hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Marshall Spring Bidwell
Marshall Spring Bidwell (February 16, 1799 – October 24, 1872) was a lawyer and political figure in Upper Canada.

He was born in Stockbridge, Massachusetts in 1799, the son of politician Barnabas Bidwell. His family settled in Bath in Upper Canada before the War of 1812. He studied with a law firm in Kingston and was called to the Ontario Bar in 1821. When his father was unseated in 1821 based on allegations of misappropriation of funds in Massachusetts, Bidwell presented himself as a candidate but was declared ineligible. In the April 1823 Lennox and Addington by-election, Bidwell ran against George Ham of Bath where Ham won by 13 votes.

Loyalist, Ontario
Loyalist is a lower-tier township in central eastern Ontario, Canada on Lake Ontario. It is in Lennox and Addington County and consists of two parts: the mainland and Amherst Island. It was named for the United Empire Loyalists, who settled in the area after the American Revolution.

Loyalist Township was formed on January 1, 1998, through the amalgamation of Amherst Island Township, Ernestown Township, and Bath Village.
Khawajgan
Khawajgan (خواجڴان;) is a Pashtun community in northern Pakistan. It is located in Mansehra District, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Province, about 45 kilometers east of the Indus River and 156 kilometers from Islamabad, in the lower Pakhal Valley. It is the de facto headquarters of the Swati tribe and the second most populous village in the Pakhal Valley with prevailing Nambardari system; currently headed by Nambardar Abdul Ghafoor Khan and Abdul Zahoor Khan (Ex Nazim) s/o Muhammad Maroof Khan (Late Nambardar).

Khawajgan is bordered on the east by the village of Sherpur; on the west by Janglat, the Meadows of Ajmer, and Chorgali; on the north by Muradpur (Najjha), the Jageer area, Tatar, and Gidarpur; and on the south by the city of Mansehra.

The main language is Pushto, with pockets of Hindko. Small minorities speak Urdu and English.

Mansehra
Mansehra (Urdu, Hindko:  مانسہرہ) is a city in the Hazara Division of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province, Pakistan. It is the 71st most populous city in the country and the 7th most populous in the province, and serves as the headquarter of its namesake tehsil and district.
Ricardo Goulart
Ricardo Goulart Pereira (Brazilian Portuguese: [ʁiˈkaʁdu ɡuˈlaʁ]; born 5 June 1991), known as Ricardo Goulart, is a Brazilian former footballer who played as an attacking midfielder.

Goulart started his career with Santo André in 2009, and remained at the club until 2011, with a loan to Internacional. He played the 2012 season Goiás in the second tier, before joining Cruzeiro the following year.

At Cruzeiro, Goulart cemented a place in the first team, and during his two-year stint, he made a total of 99 appearances and scored 34 times, winning the 2014 Brasileiro with the club. His personal awards include the 2014 Bola de Ouro, besides featuring in the team of the season. In 2015, he entered Asian football by signing for Chinese club Guangzhou Evergrande, where he won the Chinese Super League and AFC Champions League in his first season.

Goulart made his international debut for the Brazil national football team against Colombia in 2014.

2010 Copa FGF
2010 Copa FGF, also known as Copa Enio Costamilan, is the 7th edition of Copa FGF. 18 team participated in the tournament.

The winner would be qualified for 2010 Recopa Sul-Brasileira and 2011 Campeonato Brasileiro Série D. However, the winner may already qualified for the higher division or withdraw to play. Moreover, If 2011 Campeonato Gaúcho winner and runner-up were Grêmio and Internacional (GRE–NAL), the runner-up of the cup would be allocated 1 of the 3 spot of the state to 2012 Copa do Brasil, otherwise the champion, runner-up and the third place of the league would be qualified to the cup.
Timeline of Scottish Television
This is a timeline of the history of the British broadcaster Scottish Television (now known as STV Central). It provides the ITV network service for Central Scotland.

The timeline also includes events for the whole of the merged STV channel covering Central and Northern Scotland after 2006.

STV News
STV News is a Scottish news division produced by STV. The news department produces two regional services covering STV's Channel 3 franchise areas of Northern and Central Scotland.

STV News programmes are produced from studios in Glasgow and Aberdeen with reporters also based at newsrooms in Edinburgh, Dundee and Inverness and political correspondents based at Holyrood and Westminster. Freelance correspondents and camera crews are based on the Orkney and Shetland Isles, Wick and Fort William with a permanent Western Isles correspondent based in Stornoway.

In addition to its daily bulletins and online services, STV News also produces the current affairs programme Scotland Tonight, the showbiz magazine show What's On Scotland, along with feature documentaries.
Jacopo da Camerino
Jacopo da Camerino was an Italian mosaicist and a Franciscan friar. He was born in Camerino in the Marca of Ancona, and is known to have worked in Rome and Orvieto from 1288 to 1321. He assisted Iacopo Torriti with the apse mosaics for the church of San Giovanni in Laterano, where he is also portrayed. His compositions are in a style similar to that of Cimabue.

Cimabue
Giovanni Cimabue (/ˌtʃiːməˈbuːeɪ/ CHEE-mə-BOO-ay, Italian: [tʃimaˈbuːe]; c. 1240 – 1302), also known as Cenni di Pepo or Cenni di Pepi, was an Italian painter and designer of mosaics from Florence.

Although heavily influenced by Byzantine models, Cimabue is generally regarded as one of the first great Italian painters to break from the Italo-Byzantine style. Compared with the norms of medieval art, his works have more lifelike figural proportions and a more sophisticated use of shading to suggest volume. According to Italian painter and historian Giorgio Vasari, Cimabue was the teacher of Giotto, the first great artist of the Italian Proto-Renaissance. However, many scholars today tend to discount Vasari's claim by citing earlier sources that suggest otherwise.
Jameh Mosque of Dezful
The Jameh Mosque of Dezful (Persian: مسجد جامع دزفول; Arabic: جامع دزفول), also known as the Great Mosque of Desfool, is a Friday mosque located in Dezful, in the Dezful County of the province of Khuzestan, Iran. Situated on Imam Khomeini Street, the mosque was completed in c. 3rd or 4th century AH (c. 7th or 8th centuries CE) in the Sasanian architecture style, and is the oldest and first mosque in Dezful, and one of the oldest mosques in Iran.

The mosque was added to the Iran National Heritage List on 20 December 1936, administered by the Cultural Heritage, Handicrafts and Tourism Organization of Iran.

Congregational mosque
A congregational mosque or Friday mosque (Arabic: مَسْجِد جَامِع, romanized: masjid jāmi‘, or simply جَامِع, jāmi‘; Turkish: Cami), or sometimes great mosque or grand mosque (جامع كبير, jāmi‘ kabir; Ulu Cami), is a mosque for hosting the Friday noon prayers known as jumu'ah. It can also host the Eid prayers in situations when there is no musalla or eidgah available nearby to host the prayers. In early Islamic history, the number of congregational mosques in one city was strictly limited. As cities and populations grew over time, it became more common for many mosques to host Friday prayers in the same area. In early centuries, the congregational mosque was also a center of social and public life, hosting various other activities in addition to prayers, such as judicial and educational functions.
Ham Street Woods
Ham Street Woods is a 175.2-hectare (433-acre) biological Site of Special Scientific Interest south of Ashford in Kent. It is a Nature Conservation Review site, Grade I, and an area of 97.1 hectares (240 acres) is a National Nature Reserve.

This semi-natural wood is more than 400 years old, and it has rich and diverse invertebrates, including 12 rare or scarce dead wood species, such as the nationally rare beetle, Tomoxia biguttata.

There is access from the Greensand Way, which crosses the site. The wood comprises Barrow Wood, Bourne Wood and Carter's Wood, the latter two having residential roads named after them in Hamstreet.

A Nature Conservation Review
A Nature Conservation Review is a two-volume work by Derek Ratcliffe, published by Cambridge University Press in 1977. It set out to identify the most important places for nature conservation in Great Britain. It is often known by the initials NCR, and sites listed in it are termed "NCR sites".

The approach adopted by Ratcliffe was adapted and applied to the selection of sites important for geological conservation in the Geological Conservation Review. A Marine Nature Conservation Review has also been published.

Volume 1 set out the rationale and methods used, and gave descriptions of the major habitat types.

Volume 2 consisted entirely of a site inventory. Sites were grouped into six major habitat types:

Coastal sites - 135 sites

Woodlands - 234 sites

Lowland grasslands, heaths and scrub - 159 sites

Open waters - 99 sites

Peatlands - 116 sites

Upland grasslands and heaths - 101 sites
Bilyar Point
Bilyar Point (Bulgarian: нос Биляр, ‘Nos Bilyar’ \'nos bi-'lyar\) is a rounded ice-free point on Ivanov Beach in western Livingston Island, the South Shetland Islands in Antarctica projecting 350 m into Barclay Bay. Situated 3 km southwest of Rowe Point, northwest of Rotch Dome, 1.7 km northeast of Nedelya Point and 4.5 km east-northeast of Lair Point.

The feature is part of the Antarctic Specially Protected Area ASPA 126 Byers Peninsula, situated in one of its restricted zones.

The point is named after the medieval city of Bilyar, capital of Volga Bulgaria in 12-13th Century AD.

Lair Point
Lair Point is a point projecting 570 m into Barclay Bay from Robbery Beaches on Byers Peninsula, Livingston Island in the South Shetland Islands, Antarctica and forming the east side of the entrance to Kukuzel Cove.  Dominated by Lair Hill (96 m).

The point is named descriptively from a large cave on the point used by the early 19th century sealers, relics of whose occupation were found by the Falkland Islands Dependencies Survey in 1957–58.
Visa requirements for Chinese citizens
Visa requirements for Chinese citizens are administrative entry restrictions imposed on citizens of China who hold Mainland passport by the authorities of other states.

As of 2025, Chinese citizens had visa-free or visa on arrival access to 85 countries and territories, ranking the Chinese Passport 58th in the world according to the Henley Passport Index.

Closed city
A closed city or town is a settlement where travel or residency restrictions are applied.

Historically, the construction of closed cities became increasingly common after the beginning of the Cold War, particularly in the Soviet Union. Since the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991, they remain widespread in Russia and some of the other post-Soviet countries. The Russian government officially designates these closed cities as "closed administrative–territorial formations" (ZATO; Russian: закрытые административно–территориальные образования [ЗАТО]), for the management and execution of high-value research and development concerning nuclear energy, weapons of mass destruction, or the space industry.
Bardeh Bal
Bardeh Bal (Persian: برده بل; also known as Bardbal) is a village in Shabab Rural District, in the Shabab District of Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 304, in 64 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Shabab Rural District
Shabab Rural District (Persian: دهستان شباب) is in Shabab District of Chardavol County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Sang-e Sefid. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Halesam, and prior to this, its capital was the village of Shabab, now a city.
Chuleh Dan
Chuleh Dan (Persian: چوله دان, also Romanized as Chūleh Dān; also known as Choldān) is a village in Miankuh Rural District, Miankuh District, Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 571, in 107 families. The village is populated by Lurs.

Miankuh Rural District (Ardal County)
Miankuh Rural District (Persian: دهستان ميانكوه) is in Miankuh District of Ardal County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Deh Kohneh-ye Halu Saad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sar Khun, now a city.
Outline of Washington (state)
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the U.S. state of Washington:

Washington is a state in the Pacific Northwest region of the United States, and is named after George Washington, the first President of the United States (it is the only U.S. state named after a president). Washington was carved out of the western part of Washington Territory which had been ceded by Britain in 1846 by the Oregon Treaty as settlement of the Oregon Boundary Dispute. It was admitted to the Union as the 42nd state in 1889. The state's population at the 2010 United States census was 6,724,540. Washington is often called Washington State or the state of Washington to distinguish it from Washington, D.C.

History of Washington (state)
The history of Washington includes thousands of years of Native American history before Europeans arrived and began to establish territorial claims. The region was part of Oregon Territory from 1848 to 1853, after which it was separated from Oregon and established as Washington Territory following the efforts at the Monticello Convention. On November 11, 1889, Washington became the 42nd state of the United States.
Index of trauma and orthopaedics articles
Orthopedic surgery is the branch of surgery concerned with conditions involving the musculoskeletal system. Orthopedic surgeons use both surgical and nonsurgical means to treat musculoskeletal injuries, sports injuries, degenerative diseases, infections, bone tumours, and congenital limb deformities.  Trauma surgery and traumatology is a sub-specialty dealing with the operative management of fractures, major trauma and the multiply-injured patient.

List excludes anatomical terminology covered in index of anatomy articles.

Trevor disease
Trevor disease, also known as dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica and Trevor's disease, is a congenital bone developmental disorder. There is 1 case per million population. The condition is three times more common in males than in females.
2024 D.C. United season
The 2024 season was D.C. United's 29th in existence and its 29th consecutive season in the top division of American soccer, Major League Soccer. In addition to MLS, D.C. United participated in the 2024 Leagues Cup.

United finished the season 20th in the league and 10th in Eastern Conference, an improvement from 2023 where they finished 12th in the Eastern Conference, and 23rd overall. However, on the final day of the season, the club lost at home causing them to miss the playoffs for the fifth-consecutive season.

Christian Benteke finished the season with 23 goals in league play and 25 goals in all competitions, allowing him to win the MLS Golden Boot. Benteke became the first United player since Dwayne De Rosario in 2011 to win the Golden Boot.

Christian Benteke
Christian Benteke Liolo (born 3 December 1990) is a Belgian professional footballer who plays as a forward for UAE Pro League club Al Wahda.

Benteke began his career at Standard Liège, playing a part in their 2008–09 Belgian First Division triumph. Following a season at Genk he was signed for £7 million by Aston Villa. He scored 49 goals in 101 matches for Villa across all competitions. He spent a single season at Liverpool, scoring a total of 10 goals, before being transferred to Crystal Palace at the start of the 2016–17 season.

Benteke earned 45 caps for Belgium between his debut in 2010 and 2022. He missed the 2014 FIFA World Cup through injury, but was part of their team that reached the quarter-finals of UEFA Euro 2016 and Euro 2020.
Castleiney
Castleiney, officially Castleleiny (Irish: Caisleán Laighnigh), is a village in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is one half of the Roman Catholic parish of Loughmore-Castleiney. It lies within the barony of Eliogarty and is approximately 5 km from Templemore and 7 km from Loughmore. The village is connected to Templemore via the R433, R502 and L3205 roads.

Templemore
Templemore (Irish: An Teampall Mór, meaning 'the big church') is a town in County Tipperary, Ireland. It is a civil parish in the historical barony of Eliogarty. It is part of the parish of Templemore, Clonmore and Killea in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Cashel and Emly.

The town's population increased from 1,939 at the 2016 census to 2,005 in the 2022 census.
SS Florida (1889)
45°17.781′N 83°17.011′W﻿ / ﻿45.296350°N 83.283517°W﻿ / 45.296350; -83.283517

SS Florida was a wooden-hulled Great Lakes freighter that served on the Great Lakes from her construction in 1889, to her sinking in May 1897 when she collided with the larger wooden hulled freighter George W. Roby. Her wreck was located in July 1994, in 206 feet (63 m) of water almost completely intact, save for her stern.

Lake freighter
Lake freighters, or lakers, are bulk carriers operating on the Great Lakes of North America. These vessels are traditionally called boats, although classified as ships. Freighters typically have a long, narrow hull, a raised pilothouse, and the engine located at the rear of the ship.

Lakers have been used since the late 19th century to haul raw material from docks in the Great Lakes and St Lawrence Seaway regions to the industrial centers of Ontario, Quebec, and the American Midwest. The navigation season typically runs from late March through next mid-January due to the formation of ice on the lakes.

The largest lake freighters can travel up to 15 knots (28 km/h; 17 mph) and can carry as much as 78,850 long tons (80,120 t) of bulk cargo.

SS Edmund Fitzgerald, which sank in 1975, became widely known as the largest  vessel to be wrecked on the Great Lakes.
Sahen River
The Sahen River (Portuguese: Rio Sáhen, Tetum: Mota Sahen) is a river in Timor-Leste. It originates in central Manatuto municipality, flows in a mostly southerly direction, and then discharges into the Timor Sea at the southern tip of the border between Manatuto and Manufahi municipalities.

Manufahi Municipality
Manufahi (Portuguese: Município Manufahi, Tetum: Munisípiu Manufahi) is one of the municipalities of Timor-Leste. It has a population of 53,691 (2015 census) and an area of 1,323 km2. The capital of the municipality is Same.
Valhalla IP
Valhalla IP is a stadium in Gothenburg, Sweden which is currently home to IFK Göteborg (women), Göteborgs DFF and Qviding FIF. The stadium is situated close the river Mölndalsån and Burgårdsparken of the town and is named after the Valhalla (Old Norse Valhöll, "Hall of the Slain") is Odin's hall in Norse mythology. The capacity of the stadium is 4,000, where 1,200 are seated. Valhalla IP had an artificial pitch added in October 2006.

On October 19, 2008, during a football match between Örgryte IS and FC Väsby United, after one minute of play a railing in the stands collapsed when fans celebrated a goal scored by Marcus Allbäck. Up to forty spectators fell down on the field, a few suffered minor injuries and one spectator was taken to hospital.

It also hosted some Sweden men's national football team games.

Örgryte IS
Örgryte Idrottssällskap, commonly referred to as Örgryte IS, Örgryte (Swedish: [ˈœ̂ːrˌɡryːtɛ]) or (especially locally) ÖIS or Öis, is a Swedish sports club based in Gothenburg. It consists of four departments, namely bowling, football, athletics and wrestling. However, the club is best known for its football department. The club was founded in 1887 which makes it the oldest active sports club in the country.
Iranian Americans
Iranian-Americans, also known as Persian Americans, are United States citizens or nationals who are of Iranian ancestry or who hold Iranian citizenship. According to the National Organization for Civil Registration, an organization of the Ministry of Interior of Iran, the United States has the greatest number of Iranians outside the country.

Most Iranian-Americans arrived in the United States after 1979 in the wake  of the Iranian Revolution and the fall of the Iranian monarchy. Over 40% of them settled in California, specifically Los Angeles, where they formed distinct ethnic enclaves, such as the Angelino community of "Tehrangeles" in Westwood, Los Angeles.

Research by the Iranian Studies Group at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology in 2004 estimated the number of Iranian-Americans at 691,000, about half of whom live in  California.

Iranian Azerbaijanis
Iranian Azerbaijanis are a Turkic ethnic group native to the Iranian Azerbaijan region (including provinces of East Azerbaijan, Ardabil, Zanjan and West Azerbaijan). They also live in smaller numbers in other provinces, such as Kurdistan, Qazvin, Hamadan, Gilan, Markazi and Kermanshah. Iranian Azerbaijanis constitute the largest ethnic minority in Iran and make up significant minorities in Tehran, Karaj, and elsewhere in Iran. Most Iranian Azerbaijanis are bilingual in Azerbaijani and Persian.
Clarence Miller (activist)
Clarence Miller (born 1906) was a 20th-century American labor activist who, as a member of the Young Communist League USA, participated in the 1926 Passaic textile strike (January 25, 1926 – March 1, 1927) and the 1929 Loray Mill strike (AKA Gastonia Strike) (March 30, 1929 – June 7, 1929), in which he and six other labor leaders were found guilty of murder.

Textile Workers Union of America
The Textile Workers Union of America  (TWUA) was an industrial union of textile workers established through the Congress of Industrial Organizations in 1939 and merged with the Amalgamated Clothing Workers of America to become the Amalgamated Clothing and Textile Workers Union (ACTWU) in 1976. It waged a decades-long campaign to organize J.P. Stevens and other Southern textile manufacturers that achieved some successes.
Judah ben Moses Romano
Judah ben Moses Romano (c. 1293 – after 1330) was an Italian Jewish philosopher and translator of the fourteenth century. He was a cousin of Immanuel of Rome.

He was a significant early translator of works of scholastic philosophy from Latin into Hebrew. He was the first Hebrew translator of Thomas Aquinas; he also translated Albertus Magnus, Giles of Rome, Alexander of Alessandri, Domenicus Gundissalinus and Angelo of Camerino.

He translated sections of the Divine Comedy of Dante, and gave public readings of it. He was employed by Robert of Naples, along with Immanuel and Kalonymus ben Kalonymus.

Giles of Rome
Giles of Rome OSA (Latin: Aegidius Romanus; Italian: Egidio Colonna; c. 1243 – 22 December 1316) was a medieval philosopher and Scholastic theologian and a friar of the Order of St Augustine, who was also appointed to the positions of prior general of his order and as Archbishop of Bourges. He is famed as being a logician, who produced a commentary on the Organon by Aristotle, and as the author of two important works: De ecclesiastica potestate, a major text of early-14th-century papalism, and De regimine principum, a guide book for Christian temporal leadership. Giles was styled Doctor Fundatissimus ("Best-Grounded Teacher") by Pope Benedict XIV.

Writers in 14th- and 15th-century-England such as John Trevisa and Thomas Hoccleve translated or adapted him into English.
Plantation, Florida
Plantation is a city in Broward County, Florida, United States. It is a part of the South Florida metropolitan area. The city's name comes from the previous part-owner of the land, the Everglades Plantation Company, and their unsuccessful attempts to establish a rice plantation in the area. As of the 2020 US census, the population was 91,750.

Davie, Florida
Davie is a town in Broward County, Florida, United States, approximately 24 miles (39 km) north of Miami. The town's population was 110,320 at the 2020 census, making it the largest town in Florida by population. Davie is a principal town of the Miami metropolitan area. Horseback riding is common, as many of its historic buildings include ranches and other Western establishments.