bridge in the world. The bridge, one of 17 drivable covered bridges in the county, was designed by John Smolen, former Ashtabula County Engineer when the idea of bridging the Ashtabula River Gulf with a wooden structure was first conceived in 1995.
Hudson Rock
Hudson Rock Limited is an Israeli cybersecurity company headquartered in Tel Aviv specialized in infostealer malware. Hudson Rock was co-founded in 2020 by Alon Gal, who previously worked in Unit 8200 of the Israeli Defense Forces and Roi Carthy, a technology industry businessman. Hudson Rock has identified data breaches involving personal information from companies including Facebook, Twitter, Airbus, Telefónica, Samsung Electronics, Jaguar Land Rover and Telefónica. In 2024, Hudson removed a report about Snowflake after legal pressure.

Telefónica
Telefónica, S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [teleˈfonika]) is a Spanish multinational telecommunications company. It has headquarters as well as a registered office in Madrid, Spain. It is one of the largest telephone operators and mobile network providers in the world. It provides fixed and mobile telephony, broadband, and subscription television, operating in Europe and the Americas.

Along with its Telefónica brand, it also trades as Movistar, O2, and Vivo. The company is a component of the Euro Stoxx 50 stock market index. On 15 April 2012, Telefónica shut down TVA and Ajacto, which unified the brand into Vivo.
Levophacetoperane
Levophacetoperane (Lidépran, Phacétoperane) is a psychostimulant developed by Rhône-Poulenc in the 1950s. The drug has been used as an antidepressant and anorectic. It is the reverse ester of methylphenidate. Phacetoperane and levophacetoperane have been used as wakefulness-promoting agents in the treatment of narcolepsy.

The precursor is called Phenyl(piperidin-2-yl)methanol. This same chemical was used in the synthesis of a compound that is called WV-1501 [5712-28-7], which is closely related to aminorex.

Wakefulness-promoting agent
A wakefulness-promoting agent (WPA), or wake-promoting agent, is a drug that increases wakefulness and arousal. They are similar to but distinct from psychostimulants, which not only promote wakefulness but also produce other more overt central nervous system effects, such as improved attention span, executive functions, vigilance and motivation. Wakefulness-promoting agents are used to treat narcolepsy and hypersomnia and to increase wakefulness and performance in healthy people.
Oswulf of Ramsbury
Oswulf was a medieval Bishop of Ramsbury.

Oswulf was consecrated between 949 and 951. He died in 970. In the 940s Ealdorman Ealhhelm was given the lands of the then defunct Evesham Abbey, and on his death they were appropriated by thegn Wulfric and Bishop Oswulf.

Bishop of Ramsbury (ancient)
The Bishop of Ramsbury was an episcopal title used by medieval English-Catholic diocesan bishops in the Anglo-Saxon English church. The title takes its name from the village of Ramsbury in Wiltshire, and was first used in the 10th and 11th centuries by the Anglo-Saxon Bishops of Ramsbury. In Saxon times, Ramsbury was an important location for the Church, and several early bishops became Archbishops of Canterbury.

The ancient bishopric of Ramsbury was created in 909 by Plegmund, Archbishop of Canterbury, as part of a division of the two West Saxon bishoprics into five smaller ones. Wiltshire and Berkshire were taken from the bishopric of Winchester to form the new diocese of Ramsbury. It was occasionally referred to as the bishopric of Ramsbury and Sonning. In 1058 it was joined with the bishopric of Sherborne to form the diocese of Sarum (Salisbury), and the see was translated to Old Sarum in 1075.
Repressive desublimation
Repressive desublimation is a term, first coined by Frankfurt School philosopher and sociologist Herbert Marcuse in his 1964 work One-Dimensional Man, that refers to the way in which, in advanced industrial society (capitalism), "the progress of technological rationality is liquidating the oppositional and transcending elements in the 'higher culture'". In other words, where art was previously a way to represent "that which is" from "that which is not," capitalist society causes the "flattening out" of art into a commodity incorporated into society itself. As Marcuse put it in One-Dimensional Man, "The music of the soul is also the music of salesmanship."

By offering instantaneous, rather than mediated, gratifications, repressive desublimation was considered by Marcuse to remove the energies otherwise available for a social critique; and thus to function as an emancipating dynamic under the guise of collectivist politics.

Technological rationality
Technological rationality or technical rationality posits that rational decisions to incorporate technological advances into society can, once the technology is ubiquitous, change what is considered rational within that society.

The philosophical idea was first postulated by the  Frankfurt School philosopher Herbert Marcuse in his 1941 article "Some Social Implications of Modern Technology," published first in the journal Studies in Philosophy and Social Sciences, Vol. IX. It gained mainstream repute and a more holistic treatment in his 1964 book One-Dimensional Man.
Kazhuoish languages
The Kazhuoish languages are a branch of Loloish languages proposed by Lama (2012). There are five languages.

Katso

Samu

Sanie

Sadu

Meuma

Samei may or may not be a Kazhuoish language.

However, Bradley (2007) classifies the Kazhuoish languages as Northern Loloish, and considers Samu and Sanie to be closely related to Nasu.

Loloish languages
The Loloish languages, also known as Yi (like the Yi people) and occasionally Ngwi or Nisoic, are a sub-branch of 50–100 Tibeto-Burman languages spoken primarily in the Yunnan province of Southwestern China. They are most closely related to Burmese and its relatives. Both the Loloish and Burmish branches are well defined, as is their superior node, Lolo-Burmese. However, sub-classification is more contentious.

The 2013 edition of Ethnologue  estimated a total number of 9 million native speakers of Loloish ("Ngwi") languages, the largest group being the speakers of Nuosu (Northern Yi) at 2 million speakers.
2017 Southern Steel season
The 2017 Southern Steel season saw the Southern Steel netball team compete in the 2017 ANZ Premiership and the 2017 Netball New Zealand Super Club. With a team coached by Reinga Bloxham, captained by Wendy Frew and featuring Gina Crampton, Jhaniele Fowler-Reid, Shannon Francois, and Jane Watson, Steel finished the 2017 season as inaugural ANZ Premiership winners. After finishing the regular season unbeaten and as minor premiers, Steel defeated Central Pulse 69–53 in the grand final. This saw Steel complete a 16 match unbeaten ANZ Premiership season. Steel remained unbeaten as they went onto win the inaugural Netball New Zealand Super Club tournament, defeating Northern Mystics 79–58 in the final. This saw Steel finish the season with 21 wins and zero defeats.

Jhaniele Fowler-Nembhard
Jhaniele Fowler-Nembhard (née Fowler; born 21 July 1989) is a professional Jamaican netball player who plays for the West Coast Fever in the Suncorp Super Netball League. Fowler-Nembhard is a 5-time Suncorp Super Netball Player of the Year and was named Netball Scoop's World's Best Netballer in 2021.
North West Frontier Province cricket team
The North West Frontier Province cricket team was an Indian domestic cricket team representing the British Indian province of North-West Frontier Province. The team played in the Ranji Trophy from the 1937–1938 Indian cricket season until 1945–46 season in British India, before the partition of India.

The team first played first-class cricket in Ranji Trophy in the 1937 season against Southern Punjab team under the captaincy of Romilly Holdsworth. The team continued to appear in the Ranji Trophy until the 1945-1946 season when it played its final first-class match against Delhi.

Following independence and the partition of India, the NWFP team competed in various national competitions in Pakistan. In 2010, the province was renamed "Khyber Pakhtunkhwa", and the cricket team was renamed accordingly.

Delhi cricket team
The Delhi cricket team is a first-class cricket team based in Delhi, run by the Delhi & District Cricket Association. It plays in the Ranji Trophy, India's first-class competition, as well as in the limited-overs competition, the Vijay Hazare Trophy and Syed Mushtaq Ali Trophy. They have won the Ranji Trophy seven times and have been runners-up eight. Their latest title in 2007-08 came after 16 years. The team's home ground is Arun Jaitley Stadium.
International Link of Orthodox Christian Scouts
The International Link of Orthodox Christian Scouts (DESMOS, from Greek "Δεσμός", bond) is an autonomous, international body committed to promoting and supporting Orthodox Scout associations and to be a link between the Scout movement and Orthodox churches.

It enjoys consultative status with the World Scout Committee and forms the World Scout Inter-religious Forum (WSIF) together with the Council of Protestants in Guiding and Scouting, International Catholic Conference of Scouting, International Union of Muslim Scouts, International Forum of Jewish Scouts, Won-Buddhism Scout and World Buddhist Scout Brotherhood.

International Union of Muslim Scouts
The International Union of Muslim Scouts (IUMS; Arabic: الإتحاد العالمي للكشاف المسلم)  is an autonomous, international body committed to promoting and supporting Islam within Scouting. Its headquarters are in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.
Arcy-sur-Cure
Arcy-sur-Cure (French pronunciation: [aʁsi syʁ kyʁ], literally Arcy on Cure) is a commune in the Yonne department in Bourgogne-Franche-Comté in north-central France.

The caves of Arcy-sur-Cure, just south of the commune, hold the second-oldest cave paintings known, after those of Chauvet Cave. Archeological remains at the Grotte du Renne were taken to provide evidence that Neanderthals had modern human behavior, but this is now doubted.

Grotte du Renne
The Grotte du Renne (French for "Reindeer's cave") is one of the many caves at Arcy-sur-Cure in France, an archaeological site of the Middle/Upper Paleolithic period in the Yonne departement, Bourgogne-Franche-Comté. It contains Châtelperronian lithic industry and Neanderthal remains. Grotte du Renne has been argued to provide the best evidence that Neanderthals developed aspects of modern behaviour before contact with modern humans, but this has been challenged by radiological dates, which suggest mixing of later human artifacts with Neanderthal remains. However, it has also been argued that the radiometric dates have been affected by post-recovery contamination, and statistical testing suggests the association between Neanderthal remains, Châtelperronian artefacts and personal ornaments is genuine, not the result of post-depositional processes.
Rishi coffin
Rishi coffins are funerary coffins adorned with a feather design, which were used in Ancient Egypt. They are typical of the Egyptian Second Intermediate Period, c. 1650 to 1550 BC. The name comes from ريشة (risha), Arabic for "feather".

Coffin
A coffin or casket is a funerary box used for viewing or keeping a corpse, for burial, entombment or cremation. Coffins are sometimes referred to as caskets, particularly in American English.

A distinction is commonly drawn between "coffins" and "caskets", using "coffin" to refer to a tapered hexagonal or octagonal (also considered to be anthropoidal in shape) box and "casket" to refer to a rectangular box, often with a split lid used for viewing the deceased as seen in the picture. Receptacles for cremated and cremulated human ashes (sometimes called cremains) are called urns.