hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Focko Ukena
Focko Ukena (1360 or 1370 – 1435) was an East Frisian chieftain (hovetling) who played an important part in the struggle between the Vetkopers and Schieringers in the provinces of Groningen and Friesland. Aside from this he was one of the leading figures in the resistance against the forts of stately authority in East-Frisia of the tom Brok family.

East Frisian chieftains
The East Frisian chieftains (German: Häuptlinge, Low German: hovetlinge / hovedlinge) assumed positions of power in East Frisia during the course of the 14th century, after the force of the old, egalitarian constitution from the time of Frisian Freedom had markedly waned.
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Michigan
The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Michigan refers to the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) and its members in Michigan. Members of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints arrived in Michigan in the 1830s, and while the Church did not continue to have an organized presence in the state from the late 1850s into the 1870s, missionary work was reopened then by Cyrus Wheelock and has progressed steadily since.

The official church membership as a percentage of general population was 0.44% in 2014. According to the 2014 Pew Forum on Religion & Public Life survey, less than 1% of Michiganders self-identify themselves most closely with The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints. The LDS Church is the 13th largest denomination in Michigan.

Today there are more than 45,000 church members in the state in nearly 100 congregations. A temple in Detroit was dedicated in 1999 with a temple announced to be constructed in Grand Rapids.

Stake (Latter Day Saints)
A stake is an administrative unit composed of multiple congregations in certain denominations of the Latter Day Saint movement. The name "stake" derives from the Book of Isaiah: "enlarge the place of thy tent; stretch forth the curtains of thine habitation; spare not, lengthen thy cords, and strengthen thy stakes" (Isaiah 54:2). A stake is sometimes referred to as a stake of Zion.
Peter Lenes
Peter Lenes (born April 3, 1986) is a former American ice hockey player. He last played for the EC Kitzbuhel of the Alps Hockey League.

Prior to turning professional, Lenes attended the University of Vermont where he played four seasons of NCAA Division I college hockey with the Vermont Catamounts men's ice hockey team where he scored 46 goals and 46 assists for 92 points in 148 games.

On January 11, 2012, the Trenton Titans of the ECHL traded Lenes, along with defenseman Jordon Southorn, to the Wheeling Nailers in exchange for future considerations.

On July 31, 2013, Lenes returned for to attempt a second stint in Austria, signing a try-out deal as a free agent with Dornbirner EC.

Lenes has since retired from playing professional hockey and started a hockey training and development company with former NHLer and University of Vermont teammate Torrey Mitchell.

Jordon Southorn
Jordon Southorn (born May 15, 1990) is a Canadian professional ice hockey defenceman. He is currently playing for Sheffield Steelers of the Elite Ice Hockey League.

He was selected by the Buffalo Sabres in the fourth round (104th overall) of the 2008 NHL Entry Draft.
François Bonamy
François Bonamy (10 May 1710 in Nantes – 5 January 1786 in Nantes) was a French botanist and physician. He was the grandfather of adventurer Paul de la Gironière (1797–1862).

In 1735 he obtained his medical doctorate, and for nearly fifty years, he taught classes in botany. At the University of Nantes, he served as regent to the medical faculty, as procureur général and as an academic rector. In 1737 he was named directeur de l'établissement of the Jardin des plantes de Nantes. At his own expense, he maintained an botanical garden containing exotic plants.

He was a founding member of the Société d'agriculture de Bretagne and a corresponding member of the Académie des belles-lettres, sciences et arts de La Rochelle.

The botanical genus Bonamia (family Convolvulaceae) was named in his honour by Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars.

Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars
Louis-Marie Aubert du Petit-Thouars (5 November 1758, Bournois – 12 May 1831, Paris) was a French botanist known for his work collecting and describing orchids from the three islands of Madagascar, Mauritius and Réunion. The standard author abbreviation Thouars is used to indicate this person as the author when citing a botanical name.
Tyldesley Top Chapel
The Tyldesley Top Chapel (grid reference SD695019) is a chapel in Tyldesley. It is a Grade II Listed building.

Top Chapel was built in 1789 on a site of 1,300 square yards at the top of Tyldesley Banks opposite the Square. The site and building materials were all provided by Thomas Johnson. It was properly known as "The Lady Huntingdon Chapel" but became known as Top Chapel because of its position at the top of Astley Street. Its first minister was J. Johnson who was ordained at Spa Fields Chapel London by the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion.

Lady Selina Hastings, the Countess of Huntingdon had been greatly influenced by John Wesley and George Whitefield and set up the Calvinistic Connexion within the Methodist Church. The Connexion still has several chapels, mostly in the south of England.

Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon
Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon (née Shirley; 24 August 1707 – 17 June 1791) was an English  Methodist leader who played a prominent part in the religious revival of the 18th century and the Methodist movement in England and Wales. She founded an evangelical branch in England and Sierra Leone, known as the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion.

She helped finance and guide early Methodism and was the first principal of Trevecca College, Wales, established in 1768 to train Methodist ministers. With the construction of 64 chapels in England and Wales, plus mission work in colonial America, she is estimated to have spent over £100,000 on these activities, a huge sum when a family of four could live on £31 per year.

A regular correspondent of George Whitefield and John Wesley, she is also remembered for her adversarial relationships with other Methodists.
Cecil B. DeMille Stakes
The Cecil B. DeMille Stakes is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race for two-year-olds over a distance of one mile on the turf track scheduled annually in November at Del Mar Racetrack in Del Mar, California. The event currently carries a purse of $100,000.

Del Mar Fairgrounds
The Del Mar Fairgrounds is an event venue in Del Mar, California, United States. It hosts the annual San Diego County Fair. The venue sits on a 370-acre (1.5 km2) property along the Pacific Ocean coastline. It includes the Del Mar Racetrack, built in 1936 by the Del Mar Thoroughbred Club, with founding member Bing Crosby providing leadership.

The Del Mar Fairgrounds and Del Mar Thoroughbred Club share one address for the complex. The site is owned by the State of California and is managed by the 22nd District Agricultural Association, a state agency that hosts more than 300 annual events. Its staff organizes major annual events and runs Surfside Race Place, the year-round satellite horse racing facility. The Del Mar Thoroughbred Club leases the facilities for their live meets each year.
Wockia
Wockia is a genus of moths in the family Urodidae containing around 10 described species. Individuals are small and relatively dull gray in color.

Larvae (caterpillars) are known to feed on plants in the family Salicaceae, with W. asperipunctella feeding on species of  willows (Salix) and Populus, while W. chewbacca feeds on the leaves of the Casearia, albeit it avoids the veins to prevent any indigestion.
The species in the Wockia genus do not have a long development time, which allows for multiple generations to occur. Specifically, the W. chewbacca takes typically two weeks to develop from egg to pupa and then another ten days in a cocoon to become an adult.

Urodidae
Urodidae, whose species are commonly known as false burnet moths, is a family of moths in the lepidopteran order. It is the type genus in the superfamily, Urodoidea, with three genera, one of which, Wockia, occurs in Europe.
Scobee (crater)
Scobee is a lunar impact crater that lies within the northeastern part of the huge walled plain Apollo, just outside the inner mountain ring of that feature. Scobee is located due south of the crater Barringer, itself along the edge of the outer rim. Attached to the southwestern outer rim of Scobee is the smaller Smith.

This is a worn and eroded crater formation. The rim has an outward bulge along the north-northwestern side. The interior floor is relatively featureless, except for some pitting from tiny craterlets.

Apollo (crater)
Apollo, also called the Apollo , is a large impact crater located  on the far side of the Moon, in the southern hemisphere. It was previously known as Basin XVI; in 1970 it was officially named after the Apollo missions by the International Astronomical Union.

The Chang'e 6 spacecraft landed within Apollo basin in 2024, collected samples of the surface, then brought them to Earth for analysis.
Eric Andersen (artist)
Eric Andersen (born 1940 in Antwerp) is a Danish artist associated with the Fluxus art movement. He lives in Copenhagen, Denmark.

Eric Andersen's artistic activities invite the audience to look at life from new, unexpected perspectives. It can deal with widely different phenomena such as: composing music, the function of museum institutions, the postal system, art or ethnological collecting to natural phenomena such as our circulation around the sun or the functions of or scent. His activity is intermedial, that is to say that he does not use traditional artist's materials and that meant that he and others broke with what kind of issues/subjects art could include.

Computer art
Computer art is art in which computers play a role in the production or display of the artwork. Such art can be an image, sound, animation, video, CD-ROM, DVD-ROM, video game, website, algorithm, performance or gallery installation. Many traditional disciplines are now integrating digital technologies and, as a result, the lines between traditional works of art and new media works created using computers has been blurred. For instance, an artist may combine traditional painting with algorithm art and other digital techniques.   As a result, defining computer art by its end product can thus be difficult.  Computer art is bound to change over time since changes in technology and software directly affect what is possible.
Zampini railway station
Zampani railway station (station code:ZPI) is an Indian Railway station, located in Zampani of Guntur district in Andhra Pradesh. It is situated on the Tenali–Repalle branch line and is administered by Guntur railway division of South Coast Railway zone. It is classified as an F-category station in terms of revenue and passenger footfalls.: 11

Guntur railway division
Guntur railway division is one of the six divisions of the South Coast Railway zone of Indian Railways. The division was sanctioned in 1995–96 and was fully operational on 1 April 2003, with its headquarters at Guntur. The Rail Vikas Bhavan in Pattabhipuram area of Guntur, serves as the office of Divisional Railway Manager. The present divisional manager is M. Ramakrishna.
New Zealand–United States relations
New Zealand is a major non-NATO ally of the United States.

United States and New Zealand share comparable histories; both nations grew from British colonies and both have indigenous populations of East Polynesian descent (Māori and Native Hawaiians). Both nations are known for their proximity to the Pacific Ocean, and the New Zealand-United States relationship is a key factor of Asia-Pacific geopolitics. Both states have also been part of a Western alliance of states in various wars. Together with three other Anglophone countries, they comprise the Five Eyes espionage and intelligence alliance.

Royal New Zealand Navy
The Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN; Māori: Te Taua Moana o Aotearoa, lit. 'the Sea War Party of New Zealand') is the maritime arm of the New Zealand Defence Force. The fleet currently consists of eight ships. The Navy had its origins in the Naval Defence Act 1913, and the subsequent acquisition of the cruiser HMS Philomel, which by 1921 had been moored in Auckland as a training ship. A slow buildup occurred during the interwar period, and then in December 1939 HMS Achilles fought alongside two other Royal Navy cruisers at the Battle of the River Plate against the German ship, Graf Spee.
Pacheco State Park
Pacheco State Park is a California State Park to the south of Pacheco Pass in the Diablo Range,  located mostly in western Merced County, California but extending into southeastern Santa Clara County and near Hollister in San Benito County. Located 24 miles (39 km) west of Los Banos, California and 20 miles (32 km) east of Gilroy, the park entrance is on Dinosaur Point Road, a short distance from California State Route 152 near Pacheco Pass. The park contains 6,890 acres (2,790 ha), though only the western 2,600 acres (1,100 ha) to the west are open to the public. The eastern two-thirds of the park are closed due to an underdeveloped trail system and safety concerns over the numerous wind turbines that are located in the Gonzaga Wind Farm that occupies the area. In 2018, it was announced that the 1980s-era turbines would be replaced with more efficient models, which would increase power production capacity from the original 16.5 megawatts (MW) to as much as 80 MW.

California State Parks
California State Parks is the state park system for the U.S. state of California. The system is administered by the California Department of Parks and Recreation, a department under the California Natural Resources Agency. The California State Parks system is the largest state park system in the United States.

California State Parks administers 279 separate park units on 1.4 million acres (5,700 km2), with over 280 miles (450 km) of California coastline; 625 miles (1,006 km) of lake and river frontage; nearly 15,000 campsites; and 3,000 miles (4,800 km) of hiking, biking, and equestrian trails. Headquartered in Sacramento, park administration is divided into 21 districts.
Deogarh, Madhya Pradesh
Deogarh, also known as Devgarh, is a village in Mohkhed tehsil of Chhindwara District of the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. It is located 24 miles southwest of Chhindwara, picturesquely situated on a crest of the hills. It was the centre of the Gond kingdom of Deogarh.

Chhindwara
Chhindwara is a city and Municipal Corporation in Chhindwara district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. The city is the administrative headquarters of Chhindwara District. Chhindwara is reachable by rail or road from adjacent cities Betul, Jabalpur and Nagpur. The nearest airport is in Nagpur, although there is a small airport located in the district which is not serviceable for passenger planes.
Gurab Javar
Gurab Javar (Persian: گوراب جوار, also Romanized as Gūrāb Javār) is a village in Kurka Rural District, in the Central District of Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh County, Gilan Province, Iran. At the 2016 census, its population was 289, in 106 families. Down from 373 people in 2006.

Kurka Rural District
Kurka Rural District (Persian: دهستان كوركا) is in the Central District of Astaneh-ye Ashrafiyeh County, Gilan province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Kashal-e Azad Sara. The previous capital of the rural district was the former village of Kurka.
Rathke's pouch
In embryogenesis, Rathke's pouch is an evagination at the roof of the developing mouth in front of the buccopharyngeal membrane. It gives rise to the anterior pituitary (adenohypophysis), a part of the endocrine system.

Buccopharyngeal membrane
The region where the crescentic masses of the ectoderm and endoderm come into direct contact with each other constitutes a thin membrane, the buccopharyngeal membrane (or oropharyngeal membrane), which forms a septum between the primitive mouth and pharynx. In front of the buccopharyngeal area, where the lateral crescents of mesoderm fuse in the middle line, the pericardium is afterward developed, and this region is therefore designated the pericardial area.

The buccopharyngeal membranes serve as a respiratory surface in a wide variety of amphibians and reptiles. In this type of respiration, membranes in the mouth and throat are permeable to oxygen and carbon dioxide. In some species that remain submerged in water for long periods, gas exchange by this route can be significant.
2019 ATP Finals
The 2019 ATP Finals (also known as the 2019 Nitto ATP Finals for Nitto sponsorship) was a men's tennis year-end tournament played at the O2 Arena on indoor hard courts in London, United Kingdom, from 10 to 17 November 2019. It was the season-ending event for the highest-ranked singles players and doubles teams on the 2019 ATP Tour and was the 50th edition of the tournament (45th in doubles). The singles event was won by Stefanos Tsitsipas over Dominic Thiem in three sets. In doubles, Pierre-Hugues Herbert and Nicolas Mahut defeated Raven Klaasen and Michael Venus in straight sets.

ATP Masters 1000 tournaments
The ATP Masters 1000 tournaments, also known as Masters 1000 or ATP 1000 events, are an annual series of nine tennis tournaments featuring the top-ranked players on the ATP Tour since its inception in 1990. The ATP 1000 tournaments, sitting below the Grand Slam tournaments and the year-end championships, make up the most coveted trophies on the annual ATP Tour calendar. In addition to the quadrennial Summer Olympics, they are collectively known as the 'Big Titles'.
Novak Djokovic holds the record for the most ATP 1000 singles titles with 40. By completing the career set of all nine current ATP 1000 series singles titles in 2018, Djokovic became the first and only player to achieve the career Golden Masters. In 2020, Djokovic completed a second career Golden Masters.
In doubles, the Bryan brothers (Bob and Mike) won a record 39 doubles titles as a team. Daniel Nestor and the Bryan brothers are the only doubles players to achieve the career Golden Masters.
SU-122-44
The SU-122-44 was a Soviet self-propelled gun (SPG) designed in early 1944 with a  122 mm (4.8 in) D-25S gun, with its fighting compartment situated at the front of the hull. The "44" in its name referred to the T-44 tank which the design was based on. The front had a sloped 90 mm (3.5 in) armor plate, inclined at 27 degrees. The side armor was 76.2 mm (3.00 in) thick, and the rear was 45 mm (1.8 in) thick. The design was found to be too heavy for the chassis; its competitor, the SU-100-M-2, proved a superior design, and on March 7, 1945, no prototype was built

122 mm gun M1931/37 (A-19)
122 mm corps gun M1931/37 (A-19) (Russian: 122-мм корпусная пушка обр. 1931/1937 гг. (А-19)) was a Soviet field gun developed in late 1930s by combining the barrel of the 122 mm gun M1931 (A-19) and the carriage of the 152 mm howitzer-gun M1937 (ML-20). The gun was in production from 1939 until 1946. It saw action in World War II (primarily with corps and RVGK artillery of the Red Army) and remained in service for a long time after the end of the war. Vehicle-mounted variants of the gun were fitted to the IS-2 and IS-3 tanks of the Iosif Stalin series of tanks and the ISU-122 self-propelled gun.
Harry Herbert Crosby
Lieutenant Colonel Harry Herbert Crosby (April 18, 1919 – July 28, 2010) was an American professor, author and B-17 Flying Fortress navigator. As an officer of the United States Army Air Forces in World War II, he flew 32 combat missions and was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross (with two oak leaf clusters), the Air Medal (with three oak leaf clusters), the Bronze Star, and the Croix de Guerre.

Newton, Massachusetts
Newton is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. It is located roughly 8 miles (13 km) west of Downtown Boston, and comprises a patchwork of thirteen villages. The city borders Boston to the northeast and southeast (via the neighborhoods of Brighton and West Roxbury), Brookline to the east, Watertown and Waltham to the north, and Weston, Wellesley, and Needham to the west. At the 2020 U.S. census, the population of Newton was 88,923.

Newton is home to the Charles River, Crystal Lake, and Heartbreak Hill, among other landmarks. It is served by several streets and highways (including Route 9, Hammond Pond Parkway, and the Mass Pike), as well as the Green Line D branch run by the MBTA.

Historically, the area that is now Newton was settled in 1639, and was originally first part of Cambridge (then called "the newe towne"). It split from Cambridge in 1681, and became known by its present name of Newton in 1766. It then became a city in 1874.
James Nyamweya
James Nyamweya (28 December 1927 – 25 September 1995) was a Kenyan politician who served in ministerial, parastatal, and political party leadership positions in both the Kenyatta and Moi governments from 1965 to 1995. He was Parliamentary Secretary in the Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Affairs, Assistant Minister in the Office of the President, Minister of State in charge of External Affairs Foreign Minister, Minister of State in charge of Provincial Administration, Leader of Government Business in Parliament, Minister for Works, Minister for Power and Communication, Minister for Labour, Chairman Electoral Boundaries Commission, and National Vice Chairman of the Democratic Party.

St. Lawrence University
St. Lawrence University (SLU) is a private liberal arts college in Canton, New York, United States. It has roughly 2,100 undergraduate and 100 graduate students.

Though St. Lawrence today is nonsectarian, it was founded in 1856 by leaders of the Universalist Church, who were seeking to establish a seminary west of New England and were enthusiastically courted by the citizens of Canton. The church almost did not place the school in Canton, however, as they felt students might be exposed to too much "excitement" within the village limits in 1856. The denomination, which has since merged with the Unitarian faith, was part of the liberal wing of Protestantism, championing such ideas as critical thinking and sex equality — attributes that surfaced in the new Theological School of St. Lawrence University, which was progressive in its teaching philosophy and coeducational from the beginning.
Allyl methyl sulfide
Allyl methyl sulfide is an organosulfur compound with the chemical formula CH2=CHCH2SCH3. The molecule features two functional groups, an allyl (CH2=CHCH2) and a sulfide. It is a colourless liquid with a strong odor characteristic of alkyl sulfides. It is a metabolite of garlic, and "garlic breath" and/or "garlic body odor" is attributed to its presence. Consumption of polyphenol-containing foods has been shown to suppress the release of allyl methyl sulfide from the body.

It is prepared by the reaction of allyl chloride with sodium hydroxide and methanethiol.

CH2=CHCH2Cl + NaOH (aq) + CH3SH → CH2=CHCH2SCH3 + NaCl + H2O

Allyl group
In organic chemistry, an allyl group is a substituent with the structural formula −CH2−HC=CH2. It consists of a methylene bridge (−CH2−) attached to a vinyl group (−CH=CH2). The name is derived from the scientific name for garlic, Allium sativum. In 1844, Theodor Wertheim isolated an allyl derivative from garlic oil and named it "Schwefelallyl". The term allyl applies to many compounds related to H2C=CH−CH2, some of which are of practical or of everyday importance, for example, allyl chloride.

Allylation is any chemical reaction that adds an allyl group to a substrate.