hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Albert helmet
The Albert helmet is a type of dragoon helmet introduced by the British military in the 19th century. The helmet was developed by Prince Albert of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha in 1842, and was first introduced for service with the Household Cavalry in 1843. The helmet was introduced to other heavy cavalry units in the British Empire in 1847.

In the 20th and 21st centuries, the helmet has persisted as a type of full dress headgear used by several British and Canadian cavalry regiments. This includes the Blues and Royals and the Life Guards of the British Household Cavalry, and the Royal Canadian Dragoons, Lord Strathcona’s Horse, and Governor General's Horse Guards of the Royal Canadian Armoured Corps.

Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians)
Lord Strathcona's Horse (Royal Canadians) (LdSH(RC)) is a regular armoured regiment of the Canadian Army. Currently based in Edmonton, Alberta, the regiment is part of 3rd Canadian Division's 1 Canadian Mechanized Brigade Group. Members of the regiment are commonly called Strathconas or Strats as a short form. It was one of the last regiments in the British Empire to be created and raised by a private individual, Donald Alexander Smith, 1st Baron Strathcona and Mount Royal.

The regimental motto is "Perseverance". The colonel-in-chief of the regiment is King Charles III, while the colonel of the regiment is Colonel(Ret’d) Jamie Cade. The current commanding officer is Lieutenant-Colonel A. Nitu, and the regimental sergeant major is Chief Warrant Officer N. Mills.
Mount Mathias
Mount Mathias is a 7,156-foot (2,181-metre) mountain summit located within Olympic National Park in Jefferson County of Washington state. Its nearest higher neighbor is Mount Olympus, 1.76 mi (2.83 km) to the east. Mount Mathias is wedged between the massive Blue Glacier below its west slope, and the Hoh Glacier on the east side. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into the Hoh River.

Mount Olympus (Washington)
Mount Olympus, at 7,980 feet (2,430 m), is the tallest and most prominent mountain in the Olympic Mountains of the U.S. state of Washington. Located on the Olympic Peninsula, it is also a central feature of Olympic National Park. Mount Olympus is the highest summit of the Olympic Mountains; however, peaks such as Mount Constance and The Brothers, on the eastern margin of the range, are better known, being visible from the Seattle metropolitan area.
Federico Rampini
Federico Rampini (born 25 March 1956) is an Italian journalist, writer, and lecturer who holds both Italian and American citizenship. He served as deputy editor of Il Sole 24 Ore, and has worked as chief foreign correspondent for La Repubblica since 1997. He has been residing in the United States since 2000. He is the 2019 recipient of the Ernest Hemingway Prize.

Il Sole 24 Ore
Il Sole 24 Ore (Italian: [il ˈsoːle ˌventiˈkwattro ˈoːre]; English: "The Sun 24 Hours") is the Italian financial newspaper of record, owned by Confindustria, the Italian employers' federation. Il Sole 24 Ore is the leading financial daily in Italy.
Reception of the Book of Enoch in premodernity
The Book of Enoch (also known as 1 Enoch), is an ancient Jewish religious work, ascribed by tradition and internal attestation to Enoch, the great-grandfather of Noah. 1 Enoch holds material unique to it, such as the origins of supernatural demons and giants, why some angels fell from heaven, details explaining why the Great Flood was morally necessary, and an introduction of the thousand-year reign of the Messiah. The unique material makes it possible to identify which ancient literary works adopt 1 Enoch as a source. Well known in antiquity, the book was received by various authors with respect, and sometimes considered as divinely inspired.

Aramaic Enoch Scroll
The Aramaic Enoch Scroll is a non-published, complete copy of the Book of Enoch which is rumored to be in possession of private investors.

There is no proof of its existence, but according to the former chief editor of the official Dead Sea Scrolls editorial team, John Strugnell (1930 - 2007), the scroll is well preserved, and microfilmed. Strugnell said that he was shown the microfilm in 1990, during the Kuwait crisis, but he was never able to buy it for the editorial team.
Somnus (horse)
Somnus is a retired British champion Thoroughbred racehorse. One of the best European two-year-olds in 2002, he developed into a leading sprinter the following year when he won the Group One Haydock Sprint Cup. As a four-year-old he won two more Group One races in France- the Prix Maurice de Gheest (2004) and the Prix de la Forêt- and was named European Champion Sprinter at the Cartier Racing Awards. He continued racing until being retired in 2008 at the age of eight, having won ten of his forty-three races. Unlike many sprinters, Somnus was not a pure "speed horse" and ran only once, unsuccessfully, at five furlongs: all his victories came over six or seven furlongs.

Prix Maurice de Gheest
The Prix Maurice de Gheest is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged three years or older. It is run at Deauville over a distance of 1,300 metres (about 6½ furlongs), and it is scheduled to take place each year in August.
Michael Marquart
Michael Marquart (also known as Mike Marquart) is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and producer, and founder of the musical project A Bad Think. He founded Windmark Recording recording studios in Virginia Beach and Santa Monica. Marquart's studios have recorded many notable musical artists, including Coldplay, Jeezy, J. Cole, YG, Justin Timberlake, Pharrell, Kanye West, and Kendrick Lamar. In 2021, Marquart sold Windmark Recording to Joie Manda.

As a record producer, Marquart has worked closely with many well-known musicians and producers, including Teddy Riley and The Neptunes (an R&B duo consisting of Chad Hugo and Pharrell Williams). His albums have featured many notable musicians, including Jeremy Stacey, Victor Indrizzo, Fernando Perdomo,  Paul Bryan, Greg Leisz, Durga McBroom, and John Philip Shenale.

Chad Hugo
Charles Edward Hugo (born February 24, 1974) is an American record producer. He was one half of the production duo the Neptunes, which he formed alongside Pharrell Williams in 1992. His production work with the duo has been credited on three decades of pop, contemporary R&B, and hip-hop releases. He was also a member of the band N.E.R.D., alongside Williams and Shay Haley, and co-founded the record label Star Trak Entertainment with Williams in 2001. In contrast to Williams, Hugo does not perform vocals on records.
Jadwiga Szamotulska
Jadwiga Szamotulska (28 May 1911 – 14 November 1981) was a Polish pianist, pedagogue, translator of art-song lyrics and librettos, university instructor at the Academy of Music in Kraków (then called Państwowa Wyższa Szkoła Muzyczna) in Kraków, performing artist with the National Philharmonic in Warsaw (Filharmonia Narodowa) in Warsaw, and voice coach for the soloists of the Grand Theatre, Warsaw (Teatr Wielki).

Szamotulska recorded for many years with violinist Wanda Wiłkomirska for the Polskie Nagrania record label, notably the music of Poland's leading classical composers Henryk Wieniawski, Karol Szymanowski and Grażyna Bacewicz.

Polskie Nagrania Muza
Polskie Nagrania "Muza" ("Polish Records 'Muse' ", official name since 2005: "Polskie Nagrania Sp. z o.o", i.e., Polskie Nagrania Ltd.) is a Polish record label based in Warsaw. It has produced records in many genres including pop, rock, jazz, folklore, classical, children. Until its purchase by Warner Music Poland in 2015, for €1.9 million, the label was owned by the Polish government.

The label was established in 1956 after the merger of the vinyl record factory Muza and the record house Polskie Nagrania (with the history of the latter traced to the Interbellum times). It also produced musical literature. In addition to its own vinyl record factory, it also used the factories of Pronit and Veriton.
National Highway 340 (India)
National Highway 340 (NH 340) is a National Highway in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh & Karnataka. It was formed as a new highway by up-grading former state highway of the state. It starts at Kadapa and Bangalore .

Kadapa
Kadapa is a city in the southern part of Andhra Pradesh, India. It is located in the Rayalaseema region, and is the district headquarters of YSR Kadapa district. It is located 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) south of the Penna River. The city is surrounded on three sides by the Nallamala and Palkonda Hills lying on the tectonic landscape between the Eastern and Western ghats. Black and red ferrous soils occupy the region. The city is nicknamed "Gadapa" ('threshold') since it is the gateway from the west to the hills of Tirumala.

Kadapa has been under different rulers in its history, including the Cholas, the Vijayanagara Empire and the Kingdom of Mysore.
Jain Bunt
The Jain Bunt are the Jains of Bunt caste from Tulunaad area of India. They have a feudal and martial race heritages, because of ties to the erstwhile royalty of the area.  They are classified as Other Backward Class (OBC) by the Government of Karnataka.

Bunt (community)
The Bunt (/ˈbʌnt/, Tulu: [bɐɳʈɐɾɯ]) people are an ethnic tuluva community who historically have inhabited the Tulu Nadu region  in South India. The Bunts were traditionally a warrior-class or martial caste community, with agrarian origins, forming the landed gentry of the region. They are the dominant land-owning, farming and banking community of Tulu Nadu and speak Tulu and Kundagannada as their mother tongue. Today, the Bunts are a largely urbanised community, with a population size of less than one million worldwide.
Marie Cosindas
Marie Cosindas (September 22, 1923 – May 25, 2017) was an American photographer. She was best known for her evocative still lifes and color portraits. Her use of color photography in her work distinguished her from other photographers in the 1960s and 1970s. Most of her photographs were  portraits and pictures of objects like dolls, flowers, and masks.

In 1962, Ansel Adams recommended Cosindas to Polaroid for their artist trial of their new instant-developing color film. She was the fifth woman, and only the second photographer working in color, to have a show at the Museum of Modern Art in New York, in 1966.

Paul Caponigro
Paul John Jerome Caponigro (December 7, 1932 – November 10, 2024) was an American photographer, writer and pianist. His best known photographs are Running White Deer and Galaxy Apple. His subject matter includes landscape and still life, taking an interest in natural forms. He was best known for his landscape works and for the mystical and spiritual qualities of his work.

In 2001, Caponigro was awarded the Royal Photographic Society's Centenary Medal and Honorary Fellowship (HonFRPS) in recognition of a sustained, significant contribution to the art of photography. His work is held in the collections of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Museum of Modern Art, and San Francisco Museum of Modern Art.
Hans Grassmann
Hans Grassmann (Bamberg, 21 May 1960) is a German physicist, writer and entrepreneur, who teaches and works in Italy. Grassmann is the author of four books and more than 250 scientific publications, and is the founder and managing director of the research company Isomorph srl.

His main contributions to physics include the development of a (Tl) calorimeter with a photodiode; developing the analysis of asymmetry in the production of the W particle; a contribution to the discovery of the top quark, the development of a physics theory of information; the design and development of a wind turbine with an external duct; and the realization of the linear mirror for the concentration of solar energy. Grassmann has worked in Italy since 1988.

Photodiode
A photodiode is a semiconductor diode sensitive to photon radiation, such as visible light, infrared or ultraviolet radiation, X-rays and gamma rays. It produces an electrical current when it absorbs photons. This can be used for detection and measurement applications, or for the generation of electrical power in solar cells. Photodiodes are used in a wide range of applications throughout the electromagnetic spectrum from visible light photocells to gamma ray spectrometers.
Soe Thiha
Soe Thiha, also known as Maung Tuu (Burmese: စိုးသီဟ; born 1 January 1974), is a Burmese politician who currently serves as an Amyotha Hluttaw MP for Mon State No. 10 constituency. He is a member of the National League for Democracy.

Amyotha Hluttaw
The Amyotha Hluttaw (Burmese: အမျိုးသားလွှတ်တော်, IPA: [ʔəmjóðá l̥ʊʔtɔ̀]; lit. 'National Assembly') is one of the de jure houses of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw, the bicameral legislature of Myanmar (Burma). It consists of 224 members, of which 168 are directly elected and 56 appointed by the Myanmar Armed Forces. The last elections to the Amyotha Hluttaw were held in November 2015. At its second meeting on 3 February 2016, Mahn Win Khaing Than and Aye Thar Aung were elected Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Amyotha Hluttaw and Speaker and Deputy Speaker of the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw as a whole. There is no upper house and lower house in Pyidaungsu Hluttaw as both Pyithu Hluttaw and Amyotha Hluttaw enjoy equal status as per the constitution.

After the coup d'état on 1 February 2021, the Pyidaungsu Hluttaw was dissolved by Acting President Myint Swe, who declared a one-year state of emergency and transferred all legislative powers to Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services Min Aung Hlaing.
Battle of Babylon (634)
Battle of Babylon was a military engagement fought on 13 May 634 CE between forces of the Rashidun Caliphate and the Sasanian Empire during the early stages of the Muslim conquest of Persia. The battle took place near the ancient city of Babylon in Lower Mesopotamia and resulted in a Rashidun victory under the command of Al-Muthanna ibn Haritha.

Muslim conquest of Persia
The Muslim conquest of Persia or Arab conquest of Iran occurred between 633 and 651, when the Rashidun Caliphate conquered the Sasanian Empire as part of the early Muslim conquests, which began under Muhammad in 622.
Hiranandani Foundation Schools
Hiranandani Foundation Schools are a group of schools founded by Lakhumal Hiranand Hiranandani for use by the residents of the housing complexes built by Hiranandani. Both are ICSE schools having classes from nursery to tenth grade. The group was established in 1990.

Hiranandani Foundation School, Powai
19°06′47″N 72°54′09″E﻿ / ﻿19.1130674°N 72.9024699°E﻿ / 19.1130674; 72.9024699
Hiranandani Foundation School is situated in Powai, Mumbai. The school pursues the IB, IGSCE board as well as ICSE and ISC. It is an English medium school. But Hindi and Marathi is also taught.
2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes
The 2010 Nagorno-Karabakh clashes were a series of exchanges of gunfire that took place on February 18 on the line of contact dividing Azerbaijani and the Karabakh Armenian military forces. Azerbaijan accused the Armenian forces of firing on the Azerbaijani positions near Tap Qaraqoyunlu, Qızıloba, Qapanlı, Yusifcanlı and Cavahirli villages, as well as in uplands of Agdam Rayon with small arms fire including snipers. As a result, three Azerbaijani soldiers were killed and one wounded.

The engagement became the second deadliest ceasefire violation since 1994, after the 2008 Mardakert clashes.

Aghdam District
39°59′01″N 46°55′43″E﻿ / ﻿39.98361°N 46.92861°E﻿ / 39.98361; 46.92861

Aghdam District (Azerbaijani: Ağdam rayonu) is one of the 66 administrative divisions of Azerbaijan. It is located in the west of the country and belongs to the Karabakh Economic Region. The district borders the districts of Khojaly, Kalbajar, Tartar, Khojavend, Aghjabadi, and Barda. Its capital is Aghdam. As of 2020, the district had a nominal population of 204,000.

Most of the territory of the district was under the occupation of Armenian forces following the First Nagorno-Karabakh War in the early 1990s. However, as part of the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh ceasefire agreement which ended the 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh War, the city of Aghdam and the surrounding district were returned to Azerbaijani control on 20 November 2020. Prior to the city's return to Azerbaijani control, the de facto capital of the district was Quzanlı.
Xizhou, Dali
Xizhou (Chinese: 喜洲) is a town located 20 km (12 mi) north of Dali Old Town in Dali City, part of the Dali Bai Autonomous Prefecture in northwestern Yunnan, China. The town consists of 13 small villages with a combined population estimated at 54,779, mostly consisting of Bai people with a small population of Hui and Han residents. Xizhou is located about 1 km (0.62 mi) from the shores of Erhai Lake to the east, and 2 km (1.2 mi) to the Cang Mountain to the west. Xizhou has been historically important as a trading post along the Tea Horse Road, it was once home to a landing strip and radio station for the Flying Tigers during WWII, has been home to notable rulers and governors of local polities past and present, and has gained notoriety in modernity for its high concentration of preserved and restored traditional Bai architecture and protected heritage sites.

Tea Horse Road
The Tea Horse Road or Chamadao (simplified Chinese: 茶马道; traditional Chinese: 茶馬道), now generally referred to as the Ancient Tea Horse Road or Chamagudao (simplified Chinese: 茶马古道; traditional Chinese: 茶馬古道) was a network of caravan paths winding through the mountains of Sichuan, Yunnan and Tibet in Southwest China. This was also a tea trade route. It is also sometimes referred to as the "Southern Silk Road" or "Southwest Silk Road."

There are numerous surviving archaeological and monumental elements, including trails, bridges, way stations, market towns, palaces, staging posts, shrines and temples along the route.

"Ancient Tea Horse Road" is a historical concept with a specific meaning. It refers to a major traffic road formed by the exchange of tea and horses between Han and Tibet from the Tang and Song Dynasties to the Republic of China.
The Voyagers: Being Legends and Romances of Atlantic Discovery
The Voyagers: Being Legends and Romances of Atlantic Discovery is a 1925 children's book written by Padraic Colum and illustrated by Wilfred Jones. It is a collection of legendary and historical stories about Atlantic exploration, from the story of Atlantis to the naming of America. The titular voyagers are Maelduin, Saint Brendan, the children of Eric the Red, Christopher Columbus, Ponce de Leon, colonists of Virginia, and Amerigo Vespucci. Their stories are told within a framing sequence of Henry the Navigator's interest in exploration.

The book was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1926, Colum's second honor after The Golden Fleece and the Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles in 1922.

The Golden Fleece and the Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles
The Golden Fleece and the Heroes Who Lived Before Achilles is a children's book by Padraic Colum, a retelling of Greek myths. The book, illustrated by Willy Pogany, was first published in 1921 and was a Newbery Honor recipient in 1922.
The central myth retold is that of Jason and the Argonauts in their quest for the Golden Fleece and the aftermath. Woven into it are other myths, including the myths of Persephone and Prometheus, told by the poet Orpheus during the voyage.
Julian Morris
Julian David Morris (born 13 January 1983) is an English actor. After appearing in the British television series The Knock (1996) and Fish (2000) during his teenage years, he had his first starring role in the American slasher film Cry Wolf (2005). He subsequently had supporting roles in the thriller Donkey Punch (2008), the historical drama Valkyrie (2008), and another slasher film Sorority Row (2009).

Morris has also appeared in American television as a series regular on Pretty Little Liars and Hand of God, and had recurring roles on Once Upon a Time and New Girl.

Sorority Row
Sorority Row is a 2009 American slasher film directed by Stewart Hendler and written by Josh Stolberg and Pete Goldfinger. It is a remake of the 1982 film The House on Sorority Row, and stars Briana Evigan, Leah Pipes, Rumer Willis, Jamie Chung, Margo Harshman, Audrina Patridge, and Carrie Fisher. The film follows a group of sorority sisters who cover up the accidental death of a fellow sister after a prank goes horribly wrong; eight months later, a masked killer begins stalking and murdering the girls on the night of their graduation for their role in the cover up.

Sorority Row was theatrically released in the United States on September 11, 2009, by Summit Entertainment. The film received negative reviews from critics, although the performances of the cast were praised, and grossed $27.2 million worldwide on a budget of $12.5 million.
Maple Leaf (GTW train)
The Maple Leaf was a passenger train pool operated by the Canadian National and the Grand Trunk Western Railroad ("Grand Trunk") between Chicago, Illinois and Toronto, Ontario. It operated from 1927 to 1971. The train took its name from the maple leaf, the national symbol of Canada. The Maple Leaf was one of many trains discontinued when Amtrak began operations in 1971, and is unrelated to the Maple Leaf which Amtrak now operates between Toronto and New York City. The train operated on Canadian National railroad territory through Ontario, but west of Lake Huron it operated via Grand Trunk Railroad.

Maple Leaf (train)
The Maple Leaf is an international passenger train service operated by Amtrak and Via Rail between New York Penn Station in New York City and Union Station in Toronto via Amtrak's Empire Corridor, and the south western part of Via Rail's Quebec City–Windsor Corridor.  Daily service is offered in both directions; the 544-mile (875 km) trip takes approximately 12 hours, including two hours for U.S. or Canadian customs and immigration inspection at either Niagara Falls, New York, or Niagara Falls, Ontario. Although the train uses Amtrak rolling stock exclusively, the train is operated by Via Rail crews while in Canada and by Amtrak crews in the United States. Service began in 1981.
Kiccha
Kiccha is a 2003 Kannada-language political action drama film directed by P. A. Arun Prasad featuring Sudeep and Shweta Agarwal in the lead roles.The film featured an original score soundtrack and lyrics was composed by Hamsalekha. The film was released on 11 April 2003.

Hamsalekha
Gangaraju (born June 23, 1951), professionally known as Hamsalekha, is an Indian film composer and songwriter who works in South Indian cinema, predominantly in the Kannada film industry since the late 1980s. He is also a screenplay writer, dialogue writer, instrumentalist and conductor, having composed and written over 500 albums.

Hamsalekha has won one National Film Award, six Filmfare Awards in the Best Music Director Category, seven Karnataka State Film Awards - four for music direction and three for lyrics - and is a recipient of an honorary doctorate from Bangalore University. His collaboration with V. Ravichandran resulted in producing blockbuster soundtracks in mainstream Kannada cinema.
Svatopluk Turek
Svatopluk Turek (25 October 1900 in Hodslavice – 30 December 1972 in Zlín) was a Czech novelist, known under the pen name T. Svatopluk.

After studying art at the university, he worked as graphic designer for the Bata shoe company in Zlín.
He is best known for his book Botostroj (The Shoe Machine), in which he depicted the company as an inhuman mechanism destroying the lives of people and its boss Tomáš Baťa as a dictator. The novel is written in very fast, expressive language.

The family of Tomáš Baťa sued for defamation and tried in various ways to stop publication of the book.

Zlín
Zlín (in 1949–1989 Gottwaldov; Czech pronunciation: [zliːn]; German: Zlin) is a city in the Czech Republic. It has about 75,000 inhabitants. It is the seat of the Zlín Region and it lies on the Dřevnice River. It is known as an industrial centre. The development of the modern city is closely connected to the Bata Shoes company and its social scheme, developed after World War I. A large part of Zlín is urbanistically and architecturally valuable and is protected as an urban monument zone.