hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Montenegrin Anti-Fascist Assembly of National Liberation
The State Anti-fascist Council for the National Liberation of Montenegro and Boka (Serbo-Croatian: Zemaljsko antifašističko vijeće narodnog oslobođenja Crne Gore i Boke, ZAVNOCGB, Земаљскo aнтифашистичко виjеће народног ослобођења Црнe Горe и Бокe, ЗABHOЦГиБ) was formed as the highest governing institution of the anti-fascist resistance movement in Montenegro, in the former Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

The National Anti-Fascist Council of the Peoples Liberation of Montenegro and Boka was formed in Kolašin on 15 and 16 November 1943. On its second session on June 14, 1944, it changed its name to Montenegrin Anti-Fascist Assembly of National Liberation (CASNO) (Crnogorska Antifašistička Skupština Narodnog Oslobođenja).

During World War II it developed to be the leadership of the Socialist Republic of Montenegro. Its president was dr. Nikola "Niko" Miljanić.

In 1945 at the end of the war, it transformed to the National Parliament of Montenegro.

Bay of Kotor
The Bay of Kotor (Serbo-Croatian: Boka kotorska / Бока которска, Italian: Bocche di Cattaro), also known as the Gulf of Kotor or just as the Boka (Serbo-Croatian Cyrillic: Бока), is a winding bay of the Adriatic Sea in southwestern Montenegro and the region of Montenegro concentrated around the bay. It is also the southernmost part of the historical region of Dalmatia. At the entrance to the Bay there is Prevlaka, a small peninsula in southern Croatia. The bay has been inhabited since antiquity. Its well-preserved medieval towns of Kotor, Risan, Tivat, Perast, Prčanj and Herceg Novi, along with their natural surroundings, are major tourist attractions. The Natural and Culturo-Historical Region of Kotor was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. Its numerous Orthodox and Catholic churches and monasteries attract numerous religious pilgrims and other visitors.
Elijah Hoole (architect)
Elijah Hoole  (1837 – 27 March 1912) was an English architect of Methodist churches, settlement halls and social housing. In relation to the social housing, he worked closely with the social reformer Octavia Hill for over 40 years.

Settlement movement
The settlement movement was a reformist social movement that began in the 1880s and peaked around the 1920s in the United Kingdom and the United States. Its main object was the establishment of settlement houses in poor urban areas, in which volunteer middle-class "settlement workers" would live, hoping to share knowledge and culture with, and alleviate the poverty of, their low-income neighbors. The settlement houses provided services such as daycare, English classes, and healthcare to improve the lives of the poor in these areas. The settlement movement also spawned educational/reform movements. Both in the United Kingdom and the United States, settlement workers worked to develop a unique activist form of sociology known as Settlement Sociology. This science of the social movement is neglected in the history of sociology in favor of a teaching-, theory- and research university–based model.
PUSH (university guide)
Push is a British media organisation that offers information to university applicants and students in the United Kingdom.

Its flagship is now the website Push.co.uk, which features profiles of every UK university, advice about choosing a university and student finance, and a tool called the 'Uni Chooser' which allows users to create a shortlist of suitable universities sorted according to a large variety of criteria. Push describes itself as "the ruthlessly independent guide to UK universities" and uses the tagline "Push… like it is".

Previously, Push published a range of books including The Push Guide to Which University, The Push Guide to Money and The Push Guide to Choosing a University, but these are now out of print and their content has been updated, extended and incorporated into the Push website. In association with various sponsors, Push also conducts an annual tour of schools and sixth-form colleges, delivering guidance talks and reaching around 200 institutions each year.

Higher Education Statistics Agency
The Higher Education Statistics Agency (HESA) was the official agency for the collection, analysis and dissemination of quantitative information about higher education in the United Kingdom. HESA became a directorate of Jisc after a merger in 2022.

HESA was set up by agreement between the relevant government departments, the higher education funding councils and the universities and colleges in 1993, following the White Paper "Higher Education: a new framework", which called for more coherence in HE statistics, and the Further and Higher Education Act 1992, which established an integrated higher education system throughout the United Kingdom. In 2018 HESA became the Designated Data Body for higher education in England under the Higher Education and Research Act 2017, with designation passing to Jisc after the 2022 merger.
Laliteshwar Prasad Shahi
Babu Shri Laliteshwar Prasad Shahi (1 October 1920 – 9 June 2018) was an Indian politician of Indian National Congress from Bihar. He was born on 1 October 1920 to Yogendra Prasad Shahi and his wife. He had three brothers, Nanki Prasad Shahi, Bhuvneshwar Prasad Shahi and Vijeshwar Prasad Shahi. He has a known grandson named Santoshi Kumar. He was the Member of the Legislative Assembly between 1980 and 1985 from Lalganj, Vaishali, defeating Jai Narain Prasad Nishad. In 1984, he became Member of Parliament from Muzaffarpur and became the Education & Culture Minister in the Indian Government. His son Hemant Kumar Shahi was Member of Legislative Assembly from Vaishali. His daughter-in-law Veena Shahi is a former MLA and co-operative minister of Bihar. Shahi died on 9 June 2018 after a prolonged illness.

Jai Narain Prasad Nishad
Jai Narain Prasad Nishad (18 November 1930 – 24 December 2018) was an Indian politician and member of parliament from Muzaffarpur Lok Sabha Constituency in the Indian State of Bihar. He was a Union Minister for State in 1996-1998 and a member of Lok Sabha five times and a former member of Rajya Sabha. He was a member of Janata Dal (United) and with the Bharatiya Janata Party. His son, Ajay Nishad is the MP of Muzaffarpur.
Early Muslim–Meccan conflict
The early Muslim–Meccan conflict refers to a series of raids, in which the Islamic prophet Muhammad and his companions participated. The raids were generally offensive and carried out to seize trade goods of caravans of the Quraysh. His followers were also impoverished. The raids were intended to harm the economy and in turn the offensive capabilities of Mecca by Muhammad. The Muslims felt that the raids were justified in that the items being sold in the caravans were their own items, stolen by the Meccans when they had migrated to Medina.

Ibn Ishaq
Abu Abd Allah Muhammad ibn Ishaq ibn Yasar al-Muttalibi (Arabic: أَبُو عَبْدِ ٱلله مُحَمَّد ٱبْن إِسْحَاق ٱبْن يَسَار ٱلْمُطَّلِبيّ, romanized: Abū ʿAbd Allāh Muḥammad ibn ʾIsḥāq ibn Yasār al-Muṭṭalibī; circa.699-768, known simply as Ibn Ishaq, was an 8th-century Muslim historian and hagiographer who collected oral traditions that formed the basis of an important biography of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. His biography is known as the Al-Sirah al-Nabawiyyah, and it has mainly survived through several recensions.
Crossbar switch
In electronics and telecommunications, a crossbar switch (cross-point switch, matrix switch) is a collection of switches arranged in a matrix configuration. A crossbar switch has multiple input and output lines that form a crossed pattern of interconnecting lines between which a connection may be established by closing a switch located at each intersection, the elements of the matrix. Originally, a crossbar switch consisted literally of crossing metal bars that provided the input and output paths. Later implementations achieved the same switching topology in solid-state electronics. The crossbar switch is one of the principal telephone exchange architectures, together with a rotary switch, memory switch, and a crossover switch.

Common control
In telecommunications, common control is a principle of switching telephone calls in an automatic telephone exchange that employs shared control equipment which is attached to the circuit of a call only for the duration of establishing or otherwise controlling the call.  Thus, such control equipment need only be provided in as few units to satisfy overall exchange traffic, rather than being duplicated for every subscriber line.

In contrast, direct control systems have subsystems for call control that are an integral part of the switching network. Strowger exchanges are usually direct control systems, whereas crossbar, and electronic exchanges (including all stored program control systems) are common control systems. Common control is also known as indirect control or register control.
Assam Rajiv Gandhi University of Cooperative Management
Assam Rajiv Gandhi University of Cooperative Management (ARGUCOM) was a state university located in Sivasagar, Assam, India. Established under the Assam Rajiv Gandhi University of Cooperative Management Act, 2010, it was the first cooperative management university in the India. It is merged with newly created Sibsagar University on 3 December, 2023 under The Assam Repealing Act, 2023.

The university, set up at Sivsagar in Upper Assam, was a teaching, residential university.

Sivasagar
Sivasagar (Assamese: [xi.βɔ.xaɡɔ(ɹ)]) is a city and headquarter of the Sivasagar district, Assam. Sivasagar City It is well known for its Ahom palaces and monuments. Sivasagar is an important centre for tea and oil industries today.
European Universities Taekwondo Championships
European Universities Taekwondo Championships were the first organised in 2009 and are organised every two years.

The European Universities Taekwondo Championships are coordinated by the European University Sports Association along with the 18 other sports on the program of the European universities championships.

European Universities Championships
European Universities Championships (EUC) are university sports competitions governed by the European University Sports Association (EUSA) since 2001. There are currently 23 sports in which the championships are organised. Participants in these events are European university teams and individuals.

In 2019 new Championships were created for kickboxing, orienteering, beach handball and water polo.
2016 Croatia Open Umag – Doubles
Máximo González and André Sá were the defending champions, but chose to compete in Kitzbühel and Gstaad, respectively, instead.

Martin Kližan and David Marrero won the title, defeating Nikola Mektić and Antonio Šančić in the final, 6–4, 6–2.

2016 Swiss Open Gstaad – Doubles
Aliaksandr Bury and Denis Istomin were the defending champions, but Bury chose to compete in Kitzbühel instead. Istomin played alongside Dominic Inglot, but lost in the quarterfinals to Purav Raja and Divij Sharan.

Julio Peralta and Horacio Zeballos won the title, defeating Mate Pavić and Michael Venus in the final, 7–6(7–2), 6–2.
Cashless Society (band)
Cashless Society also known as The Hard Cashless Society or THC Society are a southern African hip hop crew from Gaborone, Botswana and Johannesburg, South Africa. The group consists of Snazz D (Julian Du Plessis), Draztik (Dave Balsher), X-Amount (Kwezi Ngcakani), Black Intellect (Jerry Kai Lewis), Fat Free (Salim Mosidinyane) & DJ IQ (who left the group, when he moved back to Queens, NY), the group made later acquisitions of other like minded artists with Criminal (Alfred Chirwa), Tizeye (Tyrone Phillips) & Gemini (Thabiso Mofokeng) (the later is also a member of Groundworks) joining to form the group well known as Cashless Society.

Bobbito Garcia
Robert "Bobbito" Garcia (born September 25, 1966), also known as DJ Cucumber Slice and Kool Bob Love, is an American DJ, radio host, author, and member of the Rock Steady Crew. He is known as a former co-host of hip hop radio show The Stretch Armstrong and Bobbito Show, alongside Adrian "Stretch Armstrong" Bartos, from 1990 until 1999. He later moved to Washington, D.C., where he currently hosts a new podcast on NPR called What's Good? alongside Bartos.
Garcia was the announcer for  the video game NBA Street Vol. 2.
Onek
Onek (pronounced [ˈoːnɛk]; German: Hohenegg, Gottscheerish: Wrneggə) is a settlement in the hills east of Kočevje in southern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Lower Carniola and is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Kočevje
Kočevje (pronounced [kɔˈtʃéːwjɛ] ⓘ; German: Gottschee; Göttscheab or Gətscheab in the local Gottscheerish dialect; Italian: Cocevie) is a town and the seat of Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia.
1981–82 Isthmian League
The 1981–82 season was the 67th season of the Isthmian League, an English football competition.

Leytonstone & Ilford were champions, winning their first Isthmian League title two years after merging. There was no promotion from the Isthmian League to the Alliance Premier League till 1985. Bognor Regis Town were transferred from the Southern Football League and won promotion to the Premier Division at the first attempt. Camberley Town left the league at the end of the season.

1980–81 Isthmian League
The 1980–81 season was the 66th season of the Isthmian League, an English football competition.

Slough Town were champions, winning their first Isthmian League title. Though, there was no promotion from the Isthmian League to the Alliance Premier League till 1985, at the end of the season two Premier Division clubs - Dagenham and Enfield were accepted to the APL. Billericay Town finished second in Division One achieving the second promotion in a row. Willesden folded at the end of the season.
Moonlight Batteries, Royal Artillery
The Moonlight Batteries were searchlight units of the British Army's Royal Artillery that specialised in providing 'artificial moonlight', otherwise known as 'movement light' or 'Monty's moonlight', for ground operations during the latter stages of World War II.

474th Searchlight Battery, Royal Artillery
474th Searchlight Battery, Royal Artillery was a unit of the British Army during World War II. Originally raised as an anti-aircraft (AA) battery, in which role it served during the Battle of Britain and Blitz, it also provided artificial illumination, or 'Monty's Moonlight', for night operations by 21st Army Group during the campaign in North West Europe in 1944–45.
Safe Return to Port requirement
The International Maritime Organization is helping members comply with the Safe Return to Port requirement in the 2009 International Safety of Life at Sea treaty.

The requirement was prompted by the increasing size of passenger ships.  
The more passengers a vessel has the longer it takes to evacuate.
The requirement defines thresholds, and how long the vessel should remain safe for evacuation.  It defines a threshold where a ship's crew should be able to return to port without requiring passengers to evacuate.

SOLAS Convention
The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is an international maritime treaty which sets out minimum safety standards in the construction, equipment and operation of merchant ships. The International Maritime Organization convention requires signatory flag states to ensure that ships flagged by them comply with at least these standards.

Initially prompted by the sinking of the Titanic, the current version of SOLAS is the 1974 version, known as SOLAS 1974, which came into force on 25 May 1980, and has been amended several times. As of April 2022, SOLAS 1974 has 167 contracting states, which flag about 99% of merchant ships around the world in terms of gross tonnage.

SOLAS in its successive forms is generally regarded as the most important of all international treaties concerning the safety of merchant ships.
The Cartoon History of the Universe
The Cartoon History of the Universe is a book series about the history of the world. It is written and illustrated by American cartoonist, professor, and mathematician Larry Gonick, who started the project in 1978. Each book in the series explains a period of world history in a loosely chronological order. They draw upon evolutionary biology and other sciences, and provide citations to sources.

Though originally published as a comic book series, the series is now published in trade paperback volumes of several hundred pages each. The final two volumes, published in 2007 and 2009, bring 
the narrative up to 2008 and are named The Cartoon History of the Modern World, volumes one and two. The books have been translated into many languages, including Portuguese, Greek, Czech and Polish.

Book series
A book series, or a novel series, is a sequence of books having certain characteristics in common that are formally identified together as a group. Book series can be organized in different ways, such as written by the same author, or marketed as a group by their publisher.
Yakut language
The Yakut language (/jəˈkuːt/ yə-KOOT), also known as the Sakha language (/səˈxɑː/ sə-KHAH) or Yakutian, is a Siberian Turkic language spoken by around 450,000 native speakers—primarily by ethnic Yakuts. It is one of the official languages of the Sakha Republic, a republic in the Russian Federation.

The Yakut language has a large number of loanwords of Mongolic origin, a layer of vocabulary of unclear origin, as well as numerous recent borrowings from Russian. Like other Turkic languages, Yakut is an agglutinative language and features vowel harmony.

Grammatical gender
In linguistics, a grammatical gender system is a specific form of a noun class system, where nouns are assigned to gender categories that are often not related to the real-world qualities of the entities denoted by those nouns. In languages with grammatical gender, most or all nouns inherently carry one value of the grammatical category called gender. The values present in a given language, of which there are usually two or three, are called the genders of that language. Determiners, adjectives, and pronouns also change their form depending on the noun to which they refer.

According to one estimate, gender is used in approximately half of the world's languages.
Portnaluchaig
Portnaluchaig is a coastal hamlet, located 2 miles north of Arisaig in the Highlands of Scotland and is also in the council area of Highland.

The Small Isles of Eigg, Muck and Rùm are visible from Portnaluchaig.

Muck, Scotland
Muck (/ˈmʌk/; Scottish Gaelic: Eilean nam Muc) is the smallest of four main islands in the Small Isles, part of the Inner Hebrides of Scotland. Today, much of the island is used for grazing. Residents use wool to make rugs and clothing. There are several ancient monuments and some facilities for visitors. The few residents are served by a single school, Muck Primary School & Nursery. The island is owned by the MacEwen family.
Jim Summerville
James M. Summerville (born October 27, 1947) was a member of the Tennessee Senate from the 25th district, encompassing: Cheatham County, Dickson County, Hickman County, Humphreys County, and Robertson County; and  Dickson County, Giles County, Hickman County, Humphreys County, Lawrence County, and Lewis County before the 2012 redistricting.  A former Republican he later declared himself an Independent.

Humphreys County, Tennessee
Humphreys County is a county located in the western part of Middle Tennessee, in the U.S. state of Tennessee. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,990. Its county seat is Waverly.

The county is named after American jurist and politician Parry Wayne Humphreys. It was established in 1809 from the southern portion of Stewart County.
Panangattiri
Panangattiri is a village in Kollengode, Palakkad district of Kerala state, India.

Venkitachalapathy temple is a popular attraction. Every year in April, the temple celebrates Prathista Dhinam, organised by Gramma Brahmana Samooham.

Kollengode, Palakkad
Kollengode is a town in Palakkad district, Kerala, India. Kollengode Town is the headquarters of Kollengode Grama Panchayat and Kollengode Block Panchayat.

As of 2011 India census, Kollengode-I had a population of 18,258 with 8,911 males and 9,347 females. As of 2011 India census, Kollengode-II had a population of 11,329 with 5,463 males and 5,866 females.

Kollengode railway station is located at Oottara. State highway SH-58 passes through Kollengode. The nearest airport is Coimbatore around 70 km from Kollengode.
Lorine Schild
Lorine Schild (born 6 January 2005) is a French figure skater. She is the 2024 CS Budapest Trophy bronze medalist and the 2024 French national champion. She represented France at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

On the junior level, she is the 2022 European Youth Olympic Festival champion and 2023 French junior national champion.

ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia
The ISU Junior Grand Prix in Slovakia – also known as Skate Slovakia – is an international figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Slovak Figure Skating Association (Slovak: Slovensky Krasokorčuliarsky Zväz). It is held periodically as an event of the ISU Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating (JGP), a series of international competitions exclusively for junior-level skaters. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance. Skaters earn points based on their results at the qualifying competitions each season, and the top skaters or teams in each discipline are invited to then compete at the Junior Grand Prix of Figure Skating Final.
Muizenberg
Muizenberg (/ˈmjuːzənbɜːrɡ/ MEW-zən-burg, Dutch for 'mice mountain') is a beachside suburb and former town, situated in the Cape Flats region of Cape Town, South Africa.

Located where the shore of the Cape Peninsula curves round to the east on the False Bay coast, Muizenberg is considered to be the main surfing spot in Cape Town, and is home to a surfing community centered on the popular "Surfer's Corner".

Simon's Town
Simon's Town (Afrikaans: Simonstad), sometimes spelled Simonstown, is a town in the Western Cape, South Africa and is home to Naval Base Simon's Town, the South African Navy's largest base. It is located on the shores of Simon's Bay in False Bay, on the eastern side of the Cape Peninsula. For more than two centuries, it has been a naval base and harbour (first for the British Royal Navy and now the South African Navy). The town is named after Simon van der Stel, an early governor of the Cape Colony.
Medici Chapels
The Medici Chapels (Italian: Cappelle medicee) are two chapels built between the 16th and 17th centuries as an extension to the Basilica of San Lorenzo, in the Italian city of Florence. They are the Sagrestia Nuova ('New Sacristy'), designed by Michelangelo, and the larger Cappella dei Principi ('Chapel of the Princes'), a collaboration between the Medici family and architects. The purpose of the chapels was to celebrate the Medici family, patrons of the church and Grand Dukes of Tuscany.

These are not to be confused with the Magi Chapel in the Palazzo Medici Riccardi, then the main Medici home, that houses a famous cycle of frescoes by Benozzo Gozzoli, painted around 1459.

Magi Chapel
The Magi Chapel is a chapel in the Palazzo Medici Riccardi of Florence, Italy. Its walls are almost entirely covered by a famous cycle of frescoes by the Renaissance master Benozzo Gozzoli, painted around 1459 for the Medici family, the effective rulers of Florence.
Ice hockey at the 2019 Canada Winter Games – Men's tournament
The men's tournament in ice hockey at the 2019 Canada Winter Games was held in Red Deer, Alberta between February 16 and 22, 2019. Thirteen provinces and territories competed in the tournament, including Nunavut participating for the first time.

2019 Canada Winter Games
The 2019 Canada Winter Games, officially known as the XXVII Canada Games, is a Canadian multi-sport event that was held in Red Deer, Alberta, from February 15, 2019, to March 3, 2019. These were the third Canada Winter Games held in the province of Alberta, after the 1975 Canada Winter Games in Lethbridge and the 1995 Canada Winter Games in Grande Prairie.