hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ellen Gosse
Lady Ellen 'Nellie' Gosse (née Epps; 23 March 1850 – 29 August 1929) was a British landscape painter. Her work was exhibited across Great Britain and Europe, including at the  Royal Academy, Royal Scottish Academy, and Paris Salon. Part of an artistic family, her sisters Laura Theresa Alma-Tadema, Emily Williams, Amy Epps, and her daughter Sylvia Gosse were also all painters. Her husband Sir Edmund Gosse was an English poet, author and critic.

Royal Scottish Academy
The Royal Scottish Academy (RSA) is the country's national academy of art. It promotes contemporary Scottish art.

The Academy was founded in 1826 by eleven artists meeting in Edinburgh. Originally named the Scottish Academy, it became the Royal Scottish Academy on being granted a royal charter in 1838.

The RSA maintains a unique position in the country as an independently funded institution led by eminent artists and architects to promote and support the creation, understanding, and enjoyment of visual arts through exhibitions and related educational events.
Martin Cardinal
Constable Martin Cardinal is an Ottawa Police Service member who sparked national outrage on November 25, 2000, when an amateur video taken by Darcy Peterson from his balcony showed an officer repetitively slamming a handcuffed and restrained female's head on his police cruiser.

Police car
A police car is an emergency vehicle used by police for transportation during patrols and responses to calls for service. Police cars are used by police officers to patrol a beat, quickly reach incident scenes, and transport and temporarily detain suspects.

Police vehicles, like other emergency vehicles, usually bear livery markings to distinguish them as such. They generally use emergency lights (typically red, blue, or both) and sirens to warn other motorists of their presence, especially when responding to calls for service. Police cars typically contain communication devices, weaponry, and a variety of equipment for dealing with emergency situations. The vast majority of police cars are modified variants of civilian-market automobiles, though some are custom police-oriented models that are usually designed for special purposes.
Gymnarrhena
Gymnarrhena is a deviant genus of plants in the family Asteraceae, with only one known species, Gymnarrhena micrantha. It is native to North Africa and the Middle East, as far east as Balochistan. Together with the very different Cavea tanguensis, it constitutes the tribe Gymnarrheneae, and the subfamily Gymnarrhenoideae.

Gymnarrhena is a small, flowering, winter annual with a rosette of simple, narrow leaves and flower heads cropped at its heart. It does not contain latex and does not carry spines. Gymnarrhena flowers in March and April. One of the common names in Arabic is كَف الكَلْب meaning "dog's footprint", while in Hebrew it is called מוצנית קטנת-פרחים  meaning "small chaff flower".

Corymbium
Corymbium is a genus of flowering plants in the daisy family comprising nine species. It is the only genus in the subfamily Corymbioideae and the tribe Corymbieae. The species have leaves with parallel veins, strongly reminiscent of monocots, in a rosette and compounded inflorescences may be compact or loosely composed racemes, panicles or corymbs. Remarkable for species in the daisy family, each flower head contains just one, bisexual, mauve, pink or white disc floret within a sheath consisting of just two large involucral bracts. The species are all endemic to the Cape Floristic Region of South Africa, where they are known as plampers.
Libyan desert glass
Libyan desert glass or Great Sand Sea glass is an impactite, made mostly of lechatelierite, found in areas in the eastern Sahara, in the deserts of eastern Libya and western Egypt. Fragments of desert glass can be found over areas of tens of square kilometers. Like obsidian, it was knapped and used to make tools during the Pleistocene.

Impactite
Impactite is rock created or modified by one or more impacts of a meteorite. Impactites are considered metamorphic rock, because their source materials were modified by the heat and pressure of the impact. On Earth, impactites consist primarily of modified terrestrial material, sometimes with pieces of the original meteorite.
Gone (2021 film)
Gone is a 2021 Nigerian emotional and dramatic film written and directed by Daniel Ademinokan. It was co-produced by Joy Odiete and Daniel Ademinokan with Asurf Oluseyi and line producer under the production and distribution company of Blue Pictures Studios in conjunction with Index Two Studios. The movie stars Ada Ameh, Sam Dede, Bimbo Manuel, Bimbo Ademoye and Emma Oh My God.

Sam Dede
Samuel Dedetoku, popularly known by his stage name Sam Dede (born 17 November 1965), is a Nigerian veteran actor, director, politician and lecturer. Sam Dede, as he is widely known in movies, studied Theatre Arts at the University of Port Harcourt.
Renegade Warriors
The Renegade Warriors, also known as the Youngblood Brothers, were a professional wrestling tag team composed of brothers Mark (Mark Romero) and Chris Youngblood (Christopher Romero). They performed under the name "The Renegade Warriors" in All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), World Championship Wrestling (WCW), World Class Championship Wrestling (WCCW), and the World Wrestling Council (WWC) and the name "Tribal Nation" in the Global Wrestling Federation (GWF). They are the sons of Ricky Romero and the brothers of Jay Youngblood.

World Wrestling Council
The World Wrestling Council (WWC; Spanish: "Consejo Mundial de Lucha") is a professional wrestling promotion based in Puerto Rico. It was originally established as Capitol Sports Promotions in 1973 by Carlos Colón, Victor Jovica, and Gorilla Monsoon. By the mid-1990s, the promotion had changed its name to the World Wrestling Council. It was a member of the National Wrestling Alliance until 1988. WWC is among the oldest professional wrestling promotions in the world and one of only eight in the entire world to reach its 50th anniversary in continuous operation.
Monthly Abstract Bulletin
Monthly Abstract Bulletin is a monthly scientific journal documenting recent developments in photographing and printing, published in Rochester, New York from 1915 to 1961. It is authored by Kodak Research Laboratories, associated with the Anso company, and is published by the Eastman Kodak Company. It was John H. Dessauer, a former employee of Anco incidentally, who spotted an article about electrostatic photography, later known as xerography in the Monthly Abstract Bulletin in April 1945 and recognized its potential for copying, who together with Chester Carlson and businessman Joseph C. Wilson were behind the success of the Xerox Corporation.

Xerography
Xerography (from the Greek roots ξηρός xeros, meaning "dry" and -‍γραφία -‍graphia, meaning "writing") is a technique of printing and photocopying. Originally called electrophotography, it was renamed to emphasize that it uses no liquid chemicals, unlike reproduction techniques then in use such as cyanotype.
Spence v. Washington
Spence v. Washington, 418 U.S. 405 (1974), was a United States Supreme Court case dealing with non-verbal free speech and its protections under the First Amendment. The Court, in a per curiam decision, ruled that a Washington state law that banned the display of the American flag adorned with additional decorations was unconstitutional as it violated protected speech. The case established the Spence test that has been used by the judicial system to determine when non-verbal speech may be sufficiently expressive for First Amendment protections.

Per curiam decision
In law, a per curiam decision or opinion (sometimes called an unsigned opinion) is one that is not authored by or attributed to a specific judge, but rather ascribed to the entire court or panel of judges who heard the case. The term per curiam is Latin for 'by the court'.
Deepar Beel Wildlife Sanctuary
Deepar Beel Wildlife Sanctuary is a protected area in Assam, India. It is located to the south-west of Guwahati, covering an area of about 4.14 km². The sanctuary was notified in 1989 to protect the unique wetland ecosystem of Deepor Beel, a permanent freshwater lake and Ramsar site.

The lake and sanctuary are important habitats for many resident and migratory bird species, including globally threatened species such as the spot-billed pelican and greater adjutant. It also supports fish, amphibians, reptiles, and mammals, and plays a key role in maintaining the ecological balance of the Brahmaputra River floodplains.

Dipor Bil
Dipor Bil, also spelled Deepor Beel  (Pron: dɪpɔ:(r) bɪl) (bil or beel means "lake" in the local Assamese language), is located to the south-west of Guwahati city, in Kamrup Metropolitan district of Assam, India.
It is a permanent freshwater lake, in a former channel of the Brahmaputra River, to the south of the main river. In 1989, 4.1 km² of the area was declared a wildlife sanctuary by the Government of Assam. It is listed as a wetland under the Ramsar Convention which designated the lake as a Ramsar Site in November 2002 for undertaking conservation measures on the basis of its biological and environmental importance.

Considered one of the largest beels in the Brahmaputra valley of Lower Assam, it is categorised as representative of the wetland type under the Burma monsoon forest biogeographic region.
Tony Lynch
Anthony Junior Lynch (born 20 January 1966) is an English former professional footballer who played as a left winger in the Football League for Brentford and Barnet. Either side of his spells with the two clubs, he played non-League football for Maidstone United, Wealdstone, Stevenage Borough, Kettering Town and Hendon.

Hendon F.C.
Hendon Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in north-west London. They play at Silver Jubilee Park in Kingsbury and are currently members of the Isthmian League South Central Division.
Kevin Gillespie (academic)
C. Kevin Gillespie, S.J. is an American academic and Jesuit priest who served as the 27th president of Saint Joseph's University from 2012 to 2015. He succeeded Timothy R. Lannon. Gillespie graduated from St. Joe's in 1972 and is native to the Philadelphia area.

Saint Joseph's University
Saint Joseph's University (SJU or St. Joe's) is a private Jesuit university in Philadelphia, Lower Merion Township, Pennsylvania, and Lancaster, Pennsylvania. The university was founded by the Society of Jesus in 1851 as Saint Joseph's College. Saint Joseph's is the seventh oldest Jesuit university in the United States and the sixth largest university in Philadelphia. It is named after Saint Joseph.

Saint Joseph's University has nearly 9,000 undergraduate, graduate, and doctoral students in over 162 undergraduate programs, 84 graduate programs, and 9 degree-completion and post-baccalaureate programs. It has 14 centers and institutes, including the Kinney Center for Autism Education and Support and the Pedro Arrupe, S.J., Center for Business Ethics. Saint Joseph's University is classified as an R2: Doctoral University with High Research Activity by the Carnegie Classification of Institutions of Higher Education.
Luis Palma
Luis Enrique Palma Oseguera (born 17 January 2000) is a Honduran professional footballer who plays as a winger for Ekstraklasa club Lech Poznań, on loan from Scottish Premiership club Celtic, and the Honduras national team.

Lech Poznań
Kolejowy Klub Sportowy Lech Poznań (lit. 'Railway Sports Club Lech Poznań'), commonly referred to as KKS Lech Poznań or simply Lech Poznań (Polish pronunciation: [lɛx ˈpɔznaj̃]), is a Polish professional football club based in Poznań and currently competing in the Ekstraklasa, the nation's highest division.

The club was established on 19 March 1922 as KS Lutnia Dębiec, later changing its name several times. Until 1994, the club was closely linked to Polish State Railways (PKP). As a result, its popular nickname is Kolejorz [kɔˈlɛjɔʂ], which means The Railwayman in local slang. The club's debut in the Polish top division took place in the year 1948. The brightest era of Lech was in the early 1980s and early 1990s when they won 5 Polish league titles, 3 Polish Cups and a Polish Super Cup. Lech has won the Polish league a total of nine times, most recently in 2025, and is the most popular football club in the Greater Poland region.
Givers
Givers is an indie pop group from Lafayette, Louisiana. The band is made up of vocalist and percussionist Tiffany Lamson, vocalist and guitarist Taylor Guarisco, and bassist and guitarist Josh LeBlanc. The band's origins date to Hurricane Katrina in 2005, which displaced Lamson and Guarisco from their New Orleans apartment and school, leading them to return to Lafayette with little to do. The duo began playing music together, and they recruited the other members shortly before a last-minute performance at a local pub in 2008. The band came together as the result of the unplanned, improvised jam.

The members of Givers have previously performed in zydeco, jazz and Cajun groups. Following a touring stint with the Dirty Projectors and their debut 2009 EP, the band recorded their debut album and signed to Glassnote Records. The band's debut studio album, In Light, was released in June 2011 to favorable critical reviews.

Cajun music
Cajun music (French: Musique cadienne), an emblematic music of Louisiana played by the Cajuns, is rooted in the ballads of the French-speaking Acadians of Canada. Although they are two separate genres, Cajun music is often mentioned in tandem with the Creole-based zydeco music. Both are from southwest Louisiana and share French and African origins. These French Louisiana sounds have influenced American popular music for many decades, especially country music, and have influenced pop culture through mass media, such as television commercials.
Wanamaker expeditions
The Wanamaker expeditions were a series of three journeys led by Joseph K. Dixon to various tribes of Native peoples living in the US in the early 20th century. The three expeditions were primarily sponsored by department store magnate Rodman Wanamaker.

Rodman Wanamaker
Lewis Rodman Wanamaker (February 13, 1863 – March 9, 1928) was an American businessman and heir to the Wanamaker's department store fortune. In addition to operating stores in Philadelphia, New York City, and Paris, he was a patron of the arts, education, golf, athletics, a scholar of Native American life, and a student of early aviation.

In 1916, he served as a presidential elector for Pennsylvania, and was appointed Special Deputy Police Commissioner of New York City under Richard Enright in February 1918.  In this capacity, he founded the world's first police aviation unit and oversaw reorganization of the New York City Reserve Police Force.  In 1916, Wanamaker originated the proposal for the Professional Golfers' Association of America.
Thomas Brown (defensive end)
Thomas Wayne Brown (born July 8, 1957) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive lineman for three seasons in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Baylor Bears before he was selected by the Philadelphia Eagles in the eleventh round of the 1980 NFL draft. He played for one season for the Eagles (1980) and two seasons for the Cleveland Browns (1981 and 1983).

1980 NFL season
The 1980 NFL season was the 61st regular season of the National Football League.

Prior to the season in March 1980, fellow NFL owners voted against the proposed move by the Raiders from Oakland, California to Los Angeles. Raiders team owner Al Davis along with the Los Angeles Coliseum sued the NFL charging that they had violated antitrust laws. A verdict in the trial would not be decided until before the 1982 NFL season and thus the 1980 and 1981 Raiders would continue to play in Oakland while awaiting a judgement.

Meanwhile, the season ended at Super Bowl XV played on January 25, 1981, in New Orleans, Louisiana, with these same Oakland Raiders defeating the Philadelphia Eagles 27–10, making them the first Wild Card team ever to win the Super Bowl.
Kundiman (BGYO song)
"Kundiman" is a song recorded by the Filipino boy band BGYO. It was released on 7 October 2021 as the eighth single of their debut album The Light. It was written and composed by Akira Morishita with additional lyrics from Jerwin Nicomedez. The track was one of the BGYO songs—"Kundiman", "He's Into Her", "The Baddest"—chosen to be part of The Lunar Codex's "Polaris Collection" time capsules bound to the Moon in 2023. The track peaked at number 1 on Deezer Charts 100 in United Arab Emirates.

The Light (BGYO album)
The Light is the debut studio album of Filipino boy band BGYO. It was released by Star Music on 7 October 2021. The album contains twelve tracks, with "When I'm With You" as its key single, four new tracks "Kundiman," "Fly Away," "Sabay," and "Rocketman", which BGYO co-written, four versions of the band's debut single in Bahasa, Japanese, Spanish and Thai, along with the group's signature hits The Light, He's Into Her and The Baddest. The album's lyrical content transcends the spirit of resilience, empathy, and love.

The album debuts and peaks at number 1 on iTunes Albums Chart in 5 countries—Philippines, Hong Kong, Singapore, United Arab Emirates and Saudi Arabia. It also charted in Canada, Thailand, Qatar, Australia, Norway, Malaysia and Mexico; and has achieved the coveted feat of being the longest consecutive charting album by a Filipino act to stay at number one on iTunes Philippines of all time.

The album surpassed 5 million Spotify streams, 2 weeks since its release.
Software testing tactics
This article discusses a set of tactics useful in software testing. It is intended as a comprehensive list of tactical approaches to software quality assurance (more widely colloquially known as quality assurance (traditionally called by the acronym "QA")) and general application of the test method (usually just called "testing" or sometimes "developer testing").

Test automation
Test automation is the use of software (separate from the software being tested) for controlling the execution of tests and comparing actual outcome with predicted. Test automation supports testing the system under test (SUT) without manual interaction which can lead to faster test execution and testing more often. Test automation is a key aspect of continuous testing and often for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD).
Swan dress
The swan dress is a dress resembling a mute swan designed by Marjan Pejoski and worn by the Icelandic artist Björk at the 73rd Academy Awards on March 25, 2001, as well as on the cover of her album Vespertine. A Debenhams poll published in The Daily Telegraph in 2008 voted it the ninth-most iconic red carpet dress of all time. Björk's swan dress was reimagined by Valentino at its Spring 2014 Couture fashion show at Paris Fashion Week, which received praise from fashion blogs and social media. In 2019, the dress was featured in the Metropolitan Museum of Art for the exhibition Camp: Notes on Fashion.

Mute swan
The mute swan (Cygnus olor) is a species of swan and a member of the waterfowl family Anatidae. It is native to much of Europe and parts of Asia and (as a rare winter visitor) the far north of Africa. It is an introduced species in North America, home to the largest populations outside of its native range, with additional smaller introductions in Australasia and Southern Africa. The name "mute" derives from it being less vocal than other swan species. Measuring 125 to 160 cm (49 to 63 in) in length, this large swan is wholly white in plumage, with an orange beak bordered with black. It is recognisable by its pronounced knob atop the beak, which is larger in males.
Carla Cáceres
Carla Cáceres is a professor at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign known for her research in population, community and evolutionary ecology, focusing on the origins, maintenance, and functional significance of biodiversity within ecosystems. She is a Fellow of the American Association for the Advancement of Science, the Ecological Society of America, and the Association for the Sciences of Limnology and Oceanography

Ecological Society of America
The Ecological Society of America (ESA) is a professional organization of ecological scientists. Based in the United States and founded in 1915, ESA publications include peer-reviewed journals, newsletters, fact sheets, and teaching resources. It holds an annual meeting at different locations in the USA and Canada. In addition to its publications and annual meeting, ESA is engaged in public policy, science, education, and diversity issues.

ESA's 9,000 members are researchers, educators, natural resource managers, and students in over 90 countries. Members work on a wide range of topics, from agroecology to marine diversity, and explore the relationships between organisms and their past, present, and future environments. As of June 2023 the society has 32 topical sections, six regional chapters, and ten committees.
Adam Novotný
Adam Novotný (born 13 November 2007) is a Czech professional ice hockey forward for the Peterborough Petes of the OHL. He previously played for Mountfield HK in the Czech Extraliga and is the top Czech prospect in the 2026 NHL Entry Draft.

Peterborough Petes
The Peterborough Petes are a junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League. The team has played at the Peterborough Memorial Centre in Peterborough, Ontario, Canada, since 1956, and is the oldest continuously operating team in the league.
Sonny Lee
Thomas Ball "Sonny" Lee (August 26, 1904, Huntsville, Texas – May 17, 1975, Amarillo, Texas) was an American jazz trombonist.

Lee played with Peck Kelley while a student at Texas State Teachers' College in the early 1920s, then moved to St. Louis, where he worked with the Scranton Sirens, Frankie Trumbauer, Gene Rodemich, Vincent Lopez, and Paul Specht. In 1932 he joined the Isham Jones orchestra, remaining with Jones until 1936; concomitantly he also played with Benny Goodman in 1934-35. He then worked with Artie Shaw, Charlie Barnet, Woody Herman, and Bunny Berigan, and in 1938 joined Jimmy Dorsey's orchestra, where he played until 1946.

Charlie Barnet
Charles Daly Barnet (October 26, 1913 – September 4, 1991) was an American jazz saxophonist, composer, and bandleader.

His major recordings were "Nagasaki", "Skyliner", "Cherokee", "The Wrong Idea", "Scotch and Soda", "In a Mizz", and "Southland Shuffle".
Chloe Hill
Chloe Anne Elizabeth Hill (born 3 January 1997) is an English cricketer. She plays as a wicket-keeper and right-handed batter. She has previously played for Worcestershire Rapids, Buckinghamshire, Central Sparks, Southern Vipers, South East Stars and London Spirit.

Central Sparks
Central Sparks was a women's cricket team that represented the West Midlands region, one of eight regional hubs in English domestic women's cricket. They primarily played their home matches at Edgbaston and New Road. They were captained by Evelyn Jones and coached by Darren Franklin and Justine Dunce. The team was partnered with Warwickshire, Worcestershire, Herefordshire, Staffordshire and Shropshire.

At the end of the 2024 season, following reforms to the structure of women's domestic cricket, the team was effectively replaced by a professionalised Warwickshire team.