hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ri Myong-guk
Ri Myong-guk (born 9 September 1986) is a North Korean former professional footballer who played as a goalkeeper. Ri was known for his positioning and reflexes and spent his entire playing career at Pyongyang City in the DPR Korea Football League. Ri was also the captain of the North Korea national team, making 118 appearances, more than any other player in the team's history, before retiring in 2019. Ri is currently the goalkeeper coach for his former club.

Pyongyang Sports Club
Pyongyang Sports Club (Korean: 평양시체육단) is a North Korean organization of education specialty with several departments.  This organization is based in Pyongyang and plays at the Kim Il Sung Stadium. As the sports club of the Workers' Party of Korea and Government of Pyongyang, Pyongyang SC is the largest sports club not affiliated with a state ministry.

Football is the most popular department in this organization. The men are presently playing in the DPR Korea Premier Football League, the highest football league in North Korea.
James I. Van Alen
James Isaac Van Alen (December 31, 1772 – May 18, 1822) was an American politician from Kinderhook, New York. A Democratic-Republican, he served as a United States representative, a member of the New York State Assembly, and Surrogate Judge of Columbia County, New York. Van Alen was law partners with U.S. President Martin Van Buren, his younger half-brother.

Kinderhook, New York
Kinderhook is a town in the northern part of Columbia County, New York, United States. The population was 8,330 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous municipality in Columbia County. The name of the town means "Children's Corner" in the language of the original Dutch settlers (Kinderhoek). The name "Kinderhook" has its root in the landing of Henry Hudson in the area around present-day Stuyvesant, where he was greeted by Native Americans with many children. With the Dutch kind meaning "child" and hoek meaning "corner", it could be that the name refers to a bend (or "corner") in the river where the children are. The eighth president of the United States, Martin Van Buren, was born in Kinderhook and retired to it.

The town of Kinderhook contains two villages, one of which is also named Kinderhook; the other is the village of Valatie. In addition, the town contains the hamlet of Niverville, next to Kinderhook Lake.
1997 South Australian state election
State elections were held in South Australia on 11 October 1997. All 47 seats in the South Australian House of Assembly were up for election. The incumbent Liberal Party of Australia led by Premier of South Australia John Olsen defeated the Australian Labor Party led by Leader of the Opposition Mike Rann, forming a minority government with the SA Nationals and independent MPs.

1994 Torrens state by-election
The 1994 Torrens state by-election was a by-election held on 7 May 1994 for the South Australian House of Assembly seat of Torrens, centred in the inner north-eastern suburbs of Adelaide. This was triggered by the death of Liberal MHA Joe Tiernan on 31 March 1994, only four months after winning the seat at its first contest in the 1993 state election on a two-party vote of 56.22 percent.
Seydou Traore (American football)
Seydou Traore (born August 12, 2002) is an English college football tight end for the Mississippi State Bulldogs. Traore began his college career with Arkansas State before transferring to Mississippi State in 2023.

Mississippi State Bulldogs football
The Mississippi State Bulldogs football program represents Mississippi State University in the sport of American football. The Bulldogs compete in the Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) as well as the Southeastern Conference (SEC). They also have won one SEC championship in 1941 and a division championship in 1998. The Bulldogs have 27 postseason bowl appearances. The program has produced 38 All-Americans (three consensus), 171 All-SEC selections, and 124 NFL players (11 first-round draft picks). The Bulldogs’ home stadium, Davis Wade Stadium at Scott Field, is the second oldest in the NCAA Division I FBS.
Operation Ochsenkopf
Unternehmen Ochsenkopf (Operation Ox Head) also known as the Battle of Sidi Nsir and the Battle of Hunts Gap was an Axis offensive operation in Tunisia from 26 February to 4 March 1943, during the Tunisia Campaign of the Second World War. The offensive and a subsidiary operation Unternehmen Ausladung was intended to gain control of Medjez el Bab, Béja, El Aroussa, Djebel Abiod and a position known as Hunt's Gap, between the British First Army and the Axis Army Group Africa (Heeresgruppe Afrika/Gruppo d'Armate Africa). The offensive gained some ground, but none of the more ambitious objectives were achieved before the operation was called off due to increasing losses of infantry and tanks, particularly the heavy Tigers. Unternehmen Ochsenkopf was the last big Axis offensive by the 5th Panzer Army before the surrender of the Afrika Korps in May 1943.

First Army (United Kingdom)
The First Army was a formation of the British Army that existed during the First and Second World Wars. The First Army included Indian and Portuguese forces during the First World War and American and French units during the Second World War.
W. A. G. Pinto
Lieutenant General Walter Anthony Gustavo 'WAG' Pinto, PVSM (1 July 1924 – 25 March 2021) was a General Officer in the Indian Army. He last served as the 8th General Officer Commanding-in-Chief of the Central Command. As a major general, he led the 54th Infantry Division on the western front in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, for which he was awarded the Param Vishisht Seva Medal.

Lieutenant general (India)
Lieutenant general is a three-star general officer rank in the Indian Army. It is the second-highest active rank in the Indian Army. Lieutenant generals rank above the two-star rank of Major General and below the four-star rank of General, which is held by the Chief of the Army Staff.

The equivalent rank in the Indian Navy is Vice Admiral and in the Indian Air Force is Air Marshal.

Officers in the rank of lieutenant general hold important appointments at the army commands and at the army headquarters.
2025 New Zealand Darts Masters
The 2025 New Zealand Darts Masters (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2025 SkyCity New Zealand Darts Masters) was the fifth staging of the professional darts tournament by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC), and the seventh and final event in the 2025 World Series of Darts before the World Series Finals. The tournament, sponsored by SkyCity, featured 16 players (eight elite PDC players and eight Oceania representatives) and was held at the Spark Arena in Auckland, New Zealand on 15 and 16 August 2025.

Luke Humphries was the defending champion after defeating Damon Heta 8–2 in the 2024 final. Luke Littler won the tournament by beating Humphries 8–4 in the final. The victory was Littler's second World Series title of the year and his second successive title in 2 weeks, as well as the fourth World Series title of his career.

Luke Humphries
Luke Humphries (born 11 February 1995) is an English professional darts player who competes in Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) events, where he is ranked world No. 2; he was ranked world No. 1 from 3 January 2024 to 16 November 2025. Nicknamed "Cool Hand" in the reference to the 1967 film Cool Hand Luke, he won the PDC World Championship in 2024. He has won 8 PDC major titles—ranked joint fifth all-time—and a total of 24 PDC titles.

After winning the 2019 PDC World Youth Championship and eleven PDC Development Tour titles, Humphries reached his first PDC major final at the 2021 UK Open, and won four European Tour titles in 2022. In 2023, Humphries won three PDC major titles. He defeated Luke Littler to claim his maiden World Championship in 2024. That year, he won  
two more PDC major titles, including the World Matchplay. He also won the 2024 World Cup of Darts for England, partnering Michael Smith. Humphries won two more PDC major titles in 2025, including the Premier League.
Spin group
In mathematics the spin group, denoted Spin(n), is a Lie group whose underlying manifold is the double cover of the special orthogonal group SO(n) = SO(n, R), such that there exists a short exact sequence of Lie groups (when n ≠ 2)

The group multiplication law on the double cover is given by lifting the multiplication on .

As a Lie group, Spin(n) therefore shares its dimension, ⁠n(n − 1)/2⁠, and its Lie algebra with the special orthogonal group.

For n > 2, Spin(n) is simply connected and so coincides with the universal cover of SO(n).

The non-trivial element of the kernel is denoted −1, which should not be confused with the orthogonal transform of reflection through the origin, generally denoted −I.

Spin(n) can be constructed as a subgroup of the invertible elements in the Clifford algebra Cl(n). A distinct article discusses the spin representations.

Simply connected space
In topology, a topological space is called simply connected (or 1-connected, or 1-simply connected) if it is path-connected and every path between two points can be continuously transformed into any other such path while preserving the two endpoints in question. Intuitively, this corresponds to a space that has no disjoint parts and no holes that go completely through it, because two paths going around different sides of such a hole cannot be continuously transformed into each other. The fundamental group of a topological space is an indicator of the failure for the space to be simply connected: a path-connected topological space is simply connected if and only if its fundamental group is trivial.
Mahmud Jan Daylami
Sharaf al-Din Shah-Mahmud Jan Daylami Qazvini (Persian: شرف الدین شاه-محمود جان دیلمی قزوینی), better known as Mahmud Jan Daylami, was an Iranian bureaucrat from the Daylami family, who occupied high offices under the Aq Qoyunlu and the Safavids.

Aq Qoyunlu
The Aq Qoyunlu or the White Sheep Turkomans (Azerbaijani: Ağqoyunlular, آغ‌قویونلولار; Persian: آق‌ قویونلو) was a culturally Persianate, Sunni Turkoman tribal confederation. Founded in the Diyarbakir region by Qara Yuluk Uthman Beg, they ruled parts of present-day eastern Turkey from 1378 to 1508, and in their last decades also ruled Armenia, Azerbaijan, much of Iran, Iraq, and Oman where the ruler of Hormuz recognised Aq Qoyunlu suzerainty. The Aq Qoyunlu empire reached its zenith under Uzun Hasan.
1995 Tel Aviv Open
The 1995 Tel Aviv Open was a men's tennis tournament played on hard courts that was part of the World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour. It was played at the Israel Tennis Centers in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat HaSharon, Israel from October 9 through October 16, 1995. Unseeded Ján Krošlák won the singles title.

Ján Krošlák
Ján Krošlák (Slovak pronunciation: [jaːn ˈkrɔʂlaːk]; born 17 October 1974) is a former tennis player from Slovakia, who turned professional in 1993.

He represented his native country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta, United States, where he was defeated in the first round by America's MaliVai Washington. The right-hander reached his career-high ATP singles ranking of world No. 53 in September 1999. He won two singles titles on the ATP Tour.

In the 1998 Davis Cup, he played with Martin Hromec.
Wine cocktail
A wine cocktail is a mixed drink, similar to a true cocktail. It is made predominantly with wine (including Champagne and Prosecco), into which distilled alcohol or other drink mixer is combined. A spritz is a drink that has Prosecco added to it.

The distinction between a wine cocktail and a cocktail with wine is the relative amounts of the various alcohols. In a wine cocktail, the wine product is the primary alcohol by volume compared to the distilled alcohol or mixer.

Champagne
Champagne (/ʃæmpeɪn/; French: [ʃɑ̃paɲ] ⓘ) is a sparkling wine originated and produced in the Champagne wine region of France under the rules of the appellation, which demand specific vineyard practices, sourcing of grapes exclusively from designated places within it, specific grape-pressing methods and secondary fermentation of the wine in the bottle to cause carbonation.

The grapes Pinot noir, Pinot meunier, and Chardonnay are used to produce almost all Champagne, but small amounts of Pinot blanc, Pinot gris (called Fromenteau in Champagne), Arbane, and Petit Meslier are vinified as well.

Champagne became associated with royalty in the 17th, 18th, and 19th centuries. The leading manufacturers made efforts to associate their Champagnes with nobility and royalty through advertising and packaging, which led to its popularity among the emerging middle class.
Gloria (opera)
Gloria is a tragic opera in three acts by Francesco Cilea with an Italian libretto by Arturo Colautti. A variation on the Romeo and Juliet story and set in 14th century Siena, the libretto is based on Victorien Sardou's 1874 play La Haine (Hatred). The opera premiered on 15 April 1907 at La Scala conducted by Arturo Toscanini with Solomiya Krushelnytska in the title role. Gloria was a failure at its premiere when it was withdrawn after two performances and fared little better in the 1932 revised version, although there have been two late 20th century revivals. It proved to be Cilea's last staged opera. In the 43 years following the premiere of Gloria he worked on two or three further operas which were never performed and continued to compose chamber and orchestral music.

Arturo Toscanini
Arturo Toscanini (/ɑːrˈtʊəroʊ ˌtɒskəˈniːni/; Italian: [arˈtuːro toskaˈniːni]; March 25, 1867 – January 16, 1957) was an Italian conductor. He was one of the most acclaimed and influential musicians of the late 19th and early 20th century, renowned for his intensity, his perfectionism, his ear for orchestral detail and sonority, and his eidetic memory. He was at various times the music director of La Scala in Milan and the New York Philharmonic. Later in his career, he was appointed the first music director of the NBC Symphony Orchestra (1937–1954), and this led to his becoming a household name, especially in the United States, through his radio and television broadcasts and many recordings of the operatic and symphonic repertoire.
Nicolò da Voltri
Nicolò da Voltri was an Italian painter who was active in Genoa from 1394 to 1417.  He was the most important native painter in Liguria, a coastal region of northwestern Italy.  His early development took place, probably in the 1370s, in the circle of Barnaba da Modena, who was active in Liguria between 1361 and 1383.  Da Voltri was influenced by the Sienese School painter Taddeo di Bartolo, who was in Liguria between 1393 and 1398.  Da Voltri's later paintings show clear influence of the Pisan painters working in Liguria between 1410 and 1420.

Taddeo di Bartolo
Taddeo di Bartolo (c. 1363 – 26 August 1422), also known as Taddeo Bartoli, was an Italian painter of the Sienese School during the early Renaissance. His biography appears in the Vite of Giorgio Vasari, who claims that Taddeo was the uncle of Domenico di Bartolo.
Nam District, Busan
Nam District (Korean: 남구; RR: Nam-gu; lit. South District) is a gu, or district, in south-central Busan, South Korea. Much of Nam District sticks out into the Sea of Japan, forming a peninsula which separates Suyeong Bay from Busan Harbor. It has an area of 25.91 km2. Nam District officially became a gu of Busan in 1975. In 1995 part of Nam District was divided to form Suyeong District.

The Busan International Finance Center is located here.

Port of Busan
The port of Busan  is the largest port in South Korea, located in the city of Busan, South Korea. Its location is known as Busan Harbour.

The port is ranked sixth in the world's container throughput and is the largest seaport in South Korea. The port is operated by the Busan Port Authority, which was founded in 2004 as a public company. In 2019, around 22 million TEU were handled at 10 container terminals in Busan.
Mattium
Mattium was the ancient "capital" or principal settlement (Latin: "caput gentis") of the Chatti. Its exact location is unknown, though following the description of Tacitus it is generally assumed to be somewhere in the wider neighbourhood of Fritzlar in northern Hesse (Germany).

Tacitus
Publius Cornelius Tacitus, known simply as Tacitus (/ˈtæsɪtəs/ TAS-it-əs, Latin: [ˈtakɪtʊs]; c. AD 56 – c. 120), was a Roman historian and politician. Tacitus is widely regarded as one of the greatest Roman historians by modern scholars.

Tacitus's two major historical works, Annals (Latin: Annales) and the Histories (Latin: Historiae), originally formed a continuous narrative of the Roman Empire from the death of Augustus (14 AD) to the end of Domitian's reign (96 AD). The surviving portions of the Annals focus on the reigns of Tiberius, Claudius, Nero, and those who reigned in the Year of the Four Emperors (69 AD).

Tacitus's other writings discuss oratory (in dialogue format, see Dialogus de oratoribus), Germania (in De origine et situ Germanorum), and the life of his father-in-law, Agricola (the general responsible for much of the Roman conquest of Britain), mainly focusing on his campaign in Britannia (De vita et moribus Iulii Agricolae).
Dave Allerdice
David Way Allerdice (March 26, 1887 – January 10, 1941) was an American football player and coach. He played college football as the University of Michigan as a halfback from 1907 to 1909. Allerdice served as the head football coach at Butler University in 1911 and the University of Texas at Austin from 1911 to 1915. He left Butler after the team's first game in early October to move to Texas, succeeding his former Michigan teammate Billy Wasmund, who had died from a fall.

Butler University
Butler University is a private university in Indianapolis, Indiana, United States. Founded in 1855 and named after founder Ovid Butler, the university has over 60 major academic fields of study within six colleges in the arts, business, communication, education, liberal arts and the sciences, and health sciences. It enrolls approximately 5,700 undergraduate and graduate students. Its 295-acre (119 ha) campus is approximately five miles (8.0 km) north of downtown Indianapolis.
Don H. Doyle
Don H. Doyle is an American historian. He specializes in Civil War history and historiography. He is best known for his books Faulkner's County: The Historical Roots of Yoknapatawpha and The Cause of All Nations: An International History of the American Civil War.

Yoknapatawpha County
Yoknapatawpha County (/jɒknəpəˈtɔːfə/) is a fictional Mississippi county created by the American author William Faulkner, largely based on and inspired by Lafayette County, Mississippi, and its county seat of Oxford (which Faulkner renamed "Jefferson"). Faulkner often referred to Yoknapatawpha County as "my apocryphal county".
Hidden Lakes (Nevada)
The Hidden Lakes are a pair of glacial tarns in the Ruby Mountains, in Elko County in the northeastern part of the state of Nevada.  They are located on a shelf on the Ruby Crest above Soldier Basin at an elevation of 9,500 feet (2,900 m). They have a combined area of approximately 9 acres (3.6 hectares), and a depth of up to 32 feet (9.8 m).

Hidden Lakes are two of the many sources of Soldier Creek, which flows from the eastern side of the Ruby Mountains through Soldier Canyon, exits the mountains to the west into Lamoille Valley, and then merges with the main branch of the Humboldt River. Soldier Lakes are in middle ground of photo.

Soldier Lakes (Nevada)
The Soldier Lakes are a cluster of more than a dozen glacial tarns in the Ruby Mountains, in Elko County in the northeastern part of the state of Nevada. They are located on the shelf of Soldier Basin on the eastern side of the mountains (although draining to the west via Soldier Creek) at an elevation of 9,100 feet (2,800 m).  They have a combined area of approximately 6 acres (2.4 ha), and a depth of up to 14 feet (4.3 m).

The Soldier Lakes are some of the sources of Soldier Creek, which flows from the eastern side of the Ruby Mountains through Soldier Canyon, exits the mountains to the west into Lamoille Valley, and then merges with the main branch of the Humboldt River.
Anne Beloff-Chain
Anne Ethel Beloff-Chain, Lady Chain (26 June 1921 – 2 December 1991) was a British biochemist. She worked at the Istituto Superiore di Sanità (1948–1964), Imperial College London (1964–1986) and the University of Buckingham (1986–1991). Her research focused on carbohydrate metabolism and the hormones involved in diabetes and obesity.

National Institute of Health (Italy)
The National Institute of Health (Italian: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, lit. 'Higher Health Institute') , also ISS, is an Italian public institution that, as the leading technical-scientific body of the Italian National Health Service (Servizio Sanitario Nazionale), performs research, trials, control, counseling, documentation and training for public health. The Institute is under the supervision of the Ministry of Health (Ministero della Salute).
Go and Get It
Go and Get It is a 1920 American silent comedy-drama mystery film directed by Marshall Neilan and Henry Roberts Symonds and written by Marion Fairfax.  The film stars Pat O'Malley, Wesley Barry, Noah Beery Sr. and Agnes Ayres. The cinematographer was David Kesson. The film was released on July 18, 1920 by First National Exhibitors' Circuit.

Actor Bull Montana (a former professional wrestler) played Ferry, the Ape Creature, in the film. He later went on to play the ape-man in the 1925 Willis H. O'Brien classic The Lost World, which was also written by Marion Fairfax and starred Noah Beery's actor brother Wallace Beery.

The film has a plot about brain transplants. A scientist transplanted the brain of a criminal into the body of a gorilla. The gorilla went on a killing spree against the criminal's enemies. A female newspaper owner decides to investigate the case.

The Lost World (1925 film)
The Lost World is a 1925 American silent fantasy giant monster adventure film, directed by Harry O. Hoyt and written by Marion Fairfax, adapted from Arthur Conan Doyle's 1912 novel of the same name.

Produced and distributed by First National Pictures, a major Hollywood studio at the time, the film stars Wallace Beery as Professor Challenger and features pioneering stop motion special effects by Willis O'Brien, a forerunner of his work on King Kong (1933). Doyle appears in a frontispiece to the film, absent from some extant prints.

In 1998, The Lost World was deemed "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry. Due to its age, the film is now in the public domain.
Holmberg IX
Holmberg IX is a dwarf irregular galaxy and a satellite galaxy of M81, located in the constellation of Ursa Major. It is a Magellanic type galaxy, similar to the Small Magellanic Cloud, neighbour galaxy to the Milky Way Galaxy.  The galaxy is named after Erik Holmberg who first described it, though it was originally discovered by Sidney van den Bergh in 1959.  Based on the observed age distribution of stars it contains, 20% of its stellar mass formed within the last 200 Myr, making it the youngest nearby galaxy.  It is also home to one of two yellow supergiant eclipsing binary systems designated Holmberg IX V1.

Messier 81
Messier 81 (also known as NGC 3031 or Bode's Galaxy) is a grand design spiral galaxy about 12 million light-years away in the constellation Ursa Major. It has a D25 isophotal diameter of 29.44 kiloparsecs (96,000 light-years). Because of its relative proximity to the Milky Way galaxy, large size, and active galactic nucleus (which harbors a 70 million M☉
supermassive black hole), Messier 81 has been studied extensively by professional astronomers. The galaxy's large size and relatively high brightness also makes it a popular target for amateur astronomers. In late February 2022, astronomers reported that M81 may be the source of FRB 20200120E, a repeating fast radio burst.