hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Japanese in Chicago
Among the Japanese in the Chicago metropolitan area, there are Japanese-American and Japanese expatriate populations.  Early Japanese began arriving around the time of the World's Columbian Exposition of 1893.  During World War II, Japanese-Americans opted to live in Chicago rather than be interned, primarily in camps on the Pacific Coast. In the 20th century, Japanese and Japanese Americans formed local institutions that continue into the 21st century.

Arlington Heights, Illinois
Arlington Heights is a village in Cook County, Illinois, United States. A northwestern suburb of Chicago, it lies about 25 miles (40 km) northwest of the city's downtown. As of the 2020 census, the village's population was 77,676, making it the 15th-most populous municipality in Illinois.

Arlington Heights is known for the former Arlington Park Race Track, home of the Arlington Million, a Breeders' Cup qualifying event; it also hosted the Breeders' Cup World Thoroughbred Championships in 2002.
Trippin' on Sunshine
"Trippin' on Sunshine" is the debut single by British electronic music duo Pizzaman, consisting of John Reid and Norman Cook, released in October 1994, by labels Loaded Records and Cowboy Records, as the first single from their only album, Pizzamania (1995). The "You, me, all of us, are looking for the key..." vocal sample in the song is taken from the 1968 single "World of Love" by Canadian R&B/soul band Mandala. And the "Trippin' on Sunshine" vocal sample is from "Accapella Sunshine" by Rockers Revenge featuring Donnie Calvin.

It peaked at number 33 on the UK Singles Chart, but after the success of the duo's next singles, "Sex on the Streets" and "Happiness", the song was re-released in 1996, this time peaking at number 18. It is their highest-charting single to date. It also reached number two on the UK Dance Chart and number 26 in Scotland.

Happiness (Pizzaman song)
"Happiness" is a song by British electronic music duo Pizzaman, which consisted of John Reid and Norman Cook, released in November 1995 by Loaded Records as the third single from the duo's only album, Pizzamania (1995). The song contains a sample of "Five Songs by Four Voices" performed by English poet, artist and musician Edward Barton, and uses a backbeat from "Break 4 Love" by Raze. "Happiness" peaked at number 19 on the UK Singles Chart and number three on the UK Dance Chart. Its music video was directed by American filmmaker and photojournalist Michael Dominic. Del Monte Foods corporation used the song in a UK fruit juice ad.
Peter Furth
Peter G Furth is a researcher and professor at Northeastern University known for his work in transit planning, traffic signals, and bicycle infrastructure. Furth is also considered an expert on Dutch cycling policy and history. He is an advocate for European style cycling infrastructure to be brought to the United States. Furth developed the concept of "Bicycle Priority Lane markings" in 2009 which have since been implemented in several US cities. He also developed the "Level of Traffic Stress" method for categorizing cycling routes, which has been adopted as an organizing concept for some local cycling maps as well as research.

He is opposed to the concept of "vehicular cycling" developed by John Forester and instead supports the implementation of low-stress cycling networks. Furth is also an advocate for increased pedestrian zones in downtown areas.

Furth is the son of Hans G. Furth, a renowned psychology professor.

John Forester (cyclist)
John Forester (7 October 1929 – 14 April 2020) was an English-American industrial engineer, specializing in bicycle transportation engineering. As cycling activist, he was known as "the father of vehicular cycling", for creating the Effective Cycling program of bicycle training along with its associated book of the same title, and for coining the phrase "the vehicular cycling principle" – "Cyclists fare best when they act and are treated as drivers of vehicles". His published works also included Bicycle Transportation: A Handbook for Cycling Transportation Engineers.

His works have come under criticism for posturing personal preference as fact, for  strongly influencing American traffic engineering in the 1980s against building dedicated cycling infrastructure, and for ignoring peer-reviewed research around cyclist fatality rates on roadways when comparing dedicated cycling infrastructure against vehicular cycling.
Chandramathi Mudaliar
Chandramathi Mudaliar was a 17th-century Tamil chieftain and ruler of south Kongu Nadu (Erode region) who fought many battles against the  Madurai Nayak

Erode Fort was built by Chandramathi Mudaliar and his family. Later it was destroyed by the British.

Chandramathi Mudaliyar was in the genealogy of Senguntha therinja Kaikolar Padai.

Madurai Nayak dynasty
The Madurai Nayaks were a Telugu dynasty who ruled most of modern-day Tamil Nadu, India, with Madurai as their capital. The Madurai Nayaks had their origins in the Balija warrior clans of present-day Andhra Pradesh. The Nayak reign which lasted for over two centuries from around 1529 to 1736 was noted for its achievements in arts, cultural and administrative reforms, revitalization of temples previously ransacked by the Delhi Sultans, and the inauguration of a unique architectural style. It was founded by Vishwanatha Nayaka.

The dynasty consisted of 13 rulers, of whom nine were kings, two were queens, and two were joint-kings. The most notable among them were king Tirumala Nayaka and queen Rani Mangammal. Foreign trade was conducted mainly with the Dutch and the Portuguese, as the British and the French had not yet made inroads into the region.
Pope Dioscorus I of Alexandria
Dioscorus I (Greek: Διόσκορος Α΄ ὁ Ἀλεξανδρείας), also known as Dioscorus the Great, was the pope of Alexandria and patriarch of the See of St. Mark who was deposed by the Council of Chalcedon in 451. He was recognized as patriarch by the Coptic Church until his death. He died in Gangra, Paphlagonia, in September 454. He is venerated as a saint by the Coptic and other Oriental Orthodox Churches.

Dyophysitism
Dyophysitism (/daɪˈɒfɪsaɪtɪzəm/; from Greek δύο dyo, "two" and φύσις physis, "nature") is the Christological position that Jesus Christ is in two distinct, inseparable natures: divine and human. It is accepted by the majority of Christian denominations, including the Catholic Church, Eastern Orthodox Church, Church of the East, Anglicanism, Methodism, Reformed Christianity and Lutheranism. It is rejected by the Oriental Orthodox churches, who hold to Miaphysitism—that Jesus Christ is of two natures united into one composite nature—while rejecting Monophysitism as heresy along with other extant denominations.

Those who subscribe to the "two natures after the union" formula on either Chalcedonian and Nestorian side were referred to as dyophysites (/daɪˈɒfəsaɪts/). It is related to the doctrine of the hypostatic union and prosopic union.
Spanish frigate Berenguela
Berenguela (English: Berengaria) was a screw frigate of the Spanish Navy commissioned in 1857, the first screw frigate to enter service in the Spanish Navy. She took part in the multinational intervention in Mexico in 1861–1862, several actions during the Chincha Islands War of 1865–1866, and the Spanish-Moro conflict in the early 1870s and was the first Spanish Navy ship to transit the Suez Canal. She was disarmed in 1875 and decommissioned in 1877.

Berenguela was named for Berengaria of Castile (1179 or 1180–1246), who was Queen consort of León from 1197 to 1204 and Queen of Castile from June to August 1217.

Naval gunfire support
Naval gunfire support (NGFS), also known as naval surface fire support (NSFS), or shore bombardment, is the use of naval artillery to provide fire support for amphibious assault and other troops operating within their range. NGFS is one of several disciplines encompassed by the term naval fires. Modern naval gunfire support is one of the three main components of amphibious warfare assault operations support, along with aircraft and ship-launched land-attack missiles. Shipborne guns have been used against shore defences since medieval naval warfare.
Capiz Provincial Board
The Capiz Provincial Board is the Sangguniang Panlalawigan (provincial legislature) of the Philippine province of Capiz.

The members are elected via plurality-at-large voting: the province is divided into two districts, each having five seats. A voter votes up to five names, with the top five candidates per district being elected. The vice governor is the ex officio presiding officer, and only votes to break ties. The vice governor is elected via the plurality voting system province-wide.

The districts used in appropriation of members is coextensive with the legislative districts of Capiz.

Aside from the regular members, the board also includes the provincial federation presidents of the Liga ng mga Barangay (ABC, from its old name "Association of Barangay Captains"), the Sangguniang Kabataan (SK, youth councils) and the Philippine Councilors League (PCL).

Sangguniang Panlalawigan
Sangguniang Panlalawigan (abbreviated as SP; lit. 'provincial council'), commonly known as the Provincial Board, are the legislatures in Philippine provinces. They are the legislative branches of the provinces, and their powers and responsibilities are defined by the Local Government Code of 1991. Along with the provincial governor, the executive branch of the province, they form the province's government.

Members are either called "board members" (BM) or "Sangguniang Panlalawigan members" (SPM). In Tagalog-speaking provinces, they are informally called "bokal".
Xi Canis Majoris
The Bayer designation Xi Canis Majoris (ξ CMa / ξ Canis Majoris) is shared by two star systems, in the constellation Canis Major:

ξ¹ Canis Majoris

ξ² Canis Majoris

They are separated by 0.86° on the sky.

ξ¹ Canis Majoris was member of asterism 軍市 (Jūn Shì), Market for Soldiers, Well mansion. ξ² Canis Majoris was not any member of asterism.

Bayer designation
A Bayer designation is a stellar designation in which a specific star is identified by a Greek or Latin letter followed by the genitive form of its parent constellation's Latin name. The original list of Bayer designations contained 1564 stars. The brighter stars were assigned their first systematic names by the German astronomer Johann Bayer in 1603, in his star atlas Uranometria. Bayer catalogued only a few stars too far south to be seen from Germany, but later astronomers (including Nicolas-Louis de Lacaille and Benjamin Apthorp Gould) supplemented Bayer's catalog with entries for southern constellations.
2013 Tre Valli Varesine
The 2013 Tre Valli Varesine was the 93rd edition of the Tre Valli Varesine single-day cycling race. It was held on 23 August 2013, over a distance of 199.5 km. The race started with a circuit in Varese, passed through the three "varesine valley" (Valganna, Valcuvia and Valtravaglia) and another circuit in Luino, and ended in Campione d'Italia on the Lago di Lugano.

The race was won by Kristijan Đurasek (Lampre-Merida), who out-sprinted Bardiani Valvole–CSF Inox's Francesco Bongiorno on the final hill, whereas Alexandr Kolobnev of Team Katusha was third.  The race was decided on the final climb: when Bongiorno attacked with two kilometers to go, only Đurasek could follow the young Italian rider. The two managed to keep themselves few seconds ahead of Kolobnev, who was chasing them alone, and the Croatian rider won the two-men sprint to get his first victory for Lampre-Merida.

Tre Valli Varesine
The Tre Valli Varesine is a semi classic European bicycle race held in Varese, Italy. From 2005 to 2019, the race was organised as a 1.HC event on the UCI Europe Tour. In 2021 it joined the UCI ProSeries calendar after being cancelled in 2020. A women's edition has been held since 2021, joining the UCI Women's ProSeries from 2024.

It is usually the first and most important race of Trittico Lombardo, which consists of three races held around the region of Lombardy on three consecutive days. These races are Tre Valli Varesine, Coppa Ugo Agostoni and Coppa Bernocchi.
Wien Nordwestbahnhof
The Wien Nordwestbahnhof (English: Vienna Northwest Railway Station), abbreviated as Wien NWBH, is the site of a goods station in Brigittenau district of Vienna, Austria. Passenger transport ended in 1959. It served as the southern terminus of the Austrian Northwestern Railway. The northwestern terminus of the line was Prague Těšnov station till 1972. Freight transport is the process of termination. Starting in 2018, the site is being redeveloped into a residential district.

1873 Vienna World's Fair
The 1873 Vienna World's Fair (German: Weltausstellung 1873 Wien) was a large world exposition that was held from 1 May to 31 October 1873 in the Austria-Hungarian capital Vienna. Its motto was "Culture and Education" (German: Kultur und Erziehung).
ARN Regional
ARN Regional is an Australian regional radio network founded after the purchase of a group of radio stations from Grant Broadcasters by ARN parent ARN Media. It includes a small number of metropolitan radio stations.

St Helens, Tasmania
St Helens is the largest town on the north-east coast of Tasmania, Australia, on Georges Bay. It is known as the game fishing capital of Tasmania and is also renowned for its oysters (as are some other areas of Tasmania). It is located on the Tasman Highway, about 160 km east of Tasmania's second largest city, Launceston. In the early 2000s, the town was one of the fastest growing areas of Tasmania, and reached a population of 2049 at the 2006 census. By the time of the 2021 census, it had a population of 2,206.

St Helens is part of the Break O'Day Council, a council that includes the nearby town of Binalong Bay. St Helens also has its own radio station named Star FM Tasmania a community station on 93.7 MHz in the town, 100.3 MHz in St Marys and 98.5 MHz in Bicheno. A number of shops can be found in the town along Cecilia Street, such as the Bay of Fires IGA. and Gallery Parnella.
Essoyes
Essoyes (French pronunciation: [ɛswa]) is a commune in the Aube department in north-central France.

Impressionist artist Pierre-Auguste Renoir had a house in the town. The village, hometown of his wife Aline and model and governess of his children Gabrielle Renard, are represented in many of his paintings.

Communes of the Aube department
The following is a list of the 431 communes of the Aube department of France.

The communes cooperate in the following intercommunalities (as of 2025):

Communauté d'agglomération Troyes Champagne Métropole

Communauté de communes d'Arcis, Mailly, Ramerupt

Communauté de communes du Barséquanais en Champagne

Communauté de communes du Chaourçois et du Val d'Armance

Communauté de communes Forêts, Lacs, Terres en Champagne

Communauté de communes des Lacs de Champagne

Communauté de communes du Nogentais

Communauté de communes de l'Orvin et de l'Ardusson

Communauté de communes du Pays d'Othe

Communauté de communes des Portes de Romilly-sur-Seine

Communauté de communes de la Région de Bar-sur-Aube

Communauté de communes Seine et Aube

Communauté de communes de Vendeuvre-Soulaines
2014 James Madison Dukes football team
The 2014 James Madison Dukes football team represented James Madison University in the 2014 NCAA Division I FCS football season. They were led by first year head coach Everett Withers and played their home games at Bridgeforth Stadium and Zane Showker Field. They were a member of the Colonial Athletic Association. They finished the season 9–4, 6–2 in CAA play to finish in third place. They received an at-large bid to the FCS Playoffs where they lost in the first round to Liberty.

2014 NCAA Division I FCS football season
The 2014 NCAA Division I FCS football season, part of college football in the United States, was organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division I Football Championship Subdivision (FCS) level. The season began on August 23, 2014, and concluded with the 2015 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game played on January 10, 2015, at Toyota Stadium in Frisco, Texas. North Dakota State won its fourth consecutive title, defeating Illinois State, 29–27.
Starvegoat Island
Starvegoat Island (or Starve Goat Island) was a small island in the Providence River, Providence, Rhode Island. The island also appears as "Sunshine Island" on the 1927 North American datum map produced by the US Army Corps of Engineers 30th Battalion. The island was the southeasternmost point in the city of Providence. During the 19th and early 20th centuries, it was known for its oystering. It was located off the coast of Fields Point until the passage between them was filled in 
during the 1950s and 1960s when the area was used as a land fill. The approximate location of the island is now an educational center for Save the Bay, and one of its features is the re-creation of a natural coastal buffer zone.

Providence River
The Providence River is a tidal river in the U.S. state of Rhode Island. It flows approximately 8 miles (13 km). There are no dams along the river's length, although the Fox Point Hurricane Barrier is located south of downtown to protect the city of Providence from damaging tidal floods.

The southern part of the river has been dredged at a cost of $65 million in federal and state funds to benefit nearby marinas and commercial shipping interests.

The Dutch called the Providence River the Nassau River. It was the northeastern limit of Dutch claims in the colonial era, owing to Adriaen Block's exploration of Narragansett Bay, from 1614 until the Hartford Treaty of 1650. It can, therefore, be regarded as the original boundary between the English New England colonies and the Dutch colony of New Netherland.
Baħar iċ-Ċagħaq
Baħar iċ-Ċagħaq is an urban village in Malta situated between the limits of Madliena, Magħtab, Għargħur and Pembroke. The area is situated at the mouth of the island's longest valley called 'Wied il-Kbir'.  The name Baħar iċ-Ċagħaq in Maltese can be translated to 'sea of pebbles' in English. It has a population of approximately 1,250 people.

Magħtab
Magħtab is a Maltese village. It lies in the valley of the same name in the local council of Naxxar. It is the site of the largest landfill in the island, commonly known as 'Mount Magħtab'. That landfill was closed when Malta joined the EU in 2004, but two others were subsequently opened.

The Il-Widna acoustic mirror is located 1,410 metres (1,540 yd) away. The hill of Ġebel San Pietru also lies within the confines of Magħtab.

In December 2021, residents noticed new excavated rock and construction waste, forming a new 'waste mountain'.
P. Khalifulla Sahib
Dewan Khan Bahadur P. Khalifullah (1888–1950), was a politician of the Madras Presidency, British India, He was the first muslim minister of Madras Presidency Province, served as the minister for public works in the short-lived ministry of Kurma Venkata Reddy Naidu from April–July 1937. He was belonging to the Rowther community, and his father (T.A. Pitchai Rowther) was a wealthy businessman of Tiruchirapalli. Born in 1888 in Tiruchi into a wealthy rice merchant's family, his birth name was Mohamed Pichai Rowther Ibrahim Khalifullah. He went on to be known by the honorific Khan Bahadur, a title bestowed on him by the British. In later years, his work as the Dewan of Pudukkottai State made him more popular as ‘Dewan Khalifullah.’

Dewan
Dewan (also known as diwan, sometimes spelled devan or divan) designated a powerful government official, minister, or ruler. A dewan was the head of a state institution of the same name (see Divan). Diwans belonged to the elite families in the history of Mughal and post-Mughal India and held high posts within the government.
Herina frondescentiae
Herina frondescentiae is a species of picture-winged fly in the genus Herina of the family Ulidiidae It is wetland species of about 3–4 millimetres (0.12–0.16 in) in length. found in 
Sweden, Finland, Denmark, Latvia, the United Kingdom, Ireland, France, Netherlands, Germany, Spain, Andorra, Italy, Hungary, Romania, Albania, Ukraine, Croatia, Estonia, Poland, Lithuania, the Czech Republic, Slovakia, and Switzerland.

This fly is characterized by a pattern on the wings consisting of four transverse stripes, fused together to form a shape similar to "U" and "M". Females have at most 3.5 times longer than wide eighth tergosternite and oval abdominal bracts . Their spermatheca is characterized by an oblong-oval shape. The reproductive organs of males are distinguished by surstyles bent in the middle, each of which is equipped with three prensisetae set in the middle and two sets in the middle-base part.

Ulidiidae
The Ulidiidae (formerly Otitidae) or picture-winged flies are a large and diverse cosmopolitan family of flies (Diptera), and as in related families, most species are herbivorous or detritivorous. They are often known as picture-winged flies, along with members of other families in the superfamily Tephritoidea that have patterns of bands or spots on the wings. Some species share with the Tephritidae an unusual elongated posteroapical projection of the anal cell in the wing, but can be differentiated by the smoothly curving subcostal vein. Two species, Tetanops myopaeformis and  Euxesta stigmatias, are agricultural pests.
Pirinçli, Derik
Pirinçli (Kurdish: Ketu) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Derik, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Sefan tribe and had a population of 2,379 in 2021.

Derik, Turkey
Derik (Kurdish: Dêrîka Çiyayê Mazî) is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 1,381 km2, and its population is 62,028 (2022). Derik is situated in Mardin Province within the predominantly Kurdish-speaking region of southeastern Turkey. The district's population is largely Kurdish-speaking, reflecting the broader demographic character of Mardin Province.
All Things Pass
All Things Pass (Dutch: Voorbij, voorbij; literally "Gone, gone") is a 1981 television film directed by Paul Verhoeven. In Douglas Keesey's book on Verhoeven, he writes that the film is a coda to Verhoeven's previous film Soldier of Orange (1977).

Soldier of Orange
Soldier of Orange (Dutch: Soldaat van Oranje, IPA: [sɔlˈdaːt fɑn oːˈrɑɲə]), released in the United Kingdom as Survival Run, is a 1977 Dutch romantic war thriller film directed and co-written by Paul Verhoeven and produced by Rob Houwer, based on Erik Hazelhoff Roelfzema's autobiographical book of the same name. Starring Rutger Hauer and Jeroen Krabbé, the film is set around the German occupation of the Netherlands during World War II, and shows how individual students have different roles in the war.

With a budget of ƒ 5 million (€2.3 million), it was, at the time, the most expensive Dutch film ever. With 1,547,183 viewers, Soldier of Orange was the most popular Dutch film of 1977. The film received a Golden Globe nomination for Best Foreign Language Film in 1980. At the 1999 Netherlands Film Festival, it was voted the second-best Dutch film of the twentieth century.

In 1979, the film was edited into a miniseries and aired on TV as Voor Koningin en Vaderland.
Krefeld II – Wesel II
Krefeld II – Wesel II is an electoral constituency (German: Wahlkreis) represented in the Bundestag. It elects one member via first-past-the-post voting. Under the current constituency numbering system, it is designated as constituency 113. It is located in the Ruhr region of North Rhine-Westphalia, comprising the northern part of the city of Krefeld and the southern part of the district of Wesel.

Krefeld II – Wesel II was created for the 2002 federal election. From 2021 to 2025, it has been represented by Jan Dieren of the Social Democratic Party (SPD). Since 2025 it has been represented by Kerstin Radomski of the CDU.

Wesel (district)
Wesel (German pronunciation: [ˈveːzl̩]) is a Kreis (district) in the northwestern part of North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany.  Neighboring districts are Borken, Recklinghausen, district-free cities Bottrop, Oberhausen, Duisburg and Krefeld, districts Viersen, Cleves.