hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edwin H. Land Medal
The Edwin H. Land Medal is jointly presented by The Optical Society and the Society for Imaging Science and Technology (IS&T). The Land Medal was established in 1992 to honor the noted scientist and entrepreneur Edwin H. Land, who is noted for his invention of instant photography, for founding the Polaroid Corporation, and for developing the theory of Retinex, amongst many other accomplishments. It is funded by the Polaroid Foundation, the Polaroid Retirees Association and by individual contributors Manfred Heiting, Theodore Voss and John J. McCann.  The medal honors individuals who, using the science of optics, "have demonstrated pioneering entrepreneurial activity that has had a major impact on the public."

Optica (society)
Optica, founded as the Optical Society of America (later the Optical Society), is a professional society of individuals and companies with an interest in optics and photonics. It publishes journals, organizes conferences and exhibitions, and carries out charitable activities.
Theodore Roosevelt bibliography
This Theodore Roosevelt bibliography lists the works written by Theodore Roosevelt. Roosevelt was a diligent and skilled writer. When he lost his fortune in the Dakota Territory in 1886 and needed to make a living to support his family, he did so for the rest of his life by writing. Roosevelt wrote on a wide range of topics and genres, including history (The Naval War of 1812), autobiography, biography (Oliver Cromwell), commentary and editorials (whole series for the Kansas City Star and The Outlook), memoirs (of his experiences in Cuba leading the Rough Riders), nature (Summer Birds of the Adirondacks), and guide books (New York: Historic Towns). In addition, by one estimate Roosevelt wrote more than 150,000 letters. In his style, Roosevelt could be strong, introspective, exuberant, or angry—the subject dictated the style.

The Naval War of 1812
The Naval War of 1812 is Theodore Roosevelt's first book, published in 1882. It covers the naval battles and technology used during the War of 1812. It is considered a seminal work in its field, and had a massive impact on the formation of the modern United States Navy.
Tjaša Kysselef
Tjaša Kysselef (born 27 April 1993) is a Slovenian artistic gymnast and a member of the Slovenian national team. Throughout her career, she has primarily competed as a vault specialist and has been successful on the FIG World Cup circuit. She has represented Slovenia at seven World Championships: 2009, 2010, 2015, 2017, 2018, 2019 and 2021. She is the 2018 Mediterranean Games vault silver medalist.

2018 Mediterranean Games
The 2018 Mediterranean Games (Catalan: Jocs Mediterranis de 2018, Spanish: Juegos Mediterráneos de 2018), officially known as the XVIII Mediterranean Games (Catalan: XVIII Jocs Mediterranis, Spanish: XVIII Juegos Mediterráneos) and commonly known as Tarragona 2018, was an international multi-sport event held from 22 June to 1 July 2018 in Tarragona, Catalonia, Spain. Tarragona was announced as the host city at the ICMG General Assembly in Mersin, Turkey, on 15 October 2011.
Merangin F.C.
Merangin Football Club, commonly known as simply Merangin FC, is an Indonesia association football club based in Merangin Regency, Jambi. The football club currently plays in Liga 4 which is the last tier in Indonesian football. In 2016, Merangin FC became the champion of 2016 ISC Liga Nusantara Jambi zone, as well as representing Jambi province in the national round of Liga Nusantara.

Jambi
Jambi is a province of Indonesia. It is located on the east coast of central Sumatra and stretches to the Barisan Mountains in the west. Its capital and largest city is also called Jambi. It is bordered by the provinces of Riau to the north, West Sumatra to the west, Bengkulu to the southwest, South Sumatra to the south, and shares a maritime border with the Riau Islands to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the east. The province has a land area of 49,026.58 km2, and a sea area of 3,274.95 km2. Its area is comparable to the European country of Slovakia or Smolensk Oblast. It had a population of 3,092,265 according to the 2010 census and 3,548,228 according to the 2020 census; the official estimate of population as of mid-2024 was 3,745,746 (comprising 1,893,490 males and 1,830,790 females).
Jeremy Ball
Jeremy Dacre Ball (10 August 1968 – 15 September 2014) was an Australian politician, actor and activist. Ball served as the deputy mayor of Launceston, Tasmania's second-largest city, from 2011 until his death in 2014 due to a car accident.

He was a member of the Tasmanian Greens, the state chapter of the Australian Greens.

Ball also worked as a professional actor during the late 1990s. He was best known for his portrayal of Warren Harvey in the 1997 ABC television series, Fallen Angels, as well as a small role as a businessman in The Matrix in 1999.

Tasmanian Greens
The Tasmanian Greens are a political party in Australia which developed from numerous environmental campaigns in Tasmania, including the flooding of Lake Pedder and the Franklin Dam campaign. They form a part of the Australian Greens.

Following the 2025 Tasmanian election, the party holds four seats in the Tasmanian House of Assembly, and is currently led by Rosalie Woodruff. At a federal level, two Tasmanian senators – Nick McKim and Peter Whish-Wilson – are members of the Greens.

The party's current shadow ministry can be found at Woodruff Shadow Ministry.
30th (Howitzer) Brigade Royal Field Artillery
XXX (Howitzer) Brigade, Royal Field Artillery was a brigade of the Royal Field Artillery which served in the First World War.

It was originally formed with 128th, 129th and 130th (Howitzer) Batteries, each equipped with 4.5" howitzers, and attached to 3rd Infantry Division. In August 1914, it mobilised and was sent to the Continent with the British Expeditionary Force, where it saw service with 3rd Division until broken up.

In May 1916, the artillery brigades of infantry divisions were reorganised; the pure howitzer brigades were disbanded, and their batteries attached individually to field brigades, in order to produce mixed brigades of three field batteries and one howitzer battery. Accordingly, the brigade was broken up and the batteries dispersed; 128th to 29th Brigade, 129th to 42nd Brigade, and 130th to 40th Brigade.

40th Brigade Royal Field Artillery
XL Brigade, Royal Field Artillery was a brigade of the Royal Field Artillery which served in the First World War.

It was originally formed with 6th, 23rd and 49th Batteries, and attached to 3rd Infantry Division. In August 1914, it mobilised and was sent to the Continent with the British Expeditionary Force, where it saw service with 3rd Division throughout the war. 130th (Howitzer) Battery joined the brigade in May 1916.
NRJ (Belgium)
NRJ Belgique is a private Belgian radio station broadcasting in Wallonia and Brussels, and is the Belgian version of the popular French radio station NRJ.

A Flemish NRJ was launched on 3 September 2018. Airing in Dutch, it is owned by SBS Belgium and Mediahuis, which propose programming independently from the NRJ Group (unlike its French-language counterpart). Starting in September 2023, this station switched to a non-stop music format (only interrupted with news and advertising) and stopped broadcasting on FM, becoming a DAB+-only station.

NRJ
Nouvelle Radio Jeune (Acronym: NRJ, French pronunciation: [enɛʁʒi], lit. 'energy') is a private French radio station created by Jean-Paul Baudecroux and Max Guazzini in June 1981. Widely popularized by its "godmother", singer Dalida, who prevented it from closing in 1984, the radio station currently belongs to the NRJ Group and is the founding station of NRJ International. NRJ is present in more than 15 countries and has on weekly basis more than 30 million listeners.

The main station only focuses on current chart hits throughout the day and electronic dance music during some weekend late night hours. Talk programs are based every evening except Saturday. In contrast, its web radios are devoted to a vast range of music: rap, RnB, dance, hip-hop, electronic, top 40, urban and rock.
Workin' Moms season 2
The second season of Workin' Moms, the Canadian comedy television series, was renewed by CBC on April 4, 2017.

Workin' Moms is a Canadian television sitcom whose second season premiered on CBC Television on December 19, 2017. The show stars Catherine Reitman, Dani Kind, and Juno Rinaldi, with Jessalyn Wanlim being demoted to recurring status from season one. as a group of friends dealing with the challenges of being working mothers. The series is produced by Wolf + Rabbit Entertainment, the production company of Reitman and her husband, Philip Sternberg.

Juno Rinaldi
Juno Rinaldi (née Ruddell; born May 14, 1977) is a Canadian actress. She is most noted for her regular role as Frankie Coyne in Workin' Moms, for which she received a Canadian Screen Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series at the 9th Canadian Screen Awards in 2021.
Julius Paulsen
Julius Paulsen (22 October 1860 in Odense – 17 February 1940 in Copenhagen) was a Danish painter. From 1879 to 1882 he studied at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts where he was later a professor. He had strong connections with several of the Skagen Painters and visited Skagen in the early 1900s.
Paulsen was influenced by Rembrandt and French salon art. He is remembered above all for his portraits.

Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts
The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (Danish: Det Kongelige Danske Kunstakademi - Billedkunst Skolerne) has provided education in the arts for more than 250 years, playing its part in the development of the art of Denmark.
Praveen Dagar
Praveen Dagar is an Indian politician and member of the Bharatiya Janata Party. He was elected as a Member of the Haryana Legislative Assembly from the Hathin constituency in the 2019 Haryana Legislative Assembly election.

Haryana Legislative Assembly
The Haryana Legislative Assembly (ISO: Hariyāṇā Vidhāna Sabhā) is the unicameral legislature of the Indian state of Haryana. The seating of the assembly is at Chandigarh, the capital of the state. There are 90 seats in the house filled by direct election using a single-member first-past-the-post voting system. The term of office is five years.
Anti–Red Tape Authority
The Anti–Red Tape Authority (ARTA) is a Philippine government agency mandated to ensure ease of business among all agencies of the Philippine government. It was created through Republic Act No. 11032 or the "Ease of Doing Business and Efficient Government Service Delivery Act", which was passed on May 28, 2018. It has since made efforts to streamline and promote digitization of various government services.

The authority investigates complaints of red tape within the government and, depending on findings, recommends subsequent action to be taken by the relevant government agencies. The authority is headed by a director general, who becomes part of the Cabinet of the Philippines, and three deputy directors general. The current director general is Ernesto V. Perez.

Cabinet of the Philippines
The Cabinet of the Philippines (Filipino: Gabinete ng Pilipinas, usually referred to as the Cabinet or Gabinete) consists of the heads of the largest part of the executive branch of the national government of the Philippines. Currently, it includes the secretaries of 23 executive departments and the heads of other several other minor agencies and offices that are subordinate to the president of the Philippines.

The cabinet secretaries are tasked to advise the president on the different affairs of the state such as agriculture, budget, energy, finance, education, social welfare, national defense, and foreign policy.

They are nominated by the president and then presented to the Commission on Appointments, a body of the Congress of the Philippines that confirms all appointments made by the president, for confirmation or rejection. If the presidential appointees are approved, they are sworn into office, receive the title "Secretary", and begin to function their duties.
Rzepin
Rzepin [ˈʐɛpʲin] (German: Reppen) is a town in western Poland. Situated in the Lubusz Voivodeship (since 1999), in Słubice County it is the seat of Gmina Rzepin. As of 2019, the town had a population of 6,529 inhabitants.

Słubice
Słubice (Polish: [swuˈbʲit͡sɛ]) is a border town in the Lubusz Voivodeship, in western Poland. Located on the Oder river, it lies directly opposite the city of Frankfurt (Oder) in Germany, which it was a part of as Dammvorstadt until 1945. As of 2019, the town had a population of 16,705, with an urban agglomeration of Słubice-Frankfurt counting 85,000 inhabitants. It is the capital of Słubice County and the administrative seat of the Gmina Słubice. It is part of the historical region of Lubusz Land.
Zack Clayton
Zachary M. Clayton (April 17, 1913 – November 20, 1997) was a basketball player for the New York Rens. He was also a Negro league baseball player and a professional boxing referee. He was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2017.

As a boy, Clayton's family moved from Virginia to Philadelphia. Clayton played at the Christian Street YMCA along with Charles "Tarzan" Cooper, Jackie Bethards and Bill Yancey.  There they began four fruitful careers on a squad called the Tribune Men.  Clayton also played for the Harlem Globetrotters.  Clayton would win world championships with both teams. Clayton is enshrined in the Philadelphia basketball Hall of Fame. Clayton later became a boxing referee. His most famous bout was the 1974 Ali-Foreman "Rumble In The Jungle". Clayton also refereed Muhammad Ali's last fight, against Trevor Berbick in 1981.
Clayton was a lieutenant in the Philadelphia Fire Department for 26 years. He retired in 1979.

Bill Yancey
William James Yancey (April 2, 1902 – April 13, 1971) was an American baseball shortstop in the Negro leagues. He played from 1927 to 1936. He also played for the New York Renaissance, an all-black professional basketball team. Yancey also served as a Major League scout for the New York Yankees and Philadelphia Phillies.
IgG4-related ophthalmic disease
IgG4-related ophthalmic disease (IgG4-ROD) is the recommended term to describe orbital (eye socket) manifestations of the systemic condition IgG4-related disease, which is characterised by infiltration of lymphocytes and plasma cells and subsequent fibrosis in involved structures. It can involve one or more of the orbital structures.

Frequently involved structures include the lacrimal glands, extraocular muscles, infraorbital nerve, supraorbital nerve and eyelids. It has also been speculated that ligneous conjunctivitis may be a manifestation of IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD).

As is the case with other manifestations of IgG4-related disease, a prompt response to steroid therapy is a characteristic feature of IgG4-ROD in most cases, unless significant fibrosis has already occurred.

It basically can cause loss of vision and in other cases, cause skin irritation and loss of brain function

Infraorbital nerve
The infraorbital nerve is a branch of the maxillary nerve (itself a branch of the trigeminal nerve (CN V)). It arises in the pterygopalatine fossa. It passes through the inferior orbital fissure to enter the orbit. It travels through the orbit, then enters and traverses the infraorbital canal, exiting the canal at the infraorbital foramen to reach the face. It provides sensory innervation to the skin and mucous membranes around the middle of the face.
Balkanization
Balkanization or Balkanisation is the process involving the fragmentation of an area, country, or region into multiple smaller, and often hostile, independent states. It is usually caused by differences in ethnicity, culture, religion, and geopolitical interests.

The term was first coined in the early 20th century, and found its roots in the depiction of events during the Balkan Wars (1912–1913) and World War I (1914–1918), specifically referring to incidents that transpired earlier in the Balkan Peninsula.

The term is pejorative; when sponsored or encouraged by a sovereign third party, it has been used as an accusation against such third-party nations. Controversially, the term is often used by opponents of secessionism to highlight potential dangers. The Balkan peninsula is seen as an example of shatter belts in geopolitics.

Secession
Secession (from Latin: sēcessiō, lit. 'a withdrawing') is a term and a concept which is used in reference to the formal withdrawal of a group from a political entity.

In international law, secession is understood as a process in which an integral part of a state's territory unilaterally withdraws without the consent of the original state.

The process begins once a group proclaims an act of secession (such as a declaration of independence). A secession attempt might be violent or peaceful, but the goal is the creation of a new state or entity independent of the group or territory from which it seceded. Threats of secession can be a strategy for achieving more limited goals. There is some academic debate about this definition, and in particular how it relates to separatism.
H. Gordon Skilling
Harold Gordon Skilling (February 28, 1912 – March 2, 2001) was a Canadian political scientist, known for his expertise on the history of Czechoslovakia and support for the Charter 77 dissident movement.

Born in Toronto in 1912, Skilling received degrees from the University of Toronto, University of London, and University of Oxford. He was part of the faculty at the University of Toronto until his retirement in 1982.

Charter 77
Charter 77 (Charta 77 in Czech and Slovak) was an informal civic initiative in the Czechoslovak Socialist Republic from 1976 to 1992, named after the document Charter 77 from January 1977. Founding members and architects were Jiří Němec, Václav Benda, Ladislav Hejdánek, Václav Havel, Jan Patočka, Zdeněk Mlynář, Jiří Hájek, Martin Palouš, Pavel Kohout, and Ladislav Lis. Spreading the text of the document was considered a political crime by the Czechoslovak government. After the 1989 Velvet Revolution, many of the members of the initiative played important roles in Czech and Slovak politics.
Aureole (horse)
Aureole (1950–1974) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire who was owned by Elizabeth II. In a career that lasted from August 1952 until July 1954, he ran fourteen times and won eleven races. As a three-year-old in 1953, he won the Lingfield Derby Trial before finishing second to Pinza in both the Derby and the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes. He reached his peak as a four-year-old in 1954 when he won his last four races: the Victor Wild Stakes at Kempton, the Coronation Cup at Epsom, the Hardwicke Stakes at Royal Ascot and Britain's most prestigious all-aged race, the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes. After retiring from racing he was sent to stud, where he became a successful sire of winners.

Kempton Park Racecourse
Kempton Park Racecourse is a horse racing track together with a licensed entertainment and conference venue in Sunbury-on-Thames, Surrey, England, on the border with Greater London; it is 13 miles west of Charing Cross in central London. The site has 210 acres (85 hectares) of flat grassland surrounded by woodland with two lakes in its centre. Its entrance borders Kempton Park railway station which was created for racegoers on a branch line from London Waterloo, via Clapham Junction.

It has adjoining inner and outer courses for flat and National Hunt racing. Among its races, the King George VI Chase takes place on Boxing Day, a Grade 1 National Hunt chase which is open to horses aged four years or older.
Aav Taru Kari Nakhu
Aav Taru Kari Nakhu is a 2017 Gujarati comedy film Produced by Vikas Verma & Sunny Agrawal, Directed by Rrahul Mevawala, Creative supervision and edited by Imtiaz Alam. The film stars Tiku Talsania, Amar Upadhyay, Aditya Kapadia, Monal Gajjar, Tanvi Thakkar, Manisha Kanojia, Tapan bhatt and Vikas Verma. Amar Upadhyay, who formerly played the role of ‘Mihir’ in Kyunki Saas Bhi Kabhi Bahu Thi TV show marks his debut in the Gujarati Film Industry with this film.

Monal Gajjar
Monal Gajjar is an Indian actress and model who mainly appears in Gujarati and Telugu films, and a few Tamil films. She debuted with 2012 Telugu film Sudigadu. She has also acted in Satish Kaushik directed Hindi film Kaagaz in 2021 which is a satire on governmental system in India.
Justin John Harvey
Justin John Harvey (Korean: 저스틴 하비; born March 27, 1991) is a South African model, actor and television personality based in South Korea. He obtained a law degree before relocating to South Korea at the age of 24 to pursue modeling. He has since become active in entertainment, films and commercials. Harvey is most recognized for his role in Park Hoon-jung's 2022 film The Witch: Part 2 - The Other One. He has also appeared in Ashfall  (2020) and The Childe (2023). Additionally, he has made appearances on various variety shows, including the popular television shows Welcome, First Time in Korea? South Korean Foreigners, and season 2 of Netflix show Physical: 100.

The Witch: Part 2. The Other One
The Witch: Part 2. The Other One (Korean: 마녀(魔女) Part2. The Other One) is a 2022 South Korean science fiction action horror film written and directed by Park Hoon-jung. A sequel to his 2018 film The Witch: Part 1. The Subversion, it features a large, altered cast, starring Shin Si-ah, Park Eun-bin and Jo Min-su. Shin plays Ark 1, the twin sister of Goo Ja-yoon, the "witch" from the first film. The film was released on June 15, 2022, by Next Entertainment World.

The Witch: Part 2 is the seventh highest-grossing Korean film of 2022 with a gross of US$23.4 million and over 2.8 million viewers.
Ilya Silchukov
Ilya Silchukou, could also be spelled Ilya Silchukov, (Belarusian: Ілля Сільчукоў; Russian: Илья Сильчуков; born 1982) is a Belarusian Baryton-noble Baritone. He debuted his career in Tchaikovsky's Eugene Onegin at the National Opera and Ballet of Belarus in 2005.  Ever since his debut he has shared his appearance at several European opera houses. His academic and vocal achievements had shown his preparedness and the alertness of a true opera singer.

National Opera and Ballet of Belarus
The National Academic Grand Opera and Ballet Theatre of the Republic of Belarus (Belarusian: Нацыянальны акадэмічны Вялікі тэатр оперы і балета, romanized: Nacyjanalny akademičny Bialiki teatr opery i baleta, Russian: Национальный академический Большой театр оперы и балета, romanized: Natsionalny akademichesky Bolshoy teatr opery i baleta) is located in a park in the Trinity Hill district of Minsk. Local people call it the "Opierny Teatr" (Belarusian) or the "Opera and Ballet Theatre". While the theatre opened on 15 May 1933, in the beginning, it did not have its own performance venue. Until 1938, the troupe performed at the Belarusian Drama Theatre building.