hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
William Sommer
William Sommer (1867–1949) was an American Modernist painter.

William Sommer was born in Detroit, Michigan in 1867. He was largely self-taught, but received instruction early on from artist and commercial lithographer Julius Melchers. He apprenticed with the Detroit Calvert Lithograph Company for seven years but in 1890 he traveled to Europe where he trained with Professors Johann Herterich, Ludwig Schmid, and Adolph Menzel. In 1907 he accepted a position with the Otis Lithograph Company of Cleveland, Ohio and in 1911 he co-founded the Kokoon Arts Club to promote modern art in Cleveland. In 1914 he relocated to Brandywine, Ohio.  He worked on several large-scale murals for the Federal Art Project, including Rural Homestead in the Geneva, Ohio post office.

Julius Theodore Melchers
Julius Theodore Melchers  (1829–1908) was a German born American sculptor and teacher who immigrated to the United States leaving Prussia after 1848 and resided in Detroit, Michigan after 1855 . During the Gilded Age, he became a "sculptor of great renown in the Detroit area."  The Julius T. Melchers House (1897) by Donaldson and Meier is located at 723 Seyburn, in the Indian Village Historic District on which Julius carved the ornate gable.  The likelihood that Melchers left Europe, as did so many other in and after the turbulent year of 1848 for political reasons is somewhat supported that he named his son (called, "Gari") after the famous Italian patriot and revolutionary Garibaldi.
2007 Kogi State gubernatorial election
The 2007 Kogi State gubernatorial election was the 4th gubernatorial election of Kogi State. Held on April 14, 2007, the People's Democratic Party nominee Ibrahim Idris won the election, defeating Mohammed Abdulsalami Ohiare of the Action Congress of Nigeria.

Ibrahim Idris
Ibrahim Idris (// ⓘ; born 1949) is a Nigeria politician and businessman who served as the governor of Kogi State from 2003 to 2008 and from 2008 to 2012. He is a member of the Peoples Democratic Party (PDP).
Idris was succeeded by his brother-in-law Captain Idris Wada, who won election in December 2011 and took office in January 2012.
Irish Steel
Irish Steel Limited (Irish: Cruach na hÉireann Teoranta), later known as Irish Ispat Limited, was an Irish semi-state company which was involved in steel production primarily from a plant on Haulbowline island in Cork Harbour. Originally founded in 1939, the company and its assets were sold to Ispat International (later known as Mittal Steel Company) (for IR£1) in 1996. The company and its plant closed down in 2001.

Dumping of production materials, including toxic waste, resulted in significant contamination of the Irish Steel plant site, and increased the size of Haulbowline island by 9 hectares (22 acres). Campaigners, including Erin Brockovich, pushed for action by the state, and €61m was allocated to clean-up the site and to redevelop it as a park. The cleanup and redevelopment project lasted upwards of a decade; from 2011 to 2021.

Erin Brockovich
Erin Brockovich (née Pattee; born June 22, 1960) is an American paralegal, consumer advocate, and environmental activist who was instrumental in building a case against Pacific Gas & Electric Company (PG&E) involving groundwater contamination in Hinkley, California, for attorney Ed Masry in 1993. Their successful lawsuit was the subject of the Oscar-winning film, Erin Brockovich (2000), starring Julia Roberts as Brockovich and Albert Finney as Masry.

Since then, Brockovich has become a media personality, hosting the TV series Challenge America with Erin Brockovich on ABC and Final Justice on Zone Reality, and became president of Brockovich Research & Consulting. She also works as a consultant for the New York law firm of Weitz & Luxenberg, which has a focus on personal injury claims for asbestos exposure, and Shine Lawyers in Australia. She worked as a consultant for the now-defunct California law firm Girardi & Keese.
Battles for Murzuch
The Battles for Murzuch, or the Reconquest of Fezzan, was a series of operations in the region today known as Fezzan. Italian soldiers and local fighters fought for who would have control over the region and the city of Murzuch, and the Italians were eventually victorious.

Murzuk
Murzuk, Murzuq, Murzug or Merzug (Arabic: مرزق) is an oasis town and the capital of the Murzuq District in the Fezzan region of southwest Libya. It lies on the northern edge of the Murzuq Desert, an extremely arid region of ergs or great sand dunes which is part of the greater Sahara Desert.
K–16 (education movement)
K–16 is a movement in the United States to bring together the various levels of education for younger students, namely between the K–12 and the post-secondary education systems, and create aligned policy and practice in examination practices, graduation requirements, admissions policies and other areas. The movement is so-named because of an insinuated continuum between the traditionally-distinct K–12 system and the two-to-four-year basic post-secondary education system that is in place in most colleges and universities (hence "13th grade", "14th grade", "15th grade" and "16th grade"). Community colleges with associate degrees are equal to grades 13 to 14. Universities offer grades 14 to 16 with a bachelor's degree. Master university degrees would then be grades 17 to 18. Doctorate degrees offer 19-21st grade.

K–12
K–12 (from kindergarten to twelfth grade) is an English language expression that indicates the range of years of publicly supported primary and secondary education found in the United States and Canada, which is similar to publicly supported school grades before tertiary education in several other countries, such as  Armenia, Australia, China, Ecuador, Egypt, India, Iran, the Philippines, South Korea, and Turkey. K–12 refers to the American system which affords authority to local intersectional "districts" which may be specific to a municipality, county, or several regions, depending on population and proximity.
Toby S. Wilt
Toby Wilt (born c. 1945) is an American businessman and golfer. He is a member of the Tennessee Golf Hall of Fame and the Vanderbilt Athletics Hall of Fame. He was one of the founders of the Golf Club of Tennessee and  was director the Tennessee Golf Foundation (TGF) for its first 19 years. In 2013, he was paired with Brandt Snedeker and the duo won the 2013 Pebble Beach National Pro-Am Golf Tournament. Beginning in 2008, Wilt began an annual role as the "starter" on the first tee for Masters Tournament at Augusta National Golf Club before an international television audience. Wilt says, "Fore please, (player's name) now driving".

Tennessee Golf Hall of Fame
The Tennessee Golf Hall of Fame is a   non-profit corporation established in 1991 by the Tennessee Golf Foundation. The hall of fame is located at the Golf House Tennessee a 21,000 square foot golf complex in Franklin, Tennessee (near Nashville), which houses administration all of the state's golf activities, including pro golf, amateur golf, women's golf, junior golf, and turfgrass research."

Induction in to the hall of fame includes one or more of the following criteria for Tennesseans:

a significant record as a championship player

a benefactor, promoter, administrator, or volunteer for the game

one who embodies the core values and honorable traditions of the game

Among the first inductees in 1992 were Lou Graham, Cary Middlecoff, Mason Rudolph. As of 2024, the hall included 54 members.
William McGuire (judge)
William McGuire (1765–1820) was an American judge, one of the first three judges in the Mississippi Territory. He arrived in Mississippi in the fall of 1799, appointed as chief justice, to assist governor Winthrop Sargent as one of three judges who were to write up the set of laws for the new territory. However, McGuire went back to his home in Virginia after only a couple of weeks or months. After his return from Mississippi he practiced law, and was appointed superintendent at the Harpers Ferry Armory. He died in 1820, from effects of a wound he received at age 16, when he was wounded in the Battle of Eutaw Springs, 1781.

Winthrop Sargent
Winthrop Sargent (May 1, 1753 – June 3, 1820) was an American politician, military officer and writer, who served as Governor of Mississippi Territory from 1798 to 1801, and briefly as acting Adjutant General of the U. S. Army in 1791. He was a member of the Federalist party.
MLB The Show 19
MLB The Show 19 is a 2019 baseball video game developed by San Diego Studio and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment for the PlayStation 4. It is the fourteenth installment in the MLB: The Show series. Philadelphia Phillies outfielder Bryce Harper is featured as the cover star.

Matt Vasgersian, Mark DeRosa and Dan Plesac call the play-by-plays. Heidi Watney joined the game as a sideline reporter and Alex Miniak replaces Mike Carlucci as the public address announcer.

Diamond Dynasty, Road to the Show and Franchise game modes return whilst Moments and March to October make their series debuts.

Dan Plesac
Daniel Thomas Plesac (born February 4, 1962) is an American former Major League Baseball pitcher who played from 1986 to 2003. He pitched for the Milwaukee Brewers, Toronto Blue Jays, Chicago Cubs, Pittsburgh Pirates, Arizona Diamondbacks, and Philadelphia Phillies.
Starrcade '95: World Cup of Wrestling
Starrcade '95: World Cup of Wrestling was the 13th annual Starrcade professional wrestling pay-per-view (PPV) event produced by World Championship Wrestling (WCW). It took place on December 27, 1995, at the Nashville Municipal Auditorium in Nashville, Tennessee. The event included a seven match tournament between wrestlers representing WCW and their Japanese partner New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW) billed as the "World Cup of Wrestling", in which Sting (WCW) defeated Kensuke Sasaki (NJPW) in the finals; WCW won the tournament four points to three. Ric Flair defeated Randy Savage in the main event for the WCW World Heavyweight Championship.

WCW closed in 2001 and all rights to their television and pay-per-view shows were bought by WWE, including the Starrcade series.
In 2015, All WCW pay-per-views were made available on the WWE Network.

Kensuke Sasaki
Kensuke Sasaki (Japanese: 佐々木 健介, Sasaki Kensuke; born August 4, 1966) is a Japanese retired professional wrestler. He is best known for his numerous runs in the top three Japanese wrestling promotions; New Japan Pro-Wrestling (NJPW), All Japan Pro Wrestling (AJPW), and Pro Wrestling Noah. He was the founder and owner of the now-defunct wrestling promotion Diamond Ring, which was also named Kensuke Office.

Sasaki is the first of five men ever to hold all three of puroresu's major heavyweight titles (the IWGP Heavyweight Championship, the Triple Crown Heavyweight Championship, and the GHC Heavyweight Championship), the others being Yoshihiro Takayama, Keiji Muto, Satoshi Kojima, and Yuji Nagata - totaling seven world championship reigns. Sasaki also competed in MMA and won both fights by submission, remaining undefeated in mixed martial arts competition.
Nicola Napolitano (footballer)
Nicola Napolitano (born 22 January 1983) is an Italian footballer who plays for Manfredonia at Lega Pro Seconda Divisione.

Napolitano started his career at hometown club and Italian giant Internazionale.

He made professional debut on 19 December 2002, a Coppa Italia match against Bari. In August 2003, he was loaned to Spezia of Serie C1. In July 2005, he was loaned to Pavia along with Riccardo Meggiorini.

Since released by Inter in summer 2007, he was signed by Gubbio of Lega Pro Seconda Divisione in January 2008. After unattached again, he was signed by Manfredonia of same level in January 2009.

Manfredonia Calcio
Manfredonia Calcio S.r.l. Sportiva Dilettantistica commonly known as Manfredonia Calcio or just Manfredonia is an Italian association football club, based in Manfredonia, in the Province of Foggia, Apulia. Currently it plays in Serie D.
Verran Tucker
Verran Mitchell Tucker (born June 26, 1988) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was signed by the Dallas Cowboys as an undrafted free agent in 2010. He played college football for the California Golden Bears.

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.
Knut Riisnæs
Knut Riisnæs (13 November 1945 – 22 July 2023) was a Norwegian jazz musician (saxophone and flute), arranger, and composer, son of pianist Eline Nygaard Riisnæs and brother of classical pianist Anne Eline Riisnæs (1951–) and jazz saxophonist Odd Riisnæs (1953–). The brothers are both known from a variety of recordings in Norway and internationally.

Terje Rypdal
Terje Rypdal (born 23 August 1947) is a Norwegian guitarist and composer. He has been an important member in the Norwegian jazz community, and has also given show concerts with guitarists Ronni Le Tekrø and Mads Eriksen as "N3".
Rudy De Luca
Rudy De Luca (born September 28, 1942) is an American screenwriter, actor and film director.

De Luca is perhaps best known for his work with filmmaker Mel Brooks. He co-founded The Comedy Store with Sammy Shore in April 1972.

Barry Levinson
Barry Lee Levinson (born April 6, 1942) is an American film director, producer and screenwriter. Levinson won the Academy Award for Best Director for Rain Man (1988). His other best-known works are Diner (1982), The Natural (1984), Good Morning, Vietnam (1987), Bugsy (1991), and Wag the Dog (1997). In 2021, he co-executive produced the Hulu miniseries Dopesick and directed the first two episodes.
2018 Pennsylvania House of Representatives election
The 2018 elections for the Pennsylvania House of Representatives was held on November 6, 2018, with all districts being decided. The term of office for those who were elected in 2018 began when the House of Representatives convened in January 2019. Pennsylvania state representatives are elected for two-year terms, with all 203 seats up for election every two years. The election coincided with the election for governor and one-half of the state senate. The Republican Party maintained its majority in the House of Representatives, despite receiving less than 45% of the popular vote.

2018 Pennsylvania Senate election
The 2018 elections for the Pennsylvania State Senate were held on November 6, 2018, with 25 of 50 districts being contested. Primary elections were held on May 15, 2018. The term of office for those elected in 2018 began when the Senate convened in January 2019. Pennsylvania state senators are elected for four-year terms, with half of the seats up for election every two years.

Republicans had controlled the chamber since the 1994 election (24 years).
Lourdes Chantel
Lourdes Chantel is a character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Chris Claremont and artist John Bolton, the character first appeared in Classic X-Men #7 (March 1987). Chantel is a mutant with teleportation abilities who is introduced as the lover of supervillain Sebastian Shaw.

Chantel's relationship with Shaw had been abusive and, after rejecting his marriage proposal and fearing his reaction, she turned to Emma Frost for support. She later faked her death during a Sentinel attack with Frost's assistance before reemerging years later on Krakoa, where she joined the Hellfire Trading Company under the codename of Black Queen.

Supervillain
A supervillain, supervillainess or supercriminal is a variant of the villainous stock character. The character is a common archetype in comic books and other popular culture, often acting as the primary adversary of superheros.

Supervillains are often noted for their ability to foil heroes through the use of superpowers, their mental or physical capabilities, or their criminal influence, often creating grandiose schemes for nefarious purposes, such as world domination.
Skanderborg railway station
Skanderborg railway station (Danish: Skanderborg Station or Skanderborg Banegård) is a railway station serving the town of Skanderborg in East Jutland, Denmark.

The station is located on the Fredericia–Aarhus railway line from Fredericia to Aarhus and is the eastern terminus of the Skanderborg–Skjern railway line from Skanderborg to Skjern. It offers direct InterCity services to Copenhagen, Hamburg, Aarhus and Aalborg as well as regional train services to Aarhus, Fredericia, Esbjerg, Herning, Skjern and Struer. The train services are operated by DSB and GoCollective.

Fredericia
Fredericia (Danish pronunciation: [fʁeðɐˈʁetɕæ, fʁæðɐˈʁætɕæ]) is a town located in Fredericia Municipality in the southeastern part of the Jutland peninsula in Denmark. The city is part of the Triangle Region, which includes the neighbouring cities of Kolding and Vejle. It was founded in 1650 by Frederick III, after whom it was named.

The city itself has a population of 41,543 (1 January 2025) and the Fredericia Municipality has a population of 52,616 (2025).
Kista metro station
Kista metro station is a station on the blue line of the Stockholm metro, located in the district of Kista, northern Stockholm. The distance to Kungsträdgården is 15.9 km (9.9 mi). It was opened on 5 June 1977 as part of the extension from Hallonbergen to Akalla. The station is the only one on the blue line above ground. There have been several safety incidents around Kista metro station, including shootings, stabbings and robberies.

Kungsträdgården metro station
Kungsträdgården is a station of the Stockholm Metro, located in the district of Norrmalm. It is the end station of line 10 and line 11, and was opened on 30 October 1977, as the 91st station and part of the one-station extension from T-Centralen. The platform is located approximately 34 meters underground. The station features relics rescued from the many buildings pulled down during the redevelopment of central Stockholm during the 1950s and 1960s throughout the station.

The entrance to the station was originally intended to be in the park Kungsträdgården, but due to the Elm Conflict in 1971 these plans had to change.
Allama Iqbal Park, Rawalpindi
Allama Iqbal Park, formerly known as Nawaz Sharif Park, is a public urban park in Rawalpindi, Punjab, Pakistan. It is administered by the Parks and Horticulture Authority (PHA) Rawalpindi and is located on Murree Road near the Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium.

The park is spread over an area of 28 acres and is one of the largest public park in Rawalpindi.

Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium
Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium is a cricket stadium located in Rawalpindi, Punjab province of Pakistan. It is located close to Pir Meher Ali Shah University and Rawalpindi Arts Council and has an estimated capacity of 15,000. The first international match at the stadium was played on 19 January 1992, when Sri Lanka faced Pakistan in an ODI. The stadium hosted its first Test match in 1993, when Zimbabwe toured Pakistan.

Test cricket returned to Pakistan during the 2019 two-match Test series against Sri Lanka. The first test match was held from 11–15 December 2019 at the Rawalpindi Cricket Stadium.
Gantz: E
Gantz: E (stylized as GANTZ:E) is a Japanese manga series written by Hiroya Oku and illustrated by Jin Kagetsu. It is a spin-off to Oku's Gantz manga series, set in the Edo period. Gantz: E started in Shueisha's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Jump in January 2020 and finished in the magazine in December 2023, before being moved to the YanJan! manga app in January 2024.

Gantz
Gantz (stylized in all caps) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Hiroya Oku. It was serialized in Shueisha's seinen manga magazine Weekly Young Jump from June 2000 to June 2013, with its chapters collected in 37 tankōbon volumes. It tells the story of Kei Kurono and Masaru Kato, both of whom died in a train accident and become part of a semi-posthumous "game" in which they and several other recently deceased people are forced to hunt down and kill aliens armed with a handful of futuristic items, equipment, and weaponry.

An anime television series adaptation, directed by Ichiro Itano and animated by Gonzo, was broadcast for 26 episodes, divided into two seasons, in 2004. A series of two live-action films based on the manga were produced and released in January and April 2011. A CGI anime film, Gantz: O, was released in 2016.
Protomycena
Protomycena is an extinct monotypic genus of gilled fungus in the family Mycenaceae, of order Agaricales.  At present it contains the single species Protomycena electra, known from a single specimen collected in an amber mine in the Cordillera Septentrional area of the Dominican Republic. The fruit body of the fungus has a convex cap that is 5 mm (0.2 in) in diameter, with distantly spaced gills on the underside. The curved stipe is smooth and cylindrical, measuring 0.75 mm (0.030 in) thick by 10 mm (0.39 in) long, and lacks a ring. It resembles extant (currently living) species of the genus Mycena. Protomycena is one of only five known agaric fungus species known in the fossil record and the second to be described from Dominican amber.

Mycena
Mycena is a genus of about 500 species of fungi.

Rarely more than a few centimeters in width, the mushrooms are characterized by a small conical or bell-shaped cap and a thin fragile stem. Most are grey or brown, but a few species have brighter colours. Most have a translucent and striate cap, which rarely has an incurved margin. The gills are attached and usually have cystidia. Some species, like M. haematopus, exude a latex when the stem is broken, and many species have a chlorine or radish-like odour. They produce a white spore print.

The species are saprotrophic. Their edibility varies, with some members containing toxins.
Hallasan
Hallasan (Korean: 한라산) is a shield volcano comprising much of Jeju Island in South Korea. Its summit, at 1,947 m (6,388 ft), is the highest point in the country. The area around the mountain is a designated national park, named Hallasan National Park. Hallasan is commonly considered to be one of the three main mountains of South Korea, along with Jirisan and Seoraksan.

The Hallasan Natural Reserve was designated as a South Korean Natural Monument number 182 on October 12, 1966.

Shield volcano
A shield volcano is a type of volcano named for its low profile, resembling a shield lying on the ground. It is formed by the eruption of highly fluid (low viscosity) lava, which travels farther and forms thinner flows than the more viscous lava erupted from a stratovolcano. Repeated eruptions result in the steady accumulation of broad sheets of lava, building up the shield volcano's distinctive form.

Shield volcanoes are found wherever fluid, low-silica lava reaches the surface of a rocky planet. However, they are most characteristic of ocean island volcanism associated with hot spots or with continental rift volcanism. They include the largest active volcanoes on Earth, such as Mauna Loa. Giant shield volcanoes are found on other planets of the Solar System, including Olympus Mons on Mars and Sapas Mons on Venus.