hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2015 Advantage Cars Prague Open
The 2015 Advantage Cars Prague Open,  also known as Advantage Cars Prague Open by Zenova Services for sponsorship reasons, was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 22nd (ATP) and 11th (ITF) editions of the tournament and part of the 2015 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2015 ITF Women's Circuit, offering totals of €42,500 (ATP) and $75,000 (ITF) in prize money. It took place in Prague, Czech Republic, on 10–16 August 2015.

2015 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2015 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2015 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $220,000. It was the 38th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 7th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Drude (crater)
Drude is a lunar impact crater that lies on the far side of the Moon, in the rugged Montes Cordillera range that forms the outer ring around the Mare Orientale impact basin. It is located just behind the west-southwest limb, and this area is sometimes brought into sight from Earth during favorable librations. However, even at such times, the crater is viewed from the edge and little detail can be seen.

This is a circular crater with a relatively sharp edge, sloping inner walls and a fairly level interior. It has not been significantly eroded, and is generally unremarkable. The nearest craters of note are Graff to the south-southeast and Focas to the north-northwest. The surrounding area is of note for the tumultuous terrain created by the ejecta from Mare Imbrium.

The satellite crater formerly known as Drude S was renamed Heyrovský by the IAU.

This crater lies north of the Mendel-Rydberg Basin, a 630 km wide impact basin of Nectarian age.

Graff (lunar crater)
Graff is a small lunar impact crater that lies along the southwestern limb of the Moon. It is located to the west of the Vallis Bouvard depression in the southern part of the ejecta blanket that surrounds the Mare Orientale impact basin. To the south-southwest is the smaller crater Catalán.

The outer rim of this crater is roughly circular, with a slight outward protrusion along the southern side. The rim and inner walls are not significantly eroded, and slope downward to a ring of accumulated debris surrounding the interior floor. The bottom is somewhat irregular, with a tiny crater near the midpoint and another to the northeast.

Because of its location, this crater is viewed obliquely by observers on the Earth, and its visibility can be affected by libration.

This crater lies within the Mendel-Rydberg Basin, a 630 km wide impact basin of Nectarian age.
Butheric
Butheric (German: Butherich; Latin: Buthericus; died 390) was a Roman general of Gothic descent. Under the reign of emperor Theodosius I, Butheric was stationed in Thessalonica as a magister militum. According to Sozomen, in June of the year 390 he had a famous circus charioteer arrested in Thessalonica, who openly practiced pederasty. This was based on the emperor's law which punished "sin against nature" with death. The population reacted violently against the arrest, both for the popularity of the charioteer and for prejudices against Goths. Butheric was lynched by the mob in the circus. In retaliation, Theodosius authorized his Gothic soldiers to punish the people of city, in what is known as the Massacre of Thessalonica.

Magister militum
Magister militum (Latin for "master of soldiers"; pl.: magistri militum) was a top-level military command used in the late Roman Empire, dating from the reign of Constantine the Great. The term referred to the senior military officer (equivalent to a war theatre commander, the emperor remaining the supreme commander) of the empire. The office continued to exist and evolve during the early Byzantine Empire. In Greek sources, the term is translated either as strategos or as stratelates (although these terms were also used non-technically to refer to commanders of different ranks).
Young's lattice
In mathematics, Young's lattice is a lattice that is formed by all integer partitions. It is named after Alfred Young, who, in a series of papers On quantitative substitutional analysis, developed the representation theory of the symmetric group.  In Young's theory, the objects now called Young diagrams and the partial order on them played a key, even decisive, role. Young's lattice prominently figures in algebraic combinatorics, forming the simplest example of a differential poset in the sense of Stanley (1988). It is also closely connected with the crystal bases for affine Lie algebras.

Crystal base
A crystal base for a representation of a quantum group on a -vector space
is not a base of that vector space but rather a -base of  where  is a -lattice in that vector space. Crystal bases appeared in the work of Kashiwara (1990) and also in the work of Lusztig (1990). They can be viewed as specializations as  of the canonical basis defined by Lusztig (1990).
Mangrove honeyeater
The mangrove honeyeater (Gavicalis fasciogularis) is a species of bird in the honeyeater family Meliphagidae. The species was once considered to be conspecific with the varied honeyeater, but it is now treated as a separate species. These two species form a genus with the singing honeyeater.

It is endemic to Australia, where it is restricted to the eastern coast from Townsville in Queensland to northern New South Wales. The species has been expanding its range southward in recent years. The mangrove honeyeater is generally locally common over most of its range, but is rarer in the south.

There are 177 species of honeyeaters in 40 genera, including the Blue-faced honeyeater (Entomyzon cyanotis), Bell miner (Manorina melanophrys), Stitchbird (Notiomystis cincta), Western spinebill (Acanthorhynchus superciliosus), and the Wattlebirds of the genus Anthochaera.

Varied honeyeater
The varied honeyeater (Gavicalis versicolor) is a species of bird in the family Meliphagidae. It is found in coastal areas of New Guinea and eastern Cape York Peninsula in Queensland, Australia. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical mangrove forests.

The varied honeyeater was previously placed in the genus Lichenostomus, but was moved to Gavicalis after molecular phylogenetic analysis, published in 2011, showed that the original genus was polyphyletic.
Aetna, Alberta
Aetna is a hamlet in southern Alberta, Canada within Cardston County, located 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) east of Highway 2, approximately 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Lethbridge.

Settlement of the Aetna area began in 1888. Until 1893, the area was known as Snake Creek. In 1893 the community was named after Mount Etna by John W. Taylor, apostle for the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, who said a nearby hill resembled the Sicilian mountain.

Cardston County
Cardston County is a municipal district in southern Alberta, Canada. It is located in Census Division 3 around the Town of Cardston.

The municipal district was established on January 1, 1954, through the amalgamation of the Municipal District of Sugar City No. 5 and part of the Municipal District of Cochrane No. 6. On January 1, 2000, the name was changed from Municipal District of Cardston No. 6 to Cardston County

Payne Lake
The Tithe Barn, Bolton Abbey
The Tithe Barn is a historic building in the village of Bolton Abbey, in North Yorkshire in England.

The building was probably constructed in the 16th century, as the tithe barn of Bolton Priory. It was Grade II* listed in 1954. In 2019, it was converted into a wedding venue by the Cripps Barn Group, the work including a new bat house for the Natterer and Pipistrelle bats which nested in the barn. The conversion won a Regional Conservation Award from the Royal Institute of British Architects. Historic England describe the building as "a very unusual survival in the north of England".

The single-storey building is built of stone, with a stone slate roof.  It is ten bays long.  On the front are two double doors with segmental arches in half-dormers, and there are other later openings.  The interior is aisled, with nine king-post frames.  The fifth bay has a threshing floor.

Bolton Abbey (village)
Bolton Abbey is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England, 22 miles (35 km) north-west of Leeds. The village lies in Wharfedale, near the southern edge of the Yorkshire Dales National Park, and just north of the border with West Yorkshire.

The village takes its name from the monastery now generally known as Bolton Priory, and is adjacent to the Bolton Abbey Estate, which includes the priory ruins and extends beyond the parish.  The church of Bolton Priory is now the parish church of Bolton Abbey.

Until 1974 it was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Craven, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

Bolton Abbey railway station lies 0.6 miles (1 km) south west of the village, just outside the parish boundary.

The parish had a population of 111 in the 2011 census.
Qaysareyah of Kirkuk
The Qaysareyah Market is an old market in the city of Kirkuk in Iraq, located near the Kirkuk Citadel. Sources claim it was built in 1855 during the Ottoman Empire era.

The market is arranged to reflect the hours, days, and months of the year. It consists of 365 stores which symbolize the days of the year, 12 small rooms on its second floor for the 12 months of the year, 24 aisles for the hours of the day, and has 7 doors for the days of the week. The market was renovated in 1978.

Kirkuk Citadel
The Kirkuk Citadel (Arabic: قلعة كركوك; Kurdish: قەڵای کەرکووک; Turkish: Kerkük Kalesi) is a citadel and associated structures located in the centre of Kirkuk, Iraq, and is considered to be the oldest part of the city. The citadel stands on a 40-metre-high (130 ft) tell, located on a plateau across the Khasa River.

In April 2021, the 42.5-hectare (105-acre) citadel site was added to the tentative list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
Waitahaia River
The Waitahaia River is a river in the Waiapu Valley of the Gisborne District of New Zealand's North Island. It flows northeast from Ruatahunga Stream, which originates at the southern end of the Raukūmara Range, to reach the Mata River 20 kilometres (12 mi) west of Te Puia Springs. Brown trout, a European species of fish, was introduced into New Zealand for fishing in the late 1860s.

Mata River
The Mata River is a river of the East Coast of the North Island of New Zealand. It flows northeast from the slopes of Mount Arowhana in the Raukumara Range to join with the Tapuaeroa River close to the settlement of Ruatoria, in doing so forming the Waiapu River, which reaches the Pacific Ocean near Rangitukia, 10 kilometres (6 mi) south of East Cape.
Francisco de Távora, 1st Count of Alvor
D. Francisco de Távora, 1st Count of Alvor (1646 – 31 May 1710) was a Portuguese nobleman, military officer, diplomat, and colonial administrator of the second half of the 17th century and early 18th century. He served the Kingdom of Portugal during the reigns of Kings Afonso VI, Peter II, and John V. He was the third son of the 2nd Count of São João da Pesqueira, António Luís de Távora and his wife Arcângela Maria de Portugal, daughter of the 4th Count of Linhares.

Peter II of Portugal
Dom Pedro II (Peter II; 26 April 1648 – 9 December 1706), nicknamed the Pacific (Português: o Pacífico) was King of Portugal from 1683 until his death, previously serving as regent for his brother Afonso VI from 1668 until his own accession. He was the fifth and last child of John IV and Luisa de Guzmán.
Fish Holm
Fish Holm is a small island, 1.5 miles (2.4 km) east of Mainland, Shetland. It is near the village of Mossbank.

It is 20 metres (66 ft) at its highest point, and a mile south of Samphrey in Yell Sound.

Samphrey
Samphrey (Scots: Samphrey; Old Norse: Sandfriðarey) is an uninhabited island in the Shetland Islands, Scotland. One of Fair Isle's old names is "Friðarey" which is of similar origin.

It is situated in the southern end of Yell Sound, between the Mainland, Shetland at Mossbank and the island of Yell. On the O-S 1:50,000 map it covers an area of about 66 ha (including the once separate island of Bunglan). It is in the parish of Delting.

To the north west of Samphrey is Bunglan, which was once an island in its own right, but has become silted up by two tombolos, which now connect it to Samphrey. There is a small loch between Bunglan and Samphrey proper, which can just about be seen on the aerial picture.

Blaeu's Atlas Maior calls the island "Sancterre" (Holy Land) in the 17th century, lending the island another intriguing etymology.
Mothers' pensions
Mothers' pensions, also referred to as mothers' aid or widows' aid, were cash payments distributed to impoverished single mothers in the United States during the first three decades of the 20th century. Introduced during the Progressive Era, they were among the earliest components of the modern American welfare state and were the first public cash assistance programs targeted to single mothers.

Mother's pensions were aimed at family preservation, intending to provide the means for poor single mothers to care for their children in their own homes. While primarily targeted at widows, they were also sometimes authorized for women whose husbands had deserted them, were confined to mental hospitals or prisons, or were physically or mentally incapacitated. They were financed and administered by state and local governments, and served as a precursor to the federal Aid to Dependent Children program created by the Social Security Act of 1935.

Linda Gordon
Irene Linda Gordon (born January 19, 1940) is an American historian and professor who has written widely on 20th century social policy in the United States, with an emphasis on gender and family issues. She is a two-time recipient of the Bancroft Prize. Her best-known book is the 2009 biography, Dorothea Lange: A Life Beyond Limits.
Dihydrosirohydrochlorin
Dihydrosirohydrochlorin is one of several naturally occurring tetrapyrrole macrocyclic metabolic intermediates in the biosynthesis of vitamin B12 (cobalamin). Its oxidised form, sirohydrochlorin, is precursor to  sirohaem, the iron-containing prosthetic group in sulfite reductase enzymes. Further biosynthetic transformations convert sirohydrochlorin to cofactor F430 for an enzyme which catalyzes the release of methane in the final step of methanogenesis.

Sirohydrochlorin
Sirohydrochlorin is a tetrapyrrole macrocyclic metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of sirohaem, the iron-containing prosthetic group in sulfite reductase enzymes. It is also the biosynthetic precursor to cofactor F430, an enzyme which catalyzes the release of methane in the final step of methanogenesis.
Skipjack Island (Washington)
Skipjack Island is a 37-acre (15 ha) island in the San Juan Islands in the Salish Sea in the U.S. state of Washington. The island sits about 1 mile north of Waldron Island in the Boundary Pass. British Columbia's Saturna Island lies 3.2 miles to the northwest across the Canadian maritime border. Skipjack Island is uninhabited and protected as part of the San Juan Islands National Wildlife Refuge.

Waldron Island
Waldron, also known as Waldron Island, is an unincorporated community in San Juan County, Washington, United States. Its population was 104 at the 2000 census.

Waldron is in the San Juan Islands. It is designated as a Limited Development District and commercial recreation facilities are prohibited. There is no ferry service, only one county-owned dock, and no electricity or water supply.
Mathis Valin
Mathis Valin (born 18 August 2006) is a French professional Motocross racer. Valin has competed full-time in the MX2 class of the Motocross World Championship since the 2025 season.

Prior to racing in MX2, Valin won the 2023 FIM Motocross Junior World Championship in the 125 class and the 2024 European Motocross Championship in the EMX250 class.

Valin represented France at the 2025 Motocross des Nations, forming part of the team that finished third overall in the event.

In France, Valin is a three-time champion in the French Elite Motocross Championship, winning the Elite MX2 class in 2024. When he won the Junior 125 class in 2023, he recorded a perfect season, winning every race in the series.

2023 European Motocross Championship
The 2023 European Motocross Championship was the 35th European Motocross Championship season since it was revived in 1988. It included 14 events and 6 different classes. It started at Sardinia on 26 March, and ended in Great Britain on 1 October. All rounds acted as support classes at the European rounds of the 2023 MXGP.
NOS (political party)
The NOS (US) is an Argentine right-wing political coalition registered on 12 June 2019, to compete in the 2019 presidential election. In the 2021 primary elections, it presented candidates in the provinces of Buenos Aires, Córdoba, Corrientes, Santa Cruz, Chaco, Entre Ríos, Mendoza, San Luis and in CABA.

However, the political proposal of NOS has been developing since the end of 2018 and became official when in 2019, the then vice president of the Banco de la Nación Argentina, Major (R) Juan José Gómez Centurión decided to resign from that position and completely separate himself from the government of Mauricio Macri.

It is a right-wing space that was born from the social mobilization in 2018 against abortion and in defense of the traditional family. criticized the economic performance, taxes and indebtedness, gender identity, the crime rate, corruption and unemployment during the Macrism and Kirchnerism governments alike.

Christian nationalism
Christian nationalism is a form of religious nationalism that focuses on promoting the Christian views of its followers in order to achieve prominence or dominance in political, cultural, and social life. In countries with a state church, Christian nationalists seek to preserve the status of a Christian state.
No symbol
The general prohibition sign, also known informally as the no symbol, "do not" sign, circle-backslash symbol, nay, interdictory circle, prohibited symbol, is a red circle with a 45-degree diagonal line inside the circle from upper-left to lower-right. It is typically overlaid on a pictogram to warn that an activity is not permitted, or has accompanying text to describe what is prohibited. It is a mechanism in graphical form to assert "drawn norms", i.e. to qualify behaviour without the use of words.

ISO 3864
ISO 3864 is an International Organization for Standardization technical standard for safety signs and markings in workplaces and public facilities. These labels are graphical, to overcome language barriers. The standard is split into four parts.
2022 WDF calendar
2022 WDF season of darts comprises every tournament of World Darts Federation. The prize money of the tournaments may vary depending on category.

Two of WDF's most prestigious events are due to be held in 2022, WDF World Darts Championship (to be held in April'22), WDF World Masters (to be held in December'22)

2022 is the second year in darts under WDF-sole management after the demise of BDO in 2020.

World Darts Federation
The World Darts Federation (WDF) is a sport governing body and (along with the PDC) a tournament organiser for the game of darts. It was formed in 1974 by representatives of the original fourteen founding members. Membership is open to the national organising body for darts in all nations. The WDF encourages the promotion of the sport of darts among and between those bodies, in an effort to gain international recognition for darts as a major sport. The WDF was a full member of Global Association of International Sports Federations, which was the governing body for international sports federations, until dissolution in 2023.
Line Music
Line Music (stylized as LINE MUSIC) is a subscription-based music streaming service by Line Corporation (now LY Corporation) that combines existing Line Messenger app with the entertainment system that users not only can stream the music on-demand, but users can share the music directly to Line Messenger. The chairman for the Line Music division is Lim-Suk Jun. The Line Music app is an alternative version of Naver VIBE in South Korea. It is considered as the biggest listening app in the country.

LY Corporation
LY Corporation (LINEヤフー株式会社, LINE Yafū Kabushiki-gaisha; lit. 'Line Yahoo Corporation'), trading as LYC, is a Japanese internet company owned by A Holdings, a joint venture between SoftBank Group of Japan, and Naver Corporation of South Korea, founded in 2023 by the merger of Z Holdings, and four subsidiaries including Line Corporation and Yahoo! Japan.
Kirkgate Market
Kirkgate Market (pronounced /ˈkɜːrɡət/) is a market complex on Vicar Lane in the city centre of Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. It is the largest covered market in Europe and a Grade I listed building. There are currently 800 stalls which attract over 100,000 visitors a week.

Victoria Leeds
Victoria Leeds is a shopping district and leisure area in central Leeds, comprising the 1990 Victoria Quarter, an arcaded complex of restored 19th-century and contemporary shopping arcades, and the 2016 Victoria Gate development. Notable for its role in the regeneration of Leeds' city centre, and a programme of restoration and reuse which included commissioning the largest work of stained glass work in Europe, designed by artist Brian Clarke, to cover the newly pedestrianised Queen Victoria Street, the 1990 scheme created a covered retail district of linked arcades. In 2016, the Victoria Quarter was merged with the newly built Victoria Gate complex to form the largest premium retail and leisure venue in Northern England. The district includes a casino and major stores such as Harvey Nichols and John Lewis and Partners.
Haw wars
The Haw Wars (Thai: สงครามปราบฮ่อ) were triggered by southern Chinese paramilitary refugee gangs invading parts of Northern Thailand, Laos and Tonkin from 1865–1890. Forces invading Lao domains were ill-disciplined and freely demolished Buddhist temples. Not knowing these were remnants of secret societies, the invaders were wrongly called Haw (Lao: ຫໍ້; Thai: ฮ่อ; Chinese: Hao). Forces sent by King Rama V successfully fought the various groups, the last of which eventually disbanded in 1890.

Wat
A wat (Khmer: វត្ត, vôtt [ʋɔət]; Lao: ວັດ, vat [wāt]; Thai: วัด, RTGS: wat [wát]; Tai Lü: 「ᩅᨯ᩠ᨰ」(waD+Dha); Northern Thai: 「ᩅ᩠ᨯ᩶」 (w+Da2), [wa̋t]) is a type of Buddhist and Hindu temple in Cambodia, Laos, East Shan State (Myanmar), Yunnan (China), the Southern Province of Sri Lanka, and Thailand.
Turkey Lacrosse Association
Turkey Lacrosse Association (TLA) is a non-profit organization formed to educate and disseminate information on the sport of lacrosse in Turkey and globally.  The association also provides financial support for the sport in Turkey, including funding and managing Turkey's national teams.

Represented by TLA, Turkey is the first predominantly Muslim country to play lacrosse competitively and to be a member of the Federation of International Lacrosse and the European Lacrosse Federation.

European Lacrosse Federation
European Lacrosse Federation (ELF) is the sport governing body of men and women's lacrosse in Europe. It was founded in 1995 by the Czech Republic, Scotland, England, Sweden, Germany, and Wales. There are currently 34 member nations.
Yīn (surname 陰)
Yīn (trad. 陰, simp. 阴) is a Chinese surname. It is Romanized as Im in Min Nan and Yam in Cantonese. According to a 2013 study, it was the 390th most common name in China; it was shared by 39,000 people, or 0.0067% of the population, being most popular in Shanxi. It is the 283rd name in the Hundred Family Surnames poem.

It should not be confused with the much more popular surname Yīn (殷), whose name comes from the Shang capital of Yin.

Yīn (surname)
Yīn (Chinese: 殷; pinyin: Yīn) is a Chinese surname. It is derived from the name of the capital of the Shang dynasty. A 2013 study found that it was the 126th most common surname, being shared by 1,470,000 people or 0.110% of the population, with Jiangsu being the province with the most. It is the 74th name on the Hundred Family Surnames poem.