hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Aspleniaceae
The Aspleniaceae (spleenworts) are a family of ferns, included in the order Polypodiales. The composition and classification of the family have been subject to considerable changes. In particular, there is a narrow circumscription, Aspleniaceae s.s. (adopted here), in which the family contains only two genera, and a very broad one, Aspleniaceae s.l., in which the family includes 10 other families kept separate in the narrow circumscription, with the Aspleniaceae s.s. being reduced to the subfamily Asplenioideae. The family has a worldwide distribution, with many species in both temperate and tropical areas. Elongated unpaired sori are an important characteristic of most members of the family.

Sensu
Sensu is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage.
Joseph Luker
Joseph Luker (c. 1765 – 26 August 1803) (also spelt Lucar and Looker) was a British convict transported to the Colony of New South Wales on the 12-gun sailing ship Atlantic as part of the Third Fleet. After the completion of his sentence he joined the fledgling police force of the colony. On the evening of 25/26 August 1803, while investigating a robbery he was beaten to death, becoming the first police officer killed in the line of duty in Australia. Even though some of his colleagues were implicated in his death no one was ever convicted of his murder.

Atlantic (1783 ship)
Atlantic was launched in 1783. She made one voyage from England to Australia in 1791 carrying convicts. Later, she made one voyage for the East India Company (EIC). Subsequently she sailed to Smyrna, Surinam, and Gibraltar, before she disappeared from records in 1810.
Yutian County, Hebei
Yutian County (simplified Chinese: 玉田县; traditional Chinese: 玉田縣; pinyin: Yùtián Xiàn; lit. 'Jade Field County') is a county in the northeast of Hebei province, China, and is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Tangshan, bordering Tianjin to the north and west. It is located approximately 55 kilometres (34 mi) northwest of Tangshan and 110 km (68 mi) east of Beijing, lying on China National Highway 102. It has an area of 1,169 km2 (451 sq mi), and as of 2012, a population of approximately 680,000.

China National Highway 102
China National Highway 102 is a major trunk route connecting Beijing to Fuyuan, Heilongjiang. In Beijing it is known as Jingfu Road (京抚路), after the two cities' names, for connecting Beijing to Fuyuan.

It leaves Beijing as the Jingtong Expressway and Tongzhou–Yanjiao Expressway into Hebei Province (they are rare occurrences that sections of National Highways are built to National Expressway standards). It then runs alongside the Beijing–Shenyang Expressway along the coast until Shenyang, Liaoning, and then along the Shenyang–Harbin Expressway until Harbin.

China National Highway 102 was 1,297 km (806 mi) in length. It runs through the provinces of Hebei, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang. It connects the major cities of Qinhuangdao, Shenyang, Changchun and Harbin. In 2013, under a new 2013-2030 plan by NDRC and MoT, the G102 was extended to Fuyuan.
Murray Murrell
Francis Murray Murrell (16 April 1923 – 3 June 2016) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Collingwood in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

Murrell played reserves football with Collingwood in 1944, playing in Collingwood Reserves 1944 grand final loss to Fitzroy, prior to making his VFL debut against St Kilda at the Junction Oval in round seven, 1945.

Murrell played for the Bullioh Valley Football Club in the Tallangatta & District Football League in 1947 and 1948, winning the club best and fairest in 1948 and finishing third in the league best and fairest award.

Murrell won the 1949 Upper Murray Football League best and fairest award, whilst playing with Corryong.

Murrell was captain-coach of Corryong in 1950 when they lost the 1950 Upper Murray Football League grand final.

Corryong Football Netball Club
The Corryong Football Netball Club is an Australian rules football and netball club that plays in the Upper Murray Football League. The club fields all senior and junior sides alongside the Corryong Netball Club. Their players are mainly from the Corryong area and also from Albury/Wodonga.
Alex Lindsay (podcaster)
Alex Ben Lindsay (born July 10, 1970) is an American computer graphics and video production specialist.  He is also the founder of the Pixel Corps and dvGarage which were both companies involved with computer graphics, computer animation and video production.

Leo Laporte
Leo Laporte (/ləˈpɔːrt/; born November 29, 1956) is the former host of The Tech Guy weekly radio show and founder of TWiT.tv, an Internet podcast network focusing on technology. He is also a former TechTV technology host (1998–2008) and a technology author.
Susanna Terracini
Susanna Terracini (Italian pronunciation: [suˈzanna terraˈtʃiːni]; born 29 April 1963) is an Italian mathematician known for her research on chaos in Hamiltonian dynamical systems, including the n-body problem, reaction–diffusion systems, and the Schrödinger equation.

N-body problem
In physics, the n-body problem is the problem of predicting the individual motions of a group of celestial objects interacting with each other gravitationally. Solving this problem has been motivated by the desire to understand the motions of the Sun, Moon, planets, and visible stars.

The classical physical problem can be stated as follows:

Each particle in a system of a finite number of particles is subjected to a Newtonian gravitational attraction from all the other particles, and to no other forces. If the initial state of the system is given, how will the particles move?

The two-body problem has been completely solved and is discussed below. For three or more bodies the problem can only be solved completely in particular cases. In general, the problem is chaotic and can only be solved numerically.

The n-body problem in general relativity is considerably more difficult to solve.
Battle of Shklow
The Battle of Szkłów or battle of Shkloŭ or battle of Shklov on August 12, 1654 was one of the first battles of the Russo-Polish War (1654–67); it ended with a indecisive, however,  by other sources. A small Polish–Lithuanian force of about 6,000–7,000 under Great Lithuanian Hetman Janusz Radziwiłł surprised a numerically superior Russian force (of 40,000; some estimates speak of 70,000, but they are likely too high) under knyaz Yakov Cherkassky near Shklow (Polish: Szkłów). The battle took place during a solar eclipse. The Russian forces, due to their surprise, were engaged by the Poles unprepared and in smaller portions, which were defeated in turn. Eventually the Poles forced the entire Russian army to retreat; the losses are estimated at 700 for the Poles and 7,000 for the Russians (although they may be overestimated for both sides).

Hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth
Hetmans of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth (Lithuanian: etmonas) were the highest-ranking military officers, second only to the King, in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. The first Polish title of Grand Crown Hetman was created in 1505. The title of hetman was given to the leader of the Polish Army and until 1581 it was awarded only for a specific campaign or war. Later it became a permanent title, as did all the titles in the Kingdom of Poland and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. It could not be revoked unless treachery had been proven (from 1585). Hetmans were not paid for their services by the Royal Treasury.
Robert W. Hayler
Robert Ward Hayler (June 7, 1891 – November 17, 1980) was a highly decorated officer in the United States Navy with the rank of vice admiral. He was a three time recipient of the Navy Cross, the Navy's second highest military decoration for valor. Two of these awards were received while serving as the commanding officer of the light cruiser USS Honolulu at Guadalcanal and Kula Gulf and the third as a rear admiral and Commander, Cruiser Division Twelve during the Battle of Surigao Strait in October 1944.

Following the Second World War, Hayler remained in the Navy and served as commandant, Sixth Naval District and president, Permanent General Court Martial for the Ninth Naval District until his retirement in July 1953. He was also the namesake of USS Hayler (DD-997).

Military awards and decorations
Military awards and decorations are distinctions given as a mark of honor for military heroism, meritorious or outstanding service or achievement. A decoration is often a medal consisting of a ribbon and a medallion.

Civil decorations awarded to military personnel should not be considered military decorations, although some orders of chivalry have civil and military divisions. Decorations received by police and fire brigade personnel may sometimes be considered alongside military decorations, on which they may be modelled, although they are strictly not military awards.

Military awards and decorations may take the form of medal ribbons or miniature medals, which are mounted together on a bar known as a barrette.
Malik (soundtrack)
Malik is the soundtrack album to the 2021 film of the same name directed by Mahesh Narayanan and produced by Anto Joseph Film Company along with Carnival Movie Network starring Fahadh Faasil. The soundtrack is composed by Sushin Shyam and lyrics written by Anwar Ali and Sameer Binsi. It was released on 16 July 2021, through the production house itself. The music and sound design was acclaimed by critics, and Vishnu Govind won the National Film Award for Best Audiography, whereas K. S. Chithra won the Filmfare Award for Best Female Playback Singer – Malayalam for the song "Theerame".

Vishnu Govind
Vishnu Govind (born 15 January 1986) is an Indian re-recording mixer, sound designer and sound editor. He has worked in over 150 films in Malayalam, Tamil, Hindi and Telugu languages. He won the National Film Award for Best Audiography (Re-recordist of the final mixed track) for the Malayalam film Malik (2020). Govind is also a recipient of the Kerala State Film Award for Best Sound Design along with Sree Sankar, for the films Unda (2018) and Ishq (2019).
2000 (number)
2000 (two thousand) is a natural number following 1999 and preceding 2001.

It is:

the highest number expressible using only two unmodified characters in Roman numerals (MM)
an Achilles number
smallest four digit eban number
the sum of all the nban numbers in the sequence

Power of two
A power of two is a number of the form 2n where n is an integer, that is, the result of exponentiation with number two as the base and integer n as the exponent. In the fast-growing hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to . In the Hardy hierarchy, 2n is exactly equal to .

Powers of two with non-negative exponents are integers: 20 = 1, 21 = 2, and 2n is two multiplied by itself n times. The first ten powers of 2 for non-negative values of n are:

1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, ... (sequence A000079 in the OEIS)

By comparison, powers of two with negative exponents are fractions: for positive integer n, 2−n is one half multiplied by itself n times. Thus the first few negative powers of 2 are ⁠1/2⁠, ⁠1/4⁠, ⁠1/8⁠, ⁠1/16⁠, etc. Sometimes these are called inverse powers of two because each is the multiplicative inverse of a positive power of two.
Swifter Than Death
Swifter Than Death (German: Schneller als der Tod, French: Face à la mort) is a 1925 French-Germany silent action film directed by Gérard Bourgeois and Harry Piel and starring Piel, Dary Holm, Denise Legeay and José Davert. It was shot at the Cité Elgé Studios in Paris and on location in Munich and the Côte d'Azur. The film's sets were designed by the art director Fritz Kraenke .

Harry Piel
Heinrich Piel (12 July 1892 – 27 March 1963), known professionally as Harry Piel, was a prolific German actor, film director, screenwriter, and film producer who was involved in over 150 films.

Piel became a director in 1912, turning out such box-office successes as Mann Gegen Mann (1928), Achtung! - Auto-Diebe! (1930) and Artisten (1935). His last directorial effort was 1953's Gesprengte Gitter (Elephant Fury, a.k.a. Panic), which he also produced, wrote, and starred.
Gimmie Gimmie Gimmie: Reinterpreting Black Flag
Gimmie Gimmie Gimmie: Reinterpreting Black Flag is a tribute album to the then-defunct American hardcore punk band Black Flag featuring ex-band members Dez Cadena, Keith Morris and Kira Roessler. They are joined by fellow SST label mates Joe Baiza (Saccharine Trust) and Mike Watt (Minutemen) as well as The Chapin Sisters and Jimmy Destri of Blondie, produced by Evan Taylor.

Dez Cadena
Dez Paul Cadena (born June 2, 1961) is an American punk rock singer and guitarist. He was the third vocalist and later rhythm guitarist for hardcore punk band Black Flag from 1980 to 1983. Cadena played guitar with Misfits from 2001 to 2015, initially joining the band alongside Doyle, Jerry Only, and Robo for their 25th Anniversary Tour.
House Party (2023 film)
House Party is a 2023 American comedy film directed by Calmatic (in his feature directorial debut) from a screenplay by Jamal Olori and Stephen Glover. It serves as a reboot of the 1990 film of the same name. The film stars Tosin Cole, Jacob Latimore, Karen Obilom, D.C. Young Fly, and Scott Mescudi. Its plot follows two young aspiring club promoters working as house cleaners who throw a party at their latest job site: LeBron James' mansion.

House Party was released in the United States on January 13, 2023, by Warner Bros. Pictures. The film received mixed reviews and grossed over $9 million worldwide.

Tosin Cole
Tosin Cole (/ˈtoʊsɪn/; born 23 July 1992) is a British actor. He is known for various roles in British television series and films. He began his on-screen career starring in The Cut and EastEnders: E20, later securing a regular role as Neil Cooper in the soap opera Hollyoaks and Ryan Sinclair in Doctor Who. In 2024, Cole appeared in Netflix's Supacell in a lead role.
Barium ferrite
Barium ferrite, or Barium hexaferrite, is a chemical compound with the formula BaFe12O19 (BaO : 6 Fe2O3 ), sometimes abbreviated BaFe, BaM. This and related ferrite materials are components in magnetic stripe cards and loudspeaker magnets.

BaFe is described as Ba2+Fe3+12O2−19. The Fe3+ centers are ferrimagnetically coupled, and one unit cell of BaM has a net magnetic moment of 40μB. This area of technology is usually considered to be an application of the related fields of materials science and solid state chemistry.

Barium ferrite is a highly magnetic material, has a high packing density, and is a metal oxide. Studies of this material date at least as far back as 1931, and it has found applications in magnetic card strips, speakers, and magnetic tapes. One area in particular it has found success in is long-term data storage; the material is magnetic, resistant to temperature change, corrosion and oxidization.

Ferrimagnetism
A ferrimagnetic material is a material that has populations of atoms with opposing magnetic moments, as in antiferromagnetism, but these moments are unequal in magnitude, so a spontaneous magnetization remains. This can, for example, occur when the populations consist of different atoms or ions (such as Fe2+ and Fe3+).

Like ferromagnetic substances, ferrimagnetic substances are attracted by magnets and can be magnetized to make permanent magnets.  The oldest known magnetic substance, magnetite (Fe3O4), is ferrimagnetic, but was classified as a ferromagnet before Louis Néel discovered ferrimagnetism in 1948. Since the discovery, numerous uses have been found for ferrimagnetic materials, such as hard-drive platters and biomedical applications.

When the material is amorphous, it is sperimagnetic.
Pinzgauer cattle
The Pinzgauer (German pronunciation: [ˈpɪntsˌɡaʊɐ]) is a breed of domestic cattle from the Pinzgau region of the federal state of Salzburg in Austria. It has distinctive colouring, with chestnut-brown sides and white back and underside. It was in the past a triple-purpose breed, raised for meat, milk and draught use. There is a naturally polled sub-type, the Jochberg Hummel. In 2007 the breed was not considered by the FAO to be at risk.

Polled livestock
Polled livestock are livestock without horns in species which are normally horned. The term refers to both breeds and strains that are naturally polled through selective breeding and also to naturally horned animals that have been disbudded. Natural polling occurs in cattle, yaks, water buffalo, and goats, and in these animals it affects both sexes equally; in sheep, by contrast, both sexes may be horned, both polled, or only the females polled. The history of breeding polled livestock starts about 6000 years BC.
Sodium ferrocyanide
Sodium ferrocyanide is the sodium salt of the coordination compound of formula [Fe(CN)6]4−. In its hydrous form, Na4Fe(CN)6·10H2O (sodium ferrocyanide decahydrate), it is sometimes known as yellow prussiate of soda. It is a yellow crystalline solid that is soluble in water and insoluble in alcohol. The yellow color is the color of ferrocyanide anion. Despite the presence of the cyanide ligands, sodium ferrocyanide has low toxicity (acceptable daily intake 0–0.025 mg/kg  body weight). The ferrocyanides are less toxic than many salts of cyanide, because they tend not to release free cyanide. However, like all ferrocyanide salt solutions, addition of an acid or exposure to UV light can result in the production of hydrogen cyanide gas, which is extremely toxic.

Toxicity
Toxicity is the degree to which a chemical substance or a particular mixture of substances can damage an organism. Toxicity can refer to the effect on a whole organism, such as an animal, bacterium, or plant, as well as the effect on a substructure of the organism, such as a cell (cytotoxicity) or an organ such as the liver (hepatotoxicity). Sometimes the word is more or less synonymous with poisoning in everyday usage.

A central concept of toxicology is that the effects of a toxicant are dose-dependent; even water can lead to water intoxication when taken in too high a dose, whereas for even a very toxic substance such as snake venom there is a dose below which there is no detectable toxic effect. Toxicity is species-specific, making cross-species analysis problematic. Newer paradigms and metrics are evolving to bypass animal testing, while maintaining the concept of toxicity endpoints.
Stanisław Staszic
Stanisław Wawrzyniec Staszic [staˈɲiswaf ˈstaʂit͡s] (baptised 6 November 1755 – 20 January 1826) was a Polish philosopher and writer. A leading figure in the Polish Enlightenment, he was also a Catholic priest, geologist, poet, translator and statesman. A physiocrat, monist, pan-Slavist (after 1815) and laissez-fairist, he supported many reforms in Poland. He is particularly remembered for his political writings during the "Great (Four-Year) Sejm" (1788–92) and for his large support towards the Constitution of 3 May 1791, adopted by that Sejm.

He co-founded the Warsaw Society of Friends of Learning (precursor to the Polish Academy of Sciences), of which he became president. He served as a member of the State Council of the Duchy of Warsaw and as minister of trade and industry in Congress Poland. Staszic is seen as the father of Polish geology, statistics, sociology, Tatra Mountains studies and exploration, mining and industry.

Pan-Slavism
Pan-Slavism is a political ideology that originated in the mid-19th century, emphasizing integrity and unity among the Slavic peoples. Its main impact occurred in the Balkans, where non-Slavic empires had ruled the South Slavs for centuries. These were mainly the Byzantine Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Venice.
Ivan Banjavčić
Ivan Banjavčić (May 29, 1843 - October 7, 1913) was a Croatian politician and philanthropist.

Born in Barilović, Banjavčić became a fervent follower of Ante Starčević of the Croatian Party of Rights and acted as the leader of the party in Karlovac. His law firm, at which the writer Ante Kovačić also worked for a period, contributed to the party's work for over three decade.

From 1877 to 1906 he was Karlovac's representative in the Croatian Parliament (Sabor) as a member of the Party of Rights. Banjavčić was also the first mayor of the enlarged city of Karlovac after municipalities of Banija and Švarča were unified to it. During his time as mayor the city received an electric power plant on the Kupa river near Ozalj. A modern waterworks were created, as well as a sewer system.

Banjavčić died in Heidelberg, Germany in 1913, leaving his entire estate to Matica hrvatska.

Ante Starčević
Ante Starčević (Croatian pronunciation: [ǎːnte stǎːrt͡ʃeʋit͡ɕ] listenⓘ; 23 May 1823 – 28 February 1896) was a Croatian politician and writer. His policies centered around Croatian state law, the integrity of Croatian lands, and the right of his people to self-determination. As an important member of the Croatian parliament and the founder of the Party of Rights he has laid the foundations for Croatian nationalism. He has been referred to as Father of the Nation due to his campaign for the rights of Croats within Austria-Hungary and his propagation of a Croatian state in a time when many politicians sought unification with other South Slavs.
Jeweler (horse)
Jeweler (Japanese: ジュエラー, foaled 17 January 2013) is a Japanese retired Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare best known for her win in the 2016 Oka Sho. She won her only start as a juvenile in 2015 and emerged as a top-class performer in the following spring. After finishing a close second in two Grade 3 events she took the Oka Sho, beating Sinhalite by a nose in a photo-finish. She made only two more appearances, running unplaced in the Rose Stakes and finishing a close fourth in the Shuka Sho.

Shūka Sho
The Shūka Shō (秋華賞)  is a  Grade 1 flat horse race in Japan for three-year-old thoroughbred fillies run over a distance of 2,000 metres (approximately 1 1/4 miles) at the Kyoto Racecourse, Fushimi-ku, Kyoto, Kyoto Prefecture in October.

The Shūka Shō is the final leg of the Japanese Fillies' Triple Crown, preceded by the Oka Sho in early April and the Yushun Himba in May.  In 1996 it was established as Domestic Grade 1 race, and in 2009 it was granted International Grade 1 status.
Thomas Sydeski
Thomas Sydeski (born December 18, 1994) is an American college football coach currently serving as head coach of the Mercyhurst Lakers. He played college football for the Stonehill Skyhawks, Hobart Statesmen and Hartwick Hawks. He has served as a coach for the Old Dominion Monarchs, FIU Panthers, Bryant Bulldogs and West Georgia Wolves.

Hobart Statesmen
The Hobart Statesmen and William Smith Herons are composed of 15 teams representing Hobart and William Smith Colleges in intercollegiate athletics, including men's alpine skiing, basketball, baseball, cross country, football, golf, ice hockey, lacrosse, rowing, sailing, soccer, squash, swimming and diving, tennis, and volleyball. The Statesmen compete in the NCAA Division III and are members of the Liberty League for all sports except men's volleyball (joining the United Volleyball Conference in 2023–24), men's ice hockey (NEHC), and men's lacrosse, which competes in NCAA Division I, as a member of the Atlantic 10 Conference.