hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Oscott Psalter
The Oscott Psalter (British Library Add MS 50000) is an illustrated psalter made between 1265 and 1270, possibly in Oxford, and currently in the collections of the British Library in London. It is possible that it was commissioned for Ottobuono de' Fieschi, the future Pope Adrian V. It is named after St Mary's College, Oscott, where it was kept in the 19th century. Its decoration is considered of very high quality for its period.

Pope Adrian V
Pope Adrian V (Latin: Hadrianus V; c. 1210/1220 – 18 August 1276), born Ottobuono de' Fieschi, was the head of the Catholic Church and ruler of the Papal States from 11 July 1276 to his death on 18 August 1276. He was an envoy of Pope Clement IV sent to England in May 1265 who successfully completed his task of resolving disputes between King Henry III of England and his barons. Adrian V was elected pope following the death of Innocent V, but died of natural illness before being ordained to the priesthood.

In the Divine Comedy, Dante meets Adrian V in the fifth terrace of Purgatorio where Adrian V cleanses for the vice of avarice.
Talmenka
Talmenka (Russian: Тальменка) is the name of several inhabited localities in Russia.

Urban localities

Talmenka, Talmensky District, Altai Krai, a work settlement under the administrative jurisdiction of Talmensky Settlement Council in Talmensky District of Altai Krai

Rural localities

Talmenka, Soloneshensky District, Altai Krai, a selo in Soloneshensky Selsoviet of Soloneshensky District of Altai Krai

Talmenka, Novosibirsk Oblast, a selo in Iskitimsky District of Novosibirsk Oblast

Altai Krai
Altai Krai (Russian: Алтайский край, IPA: [ɐlˈtajskʲɪj kraj]) is a federal subject of Russia (a krai). It borders, clockwise from the west, Kazakhstan (East Kazakhstan Region, Abai Region and Pavlodar Region), Novosibirsk and Kemerovo, and the Altai Republic. Its administrative centre is the city of Barnaul. As of the 2021 Census, the population of the krai was 2,163,693.
2007 Sedgefield by-election
A by-election for the United Kingdom parliamentary constituency of Sedgefield was held on 19 July 2007, triggered by the resignation of incumbent Labour Party Member of Parliament (MP) and Prime Minister Tony Blair. It was won by Phil Wilson, who held the seat for Labour.

The by-election was initiated when Blair resigned both of his parliamentary offices in order to become envoy for the international diplomatic Quartet on the Middle East. He had held the constituency since its creation in 1983, and Labour had held the seat and its predecessors since 1935.

The Ealing Southall by-election was held on the same day, also resulting in a Labour hold.

Quartet on the Middle East
The Quartet on the Middle East or Middle East Quartet, sometimes called the Diplomatic Quartet or Madrid Quartet or simply the Quartet, is a foursome of nations and international and supranational entities involved in mediating the Israeli–Palestinian peace process. The Quartet consists of the United Nations, the United States, the European Union, and Russia. The group was established in Madrid in 2002, recalling the Madrid Conference of 1991, as a result of the escalating conflict in the Middle East.
Gotta Move On (Toni Braxton song)
"Gotta Move On" is a song by American singer Toni Braxton. It was written and produced by Braxton along with Jeremih Felton and Kenneth Coby for her tenth studio album Spell My Name (2020), while production was helmed by Coby under his moniker Soundz, with Paul Boutin and Braxton serving as vocal producers. A slow-burning anthem about getting past a failed relationship, "Gotta Move On" features a guitar solo from singer H.E.R. The song was released as the album's third single on August 24, 2020, and became Braxton's eleventh chart topper on the US Adult R&B Songs chart.

Adult R&B Songs
The Adult R&B Songs chart (also called Adult R&B Airplay) is an airplay chart that is published weekly by Billboard magazine. The chart tracks and measures the airplay of songs played on urban adult contemporary radio stations, whose playlist mostly include contemporary R&B and traditional R&B tracks. Nielsen Audio sometimes refers to the format as Urban adult contemporary radio. Billboard created the chart in September 1993, with the first number one being "Another Sad Love Song" by Toni Braxton.
Meralda Warren
Meralda Elva Junior Warren (born 28 June 1959) is an artist and poet of the Pitcairn Islands, a remote British Overseas Territory in the South Pacific. She works in both English and Pitkern, the island's distinctive creole language. Her book, Mi Bas Side Orn Pitcairn, written with the island's six children, is the first to be written and published in both English and Pitkern. As an artist, she works with tapa cloth, a Polynesian tradition. She has also published a cookbook featuring Pitcairn Island cuisine.

Warren has also served as the island's nurse, its only police officer, a ham radio operator, and as a member of the territory's governing council, among many other roles.

Tapa cloth
Tapa cloth (or simply tapa) is a barkcloth made in the islands of the Pacific Ocean, primarily in Tonga, Samoa and Fiji, but as far afield as Niue, Cook Islands, Futuna, Solomon Islands, Java, Sulawesi, New Zealand, Vanuatu, Papua New Guinea and Hawaii (where it is called kapa). In French Polynesia it has nearly disappeared, except for some villages in the Marquesas. In Melville's Typee, the ship Dolly enters the harbor of Nukuheva where it is met by "swimming nymphs ... their adornments were completed by passing a few loose folds of white tappa, in a modest cincture, around the waist."
Active Citizen Project
The Active Citizen Project (ACP) is a New York City-based non-profit organization founded in 2003 by filmmaker Linda Goode Bryant in response to the 2004 U.S. presidential election. Throughout the United States, ACP engages high school students in internet activism using art and new media.

Internet activism
Internet activism involves the use of electronic-communication technologies such as social media, e-mail, and podcasts for various forms of activism to enable faster and more effective communication by citizen movements, the delivery of particular information to large and specific audiences, as well as coordination. Internet technologies are used by activists for cause-related fundraising, community building, lobbying, and organizing. A digital-activism campaign is "an
organized public effort, making collective claims on a target authority, in which civic initiators or supporters use digital media."  Research has started to address specifically how activist/advocacy groups in the U.S. and in Canada use social media to achieve digital-activism objectives.
Irwin Cox
(Irwin) Edward Bainbridge Cox, JP, DL, who used the pen-name I.E.B.C. (9 July 1838 – 27 August 1922) was a British Barrister, magazine proprietor and politician. He served as a Unionist Member of Parliament for Harrow at the beginning of the Twentieth Century.

Harrow (UK Parliament constituency)
Harrow was a constituency of the House of Commons of the UK Parliament 1885—1945 in Middlesex, a traditional county; it covered an area forming part of the north-west of today's Greater London.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP).

The constituency was created for the 1885 general election, substantially reduced on the creation of more seats in 1918 and abolished for the 1945 general election.

The 2023 Periodic Review of Westminster constituencies initially proposed recreating the constituency, with boundaries similar to that of Harrow West.
Crossroads, Western Cape
Crossroads is a high-density township in the Western  Cape, South Africa.

It is situated near Cape Town International Airport and borders Nyanga, Philippi, Heideveld, Gugulethu and Mitchells Plain. Crossroads is one of greater Cape Town's largest townships.

Mitchells Plain
Mitchells Plain is a large census designated sub-place located within the City of Cape Town, Western Cape, South Africa and situated about 28 km (17 mi) from the Cape Town city centre. It is one of South Africa's largest residential areas and contains multiple smaller suburbs. It is located on the Cape Flats on the False Bay coast between Muizenberg and Khayelitsha. Conceived of as a "model suburb" by the apartheid government, it was built during the 1970s to provide housing for Coloured victims of forced removal due to the implementation of the Group Areas Act.

At an estimated population of 290,000–305,000 people, it comprises a number of sub-sections which reflect the diverse class backgrounds of the population. It was once a major stronghold of the United Democratic Front, the broad-based ANC-sponsored anti-apartheid body. It also has one of greater Cape Town's biggest shopping centres, known as the Liberty Promenade.
Serguei Kouchnerov
Serguei Kouchnerov (Siarhiej Kušniaroŭ, Belarusian: Сяргей Кушняроў, born 22 June 1960 in Rahachow, Byelorussian SSR) is a Belarusian-Ukrainian artist, animator, director, story artist and screenwriter. He started his career as an animator and director in Kiev, Ukraine. In 1992, he was hired by Walt Disney Feature Animation as a character animator and came to the United States of America, where he currently lives and works at Illumination Entertainment.

Adobe Character Animator
Adobe Character Animator is a desktop application software product that combines real-time live motion-capture with a multi-track recording system to control layered 2D puppets based on an illustration drawn in Photoshop or Illustrator. It is automatically installed with Adobe After Effects CC 2015 to 2017 and is also available as a standalone application which one can download separately as part of a Creative Cloud all-apps subscription. It is used to generate real-time 2D animations to produce both live and non-live animation.
Pocket Mirror (video game)
Pocket Mirror is a mystery adventure horror video game developed by AstralShiftPro and released in 2016. The game was created using RPG Maker VX Ace and was inspired by other horror RPG games, such as Ib and The Witch's House. The game follows a young girl with clouded memories as she explores a mysterious mansion filled with puzzles, using a strange pocket mirror to uncover her true identity. The game later received a prequel, Little Goody Two Shoes, published by Square Enix Collective in 2023. A remastered edition, Pocket Mirror ~ GoldenerTraum, was also released the same year.

Horror game
A horror game is a video game genre centered on horror fiction and typically designed to scare the player. The term may also be used to describe tabletop games with horror fiction elements.

Unlike most other video game genres, which are classified by their gameplay, horror games are nearly always based on narrative or visual presentation, and use a variety of gameplay types.
Mylex
Mylex Corporation was an American computer company active from 1983 to 1999. The company mainly produced peripherals and expansion cards for personal computers—chiefly the IBM Personal Computer—for the bulk of its existence, although it also produced complete motherboards. In the mid-1990s the company focused on designing and manufacturing RAID controllers, eventually cornering 75 percent of the RAID controller market. In 1999, the company was acquired by and made a subsidiary of IBM for approximately $240 million. In 2002, IBM sold their Mylex division to LSI Logic for an undisclosed amount.

Peripheral
A peripheral  device, or simply peripheral, is an auxiliary hardware device that a computer uses to transfer information externally. A peripheral is a hardware component that is accessible to and controlled by a computer but is not a core component of the computer. It can communicate with a computer through wired or wireless connections. Many modern electronic devices, such as Internet-enabled digital watches, video game consoles, smartphones, and tablet computers, have interfaces for use as a peripheral.

Mouses and keyboards became the standard for computer peripheral input devices in the 1970s, while memory storage devices continued to be developed in new ways. Output devices, such as monitors, began as cathode rays, before switching to LCD monitors in the 1980s.
Benjamin Buck Greene
Benjamin Buck Greene (1808 – 3 April 1902) was a British banker, plater, and financier. He inherited a large fortune derived from the Atlantic slave trade and the sugar industry in the Caribbean, later becoming one of London's leading merchants and shipowners. He served as a director of the Bank of England for fifty years from 1850, also serving as deputy governor (1871-3) and governor (1873–5).

Governor of the Bank of England
The governor of the Bank of England is the most senior position in the Bank of England. It is nominally a civil service post, but the appointment tends to be from within the bank, with the incumbent choosing and mentoring a successor. The governor of the Bank of England is also chairman of the Monetary Policy Committee, with a major role in guiding national economic and monetary policy, and is therefore one of the most important public officials in the United Kingdom.

According to the original charter of 27 July 1694 the bank's affairs would be supervised by a governor, a deputy governor, and 24 directors. In its current incarnation, the bank's Court of Directors has 12 (or up to 14) members, of whom five are various designated executives of the bank.

The 121st and current governor is Andrew Bailey, who began his term in March 2020.
Signal (Twice song)
"Signal" (stylized in all caps) is a song recorded by South Korean girl group Twice. The song was released on May 15, 2017, by JYP Entertainment and distributed by KT Music, as the lead single from their fourth extended play of the same name. The Japanese version of "Signal", along with its accompanying short version of the music video, was released on June 14, 2017, as a promotional single for their first Japanese compilation album, #Twice.

"Signal" was Twice's first lead single produced by JYP Entertainment founder Park Jin-young. The song won Song of the Year and Best Dance Performance – Female Group at the 2017 Mnet Asian Music Awards.

Twice (Twice album)
#Twice (Hashtag Twice) is the first Japanese compilation album by South Korean girl group Twice. It is a compilation album consisting of both Korean and Japanese-language versions of the group's first five singles. It was released on June 28, 2017, by Warner Music Japan.

The album surpassed 100,000 unit sales within four days of its release, and sold a total of 136,157 physical copies in its first week. It recorded over 200,000 unit sales on the Oricon Albums Chart in less than a month. In less than two months, it sold over 260,000 copies, earning it a Platinum certification from the Recording Industry Association of Japan (RIAJ).
The Grocery Clerk
The Grocery Clerk is a 1919 American silent short comedy film directed by and starring Larry Semon, Lucille Carlisle, Monty Banks, Frank Hayes, Frank Alexander, Pete Gordon, and Jack Duffy. The film has been released as part of a collection on DVD.

Frank Hayes (actor)
Frank Hayes (May 17, 1871 – December 28, 1923) was an American film actor of the silent era. He appeared in more than 70 films between 1913 and 1924. An actor with a unique hatchet face appearance he appeared mostly in comedies. His facial appearance naturally lent to comedic effect in silent films — in particular when he would leave out his dentures — but he also showed up in sentimental farces such as A Hoosier Romance (1918), an early film starring Colleen Moore. In his last appearance, even though brief in the theatrical cut, he played "Old Grannis" in the tragedy Greed.

He died in Hollywood, California from pneumonia, aged 52.
Dodging and burning
Dodging and burning are techniques used during the printing process to manipulate the exposure of select areas on a photographic print, deviating from the rest of the image's exposure. In a darkroom print from a film negative, dodging decreases the exposure for areas of the print that the photographer wishes to be lighter, while burning increases the exposure to areas of the print that should be darker.

Any material with varying degrees of opacity may be used, as preferred, to cover or obscure the desired area for burning or dodging. One may use a transparency with text, designs, patterns, a stencil, or a completely opaque material shaped according to the desired area of burning/dodging.

Many modern digital image editing programs have "dodge" and "burn" tools that mimic the effect on digital images.

Exposure (photography)
In photography, exposure is the amount of light per unit area reaching a frame of photographic film or the surface of an electronic image sensor. It is determined by exposure time, lens f-number, and scene luminance. Exposure is measured in units of lux-seconds (symbol lx⋅s), and can be computed from exposure value (EV) and scene luminance in a specified region.

An "exposure" is a single shutter cycle. For example, a long exposure refers to a single, long shutter cycle to gather enough dim light, whereas a multiple exposure involves a series of shutter cycles, effectively layering a series of photographs in one image. The accumulated photometric exposure (Hv) is the same so long as the total exposure time is the same.
Trichaptum abietinum
Trichaptum abietinum is a species of poroid fungus in the order Hymenochaetales. It is saprophytic, growing from dead conifer wood.

The white-gray cap is 1–4 cm wide and usually no more than 0.5 cm thick, shelved and fanlike, with brownish and leathery flesh. The spores are white, cylindrical, and smooth.

The species is inedible.

Similar species include Trichaptum biforme, Bjerkandera adusta, and Trametes versicolor.

Trametes versicolor
Trametes versicolor – also known as Coriolus versicolor and Polyporus versicolor – is a common polypore mushroom found throughout the world. Owing to its shape being similar to that of a wild turkey's tail feathers, T. versicolor is most commonly referred to as turkey tail.

Although polysaccharide-K, an extract of T. versicolor, is approved in Japan as an adjuvant therapy in cancer treatment, it is not approved in the United States for treatment of cancer or any clinical condition. Extracts of turkey tail or the mushroom itself are commonly marketed as a dietary supplement for various health benefits, but there is no good scientific evidence for safety or effectiveness, and quality can vary due to inconsistent processing and labeling.
Maria Humeniuk
Maria Vasylivna Humeniuk (Ukrainian: Марі́я Васи́лівна Гуменю́к; née Kuzemko; born 26 February 1948) is a Ukrainian politician and writer who served as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from 1990 to 1994, representing the city of Ternopil for the Democratic Bloc coalition. Humeniuk is also a prose writer.

Democratic Bloc (Ukraine)
The Democratic Bloc (Ukrainian: Демократичний Блок; Demokratychnyi Blok) was a political alliance and an electoral bloc in Ukraine founded during the election campaign to participate in the parliamentary election held in March 1990.
Sampoorna (TV series)
Sampoorna is an Indian Hindi-language drama television series that aired from 8 September 2025 on StarPlus. Produced by Shree Venkatesh Films, it stars Sandipta Sen, Aham Sharma and Vishal Aditya Singh, marking the Hindi television debut of Sen and return of Sharma to television after a hiatus of six years. It is the Hindi remake of the Bengali web series Noshtoneer starring Sen herself as the protagonist. As a planned finite series, the show completed it's run on 9 December 2025 completing 85 episodes.

Sandipta Sen
Sandipta Sen (born 27 August 1986) is an Indian Bengali actress best known for her works in the Bengali television industry. She primarily works in Bengali soap operas and web series besides a few film appearances. In 2009 and 2010, she was awarded the Tele Shamman Award for her debut television soap Durga. In 2014, 2015 and 2017, she was awarded the Tele Academy Award for the Best Actress.
Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley (UK Parliament constituency)
Carrick, Cumnock and Doon Valley was a county constituency represented in the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1983 until 2005. Half of the constituency was incorporated into the new Ayr, Carrick and Cumnock constituency, with the remainder incorporated into the new Central Ayrshire constituency and the expanded Kilmarnock and Loudoun constituency.

South Ayrshire (UK Parliament constituency)
South Ayrshire was a county constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1868 until 1983, when it was abolished. It returned one Member of Parliament (MP), elected by the first past the post voting system.
Reg Freeson
Reginald Yarnitz Freeson (24 February 1926 – 9 October 2006) was a British Labour politician.  He was a Member of Parliament for 23 years, from 1964 to 1987, for Willesden East and later Brent East, with 14 years on the front bench.  He became a junior minister in the Ministry of Power in 1967, and then led his party on housing policy for 10 years, from 1969 to 1979, serving as Minister of State for Housing from 1969 to 1970 and then again from 1974 to 1979, and being his party's housing spokesman in the intervening period.  He continued as health and social security spokesman until 1981. His soft-left opinions made him vulnerable to the hard left in the early 1980s, and he was deselected in 1985, leaving Parliament at the 1987 general election to be succeeded by hard-leftwinger and future London mayor Ken Livingstone.

Soft left
The soft left, also known as the open left, inside left and historically as the Tribunite left, is a faction within the British Labour Party. The term "soft left" was coined to distinguish the mainstream left, represented by former leader Michael Foot, from the hard left, represented by Tony Benn. People belonging to the soft left may be called soft leftists or Tribunites. As of 2025, it is the largest faction in the Parliamentary Labour Party.
Constantine (film)
Constantine (/ˌkɒnstənˈtiːn/ KON-stən-TEEN) is a 2005 American supernatural superhero film directed by Francis Lawrence, and written by Kevin Brodbin and Frank Cappello. It is loosely based on the Hellblazer comic book series. The film stars Keanu Reeves as John Constantine, a cynical exorcist with the ability to perceive and communicate with half-angels and half-demons in their true forms and to travel between Earth and Hell. The cast also features Rachel Weisz, Shia LaBeouf, Tilda Swinton, Pruitt Taylor Vince, Djimon Hounsou, Gavin Rossdale and Peter Stormare.

Constantine was released theatrically in the United States on February 18, 2005, to mixed reviews, and grossed $231 million on a production budget between $70–100 million. Since its release, it has garnered a cult following. A sequel is in development.

Exorcist
In some religions, an exorcist (from the Greek „ἐξορκιστής“) is a person who is believed to be able to cast out the devil or  performs  the ridding of demons or other supernatural beings who are alleged to have possessed a person, or (sometimes) a building or object. An exorcist can be a specially prepared or instructed person including: priest, a nun, a monk, a witch doctor (healer), a shaman, a psychic or a geomancer (Feng shui - Chinese geomancy).