hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Henicocoris
Henicocoridae is a monotypic family of plant bugs created for the genus Henicocoris with the sole species Henicocoris monteithi. It was initially treated as a subfamily Henicocorinae under the Lygaeidae for the new genus Henicoris described in 1968 on the basis of a specimen collected in Queensland, Australia. It was later elevated to family rank and phylogenetic studies place it as a sister of the family Idiostolidae and is placed under the superorder Idiostoloidea within the Pentatomomorpha.

Bugs in the family have an elongate ovoid outline and the head has ocelli. They have a four-segmented antenna and have three tarsal segments. The species was found in rainforest in Queensland, running actively on the ground at night. It lacks well-developed hindwings. The spiracles are ventrally placed.

Pentatomomorpha
The Pentatomomorpha are an infraorder of insects in the true bug order Hemiptera. The group includes such animals as the  shield- or stink-bugs (Pentatomidae and alies), flat bugs (Aradidae), seed bugs (Lygaeidae and Rhyparochromidae), etc. They are closely related to the Cimicomorpha.

Based on the fossil morphology, the common ancestor of Pentatomomorpha must be older than the fossils in the late Triassic. They play an important role in agriculture and forestry industries and they are also used as controlling agents in studies.
Landshut (Bayern) Hauptbahnhof
Landshut (Bayern) Hauptbahnhof is the main railway station in Landshut in the German State of Bavaria. There is also the halt (Haltepunkt) of Landshut (Bay) Süd (Landshut south) on the Neumarkt-Sankt Veit – Landshut railway. The Hauptbahnhof has seven platforms tracks and is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 2 station. It is used daily by about 120 trains operated by DB Regio, Regentalbahn and Agilis. Landshut is on the Munich–Regensburg, Munich–Landshut–Passau and Landshut–Mühldorf lines. In addition, the station is located on the Landshut Neuhausen museum line.

Munich–Regensburg railway
The Munich–Regensburg railway is a double track, electrified main line railway, linking Munich and Regensburg in the German state of Bavaria, with a total length of 138.1 km. It was opened in 1858 and 1859 and is one of the oldest railways in Germany.
Skin manifestations of sarcoidosis
Sarcoidosis, an inflammatory disease,  involves the skin in about 25% of patients. The most common lesions are erythema nodosum, plaques, maculopapular eruptions, subcutaneous nodules, and lupus pernio. Treatment is not required, since the lesions usually resolve spontaneously in two to four weeks. Although it may be disfiguring, cutaneous sarcoidosis rarely causes major problems.

Papule
A papule is a small, well-defined bump in the skin. It may have a rounded, pointed or flat top, and may have a dip. It can appear with a stalk, be thread-like or look warty. It can be soft or firm and its surface may be rough or smooth. Some have crusts or scales. A papule can be flesh colored, yellow, white, brown, red, blue or purplish. There may be just one or many, and they may occur irregularly in different parts of the body or appear in clusters. It does not contain fluid but may progress to a pustule or vesicle. A papule is smaller than a nodule; it can be as tiny as a pinhead and is typically less than 1 cm in width, according to some sources, and 0.5 cm according to others. When merged together, it appears as a plaque.

A papule's colour might indicate its cause, such as white in milia, red in eczema, yellowish in xanthoma and black in melanoma. They may open when scratched and become infected and crusty.
2001 Iowa Hawkeyes football team
The 2001 Iowa Hawkeyes football team represented the University of Iowa as a member of the Big Ten Conference during the 2001 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by third-year head coach Kirk Ferentz, the Hawkeyes compiled an overall record of 7–5 with a mark of 4–4 in conference play, placing in a four-way tie for fourth in the Big Ten. Iowa was invited to the Alamo Bowl, where the Hawkeyes defeated Texas Tech. The team played home games at Kinnick Stadium in Iowa City, Iowa.

Kinnick Stadium
Kinnick Stadium is a stadium located in Iowa City, Iowa, United States.  It is the home stadium of the University of Iowa Hawkeyes football team. Opened in 1929 as Iowa Stadium to replace Iowa Field, it currently holds up to 69,250 people, making it the 7th largest stadium in the Big Ten, and one of the 20 largest university owned stadiums in the nation. Primarily used for college football, the stadium is named for Nile Kinnick, the Iowa player who won the 1939 Heisman Trophy and died in service during World War II. Kinnick Stadium is the only college football stadium named after a Heisman Trophy winner.
2025 Aspria Tennis Cup
The 2025 Aspria Tennis Cup Trofeo BCS was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the 19th edition of the tournament which was part of the 2025 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Milan, Italy between 23 and 28 June 2025.

2025 ATP Challenger Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Challenger Tour in 2025 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2025 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 217 tournaments with prize money ranging from $60,000 up to $250,000. It was the 48th edition of Challenger tournaments cycle and 17th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Rehoboth Specialist Hospital
Rehoboth Specialist Hospital, also known simply as Rehoboth Hospital, is a private medical facility in Rivers State, Nigeria. The hospital is situated in the residential area of D-line, Port Harcourt, roughly 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Trans Amadi. Its departments include Surgical Services, Laboratory, Pharmacy, Orthopaedics, Medicine, Obstetrics, including epidural in labour and Gynaecology.

As of July 2013, the hospital's medical director is Prof. Aniekan Ekere.

D-line, Port Harcourt
D-line is a commercial and urban residential area of Port Harcourt, Rivers State. Its geographical coordinates are 4°48'8" North, 7°0'10" East. The neighborhood is sometimes spelled "D/Line" and has a zipcode of 500261.

The Roman Catholic Diocese of Port Harcourt and the Methodist Church of Nigeria have their cathedrals situated in D-line.
Prix de la Forêt
The Prix de la Forêt is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 1,400 metres (about 7 furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early October.

Longchamp Racecourse
The Longchamp Racecourse (French: Hippodrome de Longchamp, pronounced [ipɔdʁom də lɔ̃ʃɑ̃]) is a 57-hectare (140-acre) horse-racing facility located on the Route des Tribunes at the Bois de Boulogne in the 16th arrondissement of Paris, France. It is used for flat racing and is noted for its variety of interlaced tracks and a famous hill that provides a real challenge to competing thoroughbreds. It has several racetracks varying from 1,000 to 4,000 metres in length, with 46 different starting posts.

The course is home to more than half of the group one races held in France, and it has a capacity of 50,000. The highlight of the calendar is the Prix de l'Arc de Triomphe. Held on the first weekend in October, the event attracts the best horses from around the world.

The leather fashion goods company Longchamp got its name from the facility.
1998 Warsaw Cup by Heros
The 1998 Warsaw Cup by Heros was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Warszawianka Courts in Warsaw, Poland that was part of Tier III of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 13 July until 19 July 1998. First-seeded Conchita Martínez won the singles title and earned $27,000 first-prize money.

1998 WTA Tour
The WTA Tour is the elite tour for professional women's tennis organised by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA). The WTA Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the WTA Tour Championships and the WTA Tier I, Tier II, Tier III and Tier IV events. ITF tournaments are not part of the WTA Tour, although they award points for the WTA World Ranking.
2013 Liberty Bowl
The 2013 Liberty Bowl was a college football postseason bowl game played on December 31, 2013, at Liberty Bowl Memorial Stadium in Memphis, Tennessee. The 55th edition of the Liberty Bowl, it featured the Rice Owls, the champions of Conference USA and the Mississippi State Bulldogs of the Southeastern Conference. It began at 3:00 p.m. CST and aired on ESPN.  It was one of the 2013–14 bowl games that concluded the 2013 FBS football season.  Sponsored by automobile parts and accessories store AutoZone, it was officially known as the AutoZone Liberty Bowl.  Mississippi State defeated Rice by a score of 44–7.

The Bulldogs accepted their invitation after finishing the regular season 6–6, while the Owls advanced by virtue of winning the C-USA Championship Game over Marshall, 41–24.

2013–14 NCAA football bowl games
The 2013–14 NCAA football bowl games were a series of college football bowl games. They concluded the 2013 NCAA Division I FBS football season and included 35 team-competitive games and three all-star games (down from four as the Texas vs the Nation game was cancelled for this season). The games began on Saturday, December 21, 2013, and, aside from the all-star games, ended with the 2014 BCS National Championship at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena that was played on January 6, 2014.

The total of 35 team-competitive bowls was unchanged from the previous year. While bowl games had been the purview of only the very best teams for nearly a century, this was the eighth consecutive year that teams with non-winning seasons participated in bowl games. To fill the 70 available bowl slots, a total of eight teams (11% of all participants) with non-winning seasons participated in bowl games—all eight had a .500 (6–6) season.
Fine grain master positive
A fine grain master positive is a photographic term. It is also known as a fine grain master or fine grain and is a high-definition black-and-white intermediate positive image generated from a negative for the purpose of creating additional duplicate negatives. This intermediate element is exposed and chemically processed to a photographic gamma that will permit duplicate negatives as close to the original as is possible by a photochemical process.

While a fine grain master appears over-exposed and dark, it contains all of the information in the original negative, compressed into the toe and straight-line portion of the H&D curve via exposure and chemical processing.  The image is uncompressed when the duplicate negative is made from the element and the tonal range expanded up into the top straight-line and shoulder portion of the H&D curve.

Gamma correction
Gamma correction or gamma is a nonlinear operation used to encode and decode luminance in video or images.

Gamma correction is, in the simplest cases, defined by the following power-law expression:

where the non-negative real input value  is raised to the power  and multiplied by the constant A to get the output value . In the common case of A = 1, inputs and outputs are typically in the range 0–1.

A gamma value  is sometimes called an encoding gamma, and the process of encoding with this compressive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma compression; conversely, a gamma value  is called a decoding gamma, and the application of the expansive power-law nonlinearity is called gamma expansion.
Instauration
Instauration was a monthly magazine published between December 1975 and February 2000 by white supremacist Wilmot Robertson. The magazine was based in Florida. The magazine was described as being hostile to African-Americans, Jews, immigrants, and the LGBT community. Thomas M. Konda noted that the magazine "marked the beginning of intellectual white supremacism".

Leonard Zeskind
Leonard Harold Zeskind (November 14, 1949 – April 15, 2025) was an American journalist and human rights activist. He was president of the Institute for Research and Education of Human Rights (IREHR), a social justice and public affairs watchdog organization. Zeskind wrote the 2009 book Blood and Politics, about the history of xenophobia and white nationalism in American politics.
Bulk temperature
In thermofluids dynamics, the bulk temperature, or the average bulk temperature in the thermal fluid, is a convenient reference point for evaluating properties related to convective heat transfer, particularly in applications related to flow in pipes and ducts.

The concept of the bulk temperature is that adiabatic mixing of the fluid from a given cross section of the duct will result in some equilibrium temperature that accurately reflects the average temperature of the moving fluid, more so than a simple average like the film temperature.

Thermal fluids
Thermal fluids, or thermofluids, is a branch of science and engineering encompassing four intersecting fields: heat transfer, thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and combustion.

The term is a combination of "thermo", referring to heat, and "fluids", which refers to liquids, gases and vapors. Temperature, pressure, equations of state, and transport laws all play an important role in thermofluid problems.  Phase transition and chemical reactions may also be important in a thermofluid context. The subject is sometimes also referred to as "thermal fluids".
30th Anniversary Final Project "The Singles" Day 1·Day 2 Live 2018 Complete Version
30th Anniversary Final Project "The Singles" Day 1·Day 2 Live 2018 Complete Version (30周年Final企画「ザ·シングルス」Day1·Day2 LIVE 2018 完全版) is a live video by Japanese singer-songwriter Chisato Moritaka. Recorded live at the Hitomi Memorial Hall in Setagaya, Tokyo on May 27 to 28, 2018, the video was released on May 22, 2019, by Warner Music Japan on Blu-ray and DVD formats, each offered with an optional photobook. In addition, RecoChoku offered limited edition releases of the video containing four CDs and an original poster. The video features Moritaka performing her 2012 compilation album The Singles in its entirety as the final stage of her 30th anniversary celebration.

The video peaked at No. 7 on Oricon's Blu-ray chart and at No. 9 on Oricon's DVD chart.

The Singles (Chisato Moritaka album)
The Singles (ザ・シングルス, Za Shingurusu) is a compilation album by Japanese singer-songwriter Chisato Moritaka, released on August 8, 2012, by Warner Music Japan to commemorate the 25th anniversary of her music career, as well as her return to the music industry after her retirement in 1999. The three-disc album compiles all of Moritaka's singles from 1987 to 1999. A special edition release includes a 48-page photo booklet.

The album peaked at No. 5 on Oricon and Billboard Japan's albums charts.

To commemorate Moritaka's 35th anniversary, Warner Music Japan released The Singles on global streaming media platforms on June 25, 2022. The release is split in two digital albums: The Singles 1987–1992 (which covers songs from "New Season" to "Watashi ga Obasan ni Natte mo") and The Singles 1993–1999 (which covers songs from "Watarasebashi" to "Ichido Asobi ni Kite yo '99").
1962 Campeonato Profesional
The 1962 Campeonato Profesional was the 15th season of Colombia's top-flight football league. 12 teams competed against one another. Millonarios won the league for the 7th time in its history, defending successfully the title won in the previous season.

1961 Campeonato Profesional
The 1961 Campeonato Profesional was the 14th season of Colombia's top-flight football league. 12 teams competed against one another. Millonarios won the league for the 6th time in its history after getting 62 points.
2013 Tatarstan Open
The 2013 Tatarstan Open was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000+H in prize money. It took place in Kazan, Russia, on 26 August–1 September 2013.

Tatarstan Open
The Tatarstan Open is a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor hardcourts. The event is classified as a $25,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament and has been held in Kazan, Russia, since 2010. It had previously been a $50,000 event.
Ius indigenatus
Ius indigenatus (Latin for "right of local birth") is a right which was from the 15th to the 18th century a requirement for people to hold royal office in Royal Prussia, a Polish province. It limited offices and land ownership to local Prussian natives.

It was confirmed in 1466 by the Second Peace of Thorn which secured a large decree of autonomy for Royal Prussia. The Prussian Ius indigenatus was valid for both parts of Prussia separated in 1466, the western part, later called Royal Prussia, and the eastern part, from 1525 the Duchy of Prussia, later East Prussia.

Duchy of Prussia
The Duchy of Prussia (German: Herzogtum Preußen, Polish: Księstwo Pruskie, Lithuanian: Prūsijos kunigaikštystė) or Ducal Prussia (German: Herzogliches Preußen; Polish: Prusy Książęce) was a duchy in the region of Prussia established as a result of secularization of the Monastic Prussia, the territory that remained under the control of the State of the Teutonic Order until the Protestant Reformation in 1525.
Tom McNamara (director)
Tom McNamara (May 7, 1886 – May 19, 1964) was an American film director, screenwriter and cartoonist from the 1910s to the 1940s. He is perhaps best known for his involvement as a director of several Our Gang shorts for the Hal Roach studio, and as the creator of the comic strip Us Boys in William Randolph Hearst's New York Journal.

McNamara died in San Francisco on May 19, 1964.

Hal Roach
Harold Eugene "Hal" Roach Sr. (January 14, 1892 – November 2, 1992) was an American film and television producer, director and screenwriter, who was the founder of the namesake Hal Roach Studios.

Roach was active in the industry from the 1910s to the 1990s. He is known for producing a number of early media franchise successes, including the Laurel and Hardy franchise, Harold Lloyd's early films, the films of entertainer Charley Chase, and the Our Gang short film comedy series.
2018 BNP Paribas de Nouvelle-Calédonie
The 2018 BNP Paribas de Nouvelle-Calédonie was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the fifteenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Nouméa, New Caledonia between 1–6 January 2018.

2018 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour, in 2018, was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2018 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 159 tournaments, with prize money ranging from $50,000 up to $150,000. It was the 41st edition of challenger tournaments cycle, and 10th under the name of Challenger Tour.
Antalya Marathon
Runtalya Marathon (Turkish: Runtalya Maratonu), official name Runtalya presented by Fraport TAV (formerly known as Runatolia and International Öger Antalya Marathon (Turkish: Uluslararası Öger Antalya Maratonu) sponsored by  the Germany-based Öger Tours of Turkish-German Vural Öger) is an international athletic event that takes place in Antalya annually since 2006. The marathon is usually organized in March. Sponsored by Fraport TAV it is the second only marathon race in Turkey to Istanbul Marathon. Renowned for its spring-like weather and unique course through nature and history, Runtalya offers a singular experience, transforming into a three-day sports festival blending healthy living with fun, encompassing pre-race, during, and post-race activities.

In 2024 Runtalya hosted over 10 000 participants from 54 countries.

Istanbul Marathon
The Istanbul Marathon (Turkish: İstanbul Maratonu, also known as Türkiye İş Bankası Istanbul Marathon for sponsorship reasons) is an international athletics event hosted in Istanbul, Turkey, in November, first held in 1979.  It is the only marathon in the world whose course spans two continents, Asia and Europe.

The three race categories for men and women are: marathon, 15 km and public run. A special category for disabled persons exists also. Participation in the public run in 1998 was 150,000 people, a record.

The event is organised by Istanbul Sports Events, which also hosts the annual Istanbul Half Marathon in April.
Killing of Avi Sasportas and Ilan Saadon
The killing of Avi Sasportas and Ilan Saadon refers to two Israeli soldiers abducted by Hamas on February 16 and May 3, 1989, and subsequently killed. They were the first victims of the newly founded Palestinian militant organization. Ilan Saadon's body was found in 1996.

Palmachim
Palmachim (Hebrew: פַּלְמַחִים) is a gated community and kibbutz in central Israel. Located about ten kilometers south of the Tel Aviv area along the coast of the Mediterranean Sea, among the sand dunes, it falls under the jurisdiction of Gan Raveh Regional Council. In 2023 it had a population of 837.
Harris Ranch
Harris Ranch, or the Harris Cattle Ranch, feedlot is California's largest beef producer, producing 150 million pounds (68 kt) of beef per year in 2010.  It is located alongside Interstate 5 at its intersection with State Route 198 east of Coalinga, in the San Joaquin Valley of central California.  The ranch is owned by Harris Farms.

Feedlot
A feedlot or feed yard is a type of animal feeding operation (AFO) which is used in intensive animal farming, notably beef cattle, but also swine, horses, sheep, turkeys, chickens or ducks, prior to slaughter.  Large beef feedlots are called concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFO) in the United States and intensive livestock operations (ILOs) or confined feeding operations (CFO) in Canada.  They may contain thousands of animals in an array of pens.

The basic purpose of the feedlot is to increase the amount of fat gained by each animal as quickly as possible; if animals are kept in confined quarters rather than being allowed to range freely over grassland, they will gain weight more quickly and efficiently with the added benefit of economies of scale.
MON-100
The MON-100 is a circular, sheet metal bodied, directional type of anti-personnel mine designed and manufactured in the early 1960s by the Soviet Union. It is designed to wound or kill by fragmentation and resembles a large bowl.

The mine is reported to be deployed in Angola, Mozambique, South Africa and Zambia.

Anti-personnel mine
An anti-personnel mine or anti-personnel landmine (APL) is a form of mine designed for use against humans, as opposed to an anti-tank mine, which target vehicles. APLs are classified into: blast mines and fragmentation mines; the latter may or may not be a bounding mine.

APLs are often designed to injure and maim, not kill, their victims to overwhelm the logistical (mostly medical) support system of enemy forces that encounter them. Some types of APLs can also damage the tracks on armoured vehicles or the tires of wheeled vehicles.

The International Campaign to Ban Landmines has sought to ban mines and destroy stockpile. For this purpose, it introduced in 1997 the Ottawa Treaty, which has not yet been accepted by over 30 states and has not guaranteed the protection of citizens against APLs planted by non-state armed groups.
Portaledge
A portaledge is a deployable hanging tent system designed for rock climbers who need to spend multiple days and nights on a climbing route suspended from a sheer rock face while big wall climbing. A fully assembled portaledge is a fabric-covered platform surrounded by a metal frame that hangs from a single anchor point via carabiners and has adjustable suspension straps. A separate cover—called a stormfly—covers the entire system to give protection in the event of bad weather.  The first portaledges were created for climbing in Yosemite.

Carabiner
D-shaped wire gate

D-shaped straight gate

oval straight gate

pear-shaped auto locker

D-shaped screw locker.

A carabiner or karabiner (/ˌkærəˈbiːnər/), often shortened to biner or to crab, colloquially known as a (climbing) clip, is a specialized type of shackle, a metal loop with a spring-loaded gate used to quickly and reversibly connect components, most notably in safety-critical systems. The word comes from the German Karabiner, short for Karabinerhaken, meaning "carbine hook," as the device was used by carabiniers to attach their carbines to their belts.