hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
International Panorama Council
The International Panorama Council (IPC) is a nongovernmental, not-for-profit organization, subject to Swiss law. It is a global network involving museum directors, managers, artists, restorers and historians who deal with the historical or the contemporary art and media forms of the panorama. The organization comprises members from all over the world who are either representatives of museums and research institutes or private researchers and enthusiasts.
The organization was founded in 1992 as the European Panorama Conference in Szeged, Hungary, and renamed in 1998 in Altötting, Germany, at the International Panorama Conference. Since 2003 the organization is called International Panorama Council. IPC has been a Membership Association since 2010. It is governed by a member-elected Executive Board whose Secretary-general acts as the operational center for the Board’s members.

Altötting
Altötting (German pronunciation: [altˈʔœtɪŋ] ⓘ, lit. 'Old Ötting', in contrast to "New Ötting"; Bavarian: Oideding, pronounced [ɔidˈɛːde̝ŋ]) is a town in Bavaria, capital of the district Altötting of Germany.  For 500 years it has been the scene of religious pilgrimages by Catholics in honor of Mary, including a visit by Pope John Paul II in 1980 and one by Pope Benedict XVI in 2006.
Yoshiyuki Matsuoka
Yoshiyuki Matsuoka (松岡義之, Matsuoka Yoshiyuki; born on 6 March 1957, in Hyogo, Japan) is a retired judoka from Japan, who represented Japan at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California. Matsuoka won the gold medal in the men's half-lightweight division (‍–‍65 kg), after having defeated South Korea's Hwang Jung-Oh in the final by Seoi Nage. He trained under 4 time world champion Shozo Fujii (1971–1979).

As of 2007, Matsuoka coaches the Komatsu Limited judo club. Among his students are world champions & olympic medalists Ayumi Tanimoto, Miku Tashiro, and Tsukasa Yoshida.

Ayumi Tanimoto
Ayumi Tanimoto (谷本 歩実, Tanimoto Ayumi) born 4 August 1981, in Anjo, Aichi, is a Japanese judoka. She was coached by Toshihiko Koga, who is a gold medalist at the Barcelona Olympics and a silver medalist at the Atlanta Olympics Men's Judo.
Tanimoto won the Women's ‍–‍63 kg category gold medal at the Athens Olympics in 2004 and at the Beijing Olympics in 2008.

In September 2005, she won the silver medal at the World judo championships in Cairo, Egypt.
Anthriscus sylvestris
Anthriscus sylvestris, known as cow parsley, wild chervil, wild beaked parsley, Queen Anne's lace or keck, is a herbaceous biennial or short-lived perennial plant in the family Apiaceae (Umbelliferae). It is also sometimes called mother-die (especially in the UK), a name that is also applied to the common hawthorn. It is native to Europe, western Asia and northwestern Africa. It is related to other diverse members of Apiaceae, such as parsley, carrot, hemlock and hogweed.  It is often confused with Daucus carota, another member of the Apiaceae also known as "Queen Anne's lace" or "wild carrot".

Crataegus monogyna
Crataegus monogyna, known as common hawthorn, whitethorn, one-seed hawthorn, or single-seeded hawthorn, is a species of flowering plant in the rose family, Rosaceae. It grows to about 10 metres (33 feet) tall, producing hermaphrodite flowers in late spring. The berry-like pomes (known as haws) contain a stone-encased seed.

The plant is native to Europe, but has been introduced in many other parts of the world. The pome flesh is of little culinary interest due to its dryness, but is used to make jellies. The young leaves and petals are also edible.
David Goodall (botanist)
David William Goodall AM (4 April 1914 – 10 May 2018) was an English-born Australian botanist and ecologist. He was influential in the early development of statistical methods in plant communities. He worked as researcher and professor in England, Australia, Ghana and the United States. He was editor-in-chief of the 30-volume Ecosystems of the World series of books, and author of over 100 publications. He was known as Australia's oldest working scientist, still editing ecology papers at age 103. Long an advocate of voluntary euthanasia legalisation, he ended his own life in Switzerland via physician-assisted suicide aged 104.

Voluntary euthanasia
Voluntary euthanasia is the purposeful ending of another person's life at their request, in order to relieve them of suffering. Voluntary euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (PAS) have been the focus of intense debate in the 21st century, surrounding the idea of a right to die. Some forms of voluntary euthanasia are legal in Australia, Belgium, Canada, Colombia, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Switzerland, Spain and Uruguay.

Voluntary refusal of food and fluids (VRFF), also called voluntarily stopping eating and drinking (VSED) or Patient Refusal of Nutrition and Hydration (PRNH), will similarly result in death. Some authors classify this voluntary action as a form of passive euthanasia, while others treat it separately because it is treated differently from legal point of view, and often perceived as a more ethical option. VRFF is sometimes suggested as a legal alternative to euthanasia in jurisdictions disallowing euthanasia.
2021 Troy Trojans football team
The 2021 Troy Trojans football team represented Troy University in the 2021 NCAA Division I FBS football season. The Trojans played their home games at Veterans Memorial Stadium in Troy, Alabama, and competed in the East Division of the Sun Belt Conference.

Prior to the season, Luke Meadows took over as the team's offensive coordinator after the departure of Ryan Pugh.

Troy, Alabama
Troy is a city in and the county seat of Pike County, Alabama, United States. It was formally incorporated on February 4, 1843.

Between  1763 and 1783, the area where Troy sits was part of the colony of British West Florida. After 1783, the region fell under the jurisdiction of the newly created United States of America.

As of the 2020 census, its population was 17,727, down from 18,033 in 2010. The 2022 estimated population was 17,774. The City of Troy had previously been considered one of the fastest-growing cities in Alabama. Troy is home to Troy University, the fourth-largest university in total enrollment in Alabama.
Ray Woodard
Ray Woodard (born August 20, 1961) is an American football coach and former player. He is the defensive coordinator for the Madrid Bravos of the European League of Football (ELF). Woodward was the head football coach of the Lamar Cardinals football from 2008 to 2016. He spent four seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the San Diego Chargers, Denver Broncos, and Kansas City Chiefs, during which he played in nine games all during the strike-shortened 1987 season. He played three games as a "scab" for Denver, the year they went to Super Bowl XXII, but he was ineligible to share in the bonus as he resigned with the Chiefs. Woodard played college football at Kilgore College and the University of Texas at Austin.

Kilgore College
Kilgore College (KC) is a public community college in Kilgore, Texas. It has an annual enrollment in excess of 5,000 students and is accredited by the Southern Association of Colleges and Schools Commission on Colleges to award the associate degree. The college was established in 1935 at the height of the East Texas oil boom, and as such, is home to the East Texas Oil Museum which houses a large collection of memorabilia documenting this period of Texas history. It is also famous for having the first ever dance-drill team, the Kilgore College Rangerettes, which began in 1940 under the direction of Gussie Nell Davis.
Jack Cronin (American football)
John Patrick Cronin (May 3, 1903 – January 18, 1993) was an American professional football player who played four seasons with the Providence Steam Roller of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at Boston College.

Providence Steam Roller
The Providence Steam Roller was a professional American football team based in Providence, Rhode Island in the National Football League (NFL) from 1925 to 1931. Providence was the first New England team to win an NFL championship. The Steam Roller won the league's championship in 1928, which is the latest NFL championship win by a defunct team to date. Most of their home games were played at the Cycledrome, a 10,000-seat stadium that was built as a velodrome for bicycle races.
Shelley Moore Capito
Shelley Wellons Moore Capito (/ˈkæpɪtoʊ/ KAP-ih-toh; born November 26, 1953) is an American politician serving as the senior United States senator from West Virginia. A member of the Republican Party, Capito served from 2001 to 2015 as the U.S. representative from West Virginia's 2nd congressional district. She is the daughter of three-term West Virginia governor and six-term U.S. representative Arch Alfred Moore Jr.

Capito was first elected to the Senate in 2014, becoming the first woman elected to the U.S. Senate from West Virginia and the first West Virginia Republican to win a full term in the Senate since 1942. She was reelected in 2020.

Capito has chaired the Environment and Public Works Committee since 2025, and is the dean of West Virginia's congressional delegation.

Tom Cotton
Thomas Bryant Cotton (born May 13, 1977) is an American politician and former Army officer serving since 2015 as the junior United States senator from Arkansas. From 2013 to 2015 he served in the U.S. House of Representatives, representing Arkansas's 4th congressional district. He is a member of the Republican Party.

Cotton was elected to the House in 2012 and to the Senate in 2014, defeating incumbent Mark Pryor. He chairs the Senate Republican Conference and the Senate Intelligence Committee. Cotton is known for his hawkish foreign policy views, especially toward China, Iran, and Palestine.
Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad
The Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad (DE&G) was built as a short line railroad operating in Kansas, and Oklahoma.  Incorporated in Oklahoma as the Denver, Enid and Gulf Railroad Company, March 31, 1902, by the five Frantz Brothers.

St. Louis–San Francisco Railway
The St. Louis–San Francisco Railway (reporting mark SLSF), commonly known as the "Frisco", was a railroad that operated in the Midwest and South Central United States from 1876 to November 21, 1980. At the end of 1970, it operated 4,547 miles (7,318 km) of road on 6,574 miles (10,580 km) of track, not including subsidiaries Quanah, Acme and Pacific Railway and the Alabama, Tennessee and Northern Railroad.  That year, it reported 12,795 million ton-miles of revenue freight and no passengers. In 1980 it was purchased by and absorbed into the Burlington Northern Railroad.  Despite its name, it never came close to San Francisco.
Stranger on the Third Floor
Stranger on the Third Floor is a 1940 American film noir directed by Boris Ingster in his directorial debut and starring Peter Lorre, John McGuire, Margaret Tallichet, and Charles Waldron, and featuring Elisha Cook Jr. It was written by Frank Partos.  Modern research has shown that Nathanael West wrote the final version of the screenplay, but was uncredited.

Stranger on the Third Floor is often cited as the first "true" film noir of the classic period (1940–1959), though other films that fit the genre such as Rebecca and They Drive by Night were released earlier. Nonetheless, it has many of the hallmarks of film noir: an urban setting, heavy shadows, diagonal lines, voice-over narration, a dream sequence, low camera angles shooting up multi-story staircases, and an innocent protagonist desperate to clear himself after being falsely accused of a crime.

Elisha Cook Jr.
Elisha Vanslyck Cook Jr. (December 26, 1903 – May 18, 1995) was an American character actor famed for his work in film noir. He played cheerful, brainy collegiates until he was cast against type as the bug-eyed baby-faced killer Wilmer Cook in the 1941 version of The Maltese Falcon. He went on to play deceptively mild-mannered villains. Cook's acting career spanned more than 60 years, with roles in productions including The Big Sleep, Shane, The Killing, House on Haunted Hill and Rosemary's Baby.
Xiluva
Xiluva (from the Tsonga word meaning "flower") was a South African political party launched in March 2023 by former ActionSA Gauteng provincial chairperson, and former Executive Mayor of the Midvaal Local Municipality for the Democratic Alliance, Bongani Baloyi.

ActionSA
ActionSA is a political party in South Africa established in 2020 by Herman Mashaba, a former mayor of Johannesburg, shortly after he left the Democratic Alliance (DA).

The party states that it has been established to "set South Africa free from the restraints of a broken political system and build a prosperous, non-racial and secure future for all its people." and that it follows the ideal of "Act as One to build a prosperous, non-racial and secure future for all South Africans."

In the 2024 general election, ActionSA won six seats in the National Assembly with 1.2% of the vote.  In June 2024, ActionSA declined an invitation to join the ANC-led Government of National Unity.
Bolesław II of Masovia
Bolesław II of Masovia or Bolesław II of Płock (pl: Bolesław II mazowiecki (płocki); ca. 1253/58 – 20 April 1313), was a Polish prince, member of the House of Piast, Duke of Masovia during 1262-1275 jointly with his brother, after 1275 sole ruler over Płock, after 1294 ruler over all Masovia and Duke of Kraków and Sandomierz during 1288-1289. In 1310 he gave to his sons the districts of Warsaw and Czersk. Also High duke of Poland twice (1288, 1289).

Wenceslaus II of Bohemia
Wenceslaus II Přemyslid (Czech: Václav II.; Polish: Wacław II Czeski; 27 September 1271 – 21 June 1305) was King of Bohemia (1278–1305), Duke of Cracow (1291–1305), and King of Poland (1296–1305).

He was the only surviving son of King Ottokar II of Bohemia and Ottokar's second wife Kunigunda. He was born in 1271, ten years after the marriage of his parents. Kunigunda was the daughter of Rostislav Mikhailovich, lord of Slavonia, son of a Grand Prince of Kiev, and Anna of Hungary, daughter of Béla IV of Hungary. His great-grandfather was the German king Philip of Swabia. Wenceslaus II was the grandfather of the Holy Roman Emperor, Charles IV. He was a member of the Přemyslid dynasty.
Phoebe Pember
Phoebe Yates Levy Pember (August 18, 1823 – March 4, 1913) was an American nurse and female administrator of Chimborazo Hospital at Richmond, Virginia. She was from a prominent Jewish family from Charleston, South Carolina. She assumed the responsibility informally at the age of 39 and eventually over 15,000 patients came under her direct care during the war.

Chimborazo Hospital
Chimborazo Hospital was a Civil War-era facility built in Richmond, Virginia to service the medical needs of the Confederate Army. It functioned between 1862 and 1865 in what is now Chimborazo Park, treating over 76,000 injured Confederate soldiers. During its existence, the hospital admitted nearly 78,000 patients and between 6,500 and 8,000 of these patients died. This mortality rate of between 8.3 and 10.3 percent is among the lowest such rates of period military hospitals.

After the war, the Hospital became a refuge for freed slaves.
John Dolinsky
John Dolinsky is a German-American retired soccer player who played professionally in the Major Indoor Soccer League, American Soccer League, United Soccer League and American Indoor Soccer Association.  He also coached in the American Indoor Soccer Association where he was the 1989 Coach of the Year.

American Soccer League (1933–1983)
The American Soccer League has been a name used by four different professional soccer sports leagues in the United States. The second American Soccer League was established in summer 1933 following the collapse of the original American Soccer League, which lasted from 1921 until spring 1933. The new league was created on a smaller scale and with smaller budgets. This league existed until over-expansion and financial limitations led to its collapse in 1983. Two successor leagues later operated.
Dominican Provisional Government Junta
The Dominican Provisional Government Junta was a day-long military junta established after the coup that overthrew the democratically elected Juan Bosch on September 25, 1963. Headed by General Imbert Barrera, Luis Amiamo Tio, & Victor Elby Vinas Roman it called the leader of 6 right-leaning parties to come together and help form government in the wake of the coup leading to the Triumvirate of 1963.

Juan Bosch (politician)
Juan Emilio Bosch y Gaviño (30 June 1909 – 1 November 2001), also known as El Profesor (Spanish for the Teacher), was a Dominican politician, historian, writer, essayist, educator, and the first democratically elected president of the Dominican Republic for seven months in 1963.

Juan Bosch was a leading opponent against the dictatorial regime of Rafael Trujillo, spending over two decades as the leader of the Dominican opposition while in exile. In 1939, he helped found the Dominican Revolutionary Party (PRD) and returned to the Dominican Republic months after Trujillo's assassination in 1961, winning the first free elections in decades. In 1973, he founded the Dominican Liberation Party (PLD). He is remembered as an honest politician and regarded as one of the most prominent short-story writers in Dominican literature.
Loveship
"Loveship" is a collaboration single by South Korean singers Paul Kim and Chung Ha released on January 21, 2020, by MNH Entertainment and Neuron Music and distributed by Kakao M. The acoustic version was released on January 29, 2020.

Paul Kim (musician, born 1988)
Kim Tae-hyeong (Korean: 김태형; born February 11, 1988), better known as Paul Kim (폴킴) is a South Korean singer-songwriter. He debuted in 2014 and has released two extended plays and two full-length albums, one in two parts: The Road (2017) and Tunnel (2018), and one also in two parts: Heart, One (2019) and Heart, Two (2020).
Rahn+Bodmer
Rahn+Bodmer Co. is a Swiss private bank specialized in investment advisory and asset management. The company was founded in Zürich in 1750 as a silk trading house and today is the oldest private bank in Zürich. Its form is a limited partnership now with five liable partners. For several generations the company has been owned by the Zürich families of Rahn, Bodmer and Bidermann.

Private bank
Private banks are banks owned by either the individual or a general partner(s) with limited partner(s). Private banks are not incorporated. In any such case, creditors can look to both the "entirety of the bank's assets" as well as the entirety of the sole-proprietor's/general-partners' assets.

Private banks have a long tradition in Switzerland, dating back to at least the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes (1685). Private banks also have a long tradition in the UK where C. Hoare & Co. has been in business since 1672.
Do! Run Run
Do! Run Run, also known as Super Pierrot (スーパーピエロ Sūpā Piero), is the fourth and final incarnation of Mr. Do!, the Universal video game mascot. Returning to his Mr. Do! roots, the clown has a bouncing powerball with which to hurl at monsters. Mr. Do runs along the playfield picking up dots and leaving a line behind him, which the player is encouraged to create closed off sections with. Precariously balanced log traps can be rolled downslope, crushing enemies. The resulting game is something of a cross between Mr. Do!, Congo Bongo, Pac-Man, and Qix.

Congo Bongo
Congo Bongo, also known as Tip Top, is a platform game released as an arcade video game by Sega in 1983. A message in the ROM indicates it was coded at least in part by the company Ikegami Tsushinki. The game is viewed in an isometric perspective, like Sega's earlier Zaxxon (1981), but does not scroll. Numerous home ports followed.

The player takes the role of a red-nosed safari explorer attempting to catch an ape named Bongo who set fire to the explorer's tent. The goal in each of the four screens is to move from the lower left corner to the location of the ape on the right or upper right. He must climb ledges, jump over water and gaps in the terrain, and avoid animal attackers.
Martin Pfister
Martin Pfister (Swiss Standard German pronunciation: [ˈmartiːn ˈpfɪstər]; born 31 July 1963) is a Swiss historian and politician of the Centre who has served as a Federal Councillor since 2025, heading the Federal Department of Defence, Civil Protection and Sport.

A trained teacher and an Oberst in the Swiss Army, having served for eight years in disaster response, he previously served as a Regierungsrat (Cantonal Minister) of Zug from 2016 to 2025, responsible for the health department.

Canton of Zug
The canton of Zug or canton of Zoug (German: Kanton Zug, Standard German: [tsuːk] ⓘ, Alemannic German: [tsuːɡ̊]; Romansh: Chantun Zug; French: Canton de Zoug; Italian: Canton Zugo) is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland. It is located in central Switzerland and its capital is Zug. At 239 km2 (92 sq mi) the canton is one of the smallest of the Swiss cantons in terms of area. It is not subdivided into districts, but eleven municipalities.
Rhod Gilbert
Rhodri Paul Gilbert (born 18 October 1968) is a Welsh comedian and television and radio presenter who was nominated in 2005 for the Perrier Best Newcomer Award. In 2008, he was nominated for the main comedy award (as the Edinburgh Comedy Awards were then branded).

Gilbert appears on television and radio panel shows, has performed stand-up on the Royal Variety Performance, and hosted a weekly show on BBC Radio Wales.

In September 2014, Gilbert started presenting the BBC Two panel show Never Mind the Buzzcocks, ending a run of five series without a permanent host.

Greg Davies
Gregory Daniel Davies (/ˈdeɪvɪs/ DAY-viss; born 14 May 1968) is a British comedian, actor, presenter, and writer. He is best known for his roles as Mr. Gilbert in The Inbetweeners (2008–2010), Greg in We Are Klang (2009), Ken Thompson in Cuckoo (2012–2019), Dan Davies in Man Down (2013–2017), and Paul "Wicky" Wickstead in The Cleaner (2021–2024). He also created Man Down and The Cleaner.

Davies has released two Netflix comedy specials, You Magnificent Beast (2018) and Full Fat Legend (2025). He is the host of the comedy panel game shows Taskmaster (2015–present) and Never Mind the Buzzcocks (2021–present) and has appeared on Mock the Week, Fast and Loose, Live at the Apollo, and Would I Lie to You?

For his performance in Cuckoo, Davies was nominated for the BAFTA Television Award for Best Male Comedy Performance in 2013.
Home Run (Joe Nichols song)
"Home Run" is a song recorded by American country music artist Joe Nichols. It was released as the lead single from his tenth album Good Day for Living on May 10, 2021, via Quartz Hill Records. The song was co-written by Ross Copperman, Dallas Davidson, and Ashley Gorley.

Ashley Gorley
Ashley Gorley (born April 29, 1977) is an American songwriter, publisher, and producer from Danville, Kentucky, who is based in Nashville, Tennessee. Gorley has written 81 number 1 songs and has over 400 songs recorded by artists including Luke Bryan, Jason Aldean, Florida Georgia Line, Carrie Underwood, Blake Shelton, Bon Jovi, Nate Smith, Thomas Rhett, Jason Derulo, Kelsea Ballerini, Morgan Wallen, and Dan + Shay.
Invariant basis number
In the mathematical field of ring theory, a ring R has the invariant basis number (IBN) property if all finitely generated free modules over R have a well-defined rank. In the case of fields, the IBN property is the fact that finite-dimensional vector spaces have a unique dimension.

Dimension (vector space)
In mathematics, the dimension of a vector space V is the cardinality (i.e., the number of vectors) of a basis of V over its base field. It is sometimes called Hamel dimension (after Georg Hamel) or algebraic dimension to distinguish it from other types of dimension.

For every vector space there exists a basis, and all bases of a vector space have equal cardinality; as a result, the dimension of a vector space is uniquely defined. We say  is finite-dimensional if the dimension of  is finite, and infinite-dimensional if its dimension is infinite.

The dimension of the vector space  over the field  can be written as  or as  read "dimension of  over ". When  can be inferred from context,  is typically written.