hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
David Ghazaryan
David Ghazaryan (Armenian: Դավիթ Ղազարյան; 5 May 1989 – September–October 2020) was an Armenian Lieutenant-Colonel, who participated and fell during the Second Nagorno-Karabakh war. In 2020, he was posthumously awarded the military award of Hero of Artsakh.

Hero of Artsakh
Hero of Artsakh (Armenian: Արցախի հերոս, romanized: Artsakhi heros) was the highest title of the self-proclaimed Republic of Artsakh. According to the official website of the President of Artsakh, the title Hero of Artsakh "is awarded for exceptional services in the defense of the state, strengthening its economic might, and for creating significant national values."

Recipients of the title are decorated with the Order of the Golden Eagle.

In 2016 Robert Abajyan became the 24th "Hero of Artsakh" awardee, as well as the youngest person ever to hold the title at 19 years old.

During and after 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh war 23 servicemen were awarded the highest state title of "Hero of Artsakh".
Jakhanikhal
Jakhnikhal is a tehsil, or administrative division, in the Pauri Garhwal district of the state of Uttarakhand, India. It contains 109 revenue villages taken out of Yamkeshwar and Lansdowne tehsils in 2017.

The economy of Jakhnikhal is primarily agricultural, with rice, wheat, and other crops being the main sources of income for the local population. There are also a number of small businesses, such as shops, hotels and restaurants, in the area. The tehsil is part of Yamkeshwar assembly constituency.

Yamkeshwar
Yamkeshwar is a tehsil in the district of Pauri Garhwal, in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It comes under Kotdwar sub-division. The place gets its name from the ancient temple of Yamkeshwar, which according to local lore is the place where Markandeya rishi was saved from Yamaraj by God Shiva.

The tehsil is part of Yamkeshwar Assembly constituency and currently represented by Renu Bisht of BJP. The tehsil also has the ancestral village of UP CM Yogi Adityanath.

The tehsil is well connected by road and can be reached either from Haridwar and Rishikesh, or through Kotdwar and Lansdowne. Majority of the Tehsil is rural and hilly area. Most people find employment in agriculture or tourism activities. In 2022, the tehsil was in the news for the Ankita Bhandari murder case.
Target Healthcare REIT
Target Healthcare REIT is a British property investment company which invests in healthcare properties and holds a large portfolio of care homes. It is structured as a real estate investment trust (REIT) and is listed on the London Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the FTSE 250 Index.

FTSE 250 Index
The Financial Times Stock Exchange 250 Index, also called the FTSE 250 Index, FTSE 250, or, informally, the "Footsie 250" /ˈfʊtsi/, is a stock market index that consists of the 101st to the 350th mid-cap blue chip companies listed on the London Stock Exchange.
Hino Profia
The Hino Profia (Japanese: 日野プロフィア) is a heavy duty cab-over truck produced by Hino Motors, a 50.1% subsidiary of Toyota Motor Corporation. It was introduced in 1981. In most export markets, it is also known as the Hino 700 Series. The name Profia is officially used in Japan, and was previously known as the Super Dolphin Profia. The Hino F-Series truck's model codes are FN, FP, FR, FS, and FW. The tractor head model codes are SH and SS, in Japan the truck’s traditional competitors are Isuzu Giga, Mitsubishi Fuso Super Great and UD Quon.

UD Quon
The UD Quon (kana: UD・クオン) is a heavy-duty commercial vehicle produced by the Japanese manufacturer UD Trucks. Quon was originally developed by Nissan Diesel Corporation with the world first implementation of Selective catalytic reduction (SCR) system to an automobile.
Fortunian
47°04′34″N 55°49′52″W﻿ / ﻿47.0762°N 55.8310°W﻿ / 47.0762; -55.8310
The Fortunian age marks the beginning of the Phanerozoic Eon, the Paleozoic Era, and the Cambrian Period. It is the first of the two stages of the Terreneuvian series. Its base is defined as the first appearance of the trace fossil Treptichnus pedum 538.8 million years ago. The top of the Fortunian which is the base of the Stage 2 of the Cambrian has not been formally defined yet, but will correspond to the appearance of an Archeocyatha species or "Small shelly fossils" approximately 529 million years ago.

The name Fortunian is derived from the town of Fortune on the Burin Peninsula, near the GSSP and Fortune Bay.

Stage (stratigraphy)
In chronostratigraphy, a stage is a succession of rock strata laid down in a single age on the geologic timescale, which usually represents millions of years of deposition.  A given stage of rock and the corresponding age of time will by convention have the same name, and the same boundaries.

Rock series are divided into stages, just as geological epochs are divided into ages. Stages are divided into smaller stratigraphic units called chronozones or substages, and added together into superstages.

The term faunal stage is sometimes used, referring to the fact that the same fauna (animals) are found throughout the layer (by definition).
Lexical aspect
In linguistics, the lexical aspect, situation type or Aktionsart (German pronunciation: [ʔakˈtsi̯oːnsˌʔaːɐ̯t], plural Aktionsarten [ʔakˈtsi̯oːnsˌʔaːɐ̯tn̩]) of an event is part of the way in which that event is structured in relation to time. For example, the English verbs arrive and run differ in their lexical aspect since the former describes an event which has a natural endpoint while the latter does not. Lexical aspect differs from grammatical aspect in that it is an inherent semantic property of a predicate, while grammatical aspect is a syntactic or morphological property. Although lexical aspect need not be marked morphologically, it has downstream grammatical effects, for instance that arrive can be modified by "in an hour" while believe cannot.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Jeanne Varney Pleasants
Jeanne Varney Pleasants (24 June 1898 – 16 February 1986) was a French-born phonetician and educator. She spent several decades working at Columbia University and Barnard College, where she was a professor of French and started the institutions' first language labs. She was a 1947 Guggenheim Fellow and published the book Etudes sur l'E Muet in 1956.

American Association of Teachers of French
The American Association of Teachers of French (AATF) is a professional organization for teachers of French in the United States founded in 1927. Teachers who join this association may be involved in primary, secondary, or university-level French education. Additionally, retired and student teachers are also welcome. Currently there are about 10,000 members. As the interest in French has declined in the United States since the 1980s, the organization has held annual conventions to bring together teachers and educators to find ways to promote French outside the traditional curriculum.

The AATF's official publication is called The French Review, which has the largest circulation of any scholarly journal on the French language. Carine Bourget, Professor of French and Francophone Studies at the University of Arizona, is its editor in chief. Michel Gueldry of Missouri Science and Technology is the current managing editor.
Parry Sound (provincial electoral district)
Parry Sound was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was created in 1886 when the riding of Muskoka and Parry Sound was split two ridings: Muskoka and Parry Sound. It was abolished in 1999 when it was merged into the riding of Parry Sound—Muskoka.

Muskoka (provincial electoral district)
Muskoka was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It existed in various incarnations and names throughout its existence. It started as Muskoka-Parry Sound in 1875 and then changed to Muskoka in 1886. In 1934 it changed to Muskoka-Ontario and lasted until 1955 when it changed back to Muskoka. In 1987 it changed again to Muskoka-Georgian Bay. It was eliminated by redistribution in 1999, and its territories went to the new ridings of Parry Sound—Muskoka (66%) and Simcoe North (34%).
Helena Konttinen
Helena Konttinen (18 June 1871 in Uukuniemi (today's Parikkala and part of Russia), Finland – 24 April 1916 in Uukuniemi, Finland) was a Finnish Christian prophet, a "sleeping preacher", whose religious activities were between the years 1893 and 1916, mostly located at Uukuniemi. Konttinen was married and she had four children.

Konttinen's activity resulted in revivalism called "uukuniemiläisyys".

Uukuniemi
Uukuniemi is a former municipality of Finland.

It was located in the province of Southern Finland and was part of the South Karelia region. The municipality had a population of 502 (2004) and it covered an area of 156.58 km² of which 54.88 km² was water. The population density was 5.52 inhabitants per km². The village of Niukkala was the former administrative center of Uukuniemi. Uukuniemi was once the northernmost and the easternmost municipality of the Kymi province.

The municipality was unilingually Finnish. It was annexed with municipalities of Saari and Parikkala on January 1, 2005. The new municipality was named Parikkala.
Connecticut's 139th House of Representatives district
Connecticut's 139th House district is one of 151 Connecticut House of Representatives districts. It is currently vacant and was most recently represented by Kevin Ryan of Montville. Prior to the redistricting of 1992, the 139th district was in Norwalk.

Montville, Connecticut
Montville is a town in New London County, Connecticut,  United States. The town is part of the Southeastern Connecticut Planning Region. The population was 18,387 at the 2020 census.

The villages of Chesterfield, Mohegan, Oakdale, and Uncasville are located within the town; the latter two have their own ZIP Codes. Town residents often identify with these villages more than the Town of Montville as a whole. The Mohegan Sun casino resort is located in the village of Uncasville.
Lorez Alexandria
Lorez Alexandria (born Dolorez Alexandria Turner; August 14, 1929 – May 22, 2001) was an American jazz singer, described as "one of the most gifted and underrated jazz singers of the twentieth century". She became established in the midwest before moving to Los Angeles in the mid-1960s. Jazz critics have compared her to Dinah Washington, Sarah Vaughan, Carmen McRae, and Ella Fitzgerald.

King Records (United States)
King Records is an American label founded in 1943 by Syd Nathan in Cincinnati, Ohio, United States. The label owned several divisions, including Federal Records, which launched the career of James Brown. It released original material until 1975.
Pie-IX Boulevard
Pie-IX Boulevard (French: boulevard Pie-IX, pronounced [piˈnœf] in both English and French), named after Pope Pius IX, is a major boulevard in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It runs for roughly 11 km (6.8 mi) in a northwest–southeast direction between Henri Bourassa Boulevard and Notre-Dame East. Pie-IX Boulevard runs past the Montreal Botanical Gardens and the Olympic Stadium. The boulevard forms part of Quebec Route 125.

It traverses the boroughs of Mercier–Hochelaga-Maisonneuve, Rosemont–La Petite-Patrie, Villeray–Saint-Michel–Parc-Extension and Montréal-Nord.

Notre-Dame Street
Notre-Dame Street (officially in French: Rue Notre-Dame) is a historic east–west street located in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. It runs parallel to the Saint Lawrence River, from Lachine to the eastern tip of the island in Pointe-aux-Trembles, then continuing off the island into the Lanaudière region.

One of the oldest streets in Montreal, Notre-Dame was created in 1672. The gardens of Château Vaudreuil, which had served as the official residence in Montreal of the Governors General of New France from 1723, fronted Notre-Dame. The street's extension in 1821 led to the demolition of Montreal's Citadel. The Bingham house, which became Donegana's Hotel, was also located on Notre-Dame. In the early 1900s, it was the site of the former Dominion Park.
Spheniscus muizoni
Spheniscus muizoni is an extinct species of banded penguins that lived during the early Late Miocene in what is now Peru, South America. The species, the earliest member of the extant genus, was described in 2007 by Ursula B. Göhlich based on fossils found in the fossiliferous Pisco Formation of the Pisco Basin, southwestern Peru.

Pisco Basin
Pisco Basin (Spanish: Cuenca de Pisco) is a sedimentary basin extending over 300 kilometres (190 mi) in southwestern Peru. The basin has a 2-kilometre (1.25-mile) thick sedimentary fill, which is about half the thickness of more northern foreland basins in Peru.

The oldest known sediments are the Eocene sandstones of the Caballas Formation, while the youngest deposits, the fossiliferous Pisco Formation, date to the Early Pleistocene. In relation to present-day, topography the fill of Pisco Basin makes the upper part of the Coastal Cordillera of southern Peru, the coastal plains, the Ica-Nazca Depression and the Andean foothills.

The basin is renowned for hosting various highly fossiliferous stratigraphic units; the Pisco Formation has provided a wealth of marine mammals (including sloths), birds, fish and other groups, as have the Chilcatay, Otuma and Paracas Formations.
Jamal Bhuyan
Jamal Haris Bhuyan (Bengali: জামাল হ্যারিস ভূঁইয়া; born 10 April 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for Bangladesh Football League club Brothers Union. Born in Denmark, he captains the Bangladesh national team.

2014–15 Bangladesh Premier League (football)
The 2014–15 Bangladesh Premier League is also known as Manyavar Bangladesh Premier League due to the sponsorship from Manyavar. It was the 8th season of the Bangladesh Premier League since its establishment in 2007. A total of 11 teams compete in the league.

Sheikh Jamal Dhanmondi Club are the defending champions, having won their Bangladesh Premier League title the previous season. Farashganj SC and Rahmatganj MFS entered as the two promoted teams.
Ooh La La (Guster album)
Ooh La La is the ninth studio album by Guster. It was preceded by the singles "Keep Going" and "All Day", and was released on May 17, 2024. It was mainly produced by Josh Kaufman, who had previously produced albums for the National and the Hold Steady. It is their first album since 2019's Look Alive, which was released over five years prior.

Look Alive (Guster album)
Look Alive is the eighth studio album by American alternative rock band Guster, released on January 18, 2019. It is their first studio release since Evermotion in 2015, almost exactly four years earlier.
Lasithi massacres
The Lasithi massacres were a series of massacres committed against ethnic Turkish and Cretan Muslim civilians in 1897. They occurred in the Lasithi region of eastern Crete. Between 850  and around 1,000 people were murdered, including women and children.

Cretan State
The Cretan State (Greek: Κρητική Πολιτεία, romanized: Kritiki Politeia; Ottoman Turkish: كرید دولتی, romanized: Girid Devleti) was an autonomous state governing the island of Crete from 1898 to 1913, under de jure suzerainty of the Ottoman Empire but with de facto independence secured by European Great Powers. In 1897, the Cretan Revolt led the Ottoman Empire to declare war on Greece, which led the United Kingdom, France, Italy and Russia to intervene on the grounds that the Ottoman Empire could no longer maintain control.  The Cretan State was the prelude to the island's final annexation to the Kingdom of Greece, which occurred de facto in 1908 and de jure in 1913 after the First Balkan War.
Boscaswell
Boscaswell (Cornish: Boscaswal) is a village in the extreme west of Cornwall, England, UK. It lies towards the cliffs from Pendeen, looking west across fields to the Atlantic Ocean.  Boscaswell lies within the St Just in Penwith division of Cornwall Council. The village consists mainly of terraced cottages, built of granite, and a council house estate. Many of the cottages would once have housed families whose menfolk worked at the Geevor Tin Mine. Higher Boscaswell is a hamlet south-east of Pendeen.

Higher Boscaswell
Higher Boscaswell is a hamlet near Pendeen in west Cornwall, England. It is east of Pendeen and on the B road from St Ives to St Just. Higher Boscaswell is included in the St Just in Penwith division on Cornwall Council.
Bertie Reed
Stanley John Reed (more commonly known as Bertie Reed; 19 January 1943 – 18 December 2006) was a South African yachtsman. He was the first South African to complete three singlehanded circumnavigations.

Velux 5 Oceans Race
The Velux 5 Oceans Race was a round-the-world single-handed yacht race, sailed in stages, managed by Clipper Ventures since 2000. Its most recent name comes from its main sponsor Velux. Originally known as the BOC Challenge, for the title sponsor BOC, the first edition was in 1982. In the late 1990s the race was renamed the Around Alone. The 2010-11 race was the last to take place and attracted just five entries. The event has not been held since.
Kalika Rural Municipality
is a Rural municipality located within the Rasuwa District of the Bagmati Province of Nepal.
The municipality spans 192.54 square kilometres (74.34 sq mi) of area, with a total population of 9,421 according to a 2011 Nepal census.

On March 10, 2017, the Government of Nepal restructured the local level bodies into 753 new local level structures.
The previous Ramche, small portion of Laharepauwa, Dhaibung and half portion of Bhorle VDCs were merged to form Kalika Rural Municipality.
Kalika is divided into 5 wards, with Dhaibung declared the administrative center of the rural municipality.

Dhaibung
Dhaibung is a village development committee in Rasuwa District in the Bagmati Zone of northern Nepal.  At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3880 people living in 724 individual households.
December 25 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
December 24 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - December 26

All fixed commemorations below are observed on January 7 by Eastern Orthodox Churches on Old Calendar.

For December 25th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on December 12.

December 12 (Eastern Orthodox liturgics)
December 11 - Eastern Orthodox liturgical calendar - December 13

All fixed commemorations below celebrated on December 25 by Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar.

For December 12th, Orthodox Churches on the Old Calendar commemorate the Saints listed on November 29.
Ai Xia
Ai Xia (Chinese: 艾霞; 29 November 1912 – 15 February 1934) was a Chinese left-wing silent film actress and screenwriter. She committed suicide in 1934, the first Chinese actor to have done so. Her suicide inspired Cai Chusheng's classic film New Women starring Ruan Lingyu, who also killed herself soon after the release of the film.

Cinema of China
The cinema of China is the filmmaking and film industry of mainland China, one of three distinct historical threads of Chinese-language cinema together with the cinema of Hong Kong and the cinema of Taiwan. China is the home of the largest movie and drama production complex and film studios in the world, the Oriental Movie Metropolis and Hengdian World Studios. In 2012 the country became the second-largest market in the world by box office receipts behind only the United States. In 2016, the gross box office in China was CN¥45.71 billion (US$6.58 billion). China has also become a major hub of business for Hollywood studios.
Methodist Church in Sri Lanka
The Methodist Church of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රි ලංකා මෙතොදිස්ත සභාව Sri Lanka Methodista Sabhava) (Tamil language: இலங்கை மெதடிஸ்த திருச்சபை Illangai Methadistha Thiruchabai) is a Protestant Christian denomination in Sri Lanka. Its headquarters is in Colombo and was established on 29 June 1814. It is a member of the World Council of Churches, the Christian Conference of Asia, the National Christian Council of Sri Lanka and the World Methodist Council.

Vembadi Girls High School
Vembadi Girls’ High School (Tamil: வேம்படி மகளிர் உயர்தரப் பாடசாலை Vēmpaṭi Mahaḷir Uyartarap Pāṭacālai) is a national school in Jaffna, Sri Lanka. Founded in 1834 by British Methodist missionaries, it is one of Sri Lanka's oldest schools.
North Weston, Somerset
North Weston is a village in the civil parish of Portishead, in the North Somerset district of Somerset, England. It lies between Portishead and Weston-in-Gordano, within the parish of Portishead. In the 2001 census the North Weston ward (which includes the Redcliffe Bay area of Portishead) had a population of 3,890.

At the north end of the village is Gordano School. To the west of the village lies Weston Big Wood.

North Weston was historically a hamlet in the parish of Portishead. It was created a separate civil parish on 31 December 1894. On 1 April 1993 the parish was reunited with Portishead. The name of the parish was then "Portishead and North Weston" from 1993 to 2011 when the name was changed to just Portishead. In 1971 the parish had a population of 2469.

Weston Big Wood
Weston Big Wood (grid reference ST455750) is a 37.48 hectare woodland west of the town of Portishead, North Somerset, England. It is a nature reserve and biological Site of Special Scientific Interest, notified in 1971.  The wood takes its name from the nearby village of Weston-in-Gordano.
The Builder (short story)
"The Builder" is a science fiction short story by American writer Philip K. Dick. It was first published in the magazine  Amazing Stories, in December, 1953-January 1954, with illustration by Ed Emshwiller.  Dick had submitted many short stories to magazines and made approximately fifteen sales before becoming a client of the Scott Meredith Literary Agency. This was his first SMLA submission, received by SMLA on July 23, 1952. His second SMLA submission was Meddler, received by SMLA on July 24, 1952. The SMLA file card for "The Builder" shows it was submitted to mainstream magazines The Atlantic Monthly and Harper's before it was submitted to Amazing Stories and has an SMLA sub-agent's notation, "IT ISN'T SCIENCE FICTION".

Meddler (short story)
"Meddler" is a science fiction short story by American writer Philip K. Dick. It was first published in Future Science Fiction, October 1954 with illustration by Virgil Finlay.  Dick had submitted many short stories to magazines and made approximately fifteen sales before becoming a client of the Scott Meredith Literary Agency. This was his second SMLA submission, received by SMLA on July 24, 1952. His first SMLA submission was The Builder, received by SMLA on July 23, 1952.