hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sheet metal forming simulation
Today the metal forming industry is making increasing use of simulation to evaluate the performing of dies, processes and blanks prior to building try-out tooling. Finite element analysis (FEA) is the most common method of simulating sheet metal forming operations to determine whether a proposed design will produce parts free of defects such as fracture or wrinkling.

Forming (metalworking)
In metalworking, forming is the fashioning of metal parts and objects through mechanical deformation; the workpiece is reshaped without adding or removing material, and its mass remains unchanged. Forming operates on the materials science principle of plastic deformation, where the physical shape of a material is permanently deformed.
Marga Ingeborg Thome
Marga Ingeborg Thome (born 17 July 1942) is a German-Icelandic nursing scholar. She is a professor emerita at the University of Iceland. In 2010, Marga was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Icelandic Order of the Falcon.

Order of the Falcon
The Order of the Falcon (Icelandic: Hin íslenska fálkaorða) is the only order of chivalry in Iceland, founded by King Christian X of Denmark and Iceland on 3 July 1921. The award is awarded for merit for Iceland and humanity and has five degrees. Nowadays, appointments are made on the nomination of the President of Iceland and that of a "five-member council."
Supporting electrolyte
A supporting electrolyte, in electrochemistry, according to an IUPAC definition, is an electrolyte containing chemical species that are not electroactive (within the range of potentials used) and which has an ionic strength and conductivity much larger than those due to the electroactive species added to the electrolyte. Supporting electrolyte is also sometimes referred to as background electrolyte, inert electrolyte, or inactive electrolyte.

Supporting electrolytes are widely used in electrochemical measurements when control of electrode potentials is required. This is done to increase the conductivity of the solution (to practically eliminate the so-called IR drop, or ohmic potential drop from Ohm's law: V = IR), to eliminate the transport of electroactive species by ion migration in the electric field, to maintain constant ionic strength, to maintain constant pH, etc.

Ionic strength
The ionic strength of a solution is a measure of the concentration of ions in that solution. Ionic compounds, when dissolved in water, dissociate into ions. The total electrolyte concentration in solution will affect important properties such as the dissociation constant or the solubility of different salts. One of the main characteristics of a solution with dissolved ions is the ionic strength. Ionic strength can be molar (mol/L solution) or molal (mol/kg solvent) and to avoid confusion the units should be stated explicitly. The concept of ionic strength was first introduced by Lewis and Randall in 1921 while describing the activity coefficients of strong electrolytes.
Elena Sazonenkova
Elena Vladimirovna Sazonenkova (Russian: Елена Владимировна Сазоненкова; born 22 October 1973) is a Soviet former artistic gymnast. She was a member of the team that won gold at the 1989 World Championships. She is the 1991 Summer Universiade all-around champion.

1991 Summer Universiade
The 1991 Summer Universiade, officially known as the XVI Summer Universiade and generally referred to as the World Student Games, were held in Sheffield, England from 14 to 25 July 1991. The Games were the largest sporting event to be hosted in the United Kingdom since the 1948 Summer Olympics.

Sheffield City Council saw the event as a catalyst for urban renewal and regeneration after industrial decline. It set up a company, Universiade GB Ltd, to run the games. New facilities built for the event included the centrepiece Don Valley Stadium and other arenas, while the Lyceum Theatre was renovated for the associated cultural events.

More than 3,300 athletes took part from 101 countries, including the first appearance of a unified German team at a Summer Universiade.
Index of basketball-related articles
Basketball is a team sport in which two teams of five players try to score points by throwing or "shooting" a ball through the top of a basketball hoop while following a set of rules. Basketball is one of the most popular and widely viewed sports in the world.

Following is an alphabetical index of basketball articles:

Team sport
A team sport is a type of sport where the fundamental nature of the game or sport requires the participation of multiple individuals working together as a team, and it is inherently impossible or highly impractical to execute the sport as a single-player endeavour. In team sports, the cooperative effort of team members is essential for the sport to function and achieve its objectives. The objective often involves teammates facilitating the movement of a ball or similar bob in accordance with a set of rules in order to score points. Examples are basketball, volleyball, rugby league, rugby union, water polo, handball, lacrosse, cricket, baseball, and the various forms of football and hockey. These sports emphasize teamwork, strategy, and coordination among team members while competing against opposing teams to achieve a common goal. Team sports do not include individual or individual-to-team events within a sport.
Belaya Kalitva constituency
The Belaya Kalitva constituency (No.153) is a Russian legislative constituency in Rostov Oblast. The constituency covers mostly rural and industrial coal-mining northern Rostov Oblast, including the cities Belaya Kalitva, Donetsk, Kamensk-Shakhtinsky and Millerovo.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Nikolay Goncharov, agribusinessman and municipal deputy, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Aleksandr Sholokhov after the latter successfully sought re-election only through party-list representation.

Donetsk, Rostov Oblast
Donetsk (Russian: Донецк, IPA: [dɐˈnʲetsk] ⓘ, until 1955 Gundorovka, Russian: Гундоровка, Ukrainian: Гундорівка) is a town in Rostov Oblast, Russia, located on the Seversky Donets River on the border with Ukraine. By road it is located 388 kilometres (241 mi) west of Volgograd. Population: 50,098 (2010 census); 48,040 (2002 census); 48,673 (1989 Soviet census); 38,000 (1970).
The Young Diana
The Young Diana is a lost 1922 American silent drama film directed by Albert Capellani and Robert G. Vignola and written by Luther Reed. The film stars Marion Davies, Macklyn Arbuckle, Forrest Stanley, Gypsy O'Brien, and Pedro de Cordoba. It is based on the 1918 novel The Young Diana by Marie Corelli. The film was released on August 27, 1922, by Paramount Pictures.

Forrest Stanley
Forrest Stanley (August 21, 1889 – August 27, 1969) was an American actor and screenplay writer best known for his work in silent film. He is particularly known for his role as Charles Brandon in the historical film When Knighthood Was in Flower (1922) by Robert G. Vignola and Charles Wilder in the murder mystery film The Cat and the Canary (1927) directed by Paul Leni. He also appeared in the 1912 play The Seven Sisters, opposite Laurette Taylor, directed by Oliver Morosco.
Ahmad Waqass Goraya
Ahmad Waqass Goraya (Urdu: احمد وقاص گورایا)  is a Pakistani-born activist and blogger based in the Netherlands. He is among several Pakistani bloggers and authors overseas who are critics of the Pakistan Army who have been persecuted, tortured and threatened. They include Salman Haider, Gul Bukhari, and others.

Gul Bukhari
Gul Bukhari is a British-Pakistani journalist and columnist. She has been residing in UK since December 2018.

In June 2018, she was abducted for few hours by unknown personnel from Lahore's cantonment area, which has heavy army presence and security checks controlled by the military. A colleague of her alleged that uniformed men were present at her abduction.
Péter Palotás
Péter Palotás (27 June 1929 – 17 May 1967), born as Péter Poteleczky, was a Hungarian footballer who played as a forward for MTK Budapest FC and Hungary. During the 1950s he was a fringe member of the team known as the Mighty Magyars and played alongside the likes of Ferenc Puskás, Zoltán Czibor, Sándor Kocsis, Nándor Hidegkuti and József Bozsik. Palotás was an early pioneer of the deep-lying centre-forward role and in 1955 he scored the first ever hat-trick in a European Cup game. In 1959 he retired as a player due to a heart condition. The same condition led to his death on 17 May 1967.

Zoltán Czibor
Zoltán Czibor (23 August 1929 – 1 September 1997) was a Hungarian footballer who played for several Hungarian clubs, including Ferencváros and Budapest Honvéd, and the Hungary national team before joining CF Barcelona. Czibor played as a left-winger or striker and was notable for having a powerful shot, good pace and excellent ball control. During the 1950s he was part of the Magical Magyars, reaching the World Cup final with them in 1954. After the 1956 Hungarian Revolution he moved to Spain where he became a prominent member of the successful FC Barcelona team of the late 1950s. After three seasons at Barcelona, he joined their local rivals Español for the 1961–62 season. After brief spells at FC Basel, Austria Wien and Primo Hamilton FC, he retired as a professional footballer and returned to Hungary. He died there in 1997, aged 68.
Gilbert M. Woodward
Gilbert Motier Woodward (December 25, 1835 – March 13, 1914) was an American lawyer and politician.  He served one term in the United States House of Representatives, representing Wisconsin's 7th congressional district.  He was also the 16th mayor of La Crosse, Wisconsin, and the Democratic nominee for Governor of Wisconsin in 1886.  During the American Civil War he served as a Union Army officer in the famed Iron Brigade of the Army of the Potomac.

Army of the Potomac
The Army of the Potomac was the primary field army of the Union army in the Eastern Theater of the American Civil War. It was created in July 1861 shortly after the First Battle of Bull Run and was disbanded in June 1865 following the surrender of the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia in April.
Fornacite
Fornacite is a rare lead, copper chromate arsenate hydroxide mineral with the formula: Pb2Cu(CrO4)(AsO4)(OH). It forms a series with the phosphate mineral vauquelinite.  It forms variably green to yellow, translucent to transparent crystals in the monoclinic – prismatic crystal system. It has a Mohs hardness of 2.3 and a specific gravity of 6.27.

It was first described in 1915 and named after Lucien Lewis Forneau (1867–1930) the governor of the French Congo. Its type locality is in Reneville, Republic of Congo.

It occurs in the oxidized zone of ore deposits and is associated with dioptase, wulfenite, hemihedrite, phoenicochroite, duftite, mimetite, shattuckite, chrysocolla, hemimorphite, willemite and fluorite.

Mimetite
Mimetite is a lead arsenate chloride mineral (Pb5(AsO4)3Cl) which forms as a secondary mineral in lead deposits, usually by the oxidation of galena and arsenopyrite. The name derives from the Greek Μιμητής mimetes, meaning "imitator" and refers to mimetite's resemblance to the mineral pyromorphite. This resemblance is not coincidental, as mimetite forms a mineral series with pyromorphite (Pb5(PO4)3Cl) and with vanadinite (Pb5(VO4)3Cl). Notable occurrences are Mapimi, Durango, Mexico, and Tsumeb, Namibia.
Barry Shollenberger
Barry John Shollenberger (born 1941) is a retired American baseball and football coach. During his career, Shollenberger worked in both sports while with Tampa Bay Technical High School from 1965 to 1973. In college baseball, Shollenberger started out with the Alabama Crimson Tide baseball team as an assistant coach in 1974. He then became the head coach for Middle Georgia Junior College in 1976. As the head coach for Western Kentucky University from 1977 to 1979, Shollenberger had 77 wins, 64 losses and 3 ties.

With Alabama from 1980 to 1994, Shollenberger amassed 487 wins, 334 losses and 1 tie. During this time period, Shollenberger appeared at the championship game during the 1983 College World Series and was the Baseball America College Coach of the Year that year. Apart from coaching, Shollenberger was a minor league pitcher from 1961 to 1965. While with the Waterloo Hawks, Shollenberger received the Midwest League Top MLB Prospect Award in 1962.

Western Kentucky University
Western Kentucky University (WKU) is a public university in Bowling Green, Kentucky, United States. It was founded by the Commonwealth of Kentucky in 1906, though its roots reach back a few decades earlier. It operates regional campuses in Glasgow, Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, and Owensboro. The main campus sits atop a hill overlooking the Barren River valley.
Sherrill Cheda
Sherrill Cheda (née Schneider) (February 15, 1936 – June 7, 2008) was an American-born Canadian librarian, feminist writer and arts administrator. She worked in a number of academic libraries in the United States and Canada before serving as chief librarian at Seneca College.

In addition to writing for Chatelaine, she co-founded and edited Emergency Librarian, a publication focused on feminist issues in librarianship, with Phyllis Yaffe. Following her position at Seneca, she worked at the Canadian Periodical Publishers Association and the Ontario Arts Council before taking a position with the Ontario Ministry of Culture and Communications.

Ontario Arts Council
The Ontario Arts Council (OAC) is a publicly funded Canadian organization in the province of Ontario whose purpose is to foster the creation and production of art for the benefit of all Ontarians. Based in Toronto, OAC was founded in 1963 by Ontario's Premier at the time, John Robarts.
Harry Oliver
Harry Oliver (April 4, 1888 – July 4, 1973) was an American humorist, artist, and Academy Award nominated art director of films from the 1920s and 1930s. Besides his outstanding work in Hollywood, he is now best remembered for his humorous writings about the American Southwest, and his publication (1946–1964) of the Desert Rat Scrap Book, an irregular broadsheet devoted to the Southwest. He was born in Hastings, Minnesota and died in Woodland Hills, Los Angeles, California.

He is known for his Hollywood work as art director on the films 7th Heaven (1927) and Street Angel (1928), for which he was nominated for the very first Academy Awards, as well as set design or art direction on the films Ben-Hur: A Tale of the Christ (1925), Sparrows (1926), Scarface (1932), Viva Villa! (1934), Mark of the Vampire (1935), and The Good Earth (1937).

Mark of the Vampire
Mark of the Vampire is a 1935 American horror film directed by Tod Browning, and starring Lionel Barrymore, Elizabeth Allan, Bela Lugosi, Lionel Atwill, and Jean Hersholt, produced by Metro Goldwyn Mayer. Its plot follows a series of deaths and attacks by vampires that brings eminent expert Professor Zelen to the aid of Irena Borotyn, who is about to be married. Her father, Sir Karell, died from complete loss of blood, with bite wounds on his neck, and it appears he may be one of the undead now plaguing the area. It has been described as a talkie remake of Browning's lost silent London After Midnight (1927), though it does not credit the older film or its writers.
Alex Brown (rugby league)
Alex Brown (born 28 August 1987) is a Jamaica international rugby league footballer who plays on the wing for the Underbank Rangers

He has played at representative level for Jamaica, and at club level for Keighley, Rochdale Hornets, Huddersfield, Batley and Hull Kingston Rovers, as a wing. He made his first-grade début, playing Left-Wing in the 10-12 defeat by St. Helens in 2009s Super League XIV at Knowsley Road, St. Helens on Friday 21 August 2009. He was "dual-registered" for 2010s Super League XV, with Co-operative Championship club Batley, which means he played on loan at Batley with the option of an immediate recall to Huddersfield.

Jamaica national rugby league team
The Jamaica national rugby league team represents Jamaica in international rugby league tournaments. Administered by the Jamaica Rugby League Association, the team made their full international debut at the 2009 Atlantic Cup against the United States.

The team made their first appearance at the Rugby League World Cup in 2021. They primarily wear yellow jerseys with green shorts and green socks. Their strongest line-up is composed mainly of British Jamaican professional and semi-professional players, alongside amateurs based in Jamaica.
Zhang Zhaozhong
Zhang Zhaozhong (Chinese: 张召忠; born May 6, 1952) is a retired Chinese military theorist at the PLA National Defense University. He held the rank of rear admiral in the People's Liberation Army Navy prior to his retirement.

People's Liberation Army National Defense University
The PLA National Defense University is a national military university headquartered in Haidian, Beijing, China, with constituent and affiliated military academies nationwide. Established in 1985 by a military order of Deng Xiaoping, the university is under the "institutional leadership" of the Central Military Commission. The university is the highest military education institution of China.

The current president of the university is People's Liberation Army (PLA) general Xiao Tianliang. Its current political commissar is vice admiral Xia Zhihe.
Further Adventures of Jimmy and Wes
Further Adventures of Jimmy and Wes is an album by American jazz guitarist Wes Montgomery and organist Jimmy Smith. It was recorded in 1966 with Jimmy & Wes: The Dynamic Duo but was not released until 1968.

Wes Montgomery
John Leslie "Wes" Montgomery (March 6, 1923 – June 15, 1968) was an American jazz guitarist. Montgomery was known for his unusual technique of plucking the strings with the side of his thumb and for his extensive use of octaves, which gave him a distinctive sound.

Montgomery often worked with his brothers Buddy (Charles F.) and Monk (William H.), as well as organist Melvin Rhyne. His recordings up to 1965 were oriented toward hard bop, soul jazz, and post bop, but around 1965 he began recording more pop-oriented instrumental albums that found mainstream success. His later guitar style influenced jazz fusion and smooth jazz.
The Eye of the Sibyl (collection)
The Eye of the Sibyl is a collection of science fiction stories by American writer Philip K. Dick.  It was first published by Citadel Twilight in 1992 and reprints Volume V of The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick, omitting the story "We Can Remember It for You Wholesale".  Many of the stories had originally appeared in the magazines Worlds of Tomorrow, Galaxy Science Fiction, Amazing Stories, Fantasy and Science Fiction, Famous Science Fiction, Niekas, Rolling Stone College Papers, Interzone, Playboy, Omni and The Yuba City High Times.

The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick
The Collected Stories of Philip K. Dick is a collection of 118 science fiction stories by American writer Philip K. Dick.  It was first published by Underwood-Miller in 1987 as a five volume set. See Philip K. Dick bibliography for information about the mass market reprints.

Many of the stories had originally appeared in the magazines Fantasy and Science Fiction, Planet Stories, If, Galaxy Science Fiction, Imagination, Space Science Fiction, Fantastic Story Magazine, Amazing Stories, Future Science Fiction, Cosmos, Fantasy Fiction, Beyond Fantasy Fiction, Thrilling Wonder Stories, Startling Stories, Fantastic Universe, Science Fiction Quarterly, Astounding, Science Fiction Adventures, Science Fiction Stories, Orbit, Satellite Science Fiction, Imaginative Tales, Fantastic, Worlds of Tomorrow, Escapade, Famous Science Fiction, Niekas, Rolling Stone College Papers, Interzone, Playboy, Omni and The Yuba City High Times.
The Alamo (2004 film)
The Alamo is a 2004 American war historical drama about the Battle of the Alamo during the Texas Revolution. The film was directed by John Lee Hancock, produced by Ron Howard, Brian Grazer, and Mark Johnson, produced by Touchstone Pictures and Imagine Entertainment, and distributed by Buena Vista Pictures Distribution, and starring Dennis Quaid as Sam Houston, Billy Bob Thornton as Davy Crockett, Jason Patric as Jim Bowie, and Patrick Wilson as William B. Travis. The screenplay is credited to Hancock, Stephen Gaghan, and Leslie Bohem.

The film received mixed to negative reviews from critics and was a box office flop, losing the studio over $146 million.

Imagine Entertainment
Imagine Entertainment, formerly Imagine Films Entertainment, also known simply as Imagine (stylized in all caps as IMAGINE), is an American film and television production company founded in November 1985 by producer Brian Grazer and director Ron Howard.
Worldwar: Tilting the Balance
Worldwar: Tilting the Balance is an alternate history novel by the American writer Harry Turtledove. It is the second book in the Worldwar tetralogy and in the extended Worldwar series, which includes the Colonization trilogy and the novel Homeward Bound.

In the novel, the major world powers struggle to develop the first human atomic bombs with material taken from the invading aliens, known as The Race.

Colonization (series)
Colonization is a trilogy of alternate history books  by American writer Harry Turtledove. It is a series continuation of the situation set up in the Worldwar tetralogy, projecting the situation between humanity and The Race (the bipedal lizard-like invaders and settlers from Worldwar) nearly twenty years afterward, in the mid-1960s.

The Race has settled and plans to colonize nearly half the surface of the Earth, including Africa, Australia, China, southern Asia, Mexico, Central America, South America, Spain, Portugal, and Poland (prewar Poland and East Prussia). The United States, Canada, the Soviet Union, the Greater German Reich (Germany and the territories that it occupied during World War II), the United Kingdom, and Japan are the only other powers when the Race's colonization fleet of 80–100 million settlers arrives. Humanity and The Race still jockey for advantages over each other.
Nyon Basket Feminin
Nyon Basket Feminin is a Swiss women's basketball club based in Nyon, Switzerland. Nyon Basket Feminin plays in SB League Women, the highest tier level of women's professional basketball in Switzerland. The team also plays in the EWBL. The team plays its games at the Centre Sportif Du Rocher. Nyon Basket Feminin is currently coached by Loan Morand.

European Women's Basketball League
The European Women's Basketball League, shortly EWBL, formerly known as Eastern European Women's Basketball League or EEWBL, is a top-level professional regional basketball league, featuring female clubs from EWBL members (Belarus, Czech Republic, Estonia, Hungary, Kazakhstan, Latvia, Lebanon, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Russia, Slovakia, Sweden, Ukraine, Turkey).
2016 Nova Scotia New Democratic Party leadership election
The election for the leadership of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party was triggered on November 16, 2013, following Darrell Dexter's resignation after losing the seat he contested in the 2013 election. The party elected Gary Burrill as their new leader on February 27, 2016, following a one-member one-vote election held during a convention at the Holiday Inn Harbourview in Dartmouth.

Darrell Dexter
Darrell Elvin Dexter (born 1957) is a Canadian lawyer, journalist and former naval officer who served as the 27th premier of Nova Scotia from 2009 to 2013.  A member of the Nova Scotia New Democratic Party, he served as party leader from 2001 to 2013. He became Premier in 2009 after his party defeated the governing Progressive Conservative Party, leading the first NDP government in Atlantic Canada and the second east of Manitoba.  His government was defeated in the 2013 election, becoming the first Nova Scotia government in 131 years to be denied a second mandate; Dexter himself was defeated in his constituency by 21 votes. Dexter now serves as a lobbyist for the cannabis industry.