hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jing Ke
Jing Ke (died 227 BC) was a youxia during the late Warring States period of Ancient China. As a retainer of Crown Prince Dan of the Yan state, Jing Ke was infamous for his failed assassination attempt on King Zheng of the Qin state, who later became Qin Shi Huang, the first emperor of the Qin dynasty and the first unified sovereign in Chinese history. Jing Ke's story is told in the chapter titled Biographies of Assassins (刺客列傳) in Sima Qian's Records of the Grand Historian.

Zhao (state)
Zhao (traditional Chinese: 趙; simplified Chinese: 赵) was one of the seven major states during the Warring States period of ancient China. It emerged from the tripartite division of Jin, along with Han and Wei, in the 5th century BC. Zhao gained considerable strength from the military reforms initiated during the reign of King Wuling, but suffered a crushing defeat at the hands of Qin at the Battle of Changping. Its territory included areas in the modern provinces of Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi and Shaanxi. It bordered the states of Qin, Wei, and Yan, as well as various nomadic peoples including the Hu and Xiongnu. Its capital was Handan, in modern Hebei province.

Zhao was home to the administrative philosopher Shen Dao, Confucian Xun Kuang, and Gongsun Long, who is affiliated to the school of names.
Karl Deutsch Award
The Karl Deutsch Award is awarded by the International Political Science Association (IPSA) each year an IPSA World Congress of Political Science is held. The recipient of the award presents the Karl Deutsch Lecture or leads a special session at the World Congress. The purpose of the award is to honour a prominent scholar engaged in cross-disciplinary research. It was named after the prominent political scientist Karl Deutsch. According to a reputation survey conducted in 2013 and 2014, it is the third most prestigious international academic award in political science, after the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science and the Stein Rokkan Prize for Comparative Social Science Research.

The award should not be confused with the "Karl Deutsch Award" awarded by the International Studies Association. The latter award bears the same name but is only awarded to outstanding scholars under 40 in the field of international relations.

Stein Rokkan Prize for Comparative Social Science Research
The Stein Rokkan Prize for Comparative Social Science Research is an academic honour awarded by the International Science Council, the University of Bergen and the European Consortium for Political Research, in memory of the political scientist and sociologist Stein Rokkan. It is awarded to scholars who have made "a very substantial and original contribution in comparative social science research" in the form of a published monograph. The monograph must have been published within the two calendrical years preceding the award. The prize is awarded annually and is worth €5000.

According to a reputation survey conducted in 2013 and 2014, the Stein Rokkan Prize is the second most prestigious international academic award in political science, after the Johan Skytte Prize in Political Science. A reputation survey conducted in 2018 found the Stein Rokkan Prize to be the most prestigious interdisciplinary award in the social sciences (jointly with the Holberg Prize).
Frontbench Team of Jo Swinson
Jo Swinson was elected to lead the Liberal Democrats on 22 July 2019. However, she resigned the leadership following the loss of her seat in the 2019 General Election. Swinson was the first woman to lead the party, and also the youngest person to do so. The list that follows is the frontbench team led by Swinson in 2019.

Swinson announced her first frontbench team in August 2019. Of 14 MPs, Norman Lamb and Sarah Wollaston were not included in the shadow cabinet given their roles as Chair of respective Select Committees.

2019 Liberal Democrats leadership election
The 2019 Liberal Democrats leadership election was held following the announcement of the resignation of Vince Cable as leader on 24 May 2019, after just under two years as leader of the Liberal Democrats in the United Kingdom. The two candidates to succeed Cable were Ed Davey and Jo Swinson.

The result was announced on 22 July 2019 with Swinson winning with over 62% of the vote.
2019 FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship
The 2019 FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship was the sixteenth edition of the FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship, contested by the men's national teams under the age of 19 of the members of the FIVB, the sport's global governing body. The tournament was held in Tunis and Radès, Tunisia from 21 to 30 August 2019. Tunisia played hosts for this event for the first time.

The finals involved 20 teams, of which 19 came through qualifying competitions, while the host nation qualified automatically. Of the 20 teams, 13 had also appeared in the previous tournament in 2017, while Colombia and Nigeria made their first appearances at a FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship.

Iran was the defending champions, having won their second title in Bahrain.

Players must be born on or after 1 January 2001.

2017 FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship
The 2017 FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship was the fifteenth edition of the FIVB Volleyball Boys' U19 World Championship, contested by the men's national teams under the age of 19 of the members of the FIVB, the sport's global governing body. The tournament was held in Riffa, Bahrain from 18 to 27 August 2017. 20 teams from the 5 confederations competed in the tournament.

Players must be born on or after 1 January 1999.

Iran won its second title in the competition, defeating Russia in the final. Japan defeated South Korea for the bronze medal. Amirhossein Esfandiar from Iran was elected the MVP.
Ignace-Michel-Louis-Antoine d'Irumberry de Salaberry
Ignace-Michel-Louis-Antoine d'Irumberry de Salaberry (4 July 1752 – 22 March 1828) was the son of Michel de Sallaberry and the first member of the family to develop permanent roots in Canada. He had stayed on when his parents returned to France and, as an adult, became part of the seigneurial gentry of Lower Canada. He was the father of Charles de Salaberry.

Salaberry formed a friendship with Prince Edward Augustus, a son of George III, and he and his family benefited greatly from the Prince's patronage.

In the first election of 1792 for the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada, he ran, and won, in two ridings. He chose to represent Dorchester, where the other successful candidate was Gabriel-Elzéar Taschereau.

His position and the royal patronage netted him a number of appointments including one to the Legislative Council of Lower Canada in 1817.

Legislative Council of Lower Canada
The Legislative Council of Lower Canada was the upper house of the Parliament of Lower Canada from 1792 until 1838. The Legislative Council consisted of appointed councillors who voted on bills passed up by the Legislative Assembly of Lower Canada. The legislative council was created by the Constitutional Act. Many of the members first called in the Council in 1792 had served as councillors in the Council for the Affairs of the Province of Quebec.

The council came to be dominated by the Château Clique, members of the province's most powerful families who were generally interested in preserving the status quo. Both the upper and lower houses were dissolved on March 27, 1838 following the Lower Canada Rebellion and Lower Canada was administered by an appointed Special Council.

Following the Act of Union in 1840, the Legislative Council of the Province of Canada was created in 1841.
Monika Soćko
Monika Soćko (née Bobrowska; born 24 March 1978) is a Polish chess player who holds the FIDE titles of Grandmaster (GM) and Woman Grandmaster (WGM). She won the Polish women's chess championship eight times (in 1995, 2004, 2008, 2010, 2013, 2014, 2016, 2017).

European Individual Chess Championship
The European Individual Chess Championship is a chess tournament organised by the European Chess Union. It was established in 2000 and has since then taken place on a yearly basis.
Apart from determining the European champions (open and women's), another objective of this tournament is to determine a number of players who qualify for the FIDE World Cup and the FIDE Women's World Cup (formerly the knockout Women's World Championship).
Richard Littlejohn
Richard Littlejohn (born 18 January 1954) is an English author, broadcaster and opinion column writer, having started his career as a journalist. As of May 2023, he writes a twice-weekly column for the Daily Mail about British affairs.

Littlejohn has been a columnist for The Sun, but had written for The Spectator and the London Evening Standard. Littlejohn earned a place in the inaugural Press Gazette Newspaper Hall of Fame as one of the most influential journalists of the past 40 years. He was awarded the title of "Columnist of the Year" at the 1997 British Press Awards.

Littlejohn has been criticised for insufficient fact-checking and for alleged anti-gay bigotry. Primarily a newspaper journalist, he has also presented numerous radio and television shows and has authored or co-authored several books.

John Blake (English journalist)
John Blake (born 6 November 1948) is an English publisher and former journalist. John Blake Publishing  was acquired by Bonnier Publishing in May 2016. Blake joined Soho Friday, launched in November 2018, a venture with Richard Johnson and Derek Freeman. Ad Lib Publishing was launched in 2020.
Tetyushsky Uyezd
Tetyushsky Uyezd (Тетю́шский уе́зд) was one of the subdivisions of the Kazan Governorate of the Russian Empire. It was situated in the southern part of the governorate. Its administrative centre was Tetyushi.

Tetyushi, Republic of Tatarstan
Tetyushi (Russian: Тетю́ши; Tatar: Тәтеш) is a town and the administrative center of Tetyushsky District in the Republic of Tatarstan, Russia, located on the right bank of the Volga River, on the shore of the Kuybyshev Reservoir, 180 kilometers (110 mi) south of Kazan, the capital of the republic. As of the 2010 Census, its population was 11,596. It was previously known as Tetyushskaya zastava.
Taiwanese tea culture
Taiwanese tea culture includes tea arts, traditional tea ceremonies, and the social aspects of tea consumption in Taiwan. Its roots can be traced back to Chinese tea culture. Many of the classical arts can be seen in the tea culture, such as calligraphy, flower arts, and incense arts. Tea, especially oolong tea, is a popular drink in Taiwan, and teahouses, or "tea-arts" shops, are common.

Gongfu tea
Gongfu tea (Teochew: gang1 hu1 dê5) or kung fu tea (Chinese: 工夫茶 or 功夫茶; both gōngfū chá), literally "making tea with skill", is a traditional Chinese tea preparation method. It is sometimes called a "tea ceremony", though this is a misnomer, as gongfu cha is more accurately described as a specialised technique of brewing tea rather than a ritualised ceremony. It is probably based on the tea preparation approaches originating in Fujian and the Chaoshan area of eastern Guangdong. The term Gongfu (工夫) in Chaoshan dialect means the technique is meticulous, subtle, graceful and exquisite as well as requiring patience and experience to perfect.  The practice involves using smaller brewing vessels and a more potent leaf-to-water ratio than in Western-style brewing. Today, the approach is used popularly by teashops carrying tea of Chinese or Taiwanese origin, and by aficionados and trained masters as a way to fully realize the taste of a tea selection, especially a finer one.
2025 Under-20 Intercontinental Cup
The 2025 Under-20 Intercontinental Cup (Spanish: Sub-20 Intercontinental 2025) was the fourth edition of the UEFA–CONMEBOL Under-20 Intercontinental Cup, an annual one-off football match organised by CONMEBOL and UEFA between the winners of the U-20 Copa Libertadores and UEFA Youth League. As host confederation, CONMEBOL was in charge of the main organization of this edition.

The match was played on 23 August 2025 at Maracanã Stadium in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between the Brazilian team Flamengo, the 2025 U-20 Copa Libertadores champions and the title holders having won the previous edition, and Spanish team Barcelona, the 2024–25 UEFA Youth League champions.

Flamengo successfully defended their title after defeating Barcelona by a 6–5 on a penalty shoot-out.

FC Barcelona (youth)
Futbol Club Barcelona Juvenil are the under-19 team of Spanish professional football club Barcelona and the final stage of progression in the club's youth academy commonly referred to as La Masia. The Juvenil team play in the Group III of the División de Honor Juvenil de Fútbol where their main rivals are Damm, Espanyol, and Mallorca.

They also participate in the national Copa de Campeones Juvenil and the Copa del Rey Juvenil, qualification for which is dependent on final league group position. The team has also taken part in the continental UEFA Youth League; they won in 2014, 2018 and 2025
Christopher Martins
Christopher Martins Pereira (born 19 February 1997) is a Luxembourgish professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder or central midfielder for Russian Premier League club Spartak Moscow and the Luxembourg national team.

Swiss Super League
The Super League (also known as the Brack Super League for sponsorship reasons) is a professional association football league in Switzerland and the highest level of the Swiss football league system. It has been played in its current format since the 2003–04 season. The Swiss Super League is ranked 16th in Europe according to UEFA's ranking of league coefficients, which is based upon Swiss team performances in European competitions. The 2025–26 season is the 129th season of the Swiss top-flight, making it the longest continuously running top-flight national league.
Sinaloan sushi
Sinaloan sushi is a type of Mexican-American and Japanese fusion cuisine found prominently on the northern side of Mexico, mainly in Sinaloa state where it originated. In the US it is usually found on the United States West Coast and Southwest. Instead of wasabi, heat is provided by Sinaloa spices such as chipotle, chiltepin and jalapeño.

The food probably originated in Culiacán, Sinaloa in the early 2000s, then was adopted in Los Angeles in the 2010s. Some of the first American restaurants were in Los Angeles County in 2013, and the first Mexican sushi restaurant in Orange County opened in 2015. In 2016, at least six Mexican sushi restaurants were open in the Phoenix, Arizona area. In 2017, one opened in Houston, Texas, and another in the Denver area. In 2017, one opened in Kent, Washington, and in 2021, one opened in Tacoma, Washington. It reached the Canadian city of Toronto by 2022.

Jalapeño
The jalapeño (/ˌhæləˈpiːnjoʊ, ˌhɑːl-, -ˈpeɪ-/ HA(H)L-ə-PEE-nyoh, -⁠PAY-, Spanish: [xalaˈpeɲo] ⓘ) is a medium-sized chili pepper pod type cultivar of the species Capsicum annuum. A mature jalapeño chili is 5–10 cm (2–4 in) long and 25–38 mm (1–1+1⁄2 in) wide, and hangs down from the plant. The pungency of jalapeño peppers varies, but is usually between 4,000 and 8,500 units on the Scoville scale. Commonly picked and consumed while still green, it is occasionally allowed to fully ripen and turn red, orange, or yellow. It is wider and generally milder than the similar Serrano pepper.
Us (Mull Historical Society album)
Us is the second album from Scottish indie band Mull Historical Society, and the follow-up to Loss. It includes the singles "The Final Arrears" and "Am I Wrong". Us (2003) received generally positive reviews; NME called it "a joyous slice of orchestral prozac". The track "The Supermarket Strikes Back" is a riposte to "Barcode Bypass" from Loss. After the album was released the record label, Warners, dropped the band.

Loss (Mull Historical Society album)
Loss is the debut album of Scottish indie pop band Mull Historical Society. It includes the singles "Barcode Bypass", "I Tried", "Animal Cannabus" and "Watching Xanadu". The album reached number 43 in the UK album chart. It was inspired by the sudden death of his father in 1999 and his upbringing on the Isle of Mull. It contains samples from a Caledonian MacBrayne ferry and the waves on Calgary Bay in Mull. "Barcode Bypass" is about a small shopkeeper threatened by the supermarkets, and "Watching Xanadu" is about watching the film Xanadu.
Old Man of the Mountain (nickname)
The Old Man of the Mountain (Latin: Vetulus de Montanis)(Persian: پیرِ کوهستان, pir-e koohestan), is the expression first used by Marco Polo in a passage from Book of the Marvels of the World, to indicate Hasan-i Sabbah, the grand master of the "Order of Assassins" (the Nizari Ismaili state) who was based in the mountain fortress of Alamut. It later became a common name used by the Crusaders.

Subsequently, this nickname was given to various Isma'ili successors of Hassan, in Syria, particularly, for example Rashid al-Din Sinan, the da'i (missionary) and a leader of the Syrian branch of the Nizari Isma'ili state.

Rashid ad-Din Sinan
Rashid al-Din Sinan (Arabic: راشد الدين سنان Rāshid ad-Dīn Sinān; 1131/1135 – 1193) also known as the Old Man of the Mountain (Arabic: شيخ الجبل Sheikh al-Jabal; Latin: Vetulus de Montanis), was an Arab Muslim missionary (dāʿī) who served as the leader of the Nizari Ismaili state and the Order of Assassins from 1162 until his death in 1193. An adherent of Nizari Ismailism, a branch of Shia Islam, he was a prominent figure during the Crusades.
Mostafa Karkhaneh
Mostafa Karkhaneh (Persian: مصطفی کارخانه; born May 24, 1959, in Jalilabad, Tehran Province) is a former Iranian volleyball player and coach. He is known for his successful career as a coach, building the Iranian national volleyball team into an international contender. Throughout his career, he managed all national Iranian volleyball teams, including the youth, junior, and senior teams, helping many young players develop their skills.

Kalleh Mazandaran VC
Kalleh Mazandaran Volleyball Club (Persian: باشگاه والیبال کاله مازندران, Bâshgâh-e Vâlibâl-e Kâle-ye Mâzandarân) was an Iranian professional volleyball team based in Amol, Iran. The team was owned by Solico Group - Kalleh Company . They competed in the Iranian Volleyball Super League.

The Payambar Azam Arena in Amol, Iran was the home ground of Kalleh. The team has won the Iranian Super League twice and the Asian Club Championship once. Kalleh was dissolved in 2014 due to financial issues but was refounded just a year later.
SIG Sauer CROSS
The SIG Sauer CROSS is a light-weight bolt-action rifle manufactured by SIG Sauer's North American branch headquartered in Newington, New Hampshire in the United States, as a "precision hunting rifle" designed to "meet the demands of both precision long-range shooting and extreme back country hunting", available in three different calibers.  Announced in December 2019, it is the company's first bolt-action offering since the SSG 3000 was introduced in 1992.

The Cross is available on the civilian market in America from Sig Sauer.

SIG Sauer SSG 3000
The SIG Sauer SSG 3000 (Scharfschützengewehr 3000, literally Sharpshooter Rifle 3000) is a bolt-action, magazine fed rifle chambered in 7.62×51mm NATO. It was derived in Germany from the Sauer 200/Sauer 202 rifle family, that featured a modular construction allowing for easy replacement of components and changing between barrels with different chamberings. The SSG 3000 is a common law enforcement sniper rifle in both Europe and the United States. The rifle was developed by SIG Sauer GmbH and is well renowned for its high quality.
AJ Cole (American football)
Alfred James Cole III (born November 27, 1995) is an American professional football punter  for the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the NC State Wolfpack.

Cole has the most yards per punt (48.48) in NFL history.

Punter (gridiron football)
A punter in gridiron football is a special teams player who receives the snapped ball directly from the line of scrimmage and then punts (kicks) the football to the opposing team so as to limit any field position advantage. This generally happens on a fourth down in American football and a third down in Canadian football. Punters may also occasionally take part in fake punts in those same situations, when they throw or run the football to get a first down instead of punting.
2012 Serena Williams tennis season
The 2012 Serena Williams tennis season officially began on 2 January with the start of the 2012 WTA Tour. Williams won the most WTA singles titles of the season with seven, including two majors at Wimbledon and the US Open. She also won the WTA Championships and her first singles Olympics gold. She also suffered her first opening-round loss in a major at the French Open, losing to Virginie Razzano.

In doubles, Williams, partnering with sister Venus, dominated the grass court season by triumphing at Wimbledon and winning women's doubles gold medal at the Summer Olympics. Serena Williams was voted WTA Player of the Year for 2012, the fourth time she won the award. Based on her performance for the season, Williams was named as the International Tennis Federation world champion.

2012 WTA Tour
The 2012 WTA Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organized by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for the 2012 tennis season. The 2012 WTA Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments (supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the WTA Premier tournaments (Premier Mandatory, Premier 5, and regular Premier), the WTA International tournaments, the Fed Cup (organized by the ITF), the year-end championships (the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tournament of Champions), and the tennis event at the Summer Olympic Games. Also included in the 2012 calendar is the Hopman Cup, which is organized by the ITF and does not distribute ranking points.
Toomas Merila
Toomas Merila (born 15 August 1939) is an Estonian coach and former javelin thrower.

He was born in Tallinn. In 1963 he graduated from Tartu State University's Institute of Physical Education.

He started his sporting exercising under the guidance of sport club "Spartak" coaches Helmuth Kallik ja Ervin Uuk. He focused on javelin throw. Three times he was a member of Estonian national athletics team.

In 1970 he started his coaching career. 1988–1990 he was the acting chairman of Estonian Athletic Association. He has trained Annika Lall, Ruth Põldots, Andrus Värnik, Moonika Aava, Liina Laasma.

Awards:

2000 and 2003: Best Athletics Coach of Estonia

2003: Order of the Estonian Red Cross

2018: (Estonian: riiklik spordi elutööpreemia)

Andrus Värnik
Andrus Värnik (born 27 September 1977) is a retired Estonian track and field athlete who competed in the javelin throw. He is a World Champion, having won gold in 2005. His personal best throw of 87.83 m, set in 2003, was the Estonian record for 15 years.
Constantinus Fidelio Coene
Constantinus Fidelio Coene (1779–1841) was a painter of history, genre, and landscape pieces.

Coene was born in 1779 at Vilvoorde. He first studied under Henri Van Assche, and in 1809 moved to Amsterdam and became the pupil of Pieter Bartholomeusz Barbiers. He then went to Brussels, and in 1820 was made Professor at the academy. His picture of Rubens receiving from Charles I the sword with which he had been knighted gained him the grand prize at Ghent, and is now in the Museum of that city. His Soldier returning from the Battle of Waterloo also gained him much praise. He died at Brussels on 20 August 1841.

Henri Van Assche
Henri Van Assche (30 August 1774, Brussels - 10 April 1841, Brussels) was a Belgian painter; primarily of landscapes. He was especially well-known for his depictions of waterfalls and water mills. Some of his scenes contain animals painted by Balthasar Paul Ommeganck.