hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Buffalopterus
Buffalopterus is a prehistoric eurypterid from the Silurian-aged Bertie Formation of New York and Ontario. The genus contains one species, B. pustulosus. It is closely related to Strobilopterus, but differs primarily by having a bizarre, globular telson (which is otherwise sword-like or spine-like in other eurypterids), and in size, being estimated to be around 1 metre (3.3 ft), although later study show size estimation of 30 centimetres (12 in).

Strobilopterus
Strobilopterus is a genus of prehistoric eurypterid of the family Strobilopteridae. The genus contains four species, two from the Devonian of Wyoming, United States (S. princetonii and S. proteus), one from the Devonian of Ohio, United States (S. richardsoni) and one from the Silurian of Estonia (S. laticeps).
Uchchala
Uchchala (1070 – 8 December 1111), also known as Uchchala Deva, was the King of Kashmir from 1101 to 1111. He belonged to the Utpala dynasty, a Hindu Kingdom of Kashmiri rulers and was the founder of the Second Lohara dynasty. He was the close relative of Harsha and the brother of Sussala.

Harsha of Kashmir
Harsha (1059–1101), also known as Harshadeva, was the Maharaja of Kashmir from 1089 to 1101. He was given the epithet "raja-Turushka" (Turk king).

Harsha belonged to the First Lohara dynasty, of which he was the last ruler. According to Kalhana, Harsha was built like a god and was extremely handsome. Harsha's conduct has recently been a subject of discussion. Harsha started out as a capable and noble king, then ran into financial trouble because of his spending habits. He was the son of king Kalasha of Kashmir.
According to Pandit Prithvi Nath Kaul Bamzai in A History of Kashmir, pp. 143, Kalhana mentioned that even night soil was taxed under his rule. Extravagant expenditure on his troops and senseless pleasure involved him in grave financial difficulties. His accidental discovery of hoarded treasures at the Bhimasahi temple induced him to despoil other temples and he started melting gold and silver images of gods and goddesses.
Mardin Sign Language
Mardin Sign Language (MarSL; Turkish: Mardin İşaret Dili) is a family sign language of Turkey. It was originally spoken in the town of Mardin, dating back at least five generations in a single extended family. All speakers now live in İzmir or Istanbul, and the younger generation has shifted to Turkish Sign Language.

Signers refer to their language as "dilsizce" (Turkish for "deaf language") or "eski işaretler" (Turkish for "old signs").

Turkish Sign Language
Turkish Sign Language (Turkish: Türk İşaret Dili, TİD) is the language used by the deaf community in Turkey. As with other sign languages, TİD has a unique grammar that is different from the oral languages used in the region.

TİD uses a two-handed manual alphabet which is very different from the two-handed alphabets used in the BANZSL sign languages. It also uses the tongue in certain phrases.
Gold Coast Rugby League
The Gold Coast Rugby League premiership (also known as the Kevin Bycroft Cup) is a rugby league football competition based in Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia. It is under the administration of the Queensland Rugby League through the South East Queensland Division, which also administers the competitions from Brisbane and Ipswich.

The Gold Coast Rugby League Premiership consists of ten clubs, competing in three senior leagues; A-Grade (Seniors), Reserves and Colts (under-19s). The Gold Coast Junior Rugby League was formed in 1976 and consists of seventeen clubs, competing in multiple age groups from under-7s to under-17s.

Queensland Rugby League South East Queensland Division
The Queensland Rugby League South East Division (also known as the South East Division) is a rugby league division responsible for the running of rugby league in South-East Queensland. This makes the South East Division responsible for the FOGS Cup, FOGS Colts Challenge and Brisbane Second Division competitions. This Division also administers the City team in the annual QRL City-Country match. It is also responsible for administering the game of rugby league across the Gold Coast and Ipswich. These two cities alone comprise over 7000 junior and senior players.

In 2007 the East Division merged with the Southern Division to form the South East Queensland Division, decreasing the number of QRL divisions from 6 to 5.
Mynette Louie
Mynette Louie is an American film producer of Chinese descent. She was nominated for a Primetime Emmy and Critics Choice Award in 2018 for HBO's The Tale, won the 2015 Independent Spirit Awards John Cassavetes Award for Land Ho!, and won the 2013 Independent Spirit Awards Piaget Producers Award. She was also nominated twice for "Best First Feature" at the Independent Spirit Awards for I Carry You With Me and The Tale. She is a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

The Tale
The Tale is a 2018 American drama film written and directed by Jennifer Fox and starring Laura Dern, Ellen Burstyn, Jason Ritter, Elizabeth Debicki, Isabelle Nélisse, Common, Frances Conroy, and John Heard. It tells the story of Fox's own child sexual abuse and her coming to terms with it in her later life. It premiered at the 2018 Sundance Film Festival and aired on HBO on May 26, 2018. 
Despite making the film in 2018, she waited five years – and two years after her abuser's death – to reveal in a 2023 interview that her abuser was Ted Nash, a two-time Olympic medalist in rowing and nine-time Olympic coach.
Italian Wars of 1499–1504
The Italian Wars of 1499–1504 are divided into two connected, but distinct, phases: the Second Italian War (1499–1501), sometimes known as Louis XII's Italian War, and the Third Italian War (1502–1504) or War over Naples. The first phase was fought for control of the Duchy of Milan by an alliance of Louis XII of France and the Republic of Venice against Ludovico Sforza, the second between Louis and Ferdinand II of Aragon for possession of the Kingdom of Naples.

In the aftermath of the Italian War of 1494–1498, Louis was determined to pursue French claims to Milan and Naples and in October 1499 he captured Milan, which remained in French hands for the next thirteen years. His invasion of Naples in 1501 eventually led to war with Ferdinand of Aragon, who expelled the French in 1504.

Treaty of Blois (1499)
The Treaty of Blois (1499), signed on 9 February 1499, was a secret military alliance between Louis XII of France and the Republic of Venice, in which they agreed to a joint attack on the Duchy of Milan. In return, the Venetians were to receive part of the Duchy, while France also undertook to provide military assistance if Venice was attacked by the Ottoman Empire.
Kapital (brand)
Kapital (Japanese: キャピタル), often stylized as KAPITAL, is a Japanese denim and clothing brand known for its use of traditional textile and patchwork methods. Kapital was founded in 1985 by Toshikiyo Hirata.

The clothing brand is renowned for its denim, workwear, and Americana-inspired garments, and has developed a cult following for its eclectic and handicraft work and limited-production denim. It has been described as “  perhaps the best-known Japanese workwear brand on the planet.”

Kapital operates 13 stores across Japan, and is sold in select retailers globally. Clothing is produced across 4 sewing factories and 1 dyeing factory.

Patchwork
Patchwork or "pieced work" is a form of needlework that involves sewing together pieces of fabric into a larger design. The larger design is usually based on repeating patterns built up with different fabric shapes (which can be different colors). These shapes are carefully measured and cut, basic geometric shapes making them easy to piece together.
SS British Corporal
British Corporal was a 6,972 GRT tanker that was built in 1922 by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company, Jarrow, Northumberland, United Kingdom. She was built for the British Tanker Company.

In 1940, she was damaged in an attack by German E-boats. She was transferred to the British Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) and renamed Empire Corporal. She returned to service in 1942 following repairs, but was torpedoed and sunk on 18 August by U-598 off the coast of Cuba.

Jarrow
Jarrow (/ˈdʒæroʊ/ or /ˈdʒærə/) is a town in South Tyneside in the county of Tyne and Wear, England. Historically in County Durham, it is on the south bank of the River Tyne, about three miles (five kilometres) from the east coast. It is home to the southern portal of the Tyne Tunnel and five miles (eight kilometres) east of Newcastle upon Tyne. At the 2021 census the Jarrow built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics had a population of 29,470.

In the eighth century, St Paul's Monastery in Jarrow (now Monkwearmouth–Jarrow Abbey) was the home of the Venerable Bede, who is regarded as the greatest Anglo-Saxon scholar and the father of English history. The town is part of the historic County Palatine of Durham. From the middle of the 19th century until 1935, Jarrow was a centre for shipbuilding, and was the starting point of the Jarrow March against unemployment in 1936.
Soul on Fire
Soul on Fire is a 2025 American biographical drama film about John O'Leary, a real-life St. Louis native who survived fire burns which covered his entire body. It is directed by Sean McNamara based on a screenplay by Gregory Poirier that adapted O'Leary's book On Fire, The 7 Choices to Ignite a Radically Inspired Life. The film stars Joel Courtney portraying O'Leary, John Corbett, Stéphanie Szostak, Masey McLain, DeVon Franklin, and William H. Macy.

It was released in the United States and Canada on October 10, 2025 by Sony Pictures Releasing.

John Corbett
John Joseph Corbett Jr. (born May 9, 1961) is an American actor and country music singer. On television, he is best known for his roles as Chris Stevens on Northern Exposure (1990–1995), Aidan Shaw on Sex and the City (2000–2003) and sequel series And Just Like That... (2023–2025), Max Gregson on United States of Tara (2009–2011), and Seth Holt on Parenthood (2011–2015). In film, he is known for roles in the My Big Fat Greek Wedding franchise, Raising Helen (2004), The Messengers (2007), Sex and the City 2 (2010), Ramona & Beezus (2010), and the To All the Boys film trilogy (2018–2021).

In addition to acting, Corbett has pursued a career in country music, releasing the studio albums John Corbett (2006) and Leaving Nothin' Behind (2013) with the former reaching number 45 on the Billboard Country Albums chart.
Meridian VP F.C.
Meridian Valley Park Football Club is a football club located in Charlton, in the Royal Borough of Greenwich, London, England. Affiliated to the Kent FA, they are currently members of the Kent County League Premier Division and play at the Meridian Sports & Social Club.

Charlton, London
Charlton is an area of southeast London, England, in the Royal Borough of Greenwich. It is east of Greenwich and west of Woolwich, on the south bank of the River Thames, 7.2 miles (11.6 km) southeast of Charing Cross. An ancient parish in the county of Kent, it became part of the metropolitan area of London in 1855 and is home to Charlton Athletic and Charlton House.
Most Wanted (1997 film)
Most Wanted is a 1997 American action thriller film directed by David Glenn Hogan, produced by Eric L. Gold and written by Keenen Ivory Wayans, who also starred in the lead role. The film co-stars Jon Voight, Jill Hennessy, Paul Sorvino, Robert Culp, Wolfgang Bodison, Simon Baker and Eric Roberts.

Most Wanted was released in the United States by New Line Cinema on October 10, 1997.

Keenen Ivory Wayans
Keenen Ivory Desuma Wayans (/ˈweɪ.ənz/ WAY-ənz; born June 8, 1958) is an American actor, comedian, and filmmaker. He is a member of the Wayans family of entertainers. Wayans first came to prominence as the host and creator of the 1990–1994 Fox sketch comedy series In Living Color. He has produced, directed or written several films, starting with Hollywood Shuffle, which he cowrote, in 1987. Most of his films have included him and one or more of his siblings in the cast.

One of these films, Scary Movie (2000), which Wayans directed, was the highest-grossing movie directed by an African American until it was surpassed by Tim Story's Fantastic Four in 2005. From 1997 to 1998, he hosted the talk show The Keenen Ivory Wayans Show. In 2014, he was a judge for the eighth season of Last Comic Standing.
MFC 22
MFC 22: Payoff was a mixed martial arts event held by the Maximum Fighting Championship (MFC), it was held on October 2, 2009, at the River Cree Resort and Casino in Enoch, Alberta. It featured the return of Jason MacDonald, who was competing in his first fight since being released by the UFC, against Travis Lutter, also competing in his first fight since being released by the UFC. The co-main event featured Antonio McKee defending the MFC lightweight title against Brazilian Carlo Prater. The event also featured UFC veterans Luigi Fioravanti, John Alessio, Pete Spratt, David Heath, Mike Nickels and Marvin Eastman. This event was broadcast on HDNet.

Maximum Fighting Championship
Maximum Fighting Championship was a Canadian mixed martial arts (MMA) promotion based in Edmonton, Alberta. MFC events were broadcast on The Fight Network, AXS TV (formerly HDnet) in North America and most recently TSN2. FC’s former home, in Canada, is the River Cree Resort and Casino in Enoch, Alberta, located just outside Edmonton, Alberta, but has also held events at the Edmonton Expo Centre.
Line Walker 2: Invisible Spy
Line Walker 2: Invisible Spy is a 2019 action thriller film. It is adapted from the 2014 TVB series of the same name and serves as a sequel to the 2016 film Line Walker. Directed by Jazz Boon, the film stars Nick Cheung, Louis Koo and Francis Ng.  All major characters in the film are different from the original drama series and the first film. It was released in Hong Kong and mainland China on 7 August 2019 and the US on 16 August 2019.

Line Walker (film)
Line Walker is a 2016 action thriller film adapted from the 2014 TVB series of the same name. Directed by Jazz Boon and starring Nick Cheung, Louis Koo, Francis Ng; Charmaine Sheh, Benz Hui and Au Siu-wai reprised their roles from the original drama. It was released in Hong Kong and mainland China on 11 August 2016.
Indian National Congress (U)
The Indian National Congress (U) was a breakaway faction of the Indira Gandhi-led Congress (I), formed in July 1979 by D. Devaraj Urs, the then Chief Minister of Karnataka. Urs' explanation of the split was the return of Indira's son Sanjay Gandhi into the party fold. Urs took with him many legislators from Karnataka, Kerala, Maharashtra and Goa including future Union Ministers and Chief Ministers, Yashwantrao Chavan, Dev Kant Baruah, Kasu Brahmananda Reddy, A.K. Antony, Sharad Pawar, Sarat Chandra Sinha, Priyaranjan Das Munshi and K. P. Unnikrishnan.

Subsequently, D. Devaraj Urs joined Janata Party; Yashwantrao Chavan, Brahmananda Reddy, and Chidambaram Subramaniam joined Congress (Indira); and A. K. Antony split from Congress (U) to form Congress (A) in Kerala. When Sharad Pawar took over the party presidency in October 1981, the name of the party was changed to Indian Congress (Socialist).

D. Devaraj Urs
Devaraj Devaraj Arasu (20 August 1915 – 6 June 1982) was an Indian politician who served two terms as the Chief Minister of Karnataka (1972–77, 1978–80). He is the second longest serving Chief Minister of Karnataka in terms of days of tenure in office after Siddaramaiah. 
He entered politics in 1952 and was an MLA for 10 years. When the Indian National Congress split in 1969 as Samstha (Congress(O)) and Indira Congress (Congress (R)), he stood with Indira Gandhi. He became the Chief Minister of Karnataka (fifth Assembly) for the first time from 20 March 1972 to 31 December 1977 and again from 17 March 1978 to 8 June 1980 (sixth Assembly).
Ken Clift
Kenneth Rochester Clift DCM (9 January 1916 – 22 July 2009) was an Australian soldier and author. During World War II, he served with the 6th Division Signals and the 1st Parachute Battalion, and for his actions around Tobruk in 1941 he received the Distinguished Conduct Medal. After the war, he published several books including The Saga of a Sig. In 2007, when Clift was 91, the Defence Force School of Signals (DFSS) Holding Troop was renamed the "Ken Clift Troop" in his honour.

Distinguished Conduct Medal
The Distinguished Conduct Medal (DCM) was a British military decoration instituted in 1854 by Queen Victoria to recognise gallantry in the field by other ranks of the British Army. It was the oldest British award for gallantry and served as the second highest military decoration for bravery, ranking just below the Victoria Cross. The medal remained in use until 1993, when it was discontinued and succeeded by the Conspicuous Gallantry Cross. In addition to British personnel, the medal was also awarded to non-commissioned members of the armed forces from other Commonwealth Dominions and Colonies.
When Nietzsche Wept
When Nietzsche Wept (German: Als Nietzsche Weinte) is a 2007 American drama film directed by Pinchas Perry and starring Armand Assante, Ben Cross and Katheryn Winnick. Based on the novel of the same name by Irvin D. Yalom, it was filmed in Bulgaria.

Ben Cross
Harry Bernard Cross (16 December 1947 – 18 August 2020) known as Ben Cross, was an English actor. He was best known for his portrayal of the British Olympic athlete Harold Abrahams in the 1981 film Chariots of Fire and for playing Billy Flynn in the original West End production of the musical Chicago.
Symmetry (horse)
Symmetry (foaled 1795) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire best known for winning the classic St Leger Stakes in 1798. Originally trained in Yorkshire won the St Leger at Doncaster on his final appearance as a three-year-old and went on to defeat The Derby winner Sir Harry in a match race at York in the following year. As a five-year-old he was transferred to race at Newmarket where he lost a rematch with Sir Harry, but won his three remaining races, including matches against Sorcerer and Diamond, two of the leading racehorses of the time. After his retirement from racing, Symmetry was sold and exported to stand as a breeding stallion in Russia.

Sir Harry
Sir Harry is the name given to nine different Thoroughbred racehorses as of 1943.

Sir Harry (British horse), English racehorse and Epsom Derby winner, foaled in 1795

Sir Harry (Canadian horse), won the 1927 Coffroth Handicap, the then richest race in the North America, foaled in 1924
Toni Braxton (album)
Toni Braxton is the debut studio album by American singer Toni Braxton, released on July 13, 1993, by LaFace Records and Arista Records. The album was primarily produced by L.A. Reid, Babyface, and Daryl Simmons.

The album has sold 5,135,000 copies in the United States and 10 million copies worldwide.
It earned Braxton several awards, including three Grammy Awards (for Best New Artist and two consecutive awards for Best Female R&B Vocal Performance in 1994 and 1995). She also won two American Music Awards (for Favorite Soul/R&B New Artist and Favorite New Adult Contemporary Artist) in 1994 and another one in 1995 (for Favorite Soul/R&B Album).

American Music Awards
The American Music Awards (AMAs) is an annual American music awards show produced by Dick Clark Productions since 1974. Nominees are selected on commercial performance such as sales and airplay. Winners are determined by a poll of the public who vote through the AMAs website.

The event originally aired on ABC after the network's contract to air the Grammy Awards expired. After the 2022 ceremony, when ABC's rights to broadcast the ceremony expired, the American Music Awards were put on hiatus. In March 2024, it was announced that the AMAs would move to CBS as part of a deal with its rights to broadcast the now DCP-owned Golden Globe Awards. The event remained on hiatus for 2024, with CBS airing a 50th anniversary special in October 6, ahead of a 2025 return, which was held on May 26, and hosted by Jennifer Lopez.
Simone Wilkie
Major General Simone Louise Wilkie, AO (née Burt, born 1964) is a retired Australian Army officer who was the Australian Deputy National Commander in the War in Afghanistan in 2011 and 2012. She was Assistant Chief of Staff to General David Petraeus during the Iraq War troop surge of 2007, and was the first female Commanding Officer of the Royal Military College, Duntroon and Commandant at the Army Recruit Training Centre at Kapooka. In March 2013 the Minister for Defence, Stephen Smith, announced her promotion to major general to take over as Commander of the Australian Defence College in July 2013.

Australian Defence College
The Australian Defence College (ADC) comprises three joint education and training organisations operated by the Australian Defence Force in Canberra, Australian Capital Territory:

the War College,

the Australian Defence Force Training Centre (ADFTC), and

the Australian Defence Force Academy (ADFA).

The ADC is commanded by a two-star officer. Each of the educational organisations is commanded by a one-star officer or Colonel (equivalent), titled Commandant of their organisation.

The last known commander was Major General Mick Ryan, from January 2018 to February 2022.

The Australian Defence Force Warfare Training Centre and Peace Operations Training Centre are sited at a campus at Weston, ACT.
Optical phenomenon
Optical phenomena are any observable events that result from the interaction of light and matter.

All optical phenomena coincide with quantum phenomena. Common optical phenomena are often due to the interaction of light from the Sun or Moon with the atmosphere, clouds, water, dust, and other particulates. One common example is the rainbow, when light from the Sun is reflected and refracted by water droplets. Some phenomena, such as the green ray, are so rare they are sometimes thought to be mythical. Others, such as Fata Morganas, are commonplace in favored locations.

Other phenomena are simply interesting aspects of optics, or optical effects. For instance, the colors generated by a prism are often shown in classrooms.

Dispersive prism
In optics, a dispersive prism is an optical prism that is used to disperse light, that is, to separate light into its spectral components (the colors of the rainbow). Different wavelengths (colors) of light will be deflected by the prism at different angles. This is a result of the prism material's index of refraction varying with wavelength (dispersion). Generally, longer wavelengths (red) undergo a smaller deviation than shorter wavelengths (blue). The dispersion of white light into colors by a prism led Sir Isaac Newton to conclude that white light consisted of a mixture of different colors.

Triangular prisms are the most common type of dispersive prism. Other types of dispersive prism exist that have more than two optical interfaces; some of them combine refraction with total internal reflection.