hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Matrix scheme
A matrix scheme (also known as a matrix sale or site, and as a hellevator, excavator or ladder scheme) is a business model involving the exchange of money for a certain product with a side bonus of being added to a waiting list for a product of greater value than the amount given. Matrix schemes are also sometimes considered similar to Ponzi or pyramid schemes. They have been called "unsustainable" by the United Kingdom's Office of Fair Trading. A matrix scheme is also an example of an "exploding queue'"in queueing theory.

Queueing theory
Queueing theory is the mathematical study of waiting lines, or queues. A queueing model is constructed so that queue lengths and waiting time can be predicted. Queueing theory is generally considered a branch of operations research because the results are often used when making business decisions about the resources needed to provide a service.

Queueing theory has its origins in research by Agner Krarup Erlang, who created models to describe the system of incoming calls at the Copenhagen Telephone Exchange Company. These ideas were seminal to the field of teletraffic engineering and have since seen applications in telecommunications, traffic engineering, computing, project management, and particularly industrial engineering, where they are applied in the design of factories, shops, offices, and hospitals.
Wally Grout
Arthur Theodore Wallace Grout (30 March 1927 – 9 November 1968), known as Wally Grout, was a Test cricketer who kept wicket for Australia and Queensland.

Grout played in 51 Test matches between 1957 and 1966. He made his Test debut against South Africa at Wanderers Stadium, during which he caught a record six wickets behind the stumps in the second innings.

For many years, Grout played second fiddle to Don Tallon in the Queensland state team, and was unable to cement a regular spot as wicket keeper until Tallon's retirement in 1953. In a Sheffield Shield match against Western Australia at Brisbane in 1960, he took 8 catches in an innings, setting a world record.

He died suddenly from a heart attack at the age of 41, only 3 years after ending his playing career. On 27 January 2016 Wally was inducted into the Australian Cricket Hall of Fame.

Wanderers Stadium
The Wanderers Stadium, also known as the Bullring due to its intimidating atmosphere, is a cricket stadium situated just south of Sandton in Illovo, Johannesburg in Gauteng, South Africa. Test, One Day and First class cricket matches are played here. It is the home ground for the Imperial Lions and the Joburg Super Kings.
Yonassan Gershom
Yonassan Gershom (born 1947) is an American Rabbi and writer who was ordained in the Jewish Renewal movement during the 1980s, and is now a follower of Breslov Hasidism. He was associated with the early days of the B'nai Or movement, a forerunner of Jewish Renewal, in which he was ordained by Rabbi Zalman Schachter-Shalomi in 1986, although he is not in agreement with the direction that the movement has taken in more recent years.

Jewish Renewal
Jewish Renewal (Hebrew: התחדשות יהודית, romanized: Hitḥadeshut Yehudit) is a Jewish religious movement originating in the 20th century that endeavors to reinvigorate modern Judaism with Kabbalistic, Hasidic, and musical practices. Specifically, it seeks to reintroduce the "ancient Judaic traditions of mysticism and meditation, gender equality and ecstatic prayer" to synagogue services. It is distinct from the baal teshuva movement of "return" to religious observance of Orthodox Judaism.
The Giant Spider Invasion
The Giant Spider Invasion is a 1975 American independent science fiction action horror film produced, composed and directed by Bill Rebane. Starring   Steve Brodie, Barbara Hale, Robert Easton, Leslie Parrish, and Alan Hale, it follows giant spiders that terrorize the town of Merrill, Wisconsin and its surrounding area. The film was theatrically released in 1975 by Group 1 Films and enjoyed a considerable run to become one of the 50 top-grossing films of that year.

The Giant Spider Invasion received negative reviews upon release and has since achieved a cult following after its appearance in a 1997 episode of Mystery Science Theater 3000. The film was shown at a Bill Rebane themed film festival in 2005. A musical remake for the film was also planned.

Merrill, Wisconsin
Merrill is a city in and the county seat of Lincoln County, Wisconsin, United States. It is located to the south of and adjacent to the Town of Merrill. The population was 9,347, according to the 2020 census. Merrill is part of the United States Census Bureau's Merrill MSA, which includes all of Lincoln County. Together with the Wausau MSA, which includes all of Marathon County, it forms the Wausau-Merrill CSA.
Michael W. D'Arcy
Michael William D'Arcy (born 26 February 1970) is the chief executive of the Irish Association of Investment Management. He is an Irish former Fine Gael politician who was elected to the Seanad for the Agricultural Panel in April 2020. He was a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Wexford constituency from 2016 to 2020, and previously between 2007 and 2011. He served as Minister of State at the Department of Finance from 2017 to 2020. He previously served as a Senator for the Administrative Panel from 2011 to 2016.

Administrative Panel
The Administrative Panel is one of five vocational panels which together elect 43 of the 60 members of Seanad Éireann, the senate of the Oireachtas (the legislature of Ireland). The Administrative Panel elects seven senators.
Craig Waters
Craig Waters (born 1956 in Pensacola, Florida) is a former public information officer who served as Communications Director for the Florida Supreme Court in Tallahassee from June 1, 1996, to February 28, 2022. In 1994, then Chief Justice Gerald Kogan appointed Waters as staff attorney and established the Court’s Office of Public Information.

Waters worked in areas related to government transparency and First Amendment rights during his tenure as lawyer and government official. As the Court’s spokesperson during the 2000 presidential election, he publicly announced the Court’s rulings regarding the Florida vote.

Gerald Kogan
Gerald H. Kogan (May 23, 1933 – March 4, 2021) was a Justice of the Florida Supreme Court from January 30, 1987, to December 31, 1998. He served as chief justice from 1996 to 1998. He was born in New York City on May 23, 1933. He graduated from the University of Miami School of Law in 1955. He died on March 4, 2021.
George Mitchell (rugby league)
George Gordon Mitchell played for the Richmond Rovers rugby league club in Auckland from 1937 to 1942 and represented Auckland from 1937 to 1947 as well as Auckland Māori from 1937 to 1945 and New Zealand Māori in 1937. He was also selected for New Zealand for the 1939 tour of England. He played rugby union for Manawatu in the early 1930s and Auckland when he was serving in the military in the early 1940s.

Auckland rugby league team
The Auckland rugby league team is the team which traditionally represents all of the clubs which play in the Auckland Rugby League competition. As well as a senior men's team there are also Auckland representative teams throughout the various age groups such as under 15s, under 17s, under 19s and under 21s.

Under the new zone scheme introduced in 2010 the Auckland team represents the North Shore, East Auckland and West Auckland, while South Auckland is represented by the Counties Manukau rugby league team. The zone team is named the Akarana Falcons.
A Common Man (film)
A Common Man is a 2013 Sri Lankan thriller film directed by Sri Lankan filmmaker Chandran Rutnam, starring Ben Kingsley and Ben Cross. The film is an official remake of the Indian film, A Wednesday! (2008).

A Common Man won Best Picture, Best Director and Best Actor awards at the Madrid International Film Festival and bronze medal in the Feature Films category at the New York Festivals’ International Television and Film Awards, three of the 119 Gold World Medals, 145 Silver, 104 Bronze, and 327 Finalist Certificates awarded that day.

Ben Cross
Harry Bernard Cross (16 December 1947 – 18 August 2020) known as Ben Cross, was an English actor. He was best known for his portrayal of the British Olympic athlete Harold Abrahams in the 1981 film Chariots of Fire and for playing Billy Flynn in the original West End production of the musical Chicago.
Night Duty
Night Duty is a 1974 Indian Malayalam-language film directed by J. Sasikumar and produced by Thiruppathi Chettiyar. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Kaviyoor Ponnamma and Adoor Bhasi in the lead roles. V. Dakshinamoorthy composed the music.

Adoor Bhasi
K. Bhaskaran Nair (1 March 1929 – 29 March 1990), professionally credited by his stage name Adoor Bhasi, was an Indian actor and film director. He was mostly cast as a sidekick to protagonists, particularly Prem Nazir. His comedic roles were widely appreciated in Malayalam films of the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Bhasi has also done leading and character roles. He directed three Malayalam films in the late 1970s. Bhasi is also known for his eloquent speeches in fluent English. He has won Kerala State Film Awards, including two Best Actor and one Second Best Actor.
Kalachakram
Kalachakram is a 1973 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by K. Narayanan and written by Sreekumaran Thampi. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayabharathi, Bahadoor and Adoor Bhasi. It was released on 16 March 1973.

Sreekumaran Thampi
Sreekumaran Thampi (born 16 March 1940) is an Indian lyricist, music director, director, producer and screenwriter in Malayalam cinema. He also writes poetry and is a recipient of the Vallathol Award. In 2017, he was awarded the J. C. Daniel Award, Kerala government's highest honour for contributions to Malayalam cinema.
SMS V181
SMS V181 was a S-138-class large torpedo boat of the Imperial German Navy. She was built by the AG Vulcan shipyard at Stettin in 1909–1910, launching on 6 November 1909 and completing on 11 March 1910.

V180 took part in the First World War, serving in the North Sea and the Baltic Sea, taking part in actions including the Battle of Dogger Bank and Battle of the Gulf of Riga in 1915 and Operation Albion, the German invasion and occupation of the West Estonian Archipelago in 1917.  She was renamed T181 in February 1918. Following the end of the First World War, T181 was surrendered as a reparation under the terms of the Treaty of Versailles, and was sold for scrap in 1922.

Battle of the Gulf of Riga
The Battle of the Gulf of Riga was a World War I naval operation of the German High Seas Fleet against the Russian Baltic Fleet in the Gulf of Riga in the Baltic Sea in August 1915. The operation's objective was to destroy the Russian naval forces in the Gulf in preparation for landing German troops to facilitate the fall of Riga in the later stages of the Central Powers' offensive on the Eastern Front in 1915. The German fleet, however, failed to achieve its objective and was forced to return to its bases; Riga remained in Russian hands until it fell to the German Army on 1 September 1917.
Świętobor, Duke of Pomerania
Świętobor (Latin: Suatobor) was a Pomeranian duke of 11th and 12th century. According to Gesta principum Polonorum of the chronicler Gallus Anonymus, he was a relative of king of Poland, Bolesław III Wrymouth. In one particular instance, Świętobor was imprisoned by his rivals and Bolesław set out with military aid for Świętobór. However, before Bolesław's expedition reached its destination,  Świętobór was freed and the king's forces turned around and returned home.

As historical sources do not mention anything else about him, remaining information on Świętobór consists of speculation. Historians assume that he was a ruler of part of Western Pomerania and a descendant of Siemomysł of Pomerania and a relative of Świętopełk, Duke of Pomerania. Modern historians assume that Siemomysł was a descendant of Świętopełk Mieszkowic or Mieszko Mieszkowic.

Gallus Anonymus
Gallus Anonymus (Polish: Gall Anonim, Anonim, tak zwany Gall), is the name traditionally given to the anonymous author of Gesta principum Polonorum (Deeds of the Princes of the Poles), composed in Latin between 1112 and 1118.
Gallus is generally regarded as the first historian to have described the history of Poland. His Chronicles are an obligatory text for university courses in Polish history. Very little is known of the author himself and it is widely believed that he was a foreigner.
Cathrine Dekkerhus
Cathrine Høegh Dekkerhus (born 17 September 1992) is a Norwegian football midfielder who plays in the Toppserien for Lillestrøm. She previously played for Stabæk Fotball, with whom she played in the Champions League, scoring a winner against 1.FFC Frankfurt in the 2012 season's round of 32. She previously played for Lillestrøm SK.

As a junior international she won a silver in the 2011 U-19 European Championship.

Dekkerhus was named in Norway's squad for UEFA Women's Euro 2013 by veteran coach Even Pellerud. She played in the final at Friends Arena, which Norway lost 1–0 to Germany.

LSK Kvinner FK
LSK Kvinner Fotballklubb is a Norwegian women's football club from Lillestrøm. They currently play in Toppserien, the top division of Norwegian football. The club was founded as Setskog/Høland Fotballklubb on 10 October 1989.
Adobe Atmosphere
Adobe Atmosphere was a software platform for interacting with 3D computer graphics. 3D models created with the commercial program could be explored socially using a browser plugin available free of charge. Atmosphere was originally developed by Attitude Software as 3D Anarchy and was later bought by Adobe Systems. The product spent the majority of its lifetime in beta testing. Adobe released the last version of Atmosphere, version 1.0 build 216, in February 2004, then discontinued the software in December that year.

Plug-in (computing)
In computing, a plug-in (also spelled plugin), add-in (also addin, add-on, or addon) or extension is a software component that extends the functionality of an existing software system without requiring the system to be re-built. A plug-in feature is one way that a system can be customizable.

Applications support plug-ins for a variety of reasons including:

Enable third-party developers to extend an application

Support easily adding new features

Reduce the size of an application by not loading unused features

Separate source code from an application because of incompatible software licenses
Frank Gant
Frank Gant (May 26, 1931- July 19, 2021) was an American jazz drummer.

Gant, a native of Detroit, Michigan, recorded with Donald Byrd, Sonny Stitt, and extensively with Yusef Lateef in the late 1950s. He then worked with Red Garland before joining Ahmad Jamal's trio (1966-1976).

His first gigs were with Billy Mitchell and Pepper Adams. After working with Little John Wilson and his Merry Men at the Madison Ballroom including four days backing Billie Holiday, Gant joined Alvin Jackson's house band at the Blue Bird.

As the house drummer at Detroit's Club 12, with Jackson's band, he backed Thelonious Monk and Charlie Rouse in September 1959.

In the 1970s, he accompanied Jamil Nasser and Harold Mabern as the rhythm section for workshops run by Cobi Narita.

Jamil Nasser
Jamil Nasser (born George Joyner, June 21, 1932 – February 13, 2010) and also credited on some of Ahmad Jamal's recordings as Jamil Sulieman, was an American jazz musician. He played double bass, electric bass, and tuba.
Anthony Ludovici
Anthony Mario Ludovici MBE (8 January 1882 – 3 April 1971) was a British philosopher, sociologist, social critic and polyglot. He is known as a proponent of aristocracy and anti-egalitarianism, and in the early 20th century was a leading British conservative author. He wrote on subjects including art, metaphysics, politics, economics, religion, the differences between the sexes and races, health, and eugenics.

Ludovici began his career as an artist, painting and illustrating books. He was private secretary to sculptor Auguste Rodin for several months in 1906. He later wrote over 30 books, and translated many others.

Aristocracy
Aristocracy (from Ancient Greek  ἀριστοκρατίᾱ (aristokratíā) 'rule of the best'; from  ἄριστος (áristos) 'best' and  κράτος (krátos) 'power, strength') is a form of government that places power in the hands of a small, privileged ruling class, the aristocrats.

Across Europe, the aristocracy exercised immense economic, political, and social influence. In Western Christian countries, the aristocracy was mostly equal with magnates, also known as the titled or higher nobility, however the members of the more numerous social class, the untitled lower nobility (petty nobility or gentry) were not part of the aristocracy.
Lap of Luxury
Lap of Luxury is the tenth studio album by American band Cheap Trick. Released on April 12, 1988, it is the band's second-most commercially successful studio album (trailing only 1979's Dream Police), reaching number 16 on the Billboard 200 and being certified platinum in sales. The album contains the band's only US number-one hit, "The Flame", as well as the additional hit singles "Don't Be Cruel" (an Elvis Presley cover) and "Ghost Town".

Dream Police
Dream Police is the fourth studio album by American rock band Cheap Trick. It was released in 1979, and was their third release in a row produced by Tom Werman. It is the band's most commercially successful studio album, going to No. 6 on the Billboard 200 chart and being certified platinum within a few months of its release.
Army of the Ardennes
The Army of the Ardennes (armée des Ardennes) was a French Revolutionary Army formed on the first of October 1792 by splitting off the right wing of the Army of the North, commanded from July to August that year by La Fayette. From July to September 1792 General Dumouriez also misused the name Army of the Ardennes for the right wing of what was left of the Army of the North after the split, encamped at Sedan and the name of Army of the North for the left flank of the army.

It was reorganized by a decree of the Conseil exécutif on the first of March 1793, leading to only the right flank of the army keeping the name of Army of the Ardennes. The first division of the Army of the Ardennes re-merged back into the Army of the North on 5 October 1793, at which date the rest of the Army of the Ardennes continued as the Army of the Ardennes until 29 June 1794, when it merged with the Army of the North's right wing and the Army of the Moselle's left wing to form the Army of Sambre-et-Meuse.

Army of the North (France)
The Army of the North or Armée du Nord is a name given to several historical units of the French Army. The first was one of the French Revolutionary Armies that fought with distinction against the First Coalition from 1792 to 1795. Others existed during the Peninsular War, the Hundred Days and the Franco-Prussian War.
Adnan Terzić
Adnan Terzić (born 5 April 1960) is a Bosnian politician who served as Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina from 2002 to 2007. He was a longtime member of the Party of Democratic Action, until he left it to join the Union for a Better Future.

Terzić was born in Zagreb in 1960, before moving to Sarajevo in his youth. He graduated from the University of Sarajevo in 1986. He was in the Army of the Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina during the Bosnian War. Following the war, Terzić served as Governor of Central Bosnia Canton from 1997 to 1998. He was afterwards elected to the Federal Parliament.

Following the 2002 general election, Terzić was appointed Chairman of the Council of Ministers. He was succeeded as chairman by Nikola Špirić in January 2007.

Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The chairman of the Council of Ministers of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Bosnian/Croatian: Predsjedavajući Vijeća ministara Bosne i Hercegovine, Serbian: Предсједавајући Савјета министара Босне и Херцеговине) is the head of the government of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

The chairman of the Council of Ministers is nominated by the Presidency of Bosnia and Herzegovina, and appointed by the House of Representatives of Bosnia and Herzegovina. As head of the government, the chairman of the Council of Ministers has no authority for appointing ministers, and their role is that of a coordinator. Ministers are appointed in their stead by the majority-parties according to ethnic and entity representation rules, so that a deputy minister must not be of same ethnicity as the respective minister.

Borjana Krišto is the 11th and current chairwoman of the Council of Ministers. She took office on 25 January 2023, following the 2022 general election. Krišto is the first female occupant of the office.
2018 37 Kind Days 250
The 2018 37 Kind Days 250 was the sixth stock car race of the 2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series season, and the 18th iteration of the event. The event was held on Friday, May 11, 2018 in Kansas City, Kansas at Kansas Speedway. The race rook 167 laps to complete. Noah Gragson of Kyle Busch Motorsports would dominate the race, and eventually win the race, the first and only win of the season and the second of his career. To fill out the podium, Kyle Busch of Kyle Busch Motorsports and Stewart Friesen of Halmar Friesen Racing finished 2nd and 3rd, respectively.

Noah Gragson
Noah Quinn Gragson (born July 15, 1998) is an American professional stock car racing driver. He competes full-time in the NASCAR Cup Series, driving the No. 4 Ford Mustang Dark Horse for Front Row Motorsports.
Emfraz
Enfraz or Infraz (Amharic: እንፍራዝ, romanized: infrāz), also called Guba'e (Ge'ez: ጉባኤ, romanized: gūbā'ē, lit. 'assembly'), or Guzara (Amharic: ጉዛራ)  is a historic town and district in northern Ethiopia. Located in the mountainous area overlooking the northeast shore of Lake Tana in the North Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, it sits at a latitude and longitude of 12°15′30″N 37°37′45″E﻿ / ﻿12.25833°N 37.62917°E﻿ / 12.25833; 37.62917.

Enfranz is located on the all-weather asphalt road which connects Bahir Dar to Gondar. With improvements to this road and the advent of electrical service, since 2005 Enfranz has become an important market center for fish from Lake Tana.

Gondar
Gondar, also spelled Gonder (Amharic: ጎንደር, Gonder or Gondär; formerly ጐንደር, Gʷandar or Gʷender), is a city and woreda in Ethiopia. Located in the North Gondar Zone of the Amhara Region, Gondar is north of Lake Tana on the Lesser Angereb River and southwest of the Simien Mountains. As of 2021, Gondar has an estimated population of 443,156.

Gondar previously served as the capital of both the Ethiopian Empire and the subsequent Begemder Province. The city holds the remains of several royal castles, including those in the Fasil Ghebbi UNESCO World Heritage Site for which Gondar has been called the "Camelot of Africa".
Edward Barry (Irish nationalist politician)
Edward Barry (1852 – 7 December 1927), sometimes known as Ned Barry, was an Irish nationalist politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for South Cork from 1892 to 1910.

Barry was elected to the United Kingdom House of Commons at the 1892 general election as an Anti-Parnellite Irish National Federation candidate, and joined the Irish Parliamentary Party when the split was resolved in early 1900.  He held his seat until the general election in December 1910.

He also served as chairman of Clonakilty board of guardians.

Her died at his residence at Rathbarry, Rosscarbery, County Cork, on 7 December 1927.

Irish Parliamentary Party
The Irish Parliamentary Party (IPP; commonly called the Irish Party or the Home Rule Party) was formed in 1874 by Isaac Butt, the leader of the Nationalist Party, replacing the Home Rule League, as official parliamentary party for Irish nationalist Members of Parliament (MPs) elected to the House of Commons at Westminster within the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland up until 1918. Its central objectives were legislative independence for Ireland and land reform. Its constitutional movement was instrumental in laying the groundwork for Irish self-government through three Irish Home Rule bills.