hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battleship Parkway
Battleship Parkway, commonly referred to locally and in the media as the "Causeway",  is a 7-mile (11.3 km) long causeway that carries US 90 and US 98 eastbound across Mobile Bay from the Bankhead Tunnel on Blakeley Island in Mobile, Alabama to Spanish Fort, Alabama. The roadway itself is a four-lane divided highway for most of its length.  It is very susceptible to flooding and is usually submerged during hurricane storm surges. The Battleship Parkway is home to Battleship Memorial Park and to many of the Mobile area's more prominent seafood restaurants.

U.S. Route 98
U.S. Route 98 (US 98) is an east–west United States Highway in the Southeastern United States that runs from western Mississippi to southern Florida. It was established in 1933 as a route between Pensacola and Apalachicola, Florida, and has since been extended westward into Mississippi and eastward across the Florida Peninsula. It runs along much of the Gulf Coast between Mobile, Alabama, and Crystal River, Florida, including extensive sections closely following the coast between Mobile and St. Marks, Florida. The highway's western terminus is with US 84 in Bude, Mississippi. Its eastern terminus is Palm Beach, Florida, at State Road A1A (SR A1A) near the Mar-a-Lago resort.
Bidiagonalization
Bidiagonalization is one of unitary (orthogonal) matrix decompositions such that U* A V = B, where U and V are unitary (orthogonal) matrices; * denotes Hermitian transpose; and B is upper bidiagonal. A is allowed to be rectangular.

For dense matrices, the left and right unitary matrices are obtained by a series of Householder reflections alternately applied from the left and right. This is known as Golub-Kahan bidiagonalization. For large matrices, they are calculated iteratively by using Lanczos method, referred to as Golub-Kahan-Lanczos method.

Bidiagonalization has a very similar structure to the singular value decomposition (SVD). However, it is computed within finite operations, while SVD requires iterative schemes to find singular values. The latter is because the squared singular values are the roots of characteristic polynomials of A* A, where A is assumed to be tall.

Matrix decomposition
In the mathematical discipline of linear algebra, a matrix decomposition or matrix factorization is a factorization of a matrix into a product of matrices. There are many different matrix decompositions; each finds use among a particular class of problems.
Ferrocarriles Argentinos
Ferrocarriles Argentinos (abbreviated as FA; lit. 'Argentine Railways') was a state-owned company that managed the entire Argentine railway system for nearly 45 years. It was formed in 1948 when all the private railway companies were nationalised during Juan Perón's first presidential term, and transformed into the Empresa de Ferrocarriles del Estado Argentino (EFEA; lit. 'Argentine State Railways Company').

FA managed both passenger and freight services, including long-distance and commuter rail trains in the metropolitan area of Buenos Aires.

The company was broken up under the government of Carlos Menem following the privatisation of the railways; however in 2015 the government of Cristina Kirchner revived the brand for use on state-owned railways.

Railcar
A railcar (not to be confused with the generic term "railroad car" or "railway car"), or motor car is a self-propelled railway vehicle designed to transport passengers. The "self-propelled railcar" refers to a railway train consisting of a single coach (or carriage, car, unit), with a driver's cab at one or both ends. In its simplest form, a "railcar" may also be little more than a railbus or motorized draisine.

Self-powered railcars were once common in North America; these "motor cars" were often called doodlebugs. Some railway companies, such as the Great Western, termed such vehicles "railmotors" (or "rail motors"). Self-propelled passenger vehicles also capable of hauling a train are, in technical rail usage, usually called "rail motor coaches".
2016 Federated Auto Parts 400
The 2016 Federated Auto Parts 400 was a NASCAR Sprint Cup Series stock car race held on September 10, 2016 at Richmond International Raceway in Richmond, Virginia. Contested over 407 laps – extended from 400 laps due to an overtime finish – on the 0.75-mile (1.21-kilometre) D-shaped short track, it was the 26th race of the 2016 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series season, and the final race of the regular season before the playoffs. Joe Gibbs Racing's Denny Hamlin won his second career race at his home track from the pole and his third race of the 2016 season, ahead of Chip Ganassi Racing driver Kyle Larson.

The race had 21 lead changes among 7 different drivers, as well as a new track record with 16 cautions for 89 laps, and a red flag for 20 minutes and 23 seconds.

NASCAR Cup Series at Richmond Raceway
Stock car races in the NASCAR Cup Series have been held at Richmond Raceway in Richmond, Virginia since 1953.

A second race in March was also held at the track from 1953 to 2024 until it was moved to Mexico for the 2025 season.
Christophe Milhères
Christophe Milhères (born 3 January 1972, in Bayonne), is a former French rugby union player. He played as a flanker.

Milhères played for Biarritz Olympique from 1997/98 to 2004/05, where he twice won the French Championship, in 2001/02 and 2004/05. He then moved to US Dax in 2005. He became coach of US Dax in 2007 after the nomination of Marc Lièvremont.

US Dax
Union Sportive Dax Rugby Landes, also known as US Dax, is a French rugby union club currently playing in Pro D2, the second level of the French league system.

They were founded in 1904. They play at Stade Maurice Boyau (capacity 7,262). They wear red and white. They are based in Dax in the Landes department  of Nouvelle-Aquitaine.
Congregation of Christian Brothers
The Congregation of Christian Brothers (Latin: Congregatio Fratrum Christianorum; abbreviated CFC) is a worldwide religious community within the Catholic Church, founded by Edmund Rice.

Their first school opened in Waterford, Ireland, in 1802. At the time of its foundation, though much relieved from the harshest of the Penal Laws by the Relief Acts, Catholics faced much discrimination throughout the newly created United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland pending full Catholic emancipation in 1829.

This congregation is sometimes referred to as simply "the Christian Brothers", leading to confusion with the De La Salle Brothers—also known as the Christian Brothers, sometimes by Lasallian organisations themselves. As such, Rice's congregation is sometimes called the Irish Christian Brothers or the Edmund Rice Christian Brothers.

Marino Institute of Education
Marino Institute of Education (Irish: Institiúid Oideachais Marino), abbreviated as Marino Institute or MIE, is an Irish College of Education, an associated College of Trinity College Dublin. It is located on Griffith Avenue, Dublin 9. Its degrees and diplomas are awarded by the University of Dublin, Trinity College. Marino Institute of Education comprises the College of Education, the Conference Centre, Continuing Professional Development (CPD) and various support services.
Malewo, Łódź Voivodeship
Malewo [maˈlɛvɔ] is a village in the administrative district of Gmina Krzyżanów, within Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It lies approximately 4 km (2 mi) south-west of Krzyżanów, 9 km (6 mi) south of Kutno, and 43 km (27 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.

Krzyżanów, Kutno County
Krzyżanów ([kʂɨˈʐanuf]) is a village in Kutno County, Łódź Voivodeship, in central Poland. It is the seat of the gmina (administrative district) called Gmina Krzyżanów. It lies approximately 8 km (5 mi) south-east of Kutno and 45 km (28 mi) north of the regional capital Łódź.
Favignana
Favignana (Sicilian: Faugnana) is a comune including three islands (Favignana, Marettimo and Levanzo) of the Aegadian Islands, southern Italy. It is situated approximately 18 kilometres (11 miles)  west of the coast of Sicily, between Trapani and Marsala, the coastal area where the Stagnone Lagoon and the international airport of Trapani, are sited.

Marsala
Marsala (Italian: [marˈsaːla], local Sicilian: [maɪsˈsaːla]; Latin: Lilybaeum) is a city and comune located in the Province of Trapani in the westernmost part of Sicily. With a population of 79,693, Marsala is the fifth largest city in Sicily.

The town is famous for the docking of Giuseppe Garibaldi on 11 May 1860 (the Expedition of the Thousand) and for its Marsala wine. A feature of the area is the Stagnone Lagoon Natural Reserve – a marine area with salt ponds.
Theta (set theory)
In set theory,  (pronounced like the letter theta) is the least nonzero ordinal  such that there is no surjection from the reals onto .

has been studied in connection with strong partition cardinals and the axiom of determinacy. The axiom of determinacy is equivalent to the existence of unboundedly many strong partition cardinals below , in the sense that every cardinal below  has a strong partition cardinal above it. This does not preclude the possibility that a single strong partition cardinal, above , suffices for all cardinals below , but the existence of such a cardinal would have additional consequences.

If the reals can be wellordered, then 
 is simply , the cardinal successor of the cardinality of the continuum. Any set may be well-ordered assuming the axiom of choice (AC). However, Θ is often studied in contexts where the axiom of choice fails, such as models of the axiom of determinacy.

is also the supremum of the order types of all prewellorderings of the reals.

Strong partition cardinal
In Zermelo–Fraenkel set theory without the axiom of choice, a strong partition cardinal is an uncountable well-ordered cardinal  such that every partition of the set of size  subsets of  into less than  pieces has a homogeneous set of size .

The existence of strong partition cardinals contradicts the axiom of choice. The axiom of determinacy implies that ℵ1 is a strong partition cardinal.
2021 President's Cup – Women's singles
Marie Bouzková was the defending champion, having won the previous edition in 2019, however she chose to participate in Prague instead.

Mariam Bolkvadze won the title, defeating Valeria Savinykh in the final, 4–6, 6–3, 6–2.

2019 President's Cup (tennis)
The 2019 President's Cup was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the fourteenth (ATP) and eleventh (ITF) editions of the tournament and was part of the 2019 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2019 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Nur-Sultan, Kazakhstan, on 15–21 July 2019.
British Gymnastics
British Gymnastics (BG) is the sports governing body for gymnastics disciplines in the United Kingdom including Acrobatic Gymnastics, Aerobic Gymnastics, Disability Gymnastics, Men’s Artistic Gymnastics, Rhythmic Gymnastics, TeamGym, Trampoline, Double Mini Tramp, Tumbling and Women’s Artistic Gymnastics.

It works in partnership with the Home Nations Gymnastics Associations: English Gymnastics, Gymnastics Northern Ireland, Scottish Gymnastics and Welsh Gymnastics.

Welsh Gymnastics
Welsh Gymnastics (WG) is the national governing body for gymnastics in Wales. It has overall responsibility for the administration of all eight gymnastics disciplines in Wales – women's artistic, men's artistic and rhythmic gymnastics, general gymnastics, sports acrobatics, sports aerobics, trampolining and tumbling – through its four geographical areas (north, south, east and west), which are responsible for their own area competition and squad training sessions.
Mount Nothofagus National Park
The Mount Nothofagus National Park is a protected national park located in the Northern Rivers region of New South Wales, Australia. The 2,180-hectare (5,400-acre) park is located approximately 634 kilometres (394 mi) north of Sydney and can be located via Kyogle via the Bruxner Highway and the Summerland Way.

The average elevation of the terrain is 746 metres above sea level.

The park is part of the Focal Peak Group World Heritage Site Gondwana Rainforests of Australia inscribed in 1986 and added to the Australian National Heritage List in 2007.

The park is also part of the Scenic Rim Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance in the conservation of several species of threatened birds.

In November 2019 about three quarters of the park were burnt in a bushfire, during a period of drought that was so severe that most of the rainforest gullies, which are usually moist enough to act as buffers to fire, were destroyed.

Bruxner Highway
Bruxner Highway, and its former western alignment as Bruxner Way, are a 420-kilometre (260 mi) state highway and rural road respectively, located in New South Wales, Australia. The route forms an east–west link across the Northern Tablelands in northern New South Wales, close to the border with Queensland, to the Northern Rivers coast. It was named after Michael Bruxner, NSW Minister for Transport from 1932 to 1941.
Khwaja Muhammad Aslam
Khawaja Muhammad Aslam (8 February 1922 – 23 July 2019) was a Pakistani athlete who represented Pakistan at the 1954 Asian Games in athletics. He won the silver medal in the 200 m event with the time of 22 seconds. The gold medal also went to another Pakistani athlete, Muhammad Sharif Butt, with the time of 21.9 seconds.

Aslam also competed in the 100m and 200m events, as well as the 4×100 m relay at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki. He finished fifth in the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games 4×110 yards relay (with Abdul Aziz, Abdul Khaliq, and Muhammad Sharif Butt). In the 1954 British Empire and Commonwealth Games, in the 100 yards and the 220 yards event, Aslam could not advance beyond the heats.

Aslam died on 23 July 2019 at the age of 97 in Pakistan. He was the father of Olympian field hockey player Khawaja Junaid.

Khawaja Junaid
Khawaja Muhammad Junaid (born 14 April 1966) is a Pakistani field hockey coach and former player. He won the gold medal in the field hockey tournament at the 1990 Asian Games, when Pakistan beat India 3–2 in the final, and a bronze medal at the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona.

Later in his career, Junaid became the head coach of the Pakistan hockey team. He coached the team at the 2017 World Hockey League in London, but was sacked after lashing out at the PHF president and secretary. He returned as head coach of the team for the 2020 Olympic Games in Tokyo, Japan.
Listed buildings in Rotherham
The listed buildings in the town of Rotherham are included in the following lists, divided by ward:

Listed buildings in Rotherham (Boston Castle Ward)

Listed buildings in Rotherham (East Ward)

Listed buildings in Rotherham (Hoober Ward)

Listed buildings in Rotherham (Keppel Ward)

Listed buildings in Rotherham (Sitwell Ward)

Listed buildings in Rotherham (West Ward)

Listed buildings in Rotherham (Wingfield Ward)

Listed buildings in Rotherham (Wingfield Ward)
Wingfield is a ward in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham, South Yorkshire, England.  The ward contains eleven listed buildings that are recorded in the National Heritage List for England.  All the listed buildings are designated at Grade II, the lowest of the three grades, which is applied to "buildings of national importance and special interest".  The ward is to the north of the centre of Rotherham, and includes the suburb of Greasbrough and the surrounding area.  The listed buildings consist of houses, farmhouses, farm buildings, a church, and a war memorial.
Viola purpurea var. aurea
Viola purpurea var. aurea, also known as golden violet and bright yellow violet, is a variety of violet. It is endemic to the western United States (eastern California and western Nevada), where it is known from scattered occurrences in various types of dry habitat such as the slopes of desert mountains.

Viola (plant)
Viola, commonly known as the violets, is a genus of flowering plants in the family Violaceae. It is the largest genus in the family, containing over 680 species. Most species are found in the temperate Northern Hemisphere; however, some are also found in widely divergent areas such as Hawaii, Australasia, and the Andes.

Some Viola species are perennial plants, some are annual plants, and a few are small shrubs. Many species, varieties and cultivars are grown in gardens for their ornamental flowers. In horticulture, the term pansy is normally used for those multi-colored large-flowered cultivars which are raised annually or biennially from seed and used extensively in bedding.
Walter Clopton Wingfield
Major Walter Clopton Wingfield MVO (16 October 1833 – 18 April 1912) was a Welsh inventor and a British Army officer who was one of the pioneers of lawn tennis. Inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1997 as the founder of modern lawn tennis, an example of the original equipment for the sport and a bust of Wingfield can be seen at the Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum.

Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum
Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum (WLTM) is the largest tennis museum in the world. The museum was inaugurated at The Championships centenary event in 1977. On 12 April 2006, The Duke of Kent declared the brand new Wimbledon Lawn Tennis Museum open to the public inside the grounds of the All England Lawn Tennis Club.

This museum has exhibits and artefacts dating back to 1555 as well as touch screen computer consoles for visitors to interact with. Memorabilia from many famous players from Victorian times up to present day are included in exhibits which change seasonally. The museum allows Museum guests to experience the atmosphere of Centre Court, except for the period around The Championships. Guided tours led by Blue Badge guides are also available which take visitors behind the scenes of the All England Lawn Tennis Club. Audio guides are also available. WLTM is open year-round to the public except during The Championships week where entry is available to tournament ticket holders only.
Valenzuela corsicus
Valenzuela corsicus is a species of Psocoptera from Caeciliusidae family that can be found in Austria, Corsica, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Germany, Greece, Italy, Portugal, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, and the Netherlands. They also can be found in Near East.

Caeciliusidae
Caeciliusidae is a family of Psocodea (formerly Psocoptera) belonging to the suborder Psocomorpha. The family was once named Caeciliidae, but the latter name was changed because of homonymy with the amphibian family Caeciliidae. The subfamily Paracaeciliinae was formerly in Caeciliusidae, but it has been elevated to family rank, Paracaeciliidae.

There are at least 40 genera and 650 described species in Caeciliusidae.
McLean Primary School
McLean Primary School is located in the centre of Dunfermline, Fife. The head teacher is Gillian Souter Pupils from the school progress onto Queen Anne High School. The building is a category C listed building.

Queen Anne High School, Dunfermline
Queen Anne High School is a large secondary school in the city of Dunfermline in Fife. It is named for Anne of Denmark, the queen of James VI, whose former home was the school's original location.

In the 1930s it moved to the former Dunfermline High School building that lay to the north of Priory Lane. In the 1950s it moved again to a new campus at Broomhead, just to the south of its current location. In August 2003 it moved yet again 200 yards to the north, next to and encroaching upon the village of Wellwood.

In July 2014 the school was awarded the TES International Schools Award.
Puerto Rico women's national softball team
Puerto Rico women's national softball team is the national team for Puerto Rico.  The team competed at the 1986 ISF Women's World Championship in Auckland, New Zealand, where they finished fifth.  The team competed at the 1990 ISF Women's World Championship in Normal, Illinois, where they finished with 5 wins and 4 losses. The team competed at the 1994 ISF Women's World Championship in St. John's, Newfoundland, where they finished ninth. The team competed at the 2002 ISF Women's World Championship in Saskatoon, Saskatchewan, where they finished eighth. At the 2018 World Championship, they placed 2nd in Group A with a record 6-1 before losing their next two games vs Japan and Canada finishing 5th overall.

Japan women's national softball team
The Japan women's national softball team is the national team of Japan in international softball competitions. It is governed by the Japan Softball Association. They are currently ranked #2 in the world by the International Softball Federation. In four Olympic Games, since 1996 until 2008, Japan has won one gold medal, a silver medal and a bronze medal. In the top four nations at the Olympics, Japan is the second most successful national team (winning three medals), following the United States (four medals, three gold and a silver), and beating out Australia (also four medals out of which three were bronze and one silver) and China with one silver medal. After winning the gold medal at the 2008 Summer Olympics, the Japanese national team was defeated by the United States team at the XII Women's Softball World Championship in Caracas, Venezuela.
Deadliest Warrior season 2
Season 2 of Deadliest Warrior was announced via Twitter with a teaser image showing a Ballistic Gel torso behind a podium. A teaser video was made available to members of the official fansite, Warrior Den, and previewed some of that season's modern weapons. It premiered April 20, 2010, at 10 pm ET.

Bow and arrow
The bow and arrow is a ranged weapon system consisting of an elastic launching device (bow) and long-shafted projectiles (arrows). Humans used bows and arrows for hunting and aggression long before recorded history, and the practice was common to many prehistoric cultures. They were important weapons of war from ancient history until the early modern period, when they were rendered increasingly obsolete by the development of the more powerful and accurate firearms. Today, bows and arrows are mostly used for hunting and sports.

Archery is the art, practice, or skill of using bows to shoot arrows. A person who shoots arrows with a bow is called a bowman or an archer. Someone who makes bows is known as a bowyer, someone who makes arrows is a fletcher, and someone who manufactures metal arrowheads is an arrowsmith.
First government of José María Aznar
The first government of José María Aznar was formed on 6 May 1996, following the latter's election as prime minister of Spain by the Congress of Deputies on 4 May and his swearing-in on 5 May, as a result of the People's Party (PP) emerging as the largest parliamentary force at the 1996 Spanish general election. It succeeded the fourth González government and was the government of Spain from 6 May 1996 to 28 April 2000, a total of 1,453 days, or 3 years, 11 months and 22 days.

The cabinet comprised members of the PP and a number of independents. It was automatically dismissed on 13 March 2000 as a consequence of the 2000 general election, but remained in acting capacity until the next government was sworn in.

Spanish government departments
The Spanish government departments, commonly known as Ministries, are the main bodies through which the Government of Spain exercise its executive authority. They are also the top level of the General State Administration. The number of ministerial departments and their organization are established by a royal decree of the Monarch, on the advice of the Prime Minister, and all of them are headed by a Cabinet member called Minister.

Although the main organization is established by the Premier, the ministers have autonomy to organize its own department and to appoint the high-ranking officials of the ministries. It exists the possibility of ministers without portfolio, which are minister-level officials entrusted with a specific task and that do not head a department.

As of 2026, there are currently 22 ministerial departments.