hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Étienne Fourmont
Étienne Fourmont (23 June 1683 – 8 December 1745) was a French Orientalist who served as professor of Arabic at the Collège de France and published grammars on the Arabic, Hebrew, and Chinese languages.

Although Fourmont is remembered as a pioneering sinologist who did careful and influential work on the nature of Chinese characters, his legacy is significantly tarnished by the fact that he earned his early reputation by stealing the work of Arcadius Huang, whom he had helped catalog the royal sinological collection, and that he frequently plagiarized the works of other scholars.

Collège de France
The Collège de France (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; formerly known as the Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial), founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment (grand établissement) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University.

Research and teaching are closely linked at the Collège de France, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".
Mariano Gonzalvo
Mariano Gonzalvo Falcón (22 March 1922 – 7 April 2007), also referred to as Gonzalvo III or – especially as of late – by the Catalan rendition of his given name, Marià Gonzalvo, was a Spanish footballer who spent most of his career at FC Barcelona. Gonzalvo was regarded as one of the most talented midfielders in La Liga during the 1940s and early 1950s. On 7 December 1962 Barcelona played a testimonial game against C.A. Peñarol in his honour. He also played for both Spain and the Catalan XI. His two older brothers were also notable footballers. Juli Gonzalvo, known as Gonzalvo I played for RCD Espanyol while José Gonzalvo, known as Gonzalvo II, also played for CF Barcelona and Spain.

Estanislau Basora
Estanislau Basora Brunet (also Estanislao; 18 November 1926 – 16 March 2012) was a Spanish footballer who played as a winger or striker.

Most of his 15-year career was spent at FC Barcelona for which he appeared in more than 300 official games, surpassing the 100-goal mark and winning 14 major titles.

A Spanish international in the late 1940s/early 1950s, Basora represented the nation at the 1950 World Cup.
LGBTQ culture in Portland, Oregon
LGBTQ culture in Portland, Oregon is an important part of Pacific Northwest culture. Portland ranked fourth in The Advocate's 2026 list of the fifteen safest American cities for LGBTQ+ travel, and in 2025, Lonely Planet featured Portland as one of the top fifty most queer-friendly cities in world in The LGBTQ+ Travel Guide. Of all the large metropolitan areas in the United States, the Portland metropolitan area has the second-highest percent of LGBTQ adults per capita, with the Williams Institute reporting that 6.0% of Portland adults identify as LGBT as of 2021. The majority of the Portland area is located in Multnomah County, which has the highest concentration of lesbian couples of any U.S. county of the same size or larger as of 2024.

Multnomah County, Oregon
Multnomah County /mʌltˈnoʊmə/ ⓘ is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the county's population was 815,428. Multnomah County is part of the Portland metropolitan area. The state's smallest and most populous county, its county seat, Portland, is the state's most populous city.
Bilskirnir
Bilskirnir (Old Norse "lightning-crack") is the hall of the god Thor in Norse mythology. Here he lives with his wife Sif and their children. According to Grímnismál, the hall is the greatest of buildings and contains 540 rooms, located in Asgard, as are all the dwellings of the gods, in the kingdom of Þrúðheimr (or Þrúðvangar according to Gylfaginning and Ynglinga saga).

Þrúðheimr
In Nordic mythology, Þrúðheimr (anglicized Thrúdheim or Thrudheim), which means "home of strength" in Old Norse, is the home of Thor according to the Eddic poem Grímnismál (4). But in Snorri Sturluson's Edda (Gylfaginning, 21, 47; Skáldskaparmál, 17) and Ynglinga saga (5), the name of Thor's residence is Þrúðvangr or Þrúðvangar. Þrúðheimr is nevertheless mentioned in Snorri's Edda, but in its prologue. In this euhemerized story, it is written that Tror, "whom we call Thor", conquered the kingdom of Thrace, "which we call Þrúðheimr".

In Grímnismál (4), it is indicated that Þrúðheimr lies outside of Asgard, but near the world of the gods and elves.
Nala (Ramayana)
In the Hindu epic Ramayana, Nala (Sanskrit: नल, IAST: nala, lit. lotus), is the vanara (monkey), who is credited as the engineer of the Rama Setu, a bridge across the ocean between Rameswaram (Tamil nadu) and Lanka, identified with modern-day Sri Lanka, so forces of the god Rama can pass over to Lanka. The bridge is also known as Nala Setu, the bridge of Nala. Along with Nala, another vanara who is his twin brother called Nila is also credited as the builder of the bridge. Nala is described as the architect of the vanaras. He is described as the son of the architect-god Vishwakarma. Nala is also described to have fought in the battle between Rama and Ravana, the king of Lanka.

Adam's Bridge
Adam's Bridge, also known as Rama's Bridge or Rama Setu, is a chain of natural limestone shoals between Pamban Island, also known as Rameswaram Island, off the southeastern coast of Tamil Nadu, India, and Mannar Island, off the northwestern coast of Sri Lanka. Geological evidence suggests that the bridge was formerly a land connection between India and Sri Lanka.

The feature is 48 km (30 mi) long and separates the Gulf of Mannar (southwest) from the Palk Strait (northeast). Some regions of the bridge are dry, and the sea in the area rarely exceeds 1 metre (3 ft) in depth, making it quite difficult for boats to pass over it.
Requiem (Ockeghem)
Requiem, by Johannes Ockeghem (c. 1410 – 1497), is a polyphonic setting of the Roman Catholic Requiem Mass (the Missa pro defunctis, or Mass for the dead). It is probably the earliest surviving polyphonic setting of any requiem mass. It is unusual in that the movements vary greatly in style, and each uses a paraphrase technique for the original Sarum chant. It has five movements for two to four voices and is one of Ockeghem's best known and most performed works.

Ockeghem's Requiem is often considered incomplete as it lacks a Sanctus, Communion or Agnus Dei. The closing movement, the Offertory, is the most complex. Blank opening sections in the Codex imply that there may have been another movement. The circumstances of its composition are unclear; it may have been composed for the funeral of Charles VII in 1461; an alternative hypothesis is that it was written after the death of Louis XI in 1483.

Sanctus
The Sanctus (Latin: Sanctus, "Holy") is a hymn in Christian liturgy. It may also be called the epinikios hymnos (Greek: ἐπινίκιος ὕμνος, "Hymn of Victory") when referring to the Greek rendition and parts of it are sometimes called "Benedictus". Tersanctus (Latin: "Thrice Holy") is another, rarer name for the Sanctus. The same name is sometimes used for the Trisagion.

In Western Christianity, the Sanctus forms part of the Ordinary and is sung (or said) as the final words of the Preface of the Eucharistic Prayer of remembrance, consecration, and praise. The preface, which alters according to the season, usually concludes with words describing the praise of the worshippers joining with the angels, who are pictured as praising God with the words of the Sanctus. In the Byzantine Rite and general Eastern Orthodox Christianity, the Sanctus is offered as a response by the choir during the Holy Anaphora.
Subah Ka Tara
Subah Ka Tara (The Morning Star) is a 1954 Hindi social romantic film directed by V. Shantaram. The film was produced by Rajkamal Kalamandir and had story and dialogues by Shams Lucknavi. The director of photography was G. Balkrishna. It had music composed by C. Ramchandra and the lyricists were Noor Lakhnavi and Diwan Sharar. The title song "Chamka Chamka Subah Ka Tara" was one of the notable songs from this film. Rajshree appeared in her debut role as a child star. The cast included Pradeep Kumar, Jayshree, Amirbai Karnataki, Rajshree, Shakuntala Paranjpye and Naaz.

Jayshree plays the role of a young widow pursued by a young man (Pradeep Kumar) who falls in love with her, but is unable to marry her due to societal norms and subsequently becomes insane.

V. Shantaram
Shantaram Rajaram Vankudre (18 November 1901 – 30 October 1990), also known as V. Shantaram or Shantaram Bapu, was an Indian film director, producer, screenwriter, actor and editor known for his work in Hindi and Marathi films.  He is best known for films such as Dr. Kotnis Ki Amar Kahani (1946), Amar Bhoopali (1951), Jhanak Jhanak Payal Baaje (1955), Do Aankhen Barah Haath (1957), Navrang (1959), Duniya Na Mane (1937), Pinjara (1972), Chani, Iye Marathiche Nagari and Zunj.
Maria Sjöberg
Maria Sjöberg (born 1960) is a Swedish historian. Sjöberg is one of the founding editors of the Svenskt kvinnobiografiskt lexikon, an online biographical dictionary of Swedish women first published in 2018. Sjöberg is a professor at the Department of Historical Studies of the University of Gothenburg, focusing on the history of gender in the early modern period.

University of Gothenburg
The University of Gothenburg (Swedish: Göteborgs universitet) is a public university in Gothenburg, Sweden. Founded in 1891, the university is the third-oldest of the current Swedish universities and, with 53,624 students and 6,707 staff members, it is one of the largest universities in the Nordic countries.
Crown of Princess Blanche
The Crown of Princess Blanche, also called the Palatine Crown or Bohemian Crown, is  the oldest surviving royal crown known to have been in England, and probably dates to 1370–80.

It is made of gold with diamonds, balas rubies, emeralds, sapphires, enamel and pearls. Its height and diameter are both 18 centimetres (7.1 in). The crown has been a property of the House of Wittelsbach since 1402, when it came with Princess Blanche of England, daughter of King Henry IV of England, on her marriage to Louis III, Elector Palatine.

After the junior Bavarian branch of the house became extinct in the male line in 1777, the senior Palatine branch replaced the former as the country's rulers. Today, the crown is displayed in the treasury of the Munich Residenz, where it has been kept since 1782. It has been described as "one of the finest achievements of the Gothic goldsmith".

Spinel
Spinel (/spɪˈnɛl, ˈspɪnəl/) is the magnesium/aluminium member of the larger spinel group of minerals. It has the formula MgAl2O4 in the cubic crystal system. Its name comes from the Latin word spinella, a diminutive form of spine, in reference to its pointed crystals.
My Uncle Zhou Enlai
My Uncle Zhou Enlai (Chinese: 海棠依旧) is a 2016 Chinese historical biographical television series directed by Chen Li and written by Zhang Fachun, starring Sun Weimin as the Chinese premier Zhou Enlai. The series also features Huang Wei, Tang Guoqiang, Ma Xiaowei, Lu Qi, Wang Wufu, Yang Buting and Zhao Liqiang. The script was loosely based on Zhou Enlai's niece Zhou Bingde's biography of the same name, and covers Zhou's life from the establishment of the Communist State to his death in 1976, focusing on his efforts to make the new China strong. The series was aired on CCTV-1 on July 4, 2016.

Tang Guoqiang
Tang Guoqiang (Chinese: 唐国强, born 4 May 1952) is a Chinese actor, best known for portraying historical figures. Some of his more notable roles include: various Chinese emperors (e.g. Emperor Taizong of Tang, Yongle Emperor, Yongzheng Emperor), Zhuge Liang, Yan Zhenqing and Mao Zedong. Tang started his acting career when he first joined a performance troupe in 1970 after graduating from middle school. He made his film debut in 1975 as the male lead in Storm over the South China Sea.
2011 Nigerian Senate elections in Sokoto State
The 2011 Nigerian Senate election in Sokoto State was held on April 9, 2011, to elect members of the Nigerian Senate to represent Sokoto State. Abdullahi Ibrahim Gobir representing Sokoto East, Ahmed Muhammad Maccido representing Sokoto North and Umaru Dahiru representing Sokoto South all won on the platform of Peoples Democratic Party.

Ahmed Muhammad Maccido
Ahmed Muhammad Maccido (born 1 April 1964) was elected Senator for the Sokoto North constituency of Sokoto State, Nigeria, taking office on 29 May 2007. He is a member of the People's Democratic Party (PDP).

Maccido is the son of the late Sultan Muhammadu Maccido. Prior to being elected to the Senate, Maccido was Commissioner for Agriculture in Sokoto State.
After taking his seat in the Senate, he was appointed to committees on Navy, Marine Transport, Inter-Parliamentary Affairs, Housing, Federal Character & Inter-Government Affairs and Banking, Insurance & Other Financial Institutions.
Later he was appointed vice-chairman of the Senate Committee on Appropriation.
In a mid-term evaluation of Senators in May 2009, ThisDay said he had not sponsored any bill in the last year and had contributed little to plenary debates.

Maccido ran for reelection as Senator for Sokoto North in the 26 April 2011 election. He won with 154,932 votes, ahead of 18 other  candidates.
Cotton Belt 819
Cotton Belt 819 is a L-1 class 4-8-4 "Northern" type steam locomotive and is also the official state locomotive of Arkansas. It was completed in December 1942 and was the last engine built by the St. Louis Southwestern Railway, which was affectionately known as "The Cotton Belt Route" or simply "Cotton Belt". It was also the last locomotive built in Arkansas. It was restored to operating condition in April 1986 and operated in excursion service until October 1993. As of 2026, the locomotive is now located at the Arkansas Railroad Museum, currently being cosmetically restored.

Cotton Belt Class L-1
The Cotton Belt Class L-1 was a class of 20 4-8-4 "Northern" type steam locomotives that were built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works and the St. Louis Southwestern Railway (Cotton Belt) at their own Pine Bluff, Arkansas Shops.
Ingrid Wendl
Ingrid Turković-Wendl (born Ingrid Wendl on 17 May 1940 in Vienna) is an Austrian retired figure skater, television announcer, and political figure. She has been an Austrian People's Party delegate to the National Council of Austria since 2002.

Turković-Wendl is a two-time European champion (1956, 1958), the 1956 Olympic bronze medalist in ladies' figure skating, and one of the youngest figure skating Olympic medalists. Among her contemporaries were fellow Austrians Hanna Eigel and Hanna Walter. Wendl later became a professional skater and performed in the Viennese Ice Revue (Vienna Ice Revue) and Ice Capades. She retired from the sport in 1971.

In 1972 she began working for ORF, the national Austrian public service broadcaster. She retired from broadcasting in 2000. Turković-Wendl was elected to the National Council of Austria in November 2002.

She is married to bassoonist Milan Turković.

Hanna Walter
Hanna "Hannerl" Walter (born 24 November 1939) is an Austrian figure skater. She is the 1959 European champion and World silver medalist. She represented Austria at the 1956 Winter Olympics, where she placed 7th.
Reinhard Schlichting
Reinhart Frederick George Schlichting (May 23, 1835 – July 6, 1897) was a German American immigrant, businessman, and Democratic politician.  He served two years in the Wisconsin State Senate representing Calumet County and southern Outagamie County.  During the American Civil War, he served as a Union Army officer.

Calumet County, Wisconsin
Calumet County is a county located in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 52,442. The county seat is Chilton. The county was created in 1836 (then in the Wisconsin Territory) and organized in 1850.

Calumet County is included in the Appleton, WI Metropolitan Statistical Area as well as the Appleton-Oshkosh-Neenah, WI Combined Statistical Area.

The Holyland is partially located in southern Calumet County.
Harelaw
Harelaw is a village in County Durham, in England. It is situated on the B6168 road to the north of Annfield Plain and Catchgate, south of Flint Hill and east of Dipton.

Carrmyers Pond and Carrmyers Burn form the boundary between Catchgate and Harelaw.   St. Thomas's Church sits next to Carrmyers Burn on the B6168 road passing through Harelaw towards Catchgate.

Harelaw Special School was situated on the opposite side of the B6168 to St. Thomas's Church until 2013.   This relocated to nearby Greencroft to become Croft Community School when Greencroft Business and Enterprise Community School merged with Stanley School of Technology and moved to Stanley to become North Durham Academy.   Croft Community School took over the vacated site.

A small village shop existed in the centre of Harelaw until the late 1980s, before being converted into a house. A small industrial estate is situated on Harelaw's northern edge on the road to Flint Hill.

Annfield Plain
Annfield Plain is a village in County Durham, in England. It is situated on a plateau between the towns of Stanley, 3 mi (4.8 km) to the north-east, and Consett, 5 mi (8.0 km) to the west. According to the 2001 census, Annfield Plain had a population of 3,569. By the time of the 2011 Census Annfield Plain had become a ward of Stanley parish. The ward had a population of 7,774.  Along with much of the surrounding area, Annfield Plain's history was coal mining.

Much of the surrounding landscape is rough moorland, dominated by the nearby Pontop Pike television mast. Not far from semi-rural Derwentside, however, is the Tyneside–Wearside conurbation, with Newcastle 12 mi (19 km) away, and Sunderland a similar distance. The cathedral city of Durham is 10 mi (16 km) away and offers quite a contrast to the former pit villages in the area of Annfield Plain.
Aq Qoyunlu campaign (1438)
The Aq Qoyunlu campaign (1438) was a military expedition launched by the Mamluk Sultanate into eastern Anatolia in support of the exiled Aq Qoyunlu prince Jahangir Mirza. The campaign occurred during a period of internal civil conflict among the Aq Qoyunlu following the deposition of Ali Beg by his son Hamza Bey Bayandur. Mamluk forces, led by commanders such as Atabek Tagrıbirmiş, captured key cities including Çemişgezek, Arapkir, and Erzincan, briefly expanding Mamluk influence in the region. The campaign ended with a negotiated peace, after which many Aq Qoyunlu governors submitted to Sultan Barsbay.

Barsbay
Al-Ashraf Sayf ad-Dīn Barsbāy (Arabic: الأشرف سيف الدين برسباي) was the ninth Burji Mamluk sultan of Egypt from AD 1422 to 1438. He was Circassian by birth and a former slave of the first Burji Sultan, Barquq.
Andy Richards
Andrew John Richards (born 26 October 1952) is an English pianist, composer, music producer and keyboardist.

Richards has played with artists including Frankie Goes to Hollywood, George Michael, Propaganda, Grace Jones, Rush, Annie Lennox, Gary Moore, Pet Shop Boys, Godley & Creme, Dusty Springfield, Petula Clark, Strawbs, OMD, Malcolm McLaren, Nik Kershaw, T'Pau, Maddy Prior and Denny Laine. Richards has performed and programmed keyboards on eight UK No. 1 singles, namely: "Relax" (1984) and "Two Tribes" (1984) by Frankie Goes to Hollywood, "Careless Whisper" (1984) by George Michael, "The Lady in Red" (1986) by Chris de Burgh, "It's a Sin" (1987), "Always on My Mind" (1987) and "Heart" (1988) by Pet Shop Boys, and "Spaceman" (1996) by Babylon Zoo.

Richards worked on films including Bridget Jones's Diary (2001), Touching the Void (2003), The Last King of Scotland (2006), Slumdog Millionaire (2009), which gained two Academy Awards for the music, and 127 Hours (2010).

T'Pau (band)
T'Pau /təˈpaʊ/ are  an English pop group formed in Shrewsbury, Shropshire, led by singer Carol Decker. They had a string of top 40 hits in the UK during the late 1980s and early 1990s, most notably "China in Your Hand", "Heart and Soul" and "Valentine", and several hits in the rest of Europe, before disbanding in 1992. Decker still performs under the name T'Pau at solo shows and 1980s nostalgia concerts, and in 2013 she reunited with original band member and co-songwriter Ronnie Rogers for a 25th-anniversary UK tour.
Zasyadko coal mine
Zasyadko Mine (Ukrainian: Шахта ім. Засядька, Russian: Шахта им. А. Ф. Засядько) is a coal mining company in Ukraine's eastern city of Donetsk. Following the start of the War in Donbas in 2014 the mine became situated in territory controlled by the Donetsk People's Republic.

The manager and alleged owner of the company is Yukhym Zvyahilsky, influential businessman and politician within the Party of Regions. Along with its economic, technological and political importance, the company, namely its coal mine, is infamous for being the site of repeated mining accidents with numerous fatalities. The deadliest disaster, the worst in Ukraine’s history, happened on November 18, 2007, killing 101 miners.

Party of Regions
The Party of Regions (Ukrainian: Партія регіонів, romanized: Partiia rehioniv, pronounced [ˈpɑrt⁽ʲ⁾ijɐ reɦiˈɔn⁽ʲ⁾iu̯]; Russian: Партия регионов, romanized: Partiya regionov) was a pro-Russian political party in Ukraine formed in late 1997 that used to be the largest party in Ukraine between 2006 and 2014.

Since the Revolution of Dignity, the party has not competed in elections and members have slowly dispersed; the last election in which the party participated was the 2012 Ukrainian parliamentary election. The best-known former party members are former prime minister Mykola Azarov and former president of Ukraine Viktor Yanukovych; both fled to Russia in February 2014 after Euromaidan.

The Ukrainian Eighth Administrative Court of Appeal banned the party on 21 February 2023.
Shelley Meals
Shelley Meals is an American television writer and producer. She is currently an executive producer on It: Welcome to Derry and NCIS: Tony & Ziva.  She has also worked on Shadow & Bone, See, Sweet Magnolias, Chicago Med, Stitchers, Witches of East End, King & Maxwell, Rizzoli & Isles, Wild Card, Strong Medicine, Time of Your Life, Push, Dawson's Creek, Fame L.A., Dangerous Minds, and New York Undercover.

Strong Medicine
Strong Medicine is an American medical drama with a focus on feminist politics, health issues and class conflict that aired on Lifetime from July 23, 2000, to February 5, 2006. It was created and produced in part by Whoopi Goldberg, who made cameos on the series, and by Tammy Ader. It starred Rosa Blasi, Janine Turner, and Patricia Richardson. It was the highest-rated original drama on basic cable in 2001.
Davina Ingrams, 18th Baroness Darcy de Knayth
Davina Marcia Herbert Ingrams, 18th Baroness Darcy de Knayth, DBE (10 July 1938 – 24 February 2008) was a crossbench member of the House of Lords, continuing to sit after the passing of the House of Lords Act 1999 as an elected peer.

House of Lords Act 1999
The House of Lords Act 1999 (c. 34) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom which reformed the House of Lords, one of the chambers of Parliament. The act was given royal assent on 11 November 1999. For centuries, the House of Lords had included several hundred members who inherited their seats (hereditary peers); the act removed such a right. However, as part of a compromise, the act allowed ninety-two hereditary peers to remain in the House. Another ten were created life peers to enable them to remain in the House.

The act decreased the membership of the House from 1,330 in October 1999 to 669 in March 2000. As another result of the act, the majority of the Lords were thence life peers, whose numbers had been gradually increasing since the Life Peerages Act 1958. As of June 2023, there were 848 members of the House of Lords, of whom 24 were senior Church of England bishops, whose representation in the House is governed by the Lords Spiritual (Women) Act 2015.