hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fonuafoʻou
Fonuafo‘ou ("New land" in Tongan), formerly known as Falcon Island, is a submarine volcano in the western part of the Ha'apai group in Tonga. The volcano has created an island several times throughout history.

It was first spotted by the crew of the British ship HMS Falcon in 1867, while it was still a coral reef. On 11 October 1885, the volcano erupted and spouted tons of molten lava. Three days later, on 14 October 1885, the eruption created an island, which was named Falcon island by the British.

Several eruptions occurred in 1894, 1921, 1927, 1928, 1933 and 1936, consolidating the island and expanding its surface (6 km in diameter, 145 metres (476 ft) in height in 1949).

In 1949, another eruption caused the explosion and the collapse of the island, which disappeared underwater. New eruptions were recorded in 1970 and 1993. The volcano of Fonuafo'ou is currently −17 metres (−56 ft) underwater.

Submarine volcano
Water vapor cloud

Water

Stratum

Lava flow

Magma conduit

Magma chamber

Dike

Pillow lava

Submarine volcanoes are underwater vents or fissures in the Earth's surface from which magma can erupt. Many submarine volcanoes are located near areas of tectonic plate formation, known as mid-ocean ridges. The volcanoes at mid-ocean ridges alone are estimated to account for 75% of the magma output on Earth. Although most submarine volcanoes are located in the depths of seas and oceans, some also exist in shallow water, and these can discharge material into the atmosphere during an eruption. The total number of submarine volcanoes is estimated to be over one million (most are now extinct) of which some 75,000 rise more than 1 kilometre (0.62 miles) above the seabed. Only 119 submarine volcanoes in Earth's oceans and seas are known to have erupted during the last 11,700 years.

Hydrothermal vents, sites of abundant biological activity, are commonly found near submarine volcanoes.
Ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union
Before the perestroika reforms of Mikhail Gorbachev that promoted a more liberal form of socialism, the formal ideology of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union (CPSU) was Marxism–Leninism, a form of socialism consisting of a centralised command economy with a vanguardist one-party state that aimed to realize the dictatorship of the proletariat. The Soviet Union's ideological commitment to achieving communism included the national communist development of socialism in one country and peaceful coexistence with capitalist countries while engaging in anti-imperialism to defend the international proletariat, combat the predominant prevailing global system of capitalism and promote the goals of Bolshevism. The state ideology of the Soviet Union – and thus Marxism–Leninism – derived and developed from the theories, policies, and political praxis of Karl Marx, Friedrich Engels, Vladimir Lenin, and Joseph Stalin.

World revolution
World revolution is the Marxist concept of overthrowing capitalism in all countries through the conscious revolutionary action of the organized working class. For theorists, these revolutions will not necessarily occur simultaneously, but where and when local conditions allow a revolutionary party to successfully replace bourgeois ownership and rule, and install a workers' state based on social ownership of the means of production. In many Marxist schools, such as Trotskyism and communist left, the essentially international character of the class struggle and the necessity of global scope are critical elements and a chief explanation of the failure of socialism in one country.

The end goal of such internationally oriented revolutionary socialism is to achieve world socialism, and later, a communist society.
1992 Asian Wushu Championships
The 1992 Asian Wushu Championships was the 3rd edition of the Asian Wushu Championships. It was held from June 7 to 12, 1992 in Seoul, South Korea. Sanda was held as an exhibition event for the first time at the Asian Wushu Championships.

Asian Wushu Championships
The Asian Wushu Championships is a continental wushu championship hosted by the Wushu Federation of Asia (WFA), the official continental representative to the International Wushu Federation. The competition is open to the 37 member nations of the WFA and their respective national teams. Unlike other continental wushu competitions which are held every two years, the Asian Wushu Championships is held every four years to make way for wushu at the Asian Games.

The WFA also hosts the Asian Junior Wushu Championships, Asian Kungfu Championships, and the Asian Sanda Cup.
Mete
Mete is a common masculine Turkish given name. In Turkish, "Mete" means "brave", "galahad", "hero", "valiant", and/or "gallant".

Mete is a deformed version of "Mo - du" which is the regional name of Modu Chanyu who was the founder of Xiongnu Empire. Appropriate Turkish reading of "Mo - du" is "Baghatur". Baghatur is also used as a masculine given name by Turkish people as Bahadır, Batur, and as in other cognate forms.

Bahadır
Bahadır  is a common masculine Turkish given name. In Turkish, "Bahadır" means "brave", "galahad", "hero", "valiant", and/or "gallant".
This name is written with a dotless ı. It appears as BAHADIR in uppercase and bahadır in lowercase.
Anna Abreu
Anna Eira Margarida Heiskari (née Mourão de Melo e Abreu; born 7 February 1990), known professionally as simply ABREU since 2017, is a Finnish singer and songwriter. Abreu first rose to fame in Finland after placing as the runner-up in the third series of the Finnish singing talent show Idols in 2007. Her music has been described as pop with influences from genres such as R&B, dance, and Latin. Since her participation in Idols, Abreu has become one of the best-selling former Idols contestants in Finland, and one of the most successful Finnish female singers. She has certified record sales surpassing 190,000 copies, which places her also among the 100 best-selling music artists of all time in Finland.

Sony BMG
Sony BMG Music Entertainment was an American record company owned as a 50–50 joint venture between Sony Corporation of America and Bertelsmann. The venture's successor, the revived Sony Music, is wholly owned by Sony, following their buyout of the remaining 50% held by Bertelsmann. BMG was instead rebuilt as BMG Rights Management on the basis of the remaining 200 artists.
Rudy Koopmans
Rudy Koopmans (also Rudi, born 30 January 1948) is a Dutch retired professional boxer who was active between 1972 and 1984. On 7 March 1979, he won the European light heavyweight title (EBU) against Aldo Traversaro in the seventh round. Over the following five years, he defended this title ten times, until losing it to Richard Caramanolis in February 1984. In 1980, he fought for the WBA title but lost to Eddie Mustafa Muhammad.

After retiring from boxing, Koopmans became a bodyguard and business partner of the underground businessman Bertus Lüske.

Eddie Mustafa Muhammad
Eddie Mustafa Muhammad (born Edward Dean Gregory; April 30, 1952) is an American former professional boxer who held the WBA (WBA) light heavyweight title. He has since worked as a boxing trainer, and as an occasional actor.
Ripalimosani
Ripalimosani is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 6 kilometres (4 mi) north of Campobasso.

Ripalimosani borders the following municipalities: Campobasso, Castropignano, Limosano, Matrice, Montagano, Oratino.

Castropignano
Castropignano is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Campobasso in the Italian region Molise, located about 10 kilometres (6 mi) northwest of Campobasso.

It is home to a medieval castle, the Castello d'Evoli, built in the mid-fourteenth century, perhaps over the remains of a Samnite fortress.
Henry Cary (judge)
Henry Cary (12 February 1804 – 30 June 1870)  was a barrister, classical scholar, Anglican clergyman, and early District Court Judge in the Colony of New South Wales.

Cary was born in Kingsbury, Warwickshire, where his father was vicar.  His parents were Henry Francis Cary, translator of Dante's Divine Comedy, and Jane Ormsby.  She was the daughter of James Wilmot Ormsby of Foxford, co. Mayo, and Sandymount, Dublin, and his wife Jane DeGualy.  Jane's eldest brother was Sir Charles Montague Ormsby, Baronet.

District Court of New South Wales
The District Court of New South Wales is the intermediate court in the judicial hierarchy of the Australian state of New South Wales. It is a trial court and has an appellate jurisdiction. In addition, the Judges of the Court preside over a range of tribunals. In its criminal jurisdiction, the Court may deal with all serious criminal offences except murder, treason and piracy. The Court's civil jurisdiction is generally limited to claims less than A$1,250,000.

The District Court has had its current structure since reforms during 1973 which created a single court with a statewide criminal and civil jurisdiction. The Chief Judge of the District Court, since 2014, is the Honourable Justice Sarah Huggett.
Hrastje pri Grosupljem
Hrastje pri Grosupljem (pronounced [ˈxɾaːstjɛ pɾi ɡɾɔˈsuːpljɛm]) is a settlement between Grosuplje and Šmarje-Sap in central Slovenia. The Slovenian A2 motorway runs across the settlement's territory. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The Municipality of Grosuplje is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Šmarje–Sap
Šmarje–Sap (pronounced [ˈʃmaːɾjɛ ˈsaːp]; Slovene: Šmarje - Sap) is a settlement in the Municipality of Grosuplje in central Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
Upperlands
Upperlands (from Irish Áth an Phoirt Leathain, meaning 'ford of the broad (river) bank') is a small village in County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. It is situated 3 miles north east of Maghera. It lies within the civil parish of Maghera, the historic barony of Loughinsholin, and is situated within Mid-Ulster District. In the 2011 Census it had a population of 561 people.

Mid Ulster (district)
Mid Ulster is a local government district in Northern Ireland. The district was created on 1 April 2015 by merging Magherafelt District, Cookstown District, and the Borough of Dungannon and South Tyrone. The local authority is Mid Ulster District Council.
Borler
Borler is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Kelberg, whose seat is in the like-named municipality.

Kelberg
Kelberg is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Vulkaneifel district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the like-named Verbandsgemeinde, and is home to its seat. Kelberg is a state-recognized climatic spa.
Dion O'Neale
Dion O'Neale is a New Zealand applied mathematician who specialises in the area of complex systems and network science. His work involves the analysis of empirical data to inform computer simulations to predict how interacting parts and structures of networks can affect the dynamics and properties of systems. During COVID-19, O'Neale created mathematical models to build understanding of how the network of interactions of the virus was spread, and during this period, was a frequent commentator in the New Zealand media about the country's response to the pandemic. He is a senior lecturer in physics at Auckland University, principal investigator at Te Pūnaha Matatini and Project Lead of COVID-19 Modelling Aotearoa.

Michael Baker (epidemiologist)
Michael George Baker MNZM is a New Zealand epidemiologist. He is a professor of public health at the University of Otago. Baker has worked as an advisor and member of multiple organisations. Notably, Baker was formerly a member of the New Zealand Food Safety Authority's Academy and of the New Zealand Ministry of Health's Pandemic Influenza Technical Advisory Group (PITAG).He was later a member of the Ministry of Health's Covid-19 Response Technical Advisory Group (TAG) and Pandemic Science Advisory Group.
Valdepeñas
Valdepeñas is a municipality in the province of Ciudad Real, in the autonomous community of Castile-La Mancha, Spain. It is also the seat of the judicial district that covers the localities of Moral de Calatrava, Santa Cruz de Mudela, Viso del Marqués, Torrenueva, Castellar de Santiago and Almuradiel.

Developed in the 13th century under the auspices of the Order of Calatrava, its emergence is connected to the depopulation of the nearby settlements of Santa María, Aberturas, and Corral Rubio. It possesses a traditional wine industry. It lies on the road (A-4) and rail (Alcázar de San Juan–Cádiz railway) route traditionally connecting the Meseta Central with Andalusia through the Despeñaperros Pass.

Viso del Marqués
Viso del Marqués is a municipality located in the province of Ciudad Real, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2014 census, The municipality has a population of 2,578 inhabitants.

It is the site of the Palace of the Marquis of Santa Cruz, built in the late sixteenth century by Álvaro de Bazán, 1st Marquess of Santa Cruz. Álvaro de Bazan was a senior  admiral in the Spanish Navy, and created the concept of the Spanish Armada – but died before it was deployed to attack England. The Marquis's palace has been repurposed as the modern headquarters of the National Archive of the Spanish Navy.
Ittihad Tanger (basketball)
IR TANGER, commonly known as Ittihad Tanger or Ittihad Riadhi de Tanger, is a Moroccan basketball club based in Tanger. Established in 1983, it is part of the multi-sports club which also has a football section. The team plays in the first-tier league Division Excellence and has won three championships, its last one being in 2009. Home games of Ittihad are played at the Salle Badr.

IR Tangier
Ittihad Riadi Tanger (Arabic: الاتحاد الرياضي لطنجة; lit. 'Sports Union of Tangier'), often shortened to IR Tanger or the abbreviation IRT, is a Moroccan football club based in Tangier. It competes in the Botola Pro, Morocco's top professional football league.

Following the independence of Morocco in 1956, the club was officially founded in 1957 under the name Unión Deportiva de Tánger (UDT). In 1983, several local football clubs were merged into UDT, resulting in the formation of Ittihad Riadi Tanger.

IR Tanger's home games are hosted at Ibn Batouta Stadium. In the past, Stade de Marchan was their home stadium until its demolition.

IR Tanger has a large fan base in northern Morocco, particularly in the Tanger-Tetouan-Al Hoceima region.
Annunciation in Christian art
The Annunciation has been one of the most frequent subjects of Christian art. Depictions of the Annunciation go back to early Christianity, with the Priscilla catacomb in Rome including the oldest known fresco of the Annunciation, dating to the 4th century.

Scenes depicting the Annunciation represent the perpetual virginity of Mary via the announcement by the angel Gabriel that Mary would conceive a child to be born the son of God.

The scene is an invariable one in cycles of the Life of the Virgin, and often included as the initial scene in those of the Life of Christ. Frescos depicting this scene have appeared in Roman Catholic Marian churches for centuries, and it has been a topic addressed by many artists in multiple media, ranging from stained glass to mosaic, to relief, to sculpture to oil painting.

Catholic Marian church buildings
Catholic Marian churches are religious buildings dedicated to the veneration of the Blessed Virgin Mary. These churches were built throughout the history of the Catholic Church, and today they can be found on every continent including Antarctica. The history of Marian church architecture tells the unfolding story of the development of Catholic Mariology.

The construction and dedication of Marian churches is often indicative of the Mariological trends within a period, such as a papal reign. For instance, the 1955 rededication by Pope Pius XII of the church of Saint James the Great in Montreal, with the new title Mary, Queen of the World, Cathedral, was a reflection of his being called "the most Marian pope".  A year earlier, Pius had proclaimed that title for the Virgin Mary in his 1954 encyclical Ad Caeli Reginam. This encyclical on the Queen of Heaven is an example of how the interplay between churches and Marian art reinforces the effect of Marian devotions.
One Music
One Music (Thai: วัน มิวสิก) it is a record label of The One Enterprise Public Company Limited, a subsidiary of GMM Grammy Public Company Limited. Currently, it produces soundtracks for television dramas on One 31 and produces music for artists under One 31. GMM Music Public Company Limited is the music distributor and the record label executive is Kang - Korn Sirisorn, winner of The Star 10.

GMM Music
GMM Music is a music company in Thailand, operating as a subsidiary of GMM Grammy. Established to oversee GMM Grammy's music business, GMM Music manages various record labels, artist management services, and music distribution channels.
Black Shumen
The Black Shumen is a Bulgarian breed of chicken. It originates in Shumen Province. In the mid-twentieth century it was cross-bred with Minorca chickens and later, briefly, with Rhode Island Red birds.

It is considered a rare breed. In 2013 the population was reported as 350. It is kept by the Bulgarian Poultry Institute in Stara Zagora and by a few members of the Bulgarian Poultry Breeders Association.

Rhode Island Red
The Rhode Island Red is an American breed of domestic chicken. It is the state bird of Rhode Island.: 70  It was developed there and in Massachusetts in the late nineteenth century, by cross-breeding birds of Oriental origin such as the Malay with brown Leghorn birds from Italy. It was a dual-purpose breed, raised both for meat and for eggs; modern strains have been bred for their egg-laying abilities. The traditional non-industrial strains of the Rhode Island Red are listed as "watch" (medium conservation priority, between "recovering" and "threatened") by The Livestock Conservancy. It is a separate breed to the Rhode Island White.: 70
199 Lives: The Travis Pastrana Story
199 Lives: The Travis Pastrana Story is a 2008 documentary film about the life of off-road racing legend Travis Pastrana by ESPN films.

In fall of 2009, 199 Lives was released on DVD and made available for download via Microsoft's Xbox Live Video Marketplace.

Off-road racing
Off-road racing is a form of motorsports consisting of specially-modified vehicles including cars, SUVs, trucks, motorbikes, quadbikes and buggies racing in off-road environments (e.g. snow, dirt, mud, etc.).
Patrick Pruaitch
Patrick Pruaitch, CMG (/ˈpruːaɪtʃ/; born 29 June 1964) is a Papua New Guinea politician who represented the Aitape-Lumi constituency in the West Sepik Province of Papua New Guinea in the National Parliament of Papua New Guinea from 2002 to 2022. He was a Cabinet Minister with few interruptions from 2002–2010 and from 2012–2017. From November 2019–November 2020, he was Minister for Foreign Affairs. From 2017–2019 and 2020-2022 he was Leader of the Opposition. He was twice – in 2019 and 2020 – alternate PM in unsuccessful attempts to unseat the government.

Leader of the Opposition (Papua New Guinea)
Leader of the Opposition is a constitutionally sanctioned office in Papua New Guinea. It originates from Westminster role for a leader of the opposition.

The Papuan constitution defines the role "for a member of the Parliament of Papua New Guinea as being the principal speaker on behalf of those members of the Parliament who are not generally committed to support the government".

It is claimed that Michael Somare became the first official leader of the opposition in 1968.
2021 Europe's Strongest Man
The 2021 Europe's Strongest Man was a strongman competition that took place in Leeds, England on 4 September 2021 at the First Direct Arena. This event was part of the 2021 Giants live tour.

Defending champion Luke Richardson did not take part in the competition as he was recovering from an injury with Luke Stoltman winning the competition.

Europe's Strongest Man
Europe's Strongest Man is an annual strength athletics competition which began in 1980. The event is held in various locations throughout Europe, and features exclusively European strongman competitors. Mariusz Pudzianowski holds the record for most wins with six titles. Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson holds five titles, while Geoff Capes, Riku Kiri and Žydrūnas Savickas share three titles each.

As of 2010, the Europe's Strongest Man contest has become a part of the Giants Live season of annual grand prix events. The contest serves as a qualifying event for the World's Strongest Man contest, with the top 3 placings qualifying for that year's WSM contest.
Berolina pawn
The Berolina pawn (also known as Berlin pawn, anti-pawn, or simply Berolina) is a popular fairy chess piece based on the pawn. It may move one vacant square diagonally forward, it may move two vacant squares forward along a diagonal on its first move, and it may capture one square vertically forward. It was invented by Edmund Nebermann in 1926, who named it after the city of Berlin in which he worked. The Berolina pawn is featured in several chess variants, including Berolina chess, and these variants have been played in tournaments. Additionally, the Berolina pawn has found frequent use in chess problems.

In this article, the Berolina pawn is represented by an inverted pawn.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Bathelium mirabile
Bathelium mirabile is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) lichen in the family Trypetheliaceae. Found in Bolivia, it was formally described as a new species in 2016 by lichenologists Adam Flakus, Martin Kukwa, and André Aptroot. The type specimen was collected near the biological station in the Beni Biological Station Biosphere Reserve (Yacuma Province, Beni Department) at an altitude of 175 m (574 ft); there, it was found growing on bark in an island of Amazon forest surrounded by Beni savanna. It is only known to occur in this and similar habitats in Bolivia. The species epithet mirabile makes reference to the "unusual combination of pigments in the pseudostromata".

Trypetheliaceae
The Trypetheliaceae are a family of mainly lichen-forming fungi in the order Trypetheliales. The family consists almost exclusively of corticolous (bark-dwelling), crustose lichens with an almost strictly tropical distribution.
2022 Women's International Champions Cup
The 2022 Women's International Champions Cup was a friendly tournament of women's association football matches. It was the fourth edition of the Women's International Champions Cup and took place in Portland, Oregon, United States, from August 17 to 20, 2022. Portland Thorns FC was the defending champion.

Lyon emerged the winners, defeating Monterrey 4–0 in the final, while Chelsea won the third-place match.

Women's International Champions Cup
The Women's International Champions Cup (WICC) is an annual club women's soccer invitational tournament in the United States. Launched by Relevent Sports Group in 2018, it features four women's soccer teams from America and Europe competing for the championship. As FIFA currently only organizes a men's club world championship—the FIFA Club World Cup—the competition aims to be the annual decider for the best women's club soccer team in the world.