hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Avichay Adraee
Avichay Adraee (Hebrew: אביחי אדרעי; Arabic: أفيخاي أدرعي; born 19 July 1982) is a Colonel in the Israel Defense Forces who served as the head of the Arab media division of the IDF Spokesperson's Unit until 2026 and is engaged in military public diplomacy. As a result of his position, he receives extensive exposure in the Arab media and is known throughout the Arab world. He is of Syrian Jewish, Iraqi Jewish, and Turkish Jewish descent.

Hasbara
The public diplomacy of Israel, or hasbara (Hebrew: הַסְבָּרָה), includes mass communication and individual interaction with foreign nationals through social and traditional media, as well as cultural diplomacy. Organizations involved include the IDF Spokesperson's Unit, Prime Minister's Office, Ministry of Foreign Affairs, and pro-Israel civil society organizations. Historically, these efforts have evolved from being called "propaganda" by early Zionists (when the term was considered neutral), with Theodor Herzl advocating such activities in 1899, to the more contemporary Hebrew term hasbara introduced by Nahum Sokolow, which roughly means "explaining". This communicative strategy seeks to justify actions and is considered reactive and event-driven.
Esporte Clube Primeiro Passo Vitória da Conquista
Esporte Clube Primeiro Passo Vitória da Conquista, commonly referred to as Vitória da Conquista, is a Brazilian football club based in Vitória da Conquista, Bahia. The club plays in Série D, the fourth tier of Brazilian football, as well as in the Campeonato Baiano, the top level of the Bahia state football league.

They competed in the Série C in 2008, and in the Série D in 2011, 2012, 2013 and 2014.

2014 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D
The 2014 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D, was the sixth edition of the Campeonato Brasileiro Serie D, the fourth division of the Brazilian League.

Contested by 40 teams, the season began on July 27, 2014, and ended on November 16, 2014 with the finals, which was won by Tombense.
Hypostomus commersoni
Hypostomus commersoni is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is native to South America, where it occurs in the Paraná River drainage, including the Iguazu River, the Paraguay River, the Río de la Plata, and the Dulce River. It is typically found in rivers with muddy substrates and moderate currents. The water that H. commersoni inhabits usually has a temperature of 16.8 to 27.8 °C (62.2 to 82.0 °F), a pH of 7.2 to 9.2, a turbidity of 23.7 to 442 NTU, an oxygen concentration of 6.1 to 9.1 mg/L, and a conductivity of 1.087 to 2.654 μS/cm.

H. commersoni reaches 60.5 cm (23.8 inches) in total length and can reportedly weigh at least 1.8 kg (4 lbs). It appears in the aquarium trade, where it is often known as Commerson's pleco.

Turbidity
Turbidity is the cloudiness or haziness of a fluid caused by large numbers of individual particles that are generally invisible to the naked eye. The measurement of turbidity is a key test of both water clarity and water quality.

Fluids can contain suspended solid matter consisting of particles of many different sizes. While some suspended material will be large enough and heavy enough to settle rapidly to the bottom of the container if a liquid sample is left to stand (the settable solids), very small particles will settle only very slowly or not at all if the sample is regularly agitated or the particles are colloidal. These small solid particles cause the liquid to appear turbid.

Turbidity (or haze) is also applied to transparent solids such as glass or plastic. In plastic production, haze is defined as the percentage of light that is deflected more than 2.5° from the incoming light direction.
Catholic University of Tachira
Catholic University of Tachira (Universidad Católica del Táchira – UCAT) in San Cristobal, capital of Táchira state in Venezuela, originated in 1962 as an extension of Andrés Bello Catholic University of the Society of Jesus.

Andrés Bello Catholic University
Andrés Bello Catholic University (Spanish: Universidad Católica Andrés Bello) is a private university in Venezuela. One of the largest universities in Venezuela, UCAB has campuses in several cities, such as Caracas (main campus), Los Teques, Guayana, and Coro.

Named for Venezuelan writer Andrés Bello, UCAB was founded in October 1953 by the Society of Jesus (Episcopado Venezolano a la Compañía de Jesús). In 2025, it was ranked as the third best and top private university in Venezuela.
Anne-Maria Laukkanen
Anne-Maria Laukkanen (born 1966) is a Finnish researcher (1990–) and a permanent full professor (2001–) of speech technique and vocology at the University of Tampere.

She has supervised 12 doctoral dissertations and 23 master theses and is now supervising 7 doctoral dissertations. She is a peer reviewer in 23 international scientific journals.

Primary Research Interests: Voice quality in speech and singing, effects and bases of vocal exercises, effects and mechanisms of vocal loading, and applicability of various research methods in vocology.

Her textbook The Wonderful Human Voice: Fundamentals of Sound Use and Speech Technique, Evaluation, Measurement and Development has been used for university teaching in Finnish speech therapy and vocology since 1999.

Vocology
Vocology is the science and practice of vocal habilitation, or vocal training and therapy. Its concerns include the nature of speech and language pathology, the defects of the vocal tract (laryngology), the remediation of speech therapy, and the voice training (voice therapy) and voice pedagogy of song and speech for actors and public speakers.

In its broadest sense, vocology is the study of voice, but as a professional discipline it has a narrower focus: the science and practice of voice habilitation, which includes evaluation, diagnosis, and intervention.
Lutfur Rehman (politician)
Lutf ur Rehman (Urdu: مولانا لطف الرحمان) is a Pakistani politician hailing from Dera Ismail Khan belong to Jamiat Ulema-e Islam (F). He served as a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from May 2013 to May 2018 and from August 2018 to January 2023. He served as the Leader of the Opposition of the 10th Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly.

Dera Ismail Khan
Dera Ismail Khan (/deɪrʌ-ɪsmaɪ.iːl-xɑːn/; Saraiki: ڈیرہ اسماعیل خان, Pashto: ډېره اسماعيل خان), abbreviated as D.I. Khan, is a city and headquarters of Dera Ismail Khan District, located in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is the 10th largest city of Pakistan and third or fourth largest in the province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa by population. Dera Ismail Khan is situated on the west bank of the Indus River, at its junction with the Gomal River.

It is 300 kilometres (190 mi) south of the provincial capital Peshawar, and 230 kilometres (140 mi) northwest of Multan, Punjab.
Bärbel Wöckel
Bärbel Wöckel, née Bärbel Eckert, (born 21 March 1955) is a former East German sprinter. She never ran a world record in the individual disciplines. However, she ran several world records as part of relay teams with Doris Maletzki, Renate Stecher and Christina Heinich over 4 × 100 meters, the last time on September 8, 1974, in Rome. At the GDR Championships she took first place in the 4 × 100-meter relay in 1974, 1977, 1978, 1981 to 1984. In 1976 she won third place with the team.

Documents uncovered after the fall of communism showed that during this time, Wöckel, like many of her East German colleagues, was forced to participate in the state-organized doping program. Despite this, her records and medals have been allowed to stand.

Renate Stecher
Renate Stecher (German pronunciation: [ʁənaːtə ˈʃtɛçɐ], audioⓘ; née Renate Meißner; born 12 May 1950) is a German (former East German) sprint runner and a triple Olympic champion. She held 34 world records and was the first woman to run 100 metres within 11 seconds.
Timothy McCarthy (sailor)
Timothy McCarthy (15 July 1888 – 16 March 1917) was an Irish leading seaman (LB). He is best known for his service in the Imperial Trans-Antarctic Expedition of 1914–1916, for which he was awarded the Bronze Polar Medal.

Leading seaman
Leading seaman is a junior non-commissioned rank or rate in navies, particularly those of the Commonwealth. When it is used by NATO nations, leading seaman has the rank code of OR-4. It is often equivalent to the army and air force rank of corporal and some navies use corporal rather than leading seaman.

The rank is used in the navies of Australia, Bangladesh, Canada (Sailor First Class), Finland, Ghana, Greece, India, Ireland, Namibia, New Zealand, Norway, Pakistan, South Africa, Sri Lanka and the United Kingdom.
Border Saddlemates
Border Saddlemates is a 1952 American Western film directed by William Witney, written by Albert DeMond and starring Rex Allen, Mary Ellen Kay, Slim Pickens, Roy Barcroft, Forrest Taylor and Jimmy Moss. The film was released on April 15, 1952 by Republic Pictures.

Forrest Taylor
Edwin Forrest Taylor (December 29, 1883 – February 19, 1965) was an American character actor whose artistic career spanned six different decades, from silents through talkies to the advent of color films.
Burn (2019 film)
Burn is a 2019 American comedy crime thriller film written and directed by Mike Gan. It stars Tilda Cobham-Hervey, Suki Waterhouse, Harry Shum Jr., Shiloh Fernandez and Josh Hutcherson.

It was released on August 23, 2019, by Momentum Pictures to mixed or average reviews.

Momentum Pictures
Alliance Films (UK) Limited, trading as Momentum Pictures, was a British film distributor owned by Alliance Films and operated as their UK division. It was one of the leading independent distributors of films in the UK and Ireland until being folded into Entertainment One UK in 2013 following the purchase of Alliance Films by the company.

Entertainment One later revived the brand in 2015 to release independent films in North America and other international territories. This incarnation of the distributor would be folded in 2023 after the sale of Entertainment One to Lionsgate.
Alfred Constantine Barry
Alfred Constantine Barry (July 15, 1815 – March 5, 1888) was an American educator, politician, Universalist minister, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was Wisconsin's 4th superintendent of public instruction (1855–1858) and served one term in the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Kenosha County during the 1864 term.  During the American Civil War he served as a Union Army chaplain and recruiter.  His name was generally abbreviated as A. Constantine Barry.

Kenosha County, Wisconsin
Kenosha County (/kəˈnoʊʃə/ ⓘ) is located in the southeastern corner of the U.S. state of Wisconsin. As of the 2020 census, the population was 169,151, and was estimated to be 168,754 in 2024, making it the eighth-most populous county in Wisconsin. Its county seat and the largest city is Kenosha, the fourth-largest city in Wisconsin.

Kenosha County is situated on the southwestern shore of Lake Michigan. It is part of the Chicago metropolitan area. The county has a direct rail link to Chicago via Metra's Union Pacific North Line. In 2022, Kenosha County was ranked 16th out of 72 Wisconsin counties for tourism revenue, at $424 million in 2022.
Tim Parnell
Reginald Harold Haslam "Tim" Parnell Jr. (25 June 1932 – 5 April 2017) was a British racing driver from England. He was the son of Reg Parnell, another racing driver.

Parnell participated in four Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 18 July 1959, and qualified for two of them. He scored no championship points. His only finish was tenth place in the 1961 Italian Grand Prix at Monza.

After his father's death in 1964, Parnell took on the running of Reg Parnell Racing and on occasion managed his own team with entries for Mike Spence and Pedro Rodriguez.  He went on to manage the BRM Formula One team from 1970–74.

Parnell died on 5 April 2017 at the age of 84.

Mike Spence
Michael Henderson Spence  (30 December 1936 – 7 May 1968) was a British racing driver from Surrey in England. He participated in 37 Formula One World Championship Grands Prix, debuting on 8 September 1963. He achieved one podium, and scored a total of 27 championship points. He also participated in numerous non-Championship Formula One races, as well as sports car racing.
Sven Alkalaj
Sven Alkalaj (Bosnian pronunciation: [sʋêːn âlkalaj]; born 11 November 1948) is a Bosnian diplomat who has served as Bosnia and Herzegovina's ambassador to the United States since June 2023. He previously served as the Permanent Representative of Bosnia and Herzegovina to the United Nations from 2019 to 2023. Alkalaj also served as Minister of Foreign Affairs from 2007 until 2012. He is the country's longest-serving foreign minister.

Alkalaj served as Bosnia and Herzegovina's inaugural ambassador to the United States from 1994 to 2000. He held the post of executive secretary of UNECE between 2012 and 2014 as well. He is one of the most prominent Bosnian Jews of Sephardic origin and has been a longtime member of the Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Ministry of Foreign Affairs (Bosnia and Herzegovina)
The Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Serbo-Croatian: Ministarstvo vanjskih poslova Bosne i Hercegovine / Министарство иностраних послова Босне и Херцеговине) is the governmental department which oversees the foreign relations of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
Reader Rabbit 2
Reader Rabbit 2 is a 1991 educational video game, the sequel to Reader Rabbit and the fourth game in the Reader Rabbit franchise. A facelift was given to the game's predecessor to match the graphical fidelity of Reader Rabbit 2.

Reader Rabbit
Reader Rabbit is an educational video game franchise created in 1984 by The Learning Company. The series is aimed at children from infancy to the age of nine. In 1998, a spiritual successor series called The ClueFinders was released for older students aged seven to twelve.

The games teach language arts including basic skills in reading and spelling and mathematics. The main character in all the titles is named "Reader Rabbit".
Olympic sports
Olympic sports are sports that are contested in the Summer Olympic Games and Winter Olympic Games. The 2024 Summer Olympics included 32 sports; the 2022 Winter Olympics included seven sports. Each Olympic sport is represented at the International Olympic Committee (IOC) by an international governing body called an International Federation (IF).

The 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo saw the introduction of four new sports, with karate, skateboarding, sport climbing and surfing making their Olympic debuts. Breakdancing made its debut at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, and ski mountaineering made its debut at the 2026 Winter Olympics in Italy. Flag football and squash will make their debuts at the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, while cricket and lacrosse will return after long absences.

Lacrosse at the Summer Olympics
Lacrosse has been contested at two editions of the Summer Olympic Games, 1904 and 1908. Both times a Canadian team won the competition. In its first year, two teams from Canada and one team from the United States competed at the games in St. Louis, Missouri. Only two teams, one from Canada and one from Great Britain, competed in 1908 in London.

Lacrosse was also held as a demonstration event at the 1928, 1932, and 1948 Summer Olympics. In 1928 and 1932, the United States was represented by the Johns Hopkins Blue Jays men's lacrosse team, and in 1948 by the  RPI Engineers men's lacrosse team. Canada sent an all-star team in 1928 and 1932; Great Britain sent an all-star team in 1928 and 1948.

The International Olympic Committee granted provisional status to World Lacrosse in 2018 and in October 2023, the sport was approved to be included in the 2028 Olympics in Los Angeles. It will be played in the lacrosse sixes format.
WKEN
WKEN is a radio station licensed to Kenton, Ohio broadcasting on 88.5 FM. WKEN airs a Christian contemporary music format and is owned by Soaring Eagle Promotions, Inc. The station operates in a simulcast with sister station WSOH.

On December 17, 2021, the station was rebranded as "Rise FM".

In 2024, Rise FM merged with River Radio Ministries.

WCVO
WCVO  is a radio station in Gahanna, Ohio, United States located at 104.9 MHz broadcasting family-friendly Christian music as "104.9 the River" in Central Ohio.  The station was started by the Christian Voice of Central Ohio (CVCO), which was incorporated in 1964. In 2008, the parent company changed its name to One Connection Media Group. Since 2015, the organization has called itself River Radio Ministries. 104.9 the River's slogan is "Uplifting and Encouraging".
Stallion
A stallion is an adult male horse that has not been gelded (castrated). Stallions follow the conformation and phenotype of their breed, but within that standard, the presence of hormones such as testosterone may give stallions a thicker, "cresty" neck, as well as a somewhat more muscular physique as compared to female horses, known as mares, and castrated males, called geldings.

Temperament varies widely based on genetics and training, but because of their instincts as herd animals, they may be prone to aggressive behavior, particularly toward other stallions, and thus require careful management by knowledgeable handlers. With proper training and management, stallions are effective equine athletes at the highest levels of many disciplines, including horse racing, horse shows, and international Olympic competition.

"Stallion" is also used to refer to males of other equids, including zebras and donkeys.

Equine conformation
Equine conformation evaluates a horse's bone structure, musculature, and its body proportions in relation to each other. Undesirable conformation can limit the ability to perform a specific task.  Although there are several faults with universal disadvantages, a horse's conformation is usually judged according to its intended use. Thus "form to function" is one of the first set of traits considered in judging conformation.  A horse with poor form for a show jumper could have excellent conformation for a cutting horse or draft horse. Every horse has good and bad points of conformation and many horses excel even with conformation faults.
2012 Washington Attorney General election
The 2012 Washington Attorney General election was held on November 6, 2012, concurrently with the other statewide elections and the gubernatorial election. Incumbent Republican State Attorney General Rob McKenna retired to run for governor. Democratic King County Councilmember Bob Ferguson won the general election over Republican King County Councilmember Reagan Dunn.

Rob McKenna
Robert Marion McKenna (born October 1, 1962) is an American lawyer and politician who served as the 17th attorney general of Washington from 2005 to 2013 after serving on the Metropolitan King County Council from 1996 to 2005. A member of the Republican Party, he ran for Governor of Washington in 2012, losing to Democrat Jay Inslee.

McKenna is an Eagle Scout, was student body president at the University of Washington, and attended the University of Chicago Law School, where he was on the law review. He currently is a partner at Orrick, Herrington & Sutcliffe LLP in Seattle where he represents a wide range of technology and other companies in matters involving cyber security, data privacy, litigation, appellate litigation, regulatory proceedings, state attorney general investigations, and legislative issues.

To date, he is the most recent Republican to serve as Attorney General of Washington.
Llywelyn's coronet
Llywelyn's coronet (Welsh: Talaith Llywelyn) is a lost treasure of Welsh history. It is recorded that Llywelyn ap Gruffudd, Prince of Wales and Lord of Aberffraw had deposited this crown (Welsh: Talaith) and other items (such as the Cross of Neith) with the monks at Cymer Abbey for safekeeping at the start of his final campaign in 1282. He was killed later that year. It was seized alongside other holy artefacts in 1284 from the ruins of the defeated Kingdom of Gwynedd. Thereafter it was taken to London and presented at the shrine of Edward the Confessor in Westminster Abbey by King Edward I of England as a token of the complete annihilation of the independent Welsh state.

Llywelyn's successor was his brother, Dafydd, who claimed Llywelyn's title of Tywysog as Tywysog Cymru  or Prince of Wales. His reign was extremely brief; he was killed not long after his brother, without ever having been able to reclaim the precious items from Cymer Abbey.

Prince of Wales
Prince of Wales is a title traditionally given to the male heir apparent to the English, and later, the British throne. The title originated with the Welsh rulers of Gwynedd who, from the late 12th century, used it (albeit inconsistently) to assert their supremacy over the other Welsh rulers. However, to mark the finalisation of his conquest of Wales, in 1301, Edward I of England invested his son Edward of Caernarfon with the title, thereby beginning the tradition of giving the title to the heir apparent when he was the monarch's son or grandson. The title was later claimed by the leader of a Welsh rebellion, Owain Glyndŵr, from 1400 until 1415.

King Charles III created his son, William, Prince of Wales on 9 September 2022, the day after his accession to the throne, with formal letters patent issued on 13 February 2023. The title has become a point of controversy in Wales.
Berit Puggaard
Berit Raith Puggaard (born 11 December 1972 in Copenhagen, Hovedstaden) is a former freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Denmark, who represented her native country at the 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics. She also won the bronze medal at the 1997 European Championships in the 4 × 200 m Freestyle, alongside Ditte Jensen, Britt Raaby, and Mette Jacobsen.

Mette Jacobsen
Mette Jacobsen (born 24 March 1973 in Nakskov) is a former freestyle and butterfly swimmer from Denmark who competed in five consecutive Summer Olympics for her native country, beginning in 1988. She won a total of 32 individual medals in international championships in a period from 1989 to 2005.
Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal
The Birmingham and Warwick Junction Canal is a short canal connecting the Warwick and Birmingham Canal at Bordesley Junction in Birmingham (52°28′33″N 1°52′38″W﻿ / ﻿52.47570°N 1.87715°W﻿ / 52.47570; -1.87715﻿ (Bordesley Junction)) to the Birmingham and Fazeley Canal at Salford Junction near Gravelly Hill Interchange (52°30′31″N 1°51′33″W﻿ / ﻿52.50855°N 1.85926°W﻿ / 52.50855; -1.85926). It was authorised in 1840 to relieve pressure on this connection to the Grand Junction Canal leading to London and opened in 1844. It is 2.6 miles (4.2 km) long and had six locks.

Spaghetti Junction, Birmingham
Spaghetti Junction, officially the Gravelly Hill Interchange, is a major road junction in Birmingham, England. It is junction 6 of the M6 motorway where it meets the A38(M) Aston Expressway in the Gravelly Hill area of Birmingham. The interchange was opened on 24 May 1972.
Maurice de Gandillac
Maurice de Gandillac (French pronunciation: [də ɡɑ̃dijak]; 14 February 1906 – 18 April 2006) was a French philosopher. He was born in Koléa, French Algeria and died in Neuilly-sur-Seine, France.

He wrote his thesis under Étienne Gilson on the Renaissance philosopher Nicholas of Cusa. In 1946 he  was appointed professor in the history of medieval and Renaissance philosophy at the Sorbonne.
He supervised the doctoral dissertations of numerous students, including Louis Althusser, Jean-François Lyotard, Gilles Deleuze, Michel Foucault, and Jacques Derrida.

Étienne Gilson
Étienne Henri Gilson (French: [ʒilsɔ̃]; 13 June 1884 – 19 September 1978) was a Catholic, French philosopher and historian of philosophy. A scholar of medieval philosophy, he originally specialised in the thought of Descartes; he also philosophized in the "existential" tradition of Thomas Aquinas, although he did not consider himself a neo-Thomist philosopher. In 1946, he attained the distinction of being elected an "Immortal" (member) of the Académie française. He was nominated for the Nobel Prize in Literature.

In 2009, the International Étienne Gilson Society was created "to promote the thought of Étienne Gilson and classical philosophy in the academy and culture." It publishes a journal, Studia Gilsoniana.