hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Beiwei Tan
Beiwei Tan (Chinese: 北衛灘) is a submerged coral shoal, circular with a shallowest depth of about 60 meters. approximately 44 nautical miles northwest of Dongsha Island in the northeastern part of the Nansha Islands in the northern South China Sea, located about 80 kilometers away from Dongsha Island.

Beiwai Tan is under the control of the government of Taiwan, administered under Cijin District in Kaohsiung City. The government of the People's Republic of China also claims sovereignty over it and administers it under the jurisdiction of the People's Government of Jieshi Town, Lufeng City, Shanwei, Guangdong Province.

Cijin District
Cijin District (Chinese: 旗津區; Hanyu Pinyin: Qíjīn Qū; Tongyong Pinyin: Cíjin Cyu; Wade–Giles: Chʻi²-chin¹ Chʻü¹; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kî-tin-khu) is a district of Kaohsiung City, Taiwan, covering Cijin Island (旗津島) and islands in the South China Sea. It is the second smallest district in Kaohsiung City after Yancheng District, with an area of 1.4639 square kilometers, or 0.5652 square miles. It has a population of 26,282 as of October 2023, making it the 26th most populated district in Kaohsiung, with a population density of 18,414 people per square kilometer, or 47,692 people per square mile.
Ram, Serbia
Ram (Serbian Cyrillic: Рам) is a settlement in the municipality of Veliko Gradište, in the Braničevo District of Serbia.  The town developed around the fortification of the same name.

It was known in the Roman times as Lederata. The Albocense inhabited the area in the 2nd century AD.

Veliko Gradište
Veliko Gradište (Serbian Cyrillic: Велико Градиште, pronounced [ʋělikoː ɡrâdiːʃte]; Romanian: Grădiștea Mare) is a town and municipality located in the Braničevo District of eastern Serbia. It is located on the right bank of the Danube River and left bank of the Pek River. In 2022, the town had a total population of 5,518 and the municipality had a population of 15,455.
2023 Czech Tour
The 2023 Czech Cycling Tour was a road cycling stage race that took place between 27 and 30 July 2023 in Czech Republic. The race was rated as a category 2.1 event on the 2023 UCI Europe Tour calendar, and was the 13th edition of the Czech Cycling Tour.

2023 UCI Europe Tour
The 2023 UCI Europe Tour was the nineteenth season of the UCI Europe Tour.

Throughout the season, points were awarded to the top finishers of stages within stage races and the final general classification standings of each of the stages races and one-day events. The quality and complexity of a race also determined how many points were awarded to the top finishers, the higher the UCI rating of a race, the more points were awarded.

The UCI ratings from highest to lowest were as follows:

Multi-day events: 2.Pro, 2.1 and 2.2

One-day events: 1.Pro, 1.1 and 1.2
Public housing estates in Hung Hom, To Kwa Wan and Ma Tau Wai
The following is an overview of public housing estates in Hung Hom, To Kwa Wan and Ma Tau Wai, of Kowloon City District, Hong Kong, including Home Ownership Scheme (HOS), Private Sector Participation Scheme (PSPS), and Tenant Purchase Scheme (TPS) estates.

Whampoa Garden
Whampoa Garden (Chinese: 黃埔花園; Jyutping: wong4 bou3 faa1 jyun4) is the largest private housing estate in Hung Hom, Kowloon, Hong Kong. It was built on the site of the former Whampoa Dockyards by Hutchison Whampoa Property. The urban design of the estate incorporates concepts inspired by the Garden city movement and was completed in 1991.
71 Ophiuchi
71 Ophiuchi is a single star in the equatorial constellation of Ophiuchus. It is visible to the naked eye as a faint, yellow-hued point of light with an apparent visual magnitude of 4.64. The star is located approximately 273 light years away from the Sun based on parallax, and is moving closer with a radial velocity of −3 km/s.

At the estimated age of 400 million years, this is an aging giant star with a stellar classification of G8III, having exhausted the supply of hydrogen at its core and expanded to around 13 times the Sun's radius. It is a red clump giant, which means it is on the horizontal branch and is generating energy through helium fusion at its core. The star has 2.9 times the mass of the Sun and is radiating 89 times the Sun's luminosity from its swollen photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,001 K.

Horizontal branch
The horizontal branch (HB) is a stage of stellar evolution that immediately follows the red-giant branch in stars whose masses are similar to the Sun's. Horizontal-branch stars are powered by helium fusion in the core (via the triple-alpha process) and by hydrogen fusion (via the CNO cycle) in a shell surrounding the core. The onset of core helium fusion at the tip of the red-giant branch causes substantial changes in stellar structure, resulting in an overall reduction in luminosity, some contraction of the stellar envelope, and the surface reaching higher temperatures.
Action of 19 February 1619
The Action of 19 February 1619 was a naval engagement between Denmark-Norway, under the leadership of Ove Gjedde, and French privateers, which took place on 19 February 1619, during the first Danish expedition to India. Two French vessels were taken and incorporated into the Royal Danish Navy.

Christian IV of Denmark
Christian IV (12 April 1577 – 28 February 1648) was King of Denmark and Norway and Duke of Holstein and Schleswig from 1588 until his death in 1648. His reign of 59 years and 330 days is the longest of any Scandinavian monarch.

A member of the House of Oldenburg, Christian began his personal rule of Denmark-Norway in 1596 at the age of 19. He is remembered as one of the most popular, ambitious, and proactive Danish-Norwegian kings, having initiated many reforms and projects. Christian IV obtained for his kingdoms a level of stability and wealth that was virtually unmatched elsewhere in Europe. He engaged Denmark-Norway in numerous wars, most notably the Thirty Years' War (1618–1648), which devastated much of Germany, undermined the Danish economy, and cost Denmark-Norway some of its conquered territories.
He rebuilt and renamed the Norwegian capital Oslo as Christiania after himself, a name used until 1925.
Fernando Po swift
The Fernando Po swift (Apus sladeniae) is a species of swift in the family Apodidae.

Some taxonomists consider this bird to be a subspecies of the African black swift (Apus barbatus).

It is found in Angola, Cameroon, Equatorial Guinea, and Nigeria.

The specific epithet is for Constance Sladen, who provided financial support for its discovery.

African black swift
The African black swift (Apus barbatus), also known as the African swift or black swift, is a medium-sized bird in the swift family. It breeds in Africa discontinuously from Liberia, Cameroon, Zaire, Uganda and Kenya southwards to South Africa. The "black swifts" of Madagascar and the Comoros are either taken as two subspecies of the African black swift, or otherwise deemed a full species, the Malagasy black swift.
Simon Awad
Simon VII Awad (or Sim'an Awwad, Auwad, Aouad, Arabic: سمعان السابع عوّاد, Latin: Simeon Evodius, born in 1683 in Hasroun, Lebanon – died on February 12, 1756, in El Midane, Lebanon), was the 61st Maronite Patriarch of Antioch from 1743 to his death in 1756.

Giuseppe Simone Assemani
Giuseppe Simone Assemani (Classical Syriac : ܝܵܘܣܸܦ ܒܲܪ ܫܸܡܥܘܿܢ , (Arabic: يوسف بن سمعان السمعاني Yusuf ibn Siman as-Simani, English: Joseph Simon Assemani, Latin: Iosephus Simonius Assemanus; July 27, 1687 – January 13, 1768) was a librarian, Lebanese Maronite orientalist, and Catholic bishop. For his efforts, and his encyclopedic knowledge, he earned the nickname "The Great Assemani".
BeRider
BeRider was a provider of shared electric scooters in the capital city of Prague, Czech Republic. The service was launched on September 3, 2019 and closed in 2023.

The electromobility project came from Škoda Auto DigiLab. The service was intended for users aged 18 and over who hold a driving license of category A, A1, A2, or B. BeRider scooters were located throughout the city within the BeRider zone. Users could register and then reserve, unlock and rent them via the BeRider app.

Electric motorcycles and scooters
Electric motorcycles and scooters are plug-in electric vehicles with two or three wheels. Power is supplied by a rechargeable battery that drives one or more electric motors. Electric scooters are distinguished from motorcycles by having a step-through frame, instead of being straddled. Electric bicycles are similar vehicles, distinguished by retaining the ability to be propelled by the rider pedaling in addition to battery propulsion.

Electric scooters with the rider standing are known as escooters.
Otto Schreier
Otto Schreier (3 March 1901 in Vienna, Austria – 2 June 1929 in Hamburg, Germany) was a Jewish-Austrian mathematician who made major contributions in combinatorial group theory and in the topology of Lie groups.

Combinatorial group theory
In mathematics, combinatorial group theory is the theory of free groups, and the concept of a presentation of a group by generators and relations. It is much used in geometric topology, the fundamental group of a simplicial complex having in a natural and geometric way such a presentation.
A very closely related topic is geometric group theory, which today largely subsumes combinatorial group theory, using techniques from outside combinatorics besides.

It also comprises a number of algorithmically insoluble problems, most notably the word problem for groups; and the classical Burnside problem.
Irakli Komakhidze
Irakli Komakhidze (Georgian: ირაკლი კომახიძე, born 26 March 1997) is a Georgian footballer who plays as an left back for Erovnuli Liga 2 club Gonio.

Komakhidze has spent most of his career at his hometown club Shukura. Being the winner of the Georgian Cup with Iberia 1999, he was a member of national youth teams.

2024 Liga 3 (Georgia)
The 2024 Liga 3 season was the 8th edition under its current title and the 36th edition of third tier football in Georgia. The regular two-round tournament commenced on 7 March and ended on 7 December with two-legged promotion play-offs completed on 16 December. Each team played thirty matches in as many rounds.

There were sixteen teams competing in the league this season. Five of them, namely Borjomi, Guria, Merani Martvili, Merani Tbilisi and Zestaponi had participated in the top tier with the latter being the two-time national champions.

Gori had the longest tenure in the league with the 8th consecutive season while Meshakhte and Bakhmaro entered into the seventh year. On the other hand, Gonio were the only team to have made their debut in Liga 3.
1964 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1964 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 54th completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Oylegate–Glenbrien entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 18 October 1964 at the O'Kennedy Park in New Ross, between Enniscorthy Shamrocks and Faythe Harriers. Enniscorthy Shamrocks won the match by 1–13 to 2–09 to claim their first ever championship title.

Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The Wexford Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Pettitt's SuperValu Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Wexford GAA clubs. The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1889.

St Martin's are the title holders after defeating Rathnure by 2-14 to 0–16 in the final.
Napp Pharmaceuticals
Napp Pharmaceuticals Limited is a private pharmaceutical company in Cambridge, United Kingdom. The company was founded in 1923, and bought by the Sackler family in 1966. Headquartered together with the related Napp Research Centre in the Cambridge Science Park since the 1980s, it is a sister company of Purdue Pharma and Mundipharma, all of which are owned by the descendants of Mortimer and Raymond Sackler.

Mortimer Sackler
Mortimer David Sackler KBE (December 7, 1916 – March 24, 2010) was an American-born  psychiatrist and entrepreneur. He co-owned Purdue Pharma with his brothers Arthur and Raymond, where he oversaw aggressive marketing of OxyContin, which led to an opioid crisis in the United States.

During his lifetime, Sackler's philanthropy included donations to the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Tate Gallery, the Royal College of Art, the Louvre, and Berlin's Jewish Museum.

Sackler died in Gstaad, Switzerland, in March 2010 at 93.
1969 Swindon by-election
The 1969 Swindon by-election of 30 October 1969 was held after Labour Member of Parliament (MP) Francis Noel-Baker resigned from the House of Commons. The seat was won by the Conservative Party in a defeat for Harold Wilson's government.

Swindon (UK Parliament constituency)
Swindon was a parliamentary constituency in the town of Swindon in Wiltshire, England.

It returned one Member of Parliament (MP)  to the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from the 1918 general election until it was abolished for the 1997 general election.

It was then replaced by the two new constituencies of North Swindon and South Swindon.
Rillaton
Rillaton (Cornish: Reslegh) is a hamlet in the parish of Linkinhorne in Cornwall, England. Nearby is the Bronze Age round barrow where the Rillaton Gold Cup was found in 1837.

Rillaton was the head manor of the hundred of East Wivelshire and one of the Antiqua maneria, the original 17 manors belonging to the Earldom of Cornwall. Stara Bridge, a surviving clapper bridge, provides evidence of the economic importance of Rillaton in the Late Middle Ages.

Antiqua maneria
The Antiqua maneria (ancient manors), also known as assessionable manors, were the original 17 manors belonging to the Earldom of Cornwall.

After March 1337, these manors were transferred to the new Duchy of Cornwall created by King Edward III  to provide financial support to his son Edward, the Black Prince (1330–1376). These manors were referred to as assessionable manors because they were leased under assession leases, which were renewed periodically.

The table below shows the 17 Antiqua maneria, including the number and status of Customary tenants in the early fourteenth century. The manors vary greatly in both size and importance. The parishes listed are the modern parishes, rather than those that existed in the 14th century.
Timothy Shea
Timothy Shea is an American attorney and prosecutor who served as acting Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration from 2020 to 2021. Previously, he was interim United States attorney for the District of Columbia, the country's largest U.S. attorney's office; a senior counselor to U.S. Attorney General William Barr at the Department of Justice; a lobbyist; and private corporate lawyer.

During his short tenure as U.S. attorney, Shea took the controversial step of calling for a dismissal of charges against Trump associate Michael Flynn, even though Flynn had already pleaded guilty. Shea also intervened in the criminal case against convicted Trump associate Roger Stone, recommending a lighter sentence for Stone than the career prosecutors who had worked on the case.

Administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration
The administrator of the Drug Enforcement Administration is the head of the Drug Enforcement Administration, a United States federal law enforcement agency under the United States Department of Justice, tasked with combating drug trafficking and distribution within the United States.

The administrator is appointed by the president of the United States and confirmed by the U.S. Senate. The administrator reports to the attorney general through the deputy attorney general. The administrator is assisted by a deputy administrator, the chief of operations, the chief inspector, and three assistant administrators (for the operations support, intelligence, and human resources divisions). Other senior staff include the chief financial officer and the chief counsel. The administrator and deputy administrator are the only presidentially appointed personnel in the DEA; all other DEA officials are career government employees.
Blimbing, Mandiraja
Blimbing (Indonesian pronunciation: [ˈblimbɪŋ]) is a village in the town of Mandiraja, Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java Province, Indonesia. This village has an area of 97,56 hectares and a population of 2.005 inhabitants in 2010.

Mandiraja, Banjarnegara
Mandiraja (Indonesian pronunciation: [mandiˈrad͡ʒa]) is a district (kecamatan) in Banjarnegara Regency, Central Java, Indonesia. The district has an area of 52.62 km², with a population of 78,090 people at the 2020 Indonesian population census, and which was officially estimated to have reached 83,462 in mid 2024. Mandiraja is also 6 km east of the General Sudirman Airport.
Dancia Penn
Ruth Dancia Penn, OBE KC (born 1951) is a British Virgin Islands politician and former Deputy Governor of the British Virgin Islands from 20 September 2004 to 1 April 2007. She also formerly served as the Attorney General of the British Virgin Islands from 1992 to 1999.

Penn was the first woman to be appointed Deputy Governor, and the first British Virgin Islander to serve as Attorney General.

She served briefly as the acting Governor of the British Virgin Islands during 2006 in the gap between Tom Macan leaving office and David Pearey taking up his appointment.

Professionally Dancia Penn goes by her maiden name, but her legal name has been changed to Mrs Dancia Penn-Sallah since her marriage to Captain Sallah, former Registrar of Ships in the British Virgin Islands.

David Pearey
David Pearey (born 15 July 1948) was the Governor of the British Virgin Islands from 18 April 2006 to 5 August 2010. He was appointed by Queen Elizabeth II on the advice of the British government, to represent the Queen in the territory, and to act as the de facto head of state.

Prior to his appointment as governor, Pearey served as High Commissioner to Malawi from 2004 to 2005.
2024 Italian Basketball Cup
The 2024 Italian Basketball Cup, known as the Frecciarossa Final Eight 2024 for sponsorship reasons, was the 48th edition of Italy's national cup tournament. The competition was managed by the Lega Basket for LBA clubs. The tournament was played from 14 to 18 February 2024 in Turin, Piedmont, at the end of the first half of the 2023–24 LBA season.

Germani Brescia were the defending champions.

Italian Basketball Cup
The Italian Basketball Cup (Italian: Coppa Italiana di Pallacanestro), or Coppa Italia, is an annual professional basketball competition between pro clubs from the Italian Basketball League (LBA). It is Italy's first-tier cup competition, and is not to be confused with Italy's second-tier cup competition, the Italian Legadue Cup.
Metropolitan Community Church of Toronto
The Metropolitan Community Church of Toronto is a congregation of the worldwide Metropolitan Community Church movement located in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and is a welcoming congregation openly affirming lesbian, gay, bisexual, heterosexual and transgender people.  MCC Toronto was instrumental in changing the law on same sex marriage in Ontario, when two same-sex marriage ceremonies performed at the church on January 14, 2001, initiated the process leading to the Halpern v Canada (AG) decision of 2003.

MCC Toronto is now the largest Metropolitan Community Church congregation in terms of membership. On Christmas Eve and during Pride Toronto, the church holds services at special venues, as the popularity of the events exceed's the church building's capacity. The Christmas service is held at Roy Thomson Hall, while the Pride service is held on Church Street in the heart of the Church and Wellesley village.

Church and Wellesley
Church and Wellesley is an LGBT-oriented enclave in Toronto, Ontario, Canada.  It is roughly bounded by Gerrard Street to the south, Yonge Street to the west, Charles Street to the north, and Jarvis Street to the east, with the core commercial strip located along Church Street from Wellesley south to Alexander.  Though some LGBT-oriented establishments can be found outside this area, the general boundaries of this village have been defined by the Gay Toronto Tourism Guild.
Mulgildie
Mulgildie /ˈmʌlɡɪldi/ (formerly Mulgeldie) is a rural town and locality in the North Burnett Region, Queensland, Australia. In the 2021 census, the locality of Mulgildie had a population of 147 people.

North Burnett Region
The North Burnett Region is a local government area in Queensland, Australia in the northern catchment of the Burnett River. Established in 2008, it was preceded by several previous local government areas with histories extending back to the early 1900s.

It has an estimated operating budget of A$32  million.

In the 2021 census, the North Burnett Region had a population of 10,068 people.
Robert S. McElvaine
Robert S. McElvaine (born January 24, 1947) is Elizabeth Chisholm Professor of Arts and Letters and Chair of the Department of History at Millsaps College in Jackson, Mississippi, and the author of eight books and the editor of three. He is considered a historian of the Great Depression.. McElvaine is also known for his work on the centrality of misperceptions of differences and inequality between the sexes in the unfolding of human history.

His latest book, The Times They Were a-Changin’ – 1964: The Year the Sixties Arrived and the Battle Lines of Today Were Drawn, was published by Arcade (distributed by Simon & Schuster) in June 2022.

The Chronicle of Higher Education
The Chronicle of Higher Education is an American newspaper and website that presents news, information, and jobs for college and university faculty and student affairs professionals, including staff members and administrators. A subscription is required to read some articles.

The Chronicle is based in Washington, D.C., and is a major news service covering U.S. academia. It is published every weekday online and appears weekly in print except for every other week in May, June, July, and August and the last three weeks in December. In print, The Chronicle is published in two sections: Section A with news, section B with job listings, and The Chronicle Review, a magazine of arts and ideas. It also publishes Arts & Letters Daily.
Anders Dahl-Nielsen
Anders Dahl-Nielsen (born 27 January 1951) is a Danish former handball player and coach. He competed in three olympics; the 1976 Summer Olympics, in the 1980 Summer Olympics, and in the 1984 Summer Olympics. At the height of his career he was regarded as one of the best handball players of his time. In 1977 he was awarded the best male player of the year in the Danish League.

EHF European League
The EHF European League is an annual men's handball club competition organised by the European Handball Federation (EHF) since 1981. It is the second-tier competition of European club handball, ranking only below the EHF Champions League. Previously called the EHF Cup, the competition will be known as the EHF European League from the season 2020–21. SG Flensburg-Handewitt are the current holders.
Tuareg languages
Tuareg (English:  /ˈtwɑːrɛɡ/), also known as Tamasheq (English:  /ˈtæməʃɛk/), Tamajaq or Tamahaq (Tifinagh: ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵌⴰⵆ), is a group of closely related Berber varieties. They are spoken by the Tuareg Berbers in large parts of Mali, Niger, Algeria, Libya, and Burkina Faso, with a few speakers, the Kinnin, in Chad.

Glottal stop
A glottal stop or glottal plosive is a type of consonantal sound used in many spoken languages, produced by obstructing airflow in the vocal tract or, more precisely, the glottis. It is familiar to English-speakers as the catch in the middle of "uh-oh". The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʔ⟩.

As a result of the action of the glottis, glottal vibration either stops or becomes irregular with a low rate and sudden drop in intensity.