hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Affine focal set
In mathematics, and especially affine differential geometry, the affine focal set of a smooth submanifold M embedded in a smooth manifold N is the caustic generated by the affine normal lines. It can be realised as the bifurcation set of a certain family of functions. The bifurcation set is the set of parameter values of the family which yield functions with degenerate singularities. This is not the same as the bifurcation diagram in dynamical systems.

Assume that M is an n-dimensional smooth hypersurface in real (n+1)-space. Assume that M has no points where the second fundamental form is degenerate. From the article affine differential geometry, there exists a unique transverse vector field over M. This is the affine normal vector field, or the Blaschke normal field. A special (i.e. det = 1) affine transformation of real (n + 1)-space will carry the affine normal vector field of M onto the affine normal vector field of the image of M under the transformation.

Transversality
In mathematics, transversality is a notion that describes how spaces can intersect; transversality can be seen as the "opposite" of tangency, and plays a role in general position. It formalizes the idea of a generic intersection in differential topology. It is defined by considering the linearizations of the intersecting spaces at the points of intersection.
Charlie Slade
Charles Howard Slade (29 January 1891 – 7 April 1971) was a professional footballer, who played for Aston Villa, Huddersfield Town, Middlesbrough and Darlington. While at Huddersfield he won the 1921–22 FA Cup and the 1922 FA Charity Shield.

Slade was working as a scout for Crystal Palace when manager Ronnie Rooke resigned, in 1950. Palace appointed Slade as joint-manager with long-serving player, and Rooke's assistant, Fred Dawes. However the club had a poor 1950–51 season and early into the next campaign Dawes and Slade were removed from their positions.

Slade reverted to his position as a scout and remained with Palace until 1955.

Ronnie Rooke
Ronald Leslie Rooke (7 December 1911 – 9 June 1985) was an English footballer who played as a centre forward. During his three decades' playing career, he scored at least 934 goals in 1030 official matches, among which more than 768 league goals at all levels. According to the RSSSF, he is the best league goalscorer of all time, and the fourth overall behind Erwin Helmchen, Josef Bican and Cristiano Ronaldo.
Frank York
Frank B. York (about 1878 in Brooklyn, New York – February 2, 1937, in the Bronx, New York) was the President of the Brooklyn Dodgers of Major League Baseball from 1930 to 1932. He was the son of lawyer Bernard J. York,. He attended Poly Prep in Brooklyn, where he played baseball for the school. He went on to attend Columbia University and Columbia Law School. In 1900, he was named a partner in his father's law firm, which had been handling the legal business of the Dodgers since beginning to represent Charles Ebbets in 1898.

York's legal representation of brothers Stephen and Ed McKeever led to his being handed the job of President after internal disagreements among the Dodgers' front office management led to a settlement imposed by the National League and Wilbert Robinson's resignation as president.

York died on February 2, 1937, of pneumonia after a week-long illness at age 59.

Ed McKeever (baseball owner)
Edward J. McKeever (March 19, 1859 in Brooklyn, New York – April 29, 1925 in New York, New York) was  a construction contractor in Brooklyn in the early 20th-century. McKeever and his brother Stephen bought half of the Brooklyn Dodgers baseball team from Henry Medicus on January 2, 1912. Together with co-owner Charles Ebbets, they built what became Ebbets Field. McKeever served as vice-president of the Dodgers until Charles Ebbets died of a heart attack on April 18, 1925. McKeever became team president, but despite previously being in good health, he caught a cold at Ebbets' funeral and died of influenza a little more than a week later. He was buried in Holy Cross Cemetery in Brooklyn.
Jalamanta
Jalamanta is the stoner rock and Palm Desert scene musician Brant Bjork's debut solo album after leaving Kyuss and joining Fu Manchu. Originally released on October 11, 1999, through Man's Ruin Records, Jalamanta was later re-released on Bjork's own label, Duna Records, in 2003, 2006 and 2009. In 2019, Bjork's current label, Heavy Psych Sounds, released a remixed and remastered version of the album with new artwork.

Fu Manchu (band)
Fu Manchu is an American stoner rock band formed in Orange County, California in 1985. The band underwent multiple lineup changes throughout the 80s and 90s, but has remained consistent since 2001. The band currently consists of founding-guitarist-turned-lead-vocalist Scott Hill, bassist Brad Davis, lead guitarist Bob Balch and drummer Scott Reeder.

Fu Manchu have been long associated with the Palm Desert Scene, alongside bands such as Queens of the Stone Age, Kyuss and Mondo Generator. Monster Riff has described the band as "one of the most loved and revered... bands in the stoner rock world."
Lucia Bronzetti
Lucia Bronzetti (born 10 December 1998) is an Italian professional tennis player. She has career-high WTA rankings of No. 46 in singles, achieved on 8 April 2024, and No. 170 in doubles. She has played three finals and won one singles title on the WTA Tour, at the 2023 Morocco Open, and has also reached nine singles finals on the ITF Women's Circuit, of which she won five. Bronzetti was a member of the Italian squad which reaching three finals in a row and won the 2024 and the 2025 Billie Jean King Cup.

In 2023, as the Italian female number two player, she took part in the first edition of the United Cup, reaching the final but losing to Madison Keys in the singles. In 2025, she was also part of the Hopman Cup pairing with Flavio Cobolli, defeating France and Croatia to reach the final with Canada and losing to Bianca Andreescu.

Hopman Cup
The Hopman Cup is an international tennis tournament that plays mixed teams (one male and one female) on a country-by-country basis. It was first held in Perth, Western Australia each year from 1989 to 2019, played on indoor hardcourt, before being replaced on the calendar in 2020 by the now defunct ATP Cup, which was in turn replaced by the United Cup. The tournament was played in an eight-team format, with the exception for the years 1990-1995, with twelve teams competing. It returned in July 2023 in Nice, France and was played on outdoor clay, with six teams invited to participate. This continued in 2025, with the tournament being held in Bari, Italy on hard courts.
Gulf South Conference women's basketball tournament
The Gulf South Conference women's basketball tournament is the annual conference women's basketball championship tournament for the Gulf South Conference. The tournament has been held annually since 1983, except for a two-year hiatus during 1990 and 1991. It is a single-elimination tournament and seeding is based on regular season records.

The winner receives the Gulf South's automatic bid to the NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament.

NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament
The NCAA Division II women's basketball tournament (officially styled as "Championship" instead of "Tournament") is an annual tournament to determine the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division II women's college basketball national champion.

Basketball was one of 12 women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981–82 school year, as the NCAA and Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women (AIAW) sought for sole governance of women's collegiate athletics. The AIAW continued to conduct its established championships; however, after a year of dual women's championships at the national level, the AIAW disbanded.

The 2020 Elite Eight was due to be held at the Birmingham CrossPlex in Birmingham, AL before the NCAA called off the tournament due to the COVID-19 outbreak.

The field was reduced to 48 in 2021 and returned to the normal 64 in 2022.

Grand Valley State are the defending national champions, winning their second national title in 2025.
Atchison Township, Nodaway County, Missouri
Atchison Township is a township in Nodaway County, Missouri, United States. At the 2020 census, its population was 386. The town of Clearmont lies in its southwest.

Atchison Township was established in April 1845, and named after David Rice Atchison, a United States Senator from Missouri.

Sink Creek sources from the center of this township and flows westerly, passes north of Clearmont, and deposits in the Nodaway River.

Nodaway County, Missouri
Nodaway County is a county located in the northwest part of Missouri. As of the 2020 census, the population was 21,241. Its county seat is Maryville. The county was organized February 14, 1845, and is named for the Nodaway River. It is the largest county by area added to Missouri in the 1836 Platte Purchase and the fifth-largest county by area in Missouri.

Nodaway County comprises the Maryville, MO Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Illacme tobini
Illacme tobini is a species of millipede in the family Siphonorhinidae.
It was discovered in California at Sequoia National Park in 2016. This millipede is part of the Illacme genus, which contains only two other species, Illacme plenipes and Illacme socal.

Illacme socal
Illacme socal is a species of millipede in the family Siphonorhinidae. It was discovered in California at Whiting Ranch Wilderness Park in 2018.

Known as the Los Angeles thread millipede, it is thin and elongate. Like all members of the genus Illacme, I. socal is eyeless, lacks pigmentation, has well-developed sensory structures, and displays other troglomorphic features.

The habitat of I. socal is the chaparral shrubland in California and live oak woodlands. They have been found beneath the humus layer and within the soil matrix.
Preet Na Kariyo Koi
Preet Na Kariyo Koi (Urdu: پریت نہ کریو کوئی, lit. 'Don't no one fall in love!') is a Pakistani romantic comedy drama serial aired on 3 November 2015 to 8 March 2016 on Hum TV. It is written by Amna Mufti, directed by Mohammed Ehteshamuddin and produced by Momina Duraid under her production company. It stars Ahsan Khan and Hira Mani in lead roles. The series received acclaim due to script, direction and Mani's performance.

Ahsan Khan
Ahsan Khan (Urdu: احسن خان; born 9 October 1981) is a British Pakistani actor, producer and TV host.

He began acting in 1998 at the age of 23 with the film Nikkah. He appeared in the films Nikah, Billi, Ghar Kab Aao Gay, Sultanat, Ishq Khuda, Dil Mera Dhadkan Teri and later moved on to television.

He hosted a quiz show Hayya Allal Falah, during Ramadan. Ahsan Khan has also hosted Ramadan transmission for several years which airs on PTV Home named Ramazan Pakistan.

Khan was appointed as a CLF Goodwill Ambassador by the Children's Literature Festival on 30 July 2019.
Daniel Burling
Daniel J. "Dan" Burling (born January 11, 1947) was a Republican member of the New York State Assembly representing Assembly District 147, which comprises a number of communities located in Upstate New York, including Allegany County, Genesee County, Livingston County, and Wyoming County. He was formerly the Minority Whip in the Assembly.

Genesee County, New York
Genesee County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 58,388. Its county seat is Batavia. Its name is from the Seneca word Gen-nis'-hee-yo, meaning "the Beautiful Valley". The county was created in 1802 and organized in 1803. The county is part of the Finger Lakes region of the state.

Genesee County comprises the Batavia, NY micropolitan statistical area, which is also in the Rochester-Batavia-Seneca Falls, NY combined statistical area. It is in Western New York. It is the namesake of Genesee County, Michigan; that is, the Michigan county was named for Genesee County, New York.
Channel check
In financial analysis, a channel check is third-party research on a company's business based on collecting information from the distribution channels of the company. Performed by third party researchers and financial analysts in order to collect information about a company's business, checks may help to value the company or be used to perform due diligence in various contexts.

Due diligence
Due diligence is the investigation or exercise of care that a reasonable business or person is normally expected to take before entering into an agreement or contract with another party or an act with a certain standard of care.

Due diligence can be a legal obligation, but the term more commonly applies to voluntary investigations. It may also offer a defence against legal action. A common example of due diligence is the process through which a potential acquirer evaluates a target company or its assets in advance of a merger or acquisition. The theory behind due diligence holds that performing this type of investigation contributes significantly to informed decision making by enhancing the amount and quality of information available to decision makers and by ensuring that this information is systematically used to deliberate on the decision at hand and all its costs, benefits, and risks.
Ladies of the Big House
Ladies of the Big House is a 1931 American pre-Code drama film directed by Marion Gering and written by Ernest Booth, William Slavens McNutt and Grover Jones. The film stars Sylvia Sidney, Gene Raymond, Wynne Gibson, Earle Foxe, Rockliffe Fellowes, Purnell Pratt and Frank Sheridan. The film was released on December 26, 1931, by Paramount Pictures.

Purnell Pratt
Purnell Pratt (October 20, 1885 – July 25, 1941) was an American film actor. He appeared in more than 110 films between 1914 and 1941. He was born in Bethel, Illinois and died in Hollywood, California.

Pratt spent more than a year in France in the U. S. military during World War I. He attended the University of Pennsylvania with plans to perform in opera. However, lacking funds and unable to obtain a hearing, he joined the chorus of a George M. Cohan production. He worked in Cohan's troupes for a decade.
Bobby Yazdani
Babak "Bobby" Yazdani (born 1963) is an Iranian-American entrepreneur and investor specializing in early-stage, private U.S.-based modern enterprise technology companies.

In 1997, he founded Saba Software, a provider of Human Capital Management (HCM) software solutions. He took the company public in 2000. Yazdani founded Signatures Capital in 2006 and co-founded investment firm Cota Capital in 2014, where he serves as a Partner.

Yazdani was ranked #1 out of 2000 angel investors in a 2014 report by CB Insights as having the most successful track record for investing in companies that received follow-on funding.

Yazdani began investing in 1989 and is an early investor in companies such as Google, Dropbox, Klout, Salesforce and Uber.

Salesforce
Salesforce, Inc., is an American cloud-based software company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It provides applications focused on sales, customer service, marketing automation, e-commerce, analytics, artificial intelligence, agentic AI, and application development.

Founded by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff in March 1999, Salesforce grew quickly, making its initial public offering in 2004. As of September 2025, Salesforce is the 61st largest company in the world by market cap with a value of nearly US$238 billion. It became the world's largest enterprise applications firm in 2022. Salesforce ranked 491st on the 2023 edition of the Fortune 500, making $31.352 billion in revenue. Since 2020, Salesforce has also been a component of the Dow Jones Industrial Average
Budokwai
The Budokwai (The Way of Knighthood Society) (武道会, Budōkai; Society of the Martial Way) in London is the oldest Japanese martial arts club in Europe. It was founded in 1918 by Gunji Koizumi and initially offered tuition in jujutsu, kendo, and other Japanese martial arts. It was the first judo club in Europe.

Japanese martial arts
Japanese martial arts refers to the variety of martial arts native to the country of Japan. At least three Japanese terms (budō, bujutsu, and bugei) are used interchangeably with the English phrase Japanese martial arts.

The usage of the term budō (武道) to mean martial arts is a modern one: historically the term meant a way of life encompassing physical, spiritual and moral dimensions with a focus on self-improvement, fulfillment or personal growth. The terms bujutsu (武術) and bugei (武芸) have different meanings from budō, at least historically speaking. Bujutsu refers specifically to the practical application of martial tactics and techniques in actual combat. Bugei refers to the adaptation or refinement of those tactics and techniques to facilitate systematic instruction and dissemination within a formal learning environment.
Smithies Peak
The Smithies Peak, sometimes incorrectly called Smithies Towers, is a mountain in the Central Highlands region of Tasmania, Australia.  The mountain is situated in the Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park.

At 1,527 metres (5,010 feet) above sea level, it is the ninth-highest mountain in Tasmania, and is one of the summits of Cradle Mountain. The peak is composed of dolerite columns, similar to many of the other mountains in the area and rises above the glacially formed Dove Lake (934 metres (3,064 ft)), Lake Wilks and Crater Lake.

Cradle Mountain has four named summits. In order of height they are Cradle Mountain (1,545 metres (5,069 ft)); Smithies Peak; Weindorfers Tower (1,459 metres (4,787 ft)); and Little Horn (1,355 m (4,446 ft)).

Cradle Mountain
Cradle Mountain is a locality and mountain in the Central Highlands region of the Australian state of Tasmania. The mountain is situated in the Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park.

At 1,545 metres (5,069 ft) above sea level, it is the sixth-highest mountain in Tasmania.

The locality of Cradle Mountain is a rural locality in the local government areas of Meander Valley, Kentish and West Coast in the Launceston and North-west and west local government regions of Tasmania. The locality is about 109 kilometres (68 mi) west of the town of Westbury. The 2016 census has a population of 66 for the state suburb of Cradle Mountain.
Cradle Mountain was gazetted as a locality in 1966.
Cradle Mountain (the mountain) occupies a small area in the north-west of the locality, which occupies the northern half of Cradle Mountain-Lake St Clair National Park.
Route C132 (Cradle Mountain Road / Dove Lake Road) enters from the north and runs south to Dove Lake, where it ends.
Dylan McGeouch
Dylan McGeouch (born 15 January 1993) is a Scottish footballer, who plays as a midfielder for NIFL Premiership club Ballymena. McGeouch, who has previously played for Celtic, Coventry City, Hibernian, Sunderland, Aberdeen, Forest Green Rovers and Carlisle United, made his first full international appearance for Scotland in May 2018.

NIFL Premiership
The NIFL Premiership, known as the Sports Direct Premiership for sponsorship purposes but most commonly called the Irish League and sometimes the Irish Premiership, is a professional association football league which operates as the highest division of the Northern Ireland Football League. The NIFL Premiership was established as the IFA Premiership in 2008 under the auspices of the Irish Football Association as the successor to the Irish Premier League, before the Northern Ireland Football League was created for the start of the 2013–14 season. At the end of the season, the champion club is presented with the Gibson Cup.

Linfield are the current champions, winning their 56th Irish League title in the 2024–25 season.
Neil Burke
Neil Burke is an American musician and artist. He is known as a former member of several hardcore punk and noise rock bands, most notably Born Against and Men's Recovery Project.  Burke is currently a musician, poster artist, graphic designer and screen printer working out of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Burke also ran Lungcast Records, a sporadically active independent record label.

Noise rock
Noise rock is a subgenre of rock music that originally emerged in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Artists fuse rock music to noise, while utilizing extreme levels of guitar distortion and feedback, primarily through the use of electric guitars.
Transportation in Alaska
This article discusses transportation in the U.S. state of Alaska.

Alaska has a small population within a very large geographic area.  The geographic differences mean that no single transportation strategy works for the state as a whole.  Roads connect the major Southcentral population centers with Fairbanks and the Canadian border.  Barges supply the communities along the coast and major rivers, and a ferry system supports the coastal communities in the south.  A railroad connects the ports of Seward, Whittier, and Anchorage with the interior via Fairbanks.  Many interior communities are connected by seasonal ATV trails when the weather is cold enough to freeze otherwise impassable grounds.  Air travel is the critical connection between these various regions.

Southcentral Alaska
Southcentral Alaska, also known as the Gulf Coast Region, is the portion of the U.S. state of Alaska consisting of the shorelines and uplands of the central Gulf of Alaska.  More than half of the state's entire population lives in this region, concentrated in and around the city of Anchorage. The region is  Alaska’s best-connected region, with the Port of Anchorage, Ted Stevens Anchorage International Airport, and the Alaska Railroad servicing the area.

The area includes Cook Inlet, the Matanuska-Susitna Valley, the Kenai Peninsula, Prince William Sound, and the Copper River Valley.  Tourism, fisheries, and petroleum production are important economic activities.
SV Raisting
The SV Raisting is a German association football club from the town of Raisting, Bavaria.

The club's greatest success came in 2013, when it qualified for the southern division of the Bayernliga, the fifth tier of the German football league system.

Bayernliga
The Bayernliga (English: Bavarian league) is the highest amateur football league and the second highest football league (under the Regionalliga Bayern) in the state of Bavaria (German: Bayern) and the Bavarian football league system. It is one of fourteen Oberligas in German football, the fifth tier of the German football league system. Until the introduction of the 3. Liga in 2008 it was the fourth tier of the league system, until the introduction of the Regionalligas in 1994 the third tier.

From the 2012–13 season onwards, the league has been divided once more into a northern and a southern division, having previously placed in single division format since 1963. The league sits directly under the Regionalliga Bayern and above the Landesligas, which were expanded in number from three to five at the end of the 2011–12 season.