hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philip S. Crooke
Philip Schuyler Crooke (March 2, 1810 – March 17, 1881) was a United States representative from New York.

Born in Poughkeepsie, he graduated from Dutchess Academy, studied law, was admitted to the bar in 1831, and commenced practice in Brooklyn. He moved to Flatbush in 1838 and was a member of the Board of Supervisors of Kings County from 1844 to 1852, and from 1858 to 1870, and chairman of the board in 1861, 1862, 1864 and 1865. He was a presidential elector in 1852, voting for Franklin Pierce and William R. King; and was a Republican Union member of the New York State Assembly (Kings Co., 1st D.) in 1864.

William R. King
William Rufus DeVane King (April 7, 1786 – April 18, 1853) was an American politician and diplomat. He was the 13th vice president of the United States from March 4 until his death in April 1853. King had previously served as a U.S. representative from North Carolina and a senator from Alabama. He also served as minister to France under President James K. Polk.

A Democrat, King was a Unionist and his contemporaries considered him to be a moderate on the issues of sectionalism, slavery, and westward expansion, which contributed to the American Civil War. He helped draft the Compromise of 1850. King is the only United States vice president to take the oath of office on foreign soil, and was inaugurated in Cuba, due to his poor health. He died of tuberculosis 45 days later, becoming the third vice president to die in office. Only John Tyler and Andrew Johnson, both of whom succeeded to the presidency, have had shorter tenures. King was the only U.S. vice president from Alabama.
Nunarijjait
Nunarijjait (Inuktitut syllabics: ᓄᓇᕆᔾᔭᐃᑦ) formerly Nunajuak Island is one of the uninhabited Canadian arctic islands located in the Hudson Strait, Nunavut, Canada. It is a Baffin Island offshore island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region. The elevation is approximately 1 m (3 ft 3 in) above sea level.

Kinngait, an Inuit hamlet on Dorset Island, is approximately 29.3 km (18.2 mi) away.

Baffin Island
Baffin Island (formerly Baffin Land and also James Island), in the Canadian territory of Nunavut, is the largest island in Canada, the second-largest island in the Americas (behind Greenland), and the fifth-largest island in the world. Its area is 507,451 km2 (195,928 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Thailand) with a population density of 0.026/km2 (0.067/sq mi); the population was 13,039 according to the 2021 Canadian census; and it is located at 68°N 70°W﻿ / ﻿68°N 70°W﻿ / 68; -70﻿ (Baffin Island). Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, is located on Frobisher Bay on the southern tip of the island.
Decha
Decha is a district in the South West Region of Ethiopia. The name Decha comes from one of the provinces in the former Kingdom of Kaffa, which had the approximately same boundaries. Part of the Keffa Zone, Decha is bordered on the south by the Omo River which separates it from the Debub Omo Zone, on the west by the Bench Maji Zone, on the northwest by Chena, on the north by Ginbo, on the northeast by Menjiwo, on the west by Telo and Cheta, and on the southeast by the Denchya River which separates it from the Konta special district. The major town in Decha is Chiri.

According to a 2004 report, Decha had 47 kilometers of all-weather roads and 5 kilometers of dry-weather roads, for an average road density of 18 kilometers per 1000 square kilometers. The southern tip of Decha is included in the territory of the Omo National Park.

Konta Zone
Konta, previously called Ela, is a zone in the Southwest Region of Ethiopia. It is named after Konta people who speak the dialects called Kontatsuwa which is one of Omotic languages. Before joining to Southwest Ethiopia Regional State, Konta was special woreda. This zone is bordered on the southeast by the Omo River which separates it from Gofa Zone, on the south by Debub Omo Zone, on the west by the Keffa Zone, on the north by Jimma Zone, and on the east by the Dawro Zone; the Denchya River defines the southern part of the boundary with the Keficho Shekicho Zone. The administrative center of the zone is Amaya. Other town include Chida.
Skullage
Skullage is the second compilation album by American heavy metal band Black Label Society, although the first two songs are from Zakk Wylde's solo career and side project Pride & Glory. Some versions also come with a bonus DVD.

This is the third compilation released to document Wylde's catalogue, the first being the promotional-only No More Tears EP, followed by Kings of Damnation 98–04 in 2005.

No More Tears (EP)
No More Tears is the first EP by American heavy metal band Black Label Society, released as a promotional compilation CD to promote both the reissue of the band's Sonic Brew, as well as Spitfire Records' reissues of Zakk Wylde's albums Pride & Glory and Book of Shadows.
Christ's Hospital
Christ's Hospital is a public school (English fee-charging boarding school for pupils aged 11–18) with a royal charter, located to the south of Horsham in West Sussex.

The school was founded in 1552 and the royal charter granted in 1553 (26 June, 7 Edw. VI). Since its establishment, Christ's Hospital has been a charity school, with a core aim to offer children from disadvantaged backgrounds the chance of a better education.

Newgate
Newgate was one of the historic seven gates of the London Wall around the City of London and one of the six which date back to Roman times. Newgate lay on the west side of the wall and the road issuing from it headed over the River Fleet to Middlesex and western England. Beginning in the 12th century, parts of the gate buildings were used as a gaol, which later developed into Newgate Prison.
James Agate
James Evershed Agate (9 September 1877 – 6 June 1947) was an English diarist and theatre critic between the two world wars. He took up journalism in his late twenties and was on the staff of The Manchester Guardian in 1907–1914. He later became a drama critic for The Saturday Review (1921–1923), The Sunday Times (1923–1947) and the BBC (1925–1932). The nine volumes of Agate's diaries and letters cover the British theatre of his time and non-theatrical interests such as sports, social gossip and private preoccupations with health and finances. He published three novels, translated a play briefly staged in London, and regularly published collections of theatre essays and reviews.

Maria Malibran
Maria Felicia Malibran (Spanish pronunciation: [maˈɾia feˈliθja maˈliβɾan]; 24 March 1808 – 23 September 1836) was a Spanish singer who commonly sang both contralto and soprano parts, and was one of the best-known opera singers of the 19th century. Malibran was known for her stormy personality and dramatic intensity, becoming a legendary figure after her death in Manchester, England, at age 28. Contemporary accounts of her voice describe its range, power and flexibility as extraordinary.
Saint Mesrop Mashtots Church
Saint Mesrop Mashtots Church (Armenian: Սուրբ Մեսրոպ Մաշտոց եկեղեցի) is an Armenian Apostolic church in Oshakan that contains the grave of Mesrop Mashtots, the inventor of the Armenian alphabet. It is one of Armenia's better known churches and a pilgrimage site. Pilgrims visit the church on the Feast of the Holy Translators in October.

Mashtots was buried at the site in 440, where a martyrium was built three years later. The current church dates to 1873–79, when an entirely new building was built on the grave of Mashtots, located under the altar. It has been the seat of the Diocese of Aragatsotn since 1996.

Hrachia Acharian
Hrachia Acharian (Armenian: Հրաչեայ Աճառեան, reformed spelling: Հրաչյա Աճառյան; pronounced [həɾɑt͡ʃʰˈjɑ ɑt͡ʃɑrˈjɑn]; 8 March 1876 – 16 April 1953) was an Armenian linguist, lexicographer, etymologist, and philologist.

An Istanbul Armenian, Acharian studied at local Armenian schools and at the Sorbonne, under Antoine Meillet, and the University of Strasbourg, under Heinrich Hübschmann. He then taught in various Armenian communities in the Russian Empire and Iran before settling in the Armenian Soviet Socialist Republic in 1923, working at Yerevan State University until his death.

A polyglot, Acharian compiled several major dictionaries, including the monumental Armenian Etymological Dictionary, extensively studied Armenian dialects, compiled catalogs of Armenian manuscripts, and authored comprehensive studies on the history of Armenian language and alphabet. Acharian is considered the father of Armenian linguistics.
Dominique Issermann
Dominique Issermann (born 11 April 1947) is a French photographer. She works primarily with black and white photography, and is noted for her works in portraits, fashion and advertising.

She has shot campaigns for Sonia Rykiel, Christian Dior, Nina Ricci, Guess, Lancôme, La Perla, Tiffany, Chanel and many others.  Her work has also been featured in the fashion supplements for The New York Times, Corriere Della Sera and Le Monde.

Issermann photographed Leonard Cohen over several decades. The two had a long relationship, and Cohen dedicated his album I'm Your Man to her. Issermann is half-Jewish.

Christian Dior
Christian Ernest Dior (French: [kʁistjɑ̃ djɔʁ]; 21 January 1905 – 24 October 1957) was a French fashion designer and founder of one of the world's top fashion houses, Christian Dior SE. His fashion house is known all around the world, having gained prominence "on five continents in only a decade."

Dior's skills led to his employment and design for various fashion icons in attempts to preserve the fashion industry during World War II. After the war, he founded and established the Dior fashion house, with his collection of the "New Look". In 1947, the collection debuted featuring rounded shoulders, a cinched waist, and very full skirt. The New Look celebrated ultra-femininity and opulence in women's fashion.

Throughout his lifetime, and after his death, he won numerous awards for Best Costume Design.
Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar
The Megalithic Monuments of Alcalar (Portuguese: Monumentos Megalíticos de Alcalar) are a group of burial tombs that comprise a Calcolithic necropolis, located in the civil parish of Mexilhoeira Grande, municipality of Portimão, Portugal.

Beehive tomb
A beehive tomb, also known as a tholos tomb  (plural tholoi; from Greek: θολωτός τάφος, romanized: tholotós táphos, θολωτοί τάφοι tholotoi táphoi, "domed tomb(s)"), is a burial structure characterized by its false dome created by corbelling, the superposition of successively smaller rings of mudbricks or, more often, stones. The resulting structure resembles a beehive, hence the traditional English name.

Tholoi were used for burial in several cultures in the Mediterranean and West Asia, but in some cases they were used for different purposes such as homes (Cyprus), rituals (Bulgaria, Syria), and even fortification (Spain, Sardinia). Although Max Mallowan used the same name for the circular houses belonging to the Neolithic culture of Tell Halaf (Iraq, Syria and Turkey), there is no relationship between them.
MAPK networks
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) networks are the pathways and signaling of MAPK, which is a type of serine/threonine-specific protein kinase. MAPK pathways have both a positive and negative regulation in plants. A positive regulation of MAPK networks is to help in assisting with stresses from the environment. A negative regulation of MAPK networks is pertaining to a high quantity of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the plant.

Mitogen-activated protein kinase
A mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK or MAP kinase) is a type of  serine/threonine-specific protein kinases involved in directing cellular responses to a diverse array of stimuli, such as mitogens, osmotic stress, heat shock and proinflammatory cytokines. They regulate cell functions including proliferation, gene expression, differentiation, mitosis, cell survival, and apoptosis.

MAP kinases are found in eukaryotes only, but they are fairly diverse and encountered in all animals, fungi and plants, and even in an array of unicellular eukaryotes.

MAPKs belong to the CMGC (CDK/MAPK/GSK3/CLK) kinase group. The closest relatives of MAPKs are the cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs).
Uzi Baram
Uzi Baram (Hebrew: עוזי ברעם; born 6 April 1937) is an Israeli former politician who served as a member of the Knesset between 1977 and 2001, and was Minister of Tourism and Minister of Internal Affairs in the 1990s.

Ministry of Tourism (Israel)
The Ministry of Tourism (Hebrew: מִשְׂרַד הַתַּיָּרוּת, romanized: Misrad HaTayarut) is the Israeli government office responsible for tourism. The office was created in 1964, with Akiva Govrin being the first minister, but was appended to the Trade and Industry Ministry between 1977 and 1981. The logo for the Ministry depicts the Biblical Spies carrying fruit back from touring the Holy Land.
Seagull Monument (Sumgait)
The Seagull Monument (Azerbaijani: Qağayı abidəsi) is a landmark located at the entrance of Sumgait, Azerbaijan, along the Baku-Quba highway. The monument is composed of 24 stone blocks stacked in a spiral formation, topped with the wings of a seagull.

Sumgait
Sumgait, officially Sumqayit; /ˌsuːmɡɑːˈiːt/; (Azerbaijani: Sumqayıt, Azerbaijani: [sumɡɑˈjɯt] ⓘ) is a city in Azerbaijan, located near the Caspian Sea, on the Absheron Peninsula, about 31 kilometres (19 miles) away from the capital Baku. The city had a population of 427,000 at the beginning of 2024, making it the second largest city in Azerbaijan after Baku.

The city has a territory of 83 square kilometres (32 sq mi). It was founded as a suburb of Baku in 1944 and received city status on 22 November 1949, growing into a major industrial center during the Soviet period. The municipality of Sumgait also includes the settlements of Jorat and Haji Zeynalabdin. It is home to Sumqayit State University.

The city is best known internationally for where the Sumgait pogrom took place in 1988, in which local Armenian populations were killed or forced to relocate due to threats of violence.
Tuireamh na hÉireann
"Tuireamh na hÉireann" ([ˈt̪ˠɪɾʲəw n̪ˠə ˈheːɾʲən̪ˠ], "Lament for Ireland", archaic spelling Tuireaḋ na h-Eireann), also called "Aiste Sheáin Uí Chonaill" ("Seán Ó Conaill's Essay") is an Irish-language poem of the mid-17th century. The poem gives a history of Ireland from the Great Flood to the Cromwellian war. Its composition is dated to 1655–59, and it was written by Seán Ó Conaill of the Iveragh Peninsula, a dependent of MacCarthy Mór. Some accounts described him as Catholic Bishop of Ardfert, but there is no evidence that he ever held that office.

Lament
A lament or lamentation is a passionate expression of grief, often in music, poetry, or song form. The grief is most often born of regret, or mourning. Laments can also be expressed in a verbal manner in which participants lament about something that they regret or someone that they have lost, and they are usually accompanied by wailing, moaning and/or crying. Laments constitute some of the oldest forms of writing, and examples exist across human cultures.
Pearse Canal
Pearse Canal is a channel or strait forming part of the Canada–United States border at the southern end of the Alaska Panhandle and adjacent to the mouth of Portland Inlet. It is on the northwest side of Wales and Pearse Islands, which are in British Columbia, Canada, and forms part of the southwestern edge of Misty Fiords National Monument in Alaska, United States. The southwest entrance to the strait is between Phipp Point and Maie Point, both in Alaska.

Portland Inlet
Portland Inlet is an inlet of the Pacific Ocean on the north coast of British Columbia, Canada, approximately 55 km (34 mi) north of Prince Rupert. It joins Chatham Sound opposite the Dixon Entrance. The Nisga'a assert that the inlet constitutes part of their ancient territory.

The inlet is 40 km (25 mi) long and as much as 13 km (8.1 mi) wide. It drains the Portland Canal, Nass Bay (outlet of the Nass River), and Khutzeymateen Inlet, among others, and is the site of Pearse Island and Somerville Island. Other major sidewaters of the inlet are Observatory Inlet and its east arm, Alice Arm.

Portland Inlet was mapped by the Vancouver Expedition in 1793 and named Brown Inlet, with George Vancouver later changing the name to honour the British House of Portland.

In winter, the inlet is subject to strong katabatic winds, with the most powerful outflow events measured in British Columbia.
Liang Province rebellion
The Liang Province rebellion (Chinese: 涼州之亂) from 184 to 189 started as an insurrection of the Qiang peoples against the Han dynasty in the western province of Liang (roughly present-day Wuwei, Gansu) in the second century AD in China, but the Lesser Yuezhi and sympathetic Han rebels soon joined the cause to wrestle control of the province away from central authority. This rebellion, which closely followed the Yellow Turban Rebellion, was part of a series of disturbances that led to the decline and ultimate downfall of the Han dynasty. Despite receiving relatively little attention in the hands of traditional historians, the rebellion nonetheless had lasting importance as it weakened Han Chinese power in the northwest and prepared that land for a number of non-Han-ruled states in the centuries to come.

Tianshui Commandery
Tianshui Commandery (Chinese: 天水郡), known as Hanyang Commandery (Chinese: 漢陽郡) during the Eastern Han dynasty, was a historical commandery of China in eastern Gansu. The modern city of Tianshui receives its name from the commandery.
Presidential Administration of Russia
The Presidential Executive Office, Russia (abbr. PEO, Russia) or the Presidential Administration of the Russian Federation (Russian: Администрация Президента Российской Федерации, romanized: Administratsiya Prezidenta Rossiyskoy Federatsii; abbr. АП РФ, AP RF), or PARF, is the executive office of the president of Russia created by a decree of Boris Yeltsin on 19 July 1991 as an institution supporting the activity of the president (then Yeltsin) and the vice-president (then Aleksandr Rutskoy, in 1993 the position was abolished) of Russian SFSR (now Russian Federation), as well as deliberative bodies attached to the president, including the Security Council.

The chief of staff of the Presidential Executive Office, his deputies, heads of main directorates and services and their deputies are appointed by the president of Russia and do not need to be approved by any other government body. Other staff are appointed by the chief of staff of the Presidential Executive Office.

Federal districts of Russia
The federal districts (Russian: федеральные округа, IPA: [fʲɪdʲɪˈralʲnɨjɪ ɐkrʊˈɡa]) are groupings of the federal subjects of Russia. Federal districts consist of a group of regions with various autonomy levels as per constitution, but the districts themselves are not mentioned by the constitution and are not autonomous, do not have administrative competences of their own, and do not manage regional affairs. They exist solely to monitor consistency between the federal and regional bodies of law, and ensure federal management of the civil service, judiciary, and federal agencies operating in the regions. The federal district system was established on 13 May 2000.
Northeastern Mandarin
Northeastern Mandarin (simplified Chinese: 东北话; traditional Chinese: 東北話; pinyin: Dōngběihuà; lit. 'Northeast Speech' or 东北官话/東北官話 Dōngběiguānhuà "Northeast Mandarin") is the subgroup of Mandarin Chinese spoken in Northeast China with the exception of the Liaodong Peninsula and few enclaves along Amur and Ussuri rivers. The classification of Northeastern Mandarin as a separate dialect group from Beijing Mandarin was first proposed by Li Rong, author of the Language Atlas of China, in 1989. However, many researchers do not accept the distinction.

Beijing dialect
The Beijing dialect (simplified Chinese: 北京话; traditional Chinese: 北京話; pinyin: Běijīnghuà), also known as Pekingese and Beijingese, is the prestige dialect of Mandarin spoken in the urban area of Beijing, China. It is the phonological basis of Standard Chinese. Despite the similarity to Standard Chinese, it is characterized by some "iconic" differences, including the addition of a final rhotic 儿; -r to some words (e.g. 哪儿; nǎr). During the Ming, southern dialectal influences were also introduced into the dialect.
İzmirspor (İzmir Metro)
İzmirspor is an underground station on the M1 Line of the İzmir Metro in Hatay, Konak. Located under İnönü Avenue, it consists of two side platforms servicing two tracks. Connection to ESHOT bus service is available at street level.

İzmirspor opened on 29 December 2012, along with Hatay station, as part of a two station westward extension of the line. The opening marked the partial completion of the extension to Fahrettin Altay, which was opened fully on 27 July 2014.

Konak, İzmir
Konak is a municipality and district of İzmir Province, Turkey. Its area is 24 km2, and its population is 332,277 (2022). It is the most densely populated of the thirty districts of İzmir, and has historically acted as the administrative and economic core of the city. Situated in an area that roughly corresponds to the geographic center of İzmir, Konak extends for 11.4 kilometres (7 miles) along the southern coastline of the Gulf of İzmir. Konak district area neighbors the district areas of Bornova to the east, Balçova to the west and Buca and Karabağlar to the south. Konak center is connected to other districts of İzmir and beyond by a dense network of roads and railroads, as well as by a subway line currently being largely extended and by ferry services to Karşıyaka. Konak is a very active hub of industry, trade, commerce and services, with the number of companies exceeding sixty thousand and its exports nearing two billion US dollars in 2006.
Yorke's Folly
Yorke's Folly is a historic folly in Bewerley, a village in North Yorkshire, in England.

The structure, more commonly known locally as Two Stoops, was erected in about 1820, for John Yorke, as part of the landscaping around the new Bewerley Hall.  It is locally believed to have been built in part to relieve unemployment in the district.  It was designed to look like the ruins of part of a church, perhaps an east window, or a crossing.  Originally it consisted of three columns, and was known as Three Stoops, but one was blown down in 1893.  The structure was Grade II listed in 1987.

The columns are built of gritstone, and each is about 15 metres (49 ft) high.  They have an L-shaped plan, clearly demarcated quoins, and the suggestion of ruined arches.

Bewerley
Bewerley is a village and civil parish in the county of North Yorkshire, England.  The village is 0.5 mile south of Pateley Bridge in Nidderdale.  The parish includes the part of the Pateley Bridge built-up area west of the River Nidd, where Pateley Bridge post office, the Nidderdale showground, Nidderdale High School and the district of Bridgehouse Gate are located.  The parish also includes the village of  Greenhow, 3 miles (5 km) west of Pateley Bridge.  According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 730, decreasing at the 2011 Census to 717.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the Borough of Harrogate, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.