hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Düsseldorf–Elberfeld railway
The Düsseldorf–Elberfeld railway is a 27 km long main line railway in Germany, originally built by the Düsseldorf-Elberfeld Railway Company, connecting Düsseldorf and Elberfeld (now Wuppertal) via Erkrath, Hochdahl and Vohwinkel.  It is served by Regional Express, Regionalbahn and S-Bahn trains.

Düsseldorf-Derendorf–Dortmund Süd railway
The Düsseldorf-Derendorf–Dortmund Süd railway is a partially closed line in the German state of North Rhine-Westphalia from Düsseldorf-Derendorf station (formerly Düsseldorf RhE station) to Dortmund South station (formerly Dortmund RhE station). Parts of it are still busy, including two sections used for the Rhine-Ruhr S-Bahn.

Regionally, it is also called the Wuppertaler Nordbahn (Wuppertal Northern Railway), Düsseltalbahn (Düssel Valley railway) or simply the Rheinische Strecke (Rhenish line).
Mona and Monito Islands Nature Reserve
Mona and Monito Islands Nature Reserve (Spanish: Reserva Natural Islas Mona y Monito) consists of two islands, Mona and Monito, in the Mona Passage off western Puerto Rico in the Caribbean. Mona and Monito Islands Nature Reserve encompasses both land and marine area, and with an area of 38,893 acres it is the largest protected natural area in the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico (El Yunque National Forest, with 28,434 acres, is the largest in the main island of Puerto Rico). Much like the Galapagos Islands in the Pacific Ocean, the Mona and Monito Islands reserve represents a living laboratory for archaeological, biological, geological, oceanographical and wildlife management research.

Mona Passage
The Mona Passage (Spanish: Canal de la Mona) is a strait that separates the islands of Hispaniola and Puerto Rico in the Greater Antilles of the Caribbean region. Along with the Windward Passage between Hispaniola and Cuba, the approximately 80 miles (130 km) wide Mona Passage connects the North Atlantic Ocean to the Caribbean Sea, operating as an important shipping route between the North Atlantic and the Panama Canal. The passage is fraught with variable tidal currents created by the islands on either side of it, and by sand banks that extend out from both coasts.
Naeder Adet
Naeder Adet (Tigrinya: ናዕዴር ዓዴት) is a woreda in Tigray Region, Ethiopia. Part of the Maekelay Zone, Naeder Adet is bordered on the south by the Wari River which separates it from Kola Tembien, on the west by Semien Mi'irabawi (North Western) Zone, on the northwest by Tahtay Maychew, on the northeast by La'ilay Maychew, and on the east by Werie Lehe. The administrative center of this woreda is Semema; other towns in Naeder Adet include Edaga Selus and Mahbere Dego.

Tigrinya language
Tigrinya, sometimes romanized according to Italian spelling rules as Tigrigna, is an Ethio-Semitic language, which is a subgrouping within the Semitic branch of the Afroasiatic languages. It is primarily spoken by the Tigrinya and Tigrayan peoples, native to Eritrea and to the Tigray Region of Ethiopia, respectively. It is also spoken by the global diaspora of these regions.
ARCNET
Attached Resource Computer NETwork (ARCNET or ARCnet) is a communications protocol for local area networks. ARCNET was the first widely available networking system for microcomputers and it became popular in the 1980s for office automation tasks. It was later applied to embedded systems where certain features of the protocol are especially useful.

Systems Network Architecture
Systems Network Architecture (SNA) is IBM's proprietary networking architecture, created in 1974. It is a complete protocol stack for interconnecting computers and their resources. SNA describes formats and protocols but, in itself, is not a piece of software. The implementation of SNA takes the form of various communications packages, most notably Virtual Telecommunications Access Method (VTAM), the mainframe software package for SNA communications.
Ramsharan Darnal
Ramsharan Darnal (Nepali: रामशरण दर्नाल; 10 July 1937 – 18 September 2011) was a Nepalese ethnomusicologist best known for initiating and publicizing the study of music of different ethnic groups in Nepal.  He also played an important role in the popularization of a few western instruments in Nepal.

Mahendra of Nepal
Mahendra Bir Bikram Shah Dev (Nepali: महेन्द्र वीर विक्रम शाह देव; 11 June 1920 – 31 January 1972) was King of Nepal from 13 March 1955 until his death in 1972.

He led the 1960 coup d'état, in which he dismissed the government, jailed other political leaders, suspended the constitution, banned political parties, and established an autocratic royal regime. He ruled the country with his Panchayat system for 28 years, with the Panchayat system itself remaining until the introduction of multi-party democracy in 1990. During his reign, Nepal experienced a period of industrial, political and economic change which opened it to the rest of the world for the first time, after the 104-year-long reign of the Rana rulers, who kept the country under an isolationist policy, came to an end in 1951.
Xanthoparmelia biloelensis
Xanthoparmelia biloelensis is a rare species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling) foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. Described as a new species in 2004, it is known to occur only in its type locality near Biloela in Queensland, Australia.

Biloela
Biloela (/bɪloʊˈiːlə/ BIL-oh-EE-lə) is a rural town and locality in the Shire of Banana, Central Queensland, Australia. It is the administrative centre of the shire. In the 2021 census, the locality of Biloela had a population of 5,692.  The local high school won national fame on account of its dinosaur display and specimen with 66 footprints.
Macha Ibemma Khudithibi
Macha Ibemma Khudithibi (ꯃꯆꯥ ꯏꯕꯦꯝꯃ ꯈꯨꯗꯤꯊꯤꯕꯤ), also known as Macha Ebemma Khudithibi (MEK), is a goddess in Meitei mythology and traditional Meitei religion (Sanamahism) of ancient Kangleipak (early Manipur). She is a daughter of Oknarel and Khunbuleima (Khuningthou Tompokhanbi). Through her maternal ties, she is a granddaughter of the Khullakpa (Headman) of Sadu village.

She is traditionally venerated in the region surrounding Ningthoukhong in present-day Manipur, India.

Meitei mythology
Meitei mythology (or Manipuri mythology) (Meitei: Meitei Mi Lai Tingi Wari) is a collection of myths, belonging to the religious and cultural traditions of the Meitei people, the predominant ethnic group of Manipur. It is associated with traditional Meitei religion of Sanamahism. Meitei myths explain various natural phenomena, how human civilization developed, and the reasons of many events.
Open water swimming at the 2023 World Aquatics Championships – Mixed 4 × 1500 metre relay
The mixed 4 × 1500 metre relay event at the 2023 World Aquatics Championships was held on 20 July 2023 at the Seaside Momochi Beach Park in Fukuoka, Japan.

Spain led the early portions of the race with male swimmers, before being overtaken by Australia, who started with female swimmers. Australia's Kyle Lee led at the final changeover, after which he was overtaken by Italy's Gregorio Paltrinieri and Hungary's Dávid Betlehem. Paltrinieri and Betlehem raced for the gold and silver over the final leg.

Paltrinieri finished first for Italy with a time of 1:10:31.2, Hungary finished second with 1:10:35.3, and Australia finished third with 1:11:26.9, two tenths of a second ahead of Germany in fourth. It was the first time Italy had won an open water team event at the World Championships.

Kyle Lee
Kyle Lee (born 23 February 2002) is an Australian open water swimmer. At the 2022 World Aquatics Championships, he placed fifth in the 25 kilometre open water swim and eighth in the 5 kilometre open water swim. As part of the 2022 Marathon Swim World Series, he won two silver medals in the 4×1500 metre open water team relay. He is the 2022 Rottnest Channel Swim winner.
Ribeira Sacra (DO)
42°30′59″N 7°30′58″W﻿ / ﻿42.51639°N 7.51611°W﻿ / 42.51639; -7.51611

Ribeira Sacra is a Spanish Denominación de Origen Protegida (DOP) (Denominación de Orixe Protexida in Galician) for wines located in the south of the province of Lugo and in the north of the province of Ourense, in Galicia, Spain. It extends over the territories of 20 different municipalities that make up a zone also called Ribeira Sacra, which could be translated as "Sacred Riverbank". Vineyards are planted on the steep slopes of the valleys and canyons of the rivers Miño and Sil. The area acquired official Denominación de Origen status in 1996.

The region is known for red wines produced from Mencía and other grapes such as Merenzao and Brancellao, as well as white wines made from Godello, Albariño and Dona Branca.

Doña Blanca
Doña Blanca (Spanish "White Lady", also known as Dona Branca in Portuguese) is a white Spanish and Portuguese grape variety that is grown primarily in the northwest Galicia region of Spain and throughout Portugal from the Douro northward. The variety is a permitted grape in the Spanish Denominación de Origens (DOs) of Valdeorras and Monterrei in Galicia and Bierzo in nearby Castile and León. In Spain, the variety is known as Doña Blanca (except in Valdeorras, where it is primarily known as Valenciana), while in Portugal it goes mainly by the name Dona Branca. The grapes have thick skins, which do well in the wet maritime climate, but it can also impart some astringency and slight bitterness even with the briefest of skin contact during production due to the high proportion of polyphenols in the skin.
The Staircase (Mystery)
"The Staircase (Mystery)" is a song by English rock band Siouxsie and the Banshees, released as a stand-alone single on 23 March 1979 by Polydor Records. The track was written by Siouxsie Sioux, John McKay, Steven Severin and Kenny Morris, and was produced by Nils Stevenson.

The single's B-side is a cover of the 1973 T. Rex song "20th Century Boy".

Steven Severin
Steven John Bailey (born 25 September 1955), known as Steven Severin, is an English songwriter, composer, multi-instrumentalist and producer. He was the bassist of the rock band Siouxsie and the Banshees which he co-founded in 1976. He was also the co-founder of the short-lived band the Glove in 1983. He took the name "Severin" from the Leopold von Sacher-Masoch character who is mentioned in the Velvet Underground song "Venus in Furs". After the split of Siouxsie and the Banshees in 1996, Severin created his own label RE: and released several instrumental albums via his official website. In the late 2000s and the early 2010s, he regularly performed live in solo, playing music over footage of silent films.

As of 2026 he continues to record and regularly release albums.
Vigil (film)
Vigil is a 1984 New Zealand drama film directed by Vincent Ward and starring Penelope Stewart, Frank Whitten, Bill Kerr, Fiona Kay, and Gordon Shields. It was the first New Zealand film invited to play in the competitive section (for the Palme d'Or) of the  Cannes Film Festival.

1984 Cannes Film Festival
The 37th Cannes Film Festival took place from 11 to 23 May 1984. British actor Dirk Bogarde served as jury president for the main competition.

German filmmaker Wim Wenders won the Palme d'Or, the festival's top prize, for the drama film Paris, Texas.

During this festival, a private group, under the patronage of the festival's authorities, held a side event presenting film trailers. A French jury, presided by Saul Bass, awarded its Grand Prize to the trailer for Flashdance.

The festival opened with Fort Saganne by Alain Corneau and closed with The Bounty by Roger Donaldson.
Tom Green (attorney)
Thomas C. Green (born 1941) is an American defense attorney. He has represented American politicians against accusations in highly publicized cases. Clients have included Robert Mardian in the Watergate scandal, several government officials in the Whitewater scandal, Richard V. Secord in the Iran-Contra scandal, Sen. Donald Riegle while under investigations by the Senate Ethics Committee, and former U.S. House Speaker Dennis Hastert against allegations of personal misconduct.

Robert Mardian
Robert Charles Mardian (October 23, 1923 – July 17, 2006) was a United States Republican party official who served in the administration of Richard Nixon, and was embroiled in the Watergate scandal as one of the Watergate Seven who were indicted by a grand jury for campaign violations. His conviction for conspiracy was overturned because of procedural unfairness and he was not subsequently retried.
Carex montana
Carex montana, also called mountain or soft-leaved sedge, is a species of grass of the genus Carex. It is most commonly found in Europe and Central Russia.

It is native to most countries in Europe including the UK, Germany, France and Spain.

It is tolerant of alkaline soils and temperatures down to −23 °C.

Carex
Carex is a vast genus of over 2,000 species of grass-like plants in the family Cyperaceae, commonly known as sedges (or seg, in older books). Other members of the family Cyperaceae are also called sedges; however, those of genus Carex may be called true sedges. Carex is the most species-rich genus in the family. The study of Carex is known as caricology.
New Copper Penny
New Copper Penny was a nightclub located at the intersection of Southeast 92nd Avenue and Foster Road in Portland's Lents neighborhood, in the U.S. state of Oregon.

As of December 2016, the building has now been demolished to make way for re-development into apartments.

Lents, Portland, Oregon
The Lents neighborhood in the Southeast section of Portland, Oregon is bordered by SE Powell Blvd. on the north, the Clackamas County line or City of Portland line on the south (whichever is farther south), SE 82nd Ave. to the west, and roughly SE 112th on the east.  The NE corner overlaps with the Powellhurst-Gilbert neighborhood.  In addition to Powellhurst-Gilbert on the north and east, Lents also borders Foster-Powell, Mt. Scott-Arleta, and Brentwood-Darlington on the west and Pleasant Valley on the east.

The neighborhood is one of the larger in the city at 3.75 square miles (9.7 km2) and one of its oldest. Since the late 20th century, it has become more diverse, the home of many Asian, Russian/Eastern European, and Latino immigrants.

Lents is six miles (10 km) southeast of downtown Portland and lies within the 97266 ZIP code.
Lumbwa people
The Lumbwa (also Lumbua, Umpua, Humba and Wakwavi) were a pastoral community which inhabited southern Kenya and northern Tanzania. The term Lumbwa has variously referred to a Kalenjin-speaking community, portions of the Maa-speaking Loikop communities since (at least) the mid-19th century, and to the Kalenjin-speaking Kipsigis community for much of the late 19th to mid-20th centuries.

By the late-19th century, the term as an identity was largely out of use, but had taken on pejorative connotations of those who had abandoned pastoralism and war culture in exchange for agricultural lifestyle.

Loikop people
The Loikop people, also known as Wakuafi, Kor, Mu-Oko, Muoko/Ma-Uoko and Mwoko, were a tribal confederacy who inhabited present-day Kenya in the regions north and west of Mount Kenya and east and south of Lake Turkana. The area is roughly conterminous with Samburu and Laikipia Counties and portions of Baringo, Turkana and (possibly) Meru Counties. The group spoke a common tongue related to the Maasai language, and typically herded cattle. The Loikop occasionally interacted with the Cushitic, Bantu, and Chok peoples. The confederacy had dispersed by the 21st century.
Ivana Popović
Ivana Popović (Serbian Cyrillic: Ивана Поповић; born 20 February 1989) is a Serbian publisher, entrepreneur, and politician. She has served two terms in the Serbian national assembly and is now a state secretary in the ministry of agriculture, forestry, and water management. Popović is a member of the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS).

Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management (Serbia)
The Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry, and Water Management (Serbian: Министарство пољопривреде, шумарства и водопривреде, romanized: Ministarstvo poljoprivrede, šumarstva i vodoprivrede) is a ministry in the Government of Serbia which is in charge of agriculture, forestry, and water management. The current minister is Dragan Glamočić, who has been in office since 16 April 2025.
Stay with You (Goo Goo Dolls song)
"Stay with You" is a song recorded by the Goo Goo Dolls. It was released in April 2006 as the second single from their eighth studio album, Let Love In. The song is the second single released from the album, following "Better Days". It was released as a double A-side with a re-release of the band's signature song "Iris", originally from Dizzy Up the Girl. The single was certified Gold by the RIAA in October 2009.

Better Days (Goo Goo Dolls song)
"Better Days" is a song recorded by the Goo Goo Dolls. It was released in September 2005 as the first single off the album, Let Love In. The song peaked at number 36 on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart, and also rose up to number 3 on the Billboard Hot Adult Top 40 Tracks chart.
Domingo Francisco Sánchez
Domingo Francisco Sánchez Corvalán (20 March 1795 – 1 March 1870) was a Paraguayan politician and statesman who served as the Vice President of Paraguay during the administration of Francisco Solano López from 1865 to 1870. Sánchez was one of the few officials who worked in the administrations of Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia, Carlos Antonio López and Solano López.

On 1 March 1870, he died in combat with Brazilian soldiers at the Battle of Cerro Corá, the last battle of the Paraguayan War, alongside Solano López and Secretary of State Luis Caminos.

Carlos Antonio López
Carlos Antonio López Ynsfrán (4 November 1792 – 10 September 1862) was leader of Paraguay from 1841 to 1862. Under his presidency, he undertook a process of economic and political modernization for Paraguay, and ended the isolationist policies of Paraguay dictator José Gaspar Rodríguez de Francia.
Jeff Porter
Jeffrey Issack Porter (born November 27, 1985) is an American track and field athlete who competes in the 110-meter hurdles. He has a personal best of 13.08 seconds for the event. He gained a spot on the American Olympic team by coming third at the 2012 United States Olympic Trials.  He repeated his third place at the 2016 United States Olympic Trials to make his second Olympic team. On June 25, 2017, he announced his retirement from track and field.

He competed for the University of Michigan collegiately and was the 2007 NCAA indoor champion in the 60-meter hurdles. He represented his country at the 2011 Pan American Games, coming fourth in the hurdles, and the 2012 Summer Olympics, reaching the semi-finals.

60 metres hurdles
60 metres hurdles is a distance in hurdling which is generally run in indoor competitions. It is equivalent with the first 5 hurdles of a standard outdoor hurdle race. The current women's and men's world records are 7.65 seconds (Devynne Charlton) and 7.27 seconds (Grant Holloway), respectively.
Positive systems
Positive systems constitute a class of systems that has the important property that its state variables are never negative, given a positive initial state. These systems appear frequently in practical applications, as these variables represent physical quantities, with positive sign (levels, heights, concentrations, etc.).

The fact that a system is positive has important implications in the control system design. For instance, an asymptotically stable positive linear time-invariant system always admits a diagonal quadratic Lyapunov function, which makes these systems more numerical tractable in the context of Lyapunov analysis.

It is also important to take this positivity into account for state observer design, as standard observers (for example Luenberger observers) might give illogical negative values.

Control system
A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can range from a single home heating controller using a thermostat controlling a domestic boiler to large industrial control systems which are used for controlling processes or machines. The control systems are designed via control engineering process.

For continuously modulated control, a feedback controller is used to automatically control a process or operation.   The control system compares the value or status of the process variable (PV) being controlled with the desired value or setpoint (SP), and applies the difference as a control signal to bring the process variable output of the plant to the same value as the setpoint.

For sequential and combinational logic, software logic, such as in a programmable logic controller, is used.
Arverio
Arverio Deutschland GmbH, with brand name Arverio, before July 2024 under the name Go-Ahead Verkehrsgesellschaft Deutschland GmbH, is a railway operator in Germany. It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Austrian state-owned rail operator ÖBB, and was part of the United Kingdom-based Go-Ahead Group up till its sale to ÖBB was completed on 1 February 2024.

Go-Ahead secured its first contract in the German rail market in November 2015 to operate several regional rail lines in the vicinity of Stuttgart; it took over services from the incumbent operator Deutsche Bahn (DB) on 9 June 2019. Multiple other contracts to operate other passenger services, such as in Munich and Lindau, have been awarded in the following years. Go-Ahead Deutschland has procured a mixed fleet of Stadler FLIRT electric multiple units (EMUs) and Siemens-built double-decker EMUs to operate these services.

Lindau
Lindau (German: Lindau (Bodensee), Lindau im Bodensee; German: [ˈlɪndaʊ] ⓘ; Low Alemannic: Lindou) is a major town and island on the eastern side of Lake Constance (Bodensee in German) in Bavaria, Germany. It is the capital of the county (Landkreis) of Lindau, Bavaria and is near the borders of the Austrian state of Vorarlberg, and the Swiss cantons of St. Gallen and Thurgau. The coat of arms of Lindau town is a linden tree, referring to the supposed origin of the town's name. The historic town of Lindau is located on the 0.68-square-kilometre (0.26 sq mi) island of the same name, which is connected with the mainland by a road bridge and a railway causeway leading to Lindau station.

Lindau is located near the meeting point of the Austrian-German-Swiss tripoint and is nestled on the lake in front of Austria's Pfänder mountain. Lindau is popular with sightseers and vacationers for its medieval town centre and picturesque location on Lake Constance.
Jordan Atkins
Jordan Atkins (born 22 January 1983) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played for the London Broncos in the Super League. His positions of choice are at wing or centre.

London Broncos
The London Broncos are a professional rugby league club based in Wimbledon, England. They play their home games at Plough Lane and compete in the Betfred Championship.

Whilst the club has never won a major trophy, they have finished second in the League Championship once and have been Challenge Cup runners-up once. They have also won the Championship Grand Final, to gain promotion to the Super League, on two occasions.

Originally formed as Fulham Rugby League Club in 1980, they have also previously been known as London Crusaders and Harlequins Rugby League. London's home colours are black, red and white.
Gary Gaines
Gary Gaines (May 4, 1949 – August 22, 2022) was an American football coach.  Gaines was the head coach of the 1988 Permian High School football team, which was the focus of Buzz Bissinger's book Friday Night Lights: A Town, a Team, and a Dream and the 2004 motion picture Friday Night Lights starring Billy Bob Thornton.  His coaching career spanned four decades, coaching at eight high schools and two colleges, all in Texas.

Permian High School
Permian High School is a public high school located in Odessa, Texas and is one of two high schools in the Ector County Independent School District.  It was the subject of the book Friday Night Lights, which in turn inspired a movie and TV series of the same name.