hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Doctrina Christiana
The Doctrina Christiana ('Christian Doctrine') were two early books on the catechism of the Catholic Church, both published 1593 in Manila, Philippines. These are two of the earliest printed books in the Philippines.

The Doctrina Christiana en letra y lengua China (1593-1605), by Fray Juan Cobo and Fray Miguel de Benavides, printed by the Sangley Chinese printer Keng Yong.

The Doctrina Christiana en lengua española y tagala (1593), by Fray Juan de Plasencia.

The latter, Doctrina Christiana en Lengua Española y Tagala (Christian Doctrine in Spanish and Tagalog), Manila, 1593, was inscribed in the UNESCO Memory of the World Register – Asia and the Pacific in 2024.

Imprimatur
An imprimatur (sometimes abbreviated as impr., from Latin, "let it be printed") is a declaration authorizing publication of a book.  The term is also applied loosely to any mark of approval or endorsement. The imprimatur rule in the Catholic Church effectively dates from the dawn of printing, and is first seen in the printing and publishing centres of Germany and Venice; many secular states or cities began to require registration or approval of published works around the same time, and in some countries such restrictions still continue, though the collapse of the Soviet bloc has reduced their number.
Aw family
The Aw family is the family of Aw Chu Kin and his descendants. Aw Chu Kin started his business in then Burma, which his two sons expanded into a multi-national conglomerate that ranged from Chinese medicines to newspapers, as well as banks, insurance and real estate.

Sally Aw
Aw Sian also known as Sally Aw, OBE, DStJ, JP, (born 1932) is a Hong Kong businesswoman and daughter of the Burmese-born entrepreneur and newspaper proprietor Aw Boon-haw. Sally Aw was nicknamed Tiger Balm Lady as well as Chinese Howard Hughes.
Rabel (instrument)
The rabel (or arrabel, robel, rovel) is a bowed stringed instrument from Spain, a rustic folk-fiddle descended from the medieval rebec, with both perhaps descended from the Arab rabab. The instrument generally has two or three strings of gut or steel, or sometimes twisted horse-hair. The instrument is first mentioned in the 12th century, and it is still used in parts of Latin America, as well as the Spanish provinces of Cantabria and Asturias.

The rebel is often associates with secular instrumental music, and the most common rabel used in the Middles ages was the soprano.

Rebab
Rebab (Arabic: ربابة, rabāba, variously spelled rebap, rubob, rebeb, rababa, rabeba, robab, rubab, rebob, etc) is the name of several related string instruments that independently spread via Islamic trading routes over much of North Africa, Middle East, Central Asia, Southeast Asia, and parts of Europe. The instrument is typically bowed, but is sometimes plucked. It is one of the earliest known bowed instruments, named no later than the 8th century, and is the parent of many bowed and stringed instruments.
Double hyphen
In Latin script, the double hyphen ⹀ is a punctuation mark that consists of two parallel hyphens (‐). It was a development of the earlier double oblique hyphen ⸗, which developed from a Central European variant of the virgule slash, originally a form of scratch comma. Similar marks (see below) are used in other scripts.

In order to avoid it being confused with the equals sign =, the double hyphen is often shown as a double oblique hyphen in modern typography. The double hyphen is also not to be confused  with two consecutive hyphens (--), which are often used to represent an em dash — or en dash – due to the limitations of typewriters and keyboards that do not have distinct hyphen and dash keys.

Code point
A code point, codepoint or code position is a particular position in a table, where the position has been assigned a meaning. The table may be one dimensional (a column), two dimensional (like cells in a spreadsheet), three dimensional (sheets in a workbook), etc... in any number of dimensions.

Technically, a code point is a unique position in a quantized n-dimensional space, where the position has been assigned a semantic meaning. The table has discrete (whole) and positive positions (1, 2, 3, 4, but not fractions).

Code points are used in a multitude of formal information processing and telecommunication standards. For example ITU-T Recommendation T.35 contains a set of country codes for telecommunications equipment (originally fax machines) which allow equipment to indicate its country of manufacture or operation. In T.35, Argentina is represented by the code point 0x07, Canada by 0x20, Gambia by 0x41, etc.
Beqir Sadiku
Beqir Sadiku (8 November 1980 – 22 June 2001) also known as Commander Sllupçani, was an Albanian commander and prominent fighter of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) and the National Liberation Army (NLA). He played a significant role in the Kosovo War, the Insurgency in the Presevo Valley, and the Insurgency in Macedonia (2001). As a commander he participated in numerous battles such as the Battle of Paštrik, the Battle of Slupčane and the Battle of Aračinovo.

Skopska Crna Gora
Skopska Crna Gora or Karadak Mountains (Macedonian and Serbian: Скопска Црна Гора, pronounced [skôpskaː tsr̩̂ːnaː ɡǒra]; Albanian: Malësia e Karadakut), often called simply Crna Gora (Macedonian and Serbian: Црна Гора; Albanian: Mali i Zi), is a mountain range and ethnographic region in North Macedonia, Kosovo and Serbia. The highest peak is Ramno 1,651 m (5,417 ft) in Macedonia. The largest town on the mountain is Kučevište in North Macedonia.
Cardinal Stakes (Great Britain)
This article is about an English horse race.  For the American horse race with the same name, see Cardinal Stakes (USA).

The Cardinal Stakes is a flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old horses. It is run at Chelmsford City over a distance of 1 mile.

The race was run for the first time in 2019 as the last of seven races in the European Road to the Kentucky Derby series, through which horses earn points and the chance to qualify for the Kentucky Derby. It replaced Newcastle's Burradon Stakes in the European series. From 2025 the race will no longer be part of the Road to the Kentucky Derby series but the winner will receive an entry to the American Turf Stakes on the Kentucky Derby card.

American Turf Stakes
The American Turf Stakes is a Grade I American Thoroughbred horse race for three-year-olds run over a distance of 1+1⁄16 miles on turf held annually in early May on the Kentucky Derby day meeting at Churchill Downs in Louisville, Kentucky during the spring meeting.
Eugène Penancier
Eugène Penancier (French pronunciation: [øʒɛn pənɑ̃sje]; 24 February 1873 – 4 July 1955) was a French politician.  The first Deputy Prime Minister of France, he also served as Minister of Justice in the 1930s. He was born in Bray-sur-Seine and graduated from the University of Paris in 1897; his thesis was entitled Des Défauts et des périls de la législation actuelle sur les pensions de retraites civiles et des projets de réforme présentés jusqu'à ce jour. During his career he served as mayor of his birthplace, and was a Senator from Seine-et-Marne from 1920 until 1936. He was Justice Minister from January 31 to October 26, 1933, and again from January 30 to February 9, 1934, both under Édouard Daladier.  A street in Bray-sur-Seine bears his name.

Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice
Minister of Justice (French: Ministre de la Justice), formally known as Keeper of the Seals, Minister of Justice (Garde des Sceaux, ministre de la Justice [ɡaʁd de so ministʁ d(ə) la ʒystis]), is a cabinet position in the Government of France. The current minister of justice has been Gérald Darmanin since 2024. The ministry is headquartered on Place Vendôme in the 1st arrondissement of Paris.
Nineveh, Indiana
Nineveh is an unincorporated community in Nineveh Township, Johnson County, Indiana, United States.

Nineveh took its name from Nineveh Creek, which in turn is named after Nineveh Berry, a hunter who fell into the creek while hunting for deer.

The town also has the Cordry-Sweetwater branch library.

Scenes from the film Hoosiers were shot in the old Nineveh Elementary School, which was renamed "Hickory High School" for the film. Nineveh's last class of students attended here during the filming of the film in 1985, after which they relocated to Trafalgar to consolidate at Indian Creek Elementary School. The old school was lost to a fire just a few years after it was closed for consolidation.

Trafalgar, Indiana
Trafalgar is a town in Nineveh and Hensley townships, Johnson County, Indiana, United States. As of the 2020 census, Trafalgar had a population of 1,422.

This town is 20 miles (32 km) south of Indianapolis.
Native American women in Colonial America
Before and during the colonial period of North America, Native American women had a role in society that contrasted with that of the settlers.  Many women were leaders in Native American tribes. For example, Cherokee women worked in treaty negotiations with the United States, and women in the Haudenosaunee Confederacy acted, and continue to act, as political leaders and choose chiefs. Other women were delegated the task of caring for children and preparing meals; their other roles varied between tribal groups. In many tribes, such as the Algonquins and the Six Nations that compose the Haudenosaunee Confederacy, women were responsible for tending to the fields while the men were responsible for hunting. There were often long periods in which the men were not present. Thus, women played a major role in the family and exerted significant control over social and economic factors within the tribes.

Algonquian peoples
The Algonquians are one of the most populous and widespread North American Indigenous American groups, consisting of the peoples who speak Algonquian languages. They historically were prominent along the Atlantic Coast and in the interior regions along St. Lawrence River and around the Great Lakes.

Before contact with Europeans, most Algonquian settlements lived by hunting and fishing, with many of them supplementing their diet by cultivating corn, beans and squash (the "Three Sisters"). The Ojibwe cultivated wild rice.
Humber Bay
Humber Bay is a bay of Lake Ontario south of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. It is located between Ontario Place on the east and Mimico Creek to the west.  The bay gives its name to Etobicoke's Humber Bay neighbourhood.

Annie Craig
Annie Craig was a wooden screw steamer registered in Port Dover in 1880. With a net tonnage of 40 tons, she was able to carry about 300 passengers. She was lost on 3 August, 1885 due to fire while docked in Toronto. The boilers of the Annie Craig were salvaged.

The vessel was built as tug in 1879 by David Foster in Port Burwell, Ontario and rebuilt in Port Dover by Foster in 1880.
Magi (gamer)
Sasha Italia Sullivan, known by her gaming handle Magi, is an American professional Super Smash Bros. Melee player from Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Sullivan began her competitive gaming career in 2015. Mainly using the character Falco Lombardi, Sullivan's improving tournament placements led her to be ranked as a top 100 Melee player in the world by 2018, according to power rankings presented by Red Bull and esports team Panda. She is the first woman to appear on formal power rankings of Melee players.

Sullivan was sponsored by the esports team Beastcoast from 2021 to 2023, and was briefly sponsored by Counter Logic Gaming prior to its dissolution in 2023. Panda ranked her as the 21st best Melee player in early 2022.

Community Effort Orlando
Community Effort Orlando (often shortened to CEO) is an annual fighting game event held in Orlando, Florida. Introduced in 2010 and organized by Alex Jebailey, the event is known for its strong ties to the fighting game community. Fighting game players compete in a wrestling ring during the event's tournaments, and CEO has been a mainstay of the Capcom Pro Tour since its establishment in 2014. An annual side-event titled CEOtaku was initiated in 2015. From 2018 to 2024, CEO was held in Daytona Beach, Florida.
Scholte wave
A Scholte wave is a surface wave (interface wave) propagating at an interface between a fluid and an elastic solid medium (such as an interface between water and sand). The wave is of maximum intensity at the interface and decreases exponentially away from the interface into both the fluid and the solid medium.  It is named after J. G. Scholte, who discovered it in 1947. This wave is similar to a Stoneley wave, which propagates at a solid-solid interface, and a Rayleigh wave, which propagates at a vacuum-solid interface.

Rayleigh wave
Rayleigh waves are a type of surface acoustic wave that travel along the surface of solids. They can be produced in materials in many ways, such as by a localized impact or by piezo-electric transduction, and are frequently used in non-destructive testing for detecting defects. Rayleigh waves are part of the seismic waves that are produced on the Earth by earthquakes. When guided in layers they are referred to as Lamb waves, Rayleigh–Lamb waves, or generalized Rayleigh waves.
Barry Waterfront
Barry Waterfront or Waterfront Barry, known locally as The Waterfront, is a retail park and neighbourhood of Barry, Vale of Glamorgan, Wales, built from redeveloped land from the old Barry Docks, to the southwest of the town centre and to the immediate west of Barry Dock Offices. It is accessed via the Gladstone Bridge from Broad Street, to the south of Barry Memorial Hall, and along the Ffordd-Y-Mileniwm road from the southeast, leading on from Cardiff Road approached via Palmerston.

King Square, Barry
King Square is a town square in central Barry, Wales located at a central shopping point of Holton Road.

The square was originally known as Council Square after the Town Hall was opened in 1908. In June 1910 it was proposed it was renamed King Edward Square after Edward VII, but as the proclamation ceremony of George V's ascent to the throne had been held there the previous month, it was renamed simply, as King Square.

The square underwent much renovation in the early 2000s. Today, it houses the Barry Council Office and Library, Art Central Gallery and several bus stops.

The square hosts a Christmas tree every year, though it is sometime the victim of practical jokes. In December 2014 it was the location of what was described as the "best Christmas lights switch-on" in Wales, when a 10-minute animated show was projected onto the facade of the Town Hall.
Kemerton Court
Kemerton Court is the principal manor house of the village of Kemerton, near Tewkesbury in Gloucestershire.

The house is built of local Cotswold stone, dating from the late 16th century onwards. In the early 18th century a 9-bay baroque façade of some elegance was added by the squire, John Parsons III (1649–1722).  Thomas White of Worcester and the Smiths of Warwick have been variously suggested as the architects. It is a Grade II* listed building.

Kemerton Court is set in parkland and is surrounded by a farming estate of around 1,300 acres (5.3 km2).  It is owned by conservationist Adrian Darby, president of Plantlife and former chairman of the RSPB. He is married to Lady Meriel Darby, daughter of the former Prime Minister, Alec Douglas-Home, 14th Earl of Home, who was a frequent visitor to the Court.

English Baroque architecture
English Baroque is a term used to refer to modes of English architecture that paralleled Baroque architecture in continental Europe between the Great Fire of London (1666) and roughly 1720, when the flamboyant and dramatic qualities of Baroque art were abandoned in favour of the more chaste rule-based Neo-classical forms espoused by the proponents of Palladianism.

It is primarily embodied in the works of Christopher Wren, Nicholas Hawksmoor, John Vanbrugh, and James Gibbs, although a handful of lesser architects such as Thomas Archer also produced buildings of significance. In domestic architecture and interior decor, Baroque qualities can sometimes be seen in the late phase of the Restoration style, and the William and Mary style, the Queen Anne style, and early Georgian architecture are varieties of Baroque.
2011–12 West Ham United F.C. season
The 2011–12 season was West Ham United's first season back in the Football League Championship, after being relegated from the Premier League at the conclusion of 2010–11 campaign. They also competed in the League Cup and the FA Cup. It was their first season under Sam Allardyce, who was appointed in May 2011 after the sacking of the club's previous manager, Avram Grant. On 19 May 2012, West Ham gained promotion back to the Premier League at the first attempt, as they won the play-off final by defeating Blackpool 2–1 at Wembley.

2010–11 West Ham United F.C. season
The 2010–11 season was West Ham United's sixth consecutive season in the Premier League. After finishing in 17th place in the previous season, the team finished 20th and was relegated to the Football League Championship.
Snake (1808 ship)
Snake was probably launched in Spain in 1802 and was a prize that came into British hands in 1808. Her first owner employed her a privateer, but in 1810 sold her. Thereafter she sailed between London or Plymouth and the Cape of Good Hope (CGH), or between 1809 and 1816 in the Post Office Packet Service from Falmouth. Afterwards she sailed between London and South America. She was last listed in 1824.

Post Office Packet Service
The Post Office Packet Service dates to Tudor times and ran until 1823, when the Admiralty assumed control of the service. Originally, the Post Office used packet ships to carry mail packets to and from British embassies, colonies and outposts. The vessels generally also carried bullion, private goods and passengers. The ships were usually lightly armed and relied on speed for their security. However, Britain was at war almost continuously during the 18th and early 19th centuries with the result that packet ships did get involved in naval engagements with enemy warships and privateers, and were occasionally captured.
Sekai Shindokyo
Sekai Shindokyo (世界心道教, Sekai Shindōkyō) is a Japanese new religion derived from Tenrikyo. It was founded by Hide Aida (会田 ヒデ, Aida Hide) (1898–1973). It is headquartered at 101 Suwa 2-chōme, Toyokawa, Aichi, Japan.

Japanese new religions
Japanese new religions are new religious movements established in Japan. In Japanese, they are called shinshūkyō (新宗教) or shinkō shūkyō (新興宗教). Japanese scholars classify all religious organizations founded since the middle of the 19th century as "new religions"; thus, the term refers to a great diversity and number of organizations. Most came into being in the mid-to-late twentieth century and are influenced by much older traditional religions including Buddhism and Shinto. Foreign influences include Islam and  Christianity, the Bible, and the writings of Nostradamus.
Ke (Armenian letter)
Keh, or Kʼe (majuscule: Ք; minuscule: ք; Armenian: քե; Classical Armenian: քէ) is the thirty-sixth letter of the Armenian alphabet. It represents the voiceless aspirated velar plosive (/kʰ/) in both Eastern and Western varieties of Armenian. Created by Mesrop Mashtots in the 5th century, it has a numerical value of 9000. Its shape in lowercase form resembles to the Latin letter P (p), but stroked, and in cursive, the lowercase form resembles the letter ɬ (the voiceless alveolar lateral fricative).

Armenian alphabet
The Armenian alphabet (Armenian: Հայոց գրեր, romanized: Hayocʼ grer or Հայոց այբուբեն, Hayocʼ aybuben) or, more broadly, the Armenian script, is an alphabetic writing system developed for Armenian and occasionally used to write other languages. It was developed around 405 AD by Mesrop Mashtots, an Armenian linguist and ecclesiastical leader. The script originally had 36 letters. Eventually, two more were adopted in the 13th century. In the reformed Armenian orthography (1920s), the ligature և, ev, is also treated as a letter, bringing the total number of letters to 39.

The Armenian word for 'alphabet' is այբուբեն, aybuben, named after the first two letters of the Armenian alphabet: ⟨Ա⟩ այբ, ayb, and ⟨Բ⟩ բեն, ben. Armenian is written horizontally, left to right.
Sirasa FM
Sirasa FM is a Sinhala language radio station in Sri Lanka. MBC Networks, a subsidiary of Sri Lankan conglomerate Capital Maharaja Group, operate the radio station. It is one of the three successful radio stations started by MBC Networks in the 1990s. The other two being Yes FM and Shakthi FM. The programming of the radio station includes talk shows, and Sinhala and Hindi top hits. Sirasa FM is the first private media organisation to be allowed to broadcast news in Sri Lanka. However, Sirasa FM was banned broadcasting news after the station broadcast a false report of a nonexistent countrywide curfew. The ban was not lifted for two months.

Shakthi FM
Shakthi FM is a Sri Lankan Tamil language channel available on air. Shakthi ("power"), from Tantric Shaktism is the female divine energy of creation. One of the  Tamil radio channel with island-wide coverage, including the Jaffna Peninsula and most parts of the North Eastern Province of Sri Lanka, Shakthi FM broadcasts music, live news, interactive interviews and a host of other programme formats that are innovations in Tamil radio in Sri Lanka. shakthi.fm is a website almost have all Tamil mp3 songs.
Kaidan botan dōrō
Kaidan Botan Dōrō (怪談牡丹燈籠) (Peony lantern kaidan) is a story inspired by the Chinese influenced kaidan Botan Dōrō. Published as a stenography narrated and created by the rakugo artist San'yūtei Enchō and written with the aid of both Sakai Shōzō (酒井昇造) and Wakabayashi Kanzō (若林玵蔵). Published in 1886, it is considered a famous kaidan in Japan.

Kaidan
Kaidan (怪談; sometimes transliterated kwaidan) is a Japanese word consisting of two kanji: 怪 (kai) meaning 'strange, mysterious, rare, or bewitching apparition' and 談 (dan) meaning 'talk' or 'recited narrative'.

In its broadest sense, kaidan refers to any ghost story or horror story, but it has an old-fashioned ring to it that carries the connotation of Edo period Japanese folktales. The term is no longer as widely used in Japanese as it once was: Japanese horror books and films such as Ju-on and Ring would more likely be labeled by the katakana horā (ホラー; 'horror'). Kaidan is only used if the author/director wishes to give an old-fashioned air to the story.
Wood Farm, Oxfordshire
Wood Farm is a suburb of Oxford, England, 3.5 miles (5.6 km) southeast of the city centre. It is mainly made up of social housing built in the 1950s to 1960s, originally to house workers of the nearby car factory. It is near to Headington, Cowley and Morrell Avenue.

Headington
Headington is an eastern suburb of Oxford, in the county of Oxfordshire, England. It is at the top of Headington Hill overlooking the city in the Thames valley below, and bordering Marston to the north-west, Cowley to the south, and Barton and Risinghurst to the east. The life of the large residential area is centred upon London Road, the main road between London and Oxford.
Silhak Museum
37°30′58″N 127°18′02″E﻿ / ﻿37.516006°N 127.300622°E﻿ / 37.516006; 127.300622

The Silhak Museum (Korean: 실학박물관) is a museum located in Namyangju, South Korea. The museum is devoted mainly to the study of the historical development of South Korea.

Namyangju
Namyangju (Korean: 남양주; Korean pronunciation: [na.mjaŋ.dʑu]) is a city in Gyeonggi Province, South Korea. To the east is Gapyeong County, to the west is Guri, and to the north is Pocheon. Namyangju was originally a southern part of Yangju-gun, but was separated into Namyangju-gun in April 1980. In 1995, Migeum-si and Namyangju-gun were merged to form an urban and rural complex. The city hall is located in Geumgok-dong and Dasan-dong, and the administrative districts are 6-eup, 3-myeon, and 7-dong.