hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Butlers Cross
Butlers Cross is a hamlet within the parish of Ellesborough (where the 2011 Census population was included), in Buckinghamshire, England.  It is in the south of the parish, at the crossroads between the road from Ellesborough to Little Kimble, and the road from Terrick to the Chequers country house.

The hamlet's name refers to this junction of the two roads, and the fact that this was the place where the Chequers staff and servants normally lived.

On the corner of the junction is a pub called 'The Russell' (formerly the 'Russell Arms'), referring to the family that once owned Chequers. Opposite the pub is a village hall, the Ellesborough Parish Hall, which holds local community events and regular activities such as children's groups, band rehearsals, self-defence and martial arts classes.

51°45′18″N 0°46′44″W﻿ / ﻿51.755°N 0.779°W﻿ / 51.755; -0.779

Terrick
Terrick (formerly Terwick) is a hamlet in the parish of Ellesborough, in Buckinghamshire, England.  It is located in the north of the parish, where the lane leading to Chequers meets the main road from Stoke Mandeville to Little Kimble.

The hamlet name is Anglo Saxon in origin, and means 'Teofer's farm'.
MECC Maastricht
The Maastricht Exhibition & Conference Centre (shortened as MECC Maastricht) is a convention centre in Maastricht, Netherlands, located in the city's Randwyck district. It is well-known for hosting the annual European Fine Art Fair (TEFAF), which is considered one of the world's leading art fairs. MECC Maastricht was a shortlisted candidate to host the Eurovision Song Contest 2020, losing to Rotterdam Ahoy.

Rotterdam Ahoy
Rotterdam Ahoy (formerly known as Ahoy Rotterdam or simply as Ahoy) is a multi-purpose complex with a convention centre and an indoor arena located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. Opened originally in 1950, the current complex consists of three main venues: a fairs and events hall, a congress and conference centre, and the main venue the Ahoy Arena. The latter (informally known as the Sportpaleis, lit. 'Sport Palace') opened on 15 January 1971 and is the largest multi-purpose venue in the Netherlands, with a capacity of 16,426 as of May 2019.
Zambia national rugby sevens team
The Zambia national rugby sevens team is the men's African rugby sevens team that competes in the annual Africa Men's Sevens competition and the Commonwealth Games. It is governed by the Zambia Rugby Football Union (ZRFU).

The team reached their peak in 2003, when they participated on the World 7s series, drawing with the likes of Australia. However it is widely agreed with the talents of Hamayuma, Chimbuluku and Watkins the side is currently the strongest it has ever been.

Zambia Rugby Football Union
The Zambia Rugby Union is the governing body for rugby union in Zambia. They also govern rugby sevens in Zambia. It is a member of the Confederation of African Rugby (CAR) and a member of the International Rugby Board. It administers the Zambia national rugby union team.
Zambia Sevens has qualified for 2 Commonwealth games - the 2018 event in the Gold coast and the 2022 event in Birmingham.

The 7s side finished 4th at the 2022 Africa 7s, losing out by a try to Kenya in the Bronze final.
Run-on
In hydrology, run-on refers to surface runoff from an external area that flows on to an area of interest.  A  portion of run-on can infiltrate once it reaches the area of interest. Run-on is common in arid and semi-arid areas with patchy vegetation cover and short but intense thunderstorms. In these environments, surface runoff is usually generated by a failure of rainfall to infiltrate into the ground quickly enough (this runoff is termed infiltration excess overland flow). This is more likely to occur on bare soil, with low infiltration capacity. As runoff flows downslope, it may run-on to ground with higher infiltration capacity (such as beneath vegetation) and then infiltrate.

Run-on is an important process in the hydrological and ecohydrological behaviour of semi-arid ecosystems. Tiger bush is an example of a vegetation community that develops a patterned structure in response to, in part, the generation of runoff and run-on.

Ecohydrology
Ecohydrology (from Greek οἶκος, oikos, "house(hold)"; ὕδωρ, hydōr, "water"; and -λογία, -logia) is an interdisciplinary scientific field studying the interactions between water and ecological systems. It is considered a sub discipline of hydrology, with an ecological focus. These interactions may take place within water bodies, such as rivers and lakes, or on land, in forests, deserts, and other terrestrial ecosystems.  Areas of research in ecohydrology include transpiration and plant water use, adaption of organisms to their water environment, influence of vegetation and benthic plants on stream flow and function, and feedbacks between ecological processes, the soil carbon sponge and the hydrological cycle.
Zone 79, Qatar
Zone 79 is a zone of the municipality of Al Shamal in Qatar. The main districts recorded in the 2015 population census were Madinat ash Shamal, the municipal seat, and Ar Ru'ays.

Other districts which fall within its administrative boundaries of the municipality are Al `Adhbah, Al Ghariyah, Al Khasooma, Al Mafjar, Al Qa`abiyah, Al Zeghab, and Ras Al Shindwie.

Al-ʽAdhbah
Al-ʽAdhbah (Arabic: عذبة; also spelled as Al Athbah) is a village in Qatar, located in the municipality of Ash Shamal. It previously served as Bedouin camping ground and had 5 masonry wells in the early 1900s.
2015 FedEx Cup Playoffs
The 2015 FedEx Cup Playoffs, the series of four golf tournaments that will determine the season champion on the U.S.-based PGA Tour, were played from August 27 to September 27. It included the following four events:

The Barclays – Plainfield Country Club, Edison, New Jersey

Deutsche Bank Championship – TPC Boston, Norton, Massachusetts

BMW Championship – Conway Farms Golf Club, Lake Forest, Illinois

Tour Championship – East Lake Golf Club, Atlanta, Georgia

These were the ninth FedEx Cup playoffs since their inception in 2007.

The point distributions can be seen here.

BMW Championship (PGA Tour)
The BMW Championship is a professional golf tournament which is the penultimate FedEx Cup playoff event on the PGA Tour schedule. Introduced in 2007, the BMW Championship was previously known as the Western Open.  The Western Golf Association, which founded and ran the Western Open, runs the BMW Championship. In 2012, 2013, and 2014, the PGA Tour named the BMW Championship its Tournament of the Year. The BMW Championship is the longest running regular PGA Tour event on the calendar outside of the four major tournaments.
Paris point
The Paris point is a unit of length defined as 2⁄3 centimetre (6.67 mm; 0.262 in). It is commonly used for shoe sizes in Continental Europe.

The unit was invented by French shoemakers in the early 1800s. Its origin probably lies in 2⁄3 centimetre being very close to 1⁄4 inch; a French inch pouce-roi is around 27 mm, a quarter of that is 6.7 mm, close to 6.6 mm defined for the Paris point.

Unit of length
A unit of length is any arbitrarily chosen and accepted reference standard for measurement of length. The most common units in modern use are the metric units, used in every country globally. In the United States the U.S. customary units are also in use. British Imperial units are still used for some purposes in the United Kingdom and some other countries. The metric system is sub-divided into SI and non-SI units.
Amilcar Compound
The Amilcar Compound is a front wheel drive car with unitary body/chassis introduced shortly before World War II by Amilcar after their takeover by Hotchkiss. It was designed by the famous French engineer Jean-Albert Grégoire.

Paul-Marie Pons
Paul-Marie Pons (24 June 1904 – 24 October 1966) was a French naval engineer who became a senior civil servant. He is remembered for the Pons Plan which restructured the French automotive industry in the second half of the 1940s.
Andrias matthewi
Andrias matthewi, or Matthew's giant salamander, is an extinct species of giant salamander from the Miocene of North America. It belongs to the genus Andrias, which contains the living Asian giant salamanders. It is the largest salamander known to have ever existed, with a maximum estimated length of 2.3 m (7 ft 7 in). Its fossils have been found in Nebraska, Colorado, and Saskatchewan.

Andrias
Andrias is a genus of giant salamanders. It includes the largest salamanders in the world, with A. japonicus reaching a length of 1.44 metres (4 ft 9 in), and A. sligoi reaching 1.80 metres (5 ft 11 in). While extant species are known only from East Asia, several extinct species in the genus are known from late Oligocene and Neogene aged fossils collected in Europe and North America, indicating that the genus formerly had a much wider range.
2013 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 2013 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships were contested from March 28–30, 2013 at the Indiana University Natatorium in Indianapolis, Indiana at the 90th annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

Michigan topped the team standings, finishing 73.5 points ahead of two-time defending champions California. It was the Wolverines' then-record twelfth men's team title and first since 1995.

1995 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships
The 1995 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships were contested in March 1995 at the Indiana University Natatorium in Indianapolis, Indiana at the 72nd annual NCAA-sanctioned swim meet to determine the team and individual national champions of Division I men's collegiate swimming and diving in the United States.

Michigan topped the team standings, finishing 86 points ahead of three-time defending champions Stanford. It was the Wolverines' eleventh title but their first since 1961. It was the first title for coach Jon Urbanchek.
Scalar boson
A scalar boson is a boson whose spin equals zero. A boson is a particle whose wave function is symmetric under particle exchange and therefore follows Bose–Einstein statistics. The spin–statistics theorem implies that all bosons have an integer-valued spin. Scalar bosons are the subset of bosons with zero-valued spin.

The name scalar boson arises from quantum field theory, which demands that fields of spin-zero particles transform like a scalar under Lorentz transformation (i.e. are Lorentz invariant).

A pseudoscalar boson is a scalar boson that has odd parity, whereas "regular" scalar bosons have even parity.

Quantum field theory
In theoretical physics, quantum field theory (QFT) is a theoretical framework that combines field theory, special relativity and quantum mechanics.: xi  QFT is used in particle physics to construct physical models of subatomic particles and in condensed matter physics to construct models of quasiparticles. The current standard model of particle physics is based on QFT.

Despite its extraordinary predictive success, QFT faces ongoing challenges in fully incorporating gravity and in establishing a completely rigorous mathematical foundation.
Human rights in post-invasion Iraq
Human rights in post-invasion Iraq have been a subject of concern and controversy since the 2003 U.S. invasion. Issues have been raised regarding the conduct of insurgents, U.S.-led coalition forces, and the Iraqi government. The United States is investigating several allegations of violations of international and domestic standards of conduct in isolated incidents involving its forces and contractors. Similarly, the United Kingdom is conducting investigations into alleged human rights abuses by its forces. War crime tribunals and criminal prosecutions for numerous crimes committed by insurgents are likely still years away. In late February 2009, the U.S. State Department released a report on the human rights situation in Iraq, reflecting on developments during the previous year (2008).

Prisoner abuse
Prisoner abuse is the mistreatment of persons while they are under arrest or incarcerated. Prisoner abuse can include physical abuse, psychological abuse, sexual abuse, torture, or other acts such as refusal of essential medication, and it can be perpetuated by either fellow inmates or prison faculty.
San Teodoro (Genoa)
San Teodoro (San Tiodöo /saŋ tjuˈdɔːu/ in Ligurian) is a neighborhood of Genoa, sandwiched between the districts of Sampierdarena to the west, Rivarolo to the northwest, and Lagaccio and Prè to the east. Toward the south, the neighborhood faces the port area between the Maritime Station and the Lighthouse, which is mainly dedicated to passenger traffic (cruise terminal and ferry terminal).

Principe–Granarolo rack railway
The Principe–Granarolo rack railway (Italian: Ferrovia Principe-Granarolo) is a rack railway in the Italian city of Genoa that connects via del Lagaccio, near the Genoa Piazza Principe railway station, to the Granarolo hills. The line is sometimes erroneously described as a funicular and listed alongside the city's Zecca–Righi funicular, the Sant'Anna funicular and the Quezzi funicular. The line is managed by AMT Genova, which manages the city's public transport.  It is a rare example of a rack railway operating within a city (others include the Dolderbahn and Stuttgart Rack Railway).
Kolding IF Women
Kolding IF Women is a Danish women's football team based in Kolding, Denmark. The club is currently playing in the Danish top division, the A-Liga, and they play their home matches at the Kolding Stadium. The team was previously named KoldingQ.

Kolding Stadium
Kolding Stadion, known as Autocentral Park for sponsorship purposes, is a multi-purpose stadium in Kolding, Denmark.

It consists of an old wooden stand (west), a 700-seater, a larger more modern east stand, with room for a sitting crowd of 1,517 (after the 2006 rebuild), plus a round southern stand. There are four athletics running lanes (six for sprint distances up until 110 metres), and facilities for pole vaulting, high jumping, hammer throwing, shot putting and long jumping.
Virāja
Viraj (Sanskrit: विराज, romanized: Virāja) is a word in the Sanskrit language, which indicates sovereignty, excellence, or splendour. Viraja is the mythical primeval being associated with creation who is often personified as the secondary creator.

Devata
Devata (pl: devatas, meaning 'the gods')  are smaller and more focused Devas (Deities) in Indian religions, such as Hinduism and Buddhism. The term "devata" itself can also mean deva. They can be either male or female. Every human activity has its devata, its spiritual counterpart or aspect.
Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International Airport
Kalamazoo/Battle Creek International Airport (IATA: AZO, ICAO: KAZO, FAA LID: AZO) is a county-owned public airport in Kalamazoo, Kalamazoo County, Michigan, US, 3 miles (4.8 km) southeast of Downtown Kalamazoo. The airport is located approximately 20 miles (32 km) west of the city of Battle Creek. It is included in the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) National Plan of Integrated Airport Systems for 2023-27, in which it is categorized as a non-hub primary commercial service facility.

The airport has an Airport Traffic Control Tower (ATCT) and a Terminal Radar Approach Control (TRACON). It has one passenger terminal and five gates. Two airlines operate flights in and out of AZO.

Delta Air Lines
Delta Air Lines, Inc. is a major airline in the United States headquartered in Atlanta, Georgia, operating nine hubs, with Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport being its largest in terms of total passengers and number of departures. With its regional subsidiaries and contractors operating under the brand name Delta Connection, Delta has over 5,400 flights daily and serves 325 destinations in 52 countries on six continents.

Delta is a founding member of the SkyTeam airline alliance. It is the second-oldest operating commercial airline in the U.S. It ranks first in revenue and brand value among the world's largest airlines, and second by number of passengers carried and passenger miles flown.
Eucalyptus ordiana
Eucalyptus ordiana is a species of small tree or a mallee that is endemic to the Kimberley area of Western Australia. It has smooth, powdery bark, egg-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, white flowers and cup-shaped fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
Zalesie, Szczytno County
Zalesie [zaˈlɛɕɛ] (German: Salleschen; 1938-45: Ingelheim) is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Dźwierzuty, within Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It lies approximately 9 km (6 mi) east of Dźwierzuty, 18 km (11 mi) north of Szczytno, and 39 km (24 mi) east of the regional capital Olsztyn.

Dźwierzuty
Dźwierzuty [d͡ʑvjɛˈʐutɨ] (German: Mensguth) is a village in Szczytno County, Warmian-Masurian Voivodeship, in northern Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Dźwierzuty.

In 2006 the village had a population of 1,380.
Leslie County, Kentucky
Leslie County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. Its county seat and largest city is Hyden. As of the 2020 census, the population was 10,513. It was formed in 1878 from portions of Clay, Harlan, and Perry counties, and named for Preston Leslie, governor of Kentucky from 1871 to 1875.

Middle Fork Kentucky River
Middle Fork Kentucky River is a river in Kentucky in the United States.
It is a fork of the Kentucky River that it joins just upstream of Beattyville.
It is approximately 85 miles (137 km) long.

It rises in the Appalachian Mountains in extreme southeastern Kentucky, in northeastern Harlan County, approximately 5 mi (8 km) from the Virginia state line. It flows initially southwest, in the valley on the eastern side of Pine Mountain, then passes along the southeastern end of the ridge, flowing north through the Cumberland Plateau past Hyden. At Buckhorn, it is impounded to form the Buckhorn Lake reservoir. North of the reservoir it flows generally northwest and joins the North Fork in Lee County.
The Fort Dearborn Massacre Monument
The Fort Dearborn Massacre Monument, also known as Potawatomi Rescue and Black Partridge Saving Mrs. Helm, is an 1893 bronze sculpture by Carl Rohl-Smith (1848–1900) that was installed in Chicago, in the U.S. state of Illinois.  The statue is about nine feet (three meters) in height.  It depicts Black Partridge, a Potawatomi chief, saving the life of Margaret Helm, the wife of a U.S. army officer,  during the Battle of Fort Dearborn in 1812.

The Fort Dearborn Massacre Monument is not to be confused with Defense, a 1928 bas relief sculpture by Henry Hering.  Defense also depicts a scene from the Battle of Fort Dearborn, and is located on the side of the southwest bridgehouse of the DuSable Bridge, at the corner of Michigan Avenue and Wacker Drive, the former location of Fort Dearborn.

Battle of Fort Dearborn
The Battle of Fort Dearborn (sometimes called the Fort Dearborn Massacre) was an engagement between United States troops, militia and Miami native auxiliaries, against Potawatomi Native Americans that took place on August 15, 1812, near Fort Dearborn, then part of Illinois Territory in the Chicago area. The battle, part of the War of 1812, followed the evacuation of the fort ordered by the commander of the United States Army of the Northwest, William Hull. The battle lasted about 15 minutes and resulted in a complete victory for the Native Americans. After the battle, Fort Dearborn was burned down. Some of the soldiers and settlers who had been taken captive were later ransomed.

Following the battle, the federal government became convinced that all Indians had to be removed from the territory and the vicinity of any settlements, as settlers continued to migrate to the area. The fort was later rebuilt in 1816.
Vanden Plas
Vanden Plas is the name of coachbuilders who produced bodies for specialist and up-market automobile manufacturers. Latterly, the name became a top-end luxury model designation for cars from subsidiaries of British Leyland and the Rover Group, being last used in 2009 to denote the top-luxury version of the Jaguar XJ (X350).

Austin Motor Company
The Austin Motor Company Limited was a British manufacturer of motor vehicles, founded in 1905 by Herbert Austin in Longbridge. In 1952 it was merged with Morris Motors Limited in the new holding company British Motor Corporation (BMC) Limited, keeping its separate identity. The marque Austin was used until 1987 by BMC's successors British Leyland and Rover Group. The trademark is currently owned by the Chinese firm SAIC Motor, after being transferred from bankrupt subsidiary Nanjing Automotive which had acquired it with MG Rover Group in July 2005.
Christian L. Poorman
Christian L. Poorman (October 28, 1825 – March 6, 1912) was an American politician, Union Army officer and businessman who served as the 26th Ohio secretary of state from 1892 to 1893 and in the Ohio House of Representatives.

Ohio's 16th congressional district
The 16th congressional district of Ohio is an obsolete United States congressional district last represented by Representative Anthony Gonzalez (R). It was last located in the northeast of the state, covering Wayne County and with arms extending north into the suburbs of Cleveland, and east into Greater Akron and Stark County. The district was eliminated upon the swearing in of the 118th United States Congress on January 3, 2023, as the reapportionment after the 2020 census reduced the number of congressional districts in Ohio to fifteen.
Yennora
Yennora is a suburb of Sydney in the state of New South Wales, Australia, 29 kilometres west of the Sydney central business district. The residential part of the suburb is primarily in the local government area of the City of Fairfield, although the industrial area in west is a part of Cumberland Council. It is part of the Greater Western Sydney region.

Main Southern railway line
The Main Southern railway line (or Great Southern Railway) is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia. It runs from Sydney to Albury, near the Victorian border. The line passes through the Southern Highlands, Southern Tablelands, South West Slopes and Riverina regions.