hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Public body (Netherlands)
In the Netherlands, the term public body (a literal translation from the Dutch term openbaar lichaam) is the general denomination for administrative divisions within the Dutch state, such as the central government, a province, a municipality or a water board. These types of political entities are defined by the Constitution of the Netherlands.

In addition, Article 134 of the constitution provides for the definition of other public bodies by law. Such bodies can be professionally oriented, like the Dutch Order of Advocates (Dutch: Nederlandse Orde van Advocaten), or be constituted to perform functions in a specific region. This means that the term public body is sometimes used to indicate a special or irregular type of public body (without a specifically defined name), which can also be an administrative division or a certain other type of governmental organisation.

Water board (Netherlands)
In the Netherlands, a water board, water council or water authority (Dutch: waterschap or heemraadschap) is a regional governing body solely charged with the management of surface water in the environment. Water boards are independent of administrative governing bodies like provinces and municipalities. In general, they are responsible for managing rivers and canals, issues with the flow of watercourses and drainage issues, water collection, flood and erosion prevention and provision of potable water. They manage polder systems, water levels, water barriers and locks, enforcements, water quality and sewage treatment in their respective regions. The concept of a coordinating "High Water Authority" (Hoogheemraadschap) originated in what now is the province of South Holland in the 12th century.
British war crimes
British war crimes are acts committed by the armed forces of the United Kingdom that have violated the laws and customs of war since the Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907, from the Boer War to the War in Afghanistan (2001–2021). Such acts have included the summary executions of prisoners of war and unarmed shipwreck survivors, the use of excessive force during the interrogation of POWs and enemy combatants, and the use of violence against civilian non-combatants and their property.‌

Boer commando
The Boer Commandos  or "Kommandos" were volunteer military units of guerrilla militia organized by the Boer people of South Africa. From this came the term "commando" into the English language during the Second Boer War of 1899–1902 as per Costica Andrew.
1644 conclave
The 1644 papal conclave was called upon the death of Pope Urban VIII. It lasted from 9 August to 15 September 1644; the cardinal electors chose Cardinal Giovanni Pamphili, who took office as Pope Innocent X.

Philip IV of Spain
Philip IV (Spanish: Felipe Domingo Victor de la Cruz de Austria y Austria, Portuguese: Filipe III; 8 April 1605 – 17 September 1665), also called the Planet King (Spanish: Rey Planeta), was King of Spain from 1621 to his death and (as Philip III) King of Portugal from 1621 to 1640. Philip is remembered for his patronage of the arts, including such artists as Diego Velázquez, and his rule over Spain during the Thirty Years' War.

By the time of his death, the Spanish Empire had reached approximately 12.2 million square kilometres (4.7 million square miles) in area, the largest empire in the world, but in other aspects was in decline, a process to which Philip contributed with his inability to achieve successful domestic and military reform. He was succeeded on his death by his young son Charles II as King of Spain and in 1640 (with the collapse of the Iberian Union) by John IV as King of Portugal.
Tyamkemaiyum Rural Municipality
Temke Maiyung (Nepali: टेम्केमैयुङ) is one of seven  rural municipalities (गाउँपालिका) of Bhojpur District of Province No. 1 of Nepal. There are a total of 9 municipalities in Bhojpur of which 2 are urban and 7 rural.

According to MoFALD Temke Maiyung has an area of 173.41 square kilometres (66.95 sq mi) and the total population of the municipality is 17, 911 as of Census of Nepal 2011. Timma, Chhinamukh, Annapurna, Nagi, Khawa, Kot, Gogane and Lekharka VDCs were merged to form Tyamkemaiyum Rural Municipality. Annapurna is the Headquarter of this newly formed municipality.

Nagi, Bhojpur
Nagi is a Village Development Committee in Bhojpur District in the Kosi Zone of eastern Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 1609 persons residing in 294 individual households.
Fabiana Claudino
Fabiana Marcelino Claudino (born 24 January 1985) is a Brazilian volleyball player who made her debut for the Brazilian national team against Croatia. She captained Brazil to the gold medal at the 2012 Olympics.

2014 Women's South American Volleyball Club Championship
The 2014 Women's South American Volleyball Club Championship was the sixth official edition of the women's volleyball tournament, played by eight teams from 5 to 9 February 2014 in São Paulo, Brazil.

SESI São Paulo won the 2014 edition qualifying for the 2014 Club World Championship, defeating in the finale hosts Molico/Osasco.
Røysland
Røysland is a village in Risør municipality in Agder county, Norway. The village is located along the lake Skarvann, about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) west of the village of Hødnebø and about 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) north of the northern shore of the Søndeledfjorden.

Søndeledfjorden
Søndeledfjorden is a fjord in Risør municipality in Agder county, Norway. The 15-kilometre (9.3 mi) long fjord begins at the village of Søndeled and flows east into the Skaggerak.  The large island of Barmen sits in the middle of the fjord, effectively separating it into two fjords known as the Nordfjorden in the north and the Sørfjorden in the south. At the western end of Barmen, the Nordfjorden and Sørfjorden reconnect in an area known as the Rødsfjorden.  There are many islands at the mouth of the fjord as well as in the fjord itself.

The town of Risør sits at the end of a peninsula on the south side of the mainland at the entrance to the fjord.  There are many villages located around the fjord as well.  On the south side, there are the villages of Moen and Bossvika, and on the north side, there are the villages of Sivik and Stamsø.  The Norwegian County Road 416 runs along the southern coast of the fjord.
Rhabdosphincter
A rhabdosphincter (from Greek rhabdos meaning "rod") is a sphincter consisting of striated muscle fibres. The muscle is a part of the external urethral sphincter that continues superiorly as a trough-like extension running vertically across the anterior aspect of the prostate to reach the neck of the bladder.

Sphincter
A sphincter is a circular muscle that normally maintains constriction of a natural body passage or orifice and  relaxes as required by normal physiological functioning. Sphincters are found in many animals. There are over 60 types in the human body, some microscopically small, in particular the millions of precapillary sphincters. Sphincters relax at death, often releasing fluids and faeces.
S. H. Kress and Co. Building (Columbia, Missouri)
The Kress Building, also known as Kress Wholesale Company Store and Mehornay Furniture Store, is a historic commercial building located in downtown Columbia, Missouri.  It was built in 1910 for the S. H. Kress & Co., and remodeled in 1946 when it became Mehornay Furniture.  It is a tall two-story, brick building with an open storefront topped by horizontal metal banding, that consists of large plate glass windows.: 5–6

It operated as a furniture store from 1946 until 1979-80. It was again renovated in 2005. Post-renovation it became the home of the Penguin Piano Bar in 2005 on the ground floor and Roxy’s in 2015 on the 2nd floor. Both went out of business in 2020 due to the closures during the covid-19 pandemic.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2005.

S. H. Kress & Co.
S. H. Kress & Co. was the trading name of a chain of five-and-dime retail department stores in the United States established by Samuel Henry Kress. It operated from 1896 to 2001. In the first half of the 20th century, there were Kress stores with ornamented architecture in hundreds of cities and towns.
21st IIFA Awards
The 21st International Indian Film Academy Awards were supposed to take place in Indore from 27 to 29 March 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic, they were postponed. However, on 24 November 2021, the IIFA organising team declared the name of winners of all categories through their Instagram handle.

The following is a list of nominees, technical award winners and popular award winners.

Gully Boy led the ceremony with 17 nominations, followed by Article 15 and Kabir Singh with 8 nominations each, and Uri: The Surgical Strike and War with 6 nominations each.

Gully Boy won 6 awards, including Best Actress (for Alia Bhatt) and Best Supporting Actor (for Siddhant Chaturvedi), thus becoming the most-awarded film at the ceremony.

International Indian Film Academy Awards
The International Indian Film Academy Awards (IIFA Awards) is an annual awards ceremony for Hindi cinema. Produced by Wizcraft International Entertainment Pvt. Ltd, the winners of the awards are decided by fans, who vote online for their favourite actors from the Indian Hindi film industry. Instituted in 2000, the ceremony is held in different countries around the world every year.

The IIFA Utsavam is the South Indian segment of the annual IIFA Awards. The awards were introduced in 2016, around the films released in 2015. The 1st IIFA Utsavam was held on 24 and 25 January 2016 at the Gachibowli Athletic Stadium, Hyderabad, India.
Elisabeth of Greater Poland, Duchess of Bohemia
Elisabeth of Greater Poland (Polish: Elżbieta Mieszkówna; Czech: Eliška Polská) (c. 1152 – 2 April 1209) was a Polish princess of the House of Piast and, by her two marriages, Duchess of Bohemia and Margravine of Lusatia.

She was a daughter of Mieszko III the Old, Duke of Greater Poland and from 1173 High Duke of Poland, by his first wife, Elisabeth, daughter of King Béla II of Hungary.

Elisabeth's birthdate is unknown. Medieval sources do not even indicate whether the Hungarian princess was her mother. Elizabeth is believed to have been her daughter only because both had the same name. Some scholars report that Elizabeth was born about 1152 or 1154.

Piast dynasty
The House of Piast was the first historical ruling dynasty of Poland. The first documented Polish monarch was Duke Mieszko I (c. 960–992). The Piasts' royal rule in Poland ended in 1370 with the death of King Casimir III the Great.

Branches of the Piast dynasty continued to rule in the Duchy of Masovia (until 1526) and in the Duchies of Silesia until the last male Silesian Piast died in 1675. The Piasts intermarried with several noble lines of Europe, and possessed numerous titles, some within the Holy Roman Empire. The Jagiellonian kings ruling after the death of Casimir IV of Poland were also descended in the female line from Casimir III's daughter.
M1G
M1G (pyrimido[1,2-a]purin-10(3H)-one) is a heterocyclic compound which is a by-product of base excision repair (BER) of a specific type of DNA adduct called M1dG. The M1dG adduct in turn is formed by a condensation reaction between guanosine nucleotides in DNA and either malondialdehyde (propanedial)  or acrolein. If not repaired, these adducts are mutagenic and carcinogenic.

Malondialdehyde is an end product of lipid peroxidation while acrolein is a result of DNA peroxidation.

M1dG is the major endogenous DNA adduct in humans. M1dG adducts have been detected in cell DNA in liver, leucocytes, pancreas and breast in concentrations of 1-120 per 108 nucleotides. Detection and quantification of M1dG adducts in the body as measured by free M1G is a tool for detecting DNA damage that may lead to cancer. Free M1G is also biomarker for oxidative stress.

DNA adduct
In molecular genetics, a DNA adduct is a segment of DNA bound to a cancer-causing chemical. This process could lead to the development of cancerous cells, or carcinogenesis. DNA adducts in scientific experiments are used as biomarkers of exposure. They are especially useful in quantifying an organism's exposure to a carcinogen. The presence of such an adduct indicates prior exposure to a potential carcinogen, but it does not necessarily indicate the presence of cancer in the subject animal.

DNA adducts are researched in laboratory settings. A typical experimental design for studying DNA adducts is to induce them with known carcinogens. A scientific journal will often incorporate the name of the carcinogen with their experimental design. For example, the term "DMBA-DNA adduct" in a scientific journal refers to a piece of DNA that has DMBA (7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene) attached to it.
Tony Tremlett (archdeacon)
Anthony Frank Tremlett (25 August 1937 – September 2016) was an Anglican archdeacon.

Tremlett was  educated at Plymouth College and had a career on the railways until he was ordained in 1982. He was successively curate, priest in charge and Vicar of Southway.  He became Archdeacon of Totnes in 1988 and Archdeacon of Exeter in 1994.

One of his sons, Andrew, is also a senior Church of England priest.

Tremlett died in Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, in September 2016.

Archdeacon of Totnes
The Archdeacon of Totnes or Totton is the senior ecclesiastical officer in charge of one of the oldest archdeaconries in England. It is an administrative division of the Church of England Diocese of Exeter and under the oversight of the Bishop suffragan of Plymouth.
Waukon Standard
The Standard, formerly the Waukon Standard is the local paper in Waukon, Iowa and Lansing, Iowa. It, along with the Postville Herald, cover all the top stories in NE Iowa. Each paper cost $1.25 to purchase. Each paper includes sections from education, to agriculture, to viewpoints of local residents.

Postville Herald
The Postville Herald is the official newspaper of Postville, Iowa. It is also one of two official newspapers of Allamakee
. Seated at the hub of the four counties of Allamakee, Clayton, Winneshiek and Fayette, the Herald covers news and events in the four-county region.
1996 Rexona Cup
The 1996 Rexona Cup was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Am Rothenbaum in Hamburg in Germany  that was part of the Tier II category of the 1996 WTA Tour. It was the 12th edition of the tournament and was held from 29 April through 5 May 1996. First-seeded Arantxa Sánchez Vicario won the singles title.

1996 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis circuit, organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The 1996 WTA Tour included the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not officially part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
2025–26 Egyptian Premier League
The 2025–26 Egyptian Premier League season is the 67th edition of the Egyptian Premier League, the top professional league for association football clubs in the Egyptian football league system, since its establishment in 1948.

Egyptian Second Division A
The Egyptian Second Division A (Arabic: دوري القسم الثاني المصري "أ"), also known locally as the Professionals League (Arabic: دوري المحترفين), is the second tier of the Egyptian football league system since the 2023–24 season. It is administered by the Egyptian Football Association. It is below the top professional league in the country, the Egyptian Premier League, and above the newly created Egyptian Second Division B. It is the first professional second-tier league in Egypt.
The Copernican Question
The Copernican Question: Prognostication, Skepticism, and Celestial Order is a 704-page book written by Robert S. Westman and published by University of California Press (Berkeley, Los Angeles, London) in 2011 and in 2020 (paperback). The book is a broad historical overview of Europe's astronomical and astrological culture leading to Copernicus’s De revolutionibus and follows the scholarly debates that took place roughly over three generations after Copernicus.

De revolutionibus orbium coelestium
De revolutionibus orbium coelestium (On the Revolutions of the Heavenly Spheres) is the seminal work on the heliocentric theory of the astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus (1473–1543 CE). The book, first printed in 1543 CE in Nuremberg, Holy Roman Empire, offered an alternative model of the universe to Ptolemy's geocentric system, which had been widely accepted since ancient times.
Munich Documentation Centre for the History of National Socialism
The NS-Dokumentationszentrum (NSDOKU) is a museum in the Maxvorstadt area of Munich, Germany, which focuses on the history and consequences of the National Socialist (Nazi) regime and the role of Munich as Hauptstadt der Bewegung (′capital of the movement′).

Maxvorstadt
Maxvorstadt (German pronunciation: [ˈmaksˌfoːɐ̯ʃtat] ⓘ; Central Bavarian: Maxvorstod) is a central borough of Munich, Bavaria, Germany and forms the Stadtbezirk (borough) 3 Maxvorstadt. Since 1992, this borough comprises the former boroughs 5, 6 and 7 (Maxvorstadt-Universität, Maxvorstadt-Königsplatz-Marsfeld and Maxvorstadt-Josephsplatz).
Pizzitola Sports Center
The Paul Bailey Pizzitola Memorial Sports Center, often referred to as "the Pitz" by students, is a 2,800-seat multi-purpose athletic center in Providence, Rhode Island, USA, which was built in 1989. It is home to the Brown University Bears men's and women's basketball, volleyball, gymnastics, wrestling and squash teams.  It was built adjacent to Meehan Auditorium on Lloyd Avenue as a replacement for Marvel Gymnasium, which was located next to Brown Stadium on Elmgrove Ave. The building was named for Paul Bailey Pizzitola (class of 1981), whose father contributed $2 million to its construction. The lobby of the building is named for the Brown attendee (1887–89) and American football legend John Heisman (class of 1891).

Meehan Auditorium
The George V. Meehan Auditorium is a 3,059-seat hockey arena, in Providence, Rhode Island. The arena opened in 1961 and was dedicated on January 6, 1962. It is named for George V. Meehan, the benefactor of the arena, which he hoped would "service and promote" the Brown Bears ice hockey program, which now belongs to the Ivy and ECAC Hockey leagues. It is recognizable for its large white domed roof, and is located on the highest corner (Hope Street and Lloyd Avenue) of Brown's main athletic complex on College Hill in Providence.

Meehan was renovated in 2002, bringing its capacity up to its current level.
Yashin (band)
Yashin were a Scottish post-hardcore band formed in Glasgow in 2006. They toured with bands including Limp Bizkit, Papa Roach, Black Veil Brides and Madina Lake, and played at Download Festival, T in the Park and Sonisphere.

O2 Academy Glasgow
The O2 Academy Glasgow (formerly the Carling Academy Glasgow) is a music venue on Eglinton Street in the Gorbals (Laurieston) area of Glasgow. It holds 2,500 people. It was one of two Academy Music Group venues in Glasgow, until the O2 ABC Glasgow closed due to fire damage in 2018.

It was one of a group of music venues in Britain branded Carling Academy, the best known including the Brixton Academy and the O2 Academy Birmingham. Since November 2008, the venue has been rebranded by network operator O2 to its new name, following a new sponsorship deal with Live Nation.
Older Than My Old Man Now
Older Than My Old Man Now is the twenty-second studio album by American singer-songwriter Loudon Wainwright III, released on April 17, 2012, on 2nd Story Sound Records. Described as "a gleefully morbid summing up of [Wainwright's] life in which he ponders childhood, family history, aging and death," the album is produced by High Wide & Handsome: The Charlie Poole Project (2009) collaborator Dick Connette, and features contributions from each of Wainwright's children.

The album's title alludes to Wainwright's father, Loudon Wainwright, Jr., who was aged sixty-three upon his death. Upon the album's release, Wainwright noted, "When you’re sixty-five, everything seems to be somewhat in the rear-view, or at least in the side-view. Well, not everything, and hopefully your windshield wipers are still working."

High Wide & Handsome: The Charlie Poole Project
High Wide & Handsome: The Charlie Poole Project is the 20th studio album by American singer-songwriter Loudon Wainwright III. The album, a double-CD released on the 2nd Story Sound label on August 18, 2009, pays tribute to singer and banjo picker Charlie Poole (1892–1931). It features 30 tracks, including new versions of songs made popular by Poole from 1925 through 1930, as well as original songs on Poole's turbulent life by Wainwright and producer Dick Connette.

More than 25 artists contributed to the album, including Wainwright's children, Rufus Wainwright, Martha Wainwright and Lucy Wainwright Roche, all singer-songwriters in their own right; his sister, singer-songwriter Sloan Wainwright; Maggie, Suzzy and Terre Roche of The Roches; Gabriel Kahane on piano; Chris Thile, mandolinist and vocalist; and Geoff Muldaur, a founding member of the 1960s group Jim Kweskin Jug Band.

The album won the 2010 Grammy Award for Best Traditional Folk Album.
Tehuledere
Tehuledere (Amharic: ተሁለደሬ) is a woreda in Amhara Region, Ethiopia. Located at the eastern edge of the Ethiopian Highlands in the Debub Wollo Zone, Tehuledere is bordered on the south by Dessie Zuria, on the southwest by Kutaber, on the northwest and the north by the Mille River, on the northeast by Were Babu, and on the southeast by Kalu; the Mille separates Tehuledere from Amba Sel to the northwest and the Semien Wollo Zone to the north. Towns in Tehuledere include Hayq, Paso Mille, and Sulula.

Kalu (woreda)
Kalu (Amharic: ቃሉ), also known as Harbu, is one of the woredas in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia. Part of the Debub Wollo Zone, Kalu is bordered on the west by Dessie Zuria, on the north by Were Babu, on the south and east by the Oromia Zone, on the southeast by Argobba special woreda, and on the southwest by Abuko. The administrative center for this woreda is Harbu; other towns in Kalu include Ancharo, Gerba, and Degan. A highway linking Kombolcha and Afar bisects Kalu to two parts.
Maimoona Sultan
Maimoona Sultan (1932–2006) was a member of the Parliament of India and belonged to the Indian National Congress. She was elected to the second and third Lok Sabha from Bhopal. She was member of the Rajya Sabha from  April 1974 to April 1980 and from June 1980 to June 1986.

2nd Lok Sabha
The Second Lok Sabha (5 April 1957 – 31 March 1962) was elected after the 1957 Indian general election. The 2nd Lok Sabha lasted its full tenure of five years till 1962.

15 sitting members from Rajya Sabha were elected to 2nd Lok Sabha after the Indian general elections, 1957.
1998 Emirates Triangular Tournament
The Emirates Triangular Tournament was a One-day International cricket tri-series involving touring nations Sri Lanka and South Africa against each other and hosts England, in the 1998 international season which was seen as a prelude for the 1999 Cricket World Cup also hosted by England. Sri Lanka won the tournament by defeating England in the final, thanks to an unbeaten 132 by player of the tournament Marvan Atapattu.

These matches were the first official One-day Internationals played in England in coloured clothing, with England wearing light blue, South Africa in green and Sri Lanka in dark blue.

1999 Cricket World Cup
The 1999 ICC Cricket World Cup, also branded as England '99, was the seventh edition of the Cricket World Cup, organised by the International Cricket Council (ICC). It was hosted primarily by England, with selected matches also played in Wales, Scotland, Ireland and the Netherlands. The tournament was won by Australia, who beat Pakistan by 8 wickets in the final at Lord's in London.

The tournament was hosted three years after the previous Cricket World Cup, deviating from the usual four-year gap.