hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Culture of Guam
The culture of Guam reflects traditional Chamorro customs in a combination of indigenous pre-Hispanic forms, as well as American and Spanish traditions. Post-European-contact Chamoru Guamanian culture is a combination of American, Spanish, Filipino and other Micronesian Islander traditions. Few indigenous pre-Hispanic customs remained following Spanish contact, but include plaiting and pottery, and there has been a resurgence of interest among the CHamoru to preserve the language and culture. Hispanic influences are manifested in the local language, music, dance, sea navigation, cuisine, fishing, games (such as batu, chonka, estuleks, and bayogu), songs and fashion.

Pandanus
Pandanus is a genus of monocots with about 578 accepted species. They are palm-like, dioecious trees and shrubs native to the Old World tropics and subtropics. Common names include pandan, screw palm and screw pine. The genus is classified in the order Pandanales, family Pandanaceae, and is the largest in the family.
Taulant Xhaka
Taulant Ragip Xhaka (born 28 March 1991) is a former professional footballer who played as a defensive midfielder who is the current manager of FC Dardania Basel. Born in Switzerland, he represented the Albania national team.

2013–14 Swiss Super League
The 2013–14 Swiss Super League was the 117th season of top-tier football in Switzerland. It began on 13 July 2013 and ended on 18 May 2014. Basel successfully defended their title for a record fifth time in a row.

A total of 10 teams competed in the league. The 9 best teams from the 2012–13 season and the 2012–13 Swiss Challenge League champion FC Aarau.
Black Rednecks and White Liberals
Black Rednecks and White Liberals is a collection of six essays by Thomas Sowell.  The collection, published in 2005, explores various aspects of race and culture, both in the United States and abroad. The first essay, the book's namesake, traces the origins of the "ghetto" African-American culture to the culture of Scotch-Irish Americans who migrated from the British Isles to the Antebellum South. The second essay, "Are Jews Generic?", discusses middleman minorities. The third essay, "The Real History of Slavery," discusses the timeline of abolition of slavery and serfdom. The last three essays discuss the history of Germany, African-American education, and a criticism of multiculturalism.

Criticism of multiculturalism
Criticism of multiculturalism questions the ideal of the hegemonic maintenance of distinct ethnic cultures within a country. Multiculturalism is a particular subject of debate in certain European nations that are associated with the idea of a nation state. Critics of multiculturalism may argue against cultural integration of different ethnic and cultural groups to the existing laws and values of the country. Alternatively critics may argue for assimilation of different ethnic and cultural groups to a single national identity. Others may put forward different alternatives again—such as Interculturalism, Racial color blindness, Polyculturalism, Cosmopolitanism, Integration of immigrants, Transnationalism, Integrative Anti-racism or Ethnonationalism.
Moldovan–Romanian collaboration during the COVID-19 pandemic
During the COVID-19 pandemic, Romania has supported Moldova on several occasions, supplying it with medical equipment and supplies, volunteer Romanian experts and doctors and even a series of COVID-19 vaccine units that arrived on 27 February 2021, which allowed Moldova to start its vaccination program.

Government of Romania
The Government of Romania (Romanian: Guvernul României) forms one half of the executive branch of the government of Romania (the other half being the office of the President of Romania). It is headed by the Prime Minister of Romania, and consists of the ministries, various subordinate institutions and agencies, and the 42 prefectures. The seat of the Romanian Government is at Victoria Palace in Bucharest.

The Government is the public authority of executive power that functions on the basis of the vote of confidence granted by Parliament, ensuring the achievement of the country's domestic and foreign policy and that exercises the general leadership of public administration. The Government is appointed by the President of Romania on the basis of the vote of confidence granted to the Government by the Parliament of Romania.
G/M/1 queue
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, the G/M/1 queue represents the queue length in a system where interarrival times have a general (meaning arbitrary) distribution and service times for each job have an exponential distribution. The system is described in Kendall's notation where the G denotes a general distribution, M the exponential distribution for service times and the 1 that the model has a single server.

The arrivals of a G/M/1 queue are given by a renewal process. It is an extension of an M/M/1 queue, where this renewal process must specifically be a Poisson process (so that interarrival times have exponential distribution).

Models of this type can be solved by considering one of two M/G/1 queue dual systems, one proposed by Ramaswami and one by Bright.

M/M/1 queue
In queueing theory, a discipline within the mathematical theory of probability, an M/M/1 queue represents the queue length in a system having a single server, where arrivals are determined by a Poisson process and job service times have an exponential distribution. The model name is written in Kendall's notation. The model is the most elementary of queueing models and an attractive object of study as closed-form expressions can be obtained for many metrics of interest in this model. An extension of this model with more than one server is the M/M/c queue.
Maria Francesca Bentivoglio
Maria Francesca Bentivoglio (born 27 January 1977) is a former tennis player from Italy. On 23 August 1993, she reached her highest WTA singles ranking of No. 73.

She reached the quarterfinals of the 1993 Italian Open, after beating Manon Bollegraf, Jana Novotná and Natasha Zvereva. The same year she won the 1993 US Open Championships in Juniors.
She was a member of the Italian Fed Cup team. She retired prematurely in 1994 and became a gynaecologist.

Jana Novotná
Jana Novotná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjana ˈnovotnaː]; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a Czech professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 2 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) in 1997, and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 67 weeks. Novotná won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other singles majors. She also won twelve major women's doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. Novotná played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.
Benita Martínez Pastoriza
Benita Martínez Pastoriza de Sarmiento (26 August 1819, San Juan, Argentina – 6 October 1890 in Buenos Aires, Argentina) was the second wife of Domingo Faustino Sarmiento, Argentina's First Lady, and the mother of Domingo Fidel Sarmiento. She was married to Domingo Castro y Calvo before being married to President Sarmiento.

First ladies and gentlemen of Argentina
First Lady or First Gentleman of Argentina (Spanish: Primera dama o Primer caballero de Argentina), also known as First Lady or First Gentleman of the Argentine Nation (Spanish: Primera dama o Primer caballero de la Nación Argentina), is a title typically held by the spouse of the president of Argentina, concurrent with the president's term in office. Although the first lady's role has never been codified or officially defined, she figures prominently in the political and social life of Argentina. The First Lady of Argentina is the hostess of the Quinta de Olivos, and on special occasions of the Casa Rosada.
Poughkeepsie station
Poughkeepsie station is a Metro-North Railroad and Amtrak stop serving the city of Poughkeepsie, New York. The station is the northern terminus of Metro-North's Hudson Line, and an intermediate stop for Amtrak's several Empire Corridor trains.

Built in 1918, the main station building is meant to be a much smaller version of Grand Central Terminal. It was a source of civic pride when it opened. In 1976 it was added to the National Register of Historic Places as Poughkeepsie Railroad Station; it and Philipse Manor are the only Hudson Line stations outside Manhattan to be so recognized.

Metropolitan Transportation Authority
The Metropolitan Transportation Authority (MTA) is a public benefit corporation in New York State responsible for public transportation in the New York City metropolitan area. The MTA is the largest public transit authority in North America, serving 12 counties in Downstate New York, along with two counties in southwestern Connecticut under contract with the Connecticut Department of Transportation (CTDOT), carrying over 11 million passengers on an average weekday systemwide, and over 850,000 vehicles on its seven toll bridges and two tunnels per weekday.
Sofiyanski Government
The eighty-sixth Cabinet of Bulgaria was a caretaker technocratic government set up by President Petar Stoyanov following the resignation of the Videnov government. The government, headed by Prime Minister Stefan Sofiyanski, ruled from February 12, 1997 to May 21, 1997, when the new cabinet took office.

Kostov Government
The eighty-seventh cabinet of Bulgaria (the Kostov Government) ruled from May 21, 1997 to July 24, 2001. The government was formed by the United Democratic Forces, an electoral alliance led by the Union of Democratic Forces, after they won a landslide victory in the 1997 parliamentary election winning 49.15% of the votes and 137 (out of 240) seats in the National Assembly.
The cabinet was chaired by the UDF leader Ivan Kostov who shared the cabinet posts between his party and his allies. This was the largest margin of victory since the end of communism in 1990, to this day. Kostov's government was the first since 1990 to serve its entire four-year mandate.
FC Mostovik-Primorye Ussuriysk
FC Mostovik-Primorye Ussuriysk (Russian: «Мостовик‑Приморье» (Уссурийск)) is an association football team from Ussuriysk, Russia. It played professionally for a single season in 1993, taking 11th place in Zone 7 of the Russian Second Division. In 2010, the club returned to the Russian Second Division. It was liquidated after the 2011–12 season due to lack of financing.

Russian Second League
The Russian Second League (Russian: Первенство России II дивизиона ФНЛ), formerly the Russian Professional Football League, are both the third (Division A) and fourth level (Division B) of Russian professional football.
Garbanzol
Garbanzol is a flavanonol, a type of flavonoid. It can be found in the seed of Cicer arietinum (Bengal gram), in the shoot of Phaseolus lunatus (butter bean) and in the root of Pterocarpus marsupium (Bastard teak).

Flavanonol
The flavanonols (with two "o"s a.k.a. 3-hydroxyflavanone or 2,3-dihydroflavonol) are a class of flavonoids that use the 3-hydroxy-2,3-dihydro-2-phenylchromen-4-one (IUPAC name) backbone.

Some examples include:

Taxifolin (or Dihydroquercetin)

Aromadedrin (or Dihydrokaempferol)

Engeletin (or Dihydrokaempferol-3-rhamnoside)
Legcuffs
Legcuffs are physical restraints used on the ankles of a person to allow walking only with a restricted stride and to prevent running and effective physical resistance. Frequently used alternative terms are leg cuffs, (leg/ankle) shackles, footcuffs, fetters or leg irons. The term "fetter" shares a root with the word "foot".

Shackles are typically used on prisoners and slaves. Leg shackles also are used for chain gangs to keep them together.

Metaphorically, a fetter may be anything that restricts or restrains in any way, hence the word "unfettered".

Ankle
The ankle, the talocrural region or the jumping bone (informal) is the area where the foot and the leg meet. The ankle includes three joints: the ankle joint proper or talocrural joint, the subtalar joint, and the inferior tibiofibular joint. The movements produced at this joint are dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the foot. In common usage, the term ankle refers exclusively to the ankle region. In medical terminology, "ankle" (without qualifiers) can refer broadly to the region or specifically to the talocrural joint.

The main bones of the ankle region are the talus (in the foot), the tibia, and fibula (both in the leg). The talocrural joint is a synovial hinge joint that connects the distal ends of the tibia and fibula in the lower limb with the proximal end of the talus. The articulation between the tibia and the talus bears more weight than that between the smaller fibula and the talus.
1991 Toronto municipal election
The 1991 Toronto municipal election was held on November 12, 1991, to elect councillors in Metropolitan Toronto, Ontario, Canada, and mayors, councillors and school trustees in Toronto, York, East York, North York, Scarborough and Etobicoke.

Under the 1989 Municipal Act changes, the title of alderman was changed to councillor across Metro.

David Johnson (Canadian politician)
David John Johnson (born December 17, 1945) is a former politician in Ontario, Canada. He was the mayor of East York from 1982 to 1993, a Progressive Conservative member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1993 to 1999, and a senior cabinet minister in the government of Mike Harris.
1993 Lipton Championships
The 1993 Lipton Championships was a tennis tournament played on Hard courts in Key Biscayne, Florida, United States the event was part of the 1993 ATP Tour and 1993 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from March 12 to 21, 1993.

1993 ATP Tour
The IBM Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the ATP tour. The IBM ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Championship Series, Single Week, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
D.A.V. Public School, Velachery
Dayanand Anglo-Vedic Public School or D.A.V. Public School, or DAVPS, is an Indian Private Educational Institution located in Velachery, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, Established in 1990 by Mrs. Minoo Agarwal. D.A.V. Public School is one of the oldest C.B.S.E Institutions in Velachery and in Chennai city.

The School is affiliated to CBSE, New Delhi (Affiliation Code: 1930141)(School Code:007052 and/or TN7052)(Affiliation expires on 31/March/2015) and is also affiliated to Dayanand Anglo-Vedic College Managing Committee .

Velachery
Velachery is a neighbourhood of Chennai. It is located in the southern part of the Chennai city sharing borders with Guindy in the north, Taramani in the east, Perungudi in the south-east, Pallikaranai in the south, Madipakkam in south-west, Adambakkam in the west and north-west. It is the headquarters of Velachery taluk and straddles the boundary between Chennai and Kancheepuram districts.
HSwMS Gustaf V
HSwMS Gustaf V, in Swedish HM Pansarskepp Gustaf V (His Majesty's Armoured Ship Gustaf V) was a Sverige-class coastal defence ship of the Swedish Navy. The vessel was the third and last ship in the Sverige class along with HSwMS Sverige and HSwMS Drottning Victoria. Gustaf V was launched on 15 September 1917 at Kockums in Malmö and delivered to the Navy on 9 January 1922. The design consisted of four 28 cm cannon and a secondary armament of eight 15.2 cm cannon. During the interwar period, the ship underwent several modernizations and was one of the most powerful vessels in the fleet during the Second World War. The ship was put in reserve in 1948, was decommissioned in 1957 and was later sold for scrapping in Karlskrona. However, the ship remained at Berga Academy of War as of 1968. Two of the ship's 15.2 cm guns are preserved in the battery at Häggmansberget in the defensive Kalix Line, around Kalix.

HSwMS Sverige
HSwMS Sverige was a Sverige-class coastal defence ship (Pansarskepp) commissioned by Sweden during the last year of the First World War. The ship cost approximately 12 million kronor, a sum raised entirely by public donations. The fundraising was done because of the Karl Staaff government's reluctance to spend money on a new battleship. In addition to its impressive cost, the ship also had a significant impact on the Swedish Navy and its capabilities.
Probark Mały
Probark Mały [ˈprɔbark ˈmawɨ] is a settlement in the administrative district of Gmina Piecki, within Mrągowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 6 km (4 mi) north of Piecki, 9 km (6 mi) south-east of Mrągowo, and 56 km (35 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Piecki, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship
Piecki [ˈpjɛt͡ski] is a village in Mrągowo County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in north-eastern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Piecki. It is located in Masuria.
Asia Media Group
Asia Media Group Berhad (MYX: 0159) is a broadcasting, advertising and digital media company in Malaysia. It operates the country's Largest Transit-TV Network. The company provides infotainment and advertising services such as program sponsorships and video advertising using digital electronic displays installed in various indoor and outdoor premises. Asia Media also provides entertainment services, including local news, sports, health, entertainment, and documentary content.

As of April 2012, its network included:

3,993 screens on board the Malaysian Public Transportation System (Certified by the Malaysian Book of Records)

Malay styles and titles
The Malay language has a complex system of styles, titles and honorifics which are used extensively in Brunei Darussalam, Malaysia and Singapore.

Brunei, Malaysia, Singapore, few provinces in the Philippines and several provinces in Indonesia regularly award honorary and life titles. What follows in this article is specific to the Malaysian system. References to Brunei and Indonesia are given when pertinent.

In Malaysia, all non-hereditary titles can be granted to both men and women. Every title has a form of address which can be used by the wife of the title holder. This form is not used by the husband of a titled woman; such a woman will bear a title which is the same as a titled man.
Louis Trauth Dairy
39°05′06″N 84°29′20″W﻿ / ﻿39.085062°N 84.488943°W﻿ / 39.085062; -84.488943

Louis Trauth Dairy was founded in 1920 by the senior Louis Trauth. It was based in Newport, Kentucky, USA. It began from a 600-square-foot (56 m2) plant and competed with 54 other dairies in the Greater Cincinnati area. It had a modern facility covering five city blocks. There had been three multimillion-dollar expansions since 1985 to provide more efficient production and distribution of dairy products. Trauth Dairy was one of the first dairies in the area to vacuum pasteurize milk, and the first in Cincinnati to introduce tamper-evident packaging for sour cream, cottage cheese and dips. Trauth Dairy was the sole manufacturer of Fat Free plus a/B milk.

In 1997, the company was sold to Suiza Food Corp for an undisclosed price. It came under the Dean Foods brand in 2001 after the company merged with Suiza Food.

In 2011, the dairy closed after 91 years in business.

Newport, Kentucky
Newport is a home rule-class city in Campbell County, Kentucky, United States. It is at the confluence of the Ohio and Licking rivers across from Cincinnati. The population was 14,150 at the 2020 census. Historically, it was one of four county seats of Campbell County. Newport is an urban center of Northern Kentucky and is part of the Cincinnati metropolitan area.
Laurel Libby
Laurel Dawson Libby (née Munsell; born May 15, 1981) is an American politician, interior designer, and former nurse. A Republican, she is currently the representative for Maine House District 90, representing Minot and part of Auburn. She was elected to the Maine House in November 2020, 2022 and 2024.

Libby was a leader of the 2020 people's veto campaign opposing childhood vaccination laws in Maine and protested public health measures implemented to prevent the spread of COVID-19. Libby was one of seven conservative House Members to be stripped of their committee assignments over refusal to comply with mask mandates in the State House during the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2025, Libby was stripped of her voting and speaking rights on the House floor after being censured for a social media post that criticized the participation of transgender athletes in girls' sports. Her voting rights were later restored by the US Supreme Court pending the outcome of litigation.

Young Americans for Liberty
Young Americans for Liberty (YAL) is a libertarian-conservative student activist organization headquartered in Austin, Texas. Formed in 2009 in the aftermath of the Ron Paul 2008 presidential campaign, YAL establishes chapters on high school and college campuses across the United States, for the purpose of "advancing liberty on campus and in American electoral politics." It has also been described as "building the youth army for liberty."

YAL is active on nearly 400 college and university campuses, representing thousands of students. Its members regularly engage in activities protected by the First Amendment.
George Alexander Waters
Captain George Alexander Waters (c. 1820-1903) was a British Navy officer.

He served on the Vixen, the Jupiter, the Simoom, and the Shannon, which he first commanded while Sir William Peel led the Naval Brigade, before taking permanent command.

He was later Queen's Harbour Master, firstly at Malta and finally at Sheerness, before retiring in 1876.

He is buried at Kensal Green Cemetery.

William Peel (Royal Navy officer)
Captain Sir William Peel VC KCB (2 November 1824 – 27 April 1858) was a British naval officer and recipient of the Victoria Cross, the highest and most prestigious award for gallantry in the face of the enemy that can be awarded to British and Commonwealth forces. He was the third son of the Prime Minister Sir Robert Peel and his wife Julia. Like his father, he was educated at Harrow School.

He was made a Knight Commander of the Order of the Bath, and thus became Sir William Peel.
2019 ITTF World Tour Grand Finals
The 2019 ITTF World Tour Grand Finals was the final competition of the 2019 ITTF World Tour, the International Table Tennis Federation's professional table tennis world tour. It was the 24th edition of the competition, and was held from 12–15 December in Zhengzhou, China.

The competition featured events in five categories: men's singles, women's singles, men's doubles, women's doubles and mixed doubles.

ITTF World Tour Grand Finals
The ITTF World Tour Grand Finals, formerly named ITTF Pro Tour Grand Finals, was an annual table tennis tournament sanctioned by International Table Tennis Federation (ITTF) at the end of the year. The tournament included seven events: men's and women's singles, men's and women's doubles, mixed doubles (new in 2018), U21 men's and women's singles. Players who accumulated the largest number of points on the ITTF World Tour were qualified for the event, and competing for total prize money of US$1,000,000, the biggest total prize money event in the ITTF calendar.

Since 2021, the ITTF World Tour Grand Finals has been effectively replaced by the newly created WTT Cup Finals, which was renamed to WTT Finals in 2023.