hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
De velitatione bellica
De velitatione bellica is the conventional Latin title for the Byzantine military treatise on skirmishing and guerrilla-type border warfare, composed circa 970. Its original Greek title is Περὶ Παραδρομῆς (Peri Paradromēs, "On Skirmishing").  The original author is unknown but likely to have been a high-ranking army officer close to the Phokas family.  The work describes tactics used previously against Muslim opponents but the author notes that due to recent Byzantine successes they might "not find application in the eastern regions at the present time" but might be useful for future campaigns.  The author is critical of the bureaucracy of the Constantinople-based government.

Phokas (Byzantine family)
Phokas (Ancient Greek: Φωκᾶς, romanized: Phōkâs) or Phocas (Latinized), feminine form Phokaina or Phocaena (Φώκαινα, Phṓkaina), was the name of a Byzantine aristocratic clan from Cappadocia, which in the 9th and 10th centuries provided a series of high-ranking generals and an emperor, Nikephoros II Phokas (r. 963–969). Its members and their clients monopolized the high-command positions of the Byzantine army for much of the 10th century and led the successful Byzantine offensive against the Arabs in the East. As one of the leading families of the Anatolian military aristocracy, the Phokades were also involved in a series of rebellions that laid claim to power and challenged the emperors at Constantinople. Their power was eventually broken by Basil II (r. 976–1025), and the family declined in importance after the 11th century.
Julien Kapek
Julien Kapek (born 12 January 1979 in Clamart, Hauts-de-Seine) is a French triple jumper.

His personal best is 17.38 metres, achieved in July 2006 in Tomblaine. This result places him fourth on the all-time French performers list, only behind Serge Hélan and Karl Taillepierre.

Competing for the USC Trojans track and field team, Kapek broke the school's record and eventually won an NCAA DI triple jump title.

Karl Taillepierre
Karl Taillepierre (born 13 August 1976, in Pointe-à-Pitre, Guadeloupe) is a French triple jumper.

His personal best jump is 17.45 metres, achieved in July 2005 in Angers. This result places him third on the all-time French performers list, behind Serge Hélan and Teddy Tamgho.
Gipping Ward, Ipswich
Gipping Ward is a ward in the South West Area of Ipswich, Suffolk, England. It returns three councillors to Ipswich Borough Council.

It is designated Middle Layer Super Output Area Ipswich 010 by the Office for National Statistics. It is composed of 5 Lower Layer Super Output Areas.

GSS coding system
GSS codes are nine-character geocodes maintained by the United Kingdom's Office for National Statistics (ONS) to represent a wide range of geographical areas of the UK, for use in tabulating census and other statistical data. GSS refers to the Government Statistical Service of which ONS is part.

GSS codes replaced a previous system called ONS codes from January 2011. ONS codes were hierarchical whereas in GSS codes there is no relation between the code for a lower-tier area and the corresponding parent area.
Pterostylis longifolia
Pterostylis longifolia, commonly known as the common leafy greenhood or tall greenhood, is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to eastern Australia. Flowering plants have up to seven flowers which are green, partly transparent and which have a labellum which is pale green and hairy with a blackish central stripe. Non-flowering plants have a rosette of leaves but flowering plants lack the rosette, instead having five to eight stem leaves. A similar species, Pterostylis melagramma has paler green flowers which have a less hairy labellum.

Pterostylis melagramma
Pterostylis melagramma, commonly known as black-stripe leafy greenhood is a plant in the orchid family Orchidaceae and is endemic to south-eastern Australia. Individual plants have either a rosette of three to six leaves or a flowering spike with up to twenty flowers and five to seven stem leaves. The flowers are translucent green with faint darker green lines and have a brownish-yellow labellum with a dark stripe.
Tennessee's Pardner
Tennessee's Pardner is a surviving 1916 American Western film directed by George Melford, written by Marion Fairfax, and starring Fannie Ward, Jack Dean, Charles Clary, Jessie Arnold, Ronald Bradbury, and Raymond Hatton. It was released February 6, 1916, by Paramount Pictures.

The film was based upon the 1869 Bret Harte story "Tennessee’s Pardner," which has also been filmed as The Flaming Forties (1924), The Golden Princess (1925), and Tennessee's Partner (1955).

Charles Clary
Charles Clary (March 24, 1873 – March 24, 1931) was an American actor of the silent film era. Clary appeared in more than 200 films between 1910 and 1930. He was born in Charleston, Illinois and died on his 58th birthday in Los Angeles, California. He worked for Selig and the Fine Arts Film Company. Before Clary joined Selig, he "played stock companies and road shows all over America".
830 Petropolitana
830 Petropolitana (prov. designation: A916 QE or 1916 ZZ) is a bright background asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt. It was discovered on 25 August 1916, by Russian astronomer Grigory Neujmin at the Simeiz Observatory on the Crimean peninsula. The stony S-type asteroid has a long rotation period of 39.0 hours and measures approximately 41 kilometers (25 miles) in diameter. It was named after the Russian city of Saint Petersburg.

Grigory Neujmin
Grigory Nikolayevich Neujmin (Russian: Григорий Николаевич Неуймин; 3 January 1886 [O.S. 22 December 1885] – 17 December 1946) was a Georgian–Russian astronomer, native of Tbilisi in Georgia, and a discoverer of numerous minor planets as well as 6 periodic and a hyperbolic comet at the Pulkovo and Simeiz Observatories during the first half of the 20th century.
Music of Cyprus
The music of Cyprus includes a variety of traditional, Western classical and Western popular genres. Cypriot traditional music is similar to the traditional music of Greece, it is most similar to Nisiotika the songs and dances of the Aegean islands, and includes dances like sousta, syrtos, ballos, tatsia, antikristos, arabiye, karotseris, sinalik, çifteli, zeimbekiko and the mandra dance.

Aegean Islands
The Aegean Islands are the group of islands in the Aegean Sea, with mainland Greece to the west and north and Turkey to the east; the island of Crete delimits the sea to the south, those of Rhodes, Karpathos and Kasos to the southeast. The ancient Greek name of the Aegean Sea, Archipelago (ἀρχιπέλαγος, archipelagos), was later applied to the islands it contains and is now used more generally, to refer to any island group.

The vast majority of the Aegean Islands belong to Greece, being split among nine administrative regions. The only sizable possessions of Turkey in the Aegean Sea are Imbros (Gökçeada) and Tenedos (Bozcaada), in the northeastern part of the sea. Various smaller islets off Turkey's western coast are also under Turkish sovereignty.

The islands have hot summers and mild winters, a hot-summer Mediterranean climate (Csa in the Köppen climate classification).
Kyle Castle
The ruins of the large courtyard style Kyle Castle, once also known as Cavil Castle or occasionally Dalblair Castle lie close to the hamlet of Dalblair in Auchinleck parish near Muirkirk in the East Ayrshire council area, Scotland. The castle stands at the confluence of the Guelt Water and the Glenmuir Water on a peninsula carved out by these rivers. Its name suggests that it was once of some significance.

A drawing of the castle when still intact was apparently kept at “the church at Coylton." The sketch is said to have depicted a four-storied Scottish Tower House with four rooms connected by a staircase.

Significantly the castle or fortalice stands at the boundary of the old lands of Kyle Regis and Kyle Stewart, marked by the confluence of the two rivers that join to form the Glenmuir Water. Nearby on the lands of Kyle Stewart stands the large Dornal Motte, a fortification that is recorded as 'Danhell' on Timothy Pont's 16th century map.

Timothy Pont
Reverend Timothy Pont (c. 1565 – c. 1615) was a Scottish minister, cartographer and topographer. He was the first to produce a detailed map of Scotland. Pont's maps are among the earliest surviving to show a European country in minute detail, from an actual survey.
Kentucky Route 434
Kentucky Route 434 (KY 434) is a 13.237-mile-long (21.303 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Kentucky. The highway connects mostly rural areas of Hardin and Bullitt counties with Radcliff, Fort Knox, and Lebanon Junction.

Radcliff, Kentucky
Radcliff is a home rule-class city in Hardin County, Kentucky, in the United States. The population was around 23,042 as of the 2020 Census, up from 21,692 from the 2010 census.

Its economy is largely dominated by the adjacent U.S. Army base Fort Knox and by the nearby city of Elizabethtown. Radcliff's population previously fluctuated greatly depending on the deployments of the units at the base, but the BRAC reorganization of 2005, and the quartering of the U.S. Army's Human Resources Command to Fort Knox has created a larger and more stable population.
Death of a Poetess
Death of a Poetess is a 2017 Israeli film, directed and written by Efrat Mishori and Dana Goldberg. The lead roles in the film are played by Evgenia Dodina and Samira Saraya. The film premiered at the 2017 Jerusalem Film Festival.

Jerusalem Film Festival
The Jerusalem Film Festival (Hebrew: פסטיבל הקולנוע ירושלים, Arabic: مهرجان القدس السينمائي) is an international film festival held annually in Jerusalem,  It was established in 1984 by the Director of the Jerusalem Cinematheque and Israeli Film Archive, Lia Van Leer, and has since become the main Israeli event for filmmakers and enthusiasts. Over the course of ten days every summer, over 200 films from 60 countries are screened at the Festival, along with a variety of special events, panels, and meetings with prominent local and international filmmakers, as well as professional industry workshops and events.
Timeline of art
This page indexes the individual year in art pages; see also art periods. This list is exclusively for the visual arts; for music, see Timeline of musical events.

Prehistoric – 1000s – 1010s – 1020s – 1030s – 1040s – 1050s – 1060s – 1070s – 1080s – 1090s – 1100s – 1110s – 1120s – 1130s – 1140s – 1150s – 1160s – 1170s – 1180s – 1190s – 1200s – 1210s – 1220s – 1230s – 1240s – 1250s – 1260s – 1270s – 1280s – 1290s – 1300s – 1310s – 1320s – 1330s – 1340s – 1350s – 1360s – 1370s – 1380s – 1390s – 1400s – 1410s – 1420s – 1430s – 1440s – 1450s – 1460s – 1470s – 1480s – 1490s – 1500s – 1510s – 1520s – 1530s – 1540s – 1550s – 1560s – 1570s – 1580s – 1590s – 1600s – 1610s – 1620s – 1630s – 1640s – 1650s – 1660s – 1670s – 1680s – 1690s – 1700s – 1710s – 1720s – 1730s – 1740s – 1750s – 1760s – 1770s – 1780s – 1790s – 1800s – 1810s – 1820s – 1830s – 1840s – 1850s – 1860s – 1870s – 1880s – 1890s – 1900s – 1910s – 1920s – 1930s – 1940s – 1950s – 1960s – 1970s – 1980s – 1990s – 2000s – 2010s – 2020s

Timeline of musical events
Contents: Ancient music – Early history – 1500s – 1510s – 1520s – 1530s – 1540s – 1550s – 1560s – 1570s – 1580s – 1590s – 1600s – 1610s – 1620s – 1630s – 1640s – 1650s – 1660s – 1670s – 1680s – 1690s – 1700s – 1710s – 1720s – 1730s – 1740s – 1750s – 1760s – 1770s – 1780s – 1790s – 1800s – 1810s – 1820s – 1830s – 1840s – 1850s – 1860s – 1870s – 1880s – 1890s – 1900s – 1910s – 1920s – 1930s – 1940s – 1950s – 1960s – 1970s – 1980s – 1990s – 2000s – 2010s – 2020s

This page indexes the individual year in music pages.
Opened, But Hardly Touched
Opened, But Hardly Touched is a live album by saxophonist Peter Brötzmann, double bassist Harry Miller, and drummer Louis Moholo. It was recorded on November 5 and 6, 1980, at the Flöz in Berlin, and was released on vinyl as a two-album set in 1981 by FMP/Free Music Production. In 2014, the album was reissued on CD by the Cien Fuegos imprint of Trost Records.

The album is the trio's second release, following The Nearer the Bone, the Sweeter the Meat (FMP, 1979).

Peter Brötzmann
Peter Brötzmann (6 March 1941 – 22 June 2023) was a German jazz saxophonist and clarinetist regarded as a central and pioneering figure in European free jazz. Throughout his career, he released over fifty albums as a bandleader. Amongst his many collaborators were key figures in free jazz, including Derek Bailey, Anthony Braxton and Cecil Taylor, as well as experimental musicians such as Keiji Haino and Charles Hayward. His 1968 Machine Gun became "one of the landmark albums of 20th-century free jazz".
Babel (2017 manga)
Babel (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Yūgo Ishikawa, based on Takizawa Bakin's novel Nansō Satomi Hakkenden. It was serialized in Shogakukan's seinen manga magazine Big Comic Superior from December 2017 to August 2021, with its chapters collected in ten tankōbon volumes.

Big Comic Superior
Big Comic Superior (ビッグコミックスペリオール, Biggu Komikku Superiōru) is a semimonthly seinen manga magazine published since July 1, 1987, by Shogakukan in Japan. Its target audience is somewhere between the audience for Big Comic Original and Big Comic Spirits. The magazine has published works by a number of well-known manga artists, including Ryoichi Ikegami, Mochiru Hoshisato, Yū Koyama, Yūji Aoki, Fumi Saimon, Norifusa Mita, George Akiyama, and Buronson.

Superior was originally a special issue of Big Comic Original, published twice monthly on the 1st and 15th. However, since it was selling just as well as the main three magazines (Big Comic, Big Comic Original, and Big Comic Spirits), it began to be released every other week. It is currently released twice monthly on the second and fourth Fridays. As of 2015, Superior has a reported circulation of 115,334 for each issue.
God Save the Queen/Under Heavy Manners
God Save the Queen/Under Heavy Manners is the second solo album by British guitarist and composer Robert Fripp, released on E.G. Records in 1980.

The album largely consists of Frippertronics, with much of the work being performed by improvisation. On the Under Heavy Manners side of the album, the effect was modified in what Fripp described as "Discotronics", adding a solid drum beat and bass line to create a dance sound.

The design concept was by Fripp and Chris Stein, with Stein credited for the cover portrait.

Chris Stein
Christopher Stein (born January 5, 1950) is an American musician and songwriter known as the co-founder and guitarist of the new wave band Blondie. He is also a producer and performer for the classic soundtrack of the 1982 hip hop film Wild Style, and writer of the soundtrack for the 1980 film Union City, as well as an accomplished photographer.
Little Seboeis River
The Little Seboeis River is a short stream in Maine Township 4, Range 7, WELS, Penobscot County, Maine. From its source (45°59′09″N 68°34′35″W﻿ / ﻿45.9858°N 68.5765°W﻿ / 45.9858; -68.5765﻿ (Little Seboeis River source)), the river runs 5.5 miles (8.9 km) south and west to its confluence with the Seboeis River.

Seboeis River
The Seboeis River is a river in Penobscot County, Maine. The river is the outflow of Snowshoe Lake (46°14′41″N 68°37′03″W﻿ / ﻿46.2447°N 68.6175°W﻿ / 46.2447; -68.6175﻿ (Seboeis River source)) in Maine Township 7, Range 7, WELS; Snowshoe Lake is fed via a short stream from Grand Lake Seboeis. The river runs 28.1 miles (45.2 km) south — through White Horse Lake, Seboeis Deadwater, Upper Seboeis River Gorge, and Gagnon Flat — to its confluence with the East Branch of the Penobscot River in T.3 R.7 WELS.
Hemel Storm
Hemel Storm are a British semi-professional basketball club from Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire. Founded in 2006, the Storm compete in NBL Division 1, the second tier of the British basketball system, and play their home games at the Everyone Active Hemel Hempstead Sports Centre. The club had been based in several locations across Hertfordshire and north London before settling into their current, long-term home in 2010.

The club has no formal links to the Hemel Hempstead Lakers, a basketball club formerly in the town which relocated to Milton Keynes in 1998.

London Lions (basketball)
London Lions are a British professional basketball team based in Stratford, East London, England, and compete in the Super League Basketball (SLB).

The team was originally founded in 1977 as the Hemel Hempstead Lakers. Following an ownership take over by Vince Macaulay in 1993, the club subsequently relocated to Watford, and then Milton Keynes, where they were known as Milton Keynes Lions. It was in Milton Keynes that the team won its first silverware in 2008, the BBL Cup. The Lions relocated to London in 2012 and play its home games at the Copper Box Arena in the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park, as well as occasional EuroCup matches at Wembley Arena.

The Lions were purchased by 777 Partners in 2020, ending Macaulay's 27-year tenure.  After the threat of bankruptcy following their owners' collapse amid claims of financial fraud  at the end of the 2023–24 season, the club was rescued for the 2024–25 season under the ownership of Tesonet, minority shareholders of BC Žalgiris.
Umeboshi
Umeboshi (Japanese: 梅干し, pronounced [ɯmeboɕi], lit. 'dried ume') are pickled (brined) ume fruits common in Japan. The word umeboshi is often translated into English as 'salted Japanese plums', 'Japanese plums' or 'preserved plums'. Ume (Prunus mume) is a species of fruit-bearing tree in the genus Prunus, which is often called a "plum", but is actually more closely related to the apricot. Pickled ume which are not dried are called umezuke (梅漬け).

Umeboshi are a popular kind of Japanese tsukemono ('pickled thing'; preserved or fermented) and are extremely sour and salty. Sweet umeboshi made with honey also exist. They are usually served as a side dish for rice or eaten on rice balls (often without removing the pit) for breakfast and lunch. They are occasionally served boiled or seasoned for dinner.

Apricot
An apricot (US: /ˈæprɪkɒt/ ⓘ, UK: /ˈeɪprɪkɒt/ ⓘ) is a fruit, or the tree that bears the fruit, of several species in the genus Prunus. Usually an apricot is from the species Prunus armeniaca, but the fruits of the other species in Prunus sect. Armeniaca are also called apricots. In 2023, world production of apricots was 3.7 million tonnes, led by Turkey with 20% of the total.

Prunus armeniaca was domesticated in ancient times in Central Asia and China. The specific epithet armeniaca refers to the country of Armenia in Western Asia. Cultivation of the tree then spread across Eurasia and to North Africa and Japan. The fruit is consumed both fresh and dried. Apricots are used in dishes including cakes, tarts, and jam, and in savoury dishes, for example in stuffing. In Austria, they are the basis of Marillenknödel, sweet apricot dumplings.
Neosuchia
Neosuchia is a clade within Mesoeucrocodylia that includes all modern extant crocodilians and their closest fossil relatives. It is defined as the most inclusive clade containing all crocodylomorphs more closely related to Crocodylus niloticus (the Nile Crocodile) than to Notosuchus terrestris. Members of Neosuchia generally share a crocodilian-like bodyform adapted to freshwater aquatic life, as opposed to the terrestrial habits of more basal crocodylomorph groups. The earliest neosuchian is suggested to be the Early Jurassic Calsoyasuchus, which lived during the Sinemurian and Pliensbachian stages in North America. It is often identified as a member of Goniopholididae, though this is disputed, and the taxon may lie outside Neosuchia, which places the earliest records of the group in the Middle Jurassic.

Mesoeucrocodylia
Mesoeucrocodylia is the clade that includes Eusuchia and crocodyliforms formerly placed in the paraphyletic group Mesosuchia. The group appeared during the Early Jurassic, and continues to the present day.
Smbat VIII Bagratuni
Smbat VIII Bagratuni or Smbat the Confessor (Armenian: Սմբատ Խոստովանող, romanized: Smbat Khostovanogh) was an Armenian noble of the Bagratid (Bagratuni) family and one of the most important princes (nakharar) of Armenia in the mid-9th century as the commander-in-chief (sparapet) of Armenia. Taken prisoner to Samarra, he was pressured to convert to Islam but refused and died there. He was the father of Ashot I of Armenia, founder of the Bagratid Kingdom of Armenia.

Sparapet
Sparapet (Old Armenian: սպարապետ) was a military title and office in ancient and medieval Armenia. Under the Arsacid dynasty of Armenia, the sparapet was the supreme commander of the kingdom's armed forces. During the Arsacid period and for some time afterwards, the office was held hereditarily by the senior member of the House of Mamikonian. Later in history, the title was held by members of other noble houses, such as the Bagratuni and Pahlavuni dynasties. The title was used in the medieval Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia, where the bearer of the title was also called gundstabl (գունդստաբլ), from the Byzantine and Western title of constable.
London School of Commerce
London School of Commerce, legally St Piran's School (GB) Ltd, is a private, independent higher education institution and associate college of the University of Suffolk located in London, England. It is not a member institution of, or related to, the University of London.

Its main campus is located in Southwark, with international campuses in Malta, Colombo, Kuala Lumpur and Dhaka under the LSC Group of Colleges.

It offers bachelors degrees in business and healthcare on behalf of other institutions.  It also offers an MBA programme.  It has been criticised as being a diploma mill, particularly in regards to its international campuses.

Diploma mill
A diploma mill or degree mill is a business that sells illegitimate diplomas or academic degrees. The term diploma mill is also used pejoratively to describe any educational institution with low standards for admission and graduation, low career placement rate, or low average starting salaries of its graduates.

The degrees can be fabricated, falsified, or misrepresented. These businesses may claim to give credit for relevant life experience but without actual prior learning assessment programs. They may also claim to evaluate work history or require submission of a thesis or dissertation for evaluation to give an appearance of authenticity. Diploma mills are frequently supported by accreditation mills set up for the purpose of providing an appearance of authenticity. Diploma mills are considered a global threat to academic integrity.
Viktor Budyanskiy
Viktor Igorevich Budyansky, sometimes Boudianski (Russian: Виктор Игоревич Будянский, born 12 January 1984) is a retired association footballer who played as a midfielder. He last played for Italian club Udinese.

Udinese Calcio
Udinese Calcio (Italian pronunciation: [udiˈneːze ˈkaltʃo, -eːse -]; "Udinese Football") is a professional football club based in Udine, Friuli-Venezia Giulia, Italy. The team currently competes in the Serie A, the first tier of Italian football. It was founded on 30 November 1896 as a sports club, and on 5 July 1911 as a football club.

The traditional team home kit is black and white striped shirt, black shorts, and white socks. The club broadcasts on channel 110 (Udinese Channel) on digital terrestrial television in the north-east of Italy. It has many fans in Friuli and the surrounding areas.