hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Darat Izza
Darat Izza (Arabic: دارة عزة, also spelled Darat Aza or Darit Izza) is a town in northern Syria, administratively part of the Aleppo Governorate, located 30 kilometres (19 miles) northwest of Aleppo. Nearby localities include Deir Samaan to the north, Anadan to the east and Turmanin to the southwest.

Anadan
Anadan (Arabic: عندان) is a city in Syria, 12 kilometers north of Aleppo, located on the Aleppo–Gaziantep international road. It is in the Mount Simeon District of the Aleppo Governorate. According to the Syria Central Bureau of Statistics (CBS), Anadan had a population of 11,918 in the 2004 census.

The town is known for its agriculture produce, such as grain, legumes, olives and different types of fruit. The city of Anadan is built on a hill surrounded by a plain. Anadan currently has about thirteen mosques and several elementary schools, a junior high school and a high school for boys and girls.

During the Ayyubid period, in the 1220s, Anadan was visited by Syrian geographer Yaqut al-Hamawi who noted it was "a village near Kinnasrin, in the Kurah district of Urtik, of the Awasim Province." The 13th-century Marasid listed it as a village northeast of Aleppo.
2012 China Open (tennis)
The 2012 China Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the 14th edition of the China Open for the men (16th for the women), and part of the ATP 500 Series of the 2012 ATP World Tour, and of the Premier Series of the 2012 WTA Tour. Both the men's and the women's events were held at the Olympic Green Tennis Center in Beijing, China, from 1 October till 7 October 2012. Novak Djokovic and Victoria Azarenka won the singles titles.

Zhang Ze
Zhang Ze (Chinese: 张择; pinyin: Zhāng Zé; Mandarin pronunciation: [ʈʂáŋ tsɤ̌]; born July 4, 1990), is a Chinese former professional tennis player.

Zhang's career highlights include reaching the quarterfinals of the 2012 China Open (defeating Richard Gasquet en route), playing the Australian Open main draw in two consecutive years (2014 and 2015), and teaming up with Roger Federer to play doubles at the 2013 Shanghai Rolex Masters.
Economic Development Quarterly
Economic Development Quarterly is a peer-reviewed academic journal covering the field of economics. The journal's editors-in-chief are Larry C. Ledebur (Cleveland State University), Timothy J. Bartik (Upjohn Institute for Employment Research), and George A. Erickcek (Upjohn Institute for Employment Research). It was established in 1987 and is currently published by SAGE Publications in association with Cleveland State University.

Cleveland State University
Cleveland State University (CSU) is a public research university in Cleveland, Ohio, United States. It was established in 1964 and opened for classes in 1965 after acquiring the entirety of Fenn College, a private school that had been in operation since 1923. CSU absorbed the Cleveland-Marshall School of Law in 1969. Today it is part of the University System of Ohio, has more than 120,000 alumni, and offers over 200 academic programs amongst eight colleges. It is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity".
Triphysaria floribunda
Triphysaria floribunda is a rare species of flowering plant in the family Orobanchaceae known by the common name San Francisco owl's-clover. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the San Francisco Bay Area. It is limited to coastal regions of Marin, San Francisco, and San Mateo Counties, where it occurs in coastal prairie habitats, sometimes on serpentine soils.

Orobanchaceae
Orobanchaceae, the broomrapes, is a family of mostly parasitic plants of the order Lamiales, with about 90 genera and more than 2000 species. Many of these genera (e.g., Pedicularis, Rhinanthus, Striga) were formerly included in the family Scrophulariaceae sensu lato. With its new circumscription, Orobanchaceae forms a distinct, monophyletic family. From a phylogenetic perspective, it is defined as the largest crown clade containing Orobanche major and relatives, but neither Paulownia tomentosa nor Phryma leptostachya nor Mazus japonicus.

The Orobanchaceae are annual herbs or perennial herbs or shrubs, and most (all except Lindenbergia, Rehmannia and Triaenophora) are parasitic on the roots of other plants—either holoparasitic or hemiparasitic (fully or partly parasitic). The holoparasitic species lack chlorophyll and therefore cannot perform photosynthesis.
Jhakrasi
Jhakrasi is a village in Rahi block of Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 6 km from Rae Bareli, the district headquarters. As of 2011, it has a population of 3,828 people, in 720 households. It has one primary school and no healthcare facilities. Jhakrasi hosts a weekly market on Wednesdays, with leather and goats being the main items traded.

The 1961 census recorded Jhakrasi as comprising 11 hamlets, with a total population of 1,442 people (736 male and 706 female), in 285 households and 242 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,176 acres. Average attendance of the Wednesday market was about 400 people.

The 1981 census recorded Jhakrasi as having a population of 2,190 people, in 384 households, and having an area of 509.11 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.

Rahi, Raebareli
Rahi is a village and corresponding community development block in Rae Bareli district, Uttar Pradesh, India. It is located 7 km from Rae Bareli, the district headquarters, which according to one folk etymology is named after the village. Rahi was formerly the seat of a pargana before Rae Bareli replaced it in that capacity. As of 2011, Rahi has a population of 7,536 people, in 1,373 households. It has one primary school and one medical clinic.

The 1961 census recorded Rahi as comprising 10 hamlets, with a total population of 2,950 people (1,664 male and 1,286 female), in 617 households and 576 physical houses. The area of the village was given as 1,708 acres and it had a post office at that point. It had one grain mill and 3 makers of jewellery and/or precious metal items.

The 1981 census recorded Rahi as having a population of 4,611 people, in 951 households, and having an area of 363.30 hectares. The main staple foods were given as wheat and rice.
HMS Scylla (98)
HMS Scylla was a Dido-class cruiser of the Royal Navy. She was built by Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company (Greenock, Scotland), with the keel being laid down on 19 April 1939.  She was launched on 24 July 1940 and commissioned 12 June 1942.

One of two sisters (the other was, appropriately, Charybdis, see Scylla and Charybdis), Scylla was completed with four twin QF 4.5 in Mk.III in UD MK III mountings because of a shortage of the intended QF 5.25 inch gun mountings.

The forward superstructure was considerably modified to accommodate the different guns and also to increase crew spaces. Known as the 'toothless terrors', they proved to be very good anti-aircraft ships, often leading to comparisons with their sisters armed with the heavier QF 5.25 in (133 mm) guns.

Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company
Scotts Shipbuilding and Engineering Company Limited, often referred to simply as Scotts, was a Scottish shipbuilding company based in Greenock on the River Clyde. In its time in Greenock, Scotts built over 1,250 ships.
Lindboe
Lindboe is a Norwegian surname. Notable people with the surname include:

André Lindboe (born 1988), Norwegian handball player

Anne Lindboe (born 1971), Norwegian politician and paediatrician

Asbjørn Lindboe (1889–1967), Norwegian politician

Erling Lindboe (1910–1973), Norwegian speed skater

Einar Fr. Lindboe (1876–1953), Norwegian Nordic skier, skiing official, and surgeon

Kaare Lindboe (1939–2021), Norwegian football referee and journalist

Karin Kinge Lindboe (born 1947), Norwegian children's writer

Scandinavian family name etymology
Heritable family names were generally adopted rather late within Scandinavia. Nobility were the first to take names that would be passed on from one generation to the next. Later, clergy, artisans and merchants in cities took heritable names. Family names (surnames) were still used together with primary patronyms (father's name plus an affix denoting relationship), which were used by all social classes. This meant that most families until modern times did not have surnames. Scandinavian patronyms were generally derived from the father's given name with the addition of a suffix meaning 'son' or 'daughter' or by occupation like Møller - ( Miller ) naming tradition remained commonly used throughout the Scandinavian countries during the time of surname formation.
Forms of the patronymic suffixes include: -son, -sen, -fen, -søn, -ler, -zen, -zon/zoon, and -sson,'datter'.
Pedro Gallese
Pedro David Gallese Quiroz (born 23 February 1990) is a Peruvian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Categoría Primera A club Deportivo Cali and the Peru national team, which he captains.

2021 MLS All-Star Game
The 2021 Major League Soccer All-Star Game was the 25th edition of the annual Major League Soccer All-Star Game, an exhibition soccer match in the United States. The game, featuring the MLS All-Stars taking on the Liga MX All-Stars, was played at Banc of California Stadium in Los Angeles, California.

The game was originally scheduled to take place on July 29, 2020, during the 2020 season, but was postponed on May 19, 2021, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. The game was televised domestically on Fox Sports 1 and Univision in the United States, and on TSN and TVA Sports in Canada.

The MLS All-Stars won the match 3–2 on penalties after the 90 minute-match ended in a 1–1 tie.
Kritarchy
Kritarchy, also called kritocracy, was the system of rule by Hebrew Bible judges (Hebrew: שׁוֹפְטִים, romanized: Šop̄əṭim, see also shophetim) in ancient Israel, started by Moses according to the Book of Exodus, before the establishment of a united monarchy under Saul.

Because the name is a compound of the ancient Greek words κριτής, krites ("judge") and ἄρχω, árkhō ("to rule"), its colloquial use has expanded to cover rule by judges in the modern sense as well. To contrast such a rule by (modern) judges with the actual form of the 1996 Constitution of South Africa, judge Albie Sachs coined the term dikastocracy for it, from δικαστής ("judge"), rejecting the coinage juristocracy for being an admixture of Latin and Greek. The word jurocracy has also been used by others.

George Ayittey
George B. N. Ayittey (13 October 1945 – 28 January 2022) was a Ghanaian economist and author. He was president of the Free Africa Foundation in Washington, D.C., a professor at American University, and an associate scholar at the Foreign Policy Research Institute.

He championed the argument that "Africa is poor because she is not free," that the primary cause of African poverty is less a result of the oppression and mismanagement by colonial powers, but rather a result of modern oppressive native autocrats and socialist central planning policies. He also went beyond criticism of the status quo to advocate for specific ways to address the abuses of the past and present; specifically he called for democratic government, debt reexamination, modernized infrastructure, free market economics, and free trade to promote development.
6th New York State Legislature
The 6th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from July 8, 1782, to March 27, 1783, during the sixth year of George Clinton's governorship, first at Poughkeepsie, then at Kingston.

Orange County, New York
Orange County is a county located in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 United States census, the population was 401,310. The county seat is Goshen. This county was first created in 1683 and reorganized with its present boundaries in 1798. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.

Orange County is part of the Kiryas Joel-Poughkeepsie-Newburgh metropolitan statistical area, which belongs to the larger New York–Newark–Bridgeport, NY–NJ–CT–PA Combined Statistical Area.

As of the 2020 census the center of population of the state of New York was located in Orange County, in the hamlet of Cuddebackville.
2021 Britcar Trophy Championship
The 2021 Britcar Trophy Championship (known for sponsorship reasons as the 2021 Goodyear Britcar Trophy Championship) is a motor racing championship for production cars held across England. The Trophy championship was created specifically for production vehicles as a Britcar championship separate from the much faster GT and Touring Cars of the Endurance Championship. It will be the 20th season of a Britcar championship and the 2nd Britcar Trophy Championship season. The season began on 28 March at Silverstone Circuit and end on 14 November at Brands Hatch.

The championship includes Class 1, 2 and 3 cars, formerly Classes 5, 6 and 7. The Michelin Clio Cup Series also joined the Britcar Trophy Championship grid with the Clio cars having a separate class but still eligible to compete for the overall championship title.

Britcar
Britcar is an endurance sports car racing and touring car racing series in the United Kingdom.

It was formed in 1997, as a result of a discussion in a Nürburgring bar between Willie Moore and James Tucker. Folklore has it that James Tucker and John Veness formed the organizing European Endurance & Racing Club (EERC) with a £10 note found on the ground.  The foremost aim was the re-introduction of a 24-hour race in Britain.

At the end of the 2015 season, James sold the Britcar rights to Hedley Cowell Events Ltd. For the 2016 season, Claire Hedley re-launched Britcar Endurance as the Dunlop Endurance Championship and Dunlop Trophy Championship. For 2020 the series was invited to support the FIA World Endurance Championship races at Spa-Francorchamps and Silverstone. The race format was 2 × 60 mins Endurance races and 2 × 50 mins Trophy races.
Pseudotichia
Pseudotichia is a fungal genus in the family Lichinaceae. It comprises the single species Pseudotichia vermiculata, a cyanolichen. Originally described in 1881 from material collected near Budapest, the species was later placed in Psorotichia before molecular studies demonstrated it represents a separate evolutionary line. It grows on calcareous rocks that are periodically wetted by seeping water, favouring exposed limestone surfaces. The lichen can be recognised by its dark, cracked crust with mostly embedded fruiting bodies and a distinctive cottony layer of fungal filaments anchoring it to the rock substrate.

Lichinaceae
The Lichinaceae are a family of ascomycete fungi in the order Lichinales. Most species are lichenized with cyanobacteria, and have a distribution largely in temperate regions. In a 2024 molecular phylogenetics-informed revision, the circumscription of Lichinaceae was narrowed and the class Lichinomycetes was re‑structured into four families (three emended and one new), with many genera moved to Porocyphaceae, Phylliscaceae, or the newly erected Lichinellaceae. The family contain about 125 species in roughly 25 genera.
Portlandia season 7
The seventh season of the television comedy Portlandia premiered on IFC in the United States on January 5 and concluded on March 9, 2017 with a total of 10 episodes. The series stars Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein.

Portlandia
Portlandia is an American sketch comedy television series starring Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein, set in and around Portland, Oregon, and spoofing the city's reputation as a haven for eccentric hipsters. The show was produced by Broadway Video Television and IFC Original Productions. It was created by Armisen and Brownstein, along with Jonathan Krisel, who directed it. It debuted on IFC in 2011 and concluded in 2018 after eight seasons.

The show shared its title with the sculpture of the same name that sits above the entrance of the Portland Building on Fifth Avenue in downtown Portland, which appears in the show's title sequence.  The show won a Peabody Award.
Sobeys Slam
The Sobeys Slam was a former Grand Slam event of the Women's World Curling Tour. It was held annually in November in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia.

The event began in 1998 as the Sobeys Curling Classic. It was added as a Grand Slam event for the 2007-08 curling season, and was renamed the "Sobeys Slam". The event was not held for the 2009-10 curling season; however, it was brought back once more for the 2010-11 curling season, before coming to an end. The total purse of the event was $60,000.

New Glasgow, Nova Scotia
New Glasgow is a town in Pictou County, in the province of Nova Scotia, Canada. It is situated on the banks of the East River of Pictou, which flows into Pictou Harbour, a sub-basin of the Northumberland Strait.

The town's population was 9,471 in the 2021 census. New Glasgow is at the centre of the province's fourth largest urban area; the population of the New Glasgow census agglomeration in the 2021 census was 34,397. The New Glasgow census agglomeration includes the smaller adjacent towns of Stellarton, Westville, and Trenton as well as adjacent rural areas of the county.
Huang Quan (general)
Huang Quan (died May or June 240), courtesy name Gongheng, was a Chinese military general and politician 
of the state of Cao Wei during the Three Kingdoms period of China. He previously served under the warlords Liu Zhang and Liu Bei during the late Eastern Han dynasty and in the state of Shu Han (founded by Liu Bei) during the early Three Kingdoms period before defecting to Cao Wei. Liu Bei relied heavily on Huang Quan for counsel in both domestic and foreign policy. Under the Wei government, however, Huang Quan was restricted to only internal affairs because even though the Wei emperor Cao Pi appreciated him for his talent, he doubted Huang Quan's allegiance and believed he was still secretly loyal to Liu Bei.

Chen Shou
Chen Shou (Chinese: 陳壽; 233–297), courtesy name Chengzuo (承祚), was a Chinese historian, politician, and writer who lived during the Three Kingdoms period and Jin dynasty of China. Chen Shou is best known for his most celebrated work, the Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi), which records the history of the late Eastern Han dynasty and the Three Kingdoms period. Chen Shou wrote the Sanguozhi primarily in the form of biographies of notable persons of those eras. Today, Chen's Records of the Three Kingdoms is part of the Twenty-Four Histories canon of Chinese history.
Chinese food therapy
Chinese food therapy (simplified Chinese: 食疗; traditional Chinese: 食療; pinyin: shíliáo; lit. 'food therapy', also called nutrition therapy and dietary therapy) is a mode of dieting rooted in Chinese beliefs concerning the effects of food on the human organism, and centered on concepts such as seasonal eating and in moderation. Its basic precepts are a mix of Taoist Wuxing and eight principle theory that are concepts drawn from the modern representation of traditional Chinese medicine. Food that conform to the mode are called yaoshan (simplified Chinese: 药膳; traditional Chinese: 藥膳; pinyin: yàoshàn; lit. 'drug-food').

Food therapy has long been a common approach to health among Chinese people both in China and overseas, and was popularized for western readers in the 1990s with the publication of books like The Tao of Healthy Eating (Flaws 1995a) and The Wisdom of the Chinese Kitchen (Young 1999).

Eight principles
The eight principles are a core concept of traditional Chinese medicine based on Confucianism. The identification and differentiation of syndromes according to the eight principles is one of the earliest examples of critical and deductive thinking for diagnosis.

The eight principles are:

Exterior and interior (simplified Chinese: 里表; traditional Chinese: 裡表; pinyin: lǐ biǎo)

Cold and hot (simplified Chinese: 寒热; traditional Chinese: 寒熱; pinyin: hán rè)

Empty and full (simplified Chinese: 虛实; traditional Chinese: 虛實; pinyin: xū shí)

Yin and yang (simplified Chinese: 阴阳; traditional Chinese: 陰陽; pinyin: yīn yáng)
Kieran Conway
Kieran Conway (c. 1950 – 13 June 2025) was a former member of the Provisional IRA, who acted as its Director of Intelligence. After the organization called a ceasefire in the early 1990s, he became a lawyer in the city of Dublin.

Proletarian revolution
A proletarian revolution or proletariat revolution is a social revolution in which the proletariat attempts to overthrow the bourgeoisie and change the previous political system. Proletarian revolutions are generally advocated by socialists, communists and anarchists.
Hospital-at-home
Hospital-at-home (HAH, known by various other names such as home hospital and virtual wards) is a healthcare model characterized by delivery of inpatient level health services at a residence rather than the traditional setting of a licensed health facility.

Though at-home health services have previously existed in forms such as house calls and home care, delivery of acute inpatient care in this setting only gained footing in the late 20th century, accelerating significantly with the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic in the 2020s and the expansion of telehealth capabilities.

Health facility
A health facility is, in general, any location where healthcare is provided. Health facilities range from small clinics and doctor's offices to urgent care centers and large hospitals with elaborate emergency rooms and trauma centers. The number and quality of health facilities in a country or region is one common measure of that area's prosperity and quality of life. In many countries, health facilities are regulated to some extent by law; licensing by a regulatory agency is often required before a facility may open for business. Health facilities may be owned and operated by for-profit businesses, non-profit organizations, governments, and, in some cases, individuals, with proportions varying by country. See also the recent review paper,
Climazolam
Climazolam (Ro21-3982) was introduced under licence as a veterinary medicine by the Swiss Pharmaceutical company Gräub under the tradename Climasol. Climazolam is a benzodiazepine, specifically an imidazobenzodiazepine derivative developed by Hoffman-LaRoche. It is similar in structure to midazolam and diclazepam and is used in veterinary medicine for anesthetizing animals.

Diclazepam
Diclazepam (Ro5-3448), also known as chlorodiazepam and 2'-chloro-diazepam, is a benzodiazepine  and functional analog of diazepam. It was first synthesized by Leo Sternbach and his team at Hoffman-La Roche in 1960. It is not currently approved for use as a medication, but rather sold as an unscheduled substance. Efficacy and safety have not been tested in humans.

In animal models, its effects are similar to diazepam, possessing long-acting anxiolytic, anticonvulsant, hypnotic, sedative, skeletal muscle relaxant, and amnestic properties.
Rodrigo Fernández de Castro
Rodrigo Fernández de Castro (died after 1144), called the Bald (el Calvo), was a Castilian nobleman and soldier. One of the founders of the House of Castro, he was the second son of Fernando García de Hita and Tegridia (or Trigidia), sister or aunt of Count Rodrigo Martínez and relative of the Ansúrez family. His paternal grandfather may have been García Ordóñez, who died at the battle of Uclés in 1108.

House of Castro
The House of Castro is an Iberian noble lineage, beginning mainly in the kingdoms of Castile, Galicia, and Portugal. Though its exact origins are disputed, the House of Castro became one of the most powerful families of the Spanish and Portuguese nobility.