hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Islamic flag
An Islamic flag is the flag representing an Islamic caliphate, religious order, state, civil society, military force or other entity associated with Islam. Islamic flags have a distinct history due to the Islamic prescription on aniconism, making particular colours, inscriptions or symbols such as crescent-and-star popular choices. Since the time of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, flags with certain colours were associated with Islam according to the traditions. Since then, historical caliphates, modern nation states, certain denominations as well as religious movements have adopted flags to symbolize their Islamic identity. Some secular states and ethnic or national movements also use symbols of Islamic origin as markers of heritage and identity.

Flag of Libya
The national flag of Libya (Arabic: علم ليبيا) was originally introduced in 1951, following the creation of the Kingdom of Libya. It was designed by Omar Faiek Shennib and approved by King Idris Al Senussi who comprised the UN delegation representing the three regions of Cyrenaica, Fezzan, and Tripolitania at UN unification discussions.

The flag was abolished following the fall of the Kingdom in 1969, and the leader Muammar al-Gaddafi had implemented a few other different flags since then, but it was ultimately readopted by the National Transitional Council following the fall of Gaddafi on 3 August 2011.

The flag consists of a triband red-black-green design, the central black band being twice the width of the outer bands. A white star and crescent is located in the center of the flag.
Tai Orathai
Tai Orathai (Thai: ต่าย อรทัย; born March 27, 1980) is a Thai female Luk Thung singer from Ubon Ratchatani, Thailand. She is also known as "Sao Dok Yaah" (Miss Grass Flower). The name Sao Dok Yaah comes from her debut album. She graduated with a Bachelor's degree in the Faculty of Mass Communication from Ramkhamhaeng University.

Jakrapun Kornburiteerachote
Jakrapun Kornburiteerachote (Thai: จักรพันธ์ ครบุรีธีรโชติ) (born 13 September 1968), or stage name Got Jakrapun (ก๊อท จักรพันธ์, formerly ก๊อต จักรพรรณ์), is a famous Thai Luk thung singer. His alias is Prince of Luk thung (เจ้าชายลูกทุ่ง). He has many popular songs including Ruk Koon Ying Gwah Krai, Som Wung Nah Krub, Tan Kwarm Kid Teung, Jai Sah Ra Parb, Taung Mee Suk Wan etc.
Kalmari
Kalmari is a Finnish surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Anne Kalmari (born 1968), Finnish politician

Johan Richard Danielson-Kalmari (1853–1933), Finnish politician and historian

Laura Österberg Kalmari (born 1979), Finnish footballer

Finnish name
In Finland, a person must have a surname and at least one given name with up to four given names permitted. Surnames are inherited either patrilineally or matrilineally, while given names are usually chosen by a person's parents. Finnish names come from a variety of dissimilar traditions that were consolidated only in the early 20th century. The first national act on names came into force in 1921, and it made surnames mandatory. Between 1930 and 1985, the Western Finnish tradition whereby a married woman took her husband's surname was mandatory. Previously in Eastern Finland, this was not necessarily the case. On 1 January 2019, the reformed Act on Forenames and Surnames came into force.

Finnish given names are often of Christian origin (e.g., Jukka from Greek Johannes), but Finnish and Swedish origins are also common.
History of France (1900–present)
The history of France from 1900 to the present includes:

the later years of the Third Republic (1870–1940)

World War I (1914–1918)
Interwar Period (1918–1939)
World War II (1939–1945)

the Fourth Republic (1946–1958)

the Fifth Republic (since 1958)

Franco-Russian Alliance
The Franco-Russian Alliance (French: Alliance Franco-Russe, Russian: Франко-Русский Альянс, romanized: Franko-Russkiy Al'yans), also known as the Dual Entente or Russo-French Rapprochement (Rapprochement Franco-Russe, Русско-Французское Сближение; Russko-Frantsuzskoye Sblizheniye), was an alliance formed by the agreements of 1891–94; it lasted until 1917. The strengthening of the German Empire, the creation of the Triple Alliance of 1882, and the exacerbation of Franco-German and Russo-German tensions at the end of the 1880s led to a common foreign policy and mutual strategic military interests between France and Russia. The development of financial ties between the two countries created the economic prerequisites for the Russo-French Alliance.
Beach Cricket Tri-Nations series
The XXXX Gold Beach Cricket Tri-Nations series was a beach cricket competition created and sponsored by Australian beer brand XXXX. It was launched on 27 September 2006, and the event coincided with the 2006–07 Ashes series being played in Australia with the first series being played in January 2007.

The first series involved cricketing legends from Australia, England and West Indies. It was won by England, who beat Australia in the Grand Final on 4 February 2007. Due to the popularity to the initial series, a new 2008 series was held with teams from Australia, England and New Zealand competing, which also saw the addition of Glenelg Beach in Adelaide included in the schedule alongside the existing locations of Maroubra Beach in Sydney, Scarborough Beach in Perth and Coolangatta Beach in Gold Coast.

2009 saw the series reduced to just one location, Coolangatta Beach. The series did not return in 2010.

Backyard cricket
Backyard cricket, also known as bat ball, bat down, street cricket, beach cricket, corridor cricket, garden cricket, gully cricket (in the Indian subcontinent) and box cricket (in instances of shorter grounds), is an informal variant of cricket. It is typically played in various non-traditional venues such as gardens, backyards, streets, parks, carparks, beaches, and any area not specifically designed for the sport.

Backyard cricket has connections to the pastimes of Australian, South African and New Zealand and English children who frequently lived on properties with large backyards, providing the facility to play this informal game of sport often with friends, family and neighbors. In South Asia, backyard cricket is very popular.
Hyacinthe-Marie Cormier
Hyacinthe-Marie Cormier (8 December 1832 – 17 December 1916) was a French Dominican friar and religious priest, who served as the 76th Master of the Order of Preachers from 1904 until 1916. Cormier was beatified by Pope John Paul II on 20 November 1994.

Master of the Order of Preachers
The Master of the Order of Preachers is the Superior General of the Order of Preachers, commonly known as the Dominicans.

The Master of the Order of Preachers is ex officio Grand Chancellor of the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas, Angelicum in Rome, Italy, and of the Pontifical and Royal University of Santo Tomas in Manila, Philippines.

Fr. Gerard Francisco Timoner III serves as Master of the Order, since his 2019 election at the General Chapter held in Biên Hòa.
Outline of the United Arab Emirates
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to the United Arab Emirates:

United Arab Emirates – sovereign federation of seven states located southeast of the Persian Gulf on the Arabian Peninsula in Southwest Asia, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia.  The seven states, termed emirates, are Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah, and Umm al-Quwain.

Demographics of the United Arab Emirates
Demographic features of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) include population density, vital statistics, immigration and emigration data, ethnicity, education levels, religions practiced, and languages spoken within the UAE.

The majority of the population comes from South Asia, and is predominantly Muslim.
Laura Feiersinger
Laura Feiersinger (born 5 April 1993) is an Austrian footballer who plays as a midfielder for  1. FC Köln. She represented the Austria national team from 2010 until 2025, earning 126 caps (the fourth-most in history) and scoring 19 goals.

Cyprus Women's Cup
The Cyprus Women's Cup was a global invitational tournament for national teams in women's football. It was held annually in Cyprus since 2008 until the introduction of the UEFA Women's Nations League in 2023. Although the competition takes place in Cyprus, the hosts never took part in the competition.

It was played in late February or early March, at the same time as the Algarve Cup, the Arnold Clark Cup, the Cup of Nations, the Istria Cup, the Pinatar Cup, the SheBelieves Cup, the Tournoi de France, the Turkish Women's Cup and the Women's Revelations Cup.
Tione di Trento
Tione di Trento (Trentino: Tiòn; Local dialect: Tió) is a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Trento.

Tione di Trento borders the following, municipalities: Ragoli, Villa Rendena, Preore, Comano Terme, Bleggio Superiore, Bondo, Bolbeno, Breguzzo, Zuclo, Roncone, Lardaro, Ledro and Pieve di Bono.

It is a centre for production of candles.

Villa Rendena
Villa Rendena (locally called Villa) was a comune (municipality) in Trentino in the northern Italian region Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol, located about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Trento.   It was merged with Vigo Rendena and Darè on January 1, 2016, to form a new municipality, Porte di Rendena.
Momir Rnić (handballer, born 1955)
Momir Rnić (Serbian Cyrillic: Момир Рнић; born 3 February 1955) is a Serbian handball coach and former player who competed for Yugoslavia in the 1980 Summer Olympics, in the 1984 Summer Olympics, and in the 1988 Summer Olympics.

Yugoslav Handball Championship
The Yugoslav Handball Championship was the highest level competition in men's team handball in the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, played regularly for almost four decades between 1953 and 1992, before being abandoned due to the breakup of Yugoslavia.
Hadsund Municipality
Hadsund Municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in North Jutland County on the Jutland peninsula in northern Denmark until 1 January 2007 the municipality covered an area of 170.28 km², and had a total population of 10,914 (2004). Its last mayor was Karl Christensen, a member of the Social Democrats (Socialdemokraterne) political party.

The largest city and the site of its municipal council was the town of Hadsund.

On 1 January 2007 Hadsund Municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007). It was merged with former Arden and Hobro municipalities, and parts of Mariager, Aalestrup and Nørager municipalities to form the new Mariagerfjord Municipality. This created a municipality with an area of 723.63 km² and a total population of 43,049 (2005). The new municipality belongs to the Region Nordjylland ("North Jutland Region").

Mariager Municipality
Until 1 January 2007 Mariager municipality was a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Aarhus County on the east coast of the Jutland peninsula in central Denmark.  The municipality covered an area of 201 km2, and had a total population of 8,300 (2005).  Its last mayor was Erik Kirkegaard Mikkelsen, a member of the Conservative People's Party (Det Konservative Folkeparti) political party. The main town and the site of its municipal council was the town of Mariager.

Mariager municipality ceased to exist as the result of Kommunalreformen ("The Municipality Reform" of 2007).  Part of it was merged with existing Arden, Hadsund, and Hobro municipalities to form the new Mariagerfjord municipality.  This created a municipality with an area of 769 km2 and a total population of 43,049 (2005) belonging to Region Nordjylland ("North Jutland Region"). The remainder was merged into an enlarged Randers municipality.
2020 Kyrgyz parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Kyrgyzstan on 4 October 2020. The results showed that pro-government parties had won a supermajority of seats. The election was subsequently annulled by the Central Election Commission during the 2020 Kyrgyzstan protests.

COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan
The COVID-19 pandemic in Kyrgyzstan was a part of the worldwide pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The virus was confirmed to have reached Kyrgyzstan in March 2020.
Østfold Police District
Østfold Police District (Norwegian: Østfold politidistrikt) was a police district headquartered in Sarpsborg, Norway, serving the municipalities of Aremark, Fredrikstad, Halden, Hvaler, Marker, Moss, Rakkestad, Rygge, Rømskog, Råde, Sarpsborg and Våler. Other municipalities in Østfold county belonged to Follo Police District. The police district is on the border with Sweden.

The district had police stations in Sarpsborg, Fredrikstad, Halden and Moss and six sheriff's offices (lensmannskontor).

In 2016, Østfold Police District merged with Follo Police District and Romerike Police District to form East Police District.

Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg (pronounced [ˈsɑ̀ʂbɔr] or [ˈsɑ̀rpsbɔrɡ]), historically Borg, is a city and municipality in Østfold county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.

Sarpsborg is part of the fifth largest urban area in Norway when paired with neighbouring Fredrikstad. As of 1 January 2018, according to Statistics Norway these two municipalities have a total population of 136,127 with  55,840 in Sarpsborg and 81,278 in Fredrikstad.

Statistics for 2021, say that the city has a population where 19% of the children belong to families that have "low-income in the long-term"; that is the highest level for a city (in Norway); the national level is 11.3%.
2020 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2020.

Taphonomy
Taphonomy is the study of how organisms decay and become fossilized or preserved in the paleontological record. The term taphonomy (from Greek táphos, τάφος 'burial' and nomos, νόμος 'law') was introduced to paleontology in 1940 by Soviet scientist Ivan Efremov to describe the study of the transition of remains, parts, or products of organisms from the biosphere to the lithosphere.

The term taphomorph is used to describe fossil structures that represent poorly-preserved, deteriorated remains of a mixture of taxonomic groups, rather than of a single one.
Minden, New York
Minden is a town in Montgomery County, New York, United States. The population was 4,166 at the 2020 census. The town is located at the western edge of the county and south of the Mohawk River, which forms its northern border. It possessed a post office from 1802 to 1903.

Springfield, New York
Springfield is a town in Otsego County, New York, United States.  The population was 1,358 at the 2010 census.  It is located at the northern county line of Otsego County and is approximately 50 mi (80 km) west of Schenectady.
Albin Countergambit, Lasker Trap
The Lasker Trap is a chess opening trap in the Albin Countergambit. It is named after Emanuel Lasker, although it was first noted by Serafino Dubois. It is unusual in that it features an underpromotion as early as the seventh move.

Glossary of chess
This glossary of chess explains commonly used terms in chess, in alphabetical order. Some of these terms have their own pages, like fork and pin.

For a list of:

unorthodox chess pieces, see Fairy chess piece;

terms specific to chess problems, see Glossary of chess problems;

named opening lines, see List of chess openings;

chess-related games, see List of chess variants;

terms general to board games, see Glossary of board games.
Trolleybuses in Lausanne
The Lausanne trolleybus system (French: Réseau de trolleybus de Lausanne) forms part of the public transport network of Lausanne, in the canton of Vaud, Switzerland.  The system has been in operation since 1932 and is the third-oldest surviving trolleybus system in the world, after those of Shanghai and Philadelphia.

Today, the system is the largest in Switzerland; it is supplemented by the Lausanne Metro, and by various conventional bus routes.

The system is operated by Transports publics de la région lausannoise (TL) – formerly Tramways Lausannois – and comprises 10 trolleybus lines, serving not only Lausanne, but also the neighbouring municipalities of Le Mont-sur-Lausanne, Lutry, Paudex, Prilly, Pully and Renens.  Following some line closures, the system no longer serves Cugy, Epalinges and Froideville.

Lausanne railway station
Lausanne railway station (French: Gare de Lausanne) is the main intercity and regional railway station for the city of Lausanne, Vaud, Switzerland. It is often known as Lausanne CFF to distinguish it from others in the town.
Avelo diving system
The Avelo diving system is a single cylinder, back-mounted scuba set with variable density buoyancy control.
The gas cylinder is a carbon fibre over aluminium  liner filament wound pressure vessel with a charging pressure of 300 bar and a gas capacity of about 106 cubic feet of atmospheric pressure air or recreational nitrox. The fully charged set is slightly buoyant and lighter than the equivalent scuba set using a metal cylinder and inflatable buoyancy compensator. Buoyancy of the set is adjustable by injecting ambient water into the cylinder to increase density and releasing it to reduce density. Less ballast weight is needed by the diver. Any 300 bar rated scuba regulator can be used.

Johnson Outdoors
Johnson Outdoors Inc. (Nasdaq: JOUT) produces outdoor recreational products such as watercraft, diving equipment, camping gear, and outdoor clothing. It has operations in 24 locations worldwide, employs 1,400 people and reports sales of more than $315 million. Helen Johnson-Leipold, one of Samuel Curtis Johnson, Jr.'s four children, has run the company since 1999.
Acraga sexquicentenaria
Acraga sexquicentenaria is a moth in the family Dalceridae. It was described by Ricardo Orfila in 1961. It is found in southern Brazil, northern Uruguay, and northern Argentina.

The larvae feed on Citrus sinensis. The adults are on wing in January to May, August, October, and November. The forewing length is 9–13 mm (0.35–0.51 in) in males and 15 mm (0.59 in) in females.

Dalceridae
The Dalceridae are a small family of zygaenoid moths with some 80 known species encompassing about one dozen genera mostly found in the Neotropical region with a few reaching the far south of the Nearctic region.

These are generally small or medium-sized moths with very hairy bodies. The larvae are rather slug-like and, along with the larvae of the sister taxa Limacodidae and Megalopygidae, are often known as slug caterpillars. More specifically, they are also called jewel caterpillars due to the colorful bead-like gelatinous mass covering the exoskeleton of many species.

Female Dalceridae have "accessory glands" that apply a rapidly drying liquid to the eggs. The function of the liquid is unknown but it is theorized that it may provide strength to eggs, help glue the eggs in place, or offer protection from egg parasites.
QGC
Shell's QGC (formerly, QGC Pty. Ltd.) (initials for "Queensland Gas Company") is one of the largest of several Australian coalbed methane companies developing methane reserves within the Bowen and Surat Basins of Queensland. The company has an estimated value of around A$13 billion.

BG Group acquired Queensland Gas Company in November 2008. QGC was included in the February 2016 acquisition of BG Group by Shell.

Bowen Basin
The Bowen Basin contains the largest coal reserves in Australia. This major coal-producing region contains one of the world's largest deposits of bituminous coal.  The Basin contains much of the known Permian coal resources in Queensland including virtually all of the known mineable prime coking coal. It was named for the Bowen River, itself named after Queensland's first Governor, Sir George Bowen.

The Bowen Basin covers an area of over 60,000 square kilometres in Central Queensland running from Collinsville to Theodore.  There was a combined population of 41,973 people in the area in 2001. The ornamental snake is a small reptile native to the Bowen Basin region.
Óscar Romero (footballer)
Óscar David Romero Villamayor (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈoskaɾ roˈmeɾo]; born 4 July 1992) is a Paraguayan professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder for Primera División club Huracán and the Paraguay national team. He is the twin brother of Ángel Romero.

APF División de Honor
The División de Honor or División Profesional de la Asociación Paraguaya de Fútbol (locally [diβiˈsjom pɾofesjoˈnal de la asosjaˈsjom paɾaˈɣwaʝa ðe ˈfuðβol]; "Professional Division of the Paraguayan Football Association"), or due to sponsorship reasons Copa de Primera Tigo – ueno bank, is the top-flight professional football league in Paraguay. Currently, there are 12 teams in the first division.

The most successful club is Olimpia, with 47 championships. Cerro Porteño are the most recent champions, having won the 2025 Clausura tournament. As of 2022, IFFHS ranked the league as the 10th strongest in the world and 3rd in South America.
Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus
Inflammatory linear verrucous epidermal nevus (ILVEN) is an uncommon skin (cutaneous) disorder characterized by itchy (pruritic), red (erythematous) and raised (hyperkeratotic) plaques that follow the lines of skin cell development (Blaschko lines). The rash typically presents in infancy or early childhood, with a female predominance and most frequently affects the lower limbs. ILVEN is caused by somatic mutations during the embryonic stage that results in visible genetic mosaicism.  There is no cure, but different medical treatments can alleviate the symptoms.

The plaques can vary significantly, but tend to be slightly warty (psoriaform) or scaly (eczema-like).

Parakeratosis
Parakeratosis is a mode of keratinization characterized by the retention of nuclei in the stratum corneum. In mucous membranes, parakeratosis is normal.  In the skin, this process leads to the abnormal replacement of annular squames with nucleated cells. Parakeratosis is associated with the thinning or loss of the granular layer and is usually seen in diseases of increased cell turnover, whether inflammatory or neoplastic. Parakeratosis is seen in the plaques of psoriasis and in dandruff.

Granular parakeratosis (originally termed axillary granular parakeratosis) is an idiopathic, benign, nondisabling cutaneous disease that manifests with intertriginous erythematous, brown or red, scaly or keratotic papules and plaques. It presents in all age groups and has no established clinical associations.

In contrast, hyperkeratosis (pictured) may also show a heterogeneous stratum corneum, but a preserved granular layer is seen.
Łukasz Rzepecki
Łukasz Adrian Rzepecki (born 5 September 1992) is a Polish politician, lawyer, former parliamentarian.

Graduate of the University of Łódź, he was the Chief of Staff to Marcin Mastalerek and a legislative assistant to Janusz Wojciechowski. Subsequently, he was the secretary of the Law and Justice party in the Łódź region and the chairman of the regional structures of the Law and Justice Youth Forum.

In 2010 he was elected a councillor in Ozorków. In 2014 successfully ran for councillor in Łódź. In 2015 Polish parliamentary elections Rzepecki was elected to Sejm, representing Law and Justice party. He was the youngest parliamentarian elected in these elections. On October 13 he joined the Kukiz'15 parliamentary club after being banished from PiS.

Marcin Mastalerek
Marcin Mastalerek (born 15 September 1984) is a Polish politician of Law and Justice. Since 2023, he has served as chief of cabinet of the Chancellery of the President of the Republic of Poland. He was previously a member of the Sejm from 2011 to 2015, and chairman of Law and Justice Youth Forum from 2011 to 2014.