hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oogamy
Oogamy is a type of sexual reproduction where the gametes differ greatly in both size and form. In oogamy in animals the large female gamete (also known as the ovum) is immotile, while the small male gamete (also known as a sperm) is mobile. Most sexually reproducing species – animals,  land plants and some algae, are oogamous. It is generally accepted that isogamy is the ancestral state, from which oogamy evolved at least twenty times via anisogamy. Once oogamy evolves, males and females typically differ in various aspects. Internal fertilization may have originated from oogamy, although some studies suggest certain species may have evolved before the transition from external to internal fertilization. In streptophytes, oogamy occurred before the split from green algae.

Streptophyta
Streptophyta (/strɛpˈtɒfɪtə, ˈstrɛptoʊfaɪtə/), informally the streptophytes (/ˈstrɛptəfaɪts/, from the Greek strepto 'twisted', for the morphology of the sperm of some members), is a clade of plants. The composition of the clade varies considerably between authors, but the definition employed here includes land plants and all green algae except the Chlorophyta and the more basal Prasinodermophyta.
Alexander Steen
Alexander Lennart Steen (born 1 March 1984) is a Swedish former professional ice hockey player. He was drafted 24th overall by the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 2002 NHL entry draft, and started his NHL career with Toronto. He was traded to the St. Louis Blues in 2008, where he played the remainder of his career, winning the Stanley Cup in 2019. Steen has been named the successor to Doug Armstrong as general manager of the Blues after the 2025–26 season.

Steen is the son of Thomas Steen, who also played professional ice hockey and later became a conservative politician.

2002 NHL entry draft
The 2002 NHL entry draft was the 40th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 22 and 23, 2002, at the Air Canada Centre in Toronto, Ontario. In total, 291 players were drafted: 35 from the Ontario Hockey League (OHL); 23 from the Quebec Major Junior Hockey League (QMJHL); 43 from the Western Hockey League (WHL); 41 from the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) hockey conferences; six from U.S. high schools and 110 from outside North America.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Duncan Keith, who played his last NHL game in the 2021–22 season.
Hopeless (film)
Hopeless (Korean: 화란; RR: Hwaran) is a 2023 South Korean neo-noir thriller film directed by Kim Chang-hoon and starring Hong Xa-bin in his film debut. The film also features Song Joong-ki and Kim Hyeong-seo. The film depicts a teenage boy, Yeon-gyu, who while wanting to escape from his hellish reality, meets the middle boss of a local gang, Chi-geon, and ends up in the world of crime. It premiered in the Un Certain Regard section at the 2023 Cannes Film Festival. The film was released theatrically in South Korea on October 11, 2023.

Un Certain Regard
Un Certain Regard (French: [œ̃ sɛʁtɛ̃ ʁəɡaʁ]; 'A Certain Glance') is a section of the Cannes Film Festival's official selection. It is run at the salle Debussy, parallel to the competition for the Palme d'Or. This section was introduced in 1978 by Gilles Jacob.

The section presents 20 films with unusual styles and non-traditional stories seeking international recognition.

Since 1998, the section has awarded the Un Certain Regard Prize to one film in the lineup, recognising emerging talent and innovative work. At the 1998 Cannes Film Festival, Killer by Darezhan Omirbaev was named the inaugural winner, while The Mysterious Gaze of the Flamingo by Diego Céspedes is the most recent winner (2025).
2016 NCHC Tournament
The 2016 NCHC Tournament was the third tournament in league history. It was played between March 11 and March 19, 2016. Quarterfinal games were played at home team campus sites, while the final four games were played at the Target Center in Minneapolis, Minnesota. By winning the tournament, St. Cloud State received the NCHC's automatic bid to the 2016 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament.

2016 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament
The 2016 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey tournament was the national championship tournament for men's college ice hockey in the United States in 2016. The tournament involved 16 teams in single-elimination play to determine the national champion at the Division I level of the NCAA, the highest level of competition in college hockey. The tournament's Frozen Four – the semifinals and finals – were hosted by the University of Wisconsin and the Tampa Bay Sports Commission at Amalie Arena in Tampa, Florida.

North Dakota defeated Quinnipiac 5–1 to win the program's 8th NCAA title.

This is the first time in NCAA college hockey history that a first year coach, Brad Berry, won the NCAA title.
Publius Rutilius Rufus
Publius Rutilius Rufus (158 BC – after 78 BC) was a Roman statesman, soldier, orator and historian of the Rutilia gens, as well as a great-uncle of Gaius Julius Caesar (through his sister Rutilia, Caesar's maternal grandmother). He achieved the highest political office in the Roman Republic when he was elected consul in 105 BC.

During his consulship, he reformed the drill system and improved army discipline. As legate to Quintus Mucius Scaevola, he attempted to protect the inhabitants of Asia from extortion by the equites, which provoked them to raise the accusation of extortion from those provincials. The charge was false, but as the juries were chosen from the equestrian order, he was condemned. He was exiled and went to Smyrna, where he wrote a history of Rome in Greek.

Asia (Roman province)
Asia (Ancient Greek: Ἀσία) was a Roman province covering most of western Asia Minor (Anatolia, Turkey), which was created following the Roman Republic's annexation of the Attalid Kingdom in 133 BC. After the establishment of the Roman Empire by Augustus, it was the most prestigious senatorial province and was governed by a proconsul. That arrangement endured until the province was subdivided in the fourth century AD.

The province was one of the richest of the Empire and was at peace for most of the Imperial period. It contained hundreds of largely self-governing Greek city-states, who competed fiercely with one another for status, through appeals to the Imperial authorities and the cultivation of prestigious cultural institutions such as festival games, religious cults, and oratory.
Baldwin County, Mississippi Territory
Baldwin County, Mississippi Territory was a jurisdiction in the part of Mississippi Territory that was later separated into Alabama Territory and eventually became the U.S. state of Alabama. Baldwin County was organized on December 21, 1809. It was named for Founding Father Abraham Baldwin of Georgia. There are two population censuses of the county, one taken 1810 and one taken 1816. The boundaries of the Mississippi Territory county have no overlap with the boundaries of the current Baldwin County, Alabama, which was first organized in an approximation of its current form in 1820. The Baldwin County of Mississippi Territory was located on land that is now part of Washington, Mobile, and Clarke counties, Alabama.

Alabama Territory
The Territory of Alabama (sometimes Alabama Territory) was an organized incorporated territory of the United States. The Alabama Territory was carved from the Mississippi Territory on August 15, 1817 and lasted until December 14, 1819, when it was admitted to the Union as the twenty-second state.
Andrew Chew
Andrew Chew Guan Khuan DUNU DUBC PJG PPA(E) (11 October 1929 – 29 February 2012) was a Singaporean physician, former head of the Singapore Civil Service (1984–1994) and former chairman of the Public Service Commission (1998–2008).

An Eisenhower Fellow, Chew also served as chairman of Yaohan Singapore, Singapore Biotech Pte Ltd and the Central Provident Fund.

Private limited company
A private limited company is any type of business entity in "private" ownership used in many jurisdictions, in contrast to a publicly listed company, with some differences from country to country. Examples include: the LLC in the United States, private company limited by shares in the United Kingdom, GmbH in Germany and Austria, Besloten vennootschap (BV) in The Netherlands and Belgium, société à responsabilité limitée (SARL) in France, società a responsabilità limitata (S.r.l.) in Italy, and sociedad de responsabilidad limitada (SRL) in the Spanish-speaking world. The benefit of having a private limited company is that there is limited liability.
Radius (film)
Radius is a 2017 Canadian science fiction thriller film directed and written by Caroline Labrèche and Steeve Léonard. It stars Diego Klattenhoff, Charlotte Sullivan, and Brett Donahue. Klattenhoff and Sullivan play two survivors of a car accident who discover that one causes the death of anyone who comes within a certain radius of him, and the other has the ability to nullify this effect.

Charlotte Sullivan
Charlotte Sullivan (born October 21, 1983) is a Canadian actress. Her credits include Harriet the Spy (1996), Goosebumps (1996), The New Ghostwriter Mysteries (1997), How to Deal (2003), Fever Pitch (2005), MVP (2008), The Cry of the Owl (2009), Rookie Blue (2010), The Kennedys (2011), The Colony (2013), Chicago Fire (2016–2017), Mary Kills People (2017–2019), Caught (2018), Wynonna Earp (2021), Law & Order: Organized Crime (2021), and Pretty Hard Cases (2022).
Vicente Alcazar
Vicente Alcazar (born July 8, 1944) is a Spanish comics artist best known for his work for the American comic-book publishers DC Comics and Marvel Comics, including a 1970s run on the DC Western character Jonah Hex.

His name is sometimes mis-credited as "Vincente" Alcazar.

Western comics
Western comics is a comics genre usually depicting the American Old West frontier (usually anywhere west of the Mississippi River) and typically set during the late nineteenth century. The term is generally associated with an American comic books genre published from the late 1940s through the 1950s (though the genre had continuing popularity in Europe, and persists in limited form in American comics today). Western comics of the period typically featured dramatic scripts about cowboys, gunfighters, lawmen, bounty hunters, outlaws, and Native Americans. Accompanying artwork depicted a rural America populated with such iconic images as guns, cowboy hats, vests, horses, saloons, ranches, and deserts, contemporaneous with the setting.
CCSDS 122.0-B-1
CCSDS 122.0 is a CCSDS lossless to lossy image compression standard originally released in November 2005.
The encoder consists of two parts—a discrete wavelet transform transform coder followed by a bitplane encoder on the similar lines as Embedded Zerotree Wavelet by Shapiro.

Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems
The Consultative Committee for Space Data Systems (CCSDS) was founded in 1982 for governmental and quasi-governmental space agencies to discuss and develop standards for space data and information systems. Currently composed of "eleven member agencies, twenty-eight observer agencies, and over 140 industrial associates," the CCSDS works to support collaboration and interoperability between member agencies through the establishment of data and system standards. According to the organisation's website, more than 1000 space missions have utilized data and systems standards created by CCSDS. The activities of the CCSDS are organized around six topic areas and composed of many working groups within the overall Collaborative Working Group Environment (CWE).
Rajesh Kumar (police officer)
Dr. Rajesh Kumar (born 26 January 1966) is an officer of the Indian Police Service (IPS) and a former Commissioner of Police, Kolkata. He is currently the Member-Secretary of the West Bengal Pollution Control Board (WBPCB).

Indian Police Service
The Indian Police Service (IPS) is a civil service under the All India Services. It replaced the Indian Imperial Police in 1948, a year after India became independent from the British Empire.

Along with the Indian Administrative Service (IAS) and the Indian Forest Service (IFS), the IPS is part of the All India Services – its officers are employed by both the Union Government and by individual states governments.

The service provides leadership to various state and central police forces, including the Central Armed Police Forces (BSF, SSB, CRPF, CISF, and ITBP), the National Security Guard (NSG), Narcotics Control Bureau (NCB), National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), Intelligence Bureau (IB), Research and Analysis Wing (R&AW), Special Protection Group (SPG), National Investigation Agency (NIA), and the Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI).
Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh Muslim University is a collegiate, central, and research university located in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920, following the Aligarh Muslim University Act.

The university offers more than 300 courses in traditional and modern branches of education. It is an Institute of National Importance and is listed in the Union List under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India.

Siddons Union Club
Siddons Union Club, commonly referred to as 'The Siddons Union', was established in the year 1884 at Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College, the present day Aligarh Muslim University. The club was named after Henry George Impey Siddons, the first principal of the college.  the Siddons Debating Union Hall, the debating chamber, was constructed which consist of a debating hall, a library and a reading room. The Cambridge Union Society gave birth to debating societies of the prominent universities of the world namely Oxford Union, Yale Political Union. Siddons Union Club hosted a number of National and International Politicians, Writers, Nobel Laureates, Players, and Journalists, including the Dalai Lama, Mahatma Gandhi, Maulana Abul Kalam Azad, Jawahar Lal Nehru.
City Bridge
City Bridge is a crossing of the River Usk, for motor vehicles, cyclists and pedestrians, in the city of Newport, South Wales. It was opened in 2004 as part of the construction/re-generation of the Southern Distributor Road/A48 in Newport.

The bridge is the second most-southerly crossing of the River Usk in Newport, lying north of Newport Transporter Bridge.

Newport Transporter Bridge
The Newport Transporter Bridge (Welsh: Pont Gludo Casnewydd) is a transporter bridge that crosses the River Usk in Newport, South East Wales. The bridge is the lowest crossing on the River Usk. It is a Grade I listed structure.

It is one of fewer than 10 transporter bridges that remain in use worldwide; only a few dozen were ever built. It is the only operational transporter bridge in Britain, following the closure of the Tees Transporter Bridge on safety grounds in 2019.
2025 Esports World Cup – League of Legends
The multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) video game League of Legends had a tournament at the 2025 Esports World Cup in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, from July 16 to 20, 2025. Twelve teams took part in this tournament – three from the LTA (Americas), two each from the LCK (Korea), LCP (Asia-Pacific), LEC (EMEA) and LPL (China), and the defending champions T1. Teams qualified based on their qualification for the 2025 Mid-Season Invitational (MSI) through their placement within their regional leagues, with their seeding in the EWC tournament being determined by their performance at MSI.

It was the second League of Legends tournament at the EWC and the first under a three-year partnership between game developer Riot Games and the Esports World Cup Foundation to bring League of Legends, Valorant, and Teamfight Tactics into the event until 2027. Gen.G of the League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK) won the tournament, defeating AG.AL of the League of Legends Pro League (LPL) 3–2 in the final.

T1 (esports)
T1 (previously known as SK Telecom T1 or SKT T1) is a South Korean esports organization operated by T1 Entertainment & Sports, a joint venture between SK Telecom and Comcast Spectacor. The team that would become SKT T1 was originally founded in 2002 by StarCraft player Lim "BoxeR" Yo-hwan under the name Team Orion, which was later renamed to 4 Union in December 2003. In April 2004, South Korean wireless carrier SK Telecom began sponsoring the team, officially creating the team SK Telecom T1.

T1's League of Legends team has won a record six League of Legends World Championship titles (2013, 2015, 2016, 2023, 2024 and 2025) and ten League of Legends Champions Korea championships, also a record. In addition, they have won two Mid-Season Invitational titles (2016 and 2017), one Esports World Cup title (2024), and one KeSPA Cup (2025).
Should We Get Married?
Should We Get Married? (German: Soll man heiraten?) is a 1925 German silent film directed by Manfred Noa and starring Vilma Bánky, Angelo Ferrari and Max Landa.

The film's art direction was by Hermann Warm.

Vilma Bánky
Vilma Bánky (born Vilma Koncsics; 9 January 1901 – 18 March 1991) was a Hungarian-American silent film actress. Although her acting career began in Budapest, and she later worked in France, Austria, and Germany, Bánky was best known for her roles in the American films The Eagle and The Son of the Sheik with Rudolph Valentino, and for several romantic teamings with Ronald Colman.
The Velvet Hand
The Velvet Hand is a 1918 American drama film directed by Douglas Gerrard and written by F. McGrew Willis. The film stars Fritzi Brunette, William Conklin, Gino Corrado, F. A. Turner, Wedgwood Nowell and Carmen Phillips. The film was released on September 30, 1918, by Bluebird Photoplays, Inc.

Carmen Phillips
Carmen Phillips (born Anna Catherine Phillips; September 15, 1888 – December 14, 1966) was an American actress of the silent era. She appeared in more than 60 films between 1914 and 1926, frequently as a "vamp".
Black Tuesday (film)
Black Tuesday is a 1954 American crime drama film noir directed by Hugo Fregonese and starring Edward G. Robinson, Peter Graves and Jean Parker. The supporting cast features Milburn Stone, Warren Stevens, Jack Kelly and Russell Johnson.

Peter Graves
Peter Graves (born Peter Duesler Aurness; March 18, 1926 – March 14, 2010) was an American actor who portrayed Jim Phelps in the television series Mission: Impossible from 1967 to 1973 and in its revival from 1988 to 1990. His elder brother was actor James Arness. Graves also played airline pilot Captain Clarence Oveur in the 1980 comedy film Airplane! and its 1982 sequel Airplane II: The Sequel.
North Tees Power Station
North Tees Power Station refers to a series of three coal-fired power stations on the River Tees at Billingham in County Durham. Overall, they operated from 1921 until 1983, and the C station, the last on the site, was demolished in 1987. Billingham Biomass Power Station is to be built on their site.

River Tees
The River Tees (/tiːz/), in England, rises on the eastern slope of Cross Fell in the North Pennines and flows eastwards for 85 miles (137 km) to reach the North Sea in the North East of England. The modern-day history of the river has been tied with the industries on Teesside in its lower reaches, where it has provided the means of import and export of goods to and from the North East England. The need for water further downstream also meant that reservoirs were built in the extreme upper reaches, such as Cow Green.
Kabardian grammar
Eastern Circassian grammar (Kabardian: Къэбэрдеибзэ адыгабзэ) is the grammar of standard East Circassian also known as Kabardian, as spoken and written by the Kabardian and Besleney communities primarily in the Kabardino-Balkarian Republic and Karachay-Cherkessian Republic in Russia.

Eastern Circassian is ergative–absolutive, predominantly marks head final and its normal word order is SOV (Subject-Object-Verb). Its nouns are remarkably simple, only marking for 2 numbers and case (which is frequently optional). Its verbal morphology however is the most complex part of the language, being inflected with suffixes and prefixes, making it very agglutinative and polysynthetic. A verb can be marked for several persons (polypersonality), number, tense, mood, causative and with a large array of preverbs. Notions such as "can", "must", and "if", usually expressed as separate words in most European languages, are typically expressed with verbal suffixes in Eastern Circassian.

Grammatical number
In linguistics, grammatical number is a feature of nouns, pronouns, adjectives and verb agreement that expresses count distinctions (such as "one", "two" or "three or more"). English and many other languages present number categories of singular or plural. Some languages also have a dual, trial and paucal number or other arrangements.

The word "number" is also used in linguistics to describe the distinction between certain grammatical aspects that indicate the number of times an event occurs, such as the semelfactive aspect, the iterative aspect, etc. For that use of the term, see "Grammatical aspect".
Dan West (philanthropist)
Dan West (1893–1971) was the founder of the aid program Heifer International, dedicated to relieving hunger and poverty by supplying farmers with livestock.  He was a social activist involved in other programs associated with the Church of the Brethren. He was an advocate for Christian pacifism and a conscientious objector in World War One.

Conscientious objector
A conscientious objector is an "individual who has claimed the right to refuse to perform military service" on the grounds of freedom of conscience or religion. The term has also been extended to objecting to working for the military–industrial complex due to a crisis of conscience. In some countries, conscientious objectors are assigned to an alternative civilian service as a substitute for conscription or military service.

A number of organizations around the world celebrate the principle on May 15 as International Conscientious Objection Day.

On March 8, 1995, the United Nations Commission on Human Rights resolution 1995/83 stated that "persons performing military service should not be excluded from the right to have conscientious objections to military service". This was re-affirmed on April 22, 1998, when resolution 1998/77 recognized that "persons [already] performing military service may develop conscientious objections".