hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Iowa Highway 173
Iowa Highway 173 (Iowa 173) is a 14-mile-long (23 km) state highway in western Iowa.  It begins at Iowa 83 northwest of Atlantic and ends at Iowa 44 in Kimballton.  Iowa 173 connects Elk Horn and Kimballton, two small towns with tributes to their residents' Danish heritage.  From its intersection with Interstate 80 (I-80) north to Iowa 44, Iowa 173 is designated as part of the Western Skies Scenic Byway.  Designated in 1930, the highway was originally a spur route into Elk Horn from Kimballton.  The route was lengthened to its current extent in 1980.

Elk Horn, Iowa
Elk Horn is a city in Shelby County, Iowa, United States. The population was 601 at the time of the 2020 census. Elk Horn is known as an enclave of Danish ethnicity and is home to the Museum of Danish America.
History of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent
The history of metallurgy in the Indian subcontinent began prior to the 3rd millennium BCE. Metals and related concepts were mentioned in various early Vedic age texts. The Rigveda already uses the Sanskrit term ayas (Sanskrit: अयस्, romanized: áyas, lit. 'metal; copper; iron'). The Indian cultural and commercial contacts with the Near East and the Greco-Roman world enabled an exchange of metallurgic sciences. The advent of the Mughals (established: April 21, 1526—ended: September 21, 1857)  further improved the established tradition of metallurgy and metal working in India. During the period of British rule in India (first by the East India Company and then by the Crown), the metalworking industry in India stagnated due to various colonial policies, though efforts by industrialists led to the industry's revival during the 19th century.

Devanagari transliteration
Devanagari transliteration is the process of representing text written in Devanagari script—an Indic script used for Classical Sanskrit and many other Indic languages—in the Latin script, preserving pronunciation and spelling conventions. There are several methods of transliteration from Devanagari to the Latin script (i.e., romanisation), including the IAST notation. Romanised Devanagari is also called Romanagari.
Assertio Therapeutics
Assertio Therapeutics, Inc. (formerly Depomed, Inc.) is an American specialty pharmaceutical company. It mainly markets products for treatment in neurology, pain and diseases of the central nervous system. Depomed was founded in 1995 and is headquartered in Newark, California. It is a publicly traded company on NASDAQ, with several products approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). On August 15, 2018, the company announced its name change from Depomed, Inc., to Assertio Therapeutics, Inc. As of 2019, Assertio markets three products approved by the FDA: Gralise, Cambia, and Zipsor.

Newark, California
Newark (/ˈnjuːərk/ NEW-ərk) is a city in Alameda County, California, United States. It was incorporated as a city in September 1955. Newark is an enclave, surrounded by the city of Fremont. The three cities of Newark, Fremont, and Union City make up the Tri-City Area. Newark's population was 47,529 at the 2020 census making it the third largest city in the US named Newark after Newark, New Jersey, and Newark, Ohio.
Angels Exodus
Angels Exodus is the second solo studio album by the American rapper Lil B, released on January 18, 2011. Unlike Lil B's previous releases, which were often released for free download, Angels Exodus was distributed via digital purchase by Amalgam Digital. It is also shorter when compared to his previous releases, with a runtime of 37 minutes. A hip hop album, Angels Exodus sees Lil B deviating from his usual subject matter to deliver more serious and introspective lyrics. It is loosely built around a theme of Lil B fighting undead creatures, who serve as metaphors for people. Although Angels Exodus received mixed reviews, many critics considered it a display of Lil B's artistic growth.

Amalgam Digital
Amalgam Digital is an independent record label based in East Boston, Massachusetts. Founded in 2006 by Anyextee, the privately owned label had been home to a variety of artists throughout the decade before significantly downsizing in its later years. The label's online store was the first genre-specific digital download store specializing in hip hop music. It focuses on independent labels and artists through the implementation of a new user-generated content module that allowed artists to upload content directly to the site for immediate purchase. Amalgam Digital also houses an exclusive independent record label by the same name, specializing in hip hop music and distribution. In an April 2008 issue, The Source proclaimed that Amalgam Digital has "its finger on the pulse of hip-hop's future."
Jan Philip Koelman
Jan (Johan) Philip Koelman (11 March 1818, in The Hague – 10 January 1893, in The Hague) was a Dutch painter, sculptor, writer and teacher,  involved during part of his life in revolutionary activity.

He attended Cornelis Kruseman's studio together with other artists of this period, such as Alexander Hugo Bakker Korff, David Bles and Herman ten Kate.

Between 1846 and 1851 Koelman lived in Rome, to where he travelled for artistic purposes, but where he found himself involved in the revolutionary Roman Republic of 1849, and eventually joined Garibaldi's defence of Rome against the French Army.

Koelman's memoirs of that period are used as source material for historians researching Garibaldi's life and the struggle which eventually led to the Unification of Italy, providing some details not recorded elsewhere.

Henry Van Ingen, professor of art at Vassar from 1865 to 1898, was Koelman's brother-in-law.

Cornelis Kruseman
Cornelis Kruseman (Dutch pronunciation: [kɔrˈneːlɪs ˈkrysəˌmɑn]; 25 September 1797 – 14 November 1857) was a Dutch painter, draughtsman, etcher, lithographer, silhouettist, paper-cut artist, and art collector. His works included portraits, biblical scenes, and depictions of Italian peasant life.
Aryepiglottic fold
The aryepiglottic folds are triangular folds of mucous membrane of the larynx. They enclose ligamentous and muscular fibres. They extend from the lateral borders of the epiglottis to the arytenoid cartilages, hence the name 'aryepiglottic'. They contain the aryepiglottic muscles and form the upper borders of the quadrangular membrane. They have a role in growling as a form of phonation. They may be narrowed and cause stridor, or be shortened and cause laryngomalacia.

Phonation
The term phonation has slightly different meanings depending on the subfield of phonetics.  Among some phoneticians, phonation or phonating is the process by which the vocal cords, or vocal folds, produce certain sounds through quasi-periodic vibration. This is the definition used among those who study laryngeal anatomy and physiology and speech production in general. Phoneticians in other subfields, such as linguistic phonetics, call this process voicing, and use the term phonation to refer to any oscillatory state of any part of the larynx that modifies the airstream, of which voicing is just one example. Voiceless and supra-glottal phonations are included under this definition.
Nucleic acid structure
Nucleic acid structure refers to the structure of nucleic acids such as DNA and RNA. Chemically speaking, DNA and RNA are very similar. Nucleic acid structure is often divided into four different levels: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary.

A-DNA
A-DNA is one of the possible double helical structures which DNA can adopt. A-DNA is thought to be one of three biologically active double helical structures along with B-DNA and Z-DNA. It is a right-handed double helix fairly similar to the more common B-DNA form, but with a shorter, more compact helical structure whose base pairs are not perpendicular to the helix-axis as in B-DNA. It was discovered by Rosalind Franklin, who also named the A and B forms. She showed that DNA is driven into the A form when under dehydrating conditions. Such conditions are commonly used to form crystals, and many DNA crystal structures are in the A form. The same helical conformation occurs in double-stranded RNAs, and in DNA-RNA hybrid double helices.
2025 Buffalo Bulls football team
The 2025 Buffalo Bulls football team represented the University at Buffalo as a member of the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 2025 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by second-year head coach Pete Lembo, the Bulls played home games at University at Buffalo Stadium in Amherst, New York.

University at Buffalo Stadium
UB Stadium is a stadium in Amherst, New York, United States, on the campus of the University at Buffalo. It is primarily used for football, soccer, and track and field events, and is the home field of the Buffalo Bulls. The Stadium hosted the athletics events and the closing ceremonies of the 1993 World University Games held in July 1993. The first football game was held between the Bulls and Maine Black Bears on September 4, 1993.
Electoral district of Stanley Boroughs (NSW Legislative Council)
The Electoral district of Stanley Boroughs was an electorate of the New South Wales Legislative Council at a time when some of its members were elected and the balance were appointed by the Governor. It was a new electorate created in 1851 by the expansion of the Legislative Council to 54 members, with 18 to be appointed and 36 elected. 
The previous district of Counties of Gloucester, Macquarie, and Stanley was split into the districts of Gloucester & Macquarie, Stanley and Stanley Boroughs. The district included North Brisbane, South Brisbane, Kangaroo Point and Ipswich.

In 1856 the unicameral Legislative Council was abolished and replaced with an elected Legislative Assembly and an appointed Legislative Council. The district was represented by the Legislative Assembly electorate of Stanley Boroughs.

Electoral district of County of Stanley
The Electoral district of County of Stanley was an electorate of the New South Wales Legislative Council at a time when some of its members were elected and the balance were appointed by the Governor. It was a new electorate created in 1851 by the expansion of the Legislative Council to 54 members, with 18 to be appointed and 36 elected. 
The previous district of Counties of Gloucester, Macquarie, and Stanley was split into the districts of Gloucester & Macquarie, Stanley and Stanley Boroughs, which included North Brisbane, South Brisbane, Kangaroo Point and Ipswich.

In 1856 the unicameral Legislative Council was abolished and replaced with an elected Legislative Assembly and an appointed Legislative Council. The district was represented by the Legislative Assembly electorate of Electoral district of Stanley County.
Robert V. Hogg
Robert Vincent Hogg (8 November 1924 – 23 December 2014) was an American statistician and professor of statistics of the University of Iowa. Hogg is known for his widely used textbooks on statistics (with his 1963 Ph.D. student Elliot Alan Tanis) and on mathematical statistics (with his 1950 Ph.D. advisor Allen Thornton Craig). Hogg has received recognition for his research on
robust and adaptive nonparametric statistics and for his scholarship on total quality management and statistics education.

Nonparametric statistics
Nonparametric statistics is a type of statistical analysis that makes minimal assumptions about the underlying distribution of the data being studied. Often these models are infinite-dimensional, rather than finite dimensional, as in parametric statistics. Nonparametric statistics can be used for descriptive statistics or statistical inference. Nonparametric tests are often used when the assumptions of parametric tests are evidently violated.
Nobu Kōda
Nobu Kōda 幸田延 (1870–1946) was a Japanese composer, violinist, and music teacher. She was one of the first Japanese women to study music overseas. She studied at the New England Conservatory. She later studied in Europe. She was the sister of Kōda Rohan.

New England Conservatory of Music
The New England Conservatory of Music (NEC) is a private music school in Boston, Massachusetts. The conservatory is located on Huntington Avenue along the Avenue of the Arts near Boston Symphony Hall, and is home to approximately 750 students pursuing undergraduate and graduate studies, and 1,500 more in its Preparatory School and School of Continuing Education. NEC offers bachelor's degrees in instrumental and vocal classical music performance, contemporary musical arts, composition, jazz studies, music history, and music theory, as well as graduate degrees in collaborative piano, conducting, and musicology. The conservatory has also partnered with Harvard University and Tufts University to create joint double-degree, five-year programs.
Gunnar Thor
Gunnar Þór Guðjónsson is an Icelandic former strongman competitor who won the title of Iceland's Strongest Man, and competed at the World's Strongest Man and then went on to become a champion bodybuilder.

World's Strongest Man
The World's Strongest Man is an international strongman competition held every year. Organized by American event management company IMG, a subsidiary of Endeavor, it is broadcast in the US during summers and in the UK around the end of December each year. Competitors qualify based on placing in the top three at the four to eight Giants Live events each year. The current event sponsor is SBD Apparel.

The competition has been won by 25 men representing 14 nationalities. Three of the past champions Bill Kazmaier, Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson and Brian Shaw have been inducted into the International Sports Hall of Fame.
Violeta Barba
Violeta Barba Borderías (born 1987) is a Spanish lawyer and former politician of the Podemos party. Formerly the leader of the youth sector of the United Left of Aragon, she joined Podemos and was elected to the Cortes of Aragon in the 2015 election, becoming president of the Cortes (speaker) the following year; she was the first woman and youngest person in the office. She ran for mayor in the 2019 Zaragoza City Council election but resigned days after only winning two seats, and returned to the legal profession.

United Left of Aragon
United Left of Aragon (Spanish: Izquierda Unida de Aragón, Catalan: Esquerra Unida d’Aragó, Aragonese: Cucha Chunida d'Aragón. IUA) is the Aragonese federation of the Spanish left wing political and social movement United Left. Adolfo Barrena Salces is the current General Coordinator. The major member of the coalition is the Communist Party of Aragon (PCA, Aragonese federation of the PCE).
Miss Turkey 2018
The Miss Turkey 2018 held on September 24, 2017 in the Volkswagen Arena Istanbul in Istanbul, Turkey was hosted by Dilay Korkmaz. On the coronation Night 3 major winners were crowned as  Miss World Turkey 2018,  Miss Universe Turkey 2018 and Miss Supranational Turkey 2018.

At the event, Aslı Sümen crowned her successor Şevval Şahin as Miss World Turkey 2018, Pınar Tartan crowned her successor Tara de Vries as Miss Universe Turkey 2018 for the first time in Miss Turkey and Yasemin Çoklar  Crowned her successor Roda Irmak Kalkan as Miss Supranational Turkey 2018 .

Miss Turkey
The Miss Turkey (Turkish: Türkiye Güzellik Kraliçesi) is a national beauty pageant in Turkey. The pageant was founded in 1929, where the winners titled as Miss Turkey World, and Miss Turkey Supranational.
Vauxhall Ellesmere Port
Vauxhall Ellesmere Port is a motor vehicle assembly plant, located in the town of Ellesmere Port, in Cheshire West & Chester, United Kingdom. It has always built small/medium Vauxhall/Opel vehicles, including the Vauxhall Viva and Opel/Vauxhall Astra. It is owned by the global car manufacturer Stellantis.

Opel Astra
The Opel Astra is a compact car/small family car (C-segment) developed and produced by the German automaker Opel since 1991, currently at its sixth generation. It was first launched in September 1991 as a direct replacement to the Opel Kadett. As of 2025, the car slots between the smaller Corsa supermini and the larger Frontera subcompact crossover SUV.
Le Crime ne paie pas
Le Crime ne paie pas (US title: Crime Does Not Pay, UK title: Gentle Art of Murder) is a 1962 French drama portmanteau film directed and partly written by Gérard Oury. It consists of four separate episodes, each with its own cast and writers but sharing common themes of beautiful women, jealousy, revenge and death.

From these dark tales centred on leading actresses, Oury switched to buddy comedies which remain among the most-loved and successful films in the history of French cinema. Louis de Funès, here playing a barman whose English is incomprehensible, starred in them, as did English male leads like David Niven and Terry-Thomas. The writing team of Pierre Boileau and Thomas Narcejac, behind the third episode, had provided the stories for two 1950s masterpieces, Les Diaboliques (1955) and Vertigo (1958).

Boileau-Narcejac
Boileau-Narcejac (French: [bwalo naʁsəʒak]) is the pen name used by the French crime-writing duo of Pierre Boileau (28 April 1906 – 16 January 1989) and Pierre Ayraud, also known as Thomas Narcejac (3 July 1908 – 7 June 1998). Their successful collaboration produced 43 novels, 100 short stories and 4 plays. They are credited with having helped to form an authentically French subgenre of crime fiction with the emphasis on local settings and mounting psychological suspense. They are noted for the ingenuity of their plots and the skillful evocation of the mood of disorientation and fear. Their works were adapted into numerous films, most notably, Les Diaboliques (1955), directed by Henri-Georges Clouzot, and Vertigo (1958), directed by Alfred Hitchcock.
The Last Don 2
The Last Don II is the sixth studio album by Don Omar, released on June 16, 2015, through Pina Records and Machete Music. It is the sequel of Don Omar's first album, The Last Don, released in 2003, and includes twelve songs and includes the participation of reggaeton stars Wisin & Yandel, Daddy Yankee, Tego Calderón, Plan B, and Natti Natasha. Contrary of Don Omar's latest album, The Last Don II focuses on reggaeton, with exceptions including two hip hop tracks and one latin pop track. It features four singles: "Soledad", "Guaya Guaya", "Perdido En Tus Ojos" and "Te Recordaré Bailando". And songs ''Callejero", "En Lo Oscuro", Olvidar Que Somos Amigos", Dobla Rodilla", "Tirate Al Medio", " Bailando Bajo El Sol", "Sandunga". The songs themes includes dance, sex, love and human self-reflection. It was nominated for a Latin Grammy Award for Best Urban Music Album in the ceremony's 16th edition in 2015.

Pina Records
Pina Records is a Puerto Rico-based record label founded by music producer Rafael "Raphy" Antonio Pina Nieves in 1996. Pina Records is one of the longest-running reggaetón record labels; in 2026, the label will celebrate its 30-year anniversary. One of the genre’s most successful labels, Pina Records' biggest artists include the likes of Daddy Yankee, Natti Natasha, Plan B and R.K.M & Ken-Y.
Your Favorite Toy
Your Favorite Toy is the upcoming twelfth studio album by American rock band Foo Fighters, scheduled for release on April 24, 2026, through Roswell Records and RCA Records. It is the band's first studio album to feature drummer Ilan Rubin and follows the group's 2023 album But Here We Are.

The album was announced on February 19, 2026 alongside the release of its title track, which was described by frontman Dave Grohl as the song that set the overall direction and tone of the record following an extended period of experimentation.

But Here We Are
But Here We Are is the eleventh studio album by American rock band Foo Fighters, released on June 2, 2023. Produced by Greg Kurstin and the band itself, it is their first studio album since the death of their longtime drummer Taylor Hawkins on March 25, 2022. Frontman Dave Grohl performed and recorded the entirety of the album's drum tracks in Hawkins' absence. Five singles, "Rescued", "Under You", "Show Me How", "The Teacher" and "The Glass" were released ahead of the album. Drummer Josh Freese was announced as the band's new drummer for the supporting tour.

But Here We Are is dedicated to both Hawkins and Dave Grohl's mother, Virginia, who died in August 2022.
Solai Washington
Solai Ava Washington (born 1 October 2005) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for the Orlando Pride of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). Born in the United States, she represents Jamaica internationally. She played college soccer for the Florida State Seminoles, winning the 2025 national championship.

Orlando Pride
The Orlando Pride are an American professional soccer team based in Orlando, Florida, that competes in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). The Pride began play in the 2016 season. They were the tenth team to be added to the league and play their home games at Inter&Co Stadium in downtown Orlando.

The Pride are under the same ownership group as Orlando City SC of Major League Soccer (MLS) and were included in the sale of the club in 2021. The team won their first titles during the 2024 season, claiming both the NWSL Shield and NWSL Championship.
Nasser Hejazi
Nasser Hejazi (Persian: ناصر حجازی, nāser hejāzi; 14 December 1949 – 23 May 2011), nicknamed "the legendary Iranian goalkeeper", was an Iranian football player and coach who most notably played for Esteghlal (Taj).

Considered as the best goalkeeper in the history of Iranian football and Asia, he was capped 62 times for the Iran national football team. In 2000, the Asian Football Confederation ranked him the second best Asian goalkeeper of the 20th century.

He was goalkeeper of Iran national team in the 1960s and 1970s and won the AFC Asian Cup on two occasions in 1972 and 1976, and Asian Games title once, and competed in the 1972 Munich Olympics and 1976 Montreal Olympics and 1978 FIFA World Cup.

As a manager, he won an Azadegan League in 1998 and a Bangladesh League in 1988, as well as a runner-up place in 1998–99 AFC Champions League.

Azadegan League
The Azadegan League (Persian: ليگ آزادگان, Lig-e Âzâdegân), also known as  League 1 (Persian: لیگ یک, Lig-e Yek), is the second highest division of professional football in Iran. It was the top-level football league in Iran from its foundation in 1991 until 2001, when the Persian Gulf Pro League was established.

Azadegan League operates on a system of promotion and relegation. Each year, the top finishing teams in the Azadegan League are promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League, and the lowest finishing teams are relegated to League 2.

Since 2016, the league comprises 18 teams. The winner and the runner-up of the Azadegan League are automatically promoted to the Persian Gulf Pro League. The bottom three teams in the league are relegated to League 2. In the past, the format and number of teams were changed for various times.
Man at the Carlton Tower
Man at the Carlton Tower is a 1961 British second feature ('B') crime film directed by Robert Tronson and starring Maxine Audley, Lee Montague and Allan Cuthbertson. The screenplay was by Philip Mackie, based on the 1931 Edgar Wallace novel The Man at the Carlton. It is part of the series of Edgar Wallace Mysteries films made at Merton Park Studios from 1960 to 1965.

Maxine Audley
Maxine Audley (29 April 1923 – 23 July 1992) was an English theatre and film actress. She made her professional stage debut in July 1940 at the Open Air Theatre. Audley performed with the Old Vic company and the Royal Shakespeare Company many times. She appeared in more than 20 films, the first of which was the 1948 adaptation of Leo Tolstoy's novel Anna Karenina.