hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bangladesh Military Academy
Bangladesh Military Academy (BMA) is a military service academy for the training of officer cadets of the Bangladesh Army. It is located in Bhatiary, Sitakunda Upazila, in the Chittagong District of south-eastern Bangladesh.

Officer cadet
Officer cadet is a rank held by military personnel during their training to become commissioned officers.  In the United Kingdom, the rank is also used by personnel of University Service Units such as the University Officers' Training Corps.

The term officer trainee is used interchangeably in some countries.
Margaret Ewing
Margaret Anne Ewing (née McAdam, formerly Bain; 1 September 1945 – 21 March 2006) was a Scottish politician and journalist. She served as a Scottish National Party (SNP) Member of Parliament for East Dunbartonshire from 1974 to 1979 and Moray from 1987 to 2001, and was the Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP) for Moray from 1999 until 2006.

Ewing was Deputy Leader of the Scottish National Party from 1984 to 1987 and leader of the SNP parliamentary group in the House of Commons from 1987 to 1999. She was a candidate for the SNP leadership in 1990.

Member of the Scottish Parliament
Member of the Scottish Parliament (MSP; Scottish Gaelic: Ball Pàrlamaid na h-Alba, BPA; Scots: Memmer o the Scots Pairliament, MSP) is the title given to any one of the 129 individuals elected to serve in the Scottish Parliament.
Izhemsky District
Izhemsky District (Russian: Иже́мский райо́н; Komi: Изьва район, Iźva rajon) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twelve in the Komi Republic, Russia. It is located in the north of the republic. The area of the district is 18,420 square kilometers (7,110 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Izhma. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 18,771, with the population of Izhma accounting for 20.0% of that number.

Komi Republic
The Komi Republic (Russian: Республика Коми; Komi: Коми Республика), sometimes simply referred to as Komi, is a republic of Russia situated in the northeast of European Russia. Its capital is the city of Syktyvkar.

The population of the republic  at the 2021 census was 737,853, down from 901,189 at the 2010 census.
Yun Qi
Yun Qi (贠奇, born December 7, 1995) is a Bantamweight Chinese Sanda kickboxer who has fought in Wu Lin Feng, K-1, Krush, and Glory of Heroes. He has notable wins over the likes of Kosuke Komiyama, Masahiro Yamamoto, and Sergio Wielzen.

Wu Lin Feng
Wu Lin Feng (simplified Chinese: 武林风; traditional Chinese: 武林風; pinyin: wǔlín fēng), also known as WLF, is a martial arts competition televised by Henan Television. It is the longest running martial arts program in China.

Since 2007 the competition has become more international in nature, bringing in more challengers from other countries and filming bouts abroad, including in Germany, New Zealand and in the United States. Participants have included K-1 fighters, mixed martial arts professionals, Muay Thai fighters and wushu and sanda practitioners. In 2013, it was ranked among the top 100 most viewed satellite and cable television programs in China.

It has a partnership with Golden Fighter Championship (GFC) of Romania since 2017.
Brewster (unit)
The brewster (B) is a non-SI unit used to measure the susceptibility of a material to photoelasticity, or the value of the stress-optic coefficient of the material. The unit has dimensions reciprocal to those of stress. One brewster is defined to be equal to  square metres per newton (m2/N or 1/Pa) or  square centimetres per dyne (cm2/dyn). The unit is named after David Brewster, who discovered stress-induced birefringence in 1816.

Square metre
The square metre (international spelling as used by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures) or square meter (American spelling) is the unit of area in the International System of Units (SI) with symbol m2. It is the area of a square with sides one metre in length.

Adding and subtracting SI prefixes creates multiples and submultiples; however, as the unit is exponentiated, the quantities grow exponentially by the corresponding power of 10. For example, 1 kilometre is 103 (one thousand) times the length of 1 metre, but 1 square kilometre is (103)2 (106, one million) times the area of 1 square metre, and 1 cubic kilometre is (103)3 (109, one billion) cubic metres.

Its inverse is the reciprocal square metre (m−2), often called "per square metre".
Lotus Foods
Lotus Foods is a Richmond, California, based company that focuses on importing handcrafted rice from small family farms to the United States. The company was founded in 1995 by Caryl Levine and Kenneth Lee. Their first and most popular product is a black rice called Forbidden Rice.

Black rice
Black rice, also known as purple rice or forbidden rice, is a type of rice of the species Oryza sativa, some of which are glutinous rice.

There are several varieties of black rice, including Indonesian black rice, Philippine heirloom balatinaw black rice, pirurutong black glutinous rice, and Thai jasmine black rice. It is also known as chak-hao in Manipur, India and as "kavuni arisi" or "kavuni rice" in Tamil Nadu, India.

The bran hull (outermost layer) of black rice contains one of the highest levels of anthocyanin pigment found in food. The grain has a similar amount of fiber to brown rice and like brown rice, has a mild, nutty taste.

Black rice has a deep black color and usually turns deep purple when cooked. Its dark purple color is primarily due to its anthocyanin content, which is higher by weight than that of other colored grains. It is suitable for creating porridge, dessert, traditional Chinese black rice cake, bread, and noodles.
United States v Cotroni
United States v Cotroni [1989] 1 S.C.R. 1469 was a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on extradition and freedom of movement under section 6 of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. The Court found that extradition violates section 6 but is a justified infringement under section 1 of the Charter. The case was decided with United States v El Zein.

Canada v Schmidt
Canada v Schmidt, [1987] 1 S.C.R. 500, is a decision by the Supreme Court of Canada on the applicability of fundamental justice under the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms on extradition.  While fundamental justice in Canada included a variety of legal protections, the Court found that in considering the punishments one might face when extradited to another country, only those that "shock the conscience" would breach fundamental justice.
Musa Zondi
Keith Muntuwenkosi "Musa" Zondi (born 19 February 1960) is a South African politician who has been KwaZulu-Natal's Member of the Executive Council for  Economic Development, Tourism and Environmental Affairs since 2024. A member of the Inkatha Freedom Party, he was sworn in as a member of the KwaZulu-Natal Legislature in October 2023. Previously, he served as Deputy Minister of Public Works from 2001 to 2004. He represented KwaZulu-Natal in the National Council of Provinces from 1994 to 1999 and in the National Assembly from 1999 to 2012. He served as the party's secretary-general and was widely touted as a possible successor to IFP president Mangosuthu Buthelezi before he resigned from his party office and legislative seat in February 2012.

KwaZulu-Natal Legislature
The KwaZulu-Natal Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal. It is unicameral in its composition and elects the premier and the provincial cabinet from among the leading party or coalition members in the parliament. Thami Ntuli of the Inkatha Freedom Party was elected Premier of KwaZulu-Natal at the first sitting of the provincial legislature on 14 June 2024.
Big Brother Naija season 3
Big Brother Naija Season 3, also known as Big Brother Naija: Double Wahala is the third season of the Nigerian version of the reality show Big Brother. Produced by South Africa's Red Pepper Pictures and it was launched on 28 January 2018 on DStv channel 198 which also served as a live feed form the house. Ex-housemate Ebuka Obi-Uchendu from season one as the host. This season ended on 22 April 2018, having run for 12 weeks (85 days).

Miracle Ikechukwu Igbokwe was the winner of this season.

Ebuka Obi-Uchendu
Chukwuebuka Obi-Uchendu // ⓘ (born 14 July 1982) is a Nigerian media personality. He is known for hosting the reality show Big Brother Naija (also known as BBNaija), the talk show Rubbin' Minds on Channels TV as well as co-hosting The Spot and Men's Corner on Ebonylife television. He is an ambassador for Budweiser Nigeria, Samsung Nigeria, and 2Sure Nigeria.

Obi-Uchendu has received several award nominations and won the award for Outstanding TV Presenter of the Year at the Nigerian Broadcasters Merit Awards for his work on Rubbin' Minds.
Incognito Tour
Incognito Tour was the third concert tour by the Canadian singer Celine Dion, who embarked on it to support her eighth studio album, Incognito (1987). The tour began on 11 January 1988 in Rouyn-Noranda, Canada, and concluded on 11 July 1989, in Quebec City, Canada. It encompassed over 80 shows and visited 27 cities in the provinces of Quebec and Ontario in Canada. A special date was held in Lausanne, Switzerland during the Eurovision Song Contest 1989 week.

Rouyn-Noranda
Rouyn-Noranda (French pronunciation: [ʁwɛ̃ nɔʁɑ̃da]; 2021 population 42,313) is a city on Osisko Lake in the Abitibi-Témiscamingue region of Quebec, Canada.

The city of Rouyn-Noranda is  coextensive with a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of Quebec of the same name. Their geographical code is 86.
2 + 2 = ?
"2 + 2 = ?" is a single from The Bob Seger System on their debut album Ramblin' Gamblin' Man, released in January 1968, on Capitol Records. It is an anti-Vietnam War song. The title is a reference to 2+2=5 from 1984 by George Orwell.

Ramblin' Gamblin' Man
Ramblin' Gamblin' Man is the first studio album by American rock band the Bob Seger System, released in 1969. The original title was Tales of Lucy Blue, hence the cover art. In the liner notes, Bob Seger says (sarcastically) he later realized Lucy Blue was "Ramblin' Gamblin' Man", and so changed the title of the album. He then thanks "Doctor Fine" for this realization. (Doctor Fine being the person who made Seger change the album's name.) The original cover design for the album featured the nude figure from Botticelli's The Birth of Venus, but this too was changed for the final release.

The title track was also performed on Bob Seger and the Silver Bullet Band's live album Live Bullet.
Amsterdam–Gloversville–Johnstown Jags
The Amsterdam–Gloversville–Johnstown Jags was a primary moniker of the minor league baseball teams representing the cities of Amsterdam, New York, Gloversville, New York and Johnstown, New York between 1890 and 1908. The Amsterdam and Amsterdam–Gloversville–Johnstown teams played as members of the New York State League in 1894 and 1895 and from 1902 to 1908.

Baseball Hall of Fame member Jack Chesbro pitched for the 1895 Johnstown Buckskins.

The teams hosted minor league home games at JAG Park in Gloversville, New York and at Guy Park in Amsterdam, New York.

New York State League (1885–1917)
The New York State League was a minor league baseball league that played between 1885 and 1917. The league began play as an Independent level league before playing from 1902 to 1917 as a Class B level league. League franchises were based in New York and Pennsylvania. John H. Farrell served as president of the league from 1897 to 1917.
A Case of You (horse)
A Case of You (foaled 27 March 2018) is an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse. He showed high class form as a two-year-old in 2020 when he won two of his three races included the Group 3 Anglesey Stakes. In the following year he improved to become a leading sprinter, winning the Lacken Stakes and running second in the Flying Five Stakes before taking the Group 1 Prix de l'Abbaye. He won the Al Quoz Sprint in 2022.

Anglesey Stakes
The Anglesey Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Ireland open to two-year-old thoroughbreds. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 6 furlongs and 63 yards (1,265 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July.
Herbert E. Kaufman
Herbert Edward Kaufman (September 28, 1931) is an American ophthalmologist who discovered idoxuridine, the first clinically useful antiviral agent; co-developed with William Bourne the clinical specular microscope to view the live corneal endothelium, co-developed timolol with Thomas Zimmerman, a new class of medications to treat glaucoma; corneal storage media for eye banks; natamycin, the first commercially available medication to treat fungal infections of the eye; co-developed with Tony Gasset the use of bandage contact lenses; and was involved in the first laser vision photorefractive keratectomy of the eye with Marguerite McDonald.

Eye bank
Eye banks recover, prepare and deliver donated eyes for cornea transplants and research.  The first successful cornea transplant was performed in 1905 and the first eye bank was founded in 1944.  Currently, in the United States, eye banks provide tissue for over 80,000 cornea transplants each year to treat conditions such as keratoconus and corneal scarring.  In some cases, the white of the eye (sclera) is used to surgically repair recipient eyes. Unlike other organs and tissues, corneas are in adequate supply for transplants in the United States, and excess tissue is exported internationally, where there are shortages in many countries, due to greater demand and a less-developed eye banking infrastructure.
National Geographic Field Guide to Birds of North America
National Geographic Field Guide to Birds of North America is a reference book and field guide to birds of the United States and Canada. The first edition was published 1983 by the National Geographic Society. There have subsequently been seven additional editions. The book contains information on the identification, geographic distribution, habitat preference, and vocalizations. Each species account is presented on the left, while respective illustrations are adjacently on the right page.

Field guide
A field guide is a book designed to help the reader identify wildlife (flora or fauna or funga) or other objects of natural occurrence (e.g. rocks and minerals). It is generally designed to be brought into the "field" or local area where such objects exist to help distinguish between similar objects. Field guides are often designed to help users distinguish animals and plants that may be similar in appearance but are not necessarily closely related.

It will typically include a description of the objects covered, together with paintings or photographs and an index. More serious and scientific field identification books, including those intended for students, will probably include identification keys to assist with identification, but the publicly accessible field guide is more often a browsable picture guide organized by family, colour, shape, location or other descriptors.
Chance (Manfred Mann's Earth Band album)
Chance is Manfred Mann's Earth Band's tenth album, released in 1980. The album cover art was an adaptation of Danish artist Ole Kortzau's poster "Strandstole" (deck chairs). The album marked the temporary return of guitarist and founding member Mick Rogers to the band. John Lingwood replaced drummer Geoff Britton, who left due to illness. It is also the last album that bassist Pat King appeared on. Although Chris Thompson only appeared as a guest vocalist (having officially left the band after Angel Station), he was onboard again for the accompanying tour.

Mick Rogers (musician)
Mick Rogers (born Michael Oldroyd; 20 September 1946) is an English rock guitarist, singer and songwriter, chiefly known for his time with Manfred Mann's Earth Band from 1971 to 1975 and again since 1984. Rogers was the original lead vocalist of the band until his departure; after his return, he became a backing and occasional lead vocalist.

Excluding the group's titular leader, Rogers is the longest serving member of Manfred Mann's Earth Band.
Zvezda (ISS module)
Zvezda, also known as the Zvezda Service Module, is a module of the International Space Station (ISS). It was the third module launched to the station, and provided all of the station's life support systems, some of which are supplemented in the US Orbital Segment (USOS), as well as living quarters for two crew members. It is the structural and functional center of the Russian Orbital Segment (ROS), which is the Russian part of the ISS. Crew assemble here to deal with emergencies on the station.

The module was manufactured in the USSR by Energia, with major sub-contracting work by GKNPTs Khrunichev. Zvezda was launched on a Proton launch vehicle on 12 July 2000, and docked with the Zarya module on 26 July 2000 at 01:45 UTC. It is a descendant of the Salyut programme's.

US Orbital Segment
The US Orbital Segment (USOS) is the name given to the components of the International Space Station (ISS) constructed and operated by the United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), European Space Agency (ESA), Canadian Space Agency (CSA) and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA). The segment consists of eleven pressurized components and various external elements, almost all of which were delivered by the Space Shuttle.

The segment is monitored and controlled from various mission control centers around the world including Johnson Space Center in Houston, Texas, Columbus Control Centre in Oberpfaffenhofen, Germany and Tsukuba Space Center in Tsukuba, Japan. However, it depends on the Russian Orbital Segment for essential flight control, orbital station-keeping and life support systems.
Vålerenga Fotball Damer
Vålerenga Fotball Damer is the women's football branch of Vålerenga Fotball. Based in Oslo, the team plays in Norway's top league,  Toppserien.

The team first won promotion to Toppserien in 2011 after earning promotion from the First Division. This made Vålerenga the third Norwegian club with both a men's team and a women's team in the top-tier league, and the first club to have its own women's team win promotion to Toppserien, as the two other clubs, Stabæk Fotball and Lillestrøm SK, inherited another club's women's team.

In 2020, the club made record by winning the Toppserien and the NM Kvinner, their first major titles after finishing runners-up at the previous editions.

Vålerenga Fotball
Vålerenga Fotball (Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈvôːɽɛŋɑ] ⓘ) is a Norwegian professional football club from Oslo, and a part of the multi-sport club Vålerengens IF. The club currently competes in the Eliteserien after being promoted from the Norwegian First Division in 2024. Founded in 1913, the club is named after the neighbourhood of Vålerenga. Vålerenga's home ground is Intility Arena, located in Valle-Hovin. Vålerenga are five-time league champions and four-time Norwegian Football Cup champions, having last won the league in 2005 and the cup in 2008. Vålerenga is generally considered to be the largest football club in Oslo, and they are known for their loyal supporters.
Ugi reaction
In organic chemistry, the Ugi reaction is a multi-component reaction involving a ketone or aldehyde, an amine, an isocyanide and a carboxylic acid to form a bis-amide.
The reaction is named after Ivar Karl Ugi, who  first reported this reaction in 1959.

The Ugi reaction is exothermic and usually complete within minutes of adding the isocyanide. High concentration (0.5M - 2.0M) of reactants give the highest yields. Polar, aprotic solvents, like DMF, work well. However, methanol and ethanol have also been used successfully. This uncatalyzed reaction has an inherent high atom economy as only a molecule of water is lost, and the chemical yield in general is high. Several reviews have been published.

Due to the reaction products being potential protein mimetics there have been many attempts to development an enantioselective Ugi reaction, the first successful report of which was in 2018.

Carboxylic acid
In organic chemistry, a carboxylic acid is an organic acid that contains a carboxyl group (−C(=O)−OH) attached to an R-group. The general formula of a carboxylic acid is often written as R−COOH or R−CO2H, sometimes as R−C(O)OH with R referring to an organyl group (e.g., alkyl, alkenyl, aryl), or hydrogen, or other groups. Carboxylic acids occur widely. Important examples include the amino acids and fatty acids. Deprotonation of a carboxylic acid gives a carboxylate anion.
Hiroshi Inose
Hiroshi Inose FREng (猪瀬 博, Inose Hiroshi; January 5, 1927 – October 11, 2000) was a Japanese electrical engineer, known as the inventor of the Time-Slot Interchange system (TSI), which is basic to modern digital telephone switches. Inose was highly involved within his career. He held positions such as director general, chairman, associate professor, and president specific committees pertaining to engineering and technology. He was awarded with many honorific titles. In 1976 he received the Marconi Prize, in 1993 the Harold Pender Award, and in 1994 the IEEE Alexander Graham Bell Medal.

Time-slot interchange
A time-slot interchange (TSI) switch is a network switch that stores data in RAM in one sequence, and reads it out in a different sequence. It uses RAM, a small routing memory and a counter. Like any switch, it has input and output ports. The RAM stores the packets or other data that arrive via its input terminal.
Big River Way
Big River Way is a road in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales that connects the Pacific Highway to the city of Grafton. It runs along a former section of the Pacific Highway that was bypassed by a newer alignment in 2020.

Grafton, New South Wales
Grafton (Bundjalung: Gumbin Gir) is a city in the Northern Rivers region of the Australian state of New South Wales. It is located on the Clarence River, on a floodplain, approximately 620 kilometres (385 mi) by road north-northeast of the state capital Sydney.

The closest major cities, Brisbane and the Gold Coast, are located across the border in South East Queensland. At the 2021 census, Grafton had a population of 19,255. The city is the largest settlement and, with Maclean, the shared administrative centre of the Clarence Valley Council local government area, which is home to over 50,000 people in all.
Joel Murray (basketball)
Joel Murray (born November 23, 1999) is an American professional basketball player for Antwerp Giants of the BNXT League. He played college basketball for the West Texas A&M Buffaloes and Long Beach State Beach. He was named first-team All-Big West in 2022 before an injury in 2023 ended his final college season with Long Beach State prematurely. He joined the Mandurah Magic of the NBL1 West in Australia in 2024, where he was named the NBL1 West Most Valuable Player and led the team to the NBL1 West championship.

BNXT League
The BNXT League is a professional basketball league in Belgium and the Netherlands. The league is the first tier in both the Dutch and Belgian system, replacing the DBL and PBL. The inaugural season was the 2021–22 season, which started in September 2021.