hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1998 U.S. Open (golf)
The 1998 United States Open Championship was the 98th U.S. Open, held June 18–21 at the Lake Course of the Olympic Club in San Francisco, California. Lee Janzen won his second U.S. Open, one stroke ahead of runner-up Payne Stewart. Janzen became the second winner at a U.S. Open at the Olympic Club to come back from seven strokes behind in the final round; Billy Casper also did it in 1966, but on the back nine alone. Stewart rebounded and won the title the next year at Pinehurst, but died four months later in an aviation accident.

Four-time champion Jack Nicklaus, age 58, made the 36-hole cut at the U.S. Open for the final time.

This was the fourth U.S. Open at the Lake Course of the Olympic Club; the first two in 1955 and 1966 ended in playoffs, and 1987 was a one-stroke victory. The U.S. Open returned in 2012, also won by one stroke.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Castelletto d'Erro
Castelletto d'Erro is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Alessandria in the Italian region Piedmont, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southeast of Turin and about 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Alessandria.

Castelletto d'Erro borders the following municipalities: Bistagno, Cartosio, Melazzo, Montechiaro d'Acqui, and Ponti.

Alessandria
Alessandria (Italian: [alesˈsandrja] ⓘ; Piedmontese: Lissandria [liˈsɑŋdrja]) is a city and commune in Piedmont, Italy, and the capital of the Province of Alessandria. With a population of 92,518, it is the 3rd-largest city in Piedmont and the 53rd-largest in Italy.

Known for the famous hat manufacturing company Borsalino and for its proximity to the historical site of the battle of Marengo, led by Napoleon, the town is an important agricultural, industrial and logistic hub within its region and Italy's North-West. With a surface extension that makes it Piedmont's largest municipality and a population of 92 839 inhabitants  (the third most popolous city in the region), Alessandria is located in the centre of the so-called "industrial triangle", whose vertices are Turin, Milan and Genoa. Alessandria is also home to one of the headquarters of the University of Eastern Piedmont, which is an academic institution that has a tripolar structure shared with Vercelli and Novara.
Khvajeh Jamali, Kazerun
Khvajeh Jamali (Persian: خواجه جمالي, also Romanized as Khvājeh Jamālī) is a village in Khesht Rural District, Khesht District, Kazerun County, Fars province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 310, in 73 families.

Konartakhteh Rural District
Konartakhteh Rural District (Persian: دهستان کنارتخته) is in Konartakhteh and Kamaraj District of Kazerun County, Fars province, Iran. It is administered from the city of Konartakhteh. The rural district was previously administered from the city of Khesht.
Ludwig Greiner
Ludwig Greiner (1796–1882) was a 19th-century forest and lumber industry management expert who improved the effectiveness of woodland valuation methods in the Austrian Empire and trained a whole new generation of foresters in a comprehensive approach to the management of natural resources. While his goals were defined by a need to run a profitable business, he introduced procedures that replaced previous exploitative, earth-eroding lumbering on Saxe-Coburg's estates with practices that contained aspects of modern ecology. Greiner's insistence on a thorough woodland inventory of his employer's vast, poorly charted lands gave him his enduring recognition outside the field defined by his expertise. His passion for precision, geomatics, and the outdoors made him the first person to disprove the results of previous measurements and accurately identify Gerlachovský štít as the highest peak in the whole 1,500 km (900 mi.) long Carpathian mountain range.

Prince Ferdinand of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha
Prince Ferdinand Georg August of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (28 March 1785 – 27 August 1851) was a German prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha and a general of cavalry in the Austrian Imperial and Royal Army during the Napoleonic Wars. Initially remaining a Lutheran until 1818, by marriage he established the Catholic branch of the family, which eventually gained the thrones of Portugal (1837) and Bulgaria (1887).: 107
Lanzo Valleys
The Lanzo Valleys (in Italian Valli di Lanzo, in Piedmontese Valade ëd Lans) is a group of three valleys in the north-west of Piedmont in the Metropolitan City of Turin, Italy. They are located in the Graian Alps of Piedmont, between the Valle dell'Orco to the north and the Val di Susa to the south. Crossed by various streams which in each valley is called Stura and which flow into the river Stura di Lanzo, the valleys take their name from the town of Lanzo, located on an ancient glacial moraine at the end of the valleys.

Metropolitan City of Turin
The Metropolitan City of Turin (Italian: città metropolitana di Torino; Piedmontese: sità metropolitan-a 'd Turin) is a metropolitan city in the Piedmont region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Turin. It replaced the province of Turin and comprises 312 comuni (sg.: comune). It was created by the reform of local authorities (Law 142/1990) and established by the Law 56/2014. It has been officially operating since 1 January 2015. With a population of 2,204,276, it is the 4th most populous metropolitan city in Italy.

The Metropolitan City of Turin is headed by the Metropolitan Mayor (sindaco metropolitano) and by the Metropolitan Council (consiglio metropolitano). Since 27 October 2021, Stefano Lo Russo has served as the mayor of the capital city, succeeding Chiara Appendino. The largest metropolitan city of Italy, it is the only one to border a foreign state, France.
Germinal center B-cell like diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
Gene expression profiling has revealed that diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is composed of at least 3 different sub-groups, each having distinct oncogenic mechanisms that respond to therapies in different ways. Germinal Center B-Cell like (GCB) DLBCLs appear to arise from normal germinal center B cells, while Activated B-cell like (ABC) DLBCLs are thought to arise from postgerminal center B cells that are arrested during plasmacytic differentiation.  The differences in gene expression between GCB DLBCL and ABC DLBCL are as vast as the differences between distinct types of leukemia, but these conditions have historically been grouped together and treated as the same disease.

Fostamatinib
Fostamatinib, sold under the brand names Tavalisse and Tavlesse, is a tyrosine kinase inhibitor medication for the treatment of chronic immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). The drug is administered by mouth.

Fostamatinib blocks the activity of the enzyme spleen tyrosine kinase (SYK). This enzyme is involved in stimulating parts of the immune system. By blocking SYK's activity, fostamatinib reduces the immune system's destruction of platelets, so allowing the platelet count to rise, which reduces the likelihood of excessive bleeding.

The most commonly reported side effects are diarrhea, high blood pressure, nausea, respiratory infection, dizziness, increased liver enzymes, rash, abdominal pain, fatigue, chest pain and decreased white blood cell count.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) considers it to be a first-in-class medication.
Diocese of České Budějovice
The Diocese of České Budějovice (Latin: Dioecesis Budovicensis) is a Latin diocese of the Catholic Church. It is situated almost entirely in Bohemia, with only small eastern section in Moravia. The diocese was founded on 20 September 1785, and its area is 12 500 km2. Jan Prokop Schaaffgotsche was its first diocesan bishop and Vlastimil Kročil is its current bishop.

Jan Prokop Schaaffgotsche
Jan Prokop Schaaffgotsche (German: Johann Prokop von Schaffgotsch; fully with all titles Johann Prokop Graf von Schaffgotsch Freiherr von Kynast und Greiffenstein; 22 May 1748, Prague – 8 May 1813, České Budějovice) was a Roman Catholic clergyman and bishop. He was an auxiliary bishop in Prague and the first bishop of České Budějovice.
Lordship of Champlain
The Lordship of Champlain was granted in 1664, on the north side of the St. Lawrence River between Trois-Rivières and Quebec City, under the feudal system of New France. Today, the territory of the former manor of Champlain is located in the administrative region of Mauricie in Quebec, Canada. The capital was the town of Champlain.

The Lordship of Champlain stretched from the north shore of the St. Lawrence River (west of the mouth of the Champlain River) up towards the north, parallel to the Lordship of Batiscan on the east side. The north-south dividing line between the two domains also divides the municipalities of Saint-Narcisse and Hérouxville.

Champlain (federal electoral district)
Champlain (French pronunciation: [ʃɑ̃plɛ̃] ⓘ) was a federal electoral district in Quebec, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1867 to 2004.

It was created in 1867 as part of the British North America Act, 1867. It was abolished in 2003 when it was redistributed into the districts of Saint-Maurice—Champlain and Trois-Rivières.
Crimp (joining)
Crimping is a method of joining two or more pieces of metal or other ductile material by deforming one or both of them to hold the other. The bend or deformity is called the crimp. Crimping tools are used to create crimps.

Crimping is used extensively in metalworking, including to contain bullets in cartridge cases, for electrical connections, and for securing lids on metal food cans. Because it can be a cold-working technique, crimping can also be used to form a strong bond between the workpiece and a non-metallic component. It is also used to connect two pieces of dough used for food.

Line splice
In electrical engineering and telecommunications, a line splice is a joint directly connecting lengths of electrical cables (electrical splice) or optical fibers (optical splice).

The splices are often protected by sleeves.
Franz Kiggelaer
François, Franciscus, or Frans Kiggelaer (baptized 4 December 1648, in Haarlem – buried 22 December 1722, in The Hague) was a Dutch botanist, apothecary and curator of the garden of Simon van Beaumont in Leiden. In 1690, he published a plant catalogue of this garden under the title "Horti Beaumontiani: Exoticarum Plantarum Catalogus ...".

He collaborated with Frederik Ruysch on the first volume of Jan Commelijn's "Horti Medici Amstelodamensis Rariorum" which appeared in 1697 and dealt mainly with plants from the East and West Indies. This was an illustrated account, with text in Dutch and Latin, of the plants growing in van Beaumont's garden. Watercolours of 420 plants were prepared during the period 1686–1709 by a number of artists, mainly Johan and Maria Moninckx, with minor contributions from Helena Herolt and Alida Withoos. 
Carl Linnaeus named the genus Kiggelaria, belonging to Achariaceae, in his honour.

Frederik Ruysch
Frederik Ruysch (Dutch: [ˈfreːdərɪk ˈrœys]; March 28, 1638 – February 22, 1731) was a Dutch botanist and anatomist. He is known for developing techniques for preserving anatomical specimens, which he used to create dioramas or scenes incorporating human parts. His anatomical preparations included over 2,000 anatomical, pathological, zoological, and botanical specimens, which were preserved by either drying or embalming. Ruysch is also known for his proof of valves in the lymphatic system, the vomeronasal organ in snakes, and arteria centralis oculi (the central artery of the eye). He was the first to describe the disease that is today known as Hirschsprung's disease, as well as several pathological conditions, including intracranial teratoma, enchondromatosis, and Majewski syndrome.
Puruvesi
Puruvesi is a lake in Eastern Finland. The lake is located in Kerimäki, Kesälahti and Punkaharju municipalities. Part of the Saimaa lake system, it borders on the sub-lake system of Pihlajavesi to the south. As is the case of other lakes of Saimaa, it has numerous islands and consists of numerous open lake areas, of which largest are Hummonselkä, Pajuselkä, Sammalselkä, Mustanselkä, and Ruosteselkä.

The lake is known for its pure water and has uniquely good underwater visibility for a Finnish lake, easily extending to 6–10 metres (20–33 ft) from the surface on calm and sunny days.

Recently,  the Saimaa Ringed Seal, a rare freshwater seal species, has returned to Puruvesi. Sightings of this  animal have occurred frequently in 2006, 2007 and 2008. At least one seal was also sighted in the winter of 2009 as having wintered and given birth in the eastern part of Puruvesi.

Saimaa ringed seal
The Saimaa ringed seal (Pusa saimensis, Finnish: saimaannorppa) is a species of seal. It is among the most endangered seals in the world, having a total population of only about 500 individuals. The only existing population of these seals is found in Lake Saimaa, Finland. It has lived in complete isolation from other ringed seal populations for around 9,500 years, and have diverged into a morphologically and ecologically different species or subspecies. The population is descended from ringed seals that were separated from the rest when the land rose after the last ice age. This seal, along with the Baikal seal, the Ladoga seal, and the Ungava seal, is one of the few living freshwater seals.

The Saimaa ringed seal was previously considered a subspecies of ringed seal called Pusa hispida saimensis.
Sawah Besar (Transjakarta)
Sawah Besar is a Transjakarta bus rapid transit station located in Kebon Kelapa, Gambir, Central Jakarta, serving Corridor 1. It is located between Jalan Gajah Mada and Hayam Wuruk, split by the Ciliwung River. Despite its name, the station not located within the Sawah Besar district.

Central Jakarta
Central Jakarta (Indonesian: Jakarta Pusat, Betawi: Jakarté Bèlah Tengah), abbreviated as Jakpus, is one of the five administrative cities (kota administrasi) and de facto Capital City of the Special Capital Region of Jakarta. It had 902,973 inhabitants according to the 2010 census and 1,056,896 at the 2020 census; the official estimate as of mid-2023 was 1,103,357, comprising 553,471 males and 549,886 females. Central Jakarta is not self-governed and does not have a city council, hence it is not classified as a proper municipality.

Central Jakarta is the smallest in area and population of the five administrative cities of Jakarta. It is both the administrative and political center of Jakarta and Indonesia. Central Jakarta contains several large international hotels and major landmarks such as Hotel Indonesia.
Adenosine receptor antagonist
An adenosine receptor antagonist is a drug which acts as an antagonist of one or more of the adenosine receptors. The best known are xanthines and their derivatives (natural: caffeine, theophylline, and theobromine; and synthetic: PSB-1901), but there are also non-xanthine representatives (e.g. ISAM-140, ISAM-R316, etrumadenant, and AZD-4635)

Theobromine
Theobromine, also known as xantheose, is the principal alkaloid of Theobroma cacao (cacao plant). Theobromine is slightly water-soluble (330 mg/L) with a bitter taste. In industry, theobromine is used as an additive and precursor to some cosmetics. It is found in chocolate and several other foods, including tea (Camellia sinensis), some American hollies (yaupon and guayusa) and the kola nut. It is a white or colourless solid, but commercial samples can appear yellowish.

Theobromine, a metabolite of caffeine, is processed in the liver into xanthine and methyluric acid, peaks in the blood 2–3 hours after ingestion due to its fat solubility, and primarily acts by inhibiting adenosine receptors with minor phosphodiesterase inhibition. It is a mild heart stimulant and bronchodilator in humans with limited central nervous system effects. It can be toxic or fatal to animals like dogs and cats due to their slower metabolism of the compound.
5381 Sekhmet
5381 Sekhmet is an Aten asteroid whose orbit is sometimes closer to the Sun than the Earth's. Carolyn Shoemaker at Palomar Observatory discovered it on 14 May 1991. It is named after Sekhmet, the Egyptian goddess of war.

Sekhmet is believed to be an S-type asteroid, and some believe its diameter is approximately 1.4 km.

In December 2003, a team of astronomers at Arecibo Observatory announced that the asteroid may have a moon that measures 300 m in diameter and orbits approximately 1.5 km from Sekhmet. This moon is not yet confirmed.

Minor-planet moon
A minor-planet moon is an astronomical object that orbits a minor planet as its natural satellite. As of January 2022, there are 457 minor planets known or suspected to have moons. Discoveries of minor-planet moons (and binary objects, in general) are important because the determination of their orbits provides estimates on the mass and density of the primary, allowing insights into their physical properties that are generally not otherwise accessible.

Several of the moons are quite large compared to their primaries: 90 Antiope, Mors–Somnus and Sila–Nunam (95%), Patroclus–Menoetius, Altjira and Lempo–Hiisi (90%, with Lempo–Paha at 50%). The largest known minor-planet moon in absolute size is Pluto's moon Charon, which has about half the diameter of Pluto.

There are also several known ring systems around distant objects (see: Rings of Chariklo and Chiron).
Câmpani
Câmpani (Hungarian: Felsőmezős) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. Its earliest attested documentation dates to 1600. It is situated in the southern part of the county, near the Apuseni Mountains, on the banks of the Băița River. Câmpani is situated at roughly equal distances to 3 towns: Nucet (5 km), Ștei (6 km), Vașcău (8 km), and 88 km from the county capital Oradea.

Vașcău
Vașcău (Hungarian: Vaskoh) is a town in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania. It administers five villages: Câmp (Vaskohmező), Câmp-Moți, Colești (Kolafalva), Vărzarii de Jos (Alsófüves), and Vărzarii de Sus (Felsőfüves).
Balangoda Electoral District
Balangoda electoral district was an electoral district of Sri Lanka between August 1947 and February 1989. The district was named after the town of Balangoda in Ratnapura District, Sabaragamuwa Province. The 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka introduced the proportional representation electoral system for electing members of Parliament. The existing 160 mainly single-member electoral districts were replaced with 22 multi-member electoral districts. Balangoda electoral district was replaced by the Ratnapura multi-member electoral district at the 1989 general elections, the first under the proportional representation system. The Balangoda electoral district was one of five multi-member constituencies, with two members, the others were Ambalangoda-Balapitiya, Badulla, Colombo Central and Kadugannawa.

Ratnapura Electoral District
Ratnapura electoral district is one of the 22 multi-member electoral districts of Sri Lanka created by the 1978 Constitution of Sri Lanka. The district is conterminous with the administrative district of Ratnapura in the Sabaragamuwa province. The district currently elects 10 of the 225 members of the Sri Lankan Parliament and had 734,651 registered electors in 2010. The district is Sri Lanka's Electorate Number 21.
Percy Harvin
William Percy Harvin III (born May 28, 1988) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Florida Gators, who won the BCS National Championship in 2006 and 2008. A two-time first-team All-American, he was selected by the Minnesota Vikings in the first round of the 2009 NFL draft. Harvin also played for the Seattle Seahawks, New York Jets and Buffalo Bills. He was named the Associated Press Offensive Rookie of the Year in 2009 and won Super Bowl XLVIII with the Seahawks in 2013 over the Denver Broncos. He attended and played football for Landstown High School in Virginia Beach, where his team won the high school state championship in 2004.

Pop Warner Little Scholars
Pop Warner Little Scholars, commonly known simply as Pop Warner,  is a nonprofit organization that provides activities such as American football, for over 425,000 youths aged 5 to 16 years old, in several nations. It is the largest youth football organization in the United States.

Its headquarters are in Langhorne, Pennsylvania. Pop Warner Little Scholars is named after football coach Pop Warner, who heavily contributed to the organization in its early years.
Eugene J. de Sabla, Jr., Teahouse and Tea Garden
The Eugene J. de Sabla, Jr., Teahouse and Tea Garden is a historic garden located in San Mateo, bordering Hillsborough, California. It has been described as both a Higurashi-en and a Shin-style garden and is the only surviving private garden designed by the widely respected Japanese garden designer Makoto Hagiwara. It was built around 1907 on the El Cerrito estate and is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

John McLaren (horticulturist)
John Hays McLaren (December 20, 1846 – January 12, 1943) was a Scottish-born American horticulturalist. For 53 years (1890–1943) he served as superintendent of Golden Gate Park in San Francisco, California.
Sergey Sazonov
Sergei Dmitriyevich Sazonov GCB (Russian: Серге́й Дми́триевич Сазо́нов; 10 August 1860  – 11 December 1927) was a Russian statesman and diplomat who served as the foreign minister of Russia from November 1910 to July 1916. The degree of his involvement in the events leading up to the outbreak of World War I is a matter of keen debate, with some historians putting the blame for an early and provocative mobilization squarely on Sazonov's shoulders, and others maintaining that his chief preoccupation was "to reduce the temperature of international relations, especially in the Balkans".

Pan-Slavism
Pan-Slavism is a political ideology that originated in the mid-19th century, emphasizing integrity and unity among the Slavic peoples. Its main impact occurred in the Balkans, where non-Slavic empires had ruled the South Slavs for centuries. These were mainly the Byzantine Empire, Austria-Hungary, the Ottoman Empire, and Venice.
Tsomon Ling
Tsomon Ling, Tsomonling, Tsome Ling, Chomoling (Tibetan: ཚེ་སྨོན་གླིང།, Wylie: tshe smon gling, THL: tsé mön ling or Tsho smon gling - pronounced 'Tsemonling') is a temple in inner Lhasa, Tibet Autonomous Region, China, south of the Ramoche Temple, and on the corner of one of the main roads, Dekyi Shar Lam. It was one of the Four Royal Colleges or Regency Temples (Ling Shi or gLing bzhi) of Lhasa built during the 17th century after the Fifth Dalai Lama assumed both temporal as well as spiritual power. The other three Ling are Tengye Ling, Kunde Ling, and Drib Tsemchok Ling.

Lhasa
Lhasa, officially the Chengguan District of Lhasa City, is the inner urban district of Lhasa City, Tibet Autonomous Region, Southwestern China.

Lhasa is the second most populous urban area on the Tibetan Plateau after Xining and, at an altitude of 3,656 metres (11,990 ft), Lhasa is one of the highest cities in the world. The city has been the religious and administrative capital of Tibet since the mid-17th century. It contains many culturally significant Tibetan Buddhist sites such as the Potala Palace, Jokhang Temple and Norbulingka Palaces. According to the census, the total resident population of the city by the end of 2024 will be 876,400.