hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Thorns, spines, and prickles
In plant morphology, thorns, spines, and prickles, and in general spinose structures (sometimes called spinose teeth or spinose apical processes), are hard, rigid extensions or modifications of leaves, roots, stems, or buds with sharp, stiff ends, and generally serve the same function: physically defending plants against herbivory.

Plant morphology
Plant morphology or phytomorphology is the study of the physical form and external structure of plants. This is usually considered distinct from plant anatomy, which is the study of the internal structure of plants, especially at the microscopic level. Plant morphology is useful in the visual identification of plants. Recent studies in molecular biology started to investigate the molecular processes involved in determining the conservation and diversification of plant morphologies. In these studies, transcriptome conservation patterns were found to mark crucial ontogenetic transitions during the plant life cycle which may result in evolutionary constraints limiting diversification.
Mount English
Mount English is a 2,680-metre (8,793-foot) mountain summit located in the Gold Range of the Monashee Mountains of British Columbia, Canada. Situated 17 km (11 mi) southwest of Revelstoke, this peak is visible from the Trans-Canada Highway and Revelstoke Mountain Resort ski slopes. Neighbors include Mount Macpherson 8 km (5.0 mi) to the northeast, Mount Tilley 5 km (3.1 mi) to the east, and Mount Begbie is 8 km (5.0 mi) to the east. Precipitation runoff from Mount English drains into tributaries of the Eagle River. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises 1,540 m (5,050 ft) above Wap Creek in 3 km (1.9 mi).

Gold Range
The Gold Range is a subrange of the Monashee Mountains in the southern British Columbia Interior.  This range originally applied to all of the Monashees between the Arrow Lakes and the Okanagan but today only applies to a narrow stretch of the Monashee Mountains' eastern flank adjoining Upper Arrow Lake, west of the upper Shuswap River.
2014 Football League play-offs
The Football League play-offs for the 2013–14 season  (referred to as the Sky Bet Play-Offs for sponsorship reasons) were held in May 2014 with all finals being staged at Wembley Stadium in London.

The play-offs began at the semi-final stage with all semi-finals being played over two legs, contested by the teams who finished in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th place in the Football League Championship and League One and the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th-placed teams in the League Two table. The winners of the semi-finals then advanced to the finals, with the winner of the final gaining promotion for the following season.

2013–14 Football League One
The 2013–14 Football League One (referred to as Sky Bet League One for sponsorship reasons) is the tenth season of the league under its current title and twenty-first season under its current league division format. The season began on 2 August 2013 and finished on 3 May 2014 with all matches that day kicking off simultaneously.

Of the 24 teams which participate, seventeen of these remain following the 2012–13 Football League One. They are joined by three teams from 2012–13 Football League Championship, and four teams from the 2012–13 Football League Two.
Thornton Bay
Thornton Bay is a settlement on the west coast of the Coromandel Peninsula of New Zealand, between Te Puru to the north and Whakatete Bay to the south. State Highway 25 runs through it.  Ngarimu Bay immediately to the south is considered to be part of the same urban area by Statistics New Zealand.

Thornton's Bay was named for R. Thornton, an orchardist who settled in the area in 1890. Ngarimu Bay is named after Moana-Nui-a-Kiwa Ngarimu, the first Māori person to be awarded the Victoria Cross.

Coromandel Peninsula
36°50′S 175°35′E﻿ / ﻿36.833°S 175.583°E﻿ / -36.833; 175.583

The Coromandel Peninsula (Māori: Te Tara-o-te-Ika-a-Māui) on the North Island of New Zealand extends 85 kilometres (53 mi) north from the western end of the Bay of Plenty, forming a natural barrier protecting the Hauraki Gulf and the Firth of Thames in the west from the Pacific Ocean to the east. It is 40 kilometres (25 mi) wide at its broadest point. Almost its entire population lives on the narrow coastal strips fronting the Hauraki Gulf and the Bay of Plenty. In clear weather the peninsula is clearly visible from Auckland, the country's biggest city, which lies on the far shore of the Hauraki Gulf, 55 kilometres (34 mi) to the west. The peninsula is part of the Thames-Coromandel District and the Waikato Region.
Polikarpov R-5
The Polikarpov R-5 (Russian: Р-5) was a Soviet reconnaissance bomber aircraft of the 1930s. It was the standard light bomber and reconnaissance aircraft of the Soviet Air Force for much of the 1930s, while also being used heavily as a civilian light transport, some 7,000 being built in total.

Mongolian People's Army
The Mongolian People's Army (Mongolian: Монголын Ардын Арми, romanized: Mongolyn Ardyn armi, Mongolian pronunciation: [mɔŋɡ(ə)ɮɨŋ ɑrdɨŋ armi]), also known as the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Army (Mongolian: Монгол Ардын Хувьсгалт Цэрэг) or the Mongolian Red Army (Mongolian: Монгол Улаан армийн), was an institution of the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party constituting as the armed forces of the Mongolian People's Republic. It was established on 18 March 1921 as a secondary army under Soviet Red Army command during the 1920s and during World War II. In 1992, the army's structure changed and then reorganized and renamed as the Mongolian Armed Forces.
Prästö, Åland
Prästö (lit. 'Priest Island') is an island in the municipality of Sund in Åland, Finland. It is connected to the Åland Mainland by the Bomarsund Bridge crossing the narrow Bomarsund Strait. Prästö is located next to the ruins of the Bomarsund Fortress, the place of the 1856 Crimean War Battle of Bomarsund. The island is known of its rich military history, especially of the six Russian military cemeteries established in the 19th century. Because of the graveyards, Prästö was once known as the ″Island of the Dead″.

The island hosts a campsite and two museums showing the history of Prästö and the Bomarsund Fortress.

Fasta Åland
Fasta Åland (Finnish: Manner-Ahvenanmaa or Ahvenanmanner, meaning mainland Åland) is the largest and most populous island of Åland, an autonomous province of Finland. The island is home to the provincial capital Mariehamn. About ninety percent of the archipelago's population lives on Fasta Åland. Its area is difficult to estimate due to its irregular shape and coastline, but estimates range from 740 square kilometres (290 sq mi) to 879 square kilometres (339 sq mi) to over 1,010 square kilometres (390 sq mi), depending on what is included or excluded. Even at the minimum estimate, Fasta Åland is Finland's largest and most populous island, with about 27,000 people. Its highest point is 129 metres (423 feet).

On the east side of Fasta Åland is a large bay, Lumparn, which is now believed to be the impact crater from a meteorite impact about one billion years ago.
2019 in Latin music
The following is a list of events and releases that happened in 2019 in Latin music. The list covers events and releases from Latin regions from the Spanish- and Portuguese-speaking areas of Latin America and the Iberian Peninsula.

2019 Billboard Music Awards
The 2019 Billboard Music Awards ceremony was held at the MGM Grand Garden Arena in Las Vegas, Nevada on May 1, 2019. It aired live on NBC and was hosted by Kelly Clarkson for a second year in a row. The list of nominees  were announced on April 4, 2019. Mariah Carey received the Icon Award during the show.
Kadachira Sri Thrikkapalam Siva Temple
Kadachira Sri Thrikkapalam Siva Temple, an ancient Hindu temple dedicated to Lord Shiva is situated on the banks of the Anjarakandi River at Peralassery of Kannur District in Kerala state in India.

The temple is the abode of Dakshinamurthy (is an aspect of the Lord Shiva as a guru/teacher of all types of knowledge). The unique feature of the temple is that there are two idols of equally important in two facets. The both deity of Thrikkapalam temple is Dakshinamurthy and are located in separate sanctum sanctorums facing east. According to folklore, sage Parasurama has installed the idol and the temple is a part of the 108 famous Shiva temples in Kerala. This is one of the three Thrikkapaleeswaram temples mentioned in 108 Shiva temples sothram and other two temples situated in Niranam (Niranam Thrikkapaleeswaram Dakshinamurthy Temple) in Pathanamthitta district and Nadapuram (Nadapuram Iringannur Siva Temple) in Kozhikode district.

Dakshinamurti
Dakshinamurti (Sanskrit: दक्षिणामूर्ति, romanized: Dakṣiṇāmūrti) is an aspect of the Hindu god Shiva as a guru (teacher). He is regarded to be the personification of the supreme or the ultimate awareness, understanding, and knowledge. Dakshinamurti represents Shiva as a teacher of yoga, music, and wisdom, offering an exposition of the Shastras. He is worshipped as the god of wisdom and meditation.
Eta (airship)
The Eta airship was a British airship built in 1913 for the British Army and later the Royal Navy.

Eta was completed in August 1913, the last airship to be built for the British Army. It was smaller than its predecessor, Delta, with a capacity of 118,000 cubic feet. An improvement was the method of securing the gondola, whose six suspension cables were repeatedly divided so that thirty-six cables were actually attached to the envelope by redesigned patches. It carried a crew of five and was driven by a pair of 80 horse-power  Canton-Unné engines. She was commanded by The Hon. Claud Maitland Patrick Brabazon of the military wing of the Royal Flying Corps.
When the army abandoned airships on 1 January 1914, Eta was transferred to the Royal Navy (RN) and given the designation His Majesty's Airship No.20.

Delta (airship)
Delta was a British airship built for initially the British Army and later acquired by the Royal Navy (RN).

When the British Army abandoned airships in January 1914, Delta was sold to the Royal Navy and given the designation HMA No.19.
2024 Tour de Hongrie
The 2024 Tour de Hongrie was the 45th edition of the Tour de Hongrie, which took place between 8 and 12 May 2024. It was the tenth edition since the race's revival in 2015, and was rated as a 2.Pro-category event as part of the 2024 UCI ProSeries.

Hungarian Cycling Federation
The Hungarian Cycling Federation or MKSZ (in Hungarian: Magyar Kerékpáros Szövetség, pronounced [ˈmɒɟɒr ˈkɛreːkpaːroʃ ˈsøvɛt͡ʃːeːɡ]) is the national governing body of cycle racing in Hungary. It was established on 3 May 1894 by 6 clubs: Budai Kerékpár Egyesület, Budapesti Kerékpár Egyesület, Budapesti Torna Klub, Hunnia Bicycle Club, Magyar Testgyakorlók Köre, Nemzeti Kerékpár Egyesület.

The MKSZ is a member of the UCI and the UEC.
United States Potash Railroad
The United States Potash Railroad was a 3 ft (914 mm) narrow gauge railroad built in 1931 to carry potash from the mines to the mill at Loving, New Mexico where the Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Railroad had a spur that went out to the refinery to carry out the processed potash. The 16-mile (26 km) railroad was located at Loving, New Mexico, just east of Carlsbad, New Mexico, USA, and Carlsbad Caverns National Park.

Potash
Potash (/ˈpɒtæʃ/ POT-ash) are mined and manufactured salts that contain potassium in water-soluble form. The term potash derives from pot ash, either plant ashes or wood ashes that were soaked in water in a pot, which was the primary means of manufacturing potash before the Industrial Era; the word potassium derives from the term potash.

In 2021, the worldwide production of potash exceeded 71.9 million tonnes (~45.4 million tonnes K2O equivalent), and Canada is the greatest producer of potash as fertilizer. Potassium was first derived in 1807 by electrolysis of caustic potash (potassium hydroxide).
George Hotel, Chepstow
The George Hotel, formerly The George Inn, is a public house and hotel in Chepstow, Monmouthshire, Wales. It is located next to the Chepstow Town Gate at the foot of Moor Street, and was once an important coaching inn.  Although there has been an inn on the site since 1620, the current building dates from 1899.

Chepstow Town Gate
The Town Gate at Chepstow, Monmouthshire, Wales, known locally as the Town Arch, was historically the only landward entrance to the town through the Port Wall, and a point where tolls for those resorting to the town and its market were collected.  It was originally built, with the wall, in the late thirteenth century.  The current archway mainly dates from the sixteenth century, but has been restored and partly rebuilt on several occasions.  It is located at the western end of the town's High Street, and is a Grade I listed building.
Korean phonology
The phonology of the Korean language covers the language's distinct, meaningful sounds (19 consonants and 7 vowels in the standard Seoul dialect) and the rules governing how those sounds interact with each other. This article is a technical description of the phonetics and phonology of Korean. Unless otherwise noted, statements in this article refer to the South Korean standard language based on the Seoul dialect.

Voice onset time
In phonetics, voice onset time (VOT) is a feature of the production of stop consonants. It is defined as the length of time that passes between the release of a stop consonant and the onset of voicing, the vibration of the vocal folds, or, according to other authors, periodicity. Some authors allow negative values to mark voicing that begins during the period of articulatory closure for the consonant and continues in the release, for those unaspirated voiced stops in which there is no voicing present at the instant of articulatory closure.
Hovhannes Nazaryan
Hovhannes Nazaryan (Armenian: Հովհաննես Նազարյան, born 11 March 1998) is an Armenian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back is currently a free agent. He plays for the Armenia national team.

Armenia national under-21 football team
The Armenia national under-21 football team is the youth football team of Armenia. The team is based mostly on the young players from the league and competes every two years in order to qualify for the European Under-21 Football Championship. The team played its first match in 1994, Armenia having until 1992 been part of the Soviet Union.
Allan Slab Hut
Allan Slab Hut is a heritage-listed slab hut at Warrah Road, Duckinwilla, Fraser Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. It was built c. 1900. It is also known as Price Property. It was added to the Queensland Heritage Register on 28 April 2000.

Fraser Coast Region
The Fraser Coast Region is a local government area in the Wide Bay–Burnett region of Queensland, Australia, about 250 kilometres (160 mi) north of Brisbane, the state capital. It is centred on the twin cities of Hervey Bay and Maryborough and also contains K'gari. It was created in 2008 from a merger of the Cities of Maryborough and Hervey Bay and the Shires of Woocoo and most of Tiaro.

The resident population at the 2021 census was 111,032 and the estimated population in 2023 was 117,940.

The 2024–2025 budget of the Fraser Coast Regional Council is $477 million.
Four in One (Sphere album)
Four in One (subtitled A Tribute to Thelonious Monk) is the debut album by the group Sphere featuring  pianist Kenny Barron, bassist Buster Williams, and Monk's former drummer Ben Riley, and his former saxophonist Charlie Rouse. The album was released by the Elektra/Musician label. Four in One was coincidentally recorded on the day of Monk's death in 1982, though the musicians were unaware of Monk's death during the recording session and had not planned the album as a memorial tribute.

Elektra/Musician
Elektra/Musician was a jazz record label founded as a subsidiary of Elektra Records in 1982. The label was headed by Bruce Lundvall and released its first batch of albums on February 12, 1982. The label ceased when Lundvall left Elektra to start EMI's Manhattan Records in 1984. Elektra unsuccessfully attempted to revive the Elektra/Musician label in the late 1980s with acts such as the Gipsy Kings, but the label was eventually absorbed by Nonesuch Records, which also absorbed the label's earlier iteration in 1984.

Elektra/Musician released albums by Joe Albany, Bill Evans, Dexter Gordon, Charles Lloyd, Bobby McFerrin, Woody Shaw, Sphere, Steps Ahead, and McCoy Tyner.
PriPara Minna no Akogare Let's Go PriPari
PriPara Minna no Akogare Let's Go PriPari  (プリパラ　み～んなのあこがれ♪レッツゴー☆プリパリ) is a 2016 Japanese animated film directed by Makoto Moriwaki, written by Kazuyuki Fudeyasu and produced by Tatsunoko Production. It is the third film in the film series based on the arcade game and anime television series PriPara. The film was released in Japan by Avex Pictures on March 12, 2016.

Iris (Japanese group)
Iris (stylized as i☆Ris) is a Japanese idol girl group, formed in 2012 by Avex. The group currently consists of five members: Saki Yamakita, Yū Serizawa, Himika Akaneya, Yuki Wakai, and Miyu Kubota. The leader is Saki Yamakita. In addition to their music career, all members are also active as voice actresses, most notably in the video game and anime series PriPara. The group has also performed themes for the anime series Wise Man's Grandchild, Magical Girl Site, Magical Sempai, and Twin Star Exorcists.
Nie Haisheng
Nie Haisheng (born 13 October 1964) is a major general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Strategic Support Force (PLASSF) in active service as an taikonaut and the third commander (unit chief) of the PLA Astronaut Corps (PLAAC). He was a PLA Air Force fighter pilot and director of navigation.

Nie flew on Shenzhou 6 and served as commander on both the Shenzhou 10 and Shenzhou 12 missions, the latter of which became the first crew to visit the Tiangong space station. In 2021, with a combined 111 days in space, he set a new record for longest stay in space by a Chinese astronaut, becoming the first to exceed 100 days and is one of only two Chinese astronauts to have flown three times.

People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps
The People's Liberation Army Astronaut Corps (PLAAC; Chinese: 中国人民解放军航天员大队), also known as the Chinese Astronaut Corps (Chinese: 中国航天员大队), is a Beijing-based deputy-corps grade People's Liberation Army Aerospace Force (PLAASF) and is responsible for the selection and training of the astronaut corps for Project 921, the Chinese manned space program.
Area codes 705, 249, and 683
Area codes 705, 249, and 683 are telephone area codes in the North American Numbering Plan (NANP) for most of northeastern and central Ontario in Canada. Area code 705 was created in a 1956 area code split from portions of the 613 and 519 numbering plan areas. After a reduction in geographic coverage in 1962, the numbering plan area was assigned a second area code, 249, in 2011 to form an overlay numbering plan. A third area code, 683, was added in June 2022.

Georgian Bay, Ontario
The Township of Georgian Bay is an area municipality of the District Municipality of Muskoka, in south-central Ontario, Canada. It is located on the Severn River, where it empties into the eponymous Georgian Bay. The municipal offices are at Port Severn.

This township is the administrative centre of the Moose Deer Point Ojibway First Nation reserve.
Alec G. Olson
Alec Gehard Olson (born September 11, 1930) is an American politician from the U.S. state of Minnesota who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for two terms representing Minnesota's 6th congressional district from 1963 to 1967, a member of the Minnesota Senate from 1969 to 1976, and served as the 40th Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota from 1976 to 1979.

Lieutenant Governor of Minnesota
The lieutenant governor of Minnesota is a constitutional officer in the executive branch of the U.S. state of Minnesota. Fifty individuals have held the office of lieutenant governor since statehood. The incumbent is Peggy Flanagan, a DFLer and the first Native American elected to a statewide executive office in Minnesota's history.
Spontaneous symmetry breaking
Spontaneous symmetry breaking is a spontaneous process of symmetry breaking, by which a physical system in a symmetric state spontaneously ends up in an asymmetric state. In particular, it can describe systems where the equations of motion or the Lagrangian obey symmetries, but the lowest-energy vacuum solutions do not exhibit that same symmetry. When the system goes to one of those vacuum solutions, the symmetry is broken for perturbations around that vacuum even though the entire Lagrangian retains that symmetry.

Space group
In mathematics, physics and chemistry, a space group is the symmetry group of a repeating pattern in space, usually in three dimensions. The elements of a space group (its symmetry operations) are the rigid transformations of the pattern that leave it unchanged. In three dimensions, space groups are classified into 219 distinct types, or 230 types if chiral copies are considered distinct. Space groups are discrete cocompact groups of isometries of an oriented Euclidean space in any number of dimensions. In dimensions other than 3, they are sometimes called Bieberbach groups.

In crystallography, space groups are also called the crystallographic or Fedorov groups, and represent a description of the symmetry of the crystal. A definitive source regarding 3-dimensional space groups is the International Tables for Crystallography Hahn (2002).
Socialism in Tunisia
Socialism in Tunisia or Tunisian socialism is a political philosophy that is shared by various political parties of the country. It has played a role in the country's history from the time of the Tunisian independence movement against France up through the Tunisian Revolution to the present day.

Ahmed Brahim (Tunisian politician)
Ahmed Brahim (Arabic: أحمد إبراهيم, ʾAḥmad Ibrāhīm; 14 June 1946 – 14 April 2016) was a Tunisian politician. He was the First Secretary of Ettajdid Movement and the leader of the Democratic Modernist Pole until April 2012, when his party merged into the Social Democratic Path of which he became the president. He was the Ettajdid Movement's candidate for President of Tunisia in the 2009 presidential election. A linguist by profession, he was a professor of French at Tunis University; his area of study was comparative linguistics.
2026 National Women's Futsal Championship
2026 National Women's Futsal Championship (Malay: Kejohanan Futsal Wanita Kebangsaan 2026) was the twelve season of the National Women's Futsal Championship, the Malaysian professional futsal league for association football clubs, specifically for women since its establishment in 2007. It is run by the Football Association of Malaysia. 8 teams compete in grouping round, divided into 2 groups.
Melaka are the defending champions.

Malaysia Premier Futsal League (women)
The National Women's Futsal Championship, previously known as the Malaysia Premier Futsal League (Wanita) is the top flight women's futsal league in Malaysia. The league is managed by the Football Association of Malaysia (FAM). The competition has been founded in 2007.
Red Mills Trial Hurdle
The Red Mills Trial Hurdle is a Grade 3 National Hunt hurdle race in Ireland. It is run at Gowran Park in February, over a distance of about 2 miles and during the race there are nine hurdles to be jumped. It was downgraded from Grade 2 to Grade 3 in 2017.

Gowran Park Racecourse
Gowran Park is a horse race course in County Kilkenny, Ireland. It is located in the Annely Estate near the village of Gowran. The first meeting was held in 1914. and the first ever racecourse commentary in Ireland took place here in 1952.

Gowran Park hosts 16 race days throughout the year with both National Hunt and  Flat meetings.

The racing season at Gowran Park has quality fixtures spread evenly throughout the year starting with the Thyestes Handicap Chase in January.