hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Jhelum
The recorded history of Jhelum (Urdu: تاريخ جہلم), a district of modern-day Pakistan, covers thousands of years. Since its creation,  Persian, Greek, Hindu, Buddhist, Muslim, Sikh, and British influences have dominated it to the present-day Pakistan.

Jhelum is near the site of the famous Battle of the Hydaspes between the armies of Alexander the Great and Raja Porus. This battle took place a few miles downstream from the city centre, along the river banks. The city was founded to commemorate the death of Alexander's horse, Bucephalus, and was originally called Bucephala. Nearby there is also the historic 16th-century Rohtas Fort, another historic fort since Sikh era located at the backside of the main bus stand near Railway Phatak Jhelum City. It is now being used as stores under Railway Authorities and also Tilla Jogian; a centuries-long history of the area.

Porus
Porus or Puru (Ancient Greek: Πῶρος Pôros; fl. 326–321 BC) was an ancient Indian king whose territory spanned the region between the Jhelum River (Hydaspes) and Chenab River (Acesines) in the Punjab region. He is only mentioned in Greek sources.
Said to be a warrior with exceptional skills, Porus fought against Alexander the Great in the Battle of the Hydaspes (326 BC). Following the conflict, Porus retained his kingship. Alexander not only reinstated him as his satrap but also expanded his jurisdiction to include dominion over lands to the south-east extending as far as the Hyphasis (Beas). Porus reportedly died sometime between 321 and 315 BC.
Bendigo line
The Bendigo line is a regional passenger rail service operated by V/Line in Victoria, Australia. It serves 14 stations towards its terminus in the regional city of Bendigo. It is the third most-used regional rail service in Victoria (behind the Ballarat and Geelong services), carrying 2.06 million passengers in the 2022-23 financial year.

Beyond Bendigo, the Echuca line continues north-east to Echuca via Epsom; and the Swan Hill line continues north-west to Swan Hill via Eaglehawk. Services are operated to Bendigo and Echuca primarily using V/Line VLocity diesel multiple unit sets in either 3- or 6-car configurations; V/Line N class loco-hauled services run to Swan Hill, with a mixture of N type carriages and Z type carriages.

Swan Hill railway station
Swan Hill railway station is located on the Piangil line in Victoria, Australia. It serves the city of Swan Hill, and it opened on 30 May 1890.

The station serves as the current terminus for V/Line's Swan Hill line services. Beyond the station, Pacific National and Southern Shorthaul Railroad grain trains continue to the line's terminus at Piangil. A goods shed and silos exist near the station.

A 70 ft. turntable was provided at the station in 1940, replacing a 50 ft. turntable. The turntable was removed by September 1969.

Demolished station Lake Boga was located between Swan Hill and Kerang.

The Swan Hill (Railways Act) 1973 (Vic) facilitated the exchange of railway land that the City of Swan Hill had been using as a caravan park to the Council, in exchange for the Swan Hill wharf sidings which were transferred to railway ownership after eighty years of occupation.
Chew Valley Brewery
The Chew Valley Brewery is a microbrewery based in Pensford, Somerset, England.

The brewery was opened in 2014 by Dom Lowe and Matt Stalker, after training at Masters Brewery in Wellington. The company logo uses an illustration of the Pensford Viaduct.

First sales of their Pagan bitter were at the Stoke Inn in Chew Stoke, and are now available at several pubs in the Chew Valley including The Stoke Inn Chew Stoke, Druids Arms Stanton Drew, Rising Sun and George & Dragon in Pensford and The Old Bank in Keynsham.

Currently two beers are brewed:

Pagan (3.9% abv) brewed with Maris Otter barley and hopped with Fuggles and Golding hops. The pump clips show a tree on Pagan's Hill, Chew Stoke close to the site of the Pagans Hill Roman Temple.

Druid (4.4% abv). The pump clips depict the Stanton Drew stone circles.

Alcohol by volume
Alcohol by volume (abbreviated as alc/vol or ABV) is a common measure of the amount of alcohol contained in a given alcoholic beverage. It is defined as the volume the ethanol in the liquid would take if separated from the rest of the solution, divided by the volume of the solution, both at 20 °C (68 °F). Pure ethanol is lighter than water, with a density of 0.78945 g/mL (0.82353 oz/US fl oz; 0.79122 oz/imp fl oz; 0.45633 oz/cu in). The alc/vol standard is used worldwide. The International Organization of Legal Metrology has tables of density of water–ethanol mixtures at different concentrations and temperatures.

In some countries, e.g. France, alcohol by volume is often referred to as degrees Gay-Lussac (after the French chemist Joseph Louis Gay-Lussac), although there is a slight difference since the Gay-Lussac convention uses the International Standard Atmosphere value for temperature, 15 °C (59 °F).
Jim Taylor (footballer, born 1944)
Jim Taylor (born 21 September 1944) is a Scottish retired football right half, best remembered for his time in the Scottish League with Cowdenbeath and Raith Rovers. He also played for St Mirren and Forfar Athletic.

Cowdenbeath F.C.
Cowdenbeath Football Club (/kaʊdənˈbiːθ/ kow-dən-BEETH) is a Scottish semi-professional football team based in Cowdenbeath, Fife. They are members of the Lowland League, the fifth tier of the Scottish football league system after their relegation from Scottish League Two on 14 May 2022 following a 4–0 aggregate defeat to Bonnyrigg Rose. Formed in 1881, the club has played at Central Park since 1917. They first joined the Scottish Football League (SFL) in 1905. The club has never won any of the major honours in Scottish football, but have won lower tier divisional titles on five occasions. They competed in the top division of the SFL from 1924 to 1934, but have only completed one further top flight season since, in 1970–71.
Robert W. H. Everett
Robert William Hanmer Everett DSO (29 May 1901 – 26 January 1942) was a British jockey and a Royal Navy Volunteer Reserve pilot during the Second World War. In 1929, he won the Grand National on Gregalach. In 1941, as a Fleet Air Arm pilot, he achieved the first "kill" by a rocket-launched fighter, shooting down a long-range Focke-Wulf Fw 200 Condor over the Atlantic. For this hazardous success, he was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (DSO). Knowledge of Everett's life is fragmentary, with just a few notable events.

Fleet Air Arm
The Fleet Air Arm (FAA) is the naval aviation component of the United Kingdom's Royal Navy (RN). The FAA is one of five RN fighting arms. As of 2023 it is a primarily helicopter force, though also operating the F-35B Lightning II carrier-based stealth fighter jointly with the Royal Air Force.

The RAF was formed by the 1918 merger of the RN's Royal Naval Air Service with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps. The FAA did not come under the direct control of the Admiralty until mid-1939. During the Second World War, the FAA operated aircraft on ships as well as land-based aircraft that defended the Royal Navy's shore establishments and facilities.
LGBTQ history in Illinois
The U.S. state of Illinois has an active LGBT history, centered on its largest city Chicago, where by the 1920s a gay village had emerged in the Old Town district. Chicago was also the base for the short-lived Society for Human Rights, an early LGBT rights advocacy organization (1924). In 1961 Illinois became the first U.S. state to decriminalize certain forms of homosexual activity. Gay and lesbian culture developed in Chicago thereafter, and the 2006 Gay Games were held in the city. Civil unions have been recognized in Illinois since 2014.

Society for Human Rights
The Society for Human Rights was an American gay-rights organization established in Chicago in 1924. Society founder Henry Gerber was inspired to create it by the work of German doctor Magnus Hirschfeld and the Scientific-Humanitarian Committee and by the organisation Bund für Menschenrecht by Friedrich Radszuweit and Karl Schulz in Berlin. It was the first recognized gay rights organization in the United States, having received a charter from the state of Illinois, and produced the first American publication for homosexuals, Friendship and Freedom.
Death Dimension
Death Dimension (also known as Death Dimensions, Freeze Bomb, Icy Death, The Kill Factor, and Black Eliminator) is a 1978 American B-list action thriller and martial arts film by Al Adamson starring Jim Kelly, Harold Sakata, George Lazenby, Terry Moore, and Aldo Ray.

Aldo Ray
Aldo Ray (born Aldo Da Re; September 25, 1926 – March 27, 1991) was an American actor of film and television. He began his career as a contract player for Columbia Pictures before achieving stardom through his roles in The Marrying Kind, Pat and Mike (which earned him a Golden Globe nomination), Let's Do It Again, and Battle Cry. His athletic build and gruff, raspy voice saw him frequently typecast in "tough guy" roles throughout his career, which lasted well into the late 1980s.

Though the latter part of his career was marked by appearances in low-budget B-movies and exploitation films, he still appeared occasionally in higher-profile features, including The Secret of NIMH (1982) and The Sicilian (1987).
In 1980, Ray was awarded Best Actor for his role in Sweet Savage from the Adult Film Association's third Erotica Awards.
Opekta
Opekta was a German pectin and spice company that existed between 1928 and 1995. It is notable for its Dutch operation being based in the building at Prinsengracht 263 that later became the Anne Frank House. Opekta was based in Cologne and expanded into the Netherlands in 1933, at which time Otto Frank moved from Germany to Amsterdam to become managing director of the new Dutch operation. Otto Frank was in charge of the manufacturing and distribution of the pectin-based gelling preparations, to be used in jam making.

The company continued to trade from the same building while Frank, his family (including his youngest daughter Anne Frank) and several other Jews hid from persecution stemming from the Nazi Occupation of the Netherlands during the Second World War.

Prinsengracht
The Prinsengracht is a 3.2-kilometer (2.0 mi)-long canal that runs parallel to the Keizersgracht in the center of Amsterdam. The canal, named after the Prince of Orange, is the fourth of the four main canals belonging to the canal belt.
Elija Ridge
Elija Ridge is a prominent 7,739 ft (2,360 m) ridge located in North Cascades National Park, in Whatcom County of Washington state. It is part of the North Cascades which is a subset of the Cascade Range. The highest point is called Elija Peak, and another peak on this ridge with sufficient prominence to qualify as a separate summit is called Ezekiel, (7,521 ft; 2,292 m). The nearest higher neighbor is Gabriel Peak, 1.9 miles (3.1 km) to the southeast, Beebe Mountain is set 1.86 miles (2.99 km) to the northeast, and Ruby Mountain is 4.86 miles (7.82 km) to the northwest. Precipitation runoff from this ridge drains to Ross Lake via Panther Creek. This geographical feature is named after the prophet Elija, which is a reference to Tommy Rowland who settled in the Skagit River area in 1895 and later pronounced himself the "Prophet Elisha." Gabriel Peak, Genesis Peak, and Mount Prophet are also named in association with Rowland.

Mount Prophet
Mount Prophet is a steep and remote mountain in the North Cascades of Washington state. Located between several isolated valleys west of Ross Lake and east of the Picket Range, the mountain was named in reference to Tommy Rowland, a "religiously fanatic" prospector who lived by the Skagit River in the late 19th century. Because of its difficult-to-access location, few people have attempted to climb Mount Prophet.

Ringed by the separate valleys of the two Beaver Creeks and Arctic Creek, the mountain rises steeply from the valley floor, which gives it a prominence of over 4,000 feet (1,220 m). It is the 18th most prominent peak in Washington state. Several trails lead to drainages near the mountain, the closest of which is the Little Beaver-Big Beaver Loop, a distance of roughly 26.5 miles (42.6 km).
Givin' All My Love
"Givin' All My Love" is a song by Italian Eurodance project Whigfield which was performed by Danish-born Sannie Charlotte Carlson. It is written by Annerley Gordon, Daniela Galli, Davide Riva and Paul Sears. The song was released on 19 March 1998 as the final single from her second album Whigfield II. "Givin' All My Love" was released in Europe and Scandinavia. peaking at number 33 on the (Eurochart Hot 100).

Ann Lee (singer)
Annerley Emma Gordon (born 12 November 1967), most known professionally as Ann Lee, is a British Eurodance singer and songwriter, who rose to fame in the late 1990s. She is known primarily for her hit singles "2 Times" (1998) and "Voices" (1999).
Carl Einar Pelander
Carl Einar Pelander (October 18, 1893 – February 16, 1966) was a stamp dealer and auctioneer who was an expert on postage stamps and postal history of the Scandinavian countries of Denmark, Greenland, Iceland, Danish West Indies, Finland, Norway, and Sweden.

Scandinavian Collectors Club
The Scandinavian Collectors Club is a United States–based philatelic society dedicated to the collection and study of the postage stamps and postal history of the Scandinavia region, including the geographical regions of Åland, Aunus, the Danish West Indies, Denmark, Faroe Islands, Finland, Greenland, Iceland, Karelia, North Ingermanland, Norway, Slesvig, and Sweden.
The Desperate Man (film)
The Desperate Man is a 1959 British second feature ('B') crime film directed by Peter Maxwell and starring Conrad Phillips, Jill Ireland, William Hartnell, Charles Gray and Peter Swanwick. It was written by James Eastwood  adapted from the 1958 novel Beginner's Luck by Paul Somers, better known as Andrew Garve. The plot involves a writer who investigates a murder in the tower of a castle.

In the US, the feature was shown as an episode of Kraft Mystery Theater in 1961.

Charles Gray (actor)
Donald Marshall Gray (29 August 1928 – 7 March 2000), known professionally as Charles Gray, was an English actor. Gray was best known for playing Ernst Stavro Blofeld in Diamonds Are Forever, Dikko Henderson in You Only Live Twice, Mycroft Holmes in The Adventures of Sherlock Holmes, The Criminologist in The Rocky Horror Picture Show, and as Judge Oliver Wright in the 1981 sequel Shock Treatment.
Piano Pieces
Piano Pieces is a ballet choreographed by Jerome Robbins to music by Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky. The ballet was made for New York City Ballet's Tchaikovsky Festival, and premiered on June 11, 1981, at the New York State Theater.

David H. Koch Theater
The David H. Koch Theater is a theater for ballet and dance at Lincoln Center in the Lincoln Square neighborhood of Manhattan in New York City. Originally named the New York State Theater, the venue has been home to the New York City Ballet since its opening in 1964, and served as home to the New York City Opera from 1964 to 2011. Renamed to honor philanthropist David Koch, the theater occupies the south side of the main plaza of Lincoln Center, opposite David Geffen Hall near 63rd Street and Columbus Avenue.
Poojapushpam
Poojapushpam is a 1969 Indian Malayalam-language film, directed by Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair and produced by K. S. Gopalakrishnan (Tamil). The film stars Prem Nazir, Sheela, Thikkurissy Sukumaran Nair and T. S. Muthaiah. The film's score was composed by V. Dakshinamoorthy.

T. S. Muthaiah
T. S. Muthaiah (22 January 1923 – 17 February 1992) was a Malayalam and Tamil film actor. He was a popular actor in both film industries and usually played character and supporting roles in the 1950s and 1960s.
Rebecca Wanzo
Rebecca Ann Wanzo (born 1975) is an American academic specializing in African-American literature and culture, critical race theory, fan studies, and feminist theory. She is a professor and chair of the women, gender, and sexuality studies department at Washington University in St. Louis. Wanzo's 2020 book, The Content of Our Caricature: African American Comic Art and Political Belonging, won the Eisner Award for Best Academic/Scholarly Work.

Fan studies
Fan studies is an academic discipline that analyses fans, fandoms, fan cultures and fan activities, including fanworks. It is an interdisciplinary field located at the intersection of the humanities and social sciences, which emerged in the early 1990s as a separate discipline, and draws particularly on audience studies and cultural studies.
Randy Rogers Band
Randy Rogers Band is an American country music band from San Marcos, Texas. The band is composed of Randy Rogers (lead vocals), Geoffrey Hill (guitar), Jon Richardson (bass guitar), Brady Black (fiddle), Les Lawless (drums), and Todd Stewart (guitar, fiddle, mandolin, keyboards). They have recorded seven studio albums and two live albums, and have charted seven singles on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts.

San Marcos, Texas
San Marcos (/ˌsæn ˈmɑːrkəs/) is a city and the county seat of Hays County, Texas, United States. The city is a part of the Greater Austin Metropolitan Area. San Marcos's limits extend into Caldwell and Guadalupe counties, as well. San Marcos is on the Interstate 35 corridor between Austin and San Antonio. Its population was 44,894 at the 2010 census and 67,553 at the 2020 census.
Founded on the banks of the San Marcos River, the area is thought to be among the oldest continuously inhabited sites in the Americas. San Marcos is home to Texas State University and the Meadows Center for Water and the Environment.

In 2010, San Marcos was listed in Business Week's fourth annual survey of the "Best Places to Raise your Kids". In 2013 and 2014, the United States Census Bureau named it the fastest-growing city in the United States. In December 2013, it was named number nine on Business Insider's list of the "10 Most Exciting Small Cities In America".
Brian O'Grady
Brian O'Grady (born May 17, 1992) is an American professional baseball center fielder and first baseman for the Algodoneros de Unión Laguna of the Mexican League. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Cincinnati Reds, Tampa Bay Rays, and San Diego Padres. He has also played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Saitama Seibu Lions, and in the KBO League for the Hanwha Eagles.

Saitama Seibu Lions
The Saitama Seibu Lions (埼玉西武ライオンズ, Saitama Seibu Raionzu) are a professional baseball team in Japan's Pacific League based north of Tokyo in Tokorozawa, Saitama Prefecture. Before 1979, they were based in Fukuoka, Fukuoka Prefecture, in Kyushu. The team is owned by a subsidiary of Seibu Railway, which in turn is owned by the Seibu Holdings. The team experienced a recent period of financial difficulty, but the situation brightened when the team received a record ¥6 billion (about $51.11 million) posting fee from the Boston Red Sox for the right to negotiate a contract with Daisuke Matsuzaka. Between 1978 and 2008, the team logo and mascot were based on the adult version of Kimba the White Lion, a classic Japanese anime and manga series by Osamu Tezuka. In 2004, former Seibu Lions player Kazuo Matsui became the first Japanese infielder to play in Major League Baseball.
Mita Avramov
Mita Avramov (Serbian Cyrillic: Мита Аврамов; born 22 August 1952) is a Serbian politician. He has served in the National Assembly of Serbia and the Assembly of Vojvodina and was the mayor of Šid from 2004 to 2008. He was a member of the far-right Serbian Radical Party (SRS) for many years and later joined the Serbian Progressive Party (SNS).

Šid
Šid (Serbian Cyrillic: Шид, pronounced [ʃîːd]; Hungarian: Sid) is a town and municipality located in the Srem District of the autonomous province of Vojvodina, Serbia. It has a population of 12,628, while the municipality has 27,894 inhabitants (2022 census). A border crossing between Serbia and Croatia is located in the town.
Larry Demic
Lawrence Curtis Demic (born June 27, 1957) is an American former professional basketball player for the New York Knicks in the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played three seasons with the Knicks from 1979 through 1982. Demic played college basketball for the Arizona Wildcats, where he was an All-Pac-10 first team selection in 1979. He was drafted in the 1979 NBA draft in the first round with the ninth overall pick by New York.

In 1983, he played for the Crispa Redmanizers in the Open Conference of the Philippine Basketball Association, teaming up with Billy Ray Bates to win the championship and the Grand Slam for the Redmanizers.

Billy Ray Bates
Billy Ray Bates (born May 31, 1956) is a retired American professional basketball player. Bates played shooting guard at McAdams High in Mississippi and attended Kentucky State University.

Bates played four seasons in the National Basketball Association for the Portland Trail Blazers, Washington Bullets, and Los Angeles Lakers. He also played overseas, in Switzerland, Mexico, Uruguay, and most notably in the Philippines for the Crispa Redmanizers and Ginebra San Miguel of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). Bates is considered one of the greatest foreign players in the PBA's history.
Topaz Energy
Topaz was an Irish petroleum retail chain, which had a presence across the island of Ireland. The legal entity was formed in 2005 and previously traded under the Statoil and Shell brands, until 2008 when the Topaz brand replaced both in Ireland. It acquired Esso's Irish operations in 2015. In June 2018, The Topaz brand was replaced by Circle K.

Esso
Esso (/ˈɛsoʊ/) is a trading name for ExxonMobil. Originally, the name was primarily used by its predecessor Standard Oil of New Jersey after the breakup of the original Standard Oil company in 1911. The company adopted the name "Esso" (from the phonetic pronunciation of Standard Oil's initials and as an acronym of Eastern States Standard Oil), to which the other Standard Oil companies would later object.

Standard Oil of New Jersey started marketing its products under the Esso brand in 1926. In 1972, the name Esso was largely replaced in the U.S. by the Exxon brand after the Standard Oil of New Jersey bought Humble Oil, while the Esso name remained widely used elsewhere. In most of the world, the Esso brand and the Mobil brand are the primary brand names of ExxonMobil, while the Exxon brand is used only in the United States alongside Mobil.
Arakawa River (Kantō)
The Arakawa River or Ara River (Japanese: 荒川, Hepburn: Arakawa; "kawa" (川) already means "river") is a 173-kilometre (107 mi) long river that flows through Saitama Prefecture and Tokyo. Its average flow in 2002 was 30 m3/s.

It originates on Mount Kobushi in Saitama Prefecture, and empties into Tokyo Bay. It has a total catchment area of 2,940 km2 (1,140 sq mi).

The river is one of Tokyo's major sources of tap water, and together with the Tone River, accounts for around 80% of Tokyo's water supply as of 2018. The Okubo water purification plant takes water from the river.

Tone River
The Tone River (利根川, Tone-gawa; Japanese pronunciation: [to.ne.ɡa.wa, -ŋa.wa], locally [to.neꜜ.ɡa.wa, -ŋa.wa]) is a river in the Kantō region of Japan. It is 322 kilometers (200 mi) in length (the second longest in Japan after the Shinano River) and has a drainage area of 16,840 square kilometers (6,500 sq mi) (the largest in Japan). It is nicknamed Bandō Tarō (坂東太郎); Bandō is an obsolete alias of the Kantō Region, and Tarō is a popular given name for an oldest son. It is regarded as one of the "Three Greatest Rivers" of Japan, the others being the Shinano River in northeastern Honshu and the Ishikari River in Hokkaido.
Guns of the Law
Guns of the Law is a 1944 American Western film written and directed by Elmer Clifton. The film stars Dave O'Brien, James Newill and Guy Wilkerson, with Jennifer Holt, Budd Buster and Charles King. The film was released on 31 March 1944, by Producers Releasing Corporation.

Guy Wilkerson
Guy Owen Wilkerson (December 21, 1899 – July 15, 1971) was an American actor, known primarily for his roles in Western B movies. With his tall, lanky frame, he often played sidekick or comedy relief parts.