hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calliobdella
Calliobdella is a genus of annelids belonging to the family Piscicolidae. The species of this genus are found in Europe and Northern America.

Species in this genus include:

Calliobdella knightjonesi Burreson, 1984

Calliobdella lophii Van Beneden & Hesse, 1863

Calliobdella mammillata (Malm, 1863)

Calliobdella nodulifera (Malm, 1863)

Calliobdella punctata Beneden & Hesse, 1863

Piscicolidae
The Piscicolidae are a family of jawless leeches in the order Rhynchobdellida that are parasitic on fish. They occur in both freshwater and seawater, have cylindrical bodies, and typically have a large, bell-shaped, anterior sucker with which they cling to their host. Some of the leeches in this family have external gills, outgrowths of the body wall projecting laterally, the only group of leeches to exchange gases in this way.

Worldwide, around 60 genera and 100 species of leeches are in this family, all parasitic on the blood of marine, estuarine, and freshwater fishes. These leeches are less common in the tropics, and  more abundant in temperate and polar waters.
Triel-sur-Seine
Triel-sur-Seine (French pronunciation: [tʁijɛl syʁ sɛn], literally Triel on Seine) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. It is positioned approximately 11 km (6.8 mi) to the north-west of Saint-Germain-en-Laye.

The city is known for the "Fête du Flan", literally Flan Party, which takes place every last weekend of September on the banks of the Seine. This is a garage sale. The bakeries of the city have on this occasion several stands on which it is possible to consume flan. The city entered the Guinness Book in 1995 for having made the largest flan in the world (5.10 m in diameter).

Saint-Germain-en-Laye
Saint-Germain-en-Laye (French: [sɛ̃ ʒɛʁmɛ̃ ɑ̃ lɛ] ⓘ) is a commune in the Yvelines department in the Île-de-France in north-central France. It is located in the western suburbs of Paris, 19.1 km (11.9 mi) from the centre of Paris.

Inhabitants are called Saint-Germanois or Saint-Germinois. With its elegant tree-lined streets it is one of the more affluent suburbs of Paris, combining both high-end leisure spots and exclusive residential neighborhoods (see the Golden Triangle of the Yvelines).

Saint-Germain-en-Laye is a sub-prefecture of the department. Because it includes the National Forest of Saint-Germain-en-Laye, it covers approximately 48 km2 (19 sq mi), making it the largest commune in the Yvelines. It occupies a large loop of the Seine. Saint-Germain-en-Laye lies at one of the western termini of Line A of the RER.
Arachnoid granulation
Arachnoid granulations (also arachnoid villi, and Pacchionian granulations or bodies) are small outpouchings of the arachnoid mater and subarachnoid space into the dural venous sinuses of the brain. The granulations are thought to mediate the draining of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from the subarachnoid space into the venous system.

The largest and most numerous granulations lie along the superior sagittal sinus; they are however present along other dural sinuses as well.

Endothelium
The endothelium (pl.: endothelia) is a single layer of squamous endothelial cells that line the interior surface of blood vessels and lymphatic vessels. The endothelium forms an interface between circulating blood or lymph in the lumen and the rest of the vessel wall.

Endothelial cells in direct contact with blood are called vascular endothelial cells whereas those in direct contact with lymph are known as lymphatic endothelial cells. Vascular endothelial cells line the entire circulatory system, from the heart to the smallest capillaries.

These cells have unique functions that include fluid filtration, such as in the glomerulus of the kidney, blood vessel tone, hemostasis, neutrophil recruitment, and hormone trafficking. Endothelium of the interior surfaces of the heart chambers is called endocardium. An impaired function can lead to serious health issues throughout the body.
Chelymorpha alternans
Chelymorpha alternans, the neotropical tortoise beetle, is a species of leaf beetle in the family Chrysomelidae and the Cassidinae subfamily. Its name is derived from its body shape and patterning. The first half of its name, Chelymorpha, means 'turtle/tortoise form' while the second part, alternans, means 'alternating'.

C. alternans is best known for demonstrating color polymorphism on its pronotum and elytra; these polymorphisms can vary from individual to individual. There are five different phenotypes which often leads to misidentification with a close beetle relative, Chelymorpha cribraria.

Chelymorpha
Chelymorpha is a genus of tortoise beetles and hispines in the family Chrysomelidae, found mostly in the Americas, but also with records from southern Europe. There are more than 70 described species in Chelymorpha.
Nii Parkes
Nii Ayikwei Parkes (/ˌniːˈi ˈaɪˈɪkweɪ ˈpɑːrks/; born 1 April 1974), born in the United Kingdom to parents from Ghana, where he was raised, is a performance poet, writer, publisher and sociocultural commentator. He is one of 39 writers aged under 40 from sub-Saharan Africa who in April 2014 were named as part of the Hay Festival's prestigious Africa39 project. He writes for children under the name K.P. Kojo.

Granta
Granta is a literary magazine and publisher in the United Kingdom whose mission centres on its "belief in the power and urgency of the story, both in fiction and non-fiction, and the story's supreme ability to describe, illuminate and make real." In 2007, The Observer stated: "In its blend of memoirs and photojournalism, and in its championing of contemporary realist fiction, Granta has its face pressed firmly against the window, determined to witness the world."

Granta has published twenty-seven laureates of the Nobel Prize in Literature. Literature published by Granta has regularly won such prizes as the Forward Prize, T. S. Eliot Prize, Pushcart Prize and more.
Carolus Wimmer
Carolus Wimmer (born 10 September 1948) is a German-Venezuelan communist politician of the PCV and university professor. He is editor of its journal Debate Abierto (Open Debate), and a former member of the Latin American Parliament.

German Venezuelans
German Venezuelans (German: Deutsch-Venezolaner; Spanish: Germano-venezolanos) are Venezuelan citizens who descend from Germans or German people with Venezuelan citizenship. Most of them live in Caracas, Maracaibo, Valencia, Colonia agrícola de Turén, El Jarillo, and Colonia Tovar where a small-reduced and decreasing minority of people speak the Colonia Tovar dialect, a German-derived dialect from their ancestry, and the Spanish language. In general, the descendants of Austrians, German-Swiss people, and German Italians (Italian citizens of German descent and speak German language) are also counted on this term.
2012 Birthday Honours
The Birthday Honours List 2012 was released on 16 June 2012 in the United Kingdom, on 11 June 2012 in Australia on 4 June 2012 in New Zealand, on 15 June 2012 in Antigua and Barbuda, Barbados, Grenada, Belize, Saint Lucia, Solomon Islands, and The Cook Islands. The Birthday Honours List was released during the height of the Diamond jubilee celebrations, and was therefore styled The Birthday and Diamond Jubilee Honours 2012 in New Zealand, while United Kingdom celebrated the jubilee with a separate list later that year.

The recipients of honours are displayed or referred to as they were styled before their new honour and arranged first by country, honour and where appropriate by rank (Knight Grand Cross, Knight Commander etc.) then division (Military, Civil, Overseas or Police list).

Birthday Honours
The Birthday Honours, in some Commonwealth realms, mark the reigning monarch's official birthday in each realm by granting various individuals appointment into national or dynastic orders or the award of decorations and medals. The honours are presented by the monarch or a viceregal representative. The Birthday Honours are one of two annual honours lists, along with the New Year Honours. All royal honours are published in the relevant gazette.
2018 Uzbekistan Cup final
2018 Uzbekistan Cup final (in Uzbek: Futbol boʻyicha 2018-yilgi Oʻzbekiston Kubogi finali) was the 26th final match of Uzbekistan Cup.

The draw for the final was made on 18 April 2018.

The final match was held on October 28 at the Istiqlol Stadium in Fergana between Olmaliq's AGMK and Tashkent's Pakhtakor. AGMK won the cup for the first time in its history.

2018 Uzbekistan Cup
The 2018 Uzbekistan Cup was the 26th season of the annual Uzbekistan Cup, the knockout football cup competition of Uzbekistan.

A total of 26 teams participate in the tournament. The cup winner is guaranteed a place in the 2019 AFC Champions League.
Eraillure
In lithic analysis (a subdivision of archaeology), an eraillure is a flake removed from a lithic flake's bulb of force, which is a lump left on the ventral surface of a flake after it is detached from a core of tool stone during the process of lithic reduction.  The mechanics of eraillure formation are related to the propagation of a Hertzian cone of force through the cryptocrystalline matrix of the stone, but the particulars are poorly understood. Eraillures usually form only when a hammerstone is used for lithic reduction, and then only occasionally; use of 'soft' hammer fabricators made from bone, antler, and wood produce different flake characteristics but may also produce an eraillure in rare cases.

Hammerstone
In archaeology, a hammerstone is a hard cobble
used to strike off lithic flakes from a lump of tool stone during the process of lithic reduction.  The hammerstone is a rather universal stone tool which appeared early in most regions of the world including Europe, India and North America.  This technology was of major importance to prehistoric cultures before the development of metalworking.
Panaqolus gnomus
Panaqolus gnomus, sometimes known as the dwarf panaque, is a species of catfish in the family Loricariidae. It is a freshwater fish native to South America, where it occurs in the basins of the Pastaza River and the Marañón River. The species reaches 7.1 cm (2.8 inches) SL. It is the type species of the genus Panaqolus, which was historically considered to be a clade of small-sized species within the genus Panaque, hence the common name of this species.

Panaque
The genus Panaque contains a small number of small to medium-sized South American suckermouth armoured catfishes that are notable for being among the very few vertebrates that feed extensively on wood.  In addition, algae and aufwuchs are an important part of the diet, and they use their rasping teeth to scrape this from rocks. These fish are also popular aquarium fish, where the sound of scraping as these fish forage for food is easily audible.
2024 New Hampshire Executive Council election
The 2024 New Hampshire Executive Council elections took place on November 5, 2024, to elect all five members of the Executive Council of New Hampshire. Party primaries were held on September 10. Republicans have held a majority on the executive council since 2021.

New Hampshire Senate
The New Hampshire State Senate is the upper house of the New Hampshire General Court, alongside the New Hampshire House of Representatives. The Senate has been meeting since 1784. The senate consists of 24 members representing Senate districts based on population. There are 16 Republicans and 8 Democrats currently serving in the senate.
Habronattus clypeatus
Habronattus clypeatus is a species of jumping spider which occurs in the United States and Mexico. Its range extends from the southern Rocky Mountains to the northern Sierra Madre Occidental and Sonoran Desert. It belongs to the viridipes species group within the genus Habronattus.

Habronattus
Habronattus is a genus in the family Salticidae (jumping spiders). Most species are native to North America. They are commonly referred to as paradise spiders due to their colorful courtship ornaments and complex dances, similar to birds-of-paradise. Males display intricate coloration, while females are cryptic.
Derry O'Sullivan
Derry O'Sullivan (1944 – August 2025) was an Irish poet living in Paris, France.

His poetry collections in the Irish language are: "Cá bhfuil do Iudás?" (Dublin, Coiscéim, 1987) - winner of four Oireachtas Literary prizes and the Seán Ó Ríordáin Memorial Prize; "Cá bhfuil Tiarna Talún l'Univers?" (Dublin, Coiscéim, 1994); "An Lá go dTáinig Siad" (Dublin, Coiscéim, 2005), a long poem about the Nazi occupation of Paris, and "An bhfuil cead agam dul amach, más é do thoil é?"  (Dublin, Coiscéim, 2009). He has participated in literary festivals in Ireland, France, the US and Canada and his work has been published in numerous literary reviews and anthologies.

Seán Ó Ríordáin
Seán Pádraig Ó Ríordáin (3 December 1916 – 21 February 1977), sometimes referred to as an Ríordánach, was an Irish language poet and later a newspaper columnist. He is credited with introducing European themes to Irish poetry, and is widely regarded as one of the best Irish language poets of the 20th century.
Permanent (mathematics)
In linear algebra, the permanent of a square matrix is a function of the matrix similar to the determinant. The permanent, as well as the determinant, is a polynomial in the entries of the matrix. Both are special cases of a more general function of a matrix called the immanant.

Linear algebra
Linear algebra is the branch of mathematics concerning linear equations such as

linear maps such as

and their representations in vector spaces and through matrices.

Linear algebra is central to almost all areas of mathematics. For instance, linear algebra is fundamental in modern presentations of geometry, including for defining basic objects such as lines, planes and rotations. Also, functional analysis, a branch of mathematical analysis, may be viewed as the application of linear algebra to function spaces.

Linear algebra is also used in most sciences and fields of engineering because it allows modeling many natural phenomena, and computing efficiently with such models. For nonlinear systems, which cannot be modeled with linear algebra, it is often used for dealing with first-order approximations, using the fact that the differential of a multivariate function at a point is the linear map that best approximates the function near that point.
Ikarus Imagine
The Ikarus Imagine is a German high-wing, single-place, hang glider, designed by Thomas Pellicci and produced by his company Ikarus Drachen Thomas Pellicci.

Production has been completed and the glider is no longer available.

Ikarus Drachen Tomas Pellicci
Ikarus Drachen Tomas Pellicci (English: Thomas Pellicci) is a German aircraft manufacturer based in Stephanskirchen, founded by Tomas Pellicci. The company specializes in the design and construction of beginner hang gliders for schools and flight training use.
D. Roopa
Roopa Divakar Moudgil is an Indian Police Service officer belonging to the cadre of Karnataka. She is from the 2000 officers' batch of the Indian Police Service and is the Inspector General of Police of the Karnataka State Police.

Roopa has also been posted as Additional Commandant General, Home Guards and ex-officio Additional Director, Civil Defense, commissioner for traffic and road safety, and Deputy Inspector General of Prisons in Karnataka.

Roopa faces a criminal defamation case relating to accusations she made about a fellow officer. The dispute led to the Prime Minister’s office reprimanding Chief Minister Basavaraj Bommai for his handling of the affair.

Roopa has worked with Israel to promote ties between the two countries.

Karnataka State Police
The Karnataka State Police is the law enforcement agency for the Indian state of Karnataka. It was established in 1965 and is headquartered in Bengaluru, the capital city of Karnataka. The KSP is a state police force that works under the purview of the Department of Home Affairs, Government of Karnataka. The department is headed by the Director General and Inspector General of Police.
2010 Tanzania music awards
The 11th edition of the Tanzania Music Awards took place at the Diamond Jubilee Hall in Dar es Salaam, on Friday 14 May 2010. The event was anchored by Jokate Mwegelo. Bongo Flava singer Diamond Platnumz was the big winner of the night with three awards out of four nominations, which is a remarkable result for a newcomer.

Bongo Flava
Bongo Flava is a nickname for Tanzanian music. The genre was developed in the 1990s, mainly as a derivative of American hip hop and traditional Tanzanian styles such as taarab and dansi. Lyrics are usually in Swahili or English.
Wissadula
Wissadula is a genus of flowering plants in the mallow family, Malvaceae. It contains 
38 species of herbs and subshrubs that are mostly native to the Neotropics, with several in tropical Asia and Africa.  The name is derived from the Sinhala language.

Malva
Malva is a genus of herbaceous or woody, annual, biennial, and perennial plants in the family Malvaceae.  It is one of several closely related genera in the family to bear the common English name mallow. The genus is widespread throughout the temperate, subtropical and tropical regions of Africa, Asia and Europe.

The leaves are alternate, palmately lobed. The flowers are from 0.5–5 cm diameter, with five pink, lilac, purple or white petals.
1932 in chess
Events in chess in 1932:

Canadian Chess Federation (later renamed Chess Federation of Canada) replaces the Canadian Chess Association, and for the first time all major cities in Canada are represented.

Buchholz system for tie-breaking in tournaments is developed by Bruno Bucholz.

Chess Federation of Canada
The Chess Federation of Canada or CFC (French name: Fédération canadienne des échecs) is Canada's national chess organization. The Canadian Chess Association, founded in 1872, was replaced in 1932 by the Canadian Chess Federation (CCF), which for the first time included representation from all major cities in Canada. In 1945, the name was changed to avoid confusion with the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation. The CFC organizes tournaments and publishes national ratings. The highest rated player in Canada by peak rating is GM Shawn Rodrigue-Lemieux of Quebec.
Phil Braidwood
Robert Philip Braidwood  (born 11 July 1949) is a Manx politician, who was formerly a Member of the Legislative Council; he was previously an MHK for Douglas East after winning the Douglas East by-election in 1995 and he continued to top the poll in every General Election since then until his elevation to the Legislative Council in 2010, which sparked a by-election won by Chris Robertshaw.

He has had a long political career and has held numerous government positions, notably Minister of Transport (2005–06) and Minister of Home Affairs (2001–05).

Douglas East
Douglas East is a House of Keys constituency in Douglas, Isle of Man.  It elects 2 MHKs.

Since the 2021 local elections the constituency's area has been adopted for Douglas East (ward) which replaced most of Victoria and Derby wards. The ward elects 3 councilors to Douglas Borough Council.
Célia Šašić
Célia Šašić (née Okoyino da Mbabi; German pronunciation: [ˈtseːlja ˈʃaːʃɪtʃ]; born 27 June 1988) is a German former footballer who played as a striker for SC 07 Bad Neuenahr, 1. FFC Frankfurt and the Germany national team before retiring in 2015.

UEFA Women's Championship
The UEFA European Women's Championship, also called the UEFA Women's Euro, is the main competition in women's association football between national teams of the UEFA confederation. It is held every four years, one year after the men's. It was first held in 1984. The reigning champions are England, who won the tournament in 2022 and 2025. The most successful nation in the history of the tournament is Germany, with eight titles.
Ka La Qin Palace
41°50′16″N 118°30′04″E﻿ / ﻿41.837785°N 118.501048°E﻿ / 41.837785; 118.501048

Ka La Qin Palace or Harqin/Kharchin Palace (Chinese: 喀喇沁王府) is a Qing dynasty mansion in Wangyefu village, Harqin Banner, south eastern  Inner Mongolia, China. It lies 67 kilometres south of Chifeng and 150 kilometres north east of Chengde, location of the Imperial Mountain Resort. Currently, it houses the Wangfu museum related to the Qing times.

Chengde Mountain Resort
Chengde Mountain Resort (Chinese: 承德避暑山庄; Manchu:  Halhūn be jailara gurung) is a large complex of imperial palaces and gardens situated in the Shuangqiao District of Chengde in northeastern Hebei province, northern China, about 225 kilometres (140 mi) northeast of China's capital Beijing. This resort was frequently used as a summer vacation place before the Kuomintang Republic of China. Because of its vast and rich collection of Chinese landscapes and architecture, Chengde Mountain Resort in many ways is a culmination of all the variety of gardens, pagodas, temples and palaces from various regions of China. In 1994, The Mountain Resort was awarded World Heritage Site status.

Chengde is one of China's four famous gardens, national relic protection unit and Class 5A Tourist Attractions in China.
Alexander Island
Alexander Island, also known as Alexander I Island, Alexander I Land, Alexander Land, Alexander I Archipelago, and Zemlja Alexandra I, is the largest island of Antarctica. It lies in the Bellingshausen Sea west of Palmer Land, Antarctic Peninsula from which it is separated by Marguerite Bay and George VI Sound. The George VI Ice Shelf entirely fills George VI Sound and connects Alexander Island to Palmer Land. The island partly surrounds Wilkins Sound, which lies to its west. Alexander Island is about 390 kilometres (240 mi) long in a north–south direction, 80 kilometres (50 mi) wide in the north, and 240 kilometres (150 mi) wide in the south. Alexander Island is the second-largest uninhabited island in the world, after Devon Island.

Palmer Land
Palmer Land (71°30′S 065°00′W﻿ / ﻿71.500°S 65.000°W﻿ / -71.500; -65.000) is the portion of the Antarctic Peninsula, Antarctica that lies south of a line joining Cape Jeremy and Cape Agassiz. This application of Palmer Land is consistent with the 1964 agreement between the Advisory Committee on Antarctic Names and the UK Antarctic Place-Names Committee, in which the name Antarctic Peninsula was approved for the major peninsula of Antarctica, and the names Graham Land and Palmer Land for the northern and southern portions, respectively.  The line dividing them is roughly 69° S.
1950 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1950 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 7 to elect the next governor of Idaho, alongside elections to the United States Senate, elections to the U.S. House, and other state and local elections.

Idaho changed the term for governor from two to four years starting with the 1946 election, and the incumbent was not allowed to run for a second term (self-succession) until 1958. Republican nominee Leonard B. Jordan defeated Democratic nominee Calvin E. Wright with 52.56% of the vote.

Governor C. A. Robins ran for the U.S. Senate, but lost in the August primary to Herman Welker.

1946 Idaho gubernatorial election
The 1946 Idaho gubernatorial election was held on November 5. Republican nominee C. A. Robins defeated Democratic incumbent Arnold Williams with 56.37% of the vote.

Idaho changed the term for governor from two to four years starting with this election, and the winner was not allowed to run for a second term (self-succession) until 1958. Williams had become governor in November 1945, following the resignation of Charles Gossett, whom Williams immediately appointed to the U.S. Senate.