hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Transylvania University
Transylvania University (often shortened as Transy) is a private liberal arts college in Lexington, Kentucky, United States. It was founded in 1780 and is Kentucky's oldest university. It offers 46 major programs, as well as dual-degree engineering programs, and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. Its medical program has graduated 8,000 physicians since 1859.

Transylvania's name, meaning "across the woods" in Latin, stems from the institution's founding in the heavily forested region of western Virginia known as the Transylvania Colony, which existed between 1775 and 1776 in southern and western Kentucky.

It is the alma mater of two U.S. vice presidents, two U.S. Supreme Court justices, 50 U.S. senators, 101 U.S. representatives, 36 U.S. governors, and 34 U.S. ambassadors, making it a large producer of American statesmen.

Southern Association of Colleges and Schools
The Southern Association of Colleges and Schools (SACS) is a regional educational accreditor recognized by the United States Department of Education and the Council for Higher Education Accreditation. As of 2022, the organization oversees approximately 750 public and private degree-granting educational institutions in the Southern United States. Its headquarters are in North Druid Hills, Georgia, near Decatur, in the Atlanta metropolitan area.

SACS accredits educational institutions in the states of Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, and Virginia, and educational institutions for U.S. students in Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America.

There are a number of affiliate organizations within the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools. One affiliate organization is the Southern Association of Community, Junior, and Technical Colleges.
Snowman
A snowman is an anthropomorphic snow sculpture often built in regions with sufficient snowfall and is a very common winter tradition. In many places, typical snowmen consist of three large snowballs of different sizes with some additional accoutrements for facial and other features. Due to the sculptability of snow, there is also a wide variety of other styles. Common accessories include branches for arms and a smiling face made of stones, with a carrot used for a nose. Clothing, such as a hat or scarf, may be included.

Frosty the Snowman
"Frosty the Snowman" is a song written by Walter "Jack" Rollins and Steve Nelson, and first recorded by Gene Autry and the Cass County Boys in 1950 and later recorded by Jimmy Durante in that year. It was written after the success of Autry's recording of "Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer" the previous year. Rollins and Nelson shopped the new song to Autry, who recorded "Frosty" in search of another seasonal hit. Like "Rudolph", "Frosty" was subsequently adapted to other media including a 1969 television special.
1959 Cotton Bowl Classic
The 1959 Cotton Bowl Classic was the 23rd edition of the college football bowl game, played at the Cotton Bowl in Dallas, Texas, on Thursday, January 1. Part of the 1958–59 bowl game season, it matched the independent and sixth-ranked Air Force Falcons and the No. 10 TCU Horned Frogs of the Southwest Conference (SWC).

This was the first tie in the game in eleven years, and the first scoreless game in twelve years.

1947 Cotton Bowl Classic
The 1947 Cotton Bowl Classic was a post-season college football bowl game played on January 1, 1947 in the Cotton Bowl stadium at Dallas, Texas, between the Arkansas Razorbacks and the LSU Tigers. Due to adverse winter weather, neither team scored, and Arkansas and LSU tied the game, later referred to as Ice Bowl, 0–0. The two teams met again in the Cotton Bowl Classic in 1966.
Serugudi
Serugudi is a village in the Thiruvidaimarudur taluk of Thanjavur district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is situated between Thiruppanandal and Pandanallur. The nearest bus stop is at Kakithapattarai.

According to the 2001 census, it had a population of 2,094 with 1070 men and 1024 women. During British rule, the village was a part of Shiyali taluk of Tanjore District. The village is famous for its Ayyanar temple, Virupaksheeswarar Temple and Shitala Amman temple.

Pandanallur
Pandanallur is a Suburban of Mayiladuthurai in the Thiruvidaimarudur taluk of Thanjavur district. It is north of Aduthurai. Pandanallur is a historically important village and is known for its Pasupatiswarar Temple and Adikesava Perumal temple. The Pandanallur style of Bharatanatyam also traces its origin to Pandanallur.
1974 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
The 1974 U.S. Figure Skating Championships was held from February 6-9 at the Providence Civic Center in Providence, Rhode Island. Medals were awarded in three colors: gold (first), silver (second), and bronze (third) in four disciplines – men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dancing – across three levels: senior, junior, and novice.

The event determined the U.S. teams for the 1974 World Figure Skating Championships.

1974 World Figure Skating Championships
The 1974 World Figure Skating Championships were held at the Olympiahalle in Munich, West Germany from March 5 to 10. At the event, sanctioned by the International Skating Union, medals were awarded in men's singles, ladies' singles, pair skating, and ice dance.
Froilano de Mello
Indalencio Pascoal Froilano de Mello (17 May 1887 – 9 January 1955) was a Portuguese microbiologist, medical scientist, professor, author and an independent MP in the Portuguese parliament. During his scientific career, Mello was responsible for the discovery of thousands of protozoa, parasites and microbes which today bear the Latin names given by him, followed by his own surname. He served as mayor of Nova Goa from 1938 to 1945. During his tenure as an MP from 1945 to 1949, he represented the constituency of Portuguese India, namely its overseas provinces of Goa, Daman and Diu in the National Assembly at Lisbon.

Bacteriology
Bacteriology is the branch and specialty of biology that studies the morphology, ecology, genetics and biochemistry of bacteria as well as many other aspects related to them. This subdivision of microbiology involves the identification, classification, and characterization of bacterial species. Because of the similarity of thinking and working with microorganisms other than bacteria, such as protozoa, fungi, and non-microorganism viruses, there has been a tendency for the field of bacteriology to extend as microbiology. The terms were formerly often used interchangeably. However, bacteriology can be classified as a distinct science.
Kamal Ahmed (music director)
Kamal Ahmed (20 April 1937 – 22 July 1997) was a Pakistani film music director. He has the second-highest number of film scores of more than 100 Urdu movies, after M. Ashraf who did more than 250 Urdu movies as a music director. Kamal won 6 'Best Musician' Nigar Awards during his long film career.

Runa Laila
Runa Laila (born 17 November 1952) is a Bangladeshi playback singer and composer. She started her career in the Pakistani film industry in the late 1960s. Her style of singing is inspired by Pakistani playback singer Ahmed Rushdi and also frequently joined him for singing duets, after replacing another singer Mala. She is one of the most prominent singers in South Asia. She's is known as the "'Queen of melody"' in South Asian music. Her playback singing in films – The Rain (1976), Jadur Banshi (1977), Accident (1989), Ontore Ontore (1994), Devdas (2013) and Priya Tumi Shukhi Hou (2014) - earned her seven Bangladesh National Film Awards for Best Female Playback Singer. She won the Best Music Composer award for the film Ekti Cinemar Golpo (2018).
Robert Scott Justice
Robert Scott Justice (1912–1992) was an American politician from the state of Indiana. A Republican, he served in the Indiana House of Representatives and Indiana State Senate in a legislative career spanning 1946 to 1960.

Indiana Senate
The Indiana State Senate is the upper house of the Indiana General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Indiana. The Senate is composed of 50 members representing an equal number of constituent districts. Senators serve four-year terms without term limits. According to the 2010 U.S. census, the average state senator represents 129,676 people.

The Senate convenes at the Indiana Statehouse in Indianapolis, Indiana.
Abu l-Hasan al-Isfahani
Grand Ayatollah Sayyid Abu al-Hasan Musawi Isfahani (Persian: ابوالحسن موسوی اصفهانی) (Arabic: أبوالحسن الموسوي الأصفهاني); 1861 – November 4, 1946) was an Iranian Shia marja'.

Isfahani became the leading marja' of the Shia world after the death of Muhammad-Hussein Naini.

Musa al-Musawi
Musa al-Musawi (1930-1997) was a Muslim scholar and professor of philosophy, he wrote books on philosophy and revisionist texts on Shia Islam. His grandfather was Grand Ayatullah Abu al-Hasan al-Esfahani whom he lived with for 17 years after the assassination of his father. He was educated at Najaf traditional religious school and was awarded the highest certificate in Islamic Law (Ijtihad) from its university. He was also the 20th Majles deputy for Lanjan (1961).
Lima Group
The Lima Group (GL; Spanish and Portuguese: Grupo de Lima, French: Groupe de Lima) is a multilateral body that was established following the Lima Declaration on 8 August 2017 in the Peruvian capital of Lima, where representatives of 12 countries met in order to establish a peaceful exit to the ongoing crisis in Venezuela.

Among other issues, the group demands the release of political prisoners, the end of human rights violations, calls for free elections, offers humanitarian aid and criticizes the breakdown of democratic order in Venezuela under Nicolás Maduro.

Since its founding, multiple  member states have left the organization.

Miraflores Palace
The Miraflores Palace (Spanish: Palacio de Miraflores) is the official dispatch and head office of the president of Venezuela. It is located on Urdaneta Avenue, Libertador Bolivarian Municipality in Caracas.
23rd Annual Grammy Awards
The 23rd Annual Grammy Awards were held on February 25, 1981, at Radio City Music Hall in New York City and were broadcast live on American television. They recognized accomplishments by musicians from the year 1980.

Album of the Year went to Michael Omartian and Christopher Cross for Christopher Cross, Record and Song of the Year went to Christopher Cross for "Sailing". Cross was the first artist in Grammy history to win all four General Field awards in a single ceremony, bringing home Record of the Year, Album of the Year, Song of the Year, and Best New Artist.

James Cleveland
James Edward Cleveland (December 5, 1931 – February 9, 1991) was an American gospel singer, musician, and composer. Known as the "King of Gospel", Cleveland was a driving force behind the creation of the modern gospel sound by incorporating traditional black gospel, soul, pop, and jazz in arrangements for mass choirs.

Throughout his career, Cleveland appeared on hundreds of recordings and earned four Grammy Awards. He was the first gospel musician to earn a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. He was inducted into the Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 1984. For his trailblazing accomplishments, he is regarded by many as one of the greatest gospel singers who ever lived.

His best known recordings include "Lord, Help Me to Hold Out", "Peace Be Still", "I Don't Feel No Ways Tired", “Where Is Your Faith", "The Love of God", "God Has Smiled on Me", and "Jesus Is the Best Thing That Ever Happened to Me."
2014 AFF U-19 Youth Championship squads
The 2014 AFF U-19 Youth Championship was an international football tournament that was held in Vietnam from 5 to 13 September 2014. The 6 national teams involved in the tournament were required to register a squad of 20 players; only players in these squads are eligible to take part in the tournament.

2014 AFF U-19 Youth Championship
The 2014 AFF U19 Youth Championship or AFF U-19 Nutifood Cup 2014 held from 5 to 13 September 2014, hosted by Vietnam. 5 members of the ASEAN Football Federation have registered to take part in the competition, these being hosts Vietnam, Thailand, Indonesia, Australia and Myanmar. Japan have also accepted an invitation to take part.

This is the 5th time that Vietnam was host the championship with all matches set to take place in the Mỹ Đình National Stadium, Hanoi, in Northern Vietnam. Previous editions hosted by Vietnam have all been played in Ho Chi Minh City in the South of the country.

Indonesia is the defending champion, however they were unsuccessful in defending their title when they lost 2-6 to Thailand and 0-3 to Myanmar, thereby stopping at the group stage.
Oreobolus obtusangulus
Oreobolus obtusangulus is a thick cushion-forming, grass-like flowering plant species in the family Cyperaceae. It is native to South America. It grows in the highlands of Colombia and Venezuela and the alpine wetlands of central Chile and Neuquén Province of Argentina. Further south it grows at lower elevations including Tierra del Fuego and the Falkland Islands. Oreobolus obtusangulus grows in parts of Patagonia that were glaciated during the last glaciation. A genetic study suggested that the species survived glaciation in three separate glacial refugia; these being south-central Chile, the eastern Patagonian Andes and eastern Tierra del Fuego.

Cushion plant
A cushion plant is a compact, low-growing, mat-forming plant that is found in alpine, subalpine, arctic, or subarctic environments around the world. The term "cushion" is usually applied to woody plants that grow as spreading mats, are limited in height above the ground (a few inches at most), have relatively large and deep tap roots, and have life histories adapted to slow growth in a nutrient-poor environment with delayed reproductivity and reproductive cycle adaptations. The plant form is an example of parallel or convergent evolution with species from many different plant families on different continents converging on the same evolutionary adaptations to endure the harsh environmental conditions.
Wondul Range National Park
Wondul Range is a national park in Queensland, Australia, 209 km west of Brisbane. It is located in the Toowoomba Region local government area of the Darling Downs. The park aims to conserve open woodland species typical of the Western Downs.

It lies within the water catchment area of the Macintyre River and Weir Rivers in the Brigalow Belt South bioregion. Whetstone State Forest lies to the south and Bulli State Forest to the west, both adjacent to the national park.

A total of five rare or threatened species have been identified within Wondul Range National Park. The park has no facilities.  The main recreational activities undertaken in the park are bird watching and wildlife observation.

Macintyre River
The Macintyre River, a perennial river that forms part of the Border Rivers group, is part of the Barwon catchment of the Murray-Darling basin, located in the Northern Tablelands and North West Slopes regions of New South Wales, and the Southern Downs region of Queensland, Australia.

Part of the course of the river marks the border between Queensland and New South Wales.
Classiarius
Classiarii (singular: Classiarius; from Latin classis "fleet") referred to all military personnel (from the highest rank of praefectus classis to the simplest rank of miles classiarius) and personnel assigned to the maneuvering of ships (e.g., velarii or remiges) or their construction/maintenance (e.g., fabri navales), as part of the Roman navy, an integral part of the Roman army.

Roman citizenship
Citizenship in ancient Rome (Latin: civitas) was a privileged political and legal status afforded to free individuals with respect to laws, property, and governance. Citizenship in ancient Rome was complex and based upon many different laws, traditions, and cultural practices. There existed several different types of citizenship, determined by one's gender, class, and political affiliations, and the exact duties or expectations of a citizen varied throughout the history of the Roman Empire.
No Surrender (2021)
The 2021 No Surrender was a professional wrestling event produced by Impact Wrestling. It took place on February 13, 2021, at the Skyway Studios in Nashville, Tennessee. It was the 13th event under the No Surrender chronology and aired exclusively on Impact Plus. The event featured wrestlers from partner promotion All Elite Wrestling (AEW).

Nine matches were contested at the event. In the main event, Rich Swann defeated Tommy Dreamer to retain the Impact World Championship. In other prominent matches, The Good Brothers (Doc Gallows and Karl Anderson) defeated Chris Sabin and James Storm, and Private Party (Isiah Kassidy and Marq Quen) in a three-way tag team match to retain the Impact World Tag Team Championship, and Josh Alexander won a X Division Triple Threat Revolver to become the number one contender to the Impact X Division Championship.

TNA Impact!
TNA Impact!, also known as TNA Thursday Night Impact! or simply Impact! (stylized as iMPACT!), is an American professional wrestling television program produced by the American promotion Total Nonstop Action Wrestling (TNA) that debuted on June 4, 2004. It also features wrestlers from WWE's NXT brand due to the working relationship between the two companies.

The series currently airs every Thursday at 9 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) on AMC as well as streaming on AMC+ in the United States and TNA+ internationally, owned by its parent company Anthem Sports & Entertainment. It premiered on AMC on January 15, 2026.
Geography of Rwanda
Rwanda is a landlocked country in East Africa. It is located in the eastern-central part of Africa, lying a few degrees south of the Equator in the Great Rift Valley of East Africa. It is bordered by Uganda to the north, Tanzania to the east, Burundi to the south, and the Democratic Republic of the Congo to the west. The country’s terrain consists largely of rolling hills, high mountains, and numerous lakes, with Kigali, the capital and largest city, situated near its geographic centre.

Known as the "Land of a Thousand Hills", Rwanda’s high elevation gives it a temperate tropical highland climate. Its location within the Great Rift Valley contributes to a diverse landscape that includes volcanoes, savannas, and freshwater lakes.

Western Province, Rwanda
Western Province (Kinyarwanda: Intara y'Iburengerazuba; French: Province de l'Ouest; Dutch: West-provincie) is one of Rwanda's five provinces. It was created in early January 2006 as part of a government decentralization program that re-organized the country's local government structures.

Western Province comprises the former provinces of Cyangugu, Gisenyi, Kibuye, and a small portion of Ruhengeri. It is divided into the districts of Karongi, Nyabihu, Rubavu, Rusizi, Ngororero, Nyamasheke, and Rutsiro. The capital city of Western Province is Kibuye.
Molly Harrower
Molly Harrower (born Mary Rachel Harrower; January 25, 1906 – February 20, 1999) was an American clinical psychologist. During the Second World War she created a large-scale multiple choice Rorschach test. She was one of the first clinical psychologists to open a private practice. Specializing in diagnostics, Harrower developed a scale allowing practitioners to predict which patients would profit from psychotherapy.

Wilder Penfield
Wilder Graves Penfield OM CC CMG FRS (January 26, 1891 – April 5, 1976) was an American-Canadian neurosurgeon. He expanded brain surgery's methods and techniques, including mapping the functions of various regions of the brain such as the cortical homunculus. His scientific contributions on neural stimulation expand across a variety of topics including hallucinations, illusions, dissociation and déjà vu. Penfield devoted much of his thinking to mental processes, including contemplation of whether there was any scientific basis for the existence of the human soul.
Pheasey
Pheasey is a residential area of Walsall Metropolitan Borough in the West Midlands of England, often considered to be part of Great Barr. The area was predominantly developed for housing, as the Pheasey Estate, in the 1930s, but work was not completed until after the Second World War. Barr Beacon, a hill, is a local landmark.

Great Barr
Great Barr is a large and loosely defined area to the north-west of Birmingham, in the county of the West Midlands, England. The area was historically in Staffordshire, and the parts now in Birmingham were once known as Perry Barr, which is still the name of an adjacent Birmingham district. Other parts still known as Great Barr are now in the Metropolitan Boroughs of Walsall and Sandwell.

"Barr" means "hill", and the name refers to nearby Barr Beacon. The name Barr Magna is used on some old maps. Others show it as "Gt. Barr".
Alex Morono
Alexander Quincy Morono (born August 16, 1990) is an American professional mixed martial artist who competed in the Welterweight division of the Ultimate Fighting Championship. A professional since 2010, Morono has also fought for Legacy Fighting Championship, where he was the Welterweight Champion.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
Crypt (Unix)
In Unix computing, crypt or enigma is a utility program used for encryption.  Due to the ease of breaking it, it is considered to be obsolete.

The program is usually used as a filter, and it has traditionally been implemented using a "rotor machine" algorithm based on the Enigma machine. It is considered to be cryptographically far too weak to provide any security against brute-force attacks by modern, commodity personal computers.

Some versions of Unix shipped with an even weaker version of the crypt(1) command in order to comply with contemporaneous laws and regulations that limited the exportation of cryptographic software. Some of these were simply implementations of the Caesar cipher (effectively no more secure than ROT13, which is implemented as a Caesar cipher with a well-known key).

Key derivation function
In cryptography, a key derivation function (KDF) is a cryptographic algorithm that derives one or more secret keys from a secret value such as a master key, a password, or a passphrase using a pseudorandom function (which typically uses a cryptographic hash function or block cipher). KDFs can be used to stretch keys into longer keys or to obtain keys of a required format, such as converting a group element that is the result of a Diffie–Hellman key exchange into a symmetric key for use with AES. Keyed cryptographic hash functions are popular examples of pseudorandom functions used for key derivation.