hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
John Barnabas
John Barnabas (1929–1994) was an Indian evolutionary biologist, known for his contributions in the fields of Molecular Systematics and Evolution. He was a member of the Science Advisory Committee to the cabinet as well as the Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India. A Jawaharlal Nehru Fellow, Barnabas was also an elected fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and the National Academy of Sciences, India. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards, in 1974, for his contributions to biological sciences.

Department of Biotechnology
The Department of Biotechnology (DBT) is an Indian government department, under the Ministry of Science and Technology responsible for administrating development and commercialisation in the field of modern biology and biotechnology in India. It was set up in 1986.
HTMS Naresuan
HTMS Naresuan (FFG-421) (Thai: เรือหลวงนเรศวร), commissioned in 1995, is a modified version of the Chinese-made Type 053 frigate, corporately designed between Royal Thai Navy and China but built by the China State Shipbuilding Corporation in Shanghai. Her sister ship, HTMS Taksin was delivered in November 1995. The ships cost 2 billion baht each.

Upon delivery, The Royal Thai Navy complained of the poor quality of the ship. The ship's damage control system was very limited, with very basic fire suppression systems. It was claimed that if the ship's hull was breached, the ship would quickly be lost to flooding. The Thai Navy had to spend considerable time and effort to correct some of these issues.

Royal Thai Navy
The Royal Thai Navy (Abrv: RTN, ทร.; Thai: กองทัพเรือไทย, RTGS: kong thap ruea thai) is the naval warfare force of Thailand. Established in 1906, it was modernised by the Admiral Prince Abhakara Kiartiwongse (1880–1923) who is known as the father of the Royal Navy. It has a structure that includes the naval fleet, Royal Thai Marine Corps, and Air and Coastal Defence Command. The RTN headquarters is at Sattahip Naval Base.

The navy operates three naval area commands (NAC): Northern Gulf of Thailand (First NAC); Southern Gulf of Thailand (Second NAC); and the Andaman Sea (Indian Ocean) (Third NAC). RTN also has two air wings and one flying unit on its aircraft carrier.
Ferndale station
Ferndale station is a Baltimore Light Rail station in Glen Burnie, Maryland. Northbound trains depart for Fairgrounds, continuing on at off-peak hours to Hunt Valley; southbound trains depart for Glen Burnie. There is currently no free public parking or bus connections at this station.

Ferndale is located on 10 Broadview Boulevard across from Ferndale Road. An extension of Ferndale Road crosses the tracks from Baltimore-Annapolis Boulevard (MD 648), but only runs one way westbound. A local firehouse is also located near the station, and has a private  access road to Route 648 that crosses the tracks.

The station itself is the least used station in all of the Baltimore Light Rail network with 93 exits/entries in 2017.

Baltimore Light RailLink
The Baltimore Light RailLink (formerly Baltimore Light Rail, also known simply as the "Light Rail") is a light rail system serving Baltimore, Maryland, United States, and its northern and southern suburbs. It is operated by the Maryland Transit Administration (MTA Maryland).

In downtown Baltimore, it uses street-embedded tracks. Outside the central portions of the city, the line is located on private rights-of-way, mostly from the defunct Northern Central Railway, Baltimore and Annapolis Railroad and Washington, Baltimore and Annapolis Electric Railway. The system had a ridership of 5,015,100, or about 14,500 per weekday, as of the fourth quarter of 2025.
Fine root
A fine root is most commonly defined as a plant root that is two millimeters or less in diameter. Fine roots may function in acquisition of soil resources (eg. nutrients, water) and/or resource transport, making them functionally most analogous to the leaves and twigs in a plant's shoot system. Fine-root traits are variable between species and responsive to environmental conditions. Consequently, fine roots are studied to characterize the resource acquisition strategies and competitive ability of plant species. Categories of fine roots have been developed based on root diameter, position in a root system's branching hierarchy, and primary function. Fine roots are often associated with symbiotic fungi and play a role in many ecosystem processes like nutrient cycles and soil reinforcement.

Mycorrhiza
A mycorrhiza (from Ancient Greek  μύκης (múkēs) 'fungus' and  ῥίζα (rhíza) 'root'; pl. mycorrhizae, mycorrhiza, or mycorrhizas) is a symbiotic association between a fungus and a plant, in which fungal hyphae and plant roots become interconnected and form an interface on the cellular level. The term mycorrhiza refers to the role of the fungus in the plant's rhizosphere, the plant root system and its surroundings. Mycorrhizae play important roles in plant nutrition, soil biology, and soil chemistry.

In a mycorrhizal association, the fungus colonizes the host plant's root tissues, either intracellularly as in arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, or extracellularly as in ectomycorrhizal fungi. The association is normally mutualistic. In particular species, or in particular circumstances, mycorrhizae may have a parasitic association with host plants.
Athirshtam Azhaikkirathu
Athirshtam Azhaikkirathu (transl. Luck beckons) is a 1976 Indian Tamil-language film directed by A. Jagannathan and written by Vaali. The film stars Sowcar Janaki and Thengai Srinivasan. It was released on 13 August 1976.

Vaali (poet)
Thirupparaithurai Srinivasan Rangarajan, professionally credited by his pseudonym Vaali (29 October 1931 – 18 July 2013), was an Indian poet who has the record for writing the most songs in Tamil cinema. He is also recognised for a five-decade-long association in the Tamil film industry and has written more than 15,000 songs. He acted in a number of films, including Sathya, Hey Ram, Paarthale Paravasam and Poikkal Kudhirai. He was honoured by the Government of India with the Padma Shri, India's fourth highest civilian honour in 2007.
No Bones
No Bones is a novel by Irish author Anna Burns, published in 2001 by Norton. Set in a small, Northern Irish community, it follows a young girl growing up during The Troubles.

The book received positive reviews from critics. It won the Winifred Holtby Memorial Prize and was shortlisted for the 2002 Women's Prize for Fiction.

Women's Prize for Fiction
The Women's Prize for Fiction (previously with sponsor names Orange Prize for Fiction (1996–2006 and 2009–2012), Orange Broadband Prize for Fiction (2007–08) and Baileys Women's Prize for Fiction (2014–2017) is one of the United Kingdom's most prestigious literary prizes. It is awarded annually to a female author of any nationality for the best original full-length novel written in English and published in the United Kingdom in the preceding year. A sister prize, the Women's Prize for Non-Fiction, was launched in 2023.
L'Evêque
L'Evêque is a mountain of the Pennine Alps, overlooking the Col Collon in the canton of Valais, south of Mont Collon. With a height of 3,716 meters above sea level, it is one of the highest summits in the Arolla valley. Together with the not much lower double-peaked Mitre de l'Evêque (3,653 m), L'Evêque builds a very prominent double tower.

Pennine Alps
The Pennine Alps (French: Alpes Pennines, German: Walliser Alpen, Italian: Alpi Pennine, Latin: Alpes Poeninae), sometimes referred to as the Valais Alps (which are just the Northern Swiss part of the Pennine Alps), are a mountain range in the western part of the Alps. They are located in Italy (the Aosta Valley and Piedmont) and Switzerland (Valais).

The Pennine Alps are amongst the three highest major subranges of the Alps, together with the Bernese Alps and the Graian Alps that include the Mont Blanc massif.
The Players Club
The Players Club is a 1998 American comedy-drama film written and directed by Ice Cube in his feature film directorial debut. In addition to Ice Cube, the film stars Bernie Mac, Monica Calhoun, Jamie Foxx, John Amos, A. J. Johnson, Alex Thomas, Charlie Murphy, Terrence Howard, Faizon Love and LisaRaye McCoy in her first starring role.

Faizon Love
Faizon Andre Love (born Langston Faizon Santisima; June 14, 1968) is an American actor and comedian. He is best known for his roles in the comedy films The Meteor Man (1993), Friday (1995), Don't Be a Menace to South Central While Drinking Your Juice in the Hood (1996), B.A.P.S. (1997), The Replacements (2000), Made, Mr Bones (both 2001), Blue Crush (2002), and Couples Retreat (2009), as well as the voice of Sean "Sweet" Johnson in the action-adventure game Grand Theft Auto: San Andreas (2004) and his role as Wendell Wilcox on the sitcom television series The Parent 'Hood (1995–1999).
The Sun of St. Moritz (1954 film)
The Sun of St. Moritz (German: Die Sonne von St. Moritz) is a 1954 West German drama film directed by Arthur Maria Rabenalt and starring Winnie Markus, Karlheinz Böhm and Signe Hasso.

The film's art direction was by Felix Smetana.

Winnie Markus
Winnie Markus (1921–2002) was a Czechoslovakia-born German film and television actress whose captivating performances left an indelible mark on the German entertainment industry. With a career spanning over four decades, Markus graced the silver screen with her talent, charm, and versatility.
Stepped nozzle
A stepped nozzle (or dual-bell nozzle) is a de Laval rocket nozzle which has altitude compensating properties.

The characteristic of this kind of nozzle is that part of the way along the inside of the nozzle there is a straightening of the curve of the nozzle contour, followed by a sharp step outwards.

At low altitude, this causes the jet to separate at the step and ambient pressure maintains the jet at this place, avoiding jet instabilities and avoiding massive overexpansion.

As the altitude rises, the jet becomes progressively under-expanded and grows until it fills the nozzle, at which point the gas provides more pressure against the rest of the nozzle and thrust and specific impulse increases.

De Laval nozzle
A de Laval nozzle (or convergent–divergent nozzle, CD nozzle or con–di nozzle) is a tube that is pinched in the middle with a rapid convergence and gradual divergence. It is used to accelerate a compressible fluid to supersonic speeds in the axial (thrust) direction, by converting the thermal energy of the flow into kinetic energy. De Laval nozzles are widely used in some types of steam turbines and rocket engine nozzles. It also sees use in supersonic jet engines.

Similar flow properties have been applied to jet streams within astrophysics.
2007 Football League play-offs
The Football League play-offs for the 2006–07 season were held in May 2007, with the finals taking place at Wembley Stadium in London for the first time. The play-off semi-finals will be played over two legs and will contested by the teams who finish in 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th place in the Football League Championship and League One and the 4th, 5th, 6th and 7th placed teams in the League Two table. The winners of the semi-finals will go through to the finals, with the winner of the matches gaining promotion for the following season.

2006–07 Football League
The 2006–07 Football League (known as the Coca-Cola Football League for sponsorship reasons) was the 108th completed season of The Football League.

The Football League was contested through three Divisions in England and Wales. The divisions were the Football League Championship, Football League One and Football League Two. The winner and the runner-up of the Championship were automatically promoted to the Premier League and they were joined by the winner of the Championship play-offs. The bottom two teams in League Two were relegated to the Conference Premier.
Lim Keng Peng
Lim Keng Peng (林景明 Lín Jĭngmíng; c. 1953 – 3 May 1988), better known as Ah Huat (阿发 A Fā), was a Singaporean criminal who was wanted for the murder of a police detective named Goh Ah Khia in December 1985. While Lim did not have any prior criminal record before he killed Detective Goh, Lim was also involved in the fatal shooting of a restaurant owner, Vincent Loke Kok Nam, which occurred in April of the same year he killed the policeman. Lim, who went into hiding, subsequently became one of Singapore's ten most wanted criminals. After a 30-month manhunt, Lim was discovered and killed during a police ambush. A coroner's court found Lim guilty of the two murders he was accused for, and his death was ruled as a lawful killing.

Lim Ban Lim
Lim Ban Lim (simplified Chinese: 林万霖; traditional Chinese: 林萬霖; pinyin: Lín Wànlín; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lîm Bān-lîm; c. 1940 – 24 November 1972) was a Singaporean gangster and outlaw who killed a police officer and stole at least $2.5 million before he was shot and killed at the age of 32. Lim became one of the country's most wanted fugitives after shooting and wounding a police officer during an altercation in May 1965. After shooting dead another police officer in July 1968, Lim fled the country, with local authorities offering a $17,000 bounty in their search for him. He evaded capture until 1972, when he returned to Singapore and was killed by the Singapore Police Force.
N8 (South Africa)
The N8 is a national route in South Africa that connects Groblershoop (south-east of Upington) with Maseru in Lesotho via Kimberley and Bloemfontein. It is maintained by the South African National Roads Agency.

The section of road from Groblershoop through Griekwastad and Schmidtsdrift to Kimberley was previously designated as part of the R64.

Groblershoop
Groblershoop is a settlement in ZF Mgcawu District Municipality in the Northern Cape province of South Africa. It is situated about 2 km west of the Orange River.

Groblershoop was founded in 1914 on the farm Sternham, but was renamed in 1939 after Piet Grobler, a former Minister of Agriculture. The region became more developed after the construction of the Boegoeberg Dam and water channels in 1929. Known as the gateway to the Green Kalahari, the Groblershoop region is a major wine-producing area.
HD 37811
HD 37811 (HR 1958) is a solitary star in the southern constellation Columba. It has an apparent magnitude of 5.44, allowing it to be faintly seen with the naked eye. Parallax measurements place the object at a distance of 382 light years and it is currently approaching with a heliocentric radial velocity of −8.3 km/s.

HD 37811 has a stellar classification of G6/8 III — intermediate between a G6 and G8 giant star that is currently on the red giant branch. It has 3 times the mass of the Sun but has expanded to 11.7 times its girth at an age of 440 million years. It shines with a luminosity of 86 L☉ from its enlarged photosphere at an effective temperature of 5,139 K, giving a yellow glow. HD 37811 has a solar metallicity and spins leisurely with a projected rotational velocity of about 2.4 km/s.

Metre per second
The metre per second  is the unit of both speed (a scalar quantity) and velocity (a vector quantity, which has direction and magnitude) in the International System of Units (SI), equal to the speed of a body covering a distance of one metre in a time of one second. As the base unit for speed in the SI, it is commonly used in physics, mechanics, and engineering contexts. It represents both scalar speed and vector velocity, depending on context. According to the definition of metre, 1 m/s is exactly ⁠1/299792458⁠ of the speed of light.

The SI unit symbols are m/s, m·s−1, m s−1, or ⁠m/s⁠.
Arkansas Highway 35
Arkansas Highway 35 (AR 35) is a designation for three state highways in southeast Arkansas. One segment of 36.4 miles (58.6 km) runs from Macon Lake Road at Dewey north to U.S. Route 278 (US 278) in Monticello. A second segment of 55.9 miles (90.0 km) runs from US 425 north to US 167 at Cross Roads. A third segment of 23.8 miles (38.3 km) runs from US 167B in Sheridan north to Interstate 30 (I-30) in Benton.

Monticello, Arkansas
Monticello (/ˌmɒntɪˈsɛloʊ/ ⓘ MON-tiss-EL-oh) is the county seat of Drew County, Arkansas. As of 2023, it had an estimated population of 8,175. Founded in 1849 in the Arkansas Timberlands near the Arkansas Delta region, the city has long been a commercial, cultural and educational hub for southeast Arkansas. With a historically agriculture- and silviculture-based economy, it has diversified to include growth from the medical sector and the University of Arkansas at Monticello.
Main Building of the University of Hong Kong
The Main Building of the University of Hong Kong (Chinese: 香港大學本部大樓) is the oldest building of the University of Hong Kong. It is located on the main campus on Bonham Road and Pok Fu Lam Road in Pok Fu Lam, Hong Kong Island, Hong Kong. It was built in the architectural style of Edwardian Baroque, designed by Alfred Bryer of Leigh & Orange and is three storeys high. The exterior of the building has been a declared monument in Hong Kong since 1985.

Pok Fu Lam
Pok Fu Lam (薄扶林) or Pokfulam is a residential area on Hong Kong Island, at the western end of the Southern District. It is a valley between Victoria Peak and Mount Kellett, around Telegraph Bay.

Pok Fu Lam can claim several firsts in the history of Hong Kong: It was the place where Hong Kong's floral emblem, Bauhinia blakeana, was first discovered; the site for Hong Kong's first reservoir, Pok Fu Lam Reservoir (1883, now part of a country park), and the site for Hong Kong's first dairy farm by five investors, including Sir Patrick Manson in 1885. The farm supplied not only milk, but cattle to Hong Kong, and later became Dairy Farm. However, it no longer exists in Pok Fu Lam.

Pok Fu Lam is connected to Lung Fu Shan, Sai Ying Pun and Aberdeen by the Pok Fu Lam Road. It's also indirectly connected to the Mid-Levels. Pok Fu Lam also overlooks Lamma Island. Pok Fu Lam is connected to Kennedy Town via Smithfield and Shek Tong Tsui via Hill Road.
Lafayette Building (Washington, D.C.)
The Lafayette Building, also known as Export-Import Bank Building, is a federal government office building at 811 Vermont Avenue NW in Washington, D.C. Completed in 1940, it was declared a National Historic Landmark in 2005.  Its landmark designation was made because it was home to the Reconstruction Finance Corporation, the government arm that financed and oversaw the mobilization of the United States economy during World War II. It is currently home to the Export–Import Bank of the United States and to offices of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs.

Reconstruction Finance Corporation
The Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC) was an independent agency of the United States federal government that served as a lender of last resort to US banks and businesses. Established in 1932 by the Hoover administration to restore public confidence in the economy and banking to their pre-Depression levels, the RFC provided financial support to state and local governments, recapitalized banks to prevent bank failures and stimulate lending, and made loans to railroads, mortgage associations, and other large businesses.

The Roosevelt administration's New Deal reforms expanded the agency, enabling it to direct disaster relief funds and provide loans for agriculture, exports, and housing. The RFC closed in 1957 when prosperity had been restored and for-profit private financial institutions could handle its mission. In total, the RFC gave US$2 billion in aid to state and local governments and made many loans, nearly all of which were repaid.
Lake Ghioroc
Ghioroc Lake (Romanian: Lacul Ghioroc) is a man-made lake located in Ghioroc, Arad County, Romania. The lake has a surface area of approximately 50 hectares (120 acres) and is a popular recreational and fishing destination. The lake has several land patches away from the coastline, which are used as vacationing spots or clubbing.

The lake known as the Ghioroc Lake or Balta Ghioroc is the southern pit, immediately adjoining the connecting road from Sâmbăteni to Ghioroc and the Arad to Bucharest mainline. The northern side, formerly just Ghioroc 2 was separated in two smaller sections that are still being preserved as a mining pit for building materials (sand, gravel).

The lake is 22 kilometers (14 mi) away from Arad and 80 kilometers (50 mi) from Timișoara.

Arad County
Arad County (Romanian pronunciation: [aˈrad] ⓘ) is an administrative division (județ) of Romania roughly translated into county in the western part of the country on the border with Hungary, mostly in the region of Crișana and few villages in Banat. The administrative center of the county lies in the city of Arad. The Arad County is part of the Danube–Criș–Mureș–Tisa Euroregion.
Stock Exchange Center
The Stock Exchange Center (Polish: Centrum Giełdowe) is an office building in Warsaw, Poland, at 4 Książęca Street, within the South Downtown neighbourhood. It was opened in 2000, and houses the headquarters of the Warsaw Stock Exchange, National Securities Depository, and Power Exchange.

National Securities Depository (Poland)
The National Securities Depository (Polish: Krajowy Depozyt Papierów Wartościowych, KDPW) is a Polish financial market infrastructure that operates a central counterparty clearing house branded KDPW_CCP, a central securities depository, and a trade repository.
Kaitieke
Kaitieke  or Kaitīeke is a rural community, located south of Taumarunui and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) west of Raurimu, in the Ruapehu District and Manawatū-Whanganui region of New Zealand's North Island.

The area's name translates as to eat (kai) the saddleback bird (tieke).

Taumarunui
Taumarunui is a town in the King Country of the central North Island of New Zealand. It is on an alluvial plain set within rugged terrain on the upper reaches of the Whanganui River, 65 km south of Te Kūiti and 55 km west of Tūrangi. It is under the jurisdiction of Ruapehu District and Manawatū-Whanganui region.

It has a population of 4,940 as of June 2025, and is the largest centre for a considerable distance in any direction. It is on State Highway 4 and the North Island Main Trunk railway.
2024 Ayn Issa attack
On the night of 8 December 2024, a Turkish drone strike targeted a residential structure in Al-Mustariha village in Raqqa Governorate, killing eleven members of a single family, which included six children. (SOHR) The civilian mass casualty event contributed to considerable panic among the local population in areas held by Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria regarding military escalation in the region with the onset of Operation Dawn of Freedom and the 2024 Manbij offensive conducted by the pro-Turkish Syrian National Army (SNA) against Syrian Democratic Forces (SDF) positions. These airstrikes took places in three provinces: Al-Hasakah Governorate (140 strikes killed 3 Syrian soldiers, 24 military personnel, and 6 civilians, including one woman), Raqqa Governorate (7 strikes resulted in the deaths of 4 military personnel and 11 civilians) and Rural Aleppo (45 strikes killed 4 military personnel and 3 civilians).

Manbij offensive (2024)
The Manbij offensive was a military campaign launched by the pro-Turkish Syrian National Army (SNA) and the Turkish Air Force against Syrian Democratic Forces positions in Manbij lasting from 6 to 11 December 2024. It was a part of Operation Dawn of Freedom in the Turkish–Syrian National Army offensive in Northern Syria (2024–2025), and occurred concurrently with the Deir ez-Zor offensive and the wider Syrian opposition offensives. The SDF withdrew their troops on 12 December after five days of conflict following a US-brokered ceasefire agreement.