hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2017 Hardee's Pro Classic
The 2017 Hardee's Pro Classic was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the seventeenth edition of the tournament and part of the 2017 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $60,000 in prize money. It took place in Dothan, United States, from 17–23 April 2017.

Hardee's Pro Classic
The Hardee's Pro Classic (formerly known as the Movie Gallery Pro Tennis Classic and the Dothan Pro Tennis Classic) is a tennis tournament held on outdoor clay courts at the Westgate Tennis Center in Dothan, Alabama. It has been held since 2001 and is part of the ITF Women's Circuit as a $80,000 event. In the past it has been a $25,000 event (2001) and a $75,000 event (2002–2009).
Criticism of the BBC
The British Broadcasting Corporation (BBC) took its present form on 1 January 1927 when John Reith became its first Director-General. Reith stated that impartiality and objectivity were the essence of professionalism in its broadcasting. Allegations that the corporation lacks impartial and objective journalism have been made by observers on both the left and the right of the political spectrum. Another area of criticism has been the mandatory licence fee, as commercial competitors argue the licence fee is unfair and limits their ability to compete with the BBC.

Palestine Solidarity Campaign
The Palestine Solidarity Campaign (PSC) is an activist organisation in England and Wales.  It was founded in the UK in 1982 and incorporated in 2004 as Palestine Solidarity Campaign Ltd. In 2023, The Guardian described it as "Europe’s largest Palestinian rights organisation".
Kamoyants Saint Gevork Church
Kamoyants Saint Gevork Church (Armenian: Կամոյանց Սուրբ Գևորգ Եկեղեցի; Russian: Церковь Камоянц Св. Геворг) was an Armenian Apostolic church in Tbilisi, Georgia. It was destroyed in 1937-38 by order of Lavrentiy Beria along with 10 other churches in Tbilisi.

Old Tbilisi
Old Tbilisi (Georgian: ძველი თბილისი, dzveli t'bilisi) refers to the historical parts of Tbilisi. Although the term "Old Tbilisi" has long been used to denote the oldest part of the city, it was only in 2007 that it became an official administrative distinct, while also incorporating several historical neighbourhoods formerly included in the districts of Mtatsminda-Krtsanisi, Isani-Samgori, and Didube-Chugureti. The official district was abolished in 2013, with its territories allotted to several other divisions of the capital; however, locals and visitors continue to refer to historical districts as "Old Tbilisi" without precise boundaries.
2008 La Serena Open
The 2008 La Serena Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 3rd and final edition of the event, and part of the 2008 ATP Challenger Series of the 2008 ATP Tour. It took place at the tennis courts at the La Serena Golf resort in La Serena, Chile, from 14 through 20 January 2008.

The highlight of the tournament was the presence of Argentinian Mariano Puerta, former French Open runner-up in 2005, who returned to tennis in June 2007 after a 2-year ban due to doping. A temporary court with a capacity of 1,500 was specially built for the tournament.

2008 ATP Challenger Series
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Series is the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2008 ATP Challenger Series calendar comprised 176 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $25,000 up to $150,000.
Mountain View–Los Altos Union High School District
The Mountain View–Los Altos Union High School District (MVLA) is a school district serving high school students in Mountain View, Los Altos, and Los Altos Hills, California. The elementary and middle school students in the region are served by the Mountain View Whisman School District and Los Altos School District.

Los Altos Hills, California
Los Altos Hills (US: /lɑːs ˈæltoʊs/; Los Altos, Spanish for "The Heights") is an affluent incorporated town in Santa Clara County, California, United States. The population was 8,489 at the 2020 census. The town is known for its  expensive residential real estate.
Selwyn Huts
Selwyn Huts, also called Upper Selwyn Huts, is a rural settlement close to the northern shore of Lake Ellesmere / Te Waihora in the Selwyn District of New Zealand. Lower Selwyn Huts is a smaller settlement 2.8 km further south.

The settlement consists of private dwellings on public land, and has existed since 1895. Residents pay an annual licensing fee for use of the land.

Lower Selwyn Huts was affected by flooding in 2021. Upper Selwyn Huts was affected by flooding in 2025.

Selwyn District
Selwyn District is a predominantly rural district in central Canterbury, on the east coast of New Zealand's South Island. It is named after the Selwyn River / Waikirikiri, which is in turn named after Bishop George Selwyn, the first Anglican bishop of New Zealand who, in 1843 and 1844, travelled the length of the country by horse, foot, boat and canoe, leaving in his wake a sprinkling of locations that now bear his name.

As of the 2023 census, Selwyn District is the fastest-growing territorial authority in New Zealand, with a population increase of 29% over the prior five years.
Hemlock Lake
Hemlock Lake  is a Finger Lake in Ontario County in western New York state.  The third smallest of eleven, it is mostly located in Livingston County, New York, south of Rochester, with a portion overlapping into Ontario County. Hemlock is a translation of the Seneca name for the lake, O-neh-da Te-car-ne-o-di. It is one of two Finger Lakes whose shorelines are virtually undeveloped.

Livingston County, New York
Livingston County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 61,834. Its county seat is Geneseo. The county is named after Robert R. Livingston, who helped draft the Declaration of Independence and negotiated the Louisiana Purchase. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Livingston County is part of the Rochester, New York metropolitan area.
Scombrini
Scombrini, commonly called the true mackerels, is a tribe of ray-finned bony fishes in the mackerel family, Scombridae – a family it shares with the Spanish mackerel, tuna and bonito tribes, plus the butterfly kingfish.

Short mackerel
The short mackerel  or shortbodied mackerel (Rastrelliger brachysoma) is a species of mackerel in the family Scombridae. Its habitat is the shallow waters of Southeast Asia and Melanesia, feeding mainly on small zooplankton. It is of major importance to the fisheries industry.
Keba Jeremiah
Keba Jeremiah Arul (born 18 October 1986) is an Indian guitarist and music producer. He works on musical soundtracks for Bollywood, Tollywood (Telugu), and Kollywood music industries, including gospel music.

Anirudh Ravichander
Anirudh Ravichander (born 16 October 1990), also credited mononymously as Anirudh, is an Indian composer and playback singer who works primarily in Tamil cinema, in addition to Telugu and Hindi films. He has won two Filmfare Awards South, ten SIIMA Awards, six Edison Awards and five Vijay awards.

His debut song "Why This Kolaveri Di", composed for the 2012 film 3, went viral across the globe and has achieved over 450 million views on YouTube. A.R. Murugadoss signed him to compose music for Kaththi (2014) starring Vijay & Samantha which included the viral hit "Selfie Pulla". The soundtrack for the film became Anirudh's highest profile soundtrack until he was signed to compose music for Rajinikanth's Petta in 2019.

In 2016, he signed a record deal with Sony Music, which publishes his independent albums and live concerts. In the same year, he featured with Diplo on the remix of Major Lazer's hit single "Cold Water".
Passion Master
The Passion Master (Swedish: Passionsmästaren) is the name used to refer to an anonymous fresco painter and his workshop, active on Gotland during the 15th century. Works in about fifty churches have been attributed to the artist. The style of the Master of the Passion of Christ has been described as schematic and even primitive.

Works identified as being by the artist can be found among others in Anga, Etelhem, Gammelgarn and Hörsne churches.

Anga Church
Anga Church (Swedish: Anga kyrka) is a 13th century church in Anga on the Swedish island of Gotland. It is one of the most well-preserved Romanesque churches on Gotland, and was possibly preceded by a stave church. Inside, the church is decorated with medieval murals from three different periods, as well as some medieval furnishings. Some wooden sculptures from the church are today exhibited in a museum in Visby. The church belongs to the Church of Sweden and lies within the Diocese of Visby.
Wattston
Wattston is a village on the B803, west of Greengairs in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. Between them Wattston and Greengairs have about 1,190 residents. It is around 4 km south of Cumbernauld, and 4 km north of Airdrie. Other places nearby include Caldercruix, Longriggend, Riggend and Slamannan.

There is still open cast mining in this former mining village. The village was badly affected by the Stanrigg Mining Disaster  where, in July 1918, a collapse led to the deaths of 19 local mine workers, 3 of whom were from Wattston and 6 others from nearby Greengairs.

The 98th corps of the Lanarkshire Rifle Volunteers was headquartered at Wattston.

Caldercruix
Caldercruix /ˌkɔːldərˈkruks/ is a semi-rural village in North Lanarkshire, Scotland. The nearest major town is Airdrie, 4 miles (6 kilometres) to the west. It has a population of about 2,440. The village is about 20 miles (30 kilometres) east of Glasgow and 32 miles (51 kilometres) west of Edinburgh.

The local Church of Scotland congregation is the Caldercruix and Longriggend Parish Church and the local Roman Catholic Church is Saint Mary's located on Glen Road.

The village is home to an active community council. There is a combined primary school (Glengowan/St. Mary's Primary School) which serves the village and surrounding rural area.
Victoria Falls Hotel
The Victoria Falls Hotel is a historic luxury hotel at Victoria Falls, Zimbabwe, dramatically situated with a view of the Second Gorge and the Victoria Falls Bridge from its terrace.

It is a member of The Leading Hotels of the World marketing organisation and managed by African Sun Limited and Meikles.

The Leading Hotels of the World
The Leading Hotels of the World, Ltd. is an international marketing organization that was established in 1928. It represents more than 400 independent luxury hotels in over 80 countries, and its headquarters are in New York City.
2023 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The 2023 Wexford Senior Hurling Championship was the 113th staging of the Wexford Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Wexford County Board in 1889. The draw for the group stage places took place on 31 January 2023. The championship ran from 30 June to 20 August 2023.

Ferns St Aidan's entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Oylegate-Glenbrien at the quarter-final stage. Rathnure's relegation ended 82 years of top tier hurling for the club.

The final was played on 20 August 2023 at Chadwick's Wexford Park, between Naomh Éanna and Oylegate-Glenbrien, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Naomh Éanna won the match by 2-18 to 2-12 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title in five years.

Oylegate-Glenbrien's Séamus Casey was the championship's top scorer with 3-71.

Wexford Senior Hurling Championship
The Wexford Senior Hurling Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the Pettitt's SuperValu Senior Hurling Championship) is an annual hurling competition contested by top-tier Wexford GAA clubs. The Wexford County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association has organised it since 1889.

St Martin's are the title holders after defeating Rathnure by 2-14 to 0–16 in the final.
Da Capo III
Da Capo III (〜ダ・カーポ III〜, Da Kāpo III; abbreviated as D.C. III) is a Japanese visual novel developed by Circus that was released in limited and regular editions on April 27, 2012, as a DVD for Windows and is rated for ages 15 and up. It is the third main installment of the Da Capo visual novel franchise, after Da Capo and Da Capo II. The story takes place 20 years after the events from Da Capo II. The gameplay in Da Capo III follows a branching plot line which offers pre-determined scenarios with courses of interaction, and focuses on the five female main characters. A 13-episode anime adaptation aired between January and March 2013.

Kadokawa Shoten
Kadokawa Shoten (角川書店), formerly the Kadokawa Shoten Publishing Co., Ltd. (株式会社角川書店, Kabushiki-gaisha Kadokawa Shoten), is a Japanese publisher and division of Kadokawa Future Publishing based in Tokyo, Japan. It became an internal division of Kadokawa Corporation on October 1, 2013. Kadokawa publishes manga, light novels, manga anthology magazines such as Monthly Asuka and Monthly Shōnen Ace, and entertainment magazines such as Newtype. Since its founding, Kadokawa has expanded into the multimedia sector, namely in video games (as Kadokawa Games) and in live-action and animated films (as Kadokawa Pictures).
Lygodesmia aphylla
Lygodesmia aphylla is a species of flowering plant in the family Asteraceae known by the common name rose rush or rushweed. It has white, pink, or lavender flowers. It grows in Florida and Georgia and reaches between 1 and 3 feet tall.

This species can be found in habitats with deep dry, loose, and/or gravelly soils. It has been observed in habitats such as Florida scrub, sandhill, pine flatwoods, and mixed woodlands. It attracts a variety of pollinators.

Florida scrub
Florida scrub is a forest ecoregion found throughout Florida in the United States. It is found on coastal and inland sand ridges and is characterized by an evergreen xeromorphic plant community dominated by shrubs and dwarf oaks. Because the low-nutrient sandy soils do not retain moisture, the ecosystem is effectively an arid one. Wildfires infrequently occur in the Florida scrub. Most of the annual rainfall (about 135 cm or 53 in) falls in summer.

The ecosystem is endangered by residential, commercial and agricultural development. The largest remaining block lies in and around the Ocala National Forest. Lake Wales Ridge National Wildlife Refuge also holds a high proportion of remaining scrub habitat, while the Archbold Biological Station near Lake Placid contains about 20 km2 (7.7 sq mi) of scrub habitat and sponsors biological research on it.
New Zealand English phonology
This article covers the phonological system of New Zealand English. While most New Zealanders speak differently depending on their level of cultivation (i.e. the closeness to Received Pronunciation), this article covers the accent as it is spoken by educated speakers, unless otherwise noted. The IPA transcription is one designed by Bauer et al. (2007) specifically to faithfully represent a New Zealand accent, which this article follows in most aspects (see table under § Transcriptions).

Close-mid central rounded vowel
The close-mid central rounded vowel, or high-mid central rounded vowel, is a type of vowel sound. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ɵ⟩, a lowercase barred letter o. The value was specified only in 1993; until then, ⟨ɵ⟩ represented the mid central rounded vowel [ə̹].

The character ɵ has been used in several Latin-derived alphabets such as the one for Yañalif but then denotes a sound that is different from that of the IPA. The character is homographic with Cyrillic Ө. The Unicode code point is U+019F Ɵ LATIN CAPITAL LETTER O WITH MIDDLE TILDE.

This vowel occurs in Cantonese, Dutch, French, Russian and Swedish as well as in a number of English dialects as a realization of /ʊ/ (as in foot), /ɜː/ (as in nurse) or /oʊ/ (as in goat).

This sound rarely contrasts with the near-close front rounded vowel and so is sometimes transcribed with the symbol ⟨ʏ⟩ (the symbol for the near-close front rounded vowel).
Manuel González Prada
Jose Manuel de los Reyes González de Prada y Ulloa (Lima, 5 January 1844 – Lima, 22 July 1918) was a Peruvian politician and anarchist, literary critic and director of the National Library of Peru. The first writer to criticize the oligarchy within Peru, he is well remembered as a social critic who helped develop Peruvian intellectual thought in the early twentieth century, as well as the academic style known as modernismo.

He was born into the aristocratic class. He was close in spirit to Clorinda Matto de Turner whose first novel, Torn from the Nest approached political indigenismo, and to Mercedes Cabello de Carbonera, who like González Prada, practiced a positivism sui generis.

Centralism (Peru)
Centralism (Spanish: centralismo) is the common act of the social elite in Peru accumulating, or centralizing, wealth and development along the coast of the Pacific Ocean, particularly in the capital city of Lima. This practice has occurred throughout Peru's history and has resulted with large levels of economic inequality, political alienation and other disparities in rural regions, with Lima acquiring the majority of socioeconomic benefits in the nation.
Byomkesh O Durgo Rahasya
Byomkesh O Durgo Rahasya (transl. Byomkesh and the Mystery of the Fort) is a 2023 Indian Bengali-language detective thriller film directed by Birsa Dasgupta and written by Subhendu Dasmunshi. The film stars Dev as Byomkesh Bakshi along with Rukmini Maitra, Ambarish Bhattacharya, Rajatava Dutta, Satyam Bhattacharya and Debesh Chattopadhyay in pivotal roles. It is produced by Dev under Dev Entertainment Ventures. The film is based on the Bengali fictional detective character of Byomkesh Bakshi. The film was released theatrically on 11 August 2023.

Detective
A detective is an investigator, usually a member of a law enforcement agency. They often collect information to solve crimes by talking to witnesses and informants, collecting physical evidence, or searching records in databases. This leads them to arrest criminals and enable them to be convicted in court. A detective may work for the police or privately.
2025 Bolivarian Games
The 2025 Bolivarian Games (Spanish: Juegos Bolivarianos), officially the XXI Bolivarian Games Lima-Ayacucho 2025, was an international multi-sport event that was held in Lima and Ayacucho, Peru from 22 November to 7 December. It was the fifth time Peru hosted the games (third time in Lima and second in Ayacucho).

Bolivarian Games
The Bolivarian Games (Spanish: Juegos Bolivarianos, full name Juegos Deportivos Bolivarianos) are a regional multi-sport event held in honor of Simón Bolívar, and organized by the Bolivarian Sports Organization (Organización Deportiva Bolivariana, ODEBO). The event is open to athletes from Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Panama, Peru, the Dominican Republic, Puerto Rico and Venezuela. In 2010, the ODEBO decided to include Chile as the seventh member of ODEBO. Except Panama and the Dominican Republic, all other participating countries are Andean states.
Heyrod
Heyrod (/ˈhɛrəd/) is a village in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England, between Stalybridge and Mossley. Historically in Lancashire, Heyrod was subsumed into the Municipal Borough of Stalybridge in 1881, a local government district which became part of the administrative county of Cheshire in 1889.

Heyrod is the site of the former Hartshead Power Station.

There is a village hall.

Mossley
Mossley (/ˈmɒzli/) is a town and civil parish in Tameside, Greater Manchester, England, in the upper Tame Valley and the foothills of the Pennines, 3 miles (4.8 km) south-east of Oldham and 9 miles (14.5 km) east of Manchester.

The town grew up straddling the three historic counties of Lancashire, Cheshire and Yorkshire. It was placed entirely in Lancashire in 1889, and became part of Greater Manchester in 1974. At the 2021 census, the built-up area had a population of 11,410 and the parish population was 11,557.
Logone-Birni
Logone-Birni is a town and commune in Cameroon. The town lies on the left (west) bank of the Logone River which at this point forms the state boundary between Cameroon and Chad. It is the capital of the Kotoko people, whose two other principal cities are Kousséri and Goulfey.

Kousséri
Kousséri (from Arabic: قصور quṣūr meaning "palaces"), founded and known as Mser in the indigenous Mser language, is a city in Far North Province, Cameroon.  It is the capital of the Logone-et-Chari department. It is a market town, and its population has recently been swollen by refugees from Chad. It had a population of 89,123 at the 2005 Census. The majority of the population are Shuwa Arabs with Chadian Arabic used as the lingua franca.

It forms a transborder agglomeration with the city of N'Djamena, capital of Chad, from which it is separated by the Logone River and the Chari River.
Rushbrooke inequality
In statistical mechanics, the Rushbrooke inequality relates the critical exponents of a magnetic system which exhibits a first-order phase transition in the thermodynamic limit for non-zero temperature T.

Since the Helmholtz free energy  is extensive, the normalization to free energy per site is given as

The magnetization M per site in the thermodynamic limit, depending on the external magnetic field H and temperature T is given by

where  is the spin at the i-th site, and the magnetic susceptibility and specific heat at constant temperature and field are given by, respectively

and

Additionally,

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Mobilome
The mobilome is the entire set of mobile genetic elements in a genome. Mobilomes are found in eukaryotes, prokaryotes, and viruses. The compositions of mobilomes differ among lineages of life, with transposable elements being the major mobile elements in eukaryotes, and plasmids and prophages being the major types in prokaryotes. Virophages contribute to the viral mobilome.

Viral replication
Viral replication is the formation of biological viruses during the infection process in the target host cells.  Viruses must first get into the cell before viral replication can occur.  Through the generation of abundant copies of its genome and packaging these copies, the virus continues infecting new hosts.  Replication between viruses is greatly varied and depends on the type of genes involved in them. Most DNA viruses assemble in the nucleus while most RNA viruses develop solely in cytoplasm.