hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Gawok
The Battle of Gawok took place on 15 October 1826 during the Java War between rebels under Prince Diponegoro and the Dutch colonial army. The battle took place near the village of Gawok, west of the city of Surakarta. Diponegoro's army, which had previously defeated Dutch columns on its march from Yogyakarta, intended to attack the Dutch military headquarters at Surakarta. The rebels were soundly defeated, which lost them their numerical superiority and therefore turned the tide of the war. After the battle, the rebels shifted to a guerrilla warfare strategy.

Surakarta
Surakarta (Javanese: ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ, Pegon: سوراكارتا), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese: ꦱꦭ; Sålå), is a major city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 46.72 km2 (18.04 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and west, and Sukoharjo Regency to the south. On the eastern side of Solo lies Solo River (Bengawan Solo). Its metropolitan area, consisting of Surakarta City and the surrounding six regencies ("Greater Solo Area", formerly Special Region of Surakarta), was home to 6,837,753 inhabitants according to the official estimates for mid 2023, 526,870 of whom reside in the city proper.

Surakarta is the birthplace of the President of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024, Joko Widodo, as well as his son and current Vice President of Indonesia, Gibran Rakabuming Raka. The former served as Mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012, as did the latter from 2021 to 2024.
Vakathanam
Vakathanam is a Panchayat in  Kottayam district of Kerala, India.  It is 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) from Kottayam on the way to Changanassery via Puthupally.  Vakathanam panchayat consists of  two villages: Vakathanam and Thottakkad.

Puthuppally, Kottayam
Puthuppally is a town in the Kottayam district of Kerala, India. The community is known for its ancient Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church, Puthuppally Palli.

The town hosts the campus of Rubber Board, the biggest central government organization in the district.  The town is also home to the Institute of Human Resources Development campus as well as MG University paramedical campuses. Puthuppally is the hometown of former Chief Minister of Kerala Oommen Chandy.
2021 New York City Comptroller election
The 2021 New York City Comptroller election consisted of Democratic and Republican primaries for New York City Comptroller on June 22, 2021, followed by a general election on November 2, 2021. The primaries were the first NYC Comptroller election primaries to use ranked-choice voting. The primary and general election were held alongside concurrent primaries and elections for mayor, Public Advocate, Borough Presidents, and City Council.

Incumbent New York City Comptroller Scott Stringer was barred from running for a third term by term limits, and ran for mayor. The Democratic candidate, City Council Member Brad Lander won the general election over the Republican candidate Daby Benjaminé Carreras. Lander took office as the 45th NYC Comptroller on January 1, 2022.

2021 New York City Public Advocate election
The 2021 New York City Public Advocate election was held on November 2, 2021. The incumbent, Jumaane Williams, was re-elected. Williams defeated Dr. Devi Nampiaparampil, a physician running on the Republican party line in the general election.
Metalogic
Metalogic is the metatheory of logic. Whereas logic studies how logical systems can be used to construct valid and sound arguments, metalogic studies the properties of logical systems. Logic concerns the truths that may be derived using a logical system; metalogic concerns the truths that may be derived about the languages and systems that are used to express truths.

The basic objects of metalogical study are formal languages, formal systems, and their interpretations. The study of interpretation of formal systems is the branch of mathematical logic  that is known as model theory, and the study of deductive systems is the branch that is known as proof theory.

Well-formed formula
In mathematical logic, propositional logic, and predicate logic, a well-formed formula, abbreviated WFF or wff, often simply formula, is a finite sequence of symbols from a given alphabet, constructed following the defined grammar of a formal language.

The abbreviation wff is pronounced "woof", or sometimes "wiff", "weff", or "whiff".

A formal language can be identified with the set of formulas in the language. A formula is a syntactic object that can be given a semantic meaning by means of an interpretation. Two key uses of formulas are in propositional logic and predicate logic.
Jane Reece
Jane B. Reece is an American scientist and textbook author. Along with American biologist Neil Campbell, she wrote the widely used Campbell/Reece Biology textbooks. Following Campbell's death in 2004, she collaborated with American biologist Lisa Urry to update subsequent editions. The textbook is widely acclaimed and is used in 90 percent of AP Biology classes and 60 percent of introductory college biology courses. The textbook has been used by over 14 million students and has been translated into over 20 languages.

Lisa Urry
Lisa A. Urry is an American scientist and textbook author. She is best known as the lead author of the widely used textbook Campbell Biology. The title is popular worldwide and has been used by over 700,000 students in both high school and college-level classes. She has played a significant role in the continued development and success of this influential textbook since joining the author team of Campbell Biology.
South African Medical Association
The South African Medical Association (SAMA) is a non-statutory, professional association for public- and private-sector medical practitioners in South Africa. Registered as a nonprofit organization, it acts as a trade union for its public-sector members. It is affiliated with the Congress of South African Trade Unions.

Membership is voluntary, with some 70% of doctors in South Africa currently registered as members. The head office is situated in Pretoria.

Congress of South African Trade Unions
The Congress of South African Trade Unions (COSATU or Cosatu) is a trade union federation in South Africa. It was founded in 1985 and is the largest of the country's three main trade union federations, with 21 affiliated trade unions.
Peter Reder
Peter Reder (born London, 1960) is a British artist working in theatre, performance and installation. Much of his work has been concerned with history and memory, most notably the City of Dreams project and a series of site-based, promenade pieces in various museums, galleries and historic buildings in the UK and elsewhere. His work has been seen at the Brighton Festival, Battersea Arts Centre, Traverse Theatre, Somerset House and elsewhere in the UK, and internationally at Tretyakov Gallery, Moscow, Colliseum, Bucharest, Gammage Auditorium, Arizona, National Museum of Singapore, Carnegie Museum, Pittsburgh, La Laboral, Spain, Vancouver Art Gallery and at Magnetic North Theatre Festival, Ottawa. His work was included in the British Council Showcase in Edinburgh in 2005.

Reder studied music in London and Manchester before studying drama in Paris. He has an MA (hons) in Cultural Memory from the Institute of Germanic and Romance Studies, University of London.

Traverse Theatre
The Traverse Theatre is a theatre in Edinburgh, Scotland. It was founded as The Traverse Theatre Club in 1962 by John Calder, John Malcolm, Jim Haynes, Richard Demarco, Terry Lane, Andrew Muir, John Martin and Sheila Colvin.

The Traverse Theatre company commissions and develops new plays or adaptations from contemporary playwrights, often describing itself as "Scotland’s new writing theatre".

The Traverse also presents productions from visiting companies and acts as a host venue for Edinburgh Festival Fringe shows in August. It is also the home of 'Imaginate' the Edinburgh International Children's Festival.
2015 World Men's Handball Championship – European qualification
The European qualification for the 2015 World Men's Handball Championship, in Qatar, was disputed in two rounds among the teams that did not qualify for the 2014 European Men's Handball Championship and the 12 teams that placed outside of the European Championship's top three (excluding Spain, which were qualified automatically for the World Championship as holders).

In the first round of qualification, 20 teams not participating at the European Championship were split into five groups; the group winners advanced to the second round, joining the 12 European finalists and Germany, which was given a bye to this round. These 18 teams then were paired to play a two-legged playoff tie to determine the nine remaining World Championship qualifiers from Europe.

2015 World Men's Handball Championship
The 2015 World Men's Handball Championship was the 24th staging of the World Men's Handball Championship, organised by the International Handball Federation (IHF). The final tournament was held for the first time in Qatar, from 15 January to 1 February 2015. The Qatari bid was selected over those of Norway, Poland and France after a vote by the IHF Council on 27 January 2011, in Malmö, Sweden. 
This was the third time that the World Championship was hosted in the Middle East And North Africa, after Egypt in 1999 and Tunisia in 2005.

France won the final against Qatar 25–22 to win their fifth title, a first in handball history while Qatar won their first ever medal.
Poland captured the bronze medal by defeating Spain 29–28 after extra time. Denmark secured the fifth place by winning against Croatia which finished sixth and thus had the worst result in the past 13 years of international handball competing.

The competition was marred by numerous controversies throughout.
Linda Goupil
Linda Goupil (born May 13, 1961 in Saint-Léon-de-Standon, Quebec) is a former Canadian politician, who represented the electoral district of Lévis in the National Assembly of Quebec from 1998 to 2003. First elected in the 1998 provincial election, she sat as a member of the Parti Québécois caucus, and served in the Executive Council of Quebec as Minister of Justice from 1998 to 2001.

She was defeated by Carole Théberge of the Quebec Liberal Party in the 2003 election. She ran again in the 2007 election, in which she and Théberge were both defeated by Christian Lévesque of the Action démocratique du Québec.

Goupil ran in the 2014 provincial election in the neighbouring district of Bellechasse, but was not reelected to the legislature.

Carole Théberge
Carole Théberge (born December 14, 1953) is a marketing professional and former political figure in Quebec. She represented Lévis in the Quebec National Assembly as a Liberal from 2003 to 2007.

She was born in Saint-Philémon, Quebec, the daughter of Alcide Théberge and Alma Roy, and was educated at the Cégep Lévis-Lauzon. Théberge worked in the field of marketing and public relations and also served on the board of directors for the Carnaval de Québec. She was a member of the city council for Lac-Saint-Joseph from 1998 to 2002. Théberge served in the Quebec cabinet as Minister for Family Welfare and as Ministry of Families, Seniors and the Status of Women. She was defeated when she ran for reelection in 2007. After leaving politics, she was administrator for Boîte à sciences and a member of the Centre hospitalier universitaire de Québec foundation.
Jamaica coalition (politics)
Jamaica coalition (German: Jamaika-Koalition; also known as the Jamaica alliance, Jamaica traffic light, black traffic light or Schwampel) is a term in German politics describing a governing coalition among the parties of the Christian Democratic Union/Christian Social Union (CDU/CSU), Free Democratic Party (FDP), and the Green Party.

The term comes from the fact that the symbolic colors of the parties in such a coalition—black for the conservative CDU/CSU, yellow for the liberal FDP, and green for the Green Party—resemble the color scheme of the flag of Jamaica.

German governing coalition
In Germany's federal electoral system, a single party or parliamentary group rarely wins an absolute majority of seats in the Bundestag, and thus coalition governments, rather than single-party governments, are the usually expected outcome of a German election. As German political parties are often associated with particular colors, coalitions are frequently given nicknames based on the colors included. Prominent political parties in Germany are the CDU/CSU (black), the SPD (red), the Greens (green), the Left (red, or alternatively magenta to distinguish from the SPD), the AfD (blue), and the FDP (yellow).
2023 Austin FC season
The 2023 Austin FC season was the club's third season in Major League Soccer, the top flight of soccer in the United States. They played in the league's Western Conference and did not qualify for the playoffs.

Austin participated in two new competitions in 2023, their first regional competition (the 2023 Leagues Cup) and continental competitions (the 2023 CONCACAF Champions League), but did not advance in either competition.

Austin FC
Austin FC is an American professional soccer club based in Austin, Texas. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Western Conference. Founded in 2018, the club began play in the 2021 season. Their home stadium is Q2 Stadium in north Austin. They are the first major professional sports league team to play in the Texas capital, which prior to 2021 was the largest city in the United States without such a team.
CFCQ-FM
CFCQ-FM was an educational radio station which operated on 93.9 MHz/FM in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada. The station broadcast with an effective radiated power of 28,800 watts. Owned by Téléduc Inc., the actual sign-on date of CFCQ-FM is currently unknown.

CKOB-FM
CKOB-FM is a French-language Canadian radio station located in Trois-Rivières, Quebec, Canada.

Owned and operated by Cogeco, it broadcasts on 106.9 MHz using a directional antenna with an average effective radiated power of 59,000 watts and a peak effective radiated power of 100,000 watts, as a Class C1 station. The station moved to the FM band on August 20, 2007 ; it was previously heard on the AM band, on 550 kHz, with a daytime power of 10,000 watts and a nighttime power of 5,000 watts as a class B station, using a directional antenna with slightly different daytime and nighttime directional patterns in order to protect various other stations on that frequency.

The station identifies itself as 106,9 FM and is one of the few full-time FM talk stations in North America to broadcast in stereo.
Suffolk Fortress Royal Engineers
The Suffolk Fortress Royal Engineers was a coast defence unit of Britain's Territorial Army formed in the 1930s. During World War II it changed roles and specialised in bridgebuilding and rafting to help 21st Army Group cross the numerous water obstacles encountered during the campaign in North West Europe. It continued in the post-war TA until 1967.

21st Army Group
The 21st Army Group was a British headquarters formation formed during the Second World War. It controlled two field armies and other supporting units, consisting primarily of the British Second Army and the First Canadian Army. Established in London during July 1943, under the command of Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force (SHAEF), it was assigned to Operation Overlord, the Western Allied invasion of Europe, and was an important Allied force in the European Theatre. At various times during its existence, the 21st Army Group had additional British, Canadian, American, and Polish field armies or corps attached to it. The 21st Army Group operated in Northern France, Luxembourg, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany from June 1944 until August 1945, when it was renamed the British Army of the Rhine (BAOR).
Simone Collio
Simone Collio (born 27 December 1979 in Cernusco sul Naviglio) is an Italian sprinter who specializes in the 60 and 100 metres. His personal best times are 6.55 seconds in the 60 metres (indoor) and 10.06 seconds in the 100 metres, the third all-time best performance in the Italian ranking of 100 meters, after the 10.01 at altitude of Pietro Mennea and 9.99 of Filippo Tortu.

Filippo Tortu
Filippo Tortu (born 15 June 1998) is an Italian sprinter. He was the first Italian to break the 10-second barrier and is the second fastest Italian in the 100 metres after Marcell Jacobs. He ran the anchor leg in the 4 × 100 m relay of the Italian team that won a gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics. His leg was the fifth fastest anchor of all time.

He is coached by his father, Salvino Tortu, a former Sardinian sprinter who moved to Lombardy.
2024 Bad Homburg Open – Doubles
Nicole Melichar-Martinez and Ellen Perez won the doubles title at the 2024 Bad Homburg Open, defeating Chan Hao-ching and Veronika Kudermetova in the final, 4–6, 6–3, [10–8].

Lidziya Marozava and Ingrid Martins were the reigning champions, but Marozava did not participate this year. Martins partnered Irina Khromacheva, but lost in the first round to Anna Danilina and Xu Yifan.

2024 Bad Homburg Open
The 2024 Bad Homburg Open powered by Solarwatt was a women's professional tennis tournament played on outdoor grass courts at the TC Bad Homburg in Bad Homburg, Germany, from 23 to 29 June 2024. It was the fourth edition of the Bad Homburg Open and was classified as a WTA 500 event on the 2024 WTA Tour (upgraded from WTA 250 status in previous years).
Don Gililland
Don Dow Gililland (commonly misspelled as Gilliland; born 31 January 1939 Dallas, Texas) is a jazz guitarist and composer who recorded three rockabilly hits in 1956 on Sun Records with "Wade & Dick — The College Kids," led by Wade Lee Moore (born 1934) and Dick Penner: "Wild Woman", "Don't Need Your Lovin"', and "Bop Bop Baby".

Gililland got a part as a guitarist in the movie Rock Baby Rock It!, which was being filmed in Dallas in 1956. During the next year, he enrolled at North Texas State University, where he performed with the school's One O'Clock Lab Band. After graduating he worked in clubs with Buster Smith. During the day, he was employed by the Oak Cliff Tribune. He became managing editor, then worked for the Dallas Area Rapid Transit.

"Bop Bop Baby" was included on the soundtrack of Walk the Line, the film biography of Johnny Cash.

Buster Smith
Henry Franklin "Buster" Smith (August 24, 1904 – August 10, 1991), also known as Professor Smith, was an American jazz alto saxophonist and mentor to Charlie Parker. Smith was instrumental in instituting the Texas Sax Sound with Count Basie and Lester Young in the 1930s.

Smith played saxophone for a number of prominent band leaders including Duke Ellington and Earl Hines as well as vocalist Ella Fitzgerald. He recorded his only album as leader in 1959 and despite intending to record a follow-up, he was injured in an accident and nothing else was released.
Shed Skin Papa
Shed Skin Papa is a 2016 Hong Kong comedy-drama film written by Norihiko Tsukada and Roy Szeto based on Tsuksda's Japanese play Nukegara, and directed by Szeto, who had previously directed an award-winning Hong Kong stage adaptation of the play titled Shed Skin in 2011. The film stars Louis Koo as a washed-out, debt-ridden film director who must take care of his seventy nine-year-old dementia-ridden father (Francis Ng), who begins to shed a layer a skin everyday where regains his youth. Shed Skin Papa made its world premiere at the 29th Tokyo International Film Festival on 26 October 2016 where it was shown in competition for the Tokyo Grand Prix The film was theatrically released in Hong Kong on 10 May 2018.

Francis Ng
Francis Ng Chun-yu (Chinese: 吳鎮宇; born 21 December 1961) is a Hong Kong actor and director. He is known for his roles in the TVB series Old Time Buddy (1997) and Triumph in the Skies (2003), as well as in films such as Bullets Over Summer (1999), The Mission (1999), 2000 AD (2000), Juliet in Love (2000), and Infernal Affairs II (2003).
The Undying (film)
The Undying is a 2011 American supernatural romantic thriller directed by Steven Peros, written by David M. Flynn and Steven Peros, and starring Robin Weigert, Anthony Carrigan, Wes Studi, Jay O. Sanders, and Sybil Temtchine.

Wes Studi
Wesley Studi (Cherokee: ᏪᏌ ᏍᏚᏗ; born December 17, 1947) is a Cherokee actor and film producer. He has garnered critical acclaim and awards throughout his career, particularly for his portrayal of Native Americans in film. In 2019, he received an Academy Honorary Award, becoming the first Native American as well as the first Indigenous person from North America to be honored by the academy.

Studi has appeared in Academy Award-winning films, such as Dances with Wolves (1990) and The Last of the Mohicans (1992), and in the Academy Award-nominated films Geronimo: An American Legend (1993) and The New World (2005). He is also known for portraying Sagat in Street Fighter (1994). Other films he has appeared in are Heat, Hostiles, Mystery Men, Avatar, A Million Ways to Die in the West, and the television series Penny Dreadful.

In December 2020, The New York Times ranked him No. 19 in its list of the "25 Greatest Actors of the 21st Century (So Far)".
Albert Kakou Tiapani
Albert Kakou Tiapani (c. September 27, 1944 – September 9, 2021) was an Ivorian politician. A member of the Democratic Party of Ivory Coast – African Democratic Rally, he served as Minister of Housing and Urban Planning under the second government of Daniel Kablan Duncan.

Daniel Kablan Duncan
Daniel Kablan Duncan (born 30 June 1943) is an Ivorian politician. He previously served as Prime Minister of Ivory Coast from 11 December 1993 to 24 December 1999 and again from November 2012 to January 2017. He was Minister of Foreign Affairs from June 2011 to November 2012. He was also the first Vice President of Ivory Coast, after the recreation of this office, from January 2017 until 13 July 2020.
Death of Eren Bülbül
Eren Bülbül (1 January 2002 – 11 August 2017) was a Turkish 15-year-old boy from Maçka, Trabzon who was killed during the clashes between the Kurdistan Workers' Party (PKK) and the Turkish security forces in part of a Turkish military patrol during the Turkish-PKK conflict.

Maçka
Maçka (Greek: Ματζούκα, romanized: Matzoúka; Laz and Georgian: მაჩხა Maçxa) is a municipality and district of Trabzon province, Turkey. Its area is 925 km2, and its population is 24,709 (2022). The name derives from Laz მაჩხა (maçxa), rendered in medieval Greek as Matzouka, which was one of the provinces of the Empire of Trebizond. In Ottoman times, the area formed the nahiye of Maçuka. The Greek Orthodox Sumela Monastery is located in the district.
1891 Massachusetts gubernatorial election
The 1891 Massachusetts gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1891. Incumbent Democratic governor William Russell was re-elected to a second term in office over Republican U.S. representative Charles H. Allen.

Russell was the first Democratic governor of Massachusetts re-elected to a second term in office since George S. Boutwell in 1851 and the first ever re-elected by popular vote.

Charles H. Allen
Charles Herbert Allen (April 15, 1848 – April 20, 1934) was an American politician and businessman. After serving in state and federal elected positions, he was appointed as the first United States-appointed civilian governor of Puerto Rico when the U.S. acquired it after the Spanish–American War. He previously had served as Assistant Secretary of the Navy under President William McKinley.

After returning to the U.S. from Puerto Rico, Allen headed for Wall Street and became a vice president of Morton Trust Company and its successor, the Guaranty Trust Company of New York. He formed the American Sugar Refining Company—a sugar syndicate which, by 1907, was the largest in the world. It owned or controlled 98% of the sugar processing capacity in the U.S. and was known as the Sugar Trust. Allen was treasurer of American Sugar Refining in 1910, its president in 1913, and in 1915 he joined its board of directors. In the early 21st century, the company is known as Domino Sugar.