hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Florin Niță
Florin Constantin Niță (Romanian pronunciation: [floˈrin konstanˈtin ˈnitsə]; born 3 July 1987) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper.

Niță started his senior career at Concordia Chiajna, before signing for Steaua București in 2013. He won six honours during his spell with the capital-based team, and at the start of 2018 earned a transfer abroad to Sparta Prague. Following a loan at Pardubice, he signed for Süper Lig side Gaziantep in 2023.

Niță recorded his debut for the Romania national team in November 2017, in a 2–0 friendly win over Turkey. He was selected for the UEFA Euro 2024, where his country topped its group and reached the round of 16.

FK Pardubice
FK Pardubice is a Czech football club located in the city of Pardubice. Since 2020, the club has played in the Czech First League.

The club is the successor of TJ Tesla Pardubice, which merged with FC Loko Pardubice in 2008.
Vermont Route 140
Vermont Route 140 (VT 140) is a state highway in the U.S. state of Vermont. The highway runs 25.059 miles (40.329 km) from VT 30 in Poultney east to VT 103 in Mount Holly. VT 140 connects the southern Rutland County towns of Poultney, Middletown Springs, Tinmouth, Wallingford, and Mount Holly.

Vermont Route 103
Vermont Route 103 (VT 103) is a 42.036-mile-long (67.650 km) north–south state highway in southern Vermont, United States. It runs from U.S. Route 5 (US 5) in Rockingham in the east to US 7 in Clarendon near Rutland in the west. The Vermont Country Store's second branch is one attraction along the route, as well as the Okemo Ski Resort in Ludlow.
Jim Dowd (ice hockey)
James Thomas Dowd (born December 25, 1968) is an American former professional ice hockey center who played in the National Hockey League (NHL) for ten different teams over the course of 17 NHL seasons. Dowd, who won the 1995 Stanley Cup with his hometown New Jersey Devils, was the second New Jersey high school hockey player to make it to the NHL. He is also a frequent guest on NHL Live.

1994–95 NHL season
The 1994–95 NHL season was the 78th regular season of the National Hockey League. The season start was delayed due to a lockout of players imposed by the NHL franchise owners. After a new labour agreement was reached between the owners and the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA), a 48-game season started on January 20. The season ended when the New Jersey Devils swept the heavily favored Detroit Red Wings for their first Stanley Cup win. It was also their first appearance in the finals overall.
Zhang Xiaozhong
Zhang Xiaozhong (Chinese: 張孝忠) (730 – April 30, 791), né Zhang Alao (張阿勞), posthumous name Prince Zhenwu of Shanggu (上谷貞武王), was a Chinese military general and politician of the Tang dynasty. He was of Xi ancestry. Initially he served the rebel state Yan, during the An Lushan rebellion, and later served the warlord Li Baochen. After Li Baochen's death he joined the Tang imperial cause, giving the Tang army a foothold north of the Yellow River in spite of being surrounded by semi-independent warlord realms.

Kumo Xi
The Kumo Xi (traditional Chinese: 庫莫奚; simplified Chinese: 库莫奚; pinyin: Kùmò Xī), also known as the Tatabi, were ancient steppe people located in modern Northeast China from 207 to 907 AD. After the death of their ancestor Tadun in 207, they were no longer called Wuhuan but joined the Khitan Xianbei in submitting to the Yuwen Xianbei. Their history is closely linked to the more famous Khitan.

The Kumo Xi engaged in conflicts with numerous Chinese dynasties and with the Khitan tribes, eventually suffering a series of disastrous defeats to Chinese armies and coming under the domination of the Khitans. In 907, the Kumo Xi were completely assimilated into the Khitan-led Liao dynasty of China.
Chubb illusion
The Chubb illusion is an optical illusion or error in visual perception in which the apparent contrast of an object varies substantially to most viewers depending on its relative contrast to the field on which it is displayed. These visual illusions are of particular interest to researchers because they may provide valuable insights in regard to the workings of human visual systems.

An object of low-contrast visual texture surrounded by a field of uniform visual texture appears to have higher contrast than when presented on a field of high-contrast texture. This illusion was observed by Charles Chubb and colleagues and published in 1989. An empirical explanation of the Chubb illusion was published by Lotto and Purves in 2001.

Contrast (vision)
Contrast is the difference in luminance or color that makes an object (or its representation in an image or display) distinguishable from a background. Human vision is more sensitive to relative differences than to absolute luminance, so perceived appearance can remain fairly stable despite large changes in illumination.

The maximum contrast of an image is termed the contrast ratio or dynamic range. In images where the contrast ratio approaches the maximum possible for the medium, there is a conservation of contrast. In such cases, increasing contrast in certain parts of the image will necessarily result in a decrease in contrast elsewhere. Brightening an image increases contrast in darker areas but decreases it in brighter areas; conversely, darkening the image will have the opposite effect. Bleach bypass reduces contrast in the darkest and brightest parts of an image while enhancing luminance contrast in areas of intermediate brightness.
2014 Shriram Capital P.L. Reddy Memorial Challenger
The 2014 Shriram Capital P.L. Reddy Memorial Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament for the men. It was part of the 2014 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Chennai, India, on 3 February to 9 February 2014.

Shriram Capital P.L. Reddy Memorial Challenger
The Shriram Capital P.L. Reddy Memorial Challenger is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour. It has been held annually at the SDAT Tennis Stadium in Chennai, India since 2014.
ڄ
ڄ, Arabic letter dyeh (U+0684), is an additional letter of the Arabic script, not used in the Arabic alphabet itself but used in Sindhi and Saraiki to represent a voiced palatal implosive, [ʄ]. For ڄ example is used in ڄموں، ڄلم۔ It is written as ॼ in Saraiki and Sindhi's Devanagari orthography.

Voiced palatal implosive
A voiced palatal implosive is a type of consonantal sound, used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ ʄ ⟩. Typographically, the IPA symbol is a dotless lowercase letter j with a horizontal stroke that was initially created by turning the type for a lowercase letter f (the symbol for the voiced palatal stop) and a rightward hook (the diacritic for implosives). A very similar-looking letter, ⟨ ƒ ⟩ (an ⟨f⟩ with a tail), is used in Ewe for /ɸ/.
Krasnoyaruzhsky District
Krasnoyaruzhsky District (Russian: Краснояру́жский райо́н) is an administrative district (raion), one of the twenty-one in Belgorod Oblast, Russia. Municipally, it is incorporated as Krasnoyaruzhsky Municipal District. It is located in the west of the oblast, on the border with Ukraine. Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Krasnaya Yaruga. Population: 14,151 (2021 census); 14,891 (2010 census); 15,128 (2002 Census). The population of Krasnaya Yaruga accounts for 56.2% of the district's total population.

Krasnaya Yaruga
Krasnaya Yaruga (Russian: Кра́сная Яру́га) is an urban-type settlement in Belgorod Oblast in Russia. Population: 7,957 (2021 census); 8,028 (2010 census); 7,823 (2002 census); 7,221 (1989 Soviet census).
Panoz LMP07
The Panoz LMP07 was a Le Mans prototype built in late 2000 for Panoz for competition in the American Le Mans Series.  The car was designed as a successor to the Panoz LMP-1 Roadster-S which had competed since 1999.  Although retaining the unusual format of having the engine in front of the cockpit, the LMP07 was quickly found to be lacking the capabilities of its predecessor, forcing Panoz to abandon it and return to the LMP-1 Roadster-S.  The LMP07 would survive in the hands of privateers until 2003.

Panoz
Panoz is an American manufacturer of luxury sports automobiles founded in 1989 as Panoz Auto Development by Dan Panoz, son of Don Panoz (1935 – 2018). The company has also been extensively involved in professional racing, and designs, engineers and builds its own race cars (including chassis and components). Panoz products have included the Panoz Roadster and AIV Roadster, the Panoz Esperante, and the Panoz Avezzano and the Panoz Abruzzi.
830th Bombardment Squadron
The 830th Bombardment Squadron is an inactive United States Air Force unit.  Its last assignment was with the 509th Bombardment Wing at Pease Air Force Base, New Hampshire.  It was active during World War II in the Mediterranean Theater of Operations as a Consolidated B-24 Liberator unit, where it participated in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany.  It earned a Distinguished Unit Citation.  Following V-E Day, the squadron returned to the United States and began training with the Boeing B-29 Superfortress at Smoky Hill Army Air Field, Kansas.  When its parent group was inactivated in 1946, it moved to Roswell Army Air Field, New Mexico, where it joined the United States' first nuclear-capable unit, the 509th Composite Group.  The squadron remained part of the 509th until it was inactivated when the wing converted to the Boeing B-52 Stratofortress.

Salina Regional Airport
Salina Regional Airport (IATA: SLN, ICAO: KSLN, FAA LID: SLN), formerly Salina Municipal Airport, is located in Salina, Kansas, United States. The airport is owned by the Salina Airport Authority. It is used for general aviation, and has service by one passenger airline, SkyWest Airlines (operating as United Express), which is subsidized by the Essential Air Service program.

Salina Regional Airport is the home of K-State Salina and its Department of Aviation, which offers Professional Pilot degrees along with several other degrees in the field of aviation.

The airport is on the site of the former Schilling Air Force Base (previously Smoky Hill Air Force Base and Smoky Hill Army Airfield).
Oenomaus (rebel slave)
Oenomaus was a Gallic gladiator, who escaped from the gladiatorial school of Lentulus Batiatus in Capua. Together with Spartacus, Crixus, Castus, and Gannicus, he became one of the leaders of rebellious slaves during the Third Servile War (73–71 BC)

Oenomaus was involved in one of the first major successes of the slave army, the rout of the army of the praetor Gaius Claudius Glaber, who had tried to lay siege to the slave army near Mount Vesuvius.

Oenomaus fell in an early battle, possibly during the winter of 73–72 BC when the slave armies were plundering cities and towns in the south of Italy.

Gaius Claudius Glaber
Gaius Claudius Glaber was a military commander of the late Roman Republic, holding the office of praetor in 73 BC. During his term he was defeated in the Battle of Mount Vesuvius against the forces of Spartacus during the Third Servile War.
Ruth Symes
Ruth Louise Symes is the author of children's books and TV scripts including several episodes of Channel 4 / Jim Henson Company's series for pre-school children The Hoobs, and award-winning animation series PicMe. She has also worked with Channel 4 as the Writing Coach and Write a Children's Short Story competition Judge on the Richard & Judy show. One of her books Mondays at Monster School (Orion, 2005) was read on BBC television by Jenny Seagrove as part of the bedtime story hour.

Ruth Symes also writes for both adults and children under the pseudonym Megan Rix, with eight novels published by Puffin Books and an adult memoir published by Penguin's Michael Joseph imprint.

Puffin Books
Puffin Books is a longstanding children's imprint of the British publishers Penguin Books. Since the 1960s, it has been among the largest publishers of children's books in the UK and much of the English-speaking world. The imprint now belongs to Penguin Random House, a subsidiary of the German media conglomerate Bertelsmann.
Advent:Publishers
Advent:Publishers is an American publishing house. It was founded by Earl Kemp and other members of the University of Chicago Science Fiction Club, including Sidney Coleman, in 1955, to publish criticism, history, and bibliography of the science fiction field, beginning with Damon Knight's In Search of Wonder.

With books like In Search of Wonder and James Blish's The Issue at Hand, Advent became the genre's first scholarly publisher.

Damon Knight
Damon Francis Knight (September 19, 1922 – April 15, 2002) was an American science fiction author, editor, and critic.  He is the author of "To Serve Man", a 1950 short story adapted for The Twilight Zone. He was married to fellow writer Kate Wilhelm in 1963.
Šimun Katalinić
Šimun Katalinić (Italian: Simeone Cattalinich; 17 September 1889 – 4 March 1977) was a Croatian rower who competed for Italy at the 1924 Summer Olympics.

In 1924, he won the bronze medal as crew member of the Italian boat in the men's eight competition with two brothers: Frane and Ante, and Latino Galasso, Vittorio Gliubich, Giuseppe Crivelli, Petar Ivanov, Bruno Sorić, Carlo Toniatti.

Bruno Sorić
Bruno Sorić (Italian: Bruno Sorich; 16 May 1904 – 7 June 1942), was a Croatian rower who competed for Italy in the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1924 he won the bronze medal as crew member of the Italian boat in the men's eight competition. He was killed in action during World War II.
Hanover Lodge
Hanover Lodge is a Grade II* listed house at 150 Park Road, London NW1, overlooking Regent's Park. It was designed by the architect John Nash, and built for General Sir Robert Arbuthnot. Since then, it has been home to several notable people, was part of Bedford College, and the residence of the French ambassador, before the businessman and Conservative peer Lord Bagri purchased a 150-year lease from the Crown Estate in 1994. The Russian billionaire Andrey Goncharenko purchased the outstanding lease from Lord Bagri in 2012 for £120 million. In July 2023, Indian billionaire Ravi Ruia paid £113 million for the mansion.

John Nash (architect)
John Nash (18 January 1752 – 13 May 1835) was a British architect of the Georgian and Regency eras. He was responsible for the design, in the neoclassical and picturesque styles, of many important areas of London. His designs were financed by the Prince Regent and by the era's most successful property developer, James Burton. Nash also collaborated extensively with Burton's son, Decimus Burton.

Nash's best-known solo designs are the Royal Pavilion, Brighton; Marble Arch; and Buckingham Palace. His best-known collaboration with James Burton is Regent Street and his best-known collaborations with Decimus Burton are Regent's Park and its terraces and Carlton House Terrace. The majority of his buildings, including those that the Burtons did not contribute to, were built by James Burton's company.
Thomas Henning
Thomas K. Henning (born 9 April 1956) is a German astrophysicist. He was a director at the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy between 2001 and 2024. Henning is an expert in the field of star and planet formation.

Star formation
Star formation is the process by which dense regions within molecular clouds in interstellar space—sometimes referred to as "stellar nurseries" or "star-forming regions"—collapse and form stars. As a branch of astronomy, star formation includes the study of the interstellar medium (ISM) and giant molecular clouds (GMC) as precursors to the star formation process, and the study of protostars and young stellar objects as its immediate products.  It is closely related to planet formation, another branch of astronomy.  Star formation theory, as well as accounting for the formation of a single star, must also account for the statistics of binary stars and the initial mass function. Most stars do not form in isolation but as part of a group of stars referred to as star clusters or stellar associations.
North Shoebury
North Shoebury is part of Shoeburyness, a suburb of the city of Southend-on-Sea in Essex, England. North Shoebury was historically a separate village and parish. The civil parish was abolished in 1933, when the western part of the parish, including the village itself, was absorbed into Southend-on-Sea, and the eastern part of the parish was added to Great Wakering. Although abolished as a civil parish, North Shoebury remains an ecclesiastical parish. The area around the small village of North Shoebury saw extensive development during the 20th century, and it and Shoeburyness have become part of the built up area of Southend.

Great Wakering
Great Wakering is a village and civil parish in the Rochford District of Essex, England. It is approximately 4 miles (6 km) east of Southend-on-Sea, its post town. Great Wakering consists mainly of two roads: the High Street, which runs from the junction of Star Lane, and New Road, which begins outside St Nicholas' Parish Church and runs down to the bridges for Foulness Island. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 6,037, and the Great Wakering built up area as defined by the Office for National Statistics (which extends beyond the parish boundary to include Little Wakering and Barling) had a population of 6,775.
Korea Strait
34°35′58″N 129°47′48″E﻿ / ﻿34.59944°N 129.79667°E﻿ / 34.59944; 129.79667

The Korea Strait is a sea passage in East Asia between the Korean Peninsula and Japan. It connects the East China Sea, the Yellow Sea and the Sea of Japan in the northwest Pacific Ocean. The strait is split by Tsushima Island into two parts: the Western Channel, and the Tsushima Strait or Eastern Channel. It is economically important, as many shipping lanes pass through the strait, and both Japan and South Korea allow free passage through it.

In ancient times, both Buddhism and Mongol invaders passed over the strait to reach Japan. More recently, it was the site of the 1950 Battle of Korea Strait during the Korean War. A tunnel running underneath the strait connecting Japan and Korea, the Japan–Korea Undersea Tunnel, has been proposed to connect the two countries.

Battle of Korea Strait
The Battle of Korea Strait was a single ship action fought on the first day of the Korean War, 25–26 June 1950, between the navies of South Korea and North Korea. A North Korean troop transport carrying hundreds of soldiers attempted to land its invasion force near Busan but was encountered by a South Korean patrol ship and sunk. It was one of the first surface actions of the war and resulted in an important South Korean victory.
Cisalpina Private Natural Heritage Reserve
The Cisalpina Private Natural Heritage Reserve is a private natural heritage reserve in the state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
It contains an area of marshland at the head of the reservoir of the Eng Sérgio Motta Dam on the Paraná River.

Paraná River
The Paraná River (Portuguese: Rio Paraná [ˈʁi.u paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Spanish: Río Paraná [ˈri.o paɾaˈna] ⓘ; Guarani: Ysyry Parana) is a river in south-central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay, and Argentina for some 4,880 kilometres (3,030 mi). Among South American rivers, it is second in length only to the Amazon River. It merges with the Paraguay River and then farther downstream with the Uruguay River to form the Río de la Plata and empties into the Atlantic Ocean.

The first European to go up the Paraná River was the Venetian explorer Sebastian Cabot, in 1526, while working for Spain.

A drought hit the river in 2021, causing a 77-year low.
Ryan Bennett
Ryan Bennett (born 6 March 1990) is an English former professional footballer who played as a centre back.

He was a youth product of Ipswich Town but was not offered a professional contract and thus signed for Grimsby Town in 2006. He remained with Grimsby for a further four years in which he earnt international caps for England U18 as well as becoming the club captain at a young age. In his final full season, he scooped the board in the club's player of the season ceremony. Grimsby Town cashed in on him in 2010 by selling him to Peterborough United after an initial loan deal. Whilst with Peterborough he represented England U21s. Bennett went on to play in the Premier League with spells at Norwich City, Wolverhampton Wanderers and Leicester City before joining Swansea City in 2020.

Barry Fry
Barry Francis Fry (born 7 April 1945) is an English former football player and manager. An inside forward, Fry scored a goal for England Schoolboys. He went on to sign for Manchester United as an apprentice, but never played for the first team, and had spells with Bolton Wanderers, Luton Town and Leyton Orient, before he retired prematurely due to injury.

Fry has managed Dunstable Town, Bedford Town, Maidstone United, Southend United, Barnet, Birmingham City and, Peterborough United. Fry is currently director of football at Peterborough United.
Ukraine after the Russian Revolution
Various factions fought over Ukrainian territory after the collapse of the Russian Empire following the Russian Revolution of 1917 and after the First World War ended in 1918, resulting in  the collapse of Austria-Hungary, which had ruled  Ukrainian Galicia. The crumbling of the empires had a great effect on  the Ukrainian nationalist movement, and in a short period of four years a number of Ukrainian governments sprang up. This period was characterized by optimism and by nation-building, as well as by chaos and civil war. Matters stabilized somewhat in 1921 with the territory of modern-day Ukraine divided between Soviet Ukraine (which would become a constituent republic of the Soviet Union in 1922) and Poland, and with small  ethnic-Ukrainian regions belonging to Czechoslovakia and to Romania.

Central Rada
The Central Rada of Ukraine, also called the Central Council (Ukrainian: Українська Центральна Рада, romanized: Ukrainska Tsentralna Rada), was the All-Ukrainian council that united deputies of soldiers, workers, and peasants deputies as well as few members of political, public, cultural and professional organizations of the Ukrainian People's Republic. After the All-Ukrainian National Congress (19–21 April 1917), the Council became the revolutionary parliament in the interbellum lasting until the Ukrainian-Soviet War. Unlike with many other councils in the Russian Republic, Bolshevization of the Rada failed completely, prompting the Ukrainian Bolsheviks to form a rival government in Kharkov.
Villa San Giovanni (Milan Metro)
Villa San Giovanni is a station on Line 1 of the Milan Metro. It was opened on 1 November 1964 as part of the inaugural section of the Metro, between Sesto Marelli and Lotto.

The station is located at the intersection of Viale Monza and Via Vipacco, which is in the municipality of Milan. This is an underground station with two tracks in a single tunnel.

Sesto Marelli (Milan Metro)
Sesto Marelli is a station on Line 1 of the Milan Metro. The station was opened on 1 November 1964 as part of the inaugural section of the Metro, between Sesto Marelli and Lotto, and it was the terminus of Line 1 until 1986, when the line was extended to Sesto 1º Maggio.

The station is located at the junction between Viale Monza, Viale Tommaso Edison and Viale Ercole Marelli, near the city border with Sesto San Giovanni. However, despite the name Sesto, the station is completely part of the territory of Milan.

This is an underground station with two tracks in a single tunnel.