hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International VELUX Award for Students of Architecture
The International VELUX Award is for students of architecture in the theme of sunlight and daylight. The award is biennial and was first presented in 2004.

The award is for completed works on any scale from a small scale component to large urban contexts or abstract concepts and experimentation. The award is presented by VELUX in close cooperation with the International Union of Architects (UIA) and the European Association for Architectural Education (EAAE).

International Union of Architects
The International Union of Architects (French: Union internationale des Architectes; UIA) is an international non-governmental organization that represents the world's architects, estimated to have about 3.2 million members.
The Biggest Loser Australia season 1
The first season of the Australian version of the original NBC American reality television series The Biggest Loser premiered at 7pm each week night on Network Ten for 10 weeks from 13 February to 27 April 2006. The eventual winner, as decided by percentage of weight lost, was Adriano "Adro" Sarnelli, who won A$200,000. The host was announced as Ajay Rochester, who had previously gone through weight loss herself. American trainers Bob Harper and Jillian Michaels reprised their roles from the previous American version. Applications closed on 11 November 2005 with over 6,000 Australians having applied to take part. The finale was watched by 2.310 million Australian viewers.

At the beginning of the season, all contestants were given one 'last meal' of their favourite meals such as steak, spaghetti, chocolates, lasagna, lollies, alcohol, and other items.

The Biggest Loser (Australian TV series)
The Biggest Loser is an Australian reality television show, based on the original American version of the same name. It is produced by Shine Australia and screened on Network Ten. Since 2015, the show has been hosted by former contestant Fiona Falkiner, it was formerly hosted by Ajay Rochester from 2006 to 2009 & former Olympian Hayley Lewis from 2010 to 2014. The show debuted on 13 February 2006, followed by a second season on 4 February 2007 which introduced Michelle Bridges, Shannan Ponton and Steve Willis. The third season began airing on 3 February 2008. A fourth season, which features couples competing as teams, started airing on 1 February 2009. A fifth season, which aired on 31 January 2010, featuring former Olympic swimmer Hayley Lewis as the new host, and in 2011 the show introduced the new trainer Tiffiny Hall. In its eleventh season, the show introduced new trainer Libby Babet. The show did not return in 2018 due to low ratings.
Mañihuales River
Mañihuales River or Mañiguales River (Spanish: Río Mañihuales, Río Mañiguales) is a river in the Isthmus of Ofqui, Aysén Region, Chile. Mañihuales River flows in a SE direction into the Gulf of San Esteban, close to the Bay of San Quintín. At its estuary it joints with San Tadeo River. The river drains much of the swampy Isthmus of Ofqui and originates near Presidente Ríos Lake.

Indigenous canoe-faring Chonos used the rivers as part of a north–south route that traversed the Taitao Peninsula and Isthmus of Ofqui. This route was unknown to the colonial Spanish who used San Tadeo River for the same purpose.

Presidente Ríos Lake
Presidente Ríos Lake (Spanish pronunciation: [pɾesiˈðente ˈri.os]) is located in the Aysén del General Carlos Ibáñez del Campo Region of Chile. It lies in the middle of the Taitao Peninsula.

While the lake's existence only became known in Chile in 1945, it appears to have been known by Chono natives, who led 19 survivors of HMS Wager (including Captain David Cheap and Midshipman John Byron) from Wager Island through it in 1742. The Chonos, who often had a hostile relationship with the Spanish, kept the lake secret from them despite serving the Spanish as maritime pilots. Despite official discovery in 1945, the lake was already known to seafarers from Chiloé.
Daniel Czepko von Reigersfeld
Daniel Czepko von Reigersfeld (1605–1660) was a German Lutheran poet and dramatist, known for his mystical verse influenced by Jacob Böhme. "Czepko" was his family name, so he is commonly known as Daniel Czepko.

Jakob Böhme
Jakob Böhme (/ˈbeɪmə, ˈboʊ-/; German: [ˈbøːmə]; 24 April 1575 – 17 November 1624) was a German philosopher, Christian mystic, and Lutheran Protestant theologian. He was considered an original thinker by many of his contemporaries within the Lutheran tradition, and his first book, commonly known as Aurora, caused a great scandal. In contemporary English, his name may be spelled Jacob Boehme (retaining the older German spelling); in seventeenth-century England it was also spelled Behmen, approximating the contemporary English pronunciation of the German Böhme.

Böhme had a profound influence on later philosophical movements such as German idealism and German Romanticism. Hegel described Böhme as "the first German philosopher".
Qalilu
Qalilu (Persian: قليلو, also Romanized as Qalīlū) is a village in Bakeshluchay Rural District, in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 239, in 65 families.

Bakeshluchay Rural District
Bakeshluchay Rural District (Persian: دهستان بکشلوچای) is in the Central District of Urmia County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Emamzadeh. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Kashtiban.
Lindsay De Vylder
Lindsay De Vylder (born 30 May 1995) is a Belgian cyclist, who currently rides for UCI ProTeam Team Flanders–Baloise. He represented Belgium at the 2020 (as a reserve) and 2024 Summer Olympics where he finished 7th in the men's team pursuit but a disappointing 10th in the men's madison at the side of Fabio Van den Bossche.

2013 European Track Championships (under-23 & junior)
The 2013 European Track Championships are the European Championships for track cycling. The junior and under 23 riders events took place at the Velódromo Nacional de Sangalhos in Anadia, Portugal from 9 to 14 July 2013.

This year, the women's team pursuit event differed in that the number of riders in each team had increased from 3 to 4, and correspondingly, the distance covered changed from 3 km to 4 km.
Cuasso al Monte
Cuasso al Monte is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Varese in the Italian region Lombardy, located about 50 kilometres (31 mi) northwest of Milan and about 6 kilometres (4 mi) northeast of Varese. As of 31 December 2004, it had a population of 3,252 and an area of 16.4 square kilometres (6.3 sq mi). It takes the name from the Lombard term Chaos, (den). Whereas the term "al monte" refers to the fact that it is situated at the foot of Monte Piambello.

Cuasso al Monte borders the following municipalities: Arcisate, Besano, Bisuschio, Brusimpiano, Cugliate-Fabiasco, Marchirolo, Marzio, Porto Ceresio, Valganna. The Village makes part of the Cinque Vette Park and it lies at the foot of Monte Piambello.

Bisuschio
Bisuschio is a town and comune located in the province of Varese, in the Lombardy region of northern Italy. The frazione of the city are Ponte, Ravasina, Molino del Frec, Centro, Zerbi, Piamo, Molino dei Prati, Rossaga, Roncaccio, and Pogliana.
Avidyā (Hinduism)
Avidyā is a Sanskrit word that can translate as ignorance, misconceptions, misunderstandings, or incorrect knowledge; it is the opposite of Vidya. It is used extensively in Hindu texts, including the Upanishads, and in other Indian religions such as Buddhism and Jainism, particularly in the context of metaphysical reality.

Avidyā, in all Dharmic systems, represents fundamental ignorance and misperception of the phenomenal world. However, the Indian religions disagree on the details, for example with Hinduism considering a denial and misconceptions of Atman (soul, self) as a form of Avidya, and Buddhism considering the denial and misconceptions of An-atman (non-soul, non-self) as a form of Avidya.

Ignorance
Ignorance is a lack of knowledge, information and understanding.  Deliberate ignorance is a culturally-induced phenomenon, the study of which is called agnotology.

The word "ignorant" is an adjective that describes a person in the state of being unaware, or even cognitive dissonance and other cognitive relation, and can describe individuals who are unaware of important information or facts. Ignorance can appear in three different types: factual ignorance (absence of knowledge of some fact), object ignorance (unacquaintance with some object), and technical ignorance (absence of knowledge of how to do something).
Austin North House
The Austin North House, also known as The Castle, is a historic house in Billings, Montana. It was built in 1902-1903 for Austin North, his wife née Hattie Swartz, and their five children. North was a native of Iowa and he split his time between Billings and San Antonio, Texas. He was the president of the North Real Estate Investment Company, a real estate, mortgage and insurance company. He died in 1928.  By the 1970s, the house was in mixed use, with stores on the first floor and residential apartments on the upper floors.

The house was designed in the Medieval style by Link & Haire, a prolific Montana-based architectural firm. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 23, 1977.

National Register of Historic Places listings in Yellowstone County, Montana
This is a list of the National Register of Historic Places listings in Yellowstone County, Montana. It is intended to be a complete list of the properties and districts on the National Register of Historic Places in Yellowstone County, Montana, United States. The locations of National Register properties and districts for which the latitude and longitude coordinates are included below, may be seen in a map.

There are 47 properties and districts listed on the National Register in the county, including 2 National Historic Landmarks.

This National Park Service list is complete through NPS recent listings posted December 12, 2025.
USS Maddox (DD-168)
USS Maddox (DD–168) was a Wickes-class destroyer in the United States Navy during World War I. She was later transferred to the Royal Navy as HMS Georgetown  (I40), to the Royal Canadian Navy as HMCS Georgetown, and then to the Soviet Navy as Doblestny  (or Zhyostky; sources vary). She was the last "four piper" destroyer to be scrapped.

Wickes-class destroyer
The Wickes-class destroyers were a class of 111 destroyers built by the United States Navy in 1917–1919. Together with the six preceding ships of the Caldwell class and the succeeding 156 subsequent Clemson-class destroyers, they were grouped as the "flush-deck" or "four-stack" type. Only a few were completed in time to serve in World War I, including USS Wickes, the lead ship of the class.

While some were scrapped in the 1930s, the rest served throughout World War II. Most of these were converted to other uses; nearly all in U.S. service had half their boilers and one or more stacks removed to increase fuel and range or accommodate troops. Others were transferred to the British Royal Navy and the Royal Canadian Navy, some of which were later transferred to the Soviet Navy. All were scrapped within a few years after World War II.
Mong Bridge
The Mong Bridge (Cầu Mống in Vietnamese, "Rainbow bridge") is a steel bridge across the Bến Nghé River, connecting District 1 and District 4 of Ho Chi Minh City. It is one of the oldest bridges in that city. Originally named Pont des Messageries maritimes, it was built in 1882 by Gustave Eiffel for the merchant shipping company Messageries maritimes, replacing a ferry route.  The bridge was completely removed in 2005 during the construction of the Saigon River Tunnel and afterwards rebuilt, turning it from a road bridge into a footbridge. In addition, the previous statue of An Duong Vuong holding a magic crossbow was also dismantled.

Saigon River Tunnel
The Saigon River Tunnel, more popular in Vietnam as the Thu Thiem Tunnel is an underwater tunnel that opened on November 20, 2011. It runs underneath the Saigon River in Ho Chi Minh City, the largest city of Vietnam. The tunnel was built with capital from JICA's ODA, in conjunction with a consortium of Japanese contractors. The tunnel connects the existing urban center of Ho Chi Minh City with Thu Thiem New Urban Area in Thủ Đức. The Saigon River Tunnel is part of the East-West Highway, an important road project under construction to ease the congestion of transport in the inner city as well as transportation from downtown to the Mekong Delta region. The existing downtown was previously only linked with the Thu Thiem New Urban Area by many bridges, namely: Thủ Thiêm Bridge, Phú Mỹ Bridge and Ba Son Bridge.
History of Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority
The Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority was created as the first public mass transit agency in metropolitan Atlanta. Its formation in 1965 was a result of the campaigning efforts of governmental planning agencies and Atlanta businessmen. The system broke ground on its rail system in 1975.

Atlanta Transit Company
The Atlanta Transit Company (ATC) was a public transport operator based in Atlanta, Georgia, which existed from 1950 to 1972. It was the immediate predecessor of the Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority (MARTA).
1999 Oregon Ducks football team
The 1999 Oregon Ducks football team represented the University of Oregon as a member of the Pacific-10 Conference (Pac-10) during the 1999 NCAA Division I-A football season. Led by fifth-year head coach Mike Bellotti, the Ducks compiled an overall record of 9–3 with a mark of 6–2 in conference play, tying for second place in the Pac-10. Oregon was invited to the Sun Bowl, where the Ducks beat Minnesota. The team played home games at Autzen Stadium in Eugene, Oregon.

Autzen Stadium
Autzen Stadium is an outdoor football stadium in Eugene, Oregon, United States. Located north of the University of Oregon campus, it is the home field of the Oregon Ducks of the Big Ten Conference. Opened in 1967, the stadium has undergone several expansions. The official seating capacity is presently 54,000 to 60,000 (with SRO); however, the actual attendance regularly exceeds that figure.
2011 Al Habtoor Tennis Challenge
The 2011 Al Habtoor Tennis Challenge was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the tenth edition of the tournament which was part of the 2011 ITF Women's Circuit. It took place in Dubai, United Arab Emirates between 28 November to 3 December.

2011 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2011 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2011 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
David M. Kelly
David Marsh Kelly (born February 11, 1841; disappeared January 21, 1916) was an American lawyer and Republican politician from Green Bay, Wisconsin.  He was the 29th speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly (1879) and also served two years in the Wisconsin Senate (1880, 1881), representing Brown County. He disappeared mysteriously in 1916 and was never heard from again.

Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly
The Speaker of the Wisconsin State Assembly is the presiding officer of the Wisconsin State Assembly, the lower house of the Wisconsin Legislature.  Article IV of the Constitution of Wisconsin, ratified in 1848, establishes the legislature and specifies the election of officers.  The role and responsibilities of the speaker are defined in the Assembly Rules, originally in Rule 1, and also, under the present rules, Rule 3.
2013 Open 88 Contrexéville
The 2013 Open 88 Contrexéville was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Contrexéville, France, on 15–21 July 2013.

2013 ITF Women's Circuit
The 2013 ITF Women's Circuit is the 2013 edition of the second-tier tour for women's professional tennis. It is organised by the International Tennis Federation and is a tier below the WTA Tour. The ITF Women's Circuit includes tournaments with prize money ranging from $10,000 up to $100,000.
Attack on Titan: The Musical
Attack on Titan: The Musical is a 2023 musical theatre adaptation of the manga and anime series of the same name. The script is written by Masafumi Hata, based on a story by Hajime Isayama, with music by KEN the 390. Gō Ueki is slated to be the director of the production.

The Japanese-language musical premiered at the Orix Theater in Osaka, Japan on January 7, 2023 before moving to Tokyo. Internationally, it was performed in Japanese with English subtitles at the New York City Center in Midtown Manhattan, New York from 11 to 13 October 2024.

Hajime Isayama
Hajime Isayama (Japanese: 諫山 創, Hepburn: Isayama Hajime; born August 29, 1986) is a Japanese manga artist. His first series, Attack on Titan (2009–2021), became one of the best-selling manga series of all time with 140 million copies in circulation as of November 2023. He was awarded the Kodansha Manga Award in 2011, a Harvey Award in 2014, and was honored with the Fauve Spécial award at the 50th Angoulême International Comics Festival in 2023.
Inverter (logic gate)
In digital logic, an inverter or NOT gate is a logic gate which implements logical negation. It outputs a bit opposite of the bit that is put into it. The bits are typically implemented as two differing voltage levels.

PMOS logic
PMOS or pMOS logic, from p-channel metal–oxide–semiconductor, is a family of digital circuits based on p-channel, enhancement mode metal–oxide–semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs). In the late 1960s and early 1970s, PMOS logic was the dominant semiconductor technology for large-scale integrated circuits before being superseded by NMOS and CMOS devices.
Chauranga
Chauranga is a 2016 Hindi film. It is the debut feature film of Indian writer-director Bikas Ranjan Mishra, produced by Onir and Sanjay Suri. The film was developed at the Screenwriters' Lab organized by the National Film Development Corporation of India in collaboration with the Locarno Film Festival and the ScriptStation of Berlinale Talent Campus, a part of the Berlin International Film Festival.                       The film won the Golden Gateway of India Award for Best Film (India Gold 2014) at the 16th Mumbai Film Festival.

The film was  released worldwide on 8 January 2016.

Riddhi Sen
Riddhi Sen is an Indian film actor who predominantly works in Bengali films along with a few Hindi films. He is the youngest actor in India to receive the National Film Award for Best Actor for his performance in the film Nagarkirtan.

He is also known for his work in several other film productions. In 2019, Film Companion ranked Sen's performance in Nagarkirtan among 100 Greatest Performances of the decade.
2020 Potchefstroom Open
The 2020 Potchefstroom Open was a professional tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2020 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Potchefstroom, South Africa between 10 and 15 March 2020. The tournament was canceled prior to completion due to the coronavirus pandemic.

2020 ATP Challenger Tour
The ATP Challenger Tour in 2020 was the secondary professional tennis circuit organized by the ATP. The 2020 ATP Challenger Tour calendar comprised 57 tournaments with prize money ranging from $35,000 up to $162,480. It was the 43rd edition of challenger tournaments cycle and 12th under the name of Challenger Tour.

The Challenger Tour was suspended between 13 March and 16 August due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
Vallebona
Vallebona (Ligurian: Valebona) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Imperia in the Italian region Liguria, located about 120 kilometres (75 mi) southwest of Genoa and about 30 kilometres (19 mi) west of Imperia.  
Vallebona borders the following municipalities: Bordighera, Ospedaletti, Perinaldo, San Biagio della Cima, Seborga, Soldano, and Vallecrosia.

Seborga
Seborga (Ligurian: A Seborca/A Seburca) is a small village in the Italian region of Liguria near the French border. Administratively, it is a comune of the Italian province of Imperia, but since 1963 it has also been claimed as the Principality of Seborga, an unrecognized micronation. The main economic activities are horticulture and tourism. The population is 283 as of 2025. It is on the register of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").
Ruling T-260/12
Ruling T-260/12 refers to a constitutional action for the protection of fundamental rights, hereinafter referred to as Tutela, decided by the Constitutional Court of Colombia. It is a landmark decision in the protection of the fundamental rights of children in connection with the use of social networks.

In protecting a child's rights to data privacy and honour, the court ordered the immediate closure of a Facebook account that was opened by a father in the name of his child. Because the case involves a minor, no details of her identity are mentioned in the ruling. The child is referred as XX, the mother of the child as AA and the father as BB.

Constitutional Court of Colombia
The Constitutional Court of Colombia (Spanish: Corte Constitucional de Colombia) is the supreme constitutional court of Colombia. Part of the Judiciary, it is the final appellate court for matters involving interpretation of the Constitution with the power to determine the constitutionality of laws, acts, and statutes.

The court was established by the Constitution of 1991, alongside the Supreme Court of Justice, Council of State, and Superior Council of Judicature. Its first session began in March 1992. The court is housed within the shared judicial complex of the Palace of Justice located on the north side of Plaza de Bolívar in the La Candelaria neighborhood of Bogotá.

The Constitutional Court consists of nine magistrates who are elected by the Senate of Colombia from ternary lists drawn up by the President, the Supreme Court of Justice, and the Council of State. The magistrates serve for a term of eight years. The court is headed by a President and Deputy President.
WKRN-TV
WKRN-TV (channel 2) is a television station in Nashville, Tennessee, United States, affiliated with ABC and owned by Nexstar Media Group. The station's studios are located on Murfreesboro Road (U.S. Routes 41 and 70S) on Nashville's southeast side, and its transmitter is located in Forest Hills, Tennessee.

Standard-definition television
Standard-definition television (SDTV; also standard definition or SD) is a digital television system that uses a resolution that is not considered to be either high or enhanced definition. Standard refers to offering a similar resolution to the analog broadcast systems used when it was introduced.
Real Canoe NC (basketball)
Real Canoe Natación Club is the basketball team of this club based in Madrid, Spain. The section was founded in 1940.

The men's team played in the top division of Spanish basketball from 1957 to 1965, but nowadays plays in LEB Oro. The women's team was Liga Femenina champion three times, but now plays in Liga Femenina 2.

Copa de la Reina de Baloncesto
The Copa de la Reina de Baloncesto (English: Queen's Cup of Basketball) is an annual cup competition for Spanish women's basketball teams. The first edition of the competition, originally named Women's Senior Basketball Championship, took place in 1943, which makes it the oldest Spanish women's basketball competition, but it was only since 1978, when it took its current name, that it has been carried every year. The 2012 cup marked the 50th edition of the competition.

The cup is played by the top teams of the Spanish Women's League's table in the mid of the season. After several formats in previous years, the 2019 edition reverted to the Final Eight format.

CB Avenida is the defending champion and in 2019 won its eighth title,  surpassing both Ros Casares and Picadero JC as the most successful team in the competition.