hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pentonville Five
The Pentonville Five were five shop stewards who were imprisoned in July 1972 by the National Industrial Relations Court for refusing to obey a court order to stop picketing a container depot in East London. Their arrest and imprisonment led to the Trades Union Congress (TUC) calling a general strike.

Union representative
A union representative, union steward, or shop steward is an employee of an organization or company who represents and defends the interests of their fellow employees as a trades/labour union member and official. Rank-and-file members of the union hold this position voluntarily (through democratic election by fellow workers or sometimes by appointment of a higher union body) while maintaining their role as an employee of the firm. As a result, the union steward becomes a significant link and conduit of information between the union leadership and rank-and-file workers. Above the steward level, a bargaining unit chair is typically elected to coordinate union activities across the unit, lead formal negotiations, and represent the unit in dealings with management and the union’s executive leadership.
Tamar Stieber
Tamar Stieber is an American journalist who won the 1990 Pulitzer Prize for Specialized Reporting. Her coverage revealed a correlation between the drug L-tryptophan and a rare blood disorder. As a result of her reporting, the Food and Drug Administration recalled the dietary supplement.

In 1993, Stieber sued the Albuquerque Journal for unfair treatment and gender discrimination. The United States District Court for the District of New Mexico ruled in favor of the Journal and an appellate court upheld the decision.

Tryptophan
Tryptophan (symbol Trp or W) is an α-amino acid that is used in the biosynthesis of proteins. Tryptophan contains an α-amino group, an α-carboxylic acid group, and a side chain indole, making it a polar molecule with a non-polar aromatic beta carbon substituent. Tryptophan is also a precursor to the neurotransmitter serotonin, the hormone melatonin, and vitamin B3 (niacin). It is encoded by the codon UGG.

Like other amino acids, tryptophan is a zwitterion at physiological pH where the amino group is protonated (–NH+3; pKa = 9.39) and the carboxylic acid is deprotonated ( –COO−; pKa = 2.38).

Humans and many animals cannot synthesize tryptophan: they need to obtain it through their diet, making it an essential amino acid.

Tryptophan is named after the digestive enzymes trypsin, which were used in its first isolation from casein proteins. It was assigned the one-letter symbol W based on the double ring being visually suggestive to the bulky letter.
John Robinson (pastor)
John Robinson (1576–1625) was the pastor of the "Pilgrim Fathers" before they left on the Mayflower. He became one of the early leaders of the English Separatists called Brownists, and is regarded (along with Robert Browne and Henry Barrow) as one of the founders of the Congregational Church.

John Smyth (English theologian)
John Smyth (c. 1554 – 1612) was an English Puritan minister and theologian, former Church of England cleric, defender of the principle of religious liberty, being an influential figure for the development of the Baptist tradition, and later personally developing a Mennonite theology.
Palace Pier (horse)
Palace Pier (foaled 20 March 2017) is a British Thoroughbred racehorse. He won two minor events as a juvenile and a handicap race on his three-year-old debut before emerging as a top-class performer with victories in the St James's Palace Stakes and Prix Jacques Le Marois. In 2021 he won the Sandown Mile, Lockinge Stakes, Queen Anne Stakes and a second Prix Jacques Le Marois.

St James's Palace Stakes
The St James's Palace Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Great Britain open to three-year-old colts. It is run at Ascot over a distance of 7 furlongs and 213 yards (1,603 metres). It is scheduled to be run each year in June.
Atlantic flyingfish
The Atlantic flyingfish (Cheilopogon melanurus) is a flying fish of the family Exocoetidae; the species is one of 6 in the genus Cheilopogon. It was first described by the French zoologist, Achille Valenciennes in a 22-volume work entitled Histoire naturelle des poissons (Natural History of Fish), which was a collaboration with fellow zoologist Georges Cuvier.

Flying fish
The Exocoetidae are a family of saltwater ray-finned fish in the order Beloniformes, known colloquially as flying fish or flying cod, with about 64 species in seven genera. While they do not "fly" in the same way a bird does, flying fish can make powerful leaps out of the water where their long, wing-like paired fins act as aerofoils to generate lift and enable prolonged gliding for considerable distances above the water surface. The main reason for this behavior is thought to be to escape from underwater predators, which include swordfish, mackerel, tuna, and marlin, among others, though their periods of flight expose them to attack by aerial predators such as frigatebirds.

Barbados is known as "the land of the flying fish" and the fish is one of the national symbols of the country. The French Exocet anti-ship missile is also named after them, as the missile can be launched from underwater, and take a low, sea-skimming trajectory before striking the targets.
Boogie with Canned Heat
Boogie with Canned Heat is the second studio album by American blues rock band Canned Heat. Released in 1968, it contains mostly original material, unlike their debut album. It was the band's most commercially successful album, reaching number 16 in the US and number 5 in the UK.

Boogie with Canned Heat includes the top 10 hit "On the Road Again", one of their best-known songs. "Amphetamine Annie", a warning about the dangers of amphetamine abuse, also received considerable airplay. "Fried Hockey Boogie" was the first example of one of Canned Heat's boogies, or loose jams. When released on CD in 2005, six tracks originally released on singles were included as bonus tracks.

In 2012, Boogie with Canned Heat was remastered and released on CD by Iconoclassics Records with the original ten tracks, plus six bonus tracks.

Canned Heat (album)
Canned Heat is the debut studio album by American blues rock band Canned Heat, released shortly after their appearance at the 1967 Monterey Pop Festival. The album consists of covers of traditional and popular blues songs.
Battle of Cabala
The Battle of Cabala (circa 379 BC) was fought at a place called Cabala (Greek: Κάβαλα, Kábala) on the island of Sicily during the Sicilian Wars between Syracuse, led by Dionysius I, and Carthage, led by Mago II. Syracuse won the battle, and Mago was killed along with 10,000 Carthaginian men; a further 5,000 were taken prisoner. The Carthaginians sued for peace and Mago was replaced by his son, Mago III, who extended the peace a further few days. During that extended period he trained his survivors, and the Battle of Cronium occurred when the peace was over.

Dionysius I of Syracuse
Dionysius I or Dionysius the Elder (c. 432 – 367 BC) was a Greek tyrant of Syracuse, Sicily. He conquered several cities on Sicily and southern Italy, opposed Carthage's influence on Sicily and made Syracuse the most powerful of the western Greek colonies. He was regarded by the ancients as the worst kind of despot: cruel, suspicious, and vindictive.
Mike Baumgartner
Michael Edward Baumgartner (born January 30, 1949) is an American former ice hockey defenseman who played 17 games in the National Hockey League (NHL) with the Kansas City Scouts during the 1974–75 season. A native of Minnesota, Baumgartner played high school hockey there before attending the University of North Dakota. He was selected by the Chicago Black Hawks in the 1969 NHL Amateur Draft, though he was traded from the team before playing for them. Baumgartner made his professional debut in 1971 in the Central Hockey League, and spent three seasons there before he made his NHL debut in 1974, but an eye injury forced him to stop after 17 games. He played one final game in the minor American Hockey League before retiring from playing in 1976.

University of North Dakota
The University of North Dakota (UND) is a public research university in Grand Forks, North Dakota, United States. It was established by the Dakota Territorial Assembly in 1883, six years before the establishment of the state of North Dakota.

The university has the only schools of law and medicine in the state of North Dakota. The John D. Odegard School of Aerospace Sciences was the first in the country to offer a degree in unmanned aircraft systems operation. Several national research institutions are on the university's campus including the Energy and Environmental Research Center, the School of Medicine and Health Sciences, and the USDA Human Nutrition Research Center. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral universities – very high research activity".
Fever (Bullet for My Valentine album)
Fever is the third studio album by Welsh heavy metal band Bullet for My Valentine. Containing eleven tracks, the album was released on 26 and 27 April 2010 in the UK and in the US, respectively. The album sold 71,000 copies in the US and 21,965 in the UK in its first week of release to debut at position No. 3 on The Billboard 200 and No. 1 on Billboard's Rock and Alternative charts, making it the band's most successfully-charting record to date. Since its release, Fever has sold over 600,000 copies worldwide. It also went gold in both the United Kingdom in 2013 and New Zealand in 2025, respectively.

Scream Aim Fire
Scream Aim Fire is the second studio album by Welsh heavy metal band Bullet for My Valentine. The album was released on 28 January 2008 in the United Kingdom and the preceding day in the United States through Jive Records. Since its release, Scream Aim Fire has sold over 1,400,000 copies worldwide. It is the band's most commercially successful effort in Australia, earning a gold certification by the Australian Recording Industry Association (ARIA) in addition to a gold certification from both the band's native British Phonographic Industry (BPI) in the United Kingdom and the Bundesverband Musikindustrie (BVMI) in Germany.

In contrast to Bullet for My Valentine's debut, The Poison (2005), Scream Aim Fire explores a thrash metal style in addition to the band's melodic metalcore sound.
Samsung Galaxy Note 8
The Samsung Galaxy Note 8 is an Android-based phablet developed, produced and marketed by Samsung Electronics. The successor to the discontinued Galaxy Note 7, the refurbished Galaxy Note FE, the Galaxy Note 5, and the Galaxy Note 4, it was unveiled on 23 August 2017 and became available on 15 September 2017.

The Note 8 improves on the core device specifications and hallmark S-Pen features of earlier devices. While retaining the same overall look and approximate size of the Galaxy S8+, it features an upgraded processor and, for the first time in Samsung's smartphone history, a dual-camera system on the rear of the device; one functions as a wide-angle lens and the other as a telephoto lens, with both featuring 12 MP resolution and optical image stabilization. The S-Pen has increased pressure sensitivity levels and its software has been upgraded to offer improved note-taking capabilities on the always-on display, as well as animated GIF and improved translation features.

Phablet
The term phablet (/ˈfæblət/, /-lɪt/) arose in the early 2010s to describe mobile devices combining or straddling the size formats of smartphones and tablets. The word is a blend word or portmanteau of phone and tablet.

By the late 2010s, the term had largely fallen into disuse, especially as phone sizes grew, in some case to the size of a small tablet, up to 180 mm (7.1 in), with wider aspect ratios.
Lily Agnes
Lily Agnes (1871–1899) is an English Thoroughbred racehorse. On the track she won 21 races including the Northumberland Plate, Doncaster Cup and Ebor Handicap. She is best known for being the dam of unbeaten Triple Crown winner Ormonde, but she also produced a number of other top foals. When she was in training she was described as "a light-fleshed, ragged hipped, lop-eared filly".

Ebor Handicap
The Ebor Handicap is a flat handicap horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged four years or older. It is run at York over a distance of 1 mile 5 furlongs and 188 yards (2,787 metres). It is scheduled to take place each year in August.
Brill Tramway
The Brill Tramway, also known as the Quainton Tramway, Wotton Tramway, Oxford & Aylesbury Tramroad and Metropolitan Railway Brill Branch, was a six-mile (10 km)  rail line in the Aylesbury Vale, Buckinghamshire, England. It was privately built in 1871 by the 3rd Duke of Buckingham as a horse tram line to help transport goods between his lands around Wotton House and the national rail network. Lobbying from the nearby village of Brill led to its extension to Brill and conversion to passenger use in early 1872. Two locomotives were bought, but trains still travelled at an average speed of 4 miles per hour (6 km/h).

Aylesbury Vale
The Aylesbury Vale (or Vale of Aylesbury) is a geographical region in Buckinghamshire, England, covering the predominantly rural area between Milton Keynes and the Chilterns. It is named after its main town, Aylesbury, the county town of Buckinghamshire. Other key settlements in the region include Winslow and Buckingham.

The bed of the vale is largely made up of clay that was formed at the end of the last ice age.

Before 2020, there was a local government district known as Aylesbury Vale. It was succeeded by the unitary district of Buckinghamshire during local government restructuring in 2020.

In the 2020 census, the population of Aylesbury Vale was 205,426. In the 2001 census, the population of Aylesbury Vale was 165,748, representing an increase since 1991 of 18,600 people. About half of those live in Aylesbury.
Star Fleet (song)
"Star Fleet" is the debut solo single by English musician Brian May, the lead guitarist of Queen. It is taken from the end theme of the cult science fiction puppet series Star Fleet.

It was also taken from the mini-album Star Fleet Project, which started out as a jam session involving May, Eddie Van Halen, drummer Alan Gratzer, bassist Phil Chen and keyboardist Fred Mandel over the days 21 and 22 April 1983.

Aside from the main participants, the title track also included drums and backing vocals by Queen drummer Roger Taylor.

The main track, "Star Fleet", was edited down from the mini-album's length of eight minutes to a more radio-friendly 4:12. Shorter edits were also done for Argentinian and American promo releases. The British B-side, "Son of Star Fleet", is an instrumental consisting mainly of the sections edited out of the full version of the track for its single release.

REO Speedwagon
REO Speedwagon (originally stylized as R.E.O. Speedwagon), or simply REO, was an American rock band from Champaign, Illinois.

Formed in 1966, the band cultivated a following during the 1970s and achieved significant commercial success throughout the 1980s. Their best-selling album, Hi Infidelity (1980), contained four US Top 40 hits and sold more than 10 million copies.

REO Speedwagon sold more than 40 million records and charted 13 Top 40 hits, including the number ones "Keep On Loving You" and "Can't Fight This Feeling".
Tatoid dialects
The Tatoid dialects are dialects of the Tati language spoken in the Iranian provinces of Gilan, Qazvin and Alborz.
Tatoid includes the Rudbari, Taleghani and Alamuti dialects. According to Stilo, this special status for this recent type is that these two varieties were originally Tatic which, under the intense influences of Caspian and Persian, have lost all their Tatic grammatical structures.

Gilaki language
Gilaki (گیلٚکی زٚوان romanized: Gilɵki Zɵvon) is an Iranian language belonging to the Caspian subgroup of the Northwestern branch, spoken in south of Caspian Sea by Gilak people. Gilaki is closely related to Mazandarani. The two languages of Gilaki and Mazandarani have similar vocabularies. The Gilaki and Mazandarani languages (but not other Iranian languages) share certain typological features with Caucasian languages (specifically Kartvelian languages), reflecting the history, ethnic identity, and close relatedness to the Caucasus region and Caucasian peoples of the Gilak people and Mazandarani people.
1981 Toronto International Film Festival
The 6th Toronto International Film Festival (TIFF) took place in Toronto, Ontario, Canada between September 10 and September 19, 1981. The festival screened films from more than twenty countries. Ticket to Heaven, a Canadian film, was selected as the opening film. Another Canadian film, Threshold, was chosen as the closing film. The People's Choice Award was awarded to Chariots of Fire, directed by Hugh Hudson; the film later won an Oscar for Best Picture.

The Canadian documentary Not a Love Story, about the pornography industry, was also featured at the festival. Initially it was banned by the Ontario Censor Board, but later they allowed a single screening of film during the festival. With all the media attention surrounding this decision, public interest in the film increased. However, the Censor Board refused to permit a second screening of the film.

Threshold (1981 film)
Threshold is a 1981 Canadian drama/science fiction film directed by Richard Pearce, and starring Donald Sutherland and Jeff Goldblum. It was nominated for ten Genie Awards in 1983 and won two of them. Sutherland also won best actor at the 1982 Karlovy Vary International Film Festival for his performance. Threshold was filmed on location at the then newly constructed Ottawa General Hospital.
Andhhagadu
Andhhagadu (transl. Blind Handsome Man) is a 2017 Telugu-language comedy thriller film, produced by Sunkara Ramabrahmam on AK Entertainments Pvt Ltd banner and directed by Veligonda Srinivas. The film stars Raj Tarun, Hebah Patel and Rajendra Prasad in the lead roles, while Ashish Vidyarthi, Sayaji Shinde, and Raja Ravindra play supporting roles. The music is composed by Shekar Chandra. This movie was declared a hit at the box office. It was remade in Odia as Sriman Surdas.

Shekar Chandra
Shekhar Chandra is an Indian music composer and singer known for his work in Telugu cinema. His debut film as music director was Anasuya (2007). He is considered as one of the most underrated music directors of Telugu film industry.
Jawaani
Jawaani is a 1984 Indian Hindi-language film produced and directed by Ramesh Behl, introducing Neelam Kothari,  Karan Shah and Jatin Malhotra with Sharmila Tagore,  Moushumi Chatterjee, and Anupam Kher in supporting roles.

Moushumi Chatterjee
Moushumi Chatterjee (born Indira Chattopadhyay; 26 April 1954) is an Indian actress and politician known for her work in Hindi and Bengali cinema. She was one of the highest-paid actresses in Hindi films during the 1970s. She joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in 2019; she was previously a member of the Indian National Congress.
Dammy Krane
Oyindamola Johnson Emmanuel, (born 11 December 1992) popularly known as Dammy Krane, is a Nigerian singer, composer and  performer. In January 2012, at age 20, he signed a record deal with Hypertek Digital and 960 Music Group. He is most famous for his single hit "My Dear". Dammy Krane is known for his melodic voice, engaging lyrics and his exciting genre of African alternative music. Dammy Krane has received several nominations, including the Next Rated nomination.  He won Rookie of the Year at The Headies 2012.

2Baba
Innocent Ujah Idibia MON (Listenⓘ; born 18 September 1975), known by his stage name 2Baba  and formerly as 2Face Idibia, is a Nigerian singer-songwriter, record producer and philanthropist known for his solo debut album, Face 2 Face (2004). He is regarded as one of the "most influential" and greatest Afrobeats artists of all time following his contributions to Nigerian pop music in the 2000s.

2Baba won the MTV Europe Music Award for Best African Act in 2005. In 2019, he collaborated with Cobhams Asuquo and Timi Dakolo to release a song raising awareness for children's rights. In 2025, Billboard ranked his song "African Queen" No. 1 on their list of the best Afrobeats songs of all time.
1946 United States Senate election in Maryland
The 1946 United States Senate election in Maryland was held on November 5, 1946.

Incumbent Democratic Senator George L. P. Radcliffe ran for a third consecutive term in office, but lost the Democratic primary to Governor of Maryland Herbert O'Conor. O'Conor narrowly defeated Republican D. John Markey to win the open seat.

O'Conor's general election victory and the subsequent recount by a federal Senate Subcommittee were controversial, with each party claiming partisan manipulation by the other.

D. John Markey
David John Markey (October 7, 1882 – July 20, 1963) was an American politician, Army officer, businessman, and college football coach. He ran a controversial unsuccessful campaign for a United States Senate seat against former Maryland governor Herbert R. O'Conor in 1946.

Markey also served as the head football coach at Maryland Agricultural College—now known as the University of Maryland, College Park—from 1902 to 1904, compiling a record of 12–13–4.
Epidemiological method
The science of epidemiology has matured significantly from the times of Hippocrates, Semmelweis and John Snow. The techniques for gathering and analyzing epidemiological data vary depending on the type of disease being monitored but each study will have overarching similarities.

Prevalence
In epidemiology, prevalence is the proportion of a particular population found to be affected by a medical condition (typically a disease or a risk factor such as smoking or seatbelt use) at a specific time. It is derived by comparing the number of people found to have the condition with the total number of people studied and is usually expressed as a fraction, a percentage, or the number of cases per 10,000 or 100,000 people. Prevalence is most often used in questionnaire studies.
Bombay Poets
Bombay Poets (or, Bombay School of Poets) was one of the founding school of poets of Indian English literature of the post-independence era, consisting of both prose and verse. It was located in the geographical located in Bombay (now, Mumbai). Several members of the same are credited with redefining Indian English poetry as well as the perception of Indian poets abroad. The school began in the 1960s with prominent names like Nissim Ezekiel, R. Parthasarathy, Dom Moraes, Adil Jussawalla and many more gathering at Kala Ghoda where they would all sit and discuss about literature, present their own works & critically analyse others work. Due to their international acclaim, they have also performed their works at cultural capitals like Soho (in London), New York, and many more of such places. Their selected works have also been achieved at the Cornell University Library.

Their works remain largely influential till date in India, and have inspired many generations of authors & poets.

Adil Jussawalla
Adil Jehangir Jussawalla (born 8 April 1940, Mumbai) is an Indian poet, magazine editor and translator. He has written two books of poetry, Land's End and Missing Person.

Sea Breeze Bombay is a fine, city poem by this poet. It is actually a response to the historical incident of partition in the year 1947 according to the poet, Bombay is a 'Surrogate City'. It provided shelter to numerous refugees after partition, during which there were many riots in India. Thousands of people were killed and many became homeless. The city Bombay acted as a substitute or surrogate mother to all refugees.

In the poem 'Sea Breeze Bombay' the poet presents a picture of the suffering of the refugees. These people from the north got relief in the worst heat. In the city many communities were reformed. In the hot sun a cool breeze gives pleasant, soothing experience. In the same way, the city Bombay also provided pleasant experience to all the refugees.