hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tolo Highway
Tolo Highway (Chinese: 吐露港公路; Cantonese Yale: tou3 lou6 gong2 gung1 lou6) is a major expressway on Route 9 in Hong Kong. It connects the new towns of Sha Tin and Tai Po in the eastern New Territories, forming part of the New Territories Circular Road.

The 11.3-kilometre (7.0 mi) highway, constructed in three stages between 1985 and 1987, was so named as it skirts the western edge of Tolo Harbour.

Tai Po Road
Tai Po Road (Chinese: 大埔公路) is the second longest road in Hong Kong (after Castle Peak Road). It spans from Sham Shui Po in Kowloon to Tai Po in the New Territories of Hong Kong. Initially, the road was named Frontier Road.
HNK Orašje
HNK Orašje (Croatian: Hrvatski nogometni klub Orašje, lit. 'Croatian Football Club Orašje') is a professional association football club from the town of Orašje that is situated in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The club was founded in 1996, being one of the newest to play in the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Orašje plays its home matches on the Gradski Stadion ("City Stadium"), which has a capacity of 3,000 seats. The team's colours are red and white. The club currently plays in the First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

After winning the Bosnian cup competition in 2006, they secured a place in the UEFA Cup for the first time in their history. They were kicked out in the first preliminary round after two matches with Slovenian side NK Domžale. The Cup title of 2006 is their only big result so far. The fans of the club are known as the Red Warriors.

First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Croatian: Prva liga Federacije Bosne i Hercegovine; Serbian: Прва лига Федерације Босне и Херцеговине), officially known as the WWin First League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina for sponsorship purposes, is a football league in Bosnia and Herzegovina. Together with the First League of the Republika Srpska, it forms the second level of football in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The league consists of 14 teams. Each team plays a total of 26 games during the course of a regular season, twice each team (once at home and once away). The league champion is promoted to the Premier League of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Relegated teams fall to the Second League of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The number of relegated clubs depends on how many teams will enter the competition the following seasons which is decided seasonally by the Football Association. Depending on the outcome, two to three teams can be relegated.
Debunking 9/11 Myths
Debunking 9/11 Myths: Why Conspiracy Theories Can't Stand Up to the Facts is a non-fiction book  published by Hearst Communications, Inc. on August 15, 2006. The book is based on the article "9/11: Debunking the Myths" in the March 2005 issue of Popular Mechanics and is written by David Dunbar and Brad Reagan, responding to various 9/11 conspiracy theories. The authors interviewed over 300 sources for the book, relying on expert and witness accounts.

Popular Mechanics
Popular Mechanics (often abbreviated as PM or PopMech) is a magazine of popular science and technology, featuring automotive, home, outdoor, electronics, science, do it yourself, and technology topics. Military topics, aviation and transportation of all types, space, tools and gadgets are commonly featured.

It was founded in 1902 by Henry Haven Windsor, who was the editor and—as owner of the Popular Mechanics Company—the publisher. For decades, the tagline of the monthly magazine was "Written so you can understand it." In 1958, PM was purchased by the Hearst Corporation, now Hearst Communications.

In 2013, the US edition changed from twelve to ten issues per year, and in 2014 the tagline was changed to "How your world works." The magazine added a podcast in recent years, including regular features Most Useful Podcast Ever and How Your World Works.
Gundeshapur
Gundeshapur (Middle Persian: 𐭥𐭧𐭩𐭠𐭭𐭣𐭩𐭥𐭪𐭱𐭧𐭯𐭥𐭧𐭥𐭩, Weh-Andiōk-Ŝābuhr; New Persian: گندی‌شاپور, Gondēshāpūr) was the intellectual centre of the Sasanian Empire founded by the Sasanian emperor Shapur I. Gundeshapur was home to a teaching hospital and had a library and an ancient higher-learning institution, the  Academy of Gondishapur. It has been identified with extensive ruins south of Jandi Shapur, a village 14 km southeast of Dezful, along the road to Shushtar in Khuzestan province in southwestern Iran.

The city declined after the Muslim conquest of Persia; the city surrendered in 638. It continued to remain an essential centre in the Islamic period. Ya'qub ibn al-Layth al-Saffar, the founder of the Saffarid dynasty, made Gundeshapur his residence three years before his sudden death in 879. His tomb became one of the most prominent sites in the city.

Middle Persian
Middle Persian, also known by its endonym Pārsīk or Pārsīg  (Inscriptional Pahlavi script: 𐭯𐭠𐭫𐭮𐭩𐭪, Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫀𐫡𐫘𐫏𐫐‎, Avestan script: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬯𐬍𐬐) in its later form, is a Western Middle Iranian language which became the literary language of the Sasanian Empire. For some time after the Sasanian collapse, Middle Persian continued to function as a prestige language. It descended from Old Persian, the language of the Achaemenid Empire and is the linguistic ancestor of Modern Persian, the official language of Iran (also known as Persia), Afghanistan (Dari) and Tajikistan (Tajik).
Zavala, Texas
Zavala was a town in Jasper County, Texas, United States, founded in 1834.  Named for empresario Lorenzo de Zavala, the town was founded on land owned by Thomas Huling and situated along the Angelina River.  The approximately 40 families who lived in the town subsisted by farming or logging.  The town last appeared on a list of communities in the county in 1878 and has since been abandoned. It is not to be confused with the city of Zavalla, which lies only 20 miles to the northwest, in Angelina County.

Empresario
An empresario (Spanish pronunciation: [em.pɾe.ˈsaɾ.jo]) was a person who had been granted the right to settle on land in exchange for recruiting and taking responsibility for settling the eastern areas of Coahuila y Tejas in the early nineteenth century.

Since empresarios attracted immigrants mostly from the Southern United States, they encouraged the spread of slavery into Texas. Although Mexico banned slavery in 1829, the settlers in Texas revolted in 1835 and continued to develop the economy, dominated by slavery, in the eastern part of the territory.
Mariéme Jamme
Marieme Jamme (born 1974) is a Senegalese-born French-British businesswoman and technology activist. In 2016 she founded the iamtheCODE Foundation and served on the World Wide Web Foundation board. In 2017, Quartz Africa included Jamme in their "Quartz Africa Innovators 2017" list. In 2013 she was nominated as a Young Global Leader at the World Economic Forum. In 2017, she won the Innovation Award at the Global Goals Award as a Goalkeepers for her work in advancing the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals, curated by UNICEF and the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation, for globally supporting girls and young women and advancing the UN's Sustainable Development Goals. That same year, she was listed as one of BBC's 100 Women.

World Wide Web Foundation
The World Wide Web Foundation, also known as the Web Foundation, was a US-based international nonprofit organization advocating for a free and open web for everyone. It was cofounded by Tim Berners-Lee, the inventor of the World Wide Web, and Rosemary Leith. Announced in September 2008 in Washington, D.C., the Web Foundation launched operations in November 2009 at the Internet Governance Forum.

The Web Foundation aims to expand global internet access and ensure the web is a safe, empowering platform for everyone to use freely and beneficially. One of its former board members was Gordon Brown, former prime minister of the United Kingdom.

On 27th September 2024, Tim Berners-Lee announced that the World Wide Web Foundation was shutting down, which was also announced on their home page.
Jack McDaniels
Jack McDaniels (born December 21, 1998) is an American football coach and former quarterback who is currently the Senior Offensive Analyst at Central Michigan. McDaniels has also been a Quarterback Coach and Coordinator at the FCS level with Georgetown University.  He played college football at Delaware State and West Alabama.

Central Michigan Chippewas football
The Central Michigan Chippewas are a college football program in Division I FBS, representing Central Michigan University (CMU). CMU has the 24th highest overall winning percentage of programs playing in NCAA Division I.

The Chippewas have played in six bowl games in the last nine years, most recently defeating Washington State in the 2021 Sun Bowl. CMU drew 60,624 fans in the 2007 Motor City Bowl. CMU has played a total of eighteen post-season games (conference championships and bowl games), winning seven.
Wang Zhang
Wang Zhang (Chinese: 王章) (died December 24, 950) was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period state Later Han.  Wang was one of the key officials that Later Han's founding emperor Liu Zhiyuan (Emperor Gaozu) left in charge of the government during the youth of his son and successor Liu Chengyou (Emperor Yin), but Liu Chengyou eventually tired of these officials' governance and had Wang killed, along with Yang Bin and Shi Hongzhao.

Later Han (Five Dynasties)
Han, known as the Later Han (simplified Chinese: 后汉; traditional Chinese: 後漢; pinyin: Hòu Hàn) in historiography, was a short-lived imperial dynasty of China that existed from 947 to 951. It was the fourth of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period in Chinese history, and the third consecutive Shatuo-led Chinese dynasty, although other sources indicate that the Later Han emperors claimed patrilineal Han ancestry. It was among the shortest-lived of all Chinese regimes, lasting for slightly under four years before it was overthrown by a rebellion that resulted in the founding of the Later Zhou dynasty. Remnants of the Later Han then founded the Northern Han dynasty.
Creveney shale mining operation
The Creveney shale mining operation, managed by Société des Schistes et Pétroles de Franche-Comté (SPF) for the manufacture of the fuel known as Natioline, comprises an open-pit oil shale mine and an oil distillation plant. It is located at Creveney, in the Haute-Saône region of eastern France.

Between 1929 and 1936, this industry mined 20,000 tons of pyro schist of the Toarcian age, with industrial production in 1934 employing around 80 people. This rock is distilled to obtain shale oil, which is then refined. To promote this fuel, Natioline, a car raid was organized in the French colonies, the “African technical cruise."

At the beginning of the 21st century, some (polluted) remnants of the installations and the extraction area remain, but the most important will be demolished before 2022.

Toarcian
The Toarcian is, in the ICS' geologic timescale, an age and stage in the Early or Lower Jurassic. It spans the time between 184.2 Ma (million years ago) and 174.7 ±0.8 Ma.  It follows the Pliensbachian and is followed by the Aalenian.

The Toarcian Age began with the Toarcian Oceanic Anoxic Event, a major anoxic event associated with marine extinctions and increased global temperatures  that sets its fossil faunas apart from the previous Pliensbachian age. It is believed to have ended with a global cooling event known as the Comptum Cooling Event, although whether it represented a worldwide event is controversial.
Xylocopa lieftincki
Xylocopa lieftincki or Xylocopa (Koptortosoma) lieftincki is a species of carpenter bee. It is endemic to Australia. It was described in 2000 by Australian entomologist Remko Leys. The species was previously overlooked because of its resemblance to Xylocopa aruana.

Xylocopa aruana
Xylocopa aruana or Xylocopa (Koptortosoma) aruana, also known as the great carpenter bee, is a species of carpenter bee. It is native to Australasia. It was described in 1876 by Dutch entomologist Coenraad Ritsema.
Brij Narayan
Brij Narayan (Hindi: बृज नारायण; IAST: Bṛj Nārāyaṇ) (born 25 April 1952) is an Indian classical musician who plays the string instrument sarod. Narayan was born in the Indian state Rajasthan and began to study sarod from a young age under his father Ram Narayan and other teachers. He won the All India Radio instrumentalist competition in 1967 and accompanied his father on a tour to Afghanistan in 1969. Narayan graduated from the University of Mumbai in 1972 and has since worked on movies and toured Africa, Europe, and America.

All India Radio
All India Radio (AIR), also known as Akashvani (lit. 'Voice from the sky'  or 'Oracle'), is India's state-owned public radio broadcaster. Founded in 1936, it operates under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting and is one of the two divisions of Prasar Bharati. Headquartered at the Akashvani Bhavan in New Delhi, it houses the Drama Section, FM Section, and National Service. It also serves as the home of the Indian television station Doordarshan Kendra.

All India Radio is one the largest radio network in the world in terms of the number of languages broadcast, the socioeconomic diversity it serves, and the scale of its broadcasting organisation. AIR's domestic service includes 420 stations nationwide, covering nearly 92% of India's geographic area and 99.19% of its population, with programming available in 23 languages and 179 dialects.
Victoria Kinoiki Kekaulike
Victoria Kūhiō Kinoiki Kekaulike II (1843–1884) was a Princess of the Kingdom of Hawaiʻi. Her name also sometimes spelled as Kinoike Kekaulike has been written as Mary Kinoiki Kekaulike in many sources.: 204  Her name Kekaulike translates as "the equality" in Hawaiian.

Princess
Princess is a title used by a female member of a regnant monarch's family or by a female ruler of a principality. The male equivalent is a prince (from Latin princeps, meaning principal citizen). Most often, the term has been used for the consort of a prince, or for the daughter of a monarch. A crown princess can be the heir apparent to the throne or the spouse of the heir apparent.
Third Lee Hsien Loong Cabinet
The Third Cabinet of Lee Hsien Loong of the Government of Singapore came into existence on 21 May 2011 following the 2011 general election. While many of its members were retained from the previous government, Heng Swee Keat and Chan Chun Sing, who had both just been elected, were given ministerial appointments.

With effect from 1 August 2012, Grace Fu became only the second woman in Singapore's history to be made a full minister by being appointed a Minister in the Prime Minister's Office. (The first was Lim Hwee Hua.) From 1 November, Chan Chun Sing assumed the designation of Acting Minister for Social and Family Development, while Lawrence Wong was brought into the Cabinet for the first time as Acting Minister for Culture, Community and Youth.

Lim Hwee Hua
Lim Hwee Hua (née Tan; Chinese: 陈惠华; pinyin: Chén Huìhuá; born 26 February 1959) is a Singaporean former politician. A former member of the governing People's Action Party (PAP), Lim has been the Member of Parliament (MP) for the Serangoon division of Marine Parade Group Representation Constituency (GRC) between 1996 and 2006, and the same division in Aljunied GRC between 2006 and 2011.

Lim has served as Minister in the Prime Minister's Office, Second Minister for Finance and Second Minister for Transport concurrently between 2009 and 2011. She has served as  served as Deputy Speaker of Parliament between 2002 and 2004, Senior Minister of State for Finance and Senior Minister of State for Transport concurrently between 2008 and 2009, and Minister of State for Finance and Minister of State for Transport concurrently between 2004 and 2008.
Harley Farnsworth MacNair
Harley Farnsworth MacNair  (b. 22 July 1891 Greenfields, Pennsylvania - d. Chicago, 22 June 1947) was a scholar and academic specialist in the modern international relations of East Asia. After graduation from University of Redlands, he taught first at St. John's University, an Episcopal institution in Shanghai, then at University of Chicago from 1931 until his death. He was known for his prolific writing on modern Chinese history, diplomacy, and politics. In 1935 he married Florence Wheelock Ayscough (1878-1942) a noted translator of Chinese poetry.

St. John's University, Shanghai
St. John's University (SJU) was a Christian university in Shanghai. It was founded in 1879 by American missionaries.

After the founding of the People's Republic of China, the Communist government closed the university in 1952. Most of its faculty members, students and library collections were transferred to East China Normal University or moved to Taiwan, where the university was reestablished as St. John's University, Taipei. A postwar board of governors moved the mainland assets of the university to Hong Kong, founding Chung Chi College, a part of the Chinese University of Hong Kong. Its former campus at Shanghai is now the urban campus of the East China University of Political Science and Law.
Jean-François De Sart
Jean-François de Sart (born 18 December 1961 at Waremme) is a former Belgian football player. He is the former coach of the Belgium national under-21 football team and has last worked as Director of football for Standard Liège. While at R.F.C. de Liège he helped them win the 1989–90 Belgian Cup, and he also won the 1992–93 Belgian First Division title while at Anderlecht.

He also works part-time as a football pundit on Belgian television.

He is the father of Julien De Sart and Alexis De Sart, both represented Standard Liège at Youth and Senior level, with Julien playing in the English Championship for Middlesbrough until 2018.

RFC Liège
Royal Football Club de Liège (more commonly known as RFC Liège) is a professional football club based in Liège, capital of Liège Province, Belgium. The team currently play in  Challenger Pro League, the second tier in Belgian football. Its matricule is 4, meaning that it was the fourth club to register with the country's national federation (founded 1895), and the club was the first Belgian champion in history (5 Championships & 1 Cup). The 'philosophy' of the club is based on integration of local young players and on popular and faithful support. The club was also known for being 'homeless' between 1995 and 2015, but is now playing on its own ground in the Rocourt area of Liège.

In 1990, FC Liège precipitated a ground-breaking ruling for European football, when its refusal to release Jean-Marc Bosman after his contract ran out led to the Bosman ruling, a European Court of Justice decision that caused major changes to the structure of European football.
Guy Opperman
Guy Thomas Opperman (born 18 May 1965) is a British former politician who served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Roads and Local Transport from November 2023 to July 2024. He previously served as Parliamentary Under-Secretary of State for Pensions and Financial Inclusion at the Department for Work and Pensions between 2017 and 2022 and Minister of State for Employment from 2022 to 2023. A member of the Conservative Party, he served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Hexham from 2010 to 2024, when he lost his seat in the general election to Joe Morris of the Labour Party.

Minister of State for Transport
The Minister of State for Rail is a mid-level ministerial position in the Department for Transport of the Government of the United Kingdom. The minister is deputy to the Secretary of State for Transport.
Arutperunjothi
Arutperunjothi is a 1971 Indian Tamil language devotional film based on the life of Ramalinga Swamigal (popularly known as Vallalar) directed by A. T. Krishnaswamy, starring Master Sridhar, A. P. Nagarajan, K. A. Thangavelu, M. Saroja, Devaki, and T. S. Balaiah. It was released on 5 June 1971.

T. S. Balaiah
Thirunelveli Subramaniyan Balaiah (21 August 1912 – 22 July 1972) was an Indian actor. He is best known for playing supporting roles in Tamil films. Born in Sundankottai, near Sathankulam in Thoothukudi, Balaiah was introduced to the cine field by director Ellis R. Dungan in Sathi Leelavathi (1936), along with M. G. Ramachandran, N. S. Krishnan and M. K. Radha. He was one of the very few actors who excelled as a villain, as well as in character roles and comic roles.
K.V. Diksmuide-Oostende
K.V. Diksmuide-Oostende, formerly K.S.V. Diksmuide, is a Belgian football club from Oostende, previously Diksmuide. The club is affiliated with the Royal Belgian Football Association under matricule number 1972, which it retained following its merger and currently play in Belgian Division 2, the fourth tier of Belgian football.

Belgian Division 2
The Belgian Division 2, commonly referred to as simply Tweede Afdeling (in Dutch) or Division 2 (in French) is the fourth-highest division in the Belgian football league system, one level below the Belgian National Division 1. It was created by the Royal Belgian Football Association in 2016, replacing the Belgian Third Division and named Belgian Second Amateur Division until the 2019–20 before it was renamed due to the negative connotation of the word amateur. The division consists of three separate leagues with 16 teams each. Two of these leagues consist of teams playing with a license from the Voetbalfederatie Vlaanderen (VV, the Dutch speaking wing of the RBFA) and one with teams with a license from the Association des Clubs Francophones de Football (ACFF, the French-speaking wing of the RBFA).
Dot to Dot Festival
The Dot To Dot Festival is an annual music festival taking place since 2005, currently held at various venues in Nottingham, Bristol and previously Manchester across May bank holiday weekend.

Previous artists that have performed at the festival include Dua Lipa, Ed Sheeran, Florence & The Machine, Lewis Capaldi, London Grammar, Wolf Alice, Years & Years, Beach House, Catfish and The Bottlemen, Fontaines D.C., Ghetts, Metronomy and many more.

Unlike weekend music festivals such as the Reading and Leeds Festivals, there is no artist rotation – all artists play one city the first day and travel to the other for the following day.

The festival has just announced artists for their 2025 event include The Horrors, Fat Dog, SPRINTS, Big Special, Kate Bollinger, Låpsley, Honeyglaze and more, all set to head to Bristol on 24th May 2025 and Nottingham on 25th May 2025.

Ghetts
Justin Jude Clarke-Samuel (born 9 October 1984), better known by his stage name Ghetts (formerly Ghetto), is a British grime MC, rapper, songwriter and actor. His music has been played on national radio stations such as BBC Radio 1, Kiss 100, BBC Asian Network, and BBC Radio 1Xtra. He released his debut studio album, Rebel with a Cause, via independent record label Disrupt on 9 March 2014. Known for his hard hitting lyrics and intricate rhyme schemes, he is associated and has toured internationally with such acts as Kano and was a member of N.A.S.T.Y. Crew.

In 2021 he won the Best Male Act at the Mobo Awards and in 2024 received the Mobo Pioneer award for his "significant contribution to British black culture".

Ghetts was charged with causing death by dangerous driving following a hit-and-run in Ilford, London in October 2025. He pled guilty to the charge on 8 December 2025.
Travis Moran
Travis Moran (born (1985-08-16)16 August 1985) is a former Australian male volleyball player. He was part of the Australia men's national volleyball team. He competed with the national team at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, Greece. He played with Australian Institute of Sport in 2004.

Australian Institute of Sport
The Australian Institute of Sport (AIS) is a high performance sports training institution in Australia. The institute's 66-hectare (163-acre) headquarters were opened in 1981 and are situated in the northern suburb of Bruce, Canberra. The AIS is a division of the Australian Sports Commission (ASC).