hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Gérard Machet
Gérard Machet (1378/9 – 17 July 1448) was a French theologian and priest. He served as the confessor of Charles VII of France from 1421, as a royal counsellor (conseiller du roi) from 1425 and as the bishop of Castres from 1432. He was one of the pseudocardinals appointed by Antipope Felix V in 1440, but he never acted as such.

A professor at the College of Navarre and a staunch Armagnac, he was forced to flee Paris in 1418. After a brief stay in Lyon, he was attached to the court of Charles VII for the rest of his life. He was one of the first to examine Joan of Arc, whom he accepted as genuine, and he was one of the early Gallicans. He was a popular preacher but not a writer, although single large collection of his letters from the 1440s survives in a single manuscript.

Amadeus VIII, Duke of Savoy
Amadeus VIII (4 September 1383 – 7 January 1451), nicknamed the Peaceful, was Count of Savoy from 1391 to 1416 and Duke of Savoy from 1416 to 1440. He was the first to hold the ducal title, granted by Emperor Sigismund. Known for his diplomatic temperament and administrative reforms, he strengthened the state's institutions and fostered internal peace.

He also claimed the papacy from 1439 to 1449 as Antipope Felix V, in opposition to Popes Eugene IV and Nicholas V, becoming the last historical antipope recognised by a significant portion of the Catholic clergy.
Chang Han
Chang Han (Chinese: 張涵, born December 25, 1985, in Hualien) is a Taiwanese football player from Amis tribe. He usually plays as a striker. During the 2008 Summer Olympics qualifications, he was usually in the starting line-up in Chinese Taipei's 4–4–2 with Huang Wei-yi. In the 2010 East Asian Football Championship, with teammate Chan Che-yuan's assist, he headed Chinese Taipei's first goal against North Korea in the history.

Chang currently serves military service.

Chan Che-yuan
Chan Che-yuan (Chinese: 詹哲淵; pinyin: Zhān Zhéyuān; born 23 October 1989) is a Taiwanese footballer who currently plays for the National Sports Training Center football team in Taiwan as an attacking midfielder.
Staavia pinifolia
Staavia pinifolia is a perennial, flowering shrub that is part of the Staavia genus. The species is endemic to the Western Cape and is part of the fynbos. The plant occurs in the Cape Peninsula, the Drakenstein Mountains and the Ouhangsberg between Villiersdorp and Robertson.

Staavia
Staavia is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Bruniaceae.

It is native to the Cape Provinces in the South African Republic.

The genus name of Staavia is in honour of Martin Staaf (1731–1788), a correspondent with Carl Linnaeus, in Gothenburg. 
It was first described and published in Observ. Bot. on page 15 in 1787.
Samuel Rostill Lines
Samuel Rostill Lines (15 January 1804 – 9 November 1833; sometimes listed as Samuel Restell Lines) was an English painter and illustrator.

Born in Birmingham, he was the third son of Samuel Lines, one of the founders of the academy for the training of artists that would eventually evolve into the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists and Birmingham School of Art. The younger Lines studied drawing and painting under his father and showed great promise in illustrating landscapes and buildings – having work exhibited at the Royal Academy – but died in Birmingham at the age of only twenty nine.

His brothers Frederick Thomas Lines and Henry Harris Lines were also artists.

He is buried in his father's grave at St. Philip's Cathedral in Birmingham.

Examples of his work feature in the collections of the Royal Birmingham Society of Artists, Victoria and Albert Museum, Birmingham Museum and Art Gallery and Maidstone Museum & Art Gallery.

Royal Birmingham Society of Artists
The Royal Birmingham Society of Artists (RBSA) is an art society, based in the Jewellery Quarter in Birmingham, England, where it owns and operates an art gallery, the RBSA Gallery, on Brook Street, just off St Paul's Square. It is both a registered charity, and a registered company (no. 122616).
Siege of Masulipatam
The siege of Masulipatam was a British siege of the town of Masulipatam, held by the French and Dutch, in India during the Seven Years' War. The siege commenced on 6 March 1759 and lasted until the storming of the town by the British on 7 April. The British were commanded by Colonel Francis Forde while the French defenders were under the command of Conflans.

The British taking of the town helped relieve the Siege of Madras.

Siege of Madras
Madras, held by the British, was besieged between December 1758 and February 1759 by French forces under the command of Comte de Lally during the Seven Years' War. The British garrison was able to hold out until it was relieved.

The British victory contributed to the Annus Mirabilis of 1759.
Selina Sharma
Selina Sharma (Thielemann) is an Italian-born Indian musicologist and vocalist. Her theoretical work concentrates on South Asia, in particular on the devotional music tradition of the Vraja region, the Bauls of Bengal as well as on the philosophical and spiritual aspects of music. Currently she is the Vice-Secretary and Academic Director of Vraja Kala Sanskriti Sansthana (Institute of Vraja Art and Culture) at Vrindaban.

Baul
The Baul (Bengali: বাউল) are a group of mystic minstrels of mixed elements of Sufism and Vaishnava Sahajiya from different parts of Bangladesh and the Indian states of West Bengal, Tripura and Assam's Barak Valley and Meghalaya. Bauls constitute both a syncretic religious sect of troubadours and a musical tradition. Bauls are a very heterogeneous group, with many sects, but their membership mainly consists of Gaudiya Vaishnava Bengali Hindus and Sufi Bengali Muslims. They can often be identified by their distinctive clothes and musical instruments. Lalon Shah is regarded as the most celebrated Baul saint in history.

Although Bauls constitute only a small fraction of the Bengali population, their influence on the culture of Bengal is considerable. In 2005, the "Baul tradition of Bangladesh" was included in the list of Masterpieces of the Oral and Intangible Heritage of Humanity by UNESCO.
Pak Dong-geun
Pak Dong-geun (born 27 November 1944) is a North Korean former weightlifter. He competed in the men's flyweight event at the 1972 Summer Olympics, where he set the then-Olympic record in the clean and jerk. He also was the world champion of the clean and jerk at the 1972 World Weightlifting Championships and later won a silver medal in the event at the 1974 Asian Games.

Clean and jerk
The clean and jerk is a composite of two weightlifting movements, most often performed with a barbell: the clean and the jerk. During the clean, the lifter moves the barbell from the floor to a racked position across the deltoids, without resting fully on the clavicles. During the jerk, the lifter raises the barbell to a stationary position above the head, finishing with straight arms and legs, and the feet in the same plane as the torso and barbell.

Of the several variants of the lift, the most common is the Olympic clean and jerk, which, with the snatch, is included in Olympic weightlifting events. Clean and jerk is most commonly performed with a squat clean and a split jerk.
Adam & Steve
Adam & Steve is a 2005 American romantic comedy film directed by and starring Craig Chester, who also wrote the screenplay. It deals with the lives of two gay men, played by Chester and Malcolm Gets. The film had its UK premiere on November 19, 2005, at the Cardiff Film Festival, but was not on general release in the UK.

Malcolm Gets
Malcolm Gets (born December 28, 1963) is an American actor.  He is best known for his role as Richard in the American television sitcom Caroline in the City.  Gets is also a dancer, singer, composer, classically trained pianist, vocal director, and choreographer. His first solo album came out in 2009 from PS Classics.

Gets was nominated for a Tony Award in 2003 (Best Performance by a Lead Actor in a Musical for Amour) and was awarded the Obie Award in 1995.
Michael Plumb
John Michael Plumb (born March 28, 1940) is an American equestrian and Olympic champion who competes in the sport of three-day eventing. He holds the title of the US Olympic competitor who has competed in the greatest number of Olympics, winning two team gold medals, three team silvers and one individual silver.

He has also competed at the World Equestrian Games and Pan-American Games, winning medals at both, as well as competing in the Rolex Kentucky Three Day and steeplechase events. He has been named to the Hall of Fame of the United States Eventing Association (USEA), as well as winning annual USEA awards, and is the only equestrian rider to have been inducted to the United States Olympic Hall of Fame. He was previously married to fellow Olympian Donnan Plumb, and the couple has three sons.

United States Eventing Association
The United States Eventing Association (USEA) is the organization responsible for organizing, promoting and adjudicating equestrian eventing in the United States. Formerly known as the United States Combined Training Association, the USEA is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization.

The association has approximately 13,000 members and organizes around 250 competitions annually, which garner almost 44,000 entries. The USEA works in association with the United States Equestrian Team Foundation and United States Equestrian Federation.
Jeong-Dong Lee
Jeong-dong Lee (Korean: 이정동; Hanja: 李正東; born 1967) is a Korean academic currently serving as the Special Advisor to the President on Economy and Science since his appointment by President Moon Jae-in in January 2019. He is a professor of Interdisciplinary Graduate Program on Technology Management, Economics and Policy (TEMEP) and the Department of Industrial Engineering at Seoul National University, Korea.

Seoul National University
Seoul National University (SNU; Korean: 서울대학교; lit. 'Seoul University') is a public research university in Seoul, South Korea. Founded in 1946 by the merger of ten institutions in the Seoul area, it is one of the SKY universities and a part of the Flagship Korean National Universities.

The university's main campus is located in Gwanak, and two additional campuses are located in Daehangno and Pyeongchang. The university comprises sixteen colleges, one graduate school and nine professional schools. The student body consists of nearly 16,000 undergraduate and 16,000 graduate students.
The Bishop's Bedroom
The Bishop's Bedroom (Italian: La stanza del vescovo) is an Italian thriller-drama film directed by Dino Risi adapted from the novel of the same name by Piero Chiara. It stars Ugo Tognazzi, Ornella Muti and Patrick Dewaere. Supporting actors include Lia Tanzi and Piero Mazzarella.

Lake Maggiore provides a beautiful and evocative backdrop to the action: the central events of the film take place around Baveno as opposed to Oggebbio in the novel.

Patrick Dewaere
Patrick Dewaere (26 January 1947 – 16 July 1982) was a French film actor. Born in Saint-Brieuc, Côtes-d'Armor, he was the son of French actress Mado Maurin. An actor from a young age, his career lasted more than 21 years until his suicide in Paris, in 1982.
Gary Irvine
Gary Irvine (born 17 March 1985) is a Scottish professional footballer and manager. He has previously played for Celtic, Ross County, St Johnstone, Dundee and St Mirren and Forfar Athletic, the last of which he also performed the role of player-manager for.

Ross County F.C.
Ross County Football Club is a professional football club based in Dingwall, Scotland. The club currently play in the Scottish Championship, being relegated after losing the Scottish Premiership play-offs in the 2024–25 season.

Prior to the 1994–95 season Ross County played in the Highland Football League, a competition they won three times. They have also won the Scottish First Division, Scottish Championship, Second Division, Third Division (once each) and the Challenge Cup on three occasions. In 2010, they reached the Scottish Cup Final, and in 2016 they won the Scottish League Cup. The club's nickname is The Staggies, and its colours are dark blue, red and white.
2025 NCAA Division I women's soccer season
The 2025 NCAA Division I women's soccer season was the 44th season of NCAA championship women's college soccer.

The season began on August 14, 2025, and finished on December 8, 2025, with the 2025 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament and the College Cup being held at CPKC Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri.

North Carolina are the defending NCAA champions. The Tar Heels were unable to defend their title, losing in the Round of 16 in the NCAA Tournament. Florida State finished as champions, defeating Stanford 1–0 in the NCAA Tournament Final.

2025 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament
The 2025 NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament was the 44th edition of the NCAA Division I women's soccer tournament, a postseason tournament to determine the national champion of NCAA Division I women's college soccer. The College Cup was played on December 5 and December 8 at CPKC Stadium in Kansas City, Missouri, and televised on ESPNU.

North Carolina were the defending national champion. North Carolina received an unseeded, at-large bid, and was unable to defend their title falling to TCU in penalties in the Round of 16.

Three teams from the Atlantic Coast Conference (ACC) and one team from the Big 12 Conference qualified for the college cup, and Florida State prevailed, claiming their fifth college cup.
Silesian People's Party
The Silesian People’s Party (Silesian: Ślōnskŏ Ludowŏ Partyjŏ, Polish: Śląska Partia Ludowa, Czech: Slezská lidová strana, German: Schlesische Volkspartei) was a political organization in Cieszyn Silesia that existed from 1909 to 1938 in Austrian Silesia, which later became international plebiscite territory and finally part of Czechoslovakia. The party included mainly Slavic people, who saw themselves as members of a Silesian nation. The party is seen as part of the Szlonzakian movement (Polish: ruch ślązakowski, Czech: Šlonzácké hnutí, German: Schlonsakenbewegung) or Silesian Separatist Movement.

Austrian Silesia
Austrian Silesia, officially the Duchy of Upper and Lower Silesia, was an autonomous region of the Kingdom of Bohemia and the Habsburg monarchy (from 1804 the Austrian Empire, and from 1867 the Cisleithanian portion of Austria-Hungary). It is largely coterminous with the present-day region of Czech Silesia (with a smaller part in Poland) and was, historically, part of the larger Silesia region.
Finnigans
The House of Finnigans was a British luxury luggage and trunk maker established in 1830, originally in Manchester and later in New Bond Street in London. The House of Finnigans manufactured and produced a wide range of luxury products, including trunks, bags, fashion, jewellery, timepieces, and silverware.

Asprey
Asprey is a United Kingdom-based designer, manufacturer and retailer of jewellery, silverware, home goods, leather goods, timepieces, and books.

With its flagship retail store located in Mayfair, London, Asprey is a luxury retailer for royal and celebrity clients. It has held a Royal Warrant from the Prince of Wales and collaborated with Formula 1 on product lines.
Philip Babington (died 1690)
Philip Babington (1632–1690) was an English military officer, who served in the armies of the Commonwealth of England, the Dutch Republic and England. He accompanied William III to England in the 1688 Glorious Revolution and was Member of Parliament and Governor for Berwick-upon-Tweed from 1689 to 1690.

In April 1690, he joined the army that served in the Williamite War in Ireland. He fought at The Boyne in July and died of disease before the end of 1690.

Berwick-upon-Tweed (UK Parliament constituency)
Berwick-upon-Tweed (/ˌbɛrɪk-/ ⓘ) was a parliamentary constituency in Northumberland represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament from 2015 until its abolition for the 2024 general election by Anne-Marie Trevelyan, a Conservative.

It was a parliamentary borough in the county of Northumberland of the House of Commons of England from 1512 to 1706, then of the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the House of Commons of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1885. It returned two Members of Parliament (MPs), elected by the bloc vote system. It was a county constituency since 1885, electing one MP under the first-past-the-post system.

Under the 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies, the seat was expanded and renamed North Northumberland to reflect the inclusion of the town of Morpeth from the abolished constituency of Wansbeck.
Dharma Chakram
Dharma Chakram (transl. Wheel of Righteousness) is a 1996 Indian Telugu-language action thriller film written and directed by Suresh Krissna, and produced by D. Ramanaidu under the Suresh Productions banner. The film stars Venkatesh, Ramya Krishna, and Prema while Girish Karnad plays a pivotal role. The music was composed by M. M. Srilekha. Venkatesh received the Nandi Award for Best Actor and the film won the Filmfare Best Actor Award (Telugu). The film was dubbed in Tamil as Nakkeeran. The film was successful at the box office.

M. M. Srilekha
Manimekhala Srilekha (born Koduri Srilekha), known professionally as M. M. Srilekha, is an Indian film playback singer and music composer, known for her works predominantly in Telugu cinema. She is the only female music composer in the Telugu film industry. Her paternal uncle V. Vijayendra Prasad's directorial venture Srivalli (2017) was her 75th film.
White Bondage
White Bondage is a 1937 American drama film directed by Nick Grinde and written by Anthony Coldeway. The film stars Jean Muir, Gordon Oliver, Howard Phillips, Joe King, Harry Davenport and Virginia Brissac. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on August 5, 1937.

Jean Muir (actress)
Jean Muir (born Jean Muir Fullarton; February 13, 1911 – July 23, 1996) was an American stage and film actress. She was the first performer to be blacklisted after her name appeared in the anti-Communist pamphlet Red Channels, published in 1950. In her later years, she was a college drama teacher.
Arab Futsal Cup
The Arab Futsal Cup (Arabic: كأس العرب لكرة الصالات) is a futsal competition for Arab nations. It was first held in 1998. Only three teams have won the cup since its foundation. Morocco is the most successful having won the title three times, followed by Egypt and Libya with two titles each.

Three countries have hosted the Arab Cup. Egypt have hosted it four times, Saudi Arabia twice, while Libya hosted it.

As of the last edition, Morocco are the current champions having defeated Kuwait 7-1 in the final.

Libya national futsal team
The Libya national futsal team represents Libya in international futsal competitions and is controlled by the Libyan Football Federation. As of April 2016, Libya is ranked 31st in the Futsal World Rankings.
Argument from fallacy
Argument from fallacy is the formal fallacy of analyzing an argument and inferring that, since it contains a fallacy, its conclusion must be false. It is also called argument to logic (argumentum ad logicam), the fallacy fallacy, the fallacist's fallacy, and the bad reasons fallacy.

Argument from ignorance
Argument from ignorance (Latin: argumentum ad ignorantiam), or appeal to ignorance, is an informal fallacy where something is claimed to be true or false because of a lack of evidence to the contrary.

The fallacy is committed when one asserts that a proposition is true because it has not yet been proven false or a proposition is false because it has not yet been proven true. If a proposition has not yet been proven true, one is not entitled to conclude, solely on that basis, that it is false, and if a proposition has not yet been proven false, one is not entitled to conclude, solely on that basis, that it is true. Another way of expressing this is that a proposition is true only if proven true, and a proposition is false only if proven false. If no proof is offered (in either direction), then the proposition can be called unproven, undecided, inconclusive, an open problem or a conjecture.
The Whitechapel Horrors
The Whitechapel Horrors is a 1992 mystery pastiche novel written by Edward B. Hanna, featuring Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson investigating the Jack the Ripper murders.

Titan Books reprinted the book in 2010, as part of its The Further Adventures of Sherlock Holmes series, which collects a number of noted Holmesian pastiches.

Titan Publishing Group
Titan Publishing Group is the publishing division of the British entertainment company Titan Entertainment, which was established as Titan Books in 1981. The books division has two main areas of publishing: film and television tie-ins and cinema reference books; and graphic novels and comics references and art titles. Its imprints are Titan Books, Titan Comics, Titan Magazines and Titan Manga.
Frank J. Quayle Jr.
Frank J. Quayle Jr. (May 18, 1892 – June 22, 1971) was appointed the 15th Fire Commissioner of the City of New York by Mayor William O'Dwyer on January 1, 1946 and served in that position until his resignation on December 1, 1950.

He was born in Brooklyn to Frank J. Quayle Sr.

He was appointed the 15th Fire Commissioner of New York City by Mayor William O'Dwyer on January 1, 1946 and served in that position until his resignation on December 1, 1950.

He later became the postmaster for Brooklyn. He died on June 22, 1971.

William O'Dwyer
William O'Dwyer (July 11, 1890 – November 24, 1964) was an Irish American attorney and Democratic Party politician who served as the 101st Mayor of New York City from 1946 to 1950, when he resigned under the cloud of multiple investigations into corruption in the New York City Police Department. He also served as Brooklyn District Attorney from 1940 to 1945 and United States Ambassador to Mexico from 1950 to 1952.
Ancient Settlement of Alauna
The Ancient Settlement of Alauna (AAA – Agglomération Antique d'Alauna) is a French non-profit cultural association established under the 1901 law on associations, with its headquarters located in Valognes, Manche.

Founded in 2019, the association supports research on the ancient site of Alauna and oversees its preservation and promotion. It also manages excavation and archaeological study projects conducted at the site.

Manche
Manche (/mɒ̃ʃ/; French: [mɑ̃ʃ] ⓘ; Norman: Maunche) is a coastal French department in Normandy on the English Channel, which is known as La Manche, literally "the sleeve", in French. Manche is bordered by Ille-et-Vilaine and Mayenne to the south, Orne and Calvados to the east, the English Channel to the west and north and by sharing maritime borders with the Crown Dependencies of Bailiwick of Jersey and Bailiwick of Guernsey of the United Kingdom to the west. It had a population of 495,045 in 2019.
2015 Australian Formula Ford Series
The 2015 Australian Formula Ford Series was an Australian motor racing series open to Formula Ford and Formula Ford 1600 cars. The series was sanctioned by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport (CAMS) with the Formula Ford Association Inc appointed as the Category Manager. It was the second Australian Formula Ford Series to be staged following the withdrawal of national championship status from the Australian Formula Ford Championship at the end of 2013.

The series was won by Cameron Hill, driving a Mygale SJ10a.

Australian Formula Ford Championship
The Australian Formula Ford Championship is an Australian motor racing competition for drivers of Formula Ford racing cars, held annually since 1970. From 1970 until 1992 it was a national series and from 1993 until 2013 the series was sanctioned by the Confederation of Australian Motor Sport as the Australian Formula Ford Championship. From 2014 to 2018 it reverted to national series status. The Australian Formula Ford Championship name was then applied to the series by the Formula Ford Association from 2019.

Australian Formula Ford is renowned for producing future champions in other categories with many V8 Supercar drivers and Australian international open-wheeler drivers having had a background in the category.