hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Line 3 oil spill
The Line 3 oil spill was a 1.7 million gallon crude oil spill in Minnesota on March 3, 1991. The Line 3 pipeline, then owned by the Lakehead Pipeline Company (now Enbridge), ruptured on a wetland near Grand Rapids, Minnesota, spilling oil into the Prairie River, a tributary of the Mississippi River. It was the largest inland oil spill in the history of the United States.

Pipeline company operators based in Edmonton waited over an hour to shut down the line after noticing a drop in pressure. Another two hours passed before the pipeline's valves were shut off. As the river was still iced over at the time of the incident, contamination of downstream municipal water facilities was avoided. The Line 3 pipeline was also the origin of a 1.3 million gallon oil spill in Argyle in 1973, the second worst in Minnesota history.

Minnesota Pollution Control Agency
The Minnesota Pollution Control Agency (MPCA) is a Minnesota state agency that monitors environmental quality, offers technical and financial assistance, and enforces environmental regulations for the State of Minnesota.  The MPCA finds and cleans up spills and leaks that can affect public health and the environment. The MPCA staff develops statewide policies and supports environmental education, working with such partners as citizens, municipalities, businesses, environmental groups, and educators to prevent pollution and conserve resources.
Duje Čop
Duje Čop (born 1 February 1990) is a Croatian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Croatian Football League club Rijeka.

Čop made over 200 appearances and scored over 80 goals in the Croatian Football League, for Hajduk Split, RNK Split, Dinamo Zagreb, Šibenik and Lokomotiva. He also finished as the league's top scorer in 2013–14, when he won the league title with Dinamo. Čop also played in the top divisions of Portugal, Italy, Spain, Belgium and Slovenia, totalling 80 games and 16 goals in La Liga for Málaga, Sporting Gijón and Valladolid.

Čop earned 14 caps and scored two international goals for Croatia between 2014 and 2018, and represented the country at UEFA Euro 2016.

2017–18 Belgian Cup
The 2017–18 Belgian Cup, called the Croky Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 63rd season of Belgium's annual football cup competition. The competition began on 28 July 2017 and ended with the final on 17 March 2018. Zulte Waregem were the defending champions, but they were eliminated by Club Brugge in the Seventh Round. Standard Liège won the cup, beating Genk after extra time in the final. As the winner, Standard Liège provisionally qualified for the 2018–19 UEFA Europa League Group Stage but, as they finished 2nd in the Belgian Pro League, they participated in the 3rd qualification round of the Champions League.
1971 Virginia Slims Grass Court Championships
The 1971 Virginia Slims Grass Court Championships, also known as the Virginia Slims of Newport, was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the Newport Casino in Newport, Rhode Island in the United States that was part of the 1971 Virginia Slims World Championship Series. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from August 24 through August 29, 1971. Fourth-seeded Kerry Melville won the singles title and earned $4,400 first-prize money. It is the only women's tournament to date where the singles title was decided by a sudden death nine point tiebreak.

1971 ILTF Women's Tennis Circuit
The 1971 ILTF Women's Tennis Circuit was the 58th season since the formation of the International Lawn Tennis Federation in 1913, it consisted of a number of tennis tournaments for female tennis players.

It was composed of three circuits the first Virginia Slims Circuit with 19 events approved by the ILTF, and the first Grand Prix Circuit with 17 events under the auspices of the ILTF and the regular ILTF World Circuit, with 125 events makes up the majority of the 165 tournaments staged this year.
Bytom Odrzański mine
The Bytom Odrzański mine is a large mine in the west of Poland in Bytom Odrzański, Nowa Sól County, 360 km south-west of the capital, Warsaw. Bytom Odrzański represents one of the largest copper and silver reserve in Poland having estimated reserves of 31.5 million tonnes of ore grading 2.47% copper and 56 g/tonnes silver. The annual ore production is around 0.7 million tonnes from which 17,300 tonnes of copper and 39.2 tonnes of silver are extracted.

Bytom Odrzański
Bytom Odrzański [ˈbɨtɔm ɔˈdʐaɲskʲi] (German: Beuthen an der Oder) is a town on the bank of the Oder river in western Poland, in Nowa Sól County of Lubusz Voivodeship. As of December 2021, the town has a population of 4,191.
2021–22 Botola Pro
The 2021–22 Botola Pro, also known as Botola Pro Inwi for sponsorship reasons, is the 65th season of the Premier League and the 11th under its new format of Moroccan Pro League, the top Moroccan professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1956.

Wydad Casablanca came into the season as defending champions of the 2020–21 season. Olympique Khouribga and Jeunesse Soualem entered as the two promoted teams from the 2020–21 Botola 2.

The season began in September, 10th 2021 and ended in July, 5th 2022.

Wydad AC are crowned champions of this edition with a record of 22 Botola. Wydad AC and Raja CA drew the highest average home attendances in the 2021–22 Botola, with 45,000 and 40,087 respectively.

2020–21 Botola Pro
The 2020–21 Botola Pro, also known as Botola Pro Inwi for sponsorship reasons, is the 64th season of the Premier League and the 10th under its new format of Moroccan Pro League, the top Moroccan professional league for association football clubs, since its establishment in 1956.

Raja Casablanca came into the season as defending champions of the 2019–20 season. Chabab Mohammédia and Maghreb de Fès entered as the two promoted teams from the 2019–20 Botola 2.

The season began on 4 December 2020 and ended on 28 July 2021.

Wydad AC are crowned champions of this edition three rounds before the end of the tournament with a record of 21 Botola.
Māngere United League Football Club
The Mangere United League Football Club was a rugby league club which existed from 1915 to 1934 when they ceased to exist at the end of the season. They competed in the Auckland Rugby League competitions, predominantly in the lower grades. and were based in the Māngere suburb of Auckland, New Zealand. The club was predominantly made up of Māori players which was unique for the rugby league code in the Auckland region in its early decades.

City Newton Dragons
The City Newton Dragons are a defunct New Zealand rugby league club that was based at Victoria Park, Auckland. The club was created in 1948 by a merger of two original clubs, the City Rovers and Newton Rangers. Both the Rovers and the Rangers participated in the inaugural Auckland Rugby League competition in 1910. In 2004, the club was absorbed by the Ponsonby Ponies, who play a match in the City Newton colours annually to keep the heritage of the club alive.
2nd Royal Cheshire Militia
The 2nd Royal Cheshire Militia was a militia infantry battalion raised in Macclesfield, Cheshire, England in 1853.  Later linked to the regular Cheshire Regiment as its 4th (Militia) Battalion, the unit served in the Second Anglo-Boer War before disbandment in 1908.

Militia (United Kingdom)
The British Militia was the principal military reserve force of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland. Militia units were repeatedly raised in Great Britain during the Victorian and Edwardian eras for internal security duties and to defend against external invasions. The British Militia was transformed into the Special Reserve under the Territorial and Reserve Forces Act 1907 (7 Edw. 7. c. 9), which integrated all militia formations into the British Army.
Williamson A. Sangma
Williamson Ampang Sangma (18 October 1919 – 25 October 1990) was a Garo leader from India and the first Chief Minister of Meghalaya. He was also the Governor of Mizoram from July 1989 to February 1990.

Williamson was a statesman, tribal leader, and a pioneer in leading the struggle for the creation of Meghalaya state.

Autonomous administrative divisions of India
In India, there are autonomously administered territories for Scheduled Tribes, administered by representatives of those tribes. The Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India allows for the formation of Autonomous District Councils and Autonomous Regional Councils in Assam, Meghalaya, Mizoram, and Tripura, granting them autonomy within their respective territories. Currently, there are 10 Autonomous District Councils across these four states. In these areas, Acts of Parliament and state legislation do not apply.

Additionally, other autonomous councils, created by individual states through state legislation, exist in Northeast India, Ladakh, and West Bengal. Unlike those under the Sixth Schedule, these councils are subject to parliamentary and state laws.
LIESA
Liga Independente das Escolas de Samba do Rio de Janeiro (English: Independent League of the Samba Schools of Rio de Janeiro), commonly known by the acronym LIESA, is the principal association that organizes the Carnival of the city of Rio de Janeiro.

Unidos do Viradouro
Grêmio Recreativo Escola de Samba Unidos do Viradouro, or simply Viradouro or Unidos do Viradouro, is a samba school that competes in the Carnival city of Rio de Janeiro.
It is located in the Barreto neighborhood in Niterói.
2008 Washington gubernatorial election
The 2008 gubernatorial election in Washington was held on November 4, 2008. Republican Dino Rossi and incumbent Democratic Governor Christine Gregoire emerged from the August 19 primary. This made the 2008 election a rematch between the candidates from the 2004 election, the closest gubernatorial election in the state's history. In contrast to the recounts and months of legal challenges in their previous contest, Gregoire was the clear winner on November 5 with about 53% of the vote. With a margin of 6.48%, this election was the second-closest race of the 2008 gubernatorial election cycle, behind only the election in North Carolina.

2008 United States gubernatorial elections
United States gubernatorial elections were held on November 4, 2008, in 11 states and two territories. These elections coincided with the presidential election, as well as the elections of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives and many local elections, state elections, and ballot propositions. Prior to the election, eight of the total seats were held by Democrats and five by Republicans. Two governors were prohibited by term limits from seeking re-election in 2008.

The only governorship to change party was the open seat in Missouri, which was won by a Democrat after being previously held by a Republican. This is the last time that Democrats gained governorships in a presidential year.
Alan Williams (Carmarthen MP)
Alan Wynne Williams (born 21 December 1945) is a British Labour politician.

Williams was born in Carmarthen. He studied at Carmarthen Grammar School and Jesus College, Oxford. He was elected Member of Parliament for Carmarthen in 1987. Following constituency boundary changes in 1997, his seat was renamed Carmarthen East and Dinefwr. In 2001, however, he lost his seat to the Plaid Cymru candidate Adam Price.

Adam Price
Adam Robert Price (born 23 September 1968) is a Welsh politician who served as Leader of Plaid Cymru from September 2018 to May 2023. He has been the Member of the Senedd (MS) for Carmarthen East and Dinefwr since 2016, having previously been a Member of Parliament (MP) for the same Westminster constituency from 2001 to 2010.
Chifley, New South Wales
Chifley is a suburb in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia. Chifley is 13 km south-east of the Sydney central business district and is part of the City of Randwick. The postcode is 2036. Chifley is surrounded by the suburbs of Matraville, Malabar, Little Bay and Phillip Bay.

Phillip Bay, New South Wales
Phillip Bay is a suburb in the Eastern Suburbs of Sydney, in the state of New South Wales, Australia 13 kilometres south-east of the Sydney central business district, in the local government area of the City of Randwick. Its postcode is 2036.
Church of St. Augustine, Forest
The Church of St. Augustine (French: Église Saint-Augustin; Dutch: Sint-Augustinuskerk) is a Catholic parish church in Forest, a municipality of Brussels, Belgium. It is dedicated to Saint Augustine.

Designed by the architects Léon Guiannotte and André Watteyne in Art Deco style, and built between 1932 and 1935, it is one of three major churches in Brussels made of reinforced concrete (the other two are the Basilica of the Sacred Heart in Koekelberg and the Church of St. John the Baptist in Molenbeek-Saint-Jean). The building received protected status on 8 August 1988.

The church is located on the Place de l'Altitude Cent/Hoogte Honderdplein (a square named due to its altitude of one hundred metres above sea level), not far from Duden Park and the Chaussée d'Alsemberg/Alsembergse Steenweg. This site is served by the bus and tram stop Altitude Cent/Hoogte Honderd (on lines 18 and 48).

Duden Park
Duden Park (French: Parc Duden; Dutch: Dudenpark) is an urban public park in the municipality of Forest in Brussels, Belgium. It covers 24 hectares (59 acres) and has a level difference of 45 metres (148 ft), with its highest point being at an elevation of 90 metres (300 ft).

Duden Park is home to the historical football club Royale Union Saint-Gilloise with the Joseph Marien Stadium being located to the west of the park near the lowest point, at 55 metres (180 ft) elevation. The park is adjacent to Forest Park to its north.

View towards Duden Park

Duden Park château

LUCA, School of Arts in the park's château
Adreian Payne
Adreian DeAngleo Payne (February 19, 1991 – May 9, 2022) was an American professional basketball player. He played in the National Basketball Association (NBA) for the Atlanta Hawks, Minnesota Timberwolves, and Orlando Magic as well as for several European and Asian teams. Payne played college basketball for the Michigan State Spartans.

LNB Élite
The LNB Élite, currently known for sponsorship reasons as Betclic Élite, is a professional basketball league in France and is the highest level of the French basketball system. The competition has existed since 1921. Since 1987, the Ligue Nationale de Basket (LNB) has governed the league.

Formerly known as the LNB Pro A, each season consists of 16 teams. The bottom two placed teams from each season are relegated to the second tier level Élite 2. The winner of the play-offs of the league are crowned the French national champions.
Mesostigmatophyceae
The Mesostigmatophyceae are a class of basal green algae found in freshwater. In a narrow circumscription, the class contains a single genus, Mesostigma. AlgaeBase then places the class within its circumscription of Charophyta. A clade containing Chlorokybus and Spirotaenia may either be added, or treated as a sister, with Chlorokybus placed in a separate class, Chlorokybophyceae. When broadly circumscribed, Mesostigmatophyceae may be placed as sister to all other green algae, or as sister to all Streptophyta.

Chlorokybus
Chlorokybus is a multicellular (sarcinoid) genus of basal green algae or charophyte. It has been classified as the sole member of the family Chlorokybaceae, which is the sole member of the order Chlorokybales, in turn the sole member of the class Chlorokybophyceae. It grows on soil and rock surfaces, and is rare.
The Lash (1934 film)
The Lash is a 1934 British drama film directed by Henry Edwards and starring Lyn Harding, John Mills and Leslie Perrins. It was based on a play of the same name by Cyril Campion.  The film was made as a quota quickie by Twickenham Studios, one of the largest producers of Quota films.

Cinematograph Films Act 1927
The Cinematograph Films Act 1927 (17 & 18 Geo. 5. c. 29) was an act of the UK Parliament designed to stimulate the declining British film industry. It received royal assent on 22 December 1927 and came into force on 1 April 1928.
Maometto (Winter)
Maometto is an opera by Peter von Winter to a libretto by Felice Romani premièred in 1817 at La Scala, Milan. Romani's libretto is unusual in that it depicts Muhammad, the founder of Islam, following the 1736 play Mahomet by Voltaire, and not Mehmed the Conqueror, the Turkish sultan of the fifteenth century known from Rossini's Maometto II.

Mahomet (play)
Mahomet (French: Le fanatisme, ou Mahomet le Prophète, literally Fanaticism, or Mahomet the Prophet) is a five-act tragedy written in 1736 by French playwright and philosopher Voltaire. It received its debut performance in Lille on 25 April 1741.

The play is a study of religious fanaticism and self-serving manipulation based on an episode in the fictional biography of Muhammad, in which he orders the murder of his critics. Voltaire described the play as "written in opposition to the founder of a false and barbarous sect".
Kristina Olsen
Kristina Olsen (born May 26, 1957) is an American folk singer-songwriter and multi-instrumentalist who also incorporates influences from acoustic blues. As at 2022 she has released 13 albums (four on the recognised independent label Philo Records); all of her Philo albums achieved between 3 and 4 stars (represented as dog bones) in the 1998 MusicHound Folk:Essential Album Guide. On her Philo albums her accompanying musicians include U.S. guitarist Nina Gerber while several of her later albums include collaborations with the Australian cellist Peter Grayling. Her 2014 album Chemistry is a collaboration with U.S. guitarist Peter Snell who has previously worked with the well known songwriter and performer Lyle Lovett. Olsen is also noted for her extensive touring schedule both nationally and internationally.

Nina Gerber
Nina Gerber is an American guitarist who first came to attention when she accompanied singer-songwriter Kate Wolf from 1979 until Wolf's death in 1986.

Gerber was born and raised in Sebastopol, California. In 1975, Gerber was still at high school when she saw Kate Wolf perform at a Sebastopol pizza parlor, and decided she wanted to play with her, which she first achieved in 1978. Gerber has collaborated with many other artists, mostly folk musicians, including Karla Bonoff and songwriter Chris Webster.  She released her first album, Not Before Noon, in 2001.

In 1999, Gerber was awarded the Kate Wolf Memorial Award by the World Folk Music Association.
Cartier Champion Two-year-old Filly
The Cartier Champion Two-year-old Filly is an award in European horse racing, founded in 1991, and sponsored by Cartier SA as part of the Cartier Racing Awards. The award winner is decided by points earned in group races plus the votes cast by British racing journalists and readers of the Racing Post and The Daily Telegraph newspapers.

Cartier Racing Award
The Cartier Racing Awards are awards in European horse racing, founded in 1991, and sponsored by Cartier. The award winners are decided by points earned in group races (30%) plus the votes cast by British racing journalists (35%) and readers of the Racing Post and The Daily Telegraph newspapers (35%).

Eight horse awards are given out annually plus the Daily Telegraph Award of Merit to the person whom members of the Cartier jury believe has done the most for European racing and/or breeding either over their lifetime or within the previous 12 months.

The highest Cartier award for horses is "Horse of the Year".

The equivalent in Australia is the Australian Thoroughbred racing awards, in Japan the JRA Awards, in Canada the Sovereign Awards, and in the United States the Eclipse Awards.

Horse names are followed by a suffix indicating the country where foaled.
Prince Yeongyang
Prince Yeongyang (Korean: 영양군; Hanja: 永陽君; 29 May 1521 – 6 September 1561), personal name Yi Geo (이거; 李岠) was a Royal Prince of the Joseon period as the 4th son of Yi Yeok, King Jungjong, from Royal Noble Consort Chang. He was the paternal uncle of the 14th monarch, Yi Yeon, King Seonjo. He was said to be gentle and humble. He was the founder of "Cadet branch of Prince Yeongyang of the Jeonju Yi clan" (전주이씨 영양군파).

According to Veritable Records of the Joseon Dynasty, it was recorded that he and his half older-sister, Princess Uihye decorated their private manor (close with Princess Hyojeong's manor) in a lavish manner and got criticized for it.

Jeonju Yi clan
The Jeonju Yi clan or Jeonju Lee clan (Korean: 전주 이씨; Hanja: 全州 李氏) is a Korean clan with the surname Yi. Their bon-gwan is in Jeonju, North Jeolla Province. The clan includes the House of Yi that led Joseon and the Korean Empire.

Their founder was Yi Han. He was Minister of Works (사공; 司空) during the Silla Dynasty and became the ancestor of a prestigious and powerful clan that held influence from the Unified Silla period to the Goryeo period.

While there are no clear records of the ancestors of Yi Han, the founder of the Jeonju Yi clan, there are theories that he originated from the imperial family of the Tang Dynasty in China and lived in Jeonju after he came to Silla or that he branched off from the Gyeongju Yi clan, a native Silla clan.

Yi Han's descendant, Yi Sŏng-gye, seized power in a military coup and founded Joseon in 14th century.

In the 21st century, the Jeonju Lee Royal Family Association manages the affairs of the clan.
Registered Teacher Programme
The Registered Teacher Programme (RTP) was a programme in England and Wales for non-graduates to complete a degree, and gain qualified teacher status.  The programme was designed for people that had completed two years of higher education, and had gained a qualification such as a Higher National Diploma or Foundation degree.

To be on the Registered Teacher Programme, a person was required to work in a school as an unqualified teacher, usually for two years.  The minimum wage for a person on the programme was £15,461, with the school getting a grant of £9,100 from the (now-defunct) Training and Development Agency for Schools to help towards the cost of employment.

Qualified teacher status
Qualified teacher status (QTS) or Qualified Teacher Learning and Skills status (QTLS) is required in England and Wales to work as a teacher of children in state schools under local authority control, and in special education schools. QTS is not required at academies, free schools or independent schools. A similar status exists under a different name in Scotland and Northern Ireland.
2020s in music
This article outlines trends in popular music during the 2020s, primarily in the United States and English-speaking countries. The early years of the decade were particularly challenging for the music industry, as the COVID-19 pandemic forced widespread concert cancellations and disrupted traditional live performances. In response, video platforms like TikTok quickly rose to prominence, becoming key tastemakers and driving musical trends by launching viral hits. By mid-2023, the industry recorded its highest annual revenue to date ($8.4 billion), partly due to the growth of streaming subscriptions.

Jersey club
Jersey club (originally called Brick City club) is a style of electronic club music that originated in Newark, New Jersey, in the late 90s/early 2000s. It was pioneered by DJ Tameil, Mike V, and DJ Tim Dolla of the Brick Bandits crew, who were inspired by Baltimore club's uptempo hybrid of house and hip hop. Subsequent young producers pushed for the progression of the style in the late 2000s, bringing it to global audiences.

Similarly to its Baltimore influences, Jersey club is an aggressive style defined by its fast, “bouncy” groove at tempos near 130–140 BPM, but more prominent use of staccato, chopped samples and heavy tresillo or shuffled triplet kick patterns. The style often consists of remixes of rap and R&B tracks. It is often accompanied by frenetic, competitive dances which have gained global popularity through viral videos.