hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John B. Marks
John Bennet Marks (1777 – March 7, 1872) was a naval clerk, farmer and political figure in Upper Canada. He represented Frontenac in the Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada from 1836 to 1841 as a Conservative.

He was born in Plymouth, England. Marks joined the Royal Navy in 1793 and later came to Upper Canada. He served as purser for the Kingston Royal Naval Dockyard during the War of 1812. He was secretary to Commodore Robert Barrie from 1819 to 1834 and a naval storekeeper in Kingston from 1834 to 1844. He was the patron of St. Mark's church, Barriefield. Marks retired to a farm near Barriefield. He served as a colonel in the militia and was a justice of the peace for the Midland District. Marks died in Kingston.

Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada
The Legislative Assembly of Upper Canada was the elected part of the legislature for the province of Upper Canada, functioning as the lower house in the Parliament of Upper Canada.  Its legislative power was subject to veto by the appointed Lieutenant Governor, Executive Council, and Legislative Council.

The first elections in Upper Canada, in which only land-owning males were permitted to vote, were held in August 1792.

The first session of the Assembly's sixteen members was held in Newark, Upper Canada (today's Niagara-on-the-Lake) on 17 September 1792. The Assembly was dissolved in 1796 and reconvened for twelve more sessions between 1797 and 1840 in modest buildings in York, the new capital of Upper Canada. Members continued to be elected by land-owning males to represent counties and the larger towns.

During the War of 1812, U.S. troops won the Battle of York and burned down the government buildings.
Cerium(III) methanesulfonate
Cerium(III) methanesulfonate is a white salt, usually found as the dihydrate with the formula Ce(CH3SO3)3·2H2O that precipitates from the neutralisation of cerium(III) carbonate with methanesulfonic acid, as first reported by L.B. Zinner in 1979. The crystals have a monoclinic polymeric structure were each methanesulfonate ion forms bonds with two cerium atoms, which present a coordination number of 8. The anhydrous salt is formed by water loss at 120 °C. Similar methanesulfonates can be prepared with other lanthanides. Cerium(III) methanesulfonate in solution is used as a precursor of electrogenerated cerium(IV), which is a strong oxidant and whose salts can be used in organic synthesis. The same principle of Ce(IV) electrogeneration is the fundamental reaction in the positive half-cell of the zinc–cerium battery.

Mesylate
In organosulfur chemistry, a mesylate is any salt or ester of methanesulfonic acid (CH3SO3H). In salts, the mesylate is present as the CH3SO−3 anion. When modifying the international nonproprietary name of a pharmaceutical substance containing the group or anion, the spelling used is sometimes mesilate (as in imatinib mesilate, the mesylate salt of imatinib).

Mesylate esters are a group of organic compounds that share a common functional group with the general structure CH3SO2O−R, abbreviated MsO−R, where R is an organic substituent. Mesylate is considered a leaving group in nucleophilic substitution reactions.
Kokkedal
Kokkedal (Danish pronunciation: [ˈkʰʌkəˌtɛˀl]) is the municipal seat of Fredensborg Municipality and a northern settlement in the urban area of Hørsholm, located on the coastline of northern Zealand, Denmark, between the two towns, Nivå and Hørsholm, 30 km north of Copenhagen. The settlement is connected with the Oresundtrain towards Helsingør to the north and Copenhagen to the south, with extensions to Malmö and other major cities in southern Sweden.

Fredensborg Municipality
Fredensborg Municipality (Danish: Fredensborg Kommune) is a municipality (Danish, kommune) in Region Hovedstaden (Capital Region). The municipality covers an area of 112.13 km2 and has a total population of 42,186 (as of 1 January 2025). Its mayor, since 2010, is Thomas Lykke Pedersen, a member of the Social Democrats (Socialdemokraterne) political party.

The municipality was created on 1 January 2007, in a merger of the former municipalities of Karlebo Kommune and Fredensborg-Humlebæk Kommune, switching the political powers from the conservative party to the Social Democrats.

Fredensborg Palace is the Danish Royal Family's spring and autumn residence. Queen Ingrid of Denmark and Prince Consort Henrik died there.
Swapnote
Swapnote, known as Nintendo Letter Box in Europe and Australia, and Suddenly Exchange Diary in Japanese, is a messaging application exclusive to the Nintendo 3DS. It was released in December 2011 on the Nintendo eShop. Swapnote was the successor to PictoChat for the Nintendo DS.

Nintendo eShop
The Nintendo eShop is a digital distribution service for the Nintendo Switch and the Nintendo Switch 2, and formerly available via the Nintendo Network for the 
Nintendo 3DS and Wii U. Launched in June 2011 on the Nintendo 3DS, the Nintendo eShop served as the successor to both the Wii Shop Channel and DSi Shop. It is also a multitasking application, which means it is easily accessible even when a game is already running in the background through the system software. The Nintendo eShop features downloadable games, demos, applications, streaming videos, consumer rating feedback, and other information on upcoming game releases. The service was discontinued globally for the Nintendo 3DS and Wii U in March 2023, continuing only on the Switch and Switch 2.
1994 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1994 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the 73rd staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912. The championship began on 11 May 1994 and ended on 17 July 1994.

Clare entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Cork in the Munster final.

The All-Ireland final was played on 17 July 1994 at Fraher Field in Dungarvan, between Cork and Kilkenny, in what was their first meeting in the final in 78 years. Cork won the match by 2-13 to 2-11 to claim their 11th championship title overall and a first title since 1987.

Kilkenny's Ollie O'Connor was the championship's top scorer with 3-22.

1916 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship
The 1916 All-Ireland Junior Hurling Championship was the fifth staging of the All-Ireland Junior Championship since its establishment by the Gaelic Athletic Association in 1912.

Tipperary entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Cork in the Munster final.

The All-Ireland final was played on 16 September 1917 at the Athletic Grounds in Cork, between Cork and Kilkenny, in what was their first ever meeting in the final. Cork won the match by 4–06 to 3–04 to claim their second championship title overall and a first title since 1912.
Edmund H. Lewis
Edmund Harris Lewis **Edmund H. Lewis** (August 30, 1884, Syracuse, Onondaga County, New York – July 31, 1972, Skaneateles, Onondaga County, New York) was an American lawyer and politician from New York who served as Chief Judge of the Chief Judge of the New York Court of Appeals from 1953 to 1954.

Onondaga County, New York
Onondaga County (/ˌɒnənˈdɑːɡə/ ON-ən-DAH-gə) is a county in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2020 census, the population was 476,516. The county seat is Syracuse. The county is part of the Central New York region of the state.

Onondaga County is the core of the Syracuse Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Nikolai Kuznetsov (pianist)
Nikolai Nikolaevich Kuznetsov (Russian: Николай Николаевич Кузнецов; also Nikolay Nikolaevich Kuznetsov; born 26 December 1994) is a Russian pianist. He is the winner of the Grand Prix at the "Monte-Carlo Piano Masters 2021", which is held under the patronage of Albert II, Prince of Monaco.

Moscow Conservatory
The Moscow Conservatory, also officially Tchaikovsky Moscow State Conservatory (Russian: Московская государственная консерватория им. П. И. Чайковского, romanized: Moskovskaya gosudarstvennaya konservatoriya im. P. I. Chaykovskogo) is a higher musical educational institution located in Moscow, Russia. It grants undergraduate and graduate degrees in musical performance and musical research. The conservatory offers various degrees including Bachelor of Music Performance, Master of Music and PhD in research.
Naria erosa
Naria erosa, common name the gnawed or eroded cowry,  is a species of sea snail, a cowry, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Cypraeidae, the cowries.

Subspecies

Naria erosa chlorizans (Melvill, 1888)

Naria erosa erosa (Linnaeus, 1758)

Cypraeidae
Cypraeidae, commonly named the cowries (sg. cowry or cowrie), is a taxonomic family of small to large sea snails. These are marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cypraeoidea, the cowries and cowry allies.
Gregory van der Wiel
Gregory Kurtley van der Wiel (born 3 February 1988) is a Dutch former professional footballer who played as a right-back.

Born in Amsterdam, Van der Wiel is a product of the AFC Ajax youth system. In 2010, he was awarded the Johan Cruyff Award for "Young Player of the Year" in the Netherlands. He also played for Paris Saint-Germain, Fenerbahçe, Cagliari and Toronto FC.

Van der Wiel made his debut for the Netherlands national team in February 2009 and participated in the Netherlands' runners-up performance at the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa. Dutch teammate John Heitinga has labelled him the spiritual successor of Michael Reiziger for the Netherlands.

2009–10 KNVB Cup
The 2009–10 KNVB Cup was the 92nd edition of the Dutch national football knockout tournament for the KNVB Cup. 88 teams contested beginning on 29 August 2009 with the matches of Round 1 and culminated with a double-leg final on 25 April and 6 May 2010.

SC Heerenveen unsuccessfully defended its 2009 title, losing in Round 4 to PSV.

On 15 April, the Royal Dutch Football Association (KNVB) announced that the final was to be played over two legs due to anticipated violence between supporters of participants Ajax and Feyenoord in a rivalry known as the Klassieker. The first leg of the final was staged in Amsterdam on April 25, with winning 2–0. The return followed on 6 May in Rotterdam, with Ajax winning 4–1, therefore 6–1 on aggregate. Ajax qualified for the play-off round of the 2010–11 UEFA Europa League.
Mormon folk music
Mormon folk music is primarily composed of folk music which was sung by Mormon pioneers in present-day Utah from the mid-19th century through the early 20th century. A notable historical component of Utah music, the popularity of Mormon folk music declined along with traditional music nationally after the advent of music recording. However, the popularity of uniquely Mormon folk music had already begun its decline before the end of the 19th century. Mormon folk songs generally showcase pioneer-era Mormon unity and communal values.

Music of Utah
The cultural Music of Utah, while having been significantly influenced by the presence of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), includes several thriving local scenes and a large number of musicians across a variety of genres. That said, much of the distinctiveness of Utah's musical traditions has derived from the interaction between individuals of multiple beliefs in the uniquely religious context of the state.
Rickey Smiley For Real
Rickey Smiley For Real is an American reality television series that premiered on November 10, 2015, on TV One. The series follows the life of comedian and radio show host Rickey Smiley as he juggles between his career, fatherhood and personal life, with the two main settings being Birmingham, Alabama (his hometown) and Atlanta, Georgia (where he hosts his syndicated radio show).

"[The show] showcases the ‘real’ Rickey," said D’Angela Proctor, the network's vice president. "We see his real job, real friends, real kids and his really crazy life. As a successful member of our Radio One family, Rickey’s return to TV One is sure to resonate with our audience." Smiley had previously starred on his own scripted series on TV One titled The Rickey Smiley Show.

In April 2016, TV One renewed the series for a second season which premiered on May 10, 2016. On August 13, 2018, TV One renewed the series for a fifth season that premiered on October 30, 2018.

The Rickey Smiley Show
The Rickey Smiley Show is an American television sitcom that aired on TV One and premiered September 18, 2012. The series stars Rickey Smiley, J. Anthony Brown, Noree Victoria, Demetria McKinney, Lil' JJ, Ajiona Alexus, Gabriel Burgess, Roz Ryan, and Ray J. The Rickey Smiley Show was renewed for a 26 episode second season in March 2013, that premiered on July 26, 2013. In April 2015, the series was canceled after three seasons.
Seabed tractor
A seabed tractor is a type of remotely operated underwater vehicle. They can be  used for submarine cable laying or burial of cables or pipelines.  This type of vehicle consists of a tracked crawler excavator device, configured for the task. It is controlled from the vessel by an umbilical cable. Operating seabed tractors is similar to operating other remotely operated vehicles. The seabed tractor operator drives the unit as if on board, using cameras on the unit for visual feedback, and other instrumentation.

Remotely operated underwater vehicle
A remotely operated underwater vehicle (ROUV) or remotely operated vehicle (ROV) is a free-swimming submersible craft. ROVs are used to perform underwater observation, inspection, and physical tasks such as valve operations, hydraulic functions, and other general tasks within the subsea oil and gas industry, military, scientific and other applications. ROVs can also carry tooling packages for undertaking specific tasks such as pull-in and connection of flexible flowlines and umbilicals, and component replacement. They are often used to do research and commercial work at great depths beyond the capacities of most submersibles and divers. Most users of the machines use the term "remotely operated vehicle" (ROV).
Best Kept Secret (festival)
Best Kept Secret is a three-day music festival held since 2013 in the Beekse Bergen in the village of Hilvarenbeek, which is west of Eindhoven, The Netherlands.

Best Kept Secret is a music festival with a line-up in which big names are alternated with new discoveries from indie, folk, hip-hop, rock, electronics, and a mixture of styles. The festival's centerpiece is a lake in the back of Beekse Bergen safari park. The founder of the festival said that his vision was "aiming to create something that we’d like to go to ourselves".

Best Kept Secret festival has an open air stage (ONE), three tent stages (TWO, FIVE and SEVEN), and two dance floor stages: THREE and FOUR. For the 2017 edition Best Kept Secret added 'The Casbah', a dive bar and hang-out, which hosts performances of hardcore bands. For the 2019 edition of the festival, Best Kept Secret added SEVEN, a smaller tent stage for experimental performers.

Hilvarenbeek
Hilvarenbeek (Dutch pronunciation: [ɦɪlˌvaːrə(m)ˈbeːk] ⓘ) is a municipality and a town in the south of the Netherlands, along the border with Belgium.

The biggest tourist attraction is called Beekse Bergen, consisting of a safari park, amusement park/playground, holiday bungalow park, and camping parks.

In the centre of the town the Sint-Petrus'-Banden is a Gothic church from the 14th and 15th centuries. The tower is a highlight of the Kempen Gothic.
Intsia palembanica
Intsia palembanica is a species of flowering plant in the family Fabaceae. The specific epithet palembanica is for Palembang in Sumatra, Indonesia. Common names include Borneo teak, Malacca teak and Moluccan ironwood. It is native to a wide area of tropical Asia including Bangladesh, Myanmar, the Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Intsia palembanica differs from Intsia bijuga in the number of leaflets that make up the compound leaves.

Intsia bijuga
Intsia bijuga, commonly known as Borneo teak, ipil, merbau, Johnstone River teak, and kwila, amongst many other names, is a species of tree in the flowering plant family Fabaceae, native to coastal areas from east Africa, through India and Southeast Asia to Australia and the western Pacific. It has significant importance to indigenous cultures in many parts of its range, but is also threatened by illegal logging due to its high quality timber. It is most commonly found in tropical coastal forests.
Police Bullets
Police Bullets is a 1942 American crime film directed by Jean Yarbrough and written by Edmond Kelso and Ande Lamb. The film stars Joan Marsh, John Archer, Milburn Stone, Warren Hymer, Tris Coffin and Fern Emmett. The film was released by Monogram Pictures on September 25, 1942.

Monogram Pictures
Monogram Pictures Corporation was an American film studio that produced mostly low-budget films between 1931 and 1953, when the firm completed a transition to the name Allied Artists Pictures Corporation. Monogram was among the minor studios in the golden age of Hollywood, generally referred to collectively as Poverty Row. Of the 11 permanent studios in Hollywood at the time, ranked in order of size, MGM was #1 -- and Monogram was #10 (the only one smaller was PRC).

The Monogram trademark is now owned by Allied Artists International. The original sprawling brick complex which functioned as home to both Monogram and Allied Artists remains at 4376 W Sunset Blvd, as part of the Church of Scientology Media Center (formerly KCET's television facilities).
Desmond Ford
Desmond Ford (2 February 1929 – 11 March 2019) was an Australian theologian who studied evangelicalism.

Within the Seventh-day Adventist Church he was a controversial figure. He was dismissed from ministry in the Adventist church in 1980, following his critique of the church's investigative judgment teaching. He had since worked through the non-denominational evangelical ministry Good News Unlimited.
Ford disagreed with some aspects of traditional Adventist end-time beliefs. However, he still defended a conservative view of scripture, the Seventh-day Sabbath, and a vegetarian lifestyle. He viewed the writings of Ellen G. White as useful devotionally, but not at the level of authority held by the Church.

Ford shared the sermon time at the Good News Unlimited congregation, which meets on Saturdays in the Brisbane suburb of Milton, and in periodic seminars on the eastern seaboard of Australia.

Christian theology
Christian theology is the theology – the systematic study of the divine and religion – of Christian belief and practice. It concentrates primarily upon the texts of the Old Testament and of the New Testament, as well as on Christian tradition. Christian theologians use biblical exegesis, rational analysis and argument. Theologians may undertake the study of Christian theology for a variety of reasons, such as in order to:

help them better understand Christian tenets

make comparisons between Christianity and other traditions

defend Christianity against objections and criticism

facilitate reforms in the Christian church

assist in the propagation of Christianity

draw on the resources of the Christian tradition to address some present situation or perceived need

education in Christian philosophy, especially in Neoplatonic philosophy
Discovery Park (Hong Kong)
Discovery Park (Chinese: 愉景新城), formerly and still commonly known as D·PARK, is a residential development in Hong Kong, located at 398 Castle Peak Road, Tsuen Wan in the New Territories. The whole estate including the residential flats and the shopping centre spans over 2,700,000 square feet (250,000 m2).

Its developer is Hong Kong Resort Company Limited and New World Development Company Limited is responsible for the management of the shopping centre.

New World Development
New World Development Company Limited (NWD) is a Hong Kong–based company focused on  property,  hotels, infrastructure and services and department stores. It was established on 29 May 1970 by Cheng Yu-tung. The company is publicly listed on the Stock Exchange of Hong Kong Limited (SEHK: 17) since 23 November 1972 and was formerly a constituent stock of Hong Kong Hang Seng Index.

Over the last four decades, the group has also actively participated in various businesses in Mainland China and established itself as one of the largest foreign direct investors in the country. The group's existing investments in Mainland China has exceeded US$16.5 billion, spreading across four municipalities and over 19 provinces.
K-frame
In linear algebra, a k-frame is an ordered set of k linearly independent vectors in a vector space; thus, k ≤ n, where n is the dimension of the space, and an n-frame is precisely an ordered basis.

If the vectors are orthogonal, or orthonormal, the frame is called an orthogonal frame, or orthonormal frame, respectively.

Linear independence
In linear algebra,  a set of vectors is said to be linearly independent if there exists no vector in the set that is equal to a linear combination of the other vectors in the set. If such a vector exists, then the vectors are said to be linearly dependent. Linear independence is part of the definition of linear basis.

A vector space can be of finite dimension or infinite dimension depending on the maximum number of linearly independent vectors.  The definition of linear dependence and the ability to determine whether a subset of vectors in a vector space is linearly dependent are central to determining the dimension of a vector space.
2014 IPC Swimming European Championships – Women's 4 × 100 metre freestyle relay
The Women's 100 metre x 4 freestyle at the 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships was held at the Pieter van den Hoogenband Swimming Stadium, in Eindhoven from 4–10 August.

As with other disability relay events, the freestyle works on a points system whereby the classification numbers of each swimmer are totaled to give a number no higher than 34.

2014 IPC Swimming European Championships
The 2014 IPC Swimming European Championships was an international swimming competition held in Eindhoven, the Netherlands, from the 4th to the 10th of August. Around 375 athletes from 35 different countries attended. The venue, the Pieter van den Hoogenband Swimming Stadium, also held the 2010 IPC Swimming World Championships.
Bravi
Bravi (sing. bravo; sometimes translated as 'bravoes') were coarse soldiers or hired assassins employed by the rural lords (or dons) of northern Italy in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to protect their interests. The word derives, probably, from the Latin pravus (bad, wicked, evil) via the Spanish bravo, in the sense of violent, aggressive, savage, and impulsive.

Their fame—and their reputation as frightening and domineering bullies—rests in part on their striking presence in Alessandro Manzoni's historical novel The Betrothed (1827), which became one of the best-known Italian works of fiction of the nineteenth century and which opens with an extended description of the phenomenon. They were not, however, a fictional invention: his research into local history enabled Manzoni to ascertain from the dates of publication of various proclamations against the bravi that they had been present in Italy from at least 1583 and  until at least 1632.

Don (honorific)
The terms Don (in Spanish and Italian), Dom (in Portuguese), and Domn (in Romanian), are honorific prefixes derived from the Latin Dominus, meaning "lord" or "owner". The honorific is commonly used in Spain, Portugal, and Italy, as well as in the Spanish-speaking world and Portuguese-speaking world, as well as some other places formerly colonized by Spain or Portugal. The feminine equivalents are Doña (Spanish: [ˈdoɲa]), Donna (Italian: [ˈdɔnna]), Doamnă (Romanian) and Dona (Portuguese: [ˈdonɐ]), meaning "lady".

The term is derived from the Latin dominus: a master of a household, a title with background from the Roman Republic in classical antiquity. With the abbreviated form having emerged as such in the Middle Ages, traditionally it is reserved for Catholic clergy and nobles, in addition to certain educational authorities and persons of high distinction.