hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Botaneiates
The Botaneiates (Greek: Βοτανειάτης, pl. Botaneiatai, Greek: Βοτανειάται) or Botaniates was a Byzantine aristocratic family that produced several generals and one Byzantine Emperor during the 11th and 12th centuries. The earliest attestation of the name occurred in the 6th and 9th centuries and it originated from Asia Minor. The family remained obscure until the 11th century when the first prominent member, Theophylact Botaneiates, is mentioned holding the title of doux in Thessalonica. The family reached their heyday under Nikephoros III Botaneiates who held high military offices before ruling as Emperor between 1078 and 1081. During the Komnenian period, the Botaneiatai continued to hold important titles thanks to their ties with the Komnenos dynasty. The status of the family begun to decline from the late 12th century onwards.

Michael VII Doukas
Michael VII Doukas or Ducas (Greek: Μιχαήλ Δούκας, romanized: Mikhaḗl Doúkās), nicknamed Parapinakes (Greek: Παραπινάκης, romanized: Parapinákes, lit. 'minus a quarter', a reference to the devaluation of the Byzantine currency under his rule), was the senior Byzantine emperor from 1071 to 1078. He was known as incompetent as an emperor and reliant on court officials, especially of his finance minister Nikephoritzes, who increased taxation and luxury spending while not properly financing their army (which later mutinied). Under his reign, Bari was lost and his empire faced open revolt in the Balkans. Along with the advancing Seljuk Turks in the eastern front, Michael also had to contend with his mercenaries openly turning against the empire. Michael stepped down as emperor in 1078 and later retired to a monastery.
Mabathoana High School
Mabathoana High School is a secondary school in Maseru, Lesotho named for Emmanuel Mabathoana, the Archbishop of Lesotho attended by more than 600 students. It is particularly known for one of its more famous alumni, Thabang Makwetla.

Maseru
Maseru is the capital and largest city of Lesotho. It is also the capital of the Maseru District. Located on the Caledon River, Maseru lies directly on the Lesotho–South Africa border. Maseru had a population of 330,760 in the 2016 census. The city was established as a police camp and assigned as the capital after the country became a British protectorate in 1869. When the country achieved independence in 1966, Maseru retained its status as capital. The name of the city is a Sesotho word meaning "red sandstones".
Babwisi people
The Babwisi people are a Bantu-speaking tribe found in South-Western Uganda and the eastern part of the Democratic Republic of the Congo. In Uganda, they primarily inhabit the Bundibugyo district around the Semiliki River and surrounding areas. They speak the Lubwisi language and are known for their traditional practices and close-knit community structures.

Bundibugyo District
Bundibugyo District is a district in the Western Region of Uganda, bordering the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC). The town of Bundibugyo is where both the district headquarters and the Bwamba Kingdom seat (Obudhingiya Bwa Bwamba) are located.
Before July 2010, the districts of Ntoroko and Bundibugyo were one. These districts are the only two in Uganda that lie west of the Rwenzori mountains. Bundibugyo (With Ntoroko) was first named Semuliki district on separating it from the Greator Kabarole district alongside Rwenzori district (Kasese) in 1974.
Puskás Aréna
Puskás Aréna (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈpuʃkaːʃ ˈɒreːnɒ]) is a football stadium in the 14th district (Zugló) of Budapest, Hungary. The stadium's construction started in 2017 and was finished before the end of 2019. It is an all-seater with a capacity of 67,215. The stadium is built in the place of the former Ferenc Puskás Stadium whose demolition was completed in October 2016. Both stadiums were named in honour of the former national team captain Ferenc Puskás (1927–2006).

Hungarian forint
The forint (Hungarian pronunciation: [ˈforint] ⓘ, sign Ft; code HUF) is the currency of Hungary. It was formerly divided into 100 fillér, but fillér coins are no longer in circulation. The introduction of the forint on 1 August 1946 was a crucial step in the post-World War II stabilisation of the Hungarian economy, and the currency remained relatively stable until the 1980s. Transition to a market economy in the early 1990s adversely affected the value of the forint; inflation peaked at 35% in 1991. Between 2001 and 2022, inflation was in single digits, and the forint has been declared fully convertible. In May 2022, inflation reached 10.7% amid the Russian invasion of Ukraine and economic uncertainty. As a member of the European Union, the long-term aim of the Hungarian government may be to replace the forint with the euro, although under the current government there is no target date for adopting the euro.
Suppressor mutation
A suppressor mutation is a second mutation that alleviates or reverts the phenotypic effects of an already existing mutation in a process defined synthetic rescue.  Genetic suppression therefore restores the phenotype seen prior to the original background mutation.  Suppressor mutations are useful for identifying new genetic sites which affect a biological process of interest.  They also provide evidence between functionally interacting molecules and intersecting biological pathways.

Stop codon
In molecular biology, a stop codon (or termination codon) is a codon (nucleotide triplet within messenger RNA) that signals the termination of the translation process of the current protein. Most codons in messenger RNA correspond to the addition of an amino acid to a growing polypeptide chain, which may ultimately become a protein; stop codons signal the termination of this process by binding release factors, which cause the ribosomal subunits to disassociate, releasing the amino acid chain.

While start codons need nearby sequences or initiation factors to start translation, a stop codon alone is sufficient to initiate termination.
S Shuttle
The S Shuttle is a light rail service on the Muni Metro system in San Francisco, California. The service began in 2001 as the S Castro Shuttle, an effort to reduce crowding at Castro station. It was briefly discontinued in 2007 when the T Third Street line was opened. Service was extended to St. Francis Circle station in 2013, but cut back to West Portal station in 2016. From 2020 to 2024, the shuttle ran as a full-time service as part of a reconfiguration of Muni Metro service.

The designation of S Shuttle is also given to trains at other hours and locations, most commonly to those which run service before and after San Francisco Giants and Golden State Warriors games to provide additional capacity to Oracle Park and Chase Center respectively.

N Judah
The N Judah is a hybrid light rail/streetcar line of the Muni Metro system in San Francisco, California. The line is named after Judah Street that it runs along for much of its length, named after railroad engineer Theodore Judah. It links downtown San Francisco to the Cole Valley and Sunset neighborhoods. The line provides rail access to Golden Gate Park. It is the busiest line in the Muni Metro system, serving an average of 33,100 weekday passengers in June 2025. It was one of San Francisco's streetcar lines, beginning operation in 1928, and was partially converted to modern light-rail operation with the opening of the Muni Metro system in 1980. While many streetcar lines were converted to bus lines after World War II, the N Judah remained a streetcar line due to its use of the Sunset Tunnel.
Fajront Republika
Fajront Republika (Serbian: Фајронт република) was a Serbian talk show / sketch show that aired weekly on 1Prva (formerly known as Fox televizija) from December 2008 until June 2011.

Hosted by Zoran Kesić, the programme blended classic talk show elements such as show-business guests promoting their activity and musical performances with sketch comedy that included characters developed and played by Kesić. Its guests were drawn from the public sphere in Serbia and the rest of the Balkans. The show's name translates to "Closing time Republic" and it premiered on Sunday, 21 December 2008 at 11pm. It has since then been moved (in late January 2009) to Thursdays at 9pm, and then back to Sundays at 11pm in early November 2009.

Starting in fall 2012, a year after getting cancelled, a live version of the show, this time named Fajront Republika 3D, had been performed with bi-weekly frequency at a Belgrade theater.

Dejan Petković
Dejan Petković (Serbian Cyrillic: Дејан Петковић, pronounced [dějan pětkoʋitɕ]; born 10 September 1972) is a Serbian football pundit and retired footballer. In his native country he is widely known under the nickname Rambo while in Brazil he is known as Pet. He played six times for the FR Yugoslavia, scoring one goal. Petković played for seven Brazilian clubs in his career, and was made an honorary consul of Serbia in Brazil.
Clynderwen
Clynderwen (Welsh: Clunderwen; Welsh pronunciationⓘ) is a rural linear village and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales, which was historically part of the county of Carmarthenshire. It lies on the A478 Tenby to Cardigan road south of the village of Llandissilio and north of the town of Narberth.

The village has its own community council of 10 members.

Narberth, Pembrokeshire
Narberth (Welsh: Arberth) is a town and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales. It was founded around a Welsh court and later became a Norman stronghold on the Landsker Line. It became the headquarters of the hundred of Narberth.  It was once a marcher borough. George Owen described it in 1603 as one of nine Pembrokeshire "boroughs in decay".

In 2021, the population of both wards (rural and urban) was 4,100 (rounded to the nearest 100),19.6% of whom are Welsh-speaking. Narberth is close to the A40 trunk road and is on the A478. Narberth railway station is on the main line from Swansea. The community includes the village of Crinow.
RRG Fafnir 2
The RRG Fafnir 2 São Paulo, named after the legendary dragon and the Brazilian city which partially financed it, was a single seat German high performance glider designed by Alexander Lippisch.  It set a new world distance record in 1934 and won the 1937 International Gliding Championships.

Glider (sailplane)
A glider or sailplane is a type of glider aircraft used in the leisure activity and sport of gliding (also called soaring). This unpowered aircraft can use naturally occurring currents of rising air in the atmosphere to gain altitude. Sailplanes are aerodynamically streamlined, so they can fly a significant distance forward for a small decrease in altitude.

In North America, the term 'sailplane' is also used to describe this type of aircraft. In other parts of the English-speaking world, the word 'glider' is more common.
Rumblefish (band)
Rumblefish were a UK indie pop group, formed in Birmingham in 1986. After several releases on independent labels they were signed by East West who issued the band's only album while still together in 1992.

UK Independent Singles and Albums Charts
The UK Independent Singles Chart and UK Independent Albums Chart are charts of the best-selling independent singles and albums, respectively, in the United Kingdom. Originally published in January 1980, and widely known as the indie chart, the relevance of the chart dwindled in the 1990s as major-label ownership blurred the boundary between independent and major labels.

Separate independent charts are currently published weekly by the Official Charts Company.
Steve A. Kay
Steve A. Kay FRS is a British-born chronobiologist who mainly works in the United States. Dr. Kay has pioneered methods to monitor daily gene expression in real time and characterized circadian gene expression in plants, flies and mammals. In 2014, Steve Kay celebrated 25 years of successful chronobiology research at the Kaylab 25 Symposium, joined by over one hundred researchers with whom he had collaborated with or mentored. Dr. Kay, a member of the National Academy of Sciences, U.S.A., briefly served as president of The Scripps Research Institute. and is currently a professor at the University of Southern California. He also served on the Life Sciences jury for the Infosys Prize in 2011.

Photoreceptor protein
Photoreceptor proteins are light-sensitive proteins involved in the sensing and response to light in a variety of organisms. Some examples are rhodopsin in the photoreceptor cells of the vertebrate retina, phytochrome in plants, and bacteriorhodopsin and bacteriophytochromes in some bacteria. They mediate light responses as varied as visual perception, phototropism and phototaxis, as well as responses to light-dark cycles such as circadian rhythm and other photoperiodisms including control of flowering times in plants and mating seasons in animals.
Manuel Mora (soldier)
Manuel Mora was a Dominican activist and soldier. A  former slave from Santo Domingo, he participated in the Dominican War of Independence;  He joined the Dominican Army as a colonel, later distinguishing himself in the Battle of Azua, on March 19, 1844 against Haitian forces under Charles Rivière-Hérard.

Charles Rivière-Hérard
Charles Rivière-Hérard (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl ʁivjɛʁ eʁaʁ]; 16 February 1789 – 31 August 1850) also known as Charles Hérard aîné (French pronunciation: [ʃaʁl eʁaʁ ɛne], Charles Hérard eldest) was an officer in the Haitian Army under Alexandre Pétion during his struggles against Henri Christophe. He was declared the president of Haiti on 4 April 1843. He was forced from office by revolutionaries on 3 May 1844.
Eclipse (magazine)
Eclipse, the Magazine (renamed Eclipse from the second issue) was a black-and-white comics anthology magazine published bi-monthly by Eclipse Comics from 1981 to 1983. It was the company's first ongoing title, Eclipse having previously published graphic novels, and was designed as a competitor to the likes of Epic Illustrated and Heavy Metal.

Comics anthology
A comics anthology collects works in the medium of comics, typically from multiple series, and compiles them into an anthology or magazine. The comics in these anthologies range from comic strips that are too short for standalone publication to comic book chapters that might later be compiled into collected comic book volumes (such as manga tankobon and comic albums).
Tamil genocide
The Tamil genocide refers to the framing of various systematic acts of physical violence and cultural destruction committed against the Tamil population in Sri Lanka during the Sinhala–Tamil ethnic conflict beginning in 1956, particularly during the Sri Lankan civil war as acts of genocide. Various commenters, including the Permanent Peoples' Tribunal, have accused the Sri Lankan government of responsibility for and complicity in a genocide of Tamils, and point to state-sponsored settler colonialism, state-backed pogroms, and mass killings, enforced disappearances and sexual violence by the security forces as examples of genocidal acts. The Sri Lankan government has rejected the charges of genocide.

Northern Province, Sri Lanka
The Northern Province (Tamil: வட மாகாணம் Vaṭa Mākāṇam; Sinhala: උතුරු පළාත Uturu Paḷāta) is one of the nine provinces of Sri Lanka. The province has an area of 8,884 km2, making it the 3rd largest province by area, and a population of 1,150,148 making it the least populated province. Jaffna is the capital city of the province.

Between 1988 and 2006, the province was temporarily merged with the Eastern Province into one province, the North Eastern Province. Due to its large Tamil population, the Northern Province is sometimes referred to as "Sri Lanka's Tamil country". The majority of the fighting in the Sri Lankan Civil War took place in the Northern province.
Apriyani Rahayu
Apriyani Rahayu (born 29 April 1998) is an Indonesian badminton player specializing in doubles. She and Greysia Polii won the gold medal at the 2020 Summer Olympics champions in the women's doubles. She won gold at the 2019 SEA Games, and two bronze medals at the World Championships in 2018 and 2019. Rahayu also won bronze medals at the 2018 Asian Games in the women's team and doubles with her former partner Polii.

With her current partner, Siti Fadia Silva Ramadhanti, Rahayu won the silver medal at the 2023 World Championships, and a gold at the 2021 SEA Games.

BWF Super Series
The BWF Super Series was a series of Grade 2 badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). It was launched on December 14, 2006, and implemented in 2007.

Since 2011, the Super Series includes two levels of tournament, Super Series Premier and Super Series. A season of Super Series featured twelve tournaments around the world, including five of them classified as Super Series Premier. Super Series Premier tournament offers higher ranking point and higher minimum total prize money. Top eight players/pairs in each discipline in Super Series standings are invited to the Super Series Finals held at the year end.

BWF announced a new tournament structure in March 2017, BWF World Tour together with the new hosts for the 2018–2021 cycle to replace this Super Series tournament.
Chicago and North Western D class
The Chicago and North Western Railway D Class was a class of 92 American 4-4-2 "Atlantic" locomotives. They were built by Schenectady Locomotive Works and by its corporate successor the American Locomotive Company between 1900 and 1908. In addition, the Chicago, St. Paul, Minneapolis and Omaha Railway (Omaha Road) bought seven, classifying them as class G-3

4-4-2 (locomotive)
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives by wheel arrangement, 4-4-2 represents a configuration of a four-wheeled leading bogie, four powered and coupled driving wheels, and two trailing wheels supporting part of the weight of the boiler and firebox. This allows a larger firebox and boiler than the 4-4-0 configuration.

This wheel arrangement is commonly known as the Atlantic type, although it is also sometimes called a Milwaukee or 4-4-2 Milwaukee, after the Milwaukee Road, which employed it in high speed passenger service.
Congress Street Fire Station
The Congress Street Fire Station, now known as the Boston Fire Museum, is an historic fire station at 344 Congress Street in Boston, Massachusetts.

The Romanesque style station was designed by Harrison H. Atwood, then the city architect, and constructed in 1891.  It is distinctive for its early use, within this style, of light-colored brick, and features a rusticated ground level and progressively more refined detailing as it rises.

The building was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1987, and was included in the Fort Point Channel Historic District in 2004. It now serves as the Boston Fire Museum.

Congress Street (Boston)
Congress Street is located in the Financial District and South Boston neighborhoods of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. The street was first named in 1800. It was extended in 1854 (from State Street) as far as Atlantic Avenue, and in 1874 across Fort Point Channel into South Boston. The original swing bridge was replaced in 1930 by a bascule bridge, which is still extant and known as the Congress Street Bridge.

Today's Congress Street consists of several segments of streets, previously named Atkinson's Street, Dalton Street, Gray's Alley, Leverett's Lane,  Quaker Lane, and Shrimpton's Lane.
Kaviraja Muraridan
Mahamahopadhyaya Kaviraja Muraridan Ashiya (1830 — 1914) served as the Dewan (Prime Minister) of Marwar during the reign of Jaswant Singh II (1873–1895). Kaviraja is remembered as an astute politician and a farsighted administrator, who made significant contributions to the history of Marwar. He was a Tazimi sardar (noble) and a renowned scholar, known for his prominent works including Yaśavaṃta-Yaśo-Bhūṣaṇa and Tawarikh Marwar.

Dewan
Dewan (also known as diwan, sometimes spelled devan or divan) designated a powerful government official, minister, or ruler. A dewan was the head of a state institution of the same name (see Divan). Diwans belonged to the elite families in the history of Mughal and post-Mughal India and held high posts within the government.
Hiddensee
Hiddensee (German pronunciation: [ˈhɪdn̩zeː] ⓘ) is a car-free island in the Baltic Sea, located west of Germany's largest island, Rügen, on the German coast.

The island has about 1,000 inhabitants. It was a holiday destination for East German tourists during German Democratic Republic (GDR) times, and continues to attract tourists today. It is the location of the University of Greifswald's ornithological station. Gerhart Hauptmann and Walter Felsenstein are buried there.

Asta Nielsen
Asta Sofie Amalie Nielsen  (11 September 1881 – 24 May 1972) was a Danish silent film actress who was one of the most popular leading ladies of the 1910s and one of the first international movie stars. Seventy of Nielsen's 74 films were made in Germany where she was known simply as Die Asta (The Asta).

Known for her large dark eyes, mask-like face and boyish figure, Nielsen most often portrayed strong-willed passionate women trapped by tragic circumstances. Due to the erotic nature of her performances, Nielsen's films were censored in the United States, and her work remained relatively obscure to American audiences. She is credited with transforming movie acting from overt theatricality to a more subtle naturalistic style.

Nielsen founded her own film studio in Berlin during the 1920s, but returned to Denmark in 1937 after the rise of Nazism in Germany. A private figure in her later years, Nielsen became a collage artist and an author.
Nipper
Nipper (c. 1884 – September 1895) was a dog from England. He is best known as the subject of His Master's Voice (1898), painted posthumously by his second owner, Francis Barraud. The painting became an international entertainment trademark, with Nipper's likeness used across consumer electronics, record labels and entertainment retail.

Emile Berliner
Emile Berliner (born Emil Berliner; May 20, 1851 – August 3, 1929) was a German-American inventor and businessman who invented the lateral-cut flat disc record, also known as a "gramophone record," used with a gramophone. He founded the United States Gramophone Company in 1894;
William M. McMurry House
The William M. McMurry House is a historic mansion in Springfield, Tennessee, U.S.. It was built in 1896 for William M. McMurry, "the founder of McMurry Loose Leaf Tobacco Company." It became a bed and breakfast in 2016, but was sold to Lisa and Jon Arnold as a private residence in 2017.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2017.

Springfield, Tennessee
Springfield is the county seat of Robertson County, Tennessee, United States. It is located in Middle Tennessee near the northern border of the state. As of the 2020 census, the city's population was 18,782.
Soho, Unnao
Soho is a village in Asoha block of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is not located on major roads and has one primary school and no healthcare facilities. As of 2011, its population is 1,675, in 303 households.

The 1961 census recorded Soho as comprising 1 hamlet, with a total population of 751 (401 male and 350 female), in 165 households and 120 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 163 acres.

Asoha
Asoha is a village in Purwa tehsil of Unnao district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located about 16 km north of Purwa, the tehsil headquarters, and 51 km east of Unnao, the district headquarters. The main crops grown here are wheat, barley, gram, juwar, paddy, and pulses, and irrigation is provided by a canal as well as by tanks. The soil here is mostly clay. As of 2011, the population of Asoha is 3,709, in 856 households.

Asoha is the headquarters of a community development block, which was first inaugurated on 1 July 1956 in order to oversee implementation of India's Five-Year Plans at a local and rural level. As of 2011, the block comprises 122 rural villages (including Asoha itself), with a total population of 153,798 people in 30,885 households. Asoha is also the headquarters of a nyaya panchayat.