hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tansukh cloth
Tansukh cloth was a fine cotton cloth primarily used for feminine dresses in medieval India, Tansukh is one of the seven explicitly mentioned cloths (khasa, Salu, Doriya, Bafta, Dupatta, and Panchtoliya) named in the exhaustive list of cotton cloths in Ain-i-Akbari. The bodices made of Tansukh and Bafta are referred by the poet Bhikhari Das. Tansukh was a woven material with another class of muslin with a very soft and delicate texture.

Ain-i-Akbari
The Ain-i-Akbari (Persian: آئینِ اکبری), or the "Administration of Akbar", is a detailed document regarding the administration of the Mughal Empire under Emperor Akbar, written by his court historian, Abu'l Fazl, in the Persian language between 1589 and 1596. It forms Volume III and the final part of the much larger document, the Akbarnama (Account of Akbar), also by Abu'l-Fazl, and is itself in three volumes.
Gahnite
Gahnite, ZnAl2O4, is a rare mineral belonging to the spinel group. It forms octahedral crystals which may be green, blue, yellow, brown or grey. It often forms as an alteration product of sphalerite in altered massive sulphide deposits such as at Broken Hill, Australia. Other occurrences include Falun, Sweden where it is found in pegmatites and skarns; and, in the United States, Charlemont, Massachusetts; Spruce Pine, North Carolina; White Picacho district, Arizona; Topsham, Maine; and Franklin, New Jersey.

It was first described in 1807 for an occurrence in the Falu mine, Falun, Dalarna, Sweden, and named after the Swedish chemist, Johan Gottlieb Gahn (1745–1818), the discoverer of the element manganese. It is sometimes called zinc spinel.

Sphalerite
Sphalerite is a sulfide mineral with the chemical formula (Zn, Fe)S. It is the most important ore of zinc. Sphalerite is found in a variety of deposit types, but it is primarily in sedimentary exhalative, Mississippi-Valley type, and volcanogenic massive sulfide deposits. It is found in association with galena, chalcopyrite, pyrite (and other sulfides), calcite, dolomite, quartz, rhodochrosite, and fluorite.

German geologist Ernst Friedrich Glocker discovered sphalerite in 1847, naming it based on the Greek word sphaleros, meaning "deceiving", due to the difficulty of identifying the mineral.

In addition to zinc, sphalerite is an ore of cadmium, gallium, germanium, and indium. Miners have been known to refer to sphalerite as zinc blende, black-jack, and ruby blende. Marmatite is an opaque black variety with a high iron content.
1635: The Eastern Front
1635: The Eastern Front is an alternate history novel by Eric Flint in the 1632 series, first published in hardcover by Baen Books on October 5, 2010, with a paperback edition following from the same publisher in November 2011. It is a sequel to 1635: The Tangled Web and is directly continued by 1636: The Saxon Uprising.

1635: The Tangled Web
1635: The Tangled Web is a novel in the alternate history 1632 series, written by Virginia DeMarce.

Two of the stories were previously published in the online version of The Grantville Gazettes, with "Prince and Abbot" first published in Volume 8 and "Mail Stop" first published in Volume 9. The rest of the stories are original material.
Elbow method (clustering)
In cluster analysis, the elbow method is a heuristic used in determining the number of clusters in a data set. The method consists of plotting the explained variation as a function of the number of clusters and picking the elbow of the curve as the number of clusters to use. The same method can be used to choose the number of parameters in other data-driven models, such as the number of principal components to describe a data set.

The method can be traced to speculation by Robert L. Thorndike in 1953.

Explained variation
In statistics, explained variation measures the proportion to which a mathematical model accounts for the variation (dispersion) of a given data set. Often, variation is quantified as variance; then, the more specific term explained variance can be used.

The complementary part of the total variation is called unexplained or residual variation; likewise, when discussing variance as such, this is referred to as unexplained or residual variance.
Rectified truncated icosahedron
In geometry, the rectified truncated icosahedron is a convex polyhedron. It has 92 faces: 60 isosceles triangles, 12 regular pentagons, and 20 regular hexagons. It is constructed as a rectified, truncated icosahedron, rectification truncating vertices down to mid-edges.

As a near-miss Johnson solid, under icosahedral symmetry, the pentagons are always regular, although the hexagons, while having equal edge lengths, do not have the same edge lengths with the pentagons, having slightly different but alternating angles, causing the triangles to be isosceles instead. The shape is a symmetrohedron with notation I(1,2,*,[2])

Near-miss Johnson solid
In geometry, a near-miss Johnson solid is a strictly convex polyhedron whose faces are close to being regular polygons but some or all of which are not precisely regular. Thus, it fails to meet the definition of a Johnson solid, a polyhedron whose faces are all regular, though it "can often be physically constructed without noticing the discrepancy" between its regular and irregular faces. The precise number of near-misses depends on how closely the faces of such a polyhedron are required to approximate regular polygons.

Some near-misses with high symmetry are also symmetrohedra with some truly regular polygon faces.

Some near-misses are also zonohedra.
Harry Lee (rugby union)
Harry Lee (8 December 1882 – 11 January 1933) was an English international rugby union player.

Born in Dewsbury, Lee was active in rugby during his studies at the University of Cambridge and Guy's Hospital. He gained an England cap in 1907, deputising for John Jackett at fullback against France at Athletic Ground, Richmond, but had his involvement in the match limited due to a rib injury he sustained.

Lee, a surgeon, specialised in ophthalmology and became a lecturer at the University of Leeds.

John Jackett (rugby union)
Edward John Jackett (4 July 1878 – 11 November 1935), known as John Jackett, was an English rugby union player, who represented the England national rugby union team, the British Lions, and competed in the 1908 Summer Olympics for Great Britain. He is the elder brother of Richard ″Dick″ Jackett, who was also in the Great Britain team which won the Olympic silver medal.
Zec Mitchinamecus
The ZEC Mitchinamecus is a "zone d'exploitation contrôlée" (controlled harvesting zone) (ZEC) in the unorganized territory of Lac-De La Bidière, in the Antoine-Labelle Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Laurentides, in Quebec, in Canada.

Lac-De La Bidière
Lac-De La Bidière (French pronunciation: [lak də la bidjɛʁ]) is an unorganized territory in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada, and one of eleven unorganized areas in the Antoine-Labelle Regional County Municipality.
2007 Dubai Sevens
The Dubai Sevens is played annually as part of the IRB Sevens World Series for international rugby sevens (seven-a-side version of rugby union). The 2007 competition, which took place on November 30 and December 1 at the Dubai Exiles Rugby Ground, was the first Cup trophy in the 2007-08 IRB Sevens World Series.

It was the last Dubai Sevens to be held at the Exiles Ground. Starting in 2008, the tournament moved to The Sevens, a new stadium built to host the 2009 Rugby World Cup Sevens.

The defending series champions New Zealand won the Cup trophy (overall title) defeating Fiji. Defending Dubai champions South Africa lost in the Cup semifinals. Other trophy winners, in decreasing order of prestige, were Argentina in the Plate, Australia in the Bowl, and Zimbabwe in the Shield.

Zimbabwe national rugby sevens team
The Zimbabwe national rugby sevens team competes in both domestic and international rugby sevens competitions. Zimbabwe competes in World Rugby Sevens Series events such as the South Africa Sevens and Hong Kong Sevens.

The team is nicknamed the Cheetahs. They traditionally play in a green and white strip on Day 1 of tournaments, and then a white and green strip on Day 2. Zimbabwe participated at the 2020 World Rugby Sevens Challenger Series. They also qualified for the 2020 Men's Rugby Sevens Final Olympic Qualification Tournament, but did not qualify for the Tokyo Olympics.
Gnosticism and Neoplatonism
Gnosticism refers to a collection of religious groups originating in Jewish religiosity in Alexandria in the first few centuries AD. Neoplatonism is a school of Hellenistic philosophy that took shape in the 3rd century, based on the teachings of Plato and some of his early followers. While Gnosticism was influenced by Middle Platonism, neoplatonists from the third century onward rejected Gnosticism. Nevertheless, Alexander J. Mazur argues that many neoplatonic concepts and ideas are ultimately derived from Sethian Gnosticism during the third century in Lower Egypt, and that Plotinus himself may have been a Gnostic before nominally distancing himself from the movement.

Middle Platonism
Middle Platonism is the modern name given to a revival and outgrowth of Platonic philosophy, lasting from about 90 BC – when Antiochus of Ascalon rejected the skepticism of the new Academy – until the development of neoplatonism under Plotinus in the 3rd century. Middle Platonism absorbed many doctrines from the rival Peripatetic and Stoic schools. The pre-eminent philosopher in this period, Plutarch (c. 45–120), defended the freedom of the will and the immortality of the soul. He sought to show that God, in creating the world, had transformed matter, as the receptacle of evil, into the divine soul of the world, where it continued to operate as the source of all evil. God is a transcendent being, who operates through divine intermediaries, which are the gods and daemons of popular religion. Numenius of Apamea (c. 160) combined Platonism with neopythagoreanism and other eastern philosophies, in a move which would prefigure the development of neoplatonism.
Ezero culture
The Ezero culture, 3300—2700 BC, was a Bronze Age archaeological culture occupying most of present-day Bulgaria. It takes its name from the Tell-settlement of Ezero.

Ezero follows the copper age cultures of the area (Karanovo VI culture, Gumelniţa culture, Kodzadjemen culture, and Varna culture), after a settlement hiatus in Northern Bulgaria. It bears some relationship to the earlier Cernavodă III culture  to the north. Some settlements were fortified.

The Ezero culture is interpreted  as part of a larger Balkan-Danubian early Bronze Age complex, a horizon reaching from Troy Id-IIc into Central Europe, encompassing the Baden of the Carpathian Basin and the Coţofeni culture of Romania. According to Hermann Parzinger, there are also typological connections to Poliochne IIa-b and Sitagroi IV.

Gumelnița–Kodžadermen-Karanovo VI complex
The Gumelnița–Kodžadermen-Karanovo VI complex was a Chalcolithic cultural complex of the fifth millennium BC located in the eastern Balkans, comprising the Gumelnița, Kodžadermen and Karanovo cultures. It is also aggregated with the Varna culture. It formed part of the broader cultural complex known as Old Europe. Gumelnița–Kodžadermen-Karanovo VI evolved out of the earlier Boian culture and phase V of the Karanovo culture. From c. 4000 BC Gumelnița–Kodžadermen-Karanovo VI was replaced by the Cernavodă culture.
Iron Family
Iron Family (Korean: 다리미 패밀리) is a 2024–2025 South Korean television series starring Kim Jung-hyun, Keum Sae-rok, Choi Tae-joon, and Yang Hye-ji. It aired on KBS2 from September 28, 2024, to January 26, 2025, every Saturday and Sunday at 19:55 (KST).

Kim Jung-hyun (actor, born 1990)
Kim Jung-hyun (Korean: 김정현; born April 5, 1990) is a South Korean actor. He is best known for his lead roles in popular television series School 2017 (2017), Welcome to Waikiki (2018), and Time (2018). He gained international recognition by starring in the dramas Crash Landing on You (2019–2020) and Mr. Queen (2020–2021), which rank amongst the highest-rated Korean dramas in cable television history.
Solar Power Tour
The Solar Power Tour was the third concert tour by New Zealand singer-songwriter Lorde, in support of her third studio album Solar Power (2021). The tour started on April 3, 2022, at the Grand Ole Opry House in Nashville, and concluded on August 19, 2023, at the Praia Fluvial do Taboão in Paredes de Coura, spanning over 70 shows in North America, Europe, Latin America and Oceania.

The show consisted of three segments and an encore, with two or three costume changes. The set list changed frequently as the tour went on, but consistently featured songs from all three of her studio albums, and occasionally included covers.

Paredes de Coura
Paredes de Coura (Portuguese pronunciation: [pɐˈɾeðɨʒ ðɨ ˈkoɾɐ] ⓘ) is a town and a municipality in the district of Viana do Castelo in northern Portugal. The municipality hosted a population of 8,632 as of 2021, in an area of 138.19 square kilometres (53.36 sq mi). The town is located within the Paredes de Coura e Resende civil parish and had 2,011 inhabitants in the same year.

The present Mayor is Vitor Pereira, elected by the Socialist Party. The municipal holiday is August 10.
Boy You Knock Me Out
"Boy You Knock Me Out" is a song by American actress and singer Tatyana Ali from her only studio album, Kiss the Sky (1998). Written by Kelly Price, StoneBridge, and Nick Nice, the track samples "Summer Madness" by Kool & the Gang and interpolates "What You Won't Do for Love" by Bobby Caldwell. Released via MJJ Music and Epic Records on February 1, 1999, the song reached number three on the UK Singles Chart and entered the top 40 of the charts in France, Iceland, Ireland, and New Zealand. The single version of the song, known as the "Big Willie Style" edit, features Will Smith performing a rap.

Bobby Caldwell
Robert Hunter Caldwell (August 15, 1951 – March 14, 2023) was an American singer, songwriter, and musician. He released several albums spanning R&B, soul, jazz, and adult contemporary, and was known for his soulful and versatile vocals. Caldwell released the hit single and his signature song "What You Won't Do for Love" from his double platinum debut self-titled album in 1978.

After several R&B and smooth jazz albums, Caldwell turned to singing standards from the Great American Songbook. He wrote many songs for other artists, including the Billboard Hot 100 No. 1 single "The Next Time I Fall" for Amy Grant and Peter Cetera. Caldwell's musical catalog is perhaps best known today for its later sampling by several prolific hip hop and R&B artists.
Christopher G. Ripley
Christopher G. Ripley (September 6, 1822 – October 15, 1881) was an American lawyer and judge of Minnesota. He served as Chief Justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court from January 7, 1870 to April 7, 1874.

His father, Rev. Samuel Ripley, was a Unitarian minister. His mother was the daughter of Captain Gamaliel Bradford. Ripley attended Harvard University and graduated in 1841, and attended Harvard Law School for a year. He then worked with celebrated lawyer Franklin Dexter in Boston before moving to Minnesota. He first moved to Brownsville in 1855, but then moved to Chatfield a year later.

Ripley was elected Chief Justice of the Minnesota Supreme Court for a term starting January 7, 1870, but on April 7, 1874, his failing health forced him to resign. He died October 15, 1881, in Concord, Massachusetts.

Minnesota Supreme Court
The Minnesota Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Minnesota. The court hears cases in the Supreme Court chamber in the Minnesota State Capitol or in the nearby Minnesota Judicial Center.
William Workman (baritone)
William Workman (February 4, 1940 – September 13, 2019) was an American baritone who had an active career in operas and concerts from the 1960s into the 2000s. Particularly active with the Hamburg State Opera (HSO) and Opera Frankfurt, he notably created the roles of Tony in the world premiere of Gian Carlo Menotti's Help, Help, the Globolinks! (1968) and Prince Henri of Condé in the world premiere of Krzysztof Penderecki's The Devils of Loudun (1969). His final appearance with the HSO was as Osmin in Mozart's Die Entführung aus dem Serail in 2004.

Hamburg State Opera
The Hamburg State Opera (in German: Staatsoper Hamburg) is a German opera company based in Hamburg. Its theatre is near the square of Gänsemarkt. Since the 2025/26 season, the Intendant of the company is Tobias Kratzer, and the Generalmusikdirektor is Omer Meir Wellber.
Rufus C. Dawes
Rufus Cutler Dawes (July 30, 1867 – January 8, 1940) was an American businessman in oil and banking from a prominent Ohio family. He and his three brothers all became nationally known. In the 1920s he served as an expert on the commissions to prepare the Dawes Plan and the Young Plan to manage German reparations to the Allies after World War I.

He had most of his career in Chicago, where he was involved in civic organizations. He served as president of the Commercial Club of Chicago, and from 1934-1940, as head of the World's Fair organization and the Museum of Science & Industry (MSI).

Dawes Plan
The Dawes Plan temporarily resolved the issue of the reparations that Germany owed to the Allies of World War I. Enacted in 1924, it ended the crisis in European diplomacy that occurred after French and Belgian troops occupied the Ruhr in response to Germany's failure to meet its reparations obligations.

The Plan set up a staggered schedule for Germany's payment of war reparations, provided for a large loan to stabilise the German currency and ended the occupation of the Ruhr. It resulted in a brief period of economic recovery in the second half of the 1920s, although it came at the price of a heavy reliance on foreign capital. The Dawes Plan was superseded by the Young Plan in 1929.

Because the Plan resolved a serious international crisis, the American Charles G. Dawes, who headed the group that developed it, received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1925.
Albidella nymphaeifolia
Albidella nymphaeifolia is a species of flowering plant in genus Alismataceae. It is an annual or helophyte native to Cuba and the Yucatán Peninsula (Belize, Guatemala, Campeche, Quintana Roo, and Yucatán State).

Alismataceae
The water-plantains (Alismataceae) are a family of flowering plants, comprising 20 genera (17 extant and 3 fossil) and 119 species. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the greatest number of species in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most of the species are herbaceous aquatic plants growing in marshes and ponds.
Rafael Overhead Weapon Station
The Rafael Overhead Weapon Station is a remote weapon station developed by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems in cooperation with the Israel Defense Forces. It has been superseded by the Rafael Samson Remote Controlled Weapon Station (RCWS). However, the larger Rafael OWS-25 and OWS-25R models are still in production.

Samson Remote Controlled Weapon Station
The Samson Remote Controlled Weapon Station (RCWS), also known as Katlanit (קטלנית in Hebrew: "lethal") is a remote weapon system (RWS) that enables a variety of devices to be operated automatically or by remote control, including 5.56 mm, 7.62 mm, and 12.7 mm .50 BMG machine guns, 40 mm automatic grenade launchers, anti-tank missiles and observation pods.
Gaqo Çako
Gaqo Çako (24 January 1935 – 1 August 2018) was an Albanian operatic tenor, awarded with the People's Artist of Albania title. He has been ranked among the best opera singers of Albania, along with Ramiz Kovaçi and Mentor Xhemali.

Ramiz Kovaçi
Ramiz Kovaçi (22 March 1929 – 1994) was an Albanian baritone. One of his generation's most notable opera singers, he was the main baritone of the National Theatre of Opera and Ballet of Albania and a founder of the Academy of Arts of Albania. In his last years, he performed at the İzmir venue of the Turkish State Opera and Ballet. He received the titles of People's Artist of Albania and Honor of Nation Order.
Souled Out (Tower of Power album)
Souled Out is a 1995 album by Tower of Power on Epic Records. It marked the debut of lead vocalist Brent Carter and drummer Herman Matthews, who, coincidentally, is a distant cousin of former TOP vocalist Rick Stevens. Founding member, baritone saxophone player Stephen "Doc" Kupka graces the front cover of the album.  Jeff Lorber co-produced this album with band leader Emilio Castillo.

Herman Matthews
Herman Matthews (born December 28, 1960) is an American drummer and composer. Matthews works as a session and touring musician, most notably for Tower of Power, Kenny Loggins and toured with Tom Jones for more than 7 years. He began playing drums at the age of seven and has been the backbone of world-class pop, rock, jazz, soul, R&B and funk bands for nearly thirty years.
Emirati cuisine
Emirati cuisine is the local traditional Arabic cuisine of the United Arab Emirates. The origins of Emirati cuisine come from the Bedouins who roamed the country. It is part of Eastern Arabian cuisine and shares similarities with cuisines from neighboring countries, such as Omani cuisine and Saudi Arabian cuisine, as well as influences from different Middle Eastern and Asian cuisines.  As a major international hub, the United Arab Emirates today has a multicultural variety of cuisines from different parts of the world.

Khabees
Khabees (Arabic: الخبيص; sometimes pronounced "khabeesa") is a traditional sweet dish common in the Persian Gulf Arab States and Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Saudi Arabia and the United Arab Emirates. It is made of flour and oil and is commonly served as a traditional dish for breakfast, especially during Eid days.
Kreuz Kaiserberg
The Kreuz Kaiserberg (German: Autobahnkreuz Kaiserberg) is a spaghetti junction in the Metropolitan region Rhein-Ruhr in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia.

The interchange forms the connection between the A3, which runs from the Dutch border near Elten via Oberhausen and Frankfurt am Main to the Austrian border south of Passau, and the A40 (Ruhrschnellweg) from Venlo to Dortmund.

Oberhausen
Oberhausen (/ˈoʊbərhaʊzən/, German: [ˈoːbɐhaʊzn̩] ⓘ) is a city on the river Emscher in the Ruhr Area, Germany, located between Duisburg and Essen (c. 13 km or 8 mi). The city hosts the International Short Film Festival Oberhausen and The Static Roots Festival. Its Gasometer Oberhausen is an anchor point of the European Route of Industrial Heritage.

Culture: Exhibitions of ice sculptures, Eiswelt Oberhausen, occurred in 2024 [and 2025].
Luminous Arc (video game)
Luminous Arc is a tactical role-playing game developed by Imageepoch for the Nintendo DS, and the first in the Luminous Arc series. The game was released on February 8, 2007 in Japan, August 14, 2007 in North America, and October 18, 2007 in Australia by Atlus, and in Europe the following day by Rising Star Games.

The game features voiced scenes, character designs by Kaito Shibano and music by Akari Kaida, Yasunori Mitsuda, and Mitsuda's studio, Procyon. Along with the main gameplay, there is an online multiplayer battle option.

The game has a sequel, Luminous Arc 2, that was released in 2008. Luminous Arc 3: Eyes was released on December 10, 2009 in Japan. The latest entry in the series, Luminous Arc Infinity, was released for the PlayStation Vita in Japan on August 6, 2015.

Luminous Arc 3
Luminous Arc 3 (ルミナスアーク3 アイズ, Ruminasu Āku Surī Aizu; Luminous Arc 3: Eyes) is a role-playing video game developed by imageepoch and published by Marvelous Entertainment. In Luminous Arc 3, witches have ceased to exist, but their legacy lives on through "Magi". There are two people who are associated with witches. One is Sarah, who wants to become the legendary witch and the Holy Witch Sylvia.