hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hypercalculia
Hypercalculia is a specific developmental condition characterized by a mathematical calculation ability that is significantly superior to the individual's general learning ability and school attainment in mathematics. It is often associated with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and savant syndrome. Neuroimaging studies have suggested biological correlates for the condition; for instance, a 2002 neuroimaging study of a child with hypercalculia observed greater brain volume in the right temporal lobe. Serial SPECT scans have also indicated hyperperfusion over right parietal areas during the performance of arithmetic tasks.

Temporal lobe
The temporal lobe is one of the four major lobes of the cerebral cortex in the brain of mammals. The temporal lobe is located beneath the lateral fissure on both cerebral hemispheres of the mammalian brain.

The temporal lobe is involved in processing sensory input into derived meanings for the appropriate retention of visual memory, language comprehension, and emotion association.: 21 
Temporal refers to the head's temples.
2009 Cork County Council election
An election to Cork County Council took place on 5 June 2009 as part of that year's Irish local elections. 48 councillors were elected from ten local electoral areas (LEAs) for a five-year term of office on the electoral system of proportional representation by means of the single transferable vote (PR-STV).

2009 Irish local elections
The 2009 Irish local elections were held in all the counties, cities and towns of Ireland on Friday, 5 June 2009, on the same day as the European Parliament election and two by-elections (Dublin South and Dublin Central).
Charpentiera
Charpentiera is a flowering plant genus in the family Amaranthaceae.  It consists of five species endemic to Hawaiʻi, where they are known as pāpala, and one species found only on the island of Tubuai in the Austral Islands. All species are trees, some reaching more than 10 metres (33 ft) in height. The genus is named for Arsène Charpentier (1781-1818), professor of pharmacy at Antwerp from 1810 to 1814 and at Cherbourg from 1814 to 1816.

Amaranthaceae
Amaranthaceae (/ˌæmərænˈθeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/ AM-ər-an-THAY-see-ee, -⁠eye) is a family of flowering plants commonly known as the amaranth family, in reference to its type genus Amaranthus. It includes the former goosefoot family Chenopodiaceae and contains about 165 genera and 2,040 species, making it the most species-rich lineage within its parent order, Caryophyllales.
Jake Conroy
Jake Conroy is an American animal rights activist and vegan who was involved with Stop Huntingdon Animal Cruelty (SHAC), an international campaign to force the closure of Huntingdon Life Sciences (HLS), an animal-testing company based in the UK and US, for which he designed and maintained the SHAC websites. Conroy had previously been a co-founder and activist for an anti-whaling group Ocean Defense International, formally called Sea Defence Alliance, and director of Northwest Animal Rights Network.

He has been recognized as top 100 most influential vegans by Plant Based News.

Animal rights movement
The animal rights movement, sometimes called the animal liberation, animal personhood, or animal advocacy movement, is a social movement that advocates an end to the rigid moral and legal distinction drawn between human and non-human animals, an end to the status of animals as property, and an end to their use in the research, food, clothing, and entertainment industries.  The argument from marginal cases is often used in animal rights advocacy which asserts that if certain humans with limited cognitive capacities are granted moral consideration, then non-human animals, who may possess different forms of intelligence or sentience, should also be afforded similar negative rights and moral consideration.
Sanjappa
Sanjappa is a genus of flowering plants in the family Fabaceae. It contains two species:

Sanjappa cynometroides (Bedd.) E.R.Souza & Krishnaraj – southwestern India.

Sanjappa vietnamica Thulin – Vietnam

The genus is named in honour of Dr. Munivenkatappa Sanjappa, former Director of the Botanical Survey of India.

Sanjappa cynometroides
Sanjappa cynometroides is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. It is a tree native to southwestern India.

The species was first described as Calliandra cynometroides by Richard Henry Beddome in 1873. In 2016 Élvia R. Souza and Moothedathu Krishnaraj placed it in the newly-described genus Sanjappa as Sanjappa cynometroides. The genus is named in honour of Dr. Munivenkatappa Sanjappa, former Director of the Botanical Survey of India.
Panagiotis Papadopoulos
Panagiotis Papadopoulos (born May 23, 1985, in Thessaloniki, Greece) is a Greek wrestler who specializes in Greco-Roman wrestling.
He was a competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the super-heavyweight division, losing in his opening bout to Liu Deli from China.

Liu Deli
Liu Deli (劉德利; born January 1, 1980) is a Chinese wrestler who competed at the 2008 and 2012 Summer Olympics in the Greco-Roman super-heavyweight division. In 2008, he lost in the third round to Dremiel Byers, and in 2012, he lost in the first round to Mihály Deák-Bárdos.

Liu Deli won the 2007 Asian Championships, and finished second at the 2010 Asian Games.
History of Joseon
The Joseon dynasty ruled Korea from 1392 to 1897.

The history of Joseon is largely divided into two parts: the early period and the late period; some divide it into three parts, including a middle period. The standard for dividing the early and the late periods is the Imjin War (1592–1598). The standard for dividing the early and the middle periods is the Jungjong coup (1506), while the standard for dividing the middle and the late periods is the Imjin War (1592–1598) or the Qing invasion (1636–1637).

The whole period of the Joseon dynasty through also to 1910 is included in the royal archives now part of the National Museum of the Annals of the Joseon dynasty at Pyeongchang opened in the autumn of 2023.

Southerners (Korean political faction)
The Southerners (Korean: 남인; Hanja: 南人; RR: Nam-in) were a political faction of the Joseon Dynasty. The faction was created after the split of the Easterners in 1591 by Yi Sanhae's opponents. Its leader was Yu Sŏngnyong, who died in 1607. Leader Hŏ Mok was Left Prime Minister from 1675 to 1678. Leader Yun Hyu was executed in 1680. They supported Jang Huibin, queen consort of Sukjong of Joseon from 1688 to 1694. The faction continued to exist until the 18th century.

See also, Noron, and for the role of private Confucian academies (together with their shrines), in strife between the factions, see seowon.
Mpumalanga Division of the High Court of South Africa
The Mpumalanga Division of the High Court of South Africa is a superior court of law with general jurisdiction over the Mpumalanga province of South Africa. The main seat of the court in Mbombela (Nelspruit) opened on 13 May 2019. The court also has a local seat at Middelburg. Before the opening of the division, the Gauteng Division at Pretoria had jurisdiction over Mpumalanga and circuit courts of that division sat at Mbombela and Middelburg.

Mbombela
Mbombela, formerly Nelspruit, is a city in northeastern South Africa. It is the capital of the Mpumalanga province. Located on the Crocodile River, the city lies about 110 km (68 mi) by road west of the Mozambique border, 330 km (210 mi) east of Johannesburg and 82 km (51 mi) north of the Eswatini border. Mbombela was one of the host cities of the 2010 FIFA World Cup.
Valentina Batres Guadarrama
Valentina Batres Guadarrama (born 26 May 1971) is a Mexican politician affiliated with the National Regeneration Movement (Morena) who was previously a member of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD). In 2006–2009 she served as a federal deputy in the 60th Congress, representing the Federal District's sixteenth district for the PRD.

She is a sister to Martí Batres Guadarrama (mayor of Mexico City in 2023–2024) and Lenia Batres Guadarrama (justice of the Supreme Court since 2023).

Lenia Batres
Lenia Batres Guadarrama (born 6 August 1969) is a Mexican lawyer and politician. She is a member of the Morena party and, since 14 December 2023, has been a minister of the Supreme Court of Justice of the Nation.
Deoxidized steel
Deoxidized steel (also known as killed steel) is steel that has some or all of the oxygen removed from the melt during the steelmaking process. Liquid steels contain dissolved oxygen after their conversion from molten iron, but the solubility of oxygen in steel decreases with cooling. As steel cools, excess oxygen can cause blowholes or precipitate FeO.  Therefore, several strategies have been developed for deoxidation. This may be accomplished by adding metallic deoxidizing agents to the melt either before or after it is tapped, or by vacuum treatment, in which carbon dissolved in the steel is the deoxidizer.

Casting defect
A casting defect is an undesired irregularity in a metal casting process. Some defects can be tolerated while others can be repaired, otherwise they must be eliminated. They are broken down into five main categories: gas porosity, shrinkage defects, mould material defects, pouring metal defects, and metallurgical defects.
Mogenstrup
Mogenstrup is a town, with a population of 2,106 (1 January 2025), in Næstved Municipality, Region Zealand in Denmark. It is located 10 km southeast of Næstved.

Mogenstrup was the municipal seat of the former Fladså Municipality until 1 January 2007.

Mogenstrup is situated just south of Mogenstrup Ås. It is Denmark's largest esker with a length of 10 km, a width of 500 metres and an elevation up to 59 metres above the surrounding ground.

Mogenstrup Church is located on the northern outskirts of the town.

Sydsjællands Golfklub is a golf club located on the northeastern outskirts of the town just east of the road between Næstved and Præstø.

Fladså Svømmehal is a gym and indoor swimming pool located directly next door to Mogenstrup School, officially named Fladsåskolen.

Næstved Municipality
Næstved Municipality (Danish: Næstved Kommune) is a kommune in the Region Sjælland on the island of Zealand in the south of Denmark. The municipality includes the island of Gavnø.  It covers an area of 681 km2, and has a total population of 84,895 (2025). The main town and the site of its municipal council is the town of Næstved.

On 1 January 2007, Kommunalreformen ("The Municipal Reform" of 2007) merged the Næstved municipality with existing Fladså, Fuglebjerg, Holmegaard, and Suså municipalities to form the new Næstved municipality, increasing the total population to more than 80,000. As of 2024 the mayor is Carsten Rasmussen.
Durrani Campaign to Khorasan (1749–1751)
The first Durrani campaign to Khorasan (Persian: حمله احمدشاه درانی به خراسان) took place between 1750–1751 It saw Ahmad Shah Durrani, ruler of the Durrani Empire, invade the region of Khorasan to establish his supremacy in the region.

Timur Shah Durrani
Timur Shah Durrani (born Timur Khan Abdali; December 1746 – 20 May 1793) was the second ruler of the Afghan Durrani Empire, from November 1772 until his death in 1793. An ethnic Pashtun, he was the second eldest son of Ahmad Shah Durrani.
Rasul Chunayev
Rasul Abakar oghlu Chunayev (Azerbaijani: Rəsul Çunayev) is an Azerbaijani Greco-Roman wrestler. He was born 7 January 1991 in Yeni Şərif, Balakən, Azerbaijan, to Avar parents. He is a world champion and European championship silver medalist in men's Greco-Roman wrestling.

Avars (Caucasus)
The Avars (/ˈævɑːrz/), also known as Maharuls' (Avar: магӀарулал, romanized: maⱨarulal, lit. 'mountaineers'), are a Northeast Caucasian ethnic group. The Avars are the largest of several ethnic groups living in the Russian republic of Dagestan. The Avars reside in the North Caucasus between the Black Sea and the Caspian Sea. Alongside other ethnic groups in the North Caucasus region, the Avars live in ancient villages located approximately 2,000 meters above sea level. The Avar language spoken by the Caucasian Avars belongs to the family of Avar–Andic languages. Sunni Islam has been the prevailing religion of the Avars since the 14th century.
NMB48
NMB48 (read "N.M.B. Forty-eight") is a Japanese idol group that debuted in 2011 as the second sister group to AKB48, produced by Yasushi Akimoto. NMB48 is named after the Namba district in Osaka city of Osaka Prefecture, where the group is based. The group performs at the NMB48 Theater, which is located in the basement of the Yes-Namba Building in Namba, Osaka. The group has sold over 9 million CDs in Japan.

Namba
Namba (Japanese: 難波, IPA: [namba]) is a district in Chūō and Naniwa wards of Osaka, Japan. It is regarded as the center of Osaka's Minami (ja:ミナミ, "South") region. Its name came from a variation of Naniwa, the former name of Osaka. Namba hosts some of the city's main south-central railway terminals, as JR, Kintetsu, Nankai, Hanshin, and three Osaka Metro subway lines all have stations within this region.
Penile discharge
Penile discharge is fluid that comes from the urethra at the end of the penis that is not urine, pre-ejaculate or semen.

Common causes include infections due to gonorrhea, chlamydia, or trichomoniasis. In gonorrhea the discharge may be white, yellow, or green.

A swab of the discharge is usually performed.

Treatment depends on the cause. Spread of infection is reduced by also treating sexual contacts.

Risk factors include being sexually active men under the age of 25, having a recent new sexual partner, or having unprotected sex.

Semen
Semen, also known as seminal fluid, is a bodily fluid that contains spermatozoa from the male gonads of animals. In humans and placental mammals, seminal fluid is ejaculated through the penis via the urethra. This fluid contains proteolytic and other enzymes as well as fructose, which together promote the survival of spermatozoa and provide a medium through which they can move (or "swim") from the vagina into the uterus and to the fallopian tubes, where they can fertilize the female ovum and form a zygote (diploid cell).

Semen is collected from animals for artificial insemination or cryoconservation of genetic material. Cryoconservation of animal genetic resources is a practice that calls for the collection of semen in efforts for conservation of a particular breed.
Central Córdoba de Rosario
Club Atlético Central Córdoba, usually just Central Córdoba, is an Argentine football club based in the city of Rosario, Santa Fe. The team currently plays in Primera C Metropolitana, the regionalised fourth division of the Argentine football league system.

Primera B Metropolitana
Primera B Metropolitana, also known as B Metro is one of two professional leagues that form the third level of the Argentine football league system. The division is made up of 17 clubs mainly from the city of Buenos Aires and its metropolitan area, Greater Buenos Aires.

Originally created as the second division, it became the third level after a restructuring of the system in 1985 that ended with the creation of Primera B Nacional, set as the second division since then.

The other league at level three is the Torneo Federal A, where teams from regional leagues take part.
Lamač
Lamač (German: Blumenau; Hungarian: Lamacs) is the smallest borough of Bratislava, the capital of Slovakia, lying in the northern part of the city. Part of the Bratislava IV district, Lamač is home to approximately 7,000 inhabitants. Until 1946, Lamač was a small independent village, but it was incorporated into the city Bratislava. In the past, Lamač was known for its vineyards and as an agricultural and fruit supplier for Bratislava's markets.

The dominant features of Lamač include the Church of Saint Margita, the Chapel of Saint Rozalia and the Memorial to soldiers killed in The First World War. Lamač is accessible by the public transport system of Bratislava. The borough also features the Bratislava Lamač railway station.

Battle of Blumenau
The Battle of Blumenau or Battle of Lamač was the last battle fought in the Austro-Prussian War, on 22 July 1866 (on the day of the conclusion of peace), with the Austrians defending against the Prussian army.
Jon Gomez
Jon Gomez Garai (born May 17, 1990) is a Spanish singer, musician and TV presenter.

He made his debut at the age of nineteen in Betizu on the ETB 1 channel, being one of several Betizu artists (a former Betizu Star).

EITB
Euskal Irrati Telebista (Basque: [eus̺kal irat̪i t̪elebis̺t̪a]; transl. Basque Radio Television; acronym EITB, branded eitb) is the Basque Autonomous Community's public broadcast service, which broadcasts throughout the Basque Country. Its main brand is Euskal Telebista (ETB, Basque Television).

EITB is the leading media group in the Basque Autonomous Community of Spain with five domestic television channels and six radio stations. Their channels are also broadcast in the whole Basque Country, and people in nearby territories such as Burgos (in Castile and León), Cantabria, Huesca and Saragossa (in Aragon), La Rioja, and the non-Basque-speaking region of Pyrénées-Atlantiques (in France) can also get the signal. It has been running since 1982 and during this period it has established itself as a major media organisation, connecting with more than a million people every day. The majority of EITB's broadcasts deal with local news and entertainment.
1968 UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The men's road race at the 1968 UCI Road World Championships was the 35th edition of the event. The race took place on Sunday 1 September 1968 in Imola, Italy. The race was won by Vittorio Adorni of Italy after a successful 90 km breakaway from the leading group on the 4th lap.

UCI Road World Championships – Men's road race
The UCI Road World Championships Elite Men's Road Race is a one-day event for professional cyclists that takes place annually. The winner is considered the World Cycling Champion (or World Road Cycling Champion) and earns the right to wear the Rainbow Jersey for a full year in road race or stage events. The event is a single mass start road race with the winner being the first across the line at the completion of the full race distance. The road race is contested by riders organized by national cycling teams as opposed to commercially sponsored trade teams, which is the standard in professional cycling.
Valmozzola
Valmozzola (Parmigiano: Valmùsla) is a comune (municipality) in the Province of Parma in the Italian region Emilia-Romagna, located about 119 kilometres (74 mi) west of Bologna and about 45 kilometres (28 mi) southwest of Parma.

Valmozzola borders the following municipalities: Bardi, Berceto, Borgo Val di Taro, Solignano, Varsi.

Berceto
Berceto (Parmigiano: Bersèjj, Barsäi or Bersè; Ligurian: Bercèi) is a village and comune in Italy, located in the Apennine Mountains on the main road between La Spezia and Parma, in the Taro River valley, in the region of Emilia-Romagna.

The main church in the comune is the Duomo of San Moderanno founded in the 9th century and with Lombard era sculptures. Other sights include the remains of the Castle of Berceto as well as those of Pietramogolana and Roccaprebalza. Berceto was the birthplace of condottiero Pier Maria II de' Rossi.
Nicole Schott
Nicole Schott (born 12 September 1996) is a retired German figure skater. She is the 2016 CS Warsaw Cup champion, the 2017 CS Tallinn Trophy bronze medalist, a two-time NRW Trophy champion (2014, 2016), and a seven-time German national champion (2012, 2015, 2018–20, 2022–23). She has finished within the top ten at two World and four European Championships.

Schott represented Germany at the 2018 and 2022 Winter Olympics, placing eighteenth and seventeenth, respectively.

Crystal Skate of Romania
The Crystal Skate of Romania is an annual international figure skating competition held in Romania. Medals may be awarded in men's singles and women's singles at the senior, junior, and novice levels. The event has been held annually since 1999 and has also served in some years as the Romanian Figure Skating Championships.
COVID-19 pandemic in Michigan
The first confirmed cases of COVID-19 in the American state of Michigan were discovered on March 10, 2020, one day before the outbreak of the disease was officially declared a global pandemic by the World Health Organization. As of December 20, 2022, 2,977,727 cases have been identified, causing 40,657 deaths.

The Michigan Department of Health and Human Services made the COVID-19 vaccines available to all residents age 16 years and older on April 5, 2021, in accordance with President Joe Biden's order directing all states to do so by April 19, 2021.
As of September 29, 2022, Michigan has administered 16,758,098 doses, with 67.5% of the state's population having received the first dose, 60.6% having received a second dose, and 34.2% having received a third dose.

Wayne County, Michigan
Wayne County is the most populous county in the U.S. state of Michigan. As of 2020, the United States census placed its population at 1,793,561, making it the 19th-most populous county in the United States. The county seat is Detroit. The county was founded in 1796 and organized in 1815. Wayne County is included in the Detroit-Warren-Dearborn, MI Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is one of several U.S. counties named after Revolutionary War-era general Anthony Wayne.
Emilia Boncodin
Emilia Tabalanza Boncodin (May 28, 1954 – March 15, 2010) was a Filipina accountant, professor, and public servant. She was the Secretary of the Philippine Department of Budget and Management under the presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo. She also served as a professor at the National College of Public Administration and Governance at the University of the Philippines Diliman until her death in 2010.

Boncodin was a member of the Hyatt 10, a group of Cabinet officials who quit their posts in 2005 during the height of the "Hello, Garci" scandal then rocking the Arroyo administration.

Secretary of Budget and Management
The secretary of budget and management  (Filipino: Kalihim ng Pagbabadyet at Pamamahala) is the head of the Philippine government's Department of Budget and Management and is a member of the president's Cabinet.

The position is currently held by  Undersecretary Rolando U. Toledo serving as Acting Secretary since November 17, 2025.

The department has four undersecretaries and four assistant secretaries.
4758th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadron
The 4758th Defense Systems Evaluation Squadron is a discontinued United States Air Force unit.  It was last assigned to the 26th Air Division of Aerospace Defense Command at Holloman Air Force Base, New Mexico, where it was inactivated on 31 October 1970.

26th Air Division
The 26th Air Division (26th AD) is an inactive United States Air Force organization.  Its last assignment was with Air Defense Tactical Air Command, assigned to First Air Force, being stationed at March Air Force Base, California.  It was inactivated on 30 September 1990.
Field-aligned irregularity
A field-aligned irregularity (FAI) is an anisotropic (different values when measured in different directions) perturbation of plasma density associated with magnetic fields. FAIs are often thought of in the context of the Earth's ionosphere where several natural processes generate FAIs in the E-region and F-region.

They occur at 50 and 140 MHz, where electrons associated with the event become vertically aligned with Earth's magnetic field. FAI may occur for several hours after it starts. Optimum times for observance appear to be between 8 PM and midnight.

Ionosphere
The ionosphere (/aɪˈɒnəˌsfɪər/) is the ionized part of the upper atmosphere of Earth, from about 48 km (30 mi) to 965 km (600 mi) above sea level, a region that includes the thermosphere and parts of the mesosphere and exosphere. The ionosphere is ionized by solar radiation. It plays an important role in atmospheric electricity and forms the inner edge of the magnetosphere. It has practical importance because, among other functions, it influences radio propagation to distant places on Earth. Travel through this layer also impacts GPS signals, resulting in effects such as deflection in their path and delay in the arrival of the signal.