hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Robert Byrne (chess player)
Robert Eugene Byrne (April 20, 1928 – April 12, 2013) was an American chess player and chess author who held the FIDE title of Grandmaster (GM). He won the U.S. Championship in 1972, and was a World Chess Championship Candidate in 1974. Byrne represented the United States nine times in Chess Olympiads from 1952 to 1976 and won seven medals. He was the chess columnist from 1972 to 2006 for The New York Times, which ran his final column (a recounting of his 1952 victory over David Bronstein) on November 12, 2006. Byrne worked as a university professor for many years, before becoming a chess professional in the early 1970s.

United States Chess Federation
The United States Chess Federation (also known as US Chess or USCF) is the governing body for chess competition in the United States and represents the U.S. in The World Chess Federation (FIDE). USCF administers the official national rating system, awards national titles, sanctions over twenty national championships annually, and publishes two magazines: Chess Life and Chess Life Kids. The USCF was founded and incorporated in Illinois in 1939, from the merger of two older chess organizations.  It is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization headquartered in St. Louis, Missouri. Its membership as of 2024 was 112,000.
Jia Yueting
Jia Yueting (Chinese: 贾跃亭; born 15 December 1973, YT Jia) is a Chinese businessman who is the founder of Leshi Holding Group and the former CEO of Faraday Future. He previously founded LeEco and the Le.com subsidiary LeSports, and is the former chairman and CEO of Le.com as well as the former chairman of both Coolpad Group and Sinotel Technologies.

Jia has been involved in several financial controversies related to his companies. In 14 October 2019, he filed for bankruptcy with a personal debt of over US$3.6 billion.

In April 2025, Jia was appointed co-CEO of Faraday Future.

Lucid Motors
Lucid Group, Inc. is an American automotive and technology company that manufactures electric vehicles and supplies advanced electric vehicle powertrain systems. The company is headquartered in Newark, California. In September 2021, the company began producing the Lucid Air sedan at its factory in Casa Grande, Arizona. Production of its second model, the Lucid Gravity SUV, started in December 2024. Lucid also supplies and develops powertrain technology to other automakers, including Aston Martin.

Since April 2019, the majority shareholder of Lucid has been the Public Investment Fund, which is the sovereign wealth fund of Saudi Arabia. Other investors include large index fund managers like Vanguard Group, BlackRock, and State Street Corporation.
Rock in Opposition
Rock in Opposition or RIO was a movement representing a collective of progressive rock bands in the late 1970s united in their opposition to the music industry that refused to recognise their music. It was initiated by English avant-prog group Henry Cow in March 1978 when they invited four mainland European groups to come to London and perform in a festival called "Rock in Opposition".

Kōenji Hyakkei
Kōenji Hyakkei (高円寺百景; Japanese pronunciation: [koːeɲd͡ʑi çakkeː], "Hundred Sights of Kōenji"), also known as Kōenjihyakkei, is a Japanese Zeuhl band led by Tatsuya Yoshida (from the Japanese band Ruins), and is "his tribute to the 'Zeuhl' music" of French prog-rock band Magma.

The band released their first (self-titled) album in 1994 with Aki Kubota from Bondage Fruit on vocals and keyboard. Though rhythmically not as complex as Ruins, Kōenji Hyakkei still evokes a feeling of unfamiliarity due to non-standard modes and chanting in a nonsensical language.
Vrh pri Trebelnem
Vrh pri Trebelnem (pronounced [ˈʋəɾx pɾi tɾɛˈbéːu̯nɛm]) is a small dispersed settlement in the hills west of Trebelno in the Municipality of Mokronog-Trebelno in southeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the historical region of Lower Carniola. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

Trebelno
Trebelno (pronounced [tɾɛˈbéːu̯nɔ]) is a village in the Municipality of Mokronog-Trebelno in the traditional region of Lower Carniola of southeastern Slovenia. The municipality is now included in the Southeast Slovenia Statistical Region.

The parish church, built on a slight elevation in the centre of the settlement, is dedicated to the Holy Cross and belongs to the Roman Catholic Diocese of Novo Mesto. It dates to the 16th century and was largely rebuilt in the late 18th century.
Government Springs Park
Government Springs Park is a park located in Enid, Oklahoma. Prior to Oklahoma statehood, the park was a natural spring used by Native Americans, and later soldiers and cattle drivers along the Chisholm Trail. Skeleton Ranch, (North Enid, Oklahoma) was another stop on the trail, served by stage coach lines after 1874.

A Garfield County war dead memorial is located at the northeast end of the park.
Sculptures by Harold T. Holden within the park include: Holding the Claim, Plainsman, Chisholm, Wrangler, Boomer, Pioneer, and Dressing the Bit. Time capsules honor the Enid Springs Sanitarium, and the Oklahoma Centennial.

North Enid, Oklahoma
North Enid is a town in Garfield County, Oklahoma, United States. The population was 1,003 at the 2020 census. The town is served by the Chisholm school district. North Enid was the original railroad town site in the Enid–Pond Creek Railroad War.
PC Building Simulator
PC Building Simulator is a simulation-strategy video game produced by The Irregular Corporation and Romanian independent developer, Claudiu Kiss. The game is centered around owning and running a workshop which builds and maintains PCs, mainly gaming-oriented ones.

The game was independently developed by Kiss before it was picked up by indie publisher The Irregular Corporation in 2017. It was initially released for early access on 27 March 2018 on Steam. The game is compatible with the Windows operating system, and utilizes the OpenGL programming interface.

PC Building Simulator features real life parts from a vast array of specialized brands.

A sequel, PC Building Simulator 2, was released on the Epic Games Store on October 12, 2022.

Early access
Early access, also known as alpha access, alpha founding, paid alpha, or game preview, is a funding model in the video game industry by which consumers can play a game in the various pre-release development cycles, such as pre-alpha, alpha, and/or beta, while the developer is able to use those funds to continue further development on the game. Those that pay to participate typically help to debug the game, provide feedback and suggestions, and may have access to special materials in the game. The early-access approach is a common way to obtain funding for indie games, and may also be used along with other funding mechanisms, including crowdfunding. Many crowdfunding projects promise to offer access to alpha and/or beta versions of the game as development progresses; however, unlike some of these projects which solicit funds but do not yet have a playable game, all early access games offer an immediately playable version of the unfinished game to players.
The Sisters of Mary School
The Sisters of Mary School (SMS) sometimes abbreviated as (SOM) is a Private Catholic school in the Philippines, located in Silang, Cavite and Metro Cebu. It consists of four campuses called Boystown and Girlstown located in different areas of Silang, Cavite and  Metro Cebu The founder of SMS was the American diocesan priest Aloysius Schwartz.

Silang, Cavite
Silang (Tagalog: [ˈsi.lɐŋ]), officially the Municipality of Silang (Filipino: Bayan ng Silang), is a municipality in the province of Cavite, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 313,145 people. Its land area is 209.43 km2 (80.86 sq mi), making it the largest municipality in Cavite.

It is known for its scenic landscapes and rich cultural heritage. Also renowned for its agricultural produce particularly sweet mangoes, which are regarded as some of the best in the country.
Cellach húa Rúanada
Cellach húa Rúanada, Irish poet, died 1079.

Cellachy held the post of Chief Ollam of Ireland and died in 1079. His obit is given in the Annals of the Four Masters as follows- "M1079.4 Ceallach Ua Ruanadha, chief poet of Ireland in his time, died."

His obituary is given in the Annals of Ulster as follows- "U1079.1 Cellach ua Ruanada, chief ollav of Ireland, rested in peace."

His obituary is given in the Chronicon Scotorum as follows- "Annal CS1079 Kalends. Cellach ua Ruanadha, ollamh of Ireland, dies."

An Irish clavis or metrical tract has been preserved in the Book of Leinster as well as in the eighteenth-century manuscript Trinity College H 1 15, where it was copied from a fourteenth-century exemplar that seems now to be lost. Rudolf Thurneysen incorporated this poem in his Mittelirische Verslehren as Verslehre IV. In the Book of Leinster it was ascribed to a certain Cellach .h. Ruan, who may be identical with Cellach hua Ruanada.

Book of Leinster
The Book of Leinster (Middle Irish: Lebor Laignech pronounced [ˈl̠ʲeβəɾ ˈl̪aɣʲnʲəx], LL) is a medieval Irish manuscript compiled c. 1160 and now kept in Trinity College Dublin. It was formerly known as the Lebor na Nuachongbála ("Book of Nuachongbáil"), a monastic site known today as Oughaval.

In 2023, Trinity College started an extensive restoration project to make the manuscript available for public viewing.

Fragments of the book, such as the Martyrology of Tallaght, are in the collection of University College Dublin.
Kisselbach
Kisselbach (German pronunciation: [ˈkɪsl̩bax]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen, whose seat is in Simmern.

Simmern im Hunsrück
Simmern (German pronunciation: [ˈzɪmɐn] ⓘ; officially Simmern/Hunsrück) is a town of roughly 8,155 inhabitants (Dec. 2023) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany, the district seat of the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis, and the seat of the Verbandsgemeinde Simmern-Rheinböllen. In the Rhineland-Palatinate state development plan, it is set out as a middle centre.
Magma (algebra)
In abstract algebra, a magma, binar, or, rarely, groupoid is a basic kind of algebraic structure. Specifically, a magma consists of a set equipped with a single binary operation that must be closed by definition. No other properties are imposed.

Identity element
In mathematics, an identity element or neutral element of a binary operation is an element that leaves unchanged every element when the operation is applied. For example, 0 is an identity element of the addition of real numbers. This concept is used in algebraic structures such as groups and rings. The term identity element is often shortened to identity (as in the case of additive identity and multiplicative identity) when there is no possibility of confusion, but the identity implicitly depends on the binary operation it is associated with.
Oo-za-we-kwun Centre
The Oo-za-we-kwun Centre at Rivers, Manitoba, Canada, was a vocational training center for Canadian First Nations people located on the abandoned Canadian Forces Base Rivers. The Centre was designed to be a unique and innovative experiment to improve the well-being of Canada's poorest demographic group.

The Air Force base provided a 2,500-acre site and the Centre had a maximum population of 3,000 people. It included an industrial park with four industries, a day care centre, a school, a recreation program and counseling services. 
The Centre opened in 1971 and was closed in 1980 when the then Department of Indian Affairs removed its funding. The land had some continued military use until 1982 when Federal Government then offered the base for sale to the public.

First Nations in Manitoba
First Nations in Manitoba constitute of over 160,000 registered persons as of 2021, about 57% of whom live on reserve. Manitoba is second to Ontario in total on-reserve population and in total First Nation population.

There are 63 First Nations in the province and five indigenous linguistic groups. The languages are Nēhiyawēwin, Ojibwe, Dakota, Oji-Cree, and Dene.

First Nations are listed by common usage names but other names may be applied in certain areas; for example, "Cree Nation" and "First Nation" is applied to certain bands on the same reserve.
Young Igi
Igor Ośmiałowski (born 17 November 1999), known professionally as Young Igi, is a Polish rapper and songwriter. He has collaborated with such artists as Quebonafide, Margaret, and Malik Montana. Together with Otsochodzi and Oki, he is a member of the trio OIO.

On October 19, 2018, he released his first official album Konfetti. The album reached the 6th place on the Polish sales list - OLiS.

One of his albums is certified double platinum, 3 albums gold, 1 single diamond, 2 singles double platinum, 6 singles platinum, and 15 singles gold.

Malik Montana
Mosa Ghawsi (born 11 March 1989), known professionally as Malik Montana, is a German-Polish rapper of mixed Polish, Greek and Afghan origin. He began making music in 2008, releasing his debut album, Naajak, in 2016. It would be followed by the release of Haram Masari in 2017, Tijara and 022 in 2018, Import/Export in 2019, and Adwokat Diabła in 2023.

Born in Hamburg, Mosa moved to Warsaw at the age of 15. He began making English-language music in 2008, making his debut in Polish rap in 2015.
The Makarrata Project
The Makarrata Project is the twelfth studio album by Australian band Midnight Oil, released on 30 October 2020 by Sony Music Australia. The album is the first new material from the band since 2001's Capricornia, their first studio album to reach number one on the ARIA Charts since 1990's Blue Sky Mining, and one of the final releases to feature bassist and backing vocalist Bones Hillman before his death in November 2020.

At the 2021 ARIA Music Awards, the album was nominated for Album of the Year, Best Group and Best Rock Album.

Capricornia (album)
Capricornia is the eleventh studio album by Australian band Midnight Oil, first released in 2001 by Columbia Records in both Australia/Europe, and Liquid 8 Records in the United States. It was their last studio album until 2020.
Soda blasting
Soda blasting is a mild form of abrasive blasting in which sodium bicarbonate particles are blasted against a surface using compressed air. It has a much milder abrasive effect than sandblasting. An early use was in the conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty in the 1980s.

Soda blasting is a non-destructive method for many applications in cleaning, paint and varnish stripping, automotive restoration, industrial equipment maintenance, rust removal, graffiti removal, molecular steel passivation against rust, oil removal by saponification and translocation, masonry cleaning and restoration, soot remediation, boat hull cleaning and for food processing facilities and equipment and tooth cleaning at the dental laboratory.

Paint stripper
Paint stripper or paint remover is a chemical product designed to remove paint, finishes, and coatings, while also cleaning the underlying surface. Chemical paint removers are advantageous because they act on any kind of geometry and they are cheap.  They can however be slow acting.

Paint can also be removed using mechanical methods (scraping or sanding) or heat (hot air, radiant heat, or steam).
Nivalenol
Nivalenol (NIV) is a mycotoxin of the trichothecene group. In nature it is mainly found in fungi of the Fusarium species. The Fusarium species belongs to the most prevalent mycotoxin producing fungi in the temperate regions of the northern hemisphere, therefore making them a considerable risk for the food crop production industry.

The fungi are abundant in various agricultural products (cereal crops) and their further processed products (malt, beer and bread). "The Fusarium species invade and grow on crops, and may produce nivalenol under moist and cool conditions".

In pigs, the symptoms observed after nivalenol exposure are "feed refusal, vomiting, gastroenteric and dermal irritation or necrosis and immunological dysfunction", as well as haematotoxicity, resulting in a low leukocyte count.

Tetrahydropyran
Tetrahydropyran (THP) is the organic compound consisting of a saturated six-membered ring containing five carbon atoms and one oxygen atom.  It is named by reference to pyran, which contains two double bonds, and may be produced from it by adding four hydrogens.  In 2013, its preferred IUPAC name was established as oxane.  The compound is a colourless volatile liquid. Derivatives of tetrahydropyran are, however, more common. 2-Tetrahydropyranyl (THP-) ethers derived from the reaction of alcohols and 3,4-dihydropyran are commonly used as protecting groups in organic synthesis.  Furthermore, a tetrahydropyran ring system, i.e., five carbon atoms and an oxygen, is the core of pyranose sugars, such as glucose.
Rhodium hexafluoride
Rhodium hexafluoride, also rhodium(VI) fluoride, (RhF6) is the inorganic compound of rhodium and fluorine.  A black volatile solid, it is a highly reactive material which starts to slowly thermally decompose already at room temperature and a rare example of a rhodium(VI) compound. It is one of seventeen known binary hexafluorides.

Rhodium hexafluoride was discovered by American radiochemists in 1961, soon after the discovery of ruthenium hexafluoride. It is prepared by reaction of rhodium metal with an excess of elemental fluorine:

Rh + 3 F2   →   RhF6

The RhF6 molecule has octahedral molecular geometry. Consistent with its d3 configuration, the six Rh–F bond lengths are equivalent, being 1.824 Å. It crystallises in an orthorhombic space group Pnma with lattice parameters of a = 9.323 Å, b = 8.474 Å, and c = 4.910 Å.

Like some other metal fluorides, RhF6 is highly oxidizing. It attacks glass, and can even react with elemental oxygen.

Hexafluoride
A hexafluoride is a chemical compound with the general formula QXnF6, QXnF6m−, or QXnF6m+.  Many molecules fit this formula.  An important hexafluoride is hexafluorosilicic acid (H2SiF6), which is a byproduct of the mining of phosphate rock.  In the nuclear industry, uranium hexafluoride (UF6) is an important intermediate in the purification of this element.
Waischenfeld
Waischenfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈvaɪʃn̩ˌfɛlt] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Bayreuth, in Bavaria, Germany. It is situated in Franconian Switzerland, 20 km southwest of Bayreuth.

It consists of the following districts: Aalkorb, Breitenlesau, Doos, Eichenbirkig, Gösseldorf, Gutenbiegen, Hammermühle, Hannberg, Heroldsberg, Heroldsberg-Tal, Hubenberg, Köttweinsdorf, Kugelau, Langenloh, Löhlitz, Nankendorf, Neusig, Pulvermühle, Rabeneck, Sauerhof, Saugendorf, Schafhof, Schlößlein, Schönhaid, Schönhof, Seelig, Siegritzberg, Waischenfeld, Zeubach.

The town is the location of Waischenfeld Castle.

Bayreuth (district)
Bayreuth (German pronunciation: [baɪˈʁɔʏt] ⓘ) is a Landkreis (district) in Bavaria, Germany. It surrounds, but does not include the city of Bayreuth. The district is bounded by (from the north and clockwise) the districts of Kulmbach, Hof, Wunsiedel, Tirschenreuth, Neustadt an der Waldnaab, Amberg-Sulzbach, Nürnberger Land, Forchheim and Bamberg.
2011 Israeli Basketball League Cup
The 2011 Israeli Basketball League Cup was the 6th edition of the Israeli Basketball League Cup pre-season tournament. It was played between October 9 and October 13 at Malha Arena in Jerusalem. Maccabi Tel Aviv has won the cup after beating Hapoel Holon 78-74 in the final.
MVP was Lior Eliyahu (Maccabi Tel Aviv).

Israeli Basketball League Cup
The Israeli Basketball League Cup is a pre-season professional basketball tournament that is contested between clubs. It has been held in Israel since 2006. It is held during the week before the start of the Israeli Premier League season.  The Israeli League Cup tournament is currently sponsored by Pais Lotto, and therefore it is officially known as the Chance Cup. Previously, the tournament was sponsored by the Toto Winner Organization, and it was known as the Winner Cup, from 2006 to 2009. In 2010, it had no sponsor, and therefore the tournament was named Basketball League Cup.
Catherine Elgin
Catherine Z. Elgin (born 1948) is a philosopher working in epistemology and the philosophies of art and science.  She is currently a professor of philosophy of education at the Graduate School of Education at Harvard University.

American philosophy
American philosophy is the activity, corpus, and tradition of philosophers affiliated with the United States. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy notes that while it lacks a "core of defining features, American Philosophy can nevertheless be seen as both reflecting and shaping collective American identity over the history of the nation". The philosophy of the Founding Fathers of the United States is largely seen as an extension of the European Enlightenment. A small number of philosophies are known as American in origin, namely pragmatism and transcendentalism, with their most prominent proponents being the philosophers William James and Ralph Waldo Emerson respectively.
Vilar Dam
Vilar Dam (Portuguese: Barragem de Vilar, also known as Barragem de Vilar-Tabuaço) is an embankment dam on the Távora, a left (southern) tributary of the Douro. It is located in the municipality Tabuaço, in Viseu District, Portugal.

Construction of the dam began in 1958 and was completed in 1965. It is owned by Companhia Portuguesa de Produção de Electricidade (CPPE) and is used for power generation.

Embankment dam
An embankment dam is a large artificial dam. It is typically created by the placement and compaction of a complex semi-plastic mound of various compositions of soil or rock. It has a water-resistant natural covering for its surface, and may feature a dense, watertight core to resist surface or seepage erosion. Such a dam is composed of fragmented independent material particles. The friction and interaction of particles binds the particles together into a stable mass rather than by the use of a cementing substance.
Amirsoleimani family
The House of Amirsoleimani (Persian: امیرسلیمانی), also known as the Amirsoleimani-Qajar (Persian: امیرسلیمانی قاجار), is a distinguished Iranian princely family with roots in the Qajar dynasty that ruled Iran from 1789 to 1925. The family descends from Mussa Khan Qajar Qovanlou, and the family name stems from Amir Soleiman Khan Qajar Qovanlou, a prominent Qajar noble, whose descendants played significant roles within the royal court and administration during the Qajar period. Members of the Amirsoleimani family held various high-ranking positions, including key roles in the administration and court of Naser al-Din Shah, Mozaffar ad-Din Shah, Mohammad Ali Shah, and Ahmad Shah.

Gholam Reza Pahlavi
Gholam Reza Pahlavi (Persian: غلامرضا پهلوی‎; 15 May 1923 – 7 May 2017) was an Iranian prince and a member of the Pahlavi dynasty, as the son of Reza Shah and half-brother of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran.

Following the death of his half-sister Ashraf Pahlavi on 7 January 2016, Gholam Reza became the only living child of Reza Shah. He resided in Paris with his family. He died on 7 May 2017 at the age of 93.