hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Washington State Route 310
State Route 310 (SR 310) is a 1.84-mile-long (2.96 km) state highway in the U.S. state of Washington, serving the city of Bremerton in Kitsap County. The highway travels east within Bremerton from an interchange with SR 3 to an intersection with SR 304 as Kitsap Way and Callow Avenue. SR 310 was established in 1991, following the former alignment of SR 3 on city streets in Bremerton before the construction of its current freeway in the 1960s and 1970s. The highway was codified in 1915 as State Road 21 in 1915 and Primary State Highway 21 (PSH 21) in 1937 before becoming SR 3 during the 1964 highway renumbering.

State highways in Washington
The State Highways of Washington in the U.S. state of Washington comprise a network of over 7,000 miles (11,270 km) of state highways, including all Interstate and U.S. Highways that pass through the state, maintained by the Washington State Department of Transportation (WSDOT). The system spans 8.5% of the state's public road mileage, but carries over half of the traffic. All other public roads in the state are either inside incorporated places (cities or towns) or are maintained by the county.  The state highway symbol is a white silhouette of George Washington's head (whom the state is named after).
DUALLy
DUALLy is an MDE framework to create interoperability among Architecture Description Languages (ADLs). It is developed at the Computer Science Department of the University of L'Aquila. DUALLy enables the transformation of a model conforming to a specific architecture description language into corresponding models conforming to other architecture description languages.

Architecture description language
Architecture description languages (ADLs) are used in several disciplines: system engineering, software engineering, and enterprise modelling and engineering.

The system engineering community uses an architecture description language as a language and/or a conceptual model to describe and represent system architectures.

The software engineering community uses an architecture description language as a computer language to create a description of a software architecture. In the case of a so-called technical architecture, the architecture must be communicated to software developers; a functional architecture is communicated to various stakeholders and users. Some ADLs that have been developed are: Acme (developed by CMU), AADL (standardized by the SAE), C2 (developed by UCI), SBC-ADL (developed by National Sun Yat-Sen University), Darwin (developed by Imperial College London), and Wright (developed by CMU).
William Durie Lyon
William Durie Lyon (/ˈlaɪən/; June 5, 1825 – October 18, 1893) was a merchant and political figure in Ontario, Canada.

Lyon was a Liberal member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario who was elected in 1875 to represent the riding of Halton. In 1879, he became the de facto governor of the District of Rainy River, holding executive, judicial and magisterial power over the new settlements situated west of Ontario.

John Henry Pope
John Henry Pope, PC (19 December 1819 – 1 April 1889) was a Canadian farmer, lumberman, railway entrepreneur, and politician.

Born in Eaton Township, Lower Canada (now Quebec), the son of John Pope and Sophia Laberee, he served with the local militia during the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837 and opposed those who supported annexation of Eastern Townships to the United States.

He represented Compton County in the Legislative Assembly of the Province of Canada from 1857 to 1867 and was elected to the 1st Canadian Parliament in 1867 representing the riding of Compton  as a member of the Liberal-Conservative Party. He was the Minister of Agriculture and the Minister of Railways and Canals. He served until his death in 1889. His son, Rufus Henry, took his seat after his death.
Mississippi Highway 308
Mississippi Highway 308 (MS 308) was a state highway in northeastern Mississippi, United States. The route started at U.S. Route 61 (US 61) near Maud and traveled eastward through rural Tunica County. It then turned north near the community of Dubbs, and MS 308 ended at MS 4 near White Oak. The gravel road was designated as a state route around 1960, from US 61 to MS 4. It was then decommissioned in 1967.

Mississippi Highway 4
Mississippi Highway 4 (MS 4) runs east–west from an intersection in the community of Fox Island west of Tunica, Mississippi, near the border with Arkansas, to MS 25 in Tishomingo County, Mississippi. It travels a distance of 159.8 miles (257.2 km), serving Tunica, Tate, Marshall, Benton, Tippah, Prentiss, and Tishomingo counties.
Versatile Video Coding
Versatile Video Coding (VVC), also known as H.266, ISO/IEC 23090-3, and MPEG-I Part 3, is a video compression standard finalized on 6 July 2020, by the Joint Video Experts Team (JVET) of the VCEG working group of ITU-T Study Group 16 and the MPEG working group of ISO/IEC JTC 1/SC 29. It is the successor to High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC, also known as ITU-T H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2). It was developed with two primary goals – improved compression performance and support for a very broad range of applications.

Media Player Classic
Media Player Classic (MPC) and its derivatives are a family of free and open-source media players for 32-bit and 64-bit versions of the Microsoft Windows operating system. Focusing on compactness and customizability, Media Player Classic mimics the simplistic look and feel of Windows Media Player 6.4, but provide most options and features available in modern media players. The original MPC stopped development in 2006 after which it was forked into two new projects: Media Player Classic - Home Cinema (MPC-HC) and Media Player Classic - Black Edition (MPC-BE), which are now principally maintained by the community at the Doom9 forum.

The active fork Media Player Classic - Home Cinema (MPC-HC) is maintaned by "clsid2" (same developer known as clsid responsible for MPC 6.4.9.1), and Media Player Classic - Black Edition (MPC-BE) by "aleksoid". Variations of the original MPC and its forks are standard media players in the K-Lite Codec Pack and the Combined Community Codec Pack.
Iota Trianguli
Iota Trianguli, also named Triminus, is a quadruple star system in constellation of Triangulum. The pair have a combined apparent magnitude of 4.95 and are approximately 290 light-years from Earth.

Both components of ι Trianguli are spectroscopic binaries and the brighter pair is variable. It was discovered to be a variable star in 1980, by Douglas S. Hall et al. It has been given the variable star designation TZ Trianguli. The variations are due to the ellipsoidal shape of the stars as they rotate, and also it is classified as an RS Canum Venaticorum variable.

RS Canum Venaticorum variable
An RS Canum Venaticorum variable is a type of variable star. The variable type consists of close binary stars having active chromospheres which can cause large stellar spots. These spots are believed to cause variations in their observed luminosity.  Systems can exhibit variations on timescales of years due to variation in the spot surface coverage fraction, as well as periodic variations which are, in general, close to the orbital period of the binary system.  Some systems exhibit variations in luminosity due to their being eclipsing binaries.  Typical brightness fluctuation is around 0.2 magnitudes. They take their name from the star RS Canum Venaticorum (abbreviated RS CVn). A nearby example is χ1 Orionis, at only 28 light years away.
Legionellales
The Legionellales are an order of Pseudomonadota ("Proteobacteria"). Like all Pseudomonadota, they are Gram-negative. They comprise two families, typified by Legionella and Coxiella, both of which include notable pathogens. For example, Q fever is caused by Coxiella burnetii and Legionella pneumophila causes Legionnaires' disease and Pontiac fever.

Members of the order Legionellales can be molecularly distinguished from other Gammaproteobacteria by the presence of four conserved signature indels (CSIs) in the proteins tRNA-guanine(34) transglycosylase, lipoprotein-releasing system transmembrane protein lolE and tRNA (guanosine(37)-N1)-methyltransferase TrmD.

Pontiac fever
Pontiac fever  is an acute, nonfatal respiratory disease caused by various species of Gram-negative bacteria in the genus Legionella. It causes a mild upper respiratory infection that resembles acute influenza. Pontiac fever resolves spontaneously and often goes undiagnosed. Both Pontiac fever and the more severe Legionnaires' disease may be caused by the same bacterium, but Pontiac fever does not include pneumonia.
Georgy Shpagin
Georgy Semyonovich Shpagin (Russian: Георгий Семёнович Шпагин; 17 April 1897 – 6 February 1952) was a Soviet weapons designer. He is best-known as the creator of the PPSh-41, a submachine gun that saw widespread use by the Red Army on the Eastern Front. He also worked with fellow Soviet weapons designer Vasily Degtyaryov on the DShK, a heavy machine gun, shortly before the start of World War II.

Kovrov
Kovrov (Russian: Ковро́в) is a city in Vladimir Oblast, Russia, located on the right bank of the Klyazma River, a tributary of the Oka. Kovrov's population as of the 2021 Census was 132,417, down from 145,214 recorded in the 2010 Census, and further down from 155,499 recorded in the 2002 Census and 159,942 recorded in the 1989 Census. In terms of population, it is the second-largest city in Vladimir Oblast after Vladimir. In 1977, Kovrov's population had been estimated at 140,000.
Acidithrix ferrooxidans
Acidithrix ferrooxidans (A. ferrooxidans)  is a heterotrophic, acidophilic and Gram-positive bacterium from the genus Acidithrix. The type strain of this species, A. ferrooxidans Py-F3, was isolated from an acidic stream draining from a copper mine in Wales. This species grows in a variety of acidic environments such as streams, mines or geothermal sites. Mine lakes with a redoxcline support growth with ferrous iron as the electron donor. "A. ferrooxidans" grows rapidly in macroscopic streamer, producing greater cell densities than other streamer-forming microbes. Use in a bioreactors to remediate mine waste has been proposed due to cell densities and rapid oxidation of ferrous iron oxidation in acidic mine drainage.  Exopolysaccharide production during metal substrate metabolism, such as iron oxidation helps to prevent cell encrustation by minerals.

Acidophile
Acidophiles or acidophilic organisms are those that thrive under highly acidic conditions (usually at pH 5.0 or below). These organisms can be found in different branches of the tree of life, including Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
Jagodnja (Bratunac)
Jagodnja (Serbian Cyrillic: Јагодња) is a village in the municipality of Bratunac, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

In 1991, Jagodnja had an overwhelmingly Muslim population; 284 (99.30%) of its 286 inhabitants were Muslim. In 2013, the village had a population of 60 inhabitants.

Bratunac
Bratunac (Serbian Cyrillic: Братунац) is a town and municipality in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2013 census, the municipality has a population of 20,340 inhabitants, while the town of Bratunac has a population of 8,359 inhabitants.
Hämeenlinnan Härmä
Hämeenlinnan Härmä (abbreviated Härmä) is a football club from Hämeenlinna, Finland. The club was formed in 1967 and their home ground is Kaurialan kenttä. The men's football first team currently plays in the Kakkonen (Third tier in Finland). Härmä took the place of FC PoPa for season 2012 when the club went bankrupt after the 2011 season.

Porin Palloilijat
Porin Palloilijat or formerly FC PoPa is a Finnish football club, based in the city of Pori in Finland. The club currently plays in the Vitonen, the seventh highest level of Finnish football. The club was established in 1925 but did not operate between 1960 and 1981.
Topic-based vector space model
The Topic-based Vector Space Model (TVSM) (literature: ) extends the vector space model of information retrieval by removing the constraint that the term-vectors be orthogonal. The assumption of orthogonal terms is incorrect regarding natural languages which causes problems with synonyms and strong related terms. This facilitates the use of stopword lists, stemming and thesaurus in TVSM.
In contrast to the generalized vector space model the TVSM does not depend on concurrence-based similarities between terms.

Generalized vector space model
The Generalized vector space model is a generalization of the vector space model used in information retrieval. Wong et al. presented an analysis of the problems that the pairwise orthogonality assumption of the vector space model (VSM) creates. From here they extended the VSM to the generalized vector space model (GVSM).
Coherent set of characters
In mathematical representation theory, coherence is a property of sets of characters that allows one to extend an isometry from the degree-zero subspace of a space of characters to the whole space. The general notion of coherence was developed by Feit (1960, 1962), as a generalization of the proof by Frobenius of the existence of a Frobenius kernel of a Frobenius group and of the work of Brauer and Suzuki on exceptional characters. Feit & Thompson (1963, Chapter 3) developed coherence further in the proof of the Feit–Thompson theorem that all groups of odd order are solvable.

Frobenius group
In mathematics, a Frobenius group is a transitive permutation group on a finite set, such that no non-trivial element
fixes more than one point and some non-trivial element fixes a point. 
They are named after F. G. Frobenius.
Talent supply chain management
Talent Supply Chain Management is a proactive management approach to securing and optimizing talent supply and services through all input channels (supplier network) to meet the human capital (workforce) needs of companies, enabling them to better produce, distribute and deliver their goods and services and meet their strategic objectives.

In practice, Talent Supply Chain Management integrates Managed Service Provider (MSP) expertise with workforce analytics   also referred to as supply chain intelligence (including talent supply/demand dynamics, insight on talent motivations, and applied principles of supply chain management), to deliver access to quality talent at competitive rates and with minimized risk.

Human capital
Human capital or human assets is a concept used by economists to designate personal attributes considered useful in the production process. It encompasses employee knowledge, skills, know-how, good health, and education. Human capital has a substantial impact on individual earnings. Research indicates that investments in human capital generate high economic returns throughout childhood and young adulthood.

Companies can invest in human capital; for example, through education and training, improving levels of quality and production.
1747 English cricket season
Information has been found about 21 matches (14 eleven-a-side and seven single wicket) played in the 1747 English cricket season, but only three have known results.

It is evident that the single wicket form of the game was very popular among the gamblers who thronged the Artillery Ground. Some matches were disrupted because of that year's parliamentary election, which resulted in a win for the Whigs under Henry Pelham.

Henry Pelham
Henry Pelham (25 September 1694 – 6 March 1754) was a British Whig statesman who served as Prime Minister of Great Britain from 1743 until his death in 1754. He was the younger brother of Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle, who served in Pelham's government and succeeded him as prime minister. Pelham is generally considered to have been Britain's third prime minister, after Robert Walpole and the Earl of Wilmington.

Pelham's premiership was relatively uneventful in terms of domestic affairs, although it was during his premiership that Great Britain experienced the tumult of the 1745 Jacobite uprising. In foreign affairs, Britain fought in several wars. Two of Pelham's final acts were the Jewish Naturalization Act 1753, which allowed Jews to become naturalized  by application to Parliament, and the Marriage Act 1753, which enumerated the minimum age of consent for marriage. On Pelham's death, his brother Newcastle took full control of the British government.
Tita Kovač Artemis
Tita Kovač Artemis (19 September 1930 – 11 March 2016) was a Slovene chemist and writer.

She won the Levstik Award in 1985 for her book Kemiki skozi stoletja (Chemists Through the Centuries).

She was best known for her documented biographical novels on Johann Weikhard von Valvasor Spomini baraona Valvasorja (Memoirs of Baron Valvasor), 1973; Stephen Dečanski Štefan Dečanski, 1974; Sigmund Zois Najbogatejši Kranjec (The Richest Carniolan), 1979; Janez Bleiweis Slovenski orator (The Slovene Orator), 1990; and Ioannis Kapodistrias Grški feniks (The Greek Phoenix), 2003.

In 1970 she moved to Greece where she lived and worked for many years until she moved to a retirement home near Topolšica in her native Slovenia.

Levstik Award
The Levstik Award (Slovene: Levstikova nagrada) is a literary award in Slovenia awarded for achievements in children's literature. It has been bestowed since 1949 by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House, making it the first literary award established by a Slovene publishing house after the Second World War. It includes a prize for original works of literature, original illustrations, and non-fiction books for children.

Up until 1989, it was awarded annually. Since then it has been awarded biannually. In the prize category for books only books published by the Mladinska Knjiga Publishing House are eligible for entry, but since 1999 the award for lifetime achievements in children's literature is the most prestigious award of its kind in Slovenia. The award is named after the 19th century Slovene writer, political activist and playwright Fran Levstik who also wrote works for children.
Edward Cheserek
Edward Cheserek (born 2 February 1994) is a Kenyan distance runner. He is a 17-time NCAA champion collegiate distance runner for the University of Oregon. Cheserek was the most highly recruited high school distance runner in the nation out of Saint Benedict's Preparatory School in New Jersey where he was named the Gatorade 2012-2013 National Cross Country Runner of the Year.  In 2013, Cheserek became the first freshman in Oregon history to win the NCAA National Cross Country Championships. Cheserek repeated this feat in his sophomore and junior years at Oregon before coming in third in the race in 2016 during his senior year. In total, Cheserek has 17 NCAA National Titles, including two indoor distance medley relays and one cross-country team title.

Iten
Iten{/itɛn/} is a small town in Elgeyo-Marakwet County in the Republic of Kenya. It is one of the largest urban centers.
The town is located along the road between Eldoret and Kabarnet at the junction of the road heading to Kapsowar town at the western escarpment of the Gregory Rift at an altitude of 2400m. Elgeyo escarpment and Kerio River are located east of Iten. The slow growing town had a population of 42,312 at the 2019 consensus.

It forms a common local authority (Iten/Tambach town council) with Tambach, a small town in the vicinity. Iten was the headquarters of the former Elgeyo-Marakwet District since 1966, when it replaced Tambach.
BSA Spitfire
The BSA Spitfire is a high-performance BSA motorcycle made from 1966 to 1968 with model designations of MkII, MkIII and MkIV. Announced at the Brighton motorcycle show held during September 1965, it was based on the earlier BSA Lightning with a power-upgrade achieved by higher compression-ratio 10.5:1 pistons and two large-bore Amal GP carburettors with velocity stacks  it was one of the first BSAs to have 12-volt electrics. At introduction in 1966, it was the fastest standard BSA ever produced and the fastest standard motorcycle tested by Motor Cycle with a best run at 123 mph and average of 119.2 mph The Spitfire was used for travelling Marshalls' course duties at the 1967 Isle of Man TT races.

Birmingham Small Arms Company
The Birmingham Small Arms Company Limited (BSA) was a major British industrial combine, a group of businesses manufacturing military and sporting firearms; bicycles; motorcycles; cars; buses and bodies; steel; iron castings; hand, power, and machine tools; coal cleaning and handling plants; sintered metals; and hard chrome process.

After the Second World War, BSA did not manage its business well, and a government-organised rescue operation in 1973 led to a takeover of such operations as it still owned. Those few that survived the process disappeared into the ownership of other businesses.
Guntur East mandal
Guntur East mandal is one of the 18 mandals in the Guntur district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is under the administration of Guntur revenue division and was formed by bifurcating Guntur urban mandal into Guntur East and Guntur West, with its headquarters at Guntur.

Guntur East Assembly constituency
Guntur East is a constituency in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Guntur Lok Sabha constituency.

Mohammed Naseer Ahmed is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2024, there are a total of 2,50,790 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 2008, as per the Delimitation Orders (2008).: 15
Kharotabad incident
The Kharotabad incident refers to the deaths of four Russians and one Tajik citizen at a Frontier Corps (FC) checkpoint in Kharotabad area of Quetta, Balochistan, Pakistan in May 2011. They were shot on the basis of reports that they were suicide bombers. A police surgeon who testified against the official account was later also claimed to be shot dead.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.