hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Otomeyama Kofun
Otomeyama Kofun (乙女山古墳) is a burial mound from the Kofun period, located on the border of the Terato neighborhood of the town of  Kōryō and the Samita neighborhood of the town of Kawai, Nara Prefecture in the Kansai region of Japan. The tumulus was designated a National Historic Site of Japan in 1956. It is one of the burial mounds that make up the Umami Kofun cluster.

Kōryō, Nara
Kōryō (広陵町, Kōryō-chō) is a town located in Kitakatsuragi District, Nara Prefecture, Japan. As of 30 November 2024, the town had an estimated population of 35,035 in 14106 households, and a population density of 2100 persons per km2. The total area of the town is 8.23 km2 (3.18 sq mi). Kōryō served as a temporary capital of Japan from 640 to 642 AD.
Gimel function
In axiomatic set theory, the gimel function is the following function mapping cardinal numbers to cardinal numbers:

where cf denotes the cofinality function; the gimel function is used for studying the continuum function and the cardinal exponentiation function. The symbol  is a serif form of the Hebrew letter gimel.

Cofinality
In mathematics, especially in order theory, the cofinality cf(A) of a partially ordered set A is the least of the cardinalities of the cofinal subsets of A. Formally,

This definition of cofinality relies on the axiom of choice, as it uses the fact that every non-empty set of cardinal numbers has a least member. The cofinality of a partially ordered set A can alternatively be defined as the least ordinal x such that there is a function from x to A with cofinal image. This second definition makes sense without the axiom of choice. If the axiom of choice is assumed, as will be the case in the rest of this article, then the two definitions are equivalent.

Cofinality can be similarly defined for a directed set and is used to generalize the notion of a subsequence in a net.
Creig Flessel
Creig Valentine Flessel (February 2, 1912 – July 17, 2008) was an American comic book artist and an illustrator and cartoonist for magazines ranging from Boys' Life to Playboy. One of the earliest comic book illustrators, he was a 2006 nominee for induction into the comics industry's Will Eisner Hall of Fame.

More Fun Comics
More Fun Comics, originally titled New Fun: The Big Comic Magazine, is a 1935–1947 American comic book anthology that introduced several major superhero characters and was the first American comic book series to feature solely original material rather than reprints of newspaper comic strips. It was also the first publication of National Allied Publications, the company that would become DC Comics.
Hatches Creek wolfram field
Hatches Creek wolfram field was an active wolfram, also known as tungsten, mining centre in Australia that first operated between 1915 and 1957 before being abandoned. Mining activities recommenced in 2019. Located on the Barkly Tableland in the Northern Territory, it is 375 kilometres (233 mi) northeast of Alice Springs.

It is on the lands of the Alyawarre, Kaytetye, and Warumungu peoples.

Wolframite
Wolframite is an iron, manganese, and tungstate mineral with a chemical formula of (Fe,Mn)WO4 that is the intermediate mineral between ferberite (Fe2+ rich) and hübnerite (Mn2+ rich). Along with scheelite, the wolframite series are the most important tungsten ore minerals. Wolframite is found in quartz veins and pegmatites associated with granitic intrusives. Associated minerals include cassiterite, scheelite, bismuth, quartz, pyrite, galena, sphalerite, and arsenopyrite.

This mineral was historically found in Europe in Bohemia, Saxony, and in the UK in Devon and Cornwall. China reportedly has the world's largest supply of tungsten ore with about 60%. Other producers are Spain, Canada, Portugal, Russia, Australia, Thailand, South Korea, Rwanda, Bolivia, the United States, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
DeeDee Jonrowe
DeeDee Ann Jonrowe (née Stout;  born December 20, 1953) is an American kennel owner and dog musher who is a three-time runner up in the Iditarod Trail Sled Dog Race. She is a very popular figure in the sport, and her completion of the 1,049-mile+ (1,600+ km) race in 2003 just three weeks after completing chemotherapy for breast cancer received widespread publicity.

Lew Freedman
Lew Freedman (born 1951) is a sportswriter and former sports editor of the Anchorage Daily News in Alaska and The Republic in Columbus, Indiana. He has worked on the staffs of the Chicago Tribune, Philadelphia Inquirer, and Florida Times-Union, and has authored numerous books.
The Soul of All Natural Things
The Soul of All Natural Things is the second studio album by American singer Linda Perhacs, released by Asthmatic Kitty Records in 2014. Produced by Chris Price and Fernando Perdomo, the album was released 44 years after her debut album Parallelograms in 1970.

Parallelograms (album)
Parallelograms is an album by American psychedelic folk singer Linda Perhacs. It was produced by Leonard Rosenman. The album was largely ignored when originally released on Kapp Records in 1970. Discouraged by the lack of commercial attention and the label's reluctance to promote the album, Perhacs returned to her career as a dental hygienist.
Tobacco 21
Tobacco 21 is a campaign to prevent youth tobacco use in the United States, primarily through laws that raise the minimum legal age to purchase tobacco and nicotine in the United States to 21. It also refers to various federal, state, and local laws based on Tobacco 21's model policy, raising the minimum sales age to 21.

Needham, Massachusetts
Needham (/ˈniːdəm/ NEED-əm) is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States. A suburb of Boston, its population was 32,091 in the 2020 U.S. Census. It is the home of Olin College of Engineering. It’s also home to 4 commuter rail stations along the Needham Line.
Quick succession relief
Quick succession relief in the United Kingdom applies where there are two charges of Inheritance tax within five years. This acts as a tax shelter. This is governed by the IHTA.

Inheritance tax is normally chargeable on the death estate when an individual dies. The death estate is the sum of assets less allowable debts and funeral expenses. Allowable debts are those incurred for full consideration and those imposed by law, such as taxes.

Both the substantial law and calculation are somewhat difficult.

Inheritance tax
International tax law distinguishes between an estate tax and an inheritance tax. An inheritance tax is a tax paid by a person who inherits money or property of a person who has died, whereas an estate tax is a levy on the estate (money and property) of a person who has died. However, this distinction is not always observed; for example, the UK's "inheritance tax" is a tax on the assets of the deceased, and strictly speaking is therefore an estate tax. Inheritance taxes vary widely between countries.
Statewide football in Tasmania
Statewide Australian rules football competition has been played in Tasmania, Australia under the umbrella of the Tasmanian Football League from 1986–1998, Football Tasmania from 1999–2000 until the competition was disbanded in December 2000 and AFL Tasmania from 2009 when a new ten-club competition, this time known as the Tasmanian State League, was formed.

Clarence Football Club
The Clarence Football Club, nicknamed the Kangaroos, is an Australian rules football club playing in the Southern Football League, based in Bellerive, Tasmania. Before 1947, they existed as Bellerive Football Club.

The Club play their home games at  Ninja Stadium  (formerly Bellerive Oval And Blundstone Arena), Hobart's Test Cricket ground, they share the facilities with Tasmania's cricket team, the Tasmanian Tigers.
George D. W. Smith
George David William Smith FRS, FIMMM, FInstP, FRSC, CEng (b. 1943, in Aldershot, Hampshire) is a materials scientist with special interest in the study of the microstructure, composition and properties of engineering materials at the atomic level. He invented, together with Alfred Cerezo and Terry Godfrey, the Atom-Probe Tomograph in 1988.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Chemistry (FRSC) is one of the most prestigious awards conferred by the Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC) in the United Kingdom. Existing Fellows include award winning scientists and Nobel prize winners.
Feline hyperaldosteronism
Feline hyperaldosteronism is a disease in cats. The symptoms are caused by abnormally high concentrations of the hormone aldosterone,  which is secreted by the adrenal gland. The high concentrations of aldosterone may be due directly to a disorder of the adrenal gland (primary hyperaldosteronism), or due to something outside of the adrenal gland causing it to secrete excessive aldosterone (secondary hyperaldosteronism).

Mineralocorticoid receptor
The mineralocorticoid receptor (or MR, MLR, MCR), also known as the aldosterone receptor or nuclear receptor subfamily 3, group C, member 2,  (NR3C2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NR3C2 gene that is located on chromosome 4q31.1-31.2.

MR is a receptor with equal affinity for mineralocorticoids and glucocorticoids. It belongs to the nuclear receptor family where the ligand diffuses into cells, interacts with the receptor and results in a signal transduction affecting specific gene expression in the nucleus. The selective response of some tissues and organs to mineralocorticoids over glucocorticoids occurs because mineralocorticoid-responsive cells express Corticosteroid 11-beta-dehydrogenase isozyme 2, an enzyme which selectively inactivates glucocorticoids more readily than mineralocorticoids.
Omicron Gruis
ο Gruis, Latinised as Omicron Gruis, is a binary or triple star system in the southern constellation of Grus. It is faintly visible to the naked eye with an apparent visual magnitude of 5.52. Based upon an annual parallax shift of 32.50 mas as seen from the Earth, the system is located 100 light years from the Sun.

The pair form a close spectroscopic binary system with a physical separation of about 14.9 astronomical units. The primary component is an F-type main sequence star with a stellar classification of F4 V, a star that is currently fusing its core hydrogen. It is a probable delta scuti variable showing periodicities of 4.7 and 5.5 cycles per day with amplitudes of 0.014 and 0.011 magnitudes, respectively. The secondary companion is a red dwarf with a mass of about 0.3 solar, suggesting a class of M3/M4. Ehrenreich et al. (2010) noted the detection of a tertiary companion that is not causing the detected radial velocity shifts which would make this a triple star system.

F-type main-sequence star
An F-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence, core-hydrogen-fusing star of spectral type F. The spectral luminosity class is V. They have from around 1.1 to 1.6 times the mass of the Sun and surface temperatures between about 6,000 and 7,200 K. This temperature range gives the F-type stars a whitish hue when observed through the atmosphere. Notable examples include Procyon A, Gamma Virginis A and B, and Tabby's Star.
FIFA 11
FIFA 11, titled FIFA Soccer 11 in North America, is a football simulation video game developed by EA Canada and published by Electronic Arts worldwide under the EA Sports label. It was released on 28 September 2010 in North America, 30 September 2010 in Australia, and 1 October 2010 in Europe for all platforms, except the Wii and Nintendo DS. The Wii version was released on 1 October 2010 in North America and Europe and the DS version on 8 October 2010. The Windows version of FIFA 11 is the first in the series to use the same game engine as the PlayStation 3 and Xbox 360 versions. The game received positive reviews and was awarded 'Sports Game of the Year' at the Golden Joystick Awards after a record-breaking 2.05 million votes. This was the last FIFA title to be released for the Nintendo DS.

EA Vancouver
EA Vancouver (formerly known as EA Burnaby, then EA Canada) is a Canadian video game developer located in Burnaby, British Columbia. The development studio opened as Distinctive Software in January 1983, and is also Electronic Arts's largest and oldest studio. EA Vancouver employs approximately 1,300 people, and houses the world's largest video game test operation. It is best known for developing a lot of EA Sports and EA Sports BIG titles, including EA Sports FC (formerly FIFA), NHL, SSX, NBA Street, NFL Street,  EA Sports UFC, and FIFA Street titles, as well as a number of NBA Live and NCAA Basketball titles between 1994 and 2009.
River Lochy
The River Lochy flows southwest along the Great Glen from Loch Lochy to Loch Linnhe at Fort William in the West Highlands of Scotland. Its two major tributaries are the short River Arkaig which drains Loch Arkaig into Loch Lochy and the River Spean which enters on its left bank at Gairlochy.
The A830 road crosses the Lochy near its junction with the A82 road by means of the Victoria or Lochy Bridge just northeast of Fort William and the river is bridged again east of Gairlochy by the B8004 road. The only other crossing of the Lochy is a combined rail and foot bridge 500 metres (1,600 ft) downstream from Victoria Bridge. This span takes the West Highland Line between Fort William and Mallaig and carries the Great Glen Way national trail.

A830 road
The A830, also known as the Road to the Isles (though it forms only a part of the historic route) is a major road in Lochaber, Scottish Highlands. It connects the town of Fort William to the port of Mallaig.
Picton Monument, Carmarthen
The Picton Monument in Carmarthen, Wales, is one of a number of memorials commemorating Lieutenant General Sir Thomas Picton. He was the highest ranking British officer to die at the Battle of Waterloo in 1815. 
Picton was from Haverfordwest, Pembrokeshire. At the time of his death he had a property called Iscoed in Carmarthenshire.

The current limestone monument, which is Grade II listed, was erected in 1847, replacing an earlier structure in the town, designed by John Nash, which was weathering badly.

Iscoed
Iscoed, Ferryside, Carmarthenshire, Wales is a ruined eighteenth century mansion attributed to the architect Anthony Keck.  Constructed for Sir William Mansel in 1772, it was purchased by the Napoleonic general Sir Thomas Picton as an incomplete shell in 1812.  The house remained the property of the Picton family until the end of the First World War.  Used subsequently as council housing, it has been empty since the 1950s, and is now a derelict shell.  The house is Grade II listed.
Tanks of the United States
The United States has produced tanks since their inception in World War I, up until the present day. While there were several American experiments in tank design, the first American tanks to see service were copies of French light tanks and a joint heavy tank design with the United Kingdom.

In the interwar period there was reduced development due to the low expenditure on war material following the US non-interventionist policy and the financial position.

In World War II, the US came to the fore with tanks designed for mass production and reliability reflecting the US position as the "arsenal of democracy".

The U.S. has been greatly influential in the design philosophy, production and doctrine of tanks, and has been responsible for some of the most successful tank designs.

Medium tank
A medium tank is a classification of tanks, particularly prevalent during World War II, which represented a compromise between the mobility oriented light tanks and the armour and armament oriented heavy tanks. A medium tank's classification is not based on weight, but on tactical usage and intended purpose; for instance the German Panzerkampfwagen V Panther medium tank has a mass similar to contemporary Allied heavy tanks. The most widely produced, cost effective and successful tanks of World War II (the German Panzer IV, the Soviet T-34, and the American M4 Sherman) were all medium tank designs. Many of the medium tank lines became what are called main battle tanks in most countries.
Flamiche
Flamiche (French: [fla.miʃ] ⓘ) is a French savoury pastry, originating in north-west France. It dates to medieval times and originally was a kind of galette, but in its modern version is a tart made with leeks and cream.

Prosper Montagné
Prosper Montagné (pronounced [pʁɔspɛʁ mɔ̃taɲe]; born Paul Marius Octave Prosper on 14 November 1865 – 22 April 1948), was a French chef of the Belle Époque and a culinary writer. He wrote books and articles on food, cooking, and gastronomy, including Larousse Gastronomique (1938), an encyclopedic dictionary about French culinary arts.

Montagné was one of the most influential French chefs of the early twentieth century. In the 1920s, he, his friend Auguste Escoffier, and Philéas Gilbert (their close friend and collaborator, and an acclaimed chef and writer), were the French chefs and culinary writers esteemed above others by many French journalists and writers. After Montagné's death, the chef and author Alfred Guérot's description of the troika as the "celebrated contemporary culinary trinity: Auguste Escoffier, the father; Philéas Gilbert, the son; Prosper Montagné, the spirit" reflects the reverence in which all three were held by the French culinary community.
Münchwald
Münchwald is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde of Rüdesheim, whose seat is in the municipality of Rüdesheim an der Nahe. Münchwald is a state-recognized tourism community (Fremdenverkehrsort), and with a founding date going back only as far as the time around 1700, it is also one of the district's newest municipalities.

Bad Kreuznach (district)
Bad Kreuznach (German: [baːt ˈkʁɔʏtsnax]) is a district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Rhein-Hunsrück, Mainz-Bingen, Alzey-Worms, Donnersbergkreis, Kusel and Birkenfeld.
Beausale
Beausale is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Beausale, Haseley, Honiley and Wroxall, in the Warwick district of Warwickshire, England, north-west of Warwick. According to the 2001 Census it had a population of 202. On 1 April 2007 the parish was abolished to form "Beausale, Haseley, Honiley and Wroxall".

Warwick
Warwick (/ˈwɒrɪk/ WORR-ik) is a market town, civil parish and the county town of Warwickshire in the Warwick District in England, adjacent to the River Avon. It is 9 miles (14 km) south of Coventry, and 19 miles (31 km) south-east of Birmingham. It is adjoined with Leamington Spa and Whitnash.

Warwick has ancient origins and an array of historic buildings, notably from the Medieval, Stuart and Georgian eras. It was a major fortified settlement from the early Middle Ages, the most notable relic of this period being Warwick Castle, a major tourist attraction. Much was destroyed in the Great Fire of Warwick in 1694 and then rebuilt with fine 18th century buildings, such as the Collegiate Church of St Mary and the Shire Hall. The population was estimated at 36,665 at the 2021 Census.
Galleting
Galleting, sometimes known as garreting or garneting, is an architectural technique in which spalls (small pieces of stone) are pushed into wet mortar joints during the construction of a masonry building.  The term comes from the French word galet, which means "pebble."  In general, the word "galleting" refers to the practice while the word "gallet" refers to the spall. Galleting was mostly used in England, where it was common in South East England and the county of Norfolk.

Masonry
Masonry is the craft of building a structure with brick, stone, or similar material, including mortar plastering, which are often laid in, bound, and pasted together by mortar. The term masonry can also refer to the building units (stone, brick, etc.) themselves.

The common materials of masonry construction are bricks and building stone; rocks such as marble, granite, and limestone; cast stone, concrete blocks, glass blocks, and adobe. Masonry is generally a highly durable form of construction. However, the materials used, the quality of the mortar and workmanship, and the pattern in which the units are assembled can substantially affect the durability of the overall masonry construction.

A person who constructs masonry is called a mason or bricklayer, or in some places colloquially a "brickie". These are both classified as construction trades.
Violetta (TV series)
Violetta is an Argentine telenovela filmed in Buenos Aires, Argentina and developed by Disney Channel Latin America and Europe, Middle East and Africa (EMEA) and production company Pol-ka, debuted in Argentina, Latin America and Italy on 14 May 2012.

Violetta tells the story of a musically talented teenager (played by Martina Stoessel) who returns to her native Argentina with her father, Germán (played by Diego Ramos), after living in Europe for several years, navigating the trials and tribulations of growing up.

Each episode includes original musical numbers from diverse musical genres such as pop music and Latin music.

Disney Channel (United Kingdom and Ireland)
Disney Channel was a children's pay television channel that operated in the UK and Ireland from 1 October 1995 to 1 October 2020 as the variant of the namesake American television channel. It was owned and operated by The Walt Disney Company Limited, the EMEA arm of the Walt Disney Company and served audiences under age 18 in the region. During its operation, Disney Channel was supported by a one-hour timeshift channel, Disney Channel +1, which was available on Sky and Virgin Media.
Tulare County shootings
A shooting spree began in farming country near Exeter, California on December 16, 2018, when a man with a gun began shooting at random people, and continued to do so throughout Tulare County for 24 hours. Three people, including the shooter, died. Seven others were injured.

The case attracted national attention in the U.S. because the shooter was a convicted felon who had served time in American prisons and had reentered the country illegally for a third time, following deportations in 2004 and 2014. The shooting reignited debate over California Sanctuary Law SB54 because the U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement requested the Tulare County sheriff's office to hold him in detention, but the Sheriff was unable to do so under the California Sanctuary Law. The shooting spree began shortly after the shooter was released.

Tulare County, California
Tulare County (/tʊˈlɛəri/ ⓘ tuu-LAIR-ee) is a county located in the U.S. state of California. As of the 2020 census, the population was 473,117. The county seat is Visalia. The county is named for Tulare Lake, once the largest freshwater lake west of the Great Lakes. Drained for agricultural development, the site is now in Kings County, which was created in 1893 from the western portion of the formerly larger Tulare County.

Tulare County comprises the Visalia-Porterville, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. The county is located south of Fresno, spanning from the San Joaquin Valley east to the Sierra Nevada.

Sequoia National Park is located in the county, as is part of Kings Canyon National Park, in its northeast corner (shared with Fresno County), and part of Mount Whitney, on its eastern border (shared with Inyo County). As of the 2020 census, the population was 473,117, up from 442,179 at the 2010 census.