hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Genus (music)
In the musical system of ancient Greece, genus (Greek: γένος [genos], pl. γένη [genē], Latin: genus, pl. genera "type, kind") is a term used to describe certain classes of intonations of the two movable notes within a tetrachord. The tetrachordal system was inherited by the Latin medieval theory of scales and by the modal theory of Byzantine music; it may have been one source of the later theory of the jins of Arabic music. In addition, Aristoxenus (in his fragmentary treatise on rhythm) calls some patterns of rhythm "genera".

Arabic music
Arabic music (Arabic: الموسيقى العربية, romanized: al-mūsīqā l-ʿarabiyyah) is the music of the Arab world with all its diverse music styles and genres. Arabic countries have many rich and varied styles of music and also many linguistic dialects, with each country and region having their own traditional music.

Arabic music has a long history of interaction with many other regional musical styles and genres. It represents the music of all the peoples that make up the Arab world today.
Dušan Pirjevec
Dušan Pirjevec, known by his nom de guerre Ahac (20 March 1921 – 4 August 1977), was a Slovenian Partisan, literary historian and philosopher. He was one of the most influential public intellectuals in post–World War II Slovenia.

Edvard Kardelj
Edvard Kardelj (pronounced [ˈéːdʋaɾt kaɾˈdéːl]; 27 January 1910 – 10 February 1979), also known by the pseudonyms Bevc, Sperans, and Krištof, was a Yugoslav politician and economist. He was one of the leading members of the Communist Party of Slovenia before World War II. During the war, Kardelj was one of the leaders of the Liberation Front of the Slovenian People and a Slovene Partisan. After the war, he was a federal political leader in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. He led the Yugoslav delegation in peace talks with Italy over the border dispute in the Julian March.

Kardelj was the main creator of the Yugoslav system of workers' self-management. He was an economist and a full member of both the Slovene Academy of Sciences and Arts and the Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts. He also played a major role in foreign policy by designing the fundamental ideological basis for the Yugoslav policy of nonalignment in the 1950s and the 1960s.
Sir Edward Kemp
Sir Albert Edward Kemp PC KCMG (August 11, 1858 – August 12, 1929) was a Canadian businessman and politician. Kemp was a Canadian Minister of Militia and Defence and Minister of Overseas Military Forces during World War I. A Conservative and Unionist, Kemp was elected five times to the House of Commons of Canada as the Member of Parliament for electoral district of Toronto East. He was appointed to the Senate of Canada by Prime Minister Arthur Meighen in 1921.

Minister of Militia and Defence
The Minister of Militia and Defence was the federal government minister in charge of the volunteer army units in Canada, the Canadian Militia.

From 1855 to 1906, the minister was responsible for Canadian militia units only, as the British Army was still stationed in Canada. From 1906 to 1923, the minister was in charge of the Department of Militia and Defence (Canada). After 1923, the position was merged with the Minister of the Naval Service and the Minister of Aviation into the new position of Minister of National Defence.  The Minister of National Defence became responsible for the Canadian Militia, the Royal Canadian Navy and, from 1924, the Royal Canadian Air Force.
Caragh GFC
Caragh GFC, Prosperous is a Gaelic football club in Prosperous, County Kildare, Ireland, winner of three county senior football championships and the only club to play in five successive county finals, club of the year 1978 and home club of Larry Stanley, All Ireland medalist in 1919, Olympic athlete in 1924, first winner of the All-Time All-Star award for Gaelic Football and a member of the Kildare team of the millennium. Two of Kildare's winning All Ireland captains came from the club, Larry Stanley and Mick Buckley. Mick's grandson Niall played on the 1998 Kildare All Ireland team. Another county senior football title was lost on objection over a player that was "on the run" during the Civil War. Caragh and Raheens share a parish and while the Raheens grounds are in Caragh village, the Caragh grounds are in Prosperous.

Naas GAA
Naas is a Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) club in Naas, County Kildare, Ireland, winner of ten Kildare county senior football championships, ten senior hurling championships, four senior camogie championships and Kildare club of the year in 1981.
Kaikala Satyanarayana
Kaikala Satyanarayana (25 July 1935 – 23 December 2022) was an Indian actor, producer, and politician who predominantly worked in Telugu cinema. He appeared in more than 750 films over six decades. He was a recipient of the Raghupathi Venkaiah Award in 2011, and the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award in 2017. Renowned for his acting prowess across a range of roles and genres, he was given the epithet Navarasa Natana Sarvabhouma (transl. Universal monarch of acting in nine rasas).

He served as the Member of Parliament in the 11th Lok Sabha representing Machilipatnam constituency from the Telugu Desam Party.

Machilipatnam
Machilipatnam (Telugu: [mɐt͡ʃiliːpɐʈnɐm] ⓘ), also known as Masulipatnam and Bandar (Telugu: [bɐn̪d̪ɐɾ]), is a city in Krishna district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a municipal corporation and the administrative headquarters of Krishna district. It is also the mandal headquarters of Machilipatnam mandal in Machilipatnam revenue division of the district. The ancient port town served as the settlement of European traders from the 16th century, and it was a major trading port for the Portuguese, British, Dutch and French in the 17th century.
Canton of Saint-Joseph, Réunion
The canton of Saint-Joseph is an administrative division of Réunion, an overseas department and region of France. It was created at the French canton reorganisation which came into effect in March 2015. Its seat is in Saint-Joseph.

It consists of the following communes:

Saint-Joseph (partly)

Saint-Joseph, Réunion
Saint-Joseph (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ʒozɛf] ⓘ) is a commune in the French overseas department of Réunion. It is located on the extreme south end of the island of Réunion. As such, it features the southernmost point of the European Union. The village Vincendo is part of the commune.
William Forbes Gatacre
Lieutenant-General Sir William Forbes Gatacre
KCB DSO KStJ (3 December 1843 – 18 January 1906) was a British Army officer who served in India and in the African continent. He commanded the British Army at the Battle of Omdurman and the 3rd Division during the first months of the Second Boer War, during which time he suffered a humiliating defeat at the Battle of Stormberg.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
Austyn Carta-Samuels
Austyn Carta-Samuels (born April 20, 1991) is an American football quarterback and coach. He is currently the head coach at Meridian High School in Meridian, Idaho. He played college football for the Wyoming Cowboys and Vanderbilt Commodores. He also played for the Dresden Monarchs of the German Football League (GFL). His younger brother Kyle was his predecessor in the role for the Monarchs.

Dresden Monarchs
The Dresden Monarchs are an American football team from Dresden, Germany. They have been a member of the first tier German Football League since 2002 and play in its Northern Division. In 2021 they were GFL champions  after having won German Bowl XLII.  In January 2023 the Monarchs named longtime NFL Coach Paul Alexander as their Head Coach.

The club reached the German Bowl for the first time in 2013, where it lost to the Braunschweig Lions by a single point. The 2021 season saw their first division title in the first tier German Football League when they placed first in the North Division with a record of nine victories, one defeat in the regular season. In German Bowl XLII the Monarchs defeated the Schwäbisch Hall Unicorns 28–19 to claim their first ever title.
Baadur Jobava
Baadur Jobava (Georgian: ბაადურ ჯობავა; born 26 November 1983) is a Georgian chess grandmaster and five-time Georgian champion (2003, 2007, 2012, 2024, 2026). He competed in the FIDE World Chess Championship in 2004 and in the FIDE World Cup in 2005, 2009, 2011, 2013, 2017, where he reached round of 16 after defeating Ian Nepomniachtchi, and in 2021, 2025. He also participated in the FIDE Grand Prix 2014–15, where he finished joint 4th out of 12 participants in the Tashkent Leg after beating Sergey Karjakin. He won the individual board performance gold medals in the Chess Olympiads of 2004 and 2016.

Ruslan Ponomariov
Ruslan Olehovych Ponomariov (Ukrainian: Русла́н Оле́гович Пономарьо́в; born 11 October 1983) is a Ukrainian chess grandmaster. He was FIDE World Chess Champion from 2002 to 2004 and is the youngest holder of the title at the age of 18 years and 104 days, though the title was split at the time. He won the Ukrainian Chess Championship in 2011.

He was runner-up in the Chess World Cup 2005 and Chess World Cup 2009, and reached the semi-finals in 2011 and the quarterfinals in 2007.
Liberal naturalism
Liberal naturalism is a heterodox form of philosophical naturalism that rejects both scientific (or reductive) naturalism and supernaturalism. It allows that one can respect the explanations and results of the successful sciences without supposing that the sciences are the only resource for understanding humanity and dealings with the world and each other.

Metaphysical naturalism
Metaphysical naturalism (also called ontological naturalism, philosophical naturalism, or antisupernaturalism) is a philosophical worldview that holds that there is nothing but natural elements, principles, and relations of the kind studied by the natural sciences. Methodological naturalism is a philosophical basis for science, for which metaphysical naturalism provides only one possible ontological foundation. Broadly, the corresponding theological perspective is religious naturalism or spiritual naturalism. More specifically, metaphysical naturalism rejects the supernatural concepts and explanations that are part of many religions.
Watson Peak (British Columbia)
Watson Peak, is a 1,923-metre (6,309 ft) mountain in the Solitude Range of the Hart Ranges in Northern British Columbia.

The mountain is named for Canadian Army Private John G. Watson, from Bessborough, northwest of Dawson Creek, BC. Watson served with the Seaforth Highlanders when he was killed in action 17 September 1944, aged 23, in Italy, and was buried at the Coriano Ridge War Cemetery.

Hart Ranges
The Hart Ranges are a major subrange of the Canadian Rockies located in northeastern British Columbia and western Alberta. The mountains constitute the southernmost portion of the Northern Rocky Mountains.

The Hart Ranges were named in honour of British Columbia Premier John Hart, as is the highway which traverses the Pine Pass in the northern part of the range, connecting the north-central Interior of the province to the Peace River Regional District to the northeast.
Muscatine Mall
Muscatine Mall, originally Muscatine Plaza, is a shopping mall in Muscatine, Iowa, United States. Its anchor stores are the Lab, Slumberland Furniture, and Warehouse Bargains. Built in 1971 by General Growth Properties (now GGP, a Brookfield Properties subsidiary), the mall originally featured Woolworth and Montgomery Ward as its anchor stores, with JCPenney joining in 1975. Woolworth was converted to Woolco, which closed in 1983 and became the first Walmart in the state of Iowa. After Walmart moved to a larger store, their space became Menards, which also relocated and was replaced by Slumberland Furniture. Montgomery Ward became Von Maur, Staples, Elder-Beerman, Younkers, and Compton's Furniture & More before becoming Warehouse Bargains. The mall has undergone a number of periods of decline, owing to relocation and closure of charter tenants. It is owned and managed by Muscatine Mall Management, LLC.

Younkers
Younkers Inc. (/ˈjɒŋkərz/) is an American online retailer and former department store chain founded as a family-run dry goods business in 1856 in Keokuk, Iowa. The retailer had evolved over more than 150 years to include a presence in locations throughout Iowa and bordering states in the Midwest region of the United States. Younkers became influential as it acquired several rivals throughout the 20th century both inside and outside of Iowa. In the late 1990s, the chain was sold with ownership transferring out of state; further, its Des Moines, Iowa-based headquarters closed by 2003 as a part of a corporate consolidation.

Following its last sale in 2006, Younkers operated as a subsidiary of The Bon-Ton; the chain had locations in seven Midwestern states, primarily in shopping malls. As of 2013, the chain operated more than 50 locations in the region. On August 29, 2018, Younkers closed its doors one last time.
Quorum (distributed computing)
A quorum is the minimum number of votes that a distributed transaction has to obtain in order to be allowed to perform an operation in a distributed system. A quorum-based technique is implemented to enforce consistent operation in a distributed system.

Replication (computing)
Replication in computing refers to maintaining multiple copies of data, processes, or resources to ensure consistency across redundant components. This fundamental technique spans databases, file systems, and distributed systems, serving to improve availability, fault-tolerance, accessibility, and performance. Through replication, systems can continue operating when components fail (failover), serve requests from geographically distributed locations, and balance load across multiple machines. The challenge lies in maintaining consistency between replicas while managing the fundamental tradeoffs between data consistency, system availability, and network partition tolerance – constraints known as the CAP theorem.
CJ Kirst
Christopher John Kirst (born September 20, 2002) is an American professional lacrosse player for the Philadelphia Waterdogs of the Premier Lacrosse League (PLL) and for the Toronto Rock of the National Lacrosse League (NLL), having become the fifth player to be selected first overall in both drafts in 2025. Previously, Kirst played college lacrosse for Cornell University, where he set a new Division I record for most career goals with 247. In his senior year, he tied Jon Reese's and Miles Thompson's single season goals record with 82, won Cornell's first NCAA title in any sport in 48 years, and became the third Cornell player to win the Tewaaraton Award after Max Seibald and Rob Pannell.

National Lacrosse League
The National Lacrosse League (NLL) is a professional box lacrosse league in North America. The league comprises 14 teams – 7 in the United States and 7 in Canada. The NLL is headquartered in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

The NLL ranks third in average attendance for pro indoor sports worldwide, behind only the National Hockey League (NHL) and National Basketball Association (NBA). Unlike other box lacrosse leagues, which play in the summer, the NLL plays its games in the winter and spring, from December to June. Each year, the playoff teams battle for the National Lacrosse League Cup. The NLL has averaged between 8,900 and 10,700 spectators per game each year since 2004.
Life on a String (album)
Life on a String is the sixth studio album by American performance artist Laurie Anderson, released in 2001 on Nonesuch Records.

One of Anderson's predominantly musical (as opposed to spoken-word) albums, Life on a String was recorded at the Lobby Studios in New York City under the musical direction of Skúli Sverrisson, and produced by Anderson and Hal Willner. Guest musicians on the album include Van Dyke Parks, Mocean Worker, Mitchell Froom and Lou Reed.

The first three songs, "One White Whale," "The Island Where I Come From," and "Pieces and Parts," were taken from her show Songs and Stories from Moby Dick. The song "Slip Away" is about the death of her father. "Washington Street" is about Washington Street, Manhattan.

Music director
A music director, musical director or director of music is a person responsible for the musical aspects of a performance, production, or organization. This would include the artistic director and usually chief conductor of an orchestra or concert band, the director of music of a film, the director of music at a radio station, the person in charge of musical activities or the head of the music department in a school, the coordinator of the musical ensembles in a university, college, or institution (but not usually the head of the academic music department), the head bandmaster of a military band, the head organist and choirmaster of a church, or an organist and master of the choristers (the title given to a director of music at a cathedral, particularly in England).
Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel
Karl Wilhelm Gottlieb Leopold Fuckel (3 February 1821 – 8 May 1876) was a German botanist who worked largely on fungi.

He worked as an apothecary from 1836 to 1852, afterwards deriving income from a vineyard he owned in Oestrich im Rheingau.

The species epithet in the binomen Botryotinia fuckeliana, a plant pathogen and the causal agent of gray mold disease, was named by mycologist Heinrich Anton de Bary in honor of him. Fuckel was the taxonomic authority of the mycological genera Aleuria, Phyllachora (Nitschke ex Fuckel), Plectania and Sclerotinia.

Theodor Rudolph Joseph Nitschke
Theodor Rudolph Joseph Nitschke (26 July 1834, Breslau – 12 December 1883, Münster) was a Silesian-born German botanist and mycologist. He received his education in Breslau, obtaining his PhD in 1858. In 1860 he relocated to Münster, where in 1867 he was named professor of botany at the university, also serving as director of the botanical academy and botanical garden.

In his earlier research he was interested in angiosperms such as the genus Rosa and the species Drosera rotundifolia (common sundew), From the late 1860s, he focused on mycology, publishing significant works on the fungal class Pyrenomycetes.

The fungal genera  Acanthonitschkea, Nitschkia and Nitschkiopsis are named in his honor.
Cornwall (Province of Canada electoral district)
Cornwall was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada West.  It was based on the town of Cornwall, located on the north shore of the Saint Lawrence River. The electoral district was created in 1841, upon the establishment of the Province of Canada by the merger of Upper Canada and Lower Canada.

Cornwall was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly.  It was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Ontario.

Parliament of the Province of Canada
The Parliament of the Province of Canada was the legislature for the Province of Canada, made up of the two regions of Canada West (formerly Upper Canada, later Ontario) and Canada East (formerly Lower Canada, later Quebec).
Diego Eli
Diego Eli Moreira (Chinese: 迪高; born 4 September 1988) is a professional footballer who currently plays as a defensive midfielder for Hong Kong Premier League club Kowloon City. Born in Brazil, he plays for the Hong Kong national team.

Hong Kong Premier League
The Hong Kong Premier League (Chinese: 香港超級聯賽) is a Hong Kong professional football league organised by the Football Association of Hong Kong. It is currently sponsored by the BOC Life and officially known as the BOC Life Hong Kong Premier League (Chinese: 中銀人壽香港超級聯賽). The inaugural season began in September 2014. It is the top-division football league in Hong Kong.
Pop! (Nayeon song)
"Pop!" is a song recorded by South Korean singer Nayeon for her debut extended play, Im Nayeon. It was released as the EP's lead single on June 24, 2022, through JYP and Republic Records. It is a bubblegum song that features bright beats. It is characterized by live instruments, winding high notes, and a variety of ad libs, with lyrics revolving around a protagonist who sings about her ability to capture her lover's heart in line with "popping a lover's heart like a bubble."

"Pop!" received favorable reviews from music critics, who complimented its catchy production and lyrics. Commercially, it peaked at number two on the Circle Digital Chart for multiple weeks as well as peaking in the top ten in Japan, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Taiwan. In addition, it was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of Japan after surpassing 100 million streams in the country.

Ad libitum
In music and other performing arts, the phrase ad libitum (/æd ˈlɪbɪtəm/; Latin for 'at one's pleasure' or 'as you desire'), often shortened to "ad lib" (as an adjective or adverb) or "ad-lib" (as a verb or noun), refers to various forms of improvisation.

The roughly synonymous phrase a bene placito ('in accordance with [one's] good pleasure') is less common but, in its Italian form a piacere, has entered the musical lingua franca (see below).

The phrase "at liberty" is often associated mnemonically (because of the alliteration of the lib- syllable), although it is not the translation (there is no cognation between libitum and liber). Libido is the etymologically closer cognate known in English.

In biology and nutrition, the phrase is used to describe feeding without restriction.
The Girl Who Had Everything
The Girl Who Had Everything is a 1953 American romantic drama film directed by Richard Thorpe and produced by Armand Deutsch for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer. The film features William Powell in his last MGM feature and one of his last film roles before retirement.

The screenplay was written by Art Cohn based upon a 1928 play by Willard Mack and the 1927 novel A Free Soul by Adela Rogers St. Johns. The play and novel were also the inspiration for an earlier film adaptation titled A Free Soul (1931).

A Free Soul
A Free Soul is a 1931 American pre-Code drama film directed by Clarence Brown, starring Norma Shearer, and featuring Leslie Howard, Lionel Barrymore, James Gleason, and Clark Gable. The film became famous for Barrymore's climactic courtroom monologue, and he won the Academy Award for Best Actor for his performance. Gable made such an impression in the role of a gangster who bullies Shearer that he was catapulted from supporting player to leading man.