hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Svenstrup, Sønderborg Municipality
Svenstrup (German: Schwenstrup) is a village, with a population of 605 (1 January 2025), in Sønderborg Municipality, Region of Southern Denmark in Denmark.

Svenstrup is situated on the island of Als 5 km northwest of Guderup, 7 km southeast of Nordborg and 19 km north of Sønderborg.

Svenstrup Church is located in the western part of the village.

Sønderborg
Sønderborg (Danish pronunciation: [ˈsønɐˌpɒˀ]; German: Sonderburg [ˈzɔndɐbʊʁk] ⓘ) is a Danish town in the Region of Southern Denmark. It is the main town and the administrative seat of Sønderborg Municipality (Kommune). The town has a population of 28,333 (1 January 2025), in a municipality of 74,096. In recent times, Sønderborg is a center for trade, tourism, industry, and education in the region of Southern Denmark. The town is the headquarters for several industrial companies. Sønderborg joined the UNESCO Global Network of Learning Cities in 2016.
Tali Shahi-ye Olya
Tali Shahi-ye Olya (Persian: تاليشه عليا, also Romanized as Tālī Shāhī-ye ‘Olyā; also known as Tālī Shāhī) is a village in Sepidar Rural District, in the Central District of Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 16, in 6 families.

Sepidar Rural District (Boyer-Ahmad County)
Sepidar Rural District (Persian: دهستان سپيدار) is in Sepidar District of Boyer-Ahmad County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Pazanan. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Sepidar, now a city.
P-compact group
In mathematics, in particular algebraic topology, a p-compact group is a homotopical version of a compact Lie group, but with all the local structure concentrated at a single prime p. This concept was introduced in Dwyer & Wilkerson (1994), making precise earlier notions of a mod p finite loop space. A p-compact group has many Lie-like properties like maximal tori and Weyl groups, which are defined purely homotopically in terms of the classifying space, but with the important difference that the Weyl group, rather than being a finite reflection group over the integers, is now a finite p-adic reflection group. They admit a classification in terms of root data, which mirrors the classification of compact Lie groups, but with the integers replaced by the p-adic integers.

Algebraic topology
Algebraic topology is a branch of mathematics that uses tools from abstract algebra to study topological spaces. The basic goal is to find algebraic invariants that classify topological spaces up to homeomorphism, though usually most classify up to homotopy equivalence.

Although algebraic topology primarily uses algebra to study topological problems, using topology to solve algebraic problems is sometimes also possible. Algebraic topology, for example, allows for a convenient proof that any subgroup of a free group is again a free group.
Non-normal modal logic
A non-normal modal logic is a variant of modal logic that deviates from the basic principles of normal modal logics.

Normal modal logics adhere to the distributivity axiom () and the necessitation principle which states that "a tautology must be necessarily true" ( entails ). On the other hand, non-normal modal logics do not always have such requirements. The minimal variant of non-normal modal logics is logic E, which contains the congruence rule in its Hilbert calculus or the E rule in its sequent calculus upon the corresponding proof systems for classical propositional logic. Additional axioms, namely axioms M, C and N, can be added to form stronger logic systems. With all three axioms added to logic E, a logic system equivalent to normal modal logic K is obtained.

Whilst Kripke semantics is the most common formal semantics for normal modal logics (e.g., logic K), non-normal modal logics are often interpreted with neighbourhood semantics.

Normal modal logic
In logic, a normal modal logic is a set L of modal formulas such that L contains:

All propositional tautologies;

All instances of the Kripke schema:

and it is closed under:

Detachment rule (modus ponens):  implies ;

Necessitation rule:  implies .

The smallest logic satisfying the above conditions is called K. Most modal logics commonly used nowadays (in terms of having philosophical motivations), e.g. C. I. Lewis's S4 and S5, are normal (and hence are extensions of K). However a number of deontic and epistemic logics, for example, are non-normal, often because they give up the Kripke schema.

Every normal modal logic is regular and hence classical.
2010 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships – Women's 50 metre breaststroke
The women's 50 metre breaststroke competition at the 2010 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships took place on August 20 at the William Woollett Jr. Aquatics Center.  It was the first appearance of this event in the Pan Pacific Swimming Championships.

2010 Pan Pacific Swimming Championships
The eleventh edition of the Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, also known as the 2010 Mutual of Omaha Pan Pacific Swimming Championships, a long course (50 m) event, was held in Irvine, California, United States, from August 18–22.
Şehzade Mahmud (son of Mehmed III)
Şehzade Mahmud (Ottoman Turkish: شہزادہ محمود; c. 1587 – 7 June 1603) was an Ottoman prince, the son of sultan Mehmed III and his consort Halime Sultan. He was the grandson of sultan Murad III and Safiye Sultan, the half-brother of the future sultan Ahmed I and the brother of sultan Mustafa I.

Murad III
Murad III (Ottoman Turkish: مراد ثالث, romanized: Murād-i sālis; Turkish: III. Murad; 4 July 1546 – 16 January 1595) was the sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1574 until his death in 1595.

His rule saw battles with the Habsburgs and exhausting wars with the Safavids. The long-independent Morocco was for a time made a vassal of the empire but regained independence in 1582. His reign also saw the empire's expanding influence on the eastern coast of Africa. However, the empire was beset by increasing corruption and inflation from the New World which led to unrest among the Janissary and commoners. Relations with Elizabethan England were cemented during his reign, as both had a common enemy in the Spanish. He was also a great patron of the arts, commissioning the Siyer-i-Nebi and other illustrated manuscripts.
EEM (drug)
EEM, also known as 2,4-diethoxy-5-methoxyamphetamine or as TMA2-2,4-DiEtO, is a chemical compound of the phenethylamine, amphetamine, and DOx families related to the psychedelic drug TMA-2. It is the analogue of TMA-2 in which the methoxy groups at the 2 and 4 positions have been replaced with ethoxy groups. In his book PiHKAL (Phenethylamines I Have Known and Loved), Alexander Shulgin lists EEM's dose and duration as unknown. Shulgin stated that EEM has never been tested in humans. The chemical synthesis of EEM has been described. EEM was first described in the scientific literature by Shulgin in 1968. Subsequently, it was described in greater detail by Shulgin in PiHKAL in 1991.

2,4,5-Trimethoxyamphetamine
2,4,5-Trimethoxyamphetamine (2,4,5-TMA), also known as TMA-2 or as 2,5-dimethoxy-4-methoxyamphetamine (DOMeO), is a psychedelic drug of the phenethylamine and amphetamine families. It is one of the trimethoxyamphetamine (TMA) series of positional isomers. The drug is also notable in being the 4-methoxylated member of the DOx (i.e., 4-substituted-2,5-dimethoxyamphetamine) series of drugs.
Escondido Valley AVA
Escondido Valley is an American Viticultural Area (AVA) located in Pecos County of the Trans-Pecos region in  western Texas. The area was established as the nation's 141st and Texas' fifth AVA on May 19, 1992, by the Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms (ATF), Treasury after reviewing the petition submitted by from Mr. Leonard Garcia of Cordier Estates, Inc., proposing a viticultural area in Pecos County to be named "Escondido Valley." The diminutive viticultural area encompasses approximately 32,000 acres (50 sq mi) and contained one commercial winery operated by the petitioner cultivating about 250 acres (100 ha) under vine. The hardiness zone is 8b. In 2022, the AVA's sole winery filed bankruptcy and eventually liquidated operations auditioning off all its equipment. Its vineyards were abandoned after 35 years yielding quality fruit.

Fort Stockton, Texas
Fort Stockton is a city in and the county seat of Pecos County, Texas, United States. It is located on Interstate 10, future Interstate 14, U.S. Highways 67, 285, and 385, and the Santa Fe Railroad, 329 mi (529 km) northwest of San Antonio and 240 mi (390 km) southeast of El Paso.  Its population was 8,466 at the 2020 census.
2012–13 Ravan Baku season
The Ravan Baku 2012-13 season was Ravan Baku's second Azerbaijan Premier League season. Ravan started the season under new manager Cevat Güler, having replaced Bahman Hasanov in preseason. Güler was sacked as manager on 25 August with Hasanov being brought in as caretaker manager until Ravan appointed Kemal Alispahić on 24 September. Alispahić himself was sacked on 21 December 2012, after 4 wins in 13 games, and was replaced by Ramil Aliyev. Ravan went on to finish 8th in the league. They also participate in the 2012–13 Azerbaijan Cup, reaching the Quarterfinals, where they went out 6-2 on aggregate to Khazar Lankaran.

2012–13 Azerbaijan Cup
The Azerbaijan Cup 2012–13 is the 21st season of the annual cup competition in Azerbaijan. It started on 23 October 2012 with ten games of the first round and ended on 28 May 2013 with the final. FC Baku were the defending champions, with twenty-one teams competing in this year's competition.

The winner of the competition will qualify for the first qualifying round of the 2013–14 UEFA Europa League.
Passage Peak
Passage Peak is a prominent 5,990-foot (1,826 m) mountain summit located in the Chugach Mountains, in the U.S. state of Alaska. The unofficially named peak is situated in Chugach National Forest, 9 mi (14 km) northeast of Whittier, Alaska, near the isthmus of the Kenai Peninsula, where the Chugach Mountains meet the Kenai Mountains. Nearby peaks include Maynard Mountain and Boggs Peak, each approximately 10 mi (16 km) to the southwest. Although modest in elevation, relief is significant since the southern aspect of the mountain rises up from the tidewater of Prince William Sound's Passage Canal in approximately five miles. The peak takes its name from Passage Canal, which in turn was named in 1794 by Captain George Vancouver, presumably because it leads to a portage connecting Prince William Sound with Cook Inlet.

Whittier, Alaska
Whittier is a city at the head of the Passage Canal in the Chugach Census Area in the Unorganized Borough of Alaska, about 58 miles (93 km) southeast of Anchorage. The city is located within the Chugach Census Area, established in 2019 when the former Valdez–Cordova Census Area was dissolved.

The city's population was 272 at the 2020 census, having increased from 220 in 2010. Almost all of its residents live in the Begich Towers Condominium, earning it the nickname of a "town under one roof".

Whittier has an extremely wet climate, receiving an average of 197 inches (5,000 mm) of precipitation per year. It is a port for the Alaska Marine Highway.
Yonah (microprocessor)
Yonah is the code name of Intel's first generation 65 nm process CPU cores, based on cores of the earlier Banias (130 nm) / Dothan (90 nm) Pentium M microarchitecture.  Yonah CPU cores were used within Intel's Core Solo and Core Duo mobile microprocessor products. SIMD performance on Yonah improved through the addition of SSE3 instructions and improvements to SSE and SSE2 implementations; integer performance decreased slightly due to higher latency cache.  Additionally, Yonah included support for the NX bit.

Front-side bus
The front-side bus (FSB) is a computer communication interface (bus) that was often used in Intel-chip-based computers during the 1990s and 2000s.  The EV6 bus served the same function for competing AMD CPUs. Both typically carry data between the central processing unit (CPU) and a memory controller hub, known as the northbridge.

Depending on the implementation, some computers may also have a back-side bus that connects the CPU to the cache. This bus and the cache connected to it are faster than accessing the system memory (or RAM) via the front-side bus. The speed of the front side bus is often used as an important measure of the performance of a computer.

The original front-side bus architecture was replaced by HyperTransport, Intel QuickPath Interconnect, and Direct Media Interface, followed by Intel Ultra Path Interconnect and AMD's Infinity Fabric.
Guillermo Arévalo
Guillermo Arévalo Valera (born 1952) is a Shipibo vegetalista and businessperson from the Maynas Province of Peru. His Shipibo name is Kestenbetsa.

In 1982, Arévalo co-founded Aplicación de Medicina Tradicional (AMETRA), an organization that sought to improve the sustainability of health care for the Shipibo-Conibo people by integrating traditional plant medicines. He is also the owner of Anaconda Cosmica, a retreat lodge in Peruvian Amazonia. The lodge is marketed to health tourists who are interested in ayahuasca and other traditional medicines of the Amazon.

Among his several children is James Arévalo (b. 1972), a vegetalista whose Shipibo name is Panshincopi.

Vegetalismo
Vegetalismo is a term used to refer to a practice of mestizo shamanism in the Peruvian Amazon in which the shamans—known as vegetalistas—are said to gain their knowledge and power to cure from the vegetales, or plants of the region. Many believe to receive their knowledge from ingesting the hallucinogenic, emetic brew ayahuasca.
Blossia gens
The gens Blossia, also spelled Blosia, was a Roman family of Campanian origin, which came to prominence during the Second Punic War.  The most famous member of this gens is probably Gaius Blossius, an intimate friend of Tiberius Sempronius Gracchus, whom he urged to bring forward his agrarian law.  He fled from Rome after the murder of Gracchus, and eventually took his own life for fear of falling into the hands of his enemies.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
O'Day 240
The O'Day 240 is an American trailerable sailboat that was designed by C.R. Hunt & Associates as a cruiser and first built in 1988.

The O'Day 240 design was developed into the similar O'Day 250 in 1996.

Trailer sailer
A trailer sailer is a keelboat that is big enough to accommodate crew for a weekend cruise, yet small enough to be launched, rigged, and recovered single-handed. It is also relatively easy to haul on a trailer behind a car, which requires low displacement and a shallow draft.

Although many small yachts can in principle be moved on a trailer, not all qualify as trailer sailers. The term is generally reserved for cabin sailboats intended for regular ramp launching. It does not apply to dinghies or small open keelboats under about 19 feet, since these are almost always easy to tow due to their characteristic light weight and shallow draft.
Second Straujuma cabinet
The Second Straujuma cabinet was the government of Latvia from 5 November 2014 to 11 February 2016. It was the second government to be led by Laimdota Straujuma, who was the Prime Minister from 2014 to 2016. It took office after the October 2014 parliamentary election, succeeding the first Straujuma cabinet, which lasted 8 months.

Straujuma resigned on 7 December 2015, which led to immediate discussions on the new government. On 11 February 2016, parliament approved the new government of Prime Minister Māris Kučinskis.

Kučinskis cabinet
The Kučinskis cabinet was the government of Latvia from 11 February 2016 to 23 January 2019.

The stated objectives of the cabinet were to develop the economy, state security, education and health reform, the living standards of families, and social security.
Drink industry
The drink industry (or drinks industry, also known as the beverage industry) produces drinks, in particular alcoholic beverages, ready to drink beverages, and soft drink products.

Drink production can vary greatly depending on the product being made. ManufacturingDrinks.com explains that "bottling facilities differ in the types of bottling lines they operate and the types of products they can run". Drinks may be packaged in glass bottles, plastic bottles, or metal cans. Innovations in the drink industry, catalysed by requests for non-alcoholic drinks, include hot-fill or cold-fill, drink plants, processing, and packing.

Drink
A drink or beverage is a liquid intended for human consumption. In addition to their basic function of satisfying thirst, drinks play important roles in human culture. Common types of drinks include plain drinking water, milk, juice, smoothies and soft drinks. Traditionally warm beverages encompass coffee, tea, and hot chocolate. Caffeinated drinks that contain the stimulant caffeine, have been consumed for centuries.

In addition, alcoholic drinks such as wine, beer, and liquor, which contain the psychoactive substance ethanol, have been part of human culture for more than 8,000 years. Non-alcoholic drinks typically refer to beverages that are traditionally alcoholic—such as beer, wine, or cocktails—but are produced with a very low alcohol by volume content. This category includes beverages that have undergone processes to remove or significantly reduce alcohol, such as non-alcoholic beers and de-alcoholized wines.
Outline of Rome
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to Rome:

Rome – capital of Italy and a special comune (named Comune di Roma Capitale). Rome also serves as the capital of the Lazio region. With 2,876,076 residents in 1,285 km2 (496.1 sq mi), it is also the country's most populated comune. It is the fourth-most populous city in the European Union by population within city limits. It is the center of the Metropolitan City of Rome, which has a population of 4.3 million residents. Rome is located in the central-western portion of the Italian Peninsula, within Lazio (Latium), along the shores of the Tiber.

The Vatican City is an independent city-state enclaved within Rome, the only existing example of a state within a city: for this reason, Rome has been often defined as the capital of two states. Rome is a very old city, founded over 28 centuries ago, and it was the center of power of the ancient Roman civilization.

Seven hills of Rome
The seven hills of Rome (Latin: Septem colles/montes Romae, Italian: Sette colli di Roma [ˈsɛtte ˈkɔlli di ˈroːma]) east of the river Tiber form the geographical heart of Rome, within the walls of the city.
Samuel Merrill House
The Samuel Merrill House is a historic house located at 1285 N. Summit Ave. in Pasadena, California. Noted Pasadena architects Charles and Henry Greene designed the American Craftsman style house, which was built for conservationist Samuel Merrill in 1910. The single-story, L-shaped house is built from redwood and Arroyo stone, giving it a natural appearance; it also uses clinker brick for decoration. The house's gable roof features overhanging eaves and exposed rafter tails, characteristic features of Craftsman design. Several pairs of banded casement windows, many with wooden frames, are located throughout the facade. The house is considered one of the best-preserved small houses designed by Greene & Greene.

The house was added to the National Register of Historic Places on April 5, 2001.

Greene and Greene
Greene and Greene was an architectural firm established by brothers Charles Sumner Greene (1868–1957) and Henry Mather Greene (January 23, 1870 – October 2, 1954), influential early 20th century American architects.  Active primarily in California, their houses and larger-scale ultimate bungalows are prime exemplars of the American Arts and Crafts Movement.
Scholae Palatinae
The Scholae Palatinae (lit. 'Palatine Schools'; Greek: Σχολαί, romanized: Scholai) were an elite military imperial guard unit, usually ascribed to the Roman Emperor Constantine the Great as a replacement for the equites singulares Augusti, the cavalry arm of the Praetorian Guard. The Scholae survived in Roman and later Byzantine service until they disappeared from the historical record in the late 11th century, during the reign of Alexios I Komnenos.

Equites singulares Augusti
The equites singulares Augusti or equites singulares Imperatoris  (lit: "personal cavalry of the emperor" i.e. imperial horseguards) were the cavalry arm of the Praetorian Guard during the Principate period of imperial Rome. Based in Rome, they escorted the Roman emperor whenever he left the city on a campaign or on tours of the provinces. The equites singulares Augusti were a highly trained unit dedicated to protecting the emperor. Men who served in the equites singulares Augusti held a Roman public status as equites.
Nando Parrado
Fernando "Nando" Seler Parrado Dolgay (born 9 December 1949) is a Uruguayan businessman, producer, motivational speaker, author, television presenter, former rugby player, and a racing driver. He is one of the sixteen survivors of the Uruguayan Air Force Flight 571, which crashed in the Andes on 13 October 1972. After spending more than two months trapped in the mountains with the other crash survivors, he, along with Roberto Canessa, climbed through the Andes mountains over 10 days to find help.

Piers Paul Read
Piers Paul Read FRSL (born 7 March 1941) is a British novelist, historian and biographer. He was first noted in 1974 for a book of reportage, Alive: The Story of the Andes Survivors, later adapted as a feature film and a documentary. Read was educated at St. John's College, Cambridge, where he studied history.

Among his most popular works are the novels The Professor's Daughter, A Married Man, and A Season in the West. In addition to his written works, Read is also a dramatist and television scriptwriter. In recent years, he has produced a number of authorized biographies and popular history books which are intended for a general audience. Read has worked and lived in both the United Kingdom and the United States, where he published many of his recent works. Read was awarded the Sir Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize for The Junkers, the Hawthornden Prize and Somerset Maugham Award for Monk Dawson, the Thomas More Medal for Alive, and the Enid McLeod Award for The Free Frenchman.
Murphy (novel)
Murphy, first published in 1938, is an avant-garde novel, the third work of prose fiction by the Irish author and dramatist Samuel Beckett. The book was Beckett's second published prose work after the short-story collection More Pricks than Kicks (published in 1934) and his unpublished first novel Dream of Fair to Middling Women (published posthumously in 1992). It was written in English, rather than the French of much of Beckett's later writing. After many rejections, it was published by Routledge on the recommendation of Beckett's painter friend Jack Butler Yeats.

The University of Reading bought the six notebooks which made up the manuscript for Murphy in July 2013.

Dream of Fair to Middling Women
Dream of Fair to Middling Women is Samuel Beckett’s first novel. Written in English "in a matter of weeks" in 1932 when Beckett was only 26 and living in Paris, the clearly autobiographical novel was rejected by publishers and shelved by the author. The novel was eventually published in 1992, three years after the author's death.

The title parodies Tennyson's "A Dream of Fair Women" and the term "fair to middling," applied to agricultural products.