hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sancho de Tovar
Sancho de Tovar, 6th Lord of Cevico, Caracena and Boca de Huérgano (c. 1465–1547) was a Portuguese nobleman of Castilian birth, best known as a navigator and explorer during the Portuguese age of discoveries. He was the vice-admiral (soto-capitão) of the fleet that discovered Brazil in 1500, and was later appointed Governor of the East African port-city of Sofala by king Manuel I (List of colonial governors of Mozambique). In this post, he conducted several exploratory missions in the interior regions of present-day Mozambique.

Pero Vaz de Caminha
Pero Vaz de Caminha (c. 1450 – 15 December 1500; European Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈpeɾu ˈvaʒ ðɨ kɐˈmiɲɐ]; also spelled Pedro Vaz de Caminha) was a Portuguese knight that accompanied Pedro Álvares Cabral to India in 1500 as a secretary to the royal factory. Caminha wrote the detailed official report of the April 1500 discovery of Brazil by Cabral's fleet (Carta de Pêro Vaz de Caminha, dated 1 May 1500). He died in a riot in Calicut, India, at the end of that year.
Bucyrus Telegraph-Forum
Bucyrus Telegraph-Forum is a newspaper based in Bucyrus, Ohio. It was established as The Bucyrus Telegraph-Forum in 1923 by Crawford Co. Print. and Pub. Co., having evolved from several preceding entities and mergers: The Bucyrus Evening Telegraph (1894–1923), Bucyrus Journal (1864–1923), The Daily Forum (1888–1923), and The News-Forum (1901–1923). It is part of the USA Today Network, published by Gannett Co. Inc. 
Its focus is as a local newspaper, covering events and news in Bucyrus and its surrounding area, especially Crawford County, Ohio.

Bucyrus, Ohio
Bucyrus (/bjuːˈsaɪrəs/ bew-SY-rəs) is a city in Crawford County, Ohio, United States, and its county seat. It is located in northern Ohio approximately 28 miles (45 km) west of Mansfield and 66 miles (106 km) southeast of Toledo. The population was 11,684 at the 2020 census. The city is the largest in Crawford County and the center of the Bucyrus micropolitan statistical area.
Port Moresby Airfield Complex
The Port Moresby Airfield Complex was a World War II military airfield complex, built near Port Moresby in the Territory of Papua and New Guinea. It was used during the Battle of New Guinea as a base of Allied air operations primarily in 1942 and early 1943. It later became a support base as the battle moved to the north and western part of New Guinea.  It was closed and the facility turned over to civil authorities after the end of the War in September 1945.

This complex of airfields is historically significant as it was from these airfields that the Royal Australian Air Force and the United States Army Air Forces supported Allied ground forces in the Battle of New Guinea.  It represented the changing fortunes of war in the Pacific and the end of the Japanese expansion in the Southwestern Pacific during World War II.

35th Fighter Squadron
The 35th Fighter Squadron is a United States Air Force unit, assigned to the 8th Operations Group, stationed at Kunsan Air Base, South Korea. The squadron operates the General Dynamics F-16 Fighting Falcon aircraft conducting air superiority missions.

The 35th FS is one of two squadrons of Block 40 F-16C/Ds at Kunsan, flying the Fighting Falcon since 1981. The 35th is one of the oldest squadrons in the United States Air Force, its history dating to 12 June 1917, when the unit was activated as the 35th Aero Squadron.
The Ultimate Hits Collection (Juice Newton album)
The Ultimate Hits Collection is a compilation album by country pop singer Juice Newton. It was released by Fuel Records in 2011. All ten tracks from Newton's 1998 album The Trouble With Angels were included in this release (in remixed form) along with ten other recordings from various other Newton albums and one new track. An iTunes edition added two more tracks.

Quiet Lies
Quiet Lies is the seventh studio album by American country pop artist Juice Newton, released in 1982. It reached number 20 on the Billboard 200, her highest position on the chart, and included three major hits: "Love's Been a Little Bit Hard on Me", "Break It to Me Gently", and "Heart of the Night". Quiet Lies sold more than 900,000 copies in the United States in 1982 (earning Newton her fourth RIAA Gold certification) and was re-issued on CD in 1990 and 2006.
Service, Office and Retail Workers' Union of Canada
The Service, Office and Retail Workers' Union of Canada (SORWUC) was an independent feminist labour union based in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. It was organized and led by women workers, though membership was not restricted by gender. It was formed from members who were part of the Vancouver Women's Caucus. SORWUC organized across a number of industries, including bank employees, restaurant workers, and day care centres from 1972 to 1986. SORWUC defended Stella Bliss in her attempt to receive unemployment benefits while pregnant. The case eventually became Bliss v Canada.

Vancouver Women's Caucus
The Vancouver Women’s Caucus is Canadian feminist organization active from 1968 to 1971. The group founded an abortion awareness campaign which included the Abortion Caravan. The group was also responsible for shutting down Parliament for the first time in Canadian history. Other initiatives include advocacy for working women and hosting a peace conference with Indo-Chinese women.

The group was initially founded in 1968 by students from Simon Fraser University in Burnaby, British Columbia.
Nicktoons Racing
Nicktoons Racing is a racing video game developed by Software Creations for the PlayStation and Microsoft Windows. An abridged version was developed by Pipe Dream for the Game Boy Color in 2000, while Crawfish Interactive developed another abridged version for the Game Boy Advance in 2002. An arcade version developed by Chicago Gaming was released in 2003.

Ren and Stimpy (characters)
Ren L. Höek and Stimpson J. "Stimpy" Cat are the titular characters of the Nickelodeon animated series The Ren & Stimpy Show and its 2003 spin-off Ren & Stimpy "Adult Party Cartoon". Series creator John Kricfalusi created the characters during his stay at Sheridan College and they first appeared on film in the pilot episode "Big House Blues". Ren is a scrawny, emotionally unstable and psychotic "Asthma Hound" Chihuahua and his best friend Stimpy is a dim-witted, but good-natured Manx cat. The series portrays their wacky, bizarre and often surreal misadventures.
Bert Hölldobler
Berthold Karl Hölldobler BVO (born 25 June 1936) is a German zoologist, sociobiologist and evolutionary biologist who studies evolution and social organization in ants. He is the author of several books, including The Ants, for which he and his co-author, E. O. Wilson, received the Pulitzer Prize for non-fiction writing in 1991.

Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction
The Pulitzer Prize for General Nonfiction is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are awarded annually for the "Letters, Drama, and Music" category. The award is given to a nonfiction book written by an American author and published during the preceding calendar year that is ineligible for any other Pulitzer Prize. The Prize has been awarded since 1962; beginning in 1980, one to three finalists have been announced alongside the winner.
Mangyongdae Children's Palace
The Mangyongdae Children's Palace (or Mangyongdae School Children's Palace) in Pyongyang is a public facility managed by Korean Youth Corps in North Korea where pioneer members can engage in extra-curricular activities, such as learning music, foreign languages, computing skills and sports. It was established on 2 May 1989 and it is situated in Kwangbok (Liberation) Street, in the north of Mangyongdae-guyok. It is the largest of the palaces in North Korea dedicated to children's after-school activities. In front of the Children's Palace there are a grand sculpture group and two enormous fountains, rising 90 and 100 metres.

The Mangyongdae Children's Palace has 120 rooms, a swimming pool, a gymnasium and a 2,000-seat theatre. The Mangyongdae Children's Palace is not to be confused with the Pyongyang Children's Palace situated in the north of the Kim Il-sung Square and founded in 1963.

Kim Il Sung Square
Kim Il Sung Square (Korean: 김일성광장) is a large city square in the Central District of Pyongyang, North Korea, and is named after the country's founding leader, Kim Il Sung. The square was constructed in 1954 according to a master plan for reconstructing the capital after the destruction of the Korean War. It was opened in August 1954. The square is located on the foot of the Namsan Hill, west bank of the Taedong River, directly opposite the Juche Tower on the other side of the river. It is the 37th largest square in the world, having an area of about 75,000 square metres (807,293 square feet) which can accommodate a rally of more than 100,000 people.  The square has a great cultural significance, as it is a common gathering place for concerts, rallies, dances and military parades and is often featured in media concerning North Korea.
Renadu
Kundu River basin or catchment area is called Renadu i.e., River Kundu flowing area is called as Renadu. This region was ruled by Telugu Chodas of Renadu and Pottapi from late 5th century CE to 11th century CE.

Kundu River starts at Uppalapadu Village of Orvakal Mandal in Nandyala District. It flows through Orvakal, Gadivemula, Nandyal, Koilkuntla, Uyyalawada, areas of Nandyal district and Jammalamadugu, Proddatur areas of Kadapa district and merge with Penna River near Kamalapuram, Kadapa District.

The heart of Renadu is an area containing the lands of Nossam, Uyyalawada, Koilkuntla, Owk, Jammalamadugu, and Proddatur which now form part of the Nandyal district and Kadapa district in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh.

Orvakal
Orvakal is a village and the headquarters of Orvakal mandal, located in the Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh, India. Orvakal is part of the Kurnool Urban Development Authority (KUDA) and also situated along the Hyderabad-Bengaluru Industrial Corridor (HBIC).
Spjald
Spjald is a village (landsby) in Denmark, in the western part of the Jutland Peninsula, Denmark. Spjald with its 1,342 inhabitants (2025) is the sixth largest village in Ringkøbing-Skjern Municipality, the largest municipality in Denmark with 55,582 inhabitants (2025).

Spjald is located on primary route 11 centrally located in the area between Holstebro, Herning, Ringkøbing and Skjern. More precisely, the village is located 28 km south of Holstebro, 21 km north of Skjern and 20 km northeast of Ringkøbing.

The village's inhabitants are called Spjald-borgere (English: Citizens of Spjald). In 2009, Spjald was named "Village of the Year" by the Central Denmark Region

Herning
Herning (Danish pronunciation: [ˈhɛɐ̯ne̝ŋ]) is a Danish town in the Central Denmark Region of the Jutland peninsula. It is the main town and the administrative seat of Herning Municipality. Herning has a population of 51,782 (1 January 2025) including the suburbs of Tjørring, Snejbjerg, Lind, Birk, Hammerum, and Gjellerup, making Herning the 12th most populous urban area in Denmark.
Spirorhaphe
Spirorhaphe (sometimes misspelt Spiroraphe) is an ichnogenus of spiraling burrows. It is associated with the Nereites ichnofacies, which is interpreted as an indicator of deep-sea, pelagic, turbidity current-dominated systems. It is one of the most common graphoglyptid traces found in modern ocean beds.

Nereites
Nereites is an ichnogenus of trace fossil. Modern tracemakers of incipient Nereites include worm-like organisms, horseshoe crabs and hermit crabs. Traditionally, two models have been proposed for Nereites:

in the ‘worm model’, Nereites is a feeding burrow produced by wormlike organisms, probing and backfilling laterally

in the ‘arthropod model’, the characteristic lobes are pressure-release structures made by arthropod legs. According to this interpretation, Nereites is a locomotion trail
2023 Tre Valli Varesine
The 2023 Tre Valli Varesine was the 102nd edition of the Tre Valli Varesine road cycling one day race, which was held in the Lombardy region of northwestern Italy on 3 October 2023. The race was the third of the 2023 Trittico Lombardo, which also included the Coppa Ugo Agostoni, held on 28 September and the Coppa Bernocchi held the day before.

Tre Valli Varesine
The Tre Valli Varesine is a semi classic European bicycle race held in Varese, Italy. From 2005 to 2019, the race was organised as a 1.HC event on the UCI Europe Tour. In 2021 it joined the UCI ProSeries calendar after being cancelled in 2020. A women's edition has been held since 2021, joining the UCI Women's ProSeries from 2024.

It is usually the first and most important race of Trittico Lombardo, which consists of three races held around the region of Lombardy on three consecutive days. These races are Tre Valli Varesine, Coppa Ugo Agostoni and Coppa Bernocchi.
Serbian Militia (1718–46)
Following the successful Austro-Turkish War of 1716–1718, and signing of peace, the Habsburgs established the Kingdom of Serbia (1718–1739) and appointed the first command cadre of the Serbian National Militia, composed of two obor-kapetans, ten kapetans, two lieutenants and one major. The obor-kapetans were Vuk Isaković "Crnobarac" and Staniša Marković "Mlatišuma". The Military Governor notified the people that he had begun to organize the Militia in Serbia to set up outposts along the Habsburg–Ottoman border, and that he had been given the authorization to hurry up. The population gladly responded to the call, and quickly, beside the regular army under the two ober-kapetans and fifteen (unter-)kapetans, 13 companies of "hajduks" were collected, who were to be used for protection of the border and other services.

Treaty of Passarowitz
The Treaty of Passarowitz, or Treaty of Požarevac, was the peace treaty signed in Požarevac (Serbian Cyrillic: Пожаревац, German: Passarowitz, Turkish: Pasarofça), a town that was in the Ottoman Empire but is now in Serbia, on 21 July 1718 between the Ottoman Empire and its adversaries, the Habsburg monarchy and the Republic of Venice.

The treaty saw the cession of several Ottoman territories to the Habsburgs, and it was regarded in its time as an extraordinary success and source of pride in Vienna. The treaty marked the end of Ottoman occupation within the Kingdom of Hungary with the cession of Belgrade, Syrmia and the Eyalet of Temesvár.
Aldo Tonti
Aldo Tonti  (2 March 1910 – 2 July 1988) was an Italian cinematographer.

Born in Rome, Tonti started his career as photographer, then entered the film industry as an assistant camera operator. He debuted as a cinematographer in 1939, with Piccoli naufraghi by Flavio Calzavara; his first important work was Ossessione by Luchino Visconti. His works include films by Federico Fellini, King Vidor, Richard Fleischer, Roberto Rossellini, John Huston, Alberto Lattuada, Mario Monicelli, Sergio Sollima, Pietro Germi, Dino Risi, Marco Ferreri. In 1961 he won a Silver Ribbon for best cinematography for Nicholas Ray's The Savage Innocents. Tonti retired in 1982.

Roberto Rossellini
Roberto Gastone Zeffiro Rossellini (8 May 1906 – 3 June 1977) was an Italian film director, screenwriter and producer. He was one of the most prominent directors of the Italian neorealist cinema, contributing to the movement with films such as Rome, Open City (1945), Paisan (1946), and Germany, Year Zero (1948). He is also known for his films starring his then wife Ingrid Bergman, Stromboli (1950), Europe '51 (1952), Journey to Italy (1954), Fear (1954) and Joan of Arc at the Stake (1954).
Vanderbilt University Law School
Vanderbilt University Law School (also known as Vanderbilt Law, or VLS) is the law school of Vanderbilt University. Established in 1874, it is one of the oldest law schools in the southern United States. Vanderbilt Law enrolls approximately 650 students, with each entering Juris Doctor class ranging from 150 to 175 students.

According to Vanderbilt Law School's 2024 ABA-required disclosures, 93.97% of the Class of 2024 obtained full-time, long-term, bar examination passage-required employment nine months after graduation, excluding solo practitioners. The dean of the law school is Chris Guthrie, who began his fourth five-year appointment as dean on July 1, 2024.

Kent Syverud
Kent Douglas Syverud (SIV-er-rood; born October 23, 1956) is an American legal scholar who has been serving as the 12th chancellor and president of Syracuse University since January 2014. He will step down as Syracuse chancellor in June 2026 and assume the role of the incoming 16th president of the University of Michigan on July 1, 2026.

He respectively served as law school deans at Washington University in St. Louis in Missouri from 2005 to 2013 and at Vanderbilt University in Tennessee from 1997 to 2005. He served as associate dean for academic affairs at the University of Michigan Law School from 1995 to 1997.
Value-added selling
Value added selling is one of several sales techniques that relies on building on the inherent value of a product or service.  By its nature the value add technique is a more flexible and customized selling approach that requires input from a defined range of average customers. This customer feedback helps sales and marketing professionals to outline value propositions that are likely to benefit the largest number of customers.

The value add may not be initially apparent in the sales overview and is often tied to upselling or vertical selling within a specific market segment. The utility of the product or service, ease of integration into the customers' business operations or time saving benefits are just a few areas that may be capitalized on when focusing on value add.

Upselling
Upselling is a sales technique where a seller invites the customer to purchase more expensive items, upgrades, or other add-ons to generate more revenue. While it usually involves marketing more profitable services or products, it can be simply exposing the customer to other options that were perhaps not considered.

It is distinct from cross-selling, in which a seller tries to sell something else. In practice, large businesses usually combine upselling and cross-selling to maximize revenue.
Vitex agnus-castus
Vitex agnus-castus (also called vitex,  chaste tree / chastetree, chasteberry, Abraham's balm, lilac chastetree, or monk's pepper) is a plant native of the Mediterranean region. It is one of the few temperate-zone species of Vitex, which is on the whole a genus of tropical and subtropical flowering plants. Vitex is a cross-pollinating plant, but its self-pollination has been recorded.

Theophrastus mentioned the shrub several times, as ágnos (ἄγνος) in Enquiry into Plants. It has been long believed to be an anaphrodisiac – leading to its name as "chaste tree" – but its effectiveness for such action remains unproven. The shrub was utilized for religious rituals in ancient Greece and among the Philistines in Palestine as well as other countries in the Levant region.

Anaphrodisiac
An anaphrodisiac (also antaphrodisiac or antiaphrodisiac) is a substance that quells or blunts the libido. It is the opposite of an aphrodisiac, something that enhances sexual appetite. The word anaphrodisiac comes from the Greek privative prefix ἀν-, denoting negation, and aphrodisiac, from the Greek goddess of love, Aphrodite. Some people use anaphrodisiacs in order to curb a very high libido or due to hypersexuality. However anaphrodisiacs are also used by those with an average libido, at times due to having incessant schedules.
Sufyan ibn al-Abrad al-Kalbi
Sufyan ibn al-Abrad al-Kalbi al-Asamm (Arabic: سفيان بن الأبرد الكلبي, romanized: Sufyān ibn al-Abrad al-Kalbī al-Aṣamm; fl. 684–701) was a general of the Umayyad Caliphate who served under caliphs Mu'awiya II (r. 683–684), Marwan I (r. 684–685) and Abd al-Malik (r. 685–705). He backed the latter against his own tribesmen during a coup attempt in 689. He was a key figure in securing the Umayyad hold over Iraq during the governorship of al-Hajjaj ibn Yusuf, helping the latter defeat the Kharijites in 696–697 and the rebellion of Abd al-Rahman ibn Muhammad ibn al-Ash'ath in 700–701.

Hugh N. Kennedy
Hugh Nigel Kennedy (born 22 October 1947) is a British medievalist and academic. He specialises in the history of the early Islamic Middle East, Muslim Iberia and the Crusades. From 1997 to 2007, he was Professor of Middle Eastern History at the University of St Andrews. Since 2007, he has been Professor of Arabic at SOAS, University of London.
Konaka Museum
The Historical Museum Vidin, sometimes shortened to Konaka museum (Bulgarian: Музей "Конака"), is located in Vidin, Bulgaria. The museum, founded in 1956, is situated in a former Ottoman konak. The nice building is among the cultural memorials of the region.

Originally the 18th-century building was used as the Home by Osman Pazvantoğlu  and later as police office, and the central tower was a lighthouse. After liberation the building was reconstructed and enriched with elements from Bulgarian Renaissance architecture. In 1956, the building was used for a historical weapon show.

Konak (residence)
Konak (Turkish: konak, Greek: κονάκι, Serbo-Croatian: конак, Albanian: Konaku, Bulgarian: конак) is a name for a house in Turkey and on the territories of the former Ottoman Empire, especially one used as an official residence for the elite members of the Ottoman society.
East End Light
The East End Light (sometimes called Gorling Bluff Light) is a lighthouse located at the east end of Grand Cayman island in the Cayman Islands. The lighthouse is the centerpiece of East End Lighthouse Park, managed by the National Trust for the Cayman Islands; the first navigational aid on the site was the first lighthouse in the Cayman Islands.

Grand Cayman
Grand Cayman is the largest of the three Cayman Islands and the location of the territory's capital, George Town. In relation to the other two Cayman Islands, it is approximately 75 miles (121 km) southwest of Little Cayman and 90 miles (145 km) southwest of Cayman Brac.
Mauricio Cienfuegos
José Mauricio Cienfuegos (born 12 February 1968) is a Salvadoran former professional footballer who played as an attacking midfielder. and is the current assistant coach to the El Salvador national football team under the coaching staff of Hugo Pérez.

Hugo Pérez (soccer, born 1963)
Hugo Ernesto Pérez Granados (born November 8, 1963) is a former professional soccer player and coach who previously coached the El Salvador national from 2021 to 2023. Born in El Salvador, he represented the United States national team.

During his fourteen-year career, he played professionally in the United States, France, Sweden, Saudi Arabia and his native El Salvador. Although born in El Salvador, he gained his U.S. citizenship as a youth and earned 73 caps, scoring sixteen goals, with the U.S. national team between 1984 and 1994. He was a member of the U.S. team at both the 1984 Summer Olympics and the 1994 FIFA World Cup. He was the 1991 U.S. Soccer Athlete of the Year and was inducted into the National Soccer Hall of Fame in 2008.
SS Ellan Vannin (1854)
SS (RMS) Ellan Vannin was an iron-built packet steamer which was operated out of Castletown, Isle of Man for the Castletown Steam Navigation Company (also referred to as the Castletown Steam Packet Company) to Liverpool and Whitehaven. Her name, Ellan Vannin, came from the Gaelic term by which the Isle of Man is known.

Cammell Laird
Cammell Laird is a British shipbuilding company. It was formed from the merger of Laird Brothers of Birkenhead and Johnson Cammell & Co of Sheffield at the turn of the twentieth century. The company also built railway rolling stock until 1929, when that side of the business was separated and became part of the Metropolitan-Cammell Carriage & Wagon Company.