hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Merlin O'Neill
Merlin O'Neill (30 October 1898 – 1 March 1981) served as the tenth Commandant of the United States Coast Guard from 1 January 1950 to 1 June 1954.

Born in North Kenova, Ohio, in 1898, O'Neill was commissioned in the United States Coast Guard in 1921.  He served on a number of vessels, including his first command, the USS Ericsson.  In 1927, he began a three-year period as an instructor at the United States Coast Guard Academy before returning to sea in command of the USCGC Monaghan, in 1930.  From 1935, he held a number of positions at Coast Guard Headquarters.  During World War II he participated in Allied amphibious landings in Morocco and Sicily.  He served as Assistant Commandant from 1946 until his appointment as Commandant of the Coast Guard in 1950 and retired in 1954 with the rank of admiral.

USS Monaghan (DD-32)
The first USS Monaghan (DD-32) was a modified Paulding-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War I and later in the United States Coast Guard, designated (CG-15). She was named for Ensign John R. Monaghan.

Monaghan was laid down on 1 June 1910 by Newport News Shipbuilding Company, Newport News, Virginia; launched on 18 February 1911; sponsored by Mrs. F. J. Gavin, sister of Ensign Monaghan; and commissioned on 21 June 1911, Lieutenant Commander W. P. Cronan in command.
Kentucky Route 676
Kentucky Route 676 (KY 676) is a Kentucky State Highway located almost entirely within the city limits of Frankfort. The four-lane divided highway is locally known as the East–West Connector.

Because Frankfort is bisected by the steep gorge of the Kentucky River, east–west transportation through the city was historically a challenge. The road was built mainly to divert local traffic between the two sides of Frankfort from congested and sometimes hazardous local streets. Its western terminus is at US 127 on the west side of Frankfort, just north of that road's interchange with Interstate 64. The road steeply descends to the river, briefly exiting the city limits just before it crosses the river in unincorporated Franklin County. Immediately after crossing the river, the road reenters Frankfort and ascends toward Its eastern terminus at a single-point urban interchange with US 60 and US 421.

Single-point urban interchange
A single-point urban interchange (SPUI, /ˈspuːi/ SPOO-ee or /ˈspjuːi/ SPEW-ee), also called a single-point interchange (SPI) or single-point diamond interchange (SPDI), is a type of highway interchange. The design was created in order to help move large volumes of traffic through limited amounts of space efficiently.
William Taramai
William Taramai (born 23 April 1961) is a Cook Islander sprinter and middle-distance runner. He is one of the first Cook Islander Olympians and was designated as the first flag bearer for the Cook Islands at any edition of the Olympic Games.

At the 1988 Summer Olympics, he had competed in the heats of the men's 800 metres. In his heat, he had placed last. He was also set to compete in the men's 400 metres though did not start in his event.

Athletics at the 1988 Summer Olympics – Men's 800 metres
The men's 800 metres at the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, South Korea had an entry list of 70 competitors from 53 nations, with nine qualifying heats (70), four second-round races (32) and two semifinals (16), before the final (8) took off on Monday September 26, 1988. The maximum number of athletes per nation had been set at 3 since the 1930 Olympic Congress. The event was won by 0.35 seconds by Paul Ereng of Kenya, the first time a Kenyan runner had won the 800 metres; the nation had previously taken silver in 1968 and bronze in 1964 and 1972. Joaquim Cruz of Brazil did not defend his 1984 gold, finishing second; the silver medal made him the ninth man to win two medals in the event. Saïd Aouita took bronze, Morocco's first medal in the men's 800 metres.
Battle of Wana Camp
The Battle of Wana Camp was a battle on 3 November 1894 between rebel Mahsud tribesmen and a British colonial frontier force stationed in Wana, on the northwestern frontier of the British Raj. The battle began a campaign of offensive actions by British forces in Waziristan to reduce the strength of Mahsud tribes within the area.

Wana, Pakistan
Wāṇa or Wanna (Pashto: واڼه, romanized: wāṇa [ˈwɑɳə]; Urdu: وانا, lit. 'vānā' [ˈʋɑːnɑː]) is the largest town in the South Waziristan District of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. Wana had been the summer headquarters for the administration of South Waziristan Agency, while the city of Tank located in the neighbouring Tank District had been the winter headquarters of the agency.

The town of Wana is also the headquarters of Wana Tehsil which is one of the three subdivisions of South Waziristan along with Ladha and Sarwakai.
Valet will ich dir geben
"Valet will ich dir geben" is a Lutheran hymn written by Valerius Herberger in 1613. It is a Sterbelied (hymn for the dying). The text was published with two hymn tunes by Melchior Teschner, Zahn Nos. 5403 and 5404a, in 1615. The second of these melodies was used in compositions such as chorale preludes by Johann Sebastian Bach and Max Reger. Bach used single stanzas in vocal works, including his St John Passion.

Catherine Winkworth made a metrical translation to "Farewell I Gladly Bid Thee" which also appeared with the second tune as No. 137 in The Chorale Book for England in 1865.

Max Reger
Johann Baptist Joseph Maximilian Reger (19 March 1873 – 11 May 1916) was a German composer, pianist, organist, conductor, and academic teacher. He worked as a concert pianist, a musical director at the Leipzig University Church, a professor at the Royal Conservatory in Leipzig, and a music director at the court of George II, Duke of Saxe-Meiningen.

Reger first composed mainly Lieder, chamber music, choral music and works for piano and organ. He later turned to orchestral compositions, such as the popular Variations and Fugue on a Theme by Mozart (1914), and to works for choir and orchestra such as Gesang der Verklärten (1903), Der 100. Psalm (1909), Der Einsiedler and the Hebbel Requiem (both 1915).
Percy Hutton
William Frederick Percy Hutton (2 October 1876 – 1 October 1951), known as Percy Hutton, was an Australian cricketer who played a single first-class match for South Australia during the 1905–06 Sheffield Shield season. A wicket-keeper, he was only to keep wicket for a small portion of the game, after being injured early. Later in life, Hutton also won golf and lawn bowls tournaments, including some national events in the latter sport. Outside of sports, he was prominent in South Australian agricultural circles, holding a position with the Australian Wheat Board. He was also a councillor for the City of Unley.

AWB Limited
AWB Limited was a major grain marketing organisation based in Australia. Founded in 1939 by the Government of Australia as the Australian Wheat Board, in 1999 it became a private company, owned by wheat growers. It was acquired by Agrium in 2010.
Hawa Ghasia
Hawa Abdulrahman Ghasia (born 10 January 1966) is a Tanzanian politician belonging to the ruling Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) party and a three-term Member of Parliament for Mtwara Rural constituency since 2005. She is the former Minister of State in the Prime Minister's Office for Regional Administration and Local Government.

Prime Minister of Tanzania
The prime minister of Tanzania is the leader of government business in the National Assembly of Tanzania. The position is subordinated to the president of Tanzania, who is the actual head of government.

The functions and powers of the prime minister are described in the Constitution of Tanzania:

Article 52
The Prime Minister shall have authority over the control, supervision and execution of the day-to-day functions and affairs of the Government of the United Republic.
The Prime Minister shall be the Leader of Government Business in the National Assembly.
In the exercise of his authority, the Prime Minister shall perform or cause to be performed any matter or matters which the President directs to be done.

The incumbent prime minister, Mwigulu Nchemba was appointed by president Samia Suluhu Hassan and took the office on 13 November 2025.
Ullsten cabinet
The cabinet of Ola Ullsten (Swedish: Regeringen Ullsten) was the cabinet and Government of Sweden from 18 October 1978 to 12 October 1979.

The cabinet was a single-party minority government consisting of the Liberal People's Party. The cabinet was led by Prime Minister Ola Ullsten who was asked to form a minority government by the Speaker of the Riksdag after several failed attempts to form an active/inactive majority cabinet. The cabinet was the first cabinet consisting only of the Liberal People's Party since 1932 and is also the only one since then (as of March 2025).

The cabinet resigned on 12 October 1979 following the 1979 general election to make way for a coalition majority government led by Thorbjörn Fälldin. The cabinet was succeeded by Thorbjörn Fälldin's Second Cabinet.

Fälldin II cabinet
The second cabinet of Thorbjörn Fälldin (Swedish: Regeringen Fälldin II) was the cabinet and Government of Sweden from 12 October 1979 to 22 May 1981.

The cabinet was a coalition majority government consisting of the Centre Party, the Liberal People's Party and the Moderate Party. The cabinet was led by Prime Minister Thorbjörn Fälldin of the Centre Party who had led his party to a second victory in the 1979 general election. Thorbjörn Fälldin had previously been Prime Minister of Sweden from 1976 until his first cabinet resigned in October 1978 following a vote of confidence.

The cabinet resigned on 5 May 1981 (but stayed in office until 22 May 1981) following the withdrawal of the Moderate Party. The cabinet was succeeded by Thorbjörn Fälldin's Third Cabinet.
EKF Diagnostics
EKF Diagnostics (Entwicklung, Konstruktion und Fertigung) is a publicly listed Healthcare company founded 1990 in Barleben, Germany and currently headquartered in Cardiff, Wales, UK.

EKF Diagnostics specialises in the development, manufacture and distribution of point of care analysers for hemoglobin, HbA1c, glucose, lactate as well as a range of clinical chemistry products and biomarker-based ELISA & rapid tests, a result of EKF Diagnostics' acquisition of Stanbio and Argutus Medical. EKF Diagnostics has nine sites in six countries and employs 295 people as of 31 December 2011.

Analyser
An analyser (British English) or analyzer (American English; see spelling differences) is a tool used to analyse data. For example, a gas analyser tool is used to analyse gases. It examines the given data and tries to find patterns and relationships. An analyser can be a piece of hardware or software.

Autoanalysers are machines that perform their work with little human involvement.
MoonLITE
The Moon Lightweight Interior and Telecoms Experiment (MoonLITE), was a proposed British space mission to explore the Moon and develop techniques for future space exploration. If funded, it would have been built by a consortium of UK industry likely including Surrey Satellite Technology, and it was planned to be launched into lunar orbit in 2014. The mission concept emerged from a study run by the Particle Physics and Astronomy Research Council (now the Science and Technology Facilities Council) in 2006. In December 2008, the British National Space Centre (part of the UK Space Agency since April 2010) announced that the project was moving to a 12-month Phase A study of the mission systems and the planned penetrators.

Science and Technology Facilities Council
The Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) is a council of UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), a non-departmental public body sponsored by the Department for Science, Innovation and Technology, that carries out research in science and engineering, and funds UK research in areas including particle physics, nuclear physics, space science and astronomy (both ground-based and space-based).
Kyeru
Kyeru (Korean: 계루; Hanja: 桂婁) was an ancient Korean city-state that formed within the former realm of Gojoseon. Ruled by the Kyeru clan (계루부; 桂婁部), it later became a member of the confederation of Jolbon together with Sono, Jeolno, Sun-no, and Gwan-no, and was given to King Dongmyeong. A number of the members of the Go clan in the Kyeru lineage became kings of Goguyreo, including King Yuri and King Taejo, the second and sixth kings, respectively.

Cholbon
Cholbon (Korean: 졸본; Hanja: 卒本) was the first capital of Goguryeo, which arose in the north of the Korean Peninsula. Cholbon is thought to have been in modern Wunü Mountain, Liaoning province of China. Cholbon was also known by the names of Heulseunggol-seong in the Book of Wei and Holbon in the Gwanggaeto Stele.

In 37 BC, Jumong had fled from Dongbuyeo to avoid death at the hands of Dongbuyeo's Crown Prince Daeso, who presented great jealousy towards Jumong. After he fled, Jumong established a new kingdom in 37 BC called Goguryeo in the Holbon region. In Cholbon, he married Soseono (or So Seo-no), who was the daughter of a local tribal leader.

Cholbon was the first capital city of the ancient Korean Kingdom of Goguryeo from 37 BC – 3 AD. The second ruler, the son of Jumong, Yuri, moved its capital to Gungnae Fortress.
Beat (acoustics)
In acoustics, a beat is an interference pattern between two sounds of slightly different frequencies, perceived as a periodic variation in volume, the rate of which is the difference of the two frequencies.

With tuning instruments that can produce sustained tones, beats can be readily recognized. Tuning two tones to a unison will present a peculiar effect: when the two tones are close in pitch but not identical, the difference in frequency generates the beating. The volume varies as in a tremolo while the sounds alternately interfere constructively and destructively. As the two tones gradually approach unison, the beating slows down and may become so slow as to be imperceptible. As the two tones get further apart, their beat frequency begins approaching the range of human pitch perception, the beating starts to sound like a note, and a combination tone is produced.

Unison
In music, unison is two or more musical parts that sound either the same pitch or pitches separated by intervals of one or more octaves, usually at the same time. Rhythmic unison is another term for homorhythm.
Meila Brewer
Meila Madison Brewer (born March 24, 2009) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a center back for the Kansas City Current of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She played one season of college soccer for the UCLA Bruins. She represented the United States at the 2025 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup.

2025 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup
The 2025 FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup (Arabic: كأس العالم للسيدات تحت 17 سنة المغرب 2025; French: Coupe du Monde Féminine U-17 de la FIFA Maroc 2025) was the 9th edition of the FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup, the international women's youth football championship contested by the under-17 national teams of the member associations of FIFA. It was hosted by Morocco from 17 October to 8 November 2025. This was the first FIFA U-17 Women's World Cup to be held in Africa and the second Arab country to host it after Jordan in 2016. It was also the first edition to feature 24 teams. This was the first of five consecutive FIFA U-17 Women's World Cups to be held in Morocco, set to be played annually until 2029.

North Korea were the defending champions, having won a record third title in 2024. They successfully retained the title, beating first-time finalists the Netherlands.
Cherry Martinez
Deborah Tennyson (born October 10, 1974), known professionally as Cherry Martinez, is a radio personality, DJ, program director, philanthropist, and chairman/publisher of Cherry On Top.
Cherry Martinez was host of No. 1 evening DJ program in New York, Power 105.1 and following host for the nationally syndicated radio program “Power After Hours”. Also specializing in celebrity news, guest interviews included Jae Millz, Chrisette Michele, Adrienne Bailon, and Charlie Baltimore. Cherry is also known for founding the annual women's media/entertainment ceremonial Girl Power Awards, with (VH1 Executive Producer, CEO) Mona Scott and a developed feud with radio DJ Funkmaster Flex of rival station Hot 97. She is recognized as the voice on the Hip Hop record “Funkorama” by Redman off the Insomnia (Erick Sermon album).

Mona Scott-Young
Mona Scott-Young (née Scott; born February 15, 1967) is an American television producer and entrepreneur. She is the CEO of the multi-media entertainment company Monami Productions, best known for producing the VH1 reality television franchise Love & Hip Hop.
Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis (/paɪˈrɒlɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire' and  λύσις (lúsis) 'separation') is a process involving the separation of covalent bonds in organic matter by thermal decomposition within an inert environment without oxygen.

Organic matter
Organic matter, organic material or natural organic matter (NOM) is the large source of carbon-based compounds found within natural and engineered, terrestrial, and aquatic environments. It is matter composed of organic compounds that have come from the feces and remains of organisms such as plants and animals. Organic molecules can also be made by chemical reactions that do not involve life. Basic structures are created from cellulose, tannin, cutin, and lignin, along with other various proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates. Organic matter is very important in the movement of nutrients in the environment and plays a role in water retention on the surface of the planet.
RFA Green Rover
RFA Green Rover (A268) was a Rover-class small fleet tanker of the Royal Fleet Auxiliary (RFA), built by Swan Hunter Shipbuilders on the River Tyne, UK and completed in 1969. After decommissioning in 1992 she was sold to the Indonesian Navy and renamed KRI Arun (903).

River Tyne
The River Tyne /ˈtaɪn/ ⓘ is a river in North East England. Its length (excluding tributaries) is 73 miles (118 km). It is formed by the North Tyne and the South Tyne, which converge at Warden near Hexham in Northumberland at a place dubbed 'The Meeting of the Waters'.

The Tyne Rivers Trust measure the whole Tyne catchment as 2,936 km2 (1,134 square miles), containing 4,399 km (2,733 miles) of waterways.
Guo Qiusen
Guo Qiusen (Chinese: 郭秋生; pinyin: Guō Qiūshēng; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Koeh Chhiu-seng; Hepburn: Kaku Shūsei) (1904–1980), born in Japanese Taiwan in the area of Taihoku (modern-day Xinzhuang, New Taipei, Taiwan), was a Taiwanese writer. He wrote under the pseudonym Qiusen. He was a strong supporter of the language movement started by Huang Shihui.

Huang Shihui
Huang Shihui (Chinese: 黃石輝; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: N̂g Se̍k-hui; 1900–1945), born in Chiaochhengkha (Chinese: 鳥松腳; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chiáu-chhêng-kha), Tainan Ken, Japanese Taiwan (modern-day Niaosong District, Kaohsiung, Taiwan), was a Taiwanese writer and a supporter of leftist movements. The debate on Taiwanese Hokkien literature which he initiated during the Japanese rule of Taiwan enlightened the development of Taiwanese rural literature.
Cimmerian invasion of Phrygia
The Cimmerian invasion of Phrygia occurred in the 7th century B.C. Around 696, the Cimmerian people invaded Phrygia with help of the King of Urartu, Rusa II. They burned the kingdom's city of Gordium, which likely caused the Phrygian king Midas to commit suicide. Around 680, the Phrygian kingdom dissolved, and their hegemony was later transferred to the Lydians.

Rusa II
Rusa II was king of Urartu between around 680 BC and 639 BC. It was during his reign that the massive fortress complex, Karmir-Blur, was constructed.

Rusa II was known to Esarhaddon, king of Assyria, as Yaya or Iaya.

A cuneiform inscription has been found commemorating the king building a canal to channel water to the city of Quarlini from the Ildaruni (Hrazdan River).
Abdoulaye Idrissa Maïga
Abdoulaye Idrissa Maïga (born 11 March 1958) is a Malian politician who was the Prime Minister of Mali from 8 April 2017 to 29 December 2017. Previously he was Minister of Defence since 3 September 2016. As Defence Minister he succeeded Tiéman Hubert Coulibaly, who resigned after the takeover of the village of Boni by jihadist forces. Maïga previously served as Minister of Territorial Administration and Minister for the Environment, Water and Sanitation. During the 2013 presidential election, he was campaign director of Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta, who was elected as president.

On 8 April 2017 President Keïta appointed him as prime minister. A new government headed by Maïga was appointed on 11 April 2017. In the new government, Tiéna Coulibaly succeeded Maïga as Minister of Defence. He surprisingly resigned his position on 29 December 2017 alongside his government.

Maïga was born in Gao. He is a member of the Rally for Mali.

Tiéna Coulibaly
Tiéna Coulibaly (born 1952) is a Malian politician who has served as Minister of Defense in the government of Mali from 2017 to 2020. Previously he was Minister of Finance from 1988 to 1991, and again from 2012 to 2013. Coulibaly was ousted during the 2020 Malian coup d'état and replaced by Colonel Sadio Camara.
Evan Press
Evan Lewis Press (born 26 June 2000) is a Welsh footballer who most recently played as a midfielder for Cymru Premier club Barry Town United. He is currently serving a 2-and-a-half prison sentence on suspicion of dealing cocaine.

Barry Town United F.C.
Barry Town United Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Tref Y Barri) is a semi-professional association football team based in Barry, Wales. They currently play in the Cymru Premier.

They are known for representing Wales in Europe as winners of the Welsh top flight and Welsh Cup during the 1990s and early 2000s and have also competed in England's Southern League and FA Cup. The team, which has contained more than 50 full internationals, is now run by supporters. They play at their traditional home of Jenner Park, Barry, which holds 3,500 spectators.
Lašva Valley counteroffensive
Lašva Valley Counteroffensive (April–July 1993) was a series of ARBiH offensives in central Bosnia during the Bosnian War, most notably the capture of Travnik and subsequent advances toward Zenica and Kakanj. The counteroffensive marked a turning point in central Bosnia when Bosnian government forces regained the initiative after months of being cut off and fighting on multiple fronts.

Kakanj
Kakanj is a town and municipality located in Zenica-Doboj Canton of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina, an entity of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is the Europe's oldest continuously inhabitted settlement.

As of 2013, the town has a population of 11,796 inhabitants, with 38,937 inhabitants in the municipality. It is situated in central Bosnia and Herzegovina, north of Visoko and southeast of Zenica. It was built along the slopes of wide hills on either side of the Zgošća river.
Dancla Stradivarius (1708)
Dancla violin by Stradivari or Dancla, Milstein is a 1708 Stradivarius violin which is referred to as the "Dancla". It was made by Italian luthier Antonio Stradivari of Cremona and named after the French violinist Charles Dancla.

Antonio Stradivari
Antonio Stradivari (/ˌstrædɪˈvɑːri/, also US: /-ˈvɛəri/, Italian: [anˈtɔːnjo stradiˈvaːri]; c. 1644 – 18 December 1737) was an Italian luthier and a craftsman of string instruments such as violins, cellos, guitars, violas and harps. The Latinized form of his surname, Stradivarius, as well as the colloquial Strad are terms often used to refer to his instruments. It is estimated that Stradivari produced 1,116 instruments, of which 960 were violins. Around 650 instruments survive, including 450 to 512 violins. His instruments are considered some of the finest ever made, and are extremely valuable collector's items.