hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Court of King's Bench of Manitoba
The Court of King's Bench of Manitoba (French: Cour du Banc du Roi du Manitoba)—or the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba, depending on the monarch—is the superior court of the Canadian province of Manitoba.

The court is divided into two divisions. The Family Division deals with family law cases including divorces, guardianships, adoptions and child welfare. The General Division deals with civil and criminal matters, including civil trials, probate law, indictable offences and applications for the review of decisions from certain administrative tribunals.

The current Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench as of 2021 is Judge Glenn Joyal, who was appointed on 3 February 2011.

Judgment (law)
In law, a judgment is a decision of a court regarding the rights and liabilities of parties in a legal action or proceeding. Judgments also generally provide the court's explanation of why it has chosen to make a particular court order.

Speakers of British English tend to use the term at the appellate level as synonymous with judicial opinion. American English speakers prefer to maintain a clear distinction between the opinion of an appellate court (setting forth reasons for the disposition of an appeal) and the judgment of an appellate court (the pronouncement of the disposition itself).

In Canadian English, the phrase "reasons for judgment" is often used interchangeably with "judgment," although the former refers to the court's justification of its judgment while the latter refers to the final court order regarding the rights and liabilities of the parties.
Administrative divisions of Tonga
The island country of Tonga has five administrative divisions. Each of these is further divided into districts, 23 in total. Below are several lists of the divisions, according to different sorting schemes. The Niua Islands is managed directly from Nukuʻalofa, since the population is under 1500 people.

Nukuʻalofa
Nukuʻalofa (/ˌnuːkuəˈloʊfə/ NOO-koo-ə-LOH-fə, Tongan: [nukuʔaˈlofa]) is the capital and largest city of Tonga. It is located on the north coast of the island of Tongatapu, in the country's southernmost island group.
Aadhalal Kadhal Seiveer
Aadhalal Kadhal Seiveer (transl. Therefore, Go Ahead and Love) is a 2013 Indian Tamil language romantic drama film directed by Suseenthiran. It features debutant Santhosh Ramesh (Singanamala Ramesh Babu's second son) and Manisha Yadav of Vazhakku Enn 18/9 fame in the lead roles. It is produced by Nallu Studios and music by Yuvan Shankar Raja. Cinematography is by Soorya A. R., editing by Antony, stunts by Anal Arasu, lyrics by Vaali and Yugabharathi. The film released with highly positive reviews. The film was remade in Kannada as Naduve Antaravirali (2018).

Rajapattai
Rajapattai (transl. King's path) is a 2011 Indian Tamil-language masala film co-written and directed by Suseenthiran based on a story by Seenu Vasan. The film stars Vikram and Deeksha Seth. The music was composed by Yuvan Shankar Raja, the film is produced by Prasad V. Potluri's newly launched PVP Cinema. The story revolves around the issue of land grabbing and how the protagonist becomes involved in it.

The film was also dubbed into Telugu and was released as Veedinthe on 30 December 2011 and into Hindi as Main Hoon Dada No.1 in 2013.
Elizabeth McGowan
Elizabeth H. McGowan (born April 15, 1961) is an American journalist and author. With David Hasemyer and Lisa Song, McGowan won the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for National Reporting for their report on the Kalamazoo River oil spill.

She has worked as a freelance reporter and her work has been published by numerous newspapers, digital-outlets, and magazines such as, Grist magazine; Yale Environment 360; E/The Environmental Magazine; Washingtonian magazine; Intelligent Utility magazine; Outdoor America (magazine of the Izaak Walton League); the journal Appalachia; Capital Community News; the Gulf of Maine Times; Mizzou, the alumni magazine for the University of Missouri; Lore, the magazine of the Milwaukee Public Museum; and Nature Conservancy magazine.

McGowan met her husband, Don Looney, in 1991, when she decided to hike the entire Appalachian Trail after one of many cancer treatments; they married in 1997. Both of them are active volunteers.

Kalamazoo River oil spill
The Kalamazoo River oil spill occurred in July 2010 when a pipeline operated by Enbridge (Line 6B) burst and flowed into Talmadge Creek, a tributary of the Kalamazoo River near Marshall, Michigan. A 6-foot (1.8 m) break in the pipeline resulted in one of the largest inland oil spills in U.S. history (the largest was the 1991 spill near Grand Rapids, Minnesota). The pipeline carries diluted bitumen (dilbit), a heavy crude oil from Canada's Athabasca oil sands to the United States. Cleanup took five years. Following the spill, the volatile hydrocarbon diluents evaporated, leaving the heavier bitumen to sink in the water column. Thirty-five miles (56 km) of the Kalamazoo River were closed for clean-up until June 2012, when portions of the river were re-opened. On March 14, 2013, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) ordered Enbridge to return to dredge portions of the river to remove submerged oil and oil-contaminated sediment.
Maiden Voyage (Herbie Hancock album)
Maiden Voyage is the fifth album led by jazz musician Herbie Hancock, and was recorded by Rudy Van Gelder on March 17, 1965, for Blue Note Records. It was issued as BLP 4195 and BST 84195. Featuring Hancock with tenor saxophonist George Coleman, trumpeter Freddie Hubbard, bassist Ron Carter and drummer Tony Williams, it is a concept album aimed at creating an oceanic atmosphere. As such, many of the track titles refer to marine biology or the sea, and the musicians develop the concept through their use of space. The album was presented with the Grammy Hall of Fame Award in 1999.

Ron Carter
Ronald Levin Carter (born May 4, 1937) is an American jazz double bassist. His appearances on 2,221 recording sessions make him the most-recorded jazz bassist in history. He has won three Grammy Awards, and is also a cellist who has recorded numerous times on the instrument. In addition to a solo career of more than 60 years, Carter is well-known for playing on numerous iconic Blue Note albums in the 1960s, as well as being the anchor of trumpeter Miles Davis's "Second Great Quintet" from 1963-1968.

Beginning with Where? in 1961, Carter's studio albums as leader also include Uptown Conversation (1969), Blues Farm (1973), All Blues (1973), Spanish Blue (1974), Anything Goes (1975), Yellow & Green (1976), Pastels (1976), Piccolo (1977), Third Plane (1977), Peg Leg (1978), A Song for You (1978), Etudes (1982), The Golden Striker (2003), Dear Miles (2006), and Ron Carter's Great Big Band (2011).
ADVMoto
ADVMoto Magazine (also known as Adventure Motorcycle Magazine; founded in 1999) is a US-based adventure and dual-sport motorcycle magazine. It covers adventure motorcycle travel and sport topics, such as rally and enduro racing. ADVMoto Magazine is currently headquartered in Fairfax, Virginia.

Dual-sport motorcycle
A dual-sport motorcycle  is a type of motorcycle that is designed for varying degrees of off-road use while still being street-legal.  Dual-sports are equipped with lights, a speedometer, mirrors, a horn, registration plates, turn signals, and a muffler with spark arrestor and decibel noise output to comply with government regulations. They vary considerably in engine size and weight, though they are typically 510cc or smaller. They are often versions of off-road bikes that have been made legal for street driving.

Other names such as all-road, on/off-road, dual-purpose, and adventure bike may be chosen by the manufacturer based upon the size, weight, and intended application of the motorcycle. Typically the dual sport category weighs less than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable off-road, while adventure bikes are more than 400 pounds/180 kilos to make them more comfortable and capable on the pavement.
Orion network
The Orion Network was a French Resistance network during World War II that originated from the la chaine Franco-Belge that was created by Henri d'Astier de La Vigerie and Georges Piron de la Varenne in the autumn of 1940. After being compromised in northern France, it was integrated with the Saint-Jacques network and most operations were moved to the south. Its leaders were at the vanguard of the Allied invasion of Provence.

Saint-Jacques network
The Saint-Jacques network (French: Réseau Saint-Jacques) was the first French resistance network of World War II. It was founded by Maurice Duclos - whose codename was Saint-Jacques - and operated under the auspices of Charles de Gaulle's Free France in London.
Gaayam
Gaayam (transl. The Wound/Injury) is a 1993 Indian Telugu-language political crime thriller film, based on the 1980s Vijayawada Gang Warfare.  Directed by Ram Gopal Varma and co-written by himself and Mani Ratnam, it stars Jagapathi Babu, Revathi, Urmila Matondkar with music composed by Sri. Upon its release, the film became commercially successful at box-office and won six state Nandi Awards in 1993. The film was dubbed and released in Tamil as Desam.

The film is inspired by The Godfather (1972) which is based on Mario Puzo's novel The Godfather (1969).

The Godfather (novel)
The Godfather is a crime novel by Italian American author Mario Puzo. Originally published on 10 March 1969 by G. P. Putnam's Sons, the novel details the story of a fictional Mafia family in New York City and Long Island, headed by Vito Corleone: the Godfather. The novel covers the years 1945 to 1955 and includes the backstory of Vito Corleone from early childhood to adulthood.

The first in a series of novels, The Godfather is noteworthy for introducing Italian words like consigliere, caporegime, Cosa Nostra, and omertà to an English-speaking audience. It was adapted into the iconic 1972 film of the same name, which won the Academy Award for Best Picture. Two film sequels, featuring original storylines that include contributions by Puzo himself, were released in 1974 and 1990.
Coronach Mountain
Coronach Mountain is a 2,462-metre (8,077 ft) mountain summit located in Jasper National Park of Alberta, Canada. It is situated in the Bosche Range of the Canadian Rockies. The mountain was named in 1916 by Morrison P. Bridgland, who was inspired by the howling of nearby coyotes and applied the name Coronach, the Scottish Gaelic word for funeral dirge. Bridgland (1878–1948) was a Dominion Land Surveyor who named many peaks in Jasper Park and the Canadian Rockies. The mountain's name was officially adopted in 1956 by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Aeolus, 3.5 km (2.2 mi) to the north.

Mount Aeolus (Alberta)
Mount Aeolus is a mountain located in the Bosche Range in Alberta, Canada.  The mountain was named for Aeolus, the Greek god of winds. The summit was so named on account of frequent windy conditions near it.
Ukraine's 10th electoral district
44°45′10″N 33°51′39″E﻿ / ﻿44.75278°N 33.86083°E﻿ / 44.75278; 33.86083

Ukraine's 10th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it contains the city of Bakhchysarai, as well as Bakhchysarai Raion and parts of Simferopol Raion. The constituency was home to 159,391 registered voters in 2012, and has 130 voting stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.

The constituency is bordered by the 4th and 3rd electoral districts to the north, the 1st, 2nd, and 8th districts to the west, the 7th and 224th districts to the south, and the 225th district and Kalamita Bay to the east.

Ukraine's 4th electoral district
Ukraine's 4th electoral district is a Verkhovna Rada constituency in the Autonomous Republic of Crimea. Established in its current form in 2012, it contains the cities of Yevpatoria and Saky, and the surrounding Saky Raion. The constituency is home to 176,570 registered voters, and has 136 polling stations. Since the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation in 2014, the seat has been vacant.
Wanda Zabłocka
Wanda Zabłocka (December 20, 1900 in Tarnów – November 30, 1978 in Toruń) was a Polish botanist, phytopathologist and mycologist. She was a professor at Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń (1954–1970). Zabłocka was the author of mycology and phytopathology works, including mycorrhiza of Viola (1935, 1936). She is also the author of several books about fungi for the general public.

Mycology
Mycology is the branch of biology concerned with the study of fungi, including their taxonomy, genetics, biochemical properties, and use by humans. Fungi can be a source of tinder, food, traditional medicine, as well as entheogens, poison, and infection. Yeasts are among the most heavily utilized members of the fungus kingdom, particularly in food manufacturing.

Mycology branches into the field of phytopathology, the study of plant diseases. The two disciplines are closely related, because the vast majority of plant pathogens are fungi. A biologist specializing in mycology is called a mycologist.
Latigazo
"Latigazo" (English: "Whiplash") is the debut single by Puerto Rican rapper Daddy Yankee from his second studio album El Cangri.com, released on June 20, 2002. A music video for the song was released in order to promote the album. It has been cited as the first song by Daddy Yankee to receive significant airplay outside Puerto Rico.

El Cangri.com
El Cangri.com is the second studio album by Puerto Rican rapper Daddy Yankee.  It was released in 2002 by VI Music. The album was a success in Puerto Rico and the Dominican Republic with songs "Latigazo", "Muévete y Perrea", "¡Dimelo!" and "Ella Está Soltera". "Latigazo" also received mainstream success in Spanish-language radio stations in Miami and New York City in the United States. According to Yankee himself, he manufactured and distributed the record and sold over 50,000 copies.
Pink Military
Pink Military (originally Pink Military Stand Alone) were an English post-punk band from Liverpool. Led by former Big in Japan singer Jayne Casey, other band members included former Deaf School drummer Tim Whitaker, guitarist Martin Dempsey who also played in Yachts and It's Immaterial and drummers Chris Joyce (who also played in The Durutti Column and Simply Red) and Budgie (who went on to The Slits and Siouxsie and the Banshees).

The Durutti Column
The Durutti Column are an English post-punk band formed in 1978 in Manchester, England. The band is the project of guitarist and occasional pianist Vini Reilly, often accompanied by Bruce Mitchell on drums and Keir Stewart on bass, keyboards and harmonica.

The band were among the first acts signed to Factory Records by label founder Tony Wilson. They distinguished themselves from their post-punk contemporaries through Reilly's clean, atmospheric guitar playing and incorporation of jazz, folk, and classical influences. They later incorporated sampling and electronic dance rhythms.
NRL on FOX
NRL on Fox was an Australian sports talk show that deals with the issues in the National Rugby League.  It aired on Fox Sports Australia, Wednesday nights.  In 2012 it was announced that the show would have a new panel with Matthew Johns, Mark Geyer and Warren Smith.

Matthew Johns
Matthew James Johns (born 27 July 1971) is an Australian rugby league media personality, commentator and former professional player. An Australian international and New South Wales State of Origin representative five-eighth, Johns played his club football primarily with the Newcastle Knights, alongside his younger brother, Andrew. Since March 2011, Johns has been a co-host on the Triple M Sydney breakfast show called The Grill Team with Mark Geyer. Since 2012, Johns has been a part of the Fox Sports NRL coverage. He had his own show on Channel 7 for one season in 2010, The Matty Johns Show and since 2013 has hosted a rugby league analysis and light entertainment show on Foxtel airing two nights each week.
Thyrsostachys
Thyrsostachys is a genus of Chinese and Indochinese bamboo in the grass family.

Species

Thyrsostachys oliveri Gamble - edible-seeded bamboo - Yunnan, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand; naturalised in Assam + Bangladesh

Thyrsostachys siamensis Gamble - monastery bamboo, Thai bamboo, umbrella bamboo, Thai umbrella bamboo, umbrella-handle bamboo - Yunnan, Myanmar, Laos, Thailand, Vietnam; naturalised in Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Peninsular Malaysia

James Sykes Gamble
James Sykes Gamble CIE FRS FLS (2 July 1847 – 16 October 1925) was an English botanist who specialized in the flora of the Indian sub-continent; he became Director of the British Imperial Forest School at Dehradun, and a Fellow of the Royal Society.
Aboobaker Osman Mitha
Aboobaker Osman Mitha HJ SQA TPk (Urdu: ابو بكر عثمان مِٹها;1923–1999), popularized as A.O. Mitha, was a Pakistan Army general who was one of the founders of Special Services Group (SSG). With the help from the United States Army Special Forces, he created the special forces unit in Cherat, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in 1956.

Cherat
Cherat (Pashto: چېراټ) is a hill station dating from the 1860s that is located immediately above the villages of Chapri, Bakhti,  Saleh Khana, Kotli Kalan and Dak Ismail Khel in the Nowshera District of Khyber-Pakhtunkhwa in Pakistan.  Cherat lies 34 miles south east from the city of Peshawar at an elevation of 4,500 feet on the west of the Khattak range, which divides the district of Nowshera from Kohat District.
Orocrambus sophistes
Orocrambus sophistes is a moth in the family Crambidae. This species is endemic to New Zealand and has been observed in South Island at the Mackenzie Basin, Central Otago and Otago Lakes areas. This moth is a dryland specialist and inhabits short tussock grasslands. The larval host species is Festuca novae-zelandiae. The adults of this species have been observed from mid January to April with the female being flightless. The adult male is attracted to light. This species has been classified as Nationally Vulnerable by the Department of Conservation.

Festuca novae-zelandiae
Festuca novae-zelandiae is a species of long-lived caespitose grass in the family Poaceae. It is It is native to New Zealand. It is perennial and grows in temperate biomes. It was first described in 1903 by Eduard Hackel.
Charlotte Elvira Pengra
Charlotte Elvira Pengra (born May 30, 1875, in Judah, Wisconsin, died February 7, 1916, in Brodhead, Wisconsin) was an American mathematician. In 1901, she became the third person to receive a Ph.D. in math at the University of Wisconsin, and the sixth American woman to receive a doctorate in mathematics.

Brodhead, Wisconsin
Brodhead is a city in Green and Rock counties in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. The population was 3,274 at the 2020 census. In February 2000, the city annexed a portion of land from the Town of Spring Valley in Rock County. Brodhead was founded in 1856.
2025 CS Denis Ten Memorial Challenge
The 2025 Denis Ten Memorial Challenge was a figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Denis Ten Foundation and the Kazakhstan Skating Union, and the seventh event of the 2025–26 ISU Challenger Series. It was held at the Halyk Arena in Almaty, Kazakhstan, from 1 to 4 October 2025. Medals were awarded in men's singles, women's singles, and ice dance, and skaters earned ISU World Standing points based on their results. Mikhail Shaidorov of Kazakhstan won the men's event, Lee Hae-in of South Korea won the women's event, and Diana Davis and Gleb Smolkin of Georgia won the ice dance event.

ISU World Standings and Season's World Ranking
The ISU World Standings and Season's World Ranking are the objective merit-based method used by the International Skating Union (ISU) for single & pair skating and ice dance, as well as synchronized skating. Only eligible skaters/teams will be considered in the ISU World Standings and Season's World Ranking.

Skaters/teams receive points based on their final placement at an event and the event's weight over the current and preceding two seasons. The ISU World Standings and Season's World Ranking are updated after each eligible events. At the end of the current season, the points from the earliest season are deleted. If pairs and ice dance couples officially split up, their partnership will be removed from the Standings and Ranking. When a skater officially announces his or her retirement from competition, the standing and rank of the skater will be removed.
Howards Alias
Howards Alias were a band in the turn-of-the-millennium UK underground punk scene. They formed in 1999 in Southampton, England, and blended an eclectic mix of rock, progressive, punk and ska influences into their own musical output. They permanently disbanded in April 2008.

The band released four full-length albums. The first – The Chameleon Script – was released by Good Clean Fun Records in 2002, with the second and third albums being released on the Household Name Records label in 2004 and 2005, respectively. In 2008, the band self-released their final album, [ep.i.phan.ic], before splitting up. During their career, Howards Alias also released a split EP with the Californian band Desa, and contributed to several international punk compilation CDs.

NoComply
Active between 1998 and 2006, NoComply were a metal-influenced punk rock sextet hailing from Plymouth, Devon in the south of England. They were one of several UK bands mixing ska punk with other genres in the early 2000s.
Park Yeon-jeong
Park Yeon-jeong (Korean: 박연정; born January 19, 2006) is a South Korean figure skater. She is the 2021 CS Cup of Austria silver medalist and 2021 U.S. Classic silver medalist. On the junior level, she is the 2019 JGP United States silver medalist and the 2019 South Korean junior national champion.

2019 South Korean Figure Skating Championships
The 2019 South Korean Figure Skating Championships were held from January 11–13, 2019 at the Mokdong Ice Rink in Seoul. It was organized by the Korean Skating Union. This was the 73rd edition of these championships held.

Skaters competed in the disciplines of men's singles and ladies' singles on the senior and junior levels and ice dancing on the junior level for the title of national champion of South Korea. The results of the national championships were used to choose the Korean teams to the 2019 World Junior Championships and 2019 World Championships.
Annamessex
The Annamessex people were a historic Native American tribe from the Eastern Shore of Maryland. Their homelands were part of present-day Somerset County, Maryland.

Along with the Manokin, Nasswatox, and Aquintica, the Annamessex were a subtribe of the Pocomoke people, like the Manokin to their immediate north and the Morumsco at their immediate south. The Nanticoke and Choptank lived north of the Pocomoke, while the Accomac people lived further south in Virginia.

Nanticoke people
The Nanticoke people are a Native American Algonquian-speaking people, whose traditional homelands are in Chesapeake Bay area, including Delaware. Today their descendants continue to live in Oklahoma among the Delaware Nation and the Delaware Tribe of Indians, as well as on the Six Nations of the Grand River reserve in Ontario, Canada, where some ancestors resettled with the Iroquois after the Revolutionary War. Other descendants live in the Northeastern United States, especially Delaware.

The Nanticoke people consisted of several tribes: The Nanticoke proper (the subject of this article), the Choptank, the Assateague, the Piscataway, and the Doeg.