hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Grob fragmentation
A Grob fragmentation is an elimination reaction that breaks a neutral aliphatic chain into three fragments: a positive ion spanning atoms 1 and 2 (the "electrofuge"), an unsaturated neutral fragment spanning positions 3 and 4, and a negative ion (the "nucleofuge") comprising the rest of the chain.

For example, the positive ion may be a carbenium, carbonium or acylium ion; the neutral fragment could be an alkene, alkyne, or imine; and the negative fragment could be a tosyl or hydroxyl ion:

The reaction is named for the Swiss chemist Cyril A. Grob.

Alternately, atom 1 could begin as an anion, in which case it becomes neutral rather than going from neutral to cationic.

Nucleofuge
In chemistry, a nucleofuge (from  nucleo- 'atomic nucleus' and  fuge 'to run away/escape') is a leaving group which retains the lone pair of electrons from its previous bond with another species. For example, in the SN2 mechanism, a nucleophile attacks an organic compound containing the nucleofuge (the bromo group) which simultaneously breaks the bond with the nucleofuge.

After a reaction nucleofuges may contain either a negative or a neutral charge; this is governed by the nature of the specific reaction.

The word 'nucleofuge' is commonly found in older literature, but its use is less common in current literature in which the term leaving group dominates.
Soy Libre (song)
"Soy Libre" (English: I'm Free) is a song by the Puerto Rican reggaetón recording artist Ivy Queen, from her ninth studio, Vendetta (2015). It was composed by Queen with Nelson Díaz, Jorge Guadalupe and O'Nell Lopez, and produced by DJ Nelson and O'Nell Flow.

It was released as the lead single from the album on 9 December 2014, simultaneously  with the other three singles "Vamos A Guerrear", "Nací Para Amarte" and "Vendetta" on the EP release Vendetta: First Round (2014).

Vendetta: First Round
Vendetta: First Round (English: Revenge: First Round) is the second extended play by Puerto Rican reggaetón singer-songwriter Ivy Queen. It was released on 9 December 2014 by Siente Music.

The EP includes the first four singles from the main album: "Soy Libre", "Vamos A Guerrear", "Naci Para Amarte", and the title track "Vendetta", on disc one. Disc two features a DVD with the music videos to these songs as well as a forty-five-minute documentary of the making of the album.
Mahtab Hussain
Mahtab Hussain (born 1981) is a British fine art portrait photographer whose work comments on cultural differences. His bodies of work include You Get Me?, about issues of identity in working class British Asian young men and boys; Going Back Home to Where I Came From, photographs of Kashmir and Pakistan where his parents are from; and Honest With You about the changing identity of British Muslim women.

His work has been published in four books, is held in the collection of the Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, and has been shown in solo exhibitions at mac and Ikon Gallery in Birmingham, New Art Exchange in Nottingham, Impressions Gallery in Bradford, and The New Art Gallery Walsall.

Hussain is of Kashmiri / Pakistani origin.

Impressions Gallery
Impressions Gallery is an independent contemporary photography gallery in Bradford, England. It was established in 1972 and located in York until moving to Bradford in 2007. Impressions Gallery also runs a photography bookshop, publishes its own books and sells prints. It is one of the oldest venues for contemporary photography in Europe.
Traversata
Traversata is an album by American mandolinist David Grisman, Italian mandolinist Carlo Aonzo, and Italian guitarist Beppe Gambetta, playing guitar, mandolin, and the 14-string harp guitar.

The album comprises Italian-American instrumentals from the early part of the 20th century when Italians migrated in large numbers to the U.S. They called their trip overseas a traversata. In addition to traditional Italian folk music, the album includes versions of "Pickin' the Guitar" by Nick Lucas and "April Kisses" by Eddie Lang.

Eddie Lang
Eddie Lang (born Salvatore Massaro; October 25, 1902 – March 26, 1933) was an American musician who is credited as the father of jazz guitar. During the 1920s, he gave the guitar a prominence it previously lacked as a solo instrument, as part of a band or orchestra, and as accompaniment for vocalists. He recorded duets with guitarists Lonnie Johnson and Carl Kress and jazz violinist Joe Venuti, and played rhythm guitar in the Paul Whiteman Orchestra and was the favoured accompanist of Bing Crosby.
Naranbhai Rathwa
Naranbhai J. Rathwa (born 1 June 1953) is a former Member of Rajya Sabha from Gujarat. He was a member of the 9th, 10th, 11th, 12th & 14th Lok Sabha of India. He represented the Chhota Udaipur constituency of Gujarat as a member of the Indian National Congress. He is a currently a member of the Bharatiya Janata Party after he resigned from the Indian National Congress on 27 February 2024.

He was a Minister of State in the Ministry of Railways. He lost to Ramsinh Rathwa in 2009 Lok Sabha Elections

Ramsinh Rathwa
Ramsinh Rathwa is Indian politician from Gujarat and belong to Bhartiya Janata Party.

He was member of Rajya Sabha from Gurarat for two terms during 1982–1994. In 1999 he was elected to 13th Lok Sabha from Chhota Udaipur (Lok Sabha constituency). He was elected for second time to 15th Lok sabha in 2009.

He is born on 1 June 1951 at Pipaldi village in Kawant Taluka of Vadodara district and resides there.
Roger Dooley
Roger Dooley is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics.

Shea Whigham appeared as Roger Dooley in the Marvel Cinematic Universe TV series Agent Carter in the first season. He was depicted as the chief of the Strategic Scientific Reserve (SSR) who oversaw agents Peggy Carter, Jack Thompson, and Daniel Sousa.

Shea Whigham
Shea Whigham (born January 5, 1969) is an American actor best known for portraying Elias "Eli" Thompson in the drama series Boardwalk Empire. He also appeared in the first season of True Detective and the third season of Fargo and in numerous films, including Silver Linings Playbook, The Wolf of Wall Street, and Joker.
The Cowboy Captain of the Cutty Sark
"The Cowboy Captain of the Cutty Sark" is a 1998 Scrooge McDuck comic by Don Rosa. The story takes place between The Buckaroo of the Badlands and Raider of the Copper Hill in the series The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck making it part 3B.

The story was first published in the Danish Anders And & Co. #1998-52 and 1998–53; the first American publication was in Uncle Scrooge #318, in February 1999.

The Raider of the Copper Hill
"The Raider of the Copper Hill" or "The King of the Copper Hill" is a 1993 Scrooge McDuck comic by Don Rosa. It is the fourth of the original 12 chapters in the series The Life and Times of Scrooge McDuck. The story takes place from 1884 to 1885.

The story was first published in the Danish Anders And & Co. #1993-02; the first American publication was in Uncle Scrooge #288, in October 1994.
Abel James Hindle
Abel James Hindle (1870–1954) was a farmer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He represented Willow Bunch in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1917 to 1925 as a Liberal.

He was born in Churchill, Ontario, the son of Abel James Hindle and Mary Ann McKay, and was educated in Owen Sound. His grandparents had come to Canada from Lancashire, England. In 1898, Hindle married Minnie Sinclair. He operated a large farm west of Owen Sound until 1911, when the Hindles moved to Saskatchewan. They settled on a homestead west of Moose Jaw. Hindle was reeve of the rural municipality of Stonehenge from 1914 and 1915. He resigned his seat in 1925 to allow James Albert Cross to be elected to the provincial assembly. He later moved to Regina.

James Albert Cross
James Albert Cross, CMG, DSO, QC (December 11, 1876 – March 1, 1952) was a lawyer and political figure in Saskatchewan. He was a soldier's representative in the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan from 1917 to 1921, then represented Regina City from 1921 to 1925 and Willow Bunch from 1925 to 1929 in the Saskatchewan assembly as a Liberal.
Myotome
A myotome is the group of muscles that a single spinal nerve innervates. Similarly a dermatome is an area of skin that a single nerve innervates with sensory fibers. Myotomes are separated by myosepta (singular: myoseptum). In vertebrate embryonic development, a myotome is the part of a somite that develops into muscle.

Somite
The somites (outdated term: primitive segments) are a set of bilaterally paired blocks of paraxial mesoderm that form in the embryonic stage of somitogenesis, along the head-to-tail axis in segmented animals. In vertebrates, somites subdivide into the 
dermatomes, myotomes, 
sclerotomes and syndetomes that give rise to the vertebrae of the vertebral column, rib cage, part of the occipital bone, skeletal muscle, cartilage, tendons, and skin (of the back).

The word somite is sometimes also used in place of the word metamere. In this definition, the somite is a homologously-paired structure in an animal body plan, such as is visible in annelids and arthropods.
Surizai Bala
Surizai Bala is a village and Union Council in Peshawar District of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. It is part of Badhber Tehsil which is an administrative subdivison of the district. The Pashtuns of this village speak the Pashto language and practice Pashtunwali, a traditional code of conduct and honour.

Peshawar District
Peshawar District (Pashto: پېښور ولسوالۍ, Hindko: ضلع پشور‎, Urdu: ضلع پشاور‎) is a district in the Peshawar Division of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan. It is located about 160 km west of the Pakistan's capital Islamabad. The district headquarter is the city of Peshawar, which is also the capital of Khyber Paktunkhwa.
Maud (wherry)
Maud, along with Albion, is one of only two surviving Norfolk trading wherries to be found on the Norfolk Broads. Maud was built in 1899, and served as a sailing wherry and later as a lighter before being sunk in the mid-1960s as protection for part of the banks of Ranworth Broad. In 1981, she was refloated and taken to Upton where she was restored over a number of years, finally returning to the water in 1999. As of 2010, Maud is active on the Norfolk Broads. She is listed on the register of National Historic Ships in the United Kingdom, as part of the National Historic Fleet.

Albion (wherry)
Albion is a Norfolk wherry. Built in 1898, she served as a trading vessel and then as a lighter, until being acquired by the Norfolk Wherry Trust for restoration and preservation in 1949. Since 1981 she has been moored at the Norfolk Wherry Trust wherry base at Womack Water near Ludham. She is listed on the register of National Historic Ships in the United Kingdom as part of the National Historic Fleet.
Gokulam Kerala FC Reserves and Academy
Gokulam Kerala FC Reserves and Academy (Gokulam Kerala FC B) is the reserve team of Gokulam Kerala, that competes in Kerala Premier League. They won the Kerala Premier League title in 2017–18 and 2020–21 and were runners-up in 2018–19, 2019–20 and 2022–23.

2018–19 Kerala Premier League
The 2018–19 Kerala Premier League Season was the sixth season of the Kerala Premier League. The season featured 11 teams which was divided into 2 groups and is played on a home-and-away format. The season kicked off on 16 December 2018. Kozhikode Quartz, SBI Kerala and Trikaripur withdrawn from the league due to financial problems.
Liberty Hall
Liberty Hall (Irish: Halla na Saoirse), in Dublin, Ireland, is the headquarters of the Services, Industrial, Professional, and Technical Union (SIPTU).  Designed by Desmond Rea O'Kelly, it was completed in 1965. It was for a time the tallest building in the country, at 59.4 meters, (195 feet) high until it was superseded by the County Hall in Cork city, which was itself superseded by The Elysian in Cork. Liberty Hall is now the sixth tallest building in Dublin, after College Square, Capital Dock, the Exo Building, Montevetro (now Google Docks) and the Millennium Tower in Grand Canal Dock.

Liberty Hall is more historically significant in its earlier form, as the headquarters of the Irish Transport and General Workers Union early in the 20th century, and also as the headquarters of the Irish Citizen Army (ICA).

The Elysian
The Elysian is a mixed-use Celtic Tiger-era building at Eglinton Street in Cork, Ireland. Construction of the building was completed in early September 2008. When built it was the tallest building in the Republic of Ireland. It was overtaken by Capital Dock in the Dublin Docklands in 2018. It now stands as the third tallest building in the Republic of Ireland and tallest in Cork.
Kit Graham
Kit Graham (born 11 November 1995) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for Women's Super League 2 side Ipswich Town, on loan from Women's Super League club Tottenham Hotspur. She previously played for Charlton Athletic.

Tottenham Hotspur F.C. Women
Tottenham Hotspur Football Club Women, commonly referred to as Tottenham (/ˈtɒtənəm/) or Spurs, is an English women's football club affiliated with Tottenham Hotspur. The club currently compete in the Women's Super League (WSL), the top flight of women's football in England. The club gained promotion to the WSL after finishing second in the 2018–19 FA Women's Championship.

Tottenham Hotspur play its home games at Brisbane Road in Leyton, and occasionally at the Tottenham Hotspur Stadium. The club has been training full-time at Hotspur Way since 2020.

The club has won twelve titles, the most recent being the overall FA Women's Premier League in the 2016–17 season.
George McLeod (basketball)
George Lee McLeod (January 3, 1931 – January 15, 2023) was an American basketball player. A forward, he played in the National Basketball Association (NBA), and was drafted by the Milwaukee Hawks in the 1952 NBA draft. In 1953, he was traded along with Don Boven and Pete Darcey to the Baltimore Bullets for Stan Miasek and Dave Minor.

McLeod died on January 15, 2023, at the age of 92.

Don Boven
Donald Edwin Boven (March 6, 1925 – March 10, 2011) was an American basketball player, coach, and university instructor. He was a World War II veteran who was a standout athlete at Western Michigan University. After playing professional basketball, he served as an instructor at the university for more than 30 years. In the 1980s, Boven retired from his teaching duties but remained active in sporting circles and became involved in public service in his Michigan township.
Stacey Hairston
Stacey Hairston (born August 16, 1967) is an American former gridiron football coach and player. He was most recently the defensive coordinator at Urbana University in Urbana, Ohio, in 2017.  Hairston was head football coach at Wilmington College in Wilmington, Ohio from 2013 until 2016.  He served as the interim head coach at Ohio Northern University for one season, in 2003.

Wilmington, Ohio
Wilmington is a city in Clinton County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. The population was 12,664 at the 2020 census. It is the principal city of the Wilmington micropolitan area, which includes all of Clinton County and is part of the greater Cincinnati–Wilmington–Maysville combined statistical area.

Home to Wilmington College, founded in 1870 by the Society of Friends, the city and the surrounding area include more than one dozen Quaker meeting houses. The city features a weather forecast office of the National Weather Service, which serves all of Southwestern Ohio and portions of Kentucky and Indiana.
Chhandar railway station
Chhandar railway station is a railway station of Bankura–Masagram line under the Adra railway division of South Eastern Railway zone. It is situated at Rampur, Godardihi, Chhandar in Bankura district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Bankura–Masagram line
The Bankura–Masagram line is an electrified broad-gauge rail line connecting Bankura town and Masagram. The 120.3-kilometre-long (74.8 mi) railway line operates in Bankura and Purba Bardhaman districts in the Indian state of West Bengal. It falls under Adra railway division  of South Eastern Railway Zone of Indian Railways.
Erik Batte
Erik Batte Herrera (born 10 December 1974) is a retired Cuban hurdler.

He finished seventh at the 1995 World Championships, eighth at the 1996 Summer Olympics and third at the 1998 Central American and Caribbean Games.

His personal best time was 13.26 seconds, achieved in the semi-final at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta. The result places him sixth (joint with Yuniel Hernández) among Cuban 110 m hurdlers, behind Anier García, Dayron Robles, Emilio Valle, Alejandro Casañas and Yoel Hernández.

Alejandro Casañas
Alejandro Francisco Casañas Ramírez (born January 29, 1954) is a former Cuban hurdler.

At the 1977 Summer Universiade in Sofia he set a new world record in the 110 m hurdles with a time 13.21 seconds. This record would, however, only stand for two years. He could never fully copy the world-leading performance at the Olympic Games, where he won silver medals in 1976 and 1980.

His Cuban record time has later been improved by Anier García, Dayron Robles and Emilio Valle.
His Official Fiancée
His Official Fiancée is a lost 1919 American silent comedy film directed by Robert G. Vignola and written by Edith M. Kennedy and Berta Ruck. The film stars Vivian Martin, Forrest Stanley, Vera Sisson, Hugh Huntley, Mollie McConnell, Kathryn Sohn and Tom Ricketts. The film was released on October 16, 1919, by Paramount Pictures.

Tom Ricketts
Thomas B. Ricketts (15 January 1853 – 19 January 1939) was an English-born American stage and film actor and director who was a pioneer in the film industry. He portrayed Ebenezer Scrooge in the first American film adaptation of A Christmas Carol (1908), and directed one of the first motion pictures ever made in Hollywood. After directing scores of silent films, including the first film to be released by Universal Pictures, Ricketts became a prominent character actor.
Warfield-Dye Residence
Warfield-Dye Residence, also known as "Wayside," or "Warfield House," is a historic home located at Elkins, Randolph County, West Virginia, United States.  It was built in 1900–1901, and is a large 2+1⁄2-story brick-and-wood-shingle dwelling in the Queen Anne style.  It is topped by a hipped roof with dormers and two-story bay. It features a large wraparound porch with wooden rail, Tuscan order column supports, and a balustrade along the roof edge.  The house was built by Harry R. Warfield, son-in-law of Senator Henry G. Davis across from "Graceland".

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1997.

Graceland (Elkins, West Virginia)
Graceland is a historic house on the campus of Davis & Elkins College in Elkins, West Virginia.  It was the summer home of Henry Gassaway Davis, a United States senator from 1871–1883, and a major force in West Virginia's coal industry in the late 19th century.  The mansion was completed in 1893.  It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is part of the National Historic Landmark Davis and Elkins Historic District.  It is now the centerpiece of an inn, restaurant, and conference center.
Gil Vainshtein
Gil Vainshtein (born 29 October 1984 in Ukraine) is a Canadian association football player who plays as a midfielder for the Italia Shooters of the Canadian Soccer League. In university he played for Alderson-Broaddus College, with whom he was named to the 2005 NSCAA/Adidas NCAA Division II All-Appalachian Region second team, and named 2005 First Team All-West Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (WVIAC). Professionally, he has played for the North York Astros and the Italia Shooters. Vainshtein played for and was team captain of the Canadian football squad that competed at the 2009 Maccabiah Games in Israel, and won a bronze medal, and also played for Team Canada in the 2013 Maccabiah Games, winning a second bronze medal.

West Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Conference
The West Virginia Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (WVIAC) was a collegiate athletic conference which historically operated in the state of West Virginia (with one Kentucky member in its early years and two Pennsylvania schools during its final years).

At its inception, the conference was affiliated with the National Association of Intercollegiate Athletics (NAIA).  In 1995 it moved up to the Division II ranks of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA).

in June 2012 the football-playing members of the conference announced that they planned to withdraw to form a new conference at the end of the 2012–13 season.  This led to all but one of the WVIAC's members leaving.  The conference held its final athletic competitions in spring 2013 and was officially disbanded on September 1 of that year.
Axillary lymph nodes
The axillary lymph nodes or armpit lymph nodes are lymph nodes in the human armpit.  Between 20 and 49 in number, they drain lymph vessels from the lateral quadrants of the breast, the superficial lymph vessels from thin walls of the chest and the abdomen above the level of the navel, and the vessels from the upper limb. They are divided in several groups according to their location in the armpit. These lymph nodes are clinically significant in breast cancer, and metastases from the breast to the axillary lymph nodes are considered in the staging of the disease.

Cancer staging
Cancer staging is the process of determining the extent to which a cancer has  grown and spread. A number from I to IV is assigned, with I being an isolated cancer and IV being a cancer that has metastasized and spread from its origin. The stage generally takes into account the size of a tumor, whether it has invaded adjacent organs, how many regional (nearby) lymph nodes it has spread to (if any), and whether it has appeared in more distant locations (metastasized).
Slug test
In hydrogeology, a slug test is a particular type of aquifer test where water is quickly added or removed from a groundwater well, and the change in hydraulic head is monitored through time, to determine the near-well aquifer characteristics. It is a method used by hydrogeologists and civil engineers to determine the transmissivity/hydraulic conductivity and storativity of the material the well is completed in.

Specific storage
In the field of hydrogeology, storage properties are physical properties that characterize the capacity of an aquifer to release groundwater. These properties are storativity (S), specific storage (Ss) and specific yield (Sy). According to Groundwater, by Freeze and Cherry (1979), specific storage,  [m−1], of a saturated aquifer is defined as the volume of water that a unit volume of the aquifer releases from storage under a unit decline in hydraulic head.

They are often determined using some combination of field tests (e.g., aquifer tests) and laboratory tests on aquifer material samples. Recently, these properties have been also determined using remote sensing data derived from Interferometric synthetic-aperture radar.
Nimon
Nimon can refer to:

Katie Nimon (born 1989 or 1990), a New Zealand politician

Nimon Lokaj (born 1941), an Albanian painter

Nimons, a fictional species of aliens in Doctor Who
The Horns of Nimon (running 1979 – 1980), a serial in Doctor Who, featuring this alien species

The Horns of Nimon
The Horns of Nimon is the fifth and final broadcast serial of the 17th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts on BBC1 from 22 December 1979 to 12 January 1980. It is the last broadcast of David Brierley's voice as K9 (as John Leeson returned in the next season).

The serial is set on the planets Skonnos and Crinoth. In the serial, minotaur-like aliens called the Nimons plot to invade Skonnos by creating a tunnel in time and space linked between two artificial black holes.