hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Spermiogenesis
Spermiogenesis is the final stage of spermatogenesis, during which the spermatids develop into mature spermatozoa. At the beginning of the stage, the spermatid is a more or less circular cell containing a nucleus, Golgi apparatus, centriole and mitochondria; by the end of the process, it has radically transformed into an elongated spermatozoon, complete with a head, midpiece, and tail.

Protamine
Protamines are small, arginine-rich, nuclear proteins that replace histones late in the haploid phase of spermatogenesis and are believed essential for sperm head condensation via genomic DNA compaction and stabilization. They may allow for denser packaging of DNA in the spermatozoon than histones, but they must be decompressed before the genetic data can be used for protein synthesis. However, part of the sperm's genome is packaged by histones (10-15% in humans and other primates) thought to bind genes that are essential for early embryonic development.

Protamine and protamine-like (PL) proteins are collectively known as the sperm-specific nuclear basic proteins (SNBPs). The PL proteins are intermediate in structure between protamine and Histone H1. The C-terminal domain of PL could be the precursor of vertebrate protamine.
Margaret River Pro 2017
The Margaret River Pro 2017 is an event of the Association of Surfing Professionals for 2017 World Surf League.

This event was held from 29 March to 9 April at Margaret River, Western Australia and contested by 36 surfers.

It was won by John John Florence.

Margaret River Pro
Margaret River Pro is an event on the ASP World Surfing Tour currently WSL World Surfing League.

It was established in 1985. It has had a range of sponsors over time, including various agencies of the Western Australian government.
The event has been held every year since at Surfers Point, Prevelly, near Margaret River, Western Australia, except in 2018 when the third and subsequent rounds for men and fourth and subsequent rounds for women were held in Uluwatu, Indonesia because of shark attacks.
Serbian Zone League
Serbian Zone League (Serbian: Зонска лига Србије / Zonska liga Srbije) is the fourth tier of football in the Serbian football league system, consisting of 12 divisions as of the 2019–20 season. The divisions are run by the four regional associations, namely Football Association of Western Serbia (four), Football Association of Eastern Serbia (four), Football Association of Vojvodina (three), and Football Association of Belgrade (one). The winner of each division gets promoted to one of the four Serbian League divisions (Belgrade, Vojvodina, East, and West).

Serbian football league system
The Serbian football league system is a series of interconnected leagues for association football clubs in Serbia. The system has a hierarchical format with promotion and relegation between leagues at different levels.
Lone Peak Wilderness
The Lone Peak Wilderness is a 30,088-acre (121.76 km2) wilderness area located within the Uinta and the Wasatch-Cache National Forests in the U.S. state of Utah.

The Lone Peak Wilderness was established in 1978 as part of the Endangered American Wilderness Act and was the only designated wilderness area in Utah until the enactment of the Utah Wilderness Act of 1984. Situated in the central Wasatch Range on the Wasatch-Cache and Uinta National Forests, this wilderness is generally bounded on the north by Little Cottonwood Canyon, on the south by American Fork Canyon, on the west by the Salt Lake and Utah Valleys, and on the east by Twin Peaks. Timpanogos Cave National Monument is adjacent to the south boundary of the wilderness.

American Fork Twin Peaks
The Twin Peaks are a set of mountain high points located on the Alpine Ridge within the Wasatch Range in Utah, United States, on the border between Salt Lake and Utah County. They are usually referred to as the American Fork Twin Peaks, to distinguish them from the nearby Broads Fork Twin Peaks and Avenues Twin Peaks. Consisting of several sub-peaks, only one has the prominence to be considered a true summit. The summit has an elevation of 11,461 feet (3,493 m), making it the highest point in Salt Lake County. The peak is also the most prominent in Salt Lake County, and one of the most prominent in the Wasatch Range.
Strange many-whorled land snail
Millerelix peregrina (syn. Polygyra peregrina) is a species of land snail in the family Polygyridae. It is known by the common names strange many-whorled land snail and white liptooth. It is endemic to Arkansas in the United States, where it is found in Izard, Marion, Stone, Newton, and Searcy County in the Ozark Mountains. It occurs in dolomite cliff habitat.

Polygyridae
Polygyridae is a family of air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Helicoidea.

The Polygyridae make up a significant proportion of the land snail fauna of eastern North America, and are also found in western North America, northern Central America, and are present on some Caribbean islands. The definitive reference to the group is Henry Pilsbry's 1940 monograph.
Anthemideae
Anthemideae is a tribe of flowering plants in the subfamily Asteroideae, which is part of the family Asteraceae. They are distributed worldwide, with concentrations in central Asia, the Mediterranean Basin, and southern Africa. Most species of plant known as chamomile belong to genera of this tribe.

As of 2006 there were about 1800 species classified in 111 genera. In 2007 the tribe was divided into 14 subtribes, including Glebionidinae, the source of hybrid garden marguerites.

Garden marguerite
Garden marguerites, also known as marguerite daisies, are cultivars of plants in the subtribe Glebionidinae of the family Asteraceae, the great majority being hybrids created in cultivation. One of the genera belonging to the subtribe, Argyranthemum, was introduced into cultivation from the Canary Islands in the 18th century, and modern cultivars are mostly sold and grown under the genus name Argyranthemum or the species name Argyranthemum frutescens, although many are actually intergeneric hybrids. The first such hybrids involved species now placed in the genus Glebionis, but other crosses within the subtribe are known. Breeding has aimed at introducing flower heads in varied colours and shapes while retaining the shrubby habit of Argyranthemum. Garden marguerites are used as summer bedding or grown in containers. Most are only half-hardy. They can be trained into shapes such as pyramids or grown as standards.
Kybunga, South Australia
Kybunga is a locality in the Mid North of South Australia. It was on the Gladstone railway line 87+1⁄2 miles (140.8 km) north of Adelaide on the plains to the west of the Clare Valley. The Kybunga school opened in 1881 and closed in 1988, and the former Methodist and Uniting church that opened in 1886 is now a private residence.
Kybunga was once a stop on the Hamley Bridge-Gladstone railway line from 1876 until 1989.

Clare Valley
The Clare Valley is a valley located in South Australia about 100 kilometres (62 miles) north of Adelaide in the Clare and Gilbert Valleys council area. It is the river valley formed by the Hutt River but is also strongly associated with the roughly parallel Hill River. The valley is traversed by the Horrocks Highway and the towns in the valley along that route from south to north are Auburn, Leasingham, Watervale, Penwortham, Sevenhill and Clare. The geographical feature has given rise to the Clare Valley wine region designation, a notable winegrowing region of Australia.
Bere Island
Bere Island or Bear Island (Irish: Oiléan Béarra, although officially called An tOileán Mór meaning "the big island") is an island in Bantry Bay off the Beara Peninsula in County Cork, Ireland. It spans roughly 10 km x 3 km, with an area of 17.68 km2 and, as of the 2022 census, had a population of 218 people.

Legend says that the island was named by a 2nd-century king of Munster, Mogh Nuadat, in honour of his wife, Beara, the daughter of Heber Mór, King of Castile.

Menhir
A menhir (/ˈmɛnhɪər/; from Brittonic languages: maen or men, "stone" and hir or hîr, "long"), standing stone, orthostat, or lith is a large upright stone, emplaced in the ground by humans, typically dating from the European middle Bronze Age. They can be found individually as monoliths, or as part of a group of similar stones. Menhirs' sizes can vary considerably, but they often taper toward the top.

Menhirs are found across Europe, Africa, and Asia, with a concentration in Western Europe, notably in Ireland, Great Britain, and Brittany. Theories concerning their purpose remain speculative, with hypotheses ranging from druidic rituals to territorial markers or elements of an ideological system. Some menhirs feature engravings, including anthropomorphic figures and symbols, and are often associated with ancient religious ceremonies and burial chambers.
Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics – Women's road race C1–3
The women's road race C1-3 cycling event at the 2024 Summer Paralympics took place on 7 September 2024. 16 riders competed in the event.

The event covers the following three classifications, that all use standard bicycles:

C1: cyclists with severe hemiplegic or diplegic spasticity; severe athetosis or ataxia; bilateral through knee amputation, etcetera.

C2: cyclists with moderate hemiplegic or diplegic spasticity; moderate athetosis or ataxia; unilateral above knee amputation, etcetera.

C3: cyclists with moderate hemiplegic or diplegic spasticity; moderate athetosis or ataxia; bilateral below knee or unilateral through knee amputation, etcetera.

Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Cycling at the 2024 Summer Paralympics in Paris, France, took place in Clichy-sous-Bois in Seine-Saint-Denis for road cycling from 4 to 7 September, and track cycling was hosted at the Vélodrome de Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines from 29 August to 1 September.
IslaSol II
islaSol II formerly known as SaCaSol III is a 48-megawatt (MW) photovoltaic power station under construction developed by Bronzeoak Philippines for San Carlos Solar Energy Inc. (SaCaSol), located in Negros Occidental, Philippines.

islaSol II, follows SaCaSol I, the country's largest solar farm currently being expanded from 22 MW to 45 MW, and islaSol I, also being under construction with a planned final capacity of 32 megawatts.

SaCaSol I
The San Carlos Solar Energy Inc. (SaCaSol) I is a 22 megawatt (MW) solar photovoltaic power plant in San Carlos, Negros Occidental. It is currently the largest operational solar plant in the Philippines

SaCaSol I is a 45-megawatt (MW) photovoltaic power plant, owned by San Carlos Solar Energy Inc. (SaCaSol), and located in San Carlos, Negros Occidental, Philippines. At the time of grid connection, it is the largest solar plant in the Philippines and the country’s first utility-scale, privately financed solar power plant. The first phase, the 13 MWp SaCaSol I A, was inaugurated by the country's president, Benigno S. Aquino III, on May 15, 2014. The second phase, the 9 MWp SaCaSol I B, is in operation since July 2014. The third and fourth phase, SaCaSol I C and SaCaSol I D, are operational since August, 2015.

At the Asian Power Award 2014, SaCaSol I was designated as the Solar Power Project of the Year, silver level.
7088 Ishtar
7088 Ishtar, provisional designation 1992 AA, is a synchronous binary asteroid and near-Earth object from the Amor group, approximately 1.3 kilometers (0.81 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 1 January 1992, by American astronomer Carolyn Shoemaker at the Palomar Observatory in California. The relatively bright asteroid with an unknown spectral type has a rotation period of 2.7 hours. In December 2005, a 330-meter sized satellite was discovered, orbiting its primary every 20.65 hours.

Amor asteroid
The Amor asteroids are a group of near-Earth asteroids named after the archetype object 1221 Amor /ˈeɪmɔːr/. The orbital perihelion of these objects is close to, but greater than, the orbital aphelion of Earth (i.e., the objects do not cross Earth's orbit), with most Amors crossing the orbit of Mars. The Amor asteroid 433 Eros was the first asteroid to be orbited and landed upon by a robotic space probe (NEAR Shoemaker).
Fatty-acyl-CoA synthase
Fatty-acyl-CoA synthase, or more commonly known as yeast fatty acid synthase (and not to be confused with long chain fatty acyl-CoA synthetase), is an enzyme complex responsible for fatty acid biosynthesis, and is of Type I Fatty Acid Synthesis (FAS). Yeast fatty acid synthase plays a pivotal role in fatty acid synthesis. It is a 2.6 MDa barrel shaped complex and is composed of two, unique multi-functional subunits: alpha and beta.  Together, the alpha and beta units are arranged in an α6β6 structure.   The catalytic activities of this enzyme complex involves a coordination system of enzymatic reactions between the alpha and beta subunits. The enzyme complex therefore consists of six functional centers for fatty acid synthesis.

Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase
Enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase (ENR or FabI) (EC 1.3.1.9), is a key enzyme of the type II fatty acid synthesis (FAS) system. ENR is an attractive target for narrow-spectrum antibacterial drug discovery because of its essential role in metabolism and its sequence conservation across many bacterial species. In addition, the bacterial ENR sequence and structural organization are distinctly different from those of mammalian fatty acid biosynthesis enzymes.

At lower concentrations, Triclosan and Triclocarban provide a bacteriostatic effect by binding to ENR. Atromentin and leucomelone possess antibacterial activity, inhibiting the enzyme in the bacteria Streptococcus pneumoniae.
Bothwell services
Bothwell services is a motorway service station near the small town of Bothwell, Scotland. The service station is located next to the M74 motorway between junctions 4 and 5 and may be accessed in the southbound direction only - its northbound counterpart between junctions 6 and 5 is Hamilton services.  It is owned by Roadchef.

A74(M) and M74 motorways
The A74(M) and M74 form a major motorway in Scotland, connecting it to England. The routes connect the M8 motorway in central Glasgow to the Scottish-English border at Gretna. They are part of the unsigned international E-road network E05. Although the entire route is colloquially referred to as the M74, for more than half its length, south of Abington, the road is officially the A74(M); see naming confusion below.
Eurya rapensis
Eurya rapensis is a species of plant in the Pentaphylacaceae family. It is endemic to the island of Rapa Iti, in the Tubuai Islands of French Polynesia.

Plants of the World Online treats it as a synonym of Eurya nitida subsp. nitida.

Rapa Iti
Rapa, also called Rapa Iti, or "Little Rapa", to distinguish it from Easter Island, whose Polynesian name is Rapa Nui, is the largest and only inhabited island of the Bass Islands in French Polynesia.  An older name for the island is Oparo. The total land area including offshore islets is 40.5 km2 (15.6 sq mi).: 205  As of the 2022 census, Rapa had a population of 451. The island's highest point is at 650 metres (2,130 ft) elevation at Mont Perahu.: 243  Its main town is Ahuréi. The inhabitants of Rapa Iti speak their own Polynesian language called the Rapa language.
Tris(acetylacetonato)cobalt(III)
Tris(acetylacetonato)cobalt(III) is the coordination complex with the formula Co(C5H7O2)3. Often abbreviated Co(acac)3, it is a green, diamagnetic solid that is soluble in organic solvents, but not in water. Owing to its solubility in organic solvents, tris(acetylacetonato)cobalt(III) is used to produce homogeneous catalysts by reduction.

Acetylacetone
Acetylacetone is an organic compound with the chemical formula CH3−C(=O)−CH2−C(=O)−CH3. It is classified as a 1,3-diketone. It exists in equilibrium with a tautomer CH3−C(=O)−CH=C(−OH)−CH3. The mixture is a colorless liquid. These tautomers interconvert so rapidly under most conditions that they are treated as a single compound in most applications. Acetylacetone is a building block for the synthesis of many coordination complexes as well as heterocyclic compounds.
Big Break Atlantis
Big Break Atlantis was the 17th edition of the Golf Channel's reality show, The Big Break. It was contested at the Paradise Island Golf Course on Paradise Island, The Bahamas. It premiered on May 14, 2012 and included an all-female cast.

The Big Break
The Big Break is an American golf reality competition series. Premiering on October 6, 2003 on Golf Channel, the series features aspiring professional golfers competing in various skills challenges for a chance to win a prize package, usually featuring a sponsor exemption for one or more tournaments and/or developmental tours.

The series originally ran on Golf Channel for 23 seasons from 2003 through 2015, after which the series was cancelled amid cuts by the network. In October 2025, Golf Channel announced that the series would be revived for a 24th season, in collaboration with the golf-oriented media company Good Good.
Sega Heroes
Sega Heroes (originally known as Sega Legends) was a free-to-play puzzle video game developed by Demiurge Studios and published by Sega for Android and iOS. Released on November 14, 2018, the game ceased operations in May 2020 following Demiurge's split from Sega to become an independent video game developer.

Streets of Rage
Streets of Rage (titled Bare Knuckle in Japan) is a series of side-scrolling beat 'em up video games. It centers on the efforts of several ex-police vigilantes trying to rid the fictional American metropolis of Wood Oak City of a crime syndicate that has corrupted its local government. The first three games in the franchise were developed and released by Sega for the Sega Genesis in the early 1990s and have since been ported and re-released on various platforms. A fourth entry was also released in 2020.

The games were well received and have been re-released many times, both on compilations and as stand-alone games. The electronic dance music soundtracks of the games, scored primarily by Yuzo Koshiro and Motohiro Kawashima, have also received much praise.
Adrian Usov
Adrian Vladimirovich Usov (Russian: Адриа́н Влади́мирович У́сов; 8 June [O.S. 27 May] 1868 – no earlier than 22 August 1917) was a Major General of the Imperial Russian Army who participated in the Russo-Japanese War and World War I. He was a Knight of St. George.

Golden Weapon for Bravery
The Gold Sword for Bravery (Russian: Золотое оружие "За храбрость") was a Russian award for bravery. It was set up with two grades on 27 July 1720 by Peter the Great, reclassified as a public order in 1807 and abolished in 1917. From 1913 to 1917 it was renamed the Saint George Sword (Георгиевское оружие) and considered one of the grades of the Order of St. George.
Francisco Baonza
Francisco Baonza García (5 April 1889 – 20 April 1959) was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward for Espanyol and FC Barcelona in the 1910s. He later worked as a referee in the 1920s, and as a manager in the early 1930s.

1912 Copa del Rey
The Copa del Rey  1912 was the eleventh staging of the Copa del Rey, the Spanish football cup competition.

The competition started on 31 March 1912, and concluded on 12 April 1912, with the final, held at the Industria Stadium in Barcelona, in which FC Barcelona lifted the trophy for the second time ever after a 2–0 victory over Sociedad Gimnástica thanks to goals from Alfredo Massana, Pepe Rodríguez. Six teams were planned to take place in the tournament, but Athletic de Bilbao and Academia de Infantería withdrew just before the start of the tournament.
Johnny Chan Chen Airstrip
Johnny Chan Chen Airstrip (ICAO: MZJC) is an airport serving Chan Chen, a village in the Corozal District of Belize. The airport is 1.6 kilometres (1 mi) west of Chan Chen and 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) northwest of Corozal.

Corozal District
Corozal is the northernmost district of the nation of Belize. The population was 46,071 in 2024. The district capital is Corozal Town.

Pre-Columbian Maya ruins are found in Corozal at Santa Rita near Corozal Town, and at Cerros.
David Cowan (politician)
David Cowan (1742 – 24 September 1808) was a Scottish farmer, naval officer, ship's captain, ferry operator and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Essex County in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1804 to 1808.

He was born in Lanarkshire and emigrated to the Thirteen Colonies in 1770, serving as gardener for George Washington at Mount Vernon. Cowan served as a lieutenant in the Royal Navy during the American Revolution and went on to serve in the Provincial Marine for Upper Canada, commanding ships on the Great Lakes. He lived in Fort Erie and then Amherstburg. Cowan also owned property in Kingston.

Cowan is credited with bringing the first apple trees to the state of Michigan in 1796, a variety similar to the Red Calville which he brought to Detroit.

Cowan died on board the Camden in Fort Erie harbour.

Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada, functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada.  Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor, Executive Council, and Legislative Council.

The first elections in Upper Canada, in which only land-owning males were permitted to vote, were held in August 1792.

The first session of the Assembly's sixteen members was held in Newark, Upper Canada (today's Niagara-on-the-Lake) on 17 September 1792. The Assembly was dissolved in 1796 and reconvened for twelve more sessions between 1797 and 1840 in modest buildings in York, the new capital of Upper Canada. Members continued to be elected by land-owning males to represent counties and the larger towns.

During the War of 1812, U.S. troops won the Battle of York and burned down the government buildings.
Anajapygidae
The Anajapygidae are a small family of diplurans. They can be distinguished by their relatively short, stout cerci, which discharge abdominal secretions. Unlike most diplurans, which are largely predatory, these are scavengers.

Diplura
The order Diplura ("two-pronged bristletails") is one of three orders of non-insect hexapods within the class Entognatha (alongside Collembola (springtails) and Protura). The name "diplura", or "double tail", refers to the characteristic pair of caudal appendages or filaments at the terminal end of the body.

Around 800 species of diplurans have been described.
Winter triathlon
Winter triathlon is a multisport event involving the continuous and sequential completion of snowshoeing or running, mountain biking or speed skating and cross-country skiing, all on snow. Course distances are set on the day of the event to achieve a winning time around 80–90 minutes, after taking account of the snow conditions.

Since 2013, the International Triathlon Union created a new version of the sport, which consist of 5 km of snowshoeing, 12km of ice skating, and 8km of cross-country skiing . It is called winter triathlon S3, because the three sports start with an S (snowshoe, skate, ski). The first ITU event was held in Quebec, Canada in February 2015. However, the Canadian national winter triathlon championships have been running for over 30 years. The Winterlude Triathlon is the oldest established winter triathlon in Canada.

The sport was denied inclusion in the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia.

Mountain biking
Mountain biking (abbr. MTB) is a sport of riding bicycles off-road, often over rough terrain, usually using specially designed mountain bikes. Mountain bikes share similarities with other bikes but incorporate features designed to enhance durability and performance in rough terrain, such as air or coil-sprung shocks used as suspension, larger and wider wheels and tires, stronger frame materials, and mechanically or hydraulically actuated disc brakes. Mountain biking can generally be broken down into distinct categories: cross country, trail, all mountain, enduro, downhill and freeride.