hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Darge Sahle Selassie
Darge Sahle Selassie (circa 1825–1830 – 23 March 1900), Horse name Abba Gersa, was a 19th-century Ethiopian nobleman, provincial governor, general and a trusted councillor of his nephew Emperor Menelik II.

Shewa
Shewa (Amharic: ሸዋ; Oromo: Shawaa;  Somali: Shawa; Arabic: شيوا, Italian: Scioà), formerly romanized as Shua, Shoa, Showa, Shuwa, is a historical region of Ethiopia which was formerly an autonomous kingdom within the Ethiopian Empire. The modern Ethiopian capital Addis Ababa is located at its center.

The towns of Debre Berhan, Antsokia, Ankober, Entoto and, after Shewa became a province of Ethiopia, Addis Ababa have all served as the capital of Shewa at various times. Most of northern Shewa, made up of the districts of Menz, Tegulet, Yifat, Menjar and Bulga, is populated by Christian Amharas, while southern Shewa is inhabited by the Gurages and eastern Shewa has large Oromo and Argobba Muslim populations. The monastery of Debre Libanos, founded by Saint Tekle Haymanot, is located in the ancient district of Selale. Modern Shewa includes the historical Endagabatan province.
Bhitargaon, Raebareli
Bhitargaon is a village in Khiron block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located some 14 km from Lalganj, the tehsil headquarters, Bhitargaon consists of several hamlets clustered together by the main Raebareli-Unnao road. As of 2011, it has a population of 10,841 people, in 1,976 households. The village has a temple to Anandi Devi. A mela called the Anandi-ka-Mela is also held in her honour annually on Chaitra Badi 8 and Jyaistha Sudi 2. The Anandiganj bazar in Bhitargaon hosts markets twice weekly, on Tuesdays and Fridays. The main trade is in cloth and vegetables.

Khiron
Khiron is a village and corresponding community development block in Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Located on the main Raebareli-Unnao road,semari Khiron is an old Muslim town that historically served as the seat of a pargana. As of 2011, the village has a population of 9,955, in 1,714 households. It has six primary schools and one medical clinic. It serves as the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat that also includes 11 other villages.

Khiron hosts an annual mela at the Balbhadreshwar Mahadeo temple on Phalguna Badi 13; the festival is part of Shivratri and is dedicated to the worship of Shiva. Vendors bring various everyday items to sell at the fair. Khiron also hosts markets twice per week, on Mondays and Thursdays; the main items traded are cloth and vegetables.
Baby bumper headguard cap
A baby bumper headguard cap, also known as a falling cap, or pudding hat, is a protective hat worn by children learning to walk, to protect their heads in case of falls.

Known as a pudding or black pudding, a version used during the early 17th century until the late 18th century was usually open at the top and featured a sausage-shaped bumper roll that circled the head like a crown. It was fastened with straps under the chin.

Teaching a Child to Walk, by Pieter de Hooch

Portrait of Christian Hendrik Jacob Pielat van Bulderen in falling cap, by Pierre Frédéric de la Croix

Child in a falling cap in Indonesia, 1920-1940

The modern-day version can be many colors and may cover the entire head like a helmet.

Helmet
A helmet is a form of protective gear worn to protect the head. More specifically, a helmet complements the skull in protecting the human brain. Ceremonial or symbolic helmets (e.g., a policeman's helmet in the United Kingdom) without protective function are sometimes worn. Soldiers wear combat helmets, often made from Kevlar or other lightweight synthetic fibers.

The word helmet is derived from helm, an Old English word for a protective head covering.

Helmets are used for numerous sports (e.g., jockeys, American football, ice hockey, cricket, baseball, skiing, hurling and rock climbing); dangerous work activities such as construction, mining, riot police, military aviation, and in transportation (e.g. motorcycle helmets and bicycle helmets). Since the 1990s, most helmets are made from resin or plastic, which may be reinforced with fibers such as aramids.
Bandipora Assembly constituency
Bandipora Assembly constituency is one of the 90 constituencies in the Jammu and Kashmir Legislative Assembly of Jammu and Kashmir a north state of India. Bandipora is also part of Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency.

Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency
Baramulla Lok Sabha constituency is one of the five Lok Sabha (parliamentary) constituencies in Jammu and Kashmir in northern India. The 2024 election from this constituency was won by a Kashmiri separatist Engineer Rashid.
Mobile technology
Mobile technology is the technology used for cellular communication. Mobile technology has evolved rapidly over the past few years. Since the start of this millennium, a standard mobile device has gone from being no more than a simple two-way pager to being a mobile phone, GPS navigation device, an embedded web browser and instant messaging client, and a handheld gaming console. Many experts believe that the future of computer technology rests in mobile computing with wireless networking. Mobile computing by way of tablet computers is becoming more popular. Tablets are available on the 3G and 4G networks.

Mobile computing
Mobile computing is human–computer interaction in which a computer is expected to be transported during normal usage and allow for transmission of data, which can include voice and video transmissions. Mobile computing involves mobile communication, mobile hardware, and mobile software. Communication issues include ad hoc networks and infrastructure networks as well as communication properties, protocols, data formats, and concrete technologies. Hardware includes mobile devices or device components. Mobile software deals with the characteristics and requirements of mobile applications.
Foil opal
Foil opals are simulated opal gemstones that first came into vogue during the jewelry-making boom of the late-Victorian era. Across Europe and the United States, these faux gemstones joined their paste counterparts (simulated diamonds, emeralds, rubies and sapphires made from glass) as the need for jewelry outstripped both gemstone availability and nouveau middle-class budgets. The term 'foil' refers to an actual metal foil that was sometimes used to create reflection and sparkle behind milky glass or quartz faces. Though technically incorrect, other simulated opals with various types of sparkling inclusions or shiny backings are sometimes also referred to as 'foil opals' by jewelry collectors.

Costume jewelry
Costume or fashion jewelry includes a range of decorative items worn for personal adornment that are manufactured as less expensive ornamentation to complement a particular fashionable outfit or garment as opposed to "real" (fine) jewelry, which is more costly and which may be regarded primarily as collectibles, keepsakes, or investments. From the outset, costume jewelry — also known as fashion jewelry — paralleled the styles of its more precious fine counterparts.
Isabella of Savoy
Isabella of Savoy (2 March 1591 – 28 August 1626) was the daughter of Charles Emmanuel I, Duke of Savoy, and Catherine Michelle of Spain. Her maternal grandparents were Philip II of Spain and Elisabeth of Valois, and her paternal grandparents were Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy, and Margaret of France, Duchess of Berry. She was a Hereditary Princess of Modena who died before her husband became Duke of Modena in 1628.

Emmanuel Philibert, Duke of Savoy
Emmanuel Philibert (Italian: Emanuele Filiberto; Piedmontese: Emanuel Filibert; 8 July 1528 – 30 August 1580), known as Testa di ferro (Piedmontese: Testa 'd fer; "Ironhead", because of his military career), was Duke of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 17 August 1553 until his death in 1580. He is notably remembered for restoring the Savoyard state, which had been occupied by France since his youth, following his triumph at the Battle of St. Quentin in 1557, and for transferring the capital to Turin.
Athenaeum Press
Athenæum Press is an historic building located at 215 First Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts. The structure occupies the entire block between First Street, Second Street, Athenæum Street, and Linskey Way, which was formerly known as Munroe Street. Topped by a statue of Athena sculpted by Adio diBiccari, the building is visible from the nearby Charles River and the Longfellow Bridge.

Longfellow Bridge
The Longfellow Bridge is a steel rib arch bridge spanning the Charles River to connect Boston's Beacon Hill neighborhood with the Kendall Square area of Cambridge, Massachusetts. The bridge carries Massachusetts Route 3, the MBTA Red Line, bicycle, and pedestrian traffic. The structure was originally known as the Cambridge Bridge, and a predecessor structure was known as the West Boston Bridge; Boston also continued to use "West Boston Bridge" officially for the new bridge. The bridge is also known to locals as the "Salt-and-Pepper Bridge" due to the shape of its central towers.

The bridge falls under the jurisdiction and oversight of the Massachusetts Department of Transportation (MassDOT). The bridge carries approximately 28,600 cars and 90,000 mass-transit passengers every weekday.  A portion of the MBTA subway's elevated Charles/MGH station lies at the eastern end of the bridge, which connects to Charles Circle.
A. C. Ewing
Alfred Cyril Ewing FBA (/ˈjuːɪŋ/ YOO-ing; 11 May 1899 – 14 May 1973) was an English philosopher who spent most of his career at the University of Cambridge. He was a prolific writer who made contributions to Kant scholarship, metaphysics, epistemology, ethics, and the philosophy of religion.

Wilfrid Sellars
Wilfrid Stalker Sellars (/ˈsɛlərz/; May 20, 1912 – July 2, 1989) was an American philosopher and prominent developer of critical realism who "revolutionized both the content and the method of philosophy in the United States". His work has had a profound impact in virtually all areas of analytic philosophy beginning in the latter half of the 20th century, including in epistemology, philosophy of language, philosophy of mind, philosophy of perception, and philosophy of science. His most notable contributions include his critique of foundationalist epistemology (the "Myth of the Given"), a synoptic philosophy aiming to unite what he called the manifest and scientific images, and an inferentialist account of meaning.
Deputy Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis
The Deputy Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis, commonly referred to simply as the Deputy Commissioner, is the second-in-command of London's Metropolitan Police Service. The rank is senior to assistant commissioner, but junior by one rank to commissioner. The deputy commissioner's salary from 1 September 2010 is £214,722, making them the second highest paid British police officer.

Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis
The Commissioner of Police of the Metropolis is the head of London's Metropolitan Police Service. Sir Mark Rowley was appointed to the post on 8 July 2022 after Dame Cressida Dick announced her resignation in February 2022.

The rank of Commissioner of the Metropolitan Police is generally regarded as the highest in British policing. Although authority is generally confined to the Metropolitan Police Service's area of operation, the Metropolitan Police District, the Metropolitan Police also has certain national responsibilities such as leading counter-terrorism policing and protection of the royal family and senior members of the government.

The commissioner is directly accountable to the Home Secretary, the Mayor's Office for Policing and Crime, and the mayor of London.
Gmina Załuski
Gmina Załuski is a rural gmina (administrative district) in Płońsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the village of Załuski, which lies approximately 17 kilometres (11 mi) south-east of Płońsk and 46 km (29 mi) north-west of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 111.65 square kilometres (43.1 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 5,431 (5,697 in 2013).

Płońsk County
Płońsk County (Polish: powiat płoński) is a unit of territorial administration and local government (powiat) in Masovian Voivodeship in east-central Poland. It came into being on 1 January 1999, as a result of the Polish local government reforms passed in 1998. Its administrative seat and largest town is Płońsk, which lies 63 km (39 mi) north-west of Warsaw.

The county covers an area of 1,380 km2 (530 sq mi), and consists of two urban and ten rural gminas. It is bordered by eight other counties of the Masovian voivodeship. As of 2019, the county had a population of 87,183 inhabitants, of which about 26,514 reside in the two urban areas of Płońsk and Raciąż.
Houseboat Horror
Houseboat Horror is a 1989 Australian slasher film that was shot on video, and then released to video in 1989. It is often described by critics and audiences as one of the worst Australian films ever made.

Houseboat
A houseboat is a boat that has been designed or modified to be used primarily for regular dwelling. Most houseboats are not motorized, as they are usually moored or kept stationary, fixed at a berth, and often tethered to land to provide utilities. However, many are capable of operation under their own power.

Houseboats are largely found on small inland rivers, lakes, and streams, and in coastal harbours, especially where there is good fishing, in many countries.
Marutham (film)
Marutham is a 2025 Indian Tamil-language thriller drama film written and directed by debutant V. Gajendran, starring Vidharth and Margazhi Thingal (2023) fame Rakshana in the lead roles. The film is produced by C. Venkatesan under his Aruvar Private Limited banner, while the technical team consists of cinematographer Arul K. Somasundharam, editor Chandru B and music composer N. R. Raghunanthan.

Marutham released in theatres on 10 October 2025.

Margazhi Thingal
Margazhi Thingal (transl. The Tamil month of Margazhi) is a 2023 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by Manoj Bharathiraja in his only movie as a director, as his father and produced by Suseenthiran. The film stars Bharathiraja, Suseenthiran, Shyam Selvan and Rakshana in the lead roles. It was released on 27 October 2023.
Iota Pictoris
ι Pictoris, Latinized from Iota Pictoris, is a suspected multiple star system in the southern Pictor constellation. It is visible to the naked eye as a dim, yellow-white-hued point of light with a combined apparent visual magnitude of 5.28. The two resolvable components have an angular separation of 8.2 arcseconds, equivalent to a physical projected separation of around 450 AU. They are located at a distance of around 127–131 light-years from the Sun, based on parallax.

The two visible components appear as F-type main-sequence stars: the magnitude 5.63 component A has a stellar classification of F0 V, while the cooler, fainter secondary is of class F4 V. Both are themselves are suspected spectroscopic binary stars consisting of roughly equal components. Component B actually has a higher estimated mass than Component A, although the radius of B is smaller. They are both more luminous than the Sun, and have an estimated age of around 500–600 million years.

F-type main-sequence star
An F-type main-sequence star is a main-sequence, core-hydrogen-fusing star of spectral type F. The spectral luminosity class is V. They have from around 1.1 to 1.6 times the mass of the Sun and surface temperatures between about 6,000 and 7,200 K. This temperature range gives the F-type stars a whitish hue when observed through the atmosphere. Notable examples include Procyon A, Gamma Virginis A and B, and Tabby's Star.
Rock, West Virginia
Rock is an unincorporated community in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. Rock is located along West Virginia Route 71, 2 miles (3.2 km) northeast of Montcalm. Rock has a post office with ZIP code 24747.

The community most likely took its name from a large rock formation near the original town site.

Montcalm, West Virginia
Montcalm is a census-designated place (CDP) in Mercer County, West Virginia, United States. The population was 575 at the 2020 census, down from 726 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Bluefield, WV-VA micropolitan area which has a population of 107,342. Residents of Montcalm are called Montcalmers.
Kåre Nymark
Kåre Nymark Jr. (born 22 July 1974 in Langevåg, Norway) is a Norwegian jazz trumpeter and composer, with experience in bands such as Nymark Collective, SKRUK, The Real Thing, Gumbo, Funky Butt, Jazzmob, and the Ytre Suløens Jass-ensemble (1992–2010), and with musicians such as Earle Hyman, Nils Petter Molvaer, Silje Nergaard, Tord Gustavsen, Kristin Asbjørnsen, Arve Henriksen, John Pål Inderberg, Henning Sommerro, Arne Domnerus and Morten Gunnar Larsen.

Silje Nergaard
Silje Nergaard (born 19 June 1966) is a Norwegian jazz vocalist and songwriter. She is one of the best-selling jazz artists on the official sales chart in Norway. She became known worldwide after the release of the international bestseller Tell Me Where You're Going featuring Pat Metheny on guitar.
Mill Creek (Wisconsin River tributary)
Mill Creek is a stream in the U.S. state of Wisconsin. It is a tributary to the Wisconsin River.

Mill Creek was named for the sawmills which once lined its banks. The native Chippewa-language name was Wau-pee-tee Se-be meaning "tooth river".

Wisconsin River
The Wisconsin River is the longest river in the U.S. state of Wisconsin, at approximately 430 miles (692 km) long. As a tributary of the Mississippi River, it is part of the Mississippi River System. The river's name was first recorded in 1673 by Jacques Marquette as "Meskousing" from his Indian guides - most likely Miami for "river running through a red place."

The river has been used for transportation, hunting, and fishing since prehistoric times. In the lumber industry, loggers used the upper reaches of the river and its tributaries to drive logs to their sawmills and the lower reaches to float rafts of sawn boards to markets as near as Portage and as far as St. Louis. Today, it is source of energy and tourism: dams along the river generate hydroelectric power, and people fish, boat, water-ski and sight-see on the river. It is home to many species of fish and other wildlife.
Pauline Kleingeld
Pauline Kleingeld (born 1962) is Professor of Philosophy at the University of Groningen, the Netherlands. She is known for her work in ethics and political philosophy, with an emphasis on Kant and Kantianism. In 2020 she was awarded the Spinoza Prize.

Spinoza Prize
The Spinoza Prize (Dutch: Spinozapremie) is an annual award of 1.5 million euro prize money, to be spent on new research given by the Dutch Research Council (NWO). The award is the highest scientific award in the Netherlands. It is named after the philosopher Baruch de Spinoza.

The prize is awarded to researchers in the Netherlands who belong to the best in their field. Academics can nominate each other and an international commission evaluates the submissions. It is sometimes referred to as the Dutch Nobel Prize.
Limousin
Limousin (French pronunciation: [limuzɛ̃] ⓘ; Occitan: Lemosin [lemuˈzi]) is a former administrative region of southwest-central France. Named after the old province of Limousin, the administrative region was founded in 1960. It comprised three departments: Corrèze, Creuse, and Haute-Vienne. On 1 January 2016, it became part of the new administrative region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.

Situated mostly in the west side of south-central French Massif Central, Limousin had (in 2010) 742,770 inhabitants spread out on nearly 17,000 km2 (6,600 square miles), making it the least populated region of metropolitan France.

Forming part of the southwest of the country, Limousin was bordered by the regions of Centre-Val de Loire to the north, Auvergne to the east, Midi-Pyrénées to the south, Aquitaine to the southwest, and Poitou-Charentes to the west. Limousin was also part of the larger historical Occitania region.

Haute-Vienne
Haute-Vienne (French: [ot vjɛn]; Occitan: Nauta Vinhana or Nauta Viena), also translated as Upper Vienne, is a department in the Nouvelle-Aquitaine region in southwest-central France. Named after the Vienne River, it is one of the twelve départements that together constitute Nouvelle-Aquitaine. The prefecture and largest city in the department is Limoges, the other towns in the department each having fewer than twenty thousand inhabitants. Haute-Vienne had a population of 372,359 in 2019.
Oxygen Thief
Oxygen Thief is an English solo musical project of Barry Dolan based in the city of Bristol. He has received national radio recognition and festival slots. Dolan also performs as the solo music project Non Canon.

2000trees
2000trees is an independent rock music festival held over three days at Upcote Farm, Withington, near Cheltenham in Gloucestershire, with a focus on upcoming and underground acts. It won the Grass Roots Festival Award at the UK Festival Awards 2010, 2013 and 2017 and the Best Medium-Sized UK Festival in 2018.
Saryaydyn
Saryaydyn (Kazakh: Сарыайдын) is a salt lake in Zhanakala District, West Kazakhstan Region, Kazakhstan.

The lake lies at the end of the course of the Maly Uzen, close to Zhanakazan (former Novaya Kazanka), and 54 kilometers (34 mi) southwest of Zhanakala, the capital of the district.

Zhanakala District
Zhanakala (Kazakh: Жаңақала ауданы, Jaŋaqala audany) is a district of West Kazakhstan Region in western Kazakhstan. The administrative center of the district is the selo of Zhanakala. Population: 23,742 (2013 estimate); 23,505 (2009 census results); 23,560 (1999 census results).
Non-histone protein
In chromatin, those proteins which remain after the histones have been removed, are classified as non-histone proteins.  The non-histone proteins, are a large group of heterogeneous proteins that play a role in organization and compaction of the chromosome into higher order structures. They play vital roles in regulating processes like nucleosome remodeling, DNA replication, RNA synthesis and processing, nuclear transport, steroid hormone action and interphase/mitosis transition.
Scaffold proteins, DNA polymerase, Heterochromatin Protein 1 and Polycomb are common non-histone proteins.  This classification group also includes numerous other structural, regulatory, and motor proteins. Non-histone proteins are acidic.

The methylation of non-histone proteins regulates responses to DNA damage including the modulation of DNA repair pathways in proliferating and post-mitotic neuronal cells. Such modulation likely has implications for neuronal function.

Methylation
Methylation, in the chemical sciences, is the addition of a methyl group on a substrate, or the substitution of an atom (or group) by a methyl group. Methylation is a form of alkylation, with a methyl group replacing a hydrogen atom.  These terms are commonly used in chemistry, biochemistry, soil science, and biology.

In biological systems, methylation is catalyzed by enzymes; such methylation can be involved in modification of heavy metals, regulation of gene expression, regulation of protein function, and RNA processing. In vitro methylation of tissue samples is also a way to reduce some histological staining artifacts. The reverse of methylation is demethylation.