hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Barton Hills, Bedfordshire
Barton Hills are situated southeast of the village of Barton-le-Clay in the English county of Bedfordshire.  They are part of the Chilterns and hiking routes are marked on maps at the entrance to the hills.  From the foot of the hillside, a spring (Barton Springs) marks the start of a chalk stream river.  During the summer, Dartmoor ponies roam the hills.

Chiltern Hills
The Chiltern Hills or the Chilterns are a chalk escarpment in southern England to the northwest of London, covering 660 square miles (1700 sq km) across Oxfordshire, Buckinghamshire, Hertfordshire and Bedfordshire and stretching 45 miles (72 km) from Goring-on-Thames in the southwest to Hitchin in the northeast. The hills are 12 miles (19 km) at their widest.

In 1964, 833 square kilometres - almost half of the Chiltern Hills - were designated by the Countryside Commission
as an Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty (AONB) under the powers established by the National Parks and Access to the Countryside Act 1949.

The northwest boundary of the Chilterns is clearly defined by the escarpment. The dip slope is by definition more gradual and merges with the landscape to the southeast. The southwest endpoint is the River Thames. The hills decline slowly in prominence in northeast Bedfordshire.
Boys of Abu Ghraib
Boys of Abu Ghraib is a 2014 American war film inspired by the events that took place at the Abu Ghraib prison in Baghdad, Iraq in 2003, in the background of the Iraq war. It was written and directed by Luke Moran, who co-stars alongside Sean Astin, Omid Abtahi, Sara Paxton, and John Heard. Filmmakers Edward Zwick and Marshall Herskovitz served as executive producers on the film, which was produced by Luke Moran and Cru Ennis.

Omid Abtahi
Omid Abtahi (Persian: امید ابطحی; born July 12, 1979) is an Iranian-born American actor. He is best known for his roles as Salim, in the Starz original American Gods, Penn Pershing in The Mandalorian, Saleem Ulman in NCIS, and Homes in the fourth installment of The Hunger Games film series, The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015). He is also known for his performances as Justin Yates in Ghost Whisperer, and as Detective Jerry Molbeck, in the American TV adaptation of Those Who Kill.
Sandy Douglass
Gordon K. "Sandy" Douglass (October 22, 1904 – February 12, 1992) was an American racer, designer, and builder of sailing dinghies. Two of his designs, the Thistle and the Flying Scot, are among the most popular one design racing classes in the United States. The Flying Scot was inducted into the American Sailboat Hall of Fame. As a small boat racer, Douglass was five times the North American champion in the 10 Square Meter International Sailing Canoe, five times the United States national champion in the Thistle, and seven times the Flying Scot North American champion.

Dinghy racing
Dinghy racing is a competitive sport using dinghies, which are small boats which may be rowboats, have an outboard motor, or be sailing dinghies. Dinghy racing has affected aspects of the modern sailing dinghy, including hull design, sail materials and sailplan, and techniques such as planing and trapezing.
Sophie Mitchelmore
Sophie Mitchelmore (born 21 January 2001) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Hampshire. An all-rounder, she is a right-handed batter and right-arm medium bowler. She has previously played for Oxfordshire and Southern Vipers.

Oxfordshire Women cricket team
The Oxfordshire Women's cricket team is the women's representative cricket team for the English historic county of Oxfordshire. They play their home games at Akeman Street, Chesterton and are captained by Abi Currie.  In 2019, they played in Division Three of the final season of the Women's County Championship, and have since competed in the Women's Twenty20 Cup. They are partnered with the regional side Southern Vipers.
Red Lights (2012 film)
Red Lights is a 2012 psychological supernatural thriller film written, directed, produced and edited by Rodrigo Cortés and starring Cillian Murphy, Sigourney Weaver, Robert De Niro, Toby Jones, Joely Richardson and Elizabeth Olsen. The plot focuses on a physicist (Murphy) and a university psychology professor (Weaver), both of whom specialise in debunking supernatural phenomena, and their attempt at discrediting a renowned psychic (De Niro) whose greatest critic mysteriously died 30 years prior.

The film premiered at the Sundance Film Festival in January 2012, and received a limited release in the United States on 13 July 2012.

Joely Richardson
Joely Kim Richardson (born 9 January 1965) is a British actress. She is notable for her roles as Julia McNamara in the FX drama series Nip/Tuck (2003–2010), Katherine Parr in the Showtime series The Tudors (2010), and Ethel Cripps in the Netflix series The Sandman (2022). Her film credits include Drowning by Numbers (1988), King Ralph (1991), 101 Dalmatians (1996), Event Horizon (1997), The Patriot (2000), Anonymous (2011), the Hollywood film adaptation of The Girl with the Dragon Tattoo (2011), Endless Love (2014), Red Sparrow (2018), The Turning (2020), and Little Bone Lodge (2023).
Imoinu
Imoinu or Emoinu (Meitei: ꯏꯃꯣꯏꯅꯨ) is a goddess associated with household, hearth, family, fireplace, kitchen, wealth, peace and prosperity in Meitei mythology and religion of Ancient Kangleipak (Antique Manipur). She is frequently associated with Leimarel Sidabi. She is regarded as one of the incarnations or representations of goddess Leimarel Sidabi.

In Meitei mythology, Imoinu is known for her sense of humor. Generally, she is portrayed as "an old woman", as her name means "great grandmother" in Meitei language.

The personality of Imoinu and other goddesses like Panthoibi and Phouoibi depict as well as influence the boldness, courage, independence, righteousness and social honour of Meitei women.

Meitei mythology
Meitei mythology (or Manipuri mythology) (Meitei: Meitei Mi Lai Tingi Wari) is a collection of myths, belonging to the religious and cultural traditions of the Meitei people, the predominant ethnic group of Manipur. It is associated with traditional Meitei religion of Sanamahism. Meitei myths explain various natural phenomena, how human civilization developed, and the reasons of many events.
Imelda Udoh
Imelda Icheji Lawrence Udoh (born April 24, 1960) is a Professor of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages of the Faculty of Arts, University of Uyo, Nigeria. She serves as the President of the Linguistic Association of Nigeria (LAN). She is also a life member and Fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Letters. She is a DAAD alumnus and has served as Head of Department of Linguistics and Nigerian Languages from 2010 to 2014, as Vice Dean of the Faculty of Arts from 2010 to 2013, and Deputy Director, School of Continuing Education (2015–2016) of the University. She noted in her research that "Nigerian local languages seem to appear dying in particular areas, but still flourishing in others". Udoh advocated for the protection of these indigenous languages while delivering the 81st Inaugural Lecture of the University of Uyo. Udoh is also a Member of Council of the West African Linguistic Society. A festschrift was organized in her honour in 2019.

Nigerian Academy of Letters
The Nigerian Academy of Letters is a national academy and apex body of arts and literature in Nigeria. It is an autonomous, scholarly and non-political state institution for advancing scholarship and public interest in the humanities at the highest level in Nigeria. The incumbent president of the academy is Professor Duro Oni.

Established in 1974 after recommendation of "Udoji Report of 1974" it is currently governed by executive committee of distinguished professors and promote a limited number of four types of fellows: Foundation Fellows, Regular Fellows, Overseas Fellows and Honorary Fellows on a yearly basis.

There are currently 84 Fellows in the academy; 7 foundation fellows, 51 regular fellows, 12 overseas fellows and 14 honorary fellows.
Bengt Fasteraune
Bengt Fasteraune (born 3 June 1964) is a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Oppland during the term 2017–2021. When regular representative Ivar Odnes died in October 2018, Fasteraune took his place as a regular. He assumed a seat in the Standing Committee on Transport and Communications. Hailing from Dovre Municipality, he served as mayor there from 2007 to 2018.

Ivar Odnes
Ivar Odnes (25 May 1963 – 5 October 2018) was a Norwegian politician for the Centre Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Oppland during the term 2013–2017. He hails from Østre Toten Municipality and was from 2011 the deputy county mayor of Oppland.

He was also the deputy chair of Norsk Kulturarv.
James Coles Bruce
James Coles Bruce (January 26, 1806-March 28, 1865), was an extremely wealthy Virginia planter and politician who twice represented Halifax County in the Virginia House of Delegates as well as in the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861.

Virginia Secession Convention of 1861
The Virginia Secession Convention of 1861 was called in the state capital of Richmond to determine whether Virginia would secede from the United States, govern the state during a state of emergency, and write a new Constitution for Virginia, which was subsequently voted down in a referendum under the Confederate Government.
AIR Index
AIR Index is a British standardised motor vehicle emissions ranking system introduced in February 2019 by Allow Independent Road-testing (AIR). The objective of the system is to encourage the use of independent and meaningful motor vehicle NOx emissions tests to robustly inform consumers and policymakers of the real-world impact motor vehicles will have on urban air quality.

European emission standards
The European emission standards are vehicle emission standards that regulate pollution from the use of new land surface vehicles sold in the European Union and European Economic Area member states and the United Kingdom, and ships in European territorial waters. These standards target air pollution from exhaust gases, brake dust, and tyre rubber pollution, and are defined through a series of European Union directives that progressively introduce stricter limits to reduce environmental impact.

Euro 7, agreed in 2024 and due to come into force in 2026, includes non-exhaust emissions such as particulates from tyres and brakes. Until 2030 fossil fueled vehicles are allowed to have dirtier brakes than electric vehicles.: 5
Audrey Nganmogne
Audrey Murielle Nganmogne (born 14 November 1994) is a handball player who plays as a goalkeeper for Mérignac Handball. Born in Cameroon, she plays for the DR Congo women's national team. She also holds French citizenship.

She represented DR Congo at the 2019 World Women's Handball Championship. Previously, she played for France junior.

She also played for Issy Paris (-2012), Chambray Touraine Handball (2012-2013), Le Havre AC Handball (2013-2014), CJF Fleury Loiret Handball (2014-), Mérignac Handball (-2020), SPUC (2020-).

Mérignac Handball
Mérignac Handball is the name of a French handball club from Mérignac, France. This team currently competes in the French Women's Handball First League from 2019 and they play their home matches in Salle Pierre de Coubertin.
Speakeasy (2002 film)
Speakeasy is a 2002 film about two men who become unlikely friends after a minor traffic accident. Written and directed by Brendan Murphy, Speakeasy was a runner-up to become the first movie produced for Project Greenlight, a documentary series about the making of an independent film. After Pete Jones's Stolen Summer was chosen for Project Greenlight instead, the show's founders, LivePlanet and Miramax, decided to produce Speakeasy apart from the documentary series.

Stolen Summer
Stolen Summer is a 2002 American drama film about a Catholic boy who befriends a terminally ill Jewish boy and tries to convert him, believing that it is the only way the Jewish boy will get to Heaven.  Directed by first time writer/director Pete Jones, Stolen Summer is the first film produced for Project Greenlight, an independent film competition created by Ben Affleck and Matt Damon, and sponsored by HBO. Project Greenlight aired on HBO as a documentary series chronicling the selection of Jones's script from approximately seven thousand entries, and the production of the film in Chicago in 2001.

The film's casting department considered the casting of the Jewish Adi Stein as the Catholic Pete O'Malley to be an ironic joke, due to the characters attempting to convert a Jewish boy to Catholicism.
Ōu Honsen
The  Ōu Honsen (奥羽本戦, Main battle of Ōu, a pun on the Ou Line railroad traversing the prefectures) is a footballing rivalry played between Blaublitz Akita and Montedio Yamagata, both professional J.League teams from the cities in the former Dewa Province, Japan. It is also known as the Dewa derby or  Chokaisan derby, and named after Japan Railways Ōu Main Line which connects Akita City and Tendo, Yamagata. Series winners can wear home kits at the opponent's stadium next season. This matchup is a part of Tohoku derby.

Ōu Mountains
The Ōu Mountains (奥羽山脈, Ōu-sanmyaku) are a mountain range in the Tōhoku region of Honshū, Japan. It is the longest range in Japan and stretches 500 km (311 mi) south from the Natsudomari Peninsula of Aomori Prefecture to the Nasu volcanoes at the northern boundary of the Kantō region. Though long, the range is only about 35 kilometres (22 mi) wide. The highest point in the range is Mount Iwate, 2,038 metres (6,686 ft).

The range includes several widely known mountains: Hakkōda Mountains, Mount Iwate, Mount Zaō, Mount Azuma, Mount Yakeishi, and Mount Adatara.
Kojiki Tōsho
Kojiki Tōsho (古事記頭書) is a three-volume commentary on the Kojiki written by the Edo period kokugaku scholar Kamo no Mabuchi in 1757. It is also known as Kojiki Kōhon (古事記校本). It had an influence on Motoori Norinaga's Kojiki-den. It is not known to survive as a stand-alone work, but its readings were copied into several printed copies of the Kojiki, and an edition of the work that was independently annotated by Norinaga also survives.

Kokugaku
Kokugaku (国学; Japanese pronunciation: [ko.kɯ.ɡa.kɯ, -ŋa.kɯ], lit. 'national study') was an academic movement, a school of Japanese philology and philosophy originating during the Edo period. Kokugaku scholars worked to refocus Japanese scholarship away from the then-dominant study of Chinese, Confucian, and Buddhist texts in favor of research into the early Japanese classics.
Flag of Tajikistan
The national flag of Tajikistan was adopted in November 1992, replacing the flag of the Tajik Soviet Socialist Republic of 1953.  The flag of Tajikistan is an unequal horizontal tricolor of red, white, and green, defaced with a yellow crown surmounted by an arc of seven stars at the centre. It has a width ratio of 2:3:2. The tricolor preserves the choice of colors in the former Tajik Soviet flag, as well as the 1:2 proportions.

The flag day is celebrated on 24 November, which is the day it was officially adopted.

Crown
A crown is a traditional form of head adornment, or hat, worn by monarchs as a symbol of their power and dignity. A crown is often, by extension, a symbol of the monarch's government or items endorsed by it. The word itself is used, particularly in Commonwealth countries, as an abstract name for the monarchy itself (and, by extension, the state of which said monarch is head) as distinct from the individual who inhabits it (that is, The Crown). A specific type of crown (or coronet for lower ranks of peerage) is employed in heraldry under strict rules. Indeed, some monarchies never had a physical crown, just a heraldic representation, as in the constitutional kingdom of Belgium.
Pencoed Castle
Pencoed Castle is a ruined Tudor mansion, largely dating from the 16th century, in the parish of Llanmartin, now within the city of Newport, south Wales.  It is located about 0.5 miles (0.80 km) east of Llanmartin village, and 0.5 miles (0.80 km) south-east of Llandevaud, at the end of a farm lane.

Some outbuildings, which may be habitable, exist on the grounds. The property was sold in September 2020 but specifics were not provided as to the new owner or the plans for the property. In the meantime, it remained in ruins, not open to the public.

Tudor period
In England and Wales, the Tudor period occurred between 1485 and 1603, including the Elizabethan era. The Tudor period coincides with the reign of the House of Tudor, which began with the accession of Henry VII and ended with the death of Elizabeth I.  Under the Tudor dynasty, art, architecture, trade, exploration, and commerce flourished. Historian John Guy (1988) argued that "England was economically healthier, more expensive, and more optimistic under the Tudors" than at any time since the ancient Roman occupation.
Arthur Pycroft
Arthur Thomas Pycroft (3 September 1875 – 8 November 1971) was a New Zealand naturalist and collector, known especially for his ornithological work. Pycroft worked for the New Zealand Railways Department and became a senior manager, but he retired young after receiving a large inheritance. This gave him more time for his real passion as a naturalist and ornithologist. He organised expeditions, mostly to islands off the coast of the North Island, with a focus on birds and plants. He grew rare plants at his large property in the Auckland suburb of Saint Heliers. Another of his interests was collecting rare books. When his library was put up for sale 40 years after his death, it was dubbed the "last great private library" in New Zealand. Pycroft held membership with the Auckland Institute at Auckland Museum for 75 years and was the organisation's president in 1935–36.

Royal Society of New Zealand
The Royal Society of New Zealand, branded as the Royal Society Te Apārangi, is a not-for-profit body in New Zealand providing funding and policy advice in the fields of sciences and the humanities. These fundings (i.e., Marsden grants and research fellowships) are provided on behalf of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
Abd al-Malik I (Samanid emir)
Abd al-Malik I (Persian: عبدالملک; 936 or 944/5 – November 961) was amir of the Samanid Empire from 954 to 961. He was the son and successor of Nuh I (r. 943–954). His reign was marked by internal strife, with the Turkic slave-soldiers (ghulam) increasing in power. He died after falling from his horse during a game of polo at Bukhara. He was succeeded by his brother Mansur I, who was put on the throne by a faction of ghulams led by the Turkic slave-commander, Fa'iq Khassa.

Ghilman
Ghilman (singular Arabic: غُلاَم ghulām, plural غِلْمَان ghilmān) were slave-soldiers and/or mercenaries in armies throughout the Islamic world. Islamic states from the early 9th century to the early 19th century consistently deployed slaves as soldiers, a phenomenon that was very rare outside of the Islamic world.

The Quran mentions ghilman (غِلْمَان) in verse 52:24 (Verse 56:17 is also thought to refer to ghilman).
Neamț (Moldova)
The Neamț or Ozana is a right tributary of the river Moldova in Romania. It discharges into the Moldova near Timișești. It flows through the villages Boboiești, Pipirig, Pâțâligeni, Stânca, Leghin, Lunca, Vânători-Neamț, Dumbrava, Timișești and the town Târgu Neamț. Its length is 28 km (17 mi), and its basin area is 410 km2 (160 sq mi).

Pipirig
Pipirig (Romanian pronunciation: [pipiˈrig]) is a commune in Neamț County, Western Moldavia, Romania. It is composed of seven villages: Boboiești, Dolhești, Leghin, Pâțâligeni, Pipirig, Pluton, and Stânca.
Claudia Suárez
Claudia Paola Suárez Fernández (born May 16, 1987) is a Venezuelan model and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Miss World Venezuela 2006 and represented her country at Miss World 2007 where she placed Top 16.

Suárez, who stands 5 ft 10.5 in (1.791 m) tall, represented the state of Mérida in the national beauty pageant Miss Venezuela 2006, on September 14, 2006, and obtained the title of Miss Venezuela Mundo 2007, after placing second to Ly Jonaitis of the state of Guárico.  On December 1, 2007, she represented her country in the Miss World 2007 pageant in Sanya (China), placing among the top 16 semifinalists.  On January 26, 2008, she placed 2nd runner-up at the Miss Atlantico Internacional 2008 in Punta del Este, Uruguay.

Miss World 2007
Miss World 2007 was the 57th edition of the Miss World pageant, held at the Crown of Beauty Theatre in Sanya, China, on December 1, 2007.

Taťána Kuchařová of the Czech Republic crowned Zhang Zilin of China as her successor at the end of the event.
Khurram Jahangir Wattoo
Mian Khurram Jahangir Wattoo is a Pakistani politician who was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, from August 2013 to May 2018 and a member of the National Assembly of Pakistan from 2012 to 2013.

Provincial Assembly of the Punjab
The Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, also known as the Punjab Assembly, is the supreme legislative body of Punjab, a province of Pakistan. It convenes at the Assembly Building in Lahore, the capital of Punjab. It is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives; and was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 371 seats, with 297 general seats, 66 seats reserved for women and 8 reserved for non-Muslims.
Sabahuddin Abdur Rahman
Syed Sabahuddin Abdur Rahman (c. 1911 — 18 November 1987) was an Indian historian and writer. He was the editor of Ma'arif, a monthly journal. He had served as the director and secretary of Darul Musannefin Shibli Academy, a research academy founded by Shibli Nomani and based in Azamgarh.

He has authored many books including Bazm-i Sufiya: Ahd-i Taimuri se Qabl Akabir Sufiya, Bazm-e-Mamlukiya, Bazm-e-Taimuriya, Hindustan Ke Salatin, Ulama aur Masha’ikh ke T‘alluqat par ek Nazar and Musalman Hukmaranon ki Mazhabi Rawadari.

Ma'arif
Ma'arif (Urdu: معارف) is an Urdu literary magazine published by the Darul Musannefin Shibli Academy in Azamgarh. Its first issue appeared in July 1916, and the publication has continued since. The magazine was initially proposed by Shibli Nomani, but following his death, it was established and launched by his student Sulaiman Nadvi.
Isnin Aliasnih
Isnin bin Aliasnih (born 1 July 1965) is a Malaysian politician who has served as State Assistant Minister to the Chief Minister of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor since December 2025 and State Assistant Minister of Housing and Local Government of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor and Ministers Masidi Manjun and Joachim Gunsalam from October 2020 until November 2025, as well as Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Klias since May 2018. He is a member of the Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN), a component party of the GRS coalition and was a member of the Malaysian United Indigenous Party of Sabah (Sabah BERSATU), branch of a component party of the Perikatan Nasional (PN) and formerly GRS coalitions and also formerly a member of the United Malays National Organisation of Sabah (Sabah UMNO), branch of a component party of the Barisan Nasional (BN) coalitions.

Joachim Gunsalam
Joachim Gunsalam (born 22 January 1958) is a Malaysian politician and physician who has served as the Deputy Chief Minister I of Sabah and State Minister of Works and Utilities of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor since December 2025, as well as Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kundasang since March 2004. He previously served as State Minister of Housing and Local Government of Sabah from January 2023 until November 2025. He is a member of the United Sabah Party (PBS), a component party of the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) and formerly Barisan Nasional (BN) coalitions. He has served as the Acting President of PBS since June 2024 and Deputy President of PBS for the Non-Muslim Bumiputera quota since June 2022. He previously served as Vice President of PBS for the Non-Muslim Bumiputera quota from 2006 to 2022.