hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meng Zhongkang
Meng Zhongkang (Chinese: 孟中康; pinyin: Mèng Zhōngkāng; born April 1961) is a former Chinese army officer. He holds the rank of major general (Shaojiang) in the People's Liberation Army Ground Force. As of September 2019, he was under investigation by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. Previously he served as political commissar of Jiangsu Military District and a member of the Standing Committee of the Jiangsu Provincial Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Jiang (rank)
Jiang (formerly romanized chiang and usually translated general or, for navies, admiral) is a general officer (or flag officer for navies) rank used by China and Taiwan. It is also used as jang in North and South Korea, shō in Japan, and tướng in Vietnam.
David Glasser
David Glasser FRSSAf (born 29 September 1936) is a South African engineer best known for his co-development of attainable region theory and research into improving the efficiency of chemical processes. In 2001 he was the inaugural recipient of the Harry Oppenheimer Fellowship Award. He has also been awarded the Bill-Neale May Gold Medal by the South African Institute of Chemical Engineers, as well as the Science for Society Gold Medal from the Academy of Science of South Africa.

He currently works as Professor Extraordinarius of the University of South Africa (UNISA) and resides in Australia.

Academy of Science of South Africa
The Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf) is the national science academy in South Africa. It was started in 1996, and encompasses all fields of scientific work. Its legal foundation is the Academy of Science of South Africa Act, Act 67 of 2001, which came into operation in May 2002.

The ASSAf was inaugurated in March 1996 by the former President of South Africa and patron of the academy, Nelson Mandela.

In 2021, the academy had 632 members.
Zofia Vetulani
Zofia Julia Vetulani (30 March 1893 – 23 September 1981) was a Polish civil servant, as well as a social and political activist.

An official of Poland's Ministry of the Interior in the Second Polish Republic (1921–1939), she was interned in Romania after the outbreak of World War II (1939–1945). There, she was the secretary of the board of the women's circle at the American Commission for Aid to Poles – YMCA in the refugee camp in Brăila, and later in Drăgășani, as well as the secretary of the Consul General of the Republic of Poland Jerzy Lechowski. In the Polish People's Republic, she worked as a high-rank official at the financial and budget departments of the Provincial Office (Urząd Wojewódzki) and the Presidium of the Provincial National Council (Wojewódzka Rada Narodowa) in Olsztyn (1945–1958).

Ministry of the Interior and Administration
The Ministry of the Interior and Administration (Polish: Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnętrznych i Administracji, MSWiA) is an administration structure controlling main administration and security branches of the Polish government. After the 2011 Polish parliamentary elections, it was transformed into two ministries: Ministry of the Interior (Minister: Jacek Cichocki) and Ministry of Administration and Digitization (Minister: Michał Boni). It was recreated in late 2015.
1967 USSR Chess Championship
The 1967 Soviet Chess Championship was the 35th edition of USSR Chess Championship. Held from 7 December to 26 December 1967 in Tbilisi. The tournament was won by Lev Polugaevsky and Mikhail Tal. For the first time the Soviet Chess Championship was played on a Swiss system organized as a 13 round tournament for 130 players.

Lev Polugaevsky
Lev Abramovich Polugaevsky (Russian: Лев Абрамович Полугаевский, IPA: [pəlʊɡɐˈjefskʲɪj]; 20 November 1934 – 30 August 1995) was a Soviet chess player. He was awarded the title of International Grandmaster by FIDE in 1962 and was a frequent contender for the World Championship, although he never achieved that title. He was one of the strongest players in the world from the early 1960s until the late 1980s, as well as a distinguished author and opening theorist whose contributions in this field remain important to the present day.
Edateku Island
Edateku Island (Japanese: 枝手久島) is one of the islands of Amami Islands of Satsunan Islands, Japan. It administratively belongs to Uken Village, Ōshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture. It is a desert island far off the Amami Oshima coast. It is said to be an origin of Achalinus werneri, a kind of colubrid snake species.

The island was originally planned to be an oil reserve site in 1970s, but this plan was finally called off as it was strongly opposed by nearby villagers.

Satsunan Islands
The Satsunan Islands (薩南諸島, Satsunan-shotō) is a geopolitical name for a group of islands that forms the northern part of the Ryukyu Islands. The whole island group belongs to Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.
Stateful firewall
In computing, a stateful firewall is a network-based firewall that individually tracks sessions of network connections traversing it. Stateful packet inspection, also referred to as dynamic packet filtering, is a security feature often used in non-commercial and business networks.

Firewall (computing)
In computing, a firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on configurable security rules. A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted network and an untrusted network, such as the Internet or between several VLANs. Firewalls can be categorized as network-based or host-based.
Walter Lawson (RAF officer)
Walter Lawson, DFC (January 1913 – 28 August 1941) was an flying ace who served in the Royal Air Force (RAF) during the Second World War. During his service with the RAF, he was credited with at least six aerial victories.

Born in Taunton, Lawson enlisted in the RAF in 1929 and qualified as a fitter two years later. In 1936, he commenced pilot training and after gaining his wings, was posted to No. 46 Squadron. He saw little action in the Second World War until he was transferred to No. 19 Squadron in April 1940. He flew extensively in the later stages of the Battle of Britain, during which he achieved a number of aerial victories. In July 1941, he became commander of the squadron but was killed on operations the following month, aged 28.

No. 46 Squadron RAF
No. 46 Squadron of the Royal Flying Corps and the Royal Air Force, formed in 1916, was disbanded and re-formed three times before its last disbandment in 1975. It served in both World War I and World War II.
Reggiane Re.2002 Ariete
The Reggiane Re.2002 Ariete ("Ram") is an Italian fighter-bomber developed during World War II. The aircraft was a further development of the Re.2000, with some of the modifications that already had been introduced in the Re.2001. The aircraft was mainly used by the Regia Aeronautica (Royal [Italian] Air Force), but it also saw limited use with the German Luftwaffe, who used it against the French resistance.

Regia Aeronautica
The Royal Italian Air Force (Italian: Regia Aeronautica Italiana, RAI) was the air force of the Kingdom of Italy. It was established as a service independent of the Royal Italian Army from 1923 until 1946. In 1946, the monarchy ended and the Kingdom of Italy became the Italian Republic, whereupon the name of the air force changed to Aeronautica Militare.
Antardwand
Antardwand (transl. Inner conflict) is a 2010 Indian film co-written, produced, and directed by Sushil Rajpal. The film stars Raj Singh Chaudhary and Swati Sen in the leading roles while Vinay Pathak and Akhilendra Mishra play supporting roles. Made on a budget of ₹15 million (US$180,000), the film is based on the cases of groom kidnapping reported in Bihar in India. The film won the National Film Award for Best Film on social issues at the 2009 National Awards. Its commercial release was on 27 August 2010.

National Film Awards
The National Film Awards are awards for artistic and technical merit given for excellence within the Indian film industry. Established in 1954, it has been administered, along with the International Film Festival of India and the Indian Panorama, by the Indian government's Directorate of Film Festivals from 1973 until 2020, and by the NFDC since 2021.

Every year, a national panel appointed by the government selects the winning entry, and the award ceremony is held in New Delhi, where the President of India presents the awards. This is followed by the inauguration of the National Film Festival, where award-winning films are screened for the public. Declared for films produced in the previous year across the country, they hold the distinction of awarding merit to the best of Indian cinema overall, as well as presenting awards for the best films in each region and language of the country.
José Rico Pérez
José Rico Pérez (13 March 1918 in Daya Nueva  – 6 July 2010 in Alacant) was a Spanish businessman who was chairman of the Spanish football club Hércules CF from 1971  until  1985.

During Rico's tenure Hércules went through the most successful era in their history spending eight consecutive seasons in the Primera Liga between 1974 and 1982, which included a fifth placed finish during the 1974–75 season .

Rico was also instrumental in helping Alacant become one of the cities of the 1982 FIFA World Cup in Spain, and the stadium of the city is named as him.

Alicante
Alicante or Alacant (officially: Alacant / Alicante) is a city and municipality in the Valencian Community, Spain. It is the capital of the province of Alicante and a historic Mediterranean port. With a population of 358,608 as of 2024, it is the 2nd-largest city in the Valencian Community and the 10th-largest in Spain.

Together with Elche (Elx) and other municipalities, Alicante forms a conurbation of nearly 1 million inhabitants.
Aiguille de la Brenva
The Aiguille de la Brenva (3,269 metres (10,725 ft)) is a remote rocky mountain peak in the Mont Blanc massif of the Alps. It lies wholly within Italy on a ridge descending south-east from the Tour Ronde. It has been described as "a spectacular fin with a fine E face".
It stands on a ridge separating the Entrèves glacier from the Brenva glacier, yet is somewhat overshadowed by its larger neighbours, such as the Aiguille Blanche and the Aiguille Noire de Peuterey. Nevertheless, it is a distinctive peak, offering a number of very challenging climbs, especially on its east face, which consists of vertical granite flakes and cracks. On its northern side stands a distinctive, slender rock pinnacle about 60 metres high, known as the Père Eternel.

.

Tour Ronde
The Tour Ronde (3,792 metres (12,441 ft)) is a mountain in the Mont Blanc massif of the Alps, situated on the border between France and Italy. It is a prominent mountain, some 3.5 km north-east of Mont Blanc, but is effectively part of a continuation of the south eastern spur of Mont Maudit (l'Arete de la Brenva) which forms a frontier ridge between the two countries. It is easily accessible to mountaineers and provides not only a very good viewpoint from its summit of the Brenva face and the major peaks on the southern side of Mont Blanc, but it also offers a popular introduction to alpine climbing of all grades, including a north face ascent.
Justin Everett
Justin David Everett is an American politician who served in the Colorado House of Representatives from the 22nd district from 2013 to 2019, as a member of the Republican Party. During his tenure in the state house he was referred to as Dr. No for his opposition to large amounts of legislation with him being the legislator who voted against the most legislation.

Everett's family came from New York, and he was educated at the University of Colorado Denver and the University of Colorado Denver. He was elected to the state house in the 2012 election and served until he ran for Colorado State Treasurer in the 2018 election. He left the state house in 2018, in a failed primary campaign for state treasurer and later unsuccessfully ran for his seat in the state house in the 2020 election.

University of Colorado Denver
The University of Colorado Denver (CU Denver) is a public research university located in downtown Denver, Colorado. It is part of the University of Colorado system. Established in 1912 as an extension of the University of Colorado Boulder, CU Denver attained university status and became an independent institution in 1973. CU Denver is classified among R1: Doctoral Universities – Very High Research Activity. The university's graduate programs award more master's degrees than any other institution in the state, serving roughly 5,000 students annually. CU Denver makes up one-third of the Auraria Campus in downtown Denver, along with the Metropolitan State University of Denver and the Community College of Denver.
1979 European Parliament election in Veneto
The European Parliament election of 1979 took place on 10 June 1979.

Christian Democracy was by far the largest party in Veneto with 49.1%, while the Italian Communist Party came distant second with 20.3%

1979 European Parliament election in Italy
The 1979 European Parliament election in Italy was held on 10 June 1979. As the 1979 Italian general election was held on 3 June, just a week before, the lack of matching between the two elections caused much controversy for wasting public money.
The Originators
The Originators is the fifth studio album by American hip hop duo The Beatnuts. It was released on July 23, 2002, via Landspeed Records. Recording sessions took place at Soho Studios and The Big Fat Suite in New York. Production was handled entirely by the Beatnuts, except for one song, "Originate", which was produced by member JuJu and Large Professor. It features guest appearances from Problemz, Amaretta, Chris Chandler, Cormega, El Gant, Ill Bill, Large Professor, Marley Metal, Tony Touch, Triple Seis and former member Al' Tariq.

Likely because of its indie record label, it failed to reach the Billboard 200 like the Beatnuts' prior four full-length albums, but managed to appear on the Independent Albums chart. Its beats and party vibe were well received, but its lyrics were criticized for lacking substance in the same vein as prior releases. Four singles were released in promotion of The Originators, but none of them charted.

Large Professor
William Paul Mitchell (born March 21, 1972), better known by the stage name of Large Professor (also Extra P. and Large Pro), is an American rapper and record producer. Based in New York City, he is a founding member of the underground hip-hop group Main Source, and is credited with having discovered and mentored fellow New York City-based rapper Nas. About.com ranked Large Professor at No. 13 on its Top 25 Hip-Hop Producers list.
Jonathan Dow
Jonathan Dow is a British actor and voiceover artist. He joined the National Youth Theatre at the age of 14, and after finishing his A levels he trained at the Guildhall Drama School. His first big television role was as Under Secretary Tim in No Job for a Lady (ITV, 1990) with Penelope Keith.

He has also appeared as P.C. Stringer in The Bill (ITV, 1990–1993) and Dr. James Mortimer in the Jed Mercurio series Cardiac Arrest (BBC, 1994–1996). He also appeared in one episode of Sooty & Co. as a police officer.

In 2018, Dow recorded a two-part interview for The Bill Podcast to discuss his life and career. In 2019, Dow appeared in the fifth series of Jed Mercurio's acclaimed drama series Line of Duty.

Jed Mercurio
Gerald Gary Mercurio OBE (born September 1966) is a British television writer, producer, director and novelist. A former hospital doctor and Royal Air Force officer, Mercurio has been ranked among UK television's leading writers. In 2017, Mercurio was awarded a Fellowship of the Royal Television Society and the Baird Medal by RTS Midlands.

Mercurio's works for television include the series Line of Duty, Bodyguard, Bodies (based on his 2002 novel), The Grimleys, and Cardiac Arrest. His books are Bodies (2002), Ascent (2007), American Adulterer (2009) and, for children, The Penguin Expedition (2003).
Specht v. Netscape Communications Corp.
Specht v. Netscape, 306 F.3d 17 (2d Cir. 2002), is a ruling at the United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit regarding the enforceability of clickwrap licenses under contract law. The court held that merely clicking on a download button does not show consent with license terms, if those terms were not conspicuous and if it was not explicit to the consumer that clicking meant agreeing to the license.

United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Second Circuit (in case citations, 2d Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Connecticut

Eastern District of New York

Northern District of New York

Southern District of New York

Western District of New York

District of Vermont
Tommot
Tommot (Russian: Томмо́т; Yakut: Томмот) is a town in Aldansky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located on the Aldan River (a right-hand tributary of the Lena) 390 kilometers (240 mi) southwest of Yakutsk, the capital of the republic, and 70 kilometers (43 mi) northeast of Aldan, the administrative center of the district. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 8,057.

Aldan, Russia
Aldan (Russian: Алдан, IPA: [ɐlˈdan]; Yakut: Алдан) is a gold-mining town (the gorod) and the administrative center of Aldansky District of the Sakha Republic, Russia, located in the Aldan Highlands, in the Aldan River basin, on the stream Orto-Sala near its mouth in the Seligdar River, about 470 kilometers (290 mi) south of the republic's capital of Yakutsk. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 21,275.
Al-Hassan camp
The  Al-Hassan camp  (sometimes 'Prince Hassan Camp') is a Palestinian refugee camp located some 5 Km from the center of Amman, the capital of Jordan. Administratively it lies in the Amman (Capital) Governorate.

It was established in 1967, and a 2021 population estimate indicated that 9,408 people lived there, although a previous estimate (in 2018) had set the number at 14,068.

Palestinian refugee camps are distributed in the Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan across six governorates, amongst which the Capital governorate and Madaba governorate include Al-Wehdat refugee camp, Jabal el-Hussein camp, Prince Hassan, Talbieh Camp and Madaba camp.

Visitors have expressed misgivings about the camp.

Al-Wehdat refugee camp
Amman New Camp, usually known as the Al-Wehdat or Al-Wihdat camp (Arabic: مخيم الوحدات, romanized: mukhayyam al-Wiḥdāt), which is located in the Hay Al Awdah neighbourhood in southeast Amman, the capital city of Jordan, occupies a 0.48 km2 (0.19 sq mi). Of the ten recognized Palestinian refugee camps in Jordan, Al-Wehdat is the second largest, with a population of roughly 57,000 registered refugees, which includes 8,400 students. The United Nation body responsible for administrating Palestinian refugee camps, is the Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees in the Near East (UNRWA).
Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln
Henry de Lacy, Earl of Lincoln (c. 1251 – February 1311), Baron of Pontefract, Lord of Bowland, Baron of Halton and hereditary Constable of Chester, was an English nobleman and confidant of King Edward I. He served Edward in Wales, France, and Scotland, both as a soldier and a diplomat. Through his mother he was a great-grandson of Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy. He is the addressee, or joint composer, of a poem (a tenson) by Walter of Bibbesworth about crusading, La pleinte par entre missire Henry de Lacy et sire Wauter de Bybelesworthe pur la croiserie en la terre seinte.

Amadeus IV, Count of Savoy
Amadeus IV (1197 – 11 June 1253) was Count of Savoy from 1233 to 1253.

Amadeus was born in Montmélian, Savoy. The legitimate heir of Thomas I of Savoy and Margaret of Geneva, he had, however, to fight with his brothers for the inheritance of Savoy's lands after their father's death. His brothers Pietro and Aimone spurred a revolt in Aosta Valley against Amadeus, but he was able to crush it with the help of Manfred III of Saluzzo and Boniface II of Montferrat, who were his sons-in-law. Together with his brother, Thomas, he fought against the communes of Turin and Pinerolo, but with uncertain results.

He was succeeded by his young son Boniface.
Clean Sweep (TV series)
Clean Sweep is an Irish six-part crime thriller television series created by Gary Tieche. Distributed by ZDF Studios, it premiered on RTÉ in Ireland on 14 May 2023 and on SundanceNow in the United States on 22 June 2023. Tieche co-wrote the screenplay with Fran Harris, while it was directed by Ronan Burke and Yves Christian Fournier. Action is largely set in Wicklow with some scenes set in London or Northumbria. Filming began in 2021 in Wicklow, Wicklow Mountains and Dargle River into mid-2022. The main protagonists, Shelly (Charlene McKenna) and Jason (Barry Ward), are a married couple. Shelly is a stay-at-home mother, who raises their children. Into Shelly's life returns Charlie (Adam Fergus) – a former boyfriend from 20 years ago. Jason is a police detective, who pursues a murderer to advance his career. Jason is assisted by Fiona (Jeanne Nicole Ní Áinle) – the pair are also having a clandestine affair.

River Dargle
The River Dargle (Irish: An Deargail, meaning 'little red spot') is a river that flows from the Wicklow Mountains in Ireland to the Irish Sea. It forms Powerscourt Waterfall, receives the Glencree and Glencullen Rivers, and later the Glenmunder Stream / County Brook, and the Swan River at Bray, and reaches the sea at Bray Harbour.
Hatrick Hodi Maga
Hatrick Hodi Maga (transl. Hit a hat-trick son) is a 2009 Indian Kannada action crime film directed and written by P. N. Satya. The film stars Shiva Rajkumar and Nicolette Bird. The film has musical score composed by Jassie Gift.

Jassie Gift
Jassie Gift is an Indian cinematic music composer and playback singer. He composes songs and sings for Malayalam, Kannada, Tamil and Telugu films. He became famous after the release of the song "Lajjavathiye" from the film 4 The People.

He won the Best Music Director award at The Bangalore Times Film Awards 2011. He is credited with popularising Rapping and Hip-hop in Kerala. He is also known for Sanju Weds Geetha (2011), Anniyan (2005) and Myna (2013).
Candida, Woman of the Year
Candida, Woman of the Year (Spanish: Cándida, la mujer del año) is a 1943 Argentine comedy film of the classical era directed by Enrique Santos Discépolo and starring Niní Marshall, Augusto Codecá, and Carlos Morganti.

Niní Marshall
Marina Esther Traveso (June 1, 1903 – March 18, 1996), known by her stage name Niní Marshall, was an Argentine humorist, comic actress and screenwriter; nicknamed The Chaplin with a skirt and The Lady of Humour.