hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mungalup, Western Australia
Mungalup is a rural town and locality of the Shire of Collie in the South West region of Western Australia.

The town of Mungalup is located within the eastern part of the locality and in a state forest, with a reserve in this state forest being used to cut sleepers for the railway lines in the early 1900s. Sleepers were transported by tram line to Collie and the local sleeper cutters lived in basic huts in the area. The area was surveyed and gazetted in 1906, with a number of names suggested for the new townsite, among them Lucknow, used locally, and Hearnshawville, after a local politician. Eventually, the name Mungalupp, of unknown origin, was chosen, and was changed to Mungalup in 1925.

Mungalup is located on the traditional land of the Kaniyang and Wiilman people of the Noongar nation.

Mungalup is the location of Mungalup Dam, opened in November 1934 by the Deputy Premier of Western Australia, Alick McCallum, as a water supply for Collie.

Collie, Western Australia
Collie is a town in the South West region of Western Australia, 213 kilometres (132 mi) south of the state capital, Perth, and 59 kilometres (37 mi) inland from the regional city and port of Bunbury. It is near the junction of the Collie and Harris Rivers, in the middle of dense jarrah forest and the only coalfields in Western Australia. At the 2021 census, Collie had a population of 7,599.

Collie is mainly known as a coal-producing centre, but also offers industrial, agricultural and aquaculture tourism industries. Muja Power Station is located 15 kilometres (9 mi) south-east, Collie Power Station is 5 kilometres (3 mi) east, and Bluewaters Power Station is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) northeast of the town. To its west is the Wellington Dam, a popular location for fishing, swimming and boating.
Uzmani
Uzmani (pronounced [ˈuːzmani] or [uˈzmaːni]; in older sources also Uzmane, German: Usmane) is a settlement west of Rob in the Municipality of Velike Lašče in central Slovenia. It lies just off the road leading from Rob to Krvava Peč. The entire municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Rob, Velike Lašče
Rob (pronounced [ˈɾoːp]) is a settlement in the Municipality of Velike Lašče in Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Lac de Remoray
Lac de Remoray is a lake in the Doubs department of France. Located in the municipalities of Remoray-Boujeons and Labergement-Sainte-Marie, the lake is near Lac de Saint-Point. The lake and its surroundings were made a nature reserve in 1980.

Lac de Saint-Point
Lac de Saint-Point (French pronunciation: [lak də sɛ̃ pwɛ̃]; also Lac de Malbuisson) is a lake formed by the river Doubs near Pontarlier in the Doubs department of France. With a surface area of 5.2 km2, it is one of the largest natural lakes of France.
Strong orientation
In graph theory, a strong orientation of an undirected graph is an assignment of a direction to each edge (an orientation) that makes it into a strongly connected graph.

Strong orientations have been applied to the design of one-way road networks. According to Robbins' theorem, the graphs with strong orientations are exactly the bridgeless graphs, or equivalently, graphs in which each connected component is 2-edge-connected. Eulerian orientations and well-balanced orientations provide important special cases of strong orientations; in turn, strong orientations may be generalized to totally cyclic orientations of disconnected graphs. The set of strong orientations of a graph forms a partial cube, with adjacent orientations in this structure differing in the orientation of a single edge. It is possible to find a single orientation in linear time, but it is #P-complete to count the number of strong orientations of a given graph.

Strongly connected component
In the mathematical theory of directed graphs, a graph is said to be strongly connected if every vertex is reachable from every other vertex. The strongly connected components of a directed graph form a partition into subgraphs that are strongly connected themselves. It is possible to test the strong connectivity of a graph, or to find its strongly connected components, in linear time (that is, Θ(V + E)).
Gaularfjellet
Gaularfjellet is a mountain area in central Vestland county, Norway.  The mountains are crossed by the border between Sunnfjord Municipality, Høyanger Municipality, and Sogndal Municipality.

Norwegian County Road 613 (formerly County Road 13, Norwegian National Road 13, and Norwegian National Road 5) crosses the mountains through a pass that follows the river Gaula, and has a hairpin road.

Before the Høyanger Tunnel was opened in 1982, the only access to Balestrand Municipality from the rest of Norway was by ferry over the fjord or the road over Gaularfjellet (although that mountain road was often closed during the winter).

Høyanger Municipality
Høyanger (Norwegian: [ˈhœ̂ʏɑŋər] ⓘ) is a municipality in Vestland county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Sogn. The administrative center is the village of Høyanger. Other villages in Høyanger Municipality include Austreim, Bjordal, Kyrkjebø, Lavik, Ortnevik, and Vadheim.

Høyanger Municipality is known for having one of the first industrial villages in Norway to use its steep mountains surrounding the village giving excellent conditions for producing hydroelectricity needed for electrolysis. The main product being produced in the village of Høyanger was aluminium.

The 1,001-square-kilometre (386 sq mi) municipality is the 115th largest by area out of the 357 municipalities in Norway. Høyanger Municipality is the 208th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 3,894. The municipality's population density is 3.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (10/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 7.3% over the previous 10-year period.
Pinning (modelling)
Pinning is a technique used when assembling large or heavy model kits (such as metal wargaming miniatures) that involves drilling a hole in two pieces of the model to be joined, and using a "pin" to strengthen the bond when they are glued.  Pinning is a useful technique for reinforcing joints and is essential when making models from parts that were not designed to go together, such as a miniature conversion.

While models that are used for display purposes do not often require pinning, heavy models that are frequently handled (such as large metal miniatures used for wargaming) will often benefit from pinning to ensure that the model does not come apart.

Some modellers also use Blu Tack or another temporary adhesive as an aid when pinning.

Miniature model (gaming)
In miniature wargaming, players enact simulated battles using scale models called miniature models, which can be anywhere from 2 to 54 mm in height, to represent warriors, vehicles, artillery, buildings, and terrain. These models are colloquially referred to as miniatures or minis.

Miniature models are commonly made of metal, plastic, or paper. They are used to augment the visual aspects of a game and track position, facing, and line of sight of characters. Miniatures are typically painted and can be artfully sculpted, making them collectible in their own right. Pre-painted plastic figures, such as Clix miniatures produced by WizKids and unpainted plastic figures for Warhammer by Games Workshop, have become popular. The hobby of painting, collecting, and playing with miniatures originated with toy soldiers, though the latter were generally sold pre-painted.
Castellón (Congress of Deputies constituency)
Castellón (Valencian: Castelló) is one of the 52 constituencies (Spanish: circunscripciones) represented in the Congress of Deputies, the lower chamber of the Spanish parliament, the Cortes Generales. The constituency currently elects five deputies. Its boundaries correspond to those of the Spanish province of Castellón. The electoral system uses the D'Hondt method and closed-list proportional representation, with a minimum threshold of three percent.

Province of Castellón
Castellón (Spanish: Provincia de Castellón [kasteˈʎon]); Valencian: Província de Castelló [kasteˈʎo]) is a province in the northern part of the Valencian Community. It is bordered by the provinces of Valencia to the south, Teruel to the west, Tarragona to the north, and by the Mediterranean Sea to the east. The western side of the province is in the mountainous Sistema Ibérico area. It has a population of 627,620.
Dick Lundy (animator)
Richard James Lundy (August 14, 1907 – April 7, 1990) was an American animator and film director who worked at several animation studios including Walt Disney Productions, MGM, Walter Lantz Productions, and Hanna-Barbera. Lundy was a pioneer of personality animation and is best remembered as one of the creators of Donald Duck. Throughout his career, he worked as a primary animator on at least 60 films, both short and feature-length, and directed 51 shorts.

Woody Woodpecker filmography
This is a list of animated cartoons that star Woody Woodpecker, who appeared in 204 cartoons (195 Woody shorts and 9 miscellaneous shorts) during and after the Golden age of American animation. All the cartoons were produced by Walter Lantz Productions, and were distributed by Universal Pictures, United Artists and Universal International. Also listed are miscellaneous cartoons that feature Woody but are not a part of the main short series.
Hunter McGrady
Hunter Sienna McGrady (born May 4, 1993) is an American plus-size model. She started plus-size modelling when she was 19 years old after being signed with Wilhelmina. She is currently signed to One Management and was recently featured on the cover of Sports illustrated Swimsuit’s 2024 60th Anniversary Legends issue.

Plus-size model
A plus-size model is an individual size 12 and above who is engaged primarily in modeling plus-size clothing. Plus-size clothing worn by plus-size models is typically catering for and marketed to either big, tall or overweight men and women. Plus-size models also engage in work that is not strictly related to selling clothing, e.g., stock photography and advertising photography for cosmetics, household and pharmaceutical products and sunglasses, footwear and watches. Therefore, plus-size models do not exclusively wear garments marketed as plus-size clothing. This is especially true when participating in fashion editorials for mainstream fashion magazines.

Synonymous and interchangeable with plus-size model is "full-figured model",    "extended-sizes model", "over-weight model", "fat model" and "outsize model". Previously, the term "large size model" was also frequently used.
James E. Nathanson
James E. "Jim" Nathanson is a former politician and lawyer in Washington, D.C. He was elected to represent Ward 3 on the Council of the District of Columbia in 1987 and served until 1995.

Nathanson was a teacher at Duke Ellington School of the Arts in February 1986 when he announced his run for the Ward 3 council seat of Polly Shackleton, who was not running for reelection. He won the 1986 election and was reelected in 1990, but was defeated in an upset by Kathleen Patterson in the 1994 Democratic primary. Patterson emphasized her commitment to district-wide issues and criticized Nathanson's commitment to fiscal responsibility.

Council of the District of Columbia
The Council of the District of Columbia (or simply D.C. Council) is the legislative branch of the government of the District of Columbia. As permitted in the United States Constitution, the district is not part of any U.S. state and is overseen directly by the federal government.

Since 1975, the United States Congress has devolved to the Council certain powers that are typically exercised by city councils elsewhere in the country, as well as many powers normally held by state legislatures. However, the Constitution vests Congress with ultimate authority over the federal district, and therefore all acts of the council are subject to congressional review. They may be overturned by Congress and the president. Congress also has the power to legislate for the district and even revoke the home rule charter altogether.

The council meets in the John A. Wilson Building in downtown Washington, D.C.
Association of Zoos and Aquariums
The Association of Zoos and Aquariums (AZA), originally the American Association of Zoological Parks and Aquariums (AAZPA), is an American 501(c)(3)
nonprofit organization founded in 1924 and dedicated to the advancement of zoos and public aquariums in the areas of conservation, education, science, and recreation. AZA is headquartered in Silver Spring, Maryland, and accredits zoos. There were 238 accredited zoos and aquariums as of 2025, primarily in the US, with a handful in twelve other countries; additionally, the AZA network contains 14 accredited related facilities.

Silver Spring, Maryland
Silver Spring is a census-designated place (CDP) in southeastern Montgomery County, Maryland, United States, near Washington, D.C. Although officially unincorporated, it is an edge city with a population of 81,015 at the 2020 census, making it the fifth-most-populous place in Maryland after Baltimore, Columbia, Germantown, and Waldorf.

Downtown Silver Spring, located next to the northern tip of Washington, D.C., is the oldest and most urbanized area of Silver Spring, surrounded by several inner suburban residential neighborhoods inside the Capital Beltway. Many mixed-use developments combining retail, residential, and office space have been built since 2004.

Silver Spring takes its name from a mica-flecked spring discovered there in 1840 by Francis Preston Blair, who subsequently bought much of the area's surrounding land. Acorn Park, south of downtown, is believed to be the site of the original spring.
Bull and Crown, Chingford
The Bull and Crown is a Grade II listed former public house, now restaurant, at The Green, Chingford, London E4.

It was built in 1898.

In December 2012, after a £500,000 redevelopment, it re-opened as a branch of the Prezzo restaurant chain.

Chingford
Chingford is a suburban town in east London, England, within the London Borough of Waltham Forest. The centre of Chingford is 9.2 miles (14.8 km) north-east of Charing Cross. Chingford is bounded by the River Lea to the west, Epping Forest to the north and east, and Walthamstow to the south. It had a population of 70,583 at the 2021 census.

The name Chingford was first recorded in 913AD, with the ancient parish of Chingford being a largely rural farming community until urbanisation began in the late 19th century and became particularly pronounced in the interwar period.

The parish of Chingford was part of the Waltham hundred of Essex. The parish was granted urban district status in 1894, and municipal borough status in 1938. Its administrative headquarters were at Chingford Town Hall until 1965 when the Municipal Borough of Chingford merged with the municipal boroughs of Walthamstow and Leyton to form a new borough, Waltham Forest, within the new Greater London.
Protein carbonylation
In biochemistry, protein carbonylation refers to oxidation of the side chains of proteins to introduce ketone (>C=O) and aldehyde (−CH=O) groups in a protein.  The following amino acid residues are affected:

prolyl to pyrrolidone

glutamyl to glutamic semialdehyde

lysyl to aminoadipic acid semialdehyde

threonyl to amino ketobutyric acid

Carbonylation is typically assumed to be the result of reactive oxygen species (ROS) attacking the protein side chain.  ROS species include hydroperoxide or lipic hydroperoxides.  Protein carbonylation is of interest because of its association with various diseases. Oxidative stress, often metal catalyzed, leads to protein carbonylation.

Reactive oxygen species
In chemistry and biology, reactive oxygen species (ROS) are highly reactive chemicals formed from diatomic oxygen (O2), water, and hydrogen peroxide. Some prominent ROS are the hydroperoxide radical or hydroperoxyl (HO2), superoxide (O2−), the hydroxyl radical (OH.), and singlet oxygen(1O2).  ROS are pervasive because they are readily produced from O2, which is abundant.  ROS are important in many ways, both beneficial and otherwise.  ROS function as signals, that turn on and off biological functions.  They are intermediates in the redox behavior of O2, which is central to fuel cells.  ROS are central to the photodegradation of organic pollutants in the atmosphere.  Most often, however, ROS are discussed in a biological context, ranging from their effects on aging and their role in causing dangerous genetic mutations.
King of the Nerds
King of the Nerds is an American reality competition series co-produced by Electus and 5x5 Media. It was inspired by the Revenge of the Nerds films. The show is hosted by actors and executive producers Robert Carradine and Curtis Armstrong, known for their roles as Lewis Skolnick and Dudley "Booger" Dawson, respectively, in Revenge of the Nerds. The series premiered on January 17, 2013, on TBS. The show features nerds and geeks with diverse backgrounds and interests competing in various challenges for a cash prize of $100,000 and the title of "King of the Nerds". Following a three-season run, the series was cancelled by TBS.

Geek
The word geek is a slang term originally used to describe eccentric or non-mainstream people; in current use, the word typically connotes an expert or enthusiast obsessed with a hobby or intellectual pursuit. In the past, it had a generally pejorative meaning of a "peculiar person, especially one who is perceived to be overly intellectual, unfashionable, boring, or socially awkward". In the 21st century, it was reclaimed and used by many people, especially members of some fandoms, as a positive term.

Some use the term self-referentially without malice or as a source of pride, often referring simply to "someone who is interested in a subject (usually intellectual or complex) for its own sake".
Russian destroyer Admiral Ushakov
69°05′06″N 33°25′03″E﻿ / ﻿69.0849802°N 33.4174671°E﻿ / 69.0849802; 33.4174671

Admiral Ushakov is a Sovremenny-class destroyer of the Russian Navy. Previously she was named Besstrashny before being renamed in 2004.

Sovremenny-class destroyer
The Sovremenny class, Soviet designation Project 956 Sarych (buzzard), is a class of anti-ship and anti-aircraft guided-missile destroyers of the Soviet and later Russian Navy. The ships are named after qualities, with "Sovremenny" translating as "modern" or "contemporary". Most of the ships have been retired from active service and one converted into a museum ship in 2018; as of 2025 one remains in the ranks of the Russian Navy. Four modified ships were delivered to the People's Liberation Army Navy, and remain in service.

The Sovremenny class are guided-missile destroyers, primarily tasked with anti-ship warfare, while also providing sea and air defense for warships and transports under escort. The class was designed to complement the Udaloy-class destroyers, which were fitted primarily for anti-submarine operations.
Michał Dworczyk
Michał Paweł Dworczyk (born 22 July 1975) is a Polish politician. Dworczyk worked as an adviser for Eastern European and Polonia affairs for Prime Ministers Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz and Jarosław Kaczyński between 2005 and 2007, and later served as an adviser to President Lech Kaczyński from 2009 to 2010. In the 2015 parliamentary election, Dworczyk was elected to the Sejm as a member of the Law and Justice party.

Between March and December 2017, Dworczyk served Deputy Minister of National Defence.

In December 2017, Prime Minister Mateusz Morawiecki appointed Dworczyk as the Chief of the Chancellery.

He was elected as a Member of the European Parliament in 2024. He is the Vice-Chair of the Committee on Security and Defence in the European Parliament.  On 7 October 2025, the European Parliament lifted Dworczyk's parliamentary immunity to allow investigations against him in Poland to proceed.

Dworczyk was born in Warsaw.

Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz
Kazimierz Marcinkiewicz (Polish pronunciation: [kaˈʑimjɛʂ mart͡ɕiŋˈkʲɛvit͡ʂ] ⓘ; born 20 December 1959) is a Polish conservative politician who served as Prime Minister of Poland from 31 October 2005 to 14 July 2006. He was a member of the Law and Justice party (Prawo i Sprawiedliwość, PiS).
Tall Heydari, Jahrom
Tall Heydari (Persian: تل حيدري, also Romanized as Tall Ḩeydarī) is a village in Jolgah Rural District, in the Central District of Jahrom County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 11, in 5 families.

Jolgah Rural District
Jolgah Rural District (Persian: دهستان جلگاه) is in the Central District of Jahrom County, Fars province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Jahrom. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Heydarabad.
Robert Gibbes
Robert Gibbes (January 9, 1644 – June 24, 1715) was a prominent English Landgrave and one of the first settlers of Charles Town (now Charleston) in 1670 and played a significant role in the early governance of South Carolina. He held multiple key positions in the colonial administration, including lieutenant colonel in the South Carolina militia, member of the first Commons House of Assembly, Proprietor’s Deputy, member of the Grand Council, Chief Justice of South Carolina, and Acting Governor of the entire Carolina Province.

Lord proprietor
A lord proprietor is a person granted a royal charter for the establishment and government of an English colony in the 17th century. The plural of the term is "lords proprietors" or "lords proprietary".
Hyperdeformation
In nuclear physics, hyperdeformation is theoretically predicted states of an atomic nucleus with an extremely elongated shape and a very high angular momentum. Less elongated states, superdeformation, have been well observed, but the experimental evidence for hyperdeformation is more limited. Hyperdeformed states correspond to an axis ratio of 3:1. They would be caused by a third minimum in the potential energy surface, the second causing superdeformation and the first minimum being normal deformation. Hyperdeformation is predicted to be found in excited states of 107Cd especially.

Nuclear physics
Nuclear physics is the field of physics that studies atomic nuclei and their constituents and interactions, in addition to the study of other forms of nuclear matter.

Nuclear physics should not be confused with atomic physics, which studies the atom as a whole, including its electrons.

Discoveries in nuclear physics have led to applications in many fields such as nuclear power, nuclear weapons, nuclear medicine and magnetic resonance imaging, industrial and agricultural isotopes, ion implantation in materials engineering, and radiocarbon dating in geology and archaeology. Such applications are studied in the field of nuclear engineering.

Particle physics evolved out of nuclear physics and the two fields are typically taught in close association. Nuclear astrophysics, the application of nuclear physics to astrophysics, is crucial in explaining the inner workings of stars and the origin of the chemical elements.