hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Glenfield Park (New Jersey)
Glenfield Park is a county park in Montclair and a small part in Glen Ridge, both in Essex County, New Jersey.  It has 19-acre (77,000 m2) in Montclair, and 1-acre (4,000 m2) in Glen Ridge.  It shares a name with the nearby Glenfield Middle School.  Glenfield Park is part of the Essex County Park System.

Glen Ridge, New Jersey
Glen Ridge is a borough in Essex County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 7,802, an increase of 275 (+3.7%) from the 2010 census count of 7,527, which in turn reflected an increase of 256 (+3.5%) from the 7,271 counted in the 2000 census. The borough is one of a few in New Jersey preserving the use of gas lamps for street lighting.
Negotiations during the Venezuelan crisis
The negotiations during the crisis in Venezuela are the negotiation and dialogue attempts and processes between the government of Nicolás Maduro and the Venezuelan opposition. Although numerous dialogue processes and roundtables have taken place, by 2023 none had been effective in achieving a solution to the country's crisis.

Jorge Rodríguez (Venezuelan politician)
Jorge Jesús Rodríguez Gómez (born 9 November 1965) is a Venezuelan politician  serving as President of the National Assembly of Venezuela since 2021. He is the brother of Delcy Rodríguez, the vice president and acting president of Venezuela.

He was vice president of Venezuela under the government of Hugo Chávez from 8 January 2007, to 3 January 2008, rector and president of the National Electoral Council from January 2005 to April 2006, and mayor of Caracas from November 2008 to December 2017. He served as Venezuela’s Minister of Communication and Information under President Nicolás Maduro from November 2017 until 4 September 2020, when he left the position to successfully run in that year’s parliamentary elections in the Capital District.
Juilliard v. Greenman
Juilliard v. Greenman, 110 U.S. 421 (1884), was a Supreme Court of the United States case in which issuance of greenbacks as legal tender in peacetime was challenged.
The Legal Tender Acts of 1862 and 1863 were upheld.

Augustus D. Juilliard sold and delivered 100 bales of cotton to Thomas S. Greenman for $5,122.90. Greenman tendered $5,100 in United States legal tender notes and the rest in coin, but Juilliard would not accept the U.S. notes. The tendered notes were originally issued under an act of Congress passed on February 25, 1862, and March 3, 1863, during the Civil War. An act of May 31, 1878 provided to "forbid the further retirement of United States legal tender notes."

Greenback (1860s money)
Greenbacks were emergency paper currency issued by the United States during the American Civil War that were printed in green on the back. They were in two forms: Demand Notes, issued in 1861–1862, and United States Notes, issued in 1862–1865. A form of fiat money, the notes were legal tender for most purposes and carried varying promises of eventual payment in coin but were not backed by existing gold or silver reserves.
Shear legs
Shear legs, also known as sheers, shears, or sheer legs, are a form of two-legged lifting device.  Shear legs may be permanent, formed of a solid A-frame and supports, as commonly seen on land and the floating sheerleg, or temporary, as aboard a vessel lacking a fixed crane or derrick.

When fixed, they are often used for very heavy lifting, as in tank recovery, shipbuilding, and offshore salvage operations.  At dockyards they hoist masts and other substantial rigging parts on board.  They are sometimes temporarily rigged on sailboats for similar tasks.

Rigging
Rigging comprises the system of ropes, cables and chains, which support and control a sailing ship or sail boat's masts and sails.  Standing rigging is the fixed rigging that supports masts including shrouds and stays.  Running rigging is rigging which adjusts the position of the vessel's sails and spars including halyards, braces, sheets and vangs.
Great Blue Hill eruption prank
On April 1, 1980, the Boston-based television station WNAC-TV aired a fake news bulletin that stated that Great Blue Hill was erupting. Intended as an April Fools' prank, it resulted in panic in Milton, Massachusetts, and the surrounding area. The news bulletin included footage taken from a real eruption of Mount St. Helens, and  edited remarks from President Jimmy Carter and Governor Edward J. King.

Milton, Massachusetts
Milton is a town in Norfolk County, Massachusetts, United States and an immediate southern suburb of Boston. The population was 28,630 at the 2020 census.

Milton is located in the relatively hilly area between the Neponset River and Blue Hills, bounded by Brush Hill to the west, Milton Hill to the east, Blue Hills to the south and the Neponset River to the north. It is also bordered by Boston's Dorchester and Mattapan district to the north and its Hyde Park district to the west, with the neighboring Massachusetts city of Quincy to the east and the towns of Randolph to the south, and Canton to the west.
Signal averaging
Signal averaging is a signal processing technique applied in the time domain, intended to increase the strength of a signal relative to noise that is obscuring it. By averaging a set of replicate measurements, the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) will be increased, ideally in proportion to the square root of the number of measurements.

Signal processing
Signal processing is an electrical engineering subfield that focuses on analyzing, modifying and synthesizing signals, such as sound, images, potential fields, seismic signals, altimetry processing, and scientific measurements. Signal processing techniques are used to optimize transmissions, digital storage efficiency, correcting distorted signals, improve subjective video quality, and to detect or pinpoint components of interest in a measured signal.
Packing coloring
In graph theory, a packing coloring (also called a broadcast coloring) is a type of graph coloring where vertices are assigned colors (represented by positive integers) such that the distance between any two vertices with the same color  is greater than . The packing chromatic number (or broadcast chromatic number)  (or ) of a graph  is the minimum number of colors needed for a packing coloring.

Hexagonal lattice
The hexagonal lattice (sometimes called triangular lattice) is one of the five two-dimensional Bravais lattice types. The symmetry category of the lattice is wallpaper group p6m. The primitive translation vectors of the hexagonal lattice form an angle of 120° and are of equal lengths,

The reciprocal lattice of the hexagonal lattice is a hexagonal lattice in reciprocal space with orientation changed by 90° and primitive lattice vectors of length
Micropterix igaloensis
Micropterix igaloensis is a species of moth belonging to the family Micropterigidae. It was described by Hans Georg Amsel in 1951 and is only known from Montenegro.

The length of the forewings is about 4 mm.

Micropterigidae
Micropterigoidea is the superfamily of "mandibulate archaic moths", all placed in the single family Micropterigidae, containing currently about twenty living genera. They are considered the most primitive extant lineage of lepidoptera (Kristensen, 1999), and the sole superfamily in the suborder Zeugloptera. The name comes from the Greek for mikros, little and pterux, a wing. Unique among the Lepidoptera, these moths have chewing mouthparts rather than a proboscis, and are seen feeding, often in large aggregations, on the pollen of the flowers of many herbaceous plants, shrubs and trees. The fossil record of the group goes back to the middle-late Jurassic with the earliest known species being Auliepterix from the Karabastau Formation in Kazakhstan.

Micropterigid larvae possess a uniquely specialised trunk cuticle, in which the exo- and endocuticle are separated by fluid-filled chambers arranged in a honeycomb pattern, each chamber corresponding to an individual epidermal cell.
2023 Mexico City Grand Prix
The 2023 Mexico City Grand Prix (officially known as the Formula 1 Gran Premio de la Ciudad de México 2023) was a Formula One motor race held on 29 October 2023 at the Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City, Mexico. It was the nineteenth round of the 2023 Formula One World Championship. Charles Leclerc took pole position and finished third in the race. Lewis Hamilton finished in second behind Max Verstappen, who took his sixteenth victory of the season, a record in Formula One. Daniel Ricciardo, driving for AlphaTauri, qualified in fourth and finished in seventh, the team's best results of the season for both sessions.

Formula One race weekend
A Formula One race weekend is an auto racing event which takes place over three days (usually Friday to Sunday), with a series of practice and qualifying sessions prior to the race on Sunday. Current regulations provide for two free practice sessions on Friday, a morning practice session and an afternoon qualifying session held on Saturday, and the race held on Sunday afternoon or evening, although the structure of the weekend has changed numerous times over the history of the sport. Historically, the Monaco Grand Prix held practice on Thursday rather than Friday (up to and including 2021), and the whole schedule for the Las Vegas (starting from its inaugural event in 2023), Bahrain and Saudi Arabian Grands Prix (in 2024 only) is brought forward by one day. At most Formula One race weekends, other events such as races in other Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) series, such as Formula 2 or Formula 3, are held.
Hugo Rudolf von Stumm
Hugo Rudolf Christian, Freiherr von Stumm-Ramholz (né Stumm; 23 December 1845 – 31 July 1910) was a German industrialist, landowner, member of the state parliament and Prussian cavalry officer. He commissioned Ramholz Castle, built near Schlüchtern from 1893 to 1896.

Coswig, Saxony
Coswig (German pronunciation: [ˈkɔsvɪç] ⓘ; Upper Sorbian: Kosowiki) is a town in the district of Meißen, in Saxony, Germany. It is situated on the right bank of the Elbe, approximately 9 km southeast of Meißen, and 13 km northwest of Dresden. It is the home of Fachkrankenhaus Coswig, a hospital specializing in thoracic surgery.

The town can be reached from Dresden by Dresdner Verkehrsbetriebe's tram route 4, or from both Dresden and Meißen by Dresden S-Bahn line S1 and further regional railway lines at Coswig's railway station.
Sikhism in Northern Ireland
Sikhism is one of the smallest religions in Northern Ireland with over 389 Sikhs in the country, making up 0.22% of the population.

There have been Sikhs in Northern Ireland since the late 1920s – many of them former members of the British Army.

There are 2 gurdwaras: one in Derry and one in Belfast.

There are reports of Sikhs feeling culturally isolated in Northern Ireland. The exemptions for turban-wearing Sikhs to not wear a helmet in certain workplaces, which had applied to Great Britain for 20 years, when it would otherwise be required, were extended to Northern Ireland.

Religion in Northern Ireland
Christianity is the largest religion in Northern Ireland. In the 2021 census, 79.7% of the Northern Irish population identified as Christians: Catholic (42.3%); Presbyterian (16.6%); Church of Ireland (11.5%); Methodist (2.4%); Other Christian (6.9%). Meanwhile, 1.3% of the population belonged to other religions, 17.4% stated they were non-religious and 1.5% did not state a religious or non-religious identity. The Catholic Church has seen a small growth in adherents, while the other recorded Christian groups have seen a decrease.

There are also small Muslim, Sikh, Hindu, Buddhist and Jewish communities. Belfast has a synagogue, a gurdwara, a mosque and two Hindu temples. There is another gurdwara in Derry.
Boxley Abbey Barn
Boxley Abbey Barn is a large medieval barn in Sandling near Maidstone in Kent, England.

It is a remnant of the buildings of the mostly demolished Boxley Abbey.

The barn is 186 feet (57 m) long, aligned with its long axis roughly east–west, and was built in the late 13th or early 14th century. It is constructed of local ragstone with two storeys and a plan tiled gable roof. Irregularly sized and placed windows and doors punctuate each of its façades. The building was used by the Abbey as its Hospitium and later as a tithe barn.

Boxley Abbey Barn is a Grade I listed building and is on the Historic England Heritage at Risk Register. The barn is included as part of the Scheduled monument which covers the site of Boxley Abbey.

Maidstone
Maidstone is the largest town in the county of Kent in South East England, of which it is also the county town. Maidstone is historically important and lies 32 miles (51 km) east-south-east of London. The River Medway runs through the centre of the town, linking it with Rochester and the Thames Estuary. Historically, the river carried much of the town's trade as the centre of the agricultural county of Kent, which is known as the Garden of England. There is evidence of settlement in the area dating back before the Stone Age. The town, part of the borough of Maidstone, had an approximate population of 100,000 in 2019. Since World War II, the town's economy has shifted from heavy industry towards light industry and services.
Ultimate Epic Battle Simulator
Ultimate Epic Battle Simulator (UEBS) is a battle simulation video game developed and published by Canadian developer Brilliant Game Studios. The game was released in Steam early access on April 12, 2017 for Microsoft Windows, and was fully released on June 2, 2017 for Microsoft Windows. The sequel, Ultimate Epic Battle Simulator 2, was released into early access on May 12, 2022.

Simulation video game
Simulation video games are a diverse super-category of video games, generally designed to closely simulate real world activities. A simulation game attempts to copy various activities from real life in the form of a game for various purposes such as training, analysis, prediction, or entertainment. Usually there are no strictly defined goals in the game, and the player is allowed to control a character or environment freely. Well-known examples are war games, business games, and role play simulation. From three basic types of strategic, planning, and learning exercises: games, simulations, and case studies, a number of hybrids may be considered, including simulation games that are used as case studies. Comparisons of the merits of simulation games versus other teaching techniques have been carried out by many researchers and a number of comprehensive reviews have been published.
Vallenato Legend Festival 1969
The Vallenato Legend Festival 1969 (Spanish: Festival de la Leyenda Vallenata 1969) was the second edition of the Vallenato Legend Festival, and was held from 26 to 28 April 1969 at the Plaza Alfonso López in Valledupar, Colombia. The main event of the festival was the professional accordionist competition, which was won by Colacho Mendoza, whose win sparked a small riot. The festival also held an amateur accordionist competition, won by Emiliano Zuleta Díaz, and an unpublished song competition, won by Gustavo Gutiérrez Cabello with "Rumores de Viejas Voces".

Vallenato Legend Festival
The Vallenato Legend Festival (Spanish: Festival de la Leyenda Vallenata) is one of the most important musical festivals in Colombia. The festival features a vallenato music contests for best performer of accordion, caja vallenata and guacharaca, as well as piqueria (battle of lyrics) and best song. It's celebrated every year in April in the city of Valledupar, Department of Cesar.
Norman Murray (astronomer)
Norman William Murray FRSC is an American theoretical astrophysicist. He is a Professor of Astronomy and Astrophysics at the University of Toronto and former director of the Canadian Institute for Theoretical Astrophysics. Murray is a Fellow of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences, American Astronomical Society, National Academy of Sciences, Royal Society of Canada, and American Physical Society.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Duáñez
Duáñez is a locality and also a minor local entity in the province of Soria, in the judicial district of Soria, in the autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is a village in the Comarca of Campo de Gómara that belongs to the municipality of Candilichera.

Gómara, Soria
Gómara is a locality and municipality of the province of Soria, judicial district of Soria, autonomous community of Castile and León, Spain. It is the capital of the comarca of Campo de Gómara, and its population is of 397. The municipality includes the village Torralba de Arciel.
2014 English cricket season
The 2014 English cricket season was the 115th in which the County Championship had been an official competition. It began on 1 April with a round of university matches, continued until the conclusion of a round of County Championship matches on 23 September. Three major domestic competitions were contested: the 2014 County Championship, the 2014 Royal London One-Day Cup and the 2014 NatWest t20 Blast. The Royal London One-Day Cup and the NatWest t20 Blast were newly created competitions as from the 2014 season, replacing the Clydesdale Bank 40 and the Friends Life t20.

During this season, two Test teams toured England. Sri Lanka competed early in the summer, with India having also toured later in the year.

Indian cricket team in England in 2014
The India national cricket team toured England from 22 June to 7 September 2014 for five-match series each of Test and One Day International (ODI) and one Twenty20 International.

England won the Test series 3–1 and received the Pataudi Trophy. This was the first time since 1959 that India had played five Test matches on an England tour. The third Test, held at the Rose Bowl in Southampton, was the first Test match played in England to start on a Sunday.
Signature Theatre (Arlington, Virginia)
Signature Theatre is a Tony Award-winning regional theater company based in Arlington, Virginia.

Cameron Mackintosh, Terrence McNally, James Lapine, John Kander, and Fred Ebb are among those that have presented works here. Since 1991, Signature has had a long relationship with Stephen Sondheim, having staged more than 30 productions of his musicals, revues and concerts—more than any other professional theater in the country.

Regional theater in the United States
A regional theater or resident theater in the United States is a professional or semi-professional theater company that produces its own seasons. The term regional theater most often refers to a professional theater outside New York City. A regional theater may or may not be for profit or unionized.  The term "playhouse" is often used to specifically denote this type of theater.
T. Vincent Quinn
Thomas Vincent Quinn (March 16, 1903 – March 1, 1982) was an American jurist and politician from New York. He served as an assistant Attorney General and was elected to one term in the United States House of Representatives. He left Congress to become the Queens County District Attorney and was defeated for re-election after being indicted on Federal corruption charges. He was not convicted and was later appointed as a criminal court judge.

Queens County District Attorney
The District Attorney of Queens County is the elected district attorney for Queens County in New York State, coterminous with the New York City borough of Queens. The office is responsible for the prosecution of violations of New York state laws. (Federal law violations in Queens are prosecuted by the U.S. Attorney for the Eastern District of New York). The current Queens County District Attorney is Melinda Katz, who assumed the duties of the office on January 1, 2020. There was an inauguration on January 6, 2020 at her alma mater, St. Johns University.
Elliot Soto
Elliot Sebastian Soto (born August 21, 1989) is an American professional baseball infielder who is a free agent. After spending 10 seasons in the minors, Soto made his Major League Baseball (MLB) debut for the Los Angeles Angels on September 25, 2020.

Iowa Cubs
The Iowa Cubs are a Minor League Baseball team of the International League and the Triple-A affiliate of the Chicago Cubs. They are located in Des Moines, Iowa, and are named for their Major League Baseball (MLB) affiliate. The Cubs have played their home games at Principal Park since 1992, replacing Sec Taylor Stadium which the Cubs used from 1969 to 1991.

The club was established as the Iowa Oaks of the Triple-A American Association in 1969. Iowa took on the Cubs moniker in 1982. They joined the Triple-A Pacific Coast League in 1998 following the dissolution of the American Association after the 1997 season. In conjunction with MLB's reorganization of Minor League Baseball in 2021, the Cubs were shifted to the Triple-A East, which was renamed the International League in 2022.

The only league title in franchise history is the 1993 American Association championship.
Dacrymyces ovisporus
Dacrymyces ovisporus is a species of fungus in the family Dacrymycetaceae. It produces small, gelatinous, bright orange to amber fruit bodies on dead conifer wood. The fungus is characterised by its relatively large, nearly spherical spores that develop multiple internal partitions as they mature. First described in Germany in 1888, D. ovisporus has a widespread but uncommon distribution across North America and Europe, where it contributes to the decomposition of woody debris in boreal and temperate forests.

Clamp connection
A clamp connection is a hook-like structure formed by growing hyphal cells of certain fungi. It is a characteristic feature of basidiomycete fungi. It is created to ensure that each cell, or segment of hypha separated by septa (cross walls), receives a set of differing nuclei, which are obtained through mating of hyphae of differing sexual types. It is used to maintain genetic variation within the hypha much like the mechanisms found in croziers (hooks) during the sexual reproduction of ascomycetes.
Somebody Else's Guy
"Somebody Else's Guy" is a 1984 song written and popularized by Jocelyn Brown. On the US soul chart, the single peaked at number two and stalled at number 75 on the Hot 100, but in the UK it made the pop top 20. On the disco chart, "Somebody Else's Guy" peaked at number 13. It was the title track of Brown's debut solo album, released the same year.

Tuff Jam
Tuff Jam are a British DJ, music production and remixing duo consisting of Karl 'Tuff Enuff' Brown and Matt 'Jam' Lamont. They began working together in 1993, and were instrumental in developing the UK garage sound. They presented a radio show on London's Kiss 100 from 1997 until 2000.
Roche Jacques
Roche Jacques is a mountain in the Alberta's Rockies of Canada.

The mountain is located south of Highway 16 and Talbot Lake in Jasper National Park. It is part of the Jacques Range, and is situated immediately southeast of Cinquefoil Mountain, between the Jacques Creek and Cinquefoil Creek valleys.

The mountain was named after Jacques Cardinal, a North West Company employee.

Jacques Range
The Jacques Range is a mountain range in the Front Ranges of the Canadian Rockies, located south of Highway 16 and Jasper Lake in Jasper National Park, Alberta, Canada.

This range includes the following mountains and peaks: