hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Murray (lexicographer)
Sir James Augustus Henry Murray, FBA (/ˈmʌri/; 7 February 1837 – 26 July 1915) was a British lexicographer and philologist. He was the primary editor of the Oxford English Dictionary (OED) from 1879 until his death.

Simon Winchester
Simon Winchester OBE (born 28 September 1944) is a British-American author and journalist. In his career at The Guardian newspaper, Winchester covered numerous significant events, including Bloody Sunday and the Watergate Scandal. Winchester has written or contributed to over 30 best-selling nonfiction books, one novel, and several magazines, among them Condé Nast Traveler, Smithsonian Magazine, and National Geographic.
Balut Island
Balut Island, also known as Malulong, is a potentially active volcanic island south of the tip of Davao Occidental province in the Mindanao region, southern Philippines. At the center of the island is Mount Balut or Balut Volcano, a fumarolic volcano with no historical eruptions.

Volcanic island
Geologically, a volcanic island is an island of volcanic origin. The term high island can be used to distinguish such islands from low islands, which are formed from sedimentation or the uplifting of coral reefs (which have often formed on sunken volcanoes).
Le nozze di Teti e di Peleo
Le nozze di Teti e di Peleo is an opera by Francesco Cavalli - specifically, an opera scenica or festa teatrale. The work, set to a libretto by Orazio Persiani, was Cavalli's first opera, and was first performed at the Venetian opera house Teatro San Cassiano on 24 January 1639. It is also the first Venetian opera for which a score survives to this day.

The plot is based upon the mythological tale of the wedding of Thetis and Peleus. Cavalli's scenes of divine activity require elaborate theatrical staging, and his score calls for plentiful activity of both chorus (who portray such different characters as gods, Tritons, Bacchantes, and demons) and dancers.

Maenad
In Greek mythology, maenads (/ˈmiːnædz/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: μαινάδες [maiˈnades]) were the female followers of Dionysus and the most significant members of his retinue, the thiasus.
Their name, which comes from μαίνομαι (maínomai, "to rave, to be mad; to rage, to be angry"), literally translates as 'raving ones'. Maenads were known as Bassarids, Bacchae /ˈbækiː/, or Bacchantes /ˈbækənts, bəˈkænts, -ˈkɑːnts/ in Roman mythology after the penchant of the equivalent Roman god, Bacchus, to wear a bassaris or fox skin.

Often the maenads were portrayed as inspired by Dionysus into a state of ecstatic frenzy through a combination of dancing and intoxication. During these rites, the maenads would dress in fawn skins and carry a thyrsus, a long stick wrapped in ivy or vine leaves and tipped with a pine cone. They would weave ivy-wreaths around their heads or wear a bull helmet in honor of their god, and often handle or wear snakes.
Binhai, Tianjin
Binhai, fully known as Binhai New Area (Chinese: 滨海新区; pinyin: Bīnhǎi Xīn Qū),  abbreviated as Binhai and Bincheng, is a sub-provincial division, new area and special economic zone of China under the jurisdiction of Tianjin, People's Republic of China, located in the eastern coastal area of Tianjin, the center of the Bohai Economic Rim, with a total area of 2,270 square kilometers and a population of 2,067,300, It is the gateway to opening up to the outside world in northern China, a high-level modern manufacturing and R&D transformation base, a northern international shipping center and international logistics center, and a livable and ecological new urban area.

Binhai New Area is an important part of China (Tianjin) Pilot Free Trade Zone, a state-level new area, and a national comprehensive supporting reform pilot area.

New areas
The new areas or new districts of the People's Republic of China are new urban districts that are given special economic and development support by the Chinese Central Government or regional government. New areas are divided into two varieties: administrative or management and further divided into levels: state-level, provincial-level, and prefectural-level.
USCGC Point Caution
USCGC Point Caution (WPB-82301) was the first 82-foot (25 m) USCG Point class cutter constructed at the Coast Guard Yard at Curtis Bay, Maryland. She was built and commissioned in 1960 for use as a law enforcement and search and rescue patrol boat. Since the Coast Guard policy in 1960 was not to name cutters under 100 feet (30 m) in length it was designated as WPB-82301 when commissioned and acquired the name Point Caution in January 1964 when the Coast Guard started naming all cutters longer than 65-foot (20 m).

Point-class cutter
The Point-class cutter was a class of 82-foot patrol vessels designed to replace the United States Coast Guard's aging 83-foot wooden hull patrol boat being used at the time. The boats had a mild steel hull and an aluminum superstructure. The Coast Guard Yard discontinued building the 95-foot Cape-class cutter to have the capacity to produce the 82-foot Point-class patrol boat in 1960. They served as patrol vessels used in law enforcement and search and rescue along the coasts of the United States and the Caribbean. They also served in Vietnam during the Vietnam War. They were replaced by the 87-foot Marine Protector-class patrol boats beginning in the late 1990s.
RISC iX
RISC iX is a discontinued Unix operating system designed to run on a series of workstations based on the Acorn Archimedes microcomputer. Heavily based on 4.3BSD, it was initially completed in 1988, a year after Arthur but before RISC OS. It was introduced in the ARM2-based R140 workstation in 1989, followed up by the ARM3-based R200-series workstations in 1990.

UNIX System V
UNIX System V (pronounced: "System Five") is one of the first commercial versions of the Unix operating system. It was originally developed by AT&T and first released in 1983. Four major versions of System V were released, numbered 1, 2, 3, and 4. System V Release 4 (SVR4) was commercially the most successful version, being the result of an effort, marketed as Unix System Unification, which solicited the collaboration of the major Unix vendors. It was the source of several common commercial Unix features. System V is sometimes abbreviated to SysV.

As of 2026, the AT&T-derived Unix market is divided between three System V variants: IBM's AIX, Oracle's Solaris, and the free-software illumos forked from OpenSolaris.
San Pedro de Santa Bárbara
San Pedro, is one of the six districts of the Santa Bárbara canton, in the Heredia province of Costa Rica. It is located 2.5 kilometers (1.6 mi) west of Santa Bárbara and is officially a part of the province of Heredia. The elevation is approximately 1,080 meters (3,540 ft) above sea-level.

Heredia Province
Heredia (Spanish pronunciation: [eˈɾeðja]) is a province of Costa Rica. It is in the north-central part of the country. As a result, the province covers areas as diverse as the agriculture-rich Northern plains to the more metropolitan areas such as the city of Heredia in the Central Valley. It contains several major environmentally important areas such as the Braulio Carrillo National Park and the Sarapiqui River. The capital is the city of Heredia.

To the north it borders Nicaragua, to the east is the province Limón, to the south the province San José, and to the west Alajuela.
Ian Mearns
James Ian Mearns (born 21 April 1957) is a British Labour Party politician. He served as the Member of Parliament (MP) for Gateshead from 2010 to 2024. He was a member of and latterly Chair of the Socialist Campaign Group parliamentary caucus.

Backbench Business Committee
The Backbench Business Committee of the British House of Commons was created on 15 June 2010 through the adoption of a new standing order. It was created soon after 2010 general election, but had been proposed during the previous Parliament by the Wright Committee on Reform of the House of Commons in its report of 12 November 2009.
Poppy Peak Historic District
The Poppy Peak Historic District is a neighborhood and historic district located in the southwest corner of Pasadena, California. The neighborhood is located on the side of Poppy Peak, a 991-foot-high (302 m) mountain of the San Rafael Hills. Developer William Carr platted the neighborhood in 1924. The homes in the district were designed by a number of significant Modern Movement architects. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2009.

San Rafael Hills
The San Rafael Hills are a mountain range in Los Angeles County, California. They are one of the lower Transverse Ranges, and are parallel to and below the San Gabriel Mountains, adjacent to the San Gabriel Valley overlooking the Los Angeles Basin.
Airwork Services
Airwork Limited, also referred to during its history as Airwork Services Limited, is a wholly owned subsidiary company of VT Group plc. It has provided a variety of defence support services to the Royal Air Force (RAF), Fleet Air Arm and overseas air forces, as well as having played an important role in the development of civil aviation – both in the United Kingdom and abroad.

Douglas DC-6
The Douglas DC-6 is a piston-powered airliner and cargo aircraft built by the Douglas Aircraft Company from 1946 to 1958. Originally intended as a military transport near the end of World War II, Douglas reworked it after the war to compete with the Lockheed Constellation in the long-range commercial transport market. Douglas built over 700, and many still fly in cargo, military, and wildfire control roles.

The DC-6 was known as the C-118 Liftmaster in United States Air Force service and as the R6D in United States Navy service before 1962, after which all U.S. Navy variants were also designated as the C-118.
1998 Sybase Open – Doubles
The 1998 Sybase Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at the San Jose Arena in San Jose, California in the United States and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the 109th edition of the tournament ran from February 9 through February 15, 1998.

1998 ATP Tour
The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the ATP World Tour Finals, the ATP Super 9, the Championship Series and the World Series tournaments.
Jimmy Smyth (Gaelic footballer)
James Smyth (born 1949) is an Irish former Gaelic footballer who played for the Clan na Gael club and at senior level for the Armagh county team. A schoolteacher by profession, he captained Armagh in the All-Ireland Final of 1977.

1973–74 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship
The 1973–74 All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship was the fourth staging of the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1970–71.

The defending champion was Nemo Rangers; however, the club did not qualify after losing to St Finbarr's in the 1973 Cork County Championship.

University College Dublin defeated Clan na Gael by 0–14 to 1–4 in the final replay at Croke Park on 28 April 1974 to win the competition. It was the club's first title.
Jor Bagh metro station
The Jor Bagh metro station is located on the Yellow Line of the Delhi Metro.

It is the northernmost station on Aurobindo Marg, and is located near the Lodi Road crossing. A Mughal mausoleum, Safdarjung's Tomb, is located nearby. It is also close to Safdarjung Airport.

Delhi Metro Rail Corporation
Delhi Metro Rail Corporation (DMRC) is a centre-state joint venture that operates the Delhi Metro and Noida Metro. The DMRC is also involved in the planning and implementation of metro rail, monorail, and high-speed rail projects in India, and abroad. The work of the DMRC is fragmented into various parts which are controlled by directors under the direction of a managing director.
Edmundo Zura
Edmundo Salomón Zura de Jesús (born 12 January 1983 in Pimampiro, Imbabura), is an Ecuadorian professional footballer who plays for El Nacional. Zura is a centre forward who is known for his superb heading, powerful shooting and ruthless finishing.

Zura celebrates his goals by donning a blue Spider-Man style wrestling mask as a tribute to Otilino Tenorio who was killed in a car accident. His brother Rommel Zura is also a professional footballer and playing for Emelec.

Football at the 2007 Pan American Games – Men's tournament
In the men's football tournament of the 2007 Pan American Games, the Pan American Sports Organisation expanded the number of participants from 8 to 12 and set the age limit to the Under-20 level. However, CONMEBOL, representing the South American nations, only accepted to play with Under-17 teams (who qualified through the 2007 South American Under-17 Football Championship), since Under-20 teams had to participate at the U-20 World Cup at the same time.

The United States accepted to play with their Under-18 team. Finally, Peru declined to play because their U-17 team preferred to play friendlies in Asia in preparation for the U-17 World Cup, so Bolivia took their place.

In the final, Ecuador beat Jamaica to win their first gold medal.
Tub (container)
A tub is an open-top circular or oblong container. In earlier times they were made from wooden staves held together with iron hoops and were made by coopers. Modern tubs used in industry might be made from concrete, metal or plastic.

Small plastic tubs used in the home may have a separate or attached snap-on lid or cover;  some tubs may have latched lids.

Tubs are used for multiple packaging applications as well as household and industrial storage.

Packaging
Packaging is the science, art, and technology of enclosing or protecting products for distribution, storage, sale, and use. Packaging also refers to the process of designing, evaluating, and producing packages. Packaging can be described as a coordinated system of preparing goods for transport, warehousing, logistics, sale, and end use. Packaging contains, protects, preserves, transports, informs, and sells. In many countries it is fully integrated into government, business, institutional, industrial, and for personal use.

Package labeling (American English) or labelling (British English) is any written, electronic, or graphic communication on the package or on a separate but associated label. Many countries or regions have regulations governing the content of package labels. Merchandising, branding, and persuasive graphics are not covered in this article.
Sefid Qoleh Zaruni
Sefid Qoleh Zaruni (Persian: سفيد قله ضروني, also Romanized as Sefīd Qoleh Ẕarūnī; also known as Morādʿal) is a village in Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District, in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 107, in 22 families.

Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District
Kuhdasht-e Shomali Rural District (Persian: دهستان کوهدشت شمالی) is in the Central District of Kuhdasht County, Lorestan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Namju. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Horin Khalifeh.
Bibliography of Ramakrishna
Ramakrishna (1836–1886) is a famous mystic of nineteenth-century India. Ramakrishna never wrote down the details of his own life. Sources for his life and teachings come from the writings of his disciples and live witnesses. Ramakrishna's recorded sayings mainly come from the last four years of his life.

Ram Chandra Datta
Ram Chandra Datta (30 October 1851 – 17 January 1899) was a householder disciple of Ramakrishna and a writer. Datta was a relative of Indian monk and social reformer Swami Vivekananda. After completing his graduation, he took job of a Government employee and a chemist. He invented an antidote for blood dysentery from an extract of an indigenous medicinal plant and started promoting "modern science".

Datta became a disciple of Ramakrishna and encouraged Narendranath Datta (pre-monastic name of Swami Vivekananda) to go to Dakshineswar and meet Ramakrishna. He died on 17 January 1899 after suffering from heart disease and chronic asthma.
Bavia capistrata
Bavia capistrata is a species of jumping spider in the genus Bavia. The species was originally described by Carl Ludwig Koch as Maevia capistrata in 1846.

The specific name capistrata derives from Latin capistratus, meaning "with a harness", referring to distinctive markings on the male.

Opisthosoma
The opisthosoma is the posterior part of the body in some arthropods, behind the prosoma (cephalothorax). It is a distinctive feature of the subphylum Chelicerata (arachnids, horseshoe crabs and others). It is similar in most respects to an abdomen (and is often referred to as such).
El-Gadarif
El-Gadarif (Arabic: القضارف Al Qaḍārif), also spelt Gedaref or Gedarif, is the capital of the state of Al Qadarif in Sudan. It lies on the road that connects Khartoum with Gallabat on the Ethiopian border, about 410 kilometres (250 mi) from the capital.

Darfur
Darfur (/dɑːrˈfʊər/ dar-FOOR; Arabic: دار فور, romanized: Dār Fūr, lit. 'Realm of the Fur') is a region of western Sudan. Dār is an Arabic word meaning "home [of]" – the region was named Dardaju (Arabic: دار داجو, romanized: Dār Dājū) while ruled by the Daju, who migrated from Meroë c. 350 AD, and it was  renamed Dartunjur (Arabic: دار تنجر, romanized: Dār Tunjur) when the Tunjur ruled the area. Darfur was an independent sultanate for hundreds of years until 1874, when it fell to the Sudanese warlord Rabih az-Zubayr. The region was later invaded and incorporated into Sudan by Anglo-Egyptian forces in 1916.

Because of the War in Darfur between Sudanese government forces and the indigenous population, the region has been in a state of humanitarian emergency and genocide since 2003. The factors include religious and ethnic rivalry, and the rivalry between farmers and herders.
Kosmos 1604
Kosmos 1604 (Russian: Космос 1604 meaning Cosmos 1604) is a Soviet US-K missile early warning satellite which was launched in 1984 as part of the Soviet military's Oko programme. The satellite is designed to identify missile launches using optical telescopes and infrared sensors.

Kosmos 1604 was launched from Site 16/2 at Plesetsk Cosmodrome in the Russian SSR. A Molniya-M carrier rocket with a 2BL upper stage was used to perform the launch, which took place at 19:49 UTC on 4 October 1984. The launch successfully placed the satellite into a molniya orbit. It subsequently received its Kosmos designation, and the international designator 1984-107A. The United States Space Command assigned it the Satellite Catalog Number 15350.

Oko
Oko (Old Russian: Око, lit. 'Eye') is a Russian (previously Soviet) missile defence early warning programme consisting of satellites in Molniya and geosynchronous orbits. Oko satellites are used to identify launches of ballistic missiles by detection of their engines' exhaust plume in infrared light, and complement other early warning facilities such as Voronezh, Daryal and Dnepr radars. The information provided by these sensors can be used for the A-135 anti-ballistic missile system which defends Moscow. The satellites are run by the Russian Aerospace Forces, and previously the Russian Aerospace Defence Forces and Russian Space Forces. Since November 2015, it is being replaced by the new EKS system.
Madison High School (New Jersey)
Madison High School is a four-year public high school serving students in ninth to twelfth grades in Morris County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, operating as part of the Madison Public Schools. The school is located entirely in the borough of Madison. Students from Harding Township attend the school as part of a sending/receiving relationship.

As of the 2023–24 school year, the school had an enrollment of 816 students and 71.0 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 11.5:1. There were 38 students (4.7% of enrollment) eligible for free lunch and 9 (1.1% of students) eligible for reduced-cost lunch. More than 90% of the district's graduates move on to a four-year college, with half of those attending highly competitive schools.

New Jersey Department of Education
The New Jersey Department of Education (NJ DOE) administers state and federal aid programs affecting more than 1.4 million public and non-public elementary and secondary school children in the state of New Jersey. The department is headquartered in the Judge Robert L. Carter Building in Trenton.
Chu script
The Chu or Chu script is a writing system used in the state of Chu during the Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods. The script was one of the different ancient writing systems used by various countries in China prior to the unification of the world by Emperor Qin Shi Huang and the implementation of the policy of writing in the same language. It is also known as the “Chu System of Simplified Palm Script” because most of the excavated texts are on silk, in addition to bamboo and wooden slips.

Mawangdui
Mawangdui (simplified Chinese: 马王堆; traditional Chinese: 馬王堆; pinyin: Mǎwángduī; lit. 'King Ma's Mound') is an archaeological site located in Changsha, China. The site consists of two saddle-shaped hills and contained the tombs of three people from the Changsha Kingdom during the western Han dynasty (206 BC – 9 AD): the Chancellor Li Cang, his wife Xin Zhui, and a male believed to have been their son.  The site was excavated from 1972 to 1974.  Most of the artifacts from Mawangdui are displayed at the Hunan Provincial Museum. It was called "King Ma's Mound" possibly because it was (erroneously) thought to be the tomb of Ma Yin (853–930), a ruler of the Chu kingdom during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. The original name might have been the similarly-sounding "saddle-shaped mound" (馬鞍堆; mǎ ān duī).
Tukulor Empire
The Tukulor Empire (Arabic: الخلافة التجانية; Fula: Laamateeri Tijaani; French: Empire toucouleur; also known as the Tijaniyya Jihad state or the Segu Tukulor or the Tidjaniya Caliphate or the Umarian State) (1861–1890) was an Islamic state in the mid-nineteenth century founded by Elhadj Oumar Foutiyou Tall of the Toucouleur people of Senegal.

Amadu III
Amadu III of Masina (Arabic: أحمد بن أحمد بن أحمد لبّو, Fula: Āmadu mo Āmadu mo Āmadu Lobbo), also known as Amadu Amadu (1830 - 16 May 1862)  was the third and last ruler of the theocratic Caliphate of Hamdullahi (Diina of Hamdullahi) in the Inner Niger Delta, now the Mopti Region of Mali.  He was elected as successor to his father, Amadu II of Masina, in 1853.  Throughout most of his rule he was involved in conflict with the jihadist al-Hajj 'Umar Tall, who defeated and executed him on 16 May 1862.
Diaea dorsata
Diaea dorsata is one of the smaller crab spiders, with a palearctic distribution. Females can grow up to 6 mm, males up to 4 mm. Prosoma and legs are green, the opisthosoma is yellowish with a brown mark.

Diaea dorsata prefers forest edges. It can be found on oak leaves. The subadults overwinter under the bark of dead trees. Adults appear in May. The males have an extended non-damaging combat ritual: They stand opposed, stretch their front legs and dance around each other. This can go on for hours. This is highly unusual for crab spiders, but for example often found in jumping spiders.

An agranular green pigment is incorporated into the mesocuticle of this species and thus lost between moults.

Thomisidae
The Thomisidae are a family of spiders, including about 170 genera and over 2,100 species. The common name crab spider is often linked to species in this family, but may also be used for spiders from other families. Many members of this family are also known as flower spiders or flower crab spiders.