hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cathode ray
Cathode rays are streams of electrons observed in discharge tubes. If an evacuated glass tube is equipped with two electrodes and a voltage is applied, glass behind the positive electrode is observed to glow, due to electrons emitted from the cathode (the electrode connected to the negative terminal of the voltage supply). They were first observed in 1859 by German physicist Julius Plücker and Johann Wilhelm Hittorf, and were named in 1876 by Eugen Goldstein Kathodenstrahlen, or cathode rays. In 1897, British physicist J. J. Thomson showed that cathode rays were composed of a previously unknown negatively charged particle, which was later named the electron. Cathode ray tubes (CRTs) use a focused beam of electrons deflected by electric or magnetic fields to render an image on a screen.

Cathode
A cathode is the electrode from which a conventional current leaves a polarized electrical device such as a lead–acid battery. This definition can be recalled by using the mnemonic CCD for Cathode Current Departs. Conventional current describes the direction in which positive charges move. Electrons, which are the carriers of current in most electrical systems, have a negative electrical charge, so the movement of electrons is opposite to that of the conventional current flow: this means that electrons flow into the device's cathode from the external circuit. For example, the end of a household battery marked with a + (plus) is the cathode.

The electrode through which conventional current flows the other way, into the device, is termed an anode.
The Diamond Dogs (Ted Lasso)
"The Diamond Dogs" is the eighth episode of the American sports comedy-drama television series Ted Lasso, based on the character played by Jason Sudeikis in a series of promos for NBC Sports' coverage of England's Premier League. The episode was written by Leann Bowen and directed by Declan Lowney. It was released on Apple TV+ on September 18, 2020.

The series follows Ted Lasso, an American college football coach, who is unexpectedly recruited to coach a fictional English Premier League soccer team, AFC Richmond, despite having no experience coaching soccer. The team's owner, Rebecca Welton, hires Lasso hoping he will fail as a means of exacting revenge on the team's previous owner, Rupert, her unfaithful ex-husband. In the episode, Ted seeks guidance after his divorce is finalized, while Keeley is unsure if Roy is really interested in a relationship.

The episode received extremely positive reviews from critics, who praised the performances, character development, writing and tone.

Declan Lowney
Declan Lowney (born 23 April 1960) is an Irish television and film director. Known initially for directing musical events such as the 1988 Eurovision Song Contest, Lowney has also directed Irish and British television comedies, including Cold Feet and Little Britain. He won a BAFTA Award in 1995 for directing Father Ted. He was awarded a second BAFTA Award in 2006 for his work on BBC comedy Help.

He has directed two feature films, Wild About Harry in 2000, and Alan Partridge: Alpha Papa in 2013.
Earl of Limerick
Earl of Limerick is a title that has been created twice in the Peerage of Ireland, associated first with the Dongan family, then with the Pery family. It should not be confused with the title Viscount of the City of Limerick (usually shortened to Viscount of Limerick, or Lord Limerick) held by the Hamilton family, also Earls of Clanbrassil.

Edmund Pery, 1st Earl of Limerick
Edmund Henry Pery, 1st Earl of Limerick PC (8 January 1758 – 7 December 1844), styled Lord Glentworth between 1794 and 1800, and then Viscount Limerick until 1803, was an Irish peer and politician who was a prominent supporter of the Acts of Union 1800. He was also noted for his strong anti-Catholic opinions.
Marcello Dudovich
Marcello Dudovich (21 March 1878 – 31 March 1962) was an Italian painter, illustrator, and poster designer. Together with Leonetto Cappiello, Adolfo Hohenstein, Giovanni Maria Mataloni and Leopoldo Metlicovitz he is considered one of the progenitors of Italian poster design.

Leonetto Cappiello
Leonetto Cappiello (9 April 1875  – 2 February 1942) was an Italian and French poster art designer and painter, who mainly lived and worked in Paris. He is now often called 'the father of modern advertising' because of his innovation in poster design.  The early advertising poster was characterized by a painterly quality as evidenced by early poster artists Jules Chéret, Alfred Choubrac and Hugo D'Alesi.  Cappiello, like other young artists, worked in a way that was almost the opposite of his predecessors. He was the first poster artist to use bold figures popping out of black backgrounds, a startling contrast to the posters early norm.
Sedrick Irvin
Sedrick Irvin (born March 30, 1978) is an American football coach and former player. He is the head coach at Raw 7v7. Irvin was the head football coach at Miami Senior High School and Westminster Christian School in Palmetto Bay, Florida. Irvin played college football at Michigan State University and professionally in the National Football League (NFL) with the Detroit Lions.

Miami Senior High School
Miami Senior High School, also known as Miami High School, is a public high school located at 2450 SW 1st Street in Miami, Florida, and operated by Miami-Dade County Public Schools. Founded in 1903, it is one of the oldest high schools in Miami-Dade County. The school building is famous for its architecture and is a historic landmark.  Miami Senior High School has a rich alumni base, with many graduates of the high school going on to varied, prominent careers. The high school originally served the earliest settling families of Miami in the first half of the 20th century. By the late 1960s, with an increase in Miami's population, its student body grew at a fast pace.
2024 Asia Contents Awards & Global OTT Awards
The 2024 Asia Contents Awards & Global OTT Awards (Korean: 2024 아시아콘텐츠어워즈&글로벌OTT어워즈), presented by Ministry of Science and ICT and Busan Metropolitan City,  took place on October 6, 2024, at BIFF Theater, Busan Cinema Center, Busan, South Korea. The awards ceremony was organized by Busan International Film Festival and Korea Radio Promotion Association, as an event of the 2024 edition of the festival. The Awards ceremony was hosted by Kang Ki-young and Tiffany Young.

On the award night attended by the Asian film and TV industry stars, Chinese TV series Blossoms Shanghai won two awards viz: Best Creative and Best Lead Actor awards. People's Choice Award male and female were awarded to Byeon Woo-seok and Kim Hye-yoon respectively. Coupang Play's Boyhood, a South Korean series by Lee Myung-woo won Best OTT Original award.

Blossoms Shanghai
Blossoms Shanghai (Chinese: 繁花; pinyin: Fán Huā; lit. 'Blossoms') is a Chinese drama television series directed and produced by Wong Kar-wai. It is adapted from the 2013 novel Blossoms written by Jin Yucheng. The series is set in Shanghai in the 1990s and stars Hu Ge, Ma Yili, Tiffany Tang, and Xin Zhilei. It is the first television series directed by Wong.

The 30-episode series started airing on CCTV-8 and Tencent Video on December 27, 2023.
R31 (South Africa)
The R31 is a provincial route in the Northern Cape of South Africa that connects Kimberley with the Namibian border at Rietfontein via Kuruman and Hotazel. It is co-signed with the R360 between Askham and Andriesvale.

Some sections of this road are gravel road.

Rietfontein
Rietfontein is a town in ZF Mgcawu District Municipality located in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It functions as the Rietfontein Borderpost with Namibia during the day hours of 08:00-16:30, that gives access to and from south-east Namibia via Aroab on the C16 main road.
Augusto Lima
Augusto César Lima Brito (born September 17, 1991) is a Brazilian-Spanish professional basketball player for San Pablo Burgos of the Liga ACB. He is 6 ft 10 in (2.08 m) tall and he can play as either a power forward or a center. He is left handed, but at the age of ten, his parents forced him to learn to write and shoot with the right. He was born in Rio de Janeiro.

CB San Pablo Burgos
Club Baloncesto San Pablo Burgos, S.A.D., previously known as Club Baloncesto Miraflores and also known as Silbö San Pablo Burgos by sponsorship reasons, is a professional basketball team based in Burgos, Spain and plays in the Coliseum Burgos. The team currently plays in Liga ACB. The club's biggest success has been winning the Basketball Champions League in 2020 and in 2021.
Lost Peak
Lost Peak is an 8,464-foot (2,580-metre) mountain summit located in western Okanogan County in Washington state. It is part of the Okanogan Range which is a subset of the North Cascades. This remote mountain is situated 16 mi (26 km) north of Mazama, and 7 mi (11 km) northwest of Big Craggy Peak. It is set in the Pasayten Wilderness, on land administered by the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. Lost Peak ranks 62nd of Washington's highest 100 peaks, and 63rd on the "Bulger List". Precipitation runoff from Lost Peak drains into tributaries of Lost River, which in turn is part of the Methow River drainage basin.

Big Craggy Peak
Big Craggy Peak is a prominent 8,478-foot (2,584-metre) mountain summit in western Okanogan County of Washington state, USA. It is part of the Okanogan Range which is a subrange of the North Cascades. This remote mountain is located 12.5 mi (20.1 km) north-northeast of Mazama on land administered by the Okanogan–Wenatchee National Forest. Big Craggy has two subsidiary peaks, North Peak (8,205-ft), and West Craggy (8,372-ft), the latter set on the Pasayten Wilderness boundary. The nearest higher peak is Monument Peak, 10 miles (16 km) to the west-northwest. Big Craggy Peak ranks 60th on Washington's highest 100 peaks, and 62nd on the "Bulger List". Precipitation runoff from Big Craggy drains into Eightmile Creek which is a tributary of the Chewuch River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises approximately 4,400 feet (1,300 meters) above Eightmile Creek in 1.25 mile (2 km).
Ghost Train (2025 film)
Ghost Train (Korean: 괴기열차) is a 2025 South Korean horror mystery film directed by Tak Se-woong and starring Joo Hyun-young, Jeon Bae-soo, and Choi Bo-min. The film depicts Da Kyung, a horror YouTuber hungry for attention, delves into the eerie mysteries of Gwanglim Station, a place plagued by a string of unexplained disappearances.

It was released theatrically on July 9, 2025 in South Korea.

Joo Hyun-young
Kim Hyun-young (Korean: 김현영; born January 14, 1996) better known by her stage name Joo Hyun-young (Korean: 주현영), is a South Korean actress. She gained recognition for her appearances in comedy-variety show SNL Korea in 2021 and television series Extraordinary Attorney Woo in 2022.
Union Arch Bridge
The Union Arch Bridge, also called the Cabin John Bridge, is a historic masonry structure in Cabin John, Maryland.  It was designed as part of the Washington Aqueduct. The bridge construction began in 1857 and was completed in 1864. The roadway surface was added later. The bridge was designed by Alfred Landon Rives and built by the United States Army Corps of Engineers under the direction of Lieutenant Montgomery C. Meigs.

The Union Arch Bridge was designated as a National Historic Civil Engineering Landmark by the American Society of Civil Engineers in 1972 and was listed in the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

American Society of Civil Engineers
The American Society of Civil Engineers (ASCE) is a tax-exempt professional body founded in 1852 to represent members of the civil engineering profession worldwide. Headquartered in Reston, Virginia, it is the oldest national engineering society in the United States. Its constitution was based on the older Boston Society of Civil Engineers from 1848.

ASCE is dedicated to the advancement of the science and profession of civil engineering and the enhancement of human welfare through the activities of society members. It has more than 143,000 members in 177 countries. Its mission is to provide essential value to members, their careers, partners, and the public; facilitate the advancement of technology; encourage and provide the tools for lifelong learning; promote professionalism and the profession; develop and support civil engineers.
Essential Rarities
Essential Rarities is a compilation album by the Doors, originally released as part of the boxed set The Complete Studio Recordings in 1999, but reissued in June 2000 as a single CD, containing studio cuts, live cuts and demos taken from the 1997 The Doors: Box Set.

The Complete Studio Recordings (The Doors album)
The Complete Studio Recordings is a seven compact disc box set by American rock group the Doors, released by Elektra on November 9, 1999. It contains six of the original nine Doors albums, digitally remastered with 24 bit audio. The album includes previously unreleased tracks that had surfaced on The Doors: Box Set, on disc seven. The albums are placed in chronological order.
U.S. Route 287 Business (Mansfield–Fort Worth, Texas)
Business US Highway 287-P (BU 287-P) is a 38.613-mile-long (62.142 km) business loop of US Highway 287 in the state of Texas that serves as main street for Mansfield, downtown Fort Worth and Saginaw. The highway is known as Main Street while in Mansfield, Mansfield Highway while in southern Fort Worth, Kennedale Parkway in Kennedale, Riverside Drive and Rosedale Street in central Fort Worth, Commerce Street in downtown Fort Worth, Main Street in northern Fort Worth, and Saginaw Boulevard in Saginaw. The highway was originally designated on January 14, 1991, to replace a portion of Loop 496, and the old route of US 287 and US 81. The route was then rerouted several times during the 1990s. Bus. US 287-P is located almost entirely in Tarrant County, and is mostly located in Fort Worth. The highway is, as of 2010, the longest business route of US 287, while located in Texas. Bus. US 287-P is one of the few highways to be designated as a north–south highway.

U.S. Route 287 in Texas
U.S. Highway 287 (US 287) in the U.S. state of Texas is a major U.S. Highway that begins on the Gulf Coast in Port Arthur and heads north through Fort Worth, northwest to Childress, Clarendon, Wichita Falls, and Amarillo in the Texas Panhandle and into Oklahoma near Kerrick.
Romance in Budapest
Romance in Budapest (Hungarian: Pardon, tévedtem) is a 1933 Hungarian romantic comedy film directed by Steve Sekely and Géza von Bolváry and starring Franciska Gaal, Paul Hörbiger and  S.Z. Sakall. It was shot at the Hunnia Studios in Budapest and on location around Balatonszabadi and Siófok. It is now considered a lost film. A separate German-language version Scandal in Budapest was also released.

Franciska Gaal
Franciska Gaal (born Franciska Silberspitz, 1 February 1903 – 13 August 1972) was a Hungarian cabaret artist and film actress of Jewish heritage. Gaal starred in a popular series of European romantic comedies during the 1930s. After attracting interest in Hollywood she moved there and made three films.
Battle of Vrpile
The Battle of Vrpile or Battle of Vrpile Gulch (Croatian: Bitka u klancu Vrpile), also known as the First Battle of Krbava Polje (Croatian: Prva krbavska bitka), was fought between the Kingdom of Croatia and the Ottoman Empire in early September 1491 at the Vrpile pass in central Croatia, near Korenica in Krbava. The Croatian army, led by Ban Ladislav of Egervár and Knez (Prince) Bernardin Frankopan, defeated the Ottomans who were on their way back from a raid into Carniola, to the Sanjak of Bosnia, carrying booty and Christian captives to be sold into slavery.

Ban (title)
Ban (/ˈbɑːn/) was the title of local rulers or officeholders, similar to viceroy, used in several states in Central and Southeastern Europe between the 7th and 20th centuries. The most common examples have been found in medieval Croatia and medieval regions ruled and influenced by the Kingdom of Hungary. They often ruled as the king's governmental representatives, supreme military commanders and judges, and in 18th century Croatia, even as chief government officials. In the Banate of Bosnia they were always de facto supreme rulers.
Irene Ibsen Bille
Irene Ibsen Bille (10 September 1901 – 22 February 1985) (née Irene Ibsen) was a Norwegian novelist and playwright.

She was born in Kristiania as a daughter of Prime Minister Sigurd Ibsen. She was a sister of Tancred Ibsen, paternal granddaughter of world-famous writer Henrik Ibsen and Suzannah Ibsen (née Thoresen), daughter of Bergliot Ibsen (née Bjørnson) and maternal granddaughter of Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson and Karoline Bjørnson (née Reimers).

Irene Ibsen married Danish writer Steen Andersen Josias Christopher Bille (called Josias), a member of the ancient noble Bille family, in 1930, and moved to Denmark. Her first dramatic work, Uten ansikt ('Faceless'), was published here. Kysset ('The Kiss') followed in 1965. In the same year she issued the novel Det leende vindu ('The Laughing Window'). She died in February 1985.

Bjørnstjerne Bjørnson
Bjørnstjerne Martinius Bjørnson (/ˈbjɜːrnsən/ BYURN-sən, Norwegian: [ˈbjø̂ːɳstjæːɳə mɑrˈtiːnɪʉ̂s ˈbjø̂ːɳsɔn]; 8 December 1832 – 26 April 1910) was a Norwegian writer who received the 1903 Nobel Prize in Literature "as a tribute to his noble, magnificent and versatile poetry, which has always been distinguished by both the freshness of its inspiration and the rare purity of its spirit". The first Norwegian Nobel laureate, he was a prolific polemicist and extremely influential in Norwegian public life and Scandinavian cultural debate. Bjørnson is considered to be one of the four great Norwegian writers, alongside Ibsen, Lie, and Kielland. He is also celebrated for his lyrics to the Norwegian national anthem, "Ja, vi elsker dette landet". The composer Fredrikke Waaler based a composition for voice and piano (Spinnersken) on a text by Bjørnson, as did Anna Teichmüller (Die Prinzessin).
Ramadan ibn Alauddin
Ramadan ibn Alauddin (1312―April 11, 1349, رمضان ابن علاء الدين Ramaḍān ibn Alāʼ ud-Dīn) was a Yuan darughachi (governor) of Luchuan Prefecture in Rongzhou, Guangxi Province, of Muslim faith and Korean provenance. He served until his death in 1349. His existence is known only from an epitaph in the cemetery of the Huaisheng Mosque in Guangzhou. Ramadan is notable for being the first named Muslim from Korea, although it is unclear whether he was of Korean ethnicity.

Darughachi
Darughachi (Mongol form) or Basqaq (Turkic form) were originally designated officials in the Mongol Empire who were in charge of taxes and administration in a certain province. The singular form of the Mongolian word is darugha. They were sometimes referred to as governors. The term corresponds to dārugheh (Persian: داروغه ) and basqaq or baskak in Turkic, dálǔhuāchì in Pinyin or ta lu hua ch'ih in Wade–Giles (Traditional Chinese characters: 達魯花赤; Simplified Chinese characters: 达鲁花赤) in Chinese.
CAE Aviation
CAE Aviation is an aviation company based in Luxembourg providing services such as aerial surveillance, reconnaissance, parachuting and maintenance to various international governmental agencies and private operators.

Surveillance aircraft
Surveillance aircraft or observation aircraft are aircraft used for aerial surveillance. They are primarily operated by military forces and government agencies in roles including intelligence gathering, maritime patrol, battlefield and airspace surveillance, observation (e.g. artillery spotting), and law enforcement.

Surveillance aircraft usually carry limited defensive armament, if any. They do not require high-performance capability or stealth characteristics and may be modified civilian aircraft. Surveillance aircraft have also included moored balloons (e.g. TARS) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs).
Civil War Memorial (Savannah, Georgia)
The Civil War Memorial in Savannah, Georgia, is a monument honoring soldiers who died during the American Civil War. Located in Forsyth Park, it consists of a 48-foot (15 m) tall shaft topped with a bronze statue of a Confederate soldier. Two bronze busts commemorating notable Confederate army officers flank the monument, which is protected by a railing, one of the only two that still stand around a monument, the other being the Casimir Pulaski Monument in Monterey Square. Originally known as the Confederate Monument, it was dedicated in 1875 to honor Confederate soldiers who died during the Civil War. Following the Unite the Right rally (in Charlottesville, Virginia in August 2017), the city of Savannah renamed and rededicated the structure in 2018. The monument is one of the oldest and largest Confederate monuments in Georgia.

Forsyth Park
Forsyth Park (formerly known as Forsyth Place and Ward and the Military Parade Ground) is a large city park that occupies 30 acres (0.12 km2) in the historic district of Savannah, Georgia, United States. The park is bordered by Gaston Street to the north, Drayton Street to the east, Park Avenue to the south and Whitaker Street to the west. It contains walking paths, a children's play area, a Fragrant Garden for the blind, a large fountain, tennis courts, basketball courts, areas for soccer and Frisbee, and home field for Savannah Shamrocks Rugby Club. From time to time, there are concerts held at Forsyth to the benefit of the public.
Davenport Neck
Davenport Neck is a peninsula in New Rochelle, New York, extending southwesterly from the mainland into Long Island Sound, and running parallel to the main shore. It divides the city's waterfront into two, with New Rochelle Harbor to the south and southwest, and Echo Bay, to the north and northeast. Glen Island and Neptune Island lie just to the west of the Neck, and Davids and Huckleberry islands lie to the south.

The Neck is one of the most important historical localities in the City of New Rochelle. Before white settlements, Siwanoy Indians encamped here, finding an abundant source of fish and wildlife.  Until the early 19th century tidal mills produced flour and other goods for local use and for export. With the advent of steamboat, and the resorts and inns that sprang up along the waterfront as a result, New Rochelle became an enormously popular destination by the mid-1800s. Davenport Neck was the choice location for the "summer homes" of wealthy vacationers.

Davids Island (New York)
Davids Island is a 78-acre (32 ha) island off the coast of New Rochelle, New York, in Long Island Sound. Currently uninhabited, it was previously the site of Fort Slocum. The island is home to the endangered Kemp's ridley sea turtle, and birds such as osprey and least terns. Davids Island also supports valuable wetlands, rare rocky intertidal areas, and sandy beaches. The waters surrounding the island are home to winter flounder, Atlantic herring, and Atlantic silverside.
Bjæverskov
Bjæverskov is a town in Køge Municipality, with a population of 3,236 (1 January 2025) at the road between Køge and Ringsted about 10 kilometres west of Køge and 16 kilometres/10 miles east of Ringsted.

Køge
Køge (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkʰøː(j)ə], older spelling Kjøge) is a Danish seaport on the coast of Køge Bugt (Bay of Køge) 39 km southwest of Copenhagen. It is the principal town and seat of Køge Municipality, Region Zealand, Denmark. In 2025, the urban area had a population of 38,506.

The natural harbour and strategic location have given Køge a long history as a market town. Today, that past is evident in a well-preserved old town centre with many half-timbered houses.

Køge is located in the Copenhagen metropolitan area and is connected to downtown Copenhagen by the E line of the S-train commuter rail system. Køge is also on the Copenhagen-Ringsted Line that was opened in June 2019. The new line positioned Køge as a central hub in Denmark's transport system.