hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ron Pinkney
Robert Theron "Ron" Pinkney (May 26, 1935 – May 27, 2020) was an American pioneer broadcaster who was the first African-American play-by-play announcer on a major television network (ABC). The game was played at the Memorial Stadium in Jackson, Mississippi between Mississippi Valley State and Jackson State.

Grambling State University
Grambling State University (GSU, Grambling, or Grambling State) is a public historically black university in Grambling, Louisiana, United States. Grambling State is home of the Eddie G. Robinson Museum and is listed on the Louisiana African American Heritage Trail. Grambling State is a member-school of the University of Louisiana System and Thurgood Marshall College Fund.

Grambling State's athletic teams compete in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association and are known as the Grambling State Tigers. Grambling State is a member of the Southwestern Athletic Conference.
Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education
The Alvan Ikoku Federal University of Education, Owerri, formerly known as the Alvan Ikoku Federal College of Education, is located in Owerri, the capital of Imo State, Nigeria. It was established in April 1963 as the Advanced Teachers' Training College by the defunct Eastern Nigeria Government on the grounds of the Old Shell Camp in Owerri.  Since then, the institution has expanded across Orlu Road on the banks of the Nworie River. The university awards the National Certificate in Education (NCE) and the Professional Diploma in Education (PDE) and, in affiliation with the University of Nigeria, Nsukka,  has been awarding Bachelor of Education (B.Ed.) since 1984. The university is headed by Dr. (Mrs.) Stella Ngozi Lemchi, the Acting Vice-Chancellor (Administration), who was the former Provost of the college.  She took over from Dr. Dan C. Anyawu in 2022. Dr. Lemchi is the second female Provost of the college, after Professor Blessing C. Ijioma.

Owerri
Owerri listenⓘ (/oʊˈwɛri/ oh-Way-Ray, Igbo: Owèrrè) is the capital city of Imo State in Nigeria, set in the heart of Igboland. It is also the state's largest city, followed by Orlu, Okigwe and Ohaji/Egbema. Owerri consists of three Local Government Areas namely Owerri Municipal, Owerri North and Owerri West. It has an estimated population of 1,401,873 as of 2016 and is approximately 551.00 square kilometres (212.743 sq mi) in area combining the 3 local government making up Owerri. Owerri is bordered by the Otamiri River to the east and the Nworie River to the south. The Owerri Slogan is Heartland. It is also called the Las Vegas of Africa, due to the night life of the city and the numerous hotels, casino and leisure parks all over the city.
The Behavior of Organisms
The Behavior of Organisms is B.F. Skinner's first book and was published in May 1938 as a volume of the Century Psychology Series. It set out the parameters for the discipline that would come to be called the experimental analysis of behavior (EAB) and Behavior Analysis.

Skinner looks at science behavior and how the analysis of behavior produces data which can be studied, rather than acquiring data through a conceptual or neural  process. In the book, behavior is classified either as respondent or operant behavior, where respondent behavior is caused by an observable stimulus and operant behavior is where there is no observable stimulus for a behavior. The behavior is studied in depth with rats and the feeding responses they exhibit.

This book was reviewed in 1939 by Ernest R. Hilgard.

Experimental analysis of behavior
The experimental analysis of behavior is a science that studies the behavior of individuals across a variety of species. A key early scientist was B. F. Skinner who discovered operant behavior, reinforcers, secondary reinforcers, contingencies of reinforcement, stimulus control, shaping, intermittent schedules, discrimination, and generalization. A central method was the  examination of functional relations between environment and behavior, as opposed to hypothetico-deductive learning theory that had grown up in the comparative psychology of the 1920–1950 period. Skinner's approach was characterized by observation of measurable behavior which could be predicted and controlled. It owed its early success to the effectiveness of Skinner's procedures of operant conditioning, both in the laboratory and in behavior therapy.
Mashu (band)
MASHU was a Canterbury scene improvisational supergroup that lasted from 1995 to 1998. The name is a reference to Mashu (a mountain in the Epic of Gilgamesh) and a combination of the first two letters of the band members' first names: MArk Hewins (guitar), SHyamal Maïtra (percussion), and HUgh Hopper (bass).

Hopper and Hewins had already been collaborating as a duo when they were joined by Maïtra, formerly of Gong. The band debuted in February 1995 at the Vortex Jazz Bar. A European tour followed in April 1995 from which is taken their only release, Elephants in Your Head? (1996). Saxophonist Frank van der Kooij guested on the first tour date, with saxophonists Didier Malherbe and Elton Dean guesting at a later show.

The band played a handful of shows in 1996, 1997 and 1998. Since then, Hewins and Maïtra have continued to work together on other projects.

Elton Dean
Elton Dean (28 October 1945 – 8 February 2006) was an English jazz musician who performed on alto saxophone, saxello (a variant of the soprano saxophone) and occasionally keyboards. Part of the Canterbury scene, he featured in Soft Machine, among others.
National Translation Mission
National Translation Mission (NTM) is a Government of India initiative to make knowledge texts accessible, in all 22 official languages of the Indian Republic listed in the VIII schedule of the Constitution, through translation. NTM was set up on the recommendation of the National Knowledge Commission. The Ministry of Human Resource Development has designated Central Institute of Indian Languages as the nodal organization for the operationalization of NTM.

Ministry of Education (India)
The Ministry of Education (MoE) is a ministry of the Government of India, responsible for the implementation of the National Policy on Education. The ministry is further divided into two departments: the Department of School Education and Literacy, which deals with primary, secondary and higher secondary education, adult education and literacy, and the Department of Higher Education, which deals with university level education, technical education, scholarships, etc.

The current education minister is Dharmendra Pradhan, a member of the Council of Ministers. India has had a Ministry of Education since 1947. In 1985, the Rajiv Gandhi government changed its name to the Ministry of Human Resource Development (MHRD), and with the newly drafted "National Education Policy 2020" by the Narendra Modi government, the Ministry of Human Resource Development was renamed back to the Ministry of Education.
Ōpatu River
The Ōpatu River is a tidal creek of the Kaipara Harbour, in the Auckland Region of New Zealand's North Island. It flows west from Te Pahi Stream, before joining another tidal creek of the harbour, the Tauhoa River.

Kaipara Harbour
Kaipara Harbour is a large enclosed harbour estuary complex on the north western side of the North Island of New Zealand. The northern part of the harbour is administered by the Kaipara District and the southern part is administered by the Auckland Council. The local Māori tribe is Ngāti Whātua.

By area, the Kaipara Harbour is one of the largest harbours in the world. It covers 947 square kilometres (366 sq mi) at high tide, with 409 square kilometres (158 sq mi) exposed as mudflats and sandflats at low tide.

According to Māori tradition, the name Kaipara had its origins back in the 15th century when the Arawa chief, Kahumatamomoe, travelled to the Kaipara to visit his nephew at Pouto. At a feast, he was so impressed with the cooked root of the para fern, that he gave the name Kai-para to the district. Kaipara comes from the Māori kai meaning "food", and  para meaning "king fern".
Ikungi District
Ikungi District is one of the six districts of the Singida Region of Tanzania. It is one of the 20 new districts that were formed in Tanzania since 2010; it was split off from Singida Rural District. Ikungi District is bordered to the north by Iramba District, Singida Urban District and Singida Rural District, to the east by Manyara Region, to the south by Manyoni District and to the west by Tabora Region. Its administrative seat is the town of Ikungi.

According to the 2022 Tanzania National Census, the population of Ikungi District was 411,262.

Singida Urban District
Singida Urban District is one of the six districts of the Singida Region of Tanzania.  It is bordered to the south and west by the Ikungi District and to the north and east by the Singida Rural District. Its administrative seat is the town of Singida.

According to the 2012 Tanzania national census, the population of the Singida Urban District was 150,379.
Toronto Knob Hill Farms
Toronto Knob Hill Farms were a junior ice hockey team who played the Metro Junior A League during the 1962–63 season. Formerly the Unionville Seaforths, the team moved to downtown Toronto for the league's second season, becoming associated with grocery retailer Knob Hill Farms.

The team folded along with the league in 1963. The head coach, returning from the previous season, was Johnny "Peanuts" O'Flaherty.

Metro Junior A League
The Metro Junior A League was a junior ice hockey league created in 1961 by Toronto Maple Leafs owner Stafford Smythe in an attempt to rival the OHA, and act as a farm system for his NHL team. The league operated for two seasons from 1961 to 1963. For those two seasons the Metro Junior A League champion won the Father John Conway Memorial Trophy and went on to play the OHA champion for the J. Ross Robertson Cup, and the right to continue on the road to the Memorial Cup.

After two seasons, the calibre of play in the league was subpar, and many of the franchises were still having serious financial problems, while the two old Toronto teams dominated the promoted junior B teams. The Metro experiment was cancelled in 1963 and many of the teams folded. The Toronto Marlboros and Oshawa Generals were readmitted to the OHA for the 1963–64 season.
Dolls House Emporium
The Dolls House Emporium is an online retailer supplying 1:12th scale dolls houses (known as dollhouses in the USA) and 1:12th scale and 1:24th scale miniature collectables. They no longer design or manufacture products themselves.

It distributes miniatures worldwide via its website. The site offers more than 6,000 items of dolls house furniture, plus the houses themselves.

It trades around the world and e-business methods are tapping markets in the UK, USA, Canada and Australia with web portals dealing with local currency, pricing and shipping.

It was founded in 1979 by Jackie Lee and her then husband Adam Purser.

Television companies and creative agencies regularly use Dolls House Emporium products in their work. For instance Montgomery Hall was used as a prop in Upstairs Downstairs on the BBC in 2012. Miniature accessories were used in the 20th Century Fox film Gulliver's Travels in 2010.

1:12 scale
The 1:12 scale is a traditional scale (ratio) for models and miniatures. In this scale (ratio), one inch on the scale model or miniature is equal to twelve inches on the original object being copied. Depending on the application, this particular scale (ratio) is also called one-scale (since 1 inch equals 1 foot).

The scale is popular for dollhouses, especially those aimed at adult collectors.  It is also used for model live steam railroads, and rather rarely, for high-end die-cast model and radio-controlled cars.

1:12 scale is also popular for action figures and related toys, especially those based on superheroes and related concepts (such as Marvel Legends, DC Universe Classics and most recently Mezco Toyz's One:12 Collective line.) It has also been used for at least one related game (Shadowrun Duels).

The 1:12 scale was also used in Jonathan Swift's 1726 novel Gulliver's Travels. The ratio was used to compare the Lilliputians to Gulliver.
Kinau (crater)
Kinau is a small, eroded lunar impact crater that is located in the low southern latitudes of the Moon. It lies to the southeast of the crater Jacobi, and about equally far to the north-northwest of Pentland. It is 42 kilometers in diameter and two kilometers deep. It may be from the Pre-Nectarian period, 4.55 to 3.85 billion years ago.

The northwestern rim and inner wall of this crater has been heavily damaged by impacts, and is overlaid by a pair of small, cup-shaped craters. The remainder of the rim is worn and somewhat distorted into a hexagonal shape, with several small craterlets along the rim edge. The inner walls are relatively low, and the interior floor is almost featureless except for a few tiny craterlets. There is a low rise near the midpoint that is attached to the small crater to the northwest.

The crater is named after 19th century German priest, teacher and amateur astronomer Adolph Gottfried Kinau.

Pentland (crater)
Pentland is a lunar impact crater that lies in the southern part of the Moon, and appears foreshortened when viewed from the Earth. About one crater diameter to the southwest is the larger crater Curtius, and to the north-northwest lies Zach.

The rim of this crater is somewhat worn, and it has a depression along the southern edge where it is attached to a small crater on the exterior. The inner wall retains some structure in places, and has a shelf along the northeast side. The interior floor is level, with an elongated central rise at the midpoint. Otherwise the floor is nearly featureless, except for a few tiny craterlets.
21st GCC Club Championship
The 21st GCC Club Championship (Arabic: بطولة الأنديـة الخليجية أبطال الدوري) was the 21st edition of the GCC Club Championship for clubs of the Gulf Cooperation Council nations.

The 2005 edition was won by Kuwaiti side Al Qadsia Kuwait for the second time.

AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League
The AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League (Arabic: دوري أبطال الخليج للأندية), formerly known as the GCC Champions League, is a regional football competition governed by the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation (AGCFF) for clubs from its eight member nations.

The tournament was founded by the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) and was first organised in 1982. During its early years, the GCC Club Championship also acted as a qualification tournament for the Asian Club Championship. The last edition organised by the GCC was the 30th edition in 2015, which featured twelve teams, while its attempts to organise the 31st edition failed.

The tournament was relaunched by the AGCFF for the 2024–25 season under the name AGCFF Gulf Club Champions League, featuring eight teams. Duhok are the current champions, having beaten Al-Qadisiya in the 2025 final.
OTO Melara
OTO Melara was a subsidiary of the Italian company Finmeccanica, today Leonardo, active in the defence sector, with factories in Brescia and La Spezia.

From 1 January 2016, the activities of OTO Melara merged into Leonardo's Defence Systems Division, within the Electronics, Defence and Security Systems Sector.

La Spezia
La Spezia is a city and municipality at the head of the Gulf of La Spezia in the eastern part of the region of Liguria in Italy, the capital of the Province of La Spezia. With a population of 92,711, it is the 2nd-largest municipality in Liguria and the 52-largest in Italy.

La Spezia is the second-largest city in the Liguria region, after Genoa. Located roughly midway between Genoa and Pisa, on the Ligurian Sea, it is one of the main Italian military and commercial harbours and a major Italian Navy base. A popular seaside resort, it is also a significant railway junction, and is notable for its museums, for the Palio del Golfo rowing race, and for railway and boat links with the Cinque Terre.
Gmina Radków, Lower Silesian Voivodeship
Gmina Radków is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Kłodzko County, Lower Silesian Voivodeship, in south-western Poland. Its seat is the town of Radków, which lies approximately 20 kilometres (12 mi) north-west of Kłodzko, and 83 kilometres (52 mi) south-west of the regional capital Wrocław.

The gmina covers an area of 139 square kilometres (53.7 sq mi), and as of 2019 its total population is 9,048.

Kłodzko County
Kłodzko County (Polish: powiat kłodzki) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Lower Silesian Voivodeship, south-western Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999 as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998.

The county covers an area of 1,643 square kilometres (634 sq mi); its territory almost exactly corresponds to the former Bohemian, later Prussian, County of Kladsko. It is located in a panhandle called Kłodzko Panhandle. The county's administrative seat is the town of Kłodzko; the other towns are: Duszniki-Zdrój, Nowa Ruda, Polanica-Zdrój, Bystrzyca Kłodzka, Kudowa-Zdrój, Lądek-Zdrój, Międzylesie, Radków, Stronie Śląskie and Szczytna. (The suffix Zdrój appearing in several of these names means "spa".)

As of 2019 the total population of the county was 158,600.
Cabinet Office Statement of Practice
The Cabinet Office Statement of Practice (COSoP) is a code of practice, developed by the UK Cabinet Office to support employees when work is being transferred between departments within the civil service or across the wider public sector. COSoP provides transferring employees with TUPE-like protection when the TUPE legislation cannot apply as there will not be a change of employer, this is because transferring employee will continue to work within the civil or public sector and be employed by the Crown.

Cabinet Office
The Cabinet Office is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for supporting the prime minister and Cabinet. It is composed of various units that support Cabinet committees and coordinate the delivery of government objectives via other departments. As of December 2021, it had more than 10,200 staff, mostly civil servants, some of whom work in Whitehall. Staff working in the Prime Minister's Office are part of the Cabinet Office.
CYP16 family
Cytochrome P450, family 16, also known as CYP16, is an animal cytochrome P450 monooxygenase family. This family was the last vertebrate CYP family recognized, and is absent from the mammal and zebrafish genome, but found in other fish and many invertebrates including some very old branches, such as Trichoplax and Oscarella carmela. Synteny mapping of CYP16 family members showing linkages to CYP26 family members, means the tetrapod's CYP26 may evolved from CYP16 of fish.

In the past, CYP16 family refers to some nematoda (roundworms) genes, which have been discontinued and changed to the Cytochrome P450, family 13, subfamily B (CYP13B), because its genetic relationship with the subfamily CYP13A.

Cytochrome P450
Cytochromes P450 (P450s or CYPs) are a superfamily of enzymes containing heme as a cofactor that mostly, but not exclusively, function as monooxygenases. However, they are not omnipresent; for example, they have not been found in Escherichia coli. In mammals, these enzymes oxidize steroids, fatty acids,  xenobiotics, and participate in many biosyntheses. By hydroxylation, CYP450 enzymes  convert xenobiotics into hydrophilic derivatives, which are more readily excreted.

P450s are, in general, the terminal oxidase enzymes in electron transfer chains, broadly categorized as P450-containing systems. The term "P450" is derived from the spectrophotometric peak at the wavelength of the absorption maximum of the enzyme (450 nm) when it is in the reduced state and complexed with carbon monoxide. Most P450s require a protein partner to deliver one or more electrons to reduce the iron (and eventually molecular oxygen).
Michele Zanche
Michele Zanche (1203 – Sassari, 1275) was an Italian politician, best known as a character in Dante Alighieri's Divine Comedy, where he is mentioned in Canto XXII of Inferno, in the fifth bolgia of the eighth circle, among the barrators, together with Friar Gomita, vicar of Nino Visconti judge of Gallura. He married Simona Doria, from the famous and wealthy Genoese family.

Malaspina family
The House of Malaspina was a noble Italian family of Longobard origin that descended from Boniface I, through the Obertenghi line, that ruled Lunigiana from the 13th to the 14th centuries, and the marquisate of Massa and lordship of Carrara (which later became the Duchy of Massa and Carrara and at a later time the Principality of Massa and the Marquisate of Carrara) since the 14th century.
Dynamical system simulation
Dynamical system simulation or dynamic system simulation is the use of a computer program to model the time-varying behavior of a dynamical system. The systems are typically described by ordinary differential equations or partial differential equations. A simulation run solves the state-equation system to find the behavior of the state variables over a specified period of time. The equation is solved through numerical integration methods to produce the transient behavior of the state variables. Simulation of dynamic systems predicts the values of model-system state variables, as they are determined by the past state values. This relationship is found by creating a model of the system.

Physics engine
A physics engine is computer software that provides an approximate simulation of certain physical systems, typically classical dynamics, including rigid body dynamics (including collision detection), soft body dynamics, and fluid dynamics. It is of use in the domains of computer graphics, video games and film (CGI). Their main uses are in video games (typically as middleware), in which case the simulations are in real-time. The term is sometimes used more generally to describe any software system for simulating physical phenomena, such as high-performance scientific simulation.
1973 Belfast City Council election
Elections to Belfast City Council were held on 30 May 1973 on the same day as the other Northern Irish local government elections. The election used eight district electoral areas to elect a total of 51 councillors.

The elections were the first following the reorganisation of local government in Northern Ireland, brought about by the Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 & Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972, which replaced the previous FPTP ward system with a new system of proportional representation using multi-member district electoral areas.

The Ulster Unionist Party maintained its position as the largest party, winning just short of a majority, and William Christie continued as Lord Mayor.

1973 Northern Ireland local elections
Local government in Northern Ireland was reorganised in 1973 by the Local Government (Boundaries) Act (Northern Ireland) 1971 and the Local Government Act (Northern Ireland) 1972. The county councils, county borough and municipal borough corporations and urban and rural district councils were replaced by twenty-six local government districts.

Elections took place for all the seats on the district councils on 30 May 1973. Elections were by proportional representation, using the single transferable vote system. The district councils came into their powers on 1 October.