hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Satyapal Dang
Satyapal Dang (1920–2013) was an Indian independence activist, writer and later-day politician from Punjab. He was a legislator of Punjab State Legislative Assembly, representing the Communist Party of India for four terms and a Minister of Food and Civil Supplies in the United Front ministry led by Justice Gurnam Singh. He was also involved in trade union movement in India, aligning with the All India Trade Union Congress (AITUC). The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1998, for his contributions to society.

Gurnam Singh
Gurnam Singh (25 February 1899 – 31 May 1973) was an Indian politician and the 6th Chief Minister of Punjab from 8 March 1967 to 25 November 1967, and again between 17 February 1969 to 27 March 1970. He was the first Shiromani Akali Dal Chief minister of Punjab. His ministry fell due to defection of Lachhman Singh Gill, who became the next Chief Minister with the support of the Indian National Congress. He died in an air crash in Delhi on 31 May 1973.
Abdirahman Aw Ali Farrah
Abdirahman Aw Ali Farrah, nicknamed Tolwaa (Somali: Cabdiraxmaan Aw Cali Faarax, Arabic: عبدالرحمن أو علي فارح) is a Somali politician who was the 2nd Vice President of Somaliland from May 1993 to February 1997.

Vice President of Somaliland
The vice president of Somaliland (Somali: Madaxweyne ku xigeenka Somaliland) is the deputy head of state of Somaliland and the second highest official next to the president. The vice president is the constitutional successor of the president of Somaliland in case of a vacancy.
Ernesto Valverde
Ernesto Valverde Tejedor (born 9 February 1964) is a Spanish football manager and former player who played as a forward. He is the current manager of La Liga club Athletic Bilbao.

Over ten seasons, he amassed La Liga totals of 264 games and 68 goals, adding 55 matches and nine goals in the Segunda División. He played for six teams in a 14-year professional career, including Espanyol, Barcelona and Athletic Bilbao.

Valverde later went on to have an extensive spell as a manager, including being in charge of all three clubs. He won the double with Olympiacos in 2008–09 and 2011–12, and Barcelona in 2017–18.

2008–09 Greek Football Cup
The 2008–09 Greek Football Cup was the 67th edition of the Greek Football Cup. The competition started on 30 August 2008 with the first round and concluded on 2 May 2009 with the final, held at Olympic Stadium.

Olympiacos claimed that season's Greek Cup, after a 4–4 draw and a 15–14 victory on penalties over AEK Athens and was considered by fans as the most entertaining final in the tournament.
Katherine Stewart Forbes (1818 ship)
Katherine Stewart Forbes was a full-rigged ship built by William & Henry Pitcher at Northfleet dockyard in Kent, England in 1818. She was classified as "A1", a first class vessel made from first quality materials. The ship was launched for A. Chapman and Company and named by Katherine Stewart, the daughter of Charles Forbes MP in 1818, on 31 October or 5 November.  She was re-rigged as a barque about 1836.

She initially sailed between Britain and India under a license from the British East India Company (EIC). She next transported convicts to Australia in 1830 and 1832. She also carried early settlers to South Australia in 1837, and New Zealand in 1841 and 1851, and mapped part of the coast of Borneo.

She made several trips from England to Australia and between Australian settlements. She also was variously employed in the seagoing transport trade.

Penal transportation
Penal transportation (or simply transportation) was the relocation of convicted criminals, or other persons regarded as undesirable, to a distant place, often a colony, for a specified term; later, specifically established penal colonies became their destination. While the prisoners may have been released once the sentences were served, they generally did not have the resources to return home.
Qingcheng railway station (Guangdong)
Qingcheng railway station (Chinese: 清城站; pinyin: Qīngchéng Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Chīngsìhng Jaahm) is a railway station located in Qingcheng District, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China. It opened with the Guangzhou–Qingyuan intercity railway on 30 November 2020. It was the northern terminus of the line until the extension to Feixia opened on 28 December 2024.

Feixia railway station
Feixia railway station (simplified Chinese: 飞霞站; traditional Chinese: 飛霞站; pinyin: Fēixiá Zhàn; Cantonese Yale: Fēihah Jaahm) is a railway station located in Qingcheng District, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China. It opened on 28 December 2024, being the northern terminus of the Guangzhou–Qingyuan intercity railway.
1994 Vuelta a Murcia
The 1994 Vuelta a Murcia was the tenth edition of the Vuelta a Murcia cycle race and was held on 8 March to 13 March 1994. The race started in La Manga and finished in Murcia. The race was won by Melcior Mauri.

Vuelta a Murcia
The Vuelta Ciclista a Murcia  (English: Tour of Murcia) is a road bicycle race held in and around Murcia, Spain. The first four editions were reserved to amateurs. Originally the race was held in early March and consisted of five stages. However, due to Spain's financial turmoil, the race was scaled back to three stages in 2011 and two stages in 2012. From 2013 to 2018 the Vuelta a Murcia was organised as a single-day race and shifted to mid-February on the international calendar. In 2019 the race was expanded to two stages. It is part of the UCI Europe Tour as a 2.1 event. However, due to the postponement of the 2021 edition to May, the race was reverted to its one-day nature, with the expectation that the race will continue as a two-day event in future editions.
Prince Leopold Island
Prince Leopold Island (Inuktitut: ᐅᑉᐸᐃᑦ, Appait) is an island in the Qikiqtaaluk Region of Nunavut, Canada. It is located in Lancaster Sound at the junction of Prince Regent Inlet and Barrow Strait. Somerset Island is situated 13 km (8.1 mi) to the southwest; Port Leopold, an abandoned trading post, is the closest landmark. The island is significant as a summer habitat and breeding ground for large populations of several arctic bird species.

Somerset Island (Nunavut)
Somerset Island (Inuktitut: Kuuganajuk) is a large, uninhabited island of the Arctic Archipelago, that is part of the Canadian territory of Nunavut. The island is separated from Cornwallis Island and Devon Island to the north by the Parry Channel, from Baffin Island to the east by Prince Regent Inlet, from the Boothia Peninsula to the south by Bellot Strait, and from Prince of Wales Island to the west by Peel Sound. It has an area of 24,786 km2 (9,570 sq mi), making it the 46th largest island in the world and Canada's twelfth largest island.

The majority of the island lies in the Qikiqtaaluk Region and is home to the summer Arctic Watch Lodge. A small southern portion lies in the Kitikmeot Region and is the site of the former Fort Ross trading post.
Amy Helm
Amy Helm (born December 3, 1970) is an American singer-songwriter and musician. She is the daughter of drummer Levon Helm and singer Libby Titus.  She is a past member of the Levon Helm's Midnight Ramble Band and Ollabelle, as well as her own touring band.

Her debut solo album, Didn’t It Rain, was released in July 2015, and her second release This Too Shall Light was released September 2018 on Yep Roc Records.

Helm conducted an in-depth interview about her life and career with The Pods & Sods Network in 2016.  That year she and her band performed at the Edmonton Folk Music Festival.

Larry Campbell (musician)
Larry Campbell (born February 21, 1955) is an American singer and multi-instrumentalist who plays many stringed instruments (including guitar, mandolin, pedal steel guitar, slide guitar, and violin) in genres including country, folk, blues, and rock. Campbell is best known for his time as part of Bob Dylan's Never Ending Tour band from 1997 to 2004, his association with Levon Helm of The Band, and the musical director of the Midnight Rambles.

Larry Campbell also has extensive experience as a studio musician. Over his 40-plus year career he has recorded with such artists as Levon Helm, Judy Collins, Lucy Kaplansky, Richard Shindell, Linda Thompson, Sheryl Crow, Chris Castle, Paul Simon, B. B. King, Willie Nelson, Eric Andersen, Buddy and Julie Miller, Kinky Friedman, Little Feat, Hot Tuna, Cyndi Lauper, k.d. lang, Anastasia Barzee, Rosanne Cash and Ayọ, among others.
Static electricity
Static electricity is an imbalance of electric charges within or on the surface of a material. The charge remains until it can move away as an electric current or by electrical discharge. The word "static" is used to differentiate it from current electricity, where an electric charge flows through an electrical conductor.

A static electric charge can be created whenever two surfaces contact and/or slide against each other and then separate. The effects of static electricity are familiar to most people because they can feel, hear, and even see sparks if the excess charge is neutralized when brought close to an electrical conductor (for example, a path to ground), or a region with an excess charge of the opposite polarity (positive or negative). The familiar phenomenon of a static shock – more specifically, an electrostatic discharge – is caused by the neutralization of a charge.

Relative permittivity
The relative permittivity (in older texts, dielectric constant) is the permittivity of a material expressed as a ratio with the electric permittivity of a vacuum. A dielectric is an insulating material, and the dielectric constant of an insulator measures the ability of the insulator to store electric energy in an electrical field.

Permittivity is a material's property that affects the Coulomb force between two point charges in the material. Relative permittivity is the factor by which the electric field between the charges is decreased relative to vacuum.

Likewise, relative permittivity is the ratio of the capacitance of a capacitor using that material as a dielectric, compared with a similar capacitor that has vacuum as its dielectric. Relative permittivity is also commonly known as the dielectric constant, a term still used but deprecated by standards organizations in engineering as well as in chemistry.
Procapra
Procapra is a genus of Asian gazelles, including three living species:

Mongolian gazelle P. gutturosa

Tibetan gazelle P. picticaudata

Przewalski's gazelle P. przewalskii

The oldest fossils belonging to the genus Procapra date from the late Pliocene or early Pleistocene of central Asia, when the climate was wetter and milder than now. The genus apparently evolved from animals similar to the Pliocene gazelle Gazella sinensis, and is known to have been hunted by early Neolithic humans at Lake Qinghai in China.

Mongolian gazelle
The Mongolian gazelle (Procapra gutturosa), or dzeren (Russian: дзерен), is a medium-sized antelope native to the semiarid Central Asian steppes of Mongolia, southern Siberia and northern China. The name dzeren is the Russian spelling and pronunciation of the Buryat zeeren (Buryat: зээрэн; akin to the Mongolian word  zeer (Mongolian: зээр)).
Cape Fair, Missouri
Cape Fair is an unincorporated community in Stone County, Missouri, United States. It is located on Route 76 and the southern terminus of Route 173. Cape Fair is on the west side of the James River arm of Table Rock Lake. The community is part of the Branson, Missouri Micropolitan Statistical Area.  The ZIP Code for Cape Fair is 65624.

A post office called Cape Fair has been in operation since 1851. The community most likely was named for the river cape or sharp stream meander south of the original town site.

Branson micropolitan area
The Branson Micropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area in southwestern Missouri, anchored by the city of Branson, that is coterminous with Taney County. For the 2000 and 2010 censuses, the area was defined to also include Stone County, but the county was removed in the OMB statistical definitions released in 2023.

As of the 2020 census it had a population of 56,066.
Comparison of baseball and cricket
Baseball and cricket are the best-known members of a family of related bat-and-ball games. Both have fields that are 400 feet (120 m) or more in diameter between their furthest endpoints, offensive players who can hit a thrown/"bowled" ball out of the field and run between safe areas to score runs (points) at the risk of being gotten out (forced off the field of play by the opposing team and thus left unable to score further runs during that play), and have a major game format lasting about 3 hours.

Despite their similarities, the two sports also have many differences in play and in strategy; for example, far more runs are scored in a cricket match compared to a baseball game. A comparison between baseball and cricket can be instructive to followers of either sport, since the differences help to highlight nuances particular to each game.

Strike zone
In baseball, the strike zone is the area of space through which a pitch must pass in order to be called a strike even if the batter does not swing. The strike zone is defined as the volume of space above home plate and between the batter's knees and the midpoint of his torso. Whether a pitch passes through the zone is decided by an umpire, who is generally positioned behind the catcher.

Strikes are desirable for the pitcher and the fielding team, as three strikes result in a strikeout of that batter. A pitch that misses the strike zone is called a ball if the batter does not swing at it. Balls are desirable for the batter and the batting team, as four balls allow the batter to take a "walk" to first base as a base on balls.
Lesjaverk
Lesjaverk is a village in Lesja Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. It lies in the upper Gudbrandsdal valley approximately 35 kilometres (22 mi) northwest of Dombås and about 11 kilometres (6.8 mi) east of the village of Lesjaskog. The village lies along the European route E136 highway and the Raumabanen railway line. The E136 highway goes from Ålesund up through the Romsdalen valley and passes through Lesjaverk on the way to its end point at Dombås. Located in a high mountain pass at 633 metres (2,077 ft) in elevation, the village is situated between several mountains including the 1,883-metre (6,178 ft) tall Svarthøe, the 1,868-metre (6,129 ft) tall Storhøi, and the 1,702-metre (5,584 ft) tall Merratind which all are part of the Dovrefjell range to the north. The 1,780-metre (5,840 ft) tall mountain Digervarden lies to the south on the other side of the valley.

Merratind
Merratind is a mountain in Lesja Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,698-metre (5,571 ft) tall mountain lies about 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) northeast of the village of Lesjaskog. The mountain is surrounded by several other mountains including Vangshøi which is about 2.5 kilometres (1.6 mi) to the east, Svarthøi which is about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) to the northwest, and Storhøi and Blåhøe which are about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) to the northwest.
ISO 3166-2:SX
ISO 3166-2:SX is the entry for Sint Maarten in ISO 3166-2, part of the ISO 3166 standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO), which defines codes for the names of the principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states) of all countries coded in ISO 3166-1.

Currently no ISO 3166-2 codes are defined in the entry for Sint Maarten. The country has no defined subdivisions.

Sint Maarten, a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands, is officially assigned the ISO 3166-1 alpha-2 code SX. Moreover, it is also assigned the ISO 3166-2 code NL-SX under the entry for the Netherlands.

ISO 3166
ISO 3166 is a standard published by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) that defines codes for the names of countries, dependent territories, special areas of geographical interest, and their principal subdivisions (e.g., provinces or states). The official name of the standard is Codes for the representation of names of countries and their subdivisions.
Ettringer Bellerberg
The Ettringer Bellerberg, also called the Ettringer Bellberg, is a hill, 427.5 m above sea level (NHN), forming the western flank of the Bellerberg Volcano, a volcano system that was active about 200,000 years ago.

Pellenz
The Pellenz is a hill country in the northwestern part of the Middle Rhine Basin in Germany between Mayen in the southwest and Andernach in the northeast. In addition Pellenz is the name of a Verbandsgemeinde in the state of  Rhineland-Palatinate, which covers the north of the landscape of Pellenz and has had its seat since May 2017 in the village of Plaidt (prior to that it was run from Andernach).
Spurdog
Squalus is a genus of dogfish sharks in the family Squalidae. Commonly known as spurdogs, these sharks are characterized by smooth dorsal fin spines, teeth in upper and lower jaws similar in size, caudal peduncle with lateral keels; upper precaudal pit usually present, and caudal fin without subterminal notch. In spurdogs, the hyomandibula (the bone connecting the braincase to the jaws) is oriented at a right angle to the neurocranium, while in other sharks, the hyomandibula runs more parallel to the body. This led some to think that the upper jaw of Squalus would not be as protractile as the jaws of other sharks. However, a study that compared different jaw suspension types in sharks showed that this is not the case and that Squalus is quite capable of protruding its upper jaw during feeding.

The name comes from squalus, the Latin for shark; this word is the root for numerous words related to sharks such as squaline and scientific names for sharks, such as the order Squaliformes.

Greeneye spurdog
Sharks portal

The greeneye spurdog (Squalus chloroculus) is a species of dogfish described in 2007. It is a member of the family Squalidae, found off the coast of southeastern Australia. The length of the longest specimen measured is 85.6 cm (33.7 in). It was considered conspecific with the shortspine spurdog.
Network interface device
In telecommunications, a network interface device (NID; also known by several other names) is a device that serves as the demarcation point between the carrier's local loop and the customer's premises wiring. Outdoor telephone NIDs also provide the subscriber with access to the station wiring and serve as a convenient test point for verification of loop integrity and of the subscriber's inside wiring.

Local loop
In telephony, the local loop (also referred to as the local tail, subscriber line, or in the aggregate as the last mile) is the physical link or circuit that connects from the demarcation point of the customer premises to the edge of the common carrier or telecommunications service provider's network.

At the edge of the carrier access network in a traditional public telephone network, the local loop terminates in a circuit switch housed in an incumbent local exchange carrier or telephone exchange.
Dino, Desi & Billy
Dino, Desi & Billy were an American singing trio that existed between 1964 and 1969. The group featured Dean "Dino" Martin (Dean Paul Martin, the son of singer and actor Dean Martin), Desi Arnaz Jr. (Desiderio Arnaz IV, the son of television stars Desi Arnaz and Lucille Ball), and their friend Billy Hinsche. A reconstituted version of the group performed between 1998 and 2010.

Sundazed Music
Sundazed Music is an American independent record label founded and based in Coxsackie, New York. It was initially known as a 1960s-centric surf, garage, and psych label. Over time with the additions of imprints such as Modern Harmonic, Americana Anthropology, Beat Rocket, Dot Matrix Recordings, and Liberty Spike Recordings, their reach spans most genres and many decades while still firmly rooted as an archival label.
Aggavamsa
Aggavaṃsa of Arimaddana (modern Bagan, Burma) was the author of the Saddanīti, a grammar of the Pāli language, specifically the text of the Buddhist scriptures, the Tipiṭaka.  The work was completed in 1154, CE and was taken to Laṅka (Ceylon) a few years after its completion.

It can be seen as a descriptive grammatical work. It consists of 28 chapters with the first 19 being entitled Mahāsaddanīti (The Greater Guidance of Sadda) and the remaining 9 chapters being called Cullasaddanīti (The Lesser Guidance of Sadda).The Mahāsaddanīti is in two sections: the Padamālā(1-14)that deals with  morphological and syntactic patterns of Pāli and the Dhātumālā(1-14)that gives a full lexicographical account of Pāli roots in eight gaṇas. The Cullasaddanīti is tantamount to the Suttamālā. It is made up of 1347 suttas accompanying an additional chapter on upasaggas and nipātas .

Bagan
Bagan (/bəˈɡæn/ bə-GAN; Burmese: ပုဂံ Băgam [bəɡàɰ̃]; formerly Pagan) is an ancient city and a UNESCO World Heritage Site in the Mandalay Region of Myanmar. From the 9th to 13th centuries, the city was the capital of the Pagan Kingdom, the first kingdom that unified the regions that would later constitute Myanmar. During the kingdom's height between the 11th and 13th centuries, more than 10,000 Buddhist temples, pagodas and monasteries were constructed in the Bagan plains alone, of which the remains of over 2200 temples and pagodas survive.

The Bagan Archaeological Zone is a main attraction for the country's nascent tourism industry.
Framed (video game)
Framed (usually styled as FRAMED) is a 2014 puzzle game developed by Australian studio Loveshack Entertainment. The gameplay sees the player re-arranges panels of an animated comic book to change the outcome of the story.

A prequel, Framed 2, was released in 2017. Framed Collection is a compilation of Framed and Framed 2 released later on in 2018 by Fellow Traveller.

Puzzle video game
Puzzle video games make up a broad genre of video games that emphasize puzzle solving. The types of puzzles can test problem-solving skills, including logic, pattern recognition, sequence solving, spatial recognition, and word completion. Many puzzle games involve a real-time element and require quick thinking, such as Tetris (1985) and Lemmings (1991).
David Cumming
David Scott Cumming (6 May 1910 – 18 April 1993) was a Scottish footballer, who played as a goalkeeper for Aberdeen, Arbroath and Middlesbrough. Cumming represented Scotland once, in a 1–0 victory against England at Wembley in 1938.

Middlesbrough signed Cumming from Scottish club Arbroath for £3,000 in 1936. His career was interrupted by the Second World War, but he returned to play for Middlesbrough during the 1946–47 season. During that season he was sent off in a game against Arsenal for punching Leslie Compton. Cumming was forced to retire at the end of the 1946–47 season after operations failed to cure a knee injury.

Leslie Compton
Leslie Harry Compton (12 September 1912 – 27 December 1984) was an English sportsman who played football and cricket for Arsenal and Middlesex, respectively. He gained two England caps late in his football career, and remains the oldest outfield player to debut for England (and the oldest post-war debutant in any position). His brother, Denis, was also a footballer and cricketer for Arsenal and Middlesex, though Leslie was more successful in football and Denis in cricket.
Gleno Dam
The Gleno Dam was a multiple arch buttress dam on the Gleno Creek in the Valle di Scalve, northern Province of Bergamo, Italy. The dam was built between 1916 and 1923 with the purpose of producing hydroelectric power. The middle section of the dam collapsed on 1 December 1923, forty days after the reservoir was filled, causing widespread flooding that killed at least 356 people.

Province of Bergamo
The province of Bergamo (Italian: provincia di Bergamo; Bergamasque: proìnsa de Bèrghem) is a province in the Lombardy region of Italy. Its capital is the city of Bergamo. The province has a population of 1,103,768 (2023), an area of 2,754.91 square kilometers (1,063.68 sq mi), and contains 242 comuni (municipalities).