hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Feur Buidhe an t-Samhraidh
Feur Buidhe an t-Samhraidh (Yellow Summer Grass) is a young adult novel written in Scottish Gaelic by Tim Armstrong and published by Sandstone Press in 2014. The novel is set in Scotland and the United States and follows Colman and Seonag, two young Scottish musicians who slip into a dangerous underworld of crime and violence when they become lost and separated from their band's US tour. This is Armstrong's second novel in Gaelic, following Air Cuan Dubh Drilseach, and it received mostly positive reviews. Writing in Dàna Magazine, Liam Alastair Crouse called the novel “exciting and enticing”, although he felt the author left some questions unanswered in the ending. While Ronald Black, writing in The Scotsman newspaper, noted that he particularly enjoyed the ending.

Air Cuan Dubh Drilseach
Air Cuan Dubh Drilseach is a science fiction novel written in Scottish Gaelic by Tim Armstrong and published by CLÀR in 2013. Air Cuan Dubh Drilseach is the first hard science-fiction novel in Gaelic written for adults. The story combines elements of space opera, dark cyberpunk, romance and rock-band road-trip adventure. The central conceit of the novel is that in space, everyone speaks Gaelic, allowing the author to create an entirely Gaelic-speaking world for the characters.
Neutron transport
Neutron transport (also known as neutronics) is the study of the motions and interactions of neutrons with materials. The neutron transport equation models the radiative transfer of neutrons and is commonly used to determine the behavior of nuclear reactor cores and experimental or industrial neutron beams.

Discrete ordinates method
In the theory of radiative transfer, of either thermal or neutron radiation, a position and direction-dependent intensity function is usually sought for the description of the radiation field. The intensity field can in principle be solved from the integrodifferential radiative transfer equation (RTE), but an exact solution is usually impossible and even in the case of geometrically simple systems can contain unusual special functions such as the Chandrasekhar's H-function and Chandrasekhar's X- and Y-functions. The method of discrete ordinates, or the Sn method, is one way to approximately solve the RTE by discretizing both the xyz-domain and the angular variables that specify the direction of radiation. The methods were developed by Subrahmanyan Chandrasekhar when he was working on radiative transfer.
Longilyra
Longilyra is a genus of arachnids in the family Theraphosidae. It was first described in 2014 by Gabriel. As of 2017, it contains only one species, Longilyra johnlonghorni, found in El Salvador. This genus differs from the others as it has stridulatory bristles. It is different from those who have them on the same segments such as the Acanthoscurria genus because of the palpal bulb with a very short and acuminate embolus and four short keels, separated tibial apophysis. Females can be separated from the others by the spermathecae with two seminal receptacles with elongated ducts emerging from a common area.

Tarantula
Tarantulas are a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. More than a thousand species have been identified, within almost 200 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although many other members of the same infraorder (Mygalomorphae) are commonly referred to as "tarantulas" or "false tarantulas".  Some of the more common species have become popular in the exotic pet trade. Many New World species kept as pets have setae known as urticating hairs that can cause irritation to the skin, and in extreme cases, cause damage to the eyes.
Oklahoma State Highway 7
State Highway 7 (abbreviated SH-7) is a 150.5-mile (242.2 km) highway in southern Oklahoma. This lengthy highway connects many towns in Oklahoma's "Little Dixie" area. It runs from Interstate 44 in Lawton to U.S. 69/US-75 in Atoka.

Interstate 44 in Oklahoma
Interstate 44 (I-44) is an Interstate Highway that runs diagonally through the U.S. state of Oklahoma, spanning from the Texas state line near Wichita Falls, Texas, to the Missouri border near Joplin, Missouri. It connects three of Oklahoma's largest cities: Oklahoma City, Tulsa, and Lawton. Most of I-44 in Oklahoma is a toll road. In southwestern Oklahoma, I-44 is the H. E. Bailey Turnpike and follows a diagonally northeast–southwest direction. From Oklahoma City to Tulsa, I-44 follows the Turner Turnpike. After leaving Tulsa, I-44 follows the Will Rogers Turnpike to the Missouri state line west of Joplin, Missouri. In the Lawton, Oklahoma City, and Tulsa metropolitan areas, I-44 is toll-free. In Oklahoma City, I-44 is also known as the Will Rogers Expressway.

I-44 is paralleled by former U.S. Highway 66 (US-66, now mostly State Highway 66, or SH-66) from Oklahoma City to the Missouri state line.
Compensatory lengthening
Compensatory lengthening in phonology and historical linguistics is the lengthening of a vowel sound that happens upon the loss of a following consonant, usually in the syllable coda, or of a vowel in an adjacent syllable. Lengthening triggered by consonant loss may be considered an extreme form of fusion (Crowley 1997:46). Both types may arise from speakers' attempts to preserve a word's moraic count.

Voiced velar fricative
A voiced velar fricative is a type of consonantal sound that is used in various spoken languages. It is not found in most varieties of Modern English but existed in Old English. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɣ⟩, a Latinized variant of the Greek letter gamma, ⟨γ⟩, which has this sound in Modern Greek. It should not be confused with the graphically-similar ⟨ɤ⟩, the IPA symbol for a close-mid back unrounded vowel, which some writings use for the voiced velar fricative.

The symbol ⟨ɣ⟩ is also sometimes used to represent the velar approximant, which, however, is more accurately written with the lowering diacritic: [ɣ̞] or [ɣ˕]. The IPA also provides a dedicated symbol for a velar approximant, [ɰ].

There is also a voiced post-velar fricative, also called pre-uvular, in some languages. For the voiced pre-velar fricative, also called post-palatal, see voiced palatal fricative.
Sony Music Entertainment Poland
Sony Music Entertainment Poland Sp. z o.o. (SMEP) is a Polish subsidiary of Sony Music Entertainment. It was founded in 1995 in Warsaw. The label's CEO is Kazimierz Pułaski.

The label was founded after Sony Music Entertainment took over the catalogue of MJM Music PL in late 1995. In 2003, MJM Music PL split from SME Poland and has since run as an independent label.

In 2004, the label merged with BMG Poland and formed Sony BMG Music Entertainment Poland, as of joint venture deal between Sony Music Entertainment and Bertelsmann Music Group. Polish division of Sony BMG included such artists as Big Cyc, Coma, Kayah and Maryla Rodowicz, among others.

In 2008, after BMG was bought by Sony Music, the Polish label returned to the previous name Sony Music Entertainment Poland. The label's most recently signed artists include singer Dawid Podsiadło and the bands Trzynasta w Samo Południe and Bracia.

Bertelsmann Music Group
Bertelsmann Music Group (BMG) was a division of a German media company Bertelsmann before its relaunch and completion of sale of the majority of its assets to Sony Corporation of America on 1 October 2008.

Although it was established in 1987, the music company was formed as RCA/Ariola International in 1985 as a joint venture to combine the music label activities of RCA's RCA Records division and Bertelsmann's Ariola Records and its associated labels which include Arista Records. It consisted of the BMG Music Publishing company, the world's third largest music publisher and the world's largest independent music publisher and (since August 2004) the 50% share of the joint venture with Sony Music, which established the German American Sony BMG from 2004 to 2008.
Albert Kingwell
Albert Edward Kingwell FRIBA  (3 January 1863 – 10 November 1949) was an English architect, surveyor and land agent who was one of the first to use concrete in his practice. He oversaw the Jack Estate at Hadley Wood in Hertfordshire for more than 50 years.

Charles Jack
Charles Jack (1810 – 22 April 1896) was an Irish farmer and landowner who was primarily responsible for the construction of Hadley Wood from the late 1880s, and the building of Hadley Wood railway station.
Tiphia bijui
Tiphia bijui is a species of wasp belonging to the family Tiphiidae, subfamily Tiphiinae. The species is named after an expert field assistant Mr. T. Biju, a Forest watcher at Aralam Wildlife Sanctuary.

Tiphiidae
The Tiphiidae (also known as tiphiid wasps, flower wasps, or tiphiid flower wasps) are a family of large, solitary wasps whose larvae are parasitoids of various beetle larvae, especially those in the superfamily Scarabaeoidea. Until recently, this family contained several additional subfamilies, but multiple studies have independently confirmed that these comprise a separate lineage, and are now classified in the family Thynnidae.

The females of some Brachycistidinae are wingless, and hunt ground-dwelling (fossorial) beetle larvae. The prey is paralysed with the female's sting, and an egg is laid on it so the wasp larva has a ready supply of food. As some of the ground-dwelling scarab species attacked by tiphiids are pests, some of these wasps are considered beneficial as biological control agents.
Egremont Russet
The Egremont Russet is a cultivar of dessert apple, of the russet type. It has a rich, nutty flavour and crisp, firm and fairly juicy flesh.

It was first recorded in 1872, and is believed to have been raised by the Earl of Egremont at Petworth in Sussex, UK.

It was first popular in the Victorian era and has remained popular ever since. It is the third most common apple in commercial cultivation in England & Wales after Cox's Orange Pippin and Bramley, although its 308ha represents just 3.7% of total apple orchards.

It is a popular garden apple in the United Kingdom (UK) and trees are widely available from UK garden centres.

Cox's Orange Pippin
Cox's Orange Pippin, in Britain often referred to simply as Cox or Cox's Pippins, is an apple cultivar first grown in 1825 or 1830 at Colnbrook in Buckinghamshire, England, by the retired brewer and horticulturist Richard Cox.

Though the parentage of the cultivar is unknown, Ribston Pippin seems a likely candidate. DNA analysis of major apple pedigrees has suggested Margil as the parent of Cox, with Ribston Pippin being another Margil seedling. The variety was introduced for sale by the 1850s by Charles Turner, and grown commercially from the 1860s, particularly in the Vale of Evesham in Worcestershire, and later in Kent.
Fritz Scholder
Fritz William Scholder V (October 6, 1937 – February 10, 2005) was a Native American artist, who produced paintings, monotypes, lithographs, and sculptures. Scholder was an enrolled member of the La Jolla Band of Luiseño Indians, a federally recognized tribe of Luiseños, a California Mission tribe. Scholder's most influential works were post-modern in sensibility and somewhat Pop Art in execution as he sought to deconstruct the mythos of the American Indian. A teacher at the Institute of American Indian Arts (IAIA) in Santa Fe in the late 1960s, Scholder instructed prominent Native American students.

National Museum of the American Indian
The National Museum of the American Indian is a museum in the United States devoted to the culture of the Indigenous peoples of the Americas. It is part of the Smithsonian Institution group of museums and research centers.

The museum has three facilities. The National Museum of the American Indian on the National Mall in Washington, D.C., opened on September 21, 2004, on Fourth Street and Independence Avenue, Southwest. The George Gustav Heye Center, a permanent museum, is located at the Alexander Hamilton U.S. Custom House in New York City, opened in October 1994. The Cultural Resources Center, a research and collections facility, is located in Suitland, Maryland.  The foundations for the present collections were first assembled in the former Museum of the American Indian in New York City, which was established in 1916, and which became part of the Smithsonian in 1989.
Silene flavescens
Silene flavescens is a species of flowering plant part of the genus Silene, family Caryophyllaceae. It is native to the Balkan Peninsula and Hungary. It is an herbaceous species belonging to the tribe Sileneae.

Silene
Silene is a genus of flowering plants in the family Caryophyllaceae. Containing nearly 900 species, it is the largest genus in the family. Common names include campion and catchfly. Many Silene species are widely distributed, particularly in the northern hemisphere.
Argive vase painting
Argive vase painting was a regional style of Greek Geometric vase painting from the city of Argos.

Besides Athens, Argos was one of the centres of Geometric vase painting. Argive potters followed influences especially from Attic vase painting, until the final phase of the style (750/690 BC). Typical of the Argive Geometric vases are large pictorial panels, containing either horses or men and horses. Waterfowl and fish were often depicted in the background. Ornamentation is dominated by stepped meanders and orientalising motifs.

Geometric art
Geometric art is a phase of Greek art, characterized largely by geometric motifs in vase painting, that flourished towards the end of the Greek Dark Ages and a little later, c. 900–700 BC. Its center was in Athens, and from there the style spread among the trading cities of the Aegean. The so-called Greek Dark Ages were considered to last from c. 1100 to 800 BC and include the phases from the Protogeometric period to the Middle Geometric I period, which Knodell (2021) calls Prehistoric Iron Age. The vases had various uses or purposes within Greek society, including, but not limited to, funerary vases and symposium vases.
Greya variabilis
Greya variabilis is a moth of the family Prodoxidae. It is found on the Yugorski, Taymyr and Chukchi peninsulas of arctic Russia, the Pribilof Islands, Alaska and along the North American west coast. In the northern part of the range, the habitat consists of tundra. In the south, it occurs in moist coniferous forests.

The wingspan is 12–18 mm.

The larvae possibly feed on Saxifraga species.

Prodoxidae
The Prodoxidae are a family of moths, generally small in size and undistinguished in appearance. They include species of moderate pest status, like the currant shoot borer, and others of considerable ecological and evolutionary interest, such as various species of "yucca moths".
Claudio Marangoni
Claudio Oscar Marangoni (born 17 November 1954 in Rosario) is an Argentine former footballer who played as a midfielder. He played club football in Argentina and England and played for the Argentina national team at international level.

1990 Recopa Sudamericana
The 1990 Recopa Sudamericana was the second Recopa Sudamericana, an annual football match between the winners of the previous season's Copa Libertadores and Supercopa Sudamericana competitions. Originally, the title was supposed to be disputed on a two-legged series. Due to security concerns on the eventual, first leg in Colombia and schedule congestion; a neutral stadium was chosen for the match to take place. The Orange Bowl in Miami became the venue for this year's Recopa Sudamericana final.

The match was contested by Atlético Nacional, winners of the 1989 Copa Libertadores, and Boca Juniors, winners of the 1989 Supercopa Sudamericana, on March 17, 1990. Boca Juniors managed to defeat Atlético Nacional 0-1 to lift the trophy for the first time.
Al-Qaeda in Iraq
Al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI) was a Salafi jihadist organization affiliated with al-Qaeda. It was founded on 17 October 2004, and was led by Abu Musab al-Zarqawi until its disbandment on 15 October 2006 after he was killed in a targeted bombing on 7 June 2006 in Hibhib, Iraq by the United States Air Force.

The group was started as Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad in 1999. In 2004 it pledged allegiance to Osama bin Laden's al-Qaeda. Under the leadership of al-Zarqawi, AQI was engaged in various militant activities during the early stages of the Iraqi insurgency, with the objective of expelling the U.S.-led coalition and establishing an Islamic state in Iraq. In January 2006, AQI and seven other Sunni guerrilla groups formed the Mujahideen Shura Council (MSC), which on 15 October 2006 disbanded to form the "Islamic State of Iraq."

Islamic fundamentalism
Islamic fundamentalism has been defined as a revivalist and reform movement of Muslims who aim to return to the founding scriptures of Islam. The term has been used interchangeably with similar terms such as Islamism, Islamic revivalism, Qutbism, Islamic activism, and has been criticized as pejorative.

Some of the beliefs attributed to Islamic fundamentalists are that the primary sources of Islam (the Quran, Hadith, and Sunnah), should be interpreted in a literal and originalist way; that corrupting non-Islamic influences should be eliminated from every part of Muslims' lives; and that the societies, economies, and governance of Muslim-majority countries should return to the fundamentals of Islam, the system of Islam, and become  Islamic states.
Piedade, São Tomé and Príncipe
Piedade is a village on São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 1,408 (2012 census). It lies directly southeast of Batepá and 2 km west of Trindade. The agricultural school Centro de Aperfeiçoamento Técnico Agro-Pecuário (CATAP) is located in Piedade.

Batepá
Batepa is a village on São Tomé Island in São Tomé and Príncipe. Its population is 775 (2012 census). It lies 2 km west of Trindade and 2 km east of Monte Café. It was the starting point of the Batepá massacre, a brutally crushed rebellion in February 1953, in which hundreds of local inhabitants were killed. It marked the rise of the independence movement in Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe, and is commemorated annually as a national holiday (Dia de Mártires da Liberdade) on February 3.
2024 Pictou West provincial by-election
A by-election was held in the provincial riding of Pictou West in Nova Scotia on May 21, 2024, to elect a new member of the Nova Scotia House of Assembly following the resignation of Progressive Conservative MLA Karla MacFarlane. The deadline for candidate nominations is May 1, 2024.

Progressive Conservative Premier Tim Houston called the by-election quickly, only two weeks after MacFarlane's resignation, suggesting the party is confident they will hold the seat.

On election day, the Progressive Conservative candidate, Marco MacLeod, a local sawmill owner won the seat with over 70 per cent of the vote. The NDP, and its candidate, Melinda McKenzie finished second and claimed a 'strong showing'. The Liberals finished in third for the second by-election in a row (they also finished third in the 2023 Preston provincial by-election), and lost their deposit by failing to get 10 per cent of the votes.

Nova Scotia New Democratic Party
The Nova Scotia New Democratic Party (Nova Scotia NDP) is a social democratic political party in Nova Scotia, Canada. It is the provincial section of the federal New Democratic Party.

It was founded as the Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF) in 1932, and became the New Democratic Party in 1961. It became the governing party of Nova Scotia following the 2009 Nova Scotia election, winning 31 seats in the Legislature, under the leadership of Premier Darrell Dexter. It is the only New Democratic Party in Atlantic Canada to form a government, and the second to form a government in a province east of Manitoba. The party lost government at the 2013 election, losing 24 seats, including Dexter's seat. Gary Burrill, the party’s leader from 2016 to 2022, is credited with bringing the party back to its left-wing roots. The party currently holds nine seats in the Legislature and has been led by Claudia Chender since June 2022.
1998 Southern Sting season
The 1998 Southern Sting season saw the Southern Sting netball team compete in the 1998 Coca-Cola Cup league season. 1998 was the inaugural season for the league. Together with Auckland Diamonds, Bay of Plenty Magic, Capital Shakers, Canterbury Flames, Counties Manukau Cometz, Northern Force, Otago Rebels, Waikato Wildcats and Western Flyers, Sting became founding members of the new league. With a team coached by Robyn Broughton, captained by Bernice Mene and featuring Reinga Bloxham, Kirsty Broughton, Julie Carter and Donna Loffhagen, Sting finished the season as grand finalists and runners up. In the grand final they lost to Otago Rebels 57–50.

Donna Wilkins
Donna Wilkins (née Loffhagen; born 29 April 1978 in Christchurch, New Zealand) is a former New Zealand representative in netball and basketball. She married Southland farmer Mike Wilkins on 16 March 2007. Wilkins returned to the Southern Steel for the 2012 season, after a short stint with the Canterbury Tactix in 2011.
2022 Grand National
The 2022 Grand National (officially known as the 2022 Randox Grand National for sponsorship reasons) was the 174th annual running of the Grand National horse race. It took place on Saturday, 9 April 2022, at Aintree Racecourse in Liverpool, England. The event was sponsored by Randox Health.

The race was won by Noble Yeats, trained by Emmet Mullins and ridden by Sam Waley-Cohen, with final odds at 50/1. Waley-Cohen became the first amateur jockey to win the Grand National since Marcus Armytage on Mr Frisk in 1990, while Noble Yeats became the first seven year old to win the race since Bogskar in 1940. The race was Waley-Cohen's last race before retirement.

1990 Grand National
The 1990 Grand National (officially known as the Seagram Grand National for sponsorship reasons) was the 144th renewal of the Grand National horse race that took place at Aintree Racecourse near Liverpool, England, on 7 April 1990. The off time was 3.20pm.

Mr. Frisk won the race in a time of 8 minutes and 47.80 seconds, breaking Red Rum's 1973 record by 14.10 seconds. He was ridden by amateur jockey Marcus Armytage. This record still stands, even though the race has been 342 yd (312.72 m) shorter since 2013.

Second was Durham Edition, and third Rinus. The 7/1 favourite Brown Windsor finished fourth. In fifth was Lastofthebrownies, ridden by Charlie Swan, and Richard Dunwoody rode Bigsun home in sixth place.

There were two equine fatalities during the race. Roll-A-Joint fell at the first Canal Turn, breaking his neck and dying almost instantly, while Hungary Hur incurred a leg fracture while running towards the 19th fence, pulled up and was euthanised.
Masson Mill
Sir Richard Arkwright's Masson Mill is a water-powered cotton spinning mill situated on the west bank of the River Derwent in Matlock Bath, Derbyshire in England. This mill was built in 1783.  It forms part of the Derwent Valley Mills, a World Heritage Site.  Nearby is Willersley Castle, the house Richard Arkwright built for himself within the parish of Matlock.

Richard Arkwright
Sir Richard Arkwright (23 December 1732 – 3 August 1792) was an English inventor and a leading entrepreneur during the early Industrial Revolution. He is credited as the driving force behind the development of the spinning frame, known as the water frame after it was adapted to use water power; and he patented a rotary carding engine to convert raw cotton to 'cotton lap' prior to spinning. He was the first to develop factories housing both mechanised carding and spinning operations.

Arkwright's achievement was to combine power, machinery, semi-skilled labour and the new raw material of cotton to create mass-produced yarn. His organisational skills earned him the accolade "father of the modern industrial factory system," notably through the methods developed in his mill at Cromford, Derbyshire (now preserved as part of the Derwent Valley Mills World Heritage Site).