hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rancho Murieta, California
Rancho Murieta is a census-designated place (CDP) and guard-gated community in Sacramento County, California, United States.  It is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area.  The population was 5,903 at the 2020 census, up from 5,488 at the 2010 census. It is located in the foothills of the Sierra Nevada range, about 25 miles (40 km) east of Sacramento.

Arden-Arcade, California
Arden-Arcade is a census-designated place (CDP) in Sacramento County, California, United States. The population was 94,659 at the 2020 census, making it the second most populous census-designated place in California. It is east of the city of Sacramento and west of the community of Carmichael.

Arden-Arcade is a principal locality of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye
The Peace of Saint-Germain-en-Laye was signed on 8 August 1570 by Charles IX of France, Gaspard II de Coligny and Jeanne d'Albret, to end the third war (1568-70) of the French Wars of Religion.

The Peace went much further than the March 1568 Peace of Longjumeau by establishing specific rights and responsibilities for French Protestants, generally known as Huguenots. Freedom of worship was permitted in two towns per gouvernment, while the Huguenots were allowed to maintain armed garrisons in four towns for a period of two years, after which they had to be returned to Royal control. However, the civil war resumed in 1572 after the targeted assassination of Huguenot leaders assembled in Paris spiralled into the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre.

Peace of Longjumeau
The Peace of Longjumeau (also known as the Treaty of Longjumeau or the Edict of Longjumeau) was signed on 23 March 1568 by Charles IX of France and Catherine de' Medici. The edict brought to an end the brief second war of the French Wars of Religion with terms that largely confirmed those of the prior edict of Amboise. Unlike the previous edict, it would not be sent to the Parlements to examine prior to its publication, due to what the crown had felt was obstructionism the last time. The edict would not last, however, as it was overturned later in the year by the Edict of Saint-Maur which outlawed Protestantism at the beginning of the third war of religion.
Paul Hayes Tucker
Paul Hayes Tucker (born 1950) is an American art historian, professor, curator, and author. He is regarded as the world’s leading expert on Claude Monet (1840-1926) and an authority on French Impressionism. He spent 36 years teaching at the University of Massachusetts Boston, with visiting professorships at Williams College, The Institute of Fine Arts, NYU, and the University of California Santa Barbara. He has curated major Monet and Impressionist exhibitions at the Museum of Fine Arts, Boston, The Art Institute of Chicago, the Royal Academy of Arts, London, the National Gallery, Washington, The Wadsworth, the Artizon Museum, Tokyo, the Nagoya City Art Museum, and the Hiroshima Museum, among other institutions. He has also authored or edited 11 books.

Artizon Museum
Artizon Museum Aatizon Bijutukan (アーティゾン美術館), until 2018 Bridgestone Museum of Art (ブリヂストン美術館, Burijisuton Bijutsukan), is an art museum in Tokyo, Japan.

The museum was founded in 1952 by the founder of Bridgestone Tire Co., Ishibashi Shojiro (his family name means stone bridge).  The museum's collections include Impressionists, Post-Impressionists and twentieth-century art by Japanese, European and American artists, as well as ceramic works from Ancient Greece.  The museum was located in the headquarters of the Bridgestone Corporation in Chūō, Tokyo.
The Trilogy Tour (Melanie Martinez)
The Trilogy Tour was the fifth concert tour and first all-arena tour by American artist Melanie Martinez, launched in support of all three of her studio albums, Cry Baby, K-12 and  Portals. Comprising fifty-three shows, the tour started on May 10, 2024, at the Climate Pledge Arena in Seattle, Washington, and concluded on November 16, 2024, at the Corona Capital festival in Mexico City, Mexico. Men I Trust, Beach Bunny, Sofia Isella, Elita,  and Lola Young served as opening acts.

Beach Bunny (band)
Beach Bunny is  an American rock band formed in 2015 in Chicago, Illinois. Initially a solo project by guitarist and vocalist Lili Trifilio, Beach Bunny became a full band in 2017. The group achieved widespread popularity after their 2018 song "Prom Queen" went viral on TikTok in late 2019. Their 2020 song "Cloud 9" also went viral on TikTok in 2021.
Ray Griggs
Vice Admiral Raymond James Griggs, AO, CSC (born July 1961) is an Australian former senior public servant and senior officer in the Royal Australian Navy. He served as Chief of Navy from June 2011 to June 2014, before being appointed Vice Chief of the Defence Force until his transfer to the reserve in July 2018.

Following his transfer to the reserves, Griggs held the appointment of the Associate Secretary of the Indigenous Affairs Group within the Department of Prime Minister and Cabinet, and was the inaugural CEO of the National Indigenous Australians Agency. He was Secretary of the Department of Social Services from 22 July 2021 until 10 December 2024.

Vice Chief of the Defence Force (Australia)
The Vice Chief of the Defence Force (VCDF) is the military deputy to the Chief of the Defence Force (CDF) of Australia, and acts as the CDF in his absence under standing acting arrangements. Air Marshal Robert Chipman, the incumbent VCDF, has held the position since 9 July 2024.
Thrikkadavoor Sivaraju
Thrikkadavoor Sivaraju (c. 1973) is an elephant from southern Kerala owned by Travancore Devaswom. At a height of 320 cm, Sivaraju is one of the tallest living elephants in Asia.

Sivaraju is an elephant with the body structure that is mentioned in mathangaleela(Book of elephants ). He is having a massive ear structure that makes sivaraju different and beautiful from other elephants.In May 2024, Sivaraju received an amount of Rs 8,000,08 for Kattakampal Pooram from Srayil Desham Thrissur 2024. This record was previously held by Gajarajan Guruvayur Padmanabhan, who received the highest donation fee in 2004.

Guruvayur Padmanabhan
Guruvayur Padmanabhan popularly known as Gajaratnam Padmanabhan was the leader of the elephants of Guruvayur temple in Kerala after the death of the famous temple elephant named Guruvayur Kesavan in 1976. The elephant carried the idol of Lord Vishnu for 66 years.
Russian Space Research Institute
The Russian Space Research Institute (Russian: Институт космических исследований Российской академии наук, romanized: Institut kosmicheskikh issledovaniy Rossiyskoy akademii nauk, lit. 'Space Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences'; SRI RAS, Russian abbreviation: ИКИ РАН, IKI RAN) is the leading organization of the Russian Academy of Sciences on space exploration to benefit fundamental science. It was formerly known as the Space Research Institute of the USSR Academy of Sciences (Russian abbr.: ИКИ АН СССР, IKI AN SSSR). It is usually known by the shorter name Space Research Institute and especially by the initialism IKI.

The institute is located in Moscow with a staff of 289 scientists. It conducts scientific research in the fields of astrophysics, planetary science, solar physics, Sun-Earth relations, cosmic plasma, and geophysics. IKI also develops and tests space technologies in collaboration with the Russian Academy of Sciences and the Federal Space Agency.

Abbreviation
An abbreviation (from Latin  brevis 'short') is a shortened form of a word or phrase, by any method including shortening, contraction, initialism (which includes acronym), or crasis. An abbreviation may be a shortened form of a word, usually ended with a trailing full stop (period). For example, the term etc. is the usual abbreviation for the Latin phrase et cetera.
Rangreza
Rangreza is a 2017 Pakistani musical romantic drama film directed by Amir Mohiuddin, and written by Akhtar Qayyum under the production banner of Vision Art Films. The film features Gohar Rasheed, Bilal Ashraf, Urwa Hocane and Ghana Ali in the main cast. It is also produced by Yasir Mohiuddin and Usman Malkani under the MH Films and Malkani Films respectively.

The film released on 22 December 2017, and was distributed by ARY Films in Pakistan and by B4U Motion Pictures worldwide. It is said to be one of the most expensive Pakistani films of the year.

Urwa Hocane
UrwaTul Wusqua Hussain, better known by her stage name Urwa Hocane (/ˈʊərwə hoʊˈseɪn/; born 2 July 1991) is a Pakistani actress, model and media personality. She made her acting debut with Khushboo Ka Ghar as Rukhsana in 2012. Hocane is best known for portraying Meera in Udaari which earned her Hum Awards for Best On-screen Couple shared with Farhan Saeed and a nomination in the Hum Awards for Best Actress Popular. She played the role of Guddi in Momina Duraid's Mushk which earned her a  Lux Style Award for Best Actress Critics nomination.

She made her film debut with Nabeel Qureshi's romantic comedy Na Maloom Afraad and later appeared in Punjab Nahi Jaungi, directed by Nadeem Baig. In 2022, she is all set to make her debut as a producer with the romantic drama Tich Button.
Canon EOS-1D
The Canon EOS-1D is a professional digital single-lens reflex camera launched in November 2001 as part of Canon's flagship EOS-1 series. It was the first digital camera in the EOS-1 line, succeeding Canon's final flagship film camera, the 1V. It was also the first professional-level digital camera developed and released entirely by Canon, the previous D2000 being a collaborative effort with Kodak. It has a 1.3x crop factor with a CCDTooltip Charge-coupled device image sensor sourced from Panasonic. The camera shares its body design with the Canon EOS-1V 35mm camera (with the additional battery grip attached). It was complemented by the slower, higher-resolution 1Ds in 2002 and succeeded by the 1D Mark II in April 2004.

Canon EOS-1Ds
The EOS-1Ds is an 11.1-megapixel full-frame digital SLR camera body made by Canon in the 1Ds series, released on 24 September 2002 as Canon's first full-frame DSLR. Its dimensions are 156 x 157.6 x 79.9 mm (6.1 x 6.2 x 3.1 in.); weight without a battery is 1,265 g.

The ~11 megapixel, full size 35mm digital camera had higher megapixel resolution and larger frame size than most others. The price was US$7,999 in 2002 (equivalent to $13,984 in 2024).
Ahmad Sirhindi
Imām Rabbānī Shāykh Aḥmad ibn 'Abd al-Ahad al-Fārūqī al-Sirhindī Mūjaddīd al-Alf al-Thanī or simply known as Ahmad Sirhindi (1564 – 1624/1625) was an Indian Islamic scholar, Hanafi jurist, and member of the Naqshbandī Sufi order who lived during the era of Mughal Empire.

Ahmad Sirhindi opposed heterodox movements within the Mughal court such as Din-i Ilahi, in support of more orthodox forms of Islamic Law. His act of preserving and urging the practice of Islamic orthodoxy and challenging Akbar and later Jahangir by rejecting Din-i Ilahi has cemented his reputation among South Asian Muslims as a Mujaddid, or a "reviver".

While early and modern South Asian scholarship credited him for contributing to conservative trends in Indian Islam, more recent works, such as Abul Hasan Ali Hasani Nadwi and commentaries from western scholars such as Ter Haar, Friedman, and Buehler, have pointed to Sirhindi's significant contributions to Sufi epistemology and practices.

Khwaja Baqi Billah
Khwaja Baqi Billah (Persian: خواجه باقی بالله) also known as Khwaja Muhammad Baqi, with his pen name Berang, (14 July 1564– 29 November 1603), was a Sufi saint from Kabul. He was a disciple of Khwaja Muhammad Amkanagi and the pioneer of the Naqshbandi Order in the Indian subcontinent.
Hille–Yosida theorem
In functional analysis in mathematics, the Hille–Yosida theorem characterizes the generators of strongly continuous one-parameter semigroups of linear operators on Banach spaces. It is sometimes stated for the special case of contraction semigroups, with the general case being called the Feller–Miyadera–Phillips theorem (after William Feller, Isao Miyadera, and Ralph Phillips). The contraction semigroup case is widely used in the theory of Markov processes. In other scenarios, the closely related Lumer–Phillips theorem is often more useful in determining whether a given operator generates a strongly continuous contraction semigroup. The Hille–Yosida theorem is named after mathematicians Einar Hille and Kōsaku Yosida, who independently proved it around 1948.

Lumer–Phillips theorem
In mathematics, the Lumer–Phillips theorem, named after Günter Lumer and Ralph Phillips, is a result in the theory of strongly continuous semigroups that gives a necessary and sufficient condition for a linear operator in a Banach space to generate a contraction semigroup.
CarneyVale: Showtime
CarneyVale: Showtime is a vertical platformer developed by Singapore-MIT GAMBIT Game Lab and published by Microsoft Game Studios. It was initially released on Xbox Live Indie Games (then Xbox Live Community Games) on Xbox 360. Players play as Slinky, "a circus acrobat trying to rise up the ranks by performing acrobatic tricks and death-defying stunts through increasingly complex arenas".

The game won the 2008 Dream-Build-Play Challenge, was declared a finalist in the 2008 Independent Games Festival, and was featured as one of the PAX 10 top games at the 2009 Penny Arcade Expo.

Xbox Game Studios
Xbox Game Studios (previously known as Microsoft Studios, Microsoft Game Studios, and Microsoft Games) is an American video game publisher based in Redmond, Washington. It was established in March 2000, spun out from an internal Games Group, for the development and publishing of video games for Microsoft Windows. It has since expanded to include games and other interactive entertainment for the namesake Xbox platforms, other desktop operating systems, Windows Mobile and other mobile platforms, web-based portals, and other game consoles.

Xbox Game Studios, alongside ZeniMax Media and Activision Blizzard, are part of the Microsoft Gaming division led by Phil Spencer, who is chief executive officer of the division.
Marnitz Boshoff
Marnitz Louis Boshoff (born 11 January 1989) is a South African rugby union player who usually plays as a fly-half or fullback. He plays for the Bulls in Super Rugby, the Blue Bulls in the Currie Cup and the Blue Bulls XV in the Rugby Challenge, having previously played for South African provincial sides Griquas, the Blue Bulls and the Golden Lions in the Currie Cup and for Super Rugby side the Lions. He also had a short stint with Irish provincial side Connacht in the Pro14.

He played in a single test match for South Africa in 2014 and also featured for invitational side the Barbarians.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Palmanova
Palmanova (Friulian: Palme) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Regional decentralization entity of Udine in Friuli-Venezia Giulia, northeast Italy. The town is an example of a star fort of the late Renaissance, built by the Venetian Republic in 1593.

The fortifications were included in UNESCO's World Heritage Site list as part of Venetian Works of Defence between the 16th and 17th centuries: Stato da Terra – western Stato da Mar in 2017. Palmanova is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Friuli-Venezia Giulia
Friuli-Venezia Giulia (Italian: [friˈuːli veˈnɛttsja ˈdʒuːlja]) is one of the 20 regions of Italy and one of five autonomous regions with special statute. The regional capital is Trieste on the Gulf of Trieste, a bay of the Adriatic Sea.

Friuli-Venezia Giulia has a population of 1,194,095 in an area of 7,924.36 square kilometres (3,059.61 sq mi) as of 2025. A natural opening to the sea for many central European countries, the region is traversed by the major transport routes between the east and west of Southern Europe. It encompasses the historical-geographical region of Friuli and a small portion of the historical region of Venezia Giulia—also known in English as the Julian March—each with its own distinct history, traditions and identity.
Wovoka Wilderness
The Wovoka Wilderness is a wilderness area in Lyon County in the state of Nevada in the United States. Part of Humboldt–Toiyabe National Forest, Wovoka Wilderness was designated part of the National Wilderness Preservation System in December 2014. Totaling 49,018 acres (19,837 ha), it is the largest remaining tract of wilderness in Lyon County. Named after Wovoka, was Wovoka Wilderness' total acreage includes 23,000 acres (9,308 ha) that are protected from leasing and mining.

Wovoka
Wovoka (c. 1856 – September 20, 1932), also known as Jack Wilson, was the Paiute religious leader who founded a second episode of the Ghost Dance movement. Wovoka means "cutter" or "wood cutter" in the Northern Paiute language.
George W. Morton
George William Morton (July 5, 1793 – May 7, 1865) was an American politician who served as the Clerk of the Court for the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York under Judge Samuel Betts. He was the third Mayor of Hoboken, New Jersey, from 1858 to 1859.

Samuel Betts
Samuel Rossiter Betts (June 8, 1786 – November 3, 1868) was an American attorney, politician, and jurist who served as a United States representative from New York and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of New York.
Meredith Shaw
Meredith Shaw (born December 4, 1981) is a Canadian radio and television personality, model, body positivity activist, style expert, and singer-songwriter based in Toronto, Ontario. She was the co-host of CityTV's Breakfast Television from 2023 to 2025.

Body positivity
Body positivity is a social movement that promotes a positive view of all bodies, regardless of size, shape, skin tone, gender, and physical abilities. Proponents focus on the appreciation of the functionality and health of the human body instead of its physical appearance.

This is related to the concept of body neutrality, which posits that a person's bodily appearance should have the least possible effect on their experience of life.
Zeke Stane
Ezekiel "Zeke" Stane is a supervillain appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character is usually depicted as the son of Obadiah Stane and an enemy of Iron Man. Created by writer Matt Fraction and artist Barry Kitson, he first appeared in The Order #10 (April 2008).

Alden Ehrenreich portrays the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe Disney+ series Ironheart (2025).

Matt Fraction
Matt Fritchman (born December 1, 1975), better known by the pen name Matt Fraction, is an American comic book writer, known for his work as the writer of The Invincible Iron Man, FF, The Immortal Iron Fist, Uncanny X-Men, and Hawkeye for Marvel Comics; Casanova and Sex Criminals for Image Comics; and Superman's Pal Jimmy Olsen and Batman for DC Comics.
Rivière à Idas
The rivière à Idas (English: Idas River) is a tributary of the north bank of the upper part of the Bras du Nord-Ouest, flowing entirely in the town of Baie-Saint-Paul, in the Charlevoix Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

This valley is mainly served by a forest road going up the right bank of the watercourse, as well as by the chemin du rang de Saint-Placide Sud. Forestry is the main economic activity in this valley; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of the river in Idas is generally frozen from the beginning of December until the beginning of April; however, safe circulation on the ice is generally done from mid-December to the end of March. The water level of the river varies with the seasons and the precipitation; the spring flood generally occurs in April.

Rivière du Gouffre
The rivière du Gouffre (English: Pit Cave River) is a tributary of the left bank of the Saint-Laurent river, flowing into the Capitale-Nationale administrative region, Quebec (Canada). This watercourse flows through Regional County Municipality from:

Charlevoix-Est: unorganized territory of Mont-Élie (Lacoste township), municipalities of Saint-Aimé-des-Lacs and Notre-Dame-des-Monts;

Charlevoix Regional County Municipality: unorganized territory of Lac-Pibauka (Zec des Martres), municipality of Saint-Urbain and town of Baie-Saint-Paul.

This hydrographic slope has 185 lakes and 35 tributaries. The Zec des Martres attracts tens of thousands of visitors each year, particularly because of its mountain trails offering splendid views of the Gouffre River Valley, as well as sport fishing.
The United States of Insanity
The United States of Insanity is a documentary music film directed and produced by Tom Putnam and Brenna Sanchez. The film premiered at 2021 Fantastic Fest in Austin, Texas ahead of a theatrical release on October 26, 2021. It became available on streaming platforms on December 10, 2021.

At Film Threat's 2022 Award This! ceremony held on May 21 at the Frida Cinema, the film won in 'Music Documentary' category.

Film Threat
Film Threat is an American online film review publication, and earlier, a national magazine that focused primarily on independent film, although it also reviewed videos and DVDs of mainstream films, as well as Hollywood movies in theaters. It first appeared as a photocopied zine in 1985, created by Wayne State University students Chris Gore and André Seewood. In 1997, Film Threat was converted to a solely online resource.

The current incarnation of Film Threat accepts money from filmmakers who are looking for a way to promote their films. Since 2011, those seeking a review from the site can pay between $50 and $400 for varying levels of service, ranging from a "guaranteed review within 7–10 days" to a package that includes a guarantee of "100K minimum impressions".
Poorna Jagannathan
Poorna Jagannathan (/ˈpɔːrnə ˌdʒɑːɡəˈnɑːθən/ POR-nə JAH-gə-NAH-thən; born December 22, 1972) is an Indian-American producer and actress. She is known for her portrayal of Safar Khan in the HBO drama miniseries The Night Of, as well as for her role as Nalini Vishwakumar in the Netflix teen comedy series Never Have I Ever. She currently portrays Lucky in the Hulu crime comedy series Deli Boys.

Poorna also co-conceived, produced, and acted in the play Nirbhaya, which was considered "one of the most powerful and urgent pieces of human rights theatre ever made," and is regarded as a critical moment in India's history of women's empowerment.

Poorna was named among the "Top 100 Most Impactful Asians" in America in 2021, 2022 and 2025 by Goldhouse. People magazine featured her in their 2024 “The Beautiful Issue” while Verve magazine named her among the top 50 most powerful women in India in 2014.

Verve (Indian magazine)
Verve is one of India's premier and home-grown, English-language digital luxury and lifestyle magazines for women.

The magazine has announced that they are not accepting new subscriptions for the print edition and will release a set of subscription packages for the "new normal". Magzter lists the April–May 2020 edition of the magazine as its last print edition. Verve continues to publish new articles on their website.