hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Manivannan
Manivannan  (31 July 1953 – 15 June 2013) was an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter, voice artist, playback singer and social activist who worked in Tamil cinema. In a career spanning three decades, he went from being a story and dialogue writer for director Bharathiraja from 1980–82 to a successful director who thrived in experimenting with different genres, before becoming an actor. With over 400 films to his name, Manivannan was one of the most experienced actors in the field and directed exactly 50 films. Manivannan was mainly a supporting actor in films and often played the comedian, supporting character and villainous roles.

He supported various political parties, including the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam and the Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam, both active in the state of Tamil Nadu. He later became affiliated with the Naam Tamilar Katchi. He had also long been a supporter of Sri Lankan Tamil nationalism.

Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam
The Marumalarchi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam (transl. Renaissance Dravidian Progressive Federation; abbr. MDMK) is a political party active in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. It was established by Vaiko in 1994 after he left the Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam. The headquarters of the party is called Thayagam, which is located at Rukmini Lakshmipathi Salai, Egmore, Chennai.
Konstantin Dejanović
Konstantin (Kostadin) Dejanović (Serbian Cyrillic: Константин (Костадин) Дејановић;[a] fl. 1365–1395) or Konstantin Dragaš was a Serbian magnate that ruled a large province in eastern Macedonia under Ottoman suzerainty, during the fall of the Serbian Empire. He succeeded his older brother Jovan Dragaš, who had been an Ottoman vassal since the Battle of Maritsa (1371) which had devastated part of the Serbian nobility. The brothers had their own government and minted coins according to the Nemanjić style. His daughter Jelena married Byzantine Emperor Manuel II Palaiologos in 1392. He fell at the Battle of Rovine (17 May 1395), serving the Ottomans against Wallachia, fighting alongside Serbian magnates Stefan Lazarević and Marko Mrnjavčević.

Konstantin's grandson, last Roman Emperor Constantine XI, was named after him, and even used the name Dragaš.

Macedonia (region)
Macedonia (/ˌmæsɪˈdoʊniə/ ⓘ MASS-ih-DOH-nee-ə) is a geographical and historical region of the Balkan Peninsula in Southeast Europe. Its boundaries have changed considerably over time; however, it came to be defined as the modern geographical region by the mid-19th century. Today the region is considered to include parts of six Balkan countries: all of North Macedonia, large parts of Greece and Bulgaria, and smaller parts of Albania, Serbia, and Kosovo. Greek Macedonia comprises about half of Macedonia's area and population.

Its oldest known settlements date back approximately to 7,000 BC. From the middle of the 4th century BC, the Kingdom of Macedon became the dominant power on the Balkan Peninsula; since then Macedonia has had a diverse history.
Nafech
Nafech (Persian: نافچ) is a city in the Central District of Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as the administrative center for Howmeh Rural District. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Chaleshtar, now a neighborhood in the city of Shahrekord. The village of Nafech was converted to a city in 2000.

Shahr-e Kord
Shahr-e Kord (Persian: شهركرد) is a city in the Central District of Shahrekord County, Chaharmahal and Bakhtiari province, Iran, serving as capital of the province, the county, and the district. It is the largest city in the province, and is 90 km away from Iran's third largest city, Isfahan.
Horse artillery
Horse artillery was a type of light, fast-moving, and fast-firing field artillery that consisted of light cannons or howitzers attached to light but sturdy two-wheeled carriages called caissons or limbers, with the individual crewmen riding on horses. This was in contrast to other forms of field artillery which may also be horse-drawn but were heavier and whose gunners either marched on foot or were transported seated on the gun carriage, wagons or limbers. Horse artillery units provided highly mobile fire support especially to cavalry units, and existed in armies in Europe, the Americas, and Asia, from the early 17th to the mid-20th century.

Fire support
Fire support is a military tactics term used to describe the use of weapons and munitions aimed to support friendly forces by engaging, destroying or suppressing enemy forces, facilities, or materiel in combat. It is often provided through indirect fire (artillery) launched from the rear, though the term may also be used for some direct fire or aerial attacks performed by front line units to support other friendly units.

The United States Department of Defense defines fire support as "fires that directly support land, maritime, amphibious, and special operations forces to engage enemy forces, combat formations, and facilities in pursuit of tactical and operational objectives."
German submarine U-41 (1939)
The German submarine U-41 was a Type IXA U-boat of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine that operated during World War II. She conducted three war patrols during her short career, two as part of the 6th U-boat Flotilla and one as part of the 2nd flotilla. U-41 also sank five enemy vessels for a total of 22,815 gross register tons (GRT); captured two more for a total of 2,073 GRT and damaged one other of 8,096 GRT.

On 5 February 1940, U-41 was hit by depth charges from the British A class destroyer HMS Antelope after sinking two enemy merchant vessels and was sunk off the south coast of Ireland. All 49 of her crew members were lost with the boat.

A- and B-class destroyer
The A- and B-class destroyers were a group of 18 destroyers built for the Royal Navy during the late 1920s, with two additional ships built for the Royal Canadian Navy. The British ships were divided into two flotillas of eight destroyers, each with a flotilla leader.
Asahidake Tsurunosuke
Asahidake Tsurunosuke (朝日嶽 鶴之助; 1840 – April 4, 1882) was a Japanese professional sumo wrestler from Tsuruoka, Yamagata Prefecture. His highest rank was ōzeki. He is the fourth ōzeki from Yamagata Prefecture and the first promoted at this rank since Genjiyama in October 1825, 52 years earlier.

Tsuruoka
Tsuruoka (鶴岡市, Tsuruoka-shi) is a city in Yamagata Prefecture, Japan. As of 31 January 2020, the city had an estimated population of  125,389 in 49,024 households, and a population density of 95.74 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 1,311.53 square kilometres (506.38 square miles). Tsuruoka is the biggest city in Tōhoku region in terms of land area.

Today's Tsuruoka is the result of the fusion of several neighborhoods around the center of the city such as Atsumi, Asahi, Fujishima, Kushibiki, and Haguro in 1953.
Test Pack
Test Pack (Original title: Test Pack: You're My Baby), is an Indonesian drama and comedy film which directed by Monty Tiwa. The film released on 6 September 2012, and starred by Acha Septriasa, Reza Rahadian, Renata Kusmanto, Dwi Sasono, and Meriam Bellina.

The film was nominated for "Favorite Film", but loses to Habibie & Ainun at the 2013 Indonesian Movie Awards.

Reza Rahadian
Reza Rahadian Matulessy (born 5 March 1987) is an Indonesian actor, model, singer, director, and radio announcer of Persian and Ambonese descent. He was Chair of the Indonesian Film Festival for the period 2021 to 2023.
1847 Chicago mayoral election
In the Chicago mayoral election of 1847, Democratic nominee James Curtiss defeated Liberty nominee Philo Carpenter and Whig nominee John H. Kinzie.

Philo Carpenter had previously been an unsuccessful candidate in the prior election. John H. Kinzie had also previously been an unsuccessful candidate in the  1837 and 1845 mayoral elections.

1845 Chicago mayoral election
In the Chicago mayoral election of 1845, Democratic nominee Augustus Garrett defeated Whig nominee John H. Kinzie and Liberty nominee Henry Smith by a 7.5% margin.

Garrett had previously served a term as mayor.

All candidates had previously run in Chicago mayoral elections, Garrett in 1842, 1843, and both 1844 elections; Smith in 1842, 1843 and both 1844 elections; Kinzie in 1837.
The Mystery of Time
The Mystery of Time is the sixth full-length album by Tobias Sammet's German metal opera project Avantasia. The album was released on 26 April 2013. This is the first Avantasia release to feature the German Film Orchestra Babelsberg (the same orchestra that performed on Edguy's album Hellfire Club). The cover artwork was painted by Rodney Matthews.

The Mystery Of Time scored high positions in several international music charts and even enabled Avantasia to enter the US Billboard charts for the first time.

When asked to compare the album to Avantasia's previous efforts, guitarist and producer Sascha Paeth described it as follows:

It is a more 'fantastic' production, based a little bit more on orchestra work and keyboards. It's more like a film score, to underline the whole story, the rock opera aspect, which was a choice on this one and I think it works out fine. Also, this gives the album a face of its own.

Sascha Paeth
Sascha Paeth (born 9 September 1970) is a German guitarist, bassist, record producer and mixer known for working with heavy metal bands such as Avantasia, Edguy, Angra, Shaman, Rhapsody of Fire, Kamelot, After Forever and Epica. He owns the "Gate Studios", Wolfsburg previously used for recordings with his former band Heavens Gate.

Sascha Paeth has produced many albums along with Miro. In 2004, he produced Aina, a metal opera featuring a number of guests. In 2007, Paeth and Miro also helped to rebuild Tobias Sammet's metal opera Avantasia, producing the albums of The Wicked Trilogy (with Paeth being the main guitarist). He also assisted Sammet with putting together a band, enabling Avantasia to tour.
Texas Park Road 1836
Park Road 1836 (PR 1836), also known as San Jacinto Battleground State Park Road and Juan N. Seguin Boulevard, is a Park Road in southeast Texas. The route is 7.234 miles (11.642 km) long, and connects San Jacinto Battleground State Historic Site to Independence Parkway (former SH 134) in Houston in southeast Harris County. The designation is given to multiple roads on the park grounds. The road was designated as PR 9 in 1939 before receiving its current designation in 1960.

San Jacinto Battleground State Historic Site
The San Jacinto Battleground State Historic Site includes the location of the Battle of San Jacinto. It is located off the Houston Ship Channel in unincorporated Harris County, Texas, near the city of Houston. The site was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1960.

A prominent feature of the park is the San Jacinto Monument.  Visitors can take an elevator to the monument's observation deck for a view of Houston, the Houston Ship Channel, and the San Jacinto battlefield.
Taar (film)
Taar (transl. Telegram) is a 2020 Indian Marathi-language drama short film written and directed by Pankaj Sonawane featuring Nagraj Manjule, Pooja Dolas, Bhushan Manjule. It is produced by Illusion Ethereal Studios. The film was released on 7 November 2020 on YouTube.

Nagraj Manjule
Nagraj Popatrao Manjule (born 24 August 1978) is an Indian film director, actor, producer, scriptwriter, poet, screenwriter, and filmmaker. He works in Marathi cinema, and is best known for Sairat and Pistulya—the latter for which he received National Film Award in the National Film Award for Best First Non-Feature Film of a Director. He made his Hindi Cinema debut in 2022, with a film called Jhund, starring Amitabh Bachchan.

At the 61st National Film Awards, Fandry won the Indira Gandhi Award for Best Debut Film of a Director. In 2018, Manjule published a book of poetry in Marathi titled Unhachya Katavirudhha which won the Bhairuratan Damani Sahitya Puraskar. He owns a wrestling team called 'Veer Marathwada' in Zee Maharashtra Kusti Dangal.
The Cisco Kid and the Lady
The Cisco Kid and the Lady is a 1939 American Western film starring Cesar Romero as the Cisco Kid, replacing Warner Baxter, who had won the Academy Award for the role, and is the fifth film in The Cisco Kid series. For Cesar Romero, this was the first of six Cisco Kid roles.

The Cisco Kid
The Cisco Kid is a fictional character found in numerous film, radio, television and comic book series based on the fictional Western character created by O. Henry in his 1907 short story "The Caballero's Way", published in Everybody's Magazine, vol. 17 (July 1907), as well as in the collection Heart of the West (1907). Originally a murderous criminal in O. Henry's story, the Kid was depicted as a heroic Mexican caballero in later film, radio, and television adaptations.
North Carolina Highway 14
North Carolina Highway 14 (NC 14) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina entirely in Rockingham County. It links US 29/US 158 near Reidsville with the city of Eden. From Eden, it continues north concurrent with NC 87 to the Virginia state line where the road continues as Virginia State Route 87 (SR 87).

North Carolina Highway 87
North Carolina Highway 87 (NC 87) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina. NC 87 begins in the Atlantic coastal town of Southport and crosses into Virginia at the Virginia state line five miles (8 km) north of Eden in Rockingham County. At 240 miles (390 km) in length, NC 87 is the second-longest state highway in the U.S. state of North Carolina with only North Carolina Highway 24 (NC 24) being longer. The longest north–south state highway, NC 87 travels along a relatively straight southeast–northwest path, connecting Cape Fear region with the Piedmont. It is also the main north-south route connecting the cities of Fayetteville, Sanford,  Burlington and Reidsville.
Juglans hopeiensis
Juglans hopeiensis (Chinese: 麻核桃), also known as Ma walnut, is a species of walnut native to northern Hebei Province. Some scholars believe that the species is a hybrid of Juglans regia and Juglans mandshurica. Currently, it is a threatened tree species.

Historically, Ma walnut was originally distributed in the Northern Taihang Mountains of Hebei Province, so it was called Hebei walnut (河北核桃). This species is mainly distributed in some mountainous areas of Hebei Province, Shanxi Province, Beijing and Tianjin in China.

Juglans regia
Juglans regia, known by various common names including the common walnut, English walnut,  or Persian walnut amongst other names, is a species of walnut. It is native to Eurasia in at least southwest and central Asia and southeast Europe, but its exact natural area is obscure due to its long history of cultivation.

The species has numerous cultivars which produce the edible walnut consumed around the world and produced predominately in China. It is widely cultivated across temperate regions throughout the world including those of Eurasia, Australia, and the Americas.
ScGET-seq
Single-cell genome and epigenome by transposases sequencing (scGET-seq) is a DNA sequencing method for profiling open and closed chromatin. In contrast to single-cell assay for transposase-accessible chromatin with sequencing (scATAC-seq), which only targets active euchromatin, scGET-seq is also capable of probing inactive heterochromatin.

This is achieved through the use of TnH, which is created by linking the chromodomain (CD) of heterochromatin protein-1-alpha (HP-1) to the Tn5 transposase. TnH is then able to target histone 3 lysine 9 trimethylation (H3K9me3), a marker for heterochromatin.

Akin to RNA velocity, which uses the ratio of spliced to unspliced RNA to infer the kinetics of changes in gene expression over the course of cellular development, the ratio of TnH to Tn5 signals obtained from scGET-seq can be used to calculate chromatin velocity, which measures the dynamics of chromatin accessibility over the course of cellular developmental pathways.

Euchromatin
Euchromatin (also called "open chromatin") is a lightly packed form of chromatin (DNA, RNA, and protein) that is enriched in genes, and is often (but not always) under active transcription. Euchromatin stands in contrast to heterochromatin, which is tightly packed and less accessible for transcription. 92% of the human genome is euchromatic.

In eukaryotes, euchromatin comprises the most active portion of the genome within the cell nucleus. In prokaryotes, euchromatin is the only form of chromatin present; this indicates that the heterochromatin structure evolved later along with the nucleus, possibly as a mechanism to handle increasing genome size.
Brachybacterium tyrofermentans
Brachybacterium tyrofermentans is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, pale yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from the surfaces of Beaufort and Gruyère cheeses in 1978, along with Brachybacterium alimentarium. Further work led to the proposal of the new species in 1996, and the name is derived from the Latin tyros (cheese) and fermentans (leavening), referring to the fermented cheese from which it was first isolated.

The optimum growth temperature for B. tyrofermentans is 30 °C, but can grow in the 20-37 °C range. The optimum pH is 7.3.

Brachybacterium alimentarium
Brachybacterium alimentarium is a species of Gram positive, facultatively anaerobic, yellow-pigmented bacterium. The cells are coccoid during the stationary phase, and irregular rods during the exponential phase. It was first isolated from the surfaces of Beaufort and Gruyère cheeses in 1978. Further work led to the proposal of the new species in 1996, and the name is derived from the Latin alimentanium (pertaining to food).

The optimum growth temperature for B. alimentarium is 30 °C, but can grow in the 20-37 °C range. The optimum pH is 7.3.
Jackson L. Kiser
Jackson Lintecum Kiser (June 24, 1929 – October 21, 2020) was an American attorney and jurist who served as a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia.

United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia
The United States District Court for the Western District of Virginia (in case citations, W.D. Va.) is a United States district court.

Appeals from the Western District of Virginia are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The court is seated at multiple locations in Virginia: Abingdon, Charlottesville, Danville, Harrisonburg, Lynchburg and Roanoke.
Raylene Ramsay
Raylene Lammas Ramsay (born 1945) is a professor emerita of French culture, in New Zealand. She has published on avant-garde French novelists, French women politicians, and has translated Kanak poems and published a cultural history of New Caledonia. She is a Fellow of the New Zealand Academy of Humanities and was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society Te Apārangi in 2009.

Royal Society of New Zealand
The Royal Society of New Zealand, branded as the Royal Society Te Apārangi, is a not-for-profit body in New Zealand providing funding and policy advice in the fields of sciences and the humanities. These fundings (i.e., Marsden grants and research fellowships) are provided on behalf of the New Zealand Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment.
John Lehmann
Rudolf John Frederick Lehmann (2 June 1907 – 7 April 1987) was an English publisher, poet and man of letters. He founded the periodicals New Writing and The London Magazine, and the publishing house of John Lehmann Limited.

Thom Gunn
Thomson William "Thom" Gunn (29 August 1929 – 25 April 2004) was an English poet who was praised for his early verses in England, where he was associated with The Movement, and his later poetry in America, where he adopted a looser, free-verse style. He wrote about his experience moving to San Francisco from England. He received numerous literary honours. His poems are reputed to possess a restrained elegance of philosophy.
Tim Omotoso
Tim Omotoso Listenⓘ(born Timothy Oluseun Omotoso, 14 July 1958) is a Nigerian televangelist and the senior pastor of Jesus Dominion International (JDI), based in Durban, South Africa. He was arrested by the South African priority crimes unit, Hawks, on 20 April 2017 at the Port Elizabeth International Airport. On 2 April 2025, he was found not guilty and acquitted on all 32 charges. After spending about 8 years behind bars on trial, Omotoso was set free because the court found that the prosecuting team failed to present a solid case beyond reasonable doubt.

Chief Dawid Stuurman International Airport
Chief Dawid Stuurman International Airport (IATA: PLZ, ICAO: FAPE) is an airport serving Gqeberha (Port Elizabeth), a city in the Eastern Cape province in South Africa. It was formerly known as H. F. Verwoerd Airport and Port Elizabeth International Airport. The airport is owned and operated by the Airports Company South Africa which also operates nine other airports around South Africa. The airport is located approximately two miles south of the city's central business district. In 2017, the airport served 1,620,705 passengers.

The name of the airport was changed from Port Elizabeth International Airport to Chief Dawid Stuurman International Airport in February 2021.
2005 Advanta Championships
The 2005 Advanta Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts at The Pavilion in Villanova, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States that was part of Tier II of the 2005 WTA Tour. It was the 21st and last edition of the tournament and was held from October 31 through November 6, 2005. Third-seeded Amélie Mauresmo won her third consecutive singles title and earned $93,000 first-prize money.

Amélie Mauresmo
Amélie Simone Mauresmo (French pronunciation: [ameli simɔn moʁɛsmo]; born 5 July 1979) is a French former professional tennis player, tennis coach, and tournament director. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) for 39 weeks. Mauresmo won 25 WTA Tour-level singles titles, including two majors, at the 2006 Australian Open and the 2006 Wimbledon Championships, as well as the 2005 WTA Tour Championships. She also won an Olympic silver medal in singles at the 2004 Athens Olympics. Mauresmo was known for her powerful one-handed backhand and strong net play.

Mauresmo officially announced her retirement from professional tennis on 3 December 2009, ending a career of 15 years. The following year, she started her coaching career, covering both WTA and ATP players, including ATP world No. 1 Andy Murray. She was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2015. In 2021, Mauresmo was named the director of the French Open.
SS Matelots Pillien et Peyrat
Matelots Pillien et Peyrat was a 7,058 GRT cargo ship which was built in 1943 as Empire Friendship by Short Brothers Ltd, Sunderland, County Durham, United Kingdom for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). Ownership was transferred to the French Government in 1945, when she was renamed Matelots Pillien et Peyrat She was sold to Compagnie Havraise de Navigation à Vapeur, Paris in 1948. She was driven ashore at Port-de-Bouc, Bouches-du-Rhône in October 1962. Declared a constructive total loss, she was scrapped.

Ministry of War Transport
The Ministry of War Transport (MoWT) was a department of the British Government formed early in the Second World War to control transportation policy and resources. It was formed by merging the Ministry of Shipping and the Ministry of Transport, bringing responsibility for both shipping and land transport to a single department, and easing problems of co-ordination of transport in wartime.

The MoWT was founded on 1 May 1941, when Lord Leathers was appointed Minister of War Transport. Following the general election of July 1945, Alfred Barnes was appointed Minister of War Transport, remaining in the post after the department was renamed the Ministry of Transport in April 1946.