hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Villa Vigoni
Villa Vigoni refers to both a historical property and a non-profit organization in Loveno, a section of Menaggio on Lake Como, Italy. The property, sometimes referred to as Villa Mylius Vigoni, was remodeled in its current form in 1830. The non-profit, also known as the German-Italian Centre for European Dialogue (German: Deutsch-Italienisches Zentrum für den Europäischen Dialog, Italian: Centro italo-tedesco per il dialogo europeo) was established in 1986; it uses the Villa Vigoni property and the nearby Villa Garovaglio Ricci, also referred to simply as Villa Garovaglio.

Menaggio
Menaggio (Comasco: Menas [meˈnaːs]) is a town and comune in the province of Como, Lombardy, northern Italy, located on the western shore of Lake Como at the mouth of the river Senagra.

Menaggio has three frazioni (parishes): Croce, Loveno and Nobiallo.
U.S. Route 77 in Kansas
U.S. Route 77 (US-77) is a part of the U.S. Highway System that runs from the Veteran's International Bridge in Brownsville, Texas north to Interstate 29 (I-29) in Sioux City, Iowa. In the U.S. state of Kansas, US-77 is a main north–south highway that runs from the Oklahoma border north to the Nebraska border.

Veterans International Bridge at Los Tomates
The Veterans International Bridge at Los Tomates is one of three international bridges that span the Mexico–United States border between the cities of Brownsville, Texas, and Matamoros, Tamaulipas. It is also known as simply as the Veterans Bridge, the Expressway 77/83 Bridge, the Brownsville Expressway Bridge, and on the Mexico side as the Puente Internacional General Ignacio Zaragoza. The bridge is owned and operated by Cameron County. The bridge commenced operation on April 30, 1999.

The bridge unites the Matamoros–Brownsville Metropolitan Area, which has a population of 1,136,995, making it the 4th largest metropolitan area on the Mexico-U.S. border.
Dog River (Manitoba)
The Dog River is a river in Census division 23 in Northern Manitoba, Canada. It is in the Hudson Bay drainage basin and is a right tributary of the Churchill River.

The Dog River begins at an unnamed lake and flows east, then turns north, heading roughly parallel to the Deer River, which it takes in as a right tributary, and reaches its mouth at the Churchill River, 45 kilometres (28 mi) upstream of that river's own mouth at Hudson Bay.

Hudson Bay drainage basin
The Hudson Bay drainage basin is the drainage basin in northern North America where surface water empties into the Hudson Bay and adjoining waters. Spanning an area of about 3,861,400 square kilometres (1,490,900 sq mi) and with a mean discharge of about 30,900 m3/s (1,090,000 cu ft/s), the basin is almost entirely within Canada. It encompasses parts of the Canadian Prairies, Central Canada, and Northern Canada. A small area of the basin is in the northern part of the Midwestern United States.

The Hudson Bay drainage basin coincides almost completely with the former territory of Rupert's Land, claimed by the Hudson's Bay Company in the 17th century. It was an ideal area for the early North American fur trade.
Thomas Dunbar, 5th Earl of Moray
Thomas Dunbar, 2nd Earl of Moray inherited the title before 15 February 1392. In 1388 he displaced Alexander Stewart, Earl of Buchan as the provider of protection to Alexander Bur, Bishop of Moray and his church lands—following Buchan's burning of Elgin Cathedral in 1390 this agreement was dissolved. He replaced Buchan as sheriff of Inverness in 1390.  In 1394, Moray was pressured into paying protection money to Alexander, lord of Lochaber and into granting him lands. Moray was an adherent of Robert Stewart, Duke of Albany and was appointed to the special council that was set up to supervise Robert III's son, David Stewart, Duke of Rothesay, when he was appointed lieutenant of Scotland in 1399. On 14 September 1402, a Scots army has defeated at the battle of Homildon Hill where Moray was taken prisoner—he did not receive his freedom until July 1405. He died before August 1422 and was succeeded by his son Thomas before 9 August 1422.

Earl of Moray
The title Earl of Moray, or Mormaer of Moray (pronounced "Murry"), was originally held by the rulers of the Province of Moray, which existed from the 10th century with varying degrees of independence from the Kingdom of Alba to the south. Until 1130 the status of Moray's rulers was ambiguous and they were described in some sources as "mormaers" (the Gaelic term for "Earl"), in others as "Kings of Moray", and in others as "Kings of Alba". The position was suppressed by David I of Scotland some time after his defeat of Óengus of Moray at the Battle of Stracathro in 1130, but was recreated as a feudal earldom by Robert the Bruce and granted to Thomas Randolph, 1st Earl of Moray in 1312.

The title has subsequently been created several times in the Peerage of Scotland. It has been held by Clan Stewart since the 16th century, when James Stewart, illegitimate son of James V, was granted the title.
Austrian Literature Online
Austrian Literature Online (ALO) is an Austrian digitization project by the University Library of Innsbruck, the University Library of Graz and the University of Linz.

ALO is, together with Project ANNO, by the Austrian National Library, the largest Austrian project of its type. In August 2004, the 4,000th title was digitized. The majority of items are digital facsimiles.

The focus is on Austrian literature and women's literature, but numerous digital copies of documents from other areas (such as old documents in Tirolensia Latina) have also been made available online.

ALO has been conceived as a participatory project that, for comparatively low prices, offers digitization and permanent access to works in the public domain and also, where rights are available, to copyright-protected materials.

Johannes Kepler University Linz
The Johannes Kepler University Linz (German: Johannes Kepler Universität Linz, short: JKU) is a public university in Austria. It is located in Linz, the capital of Upper Austria. It offers bachelor's, master's, diploma and doctoral degrees in business, engineering, law, science, social sciences and medicine.

Today, about 24,000 students study at the park campus in the northeast of Linz, with one out of nine students being from abroad. The university was the first in Austria to introduce an electronic student ID in 1998.

The university is the home of the Johann Radon Institute for Computational and Applied Mathematics (RICAM) of the Austrian Academy of Sciences.
Rosalind Howard, Countess of Carlisle
Rosalind Frances Howard, Countess of Carlisle (née Stanley; 20 February 1845 – 12 August 1921), known as the Radical Countess, was an English aristocrat and activist for women's political rights and temperance movement. She was a member of the Stanley and Howard families.

Stanley family
The Stanley family (or Audley-Stanley family) is an English family with many notable members, including the Earls of Derby and the Barons Audley who descended from the early holders of Audley and Stanley, Staffordshire. The two branches of the Audley family were made Barons Audley but both ended in the male line in the 14th century, after which their considerable estates were passed to a number of female heiresses, while the Stanleys would be elevated in the 15th century first to Barons Stanley and then Earls of Derby, a title they continue to hold.

The use of "Stanley" as a first name began with political followers of the family.
Bed burial
A bed burial is a type of burial in which the deceased person is buried in the ground, lying upon a bed.  It is a burial custom that is particularly associated with high-status women during the early Anglo-Saxon period (7th century), although excavated examples of bed burials are comparatively rare.

Howard Williams (archaeologist)
Howard M. R. Williams FSA (born 1972) is a British archaeologist and academic who is Professor of Archaeology at the University of Chester in England. His research focuses on the study of death, burial and memory in Early Medieval Britain.
Kusala Rajendran
Kusala Rajendran is an Indian seismologist and currently a professor at the Centre for Earth Sciences, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India. She prefers to call herself an earth scientist. She has primarily worked on earthquakes and their source mechanisms. She has worked extensively on earthquake patterns in India and is considered to be one of the pioneers in this field.

IIT Roorkee
The Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee (IIT Roorkee or IITR) is a technical university located in Roorkee, Uttarakhand, India. It is the oldest engineering institution in India. It was founded as the College of Civil Engineering in 1847 during East India Company rule in India by James Thomason,  the Lieutenant-Governor of the North-Western Provinces in which Roorkee was located; its purpose was to train officers and surveyors employed in the construction of the Ganges Canal. In 1854, after the completion of the canal and Thomason's death, it was renamed the Thomason College of Civil Engineering by Proby Cautley, the designer and projector of the canal.  It was renamed University of Roorkee in 1949, and again renamed IIT Roorkee in 2001.  The institution has 22 academic departments covering Engineering, Applied Sciences, Humanities & Social Sciences and Management programs with an emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.
Mark Fisher (politician)
Mark Nigel Thomas Vaughan Fisher (29 October 1944 – 16 November 2025) was a British Labour Party politician. He was the Member of Parliament (MP) for Stoke-on-Trent Central from 1983 to 2010 and Minister for the Arts between 1997 and 1998.

Department for Culture, Media and Sport
The Department for Culture, Media and Sport (DCMS) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It holds the responsibility for culture and sport, and some aspects of the media throughout the UK, such as broadcasting. Its main offices are at 100 Parliament Street, occupying part of the building known as Government Offices Great George Street.

It also has responsibility for the tourism, leisure and creative industries (some jointly with the Department for Business and Trade). The department was also responsible for the delivery of the 2012 Olympic Games and Paralympic Games.

From 2017 to 2023, the department had responsibility for the building of a digital economy and was known as the Department for Digital, Culture, Media and Sport. The responsibilities for digital policy were transferred to the newly created Department for Science, Innovation and Technology in the February 2023 cabinet reshuffle.
1963–64 Stoke City F.C. season
The 1963–64 season was Stoke City's 57th season in the Football League and the 33rd in the First Division.

With the club now on a high after gaining promotion back to England's top tier, Tony Waddington wasted no time in bringing in new signings to make sure relegation was avoided. He broke the transfer record and despite some concern during the season Stoke stayed up comfortably in 17th position. Stoke enjoyed success in the League Cup reaching the final against Leicester City before losing 4–3 over two legs.

1964 Football League Cup final
The 1964 Football League Cup final, the fourth to be staged since the competition's inception, was contested between  Stoke City and Leicester City, both of the First Division, over two legs. Leicester City won 4–3 on aggregate.
Antonio Gramsci: The Days of Prison
Antonio Gramsci: i giorni del carcere (internationally released as Antonio Gramsci: The Days of Prison) is a 1977 Italian drama film directed by Lino Del Fra. It was awarded with the Golden Leopard at the Locarno International Film Festival.

Golden Leopard
The Golden Leopard (Italian: Pardo d'oro) is the top prize at the Locarno Film Festival, an international film festival held annually in Locarno, Switzerland since 1946. Directors in the process of getting an international reputation are allowed to be entered in the competitive selection. The winning films are chosen by a jury. The award went under many names until it was named the Golden Leopard in 1968. The festival was not held in 1951 and the prize was not awarded in 1956 and 1982. As of 2024 René Clair is the only director to have won the award twice, winning in the first two years of the festival.
A Darkness More Than Night
A Darkness More Than Night is the tenth novel by American crime author Michael Connelly; it is the seventh featuring the Los Angeles detective Hieronymus "Harry" Bosch, and the second featuring FBI profiler Terry McCaleb, with reporter Jack McEvoy (The Poet) also serving in a supporting role.

The novel (along with The Black Echo) formed the basis for the 2017 third season of Bosch, starring Titus Welliver as Bosch.

Harry Bosch
Detective Hieronymus "Harry" Bosch is a fictional character created by American author Michael Connelly. Bosch debuted as the lead character in the 1992 novel The Black Echo, the first in a best-selling police procedural series now numbering 24 novels.

The novels are more or less coincident in timeframe with the year in which they were published. Harry, as he is commonly known by his associates, is a veteran police homicide detective with the Los Angeles Police Department. He was named after the 15th-century Dutch artist Hieronymus Bosch.

Titus Welliver portrayed the title character from 2015 to 2021 in Bosch, a television series adapted from the novels, as well as the spin-off series Bosch: Legacy and Ballard. Cameron Monaghan will play the character in the prequel series Bosch: Start of Watch.
NGC 1970
NGC 1970 (also known as ESO 56-SC127) is a bright open cluster and emission nebula in the Dorado constellation in the Large Magellanic Cloud. It was discovered by John Herschel on January 31, 1835. Its apparent size is 8.0. It is commonly known as the Tulip Nebula.

Emission nebula
An emission nebula is a nebula formed of ionized gases that emit light of various wavelengths. The most common source of ionization is high-energy ultraviolet photons emitted from a nearby hot star. Among the several different types of emission nebulae are H II regions, in which star formation is taking place and young, massive stars are the source of the ionizing photons; and planetary nebulae, in which a dying star has thrown off its outer layers, with the exposed hot core then ionizing them.
Painted Desert (South Australia)
The Painted Desert is in the Far North of South Australia. It is 120 kilometres (75 mi) north-east of Coober Pedy, in the Arckaringa Station pastoral lease, not far from the homestead. It is notable for its distinctive mesas, mountains, and geological formations. Not far from here on the way to Oodnadatta, there are large areas of ground covered with mica. The entire region is desolate and made up of soft, fragile rock.

Coober Pedy
Coober Pedy (/ˈkuːbər ˈpiːdi/) is a town in northern South Australia, 846 km (526 mi) north of Adelaide on the Stuart Highway.  The town is sometimes referred to as the "opal capital of the world" because of the quantity of precious opals mined there. A blower truck is raised above the town sign, representing the importance of opal mining to the town's history. Coober Pedy is also renowned for its below-ground dwellings, called "dugouts", which are built in this fashion due to the scorching daytime heat.

The name "Coober Pedy" is thought to derive from the Kokatha-Barngarla term kupa-piti, which translates to "whitefellas' hole", but in 1975 the local Aboriginal people of the town adopted the name Umoona, which means "long life" and is also their name for the mulga tree.
Dr. Maurice Curé State College
The Dr Maurice Curé State College is a national secondary school in Mauritius, located in Vacoas. It is known for its annual high-rate achievement in the O-level and A-level Cambridge examinations certificate. It is recognised as one of the best secondary schools due to these exceptional annual results. Many students of the institution have been classed at national and international level in various different subjects.

The college is named after Maurice Curé.

Vacoas-Phoenix
Vacoas-Phoenix (Mauritian Creole pronunciation: [vakwa feniks] ⓘ) also known as French: Villes Jumelles (Twin Cities), is a town in Mauritius, located in the Plaines Wilhems District, the eastern part also lies in the Moka District. The town is administered by the Municipal Council of Vacoas-Phoenix. The town lies between Quatre Bornes and Curepipe.
Batjac Productions
Batjac Productions is an independent film production company co-founded by John Wayne as a vehicle for Wayne to both produce and star in movies. It was originally known as Wayne-Fellows Productions when it started in 1952. The company's first production was Big Jim McLain released by Warner Bros. in 1952, and its final film was McQ, in 1974, also distributed by Warner Bros. After John Wayne's death in 1979, his son Michael Wayne owned and managed the company until his own death in 2003, when his wife Gretchen assumed ownership.

Big Jim McLain
Big Jim McLain is a 1952 American film noir political thriller film directed by Edward Ludwig and starring John Wayne and James Arness as HUAC investigators hunting communists in world of organized labor in postwar Hawaii.
Dreta de l'Eixample
Dreta de l'Eixample (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈdɾɛtə ðə ləˈʃamplə]) is a neighborhood in the Eixample district of Barcelona, Catalonia (Spain). It is located to the east (visualised as dreta or "right") of Carrer de Balmes. The neighborhood includes Plaça de Catalunya, the city center, as well as the upscale streets Rambla de Catalunya and Passeig de Gràcia. Known as the bourgeois area of the city, it is home to a majority of Barcelona upper class. Dreta de L'Eixample is one of the most luxurious neighborhoods in Barcelona.

Rambla de Catalunya
Rambla de Catalunya (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈramblə ðə kətəˈluɲə]; Spanish: Rambla de Cataluña) is a major street in the Eixample district of central Barcelona, Spain. It is one of the city's trendiest streets, with many international fashion shops, and is lined with  lime trees.

The street stretches from Plaça de Catalunya to Avinguda Diagonal, a distance of some 1.3 kilometres (0.81 mi). It runs parallel to, and between, the Passeig de Gràcia and Carrer de Balmes. It can be seen as an extension into the Eixample of the famous La Rambla.
Christian Congregation in Ireland
The Christian Congregation in Ireland is a non-sectarian, non-denominational fellowship of assemblies with roots in the Italian Pentecostal revival in Chicago, United States of America, which began in 1907, as part of the larger Christian Congregation (Pentecostal).

Doctrinally holds the Bible as fount of faith and guidance for life; believes Jesus Christ as the only Savior whose atonement work dispenses the saving Grace; practices the adult water baptism and holy supper.

Currently, the church in Ireland has 5 houses of worship and approximately three hundred and ninety members. This fellowship of churches under the present name besides having affiliated churches in about fifty countries, with approximately 3 million members, 2.5 million being in Brazil.

Christian Congregation in Brazil
The Christian Congregation in Brazil (Portuguese: Congregação Cristã no Brasil) was founded in Brazil by the Italian-American missionary Luigi Francescon (1866–1964), as part of the larger Christian Congregation movement.
Maulaheri Jats
Maulaheri Jats is a family of Jats (Panwar gotra) that derives its name from the village of Maulaheri, situated on the banks of the Hindon River, in the district of Muzaffarnagar in western Uttar Pradesh. The Maulaheri Jats were the most prominent family of Jat landlords in western Uttar Pradesh. To quote The Imperial Gazetteer of India 1901- Gazetteer of Muzaffarnagar, "The chief Jat landholder in the district is Chaudhri Ghasiram, the son of Chaudhri Jawahir Singh of Maulaheri in tahsil Muzaffarnagar. He is the head of the great family of Maulaheri Jats, and owns twelve villages, paying a revenue of Rs. 9736. Of these six lie in Baghra, three in Muzaffarnagar, two in Khatauli and one in Bhuma Sambalhera."

Muzaffarnagar district
Muzaffarnagar district (Hindi pronunciation: [mʊzəfːəɾ.nəgəɾ], also [mʊd͡ʒəp.pʰəɾ.nəgəɾ]) is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India.  It is part of Saharanpur division. The city of Muzaffarnagar is the district headquarters. This district is the part of National Capital Region. Muzaffarnagar district is located north western Uttar Pradesh.
Rogue Company
Rogue Company is a free-to-play multiplayer tactical third-person hero shooter video game developed by First Watch Games and published by Hi-Rez Studios. The game was released in open beta on October 1, 2020 for Microsoft Windows via the Epic Games Store, Steam, Xbox One, PlayStation 4, Nintendo Switch, with an Xbox Series X/S release following on November 25, 2020, and a PlayStation 5 release on March 30, 2021. The game features full support for cross-platform play and cross-progression. The game takes inspiration from the Counter-Strike series of tactical shooters. The game came out of beta on June 9, 2022.

The Nintendo Switch version of the game shut down on June 20, 2023.

Hero shooter
A hero shooter is a subgenre of shooter games which emphasize "hero" characters that have distinctive abilities and/or weapons that are specific to them. This type of gameplay encourages players to choose heroes based on their strengths and the role they play in the team's overall strategy. A hero shooter can be a first-person shooter or a third-person shooter. The genre has become popular for its focus on teamwork and character variety.
Saharghat, Madhubani
Saharghat is a semi urban panchayat in Madhwapur block of Madhubani district in Mithila region of Bihar, India. It is connected by National Highway 104 and State Highway 75 with different parts of the major cities in the state of Bihar, India and Madhesh Pradesh province of Nepal. The village comes under Harlakhi Assembly constituency and Madhubani Lok Sabha constituency.

Dhouns River
The Dhouns (Maithili: धौंस) is a river that flows on the plains of the Mithila region of Nepal and India. It is the part of Adhwara group of rivers flowing from Nepal to the western part of the Madhwapur block area in the Madhubani district of Bihar in India.
KOKU
KOKU (100.3 FM) – branded as Hit Radio 100 – is a commercial contemporary hit radio (CHR) radio station licensed to Hagåtña, Guam. The station is currently owned by Moy Communications, Inc. It signed on the air on June 1, 1984.

It is currently one of three CHR/Top 40 outlets on Guam, and one of two CHR outlets in the Guam market, competing against KNUT.

Hagåtña, Guam
Hagåtña, formerly Agana or Agaña, is a coastal village and the capital of the United States territory of Guam. From the 18th through mid-20th century, it was Guam's population center, but today, it is the second smallest of the island's 19 villages in both area and population. However, it remains one of the island's major commercial districts in addition to being the seat of government.