hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nicholas Sarwark
Nicholas Joel Sarwark (born August 27, 1979) is an American attorney and businessman who served as the 19th chair of the Libertarian National Committee (LNC), the governing body of the Libertarian Party. Prior to his election in 2014, he served on several LP national committees and as chair of the Libertarian Party of Maryland State Committee and vice chair of the Libertarian Party of Colorado State Committee. As of 2020, he is the only LP chair to have served three consecutive terms.

Sarwark declined to run for another term as LNC chair in 2020, and was succeeded by Joe Bishop-Henchman.

Libertarian Party of Colorado
The Libertarian Party of Colorado (LPCO) is the Colorado affiliate of the national Libertarian Party (LP). As of April 2023, elected Libertarians in Colorado include Keenesburg mayor Aron Lam and Craig city councilman Paul James.
Commercial Advertisement Loudness Mitigation Act
The Commercial Advertisement Loudness Mitigation Act (H.R. 1084/S. 2847) (CALM Act) requires the U.S. Federal Communications Commission to bar the audio of TV commercials from being broadcast louder than the TV program material they accompany by requiring all "multichannel video programming" distributors to implement the "Techniques for Establishing and Maintaining Audio Loudness for Digital Television" issued by the international industry group Advanced Television Systems Committee. The final bill was passed on September 29, 2010.

No specific penalties are given; those are to be set by the FCC in its regulations. A TV broadcaster or distributor is "in compliance" if it installs and uses suitable equipment and software. Unlike some FCC regulations, cable system operators are subject to the rule in addition to broadcast stations.

After issuing regulations, the FCC began enforcing those regulations on December 13, 2012, after a one-year grace period.

Advanced Television Systems Committee
The Advanced Television Systems Committee (ATSC) is an international nonprofit organization developing technical standards for digital terrestrial television and data broadcasting. ATSC's 120-plus member organizations represent the broadcast, broadcast equipment, motion picture, consumer electronics, computer, cable, satellite and semiconductor industries.

ATSC was initially formed in 1982 to develop a first-generation digital television standard that could replace existing analog transmission systems. The new digital system became known as "ATSC 1.0."  ATSC 1.0 is in use in the United States, Canada, Mexico, South Korea and Honduras, and also in the Dominican Republic.

ATSC then developed a next-generation digital television standard known as "ATSC 3.0." ATSC 3.0 was commercially deployed in South Korea in May 2017  and was approved for voluntary use in the United States in November 2017.
Thadwe
Thadwe or  Tadwe is a village in Ann Township, Kyaukpyu District, in the Rakhine State of southwestern Burma. It is located 40 kilometres (25 mi) by road south of  Ann and 17 kilometres (11 mi) south of Sakanmaw.

Ann, Myanmar
Ann (Burmese: အမ်းမြို့) is a town in Rakhine State, Myanmar (Burma). It has a population of 119,714 and is served by Ann Airport. It hosts the general headquarters of the Myanmar Army's Western Command.
Warren Snowdon
Warren Edward Snowdon (born 20 March 1950) is an Australian former politician who served as a member of the House of Representatives from July 1987 to March 1996, and again from October 1998 until May 2022. He initially represented the Division of Northern Territory, and later the Division of Lingiari. His electorate encompassed all the residents of the Northern Territory located outside Darwin, as well as Christmas Island and the Cocos (Keeling) Islands in the Indian Ocean. He was the last sitting MP who was first elected in the 1980s, and the last who served in Old Parliament House.

Snowdon was the Minister for Defence Science and Personnel, Minister for Veterans' Affairs, Minister for Indigenous Health, and Minister Assisting the Prime Minister on the Centenary of ANZAC in the second Rudd ministry. Snowdon is a member of the left faction of the Labor Party.

Snowdon did not contest the 2022 federal election and retired from politics.

Second Rudd ministry
The second Rudd ministry (Labor) was the 67th ministry of the Australian government, led by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd. It succeeded the second Gillard ministry after a leadership spill within the Australian Labor Party that took place on 26 June 2013. Three members of the ministry were sworn in by Governor-General Quentin Bryce on 27 June 2013.  These were Kevin Rudd, Prime Minister; Anthony Albanese, Deputy Prime Minister; and Chris Bowen, Treasurer. The remainder of the ministry were sworn in on 1 July 2013.

The Labor Party lost the general election held on 7 September 2013, paving the way for Coalition leader Tony Abbott. The ministry concluded on 18 September 2013 when the Abbott ministry was sworn in.
Elma Pazar
Elmaziye Pazar (born 7 July 1992) is an English television personality. After appearing on the fifth series of Love Island in 2019, she became a regular cast member on the ITVBe reality series The Only Way Is Essex in 2022. In 2025, she appeared on the second series of Love Island: All Stars.

Love Island: All Stars series 2
The second series of Love Island: All Stars, a spin-off of the reality series Love Island, began broadcasting on ITV2 on 13 January 2025. It features former contestants from previous series. Maya Jama returned to present the series, with Iain Stirling returning as narrator. The series ended after 36 days on 17 February 2025. It was won by Casey O'Gorman and Gabby Allen, who were previously contestants on the ninth and third series respectively.
2020 Lekki shooting
On the night of 20 October 2020, at about 6:50 p.m., members of the Nigerian Army opened fire on unarmed End SARS protesters at the Lekki toll gate (Admiralty Circle Plaza) in Lagos State, Nigeria. Amnesty International stated that at least 12 protesters were killed during the shooting. A day after the incident, on 21 October, the governor of Lagos State, Babajide Sanwo-olu, denied reports of any loss of lives, but later admitted in an interview with a CNN journalist that "only two persons were killed".

The Nigerian Army initially denied involvement in the shooting, but later stated that it had deployed soldiers to the toll gate on the orders of the governor of Lagos State. A month after the shooting, following a CNN documentary on the shooting, the Nigerian Army admitted to the Lagos Judiciary panel of inquiry into the shooting that it had deployed its personnel to the toll gate with both live and blank bullets.

Nigerian Army
The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land force of the Nigerian Armed Forces. It is the largest component of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The President of Nigeria is the Commander-in-Chief of the Nigerian Army, and its professional head is the Chief of Army Staff, who is the highest ranking military officer of the Nigerian Army.  It is governed by the Nigerian Army Council (NAC). The Nigerian Army is operationally and geographically divided into ten divisions, the basic field formation. The army has been involved in operations throughout the country, most especially during the Nigerian Civil War, and has undertaken major operations abroad. Nigerian Army officers have served as chiefs of defence in other countries, with Brigadier General Maxwell Khobe serving as Sierra Leone chief of staff in 1998–1999, and Nigerian officers acting as Command Officer-in-Charge of the Armed Forces of Liberia from at least 2007.
George Earth
George Earth (born July 3, 1966) is an American musician, guitarist, songwriter, composer, music producer, comic book artist, and talk show host from Echo Park, California.  He is perhaps best known as the lead guitarist for both World Entertainment War and Switchblade Symphony, later touring and recording with Angel Corpus Christi, Stolen Babies, and other bands before forming Los Angeles-based Small Halo in 2008.  He publishes a semi-regular comic book series and hosts a regular talk show, The Talk Show, in which he also leads The Talk Show Band.

Echo Park
Echo Park is a neighborhood in the central region of Los Angeles, California. Located to the northwest of Downtown, it is bordered by Silver Lake to the west and Chinatown to the east. The culturally diverse neighborhood has become known for its trendy local businesses, as well as its popularity with artists, musicians and creatives. The neighborhood is centered on the eponymous Echo Park Lake.
Wide Right (Buffalo Bills)
Wide Right, a.k.a. 47 Wide Right, was Scott Norwood's missed 47-yard field goal attempt for the Buffalo Bills at the end of Super Bowl XXV on January 27, 1991, as described by sportscaster Al Michaels. The missed field goal resulted in the game being won by the New York Giants.  The phrase "wide right" has since become synonymous with the game itself, and has since been used in other sports. This game is also called The Miss by some Bills fans.

Al Michaels
Alan Richard Michaels (born November 12, 1944) is an American television play-by-play sportscaster for Thursday Night Football on Amazon Prime Video and in an emeritus role for NBC Sports. He has worked on network sports television since 1971, with his most recent work being with NBC Sports after nearly three decades (1976–2006) with ABC Sports. Michaels is known for his many years calling play-by-play of National Football League (NFL) games, including ABC Monday Night Football from 1986 to 2005 and NBC Sunday Night Football from 2006 to 2021. He is also known for famous calls in other sports, including the Miracle on Ice at the 1980 Winter Olympics and the earthquake-interrupted Game 3 of the 1989 World Series, which was played in San Francisco.
Edwardiella
Edwardiella is a fungal genus in the family Lichinellaceae. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Edwardiella mirabilis. Aino Henssen named the genus after the Prince Edward Islands, the type locality of the type species.

In a 2024 multilocus molecular phylogenetics-informed re-classification of the Lichinomycetes, Edwardiella was placed in the newly erected family Lichinellaceae alongside Gonotichia, Lichinella and Synalissina. In that treatment the genus comprises E. mirabilis and is grouped with taxa characterised at family level by thallinocarpous ascomata and a Lichinella-type ascus.

Synalissina
Synalissina is a genus of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) cyanolichens (lichens with cyanobacteria as the photosynthetic partner) placed in the family Lichinellaceae. These tiny lichens form blackish, variable growths, ranging from small leaf-like patches to dwarf cushions, on calcareous and mineral-rich rocks in exposed to partially shaded locations. The genus was originally described by William Nylander in 1886 but fell into disuse until it was resurrected in 2024 following DNA studies that reorganised cyanolichen classification. It comprises nine species distributed across boreal to warm-temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere.
Romualdo Pacheco
José Antonio Romualdo Pacheco (October 31, 1831 – January 23, 1899) was a Californio statesman and diplomat. He is best known as the only Hispanic person to serve as governor of California since the American Conquest of California, and as the first Latino to represent a state in the U.S. Congress. A Republican, Pacheco was elected and appointed to various state, federal, and diplomatic offices throughout his more than thirty-year career, including serving as a California State Treasurer, California State Senator, and three terms in the U.S. House of Representatives. He was elected California Lieutenant Governor in 1871, then became governor when elected governor Newton Booth ran successfully for election to the U.S. Senate in 1875. Pacheco served the remainder of Booth's term as governor, becoming the 12th governor of California, but did not run for election to that office. Pacheco was the first U.S. governor of California to be born in California.

Conquest of California
The Conquest of California, also known as the Conquest of Alta California or the California Campaign, was a military campaign during the Mexican–American War carried out by the United States in Alta California (modern-day California), then part of Mexico, lasting from 1846 to 1847, and ending with signing of the Treaty of Cahuenga by military leaders from both the Californios and Americans.
1881 U.S. National Championships (tennis)
The inaugural U.S. National Championship (now known as the US Open) was a tennis tournament that took place in August 1881 at the Newport Casino, Newport, Rhode Island. For the first and only time, only clubs that were members of the United States National Lawn Tennis Association were permitted to enter the tournament. A Men's Singles competition and a Men's Doubles competition were played, and Richard Sears became the first men's singles U.S. National Tennis Champion.

Richard Sears (tennis)
Richard Dudley Sears (October 26, 1861 – April 8, 1943) was an American tennis player, who won the US National Championships singles in its first seven years, from 1881 to 1887, and the doubles for six years from 1882 to 1887, after which he retired from tennis.
Johanne Deschamps
Johanne Deschamps (born April 2, 1959 in Saint-Jovite, Quebec) is a Canadian politician.

She is a former administrative assistant and political attaché. She served as a councillor in Val-Barrette, Quebec from 1994 to 2004 and was Commissioner of the Pierre-Neveu School Board in Mont-Laurier, Quebec from 1998 to 2004. After that, she was elected as a Bloc Québécois member of the House of Commons of Canada in the 2004 Canadian federal election. She represents the riding of Laurentides—Labelle. She had also run in the 2000 Canadian federal election for the Bloc in the riding of Pontiac—Gatineau—Labelle but lost. She was re-elected in 2006 and 2008, but lost to NDP candidate Marc-André Morin in the 2011 election.

Marc-André Morin
Marc-André Morin (born March 13, 1951) is a Canadian politician, who was elected to the House of Commons of Canada in the 2011 election. He represented the electoral district of Laurentides—Labelle as a member of the New Democratic Party.

Prior to being elected, Morin was an environmentalist and journalist. He has previously worked in forestry and construction in the Yukon. On March 1, 2015, he lost the NDP nomination for the next general election to local doctor Simon-Pierre Landry.
Ndamba people
The Ndamba are an ethnic and linguistic group based in south-central Tanzania whose population was 500,000 in 2022. They are found in everywhere in Tanzania especially south central, the Kilolo District of Iringa Region, northeast of Bena, southeast of Hehe, west of Pogolo and southwest of Mbunga.

Bena people
The Bena or Wabena are a Bantu ethnolinguistic group based in the Njombe Region of south-central Tanzania who speak the Bantu Bena language. In 2001, the Bena population was estimated to number 670,000.

Groups include the Bena of Njombe highlands and their offshoot, the Bena of Ulanga.
Monopoly (2000 video game)
Monopoly is a 1999 computer game based on the board game Monopoly, released for Microsoft Windows and Macintosh. Developed by Artech Studios, it was published by Hasbro Interactive, Inc. for Windows and MacSoft for the Mac. This title was one of many inspired by the property-dealing board game. It uses the same box art as a 1998 reissue of the 1995 Monopoly PC game. This game proved to be popular and was re-released as Monopoly New Edition (also known as Monopoly 3) on September 30, 2002, published by Infogrames. The only major difference between this game and its re-release was the absence of the board editor in Monopoly 3.

Monopoly (1995 video game)
Monopoly (also known as Monopoly CD-ROM to distinguish it from other similarly titled games) is a 1995 video game based on the board game Monopoly. It was developed by Westwood Studios, published by Hasbro Electronic Entertainment and distributed by Virgin Interactive Entertainment. This title was one of many inspired by the Monopoly property. It was later reissued in 1998 with different box art. The game included an original soundtrack composed by Frank Klepacki.
Tornike Cheishvili
Tornike Cheishvili (Georgian: თორნიკე ჭეიშვილი) is a Georgian politician and lawyer. He has served as a Member of the Parliament of Georgia since the 2024 election and holds the position of First Deputy Chair of the Legal Issues Committee. Concurrently, he serves as one of the Deputy Ministers in the Ministry of Justice of Georgia.

Ministry of Justice of Georgia
The Ministry of Justice of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს იუსტიციის სამინისტრო, sakartvelos iustitsiis saministro) is a governmental agency within the Cabinet of Georgia in charge of regulating activities in the justice system, overseeing the public prosecutor, maintaining the legal system and public order, protection of the public and instituting law reforms in Georgia. The ministry is headed by Paata Salia.
Chaetoderma
Chaetoderma can refer to:

Chaetoderma (fish), a synonym for Chaetodermis, see Chaetodermis penicilligerus

Chaetoderma (fungus), a genus of Agaricomycetes fungi

Chaetoderma (mollusc), a genus of caudofoveate molluscs

Chaetodermis
Chaetodermis penicilligerus, also known as the prickly leather-jacket, tasselled leather-jacket or leafy filefish, is a  demersal marine fish belonging to the family Monacanthidae. This fish is in the monotypic genus Chaetodermis. It occasionally makes its way into the marine aquarium fish trade.
Alberto Marvelli
Alberto Marvelli (21 March 1918 – 5 October 1946) was an Italian Catholic and a member of the Catholic Action movement. He became noted for his defense of the poor and for selflessness during World War II in tending to the homeless and wounded despite the devastating air raids while placing himself at risk in doing so. Marvelli also saved numerous people from deportation since he would free them from sealed train carriages before the train could set off. Marvelli was also an active champion for social justice and was known for giving his possessions to the poor and homeless, especially during the harsh winter periods. He served as a town councilor for some time after the war and helped in restoration efforts though he died in an accident before election as a Christian Democrat candidate.

Marvelli's reputation for holiness and his faith led to the cause for his beatification being introduced, and Pope John Paul II beatified Marvelli in 2004 in Loreto.

Loreto, Marche
Loreto (/ləˈrɛtoʊ/ lə-RET-oh, US also /ləˈreɪtoʊ/ lə-RAY-toh, Italian: [loˈreːto]) is a hill town and comune of the Italian province of Ancona, in the Marche region. It is most commonly known as the seat of the Basilica della Santa Casa, a popular Catholic pilgrimage site.
Gayest Ball Ever
"Gayest Ball Ever" is the eleventh episode of the ninth season of the American television series RuPaul's Drag Race. It originally aired on June 2, 2017, and was followed by an episode of the companion series RuPaul's Drag Race: Untucked. The main challenge tasks contestants with presenting three looks for The Gayest Ball Ever, a fashion show based on queer culture. Andie MacDowell and Joan Smalls are guest judges. Sasha Velour wins the episode's mini-challenge and Shea Couleé wins the main challenge. Alexis Michelle is eliminated from the competition, after placing in the bottom two and losing a lip-sync contest against Peppermint to "Macho Man" by Village People.

Alexis Michelle
Alexander J. Michaels (born October 16, 1983), stage name Alexis Michelle, is an American drag queen and singer who came to international attention on the ninth season of RuPaul's Drag Race. As of 2019, she stars in the TLC transformational makeover television series Dragnificent as the makeup and body image expert. She released her debut album, Lovefool, in 2018.
Frans Verbeeck
Frans Verbeeck or Frans Verbeeck the Elder (c. 1510 – 24 July 1570, Mechelen) was a Flemish painter and draughtsman to whom have been attributed a number of works depicting fantastical and grotesque scenes carrying a moralizing intent.  He was a member of an important family of artists operating a large workshop with various branches in Mechelen. As it is not always possible to attribute a particular artwork to one or the other family member due to compositional, stylistic, and iconographic similarities, it has been suggested that the works should be attributed to the 'Verbeeck group'.  The works were typically executed in tempera or watercolor on linen.

Tempera
Tempera (Italian: [ˈtɛmpera]) is a permanent, fast-drying painting medium consisting of pigments mixed with a water-soluble binder medium, usually glutinous material such as egg yolk. There are several types of tempera paint, but the one containing egg yolk is called egg tempera. Tempera paint made from the milk protein is Casein paint. If the binder is synthetic PVA, the result is polyvinyl acetate tempera. A distemper paint consisting of pigment and binders such as cornstarch, gum arabic and other gums is called poster paint in certain parts of the world, and it is also often confusingly referred to as "tempera paint", although the binders in this paint are different from traditional egg tempera paints and the visual effect is more like gouache.

The term Tempera also refers to the paintings done in any kind of these tempera mediums.
Artiodus
Artiodus is an extinct genus of cartilaginous fish from the Permian period. The name comes from the type locality, the Arti River, combined with the Greek word for "tooth." It is currently monotypic, containing only the species Artiodus prominens from the Early Permian of the Middle Urals of Russia. As with many Paleozoic chondrichthyian genera, its affinities are unclear at this time.

Chondrichthyes
Chondrichthyes (/kɒnˈdrɪkθiiːz/; from Ancient Greek  χόνδρος (khóndros) 'cartilage' and  ἰχθύς (ikhthús) 'fish') is a class of jawed fish that contains the cartilaginous fish or chondrichthyans, which all have skeletons primarily composed of cartilage. They can be contrasted with the Osteichthyes or bony fish, which have skeletons primarily composed of bone tissue. Chondrichthyes are aquatic vertebrates with paired fins, paired nares, placoid scales, conus arteriosus in the heart, and a lack of opercula and swim bladders. Within the infraphylum Gnathostomata, cartilaginous fishes are distinct from all other jawed vertebrates.

The class is divided into two subclasses: Elasmobranchii (sharks, rays, skates and sawfish) and Holocephali (chimaeras, sometimes called ghost sharks, which are sometimes separated into their own class).  Extant chondrichthyans range in size from the 10 cm (3.9 in) finless sleeper ray to the over 10 m (33 ft) whale shark.
Pedrero metro station
Pedrero is an elevated metro station on the Line 5 of the Santiago Metro, in Santiago, Chile. It is located close to the Estadio Monumental David Arellano. The station was opened on 5 April 1997 as part of the inaugural section of the line, from Baquedano to Bellavista de La Florida.

The station was upgraded in 2012, a work which included the lengthening of platforms and the installation of a tensile membrane roof.

Baquedano metro station
Baquedano is a transfer station between the Line 1 and Line 5 of the Santiago Metro. It is located close to the eastern terminus of the Avenida Libertador General Bernardo O'Higgins. The station was initially a single-line station on the Line 1, later was enlarged since the Line 5's opening date. there are plans for the future line 7 to intersect with this station.

The Line 1 station was opened on 31 March 1977 as part of the extension of the line from La Moneda to Salvador. The Line 5 station was opened on 5 April 1997 as the northern terminus of the inaugural section of the line, from Baquedano to Bellavista de La Florida. On 3 March 2000, the line was extended to Santa Ana.