hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HD-MAC
HD-MAC (High Definition Multiplexed Analogue Components) was a broadcast television standard proposed by the European Commission in 1986, as part of Eureka 95 project. It belongs to the MAC - Multiplexed Analogue Components standard family. It is an early attempt by the EEC to provide high-definition television (HDTV) in Europe. It is a complex mix of analogue signal (based on the Multiplexed Analogue Components standard), multiplexed with digital sound, and assistance data for decoding (DATV). The video signal (1250 lines/50 fields per second in 16:9 aspect ratio, with 1152 visible lines) was encoded with a modified D2-MAC encoder.

HD-MAC could be decoded by normal D2-MAC standard definition receivers, but no extra resolution was obtained and certain artifacts were visible. To decode the signal in full resolution a specific HD-MAC tuner was required .

PAL
Phase Alternating Line (PAL) is a colour encoding system for analogue television. It was one of three major analogue colour television standards, the others being NTSC and SECAM. In most countries it was broadcast at 625 lines, 50 fields (25 frames) per second, and associated with CCIR analogue broadcast television systems B, D, G, H, I and K. The articles on analogue broadcast television systems further describe frame rates, image resolution, and audio modulation.

PAL was developed by Walter Bruch at Telefunken in Hanover, West Germany, with important input from Gerhard Mahler. The format was patented by Telefunken in December 1962, citing Bruch as inventor, and unveiled to members of the European Broadcasting Union (EBU) on 3 January 1963. When asked why the system was named "PAL" and not "Bruch", the inventor answered that a "Bruch system" would probably not have sold very well ("Bruch" is the German word for "breakage").
Hu Dunfu
Hu Dunfu (Chinese: 胡敦復; Wade–Giles: Hu Tun-fu; 1886 – December 1, 1978) was a Chinese mathematician and pioneer in higher education. He won a Qing government scholarship to study at Cornell University, and became the first dean of Tsinghua University at the age of 25. He was then briefly dean of Fudan University, before establishing Utopia University in 1912 and developing it into one of China's best private universities. He also served as head of the mathematics department of National Chiao Tung University and the first president of the Chinese Mathematical Society, which he co-founded in 1935.

Fudan University
Fudan University (FDU) is a public university in Yangpu, Shanghai, China. It is affiliated with the Ministry of Education and is co-funded with the Shanghai Municipal Government. The university is part of Project 211, Project 985, and the Double First-Class Construction.

The university was originally founded by the Chinese Jesuit priest Ma Xiangbo in 1905. It is a member of the C9 League.
Disney's Fantillusion
Disney's Fantillusion!, sometimes known by its full name: Disney's Fantillusion Parade, and sometimes called Fandy, was a regularly scheduled night-time parade, created by Ron Logan, that performed nightly at Disneyland Paris during its summer and winter seasons. It featured floats and live performers covered in thousands of electronically controlled lights and a synchronized soundtrack controlled by a Dual-tone multi-frequency signaling (DTMF) tone broadcast along the parade route. The parade was originally created for Tokyo Disneyland where it ran for six years from 1995 to 2001. An updated version of the Main Street Electrical Parade replaced Disney's Fantillusion at Tokyo Disneyland known as the Tokyo Disneyland Electrical Parade: DreamLights as Fantillusion was sent to Paris to become the Disney's Fantillusion Parade.

Le Château de la Belle au Bois Dormant
Le Château de la Belle au Bois Dormant (French for "The Castle of the Beauty in the Sleeping Forest", but known more roughly in English as "Sleeping Beauty Castle") is the fairy tale castle at the centre of Disneyland Park and a continuation of Sleeping Beauty Castle first seen at Disneyland in California.

The Castle features two attractions: a lower dungeon area in the base featuring an audio-animatronic dragon, La Tanière du Dragon ("The Lair of the Dragon"), and an upper concrete balcony walkthrough area with Sleeping Beauty–themed stained glass windows and tapestries, La Galerie de la Belle au Bois Dormant ("Sleeping Beauty Gallery"). There are also several shops selling glass figures, ornaments, and gifts.
Chung Ji-yi
Chung Ji-yi (Korean: 정지이; born 17 December 1977) is a South Korean business executive and the eldest daughter of Hyundai Group Chairwoman Hyun Jeong-eun and the late Chung Mong-hun, former chairman of Hyundai Group. She is the Executive Vice President at Hyundai Movex.

Chung Mong-hun
Chung Mong-hun (Korean: 정몽헌; September 14, 1948 – August 4, 2003) was the 5th son of Chung Ju-yung, the founder of the South Korean Hyundai conglomerate. After the death of his father, he took over part of his father's role and became the chairman of Hyundai Asan, the company in charge of various business ventures between North and South Korea. He committed suicide in 2003.
Nika Elisashvili
Nika Elisashvili (Georgian: ნიკა ელისაშვილი; born 24 February 1989) is a Georgian politician who has served as a Member of the Parliament of Georgia since 2024. Initially elected for the Georgian Dream–Democratic Georgia party, he left the ruling party's faction in 2025 and co-founded the parliamentary opposition group European Socialists.

Parliament of Georgia
The Parliament of Georgia (Georgian: საქართველოს პარლამენტი, romanized: sakartvelos p'arlament'i) is the supreme national legislature of Georgia. It is a unicameral parliament, currently consisting of 150 members elected through fully proportional election. The current convocation of the Georgian Parliament is 11th.

All members of the Parliament are elected for four years on the basis of universal suffrage. The Constitution of Georgia grants the Parliament of Georgia a legislative power, which is partially devolved to the legislatures of the autonomous republics of Adjara and Abkhazia.
Pyledriver
Pyledriver (foaled 14 March 2017) is a retired British Thoroughbred racehorse. After showing promise as a two-year-old in 2019, when he won two of four races including the Listed Ascendant Stakes, he improved in the following year to become a top-class middle-distance performer, winning the King Edward VII Stakes and the Great Voltigeur Stakes as well as finishing third in the St Leger. In 2021 he recorded his first Group 1 victory in the Coronation Cup. In 2022 he registered an upset victory the King George VI and Queen Elizabeth Stakes. He was ridden in fourteen of his first fifteen starts by Martin Dwyer.

King Edward VII Stakes
The King Edward VII Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts and geldings. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 1 mile 3 furlongs and 211 yards (2,406 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in June.

The event was established in 1834, and it was originally known as the Ascot Derby. In the early part of its history it was also open to fillies. The race was renamed in memory of King Edward VII in 1926.

The King Edward VII Stakes is currently held about two weeks after The Derby, and it usually features horses which were entered for that race. It is contested on the fourth day of the five-day Royal Ascot meeting.
Michael John Hurdzan
Michael John Hurdzan (born September 11, 1943) is an American golf course architect, author, and a retired United States Army colonel, who served with the United States Army Special Forces (Green Berets). He is a member and past president of the American Society of Golf Course Architects (ASGCA), who is noted for designing and renovating many golf courses and clubs, including U.S. Open golf courses.

Hurdzan is a recipient of the Old Tom Morris Award, the Donald Ross Award and the Don A. Rossi Award, the "triple crown" of his profession and an honor he shares only with Jack Nicklaus, Arnold Palmer, Byron Nelson, Robert Trent Jones Sr., Rees Jones and, as of 2015, Pete Dye.

U.S. Open (golf)
The United States Open Championship, commonly known as the U.S. Open, is the annual open national championship of golf in the United States. It is the third of the four men's major golf championships, and is on the official schedule of both the PGA Tour and the European Tour. Since 1898 the competition has been 72 holes of stroke play (4 rounds on an 18-hole course), with the winner being the player with the lowest total number of strokes. It is staged by the United States Golf Association (USGA) in mid-June, scheduled so that, if there are no weather delays, the final round is played on the third Sunday. The U.S. Open is staged at a variety of courses, set up in such a way that scoring is very difficult, with a premium placed on accurate driving. As of 2024, the U.S. Open awards a $21.5 million purse, the largest of all four major championships.
Something to Sing About (1947 film)
Something to Sing About (French: Histoire de chanter) is a 1947 French musical comedy film directed by Gilles Grangier and starring Luis Mariano, Arlette Merry and Noël Roquevert. It was shot at the Victorine Studios in Nice and on location around the city. The film's sets were designed by the art director René Moulaert.

Luis Mariano
Luis Mariano Eusebio González García (13 August 1914 – 14 July 1970), also known as Luis Mariano, was a popular tenor of Spanish origin who achieved celebrity in 1946 with "La belle de Cadix" ("The Beautiful Lady of Cadix") an operetta by Francis Lopez. He appeared in the 1954 film Adventures of the Barber of Seville and Le Chanteur de Mexico (1957) and became popular in France as well as his native Spain.
Peter Fox (rugby league, born 1984)
Peter Fox (born 5 November 1984) is an English former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 2000s and 2010s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for York Acorn ARLFC, the York City Knights, the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats (two spells), Hull Kingston Rovers, Halifax (loan), Doncaster and Newcastle Thunder in League 1, as a wing.

Doncaster R.L.F.C.
Doncaster Rugby League Football Club is a professional rugby league football club, based in Doncaster, South Yorkshire, England. They play home games at the Keepmoat Stadium and currently compete in the Championship, the second tier of British rugby league.

Doncaster have never won any major honours. Their traditional home colours are blue and amber after Leeds donated their home shirts to them when they were founded. They have a rivalry with Sheffield Eagles.
The Turn of the Screw (Ford Startime)
"The Turn of the Screw" was an American television movie broadcast by NBC on October 20, 1959, as the third episode of the television series, Ford Startime. It was written by James Costigan as an adaptation of Henry James' novella of the same name. John Frankenheimer was the director and producer.

The production was Ingrid Bergman's world television premiere. It won critical acclaim, and Bergman won both Emmy and Sylvania Awards as best actress.

James Costigan
James Costigan (March 31, 1926 – December 19, 2007) was an American television actor and Emmy Award-winning television screenwriter. His writing credits include the television movies Eleanor and Franklin and Love Among the Ruins.
Lindenwood Lions men's rugby
The Lindenwood Lions men's rugby team represents Lindenwood University in college rugby. Lindenwood plays in Division I-A in the Mid-South conference. The team is coached by Josh Macy. The Lindenwood men's rugby team won the 2012 USA Rugby Division II national championship in its inaugural season, and finished second in Division I-AA for the 2012–13 season. Following the 2012–13 season, Lindenwood moved up to Division I-A for the 2013–14 season. Lindenwood has also had success in Sevens. The Lions won the D1 7s National Championship in 2015 & the Red Bull University 7s Championship.

St. Louis Bombers Rugby Football Club
The St. Louis Bombers Rugby Football Club is a rugby union team based out of St. Louis, Missouri, United States. The Bombers are former members of the SuperLeague, the premier league in the United States.

In 2023 they came runners up in USA Club Rugby 7s Nationals.

They are the 2024 USA Club Rugby D1 Champions.
Anba Epiphanius
Anba Epiphanius (June 27, 1954 – July 29, 2018) (Coptic: Ⲁⲃⲃⲁ ⲉⲡⲓⲫⲁⲛⲓⲟⲥ; Arabic: الأنبا أبيفانيوس) was an Egyptian Coptic Orthodox Church bishop. He was appointed the bishop and abbot of the Monastery of St. Macarius in 2013, a position he held until his death. Anba Epiphanius was murdered on July 29, 2018 at the monastery.

Matta El Meskeen
Matta El Meskeen (English: Matthew the Poor; 20 September 1919 – 8 June 2006), born Youssef Iskandar, was a Coptic Orthodox monk. He was the key figure in the revival of Coptic monasticism, a movement which began in 1969 when he was appointed to the Monastery of St Macarius in the Wadi El Natrun in Egypt. By the time of his death the community had grown from 6 aged monks to 130 monks, and as many other monasteries were revived, new ones also began to open. He was twice nominated to become Coptic Pope, but was not chosen in either case.

Matta was also a theologian, and author of 181 books and hundreds of journal articles on Biblical exegesis, Ecclesiastical rites, spiritual and theological matters, and much more. Some of these writings were controversial.
Phantom Punch (film)
Phantom Punch is a 2008 film directed by Robert Townsend. The film is a biopic of Sonny Liston, with Ving Rhames in the lead role. The film also stars Stacey Dash, Nicholas Turturro, Alan van Sprang, David Proval, and Bridgette Wilson.

Alan van Sprang
Alan van Sprang (born June 19, 1971) is a Canadian actor best known for playing Sir Francis Bryan in the series The Tudors, appearing in the Living Dead films of George A. Romero and for playing King Henry on The CW's original series Reign. He also portrayed Valentine Morgenstern on Freeform's hit show, Shadowhunters.
Sueno's Stone
Sueno's Stone is a Picto-Scottish Class III standing stone on the north-easterly edge of Forres in Moray and is the largest surviving Pictish style cross-slab stone of its type in Scotland, standing 6.5 metres (21 feet) in height. It is situated on a raised bank on a now isolated section of the former road to Findhorn. The stone is named after Sweyn Forkbeard, but this association has been challenged and it has also been associated with the killing of King Dubh mac Ailpin in Forres in 966. The stone was erected c. 850–950 but by whom and for what, is unknown.

Moray
Moray (/ˈmʌri/ listenⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Moireibh or Moireabh) is one of the 32 council areas of Scotland. It lies in the north-east of the country, with a coastline on the Moray Firth, and borders the council areas of Aberdeenshire and Highland. Its council is based in Elgin, the area's largest town. The main towns are generally in the north of the area on the coastal plain. The south of the area is more sparsely populated and mountainous, including part of the Cairngorms National Park.

The council area is named after the historic county of Moray (called Elginshire prior to 1919), which was in turn named after the medieval Province of Moray, each of which covered different areas to the modern council area. The modern area of Moray was created in 1975 as a lower-tier district within the Grampian Region. The Moray district became a single-tier council area in 1996.
2023 Archery World Cup
The 2023 Archery World Cup, also known as the Hyundai Archery World Cup for sponsorship reasons, was the 17th edition of the international archery circuit organised annually by World Archery. The 2023 World Cup consisted of five events, and ran from 18 April to 10 September 2023.

World Archery
World Archery (WA, formerly Fédération Internationale de Tir à l'Arc – FITA) is the governing body of the sport of archery. It is based in Lausanne, Switzerland. It is composed of 156 national federations and other archery associations, and is recognised by the International Olympic Committee.
A Wizard's Tale
A Wizard's Tale (also known as Ahí Viene Cascarrabias in Mexico and Here Comes the Grump internationally) is a 2018 animated fantasy adventure comedy film based on the DePatie–Freleng animated series, Here Comes the Grump, which originally ran from 1969 to 1970 on NBC.

Directed by Andrés Couturier and written by Jim Hecht, the film is an international co-production between Mexico, United Kingdom and India and is produced by Ánima Estudios, Prime Focus World, and GFM Animation, the film features the voices of Toby Kebbell, Lily Collins, and Ian McShane. The Spanish version stars the voices of Camila Sodi and Mauricio Barrientos "El Diablito".

It was first released in Italy on 1 March 2018. The film was later released on July 26 in Mexico and was a commercial failure.

The film was released by Blue Fox Entertainment in the United States in limited format and VOD on 14 September the same year, released as A Wizard's Tale.

Camila Sodi
Camila Ía González Sodi (Spanish pronunciation: [kaˈmila ˈia ɣonˈsales ˈsoði]; born 14 May 1986) is a Mexican singer, actress and model. She is the niece of the singer and actress Thalía and a member of the Sodi family.
1894 Nebraska lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1894 Nebraska lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1894, and featured Republican nominee Robert E. Moore defeating Populist and Democratic fusion nominee James N. Gaffin as well as Straight Democratic (anti-Populist) nominee Rodney E. Dunphy and Prohibition Party nominee Belle G. Bigelow.

Incumbent Nebraska Lieutenant Governor Thomas J. Majors did not run for reelection as lieutenant governor since he decided to seek the office of governor of Nebraska. Although Silas A. Holcomb, the Populist and Democratic fusion nominee, won the gubernatorial election over Majors, the Republicans continued to hold the office of lieutenant governor with the victory of Robert E. Moore over James N. Gaffin.

Robert E. Moore
Robert Emmett Moore (October 22, 1849 – December 6, 1921) was an American politician who served as seventh lieutenant governor of Nebraska, from 1895-97.

He also served as 11th mayor of Lincoln, Nebraska, from 1883-85.
Chilanthivala
Chilanthivala (Spider Web) is a 1982 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Vijayanand and produced by A. Raghunath. The film stars M. N. Nambiar, Sreenath, K. P. Ummer and Captain Raju in the lead roles. The film has musical score by Guna Singh.

Sreenath
Sreenath Thoppil Inchora (26 August 1956 – 23 April 2010) was an Indian film and television actor. He was one of the prominent lead actors of the 1980s who played both lead and supporting roles in numerous Malayalam and a few Tamil films. He was noted for his good looks and was considered a handsome leading man during the early phase of his career. His first Tamil movie, Rail Payanangalil, was a super hit and ran in theatres for 175 days. Some of his notable roles as a main lead include, Ithu Njangalude Katha, Visa,  Sathyam, Swapnalokum. He also played major supporting roles in Sarvakalashala, Thoovanathumbikal, Oru CBI Diary Kurippu, Kireedam, Mathilukal, and Meghamalhar.

He also acted in popular Television serials, including Samayam, Sthree Janmam, Ente Suryapthri, Ente Manasaputhri, and Paarijatham and is the recipient of Kerala State Television Awards for Best Actor in 2000.
The Little Mermaid (franchise)
The Little Mermaid is an American media franchise created by The Walt Disney Company based on "The Little Mermaid", written by Danish poet Hans Christian Andersen. The success of the 1989 animated film led to a sequel, a prequel, a television series, a musical, several video games, theme park attractions, and other merchandise. A live-action remake of the film was released in 2023. The Little Mermaid paved the way for what would become the Disney Renaissance, with the original film becoming the first film of that era.

Hans Christian Andersen
Hans Christian Andersen (/ˈændərsən/ AN-dər-sən; Danish: [ˈhænˀs ˈkʰʁestjæn ˈɑnɐsn̩, - ˈkʰʁæs-] ⓘ; 2 April 1805 – 4 August 1875) was a Danish author. Although a prolific writer of plays, travelogues, novels, and poems, he is best remembered for his literary fairy tales.

Andersen's fairy tales, consisting of 156 stories across nine volumes, have been translated into more than 125 languages. They have become embedded in Western collective consciousness, accessible to children as well as presenting lessons of virtue and resilience in the face of adversity for mature readers. His most famous fairy tales include "The Emperor's New Clothes", "The Little Mermaid", "The Nightingale", "The Steadfast Tin Soldier", "The Red Shoes", "The Princess and the Pea", "The Snow Queen", "The Ugly Duckling", "The Little Match Girl", and "Thumbelina." Andersen's stories have inspired ballets, plays, and animated and live-action films.
Bird Town
Bird Town (foaled April 11, 2000) is an American Thoroughbred racehorse and broodmare. After showing some promise when winning one of her four starts as a two-year-old in 2002, she emerged as one of the best North American fillies of her generation in the following summer with wins in the Kentucky Oaks and the Acorn Stakes. She also finished second in the Test Stakes and the Beldame Stakes before being retired at the end of the season with a record of four wins in twelve races.

Kentucky Oaks
The Kentucky Oaks is a Grade I stakes race for three-year-old Thoroughbred fillies staged annually in Louisville, Kentucky, United States. The race currently covers 1+1⁄8 miles (1,800 m) at Churchill Downs; the horses carry 121 pounds (55 kg). The Kentucky Oaks is held on the Friday before the Kentucky Derby each year. The winner gets $846,300 of the $1,500,000 purse, and a large garland blanket of lilies, resulting in the nickname "Lilies for the Fillies." A silver Kentucky Oaks Trophy is presented to the winner.
Cam Grandy
Cam Grandy (born November 19, 2000) is an American professional football tight end for the Cincinnati Bengals of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the NCAA Division II Missouri Western Griffons and the Division I FCS Illinois State Redbirds.

Missouri Western Griffons football
The Missouri Western Griffons football program represents Missouri Western State University in college football and competes in the Division II level (D-II) of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). In 1989, Missouri Western became a member of the Missouri Intercollegiate Athletic Association, which was renamed the Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association (MIAA), and has remained in the league. Missouri Western's home games are played at Spratt Stadium in St. Joseph, Missouri.

Missouri Western's football program dates back to 1970. The Griffons won two conference championships, in 2003 and 2012. Under Jerry Partridge the Griffons have appeared in the Division II playoffs in 2006, 2010, 2011, and 2012.

The team is coached by Tyler Fenwick, who enters his first season in 2023.
Emergent Coding
Emergent Coding is a decentralized software development paradigm employing a type of software component that cannot be copied or reused with the objective of achieving both workable developer specialization, and a practical software components market.

Decentralization
Decentralization or decentralisation is the process by which the activities of an organization, particularly those related to planning and decision-making, are distributed or delegated away from a central, authoritative location or group and given to smaller factions within it.

Concepts of decentralization have been applied to group dynamics and management science in private businesses and organizations, political science, law and public administration, technology, economics and money.