hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William France Sr. (cabinetmaker)
William France Sr. was born in the small agricultural village of Whittington, six miles north of Lancaster, where he was christened on 7 January 1727 the second son of Edward, a yeoman farmer, and Agnes France. His elder brother, John, was christened on 27 March 1725 and was apprenticed to a cabinetmaker in Lancaster where he married Elizabeth Townson the daughter of John Townson, a joiner, in 1747.

Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha
Princess Augusta of Saxe-Gotha-Altenburg (30 November [O.S. 19 November] 1719 – 8 February 1772) was Princess of Wales by marriage to Frederick, Prince of Wales, eldest son and heir apparent of King George II. She never became queen consort, as Frederick predeceased his father in 1751. Augusta's eldest son succeeded her father-in-law as George III in 1760. After her spouse died, Augusta was the presumptive regent of Great Britain in the event of a regency, until her son reached majority in 1756.
First Gutwein ministry
The First Gutwein Ministry was a Ministry of the Government of Tasmania, led by Peter Gutwein of the Tasmanian Liberals. It was formed on 20 January 2020, after the resignation of Will Hodgman as Premier of Tasmania and the election of Gutwein as Liberal leader. It was replaced by the Second Gutwein Ministry following the 2021 state election.

Second Gutwein ministry
The Second Gutwein Ministry is a former ministry of the Government of Tasmania, led by Peter Gutwein of the Tasmanian Liberals. It was formed on 19 May 2021, after the Liberal Party won the 2021 Tasmanian state election. The ministry dissolved on 8 April 2022, after Gutwein resigned from his premiership and quit politics, and was succeeded by the Rockliff ministry.
Merger of Korean Air and Asiana Airlines
The merger of Korean Air and Asiana Airlines was a policy announced by the government of South Korea in November 2020, which resulted in Korean Air absorbing Asiana Airlines creating a dominant carrier in South Korea. The merger was completed on December 12, 2024, following approval from fair-competition authorities globally.

On March 11, 2025, Korean Air announced that Asiana Airlines brand will be phased out by the end of 2026. Additionally, Korean Air unveiled the new logo and livery for the first time in 41 years that designed by Lippincott to symbolize the integration between two airlines.

Jin Air
Jin Air Co., Ltd. (Korean: 진에어; RR: Jin E-eo) is a South Korean low-cost airline. As of April 2018, it operates flights to six domestic cities and 26 international destinations. It launched its first long haul route, between Incheon and Honolulu, in December 2015. It has operated cargo services since November 2013. Jin Air is the first widebody LCC operator in Korea.

In 2018, Jin Air was South Korea's second-largest low-cost carrier, carried 3.5 million domestic and 5.4 million international passengers, and accounted for an 11% share of the domestic market and a 6% share of the international market. Jin Air's domestic traffic was also lower over the preceding three years because it has focused on the international market.
Cello Sonata (Prokofiev)
The Cello Sonata in C major, Op. 119, was composed by Sergei Prokofiev in 1949. The year before, Prokofiev was accused of formalism by the Zhdanov Decree and much of his music was banned. However, he continued to compose music, though he was not sure if his new works would ever be performed in public.

In 1949, Prokofiev attended a concert in which Mstislav Rostropovich performed Nikolai Miaskovsky's Cello Sonata No. 2 in A minor, Op. 81. Prokofiev was so impressed by Rostropovich's performance that he was determined to write a cello sonata for him. At the same time, Prokofiev wrote the symphonic suite Winter Bonfire, Op. 122, the ballet The Tale of the Stone Flower, Op. 118, and the Pushkin Waltzes, Op. 120. The Cello Sonata was published in Moscow in 1951.

Cello sonata
A cello sonata is a piece written in sonata form, often with the instrumentation of a cello taking solo role with piano accompaniment. Some of the earliest cello sonatas were composed in the 18th century by Francesco Geminiani and Antonio Vivaldi; subsequent famous cello sonatas include those by Johannes Brahms, Ludwig van Beethoven, Felix Mendelssohn, Fryderyk Chopin, and Richard Strauss.

The following list contains cello sonatas with or without accompanying instruments. See the See also list for more comprehensive lists divided up into solo and accompanied works.
Aegidienberg
Aegidienberg (Ripuarian: Jillienberch or Jillienberg) is a borough (Stadtbezirk) of Bad Honnef in the Rhein-Sieg-Kreis, North Rhine-Westphalia, Germany. It consists of thirteen villages and is located east of the Siebengebirge range in the Niederwesterwald foothills. Until 1969, Aegidienberg was an independent municipality in the former district (Kreis) of Sieg. The name refers to Saint Aegidius, the patron saint of the local Catholic parish church; until the 16th century, the locality was known as Hunferode or Honnefer Rott. Population: 7089 (2013).

Duchy of Berg
Berg (German pronunciation: [bɛʁk] ⓘ) was a state—originally a county, later a duchy—in the Rhineland of Germany. Its capital was Düsseldorf. It existed as a distinct political entity from the early 12th to the 19th centuries. It was a member state of the Holy Roman Empire.

The name of the county lives on in the modern geographic term Bergisches Land, often misunderstood as bergiges Land (hilly country).
1,4-Dimethylamylamine
1,4-Dimethylamylamine (1,4-DMAA), also known as 1,4-dimethylpentylamine or as 5-methylhexan-2-amine, is a stimulant drug of the alkylamine family related to methylhexanamine (1,3-DMAA; geranamine). It is naturally present in geranium plants and has also been found in certain other plants.

1,4-DMAA has been identified in dietary supplements. It produces sympathomimetic effects in animals and humans. 1,4-DMAA and other alkylamine stimulants may act as catecholamine releasing agents. Unlike octodrine and methylhexanamine, 1,4-DMAA has never been used as a pharmaceutical drug.

Sympathomimetic drug
Sympathomimetic drugs (also known as adrenergic drugs and adrenergic amines) are stimulant compounds which mimic the effects of endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system. Examples of sympathomimetic effects include increases in heart rate, force of cardiac contraction, and blood pressure. The primary endogenous agonists of the sympathetic nervous system are the catecholamines (i.e., epinephrine [adrenaline], norepinephrine [noradrenaline], and dopamine), which function as both neurotransmitters and hormones. Sympathomimetic drugs are used to treat cardiac arrest and low blood pressure, delay premature labor, psychiatric conditions such as ADHD, neurological conditions such as narcolepsy, among other things.

These drugs can act through several mechanisms, such as directly activating postsynaptic receptors, blocking breakdown and reuptake of certain neurotransmitters, or stimulating production and release of catecholamines.
Bae Hee-han
Bae Hee-han (Korean: 배희한; Hanja: 裵喜漢; June 19, 1907 - November 5, 1997) was a South Korean master carpenter who built hanok.  He built the Donamjang house.  In 1982, he was designated as the holder of Daemokjang (대목장(大木匠)), the 74th South Korean Important Intangible Cultural Property.

Hanok
A hanok (Korean: 한옥; name in South Korea) or chosŏnjip (조선집; name in North Korea and for Koreans in Yanbian, China) is a traditional Korean house. Hanok were first designed and built in the 14th century during the Joseon dynasty.

Korean architecture considers the positioning of the house in relation to its surroundings, with thought given to the land and seasons. The interior of the house is also planned accordingly. This principle is called baesanimsu (배산임수; 背山臨水), meaning that the ideal house is built with a mountain in the back and a river in the front. Hanok shapes differ by region. In the cold northern regions of Korea, hanok are built in a square with a courtyard in the middle in order to retain heat better. In the south, hanok are more open and L-shaped.
Microtus (Pitymys)
Pitymys is a subgenus of voles in the genus Microtus. Species in this subgenus are:

Guatemalan vole (Microtus guatemalensis)

Tarabundí vole (Microtus oaxacensis)

Woodland vole (Microtus pinetorum)

Jalapan pine vole (Microtus quasiater)

Voles of this subgenus often show more adaptations for a fossorial mode of life.

Vole
Voles are small rodents that are relatives of lemmings and hamsters, but with a stouter body; a longer, hairy tail; a slightly rounder head; smaller eyes and ears; and differently formed molars (high-crowned with angular cusps instead of low-crowned with rounded cusps). They are sometimes known as meadow mice or field mice.

Vole species form the subfamily Arvicolinae with the lemmings and the muskrats. There are approximately 155 different vole species.
Qiufu Youdi
Qiufu Youdi (Chinese: 丘浮尤鞮), born Mo, was the brother and successor of Sutuhu as the chanyu of the Southern Xiongnu. He participated in the expedition against the Northern Xiongnu in 49 AD and became chanyu in 56 AD. Qiufu Youti ruled for only one year before he died and was succeeded by his brother Yifayulüti.

Chanyu
Chanyu (simplified Chinese: 单于; traditional Chinese: 單于; pinyin: Chányú) or Shanyu (Chinese: 善于), short for Chengli Gutu Chanyu (Chinese: 撐犁孤塗單于; pinyin: Chēnglí Gūtu Chányú), was the title used by the supreme rulers of Inner Asian nomads for eight centuries  until superseded by the title "Khagan" in 402 AD.  The title was most famously used by the ruling Luandi clan of the Xiongnu during the Qin dynasty (221–206 BC) and Han dynasty (206 BC – 220 AD).  It was later also used infrequently by the Chinese as a reference to Tujue leaders.
Breydon Bridge
The Breydon Bridge is a single-span drawbridge carrying the A47 Great Yarmouth bypass across the River Yare close to Breydon Water.  It follows the route of the former railway Breydon Viaduct which was closed in 1953 and was demolished by 1963. Completed in 1985, an average of 31,000 vehicles cross the bridge each day.

When built in 1985, the bridge was allocated the road number A12, which ran from London to Great Yarmouth via Lowestoft and Ipswich/A14. In February 2017, the A12 from Great Yarmouth to Lowestoft was reallocated the number A47 as a Southern extension of the latter road. This left the Breydon Bridge carrying the number A47 which continues to Lowestoft before terminating at the Gull Wing Bridge, where it then links to the A12.

Lowestoft
Lowestoft (/ˈloʊ(ɪ)stɒft, ˈloʊstəf/ LOH-(ih)-stoft, LOH-stəf) is a coastal town and civil parish in the East Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. As the most easterly UK settlement, it is 38 miles (61 km) north-east of Ipswich and 22 miles (35 km) south-east of Norwich, and the main town in its district. Its development grew with the fishing industry and as a seaside resort with wide sandy beaches. As fishing declined, oil and gas exploitation in the North Sea in the 1960s took over. In 2021 the built-up area had a population of 71,327 and the parish had a population of 47,879.
Juan Carrasco (apologist)
Juan Carrasco (died c. 1670) was an apologist, of Marrano parentage. He was born in Madrid and is sometimes called Carrasco of Madrid.

Carrasco had first been an Augustinian friar at Burgos and an excellent preacher.

Later, on a journey to Rome, he became a convert to Judaism at Livorno.

He was familiar with the writings of Nahmanides, Isaac Abravanel, and others, and while in Holland (probably at Amsterdam, where he was circumcised) he wrote in Spanish his "Apology of Judaism." This work was published at Nodriza (The Hague) in 1633, and was later incorporated in the "Coleccion de Reformadores Españoles" published by Benjamin Wiffen, who believed Carrasco to have been a Protestant.

Isaac Abarbanel
Isaac ben Judah Abarbanel (Hebrew: יצחק בן יהודה אברבנאל;‎ 1437–1508), commonly referred to as Abarbanel (Hebrew: אַבַּרבְּנְאֵל; also spelled Abravanel, Avravanel or Abrabanel), was a Portuguese Jewish statesman, philosopher, Bible commentator, and financier.
Elena Besley
Elena Besley (née Bichoutskaia) FRSC is a British scientist who is Professor of Theoretical and Computational Chemistry at the University of Nottingham. She holds a Royal Society Wolfson Fellowship and is Associate Editor of Nano Letters.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Liz Magill
Mary Elizabeth Magill (born 1966) is an American legal scholar. She served as the 9th president of the University of Pennsylvania from July 2022 to December 2023. Prior to that she was executive vice president and provost of the University of Virginia from 2019 to 2022. Before heading to Virginia, she spent over 7 years as the 13th dean of Stanford Law School from 2012 to 2019. She was announced as the incoming dean of Georgetown University Law Center on August 1, 2026.

University of Pennsylvania Law School
The University of Pennsylvania Carey Law School (abbreviated as Penn Carey Law or Penn Law) is the law school of the University of Pennsylvania, a private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Penn Carey Law offers the degrees of Juris Doctor (J.D.), Master of Laws (LL.M.), Master of Comparative Laws (LL.C.M.), Master in Law (M.L.), and Doctor of the Science of Law (S.J.D.).

The entering class typically consists of approximately 250 students. Penn Carey Law's 2020 weighted first-time bar passage rate was 98.5 percent. For the class of 2024, 49 percent of students were women, 40 percent identified as persons of color, and 12 percent of students enrolled with an advanced degree.
Belfast–Derry line
The Belfast–Derry line (referred to as the Derry~Londonderry Line by NI Railways) is an intercity railway line, running from Belfast to Derry in Northern Ireland. It is the westernmost railway line in the United Kingdom. Like all other railway lines in Northern Ireland, it is not electrified and all trains are diesel-powered.

Castlerock railway station
Castlerock railway station serves the villages of Castlerock, Articlave and their surrounding hamlets in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland.  Walkers use the station to reach Mussenden Temple, Downhill Strand and Benone.

The station opened on 18 July 1853 and was built to a design by the architect Charles Lanyon. It comprised a single-storey red brick on the 'up' platform. There is a modern two storey addition to this in a similar style.

As part of works to upgrade the Coleraine-Derry railway line, the passing loop at Castlerock station was discontinued and replaced with a new loop at Bellarena. The station signal box which was the last full-time mechanical signal box on the NIR network and the last to use block tokens was subsequently closed on 2 November 2016. The down platform, despite receiving a complete refurbishment two years prior, has now been taken out of service and the track lifted. All services calling at Castlerock now use the former up platform.
Tomaso Schiavo
Tomaso Schiavo or Thomaso Schiavo di Lebano (Italian: Tommaso Schiavo; "Thomas the Slav"; fl. 1470) was a Venetian Dalmatian captain and mercenary commander that participated in the Ottoman–Venetian War (1463–79). He commanded a mercenary unit numbering 500 men largely recruited from Dalmatia. During the 1470 Ottoman siege of Venetian Negroponte the Venetians uncovered that he had sent envoys to the Ottomans; a deep conspiracy was unearthed and Schiavo's associates were arrested. His brother was tortured to death, giving up plans of an Ottoman attack. Schiavo, unknowing, was summoned by Erizzo and then killed.

Francesco Erizzo
Francesco Erizzo (Venice, 18 February 1566 – Venice, 3 January 1646) was the 98th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 10 April 1631 until his death fifteen years later. His reign is particularly notable because the last year of his reign saw the beginning of a war with the Ottoman Empire for control of Crete that would last for 24 years and dominate the geopolitics of the Mediterranean.
Luban languages
The Luban languages are a group of Bantu languages spoken by the Luba people in the south of DRC Congo, established by Christine Ahmed (1995). They constitute half of Guthrie's Zone L. The languages, or clusters, along with their Guthrie identifications, are:

Yazi (L20)

Songe (Songye), Binji (L20)

Hemba: Hemba (L20), Kebwe (L30), Bangubangu of Kabambare (D20)

Luba (L30): Kaonde (L40), Kete (L20), Kanyok, Luba-Kasai (TshiLuba), Luba-Katanga (KiLuba)–Sanga–Zela, Bangubangu (of Mutingua only, D20)

The remaining L20 (Songe) languages, Lwalu, Luna, and Budya, presumably belong here.

Songe language
Songe, also known as Songye, Kisonge, Lusonge, Yembe, and Northeast Luba, is a Bantu language spoken by the Songye people in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Ethnologue notes that Songe is "related" to Mbagani, which they do not include in their database. Maho (2009) labels as "Mbagani (Binji)" one of the two geographic areas Ethnologue assigns to Songe, but says that it is closer to Lwalu; he says that it is a different language, Binji, that is close to Songe.
Edward D. Maryon
Edward Deloy Maryon (April 5, 1931 – March 9, 2005) was an American painter and educator. He taught art at his alma mater, the University of Utah, from 1957 to 1991, and he was the dean of its College of Fine Arts from 1964 to 1981. He painted watercolors. According to Utah Art, Utah Artists: 150 Year Survey, "His paintings are representational but contemporary in that the colors are modified and intensified, as is the light and shade, and space is used in an arbitrary way. The subject matter is stylized freely to enhance the abstract quality of the work."

David O. McKay
David Oman McKay (September 8, 1873 – January 18, 1970) was an American religious leader and educator who served as the ninth president of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) from 1951 until his death in 1970. Ordained an apostle and member of the Quorum of the Twelve Apostles in 1906, McKay was an active general authority for nearly 64 years, longer than anyone else in LDS Church history. (Eldred G. Smith was a general authority for 66 years, but only served actively for 32 years, prior to being designated as emeritus.)
Scouting and Guiding in Réunion
Scouting and Guiding on Réunion is served by at least three French Scout and Guide associations. There is an overseas branch of the Scouts et Guides de France called the Scouts et Guides de France, territoire de la Réunion as well as groups of the Scouts unitaires de France and of the Association des Guides et Scouts d'Europe.

The Scout Motto is Sois Prêt (Be Prepared) or Toujours Prêt (Always Prepared) in French, depending on the organization.

Scouts et Guides de France
Scouts et Guides de France (Scouts and Guides of France, SGdF) is the largest Scouting and Guiding association in France. It was formed on 1 September 2004 from the merger of two Roman Catholic Scouting organizations: the Guides de France (founded in 1923) and the Scouts de France (SdF, founded 25 July 1920). Through Scoutisme Français, SGdF is a member of both WOSM and WAGGGS.

SGdF claims 61,181 youth members and 27,399 volunteers in 863 local groups. It is active in the rebirth of Scouting in Ukraine and Belarus and strengthening Scouting in French Polynesia. The National Centre of the association is at Chateau de Jambville which is 50 km southwest of Paris.
Thomas Hendricks Sr.
Thomas Hendricks (1773–1835) was born in Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania on January 28, 1773. He was the brother of William Hendricks and father of Abram Hendricks, the uncle of William Hendricks Jr., future U.S. Vice President Thomas A. Hendricks, and Abram W. Hendricks. Hendricks founded Greensburg, Indiana in 1821, which was named by his wife, Elizabeth, in 1822.

Hendricks served as a member of Indiana House of Representatives from 1823 until 1825 and again from 1827 until 1831. He was also member of Indiana State Senate from 1831 until 1834.  He died in Greensburg, Indiana March 31, 1835.

Indiana House of Representatives
The Indiana House of Representatives is the lower house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The House is composed of 100 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. House members serve two-year terms without term limits. According to the 2010 U.S. census, each State House district contains an average of 64,838 people.

The House convenes at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis.
WiMedia Alliance
The WiMedia Alliance was a non-profit industry trade group that promoted the adoption, regulation, standardization and multi-vendor interoperability of ultra-wideband (UWB) technologies. It existed from about 2002 through 2009.

Data-rate units
In telecommunications, data rate units are commonly multiples of bits per second (bit/s) and bytes per second (B/s). For example, the data rates of modern residential high-speed Internet connections are commonly expressed in megabits per second (Mbit/s).
They are used as units of measurement for expressing data transfer rate, the average number of bits (bit rate), characters or symbols (symbol rate), or data blocks per unit time passing through a communication link in a data-transmission system.
Dasius of Durostorum
Dasius of Durostorum (Bulgarian: Дазий Доростолски, Greek: Δάσιος ο μάρτυρας) is a Christian martyr of the early 4th century AD. 
He was a Roman soldier of Legio XI Claudiana at Durostorum (modern Silistra), Moesia Inferior who was beheaded in the early 4th century after his refusal to take the part of "king" in the local Saturnalia celebrations.

Legio XI Claudia
Legio XI Claudia ("Claudius' Eleventh Legion") was a legion of the Imperial Roman army. The legion was levied by Julius Caesar for his campaign against the Nervii. XI Claudia dates back to the two legions (the other was the XIIth) recruited by Julius Caesar to invade Gallia in 58 BC, and it existed at least until the early 5th century, guarding lower Danube in Durostorum (modern Silistra, Bulgaria).
2000 IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships
The 2000 IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships was the second IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships held between March 20, 2000 and March 25, 2000 at the E Center in West Valley City, Utah, United States. The same place where would host the same sport two years later as the first test event for the Paralympic Winter Games in 2002. Participating countries: Canada, Estonia, Japan, Norway, Sweden and United States.

World Para Ice Hockey Championships
The World Para Ice Hockey Championships, known before 30 November 2016 as the IPC Ice Sledge Hockey World Championships, are the world championships for sledge hockey. They are organised by the International Paralympic Committee through its World Para Ice Hockey subcommittee.

The first sanctioned World Para Ice Hockey Championships were held in Nynäshamn, Sweden in 1996.

On 30 November 2016, the IPC, which serves as the international governing body for 10 disability sports, adopted the "World Para" branding across all of those sports. At the same time, it changed the official name of the sport from "sledge hockey" to "Para Ice hockey". The name of the world championships was immediately changed to "World Para Ice Hockey Championships" (WPIHC).