hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hypercomplex number
In mathematics, the hypercomplex number is a traditional term for an element of a finite-dimensional unital algebra over the field of real numbers. 
The study of hypercomplex numbers in the late 19th century forms the basis of modern group representation theory.

Composition algebra
In mathematics, a composition algebra A over a field K is a not necessarily associative algebra over K together with a nondegenerate quadratic form N that satisfies

for all x and y in A.

A composition algebra includes an involution called a conjugation:  The quadratic form  is called the norm of the algebra.

A composition algebra (A, ∗, N) is either a division algebra or a split algebra, depending on the existence of a non-zero v in A such that N(v) = 0, called a null vector. When x is not a null vector, the multiplicative inverse of x is . When there is a non-zero null vector, N is an isotropic quadratic form, and "the algebra splits".
Zuma Must Fall campaign
Zuma Must Fall was a civic protest movement and slogan that emerged in South Africa in 2015 as a popular expression of opposition to then-President Jacob Zuma. The campaign gained momentum following Zuma’s controversial dismissal of Finance Minister Nhlanhla Nene in December 2015, which led to a dramatic decline in the South African rand and widespread economic instability. Although it was not affiliated with any single political party, the campaign brought together diverse civil society groups, opposition political parties and ordinary South Africans calling for Zuma’s resignation.

Nhlanhla Nene
Nhlanhla Musa Nene ([ntɬantɬa], born 5 December 1958) is a South African politician who served as the  Minister of Finance under President Jacob Zuma from 25 May 2014 until his controversial removal on 9 December 2015, and under President Cyril Ramaphosa from 27 February 2018 until his resignation on 9 October 2018. He also previously served as the Deputy Minister of Finance in the Cabinet of South Africa from November 2008 to May 2014, as chairperson of the Finance Portfolio Committee in the South African Parliament, and as a Member of Parliament for the African National Congress (ANC) starting in 1999. His home is in Kranskop, KwaZulu-Natal.
Nilesat 102
Nilesat 102 is an Egyptian owned geosynchronous communications satellite that was launched by an Ariane 44LP rocket from Kourou, French Guiana on August 17, 2000, at 23:16 UTC by the European Space Agency. It was manufactured by the European company Matra Marconi Space (Astrium), and started official broadcasting on 12 September 2000 with an expected lifetime of 15 years. The spacecraft weighed 1,827 kg at launch.

Astrium
Astrium was a European aerospace company and subsidiary of the European Aeronautic Defence and Space Company (EADS), headquartered in Paris. It designed, developed and manufactured civil and military space systems and provided related services from 2006 to 2013. In 2012, Astrium had a turnover of €5.8 billion and 18,000 employees in France, Germany, the United Kingdom, Spain and the Netherlands. Astrium was a member of Institute of Space, its Applications and Technologies.

In late 2013 Astrium was merged with Cassidian, the defence division of EADS, as well as Airbus Military to form Airbus Defence and Space. EADS itself was rebranded Airbus Group, with three divisions: Airbus Commercial Aircraft, Airbus Defence and Space, and Airbus Helicopters.
Willowcreek, Oregon
Willowcreek is an unincorporated community in Malheur County, Oregon, United States. It is approximately 11 miles (18 km) northwest of Vale along U.S. Route 26. Willowcreek is located at 44°06′53″N 117°21′52″W﻿ / ﻿44.11472°N 117.36444°W﻿ / 44.11472; -117.36444. Today Willowcreek has a Vale mailing address, although the nearest post office is in nearby Jamieson.

Jamieson, Oregon
Jamieson is an unincorporated community in Malheur County, Oregon, United States. The community is 17 miles (27 km) northwest of Vale along U.S. Route 26. Jamieson has a post office with ZIP code 97909.
Aeroflot Flight 1491
Aeroflot Flight 1491 was a scheduled domestic passenger flight from Moscow-Vnukovo Airport to Kharkiv Airport in the USSR that crashed on 18 May 1972 while descending to land in Kharkiv, killing all 122 passengers and crew aboard the Antonov An-10.

Vnukovo International Airport
Vnukovo International Airport (Russian: Внуково, IPA: [ˈvnukəvə], Internal code: ВНК) (IATA: VKO, ICAO: UUWW), is a dual-runway international airport located in Vnukovo District, 28 km (17 mi) southwest of the centre of Moscow, Russia. It is one of the four major airports that serve Moscow, along with Sheremetyevo, Domodedovo and Zhukovsky.

In 2019, the airport handled 24.01 million passengers, representing an increase of 12% compared to the previous year. Vnukovo was the eleventh-busiest airport in Europe in 2021 but had a strong decline in traffic and dropped to 30th place in 2022 as a consequence of sanctions following the Russian invasion of Ukraine. As of 2025 it is the 3rd busiest airport in Russia and Post-Soviet states as well as the 41th-busiest airport in Europe. The airport was formally named "Vnukovo Andrei Tupolev International Airport" after Andrei Tupolev.
Ed Viesturs
Edmund "Ed" Viesturs (born June 22, 1959) is an American high-altitude mountaineer, corporate speaker, and well known author in the mountain climbing community. He was the first American to climb all 14 of the eight-thousander mountains, and the 5th person to do so without supplemental oxygen. In 2023, Guinness World Records reclassified the first person to summit the true summits of all 8000ers and awarded Viesturs the record of the first ascent of all 14 peaks. This claim has been strongly disputed.

Viesturs took part in the 1996 IMAX filming of Everest shortly after the 1996 Mount Everest disaster, which became the highest grossing documentary up to that time. Thirteen days after the disaster, his team summited Everest accompanied by a film crew. He also had a cameo in the 2000 film Vertical Limit. Clive Standen plays Viesturs in the 2015 remake of Everest telling of the 1996 Mount Everest disaster.

Vertical Limit
Vertical Limit is a 2000 American survival thriller film directed by Martin Campbell, written by Robert King, and starring Chris O'Donnell, Bill Paxton, Robin Tunney, and Scott Glenn. The film was released on December 8, 2000, in the United States by Columbia Pictures, receiving mixed reviews and grossed $215 million at the box office.

The plot follows a rescue attempt on K2, the second-highest mountain in the world, after a team of climbers are trapped in a crevasse.

The film was the third collaboration between Campbell and actor Stuart Wilson, after No Escape (1994) and The Mask of Zorro (1998).
Myrtillocactus schenckii
Myrtillocactus schenckii, also known as garambullo or vichishovo, is a species of cacti native to Oaxaca and Puebla, Mexico. Placed in the genus Myrtillocactus, it is a member of the large and diverse family Cactaceae.

Myrtillocactus
Myrtillocactus (from Latin, "blueberry cactus") is a genus of cacti. The genus is found from Mexico to Guatemala. The genus is best known with Myrtillocactus geometrizans.

The genus Myrtillocereus Fric & Kreuz. (orth. var.) has been brought into synonymy with this genus.
Mustafa Yunus Eryaman
Mustafa Yunus Eryaman (born 1977) is a professor of education at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. He is specialized on educational policy, philosophy of education, curriculum theory and research, critical pedagogy, and progressive education.

Eryaman is currently the president of the International Association of Educators and the vice president of the World Education Research Association. He has served as associate dean in the Faculty of Education and as Interim Chancellor (General Secretary) at Çanakkale Onsekiz Mart University. He is a DAAD-TUBITAK professor at the Institute for International Comparative and Intercultural Education (University of Hamburg) since 2014. He serves as a council member in the European Educational Research Association and president of the Turkish Educational Research Association.

European Educational Research Association
The European Educational Research Association (EERA) is an association of national and regional associations representing educational researchers in Europe. EERA aims to encourage collaboration amongst educational researchers in Europe, promote communication between educational researchers and international governmental organisations and disseminate and highlight state-of-the-art findings of educational research, primarily through the annual European Conference on Educational Research (ECER) and its associated journal, the European Educational Research Journal (EERJ), the EERA Blog and the EERA Book Series - Transdisciplinary Perspectives in Educational Research.
Matt McLean (racing driver)
Matthew Adam McLean (born 1 October 1996) is an Australian racing driver from Melbourne, Australia. He is currently competing in the Dunlop Super2 Series with Eggleston Motorsport, driving the No. 54 Holden VF Commodore.

Eggleston Motorsport
Eggleston Motorsport is an Australian motor racing team which is currently competing in the Dunlop Super2 Series, Dunlop Super3 Series and the Australian GT Championship. The team's current Super2 drivers are Zach Bates, Jordyn Sinni, Elliott Cleary, Cody Burcher and Bradi Owen.

EMS was born out of Eggleston Motorsport & Service Centre. The motorsport division is now the primary driver for the operation. EMS has been a key competitor in the Dunlop Series since 2010. Team co-owner Rachael Wagg said in December 2014 that the team was interested in a wildcard V8 Supercar entry or even an endurance campaign, though was not currently considering stepping into the main series in the near future.
Conversation Piece (box set)
Conversation Piece is a box set by English musician David Bowie, released in November 2019, which contains five CDs featuring recordings made in 1968–1969. The box set includes home demos and BBC sessions, as well as two mixes of the 1969 album Space Oddity: the original 1969 stereo mix, and a new 2019 mix produced by Tony Visconti specifically for the set. The release of the 1969 mix is a repressing of the 2009 remastered CD, which was chosen due to its being mastered to match the original LP release, a priority that was not taken for Parlophone's in-house remaster created for the Five Years (1969–1973) box set in 2015.

Most of the demo tracks had been released earlier in 2019 in the vinyl box sets Spying Through a Keyhole, Clareville Grove Demos, and The 'Mercury' Demos. The 2019 mix of Space Oddity was also given a standalone release on CD and LP and on digital download and streaming services, concurrently with the box set.

Spying Through a Keyhole
Spying Through a Keyhole is a box set by English musician David Bowie, released in April 2019. The set includes four 7" vinyl records containing nine songs written and performed by Bowie during 1968, the era in which he was writing for his album David Bowie (1969). All songs in the collection are presented in mono, demo form.
Märchenerzählungen
Märchenerzählungen (Fairy tale narrations), Op. 132, is a trio composition by Robert Schumann in four movements for clarinet (violin ad libitum), viola and piano. He composed the clarinet-viola-piano trio in B-flat major, between 9 and 11 October 1853. The movements are connected by a motif (Kernmotiv). The work is dedicated to Schumann's pupil Albert Dietrich, and was published in 1854 by Breitkopf & Härtel.

Breitkopf & Härtel
Breitkopf & Härtel (German pronunciation: [ˈbraɪtkɔpf ʔʊnt ˈhɛrtəl]) is a German music publishing house. Founded in 1719 in Leipzig by Bernhard Christoph Breitkopf, it is the world's oldest music publisher.
Golestan Shohada of Isfahan
Golestan Shahada of Isfahan is a cemetery in Isfahan, Iran which is located near Takht-e Foulad Mausoleum. People buried there include Mohammad Ali Naseri, Abdoldjavad Falaturi, Mohammad Reza Zahedi, Husayn Kharrazi, Ahmad Kazemi, Mahmoud Shahbazi, Akbar Agha Babaei, Mohammad Hejazi, Gholamreza Yazdani, Abdullah Maithami and Ata'ollah Ashrafi Esfahani. This cemetery was formed on April 28, 1976, with the burial of Abulhasan Shamsabadi.

Ata'ollah Ashrafi Esfahani
Ayatollah Ata'ollah Ashrafi Esfahani (Persian: آیت‌الله عطاءالله اشرفی اصفهانی; 1902 – 15 October 1982) was an Iranian religious leader. He was born near Esfahan and educated in Esfahan and at the Qom Seminary. He became a mojtahed when he was 40. After the Islamic Revolution of 1979, he was selected as the Imam Jumu'ah (the chief mullah for Friday prayers) for the city of Kermanshah. He was killed during Friday prayer on 15 October 1982.
The Man Who Dared (1933 film)
The Man Who Dared is a 1933 American pre-Code
drama film directed by Hamilton MacFadden and written by Dudley Nichols and Lamar Trotti. The film stars Preston Foster, Zita Johann, Joan Marsh, Phillip Trent, and June Lang. The film was released on June 30, 1933, by Fox Film Corporation. Jan Novak is based on Anton Cermak, the Chicago mayor killed in an assassination attempt on Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1933.

Phillip Trent
Phillip Trent (October 16, 1907, in Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania – January 24, 2001, in Englewood, New Jersey) was an American stage and film actor. He began his career on Broadway and starred in nine stage productions. He appeared in numerous films during the 1930s and 1940s. He also appeared as Clifford Jones.
Senior Mandrake
Senior Mandrake is a 2010 Indian Malayalam-language comedy-drama film directed by Ali Akbar. It is a sequel to the 1997 film Junior Mandrake. Jagathy Sreekumar, Jagadish and Kalpana plays the lead roles. The film bombed at the box office.

Kalpana (Malayalam actress)
Kalpana Priyadarshini (5 October 1965 – 25 January 2016), better known mononymously as Kalpana, was an Indian actress who appeared in South Indian films, predominantly in Malayalam and Tamil. Kalpana has acted in over 300 films in various South Indian languages. She won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in Thanichalla Njan (2012) at the 60th National Film Awards. Kalpana began her career as a child artist in the late 1970s. She became popular among the audiences for her comic roles.
Saving Babies
Saving Babies is an Australian medical documentary television series that screened on Network Ten from 15 February 2007 to 29 March 2007; airing seven episodes. The show was filmed at Sydney's Royal Hospital for Women and presented by former newsreader, Kim Watkins.

The show follows the stories of unwell newborn infants and their families as they go through numerous medical examinations and treatments. Each half-hour show follows three families and their stories while in the hospital. The program was broadcast on Thursday nights.

The shows presenter, Kim Watkins, has had her own experience with the Royal Hospital for Women after giving birth to premature twin girls.

Royal Hospital for Women
The Royal Hospital for Women (RHW) is a specialist hospital for women and babies located in the suburb of Randwick in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The Royal Hospital for Women shares the Randwick Hospitals' Campus site with the Prince of Wales Hospital and the Sydney Children's Hospital, as well as the Prince of Wales Private Hospital.
National Champions (film)
National Champions is a 2021 American sports drama film directed by Ric Roman Waugh, based on the play of the same name by Adam Mervis. The film stars Stephan James, J. K. Simmons, Alexander Ludwig, Lil Rel Howery, Tim Blake Nelson, Andrew Bachelor, Jeffrey Donovan, David Koechner, Kristin Chenoweth, Timothy Olyphant, and Uzo Aduba.

National Champions was released in the United States on December 10, 2021, by STX Entertainment. The film received generally mixed reviews from critics and underperformed at the box office, grossing less than $500,000 against its $8 million budget. It was also the last film released by STX as STX restructured its operations and transitioned to a distribution deal with Lionsgate.

STX Entertainment
STX Financing, LLC (d.b.a. STX Entertainment, a.k.a. STX) is an American independent entertainment and media company. Founded in March 2014 by film producer Robert Simonds and TPG Growth managing partner Bill McGlashan, the studio produces film, television, and digital media projects.

In April 2020, STX announced that it would merge with the Indian studio Eros International. The merger was completed in July 2020, and STX became a division of ErosSTX. In December 2021, Jahm Najafi announced his intention to acquire STX from the merged company for $173 million–a sale completed in April 2022. Eros remains a minority, non-voting shareholder. In January 2026, STX was revived following a sale to Crown Productions, owned by insurance company A-CAP.
Dizzy Dames
Dizzy Dames is a 1935 American musical film directed by William Nigh and written by George Waggner. The film stars Marjorie Rambeau, Florine McKinney, Lawrence Gray, Inez Courtney, Berton Churchill and Fuzzy Knight. The film was released on May 29, 1935, by Liberty Pictures.

Florine McKinney
Florine McKinney (December 13, 1909 – July 28, 1975) was an American actress.

McKinney was the daughter of a druggist in Fort Worth, Texas. She gained early acting experience in Little Theatre productions and plays at Central High School in Fort Worth. A soprano, she also sang in five languages at concerts in Texas. Her musical talents resulted in a scholarship to the American Conservatory of Music.

McKinney received a contract from Paramount Pictures in 1931. Later, as a contract actor at Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, she had the female romantic lead in Dizzy Dames. She also appeared in the films The Miracle Man, The Cabin in the Cotton, Cynara, Beauty for Sale, Dancing Lady, Student Tour, David Copperfield, Night Life of the Gods, Strangers All, Cappy Ricks Returns, Muss 'Em Up, A Star Fell from Heaven, Waterloo Bridge, Oklahoma Renegades, A Night at Earl Carroll's, You're the One, Unholy Partners, Brooklyn Orchid and Little Joe, the Wrangler, among others.
Jerome Inglott
Jerome Inglott (1776–1835) was a Maltese philosopher and theologian. His areas of specialisation in philosophy were chiefly metaphysics and ontology. He held the Chair of Philosophy at the University of Malta (1822–27), and was one of the Philosopher-Rectors at the same university (1826–33).

University of Malta
The University of Malta (Maltese: L-Università ta' Malta; UM; formerly UOM) is a public research university in the towns of Msida and Valletta, Malta. It serves as the flagship and national university of the Republic of Malta.

It offers undergraduate bachelor's degrees, postgraduate master's degrees and postgraduate doctorates. It is a member of the European University Association, the European Access Network, Association of Commonwealth Universities, the Utrecht Network, the Santander Network, the Compostela Group, the European Association for University Lifelong Learning (EUCEN) and the International Student Exchange Programme (ISEP).

In post-nominals the university's name is abbreviated as Melit; a shortened form of Melita (a Latinised form of the Greek Μελίτη).
William Bayard Jr.
William Bayard Jr. (1761 – September 18, 1826) was a prominent New York City banker and a member of the Society of the New York Hospital. He was a close friend to Alexander Hamilton, who was taken to his Greenwich Village home after his famous duel with Aaron Burr, where Hamilton later died.

Weill Cornell Medical Center
Weill Cornell Medical Center (/waɪl/; previously known as New York Hospital, Old New York Hospital, and City Hospital) is a research hospital in New York City. It is the teaching hospital for Cornell University's medical school and is part of NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital.

The hospital was founded in 1771 with a charter from George III. It is the second-oldest hospital in New York City and third-oldest hospital in the United States. Since 1912, it has been the main teaching hospital for Weill Cornell Medicine, the biomedical research unit and medical school of Cornell University.

Weill Cornell is located on East 68th Street and York Avenue on the Upper East Side of New York City. Prior to moving there in 1932, it was located on Broadway between Duane Street and Anthony Street on present-day Worth Street. In 1998, New York Hospital merged with Presbyterian Hospital to form NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital.
William J. Schwartz
William Joseph Schwartz (born March 28, 1950) is an American neurologist and scientist who serves as Professor and Associate Chair for Research and Education in the neurology department at the University of Texas Dell Medical School. His work on the neurobiology of circadian timekeeping has focused on the mammalian suprachiasmatic nucleus. Schwartz demonstrated that the suprachiasmatic nucleus is rhythmic in vivo using a 2-deoxyglucose radioactive marker for functional brain imaging. As of 2014, he is editor of the Journal of Biological Rhythms.

Suprachiasmatic nucleus
The suprachiasmatic nucleus or nuclei (SCN) is a small region of the brain in the hypothalamus, situated directly above the optic chiasm. It is responsible for regulating sleep cycles in animals. Reception of light inputs from photosensitive retinal ganglion cells allow it to coordinate the subordinate cellular clocks of the body and entrain to the environment. The neuronal and hormonal activities it generates regulate many different body functions in an approximately 24-hour cycle.

The SCN also interacts with many other regions of the brain. It contains several cell types, neurotransmitters and peptides, including vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal peptide.

Disruptions or damage to the SCN has been associated with different mood disorders and sleep disorders, suggesting the significance of the SCN in regulating circadian timing.
Clelia Farnese
Clelia Farnese (1552/1556 – 11 September 1613), was an Italian noblewoman, member of the House of Farnese, and by her two marriages Marchioness of Civitanova and Lady of Sassuolo. According to contemporaries, she was one of the most beautiful women of her time. She ruled as regent of the Lordship of Sassuolo during the absence of her second spouse Marco III Pio di Savoia, Lord of Sassuolo, in 1590-1594 and 1595-1599.

Sassuolo
Sassuolo (Italian pronunciation: [sasˈswɔːlo]; Modenese: Sasól [saˈsoːl]) is an Italian town, comune, and industrial centre of the Province of Modena in Emilia-Romagna.

Standing on the right bank of the river Secchia some 17 kilometres (11 mi) southwest of Modena, the town is best known for being the centre of the Italian tile industry and for being the home town of Serie A side U.S. Sassuolo Calcio.
Private Nurse
Private Nurse is a 1941 American drama film directed by David Burton and written by Samuel G. Engel. The film stars Jane Darwell, Brenda Joyce, Sheldon Leonard, Robert Lowery, Ann E. Todd and Kay Linaker. The film was released on August 22, 1941, by 20th Century Fox.

Jane Darwell
Jane Darwell (born Patti Woodard; October 15, 1879 – August 13, 1967) was an American actress of stage, film, and television. With appearances in more than 100 major movies spanning half a century, Darwell is perhaps best remembered for her poignant portrayal of the matriarch and leader of the Joad family in the film adaptation of John Steinbeck's The Grapes of Wrath, for which she received the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. She has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Richmond, Alabama
Richmond, also known as Warrenton, is an unincorporated community in Dallas County, Alabama, United States.  Richmond gained its name from Richmond County, New York, currently known as Staten Island and the birthplace for several early settlers, most notably the Crocherons.  Richmond has one site included on the National Register of Historic Places, the Street Manual Training School. Elm Bluff Plantation, owned by John Jay Crocheron, is nearby in Elm Bluff.

Elm Bluff, Alabama
Elm Bluff, also known as Centreport, Shepardsville, and Shepardville, is an unincorporated community in Dallas County, Alabama.  It was named for the nearby bluff on the Alabama River and the closely associated Elm Bluff Plantation.