hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Medway Tunnel
The Medway Tunnel is a tunnel under the River Medway linking Strood with Chatham in Kent, England.  It forms part of the A289 Medway Towns Northern Relief Road. The Medway Tunnel is the first immersed tube tunnel to be built in England and only the second of this type in the UK, the other at Conwy, North Wales.

Immersed tube
An immersed tube (or immersed tunnel) is a kind of undersea tunnel composed of segments, constructed elsewhere and floated to the tunnel site to be sunk into place and then linked together. They are commonly used for road and rail crossings of rivers, estuaries and sea channels/harbours. Immersed tubes are often used in conjunction with other forms of tunnel at their end, such as a cut and cover or bored tunnel, which is usually necessary to continue the tunnel from near the water's edge to the entrance (portal) at the land surface.
Metropark station
Metropark station is an intermodal transportation hub in the Iselin section of Woodbridge Township, Middlesex County, New Jersey. Owned and operated by NJ Transit, the station services trains on the agency's Northeast Corridor Line along with several Amtrak services, including the Acela, Crescent, Keystone Service, Northeast Regional, Palmetto, and Vermonter. Several other Amtrak trains bypass the station. NJ Transit also operates five bus routes that loop from Metropark.

The station is near the interchange of Route 27 and Garden State Parkway near exits 131 and 132. and has a multi-story parking facility that is open at all times.

The station, built by the New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) and the United States Department of Transportation, opened on November 14, 1971, as Garden State Metropark. It was built as a suburban park-and-ride stop for the then-new high-speed rail Metroliners.

New Jersey Department of Transportation
The New Jersey Department of Transportation (NJDOT) is the agency responsible for transportation issues and policy in New Jersey, including maintaining and operating the state's highway and public road system, planning and developing transportation policy, and assisting with rail, freight, and intermodal transportation issues. It is headed by the Commissioner of Transportation. The present acting commissioner is Francis K. O'Connor.
Newton County School System
The Newton County Schools System is a public school district in Newton County, Georgia, United States, based in Covington.

It includes all areas of the county except for areas in Social Circle; portions in Social Circle are in the Social Circle City School District. It serves the communities of Covington, Mansfield, Newborn, Oxford, and Porterdale.

Social Circle City School District
The Social Circle City School District is a public school district in Walton County, Georgia, United States, based in Social Circle. It serves the city of Social Circle, which extends into Newton County.
Inceptisol
Inceptisols are a soil order in USDA soil taxonomy. They form quickly through alteration of parent material. They are more developed than Entisols. They have no accumulation of clays, iron oxide, aluminium oxide or organic matter. They have an ochric or umbric horizon and a cambic subsurface horizon.

In the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), most Inceptisols are Cambisols or Umbrisols. Some may be Nitisols. Many Aquepts belong to Gleysols and Stagnosols.

Entisol
Entisols are soils, as defined under USDA soil taxonomy, that do not show any profile development other than an A-horizon (or “A” horizon). Entisols have no diagnostic horizons, and are unaltered from their parent material, which could be unconsolidated sediment, or rock. Entisols are the most common soils, occupying about 16% of the global ice-free land area.

Because of the diversity of their properties, suborders of entisols form individual Reference Soil Groups in the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB): psamments correlate with arenosols, and fluvents with fluvisols. Many orthents belong to regosols or leptosols. Most wassents and aquic subgroups of other suborders belong to the gleysols.

In Australia, most entisols are known as rudosols or tenosols.
Janda, Afghanistan
Janda (Dari: جنده), (Gilan, Gelan) is a village and the district center of Gelan District, Ghazni Province, Afghanistan. It is situated in the central part of the district at 32°43′37″N 67°38′13″E﻿ / ﻿32.7269°N 67.6369°E﻿ / 32.7269; 67.6369 at 1,983 m altitude. The houses are made of mud bricks and the streets are unpaved.

The town is located within the heartland of the Tarakai tribe of Ghilji Pashtuns.

Ghazni Province
Ghazni (Pashto: غزني, Pashto pronunciation: [ɣaz.ni]; Dari: غزنی, Dari pronunciation: [ɣäz.níː]), is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan, located in southeastern Afghanistan. The province contains 19 districts, encompassing over a thousand villages and roughly 1.3 million people, making it the 5th most populous province. The city of Ghazni serves as the capital. It lies on the important Kabul–Kandahar Highway, and has historically functioned as an important trade center. The Ghazni Airport is located next to the city of Ghazni and provides limited domestic flights to Afghanistan's capital, Kabul.

Ghazni borders the provinces of Maidan Wardak, Logar, Paktia, Paktika, Zabul, Uruzgan, Daykundi and Bamyan.
Artem Vakhitov
Artem Olegovich Vakhitov (Russian: Артё́м Оле́гович Вахитов; born April 4, 1991) is a Russian kickboxer  who competes in the Light heavyweight division of Glory. Having begun practicing Muay Thai at eleven years old, Vakhitov first came to prominence due to a successful amateur career by winning three world championships as well as taking gold in 2013 at the World Combat Games. He turned professional in 2009, and signed with Glory in 2013, where he would twice be crowned the Glory Light Heavyweight Champion.

As of  2 February Vakhitov is ranked the #1 light-heavyweight and #4 pound-for-pound kickboxer in the world by Combat Press.

World Combat Games
The World Combat Games (GAISF World Combat Games / SportAccord World Combat Games) is an international multi-sport event featuring combat sports and martial arts. The games were founded by the Global Association of International Sports Federations (GAISF), now known as SportAccord, as a way of bringing various martial arts and combative sports to an international audience. The World Combat Games are also accompanied by a cultural program that reflects the ancient traditions and values of martial arts, as well as their contribution to modern society. The games are recognised by the International Olympic Committee.

In 2019, it was announced the World Combat Games would be held quadrennially. The host and venue for the 2027 World Combat Games has not been announced.
1992 Nigerian Senate elections in Delta State
The 1992 Nigerian Senate election in Delta State was held on July 4, 1992, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Delta State. Dan Azinge representing Delta North, Francis Okpozo representing Delta South and W.O. Eradajaye representing Delta Central all won on the platform of the Social Democratic Party.

Social Democratic Party (Nigeria)
The Social Democratic Party of Nigeria (SDP) is a centre-left political party in Nigeria. It was created alongside the National Republican Convention by former military president Ibrahim Babangida, as part of a democracy project meant to form two national political parties – one slightly to the left and the other to the right. During the Nigerian Third Republic, it was seen as a moderate party attractive to young radical intellectuals and socialists. Its manifesto advocates for concerted efforts to improve welfare and fight for social justice.
Timeline of women's suffrage in Missouri
This is a timeline of women's suffrage in Missouri. Women's suffrage in Missouri started in earnest after the Civil War. In 1867, one of the first women's suffrage groups in the U.S. was formed, called the Woman Suffrage Association of Missouri. Suffragists in Missouri held conventions, lobbied the Missouri General Assembly and challenged the Supreme Court of the United States (SCOTUS). The case that went to SCOTUS in 1874, Minor v. Happersett was not ruled in the suffragists' favor. Instead of challenging the courts for suffrage, Missouri suffragists continued to lobby for changes in legislation. In April 1919, they gained the right to vote in presidential elections. On July 3, 1919, Missouri becomes the eleventh state to ratify the Nineteenth Amendment.

Missouri General Assembly
The Missouri General Assembly is the state legislature of the U.S. state of Missouri. The bicameral General Assembly is composed of a 34-member Senate and a 163-member House of Representatives. Elections are conducted using first-past-the-post voting in single-member districts of roughly equal population. Members of both houses of the General Assembly are subject to term limits. Senators are limited to two four-year terms and representatives to four two-year terms, a total of 8 years for members of both houses. The General Assembly meets at the Missouri State Capitol in Jefferson City.

Polling from Saint Louis University showed that the General Assembly enjoyed a 45% approval rating in 2024, which was considered "relatively high" compared to other government institutions.
Seki language
Seki, also Baseke, Sheke or Sekiana, is a language indigenous to Equatorial Guinea and Gabon. It had been spoken in villages of Rio Campo and Northern Bata, along the coast, but its native speakers have begun abandoning the language for Spanish, Fang, and Kombe.
Can be related to Kako spoken in the East region of Cameroon and some parts of the west of Central African Republic.

Fang language
Fang (/ˈfɒŋ/) also known as Gabonese or Equatoguinean is a Central African language spoken by around one million people, most of them in Equatorial Guinea, and northern Gabon, where it is the dominant Bantu language; Fang is also spoken in southern Cameroon, the Republic of the Congo, and small fractions of the islands of São Tomé and Príncipe. It is related to the Bulu and Ewondo languages of southern Cameroon.

Between 1970 and 1979, Fang replaced Spanish as the main language of the administration of Equatorial Guinea under the government of Macías Nguema, although it never became official and was imposed during his term, as an attempt to "Africanize" the country.

There are many different variants of Fang in northern Gabon and southern Cameroon. Maho (2009) lists Southwest Fang as a distinct language. The other dialects are Ntumu, Okak, Mekê, Atsi (Batsi), Nzaman and Mveny(Mvaïe).
Antonino Calixto
Antonino "Tony" Gallardo Calixto (born May 10, 1954) is a Filipino businessman and politician. He currently serves as a member of the Philippine House of Representatives representing the Lone District of Pasay. He previously served as mayor of Pasay from 2010 until 2019, vice mayor from 2001 to 2010, and councilor from 1995 to 2001.

Pasay
Pasay, officially the City of Pasay (Filipino: Lungsod ng Pasay; IPA: [ˈpaː.saɪ̯]), is a highly urbanized city in the National Capital Region of the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 453,186 people.

Due to its location just south of Manila, Pasay quickly became an urban town during the American colonial period. It is now best known for being the site of most of Ninoy Aquino International Airport and of complexes such as Newport City and the SM Central Business Park.
Anation
In coordination chemistry, anation is the "replacement of the ligand water by an anion in a coordination entity."  The term is however used more loosely to include displacement of any neutral ligand by an anion.  The reaction is pervasive in coordination chemistry.  The reverse reaction, displacement of an anionic ligand by water, is called aquation.

Aquation
Aquation is the chemical reaction incorporating "one or more integral molecules of water" with or without displacement of other atoms or groups. The term is typically employed to refer to reactions of metal complexes where an anion is displaced by water.  For example, bromopentaamminecobalt(III) undergoes the following aquation reaction to give a metal aquo complex:

[Co(NH3)5Br]2+  +  H2O  →    [Co(NH3)5(H2O)]3+  +  Br−

This reaction is catalyzed both by acid and by base. Acid catalysis involves protonation of the bromide, converting it to a better leaving group. Base hydrolysis proceeds by the SN1cB mechanism, which begins with deprotonation of an ammonia ligand.
Syktyvdinsky District
Syktyvdinsky District (Russian: Сыктывдинский райо́н; Komi: Сыктывдін район, Syktyvdïn rajon) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twelve in the Komi Republic, Russia. It is located in the south of the republic. The area of the district is 7,405 square kilometers (2,859 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Vylgort. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 22,660, with the population of Vylgort accounting for 45.4% of that number.

Komi Republic
The Komi Republic (Russian: Республика Коми; Komi: Коми Республика), sometimes simply referred to as Komi, is a republic of Russia situated in the northeast of European Russia. Its capital is the city of Syktyvkar.

The population of the republic  at the 2021 census was 737,853, down from 901,189 at the 2010 census.
The Old Texas Trail
The Old Texas Trail is a 1944 American Western film directed by Lewis D. Collins and written by William Lively. The film stars Rod Cameron, Eddie Dew, Fuzzy Knight, Ray Whitley, Virginia Christine, Joseph J. Greene, Marjorie Clements, George Eldredge and Edmund Cobb. The film was released on December 15, 1944, by Universal Pictures.

Virginia Christine
Virginia Christine (born Virginia Christine Ricketts; March 5, 1920 – July 24, 1996) was an American stage, radio, film, television, and voice actress. Though Christine had a long career as a character actress in film and television, she may be best remembered as "Mrs. Olson" (or the "Folgers Coffee Woman") in a string of television commercials for Folgers Coffee during the 1960s and 1970s.
Josh Cooper (defensive end)
Joshua Martez Cooper (born December 5, 1980) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2004. He played college football for the Ole Miss Rebels.

Cooper was also a member of the Frankfurt Galaxy, Buffalo Bills, New Orleans Saints  and Florida Tuskers.

Frankfurt Galaxy (NFL Europe)
The Frankfurt Galaxy were a professional American football team that originally played in the World League of American Football and later in the resurrected NFL Europe. The team was based in Frankfurt, Germany and played in the Commerzbank-Arena, formerly called Waldstadion. The Galaxy was the only team in the league to have remained in operation and in the same city throughout the league's existence.

As of 2021, an unrelated team of the same name plays in the European League of Football.
Chad Szeliga
Chad Szeliga (born December 23, 1976) is an American drummer from Elyria, Ohio. Formerly the drummer of rock band Breaking Benjamin, he joined Black Label Society in 2013, replacing Mike Froedge. In 2017, Szeliga replaced Jimmy DeGrasso in Black Star Riders, leaving the band in 2021. He currently drums for Pennsylvania band Turning the Tide. Szeliga cites Vinnie Colaiuta, John Bonham, Steve Gadd, Dennis Chambers, Tony Williams, Manu Katché, Stewart Copeland and Neil Peart as his main influences.

Tony Williams (drummer)
Anthony Tillmon Williams (December 12, 1945 – February 23, 1997) was an American jazz drummer. Williams first gained fame as a member of Miles Davis's "Second Great Quintet", and later pioneered jazz fusion with Davis's group and his own combo, The Tony Williams Lifetime. In 1970, music critic Robert Christgau described him as "probably the best drummer in the world". Williams was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 1986 and the Percussive Arts Society Hall of Fame in 1997.
Alacránite
Alacránite (As8S9) is an arsenic sulfide mineral first discovered in the Uzon caldera, Kamchatka, Russia.  It was named for its occurrence in the Alacrán silver/arsenic/antimony mine. Pampa Larga, Chile. It is generally more rare than realgar and orpiment. Its origin is hydrothermal. It occurs as subhedral to euhedral tabular orange to pale gray crystals that are transparent to translucent. It has a yellow-orange streak with a hardness of 1.5. It crystallizes in the monoclinic crystal system. It occurs with realgar and uzonite as flattened and prismatic grains up to 0.5 mm across.

Hydrothermal circulation
Hydrothermal circulation in its most general sense is the circulation of hot water (Ancient Greek ὕδωρ, water, and θέρμη, heat ). Hydrothermal circulation occurs most often in the vicinity of sources of heat within the Earth's crust. In general, this occurs near volcanic activity, but can occur in the shallow to mid crust along deeply penetrating fault irregularities or in the deep crust related to the intrusion of granite, or as the result of orogeny or metamorphism. Hydrothermal circulation often results in hydrothermal mineral deposits.
2004 Ordina Open
The 2004 Ordina Open was a tennis tournament played on grass courts in Rosmalen, 's-Hertogenbosch in the Netherlands that was part of the International Series of the 2004 ATP Tour and of Tier III of the 2004 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 14 June until 20 June 2004. Michaël Llodra and Mary Pierce won the singles titles.

Michaël Llodra
Michaël Llodra (French pronunciation: [mikaɛl jɔdʁa]; born 18 May 1980) is a French former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the world No. 3 in men's doubles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP), winning 26 career doubles titles, including three majors and an Olympic silver medal. Llodra also had success in singles, winning five career titles and with victories over Novak Djokovic, Juan Martín del Potro, Tomáš Berdych, Robin Söderling, Jo-Wilfried Tsonga, Nikolay Davydenko, Janko Tipsarević and John Isner. Llodra has been called "the best volleyer on tour."
Maarin
Maarin (Arabic: معرين, also spelled Ma'arrin) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Nearby localities include Mahrusah to the west, Jubb Ramlah to the north, Hanjur and Asilah to the northeast, Umm al-Tiyur to the east, Deir al-Salib to the south and Masyaf to the southwest. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Maarin had a population of 1,830 in the 2004 census.

Asilah, Syria
Asilah (Arabic: أصيلة, also spelled Asileh and Asila) is a village in northwestern Syria, administratively part of the Hama Governorate, located west of Hama. Nearby localities include Khunayzir and Mhardeh to the northeast, Maarzaf to the east, Umm al-Tuyur to the southeast, Deir al-Salib to the south, Hanjur to the southwest, Jubb Ramlah to the west, Tell Salhab to the northwest and Safsafiyah to the north. According to the Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Asilah had a population of 5,790 in the 2004 census. Its inhabitants are predominantly Alawites.
Italian cruiser Goito
Goito was a torpedo cruiser built for the Italian Regia Marina (Royal Navy) in the 1880s. She was the lead ship of the Goito class, which included three other vessels. Goito was built by the Regio Cantiere di Castellammare di Stabia shipyard between September 1885 and February 1888. She was armed with a variety of light guns and five 14-inch (356 mm) torpedo tubes, and was capable of a top speed of 18 knots (33 km/h; 21 mph). The ship served the duration of her career in the main Italian fleet. Her early service was primarily occupied with training exercises; front-line duties ended in 1897 when she was converted into a minelayer, though she continued to participate in fleet exercises. During World War I, Goito laid defensive minefields in the Adriatic Sea. She was eventually sold for scrap in 1920 and broken up.

Minelayer
A minelayer is any warship, submarine, military aircraft or land vehicle deploying explosive mines. Since World War I the term "minelayer" refers specifically to a naval ship used for deploying naval mines. "Mine planting" was the term for installing controlled mines at predetermined positions in connection with coastal fortifications or harbor approaches that would be detonated by shore control when a ship was fixed as being within the mine's effective range.

An army's special-purpose combat engineering vehicles used to lay landmines are sometimes called "minelayers".
ORF3d
ORF3d is a gene found in SARS-CoV-2 (the virus that causes COVID-19) and at least one closely related coronavirus found in pangolins, though it is not found in other closely related viruses within the Sarbecovirus subgenus. It is 57 codons long and encodes a novel 57 amino acid residue protein of unknown function. At least two isoforms have been described, of which the shorter 33-residue form, ORF3d-2, may be more highly expressed, or even the only form expressed. It is reported to be antigenic and antibodies to the ORF3d protein occur in patients recovered from COVID-19. There is no homolog in the genome of the otherwise closely related SARS-CoV (which causes the disease SARS).

Genetic code
Genetic code is a set of rules used by living cells to translate information encoded within genetic material (DNA or RNA sequences of nucleotide triplets or codons) into proteins. Translation is accomplished by the ribosome, which links proteinogenic amino acids in an order specified by messenger RNA (mRNA), using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.

The codons specify which amino acid will be added next during protein biosynthesis. With some exceptions, a three-nucleotide codon in a nucleic acid sequence specifies a single amino acid. The vast majority of genes are encoded with a single scheme (see the RNA codon table). That scheme is often called the canonical or standard genetic code, or simply the genetic code, though variant codes (such as in mitochondria) exist.
Aitzaz Hasan
Aitzaz Hasan Bangash SS was a Pakistani student who died on 6 January 2014 while preventing a suicide bomber from entering his school at a Hangu village in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province. More than 2,000 students were attending classes at the time of the incident. The institute was later renamed to Aitzaz Hasan Shaheed High School. His death anniversary is observed annually throughout Pakistan on 6 January. His life is covered by the biographical film Salute.

Aitzaz's successful effort in saving his classmates captured the hearts of the nation, and he was hailed as a Shaheed and national hero. Later, the Government of Pakistan posthumously awarded him Sitara-e-Shujaat (Star of Valour). He was named as the Herald's Person of the Year for 2014.

Herald (Pakistan)
The Herald was a politics and current affairs monthly magazine published by the Dawn Media Group in Karachi, Pakistan, from 1970 to 2019. The Herald was responsible for producing many large and breaking stories since its inception.

It was renamed from The Illustrated Weekly of Pakistan in January 1970, which was published from 1948–1969.

It was Pakistan's most widely read monthly magazine, providing in-depth analyses, investigative reporting and extensive coverage of current affairs. The magazine enjoyed a wide circulation abroad, particularly among academics and Pakistani expatriate communities in the Middle East, United Kingdom and North America.

The "indomitable Razia Bhatti" was the magazine's first editor.

During General Zia’s military dictatorship's tough press censorship, the magazine "maintained its independence with an unusual weapon — the blank space."

It stopped publication after its July 2019 issue, 20 issues short of 600, after nearly 50 years of publication.