hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madrid Congress
The Madrid Congress was the Fourth Congress of the Spanish Regional Federation of the International Workingmen's Association (FRE-AIT) that was held in Madrid in June 1874.

Unlike the previous three, the congress was held in hiding since the International had been banned five months earlier by Francisco Serrano, new head of government and state after the triumph of Manuel Pavia's coup d'état that ended the First Spanish Republic. In the Madrid Congress it was decided that no more general congresses would be held until legality was recovered, being replaced by regional congresses. The Congress also ratified the anarchist theses of the Anarchist International to which the FRE had been attached since its foundation in the St. Imier Congress of September 1872.

Clara Lida
Clara Eugenia Lida (Buenos Aires, December 27, 1941) is an Argentinian historian, well known for her work on social movements, anarchism and socialisms in the 19th century, and on Spanish emigration and Republican exile.
N. K. K. P. Raja
N. K. K. P. Raja (born 8 March 1966) is an Indian politician who served as the Minister for Textiles and Handlooms, Tamil Nadu in the M. Karunanidhi cabinet during 2006-08. He is the son of  N. K. K. Periasamy, himself a former minister who held the same portfolio in the 1996-2001 Karunanidhi Cabinet.  He is a member of the 13th Tamil Nadu Assembly representing the Erode Constituency in Tamil Nadu and is a member of the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (DMK) political party.

N. K. K. Periasamy
N. K. K. Periasamy is an Indian politician. He is a former Government of Tamil Nadu Handlooms and Textiles minister from 1996 to 2001. He was elected to Tamil Nadu legislative assembly from Erode constituency in 1996 election.
Dopey (podcast)
Dopey is an American self-help and comedy podcast about personal experiences of substance use and addiction. The show is hosted by Dave Manheim, a person recovering from Substance Use Disorder, based in New York City, and was formerly co-hosted by Chris, a fellow person in recovery and graduate student from Boston, Massachusetts. The show has been described as being about "drugs, addiction, and dumb shit."

Initially conceived as a show about the humorous side of addiction, specifically excluding stories about recovery, the focus has changed over time, especially following Chris' relapse and overdose death in July 2018. As of 2019, Dave hosts the show alone, with occasional celebrity guests, notably Jamie Lee Curtis, Dr. Drew, Brandon Novak, Fentanyl Jay, Ray Brown, Brian "Hottwheels" Connolly, Carolyn “Mountain Girl” Garcia, and Billy Strings.

Relapse
In internal medicine, relapse or recidivism is a recurrence of a past (typically medical) condition. For example, multiple sclerosis and malaria often exhibit peaks of activity and sometimes very long periods of dormancy, followed by relapse or recrudescence.

In psychiatry, relapse or reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior, is the recurrence of pathological drug use, self harm or other symptoms after a period of recovery. Relapse is often observed in individuals who have developed a drug addiction or a form of drug dependence, as well as those who have a mental disorder.
Lung bud
The lung bud sometimes referred to as the respiratory bud forms from the respiratory diverticulum, an embryological endodermal structure that develops into the respiratory tract organs such as the larynx, trachea, bronchi and lungs. It arises from part of the laryngotracheal tube.

Endoderm
Endoderm is the innermost of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and mesoderm (middle layer). Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula, which develops into the endoderm.

The endoderm consists at first of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar. It forms the epithelial lining of multiple systems.

In plant biology, endoderm corresponds to the innermost part of the cortex (bark) in young shoots and young roots often consisting of a single cell layer. As the plant becomes older, more endoderm will lignify.
Philip Fearnside
Philip Martin Fearnside (born May 25, 1947) is an American biologist and scientist, active for many years in Brazil, where he developed the most important part of his career and gained wide national and international notoriety.

National Institute of Amazonian Research
The National Institute of Amazonian Research (Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas da Amazônia or INPA) is a public educational and research institution headquartered in Manaus, Brazil. It was founded in 1952, with the purpose of furthering scientific knowledge of the Brazilian Amazon Region. Most of INPA's research focuses on tropical forest management, ecology, molecular ecology, zoology, botany, tropical agriculture and tropical pisciculture. The institution also maintains important vertebrate, invertebrate, and vascular plants research collections.

It also publishes the scientific journal Acta Amazônica.
2018 World Wrestling Championships – Women's freestyle 68 kg
The women's freestyle 68 kilograms is a competition featured at the 2018 World Wrestling Championships, and was held in Budapest, Hungary on 23 and 24 October.

This freestyle wrestling competition consists of a single-elimination tournament, with a repechage used to determine the winner of two bronze medals. The two finalists face off for gold and silver medals. Each wrestler who loses to one of the two finalists moves into the repechage, culminating in a pair of bronze medal matches featuring the semifinal losers each facing the remaining repechage opponent from their half of the bracket.

2018 World Wrestling Championships
The 2018 World Wrestling Championships were the 15th edition of World Wrestling Championships of combined events and were held from 20 to 28 October in Budapest, Hungary.

Russia claimed 10 gold medals, 1 silver medal and 2 bronze medals, its best ever overall result in the post-Soviet era. In Greco-Roman Wrestling Russian athletes showed the best ever result since 1990.
Töysä
Töysä is a former municipality in Western Finland. It was consolidated to Alavus on 1 January 2013. It is part of the South Ostrobothnia region. The municipality had a population of 3,122 (31 December 2012) and covered an area of 309.66 square kilometres (119.56 sq mi) of which 11.91 km2 (4.60 sq mi) was water. The population density is 10.4853/km2 (27.157/sq mi). Most inhabitants speak Finnish, with hardly any other languages being spoken.

Töysä is known for its shopping village Tuuri and the Veljekset Keskinen department store.

Veljekset Keskinen
Veljekset Keskinen Oy (Keskinen Brothers) is a department store in Tuuri, Alavus, Finland. In addition to the General Store and the Food Store, the shopping center includes Hotel OnnenTähti, the Onnela caravan park, the Village Store Gas Station, restaurant services and in the summer, a yard sale. Outside entrepreneurs operate on Kauppakatu. Over the years, a shopping village of dozens of companies has grown around the Village Store.

It receives over 6 million customers per year, and is the largest department store in Finland.
The store is a tourist attraction as well as a regular department store.

There is a large horse shoe at the parking area, as the name of the village ("Tuuri") means "luck" in Finnish; it stands at number three in Reuters' list of world's ugliest buildings and monuments.
John Mathieson (surveyor)
John Mathieson FRSE FRSGS (1855, Durness, Sutherland – 14 June 1945, Edinburgh) was a Scottish surveyor, cartographer, explorer and Gaelic scholar.

In 1909, Mathieson retired from his post as Division Superintendent of HM Ordnance Survey in order to serve as chief surveyor on the Scottish scientific expedition to Svalbard, led by William Speirs Bruce.

In 1920-21 he led the surveying party on Prins Karls Forland, largely completing Bruce's survey.

On 7 March 1921 he was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, upon the nomination of John Horne, John Flett, Thomas Jehu, Ben Peach, Robert Campbell and Thomas Cuthbert Day.

In 1927 he was awarded the Gold Medal of the Royal Scottish Geographical Society and the Murchison Grant by the Royal Geographical Society.

Thomas John Jehu
Thomas John Jehu FRSE FGS (19 February 1871 – 18 July 1943) was a British physician and geologist. The Jehu-Campbell Fossil Collection at the University of Edinburgh was donated by Jehu in combination with Robert Campbell and is now the main component of their “Highland Border Series” of fossils. Many of the fossils come from the Aberfoyle area.
East Kilbride F.C.
East Kilbride Football Club is a semi-professional football club based in East Kilbride, South Lanarkshire, Scotland. They are members of Scottish League Two, the fourth tier of the Scottish football league system.

Formed in 2010 with the intention of bringing senior football to one of Scotland's largest towns, the club initially competed in amateur football before becoming one of the founder members of the Lowland League in 2013. The club became a full member of the Scottish Football Association (SFA) in 2014, entitling them to automatic entry to the Scottish Cup. East Kilbride became a member of the Scottish Professional Football League in 2025 after winning the Pyramid play-offs.

Scottish Amateur Football League
The Scottish Amateur Football League (SAFL) was Scotland's oldest football league competition for amateur teams in Scotland, before disbanding in 2023 when it merged with the Central Scottish Amateur League to form the Scottish Premier Amateur League.

Although the League officially records itself as having been founded in 1909, when Scottish Football League club Queen's Park decided that their fourth team needed regular competition, research published by the Scottish Football Historical Archive confirms that the league was actually founded by six clubs at a meeting at Glasgow University in late June 1901, with Paisley Academicals winning the first championship. Queen's Park were successful in winning the league title in 1909–10, but Edinburgh Civil Service won the league the following year, so Queen's Park decided to enter their third team for the third season of the competition, indicating a high standard of football was played at this level from an early stage.
Ben McGuire
Ben Thomas McGuire (born 31 December 1991) is an English cricketer.  McGuire is a left-handed batsman who bowls right-arm medium pace.  He was born in Ashington, Northumberland.

Having played for the Nottinghamshire Second XI since 2008, McGuire made his only appearance for Nottinghamshire in a List A match against Gloucestershire in the 2009 NatWest Pro40. In this match, he was dismissed for David Payne. It was in 2009 that McGuire made his debut for Staffordshire in Minor counties cricket, against Suffolk in the MCCA Knockout Trophy.  McGuire still plays for Staffordshire, making to date 8 Minor Counties Championship and 12 MCCA Knockout Trophy matches. Having stopped playing for the Nottinghamshire Second XI in 2009, McGuire has represented the Worcestershire Second XI in 2011.

David Payne (cricketer)
David Alan Payne (born 15 February 1991) is an English cricketer who made his debut for Gloucestershire in 2009. A left-arm fast-medium bowler, he has represented England at U-19 level in both Test matches and One Day Internationals. He was named as part of the squad for the 2010 U-19 Cricket World Cup. Since his debut for Gloucestershire, he has become a key part of their bowling attack and often opened, and has also showed promise with the bat, by scoring his maiden First Class half-century at the end of the 2011 season. Payne made his international debut for the England cricket team in June 2022.
Gulfstream International Airlines
Gulfstream International Airlines was a United States airline that operated from 1988 to 2010. The airline primarily operated codeshare flights for major airlines. In December 2010, the airline went bankrupt and its assets were sold. Silver Airways launched as a new regional carrier with assets from Gulfstream.

Beechcraft 1900
The Beechcraft 1900 is an American twin-engine turboprop regional airliner manufactured by Beechcraft. It is also used as a freight aircraft and corporate transport, and by several governmental and military organizations. With customers favoring larger regional jets, then-owner Raytheon ended production in October 2002.

Developed from the Beechcraft Super King Air, the aircraft was designed to carry passengers in all weather conditions from airports with relatively short runways. It is capable of flying in excess of 600 miles (970 km), although few operators use its full-fuel range.
Oklahoma Intercollegiate Conference (1974–1997)
The Oklahoma Intercollegiate Conference was an NAIA intercollegiate athletic conference that existed from 1974 to 1997, and the second of two conferences to share this name. The conference's members were located in the state of Oklahoma. Most of the team's members moved from the defunct Oklahoma Collegiate Conference in 1974, which itself evolved from the first iteration of the Oklahoma Intercollegiate Conference in 1929. The conference disbanded in 1997, after most of its members joined the NCAA Division II's Lone Star Conference.

NCAA Division II independent schools
NCAA Division II independent schools are four-year institutions that compete in college athletics at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level, but do not belong to an established college athletic conference for a particular sport. These schools may however still compete as members of an athletic conference in other sports. A school may also be fully independent, and not belong to any athletic conference for any sport at all. The reason for independent status varies among institutions, but it is frequently because the school's primary athletic conference does not sponsor a particular sport.
Hans Freudenthal
Hans Freudenthal (17 September 1905 – 13 October 1990) was a Jewish German-born Dutch mathematician.  He made substantial contributions to algebraic topology and also took an interest in literature, philosophy, history and mathematics education.

Topological group
In mathematics, topological groups are the combination of groups and topological spaces, i.e. they are groups and topological spaces at the same time, such that the continuity condition for the group operations connects these two structures together and consequently they are not independent from each other.

Topological groups were studied extensively in the period of 1925 to 1940. Haar and Weil (respectively in 1933 and 1940) showed that the integrals and Fourier series are special cases of a construct that can be defined on a very wide class of topological groups.

Topological groups, along with continuous group actions, are used to study continuous symmetries, which have many applications, for example, in physics. In functional analysis, every topological vector space is an additive topological group with the additional property that scalar multiplication is continuous; consequently, many results from the theory of topological groups can be applied to functional analysis.
Mary Bryan (poet)
Mary Bryan (1780–1838) was an English Romantic poet and novelist. Her works include the novel Longhollow; a Country Tale (1829) and the poetry collection Sonnets and Metrical Tales (1815). Bryan was also a correspondent of William Wordsworth and Walter Scott.

Romantic poetry
Romantic poetry is the poetry of the Romantic era, an artistic, literary, musical and intellectual movement that originated in Europe towards the end of the 18th century. It involved a reaction against prevailing Neoclassical ideas of the 18th century, and lasted approximately from 1800 to 1850. Romantic poets rebelled against the style of poetry from the eighteenth century which was based around epics, odes, satires, elegies, epistles and songs.
Shailendra (lyricist)
Shailendra (30 August 1923 – 14 December 1966) was an Indian Hindi-Urdu poet, lyricist and film producer. He is regarded as one of the greatest and most celebrated lyricists of the Indian film industry. Known for his association with filmmaker Raj Kapoor, singer Mukesh, and composer duo Shankar–Jaikishan, he wrote lyrics for several successful Hindi film songs in the 1950s and 1960s. He has also written songs in the Bhojpuri language for early Bhojpuri movies as his mother tongue was Bhojpuri.

Mukesh (singer)
Mukesh Chand Mathur (22 July 1923 – 27 August 1976), better known mononymously as Mukesh, was an Indian playback singer. He is considered to be one of the most popular and acclaimed playback singers of the Hindi film industry. Among the numerous nominations and awards he won, his song "Kai Baar Yuhi Dekha Hai" from the film Rajnigandha (1973) won him the National Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer.

Mukesh was also popular as being the voice of actors Raj Kapoor, Manoj Kumar, Feroz Khan, Sunil Dutt and Dilip Kumar.
Skinpah
The Skinpah (Sahaptin: Sk'inłáma, pronounced [skʼinˈɬama]) were a Sahaptin-speaking people of the Tenino dialect living along the northern bank of the Columbia River in what is now south-central Washington. They were first recorded as the E-nee-shers in 1805 by Lewis and Clark. Their village, Sk'in, was located adjacent to Celilo Falls in modern-day Klickitat County.

They were signatories of the Yakama Treaty of 1855 at Walla Walla, and were relocated onto the Yakama Reservation as one of the fourteen constituent bands incorporated into the Yakama Nation. Some Skinpah returned to Celilo Falls after relocation, living in Sk'in in close association with the Tenino Wayámpam band until the area was buried under Lake Celilo by the 1957 completion of The Dalles Dam. As a result, some enrolled with the Warm Springs Indian Reservation and contributed to the founding of Celilo Village.

Celilo Falls
Celilo Falls (/səˈlaɪloʊ/; Tenino: Wyam, meaning "echo of falling water" or "sound of water upon the rocks," in several native languages) was a tribal fishing area on the Columbia River, just east of the Cascade Mountains, on what is today the border between the U.S. states of Oregon and Washington. The name refers to a series of cascades and waterfalls on the river, as well as to the native settlements and trading villages that existed there in various configurations for 15,000 years. Celilo was the oldest continuously inhabited community on the North American continent until 1957, when the falls and nearby settlements were submerged by the construction of The Dalles Dam. In 2019, there were calls by tribal leaders to restore the falls.
Energy Act 2013
The Energy Act 2013 (c. 32) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom, relating to the energy sector. It succeeded the Energy Act 2010. The Act focuses on setting decarbonisation targets for the UK, and reforming the electricity market. The act was intended by Secretary of State for Energy and Climate Change Ed Davey to "attract investment to bring about a once-in-a-generation transformation of our electricity market".

Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero
The Secretary of State for Energy Security and Net Zero is a Secretary of State in the Government of the United Kingdom, with responsibility for the Department for Energy Security and Net Zero. The incumbent is a member of the Cabinet of the United Kingdom.

The incumbent Secretary of State is Ed Miliband of the Labour Party.
2017 African Amateur Boxing Championships
The 2017 African Amateur Boxing Championships were held in Brazzaville, Republic of the Congo from 18 to 25 June 2017. It was the 19th edition of this event (and the first as a unified championships for men and women) organised by the African governing body for amateur boxing, the African Boxing Confederation (AFBC).

African Amateur Boxing Championships
The African Amateur Boxing Championships is the premier pan-continental annual competition for amateur boxing in Africa.  The championships are organised by the continent's governing body, the African Boxing Union (ABU). The first edition of the tournament took place in 1962.
Humber—St. George's
Humber—St. George's was a federal electoral district in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1949 to 1968.This riding was created in 1949 when Newfoundland joined the Canadian Confederation.

It was abolished in 1966 when it was redistributed into Burin—Burgeo and Humber—St. George's—St. Barbe ridings.

It consisted of the Districts of St. George's-Port au Port, Humber, and St. Barbe and all the unorganised territory bounded on the North by the District of Humber, on the East by the District of Grand Falls, on the South by the District of Burgeo and LaPoile, and on the West by the District of St. George's-Port au Port.

Burin—Burgeo
Burin—Burgeo was a federal electoral district in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1949 to 1979. This riding was created in 1949 when Newfoundland joined the Canadian Confederation. It was abolished in 1976 when it was merged into Burin—St. George's riding.
United Church of Bacon
The United Church of Bacon is an atheist/skeptic philosophical church whose main goals are social progress and raising money for other charities, founded in 2010, by John Whiteside and friends. The church offers all kinds of traditional religious services, including weddings, baptisms, and funerals. Its founder chose a strange name for the church, and its belief in bacon, as a social critique that all churches have strange beliefs, seen from the outside. The church opposes special privileges to religions because religious people are somehow superior to for having strange beliefs. The church promotes separation of church and state, science education and critical thinking, and an end to discrimination against atheists. The official symbol of the organization is two pieces of bacon praying with the sun in the background.

Bacon
Bacon is a type of salt-cured pork made from various cuts, typically the belly or less fatty parts of the back. It is eaten as a side dish (particularly in breakfasts), used as a central ingredient (e.g., the BLT sandwich), or as a flavouring or accent.

Bacon is also used for barding and larding roasts, especially game, including venison and pheasant, and may also be used to insulate or flavour roast joints by being layered onto the meat. The word is derived from the Proto-Germanic *bakkon, meaning 'back meat'.

Meat from other animals, such as beef, lamb, chicken, goat, or turkey, may also be cut, cured, or otherwise prepared to resemble bacon, and may even be referred to as, for example, "turkey bacon". Such use is common in areas with significant Jewish and Muslim populations as both religions prohibit the consumption of pork. Vegetarian bacons such as "soy bacon" also exist.
2018 Oracle Challenger Series – Houston
The 2018 Oracle Challenger Series – Houston was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. This tournament was part of the 2018 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2018 WTA 125K series. The first edition took place at the George R. Brown Tennis Center from November 12 to 18, 2018 in Houston, United States.

2018 WTA 125K series
The WTA 125K series is the secondary professional tennis circuit organised by the Women's Tennis Association. The 2018 WTA 125K series calendar consisted of ten tournaments, each with a total prize fund of $125,000 each except the Oracle Challenger Series that offer $150,000 in prize money. After 2017, Dalian Women's Tennis Open and Hawaii Tennis Open were scrapped while Hua Hin Championships was replaced by Thailand Open, an international WTA event to take place at the same venue, beginning February 2019. 5 new tournaments were introduced in Newport Beach, Indian Wells, Chicago, Houston and Anning which was earlier an ITF event.