hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Information transfer
In telecommunications, information transfer is the process of moving messages containing user information from a source to a sink via a communication channel. In this sense, information transfer is equivalent to data transmission which highlights more practical, technical aspects.

The information transfer rate may or may not be equal to the transmission modulation rate.

Bidirectional information transfer is called information exchange.

Bit rate
In telecommunications and computing, bit rate (bitrate or as a variable R) is the number of bits that are conveyed or processed per unit of time.

The bit rate is expressed in the unit bit per second (symbol: bit/s), often in conjunction with an SI prefix such as kilo (1 kbit/s = 1,000 bit/s), mega (1 Mbit/s = 1,000 kbit/s), giga (1 Gbit/s = 1,000 Mbit/s) or tera (1 Tbit/s = 1,000 Gbit/s). The non-standard abbreviation bps is often used to replace the standard symbol bit/s, so that, for example, 1 Mbps is used to mean one million bits per second.

In most computing and digital communication environments, one byte per second (symbol: B/s) corresponds to 8 bit/s (1 byte = 8 bits).  However if stop bits, start bits, and parity bits need to be factored in, a higher number of bits per second will be required to achieve a throughput of the same number of bytes.
Step climb
A step climb in aviation is a series of altitude gains that improve fuel economy by moving into thinner air as an aircraft becomes lighter and becomes capable of flying in the thinner air at a higher altitude.

Flight level
In aviation, a flight level (FL) is an aircraft's altitude as determined by a pressure altimeter using the International Standard Atmosphere. It is expressed in hundreds of feet or metres. The altimeter setting used is the ISA sea level pressure of 1013 hPa or 29.92 inHg. The actual surface pressure will vary from this at different locations and times. Therefore, by using a standard pressure setting, every aircraft has the same altimeter setting, and vertical clearance can be maintained during cruise flight.
Hamsterdam
"Hamsterdam" (called "Amsterdam" in some releases) is the 29th episode of the American crime drama The Wire, also the fourth episode of the show's third season. The episode was written by George Pelecanos from a story by David Simon & George Pelecanos and was directed by Ernest Dickerson. It debuted on October 10, 2004, on HBO in the U.S. The plot focuses on Baltimore Police struggling to surveil crime boss Stringer Bell and attempting to limit drug dealing to select streets, while Tommy Carcetti launches his campaign for Mayor of Baltimore.

On its premiere, the episode attracted nearly 1.45 million viewers, with positive reviews by The Guardian, HitFix, and the San Jose Mercury News.

Clay Davis
R. Clayton "Clay" Davis is a fictional character on the HBO drama The Wire, played by actor Isiah Whitlock Jr. Davis is a corrupt Maryland State Senator with a reputation for pocketing bribes. However, throughout the series Davis remains protected by other ranking politicians and Baltimore Police Commissioner Ervin Burrell.

Davis is known for his idiosyncratic profanity, often when confronted with bad news, comically elongating the word shit as sheeeeeeeee-it.
2009 FIBA Africa Under-16 Championship for Women
The 2009 FIBA Africa Under-16 Championship for Women (alternatively the Afrobasket U16) was the 1st U-16 FIBA Africa championship for women, played under the auspices of the Fédération Internationale de Basketball, the basketball sport governing body and qualified for the 2010 World Cup. The tournament was held from August 30–September 5 in Bamako, Mali, contested by 8 national teams and won by Mali.

The tournament qualified the winner for the 2010 U17 World Women's Championship.

FIBA U16 Women's AfroBasket
The FIBA U16 Women's AfroBasket, previously known as the FIBA U16 Women's African Championship or FIBA Africa Under-16 Championship for Women, is a biennial international youth basketball competition organized by FIBA Africa, where under-16 women's national teams participate.

The tournament also serves as a qualification for the FIBA Under-17 Women's World Cup, where the top two teams qualify.
Phonological history of English consonants
This article describes those aspects of the phonological history of English which concern consonants. The phonological history of English consonants involves major shifts from Old English to Modern English, characterized by cluster simplifications, palatalization, voicing changes, and loss of sounds. Influences from Old Norse and also from French introduced new sounds, while internal processes like assimilation and lenition streamlined the system, eventually creating the contemporary consonant inventory of English.

Cockney
Cockney is a dialect of the English language mainly spoken in London, particularly by Londoners from working-class and lower-middle-class families. The term Cockney is also used as a demonym for a person from the East End, or, traditionally, born within earshot of Bow Bells.

Estuary English is an intermediate accent between Cockney and Received Pronunciation, also widely spoken in and around London, as well as in wider South East England. In multicultural areas of London, the Cockney dialect is, to an extent, being replaced by Multicultural London English—a new form of speech with significant Cockney influence.
Connecticut Yankee Council
The Connecticut Yankee Council of Scouting America is located in Milford, Connecticut. It is council #072 and serves 37 towns and cities in Connecticut, including Fairfield, New Haven, and parts of Hartford counties. The present council was formed in 1998 by the merger of Quinnipiac Council (#074) and Fairfield County Council (#068).Owaneco Lodge is the Order of the Arrow lodge that serves this council.

Darien, Connecticut
Darien (/ˌdɛəriˈæn/ DAIR-ee-AN) is a coastal town in Fairfield County, Connecticut, United States. It is the smallest town on Connecticut's Gold Coast.

Situated on the Long Island Sound between the cities of Stamford and Norwalk, Darien is a commuter town for New York City. There are two railroad stations in Darien, Noroton Heights and Darien, linking the town to Grand Central Terminal.
Burud
Burud is a village in Øvre Eiker municipality in Buskerud, Norway.
Burud is located on the western bank of Drammenselva, 75 kilometers from Oslo.   It had a train station (Burud stasjon) which dated to 1875 on the Randsfjordbanen between Hokksund and Skotselv. This building was demolished in 1988. The station was downgraded to stop downloading tracks  with passenger traffic closed down in 2001.

Øvre Eiker
Øvre Eiker is a municipality in Buskerud county, Norway. It is part of the traditional region of Eiker.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Hokksund.  The old municipality of Eiker was divided into Øvre Eiker (upper Eiker) and Nedre Eiker (lower) on 1 July 1885.

As of 2015, more employees worked for the [municipal] government and in the service sector, than in any other field of employment; even fewer—16 %—are employed in construction or in [electrical] power companies and water companies; [13%] work in the manufacturing sector.
KYAL-FM
KYAL-FM (97.1 FM, "The Sports Animal") is a commercial radio station licensed to Muskogee, Oklahoma, and serving the Tulsa metropolitan area. It is owned by Stephens Media Group, and it simulcasts a sports radio format with sister station KYAL 1550 AM. The stations have Oklahoma-based sports shows on weekdays and they air the syndicated The Paul Finebaum Show in the evening.  Nights and weekends, KYAL-AM-FM carry ESPN Radio.  The studios are at the CityPlex Towers in South Tulsa.

KYAL-FM has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, the maximum for most FM stations in the U.S.  The transmitter tower is off East 1110 Road in the Shady Grove area of Muskogee.

Muskogee, Oklahoma
Muskogee (/məˈskoʊɡiː/) is the 13th-largest city in Oklahoma and is the county seat of Muskogee County.  It lies approximately 48 miles (77 km) southeast of Tulsa. The population of the city was 36,878 as of the 2020 census, a 6.0% decrease from 39,223 in 2010.
MYL7
Atrial Light Chain-2 (ALC-2) also known as Myosin regulatory light chain 2, atrial isoform (MLC2a) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MYL7 gene. ALC-2 expression is restricted to cardiac muscle atria in healthy individuals, where it functions to modulate cardiac development and contractility. In human diseases, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, dilated cardiomyopathy, ischemic cardiomyopathy and others, ALC-2 expression is altered.

Mitral regurgitation
Mitral regurgitation (MR), also known as mitral insufficiency or mitral incompetence, is a form of valvular heart disease in which the mitral valve is insufficient and does not close properly when the heart pumps out blood. It is the abnormal leaking of blood backwards – regurgitation from the left ventricle, through the mitral valve, into the left atrium, when the left ventricle contracts. Mitral regurgitation is the most common form of valvular heart disease.
Black Creek, Wisconsin
Black Creek is a village in north-central Outagamie County, Wisconsin, United States. The population was 1,357 at the 2020 census. The village is located within the Town of Black Creek, but is governed independently.
Origins of the community trace back to 1862 when it was settled by American Civil War veteran, Thomas J. Burdick and his son, Abraham. Initially, the village had been referred to as Middleburg, due to its geographical proximity to Green Bay, Shawano, and Appleton. However, the name was later changed to "Black Creek" to reflect the dark-colored creek along the outskirts of the community with village incorporation in 1904. 
Today, Black Creek hosts a variety of community events including the annual Family Daze celebration.

Wisconsin Highway 47
State Trunk Highway 47 (often called Highway 47, STH-47 or WIS 47) is a 188.01-mile (302.57 km) state highway in the northeastern and northern parts of the US state of Wisconsin that runs in a diagonal northwest–southeast from  Menasha to Manitowish.
Matsumae Town Historical Museum
Matsumae Town Historical Museum (松前町郷土資料館, Matsumae-chō Kyōdo Shiryōkan) opened in Matsumae, Hokkaidō, Japan in 1975. The display documents the area's geology and natural history alongside displays related to the histories of the Ainu and of the Matsumae Domain.

Matsumae, Hokkaido
Matsumae (松前町, Matsumae-chō) is a town located in Oshima Subprefecture, Hokkaido, Japan. The former home of the Matsumae Han, it has an Edo period castle, Matsumae Castle, the only one in Hokkaido, and Ryūun-in.

The total area of the town is 293.11 square kilometres (113.17 sq mi).
2019–20 Zamalek SC (handball)
The 2019–20 season is the 62nd season in the club history of the handball branch of Zamalek, the season began with African Handball Super Cup on 4 April 2019, as Zamalek competes for the Egyptian Handball League, Egypt Handball Cup and IHF Super Globe, African Handball Champions League.

Egyptian Handball League
The Egyptian Handball League  is the premier professional handball league in Egypt. It was founded in 1958. The league, which is played under CAHB rules, currently consists of 18 teams, including famous ones like Zamalek SC, Al Ahly SC, Sporting, Gezira SC and Smouha SC. The Egyptian Handball League was overseen by EHF.
Religious Studies Center
The Religious Studies Center (RSC) at Brigham Young University (BYU) sponsors and publishes scholarship on the culture, history, scripture, and doctrine of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church).

Deseret Book Company
Deseret Book (/ˌdɛzəˈrɛt/ ⓘ) is an American publishing company headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah, that also operates a chain of 38 bookstores throughout the United States which includes: Arizona, California, Colorado, Idaho, Nevada, Oregon, South Carolina, Texas, Utah, Washington.  It is a wholly owned subsidiary of Deseret Management Corporation (DMC), the holding company for business firms owned by the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). Deseret Book is a for-profit corporation registered in Utah. Deseret Book publishes under four imprints with media ranging from works explaining Latter-day Saint theology and doctrine, fiction, electronic resources, and sound recordings such, as The Tabernacle Choir at Temple Square albums.
Sony TV8-301
The TV8-301 was a small black-and-white television made by Sony. It is notable for being the world's first non-projection type all-transistor television. It had an eight-inch screen. It was also portable, having a bay in the back for two 6-volt lead–acid batteries. It was priced high, as it was innovative in many ways, so, to the average consumer it was something of a luxury item and not a practical buy. Additionally, this television was rather prone to malfunction, which led to it being called Sony's "frail little baby". Released on the market in 1960, it was discontinued in 1962.

Rear-projection television
Rear-projection television (RPTV) is a type of large-screen television display technology. Until approximately 2006, most of the relatively affordable consumer large screen TVs up to 100 inches (250 cm) used rear-projection technology. A variation is a video projector, using similar technology, which projects onto a screen.

Three types of projection systems are used in projection TVs. CRT rear-projection TVs were the earliest, and while they were the first to exceed 40 in (100 cm), they were also bulky and the picture was unclear at close range. Newer technologies include DLP (reflective micromirror chip), LCD projectors, Laser TV and LCoS. They are capable of displaying high-definition video up to 1080p resolution, and examples include Sony's SXRD (Silicon X-tal Reflective Display), JVC's D-ILA (Digital Direct Drive Image Light Amplifier) and MicroDisplay Corporation's Liquid Fidelity.
Slum Dwellers International
Slum/Shack Dwellers International (SDI), is a global social movement of the urban poor that started in 1996. It forms a network of community-based organisations in more than 30 countries across  Africa, Asia, Latin America and the Caribbean.

The SDI secretariat is located in Cape Town, South Africa. The current chairperson is Joseph Muturi. Most of SDI's members are poor urban households squatting on the edge of cities in order to access employment possibilities and SDI aims to ensure that the needs of its members are integrated and not marginalised by city administrations.

SDI distributes community-generated data on cities and slums through the 'Know Your City' campaign, which is run in association with United Cities and Local Governments and Cities Alliance.

Skoll Foundation
The Skoll Foundation is an American private foundation based in Palo Alto, California. The foundation makes grants and investments intended to reduce global poverty. It was founded by Jeffrey Skoll in 1999. The total assets of the foundation (including its affiliated funds) amount to $1.127 billion as of 2018. The combined entities made grants totaling about $71 million in 2018 (and disbursements of $56 million), based on unaudited numbers reported by the foundation. According to the most recent audited financial statements, the non-grant expenses for the foundation totaled around $17 million in 2018.
Film title design
Film title design is a term describing the craft and design of motion picture title sequences. Since the beginning of the film form, it has been important to motion picture. Originally a motionless piece of artwork called title art, it slowly evolved into an artform of its own.

A main title designer is the designer of the movie title. It has often been classified as motion graphics, title design, title sequences and animated credits. The title sequence is often presented through animated visuals and kinetic type while the credits are introduced on screen.

Motion picture credits
Two types of credits are traditionally used in films, television programs, and video games, all of which provide attribution to the staff involved in their productions. While opening credits will usually display only the major positions in a production's cast and crew (such as creators, producers, and lead actors), closing credits will typically acknowledge all staff members that were involved in the production.
Flight square
In chess, a flight square or escape square is a safe square to which a piece, especially a king, can move if it is threatened.

Providing one's piece with flight squares can prevent the opponent from winning material or delivering checkmate. For example, in the Morphy Defence, the white c-pawn may be advanced to provide White's light-squared bishop with a flight square. Conversely, it is possible to take away an enemy piece's flight squares, known as domination.

Checkmate
Checkmate (often shortened to mate) is any game position in chess and other chess-like games in which a player's king is in check (threatened with capture) and there is no possible escape. Checkmating the opponent wins the game.

In chess, the king is never actually captured. The player loses as soon as their king is checkmated. In formal games, it is usually considered good etiquette to resign an inevitably lost game before being checkmated.

If a player is not in check but has no legal moves, then it is stalemate, and the game immediately ends in a draw. A checkmating move is recorded in algebraic notation using the hash symbol "#", for example: 34.Qg3#.
Shergoldana
Shergoldana is an extinct genus of fossil bilaterian worm-like organisms. It is described as having common features with Nemathelminthes, with a possible relation to an adult kinorhynch or to the larval stage of a palaeoscolecid worm. It has been described as the first occurrence of a free living Cycloneuralian from the Cambrian period.

Palaeoscolecid
The palaeoscolecids are a group of extinct ecdysozoan worms resembling armoured priapulids. They are known from the Lower Cambrian to the lower Ludfordian (late Silurian); they are mainly found as disarticulated sclerites, but are also preserved in many of the Cambrian lagerstätten. They take their name from the typifying genus Palaeoscolex.
Other genera include Cricocosmia from the Lower Cambrian Chengjiang biota. Their taxonomic affinities within Ecdysozoa have been the subject of debate.
Bartholomew Lane
Bartholomew Lane, in the City of London, runs between the junction of Lothbury and Throgmorton Street in the north to Threadneedle Street in the south. The lane is bordered on its western side by the Bank of England.

The lane is associated with the auctioneer George Robins, whose premises The Auction Mart stood opposite the rotunda of the Bank.

The church of St Bartholomew-by-the-Exchange stood on the eastern side on the corner with Threadneedle Street until it was destroyed in the Great Fire of 1666. It was rebuilt by the office of Sir Christopher Wren and demolished in 1840.

Lothbury
Lothbury is a short street in the City of London. It runs east–west with traffic flow in both directions, between Gresham Street's junction with Old Jewry and Coleman Street to the west, and Bartholomew Lane's junction with Throgmorton Street to the east.
Sveti Trije Kralji, Radlje ob Dravi
Sveti Trije Kralji (pronounced [ˈsʋeːti ˈtɾiːjɛ ˈkɾaːlji]) is a dispersed settlement in the hills northwest of Radlje ob Dravi in Slovenia, right on the border with Austria.

The settlement gets its name from the local church, dedicated to the Magi (Slovene: Sveti Trije Kralji). It belongs to the Parish of Radlje and was built in 1732.

Radlje ob Dravi
Radlje ob Dravi (pronounced [ˈɾaːdljɛ ɔb ˈdɾaːʋi], in older sources Marbeg, German: Mahrenberg) is a town in the Municipality of Radlje ob Dravi in northeastern Slovenia. It is the seat of the municipality. The settlement lies on a terrace on the left bank of the Drava River.
Symbolic Grand Lodge of Spain
The Symbolic Grand Lodge of Spain (Gran Logia Simbólica Española as per Spanish) is one of the main grand obediences (federations of several masonic lodges) in Spain. It is one of a group of obediences included in CLIPSAS, and can be defined as a mixed or egalitarian, liberal and non-dogmatic Grand Lodge.

Freemasonry in Portugal
The first known Freemasons in Portugal were the Swiss John Coustos and two other Portuguese members of his lodge, who were arrested by the Portuguese Inquisition and questioned under torture in the 1740s. Coustos wrote a book detailing his sufferings under the Inquisition and pointed to 1728 as being the year of the first Lodge, although nothing is known of the first years of this Lodge and it was not then recognised by the Grand Lodge of England.  Today there are several Masonic Obediences in Portugal.
Florence Matomela
Florence Matomela OLG (1910–1969) was a South African anti-pass law activist, communist, civil rights campaigner, ANC veteran, teacher and mother who dedicated her life to fighting against Apartheid laws in South Africa. Matomela was the provincial organiser of the African National Congress Women's League (ANCWL) and vice-president of the Federation of South African Women (FEDSAW) in the mid 1950s.

Order of Luthuli
The Order of Luthuli is a South African honour. It was instituted on 30 November 2003 and is awarded by the President of South Africa for contributions to the struggle for democracy, human rights, nation-building, justice, or peace and conflict resolution.

The order is named after former African National Congress leader Chief Albert Luthuli, who was South Africa's first Nobel Peace Prize winner.
Jeholosauridae
Jeholosauridae is an extinct group of herbivorous neornithischian dinosaurs from the Cretaceous Period (Aptian - Cenomanian). The family was first proposed by Han et al. in 2012. The jeholosaurids were defined as all neornithischians more closely related to Jeholosaurus shangyuanensis than to Hypsilophodon foxii, Iguanodon bernissartensis, Protoceratops andrewsi, Pachycephalosaurus wyomingensis, or Thescelosaurus neglectus. The Jeholosauridae includes the type genus Jeholosaurus, and also possibly Yueosaurus, Changchunsaurus, and Haya.

The cladogram below results from analysis by Herne et al., 2019, which added Changchunsaurus and Haya  to Jeholosauridae, but moved Yueosaurus to the sister family Thescelosauridae.

Neornithischia
Neornithischia ("new ornithischians") is a clade of the dinosaur order Ornithischia.  It is the sister group of the Thyreophora within the clade Genasauria. Neornithischians are united by having a thicker layer of asymmetrical enamel on the inside of their lower teeth. The teeth wore unevenly with chewing and developed sharp ridges that allowed neornithischians to break down tougher plant food than other dinosaurs.

Neornithischians include a variety of basal forms historically known as "hypsilophodonts", including the Thescelosauridae. As these taxa do not all form a monophyletic clade, the term 'small-bodied early diverging ornithischian' (SBEDO) has been used to refer to these as a collective group. In addition, there are derived forms classified in the groups Marginocephalia and Ornithopoda. The former includes clades Pachycephalosauria and Ceratopsia, while the latter typically includes Hypsilophodon and the more derived Iguanodontia.