hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toll tin
Toll tin or tin toll was a toll payable in tin mining in Devon and Cornwall in south-west England. The holder of a set of tin bounds was required to pay the freeholder of the land on which the bounds had been pitched a portion, called toll tin, of the tin ore (or black tin) extracted.

Toll tin became due as soon as the ore was broken from the ground and, although some freeholders may have taken it in this form, it is likely that others opted for the more practical approach of taking it as a portion of the proceeds of the sale of the refined tin (or white tin).

Toll tin was not the only way in which a miner's share of the tin extracted was reduced — he was also required to pay a tax to the Crown on the refined tin, known as tin coinage, before the tin could legally be sold.

Tin coinage
In Devon and Cornwall, tin coinage was a tax on refined tin, payable to the Duchy of Cornwall and administered in the Stannary Towns.  The oldest surviving records of coinage show that it was collected in 1156.  It was abolished by the Tin Duties Act 1838.
Man of the People (TV series)
Man of the People is an American sitcom television series created by R.J. Stewart, starring James Garner that aired from September 15, 1991 to July 13, 1992. The supporting cast features Kate Mulgrew. The final two episodes of the series were produced but never broadcast.

Garner called the series "short lived and rightly so."

Kate Mulgrew
Katherine Kiernan Maria Mulgrew (born April 29, 1955) is an American actress and author. She is best known for her roles as Captain Kathryn Janeway in Star Trek: Voyager and Red in Orange Is the New Black. She first came to attention in the role of Mary Ryan in the daytime soap opera Ryan's Hope.

Mulgrew is the recipient of a Critics' Choice Award, a Saturn Award, and an Obie Award, and has also received Golden Globe Award and Primetime Emmy Award nominations. She is a member of the Alzheimer's Association National Advisory Council and the voice of Cleveland's MetroHealth System. Beginning in 2021, Mulgrew reprised her role as Janeway in the animated series Star Trek: Prodigy, earning an Emmy Award nomination at the 4th Children's and Family Emmy Awards.
Asia Pacific Film Institute
The Asia Pacific Film Institute is a film school in the Philippines.

It is the first independently run and self-supporting film school in the country. It offers full educational services and training facilities in  classic and modern filmmaking with neither funding nor alliance from any college, university, agency or film association.

Film school
A film school is an educational institution dedicated to teaching aspects of filmmaking, including such subjects as film production, film theory, digital media production, and screenwriting. Film history courses and hands-on technical training are usually incorporated into most film school curricula. Technical training may include instruction in the use and operation of cameras, lighting equipment, film or video editing equipment and software, and other relevant equipment. Film schools may also include courses and training in such subjects as television production, broadcasting, audio engineering, and animation.
Brooke Barnett
Brooke Barnett is an American educator and academic. Since 2025 she has served as the 16th president of Rollins College in Winter Park, Florida. She previously worked at Butler University and Elon University.

Rollins College
Rollins College is a private liberal arts college in Winter Park, Florida. It was founded in November 1885 and has about 30 undergraduate majors and several master's programs. Florida's fourth oldest post-secondary institution, and oldest private university, it has an approximate enrollment of 3,000 students, composed of roughly 2,500 undergraduates and 500 postgraduates.
Yosemite toad
The Yosemite toad (Anaxyrus canorus, formerly Bufo canorus) is a species of true toad in the family Bufonidae. Endemic to the Sierra Nevada of California, the species ranges from the Alpine County to Fresno County. Yosemite toads are only found in the montane to subalpine elevational zone of 1,950–3,445 m (6,398–11,302 ft) asl. The Yosemite toad is similar to the nearby western toad (A. boreas), but in many ways adapted to a high elevation lifestyle. It was initially described during the Grinnell Survey of California, by an undergraduate student of Joseph Grinnell named Charles Camp.

Joseph Grinnell
Joseph P. Grinnell (February 27, 1877 – May 29, 1939) was an American field biologist and zoologist. He made extensive studies of the fauna of California, and is credited with introducing a method of recording precise field observations known as the Grinnell System.  He served as the first director of the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology at the University of California, Berkeley from the museum's inception in 1908 until his death.

He edited The Condor, a publication of the Cooper Ornithological Club, from 1906 to 1939, and authored many articles for scientific journals and ornithological magazines. He wrote several books, among them The Distribution of the Birds of California and  Animal Life in the Yosemite. He also developed and popularized the concept of the niche.
King of the City
King of the City (2000) is a novel by Michael Moorcock. It is a satire on modern London and its literary scene and, in part, a sequel to Mother London . Narrated by celebrity photographer and erstwhile rock star Dennis Dover, it charts a chaotic ride through London from the sixties to the end of the century.

Courtenay Grimwood, writing in The Guardian, said it showed the writer at his "funniest, wittiest and most deadly -- with a furious rant about exactly what is wrong with London, Britain, America and the planet (and a few pertinent suggestions as to the cure)". Horror writer Kim Newman, reviewing it in The Independent, wrote that "King of the City is at once splenetic and hilarious, tearing into people and institutions who deserve it, yet affectionate about the many different, vital worlds of London and its denizens"; Carmela Ciuraru praised its "brilliant ideas" in The Washington Post.

Mother London
Mother London is a novel by Michael Moorcock. Published in 1988, it was shortlisted for the Whitbread Prize. Although the city of London itself is perhaps the central character, it follows three outpatients from a mental hospital—a music hall artist (Josef Kiss), a reclusive writer (David Mummery) and a woman just awoken from a long coma (Mary Gasalee)—who experience the history of the city from the Blitz to the late eighties through chaotic experience and sensory delusions. The novel is a non-chronological compilation of episodes, snippets and sidelines, rather than a single cohesive narrative. A piece in The Guardian called it 'a great, humane document'.

Michael Moorcock was the editor of New Worlds and gained numerous critical acclaim and media attention.
1996 Missouri State Treasurer election
The 1996 Missouri State Treasurer election was held on November 5, 1996, in order to elect the state treasurer of Missouri. Democratic nominee and incumbent state treasurer Bob Holden defeated Republican nominee Carl Bearden, Libertarian nominee Jacques E. Tucker, U.S. Taxpayers nominee David Young and Natural Law nominee Nicolas A. Ganim.

Carl Bearden
Carl Bearden (born January 18, 1956) is a Missouri Republican politician who was the Speaker pro Tempore for the Missouri House of Representatives from 2005 to 2007.  He lives in Palmetto, Florida, with his wife, Deborah.  They have two children, Amber and Allison.

He is a member of the Bayside Community Church North River Campus Parrish, FL, IEEE, AOPA, and the American Legislative Exchange Council (ALEC).
Los Angeles Maiers
The Los Angeles Maiers were a minor league baseball team based in Los Angeles, California. In 1910, the Maiers played as members of the Class D level Southern California Trolley League. The team and the league folded during the 1910 season. The Maiers hosted minor league home games at Maier Park, sharing the ballpark with the fellow league member Los Angeles McCormicks, as both teams were owned by Jim McCormick.

Vernon Tigers
The Vernon Tigers were a Minor League Baseball team that represented Vernon, California in the Pacific Coast League (PCL) from 1909 to 1925. The team won back-to-back PCL pennants in 1919 and 1920. The Tigers, together with the Sacramento Solons, joined the PCL as a new team in 1909 when the league expanded from six teams to eight.  The Tigers effectively were a second team in Los Angeles, rivals of the existing Los Angeles Angels.
Chenar Shahijan Rural District
Chenar Shahijan Rural District (Persian: دهستان چنارشاهیجان) is in the Central District of Kuhchenar County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Hakim Bashi-ye Bala, whose population at the time of the National Census of 2016 was 1,634 in 479 households.

In 2018, Kuhmareh and Somghan Rural Districts, and the cities of Nowdan and Qaemiyeh, were separated from Kazerun County in the establishment of Kuhchenar County. Chenar Shahijan Rural District was created in the new Central District.

Somghan Rural District
Somghan Rural District (Persian: دهستان سمغان) is in the Central District of Kuhchenar County, Fars province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Somghan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Malay-e Anbar.
James Cannon (rugby union)
James Cannon is a rugby union player from England. He primarily plays as a lock. Cannon currently plays for English Championship side Ealing Trailfinders. He joined the side in April 2019. He has previously played for Connacht, Wasps and Northampton Saints, and has had loan spells with Bedford Blues and London Scottish.

London Scottish F.C.
London Scottish Football Club is a rugby union club in England. The club is a member of both the Rugby Football Union and the Scottish Rugby Union. The club is currently playing in the 2nd tier of the English rugby union system, Champ Rugby, and share the Athletic Ground with Richmond.
Blue Trombone
Blue Trombone is an LP by J. J. Johnson. An early example of hard bop, the album features pianist Tommy Flanagan, bassist Paul Chambers and drummer Max Roach. The album was released on Columbia Records in 1957 and was reissued on CD by Tristar in 1994.

Paul Chambers
Paul Laurence Dunbar Chambers Jr. (April 22, 1935 – January 4, 1969) was an American jazz double bassist. A fixture of rhythm sections during the 1950s and 1960s, he has become one of the most widely-known jazz bassists of the hard bop era. He was also known for his bowed solos. Chambers recorded about a dozen albums as a leader or co-leader, and more than 100 as a sideman, especially as the anchor of trumpeter Miles Davis's "first great quintet" (1955–63) and with pianist Wynton Kelly (1963–68).
Pallavolo Padova
Former Antonveneta Padova is a professional volleyball team of Pallavolo Padova (until 1999 Petrarca Volley, until 2009 Sempre Volley), based in Padua, Italy. It plays in Italian Volleyball League. Since 2009 it is named Pallavolo Padova and it plays Italian SuperLega in 2016–2017, the highest level of Italian volleyball. It won a CEV Cup in 1994.

Italian Volleyball League
The Lega Pallavolo Serie A is structured in several levels of importance; the highest of them is SuperLega (formerly Serie A1). Since the early 1980s, many among the best volleyball players in the world play in Superlega and the overall level of competition is considerably high. Nowadays, the SuperLega is widely considered the best league in the world.
South Zone cricket team (Bangladesh)
The South Zone cricket team or Prime Bank South Zone is a first-class cricket team that represents south-western Bangladesh in the annual Bangladesh Cricket League (BCL) tournament . It is a composite team of two Bangladeshi first-class teams: Barisal Division and Khulna Division. South Zone has played in the BCL since the inaugural 2012–13 season and has won the BCL four times, the most by any team.

Barisal Division cricket team
The Barisal Division cricket team or Barisal Blazers is a Bangladeshi first-class team representing the Barisal Division, one of the eight administrative regions in Bangladesh. The team competes in the National Cricket League and was formerly a participant in the now-defunct National Cricket League One-Day. In the short-lived National Cricket League Twenty20 competition, played in the 2009–10 season only, Barisal played in their official green and black colors. The equivalent team in the Bangladesh Premier League (BPL) is the Fortune Barishal.

Barisal's home ground is the Barisal Divisional Stadium, also known as the Abdur Rab Serniabad Stadium, which has a 30,000 capacity. They have only won one competition in their history, the 2008–09 National Cricket League One-Day.
The Incredible Hulk Returns
The Incredible Hulk Returns is a 1988 American television superhero film based on the Marvel Comics character the Hulk and serves as a continuation of the 1978–1982 television series The Incredible Hulk. The film premiered on NBC on May 22, 1988.

In The Incredible Hulk Returns, Dr. David Banner, a scientist who transforms into a green-skinned superhuman monster when enraged, has found a potential cure for his condition, but is delayed by the arrival of the arrogant Viking warrior Thor. Bill Bixby returns as Banner and Lou Ferrigno reprises his role of the Hulk. Eric Kramer stars as Thor and Steve Levitt stars as Donald Blake. This was also Jack Colvin's last appearance as Jack McGee.

Lou Ferrigno
Louis Jude Ferrigno Sr. (/fəˈrɪɡnoʊ/ fə-RIG-noh, Italian: [ferˈriɲɲo]; born November 9, 1951) is an American actor and retired professional bodybuilder. He won an IFBB Mr. America title and two consecutive IFBB Mr. Universe titles, and appeared in the documentary film Pumping Iron (1977). As an actor, he is best known for his title role in the CBS television series The Incredible Hulk (1977–1982) and vocally reprising the role in subsequent animated and computer-generated incarnations. He has also appeared in European-produced fantasy-adventures such as Hercules (1983) and Sinbad of the Seven Seas (1989), and as himself in the sitcom The King of Queens and the 2009 comedy I Love You, Man.
Delta Burke
Delta Burke McRaney (born July 30, 1956) is an American actress, producer and author. From 1986 to 1991, she starred as Suzanne Sugarbaker in the CBS sitcom Designing Women, for which she received two Emmy Award nominations for Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series.

Burke's other television credits include Filthy Rich (1982–83), Delta (1992–93), Women of the House (1995) and DAG (2000–01). She has produced and starred in made-for-TV movies, appeared in the film What Women Want (2000), and had a recurring guest role in the drama series Boston Legal (2006–07). She has also starred in the  Broadway productions of Thoroughly Modern Millie (2003) and Steel Magnolias (2005).

Steel Magnolias (play)
Steel Magnolias is a 1987 stage play by American writer Robert Harling, based on his experience with his sister's death. The play is a tragicomedy about the bond among a group of Southern women in northwest Louisiana.

The title suggests the "female characters are as delicate as magnolias but as tough as steel". The magnolia specifically references a magnolia tree they are arguing about at the beginning.
Fantome Island
Fantome Island is one of the islands in the Palm Island group. It is neighboured by Great Palm Island and is 65 km (40 mi) north-east of Townsville, Queensland on the east coast of Australia. The island is small with an area of 7.8 km2 (3.01 sq mi) and is surrounded by a fringing reef. The Djabugay (Aboriginal) name for this island is Eumilli Island.

The island is known for its 1928 lock hospital (for those with venereal disease) and 1939 leprosarium, known as the lazaret. Both are now heritage-listed on the Queensland Heritage Register, as Fantome Island Lock Hospital and Lazaret Sites. The island is no longer inhabited.

Along with nine of the other islands within the Palm Islands group, it falls under the local government area of the Aboriginal Shire of Palm Island.

Fringing reef
A fringing reef is one of the three main types of coral reef. It is distinguished from the other main types, barrier reefs and atolls, in that it has either an entirely shallow backreef zone (lagoon) or none at all. If a fringing reef grows directly from the shoreline, then the reef flat extends to the beach and there is no backreef.  In other cases (e.g., most of the Bahamas), fringing reefs may grow hundreds of yards from shore and contain extensive backreef areas within which it contains food and water.  Some examples of this are Philippines, Indonesia, Timor-Leste, the western coast of Australia, the Caribbean, East Africa, and Red Sea. Charles Darwin believed that fringing reefs are the first kind of reefs to form around a landmass in a long-term reef growth process. The largest fringing coral reef in the world is the Ningaloo Reef, stretching to around 260 km (160 mi) along the coastline of Western Australia.
Dilkhush
Dilkhush is a 2023 Indian Bengali language Romantic drama film written and directed by Rahool Mukherjee. It is produced by Shrikant Mohta under the banner of Shree Venkatesh Films. The film features an ensemble cast including Paran Bandopadhyay, Anashua Majumdar, Madhumita Sarcar, Soham Majumdar, Kharaj Mukherjee, Aparajita Adhya, Ujan Chatterjee, and Aishwarya Sen.

Kharaj Mukherjee
Kharaj Mukherjee or Kharaj Mukhopadhyay is an Indian actor, comedian and singer. He won the Bengal Film Journalists' Association – Best Male Playback Award in 2004 for the film Patalghar. Over the years, he has established himself as one of the finest actors in the Bengali film industry due to his versatility in various roles.
N-STAR c
N-STAR c, is a geostationary communications satellite originally ordered by NTT DoCoMo and later fully acquired by SKY Perfect JSAT Group. It was designed and manufactured by Lockheed Martin, which acted as prime, developed the payload and did the final integration and testing, and Orbital Sciences Corporation, which supplied the satellite bus on the GEOStar-2 platform and procured the launch services. It had a launch weight of approximately 1,645 kg (3,627 lb), and a 15-year design life. Its payload is composed of 1 C-band, and 20 S-band transponders and its stationed in the 136° East longitude.

GEOStar-2
The STAR-2 Bus is a fully redundant, flight-proven, spacecraft bus designed for geosynchronous missions.

It is a satellite platform, designed and developed by Thomas van der Heyden for the Indonesian Cakrawarta satellite program in the early 1990s, now manufactured by Northrop Grumman Innovation Systems with an apogee kick motor to place a communications satellite into geostationary orbit, a thruster to provide the satellite with orbital station-keeping for a 15-year mission, and solar arrays to provide the satellite payload with 5 kW of electrical power.
Gia-Fu Feng
Gia-fu Feng (Chinese: 馮家福; January 10, 1919 – June 12, 1985) was a prominent translator of classical Chinese Taoist philosophical texts, founder of an intentional community called Stillpoint, and leader of classes, workshops, and retreats in the United States and abroad based on his own unique synthesis of tai chi, Taoism, and other Asian contemplative and healing practices with the Human Potential Movement, Gestalt therapy, and encounter groups.

He was associated with Alan Watts, Claude Dalenberg, and the American Academy of Asian Studies; Jack Kerouac, Joanne Kyger, Gary Snyder, and the Beat Generation; and Abraham Maslow, Fritz Perls, Dick Price, Michael Murphy, and the Esalen Institute.

He is best known for his bestselling translations and calligraphy of the Tao Te Ching and the Zhuangzi Inner Chapters accompanied by black-and-white photographs by Jane English in the books Lao Tsu / Tao Te Ching, first published in 1972, and Chuang Tsu / Inner Chapters, first published in 1974.

Abraham Maslow
Abraham Harold Maslow (/ˈmæzloʊ/ MAZ-loh; April 1, 1908 – June 8, 1970) was an American psychologist who created Maslow's hierarchy of needs, a theory of psychological health predicated on fulfilling innate human needs in priority, culminating in self-actualization.

Maslow was a psychology professor at Cornell University, Brooklyn College, Brandeis University, The New School for Social Research, and Columbia University. He stressed the importance of focusing on the positive qualities in people, as opposed to treating them as a "bag of symptoms". A Review of General Psychology survey, published in 2002, ranked Maslow as the tenth most cited psychologist of the 20th century.
1987 Volvo Tennis Los Angeles
The 1987 Volvo Tennis Los Angeles was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Los Angeles Tennis Center in Los Angeles, California in the United States that was part of the 1987 Volvo Grand Prix circuit. It was the 61st edition of the Pacific Southwest tournament and was held from September 21 through September 27, 1987. Third-seeded David Pate won the singles title and earned $50,000 first-prize money.

David Pate
David Pate (born April 16, 1962) is a former professional tennis player from the United States who won two singles titles and eighteen doubles titles during his career. He reached a career-high singles ranking of World No. 18 in June 1987 and attained the world No. 1 doubles ranking in January 1991. His greatest success came in 1991 when he won the Australian Open doubles title together with compatriot Scott Davis  and reached the doubles final at the US Open later that year.  Before turning professional, Pate played college tennis at Texas Christian University (TCU) in Fort Worth, Texas, where he was a six time All-American playing for the Horned Frogs.
Wimberley, Texas
Wimberley is a city in Hays County, Texas, United States. Wimberley was named after Pleasant Wimberley who owned and operated the gristmill and cotton gin in the 1870s.  The area around town is a predominantly a ranching area. The population was 2,839 at the 2020 census.

San Marcos, Texas
San Marcos (/ˌsæn ˈmɑːrkəs/) is a city and the county seat of Hays County, Texas, United States. The city is a part of the Greater Austin Metropolitan Area. San Marcos's limits extend into Caldwell and Guadalupe counties, as well. San Marcos is on the Interstate 35 corridor between Austin and San Antonio. Its population was 44,894 at the 2010 census and 67,553 at the 2020 census.
Founded on the banks of the San Marcos River, the area is thought to be among the oldest continuously inhabited sites in the Americas. San Marcos is home to Texas State University and the Meadows Center for Water and the Environment.

In 2010, San Marcos was listed in Business Week's fourth annual survey of the "Best Places to Raise your Kids". In 2013 and 2014, the United States Census Bureau named it the fastest-growing city in the United States. In December 2013, it was named number nine on Business Insider's list of the "10 Most Exciting Small Cities In America".
Hill v. California
Hill v. California, 401 U.S. 797 (1971) was a U.S. Supreme Court decision that ruled against the retroactive application of Chimel v. California. The Court also ruled that evidence from mistaken identity arrests can be admissible as long as other factors support probable cause.

Chimel v. California
Chimel v. California, 395 U.S. 752 (1969), was a 1969 United States Supreme Court case in which the court held that police officers arresting a person at his home could not search the entire home without a search warrant, but that police may search the area within immediate reach of the person without a warrant. The rule on searches incident to a lawful arrest within the home is now known as the Chimel rule.

Ronald M. George, the young deputy attorney general who unsuccessfully argued California's case, later became chief justice of the Supreme Court of California.