hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Freedom of the press in Sri Lanka
Freedom of the press in Sri Lanka is guaranteed by Article 14(1)(a) of the Constitution of Sri Lanka which gives every citizen "the freedom of speech and expression including publication". But under some government's  there was widespread suppression of the media, particularly those critical of those governments. Sri Lanka is ranked 146 out of 180 countries in Reporters Without Borders's Press Freedom Index for 2022

Freedom House has judged the Sri Lankan press to be Partly free.

Karuna Amman
Vinayagamoorthy Muralitharan (nom de guerre: Colonel Karuna Amman; Tamil: விநாயகமூர்த்தி முரளிதரன், Vināyakamūrtti Muraḷitaraņ; born 22 June 1966) is a Sri Lankan politician and former militant. Formerly a fighter for the Tamil separatist group, the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam (LTTE), for over 20 years, Muralitharan later rose to prominence after defecting from the LTTE and forming the Tamil Makkal Viduthalai Pulikal (TMVP), a breakaway faction of the LTTE.

After giving up arms and entering politics, he was appointed as a National List Member of Parliament in 2008 for the ruling United People's Freedom Alliance (UPFA), the party of former President Mahinda Rajapaksa, and was sworn in as Minister of National Integration on 9 March, 2009. He later joined the Sri Lanka Freedom Party (SLFP), the main constituent party of the UPFA, and on 24 April 2009 he was appointed as a Vice President of the SLFP.
Aari language
Aari (also rendered Ari, Ara, Aro, Aarai) is an Omotic language spoken by the Aari people in the South Omo Zone of Ethiopia.

The language consists of 9 dialects: Bako, Biyo (Biya), Laydo, Seyki, Shangama, Sido, Wubahamer, Zeddo.

Omotic languages
The Omotic languages are a traditionally recognized but disputed grouping of languages spoken mainly in southwestern Ethiopia, around the Omo River region, and in parts of southeastern Sudan (Blue Nile State). This classification conventionally includes the Damotic (North Omotic), Dizoid (Majoid), Mao and Aroid (South Omotic) languages.

Some of these languages are written in the Geʽez script, while others use the Latin alphabet. They are generally agglutinative and exhibit complex tonal systems, as in the Bench language. The group comprises about 7.9 million speakers.

They are generally classified within the Afroasiatic family, though the internal coherence of Omotic as a linguistic unit is questioned by some linguists. For example, Güldemann treats Damotic and Dizoid as Afroasiatic, but considers Mao and Aroid to be separate language groups outside Afroasiatic, influenced by contact with North Omotic.
Dhab Pari
Dhab Pari (ڈہاب پڑی) is a village located in Har Char Dhab union council of Chakwal District in the Punjab Province of Pakistan.

Dhab Pari is located 8 km from Chakwal city and now encompasses Dhoke Sarang Khan, a hamlet with a strong historical background. The hamlet was founded by a man named Chaudhry Sarang Khan in 18th or 19th century.

In 1936, Chaudhry Noor Khan Gandhi (nicknamed after Gandhi), another notable from the area, established the first ever girls school of Jhelum District in Dhab Pari since Chakwal District used to be part of Jhelum district at that time.

Chakwal
Chakwal (Punjabi and Urdu: چکوال) is a city in Chakwal District in the Potohar region of Punjab, Pakistan.

It is the 48th most populous city of Pakistan. Chakwal is located 90 kilometres south-west of the federal capital, Islamabad and 270 kilometres from the provincial capital, Lahore. It is accessible by both the Islamabad International Airport and the Lahore International Airport.
Rineloricaria felipponei
Rineloricaria felipponei is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the lower Río de la Plata basin in Argentina and Uruguay. The species reaches 11.3 cm (4.4 inches) in length and is believed to be a facultative air-breather.

Loricariidae
Loricariidae is the largest family of catfish (order Siluriformes), with over 90 genera and just over 680 species. Loricariids originate from freshwater habitats of Costa Rica, Panama, and tropical and subtropical South America. These fish are noted for the bony plates covering their bodies and their suckermouths. Several genera are sold as "plecos", notably the suckermouth catfish, Hypostomus plecostomus, and are popular as aquarium fish.
Tai Tau Chau (Sai Kung District)
Tai Tau Chau also known for its less popular name Urn Island, is an island in the water body Sham Tuk Mun (深篤門), Sai Kung District, Hong Kong. Inner Port Shelter and Rocky Harbour are in close proximity to the island.

Sai Kung District
Sai Kung District is one of the 18 districts of Hong Kong. The district comprises the southern half of the Sai Kung Peninsula, the Clear Water Bay Peninsula in the New Territories and a strip of land to the east of Kowloon. Areas in the district include Sai Kung Town, Hong Kong UNESCO Global Geopark, Tseung Kwan O and over 70 islands of different sizes. The administrative centre had been located in Sai Kung Town until the Sai Kung District Office was relocated to Tseung Kwan O recently. The district's population is concentrated in Tseung Kwan O, as of 2011. In 2011, the district was the third youngest district, with a median age of 39.3. Known as the "back garden of Hong Kong", Sai Kung has been able to retain its natural scenery. Many traditional customs and cultures are still retained in the rural villages.
Fältmarskalk
Fältmarskalk (field marshal) was a Swedish military rank equivalent to present day NATO OF-10. Sometimes written as generalfältmarskalk (General Field Marshal, or German equivalent Generalfeldmarschall).

The rank of field marshal, the highest in the Swedish Army, existed from the late 16th century until 1837. It was last appointed in 1824 and officially discontinued in 1972. Historically, it was primarily used during wartime. Sweden has had a total of 77 field marshals.

Riksmarskalk (Marshal of the Realm) was earlier the most senior military officer in Sweden (still second to the Monarch), but is now the senior courtier of the Royal Court.

Field marshal
Field marshal (or field-marshal, abbreviated as FM) is the most senior military rank, senior to the general officer ranks.

Promotion to the rank of field marshal in many countries historically required extraordinary military achievement by a general (a wartime victory). However, the rank has also been used as a divisional command rank and as a brigade command rank.
Have Yourself a Tractors Christmas
Have Yourself a Tractors Christmas is the second studio album and first Christmas album by American country music band The Tractors. It was released by Arista Nashville on October 10, 1995. The album peaked at number 12 on the Billboard Top Country Albums chart.

The track "Santa Claus Is Comin' (In a Boogie Woogie Choo Choo Train)" is a Christmas-themed reworked version of the band's debut single "Baby Likes to Rock It" from their self-titled debut album.

The album was rereleased in 2002 as Tractors Christmas.

The Tractors (album)
The Tractors is the debut studio album by American country music band the Tractors. Released in August 1994 on Arista Records, it set a record for becoming the fastest-selling debut album by a group to achieve Recording Industry Association of America platinum certification in the United States; by the end of the year, it was certified double platinum, and became the highest-selling country album of 1994. The tracks "Baby Likes to Rock It", "Tryin' to Get to New Orleans", and "Badly Bent" were all released as singles. "Baby Likes to Rock It" was the only one to reach the top 40, peaking at number 11 on Hot Country Songs.
Alexander Yuzhin
Alexander Ivanovich Yuzhin (Russian: Алекса́ндр Ива́нович Ю́жин; 1857–1927) was a stage name of the Georgian Prince Sumbatov (Sumbatashvili), who dominated the Malyi Theatre of Moscow at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. He was best known for the Romantical parts in the dramas by Schiller and Victor Hugo but also penned a number of plays himself. Yuzhin lived on to become one of the first  People's Artists of the Republic  in 1922.

He was a freemason. Initiated to February 17, 1908 in the masonic lodge "Renaissance" (Grand Orient of France).

People's Artist of the RSFSR
People's Artist of the RSFSR (Russian: Народный артист РСФСР, Narodnyj artist RSFSR) was an honorary title granted to Soviet Union artists, including theatre and film directors, actors, choreographers, music performers, and orchestra conductors, who had outstanding achievements in the arts, and who lived in the Russian Soviet Federative Socialist Republic (RSFSR). This title was one rank below Honored Artist of the RSFSR and one above People's Artist of the USSR.

The title was introduced on 10 August 1931. In 1992, after the Russian SFSR was renamed as the Russian Federation, it was replaced by People's Artist of Russia.
Internet in Italy
The Internet country code top-level domain (ccTLD) for Italy is .it and is sponsored by Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche. The .eu domain is also used, as it is shared with other European Union member states.

Currently Internet access is available to businesses and home users in various forms, including dial-up, fiber, cable, DSL, and wireless.

.it
.it is the national top-level domain (ccTLD) assigned to Italy.

Registration is open to organisations and individuals of legal age who are citizens or residents of/headquartered in the countries of the European Economic Area (EEA), the Vatican State, the Republic of San Marino and the Swiss Confederation.

Since 11 July 2012, .it has also supported internationalised domain names.
Loubat Point
Loubat Point (65°4′S 63°56′W﻿ / ﻿65.067°S 63.933°W﻿ / -65.067; -63.933) is a point forming the north side of the entrance to Deloncle Bay in Kyiv Peninsula, on the west coast of Graham Land, Antarctica. While probably first seen by the Belgian Antarctic Expedition, 1897–99, it was resighted by the French Antarctic Expedition, 1903–05, and named by Jean-Baptiste Charcot for a Monsieur de Loubat.

Kyiv Peninsula
Kyiv Peninsula (Ukrainian: півострів Київ, IPA: [piˈwɔst⁽ʲ⁾r⁽ʲ⁾iu̯ ˈkɪjiu̯]) is the predominantly ice-covered, oval shaped peninsula projecting 35 km in northwest direction from the west side of Graham Land, Antarctic Peninsula. It is bounded by Flandres Bay to the northeast and Beascochea Bay to the southwest, and separated from Wilhelm Archipelago to the northwest by Lemaire Channel and Penola Strait. The peninsula's north extremity Cape Renard divides Graham Coast to the southwest from Danco Coast to the northeast. Mount Tranchant and Mount Demaria are found on the west coast of the peninsula.
2000–01 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets men's basketball team
The 2000–01 Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets men's basketball team represented the Georgia Institute of Technology during the 2000–01 season. Led by first-year head coach Paul Hewitt, the Jackets finished the regular season with a 16–11 record, before losing to North Carolina in the ACC tournament. Georgia Tech received a bid to the NCAA tournament as No. 8 seed in the West region. The Yellow Jackets were beaten by No. 9 seed Saint Joseph's, 66–62, in the opening round

2000–01 North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball team
The 2000–01 North Carolina Tar Heels men's basketball team represented the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill during the 2000–01 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. Their head coach was Matt Doherty.  The team captain for this season was Brendan Haywood.  The team played its home games in the Dean Smith Center in Chapel Hill, North Carolina as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference.
2025 Palermo Ladies Open
The 2025 Palermo Ladies Open was a professional women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Country Time Club. It was the 33rd edition of the tournament and part of the 2025 WTA 125 tournaments (downgraded from WTA 250 status in previous years). It took place in Palermo, Italy, between 21 and 27 July 2025.

2025 WTA 125 tournaments
The WTA 125 tournaments were the secondary professional tennis circuit tournaments organised by the Women's Tennis Association. The 2025 calendar consisted of fifty three tournaments announced or confirmed through various sources.
Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, Kolkata
Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences (VIMS)  is a medical institution and hospital on Sarat Bose Road, Kolkata, which functions under the Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission. It started in July 1932 as Shishumangal Pratishthan, a maternity and child welfare clinic by Swami Dayanand, a disciple of Sarada Devi.

Swami Dayananda (born Bimal) was younger brother of Swami Madhavananda, the 9th President of the Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission (1962–1965). In 1956, the clinic paved way for the present hospital. Today the institution runs a 600-bed general hospital, Ma Sarada School of Nursing, Vivekananda Institute of Medical Sciences, besides mobile health units and community health services for rural areas.

Ramakrishna Mission
Ramakrishna Math and Ramakrishna Mission (RKM) is a spiritual and philanthropic organisation headquartered in Belur Math, West Bengal. The mission is named after the Indian Hindu spiritual guru and mystic Ramakrishna. The mission was founded by Ramakrishna's chief disciple Swami Vivekananda on 1 May 1897.
The organisation mainly propagates the Hindu philosophy of Vedanta–Advaita Vedanta and four yogic ideals – Jnana, Bhakti, Karma, and Raja yoga. The mission bases its work on the principles of Karma yoga, the principle of selfless work done with a dedication to God.
Electricity sector in the Philippines
The electricity sector in the Philippines provides electricity through power generation, transmission, and distribution to many parts of the country. The Philippines is divided into three electrical grids, one each for Luzon, the Visayas and Mindanao.

As of June 2016, the total installed capacity in the Philippines was 20,055 megawatts (MW), of which 71.5% was on the Luzon grid. About 12% of Filipinos have no access to electricity. The Philippines is also one of the countries in the world that has a fully functioning electricity market since 2006 called the Philippine Wholesale Electricity Spot Market (WESM) and is operated by an independent market operator. By 2017, coal-powered electric energy began to comprise more than 50% of the nationwide power generation in the country.

As of 2025, the Philippines has the second-highest electricity rate in Southeast Asia after Singapore.

Meralco
The Manila Electric Company, also known as Meralco (/mɜːrɑːlkoʊ/, Tagalog: [mɛˈɾalkɔ], stylized in uppercase), is an electric power distribution company in the Philippines. It is Metro Manila's only electric power distributor and holds the power distribution franchise for 39 cities and 72 municipalities, including the whole of Metro Manila and the exurbs that form Mega Manila.

The name "Meralco" is an acronym for Manila Electric Railroad and Light Company, which was the company's official name until 1919.
Bank fee
A bank fee or a bank charge includes charges and fees made by a bank to their customers exclusive of interest payments. In common parlance, the term often relates to charges in respect of personal current accounts or checking account.

These charges may take many forms such as monthly charges for the provision of an account, specific transaction charges such as withdrawal and transfer fees, ATM usage fees, debit card fees for doing a card transactions above a preset limit per month, credit card fees, loan establishment fees, early termination fees, and minimum account balance fees. They also include overdraft fees or non-sufficient funds (NSF) fees for exceeding authorized overdraft limits, or making payments (or attempting to make payments) where no authorized overdraft exists.

ATM usage fees
ATM usage fees are what many banks and interbank networks charge for the use of their automated teller machines (ATMs). In some cases, these fees are assessed solely for non-members of the bank; in other cases, they apply to all users. There is usually a higher fee for the use of White-label ATMs rather than bank-owned ATMs.

Two types of consumer charges exist: the surcharge and the foreign fee. The surcharge fee may be imposed by the ATM owner (the bank or Independent ATM deployer) and will be charged to the consumer using the machine. The foreign fee or transaction fee is a fee charged by the card issuer (financial institution, stored value provider) to the consumer for conducting a transaction outside of their network of machines in the case of a financial institution.
Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat
Al-Asma' wa al-Sifat (Arabic: الأسماء والصفات, romanized: Divine Names and Attributes), is a major classic of Islamic theology authored by Al-Bayhaqi. It was said such a book had never existed like this before and for this reason the author was considered a pioneer in this field.

Salaf
Salaf (Arabic: سلف, 'ancestors' or 'predecessors'), also often referred to with the honorific expression of al-salaf al-ṣāliḥ (السلف الصالح, 'the pious predecessors'), are often taken to be the first three generations of Muslims. This comprises companions of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (the Sahabah), their followers (the Tabi'un), and the followers of the followers (the Taba al-Tabi'in). Their religious significance lay in the statement attributed to Muhammad: "The best of my community are my generation, the ones who follow them and the ones who follow them", a period believed to exemplify the purest form of Islam. The generations of Muslims after the third are referred to as the Khalaf.
Firestone Natural Rubber Company
Firestone Natural Rubber Company, LLC is a subsidiary of the Bridgestone Americas, Inc. Headquartered in Nashville, Tennessee, the company operates the largest contiguous rubber farm in the world in Harbel, Liberia, which first opened in 1926.

Hevea brasiliensis
Hevea brasiliensis, the Pará rubber tree, sharinga tree, seringueira, or, most commonly, rubber tree or rubber plant, is a flowering plant belonging to the spurge family, Euphorbiaceae. It is originally native to the Amazon basin, but is now pantropical in distribution due to introductions. It is the most economically important member of the genus Hevea, because the milky latex extracted from the tree is the primary source of natural rubber.
1997 Ronde van Nederland
These are the results for the 37th edition of the Ronde van Nederland cycling race, which was held from August 26 to August 30, 1997. The race started in Tilburg (North Brabant) and finished after 895.7 kilometres in Landgraaf (Limburg).

Tour of the Netherlands
The Tour of the Netherlands (Dutch: Ronde van Nederland) is a road bicycle racing stage-race in the Netherlands, founded in 1948.

It was an annual race since 1975. Because of the start of the UCI ProTour in 2005, it was replaced by the Eneco Tour.

The first edition started on April 24, from Dam Square, Amsterdam. The riders finished on May 1, nine days later, in the Olympisch Stadion.

The competition's roll of honor includes the successes of Rik Van Looy, Jan Janssen, Joop Zoetemelk and Laurent Fignon. The record of victories belongs to Gerrie Knetemann.

The race was not held from 2005 to 2024, before returning in 2025 as the Tour of Holland. It is part of the UCI Europe Tour calendar as a 2.1 category event.
2006 United States House of Representatives elections in Washington
Elections were held in Washington state in 2006 for seats in the United States House of Representatives. Of the nine congressional districts, six were won by Democrats and three by Republicans, with the Democrats taking 64% of the vote.

Doc Hastings
Richard Norman "Doc" Hastings (born February 7, 1941) is an American politician and member of the Republican Party who served as the U.S. representative for Washington's 4th congressional district from 1995 until his retirement in 2015. The district includes much of central Washington including the Tri-Cities, Yakima, and Moses Lake. The most conservative Republican in Washington's Congressional delegation, he chaired the House Committee on Ethics from 2005 to 2007 and chaired the House Committee on Natural Resources from 2011 to his leaving office.

Hastings retired in 2015 after declining to run for re-election in 2014.
Michael Gschwind
Michael Karl Gschwind is an American computer scientist at Nvidia in Santa Clara, California. He is recognized for his seminal contributions to the design and exploitation of general-purpose programmable accelerators, as an early advocate of sustainability in computer design and as a prolific inventor.

IBM Blue Gene
Blue Gene was an IBM project aimed at designing supercomputers that can reach operating speeds in the petaFLOPS (PFLOPS) range, with relatively low power consumption.

The project created three generations of supercomputers, Blue Gene/L, Blue Gene/P, and Blue Gene/Q. During their deployment, Blue Gene systems often led the TOP500 and Green500 rankings of the most powerful and most power-efficient supercomputers, respectively. Blue Gene systems have also consistently scored top positions in the Graph500 list. The project was awarded the 2009 National Medal of Technology and Innovation.

After Blue Gene/Q, IBM focused its supercomputer efforts on the OpenPower platform, using accelerators such as FPGAs and GPUs to address the diminishing returns of Moore's law.
Bobby Mathews (general)
Lieutenant General Bobby Mathews, PVSM, AVSM & Bar, VSM is an Indian Army officer who is an alumnus of the prestigious National Defence Academy, Khadakwasla. He is a second generation army officer and has been General Officer Commanding of the Konark Corps (XII Corps), India's only Desert Corps. The General holds a MSc & MPhil Degree from Madras University.

Kumaon Regiment
The Kumaon Regiment is one of the oldest infantry regiments of the Indian Army. The regiment traces its origins to the 18th century and has fought in every major campaign of the British Indian Army and the Indian Army, including the two world wars, and is one of the highest decorated regiments of the Indian Army.
2014 United States Men's Curling Championship
The 2014 Labatt United States Men's Curling Championship was held from March 1 to 8 at the IceWorks Skating Complex in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It was held in conjunction with the 2014 United States Women's Curling Championship.

United States Men's Curling Championship
The United States Men's Curling Championship is the annual men's national curling championship for the United States. It is run by the United States Curling Association (USCA) and typically held in conjunction with the Women's Championship. The champion is eligible to represent the United States at the World Men's Curling Championships if they also rank in the top 75 teams over the last two seasons in the World Curling Tour Order of Merit or have earned 40 points in the Order of Merit year-to-date rankings.
(Cycloheptatrienyl)(cyclopentadienyl)vanadium
(Cycloheptatrienyl)(cyclopentadienyl)vanadium is an organovanadium compound with the formula V(C5H5)(C7H7).  It is a purple, paramagnetic, sublimable solid that is sensitive toward air. The structure has been confirmed by X-ray crystallography. This sandwich complex features cyclopentadienyl and cycloheptatrienyl ligands bound to vanadium.  It was first prepared by heating a mixture of cycloheptatriene and cyclopentadienylvanadium tetracarbonyl.  Many derivatives of trovacene are prepared by lithiation of the cyclopentadienyl ring.

Organovanadium chemistry
Organovanadium chemistry is the chemistry of organometallic compounds containing a carbon (C) to vanadium (V) chemical bond. Organovanadium compounds find only minor use as reagents in organic synthesis but are significant for polymer chemistry as catalysts.

Oxidation states for vanadium are +2, +3, +4 and +5. Low valency vanadium is usually stabilized with carbonyl ligands. Oxo derivatives are relatively common, unlike the organic complexes of neighboring elements.