hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Australian (1824 newspaper)
The Australian was an English-language newspaper published in Sydney, Australia from 1824 until 1848.

It first appeared in 1824 and was the second newspaper to be printed on mainland Australia after The Sydney Gazette (1803). The latter was a semi-official publication containing proclamations, regulations and it was censored by the government.

The Australian was the first independent newspaper in Australia. Governor Brisbane realised there was little point in continuing to censor The Sydney Gazette when The Australian was uncensored and so government censorship of newspapers was abandoned in 1824 and the freedom of the press began in Australia.

Trove
Trove is an Australian online library database owned by the National Library of Australia in which it holds partnerships with source providers National and State Libraries Australia, an aggregator and service which includes full text documents, digital images, bibliographic and holdings data of items which are not available digitally, and a free faceted-search engine as a discovery tool.
B. N. Chandrappa
B. N. Chandrappa is an Indian politician and member of Parliament in 16th Lok Sabha from the Chitradurga (Lok Sabha constituency).

On 9 April, 2023, B.N. Chandrappa has been appointed as Karnatakata Pradesh Congress Committee (KPCC) working president by the Congress party. D K Shivakumar leads the Karnataka unit.

D. K. Shivakumar
Doddalahalli Kempegowda Shivakumar (born 15 May 1962) is an Indian politician and businessman who has served as the  Deputy Chief Minister of Karnataka since 2023. He has also held the portfolios of the ministry of Water resources, Bengaluru Development and Town Planning, and Bengaluru Urban District In-charge since 20 May 2023. He is a member of the Indian National Congress. He is also the President of the Karnataka PCC since 2020 and was the Working President from 2008 to 2010. He was the cabinet minister in the Government of Karnataka from 2014 to 2019. He represented the Kanakapura constituency in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly since 2008 and from Sathanur Assembly constituency from 1989 to 2008.
2024 Solheim Cup
The 2024 Solheim Cup was the 19th edition of the Solheim Cup matches, held  September 13–15 at the Robert Trent Jones Golf Club in Gainesville, Virginia, United States. The Solheim Cup is a biennial team competition between the top women professional golfers from Europe and the United States. The Solheim Cup returned to even-numbered years in 2024, the first time since 2002 after the Ryder Cup returned to an odd-year schedule after 2020, as competition was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

The previous U.S. competition in 2021 was won by Europe, 15 points to 13.  Europe retained the cup in Spain in 2023 after a tie of 14 points to 14.

The United States won by a score of 151⁄2 to 121⁄2, their first win since 2017.

2023 Solheim Cup
The 2023 Solheim Cup was the 18th edition of the Solheim Cup matches, held 22–24 September in southern Spain at the Finca Cortesin in Casares, Andalusia. The Solheim Cup is a biennial team competition between the top women professional golfers from Europe and the United States. Stacy Lewis captained the U.S. team for the first time and Suzann Pettersen captained the European team for the first time. The par-72 course was set at 6,312 metres (6,903 yd).

The previous competition in 2021 was won by Europe, 15 points to 13. The 2023 competition resulted in a draw, with each team scoring 14 points. As the Cup can only change hands on a victory by either side, Europe retained it.

The Solheim Cup returned to even-numbered years in 2024, the first time since 2002; the Ryder Cup returned to an odd-year schedule after the 2020 competition was postponed due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Juan José Borrelli
Juan José Borrelli (born 8 November 1970 in San Isidro, Buenos Aires) is an Argentine former footballer, who played as a midfielder, and one of the most known Argentine men's footballers that played in Greece (along with Juan Ramón Rocha).

1994–95 Alpha Ethniki
The 1994–95 Alpha Ethniki was the 59th season of the highest football league of Greece. The season began on 24 September 1994 and ended on 4 June 1995. Panathinaikos won their 17th Greek title and their first one in four years.
History of Porin Ässät (men's ice hockey)
The history of the Porin Ässät starts in 1925, when Porin Palloilijat was established, even though PoPa is often considered as a separate club from Ässät.

In 1932, Porin Kärpät was established and six years later RU-38 started operations in sports. PoPa and Kärpät merged in 1960 to become the Porin Karhut. Only seven years after the establishment of Karhut, it merged with RU-38 to become Ässät.

Karhut won the Finnish Championship of ice hockey in 1965. RU-38 won it two years later in 1967. Ässät claims neither of said championships.

Ässät themselves have won three championships in ice hockey and one Finnish Cup.

Ilves
Tampereen Ilves, commonly known as Ilves, (pronounced [ˈilʋes]; Finnish for "Lynx") is a Finnish professional ice hockey team based in Tampere. They play in the Liiga at the Nokia Arena.

The colors of Ilves, green, yellow, and black, were taken from what was then the coat of arms of the city of Tampere.
Upper Ridge Site
The Upper Ridge Site is an archeological site on Mockhorn Island, a barrier island off the coast of the Eastern Shore of Virginia in Northampton County.  The site documents over 10,000 years of human occupation from Paleo-Indian through Middle Woodland periods (9500 B.C. to A.D. 900).

The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

Northampton County, Virginia
Northampton County is a county located in the Commonwealth of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 12,282. Its county seat is Eastville. Northampton and Accomack Counties are a part of the larger Eastern Shore of Virginia.

The county is the center of the late Eocene meteor strike that resulted in the Chesapeake Bay impact crater. The Northampton County Courthouse Historic District is part of the Eastville Historic District at the county seat.
Bows against the Barons
Bows Against the Barons is a 1934 children's novel by the British author Geoffrey Trease, based on the legend of Robin Hood. It tells the story of an adolescent boy who joins an outlaw band and takes part in a great rebellion against the feudal elite. Trease's first novel, Bows Against the Barons marks the start of his prolific career as a historical novelist. It is notable for reinterpreting the Robin Hood legend and revitalizing the conventions of children's historical fiction in 20th-century Britain.

G. A. Henty
George Alfred Henty (8 December 1832 – 16 November 1902) was an English novelist and war correspondent. He is best known for his works of adventure fiction and historical fiction, including The Dragon & The Raven (1886), For The Temple (1888), Under Drake's Flag (1883) and In Freedom's Cause (1885).
Noah Dream On Final 2022
Noah Dream On Final 2022 was a professional wrestling event promoted by CyberFight's sub-brand Pro Wrestling Noah. It took place on May 21, 2022, in Tokyo, Japan, at the Ota City General Gymnasium. The event aired on CyberAgent's AbemaTV online linear television service and CyberFight's streaming service Wrestle Universe.

Abema
Abema (アベマ; often stylized as all caps) is a Japanese streaming service that launched on April 11, 2016, under the name AbemaTV. It is majority-owned by CyberAgent, with a 55.2% stake, and TV Asahi, with a 36.8% stake, while the remaining ownership belongs to various other companies, mostly in the media and entertainment industry.

Abema primarily functions as an online television network, featuring multiple FAST channels that offer news, sports, entertainment programming, with the option to become a premium member to view past programs on demand.
Klehm House
The Klehm House is a historic house in Kearney, Nebraska. It was built in 1931 for Walter Klehm, a professor of Manual Arts at the University of Nebraska at Kearney. It was designed in the Tudor Revival architectural style by Klehm himself. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since March 25, 1999.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Buffalo County, Nebraska
Buffalo County, Nebraska, United States, has 23 properties and districts listed on the National Register of Historic Places. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 19, 2025.
Minnesota's 1st Senate district
The 1st Senate district of Minnesota is one of 67 districts in the Minnesota Senate. Located in northwest Minnesota, the district comprises all of Kittson, Marshall, Norman,Pennington, Polk, Red Lake, and Roseau counties, as well as Felton, Hagen, and Ulen townships in Clay County. It is currently represented by Republican Mark Johnson, who has been in office since 2017.

Red Lake County, Minnesota
Red Lake County is a county in the Northwestern part of the U.S. state of Minnesota. As of the 2020 census, the population was 3,935, making it the third-least populous county in Minnesota. Its county seat is Red Lake Falls.
Affect (linguistics)
In linguistics, affect is an attitude or emotion that a speaker brings to an utterance. Affects such as sarcasm, contempt, dismissal, distaste, disgust, disbelief, exasperation, boredom, anger, joy, respect or disrespect, sympathy, pity, gratitude, wonder, admiration, humility, and awe are frequently conveyed through paralinguistic mechanisms such as intonation, facial expression, and gesture, and thus require recourse to punctuation or emoticons when reduced to writing, but there are grammatical and lexical expressions of affect as well, such as pejorative and approbative or laudative expressions or inflections, adversative forms, honorific and deferential language, interrogatives and tag questions, and some types of evidentiality.

Evidentiality
In linguistics, evidentiality is, broadly, the indication of the nature of evidence for a given statement; that is, whether evidence exists for the statement and if so, what kind. An evidential (also verificational or validational) is the particular grammatical element (affix, clitic, or particle) that indicates evidentiality. Languages with only a single evidential have had terms such as mediative, médiatif, médiaphorique, and indirective used instead of evidential.

Evidentiality may be direct or indirect: direct evidentials are used to describe information directly perceived by the speaker through vision as well as other sensory experiences while indirect evidentials consist of the other grammatical markers for evidence such as quotatives and inferentials.
Gmina Skępe
Gmina Skępe is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, in north-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Skępe, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Lipno and 53 km (33 mi) east of Toruń.

The gmina covers an area of 179.23 square kilometres (69.2 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 7,503 (out of which the population of Skępe amounts to 3,442, and the population of the rural part of the gmina is 4,061).

Skępe
Skępe [ˈskɛmpɛ] is a town in Lipno County, Kuyavian-Pomeranian Voivodeship, Poland, with 7790 inhabitants (2012). It is the main sanctuary of Dobrzyń Land, with image of Our Lady crowned officially in 1755.
Donor (semiconductors)
In semiconductor physics, a donor is a dopant atom that, when added to a semiconductor, can form a n-type region.

For example, when silicon (Si), having four valence electrons, is to be doped as a n-type semiconductor, elements from group V like phosphorus (P) or arsenic (As) can be used because they have five valence electrons. A dopant with five valence electrons is also called a pentavalent impurity.  Other pentavalent dopants are antimony (Sb) and  bismuth (Bi).

When substituting a Si atom in the crystal lattice, four of the valence electrons of phosphorus form covalent bonds with the neighbouring Si atoms but the fifth one remains weakly bonded.  If that electron is liberated, the initially electro-neutral donor becomes positively charged (ionised). At room temperature, the liberated electron can move around the Si crystal and carry a current, thus acting as a charge carrier.

Dopant
A dopant (also called a doping agent) is a small amount of a substance added to a material to alter its physical properties, such as electrical or optical properties. The amount of dopant is typically very low compared to the material being doped.

When doped into crystalline substances, the dopant's atoms get incorporated into the crystal lattice of the substance. The crystalline materials are frequently either crystals of a semiconductor such as silicon and germanium for use in solid-state electronics, or transparent crystals for use in the production of various laser types; however, in some cases of the latter, noncrystalline substances such as glass can also be doped with impurities.

In solid-state electronics using the proper types and amounts of dopants in semiconductors is what produces the p-type semiconductors and n-type semiconductors that are essential for making transistors and diodes.
Irri
5°44′N 6°21′E﻿ / ﻿5.733°N 6.350°E﻿ / 5.733; 6.350

Irri is located in the Isoko South local government area of Delta state, Nigeria. It is one of the petroleum producing communities in Nigeria. It is bordered by Uzere, Aviara, Oyede, Idheze and Oleh. Descendants of Irri migrated to form other small villages and towns, such like Ada, Idheze, Ikpide, Ivrogbo, Iwreogboko, Canaan Irri, Ivori, Uro Irri, etc, and they are usually referred to as children of Irri Kingdom. The people are referred to as Emo Irri, which means children of Irri.

Aviara
Aviara is an Isoko kingdom in Delta State, southern Nigeria. The current king is H.R.M. Michael Efeareduo Ebobo - Imoh 1 (the Ovie of Aviara kingdom).

Araya is located in Aviara clan in the Isoko region of Delta State, Nigeria. It is home to The Araya Bible Site which was linked to the 1914 birth of Cornelius Adam Igbudu, the late founder of the Anglican Adam Preaching Society.

His evangelistic activities in Aviara seemed to have increased the popularity of the Araya Bible Site.
Lycosa bistriata
Lycosa bistriata is a species of spiders of the genus Lycosa found in India and Bhutan. Males of this spider species exhibit different leg colouration. Of these one group of male spider resembles the
female in coloration where as the other group the has black colour leg while the upper surface of tarsus is covered by thick white hair.

Lycosa
Lycosa is a genus of wolf spiders distributed throughout most of the world, with more than two hundred described species.

Sometimes called the "true tarantula", though not closely related to the spiders most commonly called tarantulas today, Lycosa spp. can be distinguished from common wolf spiders by their relatively large size. This genus includes the European Lycosa tarantula, which was once associated with tarantism, a dubious affliction whose symptoms included shaking, cold sweats, and a high fever, asserted to be curable only by the traditional tarantella dance. No scientific substantiation of that myth is known; the venom of Lycosa spiders is generally not harmful.
Arthur Li
Arthur Li Kwok-cheung, GBM, GBS JP (Chinese: 李國章; born 27 June 1945) is a Hong Kong doctor and politician. He is currently member of the Executive Council of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region and the chairman of the Council of the University of Hong Kong (HKU). He was Vice-Chancellor of the Chinese University of Hong Kong (CUHK) from 1996 to 2002 and Secretary for Education and Manpower from 2002 to 2007. Li’s dictatorial and ruthless leadership style led some to refer to him as "King Arthur" and even "the Tsar". He is the grandson of the co-founder of the Bank of East Asia, Li Koon-chun, and brother of its current chairman, David Li. He was awarded the Grand Bauhinia Medal (GBM) by the Hong Kong SAR Government in 2017.

Grand Bauhinia Medal
The Grand Bauhinia Medal (Chinese: 大紫荊勳章) is the highest award under the Hong Kong honours and awards system;  it is to recognise the selected person's lifelong and highly significant contribution to the well-being of Hong Kong. The awardee is entitled to the postnominal letters GBM and the style The Honourable.  The award was created in 1997 to replace the British honours system, following the transfer of sovereignty to the People's Republic of China and the establishment of the Hong Kong Special Administrative Region. The list was empty from 2003 to 2004. Bauhinia, Bauhinia blakeana, is the floral emblem of Hong Kong.
San Marino nationality law
San Marino nationality law is contained in the provisions of the Law on Citizenship (2000) which was amended in 2004, 2016, 2019, 2021 and 2026 and in the relevant provisions of the San Marino Constitution. A person may be a citizen of San Marino through birth, descent or through naturalisation.

Constitution of San Marino
The constitution of the Republic of San Marino is distributed over a number of legislative instruments, the most important of which are the Statutes of 1600 and the Declaration of Citizen Rights of 1974, as amended in 2002.

The constitutional system shows influences of Roman customary law and Justinian I's Corpus Juris Civilis (529–534).

It is the world's oldest surviving constitution of any sovereign state, barring England's Magna Carta (1215).
Salmis
A salmis [sal.mi] is a preparation from classical French cooking.  When a roast or sautéed piece of meat is sliced and reheated in sauce, the result is a salmis.

Typical salmis preparations involve roasted game birds such as squab or duck.  In these preparations it is typical to enrich de-fatted roast drippings or reduced game stock with wine, cognac or brandy, and a small amount of puréed liver or foie gras, resulting in a rather muddy sauce.  Slices of rare roasted duck or squab breast are napped in the sauce and reheated, though not long enough to boil the sauce or further cook the meat, which would render it overdone (i.e., medium or "well done").  These preparations tend toward the luxurious, often containing rare or expensive game meats and ingredients like truffles and foie gras.

Duck as food
In cooking and gastronomy, duck or duckling is the meat of several species of bird in the family Anatidae, found in both fresh and salt water. Duck is eaten in many cuisines around the world.  It is a high-fat, high-protein meat rich in iron. Duckling nominally comes from a juvenile animal, but may be simply a menu name.

One species of freshwater duck, the mallard, has been domesticated; the domesticated duck is a common livestock bird in a variety of cultures.  The Pekin duck is another livestock breed of importance, particularly in North America.  Magret refers specifically to the breast of a moulard or Muscovy (or Barbary) duck that has been force-fed to produce foie gras.
Mediation of the Chadian Civil War (2005–2010)
Mediation of the Chadian-Sudanese conflict began shortly after the government of Chad declared an "état de belligérance", or 'state of belligerency' with Sudan. on December 23, 2005. The BBC translated "belligérance" as "war".

The Chadian government called for the citizens of Chad to mobilize themselves against the "common enemy", referring to militant members of the Rally for Democracy and Liberty and Platform for Change, Unity and Democracy (SCUD) rebel groups — Chadian rebels, allegedly backed by the Sudanese government — and Sudanese Janjaweed militiamen who have crossed over from Sudan while pursuing Fur refugees. The RDL denied they were receiving support from the Sudanese government. Between December 26 and December 28 RDL and SCUD joined with six other rebel groups to form the United Front for Democratic Change rebel alliance, led by Mohammed Nour.

Rally for Democracy and Liberty
The Rally for Democracy and Liberty, abbreviated as R.D.L. (Rassemblement pour la Démocratie et la Liberté in French) and sometimes translated as Rally for Democracy and Freedom, is a Chadian rebel group that was formed in August 2005 by former members of the Military of Chad who deserted and united under their founder, Mohammed Nour.  Their main objective was to oust former Chadian president Idriss Déby and his government. The RDL then planned to hold elections after a two-year interim period. RDL has bases in eastern Chad and in the Darfur region of Sudan.  On December 18, 2005, the RDL attacked Chadian troops stationed in the city of Adre, causing the current crisis in the Chadian-Sudanese relations.
Dalreoch
Dalreoch is a small settlement in Perth and Kinross. It lies south of the A9 trunk road 8 miles southwest of Perth.

It is not to be confused with Dalreoch railway station in Dumbarton, West Dunbartonshire.

Perth and Kinross
Perth and Kinross (Scots: Pairth an Kinross; Scottish Gaelic: Peairt agus Ceann Rois) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland, and a lieutenancy area. It is bordered by Highland and Aberdeenshire to the north, Angus, Dundee, and Fife to the east, Clackmannanshire to the south, and Stirling and Argyll and Bute to the west.

Geographically the area is split by the Highland Boundary Fault into a more mountainous northern part and a flatter southern part. The northern area is a popular tourist spot, while agriculture makes an important contribution to the southern part of the area.

The area is run by Perth and Kinross Council, which is based in Perth.
Everybody on My Dick Like They Supposed to Be
Everybody on My Dick Like They Supposed to Be is a hip hop mixtape by English-American singer-songwriter and musician Paul Banks, best known as the frontman of the band Interpol. Self-released by Banks on January 25, 2013 through DatPiff, it was originally intended to be a pre-release bonus for Banks' second solo studio album, Banks (2012).

In contrast to Interpol's rock music sound and Banks's solo work, the mixtape features hip hop tracks and lo-fi hip hop instrumentals, all produced by Banks. It also features guest appearances from rappers El-P, Talib Kweli, High Prizm, and Mike G.

Banks (album)
Banks is the second solo studio album by Paul Banks, the lead singer of the band Interpol. It was released on October 22, 2012. The first single is the opening track, "The Base", which spent 7 weeks on the Mexico Ingles Airplay chart, peaking at #43.
Bromobenzaldehyde
Bromobenzaldehydes are any of three organic compounds with the formula BrC6H4COH, consisting of a formyl group and a bromine atom attached to a central benzene ring. They can be considered as brominated derivatives of benzaldehyde, or as formylated derivatives of bromobenzene.

Benzaldehyde
Benzaldehyde (C6H5CHO) is an organic compound consisting of a benzene ring with a formyl substituent. It is among the simplest aromatic aldehydes and one of the most industrially useful.

It is a colorless liquid with a characteristic odor similar to that of bitter almonds and cherry, and is commonly used in cherry-flavored sodas. A component of bitter almond oil, benzaldehyde can be extracted from a number of other natural sources. Synthetic benzaldehyde is the flavoring agent in imitation almond extract, which is used to flavor cakes and other baked goods.
Small Voices
Small Voices or Mga Munting Tinig is a 2002 Filipino drama film directed by Gil Portes and Adolfo Alix, Jr. The film set in a public school won 11 awards and was nominated for 11 other including Gawad Urian Awards. It is the first out of seven Filipino films (along with Mallari, Under Parallel Skies, Uninvited, Ex Ex Lovers, Eraserheads: Combo on the Run and P77) to be released by Warner Bros. Pictures.

P77 (film)
P77, also known as Penthouse 77, is a 2025 Philippine psychological horror film directed by Derick Cabrido. Starring Barbie Forteza, the film was theatrically released on July 30, 2025, as the second GMA Pictures film to be distributed by a Hollywood studio (this time by Warner Bros. Pictures, as its 7th Filipino film overall).