hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
A. T. Stewart (pilot boat)
The A. T. Stewart was a 19th-century Sandy Hook pilot boat built in 1865 at the Edward F. Williams shipyard to replace the pilot boat George Steers, which was lost in 1865. She was built for the New Jersey and New York Sandy Hook Pilots Association. The Stewart was in a collision with the steamship Scotia and sank in 1869. She was replaced by the James Gordon Bennett in 1870.

Sandy Hook Pilots
Sandy Hook Pilots are licensed maritime pilots that are members of the Sandy Hook Pilots Association for the Port of New York and New Jersey, the Hudson River, and Long Island Sound. Sandy Hook pilots guide oceangoing vessels, passenger liners, freighters, and tankers in and out of the harbor. The peninsulas of Sandy Hook, and Rockaway in Lower New York Bay define the southern entrance to the port at the Atlantic Ocean.
Confluence of sinuses
The confluence of sinuses (Latin: confluens sinuum), torcular Herophili, or torcula is the connecting point of the superior sagittal sinus, straight sinus, and occipital sinus. It is below the internal occipital protuberance of the skull. It drains venous blood from the brain into the transverse sinuses. It may be affected by arteriovenous fistulas, a thrombus, major trauma, or surgical damage, and may be imaged with many radiology techniques.

Major trauma
Major trauma is any injury that has the potential to cause prolonged disability or death. There are many causes of major trauma, blunt and penetrating, including falls, motor vehicle collisions, stabbing wounds, and gunshot wounds. Depending on the severity of injury, quickness of management, and transportation to an appropriate medical facility (called a trauma center) may be necessary to prevent loss of life or limb. The initial assessment is critical, and involves a physical evaluation and also may include the use of imaging tools to determine the types of injuries accurately and to formulate a course of treatment.

In 2002, unintentional and intentional injuries were the fifth and seventh leading causes of deaths worldwide, accounting for 6.23% and 2.84% of all deaths. For research purposes the definition often is based on an Injury Severity Score (ISS) of greater than 15.
Naughty (1927 film)
Naughty is a 1927 silent film comedy directed by Hampton Del Ruth and starring Pauline Garon and John Harron. It was produced by Chadwick Pictures.

It is preserved in the Library of Congress collection and the Cinematheque Royale de Belgique, Brussels.

John Harron
John Harron (March 31, 1904 – November 24, 1939) was an American actor. He appeared in more than 160 films between 1918 and 1939.

Born on March 31, 1904, in New York City, he was the brother of actor Robert Harron and of actress Mary Harron.

Harron graduated from Santa Clara University. His film debut came in Through the Back Door (1921). After acting for Universal, he was under contract to Warner Bros. Harron "achieved great success on the silent screen but was reduced to minor roles or minor films with the coming of sound."

Harron died in Seattle, Washington from spinal meningitis. He is buried in Calvary Cemetery in Los Angeles.
Ernie Hickman
Ernest Patrick Hickman (April 18, 1856 – November 19, 1891), was a Major League Baseball pitcher. He played for the Kansas City Cowboys of the Union Association in 1884. His batting and throwing hand, as well as his middle name, and height and weight were all unknown until they were discovered by the webmaster of Baseball Almanac in 2023. With this new information, SABR still has yet to update his biography.

Hickman died in a murder-suicide, first shooting his wife and then shooting himself in the head. He reportedly wanted himself and his wife to die together.

Society for American Baseball Research
The Society for American Baseball Research (SABR) is a membership organization dedicated to fostering the research and dissemination of the history and statistical record of baseball. The organization was founded in Cooperstown, New York, on August 10, 1971, at a meeting of 16 "statistorians" coordinated by sportswriter Bob Davids. The organization now reports a membership of over 7,500 and is based in Phoenix, Arizona.
Static mesh
Static meshes are polygon meshes which constitute a major part of map architecture in many game engines, including Unreal Engine, Source, and Unity. The word "static" refers only to the fact that static meshes can't be vertex animated, as they can be moved, scaled, or reskinned in real-time.

Static Meshes can create more complex shapes than CSG (the other major part of map architecture) and are faster to render per triangle.

Unreal Engine
Unreal Engine (UE) is a 3D computer graphics game engine developed by Epic Games, initially made for use in the 1998 first-person shooter video game Unreal. Originally developed for PC first-person shooters, it has since been used in a variety of genres of games and has been adopted by other industries, most notably the film and television industry. Unreal Engine is written in C++ and features a high degree of portability, supporting a wide range of desktop, mobiles, console, and virtual reality platforms.

The latest generation, Unreal Engine 5, was launched in April 2022. Its source code is available on GitHub, and commercial use is granted based on a royalty model, with Epic charging 5% of revenues over US $1 million, which is waived for games published exclusively on the Epic Games Store. Epic has incorporated features in the engine from acquired companies such as Quixel.
Amani Bledsoe
Amani Elijah Bledsoe (born February 6, 1998) is an American professional football defensive end for the Birmingham Stallions of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football at Oklahoma and was signed by the Tennessee Titans as an undrafted free agent in 2019. He has also played for the Cincinnati Bengals.

United Football League (2024–present)
The United Football League (UFL) is a professional American football spring league in the United States. The league was created following the merger of the latest iterations of the XFL and United States Football League (USFL); it started play in March 2024. It comprises eight teams, five of which were members of the XFL or USFL prior to the UFL's creation, and all concentrated in the Midwest and Southern United States.
Tropical Storm Jose (2005)
Tropical Storm Jose was a short-lived tropical storm which made landfall in central Mexico during August 2005. Jose was the tenth named storm of the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season, and the fourth of six systems (three hurricanes and three tropical storms) to make landfall in Mexico in that year.

Tropical Storm Jose formed in the Bay of Campeche on August 22 and made landfall in the Mexican state of Veracruz the next day. It retained tropical characteristics for less than one day before dissipating, but still brought heavy rainfall to the region. Jose killed 16 people in Mexico, and caused $45 million (2005 USD) in damage.

Bay of Campeche
The Bay of Campeche (Spanish: Bahía de Campeche), or Campeche Sound, is a bight in the southern area of the Gulf of Mexico, forming the north side of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec. It is surrounded on three sides by the Mexican states of Campeche, Tabasco and Veracruz. The area of the bay is 6,000 square miles (16,000 km2) and maximum depth of the bay is approximately 180 feet (55 m). It was named by Francisco Hernández de Córdoba and Antón de Alaminos during their expedition in 1517.
Khozh-Akhmed Bersanov
Khozh-Akhmed Bersanov (Chechen: Берсан КIант Хож-Ахьмад; 12 April 1926 – 22 March 2018) was a Chechen ethnographer and author noted for his efforts to preserve Chechen culture throughout the 20th century. Bersanov served as the head of the Chechen-Ingush Ministry of Culture for nearly forty years, and his prolific writings edified moral responsibility and ethics in Chechen culture.

Chechens
The Chechens (/ˈtʃɛtʃɛnz, tʃəˈtʃɛnz/ CHETCH-enz, chə-CHENZ; Chechen: Нохчий, Noxçiy, Old Chechen: Нахчой, Naxçoy), historically also known as Kisti and Durdzuks, are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group of the Nakh peoples native to the North Caucasus. They are the largest ethnic group in the region and refer to themselves as Nokhchiy (pronounced [no̞xtʃʼiː]; singular Nokhchi, Nokhcho, Nakhchuo or Nakhche). The vast majority of Chechens are Muslims and live in Chechnya, an autonomous republic within the Russian Federation.

The North Caucasus has been invaded numerous times throughout history. Its isolated terrain and the strategic value outsiders have placed on the areas settled by Chechens has contributed much to the Chechen community ethos and helped shape its national character.

Chechen society is largely egalitarian and organized around tribal autonomous local clans, called teips, informally organized into loose confederations called tukkhums.
The Greyhound Limited
The Greyhound Limited is a 1929 part-talkie crime drama and railroad theme film directed by Howard Bretherton and starring Monte Blue. In addition to sequences with audible dialogue or talking sequences, the film features a synchronized musical score and sound effects along with English intertitles. The soundtrack was recorded using the Vitaphone sound-on-disc system. The film was produced and distributed by Warner Bros. Pictures. The film is a follow-up to the 1927 film The Black Diamond Express.

The film survives in the Library of Congress and Wisconsin Center For Film and Theatre Research, Madison Wisconsin. The full soundtrack (except for reels 5, 7 and 8) survives on Vitaphone discs.

Monte Blue
Gerard Montgomery Blue (né Bluefeather; January 11, 1887 – February 18, 1963) was an American film actor who began his career as a romantic lead in the silent era; and for decades after the advent of sound, he continued to perform as a supporting player in a wide range of motion pictures.
Kensington University
Kensington University was an unaccredited distance education institution from 1976 to 2003 that was based at different times in Glendale, California and Oʻahu, Hawaiʻi. In 1996, the California Council for Private Postsecondary and Vocational Education found the institution having "little or no rigor or credible academic standards are necessary in order to be awarded an advanced degree." Kensington University was ordered shut down by the California authorities in 1996 and was again closed by Hawaiʻi court order in 2003.

The state of Texas criminalized the use of Kensington University degrees and considered the behavior as a misdemeanor under the Texas Penal Code.

Misdemeanor
A misdemeanor (American English, spelled misdemeanour elsewhere) is any "lesser" criminal act in some common law legal systems. Misdemeanors are generally punished less severely than more serious felonies, but theoretically more so than administrative infractions (also known as minor, petty, or summary offences) and regulatory offences. Typically, misdemeanors are punished with prison time of no longer than one year, monetary fines, or community service.
Phallus rubicundus
Phallus rubicundus is a species of fungus in the stinkhorn family. First described in 1811, it has a wide distribution in tropical regions. It has the typical stinkhorn structure consisting of a spongy stalk up to 15 cm (5.9 in) tall arising from a gelatinous "egg" up to 3 cm (1.2 in) in diameter. Atop the stalk is a pitted, conical cap that has a foul-smelling, gelatinous, green spore mass spread over it.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
George Psalmanazar
George Psalmanazar (c. 1679 – 3 May 1763) was a Frenchman who claimed to be the first native of Formosa (today Taiwan) to visit Europe. For some years, he convinced many in Britain, but he was eventually revealed to be of European origin. He subsequently became a theological essayist, and a friend and acquaintance of Samuel Johnson and other noted figures in 18th-century literary London.

Constructed language
A constructed language is a language for communication between humans (i.e. not with or between computers) which, unlike most languages that naturally emerge from human interaction, is intentionally devised by a person or group for a particular purpose. The term constructed language is often shortened to conlang and, as a relatively broad term, it encompasses subcategories including: fictional, artificial, engineered, planned and invented languages. Conlangs may include aspects reminiscent of natural language including phonology, grammar, orthography, and vocabulary. Interlinguistics includes the study of constructed languages.
Tiger Mom Blues
Tiger Mom Blues (Chinese: 親親我好媽; pinyin: Qīnqīn wǒ hǎo mā; Jyutping: Can¹can¹ ngo⁵ hou² maa¹; Cantonese Yale: Chānchān ngóh hóu mā) is a 2017 Hong Kong television drama produced by Kwan Wing-chung and TVB. It premiered on TVB Jade in Hong Kong and Astro On Demand in Malaysia on 6 February 2017. The series covers the tiger mother phenomenon, where children are deeply influenced by a strict and autocratic parenting style. The final episode aired on 3 March 2017, totalling 20 episodes. It stars Elena Kong, Ben Wong, Sharon Chan and Michelle Yim.

Michelle Yim
Michelle Yim Wai-ling (Chinese: 嚴惠玲; born September 2, 1955), better known by her stage name Mai Suet (米雪), is a Hong Kong actress and elder sister of former actress Sidney Yim Wai-ming also known by stage name Suet Lei (雪梨). She graduated from St. Rose of Lima's College and Shaw Brothers' Training School.
Muhammad Taqi Amini
Muhammad Taqi Amīni ( 5 May 1926 – 21 January 1991) was an Indian Sunni Islamic scholar, jurist, Urdu author and the dean of Theology faculty of Aligarh Muslim University.  He is known for his works on Islamic jurisprudence, and his book Fiqh Islami ka Tareekhi Pas-e-Manzar is a required reading for master's degree in Islamic studies at the Islamic University of Science & Technology.

Amīni was an alumnus of the Jami’ul Ulum, Kanpur and the Madrasa Aminia. During his career, he taught at Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama and served as the Principal at Darul Uloom Muiniya in Ajmer. He became a Dean Professor in the Theology faculty at Aligarh Muslim University and retired in 1986. He wrote books including Reconstruction of Culture and Islam, Ijtehad Ka Tareekhi Pas-e-Manzar and Ahkam-e-Sharia Mai Halat-o-Zamana Ki Ri'ayat.

Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama
Darul Uloom Nadwatul Ulama is an Islamic seminary in Lucknow, India, founded in 1898 by Nadwatul Ulama under the leadership of Muhammad Ali Mungeri. Its purpose was to produce scholars who could integrate the traditional Islamic learning of Darul Uloom Deoband with the modern educational approach of Aligarh Muslim University. The institution is also known for its emphasis on the Arabic language and its inclusive approach toward intra-Sunni differences.
Boss (The Carters song)
"Boss" is a song recorded by American musical duo The Carters for their debut album Everything Is Love. Recognized by Bustle as "honor[ing] the hard work the couple have put in to everything they touch, ... extend[ing] to raising a family", the song was certified Gold in 2021 by the RIAA for sale of over 500,000 units.

Bustle (magazine)
Bustle is an online American women's magazine founded in August 2013 by Bryan Goldberg. It positions news and politics alongside articles about beauty, celebrities, and fashion trends. By September 2016, the website had 50 million monthly readers.
Maardu Linnameeskond
Maardu Linnameeskond is a football club based in Maardu, Estonia. The team compete in the Esiliiga, the second tier of the Estonian football league system. They adopted their current name in 2016, before being promoted to the Estonian top tier Meistriliiga for the first time in 2019. They were relegated the following season and played in Esiliiga for the next two seasons. After winning 2021 Esiliiga they should have been promoted to Meistriliiga, but due to financial reasons they waived the opportunity and were relegated to II liiga, taking their reserve squad's place.

Esiliiga
The Esiliiga is the second division in the Estonian football league system. The Esiliiga is ranked below the Meistriliiga and above the Esiliiga B.

As in most countries with low temperatures in winter time, the season starts in March and ends in November. The league features several reserve teams of Meistriliiga clubs. According to the rules set by the Estonian Football Association, reserve teams are ineligible for promotion to the Meistriliiga, but can play in the Estonian Cup.
Gates, Oregon
Gates is a city on the border of Linn and Marion counties in Oregon, United States. The population was 548 at the 2020 census. The greater part of Gates' population is in Marion County, and the city is primarily under Marion County's jurisdiction.

The Marion County portion of Gates is part of the Salem Metropolitan Statistical Area, while the Linn County portion is part of the Albany–Lebanon Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Lebanon, Oregon
Lebanon (/ˈlɛbənən/ LEB-ən-ən) is a city in Linn County, Oregon, United States. Lebanon is located in northwest Oregon, southeast of Salem. The population was 19,690 at the 2020 census. Lebanon sits beside the South Santiam River on the eastern edge of the Willamette Valley, close to the Cascade Range and a 25-minute drive to either of the larger cities of Corvallis and Albany. Lebanon is known for its foot-and-bike trails and its small-town character.
Effect of Hurricane Katrina on Tulane University
As a result of Hurricane Katrina and its effects on New Orleans, Tulane University was closed for the second time in its history—the first being during the American Civil War. The university closed for four months during Katrina, as compared to four years during the Civil War.

The School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine's distance learning programs and courses stayed active, despite the storm displacing about 100,000 students. Many degree programs were cut, most notably in the engineering field.

Prior to Katrina, Tulane University was the largest private employer in the city of New Orleans; immediately afterward it became the city's single largest employer of any type, public or private.

Also as a result of Katrina's impact, the football team was forced to play its entire season on the road due to Katrina's extensive damage to the Superdome. The university reopened on January 17, 2006.

Effect of Hurricane Katrina on the Louisiana Superdome
The Louisiana Superdome was used as a "shelter of last resort" for those in New Orleans unable to evacuate from the city when Hurricane Katrina struck on August 29, 2005. Around 10,000 residents would end up sheltered in the stadium in advance of the hurricane's landfall. However, when the stadium was partially damaged during the hurricane's landfall (amidst a general lack of supplies), around 6 evacuees would lose their lives. After the storm, local and national authorities would be criticized for the limited provisions allocated for the evacuation, as well as the subsequent response. The stadium would remain closed after the storm and would not resume hosting events until late 2006, when the New Orleans Saints returned to the Superdome for the 2006 NFL season.
WLKN
WLKN (98.1 FM, "Lake 98.1") is a radio station licensed to Cleveland, Wisconsin with an adult contemporary format consisting mainly of music from the 1980s until the current day, serving the lakeshore cities of Sheboygan and Manitowoc/Two Rivers, Wisconsin, along with Manitowoc and Sheboygan Counties in general. The station's studio is located in Manitowoc, and the station is owned by Seehafer Broadcasting. The station's transmitter is located north of Cleveland, in the Town of Newton.

The station has some interference within Manitowoc and Two Rivers proper with two stations on adjacent frequencies from Green Bay, WTAQ-FM (97.7) and WQLH (98.5). Because of this, WLKN simulcasts using an FM translator station, W278BQ, at 103.5 FM to serve those cities from the WOMT transmitter site. That translator is separately owned by Magnum Media, which has entered into several sales to Seehafer Broadcasting in the 2020s.

Two Rivers, Wisconsin
Two Rivers is a city in Manitowoc County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 11,271 at the 2020 census. It claims to be the birthplace of the ice cream sundae (though other cities, such as Ithaca, New York, make the same claim). The city's advertising slogan is "Catch our friendly waves" as it is located along Lake Michigan.
William T. R. Fox
William Thornton Rickert Fox (January 12, 1912 – October 24, 1988), generally known as William T. R. Fox (or occasionally W. T. R. Fox), was an American foreign policy professor and international relations theoretician at the Columbia University (1950–1980, emeritus 1980–1988). He is perhaps mostly known as the coiner of the term "superpower" in 1944. He wrote several books about the foreign policy of the United States of America and the United Kingdom (and the British Empire). He was a pioneer in establishing international relations, and the systematic study of statecraft and war, as a major academic discipline. National security policy and an examination of civil-military relations were also focuses of his interests and career. He was the founding director of Columbia's Institute of War and Peace Studies and held the position from 1951–1976.

David Truman
David Bicknell Truman (June 1, 1913 – August 28, 2003) was an American academic who served as the 14th president of Mount Holyoke College from 1969–1978. He is also known for his role as a Columbia University administrator during the Columbia University protests of 1968. Truman was an elected member of both the American Philosophical Society and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences.
2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League
The 2023–24 CONCACAF Nations League was the third season of the CONCACAF Nations League, an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of the 41 member associations of CONCACAF. The group stage was held in September, October, and November 2023, and the Finals were played from 21 to 24 March 2024 at AT&T Stadium in Arlington, Texas.

The competition saw a format change, with League A now featuring sixteen teams and a quarter-final round. In addition, the Nations League also served as qualification for CONCACAF teams for the 2024 Copa América, which was held between June and July of that year in the United States.

The United States were the two-time defending champions and successfully defended their title in the final.

2022–23 CONCACAF Nations League
The 2022–23 CONCACAF Nations League was the second season of the CONCACAF Nations League, an international association football competition involving the men's national teams of the 41 member associations of CONCACAF. The group phase of the tournament started on 2 June 2022, and the Finals, which decided the champions, was played from 15 to 18 June 2023 at Allegiant Stadium in Paradise, Nevada, United States. The Nations League also served as a qualifier for the 2023 CONCACAF Gold Cup.

The United States were the defending champions, and successfully retained their title after defeating Canada 2–0 in the final.