hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Boundary vector field
The boundary vector field (BVF) is an external force for parametric active contours (i.e. Snakes). In the fields of computer vision and image processing, parametric active contours are widely used for segmentation and object extraction. The active contours move progressively towards its target based on the external forces. There are a number of shortcomings in using the traditional external forces, including the capture range problem, the concave object extraction problem, and high computational requirements.

The BVF is generated by an interpolation scheme which reduces the computational requirement significantly, and at the same time, improves the capture range and concave object extraction capability.

The BVF is also tested in moving object tracking and is proven to provide fast detection method for real time video applications.

Digital image processing
Digital image processing is the use of a digital computer to process digital images through an algorithm. As a subcategory or field of digital signal processing, digital image processing has many advantages over analog image processing. It allows a much wider range of algorithms to be applied to the input data and can avoid problems such as the build-up of noise and distortion during processing. Since images are defined over two dimensions (perhaps more), digital image processing may be modeled in the form of multidimensional systems. The generation and development of digital image processing are mainly affected by three factors: first, the development of computers; second, the development of mathematics (especially the creation and improvement of discrete mathematics theory); and third, the demand for a wide range of applications in environment, agriculture, military, industry and medical science has increased.
Winterborne Houghton
Winterborne Houghton is a village and civil parish in north Dorset, England. It is situated in a winterbourne valley on the Dorset Downs, 5 miles (8 km) southwest of Blandford Forum. In the 2011 census the parish had 82 households and a population of 183. In 2001 the population was 195.

The name derives from the River Winterborne, which has its source here.
The river only flows overground during the winter, hence the name. To the east is Winterborne Stickland and the river flows on to this village, eventually joining the River Stour. To the southwest is Milton Abbas.

Residents of Winterborne Houghton used to be known as "Houghton Owls", in reference to the story of a villager who, when calling for help having got lost in the woods, mistook the calls of owls for answering human voices. In his book Dorset Villages Roland Gant posits the theory that Thomas Hardy used this tale as inspiration for the scene where Joseph Poorgrass gets lost in Yalbury Wood in Far from the Madding Crowd.

Winterborne Stickland
Winterborne Stickland is a village and civil parish in Dorset in southern England. It is about 4 miles (6 km) west of Blandford Forum. In 2013 the parish had an estimated population of 520. In the 2011 census the parish, combined with the smaller neighbouring parishes of Winterborne Clenston to the south and Turnworth to the north, recorded a population of 653. For unknown reasons, the 1881 census listed 10 residents of Chorley, Lancashire as having been born in the village.

Winterborne Stickland is sited in a winterbourne valley in the Dorset Downs, which gives rise to the first part of its name. The second part "Stickland" is derived from sticol, Old English for "steep".
Huangshan District
Huangshan District (simplified Chinese: 黄山区; traditional Chinese: 黃山區; pinyin: Huángshān Qū) is a district of Huangshan City, Anhui province, China. It has a population of 163,000 and an area of 1,669 square kilometres (644 mi2). The government of Huangshan District is located in Jintai Town. The renowned Huangshan Mountain is located within the district.

Huangshan
Huangshan (simplified Chinese: 黄山 zh; traditional Chinese: 黃山), literally meaning the Yellow Mountain(s), is a mountain range in southern Anhui province in eastern China. It was originally called "Yishan", and it was renamed because of a legend that the Yellow Emperor once made alchemy here. Vegetation on the range is thickest below 1,100 meters (3,600 ft), with trees growing up to the treeline at 1,800 meters (5,900 ft).

The area is well known for its scenery, sunsets, peculiarly-shaped granite peaks, Huangshan pine trees, hot springs, winter snow, and views of the clouds from above. Huangshan is a frequent subject of traditional Chinese paintings and literature, as well as modern photography. It is a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of China's major tourist destinations.
Ricardo Gardner
Ricardo Wayne Gardner (born 25 September 1978), commonly known as Bibi, is a Jamaican former professional footballer. He works as assistant coach at Portmore United. A left winger, he could also play in the centre of midfield or at left wing-back. He last played for Bolton Wanderers in May 2012, completing a 14-year spell at the club, of which 11 were spent in the Premier League. Gardner earned 111 caps for the Jamaica national football team, scoring 9 goals and playing at four CONCACAF Gold Cups and the 1998 FIFA World Cup.

Bolton Wanderers F.C. Player of the Year
The Bolton Wanderers F.C. Player of the Year is an award presented to the Bolton Wanderers fans' player of the season.

The first winner of the award was Simon Charlton in 2002. Since then, fourteen more players have won the award with one player, Kevin Davies, winning the award three times and another, Tim Ream, winning it twice. Davies was the only player to retain the trophy, winning it in 2008 and 2009 until Ream retained it himself in 2014 and 2015.

Voting takes place towards the end of each season, usually in April, and is open to anyone. Fans can click on a link on the Bolton Wanderers website.
Periodontology
Periodontology or periodontics (from Ancient Greek περί, perí – 'around'; and ὀδούς, odoús – 'tooth', genitive ὀδόντος, odóntos) is the specialty of dentistry that studies supporting structures of teeth, as well as diseases and conditions that affect them. The supporting tissues are known as the periodontium, which includes the gingiva (gums), alveolar bone, cementum, and the periodontal ligament. A periodontist is a dentist who specializes in the prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of periodontal disease, and in the placement of dental implants.

Cementum
Cementum is a specialized calcified substance covering the root of a tooth. The cementum is the part of the periodontium that attaches the teeth to the alveolar bone by anchoring the periodontal ligament.
Kosovo and the euro
European Union member states

21 in the eurozone
  1 in ERM II, with an opt-out (Denmark)
  5 not in ERM II, but committed to join the eurozone after meeting the convergence criteria (Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Sweden)

Non–EU member states

4 using the euro with a monetary agreement (Andorra, Monaco, San Marino, and Vatican City)
  2 using the euro unilaterally (Kosovo and Montenegro)

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Kosovo adopted the euro as its legal tender in 2002 despite the territory not being a member of the Eurozone or the European Union. This succeeded its use of German marks from 1999.

European Exchange Rate Mechanism
The European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II) is a system introduced by the European Economic Community on 1 January 1999 alongside the introduction of a single currency, the euro (replacing ERM 1 and the euro's predecessor, the ECU) as part of the European Monetary System (EMS), to reduce exchange rate variability and achieve monetary stability in Europe.

Following the adoption of the euro, policy changed to linking currencies of EU countries outside the eurozone to the euro (having the common currency as a central point). The goal was to improve the stability of those currencies, as well as to gain an evaluation mechanism for potential eurozone members. As of January 2026, the Danish krone is the only currency participating in the ERM II.
Ribnica Lodge
The Ribnica Lodge (Slovene: Ribniška koča; 1,505 m (4,938 ft)) is the highest mountain lodge in the Pohorje Mountains (northeastern Slovenia). It lies on a small plateau below Little Black Peak (Mali črni vrh) in the central area of the Pohorje Hills. The lodge is open all year round. It is accessible by car from Ribnica na Pohorju. There is also a small ski resort with three surface lifts.

Pohorje
Pohorje (pronounced [ˈpóːxɔɾjɛ]), also known as the Pohorje Massif or the Pohorje Mountains (German: Bachergebirge, Bacherngebirge or often simply Bachern), is a mostly wooded, medium-high mountain range south of the Drava River in northeastern Slovenia. According to the traditional AVE classification it belongs to the Southern Limestone Alps. Geologically, it forms part of the Central Alps and features silicate metamorphic and igneous rock. Pohorje is sparsely populated with dispersed villages. There are also some ski resorts.
Ali Al-Busaidi
Ali Sulaiman Rashid Al-Busaidi (Arabic: عَلِيّ سُلَيْمَان رَاشِد الْبُوسَعِيدِيّ; born 21 January 1991), commonly known as Ali Al-Busaidi, is an Omani footballer who plays for Al-Seeb Club in the Oman Professional League.

2016–17 Sultan Qaboos Cup
The 2016–17 Sultan Qaboos Cup was the 44th edition of the Sultan Qaboos Cup (Arabic: كأس السلطان قابوس), the premier knockout tournament for football teams in Oman.

The competition began on 14 October 2016 with the Qualification round. Saham Club were the defending champions, having won their second title in 2016.
Andrew T. F. Ing
Andrew Tut Fo Ing (February 15, 1920 – March 6, 1999) was an American politician and the third lieutenant governor of Hawaii in the administration of Governor John A. Burns. Ing was a member of the Hawaii Democratic Party.

Lieutenant Governor of Hawaii
The lieutenant governor of Hawaii (Hawaiian: Hope kiaʻāina o Hawaiʻi) is the assistant chief executive of the U.S. state of Hawaii and its various agencies and departments, as provided in the Article V, Sections 2 though 6 of the Constitution of Hawaii. Elected by popular suffrage of residents of the state on the same ticket as the governor of Hawaii, the officeholder is concurrently the secretary of State of Hawaii.

The officeholder becomes acting governor of Hawaii if the governor becomes disabled from duty. Historically, Hawaii lieutenant governors were members of either the Hawaii Democratic Party or Hawaii Republican Party. Four have gone on to become governor of Hawaii: George Ariyoshi, Ben Cayetano, John D. Waiheʻe III, and Josh Green.
Who Dares Wins (album)
Who Dares Wins is a compilation of various rare Bolt Thrower tracks from EPs and other sources: Tracks 1–4 are from the Cenotaph EP, tracks 5–8 are from the Spearhead EP and the tracks 9 and 10 are from the same session as "...For Victory", previously released on "Rareache" (the anniversary compilation boxset of Earache Records) and the Japanese version of ...For Victory. It is released on Earache Records, Mosh 208 on 14 September 1998. The cover art is also taken from the Spearhead EP.

The release coincided with the release of the album Mercenary, which was Bolt Thrower's first album for Metal Blade Records. The band have hence accused Earache of trying to cash in on the band. Also, the album was originally intended to be titled No Guts, No Glory; however because that is the title of a song on Mercenary Earache had to scrap that title. The band recommends not to buy this as they would never agree on releasing a compilation album.

...For Victory
...For Victory is the fifth album by British death metal band Bolt Thrower. It was recorded at Sawmill studios in 1994, produced by Colin Richardson and Bolt Thrower. A limited edition contains a live CD titled Live War.

The song "...For Victory" contains a quote from Laurence Binyon poem, known as the Ode of Remembrance.

This would be the last release with Andrew Whale on drums.
Sundbybergs centrum (metro station)
Sundbybergs centrum (Sundbyberg Centre) is a metro station, located in Sundbyberg Municipality, approximately 8 km (5.0 mi) from the centre of Stockholm. It opened on 19 August 1985 as part of the extension to between Västra skogen and Rinkeby. The metro station is connected to a stop on Tvärbanan with the same name, as well as to Sundbyberg railway station served by the Stockholm commuter rail and long-distance trains.

Västra skogen metro station
Västra skogen (Swedish: The Western Forest) is a station on the Blue Line of the Stockholm metro, in Huvudsta, Solna Municipality. The station was opened on 31 August 1975 as part of the first stretch of the Blue Line between T-Centralen and Hjulsta. The trains were running via Hallonbergen and Rinkeby. On 18 August 1985 the extension to Rinkeby was opened, and the stretch between Hallonbergen and Rinkeby was closed for passenger traffic. It features one of the longest escalators in western Europe, 66 meters and with a vertical rise of 33 meters. This part of Huvudsta was earlier called Ingentingskogen (The Nothing Forest) after a small farm called Ingenting; the name Ingenting (Nothing) was suggested as a name for the new station, but rejected.

The station has three platforms, one for trains towards Hjulsta and Akalla, and two platforms towards Kungsträdgården, to allow trains from the two branches of the line to wait in the station before the two lines merge beyond the station.
Jacques Bardoul
Jacques Bardoul, born in Pléchâtel (in Brittany), was a Christian knight, belonging to the order of Saint John of Jerusalem, defender of Rhodes in 1480 under the orders of the Grand Master Pierre d'Aubusson.

Pierre d'Aubusson
Pierre d'Aubusson (1423 – 3 July 1503) was a Grand Master of the Order of Saint John of Jerusalem, and a zealous opponent of the Ottoman Empire.

Pierre probably joined the Knights of Saint John in 1444 or 1445, and then left for Rhodes.
Hruševlje
Hruševlje (pronounced [ˈxɾuːʃɛu̯ljɛ]) is a village in the Municipality of Brda in the Littoral region of Slovenia, right on the border with Italy.

The local church is dedicated to Saint Margaret and belongs to the Parish of Šlovrenc.

Šlovrenc
Šlovrenc (pronounced [ˈʃloːu̯ɾɛnts]) is a village in the Municipality of Brda in the Littoral region of Slovenia, close to the border with Italy.

The parish church, from which the settlement also gets its name, is dedicated to Saint Lawrence and belongs to the Koper Diocese.
Yang Wei (badminton)
Yang Wei (simplified Chinese: 杨维; traditional Chinese: 楊維; pinyin: Yáng Wéi; Cantonese Yale: Yeung Wai; born 13 January 1979) is a Chinese former badminton player who affiliate with Guangdong provincial team.

BWF Super Series
The BWF Super Series was a series of Grade 2 badminton tournaments, sanctioned by Badminton World Federation (BWF). It was launched on December 14, 2006, and implemented in 2007.

Since 2011, the Super Series includes two levels of tournament, Super Series Premier and Super Series. A season of Super Series featured twelve tournaments around the world, including five of them classified as Super Series Premier. Super Series Premier tournament offers higher ranking point and higher minimum total prize money. Top eight players/pairs in each discipline in Super Series standings are invited to the Super Series Finals held at the year end.

BWF announced a new tournament structure in March 2017, BWF World Tour together with the new hosts for the 2018–2021 cycle to replace this Super Series tournament.
Ficus microcarpa
Ficus microcarpa, also known as Chinese banyan, Hill's weeping fig, small-fruited fig, Malayan banyan, Indian laurel, or curtain fig, is a species of banyan tree in the family Moraceae. Its native range is from India to China and Japan, through Southeast Asia and the western Pacific to the state of Queensland in Australia, and it has been introduced to parts of the Americas and the Mediterranean. It was first described in 1782, and is a culturally significant plant in a number of Asian countries.

Fig wasp
Fig wasps are wasps of the superfamily Chalcidoidea which spend their larval stage inside fig syconia. Some are pollinators but others simply feed off the plant. The non-pollinators belong to several groups within the superfamily Chalcidoidea, while the pollinators are in the family Agaonidae. Pollinating fig wasps are all gall-makers, while non-pollinating fig wasps either make their own galls or usurp the galls of other fig wasps. The lifestyles of these fig wasps rely on the fruit of fig trees to reproduce, with pollinating fig wasps acting as mutualists, and non-pollinating fig wasps as parasitoids.
Organocopper chemistry
Organocopper chemistry is the study of the physical properties, reactions, and synthesis of organocopper compounds, which are organometallic compounds containing a carbon to copper chemical bond. They are reagents in organic chemistry.

The first organocopper compound, the explosive copper(I) acetylide Cu2C2 (Cu+[−C≡C−]Cu+), was synthesized by Rudolf Christian Böttger in 1859 by passing acetylene gas through a solution of copper(I) chloride:

C2H2 + 2 CuCl → Cu2C2 + 2 HCl

Α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compound
α,β-Unsaturated carbonyl compounds are organic compounds with the general structure (O=CR)−Cα=Cβ−R. Such compounds include enones and enals, but also carboxylic acids and the corresponding esters and amides. In these compounds, the carbonyl group is conjugated with an alkene (hence the adjective unsaturated). Unlike the case for carbonyls without a flanking alkene group, α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds are susceptible to attack by nucleophiles at the β-carbon. This pattern of reactivity is called vinylogous. Examples of unsaturated carbonyls are acrolein (propenal), mesityl oxide, acrylic acid, and maleic acid. Unsaturated carbonyls can be prepared in the laboratory in an aldol reaction and in the Perkin reaction.
Golden Horse Award for Best Director
The Golden Horse Award for Best Director (Chinese: 金馬獎最佳導演) is presented annually at Taiwan's Golden Horse Film Awards.

Taiwanese directors Li Hsing and Hou Hsiao-hsien, along with Hong Kong directors Ann Hui and Johnnie To, share the record for the most wins in this category, with three each. Hou, To, and Malaysian director Tsai Ming-liang hold the record for the most nominations, with eight.

Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards
The Taipei Golden Horse Film Festival and Taipei Golden Horse Awards (Chinese: 台北金馬影展; pinyin: Táiběi Jīnmǎ Yǐngzhǎn; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak Kim-má iáⁿ-tián) are a film festival and associated awards ceremony held annually in Taiwan. The festival and ceremony were founded in 1962 by the Government Information Office of the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan and is now run as an independent organisation. The awards ceremony is usually held in November or December in Taipei, although the event has also been held in other locations in Taiwan in recent times.
Iris purpureobractea
Iris purpureobractea is a plant species in the genus Iris, it is also in the subgenus Iris. It is a rhizomatous perennial, from the cliffs and forest glades on the mountains of Turkey. It has straight or falcate shaped leaves, stem with several branches, the stem has purple spathes (leaves of the flower bud), it has up to 8 fragrant flowers, in various colours between yellow (white, pale yellow, pale brown and tan) or blue (purple, lavender, pale blue to ice blue). It is cultivated as an ornamental plant in temperate regions.

Mount Honaz
Mount Honaz (Turkish: Honaz Dağı), known in ancient sources as Mount Kadmos or Cadmus, is a mountain and a national park, located in southwestern Turkey, 17 km (11 mi) east of the province seat of Denizli. In the Battle of Mount Cadmus in the Middle Ages, the Seljuks defeated the French on the mountain's slopes. On April 21, 1995, it was proclaimed as a protected area. Honaz, Denizli's depending township that carries the same name as the mountain, is situated on the mountain slopes. At 2,571 m (8,435 ft), it is the highest mountain in Turkey's Aegean Region.

The mountain is covered with forests, which are particularly dense in its northern side. Ice and snow are omnipresent around its summit. There has been a project for establishing a ski resort on the mountain a few years ago when the province's marking governor, the late Recep Yazıcıoğlu was in office. However, these plans lie idle for the moment despite the suitable conditions the mountain offers for winter sports.
Soap Lake Fire
The Soap Lake Fire was a wildfire four miles north of Soap Lake in Grant County, Washington in the United States. The fire started on June 11, 2018. It burned a total of 2,063 acres (8 km2). The fire was contained on June 14. The fire threatened numerous homes and outbuildings and an estimated 50 residents.

Grant County, Washington
Grant County is a county located in the U.S. state of Washington. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,123. The county seat is Ephrata, and the largest city is Moses Lake. The county was formed out of Douglas County in February 1909 and is named for U.S. President Ulysses S. Grant.

Grant County comprises the Moses Lake, WA Micropolitan Statistical Area, which is also part of the Moses Lake-Othello, WA Combined Statistical Area.
Sidral Mundet
Sidral Mundet is a Mexican apple-flavored carbonated soft drink produced by Coca-Cola FEMSA and distributed in the United States by the Novamex company, which also distributes the Jarritos and Sangria Señorial soda brands.

Coca-Cola FEMSA
Coca-Cola FEMSA, S.A.B. de C.V., known as Coca-Cola FEMSA or KOF, is a Mexican multinational beverage company headquartered in Mexico City, Mexico. It is a subsidiary of FEMSA which owns 47.8% of its stock, with 27.8% held by wholly owned subsidiaries of The Coca-Cola Company and the remaining 25% listed publicly on the Mexican Stock Exchange (since 1993) and the New York Stock Exchange (since 1998). It is the largest franchise Coca-Cola bottler in the world, the company has operations in Latin America, although its largest and most profitable market is in Mexico.
Music of Namibia
The music of Namibia includes a number of folk styles, as well as pop, rock, reggae, jazz, house and hip hop.

The Sanlam-NBC Music Awards and the Namibian Music Awards are two separate institutions that give out annual awards at shows on December 2 and May 6 respectively. The Namibia Society of Composers and Authors of Music (NASCAM) has helped promote Namibian music within and outside the country.

The Namibian music industry remains under-developed, with no major record labels or distribution infrastructure. A lack of focus to produce economically viable Namibian music products and the absence of effective marketing and distribution structures are two of the factors inherently hampering the development of the local music industry.The country's online music retailer, DONLU offers streaming services.

Namibian Music Awards
The Namibian Music Awards (NMA), is a Namibian award show that annually honors established recording artists. The award was established in 2006 in order to create and provide a suitable musical entertainment and promotional platform for Namibian musicians and music producers.