hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mahmoud Freihat
Mahmoud Freihat (Arabic: محمود فريحات, romanized: Maḥmūd Frayḥāt; January 1, 1960) is a retired Jordanian lieutenant general who served as the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the Jordanian Armed Forces from 2016 to 2019. Known for his focus on military modernization and regional security, Freihat played a key role in strengthening Jordan's defense capabilities and fostering international military cooperation, particularly with the United States and NATO allies. During his tenure, Jordan contributed significantly to the Global Coalition to Defeat ISIS and enhanced border security amidst regional instability.

Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff (Jordan)
The Chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, previously the Chief of Staff, is the office for the head of the Jordanian Armed Forces held by a lieutenant general or higher ranking officer.

Major general Yousef Huneiti is the current Chairman, who was appointed to this position on 24 July 2019. Huneiti is the first Jordanian Air Force commander to be appointed Chairman.
Ținutul Bucegi
Ținutul Bucegi (draft version: Ținutul Argeș) was one of the ten Romanian ținuturi ("lands") founded in 1938, after King Carol II initiated an institutional reform by modifying the 1923 Constitution and the law of territorial administration. Named after the Bucegi Mountains and extending over historical areas of Wallachia and South-Eastern Transylvania, it had its capital in the city of Bucharest. Ținutul Bucegi ceased to exist following the territorial losses of Romania (Second Vienna Award) and the king's abdication in 1940.

Bucegi Mountains
The Bucegi Mountains (Romanian: Munții Bucegi [ˈmuntsij buˈtʃedʒʲ] ⓘ) are located in central Romania, south of the city of Brașov. They are part of the Southern Carpathians group of the Carpathian Mountains. At 2,505 m (8,219 ft), Omu is its highest point.

To the east, the Bucegi Mountains have a very steep slope towards the popular tourist destinations in the Prahova Valley, such as Bușteni and Sinaia. At a higher elevation is the Bucegi Plateau, where wind and rain have turned the rocks into spectacular figures such as the Sphinx and Babele.

The Bucegi is believed to be the Dacian holy mountain Kogainon, on which the God Zalmoxis resided in a cave.
Nathan Lovejoy
Nathan Lovejoy (born 2 December 1981) is an Australian actor, known for his roles as Principal Swift on the Disney Channel sci-fi teen sitcom  Gabby Duran & the Unsittables, for which he was nominated for a Daytime Creative Arts Emmy Award for Outstanding Principal Performance in a Children's Program; and as Borkman in the Australian comedy series Sammy J & Randy in Ricketts Lane, for which he was nominated for an AACTA Award for Best Performance in a Television Comedy.

He also appeared as Felix Rolleston in the TV movie The Mystery of a Hansom Cab and Will Sharp in season 2 of the ABC political thriller The Code.

AACTA Awards
The Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts Awards, known as the AACTA Awards, are presented annually by the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts (AACTA). The awards recognise excellence in the film and television industry, both locally and internationally, including the producers, directors, actors, writers, and cinematographers. It is the most prestigious awards ceremony for the Australian film and television industry. They are generally considered to be the Australian counterpart of the Academy Awards for the United States and the BAFTA Awards for the United Kingdom.

The awards, previously called Australian Film Institute Awards or AFI Awards, began in 1958, and involved 30 nominations across six categories. They expanded in 1986 to cover television as well as film. The AACTA Awards were instituted in 2011. The AACTA International Awards, inaugurated on 27 January 2012, are presented every January in Los Angeles.
2024 UK Open
The 2024 UK Open, known as the 2024 Ladbrokes UK Open for sponsorship reasons, was a professional darts tournament that was held from 1–3 March 2024 Butlin's in Minehead, England. It was the twenty-second UK Open to be staged by the Professional Darts Corporation. The tournament featured 158 participants which comprised PDC Tour Card holders, PDC Challenge/Development Tour players and amateur qualifiers.

Andrew Gilding was the defending champion after defeating Michael van Gerwen 11–10 in the 2023 final to win his first major title, but he lost 10–1 to Peter Wright in the fifth round.

Dimitri Van den Bergh beat Luke Humphries 11–10 to win the UK Open for the first time in his career.

UK Open
The Ladbrokes UK Open is a ranking major darts tournament held annually at the Butlins Minehead Resort by the Professional Darts Corporation (PDC) in England. The event is often referred to as the "FA Cup of darts" as it has an unseeded open draw made after each round, and entry is open to players at all levels of darts. One-hundred-and-sixty players compete in the multi-board event over eight-stages before the PDC’s Top 32 enter the tournament in the fourth round. The tournament has a prize fund of £600,000; the victor’s prize is £110,000.
Hend Sabry
Hend Sabry (Arabic: هند صبري, born 1979) is a Tunisian actress and producer. One of the Arab world's best known actresses, she is known for her film and television roles including:The Silences of the Palace,The Yacoubian Building, The Flower Of Aleppo, Finding Ola, and Four Daughters.

The Silences of the Palace
The Silences of the Palace (Arabic: صمت القصور, romanized: ṣamt al-quṣūr) is a 1994 Tunisian film co-written and directed by Moufida Tlatli. The film investigates issues of gender, class and sexuality in the Arab world through the lives of two generations of women at a prince's palace. Seen through the eyes of an attractive young wedding singer, it exposes the sexual and social servitude of a group of women in an elaborate palace during the French Protectorate in Tunisia. Tlatli wrote the film in response to her own mother's sudden severe illness and her subsequent realization of how little she knew about her life.
Vilkkanundu Swapnangal
Vilkkanundu Swapnangal (transl. Dreams for Sale) is a 1980 Indian Malayalam-language drama film, directed by Azad, written by M.T. Vasudevan Nair and produced by V. B. K. Menon. The film stars Sukumaran, Srividya, Sudheer, Bahadoor and Sreenivasan. The film also features Mammootty, in his first credited role.

The film explores the Middle East boom that happened in Kerala in the late seventies and early eighties, when people started to go there in search of jobs with a higher pay. The film explores this through Rajagopal (Sukumaran) who goes to the middle east as an illegal immigrant to support his family.

Bahadoor
Padiyath Kochumoideen Kunjalu (1930 – 22 May 2000), better known by his stage name Bahadoor, was an Indian actor who appeared in Malayalam films, primarily in comedic roles. He and Adoor Bhasi were the two major comedians in Malayalam cinema in the 1960s and 1970s. Bahadoor also appeared in character roles and in professional plays.

Bahadoor won three Kerala State Film Awards, including two Second Best Actor and a Best Comedian.
Muskegon Muskies
The Muskegon Muskies were a minor league baseball team based in Muskegon, Michigan. The Muskegon "Muskies" played in the 1917 season and from 1920 to 1922 as members of the Class B level Central League. After the Central League folded, Muskegon continued play as member of the members of the Class B level Michigan-Ontario League in 1923 and 1924, playing as the Muskegon "Anglers." The Muskegon Muskies and Anglers teams hosted minor league home games at Marsh Field, which is still in use today.

Central League (1900)
The Central League was a minor league baseball league that operated sporadically in 1900, from 1903–1917, 1920–1922, 1926, 1928–1930, 1934, and 1948–1951. In 1926, the league merged mid-season with the Michigan State League and played under that name for the remainder of the season. The Central League later reformed in 1928.

The Central League hosted teams from 37 cities over its six decades of league play. Teams from the states of Indiana, Illinois, Michigan, Ohio, Pennsylvania and West Virginia were represented.
Astra 5°E
Astra 5°E is the name for the Astra communications satellites co-located at the 5° east position in the Clarke Belt which are owned and operated by SES based in Betzdorf, Luxembourg. 5° east is one of the major TV satellite positions serving Europe (the others being at 19.2° east, 28.2° east, 13° east, and 23.5° east).

The Astra satellites at 5° east provide for services downlinking to the Nordic countries, Eastern Europe and sub-Saharan Africa in the 11.70 GHz-12.75 GHz range of the Ku band, and at present the Astra 4A and the SES-5 are regularly operational at this position.

Satellites at 5°E were originally operated by Swedish Space Corporation (SSC), and then Nordic Satellite AB (NSAB, itself 50% owned by SSC) before SES took full control of the position and the satellites in 2010, renaming the Sirius 4 satellite to Astra 4A and later adding its own Astra 1E to the group followed by the SES-5.

SES-5
SES-5 (also known as Astra 4B and Sirius 5) is a commercial geostationary communication satellite operated by SES It was launched on 9 July 2012. The launch was arranged by International Launch Services (ILS).
Battle for Río San Juan de Nicaragua
The battle for Río San Juan de Nicaragua was one of several battles that took place during the Anglo-Spanish War, a subconflict of the Seven Years' War, which lasted from December 1761 until February 1763. The conflict, which took place in July–August 1762, began when William Lyttelton, the British governor and commander-in-chief of Jamaica, sent a naval expedition to Nicaragua with the primary objective of capturing the town of Granada.

Granada, Nicaragua
Granada (Spanish pronunciation: [ɡɾaˈnaða]) is a city in western Nicaragua and the capital of the Granada Department. With an estimated population of 105,862 (2022), it is Nicaragua's ninth most populous city. Granada is historically one of Nicaragua's most important cities, economically and politically. It has a rich colonial heritage, seen in its architecture and structure.

Granada had a thriving indigenous population. In 1524, the city was renamed Granada, by Francisco Hernández de Córdoba, ostensibly the first European city in mainland America. Unlike other cities that claim the same distinction, the city of Granada was not only the settlement of the conquest, but also a city registered in official records of the Crown of Aragon, and the Kingdom of Castile in Spain.

Granada is also known as La Gran Sultana, in the reflection of its Moorish and Andalusian appearance, unlike its sister city and historical rival León, which displays Castilian trends.
Hills of Oklahoma
Hills of Oklahoma is a 1950 American Western film directed by R. G. Springsteen and written by Olive Cooper and Victor Arthur. The film stars Rex Allen, Elisabeth Fraser, Elisabeth Risdon, Robert Karnes, Fuzzy Knight and Roscoe Ates. It was released on June 1, 1950 by Republic Pictures.

Fuzzy Knight
John Forrest "Fuzzy" Knight (May 9, 1901 – February 23, 1976) was an American film and television actor. He was also a singer, especially in his early career. He appeared in more than 180 films between 1928 and 1967, usually as a cowboy hero's comic sidekick.
Burt E. Kennedy
Burt E. Kennedy (February 22, 1883 – July 16, 1935) was an American college football and college basketball coach. He served as the head football coach at Olivet College—now known as the University of Olivet—in Olivet, Michigan from 1904 to 1907 and Lake Forest College in Lake Forest, Illinois from 1908 to 1913.

Lake Forest College
Lake Forest College is a private liberal arts college in Lake Forest, Illinois, United States. Founded in 1857 as Lind University by a group of Presbyterian ministers, the college has been coeducational since 1876 and an undergraduate-focused liberal arts institution since 1903. Lake Forest enrolls approximately 1,800 students representing 43 states and 114 countries. Lake Forest offers 34 undergraduate majors and 49 minor programs in the humanities, social sciences, and natural sciences, and features programs of study in pre-law, pre-medicine, communication, business, finance, and computer science. Most students live on the college's wooded 107-acre (43 ha) campus located 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from the Lake Michigan shore; however, the population of commuting students has increased in the past few years.

Lake Forest is affiliated with the Associated Colleges of the Midwest. The college has 23 varsity teams that compete in the NCAA Division III Midwest Conference.
Torrance School
The Torrance School, also known as Torrance High School Annex and originally as Torrance Elementary School, is located on the campus of Torrance High School in Torrance, southwestern Los Angeles County, California.

Torrance High School
Torrance High School is a high school located in Torrance, California. Founded in 1917, it is one of the oldest high schools in continuous use in California and is the oldest of the five high schools in the Torrance Unified School District. Four of its buildings are listed on the U.S. National Register of Historic Places.

Torrance High School is a popular filming location for television and motion picture production. It is most widely known for its appearance in high-profile television shows, including Beverly Hills, 90210 and Buffy the Vampire Slayer. It is the alma mater of broadcaster Paul Moyer, Medal of Honor recipient Ted Tanouye, World War II prisoner of war Louis Zamperini, professional golfer Angela Park and professional golfer Jenny Shin.
Coursera
Coursera Inc. (/kərˈsɛrə/) is an American for-profit online university, earlier operating as a global massive open online course provider from 2012 until 2021. It was founded in 2012 by Stanford University computer science professors Andrew Ng and Daphne Koller. Coursera works with universities and other organizations to offer online courses, certifications, and degrees in a variety of subjects.

On February 2, 2021, Coursera announced its B Corporation certification from B Lab and its transformation into a Public Benefit Corporation.

As of 2023, more than 300 universities and companies were offering courses through Coursera, and by 2024, the number of courses available had risen to approximately 7,000.

In December 2024, Gerg Hart, who served 23 years as Technical Advisor to Jeff Bezos at Amazon  was hired as Coursera's new CEO and ended the opportunity to audit courses for free, putting all of the previously free university courses under a paywall starting at USD49 per month.

Massive open online course
A massive open online course (MOOC /muːk/) or an open online course is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the Web. In addition to traditional course materials, such as filmed lectures, readings, and problem sets, many MOOCs provide interactive courses with user forums or social media discussions to support community interactions among students, professors, and teaching assistants (TAs), as well as immediate feedback to quick quizzes and assignments. MOOCs are a widely researched development in distance education, first introduced in 2008, that emerged as a popular mode of learning in 2012.

Early MOOCs (cMOOCs: Connectivist MOOCs) often emphasized open-access features, such as open licensing of content, structure and learning goals, to promote the reuse and remixing of resources.  Some later MOOCs (xMOOCs: extended MOOCs) use closed licenses for their course materials while maintaining free access for students.
Boxford Roman mosaic
Boxford Roman mosaic is a mosaic at Boxford, West Berkshire, England, discovered during an archaeological dig in August 2017. It dates from the Roman period. The 4th century (AD) mosaic is over 6 metres (20 ft) long. Its central panel is thought to show Bellerophon, at the court of either Iobates or Proteus, battling Chimera.

Anthony Beeson, an expert on Roman mosaics, said it is "without question the most exciting mosaic discovery made in Britain in the last 50 years and must take a premier place amongst those Romano-British works of art that have come down to modern Britons."

Bellerophon
Bellerophon or Bellerophontes (Ancient Greek: Βελλεροφῶν; Βελλεροφόντης; lit. "slayer of Belleros") or Hipponous (Ancient Greek: Ἱππόνοος; lit. "horse-knower"), was a divine Corinthian hero of Greek mythology, the son of Poseidon and Eurynome, and the foster son of Glaukos. He was "the greatest hero and slayer of monsters, alongside Cadmus and Perseus, before the days of Heracles". Among his greatest feats was killing the Chimera of the Iliad, a monster that Homer depicted with a lion's head, a goat's body, and a serpent's tail: "her breath came out in terrible blasts of burning flame."

Bellerophon was also known for capturing and taming the winged horse Pegasus with the help of Athena's charmed bridle, and earning the disfavour of the gods after attempting to ride Pegasus to Mount Olympus.
Ellis River (New Zealand)
The Ellis River is a river of the northwestern South Island of New Zealand. It arises near Mount Arthur in the Wharepapa / Arthur Range and flows south-east within Kahurangi National Park.  It is a tributary of the Baton River.

Baton River
The Baton River is a river in the Tasman District of the South Island of New Zealand. It rises near the Baton Saddle in the Arthur Range and flows ESE then northeast before feeding into the Motueka River 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) south of Woodstock. A tramping track follows the upper part of the river valley, leading to the Karamea-Leslie track and Kahurangi National Park.
Ludvig Meyer
Ludvig Meyer (22 April 1861 – 3 January 1938) was a Norwegian barrister, newspaper editor and politician. He belonged to the Norwegian Labour Party 1891 to 1903, and was both party leader,
party secretary as well as editor of the party organ Social-Demokraten for a period. Before this he had made his mark as the defender of writer Hans Jæger.

Public defender
A public defender is a lawyer appointed to represent people who otherwise cannot reasonably afford to hire a lawyer to defend themselves in a trial. Several countries provide people with public defenders, including the UK, Belgium, Hungary and Singapore, and some states of Australia. Brazil is the only country in which an office of government-paid lawyers with the specific purpose of providing full legal assistance and representation to the needy free of charge is established in the constitution. The Sixth Amendment to the US Constitution, as interpreted by the Supreme Court, requires the US government to provide legal counsel to indigent defendants in criminal cases. Public defenders in the United States are lawyers employed by or under contract with county, state or federal governments.
Kupu
Kupu was a 'document-centric' open source client-side editor for Mozilla, Netscape and Internet Explorer. Inspired by Maik Jablonski's Epoz editor, it was written by Paul Everitt, Guido Wesdorp and Philipp von Weitershausen (and several other contributors, for a complete list refer to the CREDITS.txt file) to improve the JavaScript code and architecture, pluggability, standards support, support for other webservers than Zope (which was the original target platform for Epoz), configurability and a lot of other issues.

Kupu was replaced by TinyMCE as the default WYSIWYG editor for Plone CMS in version 4.

Kupu is mostly maintained by Duncan Booth. It is made available under a BSD-style license.

Content management system
A content management system (CMS) is a computer software used to manage the creation and modification of digital content (content management).
It is typically used for enterprise content management (ECM) and web content management (WCM). ECM typically supports multiple users in a collaborative environment, by integrating document management, digital asset management, and record retention. Alternatively, WCM is the collaborative authoring for websites and may include text and embed graphics, photos, video, audio, maps, and program code that display content and interact with the user. ECM typically includes a WCM function.
Coherence (signal processing)
In signal processing, the coherence is a statistic that can be used to examine the relation between two signals or data sets. It is commonly used to estimate the power transfer between input and output of a linear system. If the signals are ergodic, and the system function is linear, it can be used to estimate the causality between the input and output.

Linear system
In systems theory, a linear system is a mathematical model of a system based on the use of a linear operator.
Linear systems typically exhibit features and properties that are much simpler than the nonlinear case.
As a mathematical abstraction or idealization, linear systems find important applications in automatic control theory, signal processing, and telecommunications. For example, the propagation medium for wireless communication systems can often be
modeled by linear systems.
Imran Khwaja
Imran Khwaja (also known as Imran Hamid Khwaja or Imran Khawaja) is a
Singaporean cricket administrator and lawyer. He has been Deputy Chairman of the International Cricket Council (ICC) since 2017. When Shashank Manohar resigned in 2020, Khwaja took over as interim chairman – making him the first person from Singapore to hold this position. Before that, Khwaja was a managing partner at a Singapore law firm and served as president of the Singapore Cricket Association.

Singapore Cricket Association
Singapore Cricket Association is the official governing body of the sport of cricket in Singapore. Its current headquarters is in Stadium Crescent, Singapore. Singapore Cricket Association is Singapore's representative at the International Cricket Council and is an associate member and has been a member of that body since 1974. It is also a member of the Asian Cricket Council.
Type 1945 destroyer
The Type 1945 destroyers were a planned class of destroyers, for the Kriegsmarine, whose design was based upon that of the Type 1936D and E destroyers. Their plan involved a return to steam boilers, which had been replaced by diesel engines in all ships designs after the Type 1942 destroyers. No ships were ever built, as the end of the war was rapidly approaching.

German destroyer Z51
Z51 was the only ship of the Type 1942 destroyer class built for the Kriegsmarine. She was the only destroyer built by the Kriegsmarine to use diesel fuel, which would have given it a longer range and readier access to refueling compared to fuel oil. The Type 1942 destroyer class went through a long period of development, including four total designs. Z51 was ordered on 25 November 1942, and launched on 2 October 1944, far before being finished, likely to clear her slipway for U-boat construction. She was left floating outside Bremen and was sunk in an air raid on 21 March 1945. Germany attempted to communicate the plans for the Type 1942 destroyer to its ally the Empire of Japan using a submarine, U-234, however Germany surrendered before the submarine reached Japan. Z51 was broken up between 1948 and 1949.
Rubber Tires
Rubber Tires (called Ten Thousand Reward in the UK) is a 1927 American silent film comedy adventure directed by Alan Hale, Sr. and produced by Cecil B. DeMille through his DeMille Pictures Corporation. The film was distributed by PDC (Producers Distributing Corporation). It stars Bessie Love, May Robson, and Harrison Ford.

The film survives in 16 mm format and has been released on home video. The film is also in the public domain and is preserved in the Internet Archive.

May Robson
Mary Jeanette Robison (19 April 1858 – 20 October 1942), known professionally as May Robson, was an Australian-born America-based actress whose career spanned 58 years, starting in 1883 when she was 25. A major stage actress of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, she is remembered for the dozens of films she appeared in during the 1930s, when she was in her 70s.

Robson was the earliest-born person, and the first Australian to be nominated for an Academy Award (for her leading role in Lady for a Day in 1933).