hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
36th (Eastern) Signal Regiment
36 (Eastern) Signal Regiment (36 Signal Regt) was a Territorial Army (TA) signal unit of the British Army's Royal Corps of Signals (RCS).  The regiment was formed following the formation of the TAVR in 1967, and was disbanded in 2009 following a reorganisation in the RCS.  Though not disbanded, the regiment continues its lineage as a squadron, with its own former squadrons forming troops within said squadron.

Royal Corps of Signals
The Royal Corps of Signals (often simply known as the Royal Signals – abbreviated to R SIGNALS) is one of the combat support arms of the British Army. Signals units are among the first into action, providing the battlefield communications and information systems essential to all operations. Royal Signals units provide the full telecommunications infrastructure for the Army wherever they operate in the world. The Corps has its own engineers, logistics experts and systems operators to run radio and area networks in the field. It is responsible for installing, maintaining and operating all types of telecommunications equipment and information systems, providing command support to commanders and their headquarters, and conducting electronic warfare against enemy communications.
Copyright status of genetic sequences
The copyright status of genetic sequences is a subject of debate among companies, legal scholars, and policymakers. The growth of the synthetic biology field in recent decades has sparked interest in the idea of copyright as an alternative to patent protection for artificially created DNA sequences. Arguments for extending copyright to engineered DNA sequences rest on their biological role as an information storage medium and analogies to computer programs, which in many countries are copyrightable as "literary works".

DNA digital data storage
DNA digital data storage is the process of encoding and decoding binary data to and from synthesized strands of DNA.

While DNA as a storage medium has enormous potential because of its high storage density, its practical use is currently severely limited because of its high cost and very slow read and write times.

In June 2019, scientists reported that all 16 GB of text from the English Wikipedia had been encoded into synthetic DNA. In 2021, scientists reported that a custom DNA data writer had been developed that was capable of writing data into DNA at 1 Mbps.
Claris Home Page
Claris Home Page was one of the earliest true WYSIWYG HTML editors, developed from 1994 on. The project was code-named Loma Prieta. Claris purchased it from San Andreas Systems, reworked it to use the user interface common to all their products, and released it in 1996.

FileMaker
FileMaker is a cross-platform relational database application developed by Claris International, a subsidiary of Apple. It integrates a database engine with a graphical user interface (GUI) and security features, allowing users to visually modify a database. Versions for desktops, servers, iOS, and web-delivery have been released.

The desktop app is based on a DOS application originally named FileMaker, which was then developed primarily for the Apple Macintosh and released in April 1985. It was rebranded as FileMaker Pro in 1990. Since 1992 it has been available for Microsoft Windows and for the classic Mac OS and macOS, and has cross-platform capabilities.

FileMaker Go, the mobile app, was released for iOS devices in July 2010.

FileMaker Server allows centralized hosting of apps which can be used on both the desktop and mobile apps. A cloud variant, named FileMaker Cloud, is hosted by Claris.
Deepali Dutta
Deepali Dutta (1929 – 15 September 2010) was an Indian psychiatrist from Assam and a pioneering figure in psychiatric medicine in Northeast India. She served as the President of the Indian Psychiatric Society. Dutta held key academic and administrative roles in medical education in Assam. She served as the Principal of Guwahati Medical College, Assam Medical College and Silchar Medical College and was the only woman to have served as Principal of Guwahati Medical College. She also held the post of Director of Medical Education, Assam.

Gauhati Medical College and Hospital
The Gauhati Medical College and Hospital, the second medical college to be established in Assam, is a health care institution. It provides medical education at Undergraduate, Postgraduate and Superspecialty level.
Brian Smedley
Sir Frank Brian Smedley (28 November 1934 – 6 April 2007) was a High Court judge in the Queen's Bench Division from 1995 to 2000.  As a circuit judge, he took charge of the prosecution of the Matrix Churchill trial in 1992.

High Court judge (England and Wales)
A justice of the High Court, commonly known as a High Court judge, is a judge of the High Court of Justice of England and Wales, and represents the third-highest level of judge in the courts of England and Wales. High Court judges are referred to as puisne justices and wear red and black robes.

High Court judges do not include the ex officio judges of the High Court, such as the heads of the divisions. High Court judges rank below justices of appeal, but above circuit judges.
Dance Band
Dance Band is a 1935 British musical film directed by Marcel Varnel and starring Charles "Buddy" Rogers, June Clyde and Steven Geray. It was shot at Welwyn Studios with sets designed by the art director David Rawnsley.

Charles "Buddy" Rogers
Charles Edward "Buddy" Rogers (August 13, 1904 – April 21, 1999) was an American film actor and musician. During the peak of his popularity in the late 1920s and early 1930s, he was publicized as "America's Boyfriend".
1993 Waldbaum's Hamlet Cup
The 1993 Waldbaum's Hamlet Cup was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 13th edition of the event known that year as the Waldbaum's Hamlet Cup, and was part of the World Series of the 1993 ATP Tour. It took place at the Hamlet Golf and Country Club in Commack, Long Island, New York, United States, from August 23 through August 29, 1993.

The singles line up featured ATP No. 3, reigning US Open champion, Australian Open runner-up, Madrid winner Stefan Edberg, Wimbledon semifinalist, Doha, Milan titlist Boris Becker, and French Open, Monte Carlo, Gstaad, Prague champion Sergi Bruguera. Other seeds were Hamburg, Stuttgart, Queen's Club, Basel winner Michael Stich, Cincinnati, Jakarta and Osaka titlist Michael Chang, Petr Korda, Goran Ivanišević and Alexander Volkov.

Unseeded Marc Rosset won the singles title.

Michael Chang
Michael Te-pei Chang (born February 22, 1972) is an American former professional tennis player and coach. He was ranked world No. 2 by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in 1996. Chang is the youngest man in history to win a singles major, winning the 1989 French Open at 17 years and 109 days old. He won a total of 34 ATP Tour-level singles titles, including seven Masters titles, and was a three-time major runner-up.

Chang was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 2008. He coached Kei Nishikori from 2014 to 2025, and currently coaches Learner Tien.
Abu Hassan Omar
Abu Hassan bin Omar (Jawi: أبو حسن بن عمر; 15 September 1940 – 8 September 2018) was a Malaysian politician from United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), a major component party of Barisan Nasional (BN) coalition. He was the 12th Menteri Besar (Chief Minister) of Selangor, Malaysia, from 1997 to 2000. Previously he was also the Minister of Social Welfare (1984–1986), Minister of Federal Territories (1986–1987), Minister of Foreign Affairs (1987–1992) and Minister of Domestic Trade and Consumer Affairs (1992–1997). He was also a former Member of Parliament for Kuala Selangor (1978–1997) and Selangor state assemblyman for Permatang (1997–2004) in Selangor.

Ministry of Federal Territories (Malaysia)
The Ministry of Federal Territories (Malay: Kementerian Wilayah Persekutuan; Jawi: كمنترين ولايه ڤرسكوتوان‎), abbreviated KWP, was a ministry and is now a department under the Prime Minister's Department of the Government of Malaysia that is in charge of overseeing the administration and development of all three Federal Territories in Malaysia; Kuala Lumpur, Labuan and Putrajaya.

It is based in Putrajaya with Adnan Md Ikshan as the Secretary-General.
Mehfil
Mehfil or mahfil (Urdu: محفل), alternatively known as Bazm (Urdu: بزم) is a formal venue where indoor recreational activities such as poetic symposiums (mushaira), singing, music, and dance are entertained in parts of the Indian subcontinent. It is part of Ganga-Jamuni tehzeeb culture.

Historically, mehfils were presented in the homes or palaces of Muslim royalty or noblemen, who acted as these artists' patrons. Mehfils are also an integral part of the Hyderabadi Muslim community, and used as a way of unity among them, all around the world.

Today they are generally held in the homes of especially avid music lovers or the lovers of poetry-recitation gatherings. Ghazals are a common genre performed at mehfils.  Ghazal recitation gatherings are called 'Mehfil-e-Mushaira' in the Urdu language.

Mushaira
Mushaira (Urdu: مشاعرہ, romanized: mušā'ira) is a traditional Urdu poetry gathering in which poets publicly recite their work, often engaging in forms of improvisation and competitive performance. Mushairas, also known as mehfil or mushairi, have been a defining institution of Urdu literary culture in North India, Pakistan, and the Deccan, particularly among Hyderabadi Muslims. It is often regarded as a forum for free self-expression.
St Peter's Church, Ruthin
The Collegiate and Parochial Church of St Peter is the Anglican parish church of Ruthin, an ancient market town which lies within the Vale of Clwyd in Denbighshire, north east Wales. It is a greater church of the diocese of St Asaph and a Grade I listed building.

Vale of Clwyd
The Vale of Clwyd (Welsh: Dyffryn Clwyd) is a tract of low-lying ground in the county of Denbighshire in north-east Wales. The Vale extends south-southwestwards from the coast of the Irish Sea for some 20 miles (about 30 km) forming a triangle of low ground bounded on its eastern side by the well-defined scarp of the Clwydian Range and to the west by numerous low hills. The River Clwyd (Welsh: Afon Clwyd) which rises within Clocaenog Forest, southwest of Denbigh, runs the full length of the vale. It is joined by the two major left bank tributaries of the River Clywedog (Welsh: Afon Clywedog) and River Elwy (Welsh: Afon Elwy) and the smaller right bank tributary of the River Wheeler (Welsh: Afon Chwiler).
LambdaNative
LambdaNative is an open-source cross-platform development environment written on top of the Gambit-C Scheme implementation of the Scheme programming language, supporting the creation of native applications on a range of mobile, desktop and embedded platforms. The underlying Scheme programming language has a long tradition of use in theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence and rapid program development.

Gambit (Scheme implementation)
Gambit, also called Gambit-C, is a programming language, a variant of the language family Lisp, and its variants named Scheme. The Gambit implementation consists of a Scheme interpreter, and a compiler which compiles Scheme into the language C, which makes it cross-platform software. It conforms to the standards R4RS, R5RS, and Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), and to several Scheme Requests for Implementations (SRFIs). Gambit was released first in 1988, and Gambit-C (Gambit with a C backend) was released first in 1994. They are free and open-source software released under a GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) 2.1, and Apache License 2.0.

By compiling to an intermediate representation, in this case portable C (as do Chicken, Bigloo and Cyclone), programs written in Gambit can be compiled for common popular operating systems such as Linux, macOS, other Unix-like systems, and Windows.
Montée Saint-Clair-Duport
The Montée Saint-Clair-Duport is a former street in the 5th arrondissement of Lyon, France, located between the Quai Fulchiron and the Rue de la Quarantaine near the Saint-Laurent de Choulans basilica. It took its name from Clair-Dominique-Eugène Duport and existed for less than a century before it was closed in 1967 with the construction of the Fourvière tunnel.

The remains of the Saint-Laurent basilica, now visible on the Quai Fulchiron, and an impressive necropolis dating back to the Franco-Burgundian period were discovered under the road in the 1940s.

Necropolis
A necropolis (pl.: necropolises, necropoles, necropoleis, necropoli) is a large, designed cemetery with elaborate tomb monuments. The name stems from the Ancient Greek νεκρόπολις nekropolis (lit. 'city of the dead').

The term usually implies a separate burial site at a distance from a city, as opposed to tombs within cities, which were common in various places and periods of history. They are different from grave fields, which did not have structures or markers above the ground. While the word is most commonly used for ancient sites, the name was revived in the early 19th century and applied to planned city cemeteries, such as the Glasgow Necropolis.
Ramandeep Singh (medical scientist)
Ramandeep Singh is an Indian molecular biologist, geneticist and a professor at the Translational Health Science and Technology Institute. Known for his studies on the pathogenesis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, he is a former research fellow of the National Institutes of Health. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences, in 2014.

Department of Biotechnology
The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) is an Indian government department, under the Ministry of Science and Technology responsible for administrating development and commercialisation in the field of modern biology and biotechnology in India. It was set up in 1986.
Melody Rules
Melody Rules is a New Zealand sitcom created by Geoff Houtman and Mihera Paterson for TV3. It featured former Nightline host Belinda Todd as Melody, a hard-working sibling guardian surrounded by a gaggle of eccentric friends and family. The series was structured in a similar manner to an American sitcom, containing elements such as a laugh track and vaudeville-esque humour.

Although it ran for a total of 40 episodes over two seasons in 1995 and 1996/97, it was neither a critical nor commercial success. It has been named one of the worst sitcoms of all time.

Three (TV channel)
Three (stylised as +HR=E) is a New Zealand nationwide television channel. Launched on 26 November 1989 as TV3, it was New Zealand's first privately owned television channel. The channel currently broadcasts nationally (with regional advertising targeting four markets) in digital free-to-air form via the state-owned Kordia on terrestrial and satellite. It previously broadcast nationally on analogue television until that was switched off on 1 December 2013.

Three is a general entertainment channel formerly owned by Warner Bros. Discovery New Zealand, with a news element under the banner of ThreeNews. Three carries a significant amount of local content, most of which airs at prime-time. The channel has been owned by Sky Network Television from 1 August 2025.
Mute Wife
Mute Wife is a 1990 Taiwanese television drama series based on Chiung Yao's 1965 novelette of the same name. The drama stars Leanne Liu in the title role.

This is the second Taiwanese television series filmed completely in mainland China, after Wan-chun which is also based on a 1965 Chiung Yao novelette. The Mute Wife was broadcast on Chinese Television System right after Wan-chun, from March 15 to April 10. Both series are set in Republican era Beijing, and were filmed in both Beijing and Changsha.

Wan-chun
Wan-chun (or Wanjun) is a 1990 Taiwanese television series produced by Ping Hsin-tao and his company Yi Ren Communications Co. (怡人傳播公司) in conjunction with Chinese Television System, based on Chiung Yao's (Ping's wife) 1964 novellette Wan-chun's Three Loves, which is set in Republican era Beijing.

This is the first Taiwanese TV series filmed in mainland China, and as such suffered from red tape by Taiwan's Government Information Office. Despite receiving prior approval, the production was accused of "cooperating with Chinese communists", "receiving mainland funds", and "featuring mainland actors in excess" (even though most actors were from Taiwan). Chiung Yao refused to comply with censorship demands to delete scenes that "featured mainland actors in excess", and only after the interventions of politician Jaw Shaw-kong was the series allowed to air. (Chiung Yao and Ping Hsin-tao's company was however fined for several violations.)
From Vegas to Macau III
From Vegas to Macau III (賭城風雲III) is a 2016 Hong Kong action comedy film directed by Andrew Lau and Wong Jing and starring Chow Yun-fat, Andy Lau, Nick Cheung and Li Yuchun, with special appearances by Jacky Cheung and Carina Lau. The film is the third and final installment of the From Vegas to Macau series and entire of God of Gamblers franchise. The film was released on 6 February 2016 in Hong Kong and on 8 February 2016 in China.

From Vegas to Macau
From Vegas to Macau (Chinese: 賭城風雲), also known as The Man From Macau (Chinese: 澳門風雲), is a 2014 crime comedy film directed by Wong Jing. A Hong Kong-Chinese co-production, the film stars Chow Yun-fat, Nicholas Tse, Chapman To and Jing Tian. The film was released during 2014 Chinese New Year.

A sequel titled From Vegas to Macau II was released on February 19, 2015.
The Calling (2014 film)
The Calling is a 2014 Canadian crime thriller film adapted from the 2008 novel of the same name by Michael Redhill (published under the pen name Inger Ash Wolfe). The film stars Susan Sarandon, Gil Bellows, Ellen Burstyn, Topher Grace, Donald Sutherland, and Christopher Heyerdahl.

Christopher Heyerdahl
Christopher Heyerdahl (born September 18, 1963) is a Canadian actor who portrayed Alastair in Supernatural, the Wraith Todd in Stargate Atlantis, Sam in Van Helsing, "Swede" in Hell on Wheels, Bigfoot and John Druitt in Sanctuary, and Marcus in The Twilight Saga.
Dead or Alive Paradise
Dead or Alive Paradise is a 2010 video game developed by Project Venus and published by Tecmo Koei for the PlayStation Portable as part of the Dead or Alive series. It is a PSP port of Dead or Alive Xtreme 2 for the Xbox 360, expanding upon the activities available in the original which consisted of mainly beach-related minigames.

It was the first game in the series to be released for the portable game system, as well as the first release from the series since the departure of series' creator Tomonobu Itagaki. The game was met with mostly mixed-to-negative critical reception.

Tomonobu Itagaki
Tomonobu Itagaki (板垣 伴信, Itagaki Tomonobu; April 1, 1967 – c. October 2025) was a Japanese video game designer best known for creating the Dead or Alive series and also reviving the Ninja Gaiden franchise in 2004. In 2009, he was chosen by IGN as one of the top 100 game creators of all time.

Joining Tecmo in 1992, Itagaki produced two video game franchises that were critical and commercial successes, earning him several promotions; he headed Tecmo's development team, Team Ninja, and sat on the executive board. He left the company in June 2008 after 16 years of service, filing a lawsuit against its new president for withholding bonus pay. He formed a new company, Valhalla Game Studios, with several Team Ninja members and released Devil's Third. The company was dissolved in December 2021, although he had formed Itagaki Games earlier in 2021. Itagaki died in October 2025 at the age of 58.
Anton Khudobin
Anton Valerievich Khudobin (Russian: Антон Валерьевич Худобин; born 7 May 1986) is a Kazakhstani-born Russian former professional ice hockey goaltender.

Nicknamed "Dobby", Khudobin was drafted by the Minnesota Wild in the seventh round, 206th overall, at the 2004 NHL entry draft, playing for the organization for three-and-a-half years before joining the Boston Bruins via a trade in 2011. He signed as a free agent with the Carolina Hurricanes in 2013 and was extended before being traded to the Anaheim Ducks in 2015, then re-signing with the Bruins in mid-2016, and then signing a two-year deal with the Dallas Stars as an unrestricted free agent.

Minnesota Wild
The Minnesota Wild are a professional ice hockey team based in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The Wild compete in the National Hockey League (NHL) as a member of the Central Division in the Western Conference. The team plays its home games at the Grand Casino Arena, and is owned by Craig Leipold. The Wild are affiliated with the Iowa Wild of the American Hockey League (AHL) and the Iowa Heartlanders of the ECHL.

The Wild were founded on June 25, 1997, and began play in the 2000–01 season. The team was founded following the departure of the Minnesota North Stars, who were based in Minnesota from 1967 to 1993, when they relocated to Dallas, Texas, and became the Dallas Stars. The Wild made their first Stanley Cup playoffs appearance in 2003, making a surprise run to the Western Conference finals, but ultimately losing to the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. The team have appeared in the playoffs a total of 14 times, and have won one division championship, in 2008.
Mel Tjeerdsma
Mel Tjeerdsma (/ˈtʃɜːrtʃmə/ CHURCH-mə; born May 24, 1946) is a retired American football coach and athletic director at Northwest Missouri State University in Maryville, Missouri. He served as the head coach at Austin College in Sherman, Texas from 1984 to 1993 and at Northwest Missouri State University from 1994 until his retirement after the 2010 season. In his 27 years as a head coach, Tjeerdsma compiled a career college football record of 242–82–4. He led the Northwest Missouri State Bearcats to three NCAA Division II Football Championship titles (1998, 1999, and 2009) and four additional NCAA Division II title games (2005, 2006, 2007, and 2008).

Sherman, Texas
Sherman is a city in and the county seat of Grayson County, Texas, United States. The city's population in 2020 was 43,645. It is one of the two principal cities in the Sherman–Denison metropolitan statistical area, and is the largest city in the Texoma region of North Texas and southern Oklahoma.
Western standard gauge railway line
The Western standard gauge railway line is a standard-gauge railway line in western Victoria, Australia. Completed in 1995, it forms part of the Melbourne–Adelaide rail corridor and serves as the principal interstate rail link between Victoria and the western states. The line replaced a number of former broad gauge routes which were gauge converted, and today sees both intrastate and interstate freight traffic, as well as the twice weekly (in each direction) The Overland passenger service. Major towns on the route include Geelong, Ararat, Horsham and Dimboola.

Melbourne–Adelaide rail corridor
The Melbourne–Adelaide rail corridor consists of the 828-kilometre (514-mile) long 1435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard-gauge main line between the Australian state capitals of Melbourne, Victoria and Adelaide, South Australia, and the lines immediately connected to it. Most of its traffic is freight; the only passenger train along the entire route is the twice-weekly passenger service The Overland, operated by Journey Beyond.
Schussen
The Schussen (German pronunciation: [ˈʃʊsn̩]) is a 59-kilometre-long (37 mi) tributary of Lake Constance (Bodensee), which drains to the High Rhine, in the southern portion of Upper Swabia in Baden-Württemberg (Germany).

High Rhine
High Rhine (German: Hochrhein, pronounced [ˈhoːxˌʁaɪn] ⓘ; kilometres 0 to 167 of the Rhine) is the section of the Rhine between Lake Constance (Bodensee) and the city of Basel, flowing in a general east-to-west direction and forming mostly the Germany–Switzerland border. It is the first of four named sections of the Rhine (High Rhine, Upper Rhine, Middle Rhine, Lower Rhine) between Lake Constance and the river delta at the North Sea.