hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Keroplatus testaceus
Keroplatus testaceus is a species of fungus gnats belonging to the family Keroplatidae.

It is native to Eurasia. Hans-Jürgen Stammer discovered that the larvae and pupae are bioluminescent, and attributed the light production to the fat body.

Keroplatidae
Keroplatidae is a family of small flies known as fungus gnats. About 950 species are described, but the true number of species is undoubtedly much higher. The long-beaked fungus gnats, formerly placed in a separate family Lygistorrhinidae, have been placed into Keroplatidae as subfamily Lygistorrhininae.  They are generally forest dwellers found in the damp habitats favoured by their host fungi. They can also often be found in caves. Larvae both feed on fungi and are predatory - they can spin webs by secreting acid fluids, which they use to kill smaller invertebrates and capture spores. Some of the predatory larvae cannibalize pupa of their own species. The family notably includes three genera containing bioluminescent larvae.

The fossil record of the family extends back into the Cretaceous, with the oldest named member, Lebanognoriste known from the Barremian aged Lebanese amber, other Cretaceous species are known from the Spanish, Burmese, Bezonnais, Taimyr and Canadian ambers.
2028 United States presidential election
Presidential elections are scheduled to be held in the United States on November 7, 2028, to elect the president and vice president for a term of four years. In the 2024 elections, then-former president Donald Trump won a non-consecutive second term. The Republican Party retained its majority in the House of Representatives and gained control of the Senate. Trump is ineligible for a third term, as the term limits imposed by the Twenty-second Amendment to the United States Constitution prohibit presidents from being elected more than twice. This will be the first presidential election since 2012 where Trump will not be the Republican nominee.

Governor of New Jersey
The governor of New Jersey is the head of government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. The office of governor is an elected position with a four-year term. There is a two consecutive term limit, with no limitation on non-consecutive terms. The official residence of the governor is Drumthwacket, a mansion located in Princeton, New Jersey. The governor's office is located inside the New Jersey State House in Trenton, making New Jersey unique in having the executive's office located in the same building as the legislature. New Jersey is also notable as one of the few states in which the governor's official residence is not located in the state capital.

The first and longest-serving governor of New Jersey was William Livingston, who served from August 31, 1776, to July 25, 1790. A. Harry Moore remains the longest-serving popularly elected governor. The current and 57th governor is Mikie Sherrill, a Democrat who assumed office on January 20, 2026.
Origins of the Hermit Friars of the Order of Saint Augustine and Their True Establishment Before the Great Lateran Council
Origen de los frayles ermitaños de la Orden de San Augustin y su verdadera institucion antes del gran Concilio Lateranense (”Origins of the Hermit Friars of the Order of Saint Augustine and Their True Establishment Before the Great Lateran Council”) is a 1618 work by the Augustinian scholar Juan Márquez, Royal preacher and Chair of Theology at the University of Salamanca. It contributed to a long-running debate within the Augustinian order as to whether the friars (hermits) or the canons were the older-established foundation. Márquez argued that the hermits were the more ancient establishment.: 15, 16

Canon regular
The Canons Regular are Catholic priests and religious brothers (canons) who live in community under a rule (Latin: regula and κανών, kanon, in Greek) and are generally organised into religious orders, differing from both secular canons and other forms of religious life, such as clerics regular, designated by a partly similar terminology. As religious communities, they have lay brothers as part of the community. Canons regular generally follow the Rule of Saint Augustine.

At times, the life of canons regular has been very popular. In 12th-century England, there were more houses of canons (often referred to as an abbey or canonry) than monasteries of monks.
Polyforum Chiapas
The Centro de Convenciones y Polyforum Chiapas, also known as Poliforum Mesoamericano, is a 3,875-seat indoor arena located in Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Mexico. It was built in 1994. It is used for concerts, basketball, lucha libre, conventions and other special events.

The Polyforum contains 41,170 square feet (3,825 m2) of total space. Unlike most arenas built in the 1990s, the Polyforum contains a permanent stage allowing it to also be used for stage shows. Seating is divided between permanent seats on the risers and removable floor seating

The Polyforum is the flagship facility of the Centro de Convenciones Chiapas which also includes two exhibit halls, one measuring 15,123 square feet (1,405.0 m2) of space and a grand hall measuring 11,840 square feet (1,100 m2) of space, for a grand total of 26,964 square feet (2,505.0 m2) of space. There are also three meeting rooms, a 100-seat auditorium, an on-site restaurant, and various high-rise buildings with governmental offices.

Tuxtla Gutiérrez
Tuxtla Gutiérrez, or Tuxtla, (Spanish: [ˈtuɣstla ɣuˈtjeres] ⓘ, Nahuatl: [ˈtuʃt͡ɬa]) is the capital and the largest city of the Mexican southeastern state of Chiapas. It is the seat of the municipality of the same name, which is the most developed and populous in the state. A busy government, commercial and services-oriented city, Tuxtla had one of the fastest-growing rates in Mexico over the last 40 years. Unlike many other areas in Chiapas, it is not a major tourist attraction, but a transportation hub for tourists coming into the state, with a large airport and a bus terminal.
Yttrium orthovanadate
Yttrium orthovanadate (YVO4) is a transparent crystal. Undoped YVO4 is used to make efficient high-power polarizing prisms similar to Glan–Taylor prisms. With a chemical structure very similar to wakefieldite ([La,Ce,Nd,Y]VO4), it is also sometimes used as a synthetic gemstone since the former is prohibitively rare.

There are two principal applications for doped yttrium orthovanadate:

Doped with neodymium it forms Nd:YVO4, an active laser medium used in diode-pumped solid-state lasers.

Doped with europium it forms Eu:YVO4, the dominant red  phosphor used in cathode-ray tubes especially in color TVs.

Dopant
A dopant (also called a doping agent) is a small amount of a substance added to a material to alter its physical properties, such as electrical or optical properties. The amount of dopant is typically very low compared to the material being doped.

When doped into crystalline substances, the dopant's atoms get incorporated into the crystal lattice of the substance. The crystalline materials are frequently either crystals of a semiconductor such as silicon and germanium for use in solid-state electronics, or transparent crystals for use in the production of various laser types; however, in some cases of the latter, noncrystalline substances such as glass can also be doped with impurities.

In solid-state electronics using the proper types and amounts of dopants in semiconductors is what produces the p-type semiconductors and n-type semiconductors that are essential for making transistors and diodes.
2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup Group C
Group C of the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup was the group stage of the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup for the Dominican Republic, Turkey, the United States, Finland, New Zealand and Ukraine. Each team played each other once, for a total of five games per team, with all of the games played at Bizkaia Arena, Barakaldo (at Greater Bilbao). After all of the games were played, the four teams with the best records qualified for the final round.

2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup final round
The final round of the 2014 FIBA Basketball World Cup is the knockout stage of the competition. The top four teams from the preliminary round groups shall qualify in the single-elimination tournament. The losers in the semifinals will play for the bronze medal. Teams from Groups A and B shall play at the Palacio de Deportes de la Comunidad de Madrid in Madrid, while those from Groups C and D shall play at the Palau Sant Jordi in Barcelona. The third place game and the final shall be held at the Madrid arena.

The order of games for the round of 16 and quarterfinals shall be determined after the teams are known.
Tenkai Knights
Tenkai Knights (Japanese: テンカイナイト, Hepburn: Tenkai Naito) is a 2014 Japanese-Canadian mecha anime series based on a toy line by Spin Master, produced by Shogakukan-Shueisha Productions, Spin Master Entertainment and TV Tokyo and animated by Bones. It was directed by Mitsuru Hongo, with Jin Kanada and Hiroshi Ōnogi handling series scripts, Toshihiro Kawamoto and Shigeru Fujita designing the characters, Takayuki Yanase and Fujirō designing the 3DCG characters and MONACA composing the music. The series officially aired on Cartoon Network in the United States on August 24, 2013, and in Canada on Teletoon on September 28, 2013. After a year, it premiered on TV Tokyo and its affiliate stations on April 5, 2014.

In North America, the toys have been on sale since December 2013.

Bones (studio)
Bones Inc. (Japanese: 株式会社ボンズ, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Bonzu) is a Japanese animation studio, with headquarters located in Igusa, Suginami, Tokyo. It has produced numerous series, including RahXephon, No. 6, Wolf's Rain, Scrapped Princess, Eureka Seven, Angelic Layer, Darker than Black, Soul Eater, Ouran High School Host Club, both the 2003 and 2009 adaptations of Fullmetal Alchemist, Star Driver, Gosick, Mob Psycho 100, Space Dandy, Noragami, Bungo Stray Dogs, Gachiakuta, and My Hero Academia.
Bangavan
Bangavan is a village in Salarpur block, Budaun district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its village code is 128500. As per the report of 2011 Census of India, The total population of the village is 857, where 454 are males and 403 are females. The village is administrated by Gram Panchayat.

Salarpur, Budaun
Salarpur is a Block and village panchayat in Budaun district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Its block code is 0180. 67 panchayat of Budaun district comes under Salarpur block. According to 2011 Census of India, the total houses in Salarpur is 27,767 and total population is 1,68,197 out of 90,637 are males and 77,560 are females.
2000 United States Senate election in Michigan
The 2000 United States Senate election in Michigan was held on November 7, 2000. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Spencer Abraham ran for re-election to a second term, but he was narrowly defeated by his Democratic opponent, congresswoman Debbie Stabenow. Stabenow subsequently made history as the first woman to represent Michigan in the United States Senate. By a margin of 1.6%, this election was the second-closest race of the 2000 Senate election cycle, behind only the election in Washington.

Following his defeat, Abraham would later be appointed United States Secretary of Energy by George W. Bush and served from 2001 to 2005.

2000 United States Senate election in Washington
The 2000 United States Senate election in Washington was held on November 7, 2000. Incumbent Republican U.S. Senator Slade Gorton was seeking reelection to a third consecutive term, and a fourth overall, but he was unseated for a second time by a very narrow margin (the first time being in 1986) by former Congresswoman Maria Cantwell. The race was the most expensive contest in the state's history at the time.

By a margin of 0.09%, this election was the closest race of the 2000 Senate election cycle. Cantwell's victory was credited to her strength in the Puget Sound suburbs of Seattle, where she performed well. The campaign proved an expensive affair, with Cantwell spending almost $10 million of her own money she made at RealNetworks on her campaign.

Maria Cantwell's inauguration on January 3, 2001 marked the first time since 1981 that Democrats held both Senate seats from Washington. This is the last time a U.S. senator from Washington lost re-election.
Matt Jaskol
Matthew Allen Jaskol (born October 15, 1984) is an American professional auto racing driver and spotter. He has competed in a variety of different racing disciplines including kart, open-wheel, and stock car racing (including the NASCAR Xfinity and Truck Series). As a spotter, Jaskol won the 2016 Indianapolis 500 as the spotter for Alexander Rossi.

After spending much of his early career in karting, Jaskol became a member of the Red Bull Driver Search and competed in Formula BMW USA, where he won Red Bull's first race in North America in 2004. The following year, he won the American Speed Association Speed Truck Challenge championship. He would later race in the Indy Pro Series and the NASCAR Whelen All-American Series.

He also works as a skydiver, driving instructor, and stunt driver.

SKUSA SuperNationals
The Superkarts! USA (SKUSA; /skuːzə/ SKOO-zə) SuperNationals, also known as the SKUSA SuperNats, is a kart racing competition organized by Superkarts! USA, taking place in and around Las Vegas, Nevada. Hosted annually since 1997, it is the largest karting competition in North America.

Several past entrants have progressed to premier motor racing series, such as Formula One, the NASCAR Cup Series, and the IndyCar Series. These have included two Formula One World Drivers' Champions: Michael Schumacher and Max Verstappen.
Hutnik Warsaw
Hutnik Warszawa, known in English as Hutnik Warsaw, is a Polish professional football club based in the Bielany district of Warsaw, Poland. It was founded on 21 April 1957 as Hutniczy Klub Sportowy (Steelworkers' Sports Club) and renamed Bielański Klub Sportowy (Bielany Sports Club) in 2001.

I liga
The 1 Liga (Pierwsza liga [ˈpjɛrfʂa ˈliɡa], lit. 'First League'), referred to as the Betclic 1 Liga for sponsorship reasons, is the men's second professional association football division of the Polish football league system, below the Ekstraklasa and above the II liga via promotion/relegation systems. It is run by the Polish Football Association (PZPN) since its inception on 30 May 1948. The league was renamed from Second League (II liga) to First League (I liga) in 2008. It is currently contested by 18 teams; from 2002, all clubs onwards must have a licence, issued by the Association.

Before 1939, there were several plans to create a second, national level of Polish football system, but all failed. Instead, there were regional leagues of most Polish provinces, the so-called A Classes (see also Lower Level Football Leagues in Interwar Poland).
Baraftab-e Bi
Baraftab-e Bi (Persian: برافتاب بي, also Romanized as Barāftāb-e Bī; also known as Barāftāb-e Bagī and Barāftāb-e Beygī) is a village in Bijnavand Rural District, in the Zagros District of Chardavol County, Ilam Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 524, in 110 families. The village is populated by Kurds.

Bijnavand Rural District
Bijnavand Rural District (Persian: دهستان بيجنوند) is in Zagros District of Chardavol County, Ilam province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Zir Tang. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Balavah Tareh-ye Sofla, now the city of Balavah.
2012–13 NC State Wolfpack men's basketball team
The 2012–13 NC State Wolfpack men's basketball team represented North Carolina State University in the 2012–13 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The team's head coach was Mark Gottfried in his second season. The team played their home games at PNC Arena in Raleigh, North Carolina, as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference. They finished the season 24–11, 11–7 in ACC play to finish in a tie for fourth place. They advanced to the semifinals of the ACC tournament where they lost to Miami (FL). They received an at-large bid to the 2013 NCAA tournament where they lost in the second round to Temple.

2013 ACC men's basketball tournament
The 2013 Atlantic Coast Conference men's basketball tournament took place from March 14 to 17 at the Greensboro Coliseum in Greensboro, North Carolina.  For the second consecutive year, a team from the state of Florida captured its first-ever ACC Men's Basketball Tournament title, as the Miami Hurricanes won the championship. The 2013 tournament was the final ACC Tournament with 12 teams, as Pittsburgh, Syracuse, and Notre Dame joined the ACC for the 2013–14 season.
Transponder landing system
A transponder landing system (TLS) is an all-weather, precision landing system that uses existing airborne transponder and instrument landing system (ILS) equipment to create a precision approach at a location where an ILS would normally not be available.

Trilateration
Trilateration is the use of distances (or "ranges") for determining the unknown position coordinates of a point of interest. When more than three distances are involved, it may also be called multilateration, for emphasis. The point of interest is often around Earth (geopositioning).

The distances or ranges might be ordinary Euclidean distances (slant ranges) or spherical distances (scaled central angles), as in true-range multilateration; or biased distances (pseudo-ranges), as in pseudo-range multilateration.

Trilateration or multilateration should not be confused with triangulation, which uses angles for positioning; and direction finding, which determines the line of sight direction to a target without determining the radial distance.
Staffordshire/Warwickshire 2
Staffordshire/Warwickshire 2 was a tier 11 English Rugby Union league with teams from Staffordshire and Warwickshire taking part.  Promoted teams moved up to Staffordshire/Warwickshire 1 and relegated teams dropped to Staffordshire/Warwickshire 3.  Restructuring of the Staffordshire/Warwickshire leagues at the end of the 1995–96 season meant that the division was cancelled and all teams transferred into Staffordshire/Warwickshire 1.

Staffordshire 2
Staffordshire 2 was a tier 10 English Rugby Union league with teams from Staffordshire taking part.  Promoted teams moved up to Staffordshire 1 and there was no relegation.  Staffordshire 2 was cancelled at the end of the 2003–04 season and all teams transferred into Staffordshire 1.
Antoine de Seguiran
Antoine de Seguiran, called chevalier de Seguiran, was an 18th-century French soldier and encyclopédiste. De Seguiran was from a military family from Arles. In October 1766, he married Pauline Le Breton, a former fiancée to Beaumarchais.

Chevalier de Seguiran wrote two articles for the Encyclopédie by Diderot and D'Alembert: Vérité (truth) and Vertu. Diderot added the sensualist point of view on the latter.

Encyclopédistes
The Encyclopédistes (French: [ɑ̃siklɔpedist]) (also known in British English as Encyclopaedists, or in U.S. English as Encyclopedists) were contributors to the Encyclopédie, the first encyclopedia with signed contributions from numerous collaborators. The Encyclopédie (1751-72) was edited by Jean-Paul De Gua de Malves from 1746 to 1747, co-edited by Denis Diderot and Jean le Rond d'Alembert from 1747 to 1758, and edited by Diderot alone through 1772.
2024 Armed Forces Bowl
The 2024 Armed Forces Bowl was a college football bowl game played on December 27, 2024, at Amon G. Carter Stadium located in Fort Worth, Texas. The 22nd annual Armed Forces Bowl featured Oklahoma and Navy. The game began at approximately 11:00 a.m. CST and aired on ESPN. The Armed Forces Bowl was one of the 2024–25 bowl games concluding the 2024 FBS football season. The game was officially named the Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl after its corporate sponsor Lockheed Martin.

Armed Forces Bowl
The Armed Forces Bowl, formerly the Fort Worth Bowl from 2003 to 2005, is an annual postseason college football bowl game. First played in 2003, the game is normally held at the 45,000-seat Amon G. Carter Stadium on the campus of Texas Christian University in Fort Worth, Texas. The 2010 and 2011 editions were instead played at Gerald J. Ford Stadium in University Park, Texas, when Amon G. Carter Stadium underwent a reconstruction project. Since 2014, the game has been sponsored by Lockheed Martin and is officially known as the Lockheed Martin Armed Forces Bowl. Previous sponsors include Bell Helicopter (2006–2013) and PlainsCapital Bank (2003–2004).

The contest is one of 14 bowls produced by ESPN Events (previously ESPN Regional Television) and has been televised annually on ESPN since its inception. Armed Forces Insurance is the official Insurance Partner of the Armed Forces Bowl and has sponsored the Great American Patriot Award, presented at halftime at the bowl, since 2006.
Petzite
The mineral petzite, Ag3AuTe2, is a soft, steel-gray telluride mineral generally deposited by hydrothermal activity. It forms isometric crystals, and is usually associated with rare tellurium and gold minerals, often with silver, mercury, and copper.

The name comes from chemist W. Petz, who first analyzed the mineral from the type locality in Săcărâmb, Transylvania, Romania in 1845. It was described by Wilhelm Karl Ritter von Haidinger in 1845 and dedicated to W. Petz who had carried out the first analyses.

It occurs with other tellurides in vein gold deposits. It is commonly associated with native gold, hessite, sylvanite, krennerite, calaverite, altaite, montbrayite, melonite,
frohbergite, tetradymite, rickardite, vulcanite and pyrite.

Petzite forms together with uytenbogaardtite (Ag3AuS2) and fischesserite (Ag3AuSe2) the uytenbogaardtite group.

Melonite
Melonite is a telluride of nickel; it is a metallic mineral. Its chemical formula is NiTe2.  It is opaque and white to reddish-white in color, oxidizing in air to a brown tarnish.

It was first described from the Melones and Stanislaus mine in Calaveras County, California in 1866, by Frederick Augustus Genth.

Melonite occurs as trigonal crystals, which cleave in a (0001) direction. It has a specific gravity of 7.72 and a hardness of 1–1.5 (very soft).
Wave setup
In fluid dynamics, wave setup is the increase in mean water level due to the presence of breaking waves. Similarly, wave setdown is a wave-induced decrease of the mean water level before the waves break (during the shoaling process). For short, the whole phenomenon is often denoted as wave setup, including both increase and decrease of mean elevation. This setup is primarily present in and near the coastal surf zone. Besides a spatial variation in the (mean) wave setup, also a variation in time may be present – known as surf beat – causing infragravity wave radiation.

Wave setup can be mathematically modeled by considering the variation in radiation stress. Radiation stress is the tensor of excess horizontal-momentum fluxes due to the presence of the waves.

Surf zone
The surf zone or breaker zone is the nearshore part of a body of open water between the line at which the waves break and the shore. As ocean surface waves approach a shore, they interact with the bottom, get taller and steeper, and break, forming the foamy surface called surf. The region of breaking waves defines the surf zone. After breaking in the surf zone, the waves (now reduced in height) continue to move in, and they run up onto the sloping front of the beach, forming an uprush of water called swash.  The water then runs back again as backwash. The water in the surf zone is relatively shallow, depending on the height and period of the waves.
2011 BWF Super Series Finals
The 2011 BWF Super Series Finals was a top level badminton competition which was held from December 14 to December 18, 2011 in Liuzhou, China. The final was held by Chinese Badminton Association and sponsored by Li-Ning. It was the final event of the BWF Super Series competition on the 2011 BWF Super Series schedule. The total purse for the event was $500,000.

BWF Super Series Finals
The BWF Super Series Finals (named as BWF Super Series Masters Finals until 2009) was an annual badminton tournament held at the end of the year where the players with the most points from that calendar year's twelve events of the BWF Super Series competed for total prize money of at least US$ 1,000,000. It was replaced by BWF World Tour Finals in 2018.