hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles Mackesy
Colonel Charles Ernest Randolph Mackesy CMG, CBE, DSO (9 January 1861 – 20 November 1925) was a New Zealand military leader and farmer.

Born in 1861 in Ireland, Mackesy moved to New Zealand in the 1890s and took up farming in Whangārei. A soldier in the Volunteer Force, he volunteered for service with the New Zealand Expeditionary Force (NZEF) on the outbreak of the First World War. He was commander of Auckland Mounted Rifles Regiment, serving briefly at Gallipoli, and more substantially during the campaign in the Sinai and Palestine. From April 1917 he carried out administrative roles for the remainder of the war, apart from periods of leave. Discharged from the NZEF in late 1919 he returned to his farm in New Zealand. He died of heart failure in 1925.

Whangārei
Whangārei is the northernmost city in New Zealand and the largest settlement of the Northland Region. It is part of the Whangarei District, created in 1989 from the former Whangarei City, Whangarei County and Hikurangi Town councils to administer both the city and its hinterland. The city population was estimated to be 56,100 in June 2025, an increase from 47,000 in 2001.
Oana Lungescu
Oana Lungescu (born 29 June 1958) is a Romanian journalist with philological education (English and Spanish). Between 2010 and September 2023 she has been the principal NATO spokesperson. In 2024 she joined the Royal United Services Institute (RUSI), a UK defence and security think tank.

Royal United Services Institute
The Royal United Services Institute (RUSI or Rusi) is the world's oldest defence and security think tank, founded in 1831 by the first Duke of Wellington, based in Whitehall, London, United Kingdom. The institution was registered as Royal United Service Institute for Defence and Security Studies and formerly known as the Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies. The current chair of RUSI is the ninth Duke of Wellington and its director-general is Rachel Ellehuus.
Crash Nitro Kart (Game Boy Advance video game)
Crash Nitro Kart is a 2003 kart racing video game developed by Vicarious Visions and published by Universal Interactive for the Game Boy Advance. A version for the N-Gage was released in 2004. The plot involves Crash Bandicoot and his friends and enemies being abducted by a galactic dictator and forced to compete in an interplanetary circuit. The game is Vicarious Visions's first racing game for the GBA, as well as their first GBA game to utilize a Mode 7 engine. The N-Gage version features 3D tracks with contours added to the terrain.

The GBA version was positively received as a competent kart racer with strong mechanics, track design, and replayability, but it was held back by technical slowdowns and lack of originality. Reception to the N-Gage version was mixed, with its core gameplay and content praised but heavily undermined by the platform's limitations, particularly the narrow screen and control issues.

Mode 7
Mode 7 is a graphics mode on the Super Nintendo Entertainment System video game console that allows a background layer to be rotated and scaled on a scanline-by-scanline basis to create many different depth effects. It also supports wrapping effects such as translation and reflection.

The most famous of these effects is the application of a perspective effect on a background layer by scaling and rotating the background layer in this manner. This transforms the background layer into a two-dimensional horizontal texture-mapped plane that trades height for depth. Thus, an impression of three-dimensional graphics is achieved.

Mode 7 was one of Nintendo's prominent selling points for the Super NES platform in publications such as Nintendo Power and Super NES Player's Guide.  Similar faux 3D techniques have been presented on a few 2D systems other than the Super NES, in select peripherals and games.
Edirnekapı Martyr's Cemetery
The Edirnekapı Martyr's Cemetery (Turkish: Edirnekapı Şehitliği), one of the largest burial grounds of Istanbul, Turkey, is located in the neighborhood of Edirnekapı of Eyüp district, in the European part of the city. It consists of an old, historical part and a modern one. War graves of fallen Ottoman soldiers during the Balkan Wars, the Gallipoli campaign of World War I, graves of the Turkish Armed Forces military personnel and law enforcement officials, firefighters, Turkish Airlines personnel are part of the cemetery.

Turkish Airlines
Turkish Airlines (Turkish: Türk Hava Yolları), or legally Türk Hava Yolları Anonim Ortaklığı, is the flag carrier of Turkey. As of June 2024, it operates scheduled services to 352 destinations (including cargo) in Europe, Asia, Oceania, Africa, and the Americas. The airline serves more destinations non-stop from a single airport than any other airline in the world and flies to 131 countries, more than any other airline. With an operational fleet of 24 cargo aircraft, the airline's cargo division Turkish Cargo serves 82 destinations. The airline also owns a low-cost subsidiary, AJet.

The airline's corporate headquarters are on the grounds of Atatürk Airport in Yeşilköy, Bakırköy, Istanbul. The airline's main base is Istanbul Airport in Arnavutköy. It has been a member of the Star Alliance network since 1 April 2008.
1998 ASB Classic
The 1998 ASB Classic was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the ASB Tennis Centre in Auckland in New Zealand that was part of Tier IV of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 5 January until 10 January 1998. Third-seeded Dominique Van Roost won the singles title and earned $17,700 first-prize money.

Dominique Monami
Dominique Monami (born 31 May 1973) is a Belgian former professional tennis player. She is her country's first ever top-10 tennis professional.

Monami was born in Verviers. In 1995, she married her coach Bart Van Roost, with whom she has a daughter, and played under the name Dominique Van Roost for much of her career, until their divorce in 2003.
Dabney Carr (Virginia assemblyman)
Dabney Carr (October 26, 1743 – May 16, 1773) was a Virginia lawyer and militiaman who served a partial term in the House of Burgesses shortly before the American Revolutionary War. He is known for his friendship since boyhood with Thomas Jefferson and as the husband of Martha Jefferson, Thomas' younger sister. Carr introduced the Committee of correspondence in Virginia, which after his early death became a leading factor in formation of the Continental Congress. Pursuant to a boyhood pact, Jefferson buried Carr on Jefferson's Monticello estate in a newly created graveyard under a particular tree, and also helped oversee the upbringing of Carr's children, including politicians Peter and Samuel Carr and Judge Dabney Carr.

House of Burgesses
The House of Burgesses (/ˈbɜːr.dʒə.sɪz/) was the lower house of the Virginia General Assembly from 1619 to 1776. It existed during the colonial history of the United States in the Colony of Virginia in what was then British America. From 1642 to 1776, the House of Burgesses was an important feature of Virginian politics, alongside the Crown-appointed colonial governor and the Virginia Governor's Council, the upper house of the General Assembly.

When Virginia declared its independence from the Kingdom of Great Britain during the Fifth Virginia Convention in 1776 and became the independent Commonwealth of Virginia, the House of Burgesses was transformed into the House of Delegates, which continues to serve as the lower house of the General Assembly.
Conicosia pugioniformis
Conicosia pugioniformis is a species of succulent plant in the ice plant family known by the common names narrow-leaved iceplant and pigroot. It is native to South Africa and it is known on other continents as an introduced species and sometimes a noxious weed. It is an invasive species on the Central Coast of California, where it is a minor threat to native coastal vegetation, although not as harmful as other species of invasive iceplant. This is a short-lived perennial herb growing from an underground caudex. It can sprout vegetatively from the caudex if its aboveground parts are destroyed. The fingerlike leaves are fleshy, gray-green, hairless, and up to 20 centimeters long. The inflorescence is a solitary, malodorous flower up to 8 centimeters wide. It has rings of up to 250 thin petals.

Aizoaceae
The Aizoaceae (/ˌeɪzoʊˈeɪsi.iː, -ˌaɪ/), or fig-marigold family, are a large family of dicotyledonous flowering plants containing 135 genera and about 1,800 species. Several genera are commonly named ice plants or carpet weeds. The Aizoaceae are also referred to as vygies in South Africa. Some of the unusual  Southern African genera—such as Conophytum, Lithops, Titanopsis, and Pleiospilos (among others)—resemble gemstones, rocks, or pebbles, and are sometimes called living stones or mesembs (short for mesembryanthemums).
Mineshaft Stakes
The Mineshaft Stakes is a Grade III American Thoroughbred horse race for four-year-olds and older run over a distance of 1+1⁄16 miles on the dirt in mid-February at the Fair Grounds Race Course in New Orleans, Louisiana. The event currently offers a purse of $250,000.

New Orleans Classic Stakes
The New Orleans Classic Stakes is an American Thoroughbred horse race run annually at Fair Grounds Race Course in New Orleans, Louisiana.  Open to horses four years old and up, the race is run at a distance of one and one-eighth miles on the dirt. It currently offers a purse of  $400,000.

Due to flooding as a result of Hurricane Katrina, the 2006 edition of the New Orleans Handicap was run at Louisiana Downs in Bossier City, Louisiana.
An Cumann Gaelach, QUB
An Cumann Gaelach is the Irish Language Society (Cumann Gaelach) at Queen's University Belfast (Irish: Ollscoil na Banríona). Established in 1906, it is the third oldest society still in existence at the University, after the BMSA and Christian Union. The first meeting of the society was held on 30 January 1906, with a medical student, William MacArthur (who later became Lieutenant-General Sir William MacArthur; 1884-1964), being elected the first president. The society is part funded by the University, through the QUB Students' Union.

Lieutenant-general (United Kingdom)
Lieutenant general (Lt Gen), formerly more commonly lieutenant-general, is a senior rank in the British Army and the Royal Marines. It is the equivalent of a multinational three-star rank; some British lieutenant generals sometimes wear three-star insignia, in addition to their standard insignia, when on multinational operations.

Lieutenant general is a superior rank to major general, but subordinate to a (full) general. The rank has a NATO rank code of OF-8, equivalent to a vice-admiral in the Royal Navy and an air marshal in the Royal Air Force (RAF) and the air forces of many Commonwealth countries.

The rank insignia for both the Army and the Royal Marines is a crown over a crossed sabre and baton. During the reign of Elizabeth II, the St Edward's Crown, commonly known as the Queen's Crown, was depicted. Before 1953, and again since the accession of Charles III in 2022, the Tudor Crown has been used.
Demethylrebeccamycin-D-glucose O-methyltransferase
Demethylrebeccamycin-D-glucose O-methyltransferase (EC 2.1.1.164, RebM) is an enzyme with systematic name S-adenosyl-L-methionine:demethylrebeccamycin-D-glucose O-methyltransferase. This enzyme catalyses the following chemical reaction

4'-demethylrebeccamycin + S-adenosyl-L-methionine  rebeccamycin + S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine

Demethylrebeccamycin-D-glucose O-methyltransferase catalyses the last step in the biosynthesis of rebeccamycin, an indolocarbazole alkaloid produced by the Actinobacterium Lechevalieria aerocolonigenes.

Rebeccamycin
Rebeccamycin (NSC 655649) is a weak topoisomerase I inhibitor isolated from Nocardia bacteria. It is structurally similar to staurosporine, but does not show any inhibitory activity against protein kinases. It shows significant antitumor properties in vitro (IC50=480nM against mouse B16 melanoma cells and IC50=500nM against P388 leukemia cells). It is an antineoplastic antibiotic and an intercalating agent.

Becatecarin (BMS-181176) is a synthetic analog of rebeccamycin.

Rebeccamycin and becatecarin have been tested in phase II clinical trials for the treatment of lung cancer, liver cancer, breast cancer, lymphoma, retinoblastoma, kidney cancer, and ovarian cancer.
Fred Burr
Frederick Arthur Burr (February 26, 1911 – January 17, 2006) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a New Democratic member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1967 to 1977 who represented the ridings of Sandwich-Riverside and Windsor—Riverside.

Windsor—Riverside
Windsor—Riverside was an electoral riding in Ontario, Canada. It was located in the east end of Windsor. The riding was created in 1975 out of Sandwich-Riverside and merged into Windsor—St. Clair and Windsor West in 1996 before the 1999 election.
Néstor Javier Ayala
Néstor Javier Ayala Ayala is a Colombian paracyclist, who came third in the men's road race T1–2 event at the 2016 Summer Paralympics. He has also won medals at the 2013, 2015 and 2018 UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships, and multiple medals at the Parapan American Games.

UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships
The UCI Para-cycling Road World Championships are the world championships for road cycling where athletes with a physical disability compete, organized by the Union Cycliste Internationale (UCI).

The Championships were earlier administered by the International Paralympic Committee. The UCI and the IPC organized the 2006 IPC Cycling World Championships, combined track and road event.

The 1994, 1998, 2002 and 2007 IPC World Championships combined track and road events.
Jasiri X
Jasiri X (born Jasiri Oronde Smith) is an American rapper and activist who gained attention for his 2007 song "Free the Jena 6." He is a recipient of the Rauschenberg Artist as Activist award and co-founder of anti-violence group 1Hood. In 2016, he was awarded an honorary doctorate from the Chicago Theological Seminary.

Chicago Theological Seminary
The Chicago Theological Seminary (CTS) is a Christian ecumenical American seminary located in Chicago, Illinois, and is one of several seminaries historically affiliated with the United Church of Christ. It is the oldest institution of higher education in Chicago, originally established in 1855 under the direction of the abolitionist Stephen Peet and the Congregational Church (now the United Church of Christ) by charter of the Illinois legislature.

In addition to being a seminary of the United Church of Christ, CTS offers students coursework necessary to be ordained by the Metropolitan Community Church denomination. It was the first theological school to introduce the field education experience into a seminary curriculum, the first to create a distinct Department of Christian Sociology in an American theological school, and the first seminary to award a degree in divinity to a woman in the United States (Florence Fensham, 1902).
International Indonesia Forum
The International Indonesia Forum (IIF) is an organisation which holds annual interdisciplinary seminars in Indonesia in an attempt to "facilitate interactive engagement and participation of students and educators" both inside and outside of Indonesia. Originally developed as an offshoot of the Yale Indonesia Forum, it is now maintained independently. The seminar was first held in 2008 at Atma Jaya University, Yogyakarta; the eighth conference was held at Sebelas Maret University in Surakarta. The forum has published five books and hosts a working paper series on its website.

Surakarta
Surakarta (Javanese: ꦯꦸꦫꦏꦂꦠ, Pegon: سوراكارتا), known colloquially as Solo (Javanese: ꦱꦭ; Sålå), is a major city in Central Java, Indonesia. The 46.72 km2 (18.04 sq mi) city adjoins Karanganyar Regency and Boyolali Regency to the north, Karanganyar Regency and Sukoharjo Regency to the east and west, and Sukoharjo Regency to the south. On the eastern side of Solo lies Solo River (Bengawan Solo). Its metropolitan area, consisting of Surakarta City and the surrounding six regencies ("Greater Solo Area", formerly Special Region of Surakarta), was home to 6,837,753 inhabitants according to the official estimates for mid 2023, 526,870 of whom reside in the city proper.

Surakarta is the birthplace of the President of Indonesia from 2014 to 2024, Joko Widodo, as well as his son and current Vice President of Indonesia, Gibran Rakabuming Raka. The former served as Mayor of Surakarta from 2005 to 2012, as did the latter from 2021 to 2024.
Adana Toros BYZ
Adana Toros BYZ is a volleyball club based in Adana. Club's men's team promoted to the top flight of the Turkish Men's Volleyball League in 2016, in just 5 years after the foundation. The club play their home games at the Menderes Sports Hall and is sponsored by Tatlıcı Köse, Sera Fresh, Bodyline and Anadolu Bal. Jersey colours are blue and navy.

Turkish Men's Volleyball League
Efeler Ligi, known for sponsorship reasons as AXA Sigorta Efeler Ligi, is the highest professional men's volleyball league in Turkey. It is run by the Turkish Volleyball Federation. Founded in 1970, the league is considered one of the top national leagues in European volleyball, as its clubs have gained significant success in European competitions.

The league succeeded the former Turkish Volleyball Championship, which was held from 1948 to 1970.
Foursomes
Foursomes, also known as alternate shot, is a pairs playing format in the sport of golf.

Golfers compete in teams of two, using only one ball per team, and taking alternate shots until the hole is completed. Team members take turns in teeing off on each hole, i.e. one player will take the tee shot on odd-numbered holes, and the other on even-numbered holes.

Foursomes is most commonly played as match play, with each hole being won by the team that completes it in the fewest shots. This form of golf is often played in team golf competitions such as the Ryder Cup, Solheim Cup and the Presidents Cup.

Foursomes can also be played in stroke play competitions, with the winners being the team who have taken the fewest strokes to complete a set number of holes. Since 2000 this format has been used with alternating rounds of four-ball by the World Cup of Golf, and since 2017, again combined with four-ball rounds, by the Zurich Classic on the PGA Tour.

Match play
Match play is a scoring system for golf in which a player, or team, earns a point for each hole in which they have bested their opponents; as opposed to stroke play, in which the total number of strokes is counted over one or more rounds of 18 holes. In match play the winner is the player, or team, with the most points at the end of play.

Although most professional tournaments are played using the stroke play scoring system, there are, or have been, some exceptions, for example the now defunct WGC Match Play and the Volvo World Match Play Championship, and most team events, for example the Ryder Cup and Presidents Cup, all of which are in match play format.
Jagera (plant)
Jagera is a genus of 4 species of forest trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae.

They grow naturally in the rainforests and associated forests of eastern Australia, New Guinea and the Moluccas.

In Australia, Jagera pseudorhus is the most well known, and commonly named foambark, due to the saponins in the bark foaming after heavy rain. Indigenous Australians use this foam as the de-oxygenator of waterway pools for temporarily suffocating their fish enabling easy catching.

The genus is named after Herbert de Jager, a Dutch orientalist and associate of the botanist Georg Eberhard Rumphius.

In the last few decades various new names have been formally published, numbers of them subsequently corrected to synonyms of earlier names and a few remaining recognised as genuine new species or varieties.

One recognised species in Malesia apparently remains still to be formally described.

Cnesmocarpon
Cnesmocarpon is a genus of 4 species of rainforest trees known to science, constituting part of the plant family Sapindaceae.

They grow naturally in the rainforests of New Guinea and north eastern Queensland, Australia.
Thanksgiving (Master of None)
"Thanksgiving" is the eighth episode of the second season of the American comedy-drama streaming television series Master of None. The episode was released on Netflix on May 12, 2017, along with the rest of the second season. It was written by series creator Aziz Ansari and Lena Waithe, who star as Dev Shah and Denise. Melina Matsoukas served as the episode's director.

The episode follows Dev celebrating Thanksgiving with Denise's family throughout the years, as Dev's family doesn't celebrate the holiday. The episode details Denise's coming out as a lesbian throughout the years and their growing, yet resistant acceptance. The episode received widespread acclaim from critics. "Thanksgiving" won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, making Waithe the first African-American woman ever to win such award.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series is an annual award presented as part of the Primetime Emmy Awards. It recognizes writing excellence in regular comedic series, most of which can generally be described as situation comedies. It was first presented in 1955 as Outstanding Written Comedy Material.
1990 California gubernatorial election
The 1990 California gubernatorial election was held on November 6, 1990. Though incumbent Republican Governor George Deukmejian was eligible for a third term, he announced in January 1989 that he would not pursue reelection. Republicans instead nominated Senator Pete Wilson, who defeated Democratic former San Francisco Mayor Dianne Feinstein in a close race.

Feinstein won the Democratic nomination against opponents including California Attorney General John Van de Kamp, while Wilson faced minimal opposition in his bid for the Republican nomination. Feinstein was elected to Wilson's former Senate seat in 1992, and served in the Senate until her death in September 2023.

John Van de Kamp
John Kalar Van de Kamp (February 7, 1936 – March 14, 2017) was an American politician and lawyer who served as Los Angeles County District Attorney from 1975 until 1981, and then as the 28th Attorney General of California from 1983 until 1991.
John S. Smiley
John Stanley Smiley (January 20, 1885 – August 21, 1945) was a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Cumberland in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1933 to 1937. He was a member of the Nova Scotia Liberal Party.

Smiley was born in 1885 at Milltown, New Brunswick. He was educated at Mount Allison University and Dalhousie University, and was a lawyer by career. He married Celia Ganong Kierstead in 1909. Smiley first attempted to enter provincial politics in the 1928 election, but was defeated. He ran again in 1933, and was elected in the dual-member Cumberland County riding with Conservative Percy Chapman Black. In the 1937 election, Smiley was defeated by the two Conservative candidates, Black and Archie B. Smith. In 1938, Smiley was appointed a judge of the Nova Scotia Supreme Court. Smiley died at Halifax on August 21, 1945.

Archie B. Smith
Archie Barney Smith (July 1, 1896 – October 2, 1951) was a Canadian politician. He represented the electoral district of Cumberland County in the Nova Scotia House of Assembly from 1937 to 1945. He was a member of the Progressive Conservative Party of Nova Scotia.