hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Tyldesley FC
Tyldesley was a rugby league club in Tyldesley, Lancashire, England.

The club took part in the meeting at the George Hotel, Huddersfield in 1895 and, after the schism, became founder members of the Northern Rugby Football Union (now Rugby Football League), playing for five seasons from 1895–96 to 1899–1900

1895–96 Northern Rugby Football Union season
The 1895–96 Northern Rugby Football Union season was the first ever season of semi-professional rugby football, which formed the foundation of the modern-day sport of rugby league. Twenty-two Northern English teams from both sides of the Pennines broke away from the Rugby Football Union to create and compete in their own competition.

The inaugural Championship ran from September 1895 until April 1896. The Northern Union's first season would prove so popular that the following season saw the addition of several more clubs, and the tournament was split into two separate county competitions.
Mighty Igor
Richard Joseph "Dick" Garza (July 16, 1931 – January 7, 2002), better known as Mighty Igor Vodik, or simply Mighty Igor, was an American professional wrestler. He is a one-time American Wrestling Association World champion. As Mighty Igor, he was frequently billed as the "World's Strongest Wrestler".

American Wrestling Association
The American Wrestling Association (AWA) was an American professional wrestling promotion based in Minneapolis, Minnesota that ran from 1960 until 1991. It was founded by Verne Gagne and Wally Karbo. The promotion was born out of the Minneapolis Boxing & Wrestling Club, originally founded in 1933, which served as the Minnesota-based territory of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) from 1948 onward, before breaking away from the NWA and becoming an independent territory in 1960.
Genieve Blackwell
Genieve Mary Blackwell (born 1962) is an Australian Anglican bishop who has served as an assistant bishop in the Diocese of Melbourne since June 2015, and previously served as an assistant bishop in the Diocese of Canberra and Goulburn from 2012 to 2015. She was the first woman to be consecrated as a bishop in the state of New South Wales and the third in Australia.

Anglican Diocese of Melbourne
The Anglican Diocese of Melbourne is the metropolitan diocese of the Province of Victoria in the Anglican Church of Australia. The diocese was founded from the Diocese of Australia by letters patent of 25 June 1847 and includes the cities of Melbourne and Geelong and also some more rural areas. The cathedral church is St Paul's Cathedral, Melbourne.

The incumbent archbishop of the diocese is Ric Thorpe, who was elected on 24 May 2025 and installed on 30 November 2025. He was translated from the Diocese of London, where he was the suffragan Bishop of Islington.
Evelyn Leland
Evelyn Frances Leland (1867–1931) was an American astronomer and member of "Harvard Computers," a group of female astronomers who worked at the Harvard College Observatory under Director Edward Pickering. She worked for 36 years (1889–1925) as his assistant, and represented his team. Leland and her colleagues performed an analysis of photographic plates taken in Cambridge and Arequipa, Peru. She was involved in computing stellar spectra and discovering variable stars. She also worked with other members from the observatory to publish the paper.

Edward Charles Pickering
Edward Charles Pickering (July 19, 1846 – February 3, 1919) was an American astronomer and physicist and the older brother of William Henry Pickering. Along with Carl Vogel, Pickering discovered the first spectroscopic binary stars. He wrote Elements of Physical Manipulations (2 vol., 1873–76).
Gladstone Memorial, London
The Gladstone Memorial on the Strand, London is a bronze sculpture of the British statesman, created by Hamo Thornycroft between 1899-1905. The statue was erected as the national memorial to Gladstone and shows him in the robes of the Chancellor of the Exchequer. The figure stands on a plinth surrounded by allegorical figures depicting four of the Virtues, Courage, Brotherhood, Education and Aspiration. The memorial is a Grade II listed structure.

Cardinal virtues
The cardinal virtues are four virtues of mind and character in classical philosophy. They are prudence, justice, fortitude, and temperance. They form a virtue theory of ethics. The term cardinal comes from the Latin cardo (hinge); these four virtues are called "cardinal" because all other virtues fall under them and hinge upon them.

These virtues derive initially from Plato in Republic Book IV, 426-435. Aristotle expounded them systematically in the Nicomachean Ethics. They were also recognized by the Stoics and Cicero expanded on them. In the Christian tradition, they are also listed in the Deuterocanonical books in Wisdom 8:7 and 4 Maccabees 1:18–19, and the Doctors Ambrose, Augustine, and Aquinas expounded their supernatural counterparts, the three theological virtues of faith, hope, and charity.
Shafi Ullah
Shafi Ullah is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa from August 2018 till January 2023. He was Special Assistant to the Chief Minister on Prisons Khyber Pakhtunkhwa.

Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
The Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which is located in Peshawar, the provincial capital. It was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 145 seats, with 115 general seats, 26 seats reserved for women and 4 reserved for non-Muslims.
Karyn Maughan
Karyn Maughan (born 1978 or 1979) is a South African legal journalist. She has worked for News24 since November 2020 and formerly worked in broadcast journalism for eNCA. She rose to national prominence for her reporting during the corruption trial of former President Jacob Zuma, as well as for Zuma's subsequent attempt to bring related criminal charges against her in private prosecution.

Private prosecution
A private prosecution is a criminal proceeding initiated by an individual private citizen or private organisation (such as a prosecution association) instead of by a public prosecutor who represents the state. Private prosecutions are allowed in many jurisdictions under common law, but have become less frequent in modern times as most prosecutions are now handled by professional public prosecutors instead of private individuals who retain (or are themselves) barristers.
Clan MacAlister
Clan MacAlister is a Scottish Clan. The clan is the earliest branch to have split off from Clan Donald, claiming descent from Alasdair Mòr, son of Domhnall founder of Clan Donald. From Alasdair Mòr the clans takes its surname MacAlister; this surname is an Anglicisation of the Gaelic MacAlasdair meaning "son of Alasdair". In the 15th century the chief of the clan was seated in Kintyre, and the clan was centred there until the 18th century, when a chief sold the family estate in preference to an estate in the Scottish Lowlands.

Scottish Lowlands
The Lowlands (Scots: Lallans or Lawlands, pronounced [ˈlɑːlən(d)z, ˈlo̜ːl-]; Scottish Gaelic: a' Ghalldachd, lit. 'place of the foreigners', pronounced [ə ˈɣauɫ̪t̪əxk]) is a cultural and historical region of Scotland.

The region is characterised by its relatively flat or gently rolling terrain as opposed to the mountainous landscapes of the Scottish Highlands. This area includes cities like Edinburgh and Glasgow and is known for its fertile farmland, historic sites, and urban centres. It is the more populous and industrialised part of Scotland compared to the sparsely populated Highlands.

Culturally, the Lowlands and the Highlands diverged from the Late Middle Ages into the modern period, when Lowland Scots replaced Scottish Gaelic throughout most of the Lowlands.
Frederick C. Winkler
Frederick Carl Winkler (March 15, 1838 – March 22, 1921) was a German American immigrant, lawyer, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing the city of Milwaukee's west side during the 1872 session. He also served as a Union Army officer in the American Civil War and received an honorary brevet to brigadier general.

25th Wisconsin Legislature
The Twenty-Fifth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 10, 1872, to March 26, 1872, in regular session.

This was the first legislative session after the redistricting of the Senate and Assembly according to an act of the previous session.

Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 7, 1871. Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 8, 1870.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Cadwallader C. Washburn, of La Crosse County, serving the first year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1871 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Chris Clarkson
Christopher Clarkson (born 7 April 1990) is an English professional rugby league footballer who last played in the second-row forward for the York Knights in the Championship. He is an England Knights international.

He has previously played for Hull Kingston Rovers and the Leeds Rhinos in the Super League, spending a season on loan from Leeds at the Widnes Vikings in 2015.

England Knights
England Knights is the feeder team for the England national rugby league team. The Knights play a key role in the development of emerging talent, allowing players to gain experience in an international environment and to compete for a place in the England first team.
Vinzaglio (Turin Metro)
Vinzaglio is a Turin Metro station, located near the intersection between Corso Vinzaglio, Corso Vittorio Emanuele II and Corso Duca degli Abruzzi. It was part of the Line 1 extension from XVIII Dicembre to Porta Nuova opened on 5 October 2007.

The platforms feature decals by Ugo Nespolo, depicting historic moments of the Risorgimento, such as the Battle of Vinzaglio (1859).

Porta Nuova (Turin Metro)
Porta Nuova is a Turin Metro station, located inside Porta Nuova railway station, near Piazza Carlo Felice. It was part of the Line 1 extension from XVIII Dicembre to Porta Nuova opened on 5 October 2007. On 6 March 2011 the line was extended to Lingotto.
Bill Ramsay
William George "Rams" Ramsay (January 12, 1929 – March 2, 2024) was an American jazz saxophonist and band leader based in Seattle. In 1997, he was inducted into the Seattle Jazz Hall of Fame, the top of eight Golden Ear Award categories presented annually since 1990 by the Earshot Jazz Society of Seattle.  Ramsay performed on all the primary saxophones – soprano, alto, tenor, and baritone – as well as clarinet (his boyhood instrument), and bass clarinet. Ramsay died on March 2, 2024, at the age of 95.

Harry Edison
Harry "Sweets" Edison (October 10, 1915 – July 27, 1999) was an American jazz trumpeter and a member of the Count Basie Orchestra. His most important contribution was as  a Hollywood studio musician, whose muted trumpet can be heard backing singers, most notably Frank Sinatra.
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines at the 2012 Summer Olympics
During the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines appeared in their seventh consecutive Summer Olympics. The country sent three competitors to their team with wild card entries. Athlete Kineke Alexander reprised her role as the nation's flag bearer for the second time at the opening ceremony. As Alexander entered her second Olympics, athlete Courtney Carl Williams and swimmer Tolga Akcayli debuted at the 2012 Olympics. For Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, none of the country's competitors advanced past their individual heats. In overall standings, Akcayli had the highest 2012 Olympic finish for Saint Vincent and the Grenadines when he placed 45th in the men's 50 metre freestyle.

Courtney Carl Williams
Courtney Carl Williams (born 31 January 1991 in Kingstown, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines) is a Vincentian runner who competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in the 100 m event. He was flagbearer at the closing ceremony.
Blackmon v. State of Tennessee
Blackmon v. State of Tennessee is a court case heard by the Tennessee Twelfth Judicial District Court regarding medical exceptions to the state's abortion ban, specifically relating to pregnant persons with emergent health conditions. The lawsuit was filed by the  Center for Reproductive Rights on September 11, 2023, and a hearing was held April 4, 2024.

Center for Reproductive Rights
The Center for Reproductive Rights (CRR) is a global legal advocacy organization, headquartered in New York City, that seeks to advance reproductive rights, such as abortion. The organization's stated mission is to "use the law to advance reproductive freedom as a fundamental human right that all governments are legally obligated to protect, respect, and fulfill." Founded by Janet Benshoof in 1992, its original name was the Center for Reproductive Law and Policy.

CharityWatch rates the Center for Reproductive Rights "B+".
Operator Generator
Operator Generator was an American stoner rock band from San Jose, California. They were formed in the late 1990s and released their first self-titled EP in the winter of 1999 under 12th Records. Over a year later they released their debut album titled Polar Fleet under Man's Ruin Records.

Man's Ruin Records
Man's Ruin Records was an independent record label owned and founded by San Francisco Bay Area artist Frank Kozik. In total, the record label released over 200 singles and albums, with most of the artwork designed by Kozik.

After the 1995 release of Man's Ruin's first record, Experimental Audio Research (EAR): Delta 6, Kozik worked with artists whom he wanted to release. He also designed all of the sleeve-art for the releases. The catalog of Man's Ruin is vast, including relatively famous bands such as the Hellacopters, Nebula, Kyuss, High on Fire, Entombed, Turbonegro, 13eaver, Queens of the Stone Age, and the Sex Pistols; and also lesser known bands such as FuckEmos, Soulpreacher, Angel Rot, and the Cowslingers. The last record released was from Begotten. The label was officially closed by 2002. The label's slogan was "Empty Pleasures and Desperate Measures since 1994".
Wu Hen
Wu Hen is the second studio album by English musician Kamaal Williams, released on 24 July 2020 under his Black Focus label. It is considered to define Williams' own genre "Wu Funk", a blend of jazz, hip-hop, contemporary R&B and EDM. Other styles explored include funk, acid jazz, traditional jazz, breakbeat and house music.

The album was announced simultaneously with the premiere of "One More Time" in May 2020; and was followed by "Hold On" in June and "Mr. Wu" in July. The second of the three tracks features the singer Lauren Faith. Wu Hen received generally favourable reviews from music critics, some praising Williams' drift from the sounds of its predecessor, Black Focus (2016), that informed him in his career with Yussef Kamaal, while others said the album's ideas shifted too urgently. In the United Kingdom, it reached number 2 on the Jazz & Blues Albums Chart and number 15 on the Independent Albums Chart.

Breakbeat
Breakbeat is a broad type of electronic music that uses drum breaks, often sampled from early recordings of funk, jazz, and R&B. Breakbeats have been used in styles such as Florida breaks, hip-hop, jungle, drum and bass, big beat, breakbeat hardcore, and UK garage styles (including 2-step, breakstep and dubstep).
Franklin W. Ward
Franklin W. Ward (4 September 1870 – 17 March 1938) was a career officer in the United States Army. He served as Adjutant General of New York from 1926 to 1934 and attained the rank of major general. A longtime member of the Pennsylvania National Guard and New York National Guard, he was a veteran of the Spanish–American War, Mexican Border War, World War I, and Occupation of the Rhineland. His awards included the Army Distinguished Service Medal, Legion of Honor (Officer) (France), Croix de Guerre with palm (Belgium), Order of Polonia Restituta (Commander), Order of the Crown of Romania (Grand Officer), and New York State Conspicuous Service Medal.

Croix de guerre (Belgium)
The Croix de guerre (French) or Oorlogskruis (Dutch) is a military decoration of the Kingdom of Belgium established by royal decree on 25 October 1915.  It was primarily awarded for bravery or other military virtue on the battlefield.  The award was reestablished on 20 July 1940 by the Belgian government in exile for recognition of bravery and military virtue during World War II.  The post-1940 decoration could also be awarded to units that were cited. The decoration was again reestablished by royal decree on 3 April 1954 for award during future conflicts.
Jon Jones (director)
Jon Jones is a Welsh film and television writer and director working primarily in the United Kingdom and the United States. He has directed numerous dramas for British and American television including the award-winning When I'm Sixty-Four (Prix Europa - Best TV Film), The Diary of Anne Frank, Blood Strangers, The Alan Clark Diaries (Director's Guild of Great Britain Best Director), A Very Social Secretary (Broadcast Press Award - Best Film), Northanger Abbey, Zen, Mr Selfridge and Going Postal.

Most recent projects are Lawless for Sky, American Odyssey and Heroes Reborn for NBCUniversal, Legends for Fox21 and Hanna for Amazon Studios.

In 2019 the feature film Last Summer, directed and written by Jon Jones, won the BAFTA Cymru for best feature film.

Hanna (TV series)
Hanna is an American action drama television series, based on the 2011 film of the same name, for Amazon Prime Video. The series was created and written by David Farr and stars Esme Creed-Miles and Mireille Enos. The first episode was made available on Amazon Prime Video as a time-limited preview on February 3, 2019. The full eight-episode first season was released on March 29, 2019, and the second season was released on July 3, 2020. In July 2020, the series was renewed for a third and final season. It premiered on November 24, 2021.
Butroxydim
Butroxydim is a chemical used as a herbicide. It is a group A herbicide used to kill grass weeds in a range of broadacre crops. Structurally related herbicides against grasses are alloxydim, sethoxydim, clethodim, and cycloxydim.

Butroxydim's HRAC classification is Group A (Australia and global), or Group 1 (numeric). Group A herbicides inhibit acetyl CoA carboxylase, (ACCase).

Clethodim
Clethodim is an herbicide of the cyclohexanedione family.  It is used to control grasses, especially annual ryegrass (Lolium rigidum). Although impure samples appear yellowish, the compound is colorless.

Clethodim's HRAC classification is Group A (Australia and global) or Group 1 (numeric). Group A herbicides inhibit acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase).
American Indian Movement of Colorado
The American Indian Movement of Colorado (Colorado AIM), also called AIM-International Confederation of Autonomous Chapters, is a breakaway group from the American Indian Movement.

It was founded by thirteen AIM chapters in 1993 at a meeting in Denver, Colorado. The group issued its Edgewood Declaration, citing organizational and ideological grievances and alleging criminal acts by some leaders of the Minneapolis-based, national organization. The autonomous chapters group argues that AIM has always been organized as a series of decentralized, autonomous chapters, with local leadership accountable to local constituencies. The autonomous chapters reject the assertions of central control by the Minneapolis group as contrary both to indigenous political traditions and to the original philosophy of AIM.

Notable activists associated with AIM of Colorado have been Russell Means and Ward Churchill.

Russell Means
Russell Charles Means (Lakota: Waŋblí Ohítika; November 10, 1939 – October 22, 2012) was an Oglala Lakota activist for the rights of Native Americans, libertarian political activist, actor, musician and writer. He became a prominent member of the American Indian Movement (AIM) after joining the organization in December 1969 and helped organize notable events that attracted national and international media coverage.

Means was active in international issues of indigenous peoples, including working with groups in Central and South America and with the United Nations for recognition of their rights. He was active in politics at his native Pine Ridge Indian Reservation and at the state and national level.

Beginning an acting career in 1992, he appeared on numerous television series and in several films, including The Last of the Mohicans, Pocahontas, and Curb Your Enthusiasm. He released his own music CD. Means published his autobiography Where White Men Fear to Tread in 1995.
Mary Deros
Mary Deros was a municipal politician in Montreal, Quebec, Canada. She represented Parc-Extension on Montreal city council from 1998 until 2025.

Deros was previously an executive committee member in the administrations of Pierre Bourque and Gérald Tremblay. Originally elected as a member of Vision Montreal, Deros subsequently joined Union Montreal before becoming an independent councillor in December 2012; in June 2013, she reaffiliated with Équipe Denis Coderre and stayed with the party as it was renamed Ensemble Montréal.

Vision Montreal
Vision Montreal (French: Vision Montréal or VM) was a municipal political party in Montreal, Quebec, Canada.  It was founded in 1994 and dissolved in April 2014. Between 2001 and 2013 it formed the official opposition on Montreal City Council.
Areces government
Vicente Álvarez Areces formed the Areces government on 20 July 1999 after passing the investiture at the General Junta of the Principality of Asturias to form a government as a result of the Asturian Socialist Federation's victory at the 1999 regional election. Areces was nominated again in 2003 and 2007 for a second and third cabinet.

Vicente Álvarez Areces
Vicente Alberto Álvarez Areces (4 August 1943 – 17 January 2019), also known as Tini Areces, was a Spanish politician. He served as the sixth President of the Principality of Asturias in Spain, and he was a member of the Spanish Socialist Workers' Party political party. He was also a member of the Committee of the Regions, working as a vice-president of the Party of European Socialists Group.

Areces was born in Gijón, and prior to his becoming President of Asturias in 1999, he had served as mayor of Gijón between 1987 and 1999. He died on 17 January 2019.
Australian red ensign
The Australian red ensign is the civil ensign of Australia, the flag of nationality flown by Australian registered ships. It is a red version of the national flag, which is mainly blue. Both flags resulted from the Commonwealth Government's 1901 Federal Flag Design Competition which required two entries: an ensign for Commonwealth Government use and another for the merchant navy. The winning design for the merchant ensign was based on the traditional British red ensign and featured the Southern Cross and Commonwealth Star.

Red Ensign
The Red Ensign or Red Duster is the civil ensign of the United Kingdom. It is one of the British ensigns, and it is used either plain or defaced with either a badge or a charge, mostly in the right half.

It is the flag flown by British merchant or passenger ships since 1707. Prior to 1707, an English red ensign and a Scottish red ensign were flown by the English Royal Navy and the Royal Scots Navy, respectively. The precise date of the first appearance of these earlier red ensigns is not known, but surviving payment receipts indicate that the English navy was paying to have such flags sewn in the 1620s.