hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Scurlark Moore
Robert Scurlark Moore (September 5, 1895 – January 27, 1978) was a major general in the United States Army Finance Corps who served as a military liaison officer to the Senate and House Appropriations Committees for nearly three decades. When the Army refused to make him a general officer, Congress twice used appropriations bills to promote him anyway.

United States Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense
The U.S. Senate Appropriations Subcommittee on Defense is one of twelve subcommittees of the U.S. Senate Committee on Appropriations. Military defense spending is the largest individual component of federal discretionary spending, making the Defense Subcommittee one of the more powerful Appropriations subcommittees.  When referring to federal discretionary spending as a whole, many budget analysts make a distinction between defense and non-defense discretionary spending. The United States Senate Committee on Appropriations has joint jurisdiction with the United States House Committee on Appropriations over all appropriations bills in the United States Congress. Each committee has 12 matching subcommittees, each of which is tasked with working on one of the twelve annual regular appropriations bills.
Shah Nawaz Bhutto
Shah Nawaz Bhutto (8 March 1888 – 19 November 1957) was a Pakistani politician and landowner who was the head of the Bhutto family and served as the last prime minister (dewan) of Junagadh from 1947 to 1948, when India invaded and annexed the state. He represented Sind in the Bombay Legislative Council from 1921 to 1936. He was the father of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto, the fourth president and ninth prime minister of Pakistan.

Order of the Indian Empire
The Most Eminent Order of the Indian Empire is an order of chivalry founded by Queen Victoria on 1 January 1878. The Order includes members of three classes:

Knight Grand Commander (GCIE)

Knight Commander (KCIE)

Companion (CIE)

Appointments terminated after 1947, the year that British India became the independent Union of India and Dominion of Pakistan. With the death of the last surviving knight, the Maharaja Meghrajji III of Dhrangadhra, the order became dormant in 2010.
The motto of the Order is Imperatricis auspiciis, (Latin for "Under the auspices of the Empress"), a reference to Queen Victoria, the first Empress of India. The Order is the junior British order of chivalry associated with the British Indian Empire; the senior one is The Most Exalted Order of the Star of India.
Jesper Langballe
Jesper Marquard Langballe (31 August 1939 – 15 March 2014) was a Danish Lutheran priest, author and politician who represented the right-wing populist Danish People's Party (Danish: Dansk Folkeparti) in the Danish parliament, Folketinget, from 2001 to 2011. Langballe was elected in the Viborg constituency. His son Christian Langballe was elected to the Folketinget in 2011.

Lars Hedegaard
Lars Hedegaard Jensen (born 19 September 1942) is a Danish author, historian, editor, journalist and critic of Islam. He established the International Free Press Society in 2009, an extension of the Danish Free Press Society founded in 2004, of which he served as chairman until 2014. Hedegaard was the target of an assassination attempt in 2013, after which he has lived under police protection.
Márcio Mossoró
José Márcio da Costa (born 4 July 1983), known as Márcio Mossoró, is a Brazilian former professional footballer who played as a midfielder.

His nickname stemmed for his birthplace. He spent most of his professional career in Portugal, representing mainly Braga where he appeared in 175 official matches over five seasons. In 2014 he signed with İstanbul Başakşehir from Turkey, where he also endured a lengthy spell.

2005 Copa do Brasil
The Copa do Brasil 2005 was the 17th staging of the Copa do Brasil.

The competition started on February 2, 2005 and concluded on June 22, 2005 with the second leg of the final, held at the Estádio São Januário in Rio de Janeiro, in which Paulista lifted the trophy for the first time after a 0-0 draw with Fluminense.

Fred, of Cruzeiro, with 15 goals, was the competition's topscorer.
Bartolomé Calvo
Bartolomé Calvo Díaz de Lamadrid (August 24, 1815 – January 2, 1889) was a Colombian lawyer, journalist, and statesman, who became President of the Granadine Confederation, in what is now Colombia, in 1861 in his role as Inspector General, because no elections were held on that year to decide the presidency. He also served as Governor of Panama and Ambassador to Ecuador, and worked in a number of newspapers.

Designate (Colombia)
Under the Colombian Constitution of 1886 the Designate was a person—a member of the Senate or member of the Cabinet—selected to act as President when the incumbent was dead, ill or otherwise unable to discharge the duties of office.

The Designate was elected by the Senate at the beginning of each Legislature (in Colombian law, a "Legislature" is approximately equivalent to a session of the United States Congress: i.e. it is the one-year period that a Congress sits for, rather than the whole Congress itself). The Designate could be indefinitely reelected during only one Presidency.

The concept of the Designate survived until the Colombian Constitution of 1991, when the office of Vice President reappeared.
Clayton Cramer
Clayton E. Cramer is an American amateur historian, author and gun rights activist. He played an important early role in documenting errors in the book Arming America by Michael A. Bellesiles.

His work was cited by the United States District Court for the Northern District of Texas in United States v. Emerson, 46 F.Supp.2d 598 (N.D.Tex. 1999). His research also informed the Supreme Court decision in the Second Amendment cases District of Columbia v. Heller and McDonald v. Chicago.

Dave Kopel
David B. Kopel (born January 7, 1960) is an American author, attorney, gun rights advocate, and contributing editor to several publications.

As of August 2021, he is research director of the Independence Institute, associate policy analyst at the Cato Institute, adjunct professor of advanced constitutional law at Denver University, Sturm College of Law and contributes to the Volokh Conspiracy legal blog. Previously he was adjunct professor of law, New York University, and former assistant attorney general for Colorado.

Kopel is also a life member of the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, and, as of 2010, served on the board of directors of the Colorado Union of Taxpayers.
Etobicoke North (provincial electoral district)
Etobicoke North is a provincial electoral district in Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It elects one member to the Legislative Assembly of Ontario. It is currently the constituency of Doug Ford, the Premier of Ontario.

It was created in 1999 from parts of Etobicoke—Rexdale and Etobicoke—Humber. At the time, it included all of Etobicoke north of a line following the 401 to Dixon Road to Royal York Road to La Rose Avenue. In 2007, the southern border was altered to follow Dixon Road all the way to Humber River.

Humber (provincial electoral district)
Humber was a provincial electoral district (riding) in Ontario, Canada. It was created prior to the 1955 provincial election from parts of the York West and York South ridings. It was eliminated in 1996, when most of its territory was incorporated into the ridings of Etobicoke Centre and Etobicoke—Lakeshore. Humber was located in the municipalities of York, Toronto, and Etobicoke.

The riding went through two name changes and several boundary changes during its lifetime. From 1955 to 1963 it was known as York—Humber and existed mostly on the east side of the Humber River. From 1963 to 1987 it was known as Humber, and in 1987 it was changed to Etobicoke-Humber. From 1963 onwards it was mostly on the west side of the river.
Direct Blue 15
Direct Blue 15 is an organic compound that is classified as an azo dye.  It is a dark blue water soluble solid.  It is a popular substantive dye, which means that it useful for dying cotton and related cellulosic materials.  It is produced by azo coupling of o-dianisidine with the appropriate naphthalene disulfonate.

Azo dye
Azo dyes are organic compounds bearing the functional group R−N=N−R′, in which R and R′ are usually aryl and substituted aryl groups. They are a commercially important family of azo compounds, i.e. compounds containing the C−N=N−C linkage. Azo dyes are synthetic dyes and do not occur naturally. Most azo dyes contain only one azo group but there are some that contain two or three azo groups, called "diazo dyes" and "triazo dyes" respectively. Azo dyes comprise 60–70% of all dyes used in food and textile industries. Azo dyes are widely used to treat textiles,  leather articles, and some foods. Chemically related derivatives of azo dyes include azo pigments, which are insoluble in water and other solvents.
Disney Music Group
Disney Music Group (DMG) is the music recording and publishing arm of Walt Disney Studios, a division of Disney Entertainment, which is owned by The Walt Disney Company. It is located at the studio's headquarters in Burbank, California. The division's subsidiaries consist of two owned record labels—Walt Disney Records and Hollywood Records—along with Disney Music Publishing, the publishing entity that administers the company's music, as well as Disney Concerts. Disney Music's Vevo account on YouTube is currently one of the most-viewed YouTube channels as of June 2023.

Disney Entertainment
Disney Entertainment is one of the three major divisions of the Walt Disney Company created on February 8, 2023. It consists of the company's entertainment media and content businesses, including its motion picture film studios, television divisions and streaming services. Disney operates the largest television and films studio in Hollywood.
Kitty Flanagan
Kitty Flanagan (born 1968) is an Australian comedian, writer and actress. She is known for portraying Helen Tudor-Fisk in the television comedy program Fisk, which she also co-created, co-wrote and co-directed. Flanagan also starred as Rhonda Stewart in the comedy Utopia. She spent eight years based in the UK and performing around the world (2001–2009) and has performed at the Edinburgh Festival Fringe and Just For Laughs in Montreal, Canada. Flanagan won the AACTA Award for Best Comedy Performer in 2021 and has won the Silver Logie for four consecutive years in a row from 2022, for her work in Fisk and Utopia.

Have You Been Paying Attention?
Have You Been Paying Attention? (abbreviated as HYBPA?) is an Australian panel game television quiz show on Network 10. The series, which is produced by Working Dog Productions, is a mix of news and comedy which sees host Tom Gleisner quiz five guests (of whom Ed Kavalee and Sam Pang are permanent panellists) on the week's top news stories.

Despite a disappointing start in ratings, and initially a change in timeslot and format, the series has proven to be a consistent performer for Network Ten, having its ratings increase with successive seasons and receiving critical acclaim. The show has won a total of nine Logie Awards, for Most Popular Entertainment Program (2017), Most Outstanding Entertainment Program (2017 and 2019), Most Popular Comedy Program (2018, 2019, 2022 and 2023) and Best Comedy Entertainment Program (2024 and 2025).
Chondrostega vandalicia
Chondrostega vandalicia is a moth of the  family Lasiocampidae. It is endemic to the Iberian Peninsula.

Adult males have grey wings with a wingspan of about 15 millimetres (0.59 in). They are weak fliers. Females have reduced wings and are incapable of flight. Adult males are on the wing from August to September.

The larvae can be found from November to April and mainly feed on grass species such as Nardus stricta, Festuca and Anthoxanthum aristatum, but also other low growing plants such as Hypochaeris radicata.

Lasiocampidae
The Lasiocampidae are a family of moths also known as eggars, tent caterpillars, snout moths (although this also refers to the Pyralidae), or lappet moths. Over 2,000 species occur worldwide, and probably not all have been named or studied. It is the sole family in superfamily Lasiocampoidea.
JSJ decomposition
In the mathematical field of topology, the JSJ decomposition, also known as the toral decomposition, is a decomposition of a 3-manifold into a finite number of simpler pieces by cutting along a finite number of embedded tori. Each piece is either atoroidal (cannot be cut along an embedded torus in an interesting way) or Seifert-fibered (can be decomposed into a disjoint union of circles in a nice way).

The statement of the JSJ decomposition is as follows:

Irreducible orientable compact 3-manifolds have a unique (up to isotopy) minimal collection of disjointly embedded incompressible tori such that each component of the 3-manifold obtained by cutting along the tori is either atoroidal or Seifert-fibered.

The acronym JSJ is for William Jaco, Peter Shalen, and Klaus Johannson.  The first two worked together, and the third worked independently.

3-manifold
In mathematics, a 3-manifold is a topological space that locally looks like a three-dimensional Euclidean space. A 3-manifold can be thought of as a possible shape of the universe. Just as a sphere looks like a plane (a tangent plane) to a small and close enough observer, all 3-manifolds look like our universe to a small enough observer. This is made more precise in the definition below.
4 Squadron SAAF
No. 4 Squadron SAAF was a South African Air Force unit which served during World War II.

It was resurrected in 1951 and remained active until 1958. Its final period of active service was from 1961 to 1991. Its final aircraft were Impala Mk IIs. It was based at Lanseria Airport at the time of final disbandment.

J. R. M. Butler
Sir James Ramsay Montagu Butler, OBE (20 July 1889 – 1 March 1975) was a British politician and academic. He was a member of parliament for Cambridge University from 1922 to 1923. He was Regius Professor of Modern History at the University of Cambridge from 1947 to 1954, and vice-master of Trinity College, Cambridge, from 1954 to 1960. He also saw military service during both the First and Second World Wars.
Lumina Shanghai
Lumina Shanghai (Chinese: 星扬西岸中心; pinyin: xīng yáng xī'àn zhōngxīn), also known as the Henderson Xuhui Tower, is a 61-floor contemporary skyscraper in Xuhui, Shanghai. It was designed by Xiaomei Lee and Raymon Chen of Gensler and built from 2017 to 2021. According to CTBUH, as of March 2024, at 285.1m, it is the tallest building in Xuhui, the seventh-tallest building in Shanghai, 151st-tallest in China, 180th-tallest in Asia, and 288th-tallest in the world. The building has received a LEED Gold pre-certification and a China Green 3-star certification for sustainability.

Gensler
Gensler is a global design and architecture firm headquartered in San Francisco, California. It is the largest architecture firm in the world by revenue and number of architects.

In 2022, Gensler generated $1.785 billion in revenue, the most of any architecture firm in the U.S. As of late 2023, Gensler operated offices in 53 cities in 17 countries worldwide, working for clients in over 100 countries.
Windham-1 Vermont Representative District, 2002–2012
The Windham-1 Representative District is a one-member state Representative district in the U.S. state of Vermont.  It is one of the 108 one or two member districts into which the state was divided by the redistricting and reapportionment plan developed by the Vermont General Assembly following the 2000 United States census.  The plan applies to legislatures elected in 2002, 2004, 2006, 2008, and 2010.  A new plan will be developed in 2012 following the 2010 United States census.

The Windham-1 District includes all of the Windham County towns of Guilford and Vernon.

As of the 2000 census, the state as a whole had a population of 608,827. As there are a total of 150 representatives, there were 4,059 residents per representative (or 8,118 residents per two representatives). The one member Windham-1 District had a population of 4,187 in that same census, 3.15% above the state average.

Vernon, Vermont
Vernon is a town in Windham County, Vermont, in the United States. The population was 2,192 at the 2020 census. Vernon is the site of the now-defunct Vermont Yankee, the state of Vermont's only nuclear power plant, which closed in December 2014.
David le Boiteux
David le Boiteux (c.1550–1612) was Recteur or Principal of the Acadèmie de Calvin in Geneva from 1592 to 1595, 
Pasteur in Russin from 1577 and in Geneva from 1585, secretary to Théodore de Bèze from 1584, secretary to the Compagnie des pasteurs de Genève between 1592 and 1598, and Head librarian of the Library of Geneva between 1598 and 1612.

Theodore Beza
Theodore Beza (Latin: Theodorus Beza; French: Théodore de Bèze or de Besze; 24 June 1519 – 13 October 1605) was a French Calvinist Protestant theologian, reformer and scholar who played an important role in the Protestant Reformation. He was a disciple of John Calvin and lived most of his life in Geneva. Beza succeeded Calvin as the spiritual leader of the Republic of Geneva.
József Szájer
József Szájer (born 7 September 1961) is a retired Hungarian politician and former Member of the European Parliament (MEP) of the Fidesz party. He resigned as MEP on 29 November 2020 (effective at the end of December) after having been caught by Belgian police after a gay sex orgy on the night of 27 November, in violation of local COVID-19 regulations.

Klára Ungár
Klára Ungár (born August 14, 1958, in Budapest) is a Hungarian politician. She sat in the National Assembly for the Alliance of Free Democrats until 1998. She is one of the first openly homosexual female politicians in Hungary.
Charles Meylan
Charles Meylan (23 June 1868, Le Brassus – 3 June 1941, Sainte-Croix) was a Swiss botanist.

From 1888 to 1926 he was a schoolteacher in the community of La Chaux, located near Sainte-Croix (Canton of Vaud). In 1922 he obtained an honorary doctorate from the University of Lausanne. He made contributions in the fields of lichenology and bryology (mosses and liverworts), and is also known for his research of Myxomycetes.

Taxa with the specific epithet of meylanii honor him, two examples being Calypogeia meylanii and Hymenostomum meylanii.

Bryology
Bryology (from Greek bryon, a moss, a liverwort) is the branch of botany concerned with the scientific study of bryophytes (mosses, liverworts, and hornworts). Bryologists are botanists who have an active interest in observing, recording, classifying or researching bryophytes. The field is often studied along with lichenology due to the similar appearance and ecological niche of the two organisms, even though bryophytes and lichens are not classified in the same kingdom.
Oksana Kurt
Oksana Kurt, also known as Oksana Parkhomenko, (born 28 July 1984 in Baku, Azerbaijan SSR); is a retired Azerbaijani indoor volleyball player, recognized as one of the most successful volleyball players in her country. Kurt is the most capped player in the history of Azerbaijan women's national team and was the team captain from 2006 until 2015. She retired from volleyball in 2015 and works as a volleyball manager.

WVC Dynamo Moscow
WVC Dinamo Moscow (Russian: ЖВК Динамо Москва) is a Russian professional women's volleyball club based in Moscow which is currently playing in the Super League. It was established in 1926 and dissolved in 1992, but was reestablished in 2004. It is the most successful team in Soviet women's volleyball history with fourteen Championship titles and the most successful team in the CEV Women's Champions League history with eleven titles.
Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History
The Royal Museum of the Armed Forces and Military History (French: Musée royal de l'Armée et d'Histoire militaire; Dutch: Koninklijk Museum van het Leger en de Krijgsgeschiedenis), also known as the Royal Military Museum (French: Musée royal de l'Armée (MRA); Dutch: Koninklijk Legermuseum (KLM)), is a military museum that occupies the two northernmost halls of the historic complex in the Parc du Cinquantenaire/Jubelpark in Brussels, Belgium. This site is served by Brussels-Schuman railway station, as well as by the metro stations Schuman and Merode on lines 1 and 5.

Schuman metro station
Schuman (French pronunciation: [ʃuman]) is a Brussels Metro station on lines 1 and 5. It is located under the Rue de la Loi/Wetstraat in the City of Brussels, Belgium. The station received its name from the aboveground Robert Schuman Roundabout, itself named after Robert Schuman, one of the founding fathers of the European Union, the Council of Europe and NATO.

The station opened on 17 December 1969 as a premetro (underground tram) station on the tram line between De Brouckère and Schuman. This station was upgraded to full metro status on 20 September 1976, serving former east–west line 1 (further split in 1982 into former lines 1A and 1B). Then, following the reorganisation of the Brussels Metro on 4 April 2009, it now lies on the joint section of east–west lines 1 and 5.

The metro station is located under Schuman railway station, serving Brussels' European Quarter.
Fréchet–Urysohn space
In the field of topology, a Fréchet–Urysohn space is a topological space  with the property that for every subset  the closure of  in  is identical to the sequential closure of  in  
Fréchet–Urysohn spaces are a special type of sequential space.

The property is named after Maurice Fréchet and Pavel Urysohn.

Strong dual space
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, the strong dual space of a topological vector space (TVS)  is the continuous dual space  of  equipped with the strong (dual) topology or the topology of uniform convergence on bounded subsets of  where this topology is denoted by  or  The coarsest polar topology is called weak topology. 
The strong dual space plays such an important role in modern functional analysis, that the continuous dual space is usually assumed to have the strong dual topology unless indicated otherwise. 
To emphasize that the continuous dual space,  has the strong dual topology,  or  may be written.
Motor-vehicle inspection (Japan)
Shaken (車検), a contraction of Jidōsha Kensa Tōrokuseido (自動車検査登録制度, "automobile inspection registration system"), is the name of the vehicle inspection program in Japan for motor vehicles over 250 cc in engine displacement.

Headlamp
A headlamp is a lamp attached to the front of a vehicle to illuminate the road ahead. Headlamps are also often called headlights, but in the most precise usage, headlamp is the term for the device itself and headlight is the term for the beam of light produced and distributed by the device.

Headlamp performance has steadily improved throughout the automobile age, spurred by the great disparity between daytime and nighttime traffic fatalities: the US National Highway Traffic Safety Administration states that nearly half of all traffic-related fatalities occur in the dark, despite only 25% of traffic travelling during darkness.

Other vehicles, such as trains and aircraft, are required to have headlamps. Bicycle headlamps are often used on bicycles, and are required in some jurisdictions. They can be powered by a battery or a small generator like a bottle or hub dynamo.
Leprosy in India
Leprosy currently affects approximately a quarter of a million people throughout the world, with the majority of these cases being reported from  India.

India is a signatory of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (UNCRPD). India is currently running one of the largest leprosy eradication program in the world, the National Leprosy Eradication Program (NLEP). Despite this, 120,000 to 130,000 new cases of leprosy are reported every year in India. This is 58.8% of the global total of new cases.

National Leprosy Eradication Program
National Leprosy Eradication Program is a  health scheme of the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare, Government of India to eradicate leprosy in India. It was launched in 1983 as a continuation of the National Leprosy Control Program of 1955.