hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Peierls transition
A Peierls transition or Peierls distortion is a distortion of the periodic lattice of a one-dimensional crystal.  Atomic positions oscillate, so that the perfect order of the 1-D crystal is broken. It is named after Rudolf Peierls.

Luttinger liquid
A Luttinger liquid, or Tomonaga–Luttinger liquid, is a theoretical model describing interacting electrons (or other fermions) in a one-dimensional conductor (e.g. quantum wires such as carbon nanotubes). Such a model is necessary as the commonly used Fermi liquid model breaks down for one dimension.

The Tomonaga–Luttinger's liquid was first proposed by Sin-Itiro Tomonaga in 1950. The model showed that under certain constraints, second-order interactions between electrons could be modelled as bosonic interactions. In 1963, J.M. Luttinger reformulated the theory in terms of Bloch sound waves and showed that the constraints proposed by Tomonaga were unnecessary in order to treat the second-order perturbations as bosons. But his solution of the model was incorrect; the correct solution was given by Daniel C. Mattis and Elliot H. Lieb in 1965.
Bandar Lampung
Bandar Lampung (/ˈbɑːndɑː ˈlæmpʌŋ/
BUN-dar-LUM-pung; Indonesian: Kota Bandar Lampung; Lampung: Kutak Bandarlampung; and formerly Dutch: Oosthaven, lit. 'Eastern Harbor') is the capital and largest city of the Indonesian province of Lampung. Located on the southern tip of Sumatra, Bandar Lampung was originally called Tanjungkarang–Telukbetung, since it was a unification of two major settlements in Lampung, before being renamed in 1983.

The city proper, together with South Lampung Regency (which borders the city on its northern and eastern sides) and Pesawaran Regency (which borders it on its western side), are major transmigration recipients. The city's area is about 183.77 km2. It had a census population of 881,801 in 2010 and 1,166,066 in 2020; the official estimate as of mid-2024 was 1,077,664 (comprising 543,865 males and 533,799 females).

Pesawaran Regency
Pesawaran Regency is a regency (kabupaten) of Lampung Province, Sumatra, Indonesia. It covers an area of 1,278.21 km2, and had a population of 398,848 at the 2010 Census and 477,468 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 494,183 (comprising 253,749 males and 240,434 females). The regency seat is the town of Gedung Tataan (sometimes written as "Gedong Tataan"). This regency was formerly part of South Lampung Regency from which it was separated on 17 July 2007.
Orlando Gray Wales
Orlando Gray Wales (also O.G. Wales; 1865 – December 30, 1933) was an American landscape painter and Pennsylvania impressionist who lived and painted in Allentown and the Lehigh Valley region of eastern Pennsylvania. Wales was considered to be one of the best still-life artists of his day.

Pennsylvania Impressionism
Pennsylvania Impressionism was an American Impressionist movement of the first half of the 20th century that was centered in and around Bucks County, Pennsylvania, particularly the town of New Hope. The movement is sometimes referred to as the "New Hope School" or the "Pennsylvania School" of landscape painting.
Cornuntum
Cornuntum is a genus of fungi in the Helotiales order. The relationship of this taxon to other taxa within the order is unknown (incertae sedis), and it has not yet been placed with certainty into any family. This is a monotypic genus, containing the single species Cornuntum fagineum.

Helotiales
Helotiales is an order of the class Leotiomycetes within the division Ascomycota. The taxonomy within Helotiales has been debated. It has expanded significantly as genomic techniques for taxonomical identification have become more commonly used. As of February 2020, the order is estimated to contain 30 accepted families, 519 genera, and 6266 species.

Helotiales is the largest order of non-stromatic discomycetes that usually, but not always, have brightly coloured apothecia. Many members of the family have obviously cup-shaped ascomata with little or no stipes. They are usually found fruiting on coarse or large wood debris as well as on other organic matter.
Part of these discomycetes are limited to a specific host range, this goes as far as to not just being limited to one particular plant, additionally 
some species need a particular part of that plant.
2003 Torneo di Viareggio
The 2003 winners of the Torneo di Viareggio (in English, the Viareggio Tournament, officially the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale), the annual youth football tournament held in Viareggio, Tuscany, are listed below.

Torneo di Viareggio
The Torneo di Viareggio (English: Viareggio Tournament), officially named the Viareggio Cup World Football Tournament Coppa Carnevale, is a youth association football tournament held annually in the commune of Viareggio, Italy and its surrounding areas. Established in 1949, the Torneo di Viareggio is considered one of the most important youth football tournaments in the world.

It coincides with the Carnival of Viareggio, starting on the third Monday of Carneval. The tournament runs for a fortnight, and finishes on the last Monday of Carnival. For this reason, it is also known as Coppa Carnevale (English: Carnival Cup).
2011 Aegon GB Pro-Series Barnstaple
The 2011 Aegon GB Pro-Series Barnstaple was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Barnstaple, Great Britain between 23 and 29 October 2011.

Aegon GB Pro-Series Barnstaple
The Aegon GB Pro-Series Barnstaple was a tournament for professional female tennis players played on indoor hardcourts. The event was classified as a $25,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament. It was held in Barnstaple, England, from 2008 to 2015. In 2014 the event was downgraded from a $75K tournament to a $25K.
Televisora de Oriente
Televisora de Oriente, or TVO, is a Venezuelan private television channel founded in 1992. The station are located in Puerto La Cruz and the signal can be seen in the Venezuelan states of Anzoátegui (channels 5 and 13), Monagas (channel 32), Nueva Esparta (channel 8), and Sucre (channel 8).  Some people in the Miranda and Guárico states can also pick up the signal of TVO. It began broadcasting in 1992.

Puerto La Cruz
Puerto La Cruz (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpweɾto la ˈkɾus]) is a port city located in Anzoátegui State, in Venezuela. It is the seat of the Juan Antonio Sotillo Municipality. The city has road connections to the state capital, Barcelona, to Lecheria and to Guanta.
The Bemidji Pioneer
The Bemidji Pioneer is an American, English language newspaper headquartered in Bemidji, Beltrami County, Minnesota.  It was founded in 1896 and is currently owned by the Forum Communications Company out of Fargo, North Dakota.

The Bemidji Pioneer provides news coverage through an online news website, a twice-weekly print edition and a daily e-paper edition available online or through an app.

Bemidji, Minnesota
Bemidji (/bəˈmɪdʒiː/ bə-MIJ-ee) is a city in and the county seat of Beltrami County, in northern Minnesota, United States. The population was 14,574 at the 2020 census. According to 2022 census estimates, the city is estimated to have a population of 15,946, making it the largest commercial center between Grand Forks, North Dakota and Duluth.

As a central city for three Indian reservations, Bemidji is the site of many Native American services, including the Indian Health Service. Near Bemidji are the Red Lake Indian Reservation, White Earth Indian Reservation, and the Leech Lake Indian Reservation. Bemidji lies on the southwest shore of Lake Bemidji, the northernmost lake feeding the Mississippi River; it is nicknamed "The First City on the Mississippi". Bemidji is also the self-proclaimed "curling capital" of the U.S. and the alleged birthplace of legendary Paul Bunyan.
2020 African Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships
The 2020 African Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships also known as The 15th African Championships was held from 10 to 15 March 2020 in Sharm El Sheikh, Egypt. This was the second time that the African Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships were hosted by Egypt. These championships are organized in conjunction with the African Aerobic Gymnastics Championships.

African Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships
The African Rhythmic Gymnastics Championships is a continental sports rhythmic gymnastics competition held every two years from 2000 to 2006, then annually from 2009 and organized by African Gymnastics Association.
V1017 Sagittarii
V1017 Sagittarii is a cataclysmic variable star system in the constellation Sagittarius. Ida E. Woods discovered the star on Harvard College Observatory photographic plates, in 1919. During that eruption, the star reached magnitude 7. Its other eruptions in 1901, 1973 and 1991 only reached magnitude 10, leading it to be reclassified from a recurrent nova to a dwarf nova.

After the eruption of 1919, the orbital period of the binary system has decreased by 0.0273±0.0061%, to the 5.786290±0.000032 days. Physical models cannot explain the orbital change of such sign and magnitude as in 2019.

Sagittarius (constellation)
Sagittarius is one of the constellations of the zodiac and is located in the Southern celestial hemisphere.   It is one of the 48 constellations listed by the 2nd-century astronomer Ptolemy and remains one of the 88 modern constellations. Its old astronomical symbol is  (♐︎). Its name is Latin for "archer". Sagittarius is commonly represented as a centaur drawing a bow.  It lies between Scorpius and Ophiuchus to the west and Capricornus and Microscopium to the east.

The center of the Milky Way lies in the westernmost part of Sagittarius (see Sagittarius A).
San Juan Islander
The San Juan Islander (originally the Islander) was a weekly newspaper published every Thursday that covered the San Juan Islands community in Friday Harbor, Washington. Because the San Juan Island community consisted of mostly farmers and fishermen, the newspaper focused on commodity prices, agricultural production, and movements of nearby shipping vessels. Under the name The Islander, the paper was published by James Cooper Wheeler from 1891 to 1899 before being bought by Fred and Otis Culver, who changed its name. The paper was eventually sold to John N. Dickie in 1913 and finally ceased production in 1914. The paper continued to be produced under the name the San Juan Islander from Feb. 24, 1898 to 1914.

The website of the same name has been online since about 1999, and does not appear to have any connection to the original newspaper.

San Juan Islands
The San Juan Islands are part of an archipelago in the Pacific Northwest of the United States between the U.S. state of Washington and Vancouver Island, British Columbia, Canada. The San Juan Islands are part of Washington state, and form the core of San Juan County.

In the archipelago, four islands are accessible to vehicular and foot traffic via the Washington State Ferries system.
Wyuka Cemetery
Wyuka Cemetery is the largest cemetery in Lincoln, Nebraska.

In 1890, Lincoln's Bnai Jeshurun Congregation, a Reform congregation, began using a section of Wyuka. In 2007, the Nebraska Holocaust Memorial was established at Wyuka Cemetery.

Temple of Congregation B'nai Jeshurun
Temple of Congregation B'nai Jeshurun, also known as South Street Temple, is an historic Reform Jewish congregation and synagogue located at 2061 South 20th Street, on the corner of Twentieth Street, in Lincoln, Nebraska, in the United States.

Founded in 1885,  When it was built in 1923–1924, it replaced the old synagogue at 12th and D Streets completed in 1893. The main structure was designed in the Byzantine Revival and Moorish Revival styles by Davis & Wilson, and Meyer G. Gaba, a professor of mathematics at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln and congregant, designed the dome. Inside, the arch was designed by wood-carver Keats Lorenz. The first rabbi was Solomon Elihu Starrels.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on June 25, 1982.
Flabellimycena
Flabellimycena is a fungal genus in the family Mycenaceae. The genus is monotypic, containing the single South American species Flabellimycena flava. The genus was described by Canadian mycologist Scott Redhead in 1984.

Mycenaceae
The Mycenaceae are a family of fungi in the order Agaricales. According to the Dictionary of the Fungi (10th edition, 2008), the family contains 10 genera and 705 species. This is one of several families that were separated from the Tricholomataceae as a result of phylogenetic analyses. Taxa in the Mycenaceae are saprobic, have a cosmopolitan distribution, and are found in almost all ecological zones. The family was circumscribed by Caspar van Overeem in 1926.

The extinct genus Protomycena, described from Burdigalian age Dominican amber found on the island of Hispaniola is one of four known agaric genera in the fossil record.
Çatalyurt, Ömerli
Çatalyurt (Kurdish: Kurka Metîna) is a neighbourhood in the municipality and district of Ömerli, Mardin Province in Turkey. The village is populated by Kurds of the Omerkan tribe and had a population of 61 in 2021.

Ömerli, Mardin
Ömerli (Arabic: معسرتي; Kurdish: Masertê; Syriac: ܡܥܨܪܬܗ, romanized: Maʿsarteh) is a municipality and district of Mardin Province, Turkey. Its area is 458 km2, and its population is 13,740 (2022). The town is mostly populated by Kurds of the Bilikan tribe and Mhallamis. Other groups in the town include Kurds from other tribes, Arabs, few Syriacs and Georgians, and civil servants of Turkish roots. It is located in the historic region of Tur Abdin.
2016–17 Championnat de France Amateur 2
The 2016–17 Championnat de France Amateur 2 will be the 19th season of the fifth tier in the French football league system in its current format. The competition will be contested by 112 clubs split geographically across 8 groups of 14 teams each. The teams include amateur clubs (although a few are semi-professional) and the reserve teams of professional clubs.

SC Toulon
Sporting Club Toulon is a football club from Toulon, France, that plays in the Championnat National 2, the fourth tier of the French football league system. The club was founded in 1944 and played under that name until the 1999–2000 season when they were administratively reformed as Sporting Toulon Var. In 2016, Sporting Toulon Var merged with SC Toulon-Le Las to become Sporting Club Toulon once again.
Trespasser
In the law of tort, property, and criminal law a trespasser is a person who commits the act of trespassing on a property, that is, without the permission of the owner. Being present on land as a trespasser thereto creates liability in the trespasser, so long as the trespass is intentional. At the same time, the status of a visitor as a trespasser (as opposed to an invitee or a licensee) defines the legal rights of the visitor if they are injured due to the negligence of the property owner.

Negligence
Negligence (Latin: negligentia) is a failure to exercise appropriate care expected to be exercised in similar circumstances.

Within the scope of tort law, negligence pertains to harm caused by the violation of a duty of care through a negligent act or failure to act. The concept of negligence is linked to the obligation of individuals to exercise reasonable care in their actions and to consider foreseeable harm that their conduct might cause to other people or property. The elements of a negligence claim include the duty to act or refrain from action, breach of that duty, actual and proximate cause of harm, and damages. Someone who suffers loss caused by another's negligence may be able to sue for damages to compensate for their harm. Such loss may include physical injury, harm to property, psychiatric illness, or economic loss.
Katie Feenstra-Mattera
Katharen Ruth Mattera (née Feenstra; born November 17, 1982) is an American college basketball coach and former player for the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA).

Mattera is one of the tallest players in WNBA history. At 6 feet 7.5 inches (2.02 m) tall, she is the ninth-tallest person to have played professionally in the WNBA. Only Margo Dydek, at 7 ft 2 in (2.18 m), Han Xu, at 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m), Bernadett Határ, at 6 ft 10.5 in (2.1 m), and Lindsay Taylor, Zheng Haixia, Maria Stepanova, Liz Cambage, and Brittney Griner, each at 6 ft 8 in (2.03 m), are taller than her.

Han Xu (basketball)
Han Xu (simplified Chinese: 韩旭; traditional Chinese: 韓旭; pinyin: Hán xù; born 31 October 1999) is a Chinese professional basketball player for the Perth Lynx of the Women's National Basketball League (WNBL). Han was drafted by the New York Liberty with the 14th overall pick in the 2019 WNBA draft. She represents the China women's national basketball team.
Alexandria International 2015
The Alexandria International 2015 is the women's edition of the 2015 Alexandria International, which is a tournament of the PSA World Tour event International (Prize money : 100 000 $). The event took place at the Library of Alexandria in Alexandria in Egypt from 4 June to 10 June. Raneem El Weleily won her first Alexandria International trophy, beating Omneya Abdel Kawy in the final.

2015–16 PSA World Tour
The PSA World Tour 2015 is the international squash tour organised circuit organized by the Professional Squash Association (PSA) for the 2015 men's and women's squash season. The most important tournament in the series is the World Championship held in Bellevue, Washington in the United States. The tour features three categories of regular events, World Series, which feature the highest prize money and the best fields, International and Challenger.

In November 2014, the Women's Squash Association and the Professional Squash Association announced a historic merge between the two associations. A decision was reached that will see the Professional Squash Association operate as the governing body for both the women's and men's ranks from January 1, 2015.
Sulawesi palm civet
The Sulawesi palm civet (Macrogalidia musschenbroekii), also known as Sulawesi civet, musang and brown palm civet is a little-known viverrid endemic to Sulawesi. It is listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List due to population decline estimated to have been more than 30% over the last three generations (suspected to be 15 years) inferred from habitat destruction and degradation.

Macrogalidia is a monospecific genus. It is the only carnivoran native to Sulawesi.

Viverridae
Viverridae is a family of small to medium-sized feliform mammals, comprising 14 genera with 33 species. This family was named and first described by John Edward Gray in 1821. Viverrids occur all over Africa, in southern Europe, and in South and Southeast Asia on both sides of the Wallace Line.

The species of the subfamily Genettinae are known as genets and oyans. The viverrids of the subfamily Viverrinae are commonly called civets; the Paradoxurinae and most Hemigalinae species are called palm civets.
2016 RC Hotel Open
The 2016 RC Hotel Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2016 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Jönköping, Sweden between 7 and 13 March 2016.

2016 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2016, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2016 ATP Challenger Tour calendar contained 166 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $40,000 up to $125,000. It was the 39th edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 8th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Hazara Restaurant
Hazara Restaurant was a restaurant in Hazara Town situated in the outskirts of Quetta, in Balochistan, Pakistan. It was founded in 2017 by Hamida Ali Hazara, who is also the founder of Hurmatty Niswa Foundation, a non-profit organization geared towards helping Hazara women.

The restaurant was closed in 2018.

Hazara Town
Hazara Town  (Urdu: ہزارہ ٹاؤن, Hazaragi: آزره ټاون, Dari: شهرک هزاره) is a lower- to middle-income area on the western outskirts of Quetta, Pakistan, of which almost all the residents are ethnic Hazaras, with a small population of Pashtuns and Baloch.

Hazara Town encompasses nine blocks, beginning at Brewery Road near Bolan Medical College and continuing to Kirani road.
Cosmopolitan Club (New York City)
The Cosmopolitan Club is a private members' club on the Upper East Side of Manhattan in New York City, New York, United States. Located at 122 East 66th Street, east of Park Avenue, it has been since its founding a women's club. Members have included Willa Cather, Ellen Glasgow, Eleanor Roosevelt, Jean Stafford, Helen Hayes, Pearl Buck, Marian Anderson, Margaret Mead, and Abby Aldrich Rockefeller.

The Cosmopolitan Club has EIN 13-0603250 under 501(c)(7) Social and Recreation Clubs; in 2024 it claimed total revenue of $11,434,225 and total assets of $28,352,899.

Park Avenue
Park Avenue is a boulevard in New York City that carries north and southbound traffic in the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx. For most of the road's length in Manhattan, it runs parallel to Madison Avenue to the west and Lexington Avenue to the east. Park Avenue's entire length was formerly called Fourth Avenue; the title still applies to the section between Cooper Square and 14th Street. The avenue is called Union Square East between 14th and 17th streets, and Park Avenue South between 17th and 32nd streets.
Korean War order of battle: United States Air Force
The Korean War (25 June 1950 – 27 July 1953) was significant in the fact that it was the first war in which the newly independent United States Air Force was involved.

It was the first time U.S. jet aircraft entered into battle. Designed as a direct response to the Soviet MiG-15, the F-86 Sabre jets effectively countered these aircraft, tactics, and, on some occasions, pilots of the Soviet 64th Fighter Aviation Corps. World War II-era prop-driven P-51D Mustangs were pressed into the ground-air support role, and large formations of B-29 Superfortress bombers flew for the last time on strategic bombardment missions. The Korean War also saw the first large-scale use of rotary-wing helicopters.

The US suffered 4,055 service personnel killed and 2,714 aircraft lost with the USAF suffering 1,841 battle casualties, of which 1,180 were killed in action.

Douglas A-26 Invader
The Douglas A-26 Invader (designated B-26 between 1948 and 1965) is an American twin-engined light bomber and ground attack aircraft. Built by Douglas Aircraft Company during World War II, the Invader also saw service during several major Cold War conflicts. A limited number of highly modified United States Air Force aircraft served in Southeast Asia until 1969. It was a fast aircraft capable of carrying a large bomb load. A range of guns could be fitted to produce a formidable ground-attack aircraft.

A redesignation of the type from A-26 to B-26 has led to confusion with the earlier and unrelated medium bomber Martin B-26 Marauder, which had already been withdrawn from service when the designation was reused.
Romanoro
Romanoro is a small hamlet in the province of Modena in central Italy, administratively a frazione
of Frassinoro. It is about 700 metres (2,300 ft) above sea level.

Right below the town flows the Dolo mountain stream. A dam exists at the top of Fontanaluccia, that deviates part of the water about 16 km (9.9 mi) downward to the hydroelectric power plant located in the nearby Farneta.

Frassinoro
Frassinoro (Frignanese: Frasnôr) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Modena in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 70 kilometres (43 mi) southwest of Bologna and about 50 kilometres (31 mi) southwest of Modena.