hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fred T. Long
Fred Thomas "Pop" "Pops" "Big" Long (January 22, 1896 – March 23, 1966) was an American professional baseball player in the Negro leagues and a college football coach. He was the head football coach at four historically black colleges and universities in Texas between 1921 and 1965, compiling a career record of 224–145–31. He was the head coach at Wiley College in Marshall, Texas, for 35 years from 1923 to 1947 and again from 1956 to 1965. He led the Wiley Wildcats football team to three black college football national championships, in 1928, 1932, and 1945.

Black college football national championship
The Black college football national championship, also named the HBCU football championship, is a national championship honor that, since 1920, has been regularly bestowed upon the best college football teams among historically Black colleges and universities (HBCUs) within the United States. The 2025 HBCU football champions are the South Carolina State Bulldogs.
Dennis Sarfate
Dennis Scott Sarfate (born April 9, 1981) is an American former professional baseball pitcher. He played for the Milwaukee Brewers, Houston Astros, and Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB) and the Hiroshima Toyo Carp, Saitama Seibu Lions, and Fukuoka SoftBank Hawks of Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB). While an average reliever in MLB, Sarfate became one of the greatest closers in NPB history after moving his career overseas. Sarfate holds several NPB records, including most saves in a season and most by a foreign-born pitcher. As of 2020, his 234 career saves rank fifth-most in NPB history. He is a  3× NPB All-Star, a 3× Pacific League saves leader, a 5× Japan Series Champion, won the Japan Series Most Valuable Player Award, won the Pacific League MVP Award, and won the Matsutaro Shoriki Award.

Matsutaro Shoriki Award
Matsutaro Shoriki Award is named in honor of Matsutarō Shōriki, the owner of the Yomiuri Shimbun, whose achievements earned him the label of the real parent of present day Japanese professional baseball. The prize was founded in 1977.

It is presented to a person (a manager or player) who greatly contributed to the development of professional baseball. A gold medal and the prize of 5 million yen are awarded to the recipient. The prize money is provided by Yomiuri Shimbun and Nihon Television.
Music of Thailand
The music of Thailand includes a wide array of distinct genres, both traditional and modern.

Traditional Thai musical instruments are varied and reflect ancient influence from far afield – including the klong thap and khim (Persian origin), the chakhe (Indian origin), the klong chin (Chinese origin), and the klong khaek (Indonesian origin).

The two most popular styles of traditional Thai music are luk thung and mor lam. The latter in particular has close affinities with the music of Laos.

Aside from the Thai, ethnic minorities such as the Lao, Lawa, Hmong, Akha, Khmer, Lisu, Karen and Lahu peoples have retained traditional musical forms.

Though Thailand was never colonized by colonial powers, pop music and other forms of modern Asian, European and American music have become extremely influential.

Khim
The khim (Thai: ขิม [kʰǐm]; Lao: ຂິມ [kʰĭm]; Khmer: ឃឹម [kʰɨm])  is a stringed musical instrument derived from the Mesopotamian or Persian Santur. It is similar to the Hammered Dulcimer or Cimbalom. This khim was introduced to Thailand from China,: 60  where a similar (though, since the late 20th century, usually larger) instrument is called yangqin. It is played with two flexible bamboo sticks with soft leather at the tips to produce a soft tone. This instrument can be played by either sitting down on the floor with the khim on the floor, or by sitting on a chair or standing while the khim is on a stand. The khim produces a bright and expressive sound when played. It is made of wood, with brass strings that are laid across the instrument. The Australian-born musician and vocal artist Lisa Gerrard specialises in the use of a khim hammered dulcimer, featuring its music on several albums and performing with the instrument live on tour.
Augusto Silj
Augusto Silj J.U.D. (9 July 1846 – 27 February 1926) was a Cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church who served as Prefect of the Supreme Tribunal of the Apostolic Signatura. He was the cousin of Cardinal Secretary of State Pietro Gasparri (1852-1934).

Cardinal Secretary of State
The Secretary of State of His Holiness (Latin: Secretarius Status Sanctitatis Suae; Italian: Segretario di Stato di Sua Santità), also known as the Cardinal Secretary of State or the Vatican Secretary of State, presides over the Secretariat of State of the Holy See, the oldest and most important dicastery of the Roman Curia. The Secretariat of State performs all the political and diplomatic functions of the Holy See and Vatican City. The secretary of state is sometimes described as the prime minister of the Holy See, but the head of government of Vatican City is the President of the Governorate of Vatican City State.

Cardinal Pietro Parolin has served as secretary of state since 2013, nominated by Francis and temporarily confirmed also by Leo XIV in May 2025.
Caledonian Railway Single
Caledonian Railway Single No. 123 is a one-off preserved Scottish steam locomotive. The unique 4-2-2 was built by Neilson and Company in 1886, works No. 3553, as an exhibition locomotive. In 1914 it was placed on the Caledonian Railway duplicate list, and renumbered 1123. It entered London, Midland and Scottish Railway service in 1923 and the LMS renumbered it 14010 and gave it the power classification 1P. During the 1920s it was allocated to working the directors' saloon, but it was returned to ordinary service in 1930. The locomotive was withdrawn in 1935, by which time it was the last single-wheeled express engine running in Britain, and set aside for preservation.

This engine could reach speeds of up to 60 mph (97 km/h).

Restored to steam by British Railways in 1958, it ran railtours and enthusiast specials until the end of steam in Scotland.

LMS locomotive numbering and classification
A number of different numbering and classification schemes were used for the locomotives owned by the London, Midland and Scottish Railway (LMS) and its constituent companies.

The LMS, formed on 1 January 1923 from many smaller companies included the Caledonian Railway (CR), Furness Railway (FR), Glasgow and South Western Railway (GSWR), Highland Railway (HR), Lancashire and Yorkshire Railway (LYR), London and North Western Railway (LNWR), Maryport and Carlisle Railway (MCR), Midland Railway (MR), North London Railway (NLR) and North Staffordshire Railway (NSR) as well as the minor 
Cleator and Workington Junction Railway (C&WJR), Glasgow and Paisley Joint Railway (G&PJR), Knott End Railway (KER), Stratford-upon-Avon and Midland Junction Railway (S&MJR), and Wirral Railway (WR) and from October 1936 the Somerset and Dorset Joint Railway (S&DJR)

For information about individual classes and locomotives, see Locomotives of the London, Midland and Scottish Railway.
New Jersey Teamsterz FC
New Jersey Teamsterz FC (known as New Jersey Teamsters FC until 2021) is an American professional soccer club based in Bayonne, New Jersey that formerly played in the  plays in the United Premier Soccer League andNISA Nation. The club was announced as an expansion team for the 2022 National Independent Soccer Association season, though the team ultimately never played in the league.

United Premier Soccer League
The United Premier Soccer League (UPSL) is an American for-profit soccer league that was founded in Santa Ana in Southern California, with teams in regionalized conferences throughout the United States, and recently Canada and Mexico. The league was founded in 2011 by Santa Ana Winds President Leonel López as a regional league for teams in Greater Los Angeles, but expanded to include 400 teams from 41 states as of the 2022 season.

Two seasons are played each year, with regional play culminating in a playoff system that crowns a single national champion each season. The league features internal promotion and relegation with up to three levels in some regions; only clubs in the top tier Premier Division are eligible to compete for the national championship.

The league is a National Affiliate member of United States Soccer Federation, and a National League within the larger United States soccer league system.
Ireby and Uldale
Ireby and Uldale is a civil parish in the Cumberland district, in the ceremonial county of Cumbria, England. The parish includes Aughertree, High Ireby, Ireby, Longlands, Orthwaite, Ruthwaite and Uldale. The population, including neighbouring Bewaldeth and Snittlegarth at the 2011 Census was 458.

Part of the parish lies within the Skiddaw Group SSSI (Site of Special Scientific Interest).

Bewaldeth and Snittlegarth
Bewaldeth and Snittlegarth is a civil parish in Cumbria, England, historically part of Cumberland. It lies north of Bassenthwaite Lake, in the Lake District and near its northern edge.

According to the 2001 census it had a population of 40  who live in 1,534 acres (621 ha). At the 2011 Census it was measured that the population was still less than 100.

According to Bulmer's History & Directory Of Cumberland (1901); "Snittlegarth ... is supposed to have been formerly a village of considerable magnitude. The word "Snittlegarth" is thought to signify an enclosure".
Steven Mukwala
Steven Mukwala (born 15 July 1999) is a Ugandan professional footballer who currently plays as a striker for NBC premier league club Simba Sc, before joining them he was Asante Kotoko Sc player. He played Vipers SC and loaned at Maroons FC of Uganda Premier League.

Vipers SC
Vipers Sports Club is a Ugandan professional association football club based in Kitende, Wakiso District. It competes in the Uganda Premier League, the top flight of Ugandan football. The club was founded in 1969 as Bunamwaya FC. They are nicknamed "The Venoms."
2011 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final
The 2011 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final was a hurling match played on 10 July 2011 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh, Cork. It was contested by Tipperary and Waterford. The match pitted the 2010 All-Ireland Hurling Champions against the 2010 Munster Hurling Champions. For the first time ever, both Waterford's Senior and Minor hurling teams were making their third Munster Final appearance in a row. It was the first time the two teams had met in a Munster Senior Hurling Championship Final at Páirc Uí Chaoimh since the 2002 Munster Senior Hurling Championship final.

Tipperary won the game by a margin of 21 points, to claim their third Munster title in four years. It was the largest winning margin in a Munster Final since the 1982 decider between Cork and Waterford, and the first time since 1936 that one team managed to score at least 7 goals.

Waterford county hurling team
The Waterford county hurling team represents Waterford in hurling and is governed by Waterford GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Munster Senior Hurling Championship and the National Hurling League.

Waterford's home grounds are Walsh Park, Waterford, and Fraher Field, Dungarvan. The team's manager is Peter Queally.

The team last won the Munster Senior Championship in 2010, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 1959 and the National League in 2022.

The team is nicknamed the Déise men.
Bugak
Bugak (부각) is a variety of vegetarian twigim (deep-fried dish) in Korean cuisine. It is made by deep frying dried vegetables or seaweed coated with chapssal-pul (찹쌀풀; glutinous rice paste) and then drying them again. It is eaten as banchan (accompaniment to cooked rice) or anju (accompaniment to alcoholic beverages). Common ingredients are green chili peppers, perilla leaves, perilla inflorescence, camellia leaves, chrysanthemum leaves, burdock leaves, tree of heaven shoots, potatoes, gim (laver), and dasima (kelp). Vegetable oils such as perilla oil or soybean oil are typically used for frying.

Bugak is a relatively rare culinary technique in Korean cuisine, along with dasima twigak (튀각; deep fried vegetables without coating). It is often associated with Korean temple cuisine.

Arctium lappa
Arctium lappa, commonly called greater burdock, gobō (牛蒡/ゴボウ), edible burdock, lappa, beggar's buttons, thorny burr, or happy major is a Eurasian species of plants in the family Asteraceae.

It has become an invasive weed of high-nitrogen soils in North America, Australia, and other regions, but is cultivated for its vegetable root.
Australian cricket team in Australia in 1970–71
The 1970–71 Australians lost 2–0 to the touring England team in the 1970–71 Ashes series. Australia had not lost a home Test series since 1954–55, but had suffered a heavy 4–0 defeat in South Africa in 1969–70 which had affected their confidence. On paper they should have had a good team, and E.W. Swanton reckoned they were favourites to hold on to The Ashes, but Rod Marsh, Dennis Lillee and Greg Chappell had yet to mature and Bill Lawry, Garth McKenzie and John Gleeson were at the end of their careers. In more fortunate circumstances the senior players could have eased the newcomers into the team, but Ray Illingworth was a captain who exploited every weakness and they did not get the chance. Their cause was not helped by the selectors Sir Donald Bradman, Sam Loxton and Neil Harvey who chose nineteen different players in the series, nine of them debutants, and continuously chopped and changed the team which did not allow it to settle.

Ray Illingworth
Raymond Illingworth CBE (8 June 1932 – 25 December 2021) was an English cricketer, cricket commentator and administrator. He is one of only nine players to have taken 2,000 wickets and made 20,000 runs in first-class cricket.: 302  He played for Yorkshire (1951–1968 and 1982–1983), Leicestershire (1969–1978) and England (1958–1973) and was a Wisden Cricketer of the Year in 1960.
Comprehensive geriatric assessment
Comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) is a process used by healthcare practitioners to assess the status of older people who might have frailty in order to optimize their subsequent management.  These people often have complex, multiple and interdependent problems (multimorbidity) which make their care more challenging than in younger people, or those with just one medical problem. CGA is the core work of specialists in the care of older people, although many other health care practitioners either have not heard of it, or are not aware of what it actually is.

Older people who receive CGA upon admission to a hospital are more likely to be alive and be back in their own homes during their next follow-up.

Multimorbidity
Multimorbidity, also known as multiple long-term conditions (MLTC), means living with two or more chronic illnesses. For example, a person could have diabetes, heart disease and depression at the same time. Multimorbidity can have a significant impact on people's health and wellbeing. It also poses a complex challenge to healthcare systems which are traditionally focused on individual diseases. Multiple long-term conditions can affect people of any age, but they are more common in older age, affecting more than half of people over 65 years old.
Antares 2
Antares 2 (X-259) was an American solid rocket engine stage and engine built by Hercules/ABL / Thiokol. It was used from the mid-1960s to 1995, in the Scout and Strypi family of rockets, and on the Project FIRE Velocity Packages. It burned solid propellant – the stage was also the engine's fuel chamber - and was used about 96 times.

Strypi
Strypi is a family of US re-entry vehicle test boosters, anti-missile targets and sounding rockets. They use a Castor first stage with two Recruit strap-on boosters, plus a range of upper stages. It is 31 inches (79 centimeters) in diameter, and has a maximum flight height of 124 miles (200 kilometers).
Ranran Abdilla
Alnakran Abdilla (born April 22, 1992) is a Filipino beach and indoor volleyball player. During his collegiate years, he played for the De La Salle University – Dasmariñas men's volleyball team, and currently plays for the Philippine Air Force Air Spikers in the Spikers' Turf.

Spikers' Turf
Spikers' Turf is the top-level men's semi-professional volleyball league in the Philippines. The league was established in 2015 by Sports Vision Management Group, Inc., the same organization behind the women's Shakey's V-League and later the Premier Volleyball League.

The first running of Spikers' Turf lasted from 2015 to 2016 before it merged with the PVL in 2017 as its men's division. In 2018, it was spun off and the league was reestablished.

The Cignal Super Spikers were the defending champions, but has since been vacated after the team took a leave of absence in January 2026. With seven titles, Cignal is also the most successful team in the league. The Criss Cross King Crunchers are the only active team to win a championship.
Andriy Tsvik
Andriy Stepanovych Tsvik (Ukrainian: Андрій Степанович Цвік; born 9 February 1971) is a Ukrainian former footballer. After his retirement in 2005, since 2007 he worked as an assistant coach of FC Stal Alchevsk in the Ukrainian First League.

He started with the club in 1987 when it played in Luhansk Oblast Football Championship under name of Budivelnyk Alchevsk. Tsvik holds number of records such as the most matches played in the Ukrainian First League (Persha Liha). His 400th match in "Persha Liha" he played in 2004 when Stal was facing off Naftovyk Okhtyrka.

On 12 July 2000 Tsvik made his debut in the Ukrainian Premier League in the home game against Arsenal Kyiv when it was known as CSKA.

Ukrainian First League
The Persha Liha (Ukrainian: Перша ліга [ˈpɛrʃɐ ˈl⁽ʲ⁾iɦɐ]) or Ukrainian First League is a level of national football competitions (second tier) in Ukraine governed by the Professional Football League at the discretion of the Ukrainian Association of Football. Members of the league also participate in the Ukrainian Cup. The league is the intermediate level within the three-tiered "competition pyramid".
James Bond: The Authorized Biography of 007
James Bond: The Authorized Biography of 007 (laterJames Bond: The Authorised Biography) by John Pearson, is a fictional biography of James Bond, first published in 1973; Pearson also wrote the biography The Life of Ian Fleming (1966).

The Authorized Biography of 007 was not commissioned by Glidrose Publications. It originated as a spoof novel for publisher Sidgwick & Jackson. However, Pearson knew Peter Janson-Smith, the Glidrose chairman, who gave permission for the work to be published. Consequently, this is the only James Bond book from Glidrose, between 1953 and 1987, not first published by Jonathan Cape, additionally, it is the only Bond novel with a shared copyright credit; Pearson is the only Bond novelist so recognised.

Sidgwick & Jackson
Sidgwick & Jackson was an imprint of book publishing company Pan Macmillan. Formerly it was an independent publisher; as such, it was founded in Britain in 1908 by Frank Sidgwick (1879–1939) as chairman of directors and Robert Cameron Jackson (1882–1917) as company secretary. The firm was funded by Lord Forte.

It was best known as a publisher of literary fiction and some academic non-fiction. Early authors included poet Rupert Brooke and novelist E.M. Forster. In more recent times it helped launch the careers of Lynda La Plante, Shirley Conran and Judith Krantz.

Pan Macmillan acquired the company from Trusthouse Forte in the mid-1980s. It was dissolved in 2015.

The managing director from 1968 to 1995 was William Armstrong; the company and Armstrong were said to have encouraged individuality and entrepreneurship among staff. Armstrong was also the father of the singer Dido.

Their archives from 1903 to 1966 are held by the Bodleian Library, Oxford.
Director string
In mathematics, in the area of lambda calculus and computation, directors or director strings are a mechanism for keeping track of the free variables in a term.  Loosely speaking, they can be understood as a kind of memoization for free variables; that is, as an optimization technique for rapidly locating the free variables in a term algebra or in a lambda expression. Director strings were introduced by Kennaway and Sleep in 1982 and further developed by Sinot, Fernández and Mackie as a mechanism for understanding and controlling the computational complexity cost of beta reduction.

Explicit substitution
In computer science, lambda calculi are said to have explicit substitutions if they pay special attention to the formalization of the process of substitution. This is in contrast to the standard lambda calculus where substitutions are performed by beta reductions in an implicit manner which is not expressed within the calculus; the "freshness" conditions in such implicit calculi are a notorious source of errors. The concept has appeared in a large number of published papers in quite different fields, such as in abstract machines, predicate logic, and symbolic computation.
Golden State (train)
The Golden State was a named passenger train between Chicago and Los Angeles from 1902–1968 on the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad (“Rock Island”) and the Southern Pacific Company (SP) and predecessors.  It was named for California, the “Golden State”.

The Golden State route was relatively low-altitude, crossing the Continental Divide at about 4,600 feet (1,400 m) near Lordsburg, New Mexico, although the highest elevation en route was over 6,600 ft (2,000 m) near Corona, New Mexico. Other transcontinental routes reached elevations of more than 7,000 feet (2,100 m) in the Santa Fe railway near Flagstaff, Arizona, and Union Pacific near Sherman, Wyoming. At 2340 miles it was one of the longest continuous passenger railroad routes in the United States, to be exceeded by the SP's Imperial and by  Amtrak's pre-2005 Sunset Limited.

Rocky Mountain Rocket
The Rocky Mountain Rocket was a streamlined passenger train of the Chicago, Rock Island and Pacific Railroad. Rock Island's train numbers 7 and 8 ran between Chicago's LaSalle Street Station and Denver's Union Station and Colorado Springs, Colorado. The Rocky Mountain Rocket ran from 1939 to 1966; the train was discontinued prior to the creation of Amtrak in 1971.
No. 79 Wing RAAF
No. 79 Wing was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) wing of World War II. It was formed in December 1943 at Batchelor, Northern Territory, as part of North-Western Area Command. Led by Group Captain Charles Eaton, the wing comprised four squadrons on its establishment, flying Beaufort and B-25 Mitchell bombers and Beaufighter heavy fighters. No. 79 Wing took part in the New Guinea and North-Western Area Campaigns during 1944–45, eventually transferring to Balikpapan in the Dutch East Indies as the Allies advanced northward. By the end of the Pacific War, the wing was attached to the Australian First Tactical Air Force and was made up of Nos. 2 and 18 (Netherlands East Indies) Squadrons, both flying Mitchells. The latter transferred to the Netherlands Air Force in late 1945, while the former returned to Australia where it disbanded the following year. No. 79 Headquarters itself disbanded in October 1945, soon after the end of hostilities.

Batchelor, Northern Territory
Batchelor is a town in the Northern Territory, Australia. The town is the current seat and largest town of the Coomalie Shire local government area. It is located 98 kilometres (61 mi) south of the territory capital, Darwin.

The first inhabitants and traditional owners of the land surrounding the town are the Warrai and Kungarakany peoples.

In the 2016 census, Batchelor recorded a population of 507 people, with 36% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander origin.