hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Volksrust
Volksrust is a town in the Mpumalanga province of South Africa near the KwaZulu-Natal provincial border, some 240 km southeast of Johannesburg, 53 km north of Newcastle and 80 km southeast of Standerton.

Standerton
Standerton is a large commercial and agricultural town lying on the banks of the Vaal River in Mpumalanga, South Africa, which specialises in cattle, dairy, maize and poultry farming. The town was established in 1876 and named after Boer leader Commandant A. H. Stander. During the First Boer War a British garrison in the town was besieged by the Boers for three months. General Jan Smuts won this seat during elections and went on to assist in setting up the League of Nations. Standerton is the seat of the Lekwa Local Municipality.
History of Denver
This article details the history of the City and County of Denver, Colorado, the United States from its founding in 1858 to the present. Since the gold rush, Denver has been Colorado's gateway and major metropolis. With its location at the intersection of the plains and the mountains, its people and institutions have tied together the sections of the state and served as a point of contact between Colorado and the wider world. As the state’s political capital and largest city, Denver has been the natural center for decision-making. New programs and ideas have typically spread outward through public agencies and private organizations that have Denver headquarters.

Stapleton International Airport
Stapleton International Airport (IATA: DEN, ICAO: KDEN, FAA LID: DEN) was a major airport in the western United States, and the primary airport of Denver, Colorado. It opened on October 17, 1929, and was replaced by Denver International Airport in 1995.

It was a hub for Continental Airlines, the original Frontier Airlines, People Express, United Airlines, and Western Airlines. Other airlines with smaller operations at Stapleton included Aspen Airways, today’s Frontier Airlines, and Rocky Mountain Airways, all three being based in Denver at the time.

Stapleton International Airport was replaced by Denver International Airport in 1995; it was closed and the property redeveloped as the commercial and residential neighborhood of Central Park, which was named Stapleton until 2020. The Stapleton International Airport codes were transferred to the new airport, which continues to use them today.
BVG Class H
The BVG Class H is a type of electric multiple unit train used on the Berlin U-Bahn, Berlin's underground rapid transit system. They were the first new design of wide profile trains introduced after the fall of the Berlin Wall and have been in use since 1996. It is the first model to allow passengers to freely walk through the entire length of the train, as opposed to having multiple closed off compartments.

BVG Class D
Class D was a type of electric multiple unit train used by the Berlin U-Bahn.

After World War II the trains of the Berlin U-Bahn were worn out, making a new series of trains necessary. From 1957 on the new D type trains were delivered (also called Stahldora/Steel Dora). They were made of steel, making them very heavy. In 1965, the DL type was developed, which was constructed from lighter metals (also called Dora). This way, weight was reduced by 26%.  Like in earlier models, the seats were located along the sides of the train.
Nghĩa Lộ
Nghĩa Lộ is a former town in Yên Bái Province, in the north-east region of Vietnam. It is bordered by Văn Chấn District and Trạm Tấu District.

In 1951, the Viet Minh 312 Division fought French forces in the area as part of the First Indochina War.

As of 2020, the district had a population of 68,206. The district covers an area of 107.78 km2.

Trạm Tấu district
Trạm Tấu is a rural district of Yên Bái province, in the Northeast region of Vietnam. As of 2019, the district had a population of 33,962. The district covers an area of 742 km2. The district capital lies at Trạm Tấu.
Sabir Mateen
Sabir Mateen (born April 16, 1951) is an American musician and composer from Philadelphia. His musical style is primarily avant-garde jazz.  He plays tenor and alto saxophone, B♭ and alto clarinet, and flute.

As a young man, Mateen was originally a percussionist, and he started playing flute as a teenager.  From there he moved to alto and then tenor saxophone.  He started out playing rhythm and blues in the early 1970s which led him to the tenor saxophone chair of the Horace Tapscott Pan Afrikan Peoples Arkestra.  He has performed or recorded with musicians including Cecil Taylor, Sunny Murray, William Parker, Alan Silva, Butch and Wilber Morris, Raphe Malik, Steve Swell, Roy Campbell, Jr., Matthew Shipp, Marc Edwards, Jemeel Moondoc, William Hooker, Henry Grimes, Rashid Bakr, and Hamid Drake.  He is a member of the band TEST, with Daniel Carter.

Wilber Morris
Wilber Morris (November 27, 1937 - August 8, 2002) was an American jazz double bass player and bandleader.  He was the brother of the cornetist, composer, and conductor Butch Morris.

Wilber Morris recorded widely, and performed with such musicians as Pharoah Sanders, Steve Habib, Sonny Simmons, Alan Silva, Joe McPhee, Horace Tapscott, Butch Morris, Arthur Blythe, Charles Gayle, William Parker, and Billy Bang, Charles Tyler, Dennis Charles, Roy Campbell, Avram Fefer, Alfred 23 Harth, Borah Bergman and Rashied Ali.
Tiare Jennings
Tiare Rose Jennings (born June 5, 2002) is an American professional softball player for the Texas Volts of the Athletes Unlimited Softball League. (AUSL). She played for the Oklahoma City Spark of the Association of Fastpitch Professionals (APF) and college softball for the Oklahoma Sooners. As a freshman in 2021, she was named NFCA National Freshman of the Year and Softball America Freshman of the Year. While at Oklahoma she won the Women's College World Series championship four consecutive years.

NFCA National Freshman of the Year
The NFCA National Freshman of the Year is an award given by Schutt Sports to the best college softball freshman of the year. The award has been given annually since 2014. The award is voted on by the members of the NFCA's NCAA Division I All-American Committee.
Anandiben Patel
Anandiben Mafatbhai Patel  (born 21 November 1941) is an Indian politician serving as the 20th and current governor of Uttar Pradesh since 2019. She also served as the 17th governor of Madhya Pradesh from 2020 to 2021 and as Governor of Chhattisgarh from 2018 to 2019. She has served as the first and to date, the only female Chief Minister of Gujarat. She is also the second female Governor of Uttar Pradesh after Sarojini Naidu and also the longest-serving governor for the state. She is a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) since 1987. She was the Cabinet Minister for Education from 2002 to 2007.

She was the cabinet Minister of Road and Building, Revenue, Urban development and Urban Housing, Disaster Management and Capital Projects in the Government of Gujarat from 2007 to 2014.

On 19 January 2018, she became the Governor of Madhya Pradesh replacing Om Prakash Kohli who was holding additional charge since September 2016.

Keshubhai Patel
Keshubhai Patel (24 July 1928 – 29 October 2020) was an Indian politician who was the Chief Minister of Gujarat in 1995 and again from 1998 to 2001. He was a six-time member of Gujarat Legislative Assembly. He was a member of RSS since 1940s, of Bharatiya Jana Sangh in 1960s, Janata Party in 1970s, and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) from 1980. He left the BJP in 2012 and formed the Gujarat Parivartan Party. He was elected from Visavadar in the 2012 state assembly election but resigned in 2014 due to ill health and merged his party with BJP.

He was awarded the Padma Bhushan posthumously in 2021.
Highland Park and River Oaks
Highland Park and River Oaks: The Origins of Garden Suburban Community Planning in Texas is a 2014 book by Cheryl Caldwell Ferguson, published by the University of Texas Press. It discusses the development of two "garden suburbs" in Texas, the River Oaks neighborhood in Houston and the Dallas–Fort Worth municipality of Highland Park, during the 1920s.

University of Texas Press
The University of Texas Press (or UT Press) is the university press of the University of Texas at Austin. Established in 1950, the Press publishes scholarly and trade books in several areas, including Latin American studies, Caribbean studies, U.S. Latinx studies, Texana, Native American studies, Black studies, Middle Eastern studies, Jewish studies, gender studies, film & media studies, music, art, architecture, archaeology, classics, anthropology, food studies and natural history. The Press also publishes journals relating to their major subject areas. The Press produces approximately one hundred new books and thirteen journals each year.

In 2025, the University of Texas Press celebrated its seventy-fifth anniversary. During its time in operation, the Press has published more than 4,000 titles. It is a member of the Association of University Presses.
Dave Kincaid
David “Dave” Kincaid (born March 21, 1957) is an American musician who co-founded the Seattle band The Allies, and the New York band The Brandos with Ernie Mendillo in 1985. Besides playing with The Brandos, Kincaid has also released two albums of Irish music under the name David Kincaid.

As a musician he has worked with Scott Kempner, Dennis Diken, Simon Kirke, John Whelan, Jerry O'Sullivan and Liz Knowles.

Scott Kempner
Scott "Top Ten" Kempner (February 6, 1954 – November 29, 2023) was an American rock musician who was the rhythm guitarist of The Dictators. He was also a founding member of The Del-Lords and later a member of The Brandos.
Maragondon–Magallanes–Amuyong Road
The Maragondon–Magallanes–Amuyong Road or Maragondon–Magallanes–Alfonso Road is a two- to four-lane, secondary road in Cavite, Philippines. It connects the municipality of Maragondon and the municipality of Alfonso.

The entire road is designated as National Route 406 (N406) of the Philippine highway network.

Cavite
Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Kabite;  Chavacano: Provincia de Cavite; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Cavite), is a province of the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region. Situated in the southern shores of Manila Bay,  it is one of the most industrialized and fastest-growing provinces in the Philippines.

The province holds major historical significance, with most of the Philippine Revolution taking place in several areas of Cavite. The revolution ultimately led to the renouncement Spanish colonial control, culminating in the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898 in the town of Kawit. The old provincial capital, Cavite City, also hosted docks for the Manila galleon, becoming an essential part of commerce between Asia and Latin America at the time.
Ben Hiant
Ben Hiant (Scottish Gaelic: Beinn Shianta, meaning "blessed mountain" or "charmed mountain") is the highest mountain on the Ardnamurchan peninsula in Scotland. The mountain is situated in the centre of the peninsula, nearby to Kilchoan, looking over the Sound of Mull and Loch Sunart. Despite not being very tall, the mountain is visually very prominent.

Ardnamurchan
Ardnamurchan (/ˌɑːrdnəˈmɜːrxən/, Scottish Gaelic: Àird nam Murchan [aːrˠʃtʲ nə ˈmuɾuxan]) is a 50-square-mile (130-square-kilometre) peninsula in the ward management area of Lochaber, Highland, Scotland, noted for its remoteness and rural nature. Its remoteness is accentuated by the main access route being a single track road for much of its length. The most westerly point of mainland Great Britain, Corrachadh Mòr, is in Ardnamurchan.

The area was historically ruled by the Clan MacDonald of Ardnamurchan from the 1300s until 1618.

From 1930 to 1975 Ardnamurchan also gave its name to a landward district of Argyll, which covered a much wider area, including the districts of Morvern, Sunart and Ardgour.
Zusha (band)
Zusha is an American Hasidic folk rock/world music band from Manhattan, New York. Formed in 2013, Zusha consists of lead vocalist Shlomo Gaisin and guitarist/vocalist Zachariah Goldschmiedt. Their music pairs traditional Hasidic nigunim (wordless vocal melodies) with elements of folk, rock, soul, jazz, ska, and reggae. They have performed at venues including the Bowery Ballroom and the Knitting Factory. Their 2014 self-titled debut EP reached No. 9 on Billboard's World Albums chart, while their debut album Kavana (2016) reached No. 2 on the same chart. Their song "Pashut" appeared in trailers for the 2017 film Menashe, while another song, "Yoel's Nigun", was sampled by rapper JID for his 2022 single "Dance Now".

Knitting Factory
The Knitting Factory is a nightclub in New York City that features eclectic music and entertainment and is co-owned and co-operated by Knitting Factory Entertainment. After opening in 1987, various other locations were opened in the United States.

The Knitting Factory gave its audience poetry readings, performance art, standup comedy, and musicians who transcended the usual boundaries of rock and jazz, often experimental music. The Knitting Factory owners distributed some performances to radio stations, and around 1990 starting a radio show and the record label Knitting Factory Works. Later the founders started Knitting Factory Records in 1998.
Lance Gooden
Lance Carter Gooden (born December 1, 1982) is an American politician serving as the U.S. representative for Texas's 5th congressional district since 2019. His district includes parts of eastern Dallas, as well as a large swath of exurban and rural territory to Dallas's east.

A member of the Republican Party, Gooden served as the Texas State Representative for the 4th district (Henderson County and Kaufman County) from 2011 to 2015. He lost his reelection bid in the 2014 Republican primary election but was returned to office in the 2016 election for a non-consecutive third term in the state legislature before he ran for Congress.

Kaufman County, Texas
Kaufman County is a county in the northeastern area of the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 145,310. Its county seat is Kaufman. Both the county, established in 1848, and the city were named for David S. Kaufman, a U.S. Representative and diplomat from Texas. Kaufman County is part of the Dallas-Fort Worth Metroplex. Western artist Frank Reaugh moved from Illinois to Kaufman County in 1876, where he was directly inspired for such paintings as The Approaching Herd (1902).
Connor Goldson
Connor Lambert Goldson (born 18 December 1992) is an English professional footballer who plays for Aris Limassol. His preferred position is at centre-back, although he has also been utilised at right-back, and as a central midfielder.

He began his career at Shrewsbury Town, whom he represented in 120 competitive matches, scoring eight goals, seven coming in one season, and also spending time on loan at Cheltenham Town. In 2015, after a promotion-winning season for Shrewsbury, he signed for Brighton & Hove Albion. His career was interrupted in 2017, when a screening found that Goldson had a defect in his heart. He joined Rangers in 2018 under Steven Gerrard.

Aris Limassol FC
Aris Limassol (Greek: Άρης Λεμεσού) is a professional Cypriot football club based in Limassol and one of the founder members of Cyprus Football Association. The club's colours are green, black and white, and their home is the Alphamega Stadium. Founded in 1930, Aris Limassol is one of the most historic football clubs of Limassol.

The club also maintains teams in other sports including basketball, table tennis, darts, bowling and chess. The Aris chess team dominated Cypriot chess in the 1980s.
Downton Abbey: Original Music from the Television Series
Downton Abbey: Original Music from the Television Series is the first soundtrack that accompanied the ITV historical television series Downton Abbey. Composed by John Lunn and performed by the Chamber Orchestra of London, the album consists of 19 songs, mostly from the television score and three songs performed by Alfie Boe and Mary-Jess Leaverland. It was released on 19 September 2011 through Decca Records, a day after the second season's premiere.

Mary-Jess Leaverland
Mary-Jess Leaverland (born 28 March 1990), or simply Mary-Jess, is an English singer and songwriter who won Min Xing Chang Fan Tian (or in English: I Want to Sing to the Stars), the Chinese version of The X Factor,  which was televised to 70 million people in December 2009.
Savo dialects
The Savo dialects (also called Savonian dialects or Savo Finnish) (Finnish: Savolaismurteet) are forms of the Finnish language spoken in Savo and other parts of Eastern Finland. Finnish dialects are grouped broadly into Eastern and Western varieties; Savo dialects are of the Eastern variety.

Savo dialects are the most widely distributed Finnish dialect group (setting aside the higher-level east/west split mentioned above). They are spoken in Savo (both North and South Savo), but also in North Karelia, parts of Päijät-Häme, Central Finland, Kainuu, Koillismaa district of Northern Ostrobothnia, the lake section between Southern and Central Ostrobothnia as far north as Evijärvi and in the municipalities of Pudasjärvi and the Southern part of Ranua in Lapland. Also the language spoken by the Forest Finns in Värmland and Norwegian Hedmark of Central Scandinavia belonged to the old Savo dialects. The geographical area the Savo dialects cover makes up one-third the area of Finland.

Ranua
Ranua is a municipality of Finland. It is located in the southern part of the province of Lapland. The municipality has a population of 3,563 (30 June 2025) and covers an area of 3,694.79 square kilometres (1,426.57 sq mi) of which 241.09 km2 (93.09 sq mi) is water. The population density is 1.03 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.7/sq mi). The municipality is unilingually Finnish.

A two-man saw on the municipal coat of arms refers to the local forestry work and the wavy-lined fess to the region's waterways. The coat of arms was designed by Olof Eriksson, and the Ranua Municipal Council approved it at its meeting on June 23, 1959. The Ministry of the Interior confirmed the coat of arms for use on November 23 of the same year.
Culburra Beach
Culburra Beach, commonly referred to as Culburra, is a town located in the South Coast region of New South Wales, Australia. Located within the Shoalhaven local government area, the town is 18 kilometres (11 mi) east-southeast of Nowra on Jerrinja Wandi Wandian Aboriginal Country. At the 2021 census, the town had a population of 2,946 and is the regional centre for the coastal villages of Currarong, Callala Beach, Callala Bay and Orient Point.

Currarong, New South Wales
Currarong is a small coastal fishing and tourist village of 556 houses in the Shoalhaven area of New South Wales, Australia. At the 2021 census, Currarong had a permanent population of 479 (occupying 38 percent of dwellings). The village is a haven for fishermen, with several underwater rises where fish are abundant.
Upleward
Upleward (East Frisian Low Saxon: Plewert) is a village in the region of East Frisia, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is part of the municipality of Krummhörn. The village is located between Hamswehrum and Campen.

Upleward is built on a warft which has been inhabited since at least the Early Middle Ages. The village center consists of traditional single-family houses, built around the Gothic church from the 14th century. The church's narrow pointed arches are typical of the time.

In 2004, an iron dagger inscribed with the words "ANNA" and "HANA" was discovered in Upleward, dating back to 1450.

Campen, Germany
Campen is a village in the region of East Frisia, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is part of the municipality of Krummhörn.

Although Campen is only a small village, it still has two churches: the Reformed village church from the thirteenth century and the Old-Reformed church from 1905. Near the village is the Campen lighthouse. It was built in 1889 and has been in use since 1891. It is 65.3 meters high, making it the tallest lighthouse in Germany.

The village of Campen was first attested as Campe maiori in the 10th century.
FluBot
FluBot is a sophisticated SMS computer virus –specifically a banking Trojan– of global reach which aims to steal private data from Android smart phones. Unlike much malware, FluBot has proven exceptionally durable, coming in waves or "campaigns" with each redesign. It masquerades as innocuous messages such as missed calls and deliveries, asking the receiver to click links that download spyware. A variant, TeaBot, has infiltrated official app stores, including Google Play Store, in the guise of a QR-code reader.

16,000 reports of FluBot were reported to the Australian Competition & Consumer Commission's Scamwatch in Australia across eight weeks in 2021. Although coverage of FluBot primarily centres on Australia and New Zealand, the scam has also targeted European countries such as Germany and Poland in 2022 campaigns.

In May 2022, FluBot infrastructure was taken down in an operation involving 11 countries and it is not expected to resurge.

Spyware
Spyware (a portmanteau for spying software) is any malware  that aims to gather information about a person or organization and send it to another entity in a way that harms the user by violating their privacy, endangering their device's security, or other means. This behavior may be present in other malware and in legitimate software. Websites may engage in spyware behaviors like web tracking. Hardware devices may also be affected.

Spyware is frequently associated with advertising and involves many of the same issues. Because these behaviors are so common, and can have non-harmful uses, providing a precise definition of spyware is a difficult task.
Naval Aircraft Factory PN
The Naval Aircraft Factory PN was a series of open cockpit American flying boats of the 1920s and 1930s.  A development of the Felixstowe F5L flying boat of the World War I, variants of the PN were built for the United States Navy by Douglas, Keystone and Martin.

Glenn L. Martin Company
The Glenn L. Martin Company, also known as the Martin Company from 1917 to 1961, was an American aircraft and aerospace manufacturing company founded by aviation pioneer Glenn L. Martin. The Martin Company produced many important aircraft for the defense of the US and allies, especially during World War II and the Cold War. During the 1950s and 1960s, the Martin Company moved from the aircraft industry into the guided missile, space exploration, and space utilization industries.

In 1961, the Martin Company merged with American-Marietta Corporation, a large industrial conglomerate, forming the Martin Marietta corporation. In turn, Martin Marietta in 1995 merged with aerospace giant Lockheed Corporation to form the Lockheed Martin corporation.
Guru Tegh Bahadur Hospital
Guru Teg Bahadur Hospital (or GTBH or GTB Hospital) is a large hospital situated at Dilshad Garden, Shahdara, Delhi, India, and is affiliated to and acts as the teaching hospital of University College of Medical Sciences, University of Delhi.

GTBH was established in 1979 (fully functional in 1987) with a 350-bed capacity which has been expanded to 1700-beds. It is the first Delhi Government tertiary care hospital in the Trans-Yamuna area, catering to the East Delhi population as well as people from adjacent states.

Dilshad Garden
Dilshad Garden is a residential area of Shahdara district, which was planned and developed by Delhi Development Authority in the late 1970s and early 1980s. It falls under the both Shahdara and Seemapuri constituency of the legislative assembly. Thus, a part of Dilshad Garden falls under MLA of Seemapuri Vidhansabha Shri Veer Singh Dhingan and its other part falls under the MLA of Shahdara Vidhansabha Shri Sanjay Goyal.

Housing within Dilshad Garden is divided into several blocks starting from A to R and several pockets A to SG. Every block has its own market and parks. Most of the residential development is in the form of New Delhi Development Authority (DDA) flats.

The deer park is a public park. There is a weekly market at Dilshad Garden on Tuesdays.