hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Devin Aromashodu
Gbolahan Devin Aromashodu (uh-ROHM-uh-shuh-doo; born September 25, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Miami Dolphins in the seventh round of the 2006 NFL draft. He played college football for the Auburn Tigers.

Aromashodu was also a member of the Indianapolis Colts, Houston Texans, Washington Redskins, Chicago Bears, and Minnesota Vikings.

Ron Turner (American football)
Ronald David Turner (born December 5, 1953) is an American former football coach and player. He most recently served an offensive consultant with the Carolina Panthers of the National Football League (NFL) in 2017. He was the head coach at FIU from 2013 to 2016. Turner served as the head football coach at San Jose State University in 1992, and the University of Illinois Urbana–Champaign from 1997 to 2004. He also had two separate stints as the offensive coordinator for the Chicago Bears, the first from 1993 to 1996, and most recently from 2005 to 2009.
2011–12 New York Knicks season
The 2011–12 New York Knicks season was the 66th season of the franchise in the National Basketball Association (NBA). The Knicks finished the regular season with a 36–30 record and a seventh place in the Eastern Conference to reach the 2012 NBA Playoffs where they lost in the first round against the eventual NBA champion Miami Heat in five games. Notable events of the season included coach Mike D'Antoni's resignation, the surge in popularity of 23-year-old point guard Jeremy Lin during a seven-game winning streak ("Linsanity"), and the Knicks winning their first playoff game since 2001 against the Miami Heat, snapping an NBA-record 13-game playoff losing streak.

2012 NBA playoffs
The 2012 NBA playoffs was the postseason tournament of the National Basketball Association's 2011–12 season. The tournament concluded with the Eastern Conference champion Miami Heat defeating the Western Conference champion Oklahoma City Thunder, 4 games to 1 in the NBA Finals. LeBron James was named NBA Finals MVP.
Parry–Daniels map
In mathematics, the Parry–Daniels map is a function studied in the context of dynamical systems. Typical questions concern the existence of an invariant or ergodic measure for the map.

It is named after the English mathematician Bill Parry and the British statistician Henry Daniels, who independently studied the map in papers published in 1962.

Invariant measure
In mathematics, an invariant measure is a measure that is preserved by some function. The function may be a geometric transformation. For examples, circular angle is invariant under rotation, hyperbolic angle is  invariant under squeeze mapping, and a difference of slopes is invariant under shear mapping.

Ergodic theory is the study of invariant measures in dynamical systems. The Krylov–Bogolyubov theorem proves the existence of invariant measures under certain conditions on the function and space under consideration.
Torpedo Bay, New Zealand
Torpedo Bay (Māori: Te Hau Kapua) is a bay on the southern coast of Devonport, New Zealand between North Head (Maungauika) and Devonport Beach, close to the mouth of the Waitematā Harbour. The bay is home to the Torpedo Bay Navy Museum.

Waitematā Harbour
The Waitematā Harbour is the main access by sea to Auckland, New Zealand. The harbour forms the northern and eastern coasts of the Auckland isthmus and is crossed by the Auckland Harbour Bridge. It is matched on the southern side of the city by the shallower waters of the Manukau Harbour.

With an area of 70 square miles (180 km2), it connects the city's main port and the Auckland waterfront to the Hauraki Gulf and the Pacific Ocean. It is sheltered from Pacific storms by Auckland's North Shore, Rangitoto Island, and Waiheke Island.
Noordse Dorp
Noordse Dorp is a village in the Dutch province of South Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Nieuwkoop, and lies about 10 km north of Woerden.

The statistical area "Noordse Dorp", which also can include the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 60.

Nieuwkoop
Nieuwkoop (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈniukoːp] ⓘ) is a town and municipality in the western Netherlands, in the province of South Holland. The municipality was enlarged on 1 January 2007, through the amalgamation of Liemeer and Ter Aar. The municipality now covers an area of 91.16 km2 (35.20 sq mi) of which 13.11 km2 (5.06 sq mi) is water. Its population was 29,151 in 2021.

On May 3, 2008, the Dutch newspaper Algemeen Dagblad published an article which stated that Nieuwkoop is the safest municipality of the Netherlands.

The municipality of Nieuwkoop includes the following communities:
Christopher Reitz
Christopher Reitz (born 3 April 1973 in Frankfurt am Main, Hessen) is a German field hockey goalkeeper, who represented Germany in the 1992, 1996 and 2000 Summer Olympics. He is now an orthopaedic surgeon in Sydney, Australia.

Men's FIH Hockey World Cup
The Men's FIH Hockey World Cup is an international field hockey competition organised by the International Hockey Federation. The tournament was started in 1971. It is held every four years, bridging the four years between the Summer Olympics. Pakistan is the most successful team, having won the tournament four times. The Netherlands, Australia, and Germany have each won three titles. Belgium and India have both won the tournament once.

The 2023 tournament was held in Bhubaneswar and Rourkela, India from 13 to 29 January. Germany defeated Belgium in a penalty shoot-out 5–4 after the match ended in a 3–3 draw to win their third World Cup title. The World Cup expanded to 16 teams in 2018.
Anne Lumsden
Anne Lumsden, is a former Indian field hockey player from Bengal and member of Indian women's hockey team. She was the first Indian hockey player to get an Arjuna Award in 1961. She was a forward. She was part of the Senior India women's team that visited Australia in 1956 and Sri Lanka in 1960 and 1962. She top scored in the first Sri Lankan tour where India won all the matches.

Born in an Anglo-Indian family, Anne also played tennis and was part of Charnock House at La Martiniere for Girls, Calcutta (now Kolkata).

Prithipal Singh is the other first hockey player from the Indian men's hockey team who got the Award when Arjuna Awards were instituted in 1961. Anne was a compatriot of Elvera Britto.

Prithipal Singh
Prithipal Singh (28 January 1932 – 20 May 1983) was an Indian field hockey player who played as a halfback. He was a member of the India national team that won a gold medal at the 1964 Tokyo Olympics, and silver and bronze at the 1960 Rome Olympics and bronze at the 1968 Mexico Olympics respectively.

Singh was nicknamed the 'King of short corner' by hockey commentators. He was known for sharp reflexes, tremendous strength in his long and powerful arms produced firm and sticking shots which unfailingly fetched him goals and often the winners. The Evening Post (New Zealand) commented in 1961 that to face the fury of Prithipal's hit is to risk one's life. Another author commented that if Arjuna was the maharathi (great warrior) of the Mahabharata war, Prithipal was the maharathi of the International Hockey game. The first-ever Arjuna Award to a hockey player was conferred upon him in 1961, which was later followed by the Padma Shri in 1967.
Lower Sioux Agency
The Lower Sioux Agency, or Redwood Agency, was the federal administrative center for the Lower Sioux Indian Reservation in what became Redwood County, Minnesota, United States.  It was the site of the Battle of Lower Sioux Agency on August 18, 1862, the first organized battle of the Dakota War of 1862.

Today it is a historic site managed by the Lower Sioux Community in partnership with the Minnesota Historical Society. In February 2021, ownership of half of the site was transferred from the historical society to the Lower Sioux Community. The site contains an interpretive center, self-guided trails, and a restored 1861 stone warehouse that is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate
The Sisseton Wahpeton Oyate of the Lake Traverse Reservation (Dakota: Skiskiṭuŋwaŋ Waȟpéthuŋwaŋ Oyáte), formerly Sisseton-Wahpeton Sioux Tribe/Dakota Nation, is a federally recognized tribe comprising two bands and two subdivisions of the Isanti or Santee Dakota people. They are on the Lake Traverse Reservation in northeast South Dakota.
Noah Hathaway
Noah Leslie Hathaway (born November 13, 1971) is an American actor and a former teen idol. He is best known for his roles as Atreyu in the 1984 film The NeverEnding Story and for portraying Boxey on the original television series Battlestar Galactica.  His work in The NeverEnding Story made him particularly popular as a teen idol in Europe.

Teen idol
A teen idol is a celebrity with a large teenage fan base. Teen idols are generally young but are not necessarily teenagers themselves. An idol's popularity may be limited to teens, or may extend to all age groups.
Antihumanism
In social theory and philosophy, antihumanism or anti-humanism is a theory that is critical of traditional humanism and its traditional ideas about humanity and the human condition. Central to antihumanism is the view that philosophical anthropology and its concepts of "human nature", "man" or "humanity" should be rejected as historically relative, ideological or metaphysical.

Langue and parole
Langue and parole is a theoretical linguistic dichotomy distinguished by Ferdinand de Saussure in his Course in General Linguistics.

The French term langue ('[an individual] language') encompasses the abstract, systematic rules and conventions of a signifying system; it is independent of, and pre-exists, the individual user. It involves the principles of language, without which no meaningful utterance, or parole, would be possible.

In contrast, parole ('speech') refers to the concrete instances of the use of langue, including texts which provide the ordinary research material for linguistics.
Classical unities
The classical unities, Aristotelian unities, or three unities represent a prescriptive theory of dramatic tragedy that was introduced in Italy in the 16th century and was influential for three centuries. The three unities are:

unity of action: a tragedy should have one principal action.

unity of time: the action in a tragedy should occur over a period of no more than 24 hours.

unity of place: a tragedy should exist in a single physical location.

Joseph Addison
Joseph Addison (1 May 1672 – 17 June 1719) was a British writer and politician. He was the eldest son of Lancelot Addison. His name is usually remembered alongside that of his long-standing friend Richard Steele, with whom he founded The Spectator magazine. His simple prose style marked the end of the mannerisms and conventional classical images of the 17th century. Addison is also famous for his play Cato, a Tragedy.
Kenny White
Kenny White is a New York City–based singer-songwriter, studio musician, and writer.  
For many years, White was a fixture in the NY studio scene, writing and producing hundreds of commercials for TV and radio. In this capacity, he worked with artists like Gladys Knight, Linda Ronstadt, Dwight Yoakam, Ricky Skaggs, Kim Carnes, Felix Cavaliere, Dobie Gray, Mavis Staples and Aaron Neville among many others.

Felix Cavaliere
Felix Cavaliere (born November 29, 1942) is an American musician. He is best known for being the co-lead vocalist and keyboard player for The Young Rascals.

Although he was a member of Joey Dee and the Starliters, known for their hit "Peppermint Twist", he is best known for his association with the Young Rascals during the 1960s. The other members of the Rascals were Eddie Brigati, Dino Danelli and Gene Cornish. Cavaliere sang vocals on six of their successful singles and played the Hammond B-3 organ.
A Book on Angling
A Book on Angling – Being a complete treatise on the art of angling in every branch is a work of angling literature with significant fly fishing content written by Francis Francis, angling editor to The Field and published in London in 1867 by Longmans, Green and Company.

Arnold Gingrich
Arnold W. Gingrich (December 5, 1903 – July 9, 1976) was the editor of, and, along with publisher David A. Smart and Henry L. Jackson, co-founder of Esquire magazine. Among his other projects was the political/newsmagazine Ken.
2018 Oceania Rugby Under 20 Championship
The 2018 Oceania Rugby Under 20s, was the fourth edition of the Oceania Rugby Junior Championship. Tonga played in the tournament for the first time, replacing Samoa from the previous year and joining  Fiji, New Zealand and hosts Australia at Bond University on the Gold Coast.

The Oceania Championship was played over three rounds in nine days, with New Zealand defeating Australia by 43–28 in the last match of the round-robin tournament to take the title.

Oceania Rugby Under 20 Championship
The Oceania Rugby Under 20 Championship is an international rugby union competition organised by Oceania Rugby, which is the regional governing body for rugby in Oceania. It is contested by men's junior national teams with an under-20 age requirement, and played as two tournaments: the Oceania Championship for teams that qualify for the World Championship; and the Oceania Trophy for teams aiming to compete in the World Rugby U20 Trophy.
Slovenian Democratic Union
The Slovenian Democratic Union (Slovene: Slovenska demokratična zveza, acronym SDZ) was a Slovene liberal political party, active between 1989 and 1991, during the democratization and the secession of the Republic of Slovenia from Yugoslavia.

Socialist Republic of Slovenia
The Socialist Republic of Slovenia (Slovene: Socialistična republika Slovenija, Serbo-Croatian: Socijalistička Republika Slovenija / Социјалистичка Република Словенија), commonly referred to as Socialist Slovenia or simply Slovenia, was one of the six federal republics forming Yugoslavia and the nation state of the Slovenes. It existed under various names from its creation on 29 November 1945 until 25 June 1991.

In early 1990, the government dismantled the single-party system of government – installed by the League of Communists – and adopted a multi-party democracy. Republic of Slovenia dropped the 'Socialist' label shortly after and in late 1990 cast a successful public vote for independence, which it formally declared on 25 June 1991 and achieved after the brief Ten-Day War.
Stockton, Worfield
Stockton is a village and civil parish 17 miles (27 km) south east of Shrewsbury, in the Shropshire district, in the county of Shropshire, England. The parish includes the village of Norton and the hamlet of Higford. In 2011, the parish had a population of 331. The parish touches Astley Abbotts, Badger, Barrow, Beckbury, Broseley, Sutton Maddock and Worfield.

Broseley
Broseley (/broʊzliː/) is a market town in Shropshire, England, with a population of 4,929 at the 2011 Census and an estimate of 5,022 in 2019. The River Severn flows to its north and east. The first iron bridge in the world was built in 1779 across the Severn, linking Broseley with Coalbrookdale and Madeley. This contributed to the early industrial development in the Ironbridge Gorge, which is now part of a World Heritage Site.
2023 GT4 European Series
The 2023 GT4 European Series is the sixteenth season of the GT4 European Series, a Sports car racing championship organised by Stéphane Ratel Organisation (SRO). The season began at Monza on 22 April, and will end at Barcelona on 1 October.

GT4 European Series
The GT4 European Series is a sports car championship featuring production-based GT4 vehicles, organised by the SRO Motorsports Group. It is a Pro/Am series and serves as a primary support series for the GT World Challenge Europe.
Fangtian Ji
Fangtian ji (Chinese: 方天戟, or Traditional Chinese: 方天畫戟; pinyin: Fāngtiān huàjǐ) is a term in Chinese cultural and literary tradition for a distinctive type of ji, a class of polearms that combine spear- and blade-like elements.

In popular usage, fangtian ji is most commonly understood as a highly ornamented, halberd-like polearm, featuring a central spear point with additional symmetrical side blades on both sides, and is especially famous as the signature weapon attributed to the warlord Lü Bu in later retellings and fictions of Three Kingdoms period. The weapon is widely recognized in Chinese opera, folklore, martial-arts performance, and modern media, though the term's exact historical form and standardization are not uniform across sources.

Ji (polearm)
The ji (pronunciation: [tɕì], English approximation: /dʒiː/ jee, Chinese: 戟; pinyin: jǐ) was a Chinese polearm, sometimes translated into English as spear or halberd, though they are conceptually different weapons. They were used in one form or another for over 3000 years, from at least as early as the Zhou dynasty, until the end of the Qing dynasty. They are still used for training in many Chinese martial arts.
Boralday
Boralday (Kazakh: Боралдай, Boraldai) is a town located some 5 kilometres to the north of Almaty in Almaty Region of south-eastern Kazakhstan. The airport Boraldai Airport is located in the southeast part of the town. It is connected by road to Chemolgan.

An Iron Age kurgan necropolis, also called Boralday, is located on the outskirts of the village.

The climate in Boralday is described as humid continental with a hot summer. The temperature in Boralday is warmest during July. On average the temperature can reach up to 30 °C (86 °F). The coldest month in Boraldy is January reaching as low as −8 °C (18 °F).

Ushkonyr
Ushkonyr (Kazakh: Үшқоңыр, Üşqoñyr), formerly known as Shamalgan (Kazakh: Шамалған, Şamalğan) or Chemolgan (Russian: Чемолган), is a rural community near Almaty in Kazakhstan. It is notable as the birthplace of former Kazakh president Nursultan Nazarbayev.
Descendants of Ibn Saud
Abdulaziz bin Abdul Rahman Al Saud (1875–1953), the founder and first king of Saudi Arabia, also called Ibn Saud, was young when he first married. However, his wife died shortly after their marriage. Ibn Saud remarried at eighteen and his firstborn child was Prince Turki I. He had 45 sons of whom 36 survived to adulthood and had children of their own. He also had many daughters. He is thought to have had 22 wives.

Abdulaziz bin Fahd Al Saud
Abdulaziz bin Fahd Al Saud (Arabic: عبد العزيز بن فهد آل سعود ʿAbd al-ʿAzīz bin Fahd Āl Suʿūd) is a Saudi prince, a son of former King Fahd, and one of the grandsons of Saudi Arabia's founder King Abdulaziz.
Haileybury Comets
The Haileybury Hockey Club (also known as the Haileybury Comets or Haileybury Miners) were an ice hockey based in Haileybury, Ontario, which existed from 1906 to 1915. The team is notable for being a founding member of the National Hockey Association (NHA), the predecessor to the National Hockey League (NHL). Established to capitalize on the then-current mining boom in northern Ontario, it became clear that the town was too small to support major professional ice hockey, and the team left the NHA after its inaugural season.

Ambrose O'Brien
John Ambrose O'Brien (May 27, 1885 – April 24, 1968) was a Canadian industrialist and sports team owner. He was a founder of the National Hockey Association (NHA), owner of the Renfrew Millionaires and the founding owner of the Montreal Canadiens professional ice hockey team.
Wilamowo, Szczytno County
Wilamowo [vilaˈmɔvɔ] (German: Wilhelmshof) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Rozogi, within Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 2 km (1 mi) west of Rozogi, 25 km (16 mi) east of Szczytno, and 65 km (40 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Rozogi, Szczytno County
Rozogi [rɔˈzɔɡi] is a village in Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Rozogi. It lies approximately 27 km (17 mi) east of Szczytno and 66 km (41 mi) south-east of the regional capital Olsztyn. It is located in the historic region of Masuria.
Scar House Reservoir
Scar House Reservoir is the second of the three reservoirs in Upper Nidderdale, North Yorkshire, England, the others are Angram Reservoir and Gouthwaite Reservoir. Between them they attract around 150,000 visitors a year.

Angram and Scar House were built to supply water to the Bradford area of West Yorkshire. Water from here is transferred to Chellow Heights via the Nidd Aqueduct using only gravity and no pumping.

The dam contains more than a million tonnes of masonry, it rises to 55 metres (180 ft) above the river and is almost 600 m (2,000 ft) long. It was completed in 1936. The dam height is 71 m (233 ft). The reservoir is fed almost exclusively from Angram Reservoir, which in turn is fed predominantly from the flanks of Great Whernside.

Nidderdale
Nidderdale, historically also known as Netherdale, is a valley in North Yorkshire, England. It is one of the Yorkshire Dales, which are part of the Pennines. It is named for the River Nidd, which rises on Great Whernside at the head of the dale. Nidderdale is not within the Yorkshire Dales National Park, but is protected as part of the Nidderdale National Landscape.

The only town in the dale is Pateley Bridge.  Other settlements include Wath, Ramsgill, Lofthouse, and Middlesmoor above Pateley Bridge, and Bewerley, Glasshouses, Summerbridge, Dacre, Darley, Birstwith, Hampsthwaite and Kettlesing below Pateley.
Karl Ley
Karl John Fairfax Ley, GM is a British Army soldier and a bomb disposal expert. As a staff sergeant in the 11 Explosive Ordnance Disposal Regiment RLC, he was awarded the George Medal for bomb disposal duties in Afghanistan, where he defused more roadside IEDs than anyone else during his six-month tour of duty.

Bomb disposal
Bomb disposal is an explosives engineering profession using the process by which hazardous explosive devices are disabled or otherwise rendered safe. Bomb disposal is an all-encompassing term to describe the separate, but interrelated functions in the military fields of explosive ordnance disposal (EOD) and improvised explosive device disposal (IEDD), and the public safety roles of public safety bomb disposal (PSBD) and the bomb squad.
Bairnkine
Bairnkine is a hamlet on the Jed Water in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland, on the A68, south of Jedburgh.

Other places nearby include Abbotrule, Bedrule, Camptown, Chesters, Langlee, Mervinslaw and Oxnam.

Bedrule
Bedrule (Scottish Gaelic: Ruail Bheathaig) is a hamlet and civil parish in the historic county of Roxburghshire in the Scottish Borders area of Scotland. The hamlet lies on the east side of the Rule Water, which gave the village its name, about 4 miles west of Jedburgh. It lies south of the A698 between Hawick and Jedburgh. Other local place-names based on the river include Hallrule, Abbotrule, Ruletownhead and Spittal-on-Rule.
Larger settlements include Bonchester Bridge and Denholm, as well as Hawick and Jedburgh.

The Rule Water forms the western boundary of the parish, separating it from Hobkirk and Cavers. The north-west boundary is on or near the Teviot, beyond which lies Ancrum. The parish is bounded on the east and south by Jedburgh parish.

Bedrule lies on the path of the Borders Abbeys Way, a long-distance trail.

The civil parish has a population of 185 (in 2011).