hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vrouwenakker
Vrouwenakker is a village in the Netherlands, about 12 km southeast of Hoofddorp. It lies largely in the municipality of Nieuwkoop (formerly Liemeer), in the province of South Holland, but a small part lies in the municipality of Uithoorn, in North Holland. Until 1989 Vrouwenakker was part of the municipality of Mijdrecht, but was then rearranged into the municipality of Liemeer after the amalgamation of Mijdrecht and surrounding municipalities.

The statistical area "Vrouwenakker", which contains the part of the village in South Holland and the surrounding countryside, has a population of around 310.

South Holland
South Holland (Dutch: Zuid-Holland [ˌzœyt ˈɦɔlɑnt] ⓘ) is a province of the Netherlands with a population of over 3.8 million as of January 2023 and a population density of about 1,410/km2 (3,700/sq mi), making it the country's most populous province and one of the world's most densely populated areas. Situated on the North Sea in the west of the Netherlands, South Holland covers an area of 3,308 km2 (1,277 sq mi), of which 609 km2 (235 sq mi) is water. It borders North Holland to the north, Utrecht and Gelderland to the east, and North Brabant and Zeeland to the south. The provincial capital is the Dutch seat of government The Hague, while its largest city is Rotterdam. The Rhine-Meuse-Scheldt delta drains through South Holland into the North Sea. Europe's busiest seaport, the Port of Rotterdam, is located in South Holland.
Digital Systems
Digital Systems Inc., was an American accounting service and technology development company active between 1966 and 1979. It was founded by John Q. Torode in Seattle, Washington. The company was reorganized into the microcomputer design and development company Digital Microsystems, Inc. (DMS), Oakland, USA, founded in 1979. In 1984, it was sold to the new UK operation Digital Microsystems Ltd. (DML) (owned by Extel Group Plc) and finally ended its US operations in 1986. Without Torode, Digital Microsystems Ltd.'s product HiNet (Hierarchical Integration Network) was sold to Apricot Computers Plc in 1987. In 1986, Torode founded a new company, IC Designs, Inc., based partly on Theodore "Ted" H. Kehl's VLSI technology at the University of Washington (UW), which was bought by Cypress Semiconductor Corp. in 1993.

Cypress Semiconductor
Cypress Semiconductor Corporation was an American semiconductor design and manufacturing company. It offered NOR flash memories, F-RAM and SRAM Traveo microcontrollers, PSoCs, PMICs, capacitive touch-sensing controllers, Wireless BLE Bluetooth Low-Energy and USB connectivity solutions.

Its headquarters were in San Jose, California, with operations in the United States, Ireland, India and the Philippines.

In April 2016, Cypress Semiconductors announced the acquisition of Broadcom’s Wireless Internet of Things Business. The deal was closed in July 2016.

In June 2019, Infineon Technologies announced it would acquire Cypress for $9.4 billion. The deal closed in April 2020, making Infineon one of the world's top 10 semiconductor manufacturers.

Some of its main competitors included Microchip Technology, NXP Semiconductors, Renesas Electronics and Micron Technology.
JS Taigei
JS Taigei (SS-513) is the first boat of the Taigei-class attack submarine of Japan Maritime Self-Defense Force. The submarine was ordered from Mitsubishi Heavy Industries in 2017 and laid down on 16 March 2018 at Kobe, Japan. Taigei was launched on 14 October 2020 and commissioned on 9 March 2022.

Mitsubishi Heavy Industries
Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd. (三菱重工業株式会社, Mitsubishi Jūkōgyō Kabushiki-kaisha; MHI) is a Japanese multinational engineering, electrical equipment and electronics corporation headquartered in Tokyo, Japan. MHI is one of the core companies of the Mitsubishi Group and its automobile division is the predecessor of Mitsubishi Motors.

MHI's products include aerospace and automotive components, air conditioners, elevators, forklift trucks, hydraulic equipment, printing machines, missiles, tanks, power systems, ships, aircraft, railway systems, and space launch vehicles. Through its defense-related activities, it is the world's 23rd-largest defense contractor measured by 2011 defense revenues and the largest based in Japan.
Calapooya Mountains
The Calapooya Mountains are a mountain range in Lane and Douglas counties of southwestern Oregon in the United States. The range runs for approximately 60 miles (97 km) west from the Cascade Range between Eugene on the north and Roseburg on the south.

Lane County, Oregon
Lane County is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 382,971, making it the fourth-most populous county in Oregon. The county seat is Eugene, the state's second most populous city. It is named in honor of Joseph Lane, Oregon's first territorial governor. Lane County comprises the Eugene, OR Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is the third-largest MSA in Oregon, and the 144th-largest in the country.
Dmitry Mironov (politician)
Dmitry Yuryevich Mironov (Russian: Дмитрий Юрьевич Миронов; born 13 October 1968) is a Russian politician, currently serving as an Aide to the President of Russia.

Mironov served as governor of Yaroslavl Oblast between 10 September 2017 and 12 October 2021, and had previously been acting governor of the oblast from 28 July 2016 to 10 September 2017). He has been head of the working group on youth policy of the State Council of the Russian Federation since 2018. He is a former employee of Federal Protective Service and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, and has the rank of a police colonel general.

Ministry of Internal Affairs (Russia)
The Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (Russian: Министерство внутренних дел, МВД, romanized: Ministerstvo vnutrennikh del, MVD) is the interior ministry of Russia.

The MVD is responsible for law enforcement in Russia through its agencies the Police of Russia, Migration Affairs, Drugs Control, Traffic Safety, the Centre for Combating Extremism, and the Investigative Department. The MVD is headquartered in Zhitnaya Street 16 in Yakimanka, Moscow. Vladimir Kolokoltsev has been the Minister of Internal Affairs since 2012.
La Graciosa, California
La Graciosa is a former human settlement in Santa Barbara County, California, United States. La Graciosa was the first village established in the Santa Maria River valley. It was located southwest of Orcutt. The town was named for Laguna Graciosa, a nearby lagoon so called because Spanish explorers thought it was lovely. The town was on land that had been Rancho Guadalupe. A man named Patrick O'Neil opened a stage station and store on the site around 1868. The stagecoach route had originally gone through Foxen Canyon but eventually switched to the valley of Los Alamos, with a stop at La Graciosa. The settlement had a post office and a school. However, in 1877 H. M. Newhall came into possession of the land and "served suits of ejectment to all the inhabitants."

La Graciosa schools had 52 students in approximately 1882.

Santa Barbara County, California
Santa Barbara County, officially the County of Santa Barbara (Spanish: Condado de Santa Bárbara), is a county located in Southern California. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 448,229. The county seat is Santa Barbara, and the largest city is Santa Maria.

Santa Barbara County comprises the Santa Maria-Santa Barbara, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. Most of the county is part of the California Central Coast. Mainstays of the county's economy include engineering, resource extraction (particularly petroleum extraction and diatomaceous earth mining), winemaking, agriculture, and education. The software development and tourism industries are important employers in the southern part of the county.
Honda XR650L
The XR650L is a dual-sport motorcycle manufactured by Honda, part of the Honda XR series. It was released in 1992 as a 1993 model. It combines the RFVC engine from the proven NX650 Dominator dual sport with the lighter, off-road capable XR600R chassis, the latter of which is not road legal in the US. It has been produced virtually unchanged since 1993 and is still in production as of 2024.

The engine is a 40 hp, air-cooled 644 cc (39.3 cu in) SOHC, dry-sump, single-cylinder, four-stroke. With an electric starter, headlight, taillight, turn signals, mirrors, US EPA and California Air Resources Board (CARB) compliant exhaust system, and a 2.8-US-gallon (11-litre; 2.3-imperial-gallon) metallic fuel tank, the 650L has a 349 lb (158 kg) wet weight. The seat height is 37 inches (940 mm).

Honda NX650 Dominator
The Honda NX650 Dominator is a dual-sport motorcycle. It was manufactured by Honda from 1988 to 2003. Between this period, several variants of the model were released with different fairing designs or changes to the mechanical systems. Reference can be seen to RD02 for early models or RD08 for later models.
Peter the Great (1922 film)
Peter the Great (German: Peter der Große) is a 1922 German silent historical film directed by Dimitri Buchowetzki and starring Emil Jannings, Bernhard Goetzke and Dagny Servaes. It depicts the life of the reformist Russian Tsar Peter the Great. It premiered in Berlin on 2 November 1922. The film's art direction was by Hans Dreier.

Buchowetzki had previously directed Jannings in Danton (1921) and Othello (1922). Jannings later played another Russian Tsar, Paul I, in The Patriot (1928).

Danton (1921 film)
Danton is a 1921 German silent historical film directed by Dimitri Buchowetzki and starring Emil Jannings, Werner Krauss and Ossip Runitsch. The film was shot at the Johannisthal Studios in Berlin. It premiered at the Ufa-Palast am Zoo in the city on 4 May 1921. It was based on the 1835 play Danton's Death by Georg Büchner.
1951 French Championships (tennis)
The 1951 French Championships (now known as the French Open) was a tennis tournament that took place on the outdoor clay courts at the Stade Roland-Garros in Paris, France. The tournament ran from 23 May until 3 June. It was the 55th staging of the French Championships, and the second Grand Slam tennis event of 1951. Jaroslav Drobný and Shirley Fry won the singles titles.

Shirley Fry
Shirley June Fry Irvin (née Fry; June 30, 1927 – July 13, 2021) was an American tennis player. During her career, which lasted from the early 1940s until the mid-1950s, she won the singles title at all four Grand Slam events, as well as 13 doubles titles, and was ranked No. 1 in the world in 1956.
Marquess of Iria Flavia
Marquess of Iria Flavia (Spanish: Marquesado de Iria Flavia) is a hereditary title in the Spanish nobility. This marquessate was bestowed by Juan Carlos I of Spain by Royal Decree 1137/1996, on 17 May 1996 on the author and Nobel laureate, Camilo José Cela Trulock, in recognition of his contribution to literature and the Spanish language. The title recalls the Celtiberian port of Iria Flavia in Galicia, northwestern Spain, where Cela was born and is now buried.

The current holder of the title is his only child, Camilo José Cela Conde.

Camilo José Cela Conde
Camilo José Arcadio Cela Conde, 2nd Marquess of Iria Flavia (born 17 January 1946), is a Spanish writer. He is the son of Nobel Prize winning writer Camilo José Cela and is currently a Professor of Philosophy of law, Morality and Politics at the University of the Balearic Islands.

He published his first book El reto de los halcones in 1975, the same year he finished his degree in Philosophy.

In 1989 he published Cela, mi padre, a special dedication to his father who was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature that same year.

In 2003 he became the Marquess of Iria Flavia.
Shock singularity
In general relativity, the shock singularity, also called the shockwave singularity, the Marolf-Ori singularity, or the outflying singularity, is a null singularity propagating out of the outgoing section of the inner horizon of a spinning or charged black hole that effectively manifests as a gravitational shockwave. Perturbations to the inner horizon result in abrupt changes in the amplitude of perturbing fields and the metric tensor itself, manifesting as an effective shockwave for sufficiently late-infall observers (veh⪆15-20). The singularity was first described in 2012 by Donald Marolf and Amos Ori for classical Reissner-Nordström and Kerr black holes. It was numerically confirmed for the spherical charged case in 2016 by Ehud Eilon and Amos Ori.

Perturbation (astronomy)
In astronomy, perturbation is the complex motion of a massive body subjected to forces other than the gravitational attraction of a single other massive body. The other forces can include a third (fourth, fifth, etc.) body, resistance, as from an atmosphere, and the off-center attraction of an oblate or otherwise misshapen body.
Pae Mu Ka
Pae Mu Ka is the debut studio album by Ghanaian musician Obrafour, released in November 1999 and recorded at CHM Studios. It features guest appearances from Cy Lover, Alhaji Flesh, Ayewa, Doctor Poh, and Funky Functure.

The album was produced by Yaw Anoff aka Way Deep and Hammer of The Last Two. The album's two major singles, "Kwame Nkrumah" and "Pae Mu Ka", covered various topics which include encouraging all Ghanaians to work for the betterment of their country.: para. 4

Pae Mu Ka is considered one of the best Hiplife albums of all time, serving as a model for other hiplife rap albums to follow. The album won Obrafour rapper of the year, new artist of the year, and best hiplife song for "Pae Mu Ka" at the 2000 Ghana Music Awards.

Ghana Music Awards
The Ghana Music Awards, also known since 2024 by the sponsored name Telecel Ghana Music Awards (TGMAs), formerly Vodafone Ghana Music Awards (VGMAs), is an annual music awards event in Ghana established in 1999 by a local event organizer and planner company known as Charter House to originally and primarily celebrate the "outstanding contributions of Ghanaian musicians to the growth and expansion of its associated industry".

Usually held between April and June, the event is broadcast locally on GHOne TV, GTV and/or TV3 and outside Ghana on Akwaaba Magic on satellite TV platform DStv and terrestrial TV platform GOtv. Prior to the launch of the Akwaaba Magic channel in 2021, the event was broadcast outside Ghana on channels 155 and 198 on DStv and on channel 110 on GOtv.
Ritva Sarin-Grufberg
Ritva Sarin-Grufberg (born 17 May 1944) is a politician in the Åland Islands, an autonomous and unilingually Swedish territory of Finland.

Mayor of Mariehamn 2003–2007

Minister of industry and trade 2001–2003

Member of the lagting (Åland parliament) 1999–2001

Mayor of Mariehamn 1988–1999

She is married to Lennart Grufberg.

Mariehamn
Mariehamn  (/məˈriːəhɑːmən/ mə-REE-ə-hah-mən, Finland Swedish: [mɑriːeˈhɑmn] ⓘ; Finnish: Maarianhamina [ˈmɑːriɑnˌhɑminɑ]; Latin: Portus Mariae) is the capital of Åland, an autonomous territory under Finnish sovereignty. The city is the seat of the Government of Åland and the Parliament of Åland, and about 40% of Åland's population live there. Mariehamn borders Jomala to the north and west and Lemland to the east.

Like the rest of Åland, the city is unilingually Swedish-speaking. Most inhabitants have Swedish as their native language.

The coat of arms of Mariehamn reflects the city's main livelihood, maritime transport, and its linden tree–lined parks. The coat of arms was designed by Nils Byman and confirmed in 1951.

Mariehamn's central location in the Baltic Sea makes it a popular summer destination. Approximately 1.5 million tourists visit each year.
Jainendra K. Jain
Jainendra K. Jain,  is an Indian-American physicist and the Evan Pugh University Professor and the Eberly Chair inPhysics at the Pennsylvania State University. He received the Oliver E. Buckley Prize of the American Physical Society in 2002, was elected to the National Academy of Sciences in 2021, and was selected Foreign Fellow of the Indian National Science Academy in 2024. He was the co-recipient of 2025 Wolf Prize in Physics along with James P. Eisenstein and Mordehai Heiblum. Jain is known for his theoretical work on quantum many body systems, most notably for postulating particles known as the composite fermions.

Wolf Prize in Physics
The Wolf Prize in Physics is awarded once a year by the Wolf Foundation in Israel. It is one of the six Wolf Prizes established by the Foundation and awarded since 1978; the others are in Agriculture, Chemistry, Mathematics, Medicine and Arts.

The Wolf Prizes in physics and chemistry are often considered the second-most prestigious awards in those fields, after the Nobel Prize. The prize in physics has gained a reputation for identifying future winners of the Nobel Prize – from the 26 prizes awarded between 1978 and 2010, fourteen winners have gone on to win the Nobel Prize, five of those in the following year.
Leah Galton
Leah Danielle Galton (born 24 May 1994) is an English footballer who currently plays as a forward for Women's Super League club Manchester United.

She has previously played for Sky Blue FC in the NWSL, Bayern Munich in Germany, and has represented England from under-15 to under-23 level.

FC Bayern Munich (women)
FC Bayern Munich is a German professional women's football team based in Munich, Germany. The club was founded in 1970 and plays in the Frauen-Bundesliga, the top women's league in Germany. Bayern Munich Women were a founding member of the Frauen-Bundesliga in 1990. They have won seven German league titles and were twice DFB-Pokal winners.
Alana DeLong
Alana Suzanne DeLong (born c. 1949) is a Canadian politician who was the candidate for the Conservative Party of Canada in the Cowichan-Malahat-Langford federal riding in the 2019 general election. She is a former member of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta who represented the constituency of Calgary-Bow as a Progressive Conservative. She was first elected in 2001 and reelected in the 2004, 2008, and 2012 Alberta provincial elections. Alana DeLong did not run in 2015 general election.

Calgary-Bow
Calgary-Bow is a provincial electoral district in the city of Calgary, Alberta, Canada. The district is one of 87 districts mandated to return a single member (MLA) to the Legislative Assembly of Alberta using the first past the post method of voting.

The electoral district has been a stronghold for right leaning parties. Social Credit briefly held the district from 1971 to 1975 and the Progressive Conservatives have held the district uninterrupted until the 2015 provincial election, when the seat was won by NDP candidate Deborah Drever. The electoral district returned to electing conservative candidate in 2019 with United Conservative Party MLA Demetrios Nicolaides, who won re-election in 2023.
Oiti (village)
Oiti (Greek: Οίτη), formerly Gardikaki (Γαρδικάκι), is a village on Mount Oeta in Phthiotis, Greece. Since the 2011 local government reform it is part of the municipality of Lamia, and of the municipal unit of Gorgopotamos. The nearby settlement of Skamnos also belongs to the community of Oiti. Population for the entire community was 99 in the 2021 census.

Lamia (city)
Lamia (Greek: Λαμία, Lamía, pronounced [laˈmi.a]) is a city in central Greece. The city dates back to antiquity, and is today the capital of the regional unit of Phthiotis and of the Central Greece region (comprising five regional units). According to the 2021 census, the Municipality of Lamia has a population of 66,657, while Lamia itself has 47,529 inhabitants. The city is located on the slopes of Mount Othrys, near the river Spercheios. It serves as the agricultural center of a fertile rural and livestock area.
Ambérieu-en-Bugey
Ambérieu-en-Bugey (French pronunciation: [ɑ̃beʁjø ɑ̃ byʒɛ, byʒe] ⓘ; Arpitan: Ambèriô) is a commune in the Ain department, Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, France. With 14,288 inhabitants (2020), it is one of the largest towns of the historical region of Bugey.

It is the largest town in the arrondissement of Belley and the seat of the canton of Ambérieu-en-Bugey which consists of 18 communes. Its urban area has 17,301 inhabitants (2020). The town was officially simply called Ambérieu until 31 March 1955 when it became Ambérieu-en-Bugey.

The town is known for being an important railway junction (around Ambérieu station), but also for winning the Croix de guerre 1939-1945 with citation at the Liberation.

Croix de Guerre 1939–1945
The Croix de Guerre 1939–1945 (English: War Cross 1939–1945) is a French military decoration, a version of the Croix de Guerre created on 26 September 1939 to honour people who fought with the Allies against the Axis forces at any time during World War II. After Germany invaded and overran mainland France in the Battle of France in May and June 1940, this Croix de Guerre was replaced by the pro-Axis Vichy French government with another Croix with a black-and-green ribbon, while the original was upheld by Free France. Since the triumph of the Free French side in World War II, this version is the only one officially recognized by the French government.
Substitute character
In computer data, a substitute character (␚) is a control character that is used to pad transmitted data in order to send it in blocks of fixed size, or to stand in place of a character that is recognized to be invalid, erroneous or unrepresentable on a given device. It is also used as an escape sequence in some programming languages.

In the ASCII character set, this character is encoded by the number 26 (1A hex). Standard keyboards transmit this code when the Ctrl and Z keys are pressed simultaneously (Ctrl+Z, often documented by convention as ^Z). Unicode inherits this character from ASCII, but recommends that the replacement character (�, U+FFFD) be used instead to represent un-decodable inputs, when the output encoding is compatible with it.

C0 and C1 control codes
The C0 and C1 control code or control character sets define control codes for use in text by computer systems that use ASCII and derivatives of ASCII. The codes represent additional information about the text, such as the position of a cursor, an instruction to start a new line, or a message that the text has been received.

C0 codes are the range 00HEX–1FHEX and the default C0 set was originally defined in ISO 646 (ASCII). C1 codes are the range 80HEX–9FHEX and the default C1 set was originally defined in ECMA-48 (harmonized later with ISO 6429). The ISO/IEC 2022 system of specifying control and graphic characters allows other C0 and C1 sets to be available for specialized applications, but they are rarely used.