hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Return of the 38 Gang
Return of the 38 Gang (Italian: Ritornano quelli della calibro 38, also known as Gangsters) is a 1977 Italian poliziottesco film directed by Giuseppe Vari. The film is an in-name-only sequel to Massimo Dallamano's Colt 38 Special Squad with different plot, characters and cast.

Poliziotteschi
Poliziotteschi (Italian: [polittsjotˈteski]; sg.: poliziottesco) constitute a subgenre of crime and action films that emerged in Italy in the late 1960s and reached the height of their popularity in the 1970s. They are also known as polizieschi all'italiana,  Italo-crime, spaghetti crime films, or simply Italian crime films. Influenced primarily by both 1970s French crime films and gritty 1960s and 1970s American cop films and vigilante films (among other influences), poliziotteschi films were made amidst an atmosphere of socio-political turmoil in Italy known as Years of Lead and amidst increasing Italian crime rates. The films generally featured graphic and brutal violence, organized crime, car chases, vigilantism, heists, gunfights, and corruption up to the highest levels. The protagonists were generally tough working class loners, willing to act outside a corrupt or overly bureaucratic system.
Volcán San Pedro
Volcán San Pedro (or Las Yeguas) is a 3,020-metre (9,908 ft) stratovolcano on the shores of Lago de Atitlán, in the Sololá Department of southern Guatemala. It is part of the mountain range of the Sierra Madre.

At the base of the volcano is the village of San Pedro La Laguna.

Sierra Madre de Chiapas
The Sierra Madre is a major mountain range in Central America. It is known as the Sierra Madre de Chiapas in Mexico. It crosses El Salvador, Guatemala, Mexico and Honduras. The Sierra Madre is part of the American Cordillera, a chain of mountain ranges that consists of an almost continuous sequence of mountain ranges that form the western "backbone" of North America, Central America, and South America.
Charlotte County Sheriff's Office
The Charlotte County Sheriff's Office (CCSO) is a law enforcement agency in Charlotte County, Florida, headquartered at 7474 Utilities Road, Punta Gorda, Florida. The current sheriff is Bill Prummell, who was elected in 2012. The CCSO covers all of Charlotte County, including the City of Punta Gorda, where it shares jurisdiction with the Punta Gorda Police Department. The office also operates the Charlotte County Jail.

Port Charlotte, Florida
Port Charlotte is a census-designated place and unincorporated community in Charlotte County, Florida, United States. The population was 60,625 at the 2020 census, up from 54,392 at the 2010 census. It is included in the Sarasota metropolitan area.

Port Charlotte was named to the "10 Best Places to Retire", in the United States for the year 2012 by U.S. News & World Report.
2020 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis de Campinas
The 2020 Campeonato Internacional de Tênis de Campinas was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the ninth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Campinas, Brazil between 30 November and 6 December 2020.

2020 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2020 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2020 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 57 tournaments with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $162,480. It was the 43rd edition of challenger tournaments cycle and 12th under the name of Challenger Tour.

The Challenger Tour was suspended between 13 March and 16 August due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Topo Volcano
Topo Volcano (Portuguese: Vulcão do Topo) is an inactive shield volcano located on Pico Island, Azores. The volcano measures 1,002 m (3,287 ft) in height and occupies the southernmost area of the island. It is part of the Lajes (or Topo) Volcanic Complex, the oldest volcanic apparatus which gave origin to the island, around 300,000 years ago. The volcano was created by a 600 m (2,000 ft) thick superposition of alternated Pāhoehoe lava flows and thin layers (10%) of pyroclastic material.

Its land area is approximately 18 km2 (6.9 sq mi) but its total area, accounting for the sea floor and the area that gave rise to the Achada Plateau, is estimated to be around 120 km2 (46 sq mi).

Achada Plateau
The Achada Plateau (Portuguese: Planalto da Achada) is an extensive volcanic mountain range located on Pico Island, Azores. It is a protected area with many valuable features that characterize the Azorean landscape. It is included in two Natura 2000 sites, one of which is classified as an Important Bird Area. Part of the plateau also includes a ramsar wetland. It is one of the three main geomorphological units that comprise Pico Island.
Trebanog
Trebanog is a village in the Cymmer electoral ward lying on the southernmost outskirts of the Rhondda Valley, Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales, located off the A4233 road between Porth and the town of Tonyrefail.  Trebanog is an outlying district of the community of Cymmer, and is neighboured by the settlement of Edmondstown (a district of Penygraig). The area has been described as being on "high ground that seals off the Rhondda from the Vale of Glamorgan". Historically it was a mining village, and was home to the Trebanog Working Men's Club and Institute.

Penygraig
Penygraig is a village and community in the Rhondda Valley in the county borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, Wales. As a community Penygraig contains the neighbouring districts of Dinas, Edmondstown, Penrhiwfer and Williamstown. Penygraig is within the historic county boundaries of Glamorgan. The name Penygraig is Welsh for 'head of the rock'.
Sikorsky S-38
The Sikorsky S-38 was an American twin-engined ten-seat sesquiplane amphibious aircraft. It was Sikorsky's first widely produced amphibious flying boat, serving successfully for Pan American Airways and the United States military.

S. C. Johnson & Son
S. C. Johnson & Son, Inc. (commonly referred to as S. C. Johnson: a Family Company) is an American multinational corporation and privately held manufacturer of household cleaning supplies and other consumer chemicals based in Racine, Wisconsin. In 2017, S. C. Johnson employed approximately 13,000 people and had estimated sales of $10 billion.

The company is owned by the Johnson family. H. Fisk Johnson, Chairman and CEO since 2004, is the fifth generation of the Johnson family to lead the company.
Hydrangea
Hydrangea (/haɪˈdreɪndʒə/ or /haɪˈdreɪndʒiə/) is a genus of more than 70 species of flowering plants native to Asia and the Americas. Hydrangea is also used as the common name for the genus; some (particularly H. macrophylla) are also often called hortensia. The genus was first described from Virginia in North America, but by far the greatest species diversity is in eastern Asia, notably China, Korea, and Japan. Most are shrubs 1–3 m (3 ft 3 in – 9 ft 10 in) tall, but some are small trees, and others lianas reaching up to 30 m (100 ft) by climbing up trees. They can be either deciduous or evergreen, though the widely cultivated temperate species are all deciduous.

The flowers of many hydrangeas act as natural pH indicators, producing blue flowers when the soil is acidic and pink ones when the soil is alkaline.

Corymb
Corymb is a botanical term for an inflorescence with the flowers growing in such a fashion that the outermost are borne on longer pedicels than the inner, bringing all flowers up to a common level. A corymb has a flattish top with a superficial resemblance towards an umbel, and may have a branching structure similar to a panicle. Flowers in a corymb structure can either be parallel, or alternate, and form in either a convex, or flat form.

Many species in the Maloideae, such as hawthorns and rowans, produce their flowers in corymbs. The Norway maple and yerba maté are also examples of corymbs.

The word corymb is derived from the Ancient Greek word κόρυμβος, korymbos meaning "bunch of flowers or fruit".

Racemose corymb

Iberis umbellata or candytuft (racemose corymb)

Cymose corymb

Sambucus nigra or elder(cymose corymb)
Pescadores campaign (1885)
The Pescadores campaign which took place in late March, 1885, was one of the last campaigns of the Sino-French War (August 1884–April 1885).  It was fought to capture the Pescadores, a strategically important archipelago off the western coast of Formosa (Taiwan).  Admiral Amédée Courbet, with part of the French Far East Squadron, bombarded the Chinese coastal defences around the principal town of Makung on Penghu Island and landed a battalion of marine infantry which routed the Chinese defenders and occupied Makung.

The Pescadores were occupied by the French until July 1885 and Admiral Courbet, by then a national hero in France, died aboard his flagship Bayard in Makung harbour during the occupation.

Boom (navigational barrier)
A boom or a chain (also boom defence, harbour chain, river chain, chain boom, boom chain or variants) is an obstacle strung across a navigable stretch of water to control or block navigation. They are sometimes mixed with pile barrages.

In modern times they usually have civil uses, such as to prevent access to a dangerous river channel. But, especially historically, they have been used militarily, with the goal of denying access to an enemy's ships: a modern example is the anti-submarine net.

Booms have also been used to force passing vessels to pay a toll.
Alum-(K)
Alum-(K) is a hydrous potassium aluminium sulfate mineral with formula KAl(SO4)2·12(H2O). It is the mineral form of potassium alum and is referred to as potassium alum in older sources. It is a member of the alum group.

It occurs as colorless to white, soft isometric crystals and efflorescence coatings. Rare crystals are octahedral in form if occurring as precipitates from neutral water solution, but cubic in form if the solution is alkaline.

It occurs as a precipitate around volcanic fumaroles and solfataras. It also occurs as an alteration in argillaceous sediments or coal beds which contain oxidizing sulfide minerals (pyrite or marcasite). Occurs associated with alunogen, pickeringite, epsomite, melanterite, gypsum and native sulfur.

Occurrences include Mount Vesuvius, Italy and Alum Cave, Sevier County, Tennessee.

Pickeringite
Pickeringite is a magnesium aluminium sulfate mineral with formula MgAl2(SO4)4·22(H2O). It forms a series with halotrichite.

It forms as an alteration product of pyrite in aluminium rich rocks and in coal seams.
It also occurs in pyrite rich hydrothermal ore deposits in arid regions. It forms in fumaroles and in caves. It occurs with kalinite, alunogen, epsomite, melanterite, copiapite and gypsum.

It was first described in 1844 as reflective for an occurrence in Cerros Pintados, Pampa del Tamarugal, Iquique Province, Tarapacá Region, Chile. It was named for American linguist and philologist John Pickering (1777–1846).
Aya Uchida
Aya Uchida (内田 彩, Uchida Aya; born July 23, 1986) is a Japanese voice actress and singer. She played Kotori Minami in Love Live! School Idol Project and Kaban in Kemono Friends. She released the single "Sign/Candy Flavor", the song "Sign" was used as the ending theme for The Quintessential Quintuplets. Her nickname is Ucchi.

Strike Witches
Strike Witches (Japanese: ストライクウィッチーズ, Hepburn: Sutoraiku Witchīzu) is a Japanese media mix franchise originally created by Fumikane Shimada via a series of magazine illustration columns. The illustrations have since inspired several official light novel, manga, and anime series and various video games. The series revolves around teenage moe anthropomorphic girls who use machines attached to their legs to do aerial combat. The original video animation (OVA) preview episode was released in January 2007. The televised anime series later aired between July and September 2008. A second season aired between July and September 2010. A standalone film that continues the storyline was released in March 2012 and a three-part OVA series was released between September 2014 and May 2015. A third season aired from October to December 2020. A spin-off, titled Brave Witches, aired from October to December 2016, and a second spin-off, Luminous Witches, aired from July to September 2022.
National symbols of South Africa
Since unification in 1910, South Africa has used a range of national symbols to identify the country, such as coats of arms, official seals, flags, national anthems, and floral, bird, animal, and other emblems.

National anthem of South Africa
The national anthem of South Africa was adopted in 1997 and is a hybrid song combining extracts of the 19th century Xhosa hymn "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika" (English: "God Bless Africa", lit. '"Lord Bless Africa"') and the Afrikaans song that was used as the South African national anthem during the apartheid era, "Die Stem van Suid-Afrika" (English: "The Voice of South Africa"), with new English lyrics.

The anthem is often referred to by its incipit of "Nkosi Sikelel' iAfrika", but this has never been its official title, which is simply "National Anthem of South Africa".

The committee responsible for this new composition included Anna Bender, Elize Botha, Richard Cock, Dolf Havemann (Secretary), Mzilikazi Khumalo (chairman), Masizi Kunene, John Lenake, Fatima Meer, Khabi Mngoma, Wally Serote, Johan de Villiers, and Jeanne Zaidel-Rudolph.
Littleborough, Nottinghamshire
Littleborough is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Sturton le Steeple, in the Bassetlaw district, in the county of Nottinghamshire, England. It is 8 miles (13 km) east of Retford. Littleborough is the site of the Roman town of Segelocum or Agelocum, on the west bank of the River Trent where the road linking Lincoln and Doncaster bridged or forded the river. In 1931 the parish had a population of 32. On 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Sturton le Steeple.

The Church of England parish church of St Nicholas is Norman, and contains some Roman tiles in its stonework.

Retford
Retford (/ˈrɛtfʊd/), also known as East Retford, is a market town in the Bassetlaw District in Nottinghamshire, England. It lies on the River Idle and the Chesterfield Canal. Retford is located 26 miles (42 km) east of Sheffield, 23 miles (37 km) west of Lincoln and 31 miles (50 km) north-east of Nottingham. The population at the 2021 census was 23,740. The town is bypassed by the A1 road.
Austad, Bygland
Austad is a village in Bygland municipality in Agder county, Norway.  The village is located on the eastern shore of the river Otra, just north of the lake Åraksfjorden.  The village of Ose lies just to the south, across the river.  The area is flat, wedged between the river and the mountains to the east.  The village area is mostly used as farmland.

Austad was the historic site of the Austad Church.  The church stood here until about 1880 when it was torn down and replaced with a new church that was built in the nearby village of Tveit on the other side of the river.  The old cemetery is still located here.

Bygland
Bygland is a municipality in Agder county, Norway. It is located in the traditional district of Setesdal. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Bygland. Other villages in the municipality include Åraksbø, Austad, Byglandsfjord, Grendi, Langeid, Lauvdal, Litveit, Longerak, Moi, Ose, Sandnes, Skåmedal, and Tveit. The Norwegian National Road 9 runs through the municipality, following the river Otra where most of the population of Bygland lives.

The 1,312-square-kilometre (507 sq mi) municipality is the 76th largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Bygland is the 323rd most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,136. The municipality's population density is 1 inhabitant per square kilometre (2.6/sq mi) and its population has decreased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Emmanuel Episcopal Church (Port Conway, Virginia)
Emmanuel Episcopal Church is an historic Episcopal church located on the west side of U.S. Route 301, just north of the Rappahannock River in Port Conway, Virginia, in the United States. Emmanuel Church and its historic graveyard are located in front of Belle Grove. In 1751, future President James Madison was born at Belle Grove, the childhood home of his mother, Eleanor Rose "Nelly" Conway. On January 7, 1987, Emmanuel Church was added to the National Register of Historic Places. The pipe organ, built by Henry Erben, is original to the building and is in continual use during services.

Belle Grove (Port Conway, Virginia)
Belle Grove is a historic plantation located on U.S. Route 301 in Port Conway, Virginia. The present plantation house was built in 1790.

James Madison, a Founding Father and the  fourth President of the United States, was born on March 16, 1751, at Belle Grove plantation in an earlier house which no longer stands. Belle Grove plantation was also the childhood home of his mother, Eleanor Rose "Nelly" Conway.  Her father Francis Conway was the namesake for Port Conway.

On April 11, 1973, Belle Grove was added to the National Register of Historic Places.
Javorje, Velike Lašče
Javorje (pronounced [ˈjaːʋɔɾjɛ]) is a small settlement southwest of Turjak in the Municipality of Velike Lašče in central Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.

Turjak
Turjak (pronounced [tuˈɾjaːk]; German: Auersperg) is a settlement in the Municipality of Velike Lašče in central Slovenia. The entire municipality is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Central Slovenia Statistical Region.
2013 World Table Tennis Championships – Women's doubles
The 2013 World Table Tennis Championships women's doubles was the 51st edition of the women's doubles championship.

Guo Yue and Li Xiaoxia are the defending champions.
Guo Yue and Li Xiaoxia defeated Ding Ning and Liu Shiwen 5–11, 11–5, 11–7, 11–5, 11–7 in the final to win the title.

Guo Yue (table tennis)
Guo Yue (simplified Chinese: 郭跃; traditional Chinese: 郭躍; pinyin: Guō Yuè; born July 17, 1988, in Anshan, Liaoning) is a Chinese table tennis player and the 2007 women's world champion.

Controversy ensued in China when Guo Yue was kicked out of the National Table Tennis Team in 2015 for "poor behaviour" and lack of interest. As of 2015, she had left the table tennis field and was studying finance at Tsinghua University.
Giacomo Bonaventura
Giacomo "Jack" Bonaventura (Italian: [ˈdʒaːkomo ˈdʒɛk bonavenˈtuːra, - ˌbɔ-]; born 22 August 1989) is an Italian professional footballer.

Bonaventura started his senior career at Atalanta in the Serie A in 2007; his impressive performances earned him a €7 million transfer to AC Milan in 2014, where he spent six seasons. He then joined Fiorentina in 2020, before leaving Italy to join Saudi club Al-Shabab in 2024.

Bonaventura became a youth international in 2008, first playing for the Italy under-19s and later the under-20s. He made his senior international debut on 31 May 2013, in a friendly match against San Marino.

2016 Supercoppa Italiana
The 2016 Supercoppa Italiana was the 29th edition of the Supercoppa Italiana. It was played on 23 December 2016 at Jassim bin Hamad Stadium in Doha, Qatar. Juventus were the defending champions. With Juventus winning both the 2015–16 Serie A championship and the 2015–16 Coppa Italia, the game was played between Juventus and the 2015–16 Coppa Italia runners-up, AC Milan. AC Milan won 4–3 on penalties following a 1–1 draw after extra time for the record-tying seventh title.
Cedelizumab
Cedelizumab is a monoclonal antibody acting on the immune system. Possible indications include the prevention of organ transplant rejections and the treatment of autoimmune diseases.

It has been approved by both the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and the European Medicines Agency for the treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC).

Vedolizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody, which binds to integrin α4β7 (LPAM-1, lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule 1, a dimer of Integrin alpha-4 and Integrin beta-7) on T lymphocytes to interfere with lymphocyte trafficking to the gut.

Vedolizumab
Vedolizumab, sold under the brand name Entyvio, is a monoclonal antibody medication developed by Takeda Oncology for the treatment of ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease. It binds to integrin α4β7 (LPAM-1, lymphocyte Peyer's patch adhesion molecule 1, a dimer of Integrin alpha-4 and Integrin beta-7), blocking the α4β7 integrin results in gut-selective anti-inflammatory activity.
Harish-Chandra isomorphism
In mathematics, the Harish-Chandra isomorphism, introduced by Harish-Chandra (1951),
is an isomorphism of commutative rings constructed in the theory of Lie algebras. The isomorphism maps the center  of the universal enveloping algebra  of a reductive Lie algebra  to the elements  of the symmetric algebra  of a Cartan subalgebra  that are invariant under the Weyl group .

Semisimple Lie algebra
In mathematics, a Lie algebra is semisimple if it is a direct sum of simple Lie algebras. (A simple Lie algebra is a non-abelian Lie algebra without any non-zero proper ideals.)

Throughout the article, unless otherwise stated, a Lie algebra is a finite-dimensional Lie algebra over a field of characteristic 0. For such a Lie algebra , if nonzero, the following conditions are equivalent:

is semisimple;

the Killing form  is non-degenerate;

has no non-zero abelian ideals;

has no non-zero solvable ideals;

the radical (maximal solvable ideal) of  is zero.
Riccardo Felici
Riccardo Felici (11 June 1819 – 20 July 1902) was a physicist and Italian professor of the University of Pisa. He is best known for the electrodynamics law that bears his name, through which the total charge passing through a circuit subject to an induced current can be calculated as the difference between the final and initial flux of the magnetic field, divided by the electrical resistance of the circuit. Felici anticipated, by almost fifty years, the experiments by André Blondel in 1914, in his search for the general law of magnetic induction.

Electromagnetic induction
Electromagnetic induction or magnetic induction is the production of an electromotive force (emf) across an electrical conductor in a changing magnetic field.

Michael Faraday is generally credited with the discovery of induction in 1831, and James Clerk Maxwell mathematically described it as Faraday's law of induction. Lenz's law describes the direction of the induced field. Faraday's law was later generalized to become the Maxwell–Faraday equation, one of the four Maxwell equations in his theory of electromagnetism.

Electromagnetic induction has found many applications, including electrical components such as inductors and transformers, and devices such as electric motors and generators.
ASA College
ASA College was a private for-profit college in New York City and Hialeah, Florida. The college had three campuses: Midtown Manhattan and Downtown Brooklyn in New York, and Hialeah in Florida. It offered associate degrees, bachelor's degrees, and professional certificates in the divisions of business administration, health disciplines, legal studies, and computer technology. Although it was accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education, that accreditation was removed in 2023 as the college failed to meet several of the commission's standards. The institution closed on March 1, 2023.

For-profit higher education in the United States
For-profit higher education in the United States refers to the commercialization and privatization of American higher education institutions. For-profit colleges have been the most recognizable for-profit institutions, and more recently with online program managers, but commercialization has been part of US higher education for centuries. Privatization of public institutions has been increasing since at least the 1980s.