hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Linsey-woolsey
Linsey-woolsey (less often, woolsey-linsey or in Scots, wincey) is a coarse twill or plain-woven fabric woven with a linen warp and a woollen weft. Similar fabrics woven with a cotton warp and woollen weft in Colonial America were also called linsey-woolsey or wincey. The name derives from a combination of lin (an archaic word for flax, whence "linen") and wool. This textile has been known since ancient times. Known as shatnez (שַׁעַטְנֵז) in Hebrew, the wearing of this fabric was forbidden in the Torah and hence Jewish law.

Warp and weft
In the manufacture of cloth, warp and weft are the two basic components in weaving to transform thread and yarn into textile fabrics. The vertical warp yarns are held stationary in tension on a loom (frame) while the horizontal weft (also called the woof) is drawn through (inserted over and under) the warp thread. In the terminology of weaving, each warp thread is called a warp end; a pick is a single weft thread that crosses the warp thread (synonymous terms are fill yarn and filling yarn).

In the 18th century, the Industrial Revolution facilitated the industrialisation of the production of textile fabrics with the picking stick and the flying shuttle, the latter of which was invented by John Kay, in 1733. The mechanised power loom was patented by Edmund Cartwright in 1785, which allowed sixty picks per minute.
Tarkus Ferguson
Tarkus Ferguson (born July 27, 1997) is an American professional basketball player for the Rayos de Hermosillo of the Circuito de Baloncesto de la Costa del Pacífico (CIBACOPA). He played college basketball for the UIC Flames.

Rayos de Hermosillo
Rayos de Hermosillo is a Mexican professional basketball club based in Hermosillo, Sonora. The Rayos play in the Circuito de Baloncesto de la Costa del Pacífico (CIBACOPA) and play their home games at the Arena Sonora.

They have won four league titles (2012, 2013, 2019, 2024).
HMCS Westmount
HMCS Westmount (pennant J318) was a Bangor-class minesweeper that served with the Royal Canadian Navy during the Second World War. Entering service in 1942, the minesweeper spent the entire war on the Atlantic Canada coast. Following the war, the ship was laid up in reserve until reacquired in 1952 during the Korean War. Never re-entering service with the Royal Canadian Navy, the vessel was sold to the Turkish Navy in 1958. Renamed Bornova (also spelled Bor Nova), the minesweeper was discarded in 1972.

Turkish Naval Forces
The Turkish Naval Forces (Turkish: Türk Deniz Kuvvetleri), or Turkish Navy (Turkish: Türk Donanması), is the naval warfare service branch of the Turkish Armed Forces.

The modern naval traditions and customs of the Turkish Navy can be traced back to 10 July 1920, when it was established as the Directorate of Naval Affairs during the Turkish War of Independence led by Mustafa Kemal Atatürk. Since July 1949, the service has been officially known as the Turkish Naval Forces.

In 2008, the Turkish Navy had a reported active personnel strength of 48,600; this figure included an Amphibious Marines Brigade as well as several Special Forces and Commando detachments. As of early 2021, the navy operates a wide variety of ships and 60 maritime aircraft.
Badderen
Badderen (Norwegian), Báttár (Northern Sami), or Paattari (Kven) is a village in Kvænangen Municipality in Troms county, Norway. It lies at the head of the Badderfjord, about 13 kilometers (8.1 mi) south of the municipal seat of Burfjord. The European route E6 highway passes through the village. The basic statistical unit (grunnkrets) of Badderen, which also includes the hamlet of Undereidet, had a population of 183 in 2015.

Burfjord
Burfjord (Norwegian), Burovuonna (Northern Sami), or Puruvuono (Kven) is a village in Kvænangen Municipality in Troms county, Norway. The village is the administrative centre of the municipality, thus it is where the municipal offices are located and where the municipal council meets. The 0.59-square-kilometre (150-acre) village has a population (2023) of 390 and a population density of 661 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,710/sq mi).

The services of Burfjord include a bank, a post office, a gas station, a medical office, a nursing home, a dentist, a primary school, grocery shops, and Burfjord Church. Burfjord's residents are composed of a mix of indigenous Sami people, Kven people, and ethnic Norwegians. Sami tourist shops selling handicrafts are located all around the village.
Dolaucothi Gold Mines
The Dolaucothi Gold Mines (pronounced [ˌdɔlaiˈkɔθɪ]; Welsh: Mwynfeydd Aur Dolaucothi) (grid reference SN662403), also known as the Ogofau Gold Mine, are ancient Roman surface and underground mines located in the valley of the River Cothi, near Pumsaint, Carmarthenshire, Wales. The gold mines are located within the Dolaucothi Estate, which is owned by the National Trust.

They are the only mines for Welsh gold outside those of the Dolgellau gold-belt, and are a Scheduled Ancient Monument. They are also the only known Roman gold mines in Britain, although it does not exclude the likelihood that they exploited other known sources in Devon in South West England, north Wales, Scotland and elsewhere. The site is important for showing advanced Roman technology.

Afon Cothi
The Afon Cothi (also known as the River Cothy) in Carmarthenshire is the largest tributary of the River Tywi in south Wales. From its source at Blaen Cothi in the north of the county, north of Pumsaint, it flows south-east and then turns south-west to flow past Cwrt-y-cadno, Pumsaint, Abergorlech and Pont-ar-Gothi before joining the River Tywi west of the village of Llanarthney.

The Cothi is noted for its trout and sea trout (sewin) fishing and for its scenery.
HM Prison Swinfen Hall
HM Prison Swinfen Hall is a Category C men's prison and Young Offenders Institution, located in the village of Swinfen (near Lichfield) in Staffordshire, England. The prison is operated by His Majesty's Prison Service.

Prisoner security categories in the United Kingdom
In the United Kingdom, prisoners are divided into four categories of security. Each adult is assigned to a category according to their crime, sentence, the risk of escape, and violent tendencies. The categories are designated with the letters A to D, with A being the highest level of security, and D the lowest.

There are three different prison services in the United Kingdom, and separate services for the three Crown Dependencies, i.e., the Channel Islands jointly and the Isle of Man. His Majesty's Prison Service manages prisons in England and Wales, and also serves as the National Offender Management Service for England and Wales. Prisons in Scotland are managed by the Scottish Prison Service and prisons in Northern Ireland are managed by the Northern Ireland Prison Service.
Conrad Marca-Relli
Conrad Marca-Relli (born Corrado Marcarelli; June 5, 1913 – August 29, 2000) was an American artist who belonged to the early generation of New York School Abstract Expressionist artists whose artistic innovation by the 1950s had been recognized across the Atlantic, including Paris. New York School Abstract Expressionism, represented by Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Franz Kline, Robert Motherwell, John Ferren, Marca-Relli and others became a leading art movement of the postwar era.

Robert Motherwell
Robert Motherwell (January 24, 1915 – July 16, 1991) was an American abstract expressionist painter, printmaker, and editor of The Dada Painters and Poets: an Anthology. He was one of the youngest of the New York School, which also included Willem de Kooning, Jackson Pollock, and Mark Rothko.

Trained in philosophy, Motherwell then became an artist regarded as among the most articulate spokesmen and the founders of the abstract expressionist painters.  He was known for his series of abstract paintings and prints which touched on political, philosophical and literary themes, such as the Elegies to the Spanish Republic.
Michele Jolin
Michele Jolin is an American social entrepreneur and policymaker.  She is the CEO and co-founder of Results for America, a nonprofit organization dedicated to using evidence-based practices to get results-driven solutions. She is a senior fellow at the Center for American Progress focusing on building a policy environment to support social entrepreneurship.  She was appointed by President Obama in December 2010 to be a member of the White House Council for Community Solutions. In 2016, Jolin was elected as a fellow of the National Academy of Public Administration.

Center for American Progress
The Center for American Progress (CAP) is a public policy research and advocacy organization which presents a liberal viewpoint on economic and social issues. CAP is headquartered in Washington, D.C.

The president and chief executive officer of CAP is Neera Tanden, a Democratic political consultant and former government official. The first president and CEO was John Podesta, who has served as White House Chief of Staff to US president Bill Clinton and as the chairman of the 2016 presidential campaign of Hillary Clinton. Podesta remained with the organization as chairman of the board until he joined the Obama White House staff in December 2013.
Nitin Baid
Nitin Baid is an Indian film editor and director renowned for his work in Hindi cinema. He has edited films such as Masaan (2015), Trapped (2016), Raazi (2018), Bhavesh Joshi Superhero (2018), Lust Stories (2018),  Gully Boy (2019), Chhapaak (2020), 83 (2021), Sam Bahadur (2023), Kesari Chapter 2 (2023) and Homebound (2025) and streaming series including Ghoul (2018), Bard of Blood (2019), Made in Heaven (2019), Dahaad (2023) and The Ba***ds of Bollywood (2025). Baid made his directorial debut with the short film Chashma (also known as Blind Spot), which premiered at the MAMI Mumbai Film Festival in 2024.

Chashma (film)
Chashma (also referred to as Blind Spot) is a 2024 Indian short film directed by Nitin Baid in his directorial debut. The story of the film was written by Nitin Baid, with the screenplay and dialogue by Varun Grover, and produced by Gubbara Entertainment. It stars Konkona Sen Sharma, Ayan Khan, Shafeen Patel, Kabir Shah and Shishir Sharma in pivotal roles. The film premiered at the MAMI Mumbai Film Festival 2024 under the Focus South Asia section.
Amargarh Fort
The Amargarh Fort is a fort in Rajasthan, India. It is located in Amargarh village near Jahazpur, Bhilwara district. It is often overshadowded by other Rajasthani forts like Amber or Mehrangarh, but it holds cultural and historical significance, especially for the Meena community and Jadon Rajputs. The fort was probably built around 1745 AD by Raja Amar Mal ji, a key figure in the Jadon Rajput clan, who claimed descent from Lord Krishna as Chandravanshi (moon descendants). The fort was later converted into a heritage hotel.

Meena
Meena (pronounced [miːɳa]) is a tribe from northern and western India which is sometimes considered a sub-group of the Bhil community. It used to be claimed they speak Mina language, a 
spurious language. Its name is also transliterated as Meenanda or Mina. They got the status of Scheduled Tribe by the Government of India in 1954.
Poleyn
The poleyn or genouillere was a component of Medieval and Renaissance armor that protected the knee. During the transition from mail armor to plate armor, this was among the earliest plate components to develop.  They first appeared around 1230 and remained in use until 1650, when firearms made them obsolete.

The specifics of poleyn design varied considerably over that period. The earliest poleyns were strapped over mail chausses. Fourteenth century and early fifteenth century poleyns usually attached to padded leggings or plate cuisses. During the fifteenth century poleyns developed an articulated construction that attached to the cuisses and schynbalds or greaves. A characteristic of late fifteenth century Gothic plate armor was a projection that guarded the side of the knee.

Schynbalds
Schynbalds were an early experiment in plate armour for the lower leg.  Schynbalds were metal plates strapped over chausses.  Each schynbald was a single piece of steel that covered the front and outside of the shin.  Schynbalds did not enclose the lower leg: hence, they were not true greaves.  Schynbalds first appeared in the 1230s or 1250s and remained in use during the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

Complete suits of armor survive only from the latter part of the schynbald era.  In fifteenth century Gothic armour they were strapped not to mail but to fastenings on a padded undergarment.  By the early fifteenth century greaves had supplanted schynbalds in white armour.  Schynbalds were essentially obsolete by the sixteenth century.
Esmée Denters
Esmée Denters (born 28 September 1988) is a Dutch singer and YouTuber. Denters started promoting herself as a musician online in 2006, covering songs by artists including Justin Timberlake and Natasha Bedingfield. Denters was signed by Timberlake as the first artist to his label Tennman Records. In May 2009, she released her debut studio album, Outta Here, and toured the United States with Timberlake. After the label dropped her, Denters moved to London, where she competed in BBC One's The Voice UK.

In 2017, Denters released her EP These Days, followed by the EP Past, Present, Future in 2020.

The Voice UK series 4
The Voice UK is a British television music competition to find new singing talent. The fourth series started on 10 January 2015. Emma Willis and Marvin Humes returned as hosts, alongside coaches will.i.am, Sir Tom Jones, and Ricky Wilson. Kylie Minogue did not return because of her touring commitments, and was replaced by Rita Ora. On 4 April 2015, Stevie McCrorie was announced the winner of the series, making him the first winner to have received an all-chair turn in the blind auditions. It was also Ricky Wilson's first win as coach.
White Island Pond
White Island Pond is a system of two ponds in Plymouth and Wareham, Massachusetts. The area of the western basin is 122 acres (0.49 km2), and the area of the eastern basin is 159 acres (0.64 km2). The pond is located east of Glen Charlie Pond in Wareham and, in Plymouth, south of Halfway Pond, southwest of Fawn Pond and Deer Pond, and west of Ezekiel Pond.

Glen Charlie Pond
Glen Charlie Pond is a 185-acre (0.75 km2) warm water pond in Wareham, Massachusetts. The maximum depth of the pond is 12 feet (3.7 m). The pond is part of the Agawam River. The pond is located southwest of White Island Shores, northeast of Spectacle Pond, north of Sandy Pond, and approximately 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Route 25. Exit 2 off Route 25 eastbound provides direct access along Glen Charlie Road. The pond is developed with summer and year-round homes mostly along the southern and eastern shores. Public access is possible through town-owned land at the gas pipeline crossing. This pond is popular for both warm-water fishing and ice fishing.
Misha Manson-Smith
Misha Manson-Smith (born January 10, 1978) is a British director and screenwriter. He is known for directing high-end television dramas including The Feed, Kiss Me First and No Offence and for creating satirical comedy series with Marc Wootton that blur fiction and reality. He has been nominated for three BAFTAs including the Breakthrough Talent Award for Directing.

The Feed (British TV series)
The Feed is a British science fiction drama television miniseries based on the first chapter of Nick Clark Windo's 2018 novel of the same name. The series premiered on 16 September 2019 on Virgin TV Ultra HD in the UK, and all ten episodes were released on 22 November 2019 on Amazon Prime Video.
Graustark (1915 film)
Graustark is a 1915 American silent adventure drama film produced by the Essanay Studios. It is based on the novel Graustark by George Barr McCutcheon. The film starred romantic team Francis X. Bushman and Beverly Bayne and proved one of their most popular vehicles. Fred E. Wright directed the film.

The film was remade in 1925 as Graustark with Norma Talmadge. The 1923 Fox film Truxton King with John Gilbert is based on one of the sequels.

Truxton King (film)
Truxton King is a lost 1923 American silent drama film directed by Jerome Storm. The film stars John Gilbert while he was a player for Fox Film Corporation and is based upon the novel Graustark by George Barr McCutcheon.
Vincent, Orontius, and Victor
Saints Vincent, Orontius, and Victor (d. 305 AD) are venerated as martyrs by the Roman Catholic and Orthodox Churches. Tradition states that Vincent and Orontius were brothers from Cimiez.  They were Christians who evangelized in the Pyrenees and were killed at Puigcerda with Saint Victor.

Vincent should not be confused with the more famous Vincent of Saragossa, who is honored on the same feast day.

Vincent of Saragossa
Vincent of Saragossa (also known as Vincent Martyr, Vincent of Huesca or Vincent the Deacon) was a deacon of the Church of Saragossa. He is considered as a Protomartyr of Spain and the patron saint of Lisbon, Algarve, and Valencia. His feast day is 22 January in the Catholic Church, Anglican Communion, and the Eastern Orthodox Church, with an additional commemoration on 11 November in the Eastern Orthodox Church. Vincent was born at Huesca and martyred under the Emperor Diocletian around the year 304.
Catalina Park
Catalina Park is a disused motor racing venue, located at Katoomba, in the Blue Mountains, New South Wales, Australia, and is recognised as an Aboriginal Place due to the long association of the local Gundungarra and Darug clans to the area.

National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974
The National Parks and Wildlife Act 1974 is the legislation passed by the New South Wales Parliament with the explicit intent of conserving the natural and cultural heritage of the state of New South Wales; fostering public appreciation, understanding and enjoyment of its natural and cultural heritage; and managing any lands reserved for the purposes of conserving and fostering public appreciation and enjoyment of its natural and cultural heritage.
Tamaru Castle
Tamaru Castle (田丸城, Tamaru-jō) was a Japanese castle located in Tamaki, northern Mie Prefecture, Japan. At the end of the Edo period, Tamaru Castle was home to the Kuno clan, daimyō of Tamaru Domain and one of the hereditary karō to Kii Domain. The ruins are a Mie Prefecture Historic Site.

Kishū Domain
The Kishū Domain (紀州藩, Kishū-han), also referred to as Kii Domain or Wakayama Domain, was a feudal domain in Kii Province, Japan. This domain encompassed regions in present-day Wakayama and southern Mie prefectures and had a substantial income of 555,000 koku. The administrative center of the domain was located at Wakayama Castle, which is situated in present-day Wakayama, Wakayama Prefecture.
Midrash Al Yithallel
Midrash Al Yithallel (Hebrew: מדרש אל יתהלל) is a small midrash containing stories from the lives of the wise Solomon, the mighty David, and the rich Korah, illustrating Jeremiah 9:23, hence the title:

Thus said the Lord: Let not the wise man glory in his wisdom (אל יתהלל חכם בחכמתו); Let not the strong man glory in his strength (ואל יתהלל הגבור בגבורתו); Let not the rich man glory in his riches (אל יתהלל עשיר בעשרו).  But only in this should one glory: In his earnest devotion to Me.  For I the Lord act with kindness, justice, and equity in the world; For in these I delight —declares the Lord.

The text has been published according to a manuscript at Munich by A. Jellinek, and according to a manuscript from Yemen by Grünhut, with valuable references to sources and parallels. The story of Solomon may be compared the passage cited in Jellinek; the history of David is similar to the midrash of Goliath; and that of Korach to the passage in the Midrash Tehillim.

Adolf Jellinek
Adolf Jellinek (Hebrew: אהרן ילינק Aharon Jelinek; 26 June 1821 in Drslavice, Moravia – 28 December 1893 in Vienna) was an Austrian rabbi and scholar. After filling clerical posts in Leipzig (1845–1856), he became a preacher at the Leopoldstädter Tempel in Vienna in 1856.
Lancia Fulvia
The Lancia Fulvia (Tipo 818) is a car produced by Lancia between 1963 and 1976. Named after Via Fulvia, the Roman road leading from Tortona to Turin, it was introduced at the Geneva Motor Show in 1963 and manufactured in three variants: Berlina 4-door saloon, 2-door Coupé, and Sport, an alternative fastback coupé designed and built by Zagato on the Coupé floorpan.

Fulvias are noted for their role in motorsport history, including a 1972 win of the International Rally Championship. Road & Track described the Fulvia as "a precision motorcar, an engineering tour de force".

Total production number of the Fulvia berlina was 192,097 cars, of the Fulvia Coupé 139,797 cars, and of the Fulvia Sport 7,102 cars.

Fastback
A fastback is an automotive styling feature, defined by the rear of the car having a single slope from the roof to the tail.

Some models, such as the Ford Mustang, have been marketed explicitly as fastbacks, often to differentiate them from other body styles (e.g. coupé models) in the same model range.
Expedition to Vyborg
The Expedition to Vyborg was a major military campaign undertaken by the Russians in winter of 1556. The main goal of the expedition was to inflict as much material and human damage on Swedish forces as possible, which would compel Stockholm to request a truce.

A new Russo-Swedish war started over border disputes began in 1554. Already in early 1555, the Russians were defeated at the fortress of Kivinebb by local militias. A major Swedish expedition aimed at capturing Oreshek was also unsuccessful.
By the end of 1555, Ivan the Terrible decided to end the military actions, and sent large forces on a punitive expedition to southern Finland. 
The Russian offensive proved successful. Significant trophies were captured and numerous prisoners were taken. After the success of this expedition, the Swedish King Gustav Vasa requested an armistice.

Gustav Vasa
Gustav Eriksson Vasa (12 May 1496 – 29 September 1560), also known as Gustav I, was King of Sweden from 1523 until his death in 1560. He was previously self-recognised Protector of the Realm (Riksföreståndare) from 1521, during the Swedish War of Liberation against King Christian II of Denmark, Norway and Sweden. Gustav rose to lead this war following the Stockholm Bloodbath, where his father was executed. Gustav's election as king on 6 June 1523 (the future National Day of Sweden) and his triumphant entry into Stockholm eleven days later marked Sweden's final secession from the Kalmar Union.

During his reign, Gustav initiated the Protestant Swedish reformation, transformed the country from an elective to a hereditary monarchy and established a standing army and navy.
Chain boat navigation
Chain-boat navigation  or chain-ship navigation is a little-known chapter in the history of shipping on European rivers. From around the middle of the 19th century, vessels called chain boats were used to haul strings of barges upstream by using a fixed chain lying on the bed of a river. The chain was raised from the riverbed to pass over the deck of the steamer, being hauled by a heavy winch powered by a steam engine. A variety of companies operated chain boat services on rivers such as the Elbe, Rhine, Neckar, Main, Saale, Havel, Spree and Saône as well as other rivers in Belgium and the Netherlands. Chain boats were also used in the United States.

The practice fell out of favour in the early 20th century when steamships with powerful engines and high-pressure boilers – able to overcome the force of the river current – became commonplace.

Havel
The Havel (German: [ˈhaːfl̩] ⓘ) is a river in northeastern Germany, flowing through the states of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Brandenburg, Berlin and Saxony-Anhalt. The 325-kilometre-long (202 mi) Havel is a right tributary of the Elbe. However, the direct distance from its source to its mouth is only 94 kilometres (58 mi). For much of its length, the Havel is navigable; it provides an important link in the waterway connections between the east and west of Germany, as well as beyond.