hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Farid Ahmad Khan
Farid Ahmad Khan (born 12 February 1963) is a Pakistani physician and plastic surgeon. He served as chairman, dean and principal at Sheikh Zayed Medical Institute Lahore from 2015 to 2018. He is a former Head of Plastic Surgery department at Services Institute of Medical Sciences, Lahore. He is currently a Member Higher Educucation Commission (HEC) of Pakistan. He is also a former registrar at King Edward Medical University. Khan is the founding president of the Pakistan Burn Association, from 2016 to 2018. He established the largest burn center in Punjab for poor patients in Mayo Hospital Lahore. He is also the first Pakistani surgeon to start Microvascular free flap Surgery, at Mayo hospital in 2000. During his tenure as Chairman of Shaikh Zayed hospital, Shaikh Zayed Hospital was the only public sector hospital in the province which had successfully completed more than 100 liver transplants and more than 800 kidney transplants.

Services Institute of Medical Sciences
Services Institute of Medical Sciences (Urdu:سروسز انسٹیٹوٹ آف میڈیکل سائنسز), established in 2003, is a public medical school located in Lahore. Services Hospital and Punjab Institute of Mental Health are the affiliated teaching hospitals. It is officially abbreviated as SIMS.

The college admits students on open merit and is granted through a centralized Medical College Admission Test conducted annually by the Pakistan Medical Commission.
Additive identity
In mathematics, the additive identity of a set that is equipped with the operation of addition is an element which, when added to any element x in the set, yields x. One of the most familiar additive identities is the number 0 from elementary mathematics, but additive identities occur in other mathematical structures where addition is defined, such as in groups and rings.

Elementary mathematics
Elementary mathematics, also known as primary or secondary school mathematics, is the study of mathematics topics that are commonly taught at the primary or secondary school levels around the world. It includes a wide range of mathematical concepts and skills, including number sense, algebra, geometry, measurement, and data analysis. These concepts and skills form the foundation for more advanced mathematical study and are essential for success in many fields and everyday life. The study of elementary mathematics is a crucial part of a student's education and lays the foundation for future academic and career success.
Samuel Kummer
Samuel Kummer (28 February 1968 – 23 April 2024) was a German organist, from 2005 to 2022 at the Frauenkirche in Dresden. When he took the position at the restored church, destroyed by bombing in World War II, with a new Kern organ, he programmed a first recital with music by Bach, Brahms, Reger, Louis Vierne and his own. In concerts and in church services, he was particularly known for his improvisations. He played concerts internationally and made award-winning recordings. He taught at the Hochschule für Kirchenmusik Dresden from 2007.

Louis Vierne
Louis Victor Jules Vierne (8 October 1870 – 2 June 1937) was a French organist and composer. He was the organist of Notre-Dame de Paris from 1900 until his death. As a composer, much of his output was organ music, including six symphonies and four suites, and works for choir and organ, including a Messe solennelle for choir and two organs. He toured Europe and the United States as a concert organist. His students included Nadia Boulanger and Maurice Duruflé.
Ulm–Friedrichshafen railway
The Ulm–Friedrichshafen railway, also known as the Württembergische Südbahn (Württemberg Southern Railway), is an electrified main line in the state of Baden-Württemberg, southern Germany. It was built from 1846 to 1850 and doubled from 1905 to 1913. During that time many of the station buildings were rebuilt. Its kilometre numbering (chainage) begins as the Fils Valley Railway in Stuttgart Hbf. The line was upgraded and electrified from the spring of 2018. Electric operations commenced in December 2021.

The line begins in Ulm and runs via Biberach an der Riß, Aulendorf and Ravensburg to Friedrichshafen. Some trains continue on the single-tracked line of the Friedrichshafen–Lindau railway to Lindau.

Lindau
Lindau (German: Lindau (Bodensee), Lindau im Bodensee; German: [ˈlɪndaʊ] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Lindou) is a major town and island on the eastern side of Lake Constance (Bodensee in German) in Bavaria, Germany. It is the capital of the county (Landkreis) of Lindau, Bavaria and is near the borders of the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of St. Gallen and Thurgau. The coat of arms of Lindau town is a linden tree, referring to the supposed origin of the town's name. The historic town of Lindau is located on the 0.68-square-kilometre (0.26 sq mi) island of the same name, which is connected with the mainland by a road bridge and a railway causeway leading to Lindau station.

Lindau is located near the meeting point of the Austrian-German-Swiss tripoint and is nestled on the lake in front of Austria's Pfänder mountain. Lindau is popular with sightseers and vacationers for its medieval town centre and picturesque location on Lake Constance.
NaLyssa Smith
NaLyssa Smith (born August 8, 2000) is an American professional basketball player for the Las Vegas Aces of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) and Athletes Unlimited Pro Basketball. She played college basketball for Baylor, winning the NCAA Division I Championship in 2019 and the Wade Trophy in 2021. She was drafted second overall by the Indiana Fever in the 2022 WNBA draft.

Athletes Unlimited
Athletes Unlimited (also known by its abbreviation AU) is a women's professional sports organization based in the United States that organizes and administers competitions in the sports of basketball, softball, volleyball, and formerly lacrosse. It was founded in 2020 by Jon Patricof and Jonathan Soros. Athletes Unlimited leagues employ formats in which individual players are crowned champions, with the exception of the Athletes Unlimited Softball League, which has traditional teams.
Yasmin Raeis
Yasmin Raeis (Arabic: ياسمين رئيس, born 15 September 1985) is an Egyptian actress. She started her acting career in a television series called Aard khas. In addition, she was the main character under the supervision of the movie director Mohamed Khan in a movie called Factory Girl, a movie that was a big success and garnered several awards, both locally and internationally.

Mohamed Khan
Mohamed Hamed Hassan Khan (Arabic: محمد حامد حسن خان pronounced [mæˈħæmmæd ˈħæːmed ˈħæsæn xæːn]; 26 October 1942 – 26 July 2016) was an Egyptian film director, screenwriter, and actor. His main aesthetic credo, in line with directors from his generation, was a reinvigorated realism seeking direct documentation of everyday life in Cairo, beyond the walls of the studio. Khan has 4 films in the Top 100 Egyptian films list.

He was a pivotal member of the "1980s generation" in Egyptian cinema, along with directors such as Khairy Beshara, Daoud Abd El-Sayed, Atef El-Tayeb, and Yousry Nasrallah.
Mallotus ficifolius
Mallotus ficifolius is a shrub of the spurge family Euphorbiaceae endemic to Northern and Central Queensland, Australia. The species is commonly called fig leafed mallotus.

The species grows as an understorey and pioneer plant in wetter forest types including rainforest and vine scrub and gallery forest. Plants are typically 1–3 m in height and characterised by broad hairy leaves with serrated or toothed margins. Flowers are inconspicuous and yellow. Fruit are of the lobed type typical of the Euphorbiaceae, approximately 10mm in diameter and covered with rough, spiky projections.

Euphorbiaceae
Euphorbiaceae (/juːˈfɔːrbiˌeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), the spurge family, is a large family of flowering plants. In English, they are also commonly called euphorbias, which is also the name of the type genus of the family. Most spurges, such as Euphorbia paralias, are herbs, but some, especially in the tropics, are shrubs or trees, such as Hevea brasiliensis. Some, such as Euphorbia canariensis,: 206  are succulent and resemble cacti because of convergent evolution. This family has a cosmopolitan global distribution. The greatest diversity of species is in the tropics; however, the Euphorbiaceae also have many species in nontropical areas of all continents except Antarctica.
Andrew Leake
Captain Sir Andrew Leake (died 13 August 1704) was a Royal Navy officer of the late seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries, who distinguished himself at the Battle of Vigo Bay, during the War of the Spanish Succession. From Lowestoft, Leake joined the navy in 1688 under the patronage of John Ashby. Promoted to commander, Leake fought under Ashby as a supernumerary at the Action at La Hogue in 1692. His services at La Hogue brought him promotion to captain, and a series of commands that culminated in 1702 with Leake joining HMS Torbay. At Vigo Bay later that year Torbay broke the boom protecting a Franco-Spanish treasure fleet, resulting in the capture or destruction of the entire fleet. Leake was knighted for this, and went on to command HMS Grafton at the Capture of Gibraltar in 1704. He was mortally wounded at the Battle of Málaga later the same year.

Action at La Hogue (1692)
The action at La Hogue occurred during the pursuit by the English and Dutch of the French fleet after the Battle of Barfleur on 19 May Old Style (29 May (New Style)), 1692, during the Nine Years' War. The pursuing Anglo-Dutch fleet, under the command of Admiral of the Fleet Edward Russell, 1st Earl of Orford, destroyed 12 French ships of the line that had been beached near the port of Saint-Vaast-la-Hougue.
Anthony Hoskins
Admiral Sir Anthony Hiley Hoskins, GCB (1 September 1828 – 21 June 1901) was a Royal Navy officer. As a junior officer, he took part in the Cape Frontier War of 1851 and then saw action at the Battle of Canton in December 1857 and the Battle of Taku Forts in May 1858 during Second Opium War. Once promoted to flag officer rank, he acted as Second-in-Command of the Fleet at the bombardment of Alexandria in July 1882 during the Anglo-Egyptian War. He went on to be First Naval Lord in September 1891 but in that role took a relaxed view of the size of the Fleet and did not see the need for a large shipbuilding effort on the scale envisaged by some of his colleagues, such as Admiral Sir Frederick Richards and Admiral Sir John Fisher who were concerned about French and German naval expansion.

Anglo-Egyptian War
The British conquest of Egypt, also known as the 2nd Anglo-Egyptian War (Arabic: الاحتلال البريطاني لمصر, romanized: al-iḥtilāl al-Brīṭānī li-Miṣr, lit. 'British occupation of Egypt'), occurred in 1882 between Egyptian and Sudanese forces under Ahmed ‘Urabi and the United Kingdom. It ended a nationalist uprising against the Khedive Tewfik Pasha. It established firm British influence over Egypt at the expense of the Egyptians, the French, and the Ottoman Empire, whose already weak authority became nominal.
Finnish gunboat Matti Kurki
Matti Kurki was originally the Kazarski-class torpedo gunboat Voevoda of the Imperial Russian Navy. One of three built for the Russian Baltic Fleet, Voevoda was used as a despatch vessel during World War I. During the Russian Revolution, Finland declared independence from the Russian Empire and the ship, which lay abandoned in Finnish waters, was taken over by the newly formed Finnish Navy and renamed Matti Kurki, after 13th-century commander. Matti Kurki ended her Finnish Navy service in the 1930s. The ship was broken up for scrap in 1938.

Baltic Fleet
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base is in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, while another base is in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.
Ise Electric Railway
Ise Electric Railway (伊勢電気鉄道, Ise Denki Tetsudō), usually abbreviated as Iseden (伊勢電), was a private railway company that operated mostly in Mie Prefecture, Japan, for 25 years from 1911 to 1936, when it was absorbed by Sangū Express Electric Railway.  At its height, Iseden operated three train lines, two of which it planned and built, that serviced the cities of Yokkaichi, Tsu, Suzuka, Matsusaka, Ujiyamada, and Ōgaki.  Much of the infrastructure of Iseden is now owned by Kintetsu and remains in use today.

The name "Ise" was chosen for use in the company's name because the area of Japan that Iseden served, northern and central Mie Prefecture, was called Ise Province during the Edo era before the modern prefecture system was put into effect.

Tsu, Mie
Tsu (津市, Tsu-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [tsɯꜜ(.ɕi)]) is the capital city of Mie Prefecture, Japan.  As of 31 July 2021, the city had an estimated population of 274,879 in 127,273 households and a population density of 390 persons per km2. The total area of the city is  711.11 square kilometres (274.56 sq mi). Although the second largest city in the prefecture in terms of population (behind Yokkaichi), its designation as the prefectural capital and its holding of a large concentration of national government offices and educational facilities make the city the administrative and educational center of Mie Prefecture.
Pierre-André Schürmann
Pierre-André Schürmann (born 5 July 1960) is a Swiss football manager and former player. During his playing career, He played for FC Sion, FC Monthey, Chiasso, Vevey-Sports, Lausanne-Sport, FC Basel and FC Wil.

FC Sion
Football Club Sion, commonly known as simply FC Sion or Sion, is a Swiss football club from the city of Sion. The club was founded in 1909 and play their home matches at the Stade Tourbillon. They have won the Swiss Super League and the Swiss Cup in 13 of their 14 appearances in the final, the most recent being in 2015. The first team of the club was also known as their incorporated name Olympique des Alpes SA. The club set to play in the Super League from 2024 to 2025, the top tier of Swiss football after promotion from Challenge League in 2023–24.
Rocketdyne E-1
Rocketdyne's E-1 was a liquid propellant rocket engine originally built as a backup design for the Titan I missile. While it was being developed, Heinz-Hermann Koelle at the Army Ballistic Missile Agency (ABMA) selected it as the primary engine for the rocket that would emerge as the Saturn I. In the end, the Titan went ahead with its primary engine, and the Saturn team decided to use the lower-thrust H-1 in order to speed development. The E-1 project was cancelled in 1959, but Rocketdyne's success with the design gave NASA confidence in Rocketdyne's ability to deliver the much larger F-1, which powered the first stage of the Saturn V missions to the Moon.

Rocketdyne S-3D
The Rocketdyne S-3D (Air Force designation LR79) was an American liquid rocket engine produced by Rocketdyne (a division of North American Aviation) between 1956 and 1961. It was a gas generator, pump-fed engine, using a liquid oxygen (LOX) and RP-1 (kerosene) propellant combination, capable of producing 134,908 pounds of thrust (600.1 kN) at sea level.

The S-3 was based on the Redstone engine, and is part of the LR79 family, used on the PGM-19 Jupiter and PGM-17 Thor missiles, and on the Juno II rocket. Other members of the LR79 engine family include: XLR71-NA-1, B-2C, XLR83-NA-1, LR79-7, S-3D, XLR89-1, MB-3-1, X-1, LR83-NA-1, H-1, LR89-5, XLR89-5, S-3, LR89-7, MB-3-J, MB-3, MB-3-3, RZ.2, H-1c, H-1b, RS-27, RS-27A R, RS-56-OBA and RS-27C.

A second stage with four S-3 engines was considered for the Saturn A-2 study.

Its design was used later as the basis for the H-1 rocket engine of the Saturn I, and the Rolls-Royce RZ.2 of the Blue Streak.
Kenny Bailey
Kenny Bailey (born February 3, 1974) is an American former professional football defensive back. He played college football for Delaware before playing for the England Monarchs of NFL Europe in 1998.

Bailey signed with the New Jersey Red Dogs in 2000. He was placed on injured reserve by the New Jersey Red Dogs on April 11, 2000, and activated from the list on May 31, 2000. He was re-signed by the newly-renamed New Jersey Gladiators on March 8, 2001. He was waived by the Gladiators on July 4, 2001.

Bailey signed with the Tennessee Valley Vipers for the 2002 af2 season, and led the team in tackles for the season with 88. After missing the first three games of the 2003 season with a broken foot, the Vipers activated him from injured reserve on May 1, 2003. He was named defensive player of the week for week 10 of the 2003 af2 season with the Tennessee Valley Vipers.

Cleveland Gladiators
The Cleveland Gladiators were an arena football team based in Cleveland, Ohio, and members of the Arena Football League (AFL). The Gladiators played their home games at Quicken Loans Arena, which they shared with the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association and the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League. The franchise was originally based in East Rutherford, New Jersey, and then later in Las Vegas, Nevada, before relocating to Cleveland for the 2008 AFL season. The Gladiators qualified for the playoffs eight times in their history, reaching the ArenaBowl in 2014.

The Gladiators announced that they would not play the 2018 and 2019 seasons due to renovations on Quicken Loans Arena that required it to close during the NBA offseason and were granted a two-season hiatus. Before the team could return in 2020, the league filed for bankruptcy and ceased operations.
Kureha Station
Kureha Station (呉羽駅, Kureha-eki) is a railway station on the Ainokaze Toyama Railway Line in the city of Toyama, Toyama Prefecture, Japan, operated by the third-sector railway operator Ainokaze Toyama Railway.

Ainokaze Toyama Railway
The Ainokaze Toyama Railway (あいの風とやま鉄道株式会社, Ainokaze Toyama Tetsudō Kabushiki-gaisha) is a Japanese third-sector railway operating company established in 2012 to operate passenger railway services on the section of the JR West Hokuriku Main Line within Toyama Prefecture when it was separated from the JR West network in March 2015, coinciding with the opening of the Hokuriku Shinkansen extension from Nagano to Kanazawa. The company was founded on 24 July 2012, and has its headquarters in Toyama in Toyama Prefecture.
RIBA European Award
RIBA European Awards are part of an award program by the Royal Institute of British Architects. Complemented by the RIBA National and International Awards, it rewards "the excellent work being done by RIBA members in the European Union outside the UK". Awarded annually, it is given to a varying number of buildings. They are judged by the RIBA Awards Group, and winners are eligible for the Stirling Prize.

Stirling Prize
The Royal Institute of British Architects Stirling Prize is a British prize for excellence in architecture. It is named after the architect James Stirling, organised and awarded annually by the Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA). The Stirling Prize is presented to "the architects of the building that has made the greatest contribution to the evolution of architecture in the past year". The architects must be RIBA members. Until 2014 the building could have been anywhere in the European Union, but since 2015 entries have had to be in the United Kingdom. In the past, the award included a £20,000 prize, but it currently carries no prize money.
It's Tough to Be a Bug!
It's Tough to Be a Bug! was a 3D film based on Pixar's 1998 film A Bug's Life. The attraction first opened with Disney's Animal Kingdom at Walt Disney World on April 22, 1998, seven months before A Bug's Life debuted in theaters, and was housed within the theme park's icon, the Tree of Life. A second version of the attraction opened with Disney California Adventure on February 8, 2001, as part of the Bountiful Valley Farm area of the park, until A Bug's Land was built around it, and was housed inside the Bug's Life Theater. The attraction was Pixar's first presence in a Disney park. The film utilized theater lighting, 3D filming techniques, Audio-Animatronics and various special effects and was hosted by Flik, an ant and the protagonist of A Bug's Life, who lead an educational presentation on why insects should be considered an important part of the lives of humans.

Audio-Animatronics
Audio-Animatronics (also known simply as AAs) are a form of mechatronic animatronics puppetry created by Walt Disney Imagineering and trademarked by the Walt Disney Company for use in designed shows and attractions at Disney theme parks.

Audio-Animatronics move and often synchronize with an audio soundtrack from an external sound system (generally a recorded speech or song), and are usually fixed to whatever supports them. They can sit and stand but cannot produce any form of locomotion.

An Audio-Animatronic differs from an android or robot in that it uses prerecorded movements and sounds, rather than responding to external stimuli.
Barna Saha
Barna Saha is an Indian-American theoretical computer scientist whose research interests include algorithmic applications of the probabilistic method, probabilistic databases, fine-grained complexity, and the analysis of big data. She is an associate professor and Jacobs Faculty Scholar in the Department of Computer Science & Engineering at the University of California, San Diego.

Fine-grained reduction
In computational complexity theory, a fine-grained reduction is a transformation from one computational problem to another, used to relate the difficulty of improving the time bounds for the two problems.
Intuitively, it provides a method for solving one problem efficiently by using the solution to the other problem as a subroutine.
If problem  can be solved in time  and problem  can be solved in time , then the existence of an -reduction from problem  to problem  implies that any significant speedup for problem  would also lead to a speedup for problem .
Little Garden
"Little Garden" (Korean: hangul=나의 작은 정원; RR: hangul=Naui jageun jeongwon; lit. 'My Little Garden') is a song recorded by South Korean singer Taeyeon for the soundtrack of the 2021 drama series Jirisan. It was released as a digital single on November 28, 2021, by AStory and Most Contents, under license by Dreamus.

Jirisan (TV series)
Jirisan (Korean: 지리산) is a 2021 South Korean television series starring Jun Ji-hyun and Ju Ji-hoon. It is named after the eponymous mountain in South Korea and has been promoted as "tvN's 15th Anniversary Special Drama". It premiered on tvN on October 23 to December 12, 2021, and aired every Saturday and Sunday at 21:00 (KST). The series is available for streaming on iQIYI worldwide, and on Viki and Netflix in selected territories.