hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Polygonal fort
A polygonal fort is a type of fortification originating in France in the late 18th century and fully developed in Germany in the first half of the 19th century. Unlike earlier forts, polygonal forts had no bastions, which had proved to be vulnerable. As part of ring fortresses, polygonal forts were generally arranged in a ring around the place they were intended to protect, so that each fort could support its neighbours. The concept of the polygonal fort proved to be adaptable to improvements in the artillery which might be used against them, and they continued to be built and rebuilt well into the 20th century.

Bastion
A bastion is a structure projecting outward from the curtain wall of a fortification, most commonly angular in shape and positioned at the corners of the fort. The fully developed bastion consists of two faces and two flanks, with fire from the flanks being able to protect the curtain wall and the adjacent bastions. Compared with the medieval fortified towers they replaced, bastion fortifications offered a greater degree of passive resistance and more scope for ranged defence in the age of gunpowder artillery. As military architecture, the bastion is one element in the style of fortification dominant from the mid 16th to mid 19th centuries.
Sheho
Sheho (2016 population: 105) is a village in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan within the Rural Municipality of Insinger No. 275 and Census Division No. 9. Sheho is located on Highway 16 (the Yellowhead Highway), in southeast Saskatchewan between Foam Lake to the west and Yorkton to the east. Sheho Lake post office first opened in 1891 at the legal land description of Sec.28, Twp.30, R.9, W2 before moving slightly and changing name to Sheho.

Yorkton
Yorkton is a city located in south-eastern Saskatchewan, Canada. It is about 300 kilometres (190 mi) south-east of Saskatoon and 450 kilometres (280 mi) north-west of Winnipeg, Manitoba and is the sixth-largest city in the province. Yorkton was founded in 1882 and incorporated as a city in 1928. The city is bordered by the rural municipalities of Orkney to the north, west, and south, and Wallace on the east.
Xilinhot
Xilinhot (Mongolian: ; Chinese: 锡林浩特市) is a county-level city that serves as the prefectural seat of government for the Xilingol League in Inner Mongolia, China. In 2010, it has a jurisdiction area of 14,785 km2 (5,709 sq mi) and a population of 245,886; 149,000 people live in the Xilinhot urban area.

Hohhot
Hohhot, formerly known as Kweisui, is the capital and largest city of the northern Chinese province of Inner Mongolia, serving as the region's administrative, economic and cultural center. Its population was 3,446,100 inhabitants as of the 2020 census, of whom 2,944,889 lived in the metropolitan area consisting of 4 urban districts (including Hohhot Economic and Development Zone) plus the Tumed Left Banner.

The name of the city in Mongolian means "Blue City", although it is also wrongly referred to as the "Green City." The color blue in Mongol culture is associated with the sky, eternity and purity. In Chinese, the name can be translated as Qīng Chéng (Chinese: 青城; lit. 'Blue/Green City') The name has also been variously romanized as Kokotan, Kokutan, Kuku-hoton, Huhohaot'e, Huhehot, Huhhot, Huhot, or Köke qota.

The city is a seat of the Inner Mongolia University, the largest regional comprehensive university and was the only 211 Project University in Inner Mongolia.
Roger Alden
Roger Alden (February 11, 1754 – November 5, 1836) graduated from Yale in 1773, and served in the American Revolutionary War as an aide to General Nathanael Greene. He served as a lieutenant in the Connecticut Line, and was promoted to captain of the Second Connecticut Regiment on September 1, 1779. He continued to serve in the army until February 10, 1781. Alden studied law in the office of William Samuel Johnson (1727-1819) and served as deputy secretary to the Continental Congress from 1785 until 1789, when he joined the State Department as chief clerk to the domestic department. He was the resident agent of the Holland Land Company in Meadville, Pennsylvania from 1795 to 1803 and as ordnance storekeeper at West Point from 1825 until his death.

William Samuel Johnson
William Samuel Johnson (October 7, 1727 – November 14, 1819) was an American Founding Father and statesman. He attended all of the four founding American Congresses: the Stamp Act Congress in 1765, the Congress of the Confederation in 1785–1787, the United States Constitutional Convention in 1787 where he was chairman of the Committee of Style that drafted the final version of the United States Constitution, and as a senator from Connecticut in the first United States Congress in 1789–1791. He also served as the third president of Columbia University (then known as Columbia College).
Western philosophy
Western philosophy refers to the philosophical thought, traditions, and works of the Western world. Historically, the term refers to the philosophical thinking of Western culture, beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy of the pre-Socratics. The word philosophy itself originated from the Ancient Greek φιλοσοφία (philosophía), literally, 'the love of wisdom', from Ancient Greek: φιλεῖν (phileîn), 'to love', and σοφία (sophía), 'wisdom'.

Western philosophy stands in contrast to other cultural and regional traditions like Eastern philosophy.

Cyrenaics
The Cyrenaics, or Kyrenaics (Ancient Greek: Κυρηναϊκοί, romanized: Kyrēnaïkoí), were a sensual hedonist Greek school of philosophy founded in the 4th century BCE, supposedly by Aristippus of Cyrene, although many of the principles of the school are believed to have been formalized by his grandson of the same name, Aristippus the Younger. The school was so called after Cyrene, the birthplace of Aristippus. It was one of the earliest Socratic schools. The Cyrenaics taught that the only intrinsic good is pleasure, which meant not just the absence of pain (as it did for Epicurus), but positively enjoyable sensations. Of these, momentary pleasures, especially physical ones, are stronger than those of anticipation or memory. Further, they recognized the value of social obligation and that pleasure could be gained from altruistic behaviour. The school died out within a century and was replaced by the philosophy of Epicureanism.
Balbino de Freitas Archaeological Collection
The Balbino de Freitas Archaeological Collection was one of the collections on display in National Museum of Brazil, in Rio de Janeiro. It reunited works belonging to the house of Balbino Luiz de Freitas, one of the first archaeological collections of Brazil. The collection was listed by the IPHAN in 1938.

The collection was assembled by Freitas, especially with indigenous objects of Torres. A basket was one of the main elements of the collection, collected in a sambaqui in the coastal area. The importance of the piece is given by the difficult maintenance of objects made with organic material in tropical countries, such as Brazil.

This archaeological collection was, at least in part, destroyed in the fire of 2018 in the National Museum.

National Museum of Brazil fire
The National Museum of Brazil was heavily damaged by a large fire which began about 19:30 local time (23:30 UTC) on 2 September 2018. Although some items were saved, it is believed that 92% of its archive of 20 million items was destroyed in the fire. The small number of unscathed items were stored in a separate building which was not damaged.

First responders fighting the fire were hindered by a lack of water. Rio's fire chief said that two nearby fire hydrants had insufficient water, leaving firefighters to resort to pumping water from a nearby lake. According to a CEDAE (Rio de Janeiro's Water and Sewerage State Company) employee, although the hydrants did have water, the water pressure was very low because the building is on top of a hill, making them unusable. Brazilian President Michel Temer said that the loss due to the fire was "incalculable."
T. V. Ramakrishnan
Tiruppattur Venkatachalamurti Ramakrishnan FRS (born 14 August 1941) is an Indian theoretical physicist renowned for his contributions to condensed matter physics. He served as the DAE Homi Bhabha Chair Professor in the Department of Physics at Banaras Hindu University (BHU) from 2003 to 2008 and has been an Emeritus Professor there since 2006. He is also a Distinguished Associate at the Centre for Condensed Matter Theory, Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore.

Phase transition
In physics, chemistry and biology, a phase transition (or phase change) is the physical process of transition between one state of a medium and another. Commonly the term is used to refer to changes among the basic states of matter: solid, liquid, and gas, and in rare cases, plasma. A phase of a thermodynamic system and the states of matter have uniform physical properties. During a phase transition of a given medium, certain properties of the medium change as a result of the change of external conditions, such as temperature or pressure. This can be a discontinuous change; for example, a liquid may become gas upon heating to its boiling point, resulting in an abrupt change in volume. The identification of the external conditions at which a transformation occurs defines the phase transition point.
Drimoleague
Drimoleague (historically Drumdalege, Irish: Droim Dhá Liag, meaning 'ridge of two stones') is a village on the R586 road at its junction with the R593 in County Cork, Ireland. It lies roughly halfway between the towns of Dunmanway and Bantry, within the civil parish of Dromdaleague. As of the 2022 census of Ireland, Drimoleague had 486 residents.

Bantry
Bantry (Irish: Beanntraí, meaning '(place of) Beann's people') is a town in the civil parish of Kilmocomoge in the barony of Bantry on the southwest coast of County Cork, Ireland. It lies in West Cork at the head of Bantry Bay, a deep-water gulf extending for 30 km (19 mi) to the west. The Beara Peninsula is to the northwest, with Sheep's Head peninsula to the southwest.

The focus of the town is a large square, formed partly by infilling of the shallow inner harbour. In former times, this accommodated regular cattle fairs; after modernising as an urban plaza, it now features a weekly market and occasional public functions. Two piers protect the harbour.

Bantry is in the Dáil constituency of Cork South-West.
Anna Stembridge
Anna Stembridge (born 8 February 1981), originally known as Anna Mayes, is a former netball player and coach. Between 2011 and 2015, Mayes served as head coach of England. She was head coach when England won the 2011 World Netball Series. It was the first time England won a major tournament. She was also England head coach at the 2014 Commonwealth Games. 
Between 2015 and 2022, she served as head coach of Team Bath. As a player, she represented Wales at the 2002 and 2006 Commonwealth Games and at the 2003 and 2007 World Netball Championships. During the Super Cup era, Mayes played for Team Bath and during the early Netball Superleague era she played for Celtic Dragons.

2022 Netball Superleague season
The 2022 Netball Superleague season was the seventeenth season of the Netball Superleague, the elite domestic netball competition in the United Kingdom. Loughborough Lightning were the defending champions, as they won the 2021 season. The season began on 5 February, and ended with the grand final on 5 June.

Manchester Thunder were the first team to qualify for the finals series, after they secured their place on 17 April. Loughborough Lightning qualified for the final series on 2 May. London Pulse qualified for the final series on 14 May. Team Bath were the final team to qualify for the final series, doing so on 21 May. The semi-finals took place on 3 June, with Manchester Thunder and Loughborough Lightning advancing to the grand final. Manchester Thunder beat Loughborough Lightning 60–53 in the final to win the competition, completing an unbeaten season and winning their fourth Superleague title.
Orbient
Orbient, known in Japan as Orbital, is a puzzle video game developed by Skip Ltd. and published by Nintendo for the Wii's WiiWare digital distribution service. It is one of twelve games in the Art Style series of video games available for WiiWare and DSiWare. It is a remake of a Japan-only Game Boy Advance video game titled Orbital, released for the bit Generations series of video games.

The objective of Orbient is to control a white star which grows larger by absorbing blue stars and collecting smaller gray stars to form orbiting satellites.

While the original bit Generations version was met with mixed reactions, the WiiWare version of Orbient was very well-received, holding an average score of 82.3% and 82/100 from GameRankings and Metacritic respectively.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
Do You Like Horny Bunnies?
Ecchi na Bani-san wa Kirai? (Japanese: エッチなバニーさんは嫌い?; "You Don't Hate Sexy Bunnies, Right?" localised as Do You Like Horny Bunnies?) is a bishōjo game developed by ZyX and released by G-Collections in 2001.

The game is a multi-scenario eroge. The main character is 18-year-old Yukari Fujisawa, a feminine-looking Japanese boy who has never had sex. He starts working as a waiter in a membership restaurant, Platinum, where all the female employees wear Playboy bunny suits. Soon he finds out that the other wait staff, including his own cousin Sae Ishigami, have unusual sexual tendencies.

A sequel, Do You Like Horny Bunnies? 2, which is set in another branch of Platinum with cameos from the original's characters, was also released in 2002.

Eroge
An eroge (エロゲー, erogē, pronounced [eɾoɡe(ː)]), also called an H-game (エッチゲーム, ecchi game), is a Japanese genre of erotic video game. The term encompasses a wide variety of Japanese games containing erotic content across multiple genres. The first eroge were created in the 1980s, and many well-known companies in the Japanese gaming industry originally produced and distributed them. Some eroge are primarily focused on erotic content, while others, such as Key's Kanon, only contain occasional scenes in an otherwise non-erotic work. Games in the latter category are often re-released with sexual content removed for general audiences. Throughout its history, the genre has faced controversy for its use of explicit sexual content, and as a result has been banned from several console platforms.
Tegallalang
Tegallalang is a district in the Gianyar Regency, Bali, Indonesia. As of the 2010 census, the area was 61.80 km2 and the population was 50,625; the latest official estimate (as at mid 2019) is 53,760.
Located around 10 km north of Ubud, its terraced rice fields are a tourist attraction in the area.

Ubud
Ubud (Balinese: ᬉᬩᬸᬤ᭄) is a town in the Gianyar Regency of Bali, Indonesia. Ubud has no status; that is part of the eponymous Ubud District of Gianyar. Promoted as an arts and culture centre, Ubud has developed a large tourism industry. It forms a northern part of the Greater Denpasar metropolitan area (known as Sarbagita).

Ubud is an administrative district (kecamatan) with a population of 74,800 (as of the 2020 Census) in an area of 42.38 km2. The central area of Ubud desa (village) has a population of 11,971 and an area of 6.76 km2, and receives more than three million foreign tourists each year. The area surrounding the town is made up of farms, rice paddies, agroforestry plantations, and tourist accommodations. As of 2018, more tourists visited Ubud than Denpasar to the south.
Q'asiri (Larecaja)
Q'asiri (Aymara for bawler, Hispanicized spellings Casiri, Kasiri) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia, about 5,828 m (19,121 ft) high. It is located in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Sorata Municipality. It is situated south-east of the mountain Janq'u Uma, north-west of the mountains Qalsata and Ch'iyar Juqhu and north-east of San Francisco Lake.

The rivers Jisk'a Q'asiri ("little Q'asiri", Jiska Khasiri) and Jach'a Q'asiri ("big Q'asiri", Jacha Khasiri) originate on the west side of the mountain. They flow to San Francisco Lake.

Chearoco
Chearoco, Chiaraco or Chiaroco (all possibly from Aymara ch'iyara black, juqhu muddy place) is a mountain in the Cordillera Real in the Andes of Bolivia. It has a height of about 6,127 m (20,102 ft). It is situated in the La Paz Department, Larecaja Province, Guanay Municipality, southeast of the peak of Aman Pata. Chearoco lies between Qalsata in the northwest and Chachakumani in the southeast.

The Aymara name of the mountain correlates with the names of the nearby area (Chiar Jokho) and the river Ch'iyar Juqhu (Chiar Jokho, Chiar Joko) which originates near the mountain.
2019 FAMAS Awards
The 67th Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences (FAMAS) Awards was an awarding ceremony given by the Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences (FAMAS), an organization composed of prize-winning writers and movie columnists, giving recognition to the Philippine mainstream and independent films, actors, actresses, directors and production staffs for their achievements in the year 2018.

The awards night was held at the Meralco Theater, Pasig, Metro Manila on Sunday, April 28, 2019.

The film Gusto Kita With All My Hypothalamus garnered the most wins with three including Best Picture and Best Director. Nadine Lustre took home the Best Actress award for the film Never Not Love You, while Eddie Garcia and Victor Neri shared the Best Actor trophy for their respective films: ML and A Short History Of A Few Bad Things.

FAMAS Award for Best Picture
The FAMAS Award for Best Picture is one of the FAMAS Awards, awards given to people working in the motion picture industry by the Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences Award, which are voted on by Palanca Award-winning writers and movie columnists, writers and people in the film industry (directors, actors, producers, technicians, crew etc.). The Best Picture FAMAS has always been considered the most important and top prize, and has been awarded by Filipino Academy of Movie Arts and Sciences ever since the first ceremony in 1953.

The FAMAS Award winner for Best Picture is usually the most prestigious selection of the best Filipino motion picture of the year. The FAMAS Best Pictures are held in high regard as the FAMAS is the equivalent of the Academy Awards in the Philippines.
McCandless, Pennsylvania
McCandless is a township with home rule status in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. The population was 29,709 at the 2020 census. It is a suburb in the North Hills of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area.

McCandless is part of the North Allegheny School District and participates in the multi-municipality Northland Public Library. Because of its home rule status, McCandless no longer operates under the First Class Township Code, but it is classified as a first-class township for certain purposes. Although the municipality goes by "Town of McCandless", apart from one exception, a "town" is not a municipal unit in Pennsylvania.

Greater Pittsburgh
Greater Pittsburgh is the metropolitan area surrounding the city of Pittsburgh in Western Pennsylvania, United States. The region includes Allegheny County,  Pittsburgh's urban core county and economic hub, and seven adjacent Pennsylvania counties: Armstrong, Beaver, Butler, Fayette, Lawrence, Washington, and Westmoreland in Western Pennsylvania, which constitutes the Pittsburgh, PA Metropolitan Statistical Area MSA as defined by the U.S. Office of Management and Budget.

As of the 2020 census, the Greater Pittsburgh region had a population of over 2.45 million people. Pittsburgh, the region's core city, has a population of 302,971, the second-largest in the state after Philadelphia. Over half of the region's population resides within Allegheny County, which has a population of 1.24 million and is the state's second-largest county after Philadelphia County.
ADC Airlines Flight 086
ADC Airlines Flight 086 (ADK086)  was a Nigerian domestic flight operated by ADC Airlines from Port Harcourt to Lagos. On the afternoon of 7 November 1996, the crew of the Boeing 727-231 operating the flight lost control of the aircraft while avoiding a mid-air collision on approach; the aircraft crashed inverted at a very high speed into a lagoon, killing all 144 passengers and crew on board. The crash remains as the fourth deadliest plane crash in Nigerian history after Dana Air Flight 0992, the 1992 Nigerian Air Force C-130 crash, and the 1973 Kano Nigeria Airways Boeing 707 crash.

Investigators determined that the primary cause of the accident was due to air traffic control error, the pilot's decision to continue his turn to a certain heading and his erroneous maneuver in evading from an incoming traffic, which ultimately led to the loss of control of the aircraft.

1973 Kano Nigeria Airways Boeing 707 crash
On 22 January 1973, a Nigeria Airways Boeing 707 crashed at Kano International Airport while attempting to land in high winds. The crash killed 176 passengers and crew. There were 26 survivors. The crash remains the deadliest aviation disaster ever in Nigeria.
SM City Dasmariñas
SM City Dasmariñas is a large shopping mall owned by SM Prime Holdings. It is the second SM Supermall to be opened in Cavite, Philippines. It is located along kilometer 35, Governor's Drive, Sampaloc 1, Dasmariñas, Cavite. It has a land area of 12.7 hectares (31 acres) and a total gross floor area of 201,645 m2 (2,170,490 sq ft), making it the largest shopping mall in the province surpassing its sister mall, SM City Bacoor and currently holds the title as the 7th largest SM Supermall built by the company.

The mall attracts a daily pedestrian count of 400,000 during weekends and 150,000 during weekdays , making it one of the most profitable and successful SM Supermalls built and operated by the leading mall developer.

Cavite
Cavite, officially the Province of Cavite (Tagalog: Lalawigan ng Kabite;  Chavacano: Provincia de Cavite; Filipino: Lalawigan ng Cavite), is a province of the Philippines located in the Calabarzon region. Situated in the southern shores of Manila Bay,  it is one of the most industrialized and fastest-growing provinces in the Philippines.

The province holds major historical significance, with most of the Philippine Revolution taking place in several areas of Cavite. The revolution ultimately led to the renouncement Spanish colonial control, culminating in the Philippine Declaration of Independence on June 12, 1898 in the town of Kawit. The old provincial capital, Cavite City, also hosted docks for the Manila galleon, becoming an essential part of commerce between Asia and Latin America at the time.
Digicel
Digicel is a Jamaican-based Caribbean mobile phone network and home entertainment provider operating in 25 markets worldwide.

Digicel has operated in several countries, including Guyana, Fiji, Haiti, Trinidad and Tobago, Samoa, St. Lucia, Suriname, and Jamaica.  In 2024 a group of U.S. private equity firms took over control of the company as part of debt restructuring.

Telstra
Telstra Group Limited is an Australian telecommunications company that builds and operates telecommunications networks and markets related products and services. It is a member of the S&P/ASX 20 stock index, and is Australia's largest telecommunications company by market share. As of June 2025, Telstra CEO Vicky Brady joined the board of the BCA (Business Council of Australia), one of Australia's most influential gas lobby groups.

Telstra has a long history in Australia, originating together with Australia Post as the Postmaster-General's Department upon federation in 1901. Telstra had transitioned from a state-owned enterprise to a fully privatised company by 2006.