hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs
Algorithms + Data Structures = Programs is a 1976 book written by Niklaus Wirth covering some of the fundamental topics of system engineering, computer programming, particularly that algorithms and data structures are inherently related. For example, if one has a sorted list one will use a search algorithm optimal for sorted lists.

The book is one of the most influential computer science books of its time and, like Wirth's other work, has been used extensively in education.

The Turbo Pascal compiler written by Anders Hejlsberg was largely inspired by the Tiny Pascal compiler in Niklaus Wirth's book.

Data structure
In computer science, a data structure is a data organization and storage format that is usually chosen for efficient access to data. More precisely, a data structure is a collection of data values, the relationships among them, and the functions or operations that can be applied to the data, i.e., it is an algebraic structure about data.
Hong Sung-mu
Hong Sung-mu (Korean: 홍승무, born 1 January 1942) is a North Korean nuclear weapons scientist and a Workers' Party of Korea (WPK) official working with North Korea's weapons of mass destruction and space programs. He is the deputy director of the party's Machine Building Industry Department (MBID) and plays a key part in the country's nuclear weapons program.

Hong rose to prominence after the 2011 death of Kim Jong Il and succession of Kim Jong Un, after which he has supervised various weapons tests, including the 2013 and January 2016 North Korean nuclear tests. Hong's involvement in weapons development has landed him on international sanctions lists.

January 2016 North Korean nuclear test
North Korea conducted its fourth nuclear detonation on 6 January 2016 at 10:00:01 UTC+08:30. At the Punggye-ri Nuclear Test Site, approximately 50 kilometres (30 miles) northwest of Kilju City in Kilju County, an underground nuclear test was carried out. The United States Geological Survey reported a 5.1 magnitude earthquake from the location; the China Earthquake Networks Center reported the magnitude as 4.9.

North Korean media announced that the country had successfully tested a hydrogen bomb in "self-defence against US". However, third-party experts as well as officials and agencies in South Korea questioned North Korea's claims and contend that the device was more likely to have been a fission bomb such as a boosted fission weapon. Such weapons use hydrogen fusion to produce smaller, lighter warheads suitable for arming a delivery device such as a missile, rather than to attain the destructive power of a true hydrogen bomb.
Short-tailed river stingray
The short-tailed river stingray (Potamotrygon brachyura) is a species of river stingray (family Potamotrygonidae) native to the Río de la Plata Basin in South America. It is sometimes known as the giant freshwater stingray, but this name is typically used for Urogymnus polylepis.

Growing to a disc diameter of about 1.9 m (6.2 ft) and a weight of 220 kg (485 lb 0 oz), with unconfirmed records of even larger specimens, the short-tailed river stingray is the largest freshwater species in its family and one of the heaviest strict freshwater fish in South America, only matched by the arapaima (Arapaima) and piraíba catfish (Brachyplatystoma filamentosum). The primary threat to the short-tailed river stingray is fishing for food and as a game fish (if not released), but it is also under pressure from habitat loss and occasionally caught for aquaria.

Río de la Plata Basin
The Río de la Plata basin (Spanish: Cuenca del Plata, Portuguese: Bacia do Prata), more often called the River Plate basin in scholarly writings, sometimes called the Platine basin or Platine region, is the 3,170,000-square-kilometre (1,220,000 sq mi) hydrographical area in South America that drains to the Río de la Plata. It includes areas of southeastern Bolivia, southern and central Brazil, the entire country of Paraguay, most of Uruguay, and northern Argentina. Making up about one fourth of the continent's surface, it is the second largest drainage basin in South America (after the Amazon basin) and one of the largest in the world.

The main rivers of the La Plata basin are the Paraná River, the Paraguay River (the Paraná's main tributary), and the Uruguay River.
Tovdal
Tovdal (historic: Lille Topdal) is a former municipality in the old Aust-Agder county in Norway. The 377-square-kilometre (146 sq mi) municipality existed from 1908 until its dissolution in 1967.  Tovdal municipality was made up of the valley surrounding the river Tovdalselva and since 1967 it has been a part of the present-day municipality of Åmli which is now in Agder county. The administrative centre of the municipality was the village of Hillestad where the Tovdal Church is located.

Tovdalselva
Tovdalselva (also known as the Tofdalselva, Tovdalsåna, Tovdalsåni, literally: the Tov valley river) is 143 kilometres (89 mi) long and is one of the longest rivers in Southern Norway. The river flows through Agder county from the mountains on the northeast side of the Setesdal valley in Valle municipality southwards, until it reaches the sea at the Tofdalsfjorden between Hamresanden and Kjevik in Kristiansand.  The upper reaches of the river include many lakes such as the Herefossfjorden and the Straumsfjorden (the largest lake on the river). It drains about 1,800 square kilometres (690 sq mi) in territory and the highest point in the watershed is 1,101 metres (3,612 ft) above sea level. The drainage basin includes parts or all of the following municipalities: Fyresdal, Valle, Bygland, Evje og Hornnes, Åmli, Froland, Grimstad, Birkenes, Iveland, Lillesand, and Kristiansand.
AkzoNobel
Akzo Nobel N.V., stylised as AkzoNobel, is a Dutch multinational company which creates paints and performance coatings for both industry and consumers worldwide. Headquartered in Amsterdam, the company has activities in more than 150 countries. AkzoNobel is the world's third-largest paint manufacturer by revenue after Sherwin-Williams and PPG Industries.

PPG Industries
PPG Industries, Inc. is an American supplier of paints, coatings, and specialty materials based in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It operates in more than 70 countries globally. A member of the Fortune 500, PPG is the second largest coatings company in the world by revenue, behind Sherwin-Williams. It is headquartered in PPG Place, an office and retail complex in downtown Pittsburgh, and is known for its glass facade designed by Postmodern architect Philip Johnson.
Fred Ridgeway
Frederick Gerrard Ridgeway (16 October 1953 – 12 November 2012) was an Irish-born stage and television actor. He began his professional life pursuing a career as a money broker, but at the age of 42, he decided to take up professional acting. He performed in a variety of stage productions across the UK, including several Richard Bean plays and a number of Royal Shakespeare Company productions. His final role was as Charlie Clench in One Man, Two Guvnors, which toured the UK as well as appearing in Broadway theatre. Prior to its Broadway run, Ridgeway was diagnosed with motor neurone disease, from which he died in November 2012.

One Man, Two Guvnors
One Man, Two Guvnors is a play by Richard Bean, an English adaptation of The Servant of Two Masters (Italian: Il servitore di due padroni), a 1743 commedia dell'arte-style comedy play by the Italian playwright, Carlo Goldoni. The play replaces the Italian period setting of the original with Brighton in 1963. The play opened at the National Theatre in 2011, toured in the UK, and then opened in the West End in November 2011, with a subsequent Broadway opening in April 2012. The second tour was launched six months later, playing the UK, Hong Kong, Australia, and New Zealand. The second UK production in London closed in March 2014, before a third tour of the UK began in May 2014.
Tommy Bianco
Thomas Anthony Bianco (born December 16, 1952) is an American former Major League Baseball third baseman for the Milwaukee Brewers. He was born in Rockville Centre, New York. He was a switch hitter and threw right handed.

Bianco was drafted by the Milwaukee Brewers as the 3rd overall pick in the 1st round of the 1971 draft. Bianco made his major league debut on May 28, 1975. He played 18 career games in Major League Baseball. He had 6 hits in 34 at bats (a .176 batting average) and no home runs or RBIs.

He currently is a hitting instructor at Dave Lemanczyk's baseball academy in Long Island, NY.

Dave Lemanczyk
David Lawrence Lemanczyk (/lʌˈmæntʃɪk/ luh-MAN-chik; born August 17, 1950) is an American former pitcher with an eight-year Major League Baseball career from 1973 to 1980. He played for the Detroit Tigers, Toronto Blue Jays and California Angels, all of the American League.
Montclair Film
Montclair Film is a nonprofit that organizes the annual Montclair Film Festival (MFF). The festival is held between mid- to late- October in Montclair, New Jersey. The festival showcases new works from American and international filmmakers. Films are programmed based on categories including: Fiction, Non-Fiction, World Cinema, Short, and Student Filmmaking.

Notable advisory board members include J.J. Abrams, Jonathan Alter, Stephen Colbert, Abigail Disney, Olympia Dukakis, Chiwetel Ejiofor, Emma Freud, Laura Linney, Jon Stewart, Julie Taymor, and Patrick Wilson.

Olympia Dukakis
Olympia Dukakis (June 20, 1931 – May 1, 2021) was an American actress. She performed in more than 130 stage productions, in some 60 films, and in approximately 50 television series. Best known as a screen actress, she started her career in theater. Not long after her arrival in New York City, she won an Obie Award for Best Actress in 1963 for her off-Broadway performance in Bertolt Brecht's Man Equals Man.

She later moved to film acting and won an Academy Award and a Golden Globe, among other accolades, for her performance in Moonstruck (1987). She received another Golden Globe nomination for Sinatra (1992) and Emmy Award nominations for Lucky Day (1991), More Tales of the City (1998) and Joan of Arc (1999). Dukakis's autobiography, Ask Me Again Tomorrow: A Life in Progress, was published in 2003. In 2018, a feature-length documentary about her life, titled Olympia, was released theatrically in the United States.
National Highway 9 (India)
National Highway 9 (NH 9) is a National Highway in India in east-west direction. It starts at Fazilka in Punjab and ends at Gori Ganga Bridge at Askot in Pithoragarh (Kumaun) District of Uttarakhand in Pithoragarh district in Uttarakhand. It passes through the states of Punjab, Haryana, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Uttarakhand. After renumbering of all national highways by National Highway Authority of India in 2010, the current NH 9 was formed by merging segments of five separate national highways in 2010; these were Old NH 10 (Fazilka-Delhi section), Old NH 24 (Delhi-Rampur section),  Old NH 87 (Rampur-Rudrapur section), Old NH 74 (Rudrapur-Sitarganj-Khatima section) and Old NH 125 (Tanakpur-Pithoragarh section).

Khatima
Khatima is a city and a municipal board in Udham Singh Nagar district in the Indian state of Uttarakhand.

Khatima is located at 28°55′N 79°58′E﻿ / ﻿28.92°N 79.97°E﻿ / 28.92; 79.97. It has an average elevation of 299 metres (980 feet).
National Path Party
The National Path Party (Turkish: Milli Yol Partisi; MİLLİ YOL) is a Turkish nationalist and national conservative political party in Turkey. A group within the Great Unity Party, dissatisfied with the party’s leadership and its support for the People's Alliance, split from the party and founded the National Path Party with 191 founding members. Having completed its nationwide organization, the National Path Party participated in the election held on May 14, 2023. Its chairman is Remzi Çayır.

Great Unity Party
The Great Unity Party (Turkish: Büyük Birlik Partisi, BBP) is a far-right Sunni Islamist and ultranationalist political party in Turkey. It was created on 29 January 1993 by Muhsin Yazıcıoğlu, who broke off from the Nationalist Task Party (predecessor of the modern MHP) after a quarrel with Alparslan Türkeş. The BBP's youth wing is the Alperen Hearths.
Khadra and the Southern Sinbad
Khadra and the Southern Sinbad (Arabic: خضرة والسندباد القبلي, transliterated as Khadra wa Sindibad el khebli) is an Egyptian musical comedy drama film released on December 2, 1952. The film is directed by El-Sayed Ziada, features a screenplay he has co-written with his brother Mahrous, and stars Kamal el-Shennawi, Doria Ahmed, Mahmoud el-Meliguy, Mahmoud Shokoko, and Hassan Fayek. The central character, Mohsen, becomes mentally ill when he learns of his daughter's death from his estate manager, Zaki. Zaki gets in trouble when he sees Khadra and kidnaps her, erroneously thinking her to be his long-lost cousin and Mohsen's daughter.

Mahmoud el-Meliguy
Mahmoud el-Meligy (Arabic: محمود المليجي, Maḥmoūd el-Meleygī; 22 December 1910 – 6 June 1983) was an Egyptian screenwriter and an actor of film, theater, and television. He started his career playing minor roles but achieved stardom in the late 1930s. A popular and award-winning actor, he has acted in hundreds of films and was famous for his evil, villain roles.
Oli Vilakku
Oli Vilakku (transl. Shining Lamp) is a 1968 Indian Tamil-language action film, directed by Tapi Chanakya and produced by S. S. Vasan. It is a remake of the Hindi-language film Phool Aur Patthar (1966). The film stars M. G. Ramachandran (in his 100th film), Jayalalithaa and Sowcar Janaki, with S. A. Ashokan, Manohar, Cho and V. S. Raghavan in supporting roles. It was released on 20 September 1968, and was one of the most successful Tamil films of the year, and became a turning point in Ramachandran's career.

In the film, a burglar rescues a widowed woman whose in-laws had left to die during an outbreak of plague. He is soon framed for kidnapping her by relatives who are after the woman's inheritance.

Sowcar Janaki
Sankaramanchi Janaki (born 12 December 1931), widely known as Sowcar Janaki, is an Indian actress known for her works in Telugu, Tamil, Malayalam and Kannada films. In a career spanning over seven decades, Janaki has appeared in nearly 400 films. She also performed on stage in over 300 shows and was a radio artist during her earlier years. She is the recipient of two Nandi Awards, a Kalaimamani, and India's fourth-highest civilian award, Padma Shri. Her younger sister, Krishna Kumari, was also a noted actress.

She was featured in the first Kannada pan-Indian film Mahishasura Mardini alongside Dr. Rajkumar, which was released in 1959, making her one of the first leading pan-Indian actresses.
Teddy Stankiewicz
Theodore J. Stankiewicz (born November 25, 1993) is a Mexican-American professional baseball pitcher for the Toros de Tijuana of the Mexican League. He was drafted by the Boston Red Sox in the 2nd round of the 2013 MLB draft and played in the 2020 Summer Olympics for the Mexico national baseball team. He has also played in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) for the Uni-President Lions and CTBC Brothers.

CTBC Brothers
The CTBC Brothers (Chinese: 中信兄弟) or simply Brothers are a professional baseball team in Taiwan. The team was originally established as an amateur team in 1984 by the Brother Hotel located in Taipei City, and later joined the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in 1989. Brother Hotel's chairman Hung Teng-sheng also acted as CPBL's secretary-general from 1987 to 1991. The Brothers are currently owned by CTBC Holding.

With its long history from the amateur era plus a successful marketing strategy and management, the team has long been one of the most popular Taiwanese baseball teams, winning the CPBL championship on ten occasions.

The team has always worn yellow uniforms. Its current home is in Taichung, with the home field at the Taichung Intercontinental Baseball Stadium.
Rúben Lameiras
Rúben Barcelos de Sousa Lameiras (born 22 December 1994) is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays for Al-Markhiya as a winger or attacking midfielder.

Formed at Tottenham Hotspur, he spent his early career in EFL League One, making 131 appearances and scoring 20 goals for Coventry City and Plymouth Argyle and winning the EFL Trophy with the former in 2017. From 2019, he played in the Primeira Liga for Famalicão, Vitória SC and Chaves and Casa Pia.

F.C. Famalicão
Futebol Clube de Famalicão, commonly known as Famalicão, is a Portuguese professional football club from Vila Nova de Famalicão. Founded on 21 August 1931, its senior team currently plays in the Primeira Liga, the top tier of Portuguese football.

Since 1952, Famalicão have played their home matches at the Estádio Municipal 22 de Junho, which holds a 5,186-seat capacity. The Famalicenses' most successful period of their history occurred in the early 1990s, where the club played four seasons in the Primeira Liga, between 1990 and 1994, counting now with seven Primeira Liga appearances. The club is owned by Quantum Pacific Group which also has 30% share of Atlético de Madrid.
Frederick J. Jackson
Frederick J. Jackson, also known professionally as Fred Jackson and Frederick Jackson and under the pseudonym Victor Thorne, (September 21, 1886 – May 22, 1953) was an American author, playwright, screenwriter, novelist, and producer for both stage and film. A prolific writer of short stories and serialized novels, most of his non-theatre works were published in pulp magazines such as Detective Story Magazine and Argosy. Many of these stories were adapted into films by other writers.

Jackson was also a productive screenwriter, penning more than 50 films between 1912 and 1946. He was the author of more than sixty plays. Over a forty-year span, a dozen of his plays were produced on Broadway, and he also had several other plays produced in London's West End. Many of his plays were turned into films; usually by other screenwriters.

Detective Story Magazine
Detective Story Magazine was an American magazine published by Street & Smith from October 15, 1915, to summer 1949 (1,057 issues).   It was one of the first pulp magazines devoted to detective fiction and consisted of short stories and serials.  While the publication was the publishing house's first detective-fiction pulp magazine in a format resembling a modern paperback (a "thick book" in dime novel parlance), Street & Smith had only recently ceased publication of the dime novel series Nick Carter Weekly, which concerned the adventures of a young detective.

From February 21, 1931 to its demise, the magazine was titled Street & Smith's Detective Story Magazine. During half of its 34-year life, the magazine was popular enough to support weekly issues. Ludwig Wittgenstein, the eminent philosopher, was among the magazine's  readership.
Peter Jackson (footballer, born 1937)
Peter Jackson (23 January 1937 – September 1991) was an English footballer whose career mirrored that of his twin brother David. Peter Jackson was a half back who started his career with his brother at Wrexham, where their father Peter senior was manager. The trio later teamed up at Bradford City, where the two brothers played a combined 449 league games. They also played together at Marine, Tranmere Rovers, Frickley Colliery, Altrincham and Hyde United. Peter died in September 1991, aged 54.

Marine A.F.C.
Marine Association Football Club is an English football club based in Crosby, Merseyside. The club, which was founded in 1894, is a member of both the Liverpool County and Lancashire County Football Associations, and currently plays in the National League North, the sixth tier of the English football league system.

Marine is also notable for having the longest-serving manager in postwar English football. Roly Howard occupied the post from 1972 to 2005 and oversaw a total of 1,975 games.
Lyton Mphande
Lyton Levison Mphande (born 14 May 1963) is a former Malawian lightweight and light-welterweight boxer. He received a bronze medal at the 1986 Commonwealth Games. He competed at the 1988 Summer Olympics, where he defeated Jhapat Singh Bhujel of Nepal before losing to Anthony Mwamba of Zambia.
He finished in ninth place.

Anthony Mwamba
Anthony Mwamba (8 August 1960 – 21 January 2021) was a Zambian boxer. He competed in the men's light welterweight event at the 1988 Summer Olympics. Mwamba won a bronze medal in the welterweight (67 kg) division at the 1990 Commonwealth Games. He died of COVID-19 during the pandemic in Zambia.
Los Cancajos
Los Cancajos is a small tourist resort in the Canarian island of La Palma. Its resident population is 713 (2013). It is located in the municipality of Breña Baja on the east coast of La Palma, between the island capital, Santa Cruz de La Palma, and La Palma Airport.

La Palma Airport
La Palma Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto de La Palma) (IATA: SPC, ICAO: GCLA) is an airport located in Breña Baja and Villa de Mazo, 8 km (5.0 mi) south of the city of Santa Cruz de La Palma on La Palma in the Canary Islands. It is operated by Aeropuertos Españoles y Navegación Aérea (AENA), who operate the majority of civil airports in Spain.

The airport is served mainly by Binter Canarias and CanaryFly with island-hopping flights from Tenerife and Gran Canaria, but there are flights to the main Europe cities and charter flights from mainland Europe such as Germany, United Kingdom, Scandinavia and the Netherlands. In 2018, the airport had 1,420,277 passengers in the 22,033 operations handled. Cargo traffic totalled 565 tonnes.
Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary, Belgrade
The Cathedral of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Serbian: Катедрала Блажене Девице Марије, romanized: Katedrala Blažene Device Marije) also called the Catholic Cathedral of Belgrade is since 1988 the cathedral church of the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Belgrade. It is located at 75 Hadži Milentijeva Street in the Belgrade's neighborhood of Neimar, in the municipality of Vračar.

The construction of the church began on 1938. It was halted by World War II in 1941, and continued only in 1987. The cathedral was consecrated in 1988, dedicated to Saint John of Capistrano and with the neighboring objects (old church from 1925, auxiliary edifices, etc.) makes the monastery complex known as the Marijanum, after the Virgin Mary (Marija in Serbian).

Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Belgrade
The Roman Catholic Archdiocese of Belgrade (Latin: Archidioecesis Belogradensis; Serbo-Croatian: Beogradska nadbiskupija; Slovene: Beograjska nadškofija; Hungarian: Belgrádi főegyházmegye) is an archdiocese located in the city of Belgrade in Serbia.
The Death of Superman (film)
The Death of Superman is a 2018 American animated superhero film produced by Warner Bros. Animation and DC Entertainment. It is based on the comic book storyline of the same name, the eleventh film of the DC Animated Movie Universe and the 34th film in the DC Universe Animated Original Movies line.

The film premiered at San Diego Comic-Con on July 20, 2018, and was released on July 24. It received a limited theatrical release by Fathom Events in January 2019. A sequel, Reign of the Supermen, was released on January 15, 2019.

Superman: Doomsday
Superman: Doomsday is a 2007 American animated superhero film adapted from the DC Comics storyline "The Death of Superman", which focuses on the death and return of the superhero Superman. Released by Warner Home Video, it is the first film of the DC Universe Animated Original Movies. The film received generally positive reviews from critics, and made $10 million in home media sales on a budget of $3.5 million.