hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Penasha
Chief Penasha (also known by Pinisha or and Wayaga Inazin) was an 18th and 19th-century Mdewakanton Dakota Chief.

In 1780, Penasha led a community of about 1900 people at the mouth of Nine Mile Creek, called Titanka Tannina, although it was also known as 'Pinisha's Village'. He was described by William Snelling as a "a harmless, worthless, drunken vagabond". Penasha was a common visitor to Fort Snelling.

He was a signer of the Land Cession Treaty in 1805.

In the 1820s or early 1830s, Penasha had died. He would be succeeded by Takuni Phephe Sni, and then shortly after by Penasha's grandson, Good Road. Titanka Tannina would also sometimes be labeled as 'Good Road' from then on, until it was dismantled in 1851, following the Treaty of Traverse des Sioux. The area is now part of Bloomington, Minnesota.

Tribal chief
A tribal chief, chieftain, or headman is a political leader of a social group commonly described as a tribe, band, or confederation of tribes. Chiefs’ authority varies widely by society and context, and in many cases depends on consensus and customary legitimacy rather than coercive power. In anthropology, terms such as tribe, chief, and chiefdom have been used in comparative models of sociopolitical organization, but the analytic use of tribe has also been widely criticized as imprecise and historically burdened. In some contemporary states, forms of chiefly authority are formally recognized or regulated by constitutions and statutes.
1956 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 1956 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 46th completed staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889.

Rathnure entered the championship as the defending champions.

The final was played on 7 October 1956 at the Bellefield Grounds in Enniscorthy, between St Aidan's Enniscorthy and Cloughbawn. St Aidan's Enniscorthy won the match by 5–08 to 1–08 to claim their sixth championship title overall and a first title in two years.

Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The Wexford Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Pettitt's SuperValu Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Wexford GAA clubs. The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1889.

St Martin's are the title holders after defeating Rathnure by 2-14 to 0–16 in the final.
Rakaw rural council
Rakaw rural council  (Belarusian: Ракаўскі сельсавет; Russian: Раковский сельсовет) is a lower-level subdivision (selsoviet) of Valozhyn district, Minsk region, Belarus. Its administrative center is  Rakaw.

Rakaw
Rakaw or Rakov is an agrotown in Valozhyn District, Minsk Region, Belarus. It stands on the Islach River 40 km (25 mi) from Valozhyn and 39 km (24 mi) from Minsk, the capital of Belarus. In 2001, it had a population of 2,106.
2024 COSAFA U-17 Girls' Championship
The 2024 COSAFA U-17 Girls' Championship (Portuguese: Campeonato Feminino Sub-17 COSAFA Moçambique 2024) is the fifth edition of the COSAFA U-17 Girls' Championship, the international women's youth football championship contested by the under-17 national teams of the member associations of COSAFA. It was initially scheduled to be hosted by Mozambique but has since been moved to South Africa.

South Africa were the defending champions having clinched their first title in the previous edition. however, they failed to defend their title after being eliminated in the group stage following a loss to Madagascar.

2022 COSAFA U-17 Women's Championship
The 2022 COSAFA U-17 Women's Championship was the 4th edition of the COSAFA U-17 Women's Championship an international association football competition for women's under-17 national teams organized by Council of Southern Africa Football Associations (COSAFA). The tournament took place in Lilongwe, Malawi from 1 to 11 December 2022.

Zambia was the defending champion having defeated Botswana four to nil in the final on 6 December 2021.

South Africa won their maiden title after beating Zambia four goals to three. Malawi, the hosts, clinched the bronze medal after crashing Botswana nine goals to nil on third-place match.
2015 FIBA Under-19 World Championship
The 2015 FIBA Under-19 World Championship (Greek: Παγκόσμιο Πρωτάθλημα FIBA Under-19 2015) was the 12th edition of the FIBA U19 World Championship, the biennial international men's youth basketball championship contested by the U19 national teams of the member associations of FIBA. It was hosted by Heraklion, Greece, from 27 June to 5 July 2015.
It was the third time that Greece hosted the tournament since 1995.

As a result of FIBA rules changes, made effective as of 1 October 2014, this tournament marked the first time that the FIBA Under-19 World Championship used instant replay to review controversial plays and where players were allowed to wear any jersey with numbers from "00" to "99".

The United States won their sixth title by defeating Croatia 79–71 in the final.

FIBA Under-19 Basketball World Cup
The FIBA Under-19 Basketball World Cup (formerly FIBA Under-19 World Championship) is the under-19 men's world basketball championship organised by the International Basketball Federation (FIBA). From its inauguration in 1979, until 2007, it was held every four years. Since 2007, it has been held biennially. The current champions are United States in 2025. The next edition will take place in Czech Republic in 2027.
Astata
Astata is a cosmopolitan genus of solitary predatory wasps in the family Astatidae. They are known to prey on adults and nymphs of Pentatomidae. Astata is the largest genus in this subfamily, and is identified by features of its wing venation. The males of this genus and the related genus Dryudella have very large compound eyes that broadly meet at the top of the head.

There are 87 known species and subspecies of Astata worldwide, a few of which are listed here:

Astata affinis Vander Linden, 1829

Astata apostata Mercet, 1910

Astata bicolor Say, 1823

Astata boops (Schrank, 1781)

Astata brevitarsis Puławski, 1958

Astata costae A. Costa, 1867

Astata diversipes Puławski, 1955

Astata gallica de Beaumont, 1942

Astata graeca de Beaumont, 1965

Astata leuthstromi Ashmead 1897

Astata melanaria Cameron, 1905

Astata minor Kohl, 1885

Astata occidentalis Cresson, 1881

Astata quettae Nurse, 1903

Astata rufipes Mocsáry, 1883

Astata unicolor Say, 1824

Astata unicolor
Astata unicolor is a species of wasp in the family Astatidae. It is found in Central America and North America. The species is sexually dimorphic, with males have black abdomens, while females are black and orange. It is a predator of Pentatomidae, including Halyomorpha halys, which is invasive to North America.
WS-MetadataExchange
WS-MetaDataExchange is a web services protocol specification, published by BEA Systems, IBM, Microsoft, and SAP.  WS-MetaDataExchange is part of the
WS-Federation roadmap; and is designed to work in conjunction with WS-Addressing, WSDL and WS-Policy to allow retrieval of metadata
about a Web Services endpoint.

It uses a SOAP message to request metadata, and so goes beyond the basic technique of appending "?wsdl" to a service name's URL

WS-Addressing
Web Services Addressing (WS-Addressing) is a specification of transport-neutral mechanism that allows web services to communicate addressing information. It essentially consists of two parts: a structure for communicating a reference to a Web service endpoint, and a set of message addressing properties which associate addressing information with a particular message.
Emiliano Zapata, Jalisco
Emiliano Zapata is a town located in the Mexican state of Jalisco within the municipality of La Huerta. Situated at Kilometer 40 of Federal Highway 200 (Barra de Navidad–Puerto Vallarta), it is a key community within the Costalegre tourist region on the south coast of Jalisco.

Costalegre
Costalegre ("Coast of Joy" in Spanish) is a series of different beaches, capes and bays of various sizes distributed alongside the Pacific Ocean on the western coastline of the Mexican state of Jalisco, between Puerto Vallarta, Jalisco and Manzanillo, Colima.
TV Finland
TV Finland is a Finnish free-to-air television channel broadcasting in Sweden. It was originally created broadcast in that country as part of a reciprocal agreement between the Finnish and Swedish governments that also established SVT Europa (originally named TV4 in Finland) broadcasts in areas of Finland with Swedish-speaking populations.

TV Finland is operated by Finland's national broadcaster Yle, and its contents are taken from programs regularly broadcast on state channels Yle TV1, Yle TV2 and Swedish language Yle Fem.

Most of its programming consists of locally made productions and national sports events, and does not include commercials (any commercial breaks or gaps between consecutive programs are filled with on-screen stills). It includes the Yle teletext service.

On EPGs, Swedish titles are used to refer to programmes regardless of their original/main language.

Yle TV2
Yle TV2 (Finnish: Yle TV Kaksi; Swedish: Yle TV Två) is a Finnish television channel owned and operated by Yle. TV2 was launched in 1965 as the successor to the former television channels TES-TV (Tesvisio) and Tamvisio and broadcasts public service programming, sports, drama, children's, youth, and music programmes. With Yle TV1, it is one of the three main television channels of Yle.

An HD simulcast of Yle TV2 began broadcasting in January 2014.
2018 European Athletics Championships – Women's 400 metres
The women's 400 metres at the 2018 European Athletics Championships was held over three rounds at the Olympic Stadium in Berlin, Germany, on 8, 9, and 11 August 2018. It was the nineteenth time this event was contested at the European Athletics Championships. Athletes could qualify by achieving the entry standard of 53.40 seconds or by their ranking in selected athletics meetings. Forty-two athletes from twenty-one nations competed in the event.

Thirty-two athletes competed in round 1, where fourteen athletes advanced to the semi-finals. Ten athletes with a bye in the first round joined them there. Eight athletes qualified for the final, which was won by Justyna Święty-Ersetic of Poland in 50.41 seconds, followed by Maria Belimpasaki of Greece in second place in a national record of 50.45 seconds and Lisanne de Witte in third place in a national record of 50.77 seconds.

Athletics abbreviations
The sports under the umbrella of athletics, particularly track and field, use a variety of statistics.  In order to report that information efficiently, numerous abbreviations have grown to be common in the sport. Starting in 1948 by Bert Nelson and Cordner Nelson, Track & Field News became the leader in creating and defining abbreviations in this field. These abbreviations have also been adopted by, among others: World Athletics, the world governing body; various domestic governing bodies; the Association of Track and Field Statisticians; the Association of Road Racing Statisticians; the Associated Press; and individual media outlets who receive their reports. These abbreviations also appear in Wikipedia.
2016 Paris–Tours
The 110th edition of the Paris–Tours cycling classic was held on 9 October 2016. The race was part of the 2016 UCI Europe Tour, ranked as a 1.HC event. Fernando Gaviria became the first Colombian winner of Paris–Tours with a late attack in the final kilometer. Frenchman Arnaud Démare was second, Belgian Jonas Van Genechten third.

Paris–Tours
Paris–Tours is a French one-day classic road cycling race held every October from the outskirts of Paris to the cathedral city of Tours. It is a predominantly flat course through the Chevreuse and Loire valleys; the highest point is 200 m, at Le Gault-du-Perche. Historically, it is known as a "Sprinters' Classic" because it frequently ends in a bunch sprint at the finish, in Tours. Since 2018, the course has featured gravel sectors in vineyards near Tours.

For several decades the race arrived on the 2.7 km long Avenue de Grammont, one of cycling's best-known finishing straits, particularly renowned among sprinters. Since 2011 the finish was moved to a different location because a new tram line was built on the Avenue de Grammont.
2013 Tour of Chongming Island World Cup
The 2013 Tour of Chongming Island World Cup is the fourth running of the Tour of Chongming Island World Cup, a women's single-day cycling race held in China and is the fifth race of the 2013 UCI Women's Road World Cup season. The race was held on 12 May 2013 over a distance of 126.8 kilometres (78.8 miles).

Tour of Chongming Island
The Tour of Chongming Island International Cycling Race is an annual elite women's road bicycle racing stage race held in Shanghai, China, named after Chongming Island.

The Tour previously consisted of two races: a stage race and a one-day race. Between 2007 and 2009, the one-day race was a time trial; in 2010, the time trial was replaced by a one-day race, referred to as the Tour of Chongming Island World Cup, that was part of the UCI Women's Road World Cup until 2015. From 2016, only the stage race was held, part of the new UCI Women's World Tour. The 2020, 2021 and 2022 editions of the race were cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic in mainland China.

Stages take place on the islands of Chongming and Changxing in the Yangtze estuary over mostly flat routes, with Cycling News calling the race a "sprinters paradise".
Fully irreducible automorphism
In the mathematical subject geometric group theory, a fully irreducible automorphism of the free group Fn is an element of Out(Fn) which has no  periodic conjugacy classes of proper free factors in Fn (where n > 1). Fully irreducible automorphisms are also referred to as "irreducible with irreducible powers" or "iwip" automorphisms. The notion of being fully irreducible provides a key Out(Fn) counterpart of the notion of a pseudo-Anosov element of the mapping class group of a finite type surface. Fully irreducibles play an important role in the study of structural properties of individual elements  and of subgroups of Out(Fn).

Out(Fn)
In mathematics, Out(Fn) is the outer automorphism group of a free group on n generators. These groups are at universal stage in geometric group theory, as they act on the set of presentations with  generators of any finitely generated group. Despite geometric analogies with general linear groups and mapping class groups, their complexity is generally regarded as more challenging, which has fueled the development of new techniques in the field.
Kovdorskite
Kovdorskite, Mg2PO4(OH)·3H2O, is a rare, hydrated, magnesium phosphate mineral. It was first described by Kapustin et al., and is found only in the Kovdor Massif near Kovdor, Kola Peninsula, Russia. It is associated with collinsite, magnesite, dolomite, hydrotalcite, apatite, magnetite, and forsterite.

Apatite
Apatite is a group of phosphate minerals, usually hydroxyapatite, fluorapatite and chlorapatite, with high concentrations of OH−, F− and Cl− ion, respectively, in the crystal. The formula of the admixture of the three most common endmembers is written as Ca10(PO4)6(OH,F,Cl)2, and the crystal unit cell formulae of the individual minerals are written as Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2, Ca10(PO4)6F2 and Ca10(PO4)6Cl2.

The mineral was named apatite by the German geologist Abraham Gottlob Werner in 1786, although the specific mineral he had described was reclassified as fluorapatite in 1860 by the German mineralogist Karl Friedrich August Rammelsberg. Apatite is often mistaken for other minerals. This tendency is reflected in the mineral's name, which is derived from the Greek word ἀπατάω (apatáō), which means to deceive.

As hydroxyapatite, it forms a major part of the teeth and bones of vertebrate animals.
Tomb of Jesus
According to the gospel accounts, Jesus was buried in a tomb which originally belonged to Joseph of Arimathea, a wealthy man who, believing Jesus was the Messiah, offered his own sepulcher for the burial of Jesus. According to Christian tradition, the tomb of Jesus is located in the Church of the Holy Sepulchre.

Calvary
Calvary (Latin: Calvariae or Calvariae locus) or Golgotha (Biblical Greek: Γολγοθᾶ, romanized: Golgothâ), was a site immediately outside Roman Jerusalem's walls where, according to Christianity's four canonical gospels, Jesus was crucified.

Since at least the early medieval period, it has been a destination for pilgrimage. The exact location of Calvary has been traditionally associated with a place now enclosed within one of the southern chapels of the multidenominational Church of the Holy Sepulchre, a site said to have been recognized by the Roman empress Helena, mother of Constantine the Great, during her visit to the Holy Land in 325. Other locations have been suggested: in the 19th century, Protestant scholars proposed a different location near the Garden Tomb on Green Hill (now "Skull Hill") about 500 m (1,600 ft) north of the traditional site.
History of the National Hockey League (2017–present)
The National Hockey League (NHL) began its second century in 2017. Since then, the NHL has grown from 30 to 32 teams with the addition of the Vegas Golden Knights and the Seattle Kraken to the Western Conference. The COVID-19 pandemic was a major disruption to the league during the 2019–20, 2020–21 and 2021–22 seasons. The NHL played games without spectators in controlled conditions. The Arizona Coyotes indefinitely suspended operations following the 2023–24 season; the team's hockey assets, including its roster and coaches, were transferred to the newly-founded Utah Hockey Club (now Utah Mammoth) franchise. This era saw the emergence of Connor McDavid as a superstar, becoming the first player in nearly 30 years to record 150 points in a single season, among other accomplishments.

2023 Stanley Cup Final
The 2023 Stanley Cup Final was the championship series of the National Hockey League's (NHL) 2022–23 season and the culmination of the 2023 Stanley Cup playoffs. The Western Conference champion Vegas Golden Knights defeated the Eastern Conference champion Florida Panthers four games to one in the best-of-seven series to earn their first championship in their sixth season. Vegas had home ice advantage in the series with the better regular season record.

The series began on June 3, and concluded on June 13. This was the first Final series since 2018 in which neither team had previously won the Stanley Cup. For the first time since before the COVID-19 pandemic, the Final ran through the first weeks of June.
IWRG 5th Anniversary Show
The IWRG 5th Anniversary Show was a major lucha libre event produced and scripted by the Mexican International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) professional wrestling promotion on January 1, 2001. The show was held in Arena Naucalpan, Naucalpan, State of Mexico, which is IWRG's primary venue. As the name indicates the event commemorates the anniversary of IWRG, which was founded on January 1, 1996.

The main event of the Anniversary show was a best two-out-of-three-falls eight-man tag team match won by Bombero Infernal, El Enterrador and Los Megas (Mega and Super Mega) as they defeated Black Dragon, Kato Kung Lee, Mike Segura and Tony Rivera two falls to one. The show included four additional matches, two tag team matches and two Trios matches.

Cerebro Negro
Ricardo Antonio Morales Gonzalez (born September 30, 1973), better known under the ring name Cerebro Negro ("Black Brain"), is a Mexican luchador, or masked professional wrestler, currently working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion International Wrestling Revolution Group (IWRG) portraying a rudo ("Bad guy") wrestling character as well as a number of independent promotions.
Charles Smart Evans
Charles Smart Evans (1778 – 4 January 1849) was an English vocalist and composer.

Evans was a chorister under Dr. Edmund Ayrton, and in 1808 a gentleman of the Chapel Royal. His name appears among the alto singers in the chorus of the "Ancient Concerts" of 1798, and he took part with John Braham and others in the music performed at Weber's funeral in 1826.

Four of Evans's part-songs gained prizes from the Glee and Catch Clubs, namely: Beauties, have you seen a toy? (1811); Fill all the glasses (1812); Ode to the Memory of Samuel Webbe (1817), for Samuel Webbe; and Great Bacchus (1821). Subsequently he became a catholic and a member of the choir of the chapel of the Portuguese embassy. Evans wrote a Magnificat and some motets, contained in books iv. and v. of Alfred Novello's "Collection of Motets". He was also the composer of many songs.

Alfred Novello
Joseph Alfred Novello (12 August 1810 – 17 July 1896) was an English music publisher. He was the eldest son of Vincent Novello, and the creator of Novello and Company Ltd as a revolutionary force in music publishing.
Wadi Tumilat
Wadi Tumilat (Old Egyptian Tjeku/Tscheku/Tju/Tschu) is the 50-kilometre-long (31 mi) dry river valley (wadi) to the east of the Nile Delta. In prehistory, it was a distributary of the Nile. It starts near the modern town of Zagazig and the ancient town of Bubastis and goes east to the area of modern Ismaïlia.

In ancient times, this was a major communication artery for caravan trade between Egypt and points to the east. The Canal of the Pharaohs was built there. A little water still flows along the wadi. The current Sweet Water Canal also flows along the wadi.

The Arabic name "Wadi Tumilat" is believed to reflect the existence in the area, in ancient times, of an important temple of the god Atum (Old Egyptian pr-itm, 'House of Atum', changed over time into 'Tumilat', as well as into 'Pithom').

The old name of the valley is Wadi as-Sadir (Arabic: وادي السدير), which is also "the land of Goshen" in the Arabic translation of the Pentateuch.

Zagazig
Zagazig (Egyptian Arabic pronunciation: [ez.zæʔæˈziːʔ], locally [ez.zæɡæˈziːɡ]) is a city in Egypt. Situated in the eastern part of the Nile delta, it is the capital of the governorate of Sharqia. It is located on the Muweis Canal and is a hub of the corn and cotton trade. The city contains the Museum of Tal Basta Antiquities, including archaeological exhibits.

The city is home to Zagazig University, founded in 1974, one of the largest universities in Egypt, with colleges in different fields of science and arts. The Archaeological Museum of the University of Zagazig exhibits significant finds from the nearby sites, Bubastis (Tell Basta) and Kufur Nigm. The most notable streets in Zagazig are Farouk Street, Government Street, Abu Hamad and El Kawmia Street.
Nicolás Córdova
Nicolas Andrés Córdova San Cristóbal (Spanish pronunciation: [nikoˈlas ˈkoɾðoβa], born 9 February 1979) is a Chilean football manager and former footballer. He is the head coach of the Chile under-20 national team and currently acts as interim head coach of the Chile senior national team.

L'Alcúdia International Football Tournament
The Torneo Internacional de Fútbol Sub-20 de L'Alcúdia (L'Alcúdia International Under-20 Football Tournament), better known as COTIF, is an annual international invitational football competition for youth teams, open to both clubs and national and autonomous teams, held in L'Alcúdia, Valencia since 1984. Since 2012 it also holds a senior women's football tournament. From the 2016 edition, the men's tournament will feature international under-20 teams only.