hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Rogers Creek (Pennsylvania)
Rogers Creek (also known as Marsh Creek) is a tributary of Huntington Creek, in Luzerne County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 2.9 miles (4.7 km) long and flows through Ross Township and Huntington Township. The watershed of the creek has an area of 7.10 square miles (18.4 km2). It is designated as a Coldwater Fishery and a Migratory Fishery. The creek flows through a broad valley in some locations and a gorge in other locations. A number of mills were built along it in the late 1700s.

Till
Till, or glacial till, is unsorted glacial sediment.

Till is derived from the erosion and entrainment of material by the moving ice of a glacier. It is deposited some distance down-ice to form terminal, lateral, medial and ground moraines.

Till is classified into primary deposits, laid down directly by glaciers, and secondary deposits, reworked by fluvial transport and other processes.
Regent Mill, Failsworth
Regent Mill, Failsworth is a Grade II listed former cotton spinning mill in Failsworth, Oldham, Greater Manchester, England. It was built by the Regent Mill Co Ltd. in 1905, and purchased by the Lancashire Cotton Corporation in 1930. It was taken over by the Courtaulds Group in 1964. On ceasing textile production it was occupied by Pifco Ltd, and then by Salton Europe Ltd who now occupy this site. It was driven by an 1800 hp twin tandem compound engine by Buckley & Taylor. It became a ring mill with 60,000 spindles in 1915, all provided by Platt Brothers.

Failsworth
Failsworth (/ˈfeɪlzwɜːθ/) is a town in the Metropolitan Borough of Oldham, Greater Manchester, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) north-east of Manchester and 3 miles (4.8 km) south-west of Oldham. The M60 ring-road motorway skirts it to the east. The population at the 2011 census was 20,680. Historically in Lancashire, Failsworth until the 19th century was a farming township linked ecclesiastically with Manchester. Inhabitants supplemented their farming income with domestic hand-loom weaving. The humid climate and abundant labour and coal led to weaving of textiles as a Lancashire Mill Town with redbrick cotton mills. A current landmark is the Failsworth Pole. Daisy Nook is a country park on the southern edge.
Volhynia Experiment
The Volhynia Experiment (Ukrainian: Волинський експеримент, romanized: Volyns'kyy eksperyment) was a cultural and political program, by the interwar Polish government, in Wołyń Province whose purpose was to create a Ukrainian identity that was also loyal to the Polish state. It was hoped that this program would, furthermore, lead to pro-Polish sympathies in Soviet Ukraine and serve as a potential aid to Polish plans concerning the Soviet Union.

The Wołyń Experiment was opposed both by Ukrainian nationalists in neighboring Galicia and by pro-Soviet communists.

Prometheism
Prometheism or Prometheanism (Polish: Prometeizm) was a political project initiated by Józef Piłsudski, a principal statesman of the Second Polish Republic from 1918 to 1935. Its aim was to weaken the Russian Empire and then the Soviet Union, by supporting nationalist independence movements among the major non-Russian peoples that lived within the borders of Russia and the Soviet Union.

Between the World Wars, Prometheism and Piłsudski's other concept, that of an "Intermarium federation", constituted two complementary geopolitical strategies for him and for some of his political heirs.
Laddu
Laddu or laddoo is a spherical sweet from the Indian subcontinent made of various ingredients and sugar syrup or jaggery. It has been described as "perhaps the most universal and ancient of Indian sweets."

Laddus are often served during celebrations and religious festivals, especially those associated with the Hindu deity Ganesha.

Khoa
Khoa, khoya, khowa or mawa is a soft cheese widely used in the cuisines of the Indian subcontinent, encompassing India, Nepal, and Pakistan. It is made of either dried whole milk or milk thickened by heating in an open iron pan. It is lower in moisture than typical fresh cheeses such as ricotta. It is made from whole milk instead of whey.
.local
The domain name .local is a special-use domain name reserved by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) so that it may not be installed as a top-level domain in the Domain Name System (DNS) of the Internet.  As such it is similar to the other special domain names, such as .localhost. However, .local has since been designated for use in link-local networking, in applications of multicast DNS (mDNS) and zero-configuration networking (zeroconf) so that DNS service may be established without local installations of conventional DNS infrastructure on local area networks.

Top-level domain
A top-level domain (TLD) is one of the domains at the highest level in the hierarchical Domain Name System of the Internet after the root domain. The top-level domain names are installed in the root zone of the name space. For all domains in lower levels, it is the last part of the domain name, that is, the last non-empty label of a fully qualified domain name. For example, in the domain name www.example.com, the top-level domain is .com. Responsibility for management of most top-level domains is delegated to specific organizations by the ICANN, an Internet multi-stakeholder community, which operates the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA), and is in charge of maintaining the DNS root zone.
EnteroMix
EnteroMix (Russian: ЭнтероМикс) is an experimental cancer immunotherapy under development in Russia. According to its developers, EnteroMix is a mixture of four oncolytic viruses—replication-competent human enteroviruses including Coxsackievirus A21, Echovirus 7, Enterovirus B75, and a modified derivative of a Sabin poliovirus vaccine strain—and is administered intravenously.

As of late 2025, it is in Phase I clinical trials, which primarily assess safety, dosage, and preliminary tolerability, rather than effectiveness. EnteroMix gained widespread international media attention in late 2025 despite having no public registrations in major international clinical trial databases, or publications in peer-reviewed journals internationally. Social media claims of high efficacy, imminent availability, and even ‘cure’ status have been shown to be exaggerated and misleading by independent fact-checking organisations.

Echovirus
Echovirus is a polyphyletic group of viruses associated with enteric disease in humans. The name is derived from "enteric cytopathic human orphan virus". These viruses were originally not associated with disease, but many have since been identified as disease-causing agents. The term "echovirus" was used in the scientific names of numerous species, but all echoviruses are now recognized as strains of various species, most of which are in the family Picornaviridae.
Ladder operator
In linear algebra (and its application to quantum mechanics), a raising or lowering operator (collectively known as ladder operators) is an operator that increases or decreases the eigenvalue of another operator.  In quantum mechanics, the raising and lowering operators are commonly known as the creation and annihilation operators, respectively. Well-known applications of ladder operators in quantum mechanics are in the formalisms of the quantum harmonic oscillator and angular momentum.

Root system
In mathematics, a root system is a configuration of vectors in a Euclidean space satisfying certain geometrical properties. The concept is fundamental in the theory of Lie groups and Lie algebras, especially the classification and representation theory of semisimple Lie algebras. Since Lie groups (and some analogues such as algebraic groups) and Lie algebras have become important in many parts of mathematics during the twentieth century, the apparently special nature of root systems belies the number of areas in which they are applied.  Further, the classification scheme for root systems, by Dynkin diagrams, occurs in parts of mathematics with no overt connection to Lie theory (such as singularity theory).  Finally, root systems are important for their own sake, as in spectral graph theory.
Coldberry Gutter
Coldberry Gutter (sometimes listed as Red Grooves Hush) is a narrow, incised west to east orientated gorge, on the watershed between and Newbiggin Beck and Hudeshope, near Middleton-in-Teesdale, County Durham, England.  The site is believed to have been scoured out by hushing for lead and other minerals as it has two former lead mines at either end, however, modern-day evidence points to the gutter being a glacial meltwater channel, which was utilised by the miners. The Coldberry Gutter is thought to be the largest and most dramatic hush in the North Pennines.

Hushing
Hushing is an ancient and historic mining method using a flood or torrent of water to reveal mineral veins. The method was applied in several ways, both in prospecting for ores, and for their exploitation. Mineral veins are often hidden below soil and sub-soil, which must be stripped away to discover the ore veins. A flood of water is very effective in moving soil as well as working the ore deposits when combined with other methods such as fire-setting.

Hushing was used during the formation and expansion of the Roman Empire from the 1st century BC on to the end of the empire. It was also widely used later, and apparently survived until modern times where the cost of explosives was prohibitive. It was widely used in the United States, where it was known as "booming".

A variant known as hydraulic mining where jets or streams of water are used to break down deposits, especially of alluvial gold and alluvial tin, is commonly used.
Edward Cotton (priest, died 1675)
Edward Cotton (2 November 1616 - 11 November 1675) was the Archdeacon of Cornwall from 1660 until his death.

Sleech was from Silverton, Devon and educated at Christ Church, Oxford. He was appointed Rector of St. Thomas and St. Peter, Winchester in 1640; a Canon of Exeter in 1660; Vicar of Bampton in 1663 and Treasurer of Exeter in 1672.

Exeter Cathedral
Exeter Cathedral, properly known as the Cathedral Church of Saint Peter in Exeter, is an Anglican cathedral, and the seat of the Bishop of Exeter, in the city of Exeter, Devon, in South West England. The present building was complete by about 1400 and has several notable features, including an early set of misericords, an astronomical clock and the longest uninterrupted medieval stone vaulted ceiling in the world.
Lemhi Pass
Lemhi Pass is a high mountain pass in the Beaverhead Mountains, part of the Bitterroot Range in the Rocky Mountains and within Salmon-Challis National Forest. The pass lies on the Montana-Idaho border on the Continental Divide, at an elevation of 7,373 feet (2,247 m) above sea level.  It is accessed via Lemhi Pass Road in Montana, and the Lewis and Clark Highway in Idaho, both gravel roads.  Warm Springs Road, which roughly follows the divide in Montana, passes just west of the pass's high point.

Continental Divide of the Americas
The Continental Divide of the Americas (also known as the Great Divide, the Western Divide or simply the Continental Divide; Spanish: Divisoria continental de América, Gran Divisoria) is the principal, and largely mountainous, hydrological divide of the Americas. The Continental Divide extends from the Bering Strait to the Strait of Magellan, and separates the watersheds that drain into the Pacific Ocean from those river systems that drain into the Atlantic and Arctic Ocean, including those that drain into the Gulf of Mexico, the Caribbean Sea, and Hudson Bay.

Although there are many other hydrological divides in the Americas, the Continental Divide is by far the most prominent of these because it tends to follow a line of high peaks along the main ranges of the Rocky Mountains and Andes, at a generally much higher elevation than the other hydrological divisions.
Xueheng School
The Xueheng School (simplified Chinese: 学衡派; traditional Chinese: 學衡派; pinyin: Xuéhéngpài), also known as the Hsueh-Heng School or the Critical Review group, was a major school of thought against the New Culture Movement in China. Active in the 1920s and 1930s, the school founded and published the academic journal of The Critical Review, also known by Xueheng in Chinese, and was named after the journal. The school was impacted by the New Humanism of Irving Babbitt, amid the crisis of modernity debates after the First World War. Thus, the school went against full westernization of China, but rather promote careful, selective absorption of western culture.

Liu Yizheng
Liu Yizheng (Chinese: 柳詒徵; pinyin: Liǔ Yízhēng; Wade–Giles: Liu I-cheng; 1880–1956) was a Chinese historian, calligrapher, librarian, cultural scholar, educator, and academic leader. He is known for his personal charisma, spirit and eruditeness. In modern Chinese academic field, it is said that the number of famous experts in various fields including in literature, history, geography, philosophy and even natural science he educated and enlighted was the most. Liu Yizheng and Wang Bohang were honorifically called Nanyong Double Pillars (Two pillars of Nanjing University) during the early period of the Republic of China.
Tacho people
Tacho is an indigenous ethnic group of South Sudan based mainly around southern Kordofan and in the Moro Hills  and in the areas surrounding the border between Sudan and South Sudan. They are also known by the names Tocho and Toicho; about 90% of the population practice Islam  as their main religion.

They speak Tocho, which is of the Talodi language group, with its root in the Niger-Congo languages. However they also speak Sudanese Arabic. Today their population possibly numbers less than 10,000.

Talodi people
The Talodi are a sub-ethnic group of the Nuba peoples in the Nuba Mountains of South Kordofan state, in Sudan.  They likely number more than 20,000 people.

The area's city and district, Talodi, are named for them.
BMW S1000XR
The BMW S1000XR is a sport touring motorcycle produced by BMW Motorrad since 2015. The all-rounder motorcycle was presented on 4 November 2014 at the EICMA, Milan, Italy.

The partially faired motorcycle is technically based on the S1000R naked bike and is marketed by the manufacturer as an "Adventure Sport Bike". After the fully enclosed sport bikes S1000RR and HP4 as well as the roadster S1000R, the XR is the fourth variant with the inline four-cylinder engine and assembled at the BMW plant in Berlin. The production started on 1 April 2015 and went on sale on 13 June.

BMW HP4 Race
The BMW HP4 Race is a 999 cc (61.0 cu in) four-cylinder engine sport bike made by BMW Motorrad in 2017 in a limited-production run of 750 units. It is a non-street-legal, track-only version of the HP4 variant of the BMW S1000RR.
Lower Nicola
Lower Nicola is a rural community in the Nicola Country region of the Southern Interior of British Columbia.  It is located at the confluence of Guichon Creek and the Nicola River.  The locality of Shulus is immediately adjacent to the southeast and is the headquarters of the Lower Nicola First Nation. Nicola Mameet 1, normally called Nicola Mameet Indian Reserve No. 1 is immediately adjacent. and is under the administration of the Lower Nicola First Nation.

Lower Nicola is located on BC Highway 8.

Nicola River
The Nicola River /ˈnɪkoʊlə/, originally French Rivière de Nicholas or Rivière de Nicolas, adapted to Nicolas River, Nicola's River in English, is one of the major tributaries of the Thompson River in the Canadian province of British Columbia, entering the latter at the town of Spences Bridge.
4015 Wilson–Harrington
4015 Wilson–Harrington is an active asteroid known both as comet 107P/Wilson–Harrington and as asteroid 4015 Wilson–Harrington. It passed 0.4 AU (60 million km) from Earth on 20 July 2022 and then passed perihelion (closest approach to the Sun) on 24 August 2022. It seldom gets brighter than apparent magnitude 16. It will return to perihelion on 25 November 2026.

Active asteroid
Active asteroids are small Solar System bodies that have asteroid-like orbits but show comet-like visual characteristics. That is, they show a coma, tail, or other visual evidence of mass-loss (like a comet), but their orbits remain within Jupiter's orbit (like an asteroid). These bodies were originally designated main-belt comets (MBCs) in 2006 by astronomers David C. Jewitt and Henry Hsieh, but this name implies they are necessarily icy in composition like a comet and that they only exist within the main-belt, whereas the growing population of active asteroids shows that this is not always the case.

The first active asteroid discovered is 7968 Elst–Pizarro. It was discovered (as an asteroid) in 1979 but then was found to have a tail by Eric Elst and Guido Pizarro in 1996 and given the cometary designation 133P/Elst–Pizarro.
Thrichomys
Thrichomys is a genus of South American rodents in the family Echimyidae. It contains at least five species, found in Bolivia, Brazil and Paraguay. They are as follows:

Thrichomys apereoides - Common punaré

Thrichomys fosteri - Foster's punaré

Thrichomys inermis - Highlands punaré

Thrichomys laurentius - Sao Lourenço punaré

Thrichomys pachyurus - Paraguayan punaré

Thrichomys laurentius
Thrichomys laurentius, the Sao Lourenço punaré, is a South American caviomorph rodent of the spiny rat family. It was formerly considered a subspecies of T apereoides. It is endemic to the northern Caatinga ecoregion of northeastern Brazil, a region of dry tropical forest and scrub, at elevations from 15 to 800 m. Little is known about its population trends and threats.
French Guatemalan
A French Guatemalan is a citizen of Guatemala with French ancestry. Guatemalans of French ancestry make up the third largest group of European ancestry in Guatemala, after German Guatemalans and Spanish Guatemalans. According to the French embassy, as of 2025, there are 960 French citizens in Guatemala.

Alliance française
Alliance française (French pronunciation: [aljɑ̃s fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; "French Alliance", stylised as af) is an international organization that aims to promote the French language and francophone culture around the world. Created in Paris on 21 July 1883 under the name Alliance française pour la propagation de la langue nationale dans les colonies et à l'étranger (French alliance for the propagation of the national language in the colonies and abroad), known now simply as L'Alliance française, its primary goal is teaching French as a second language. Headquartered in Paris, the Alliance had 850 centers in 137 countries on every inhabited continent in 2014.
Downshire Cliffs
The Downshire Cliffs are a line of precipitous basalt cliffs rising to 2,000 m above the Ross Sea and forming much of the eastern side of the Adare Peninsula, along the Borchgrevink Coast of northern Victoria Land, Antarctica. The nearest permanent research stations are the Italian Mario Zucchelli and South Korean Jang Bogo Stations some 400 km to the south in Terra Nova Bay.

Adare Peninsula
The Adare Peninsula (71°40′S 170°30′E﻿ / ﻿71.667°S 170.500°E﻿ / -71.667; 170.500), is a high ice-covered peninsula, 40 nautical miles (74 km; 46 mi) long, in the northeast part of Victoria Land, extending south from Cape Adare to Cape Roget. The peninsula was named by the New Zealand Antarctic Place-Names Committee (NZ-APC) for Cape Adare.
The peninsula is considered the southernmost point of the Borchgrevink Coast, named for Carsten Borchgrevink (1864-1934).
Dale Price
Norman Dale Price (February 26, 1924 – December 7, 1997) was a justice of the Arkansas Supreme Court in 1990.

Born in Berryville, Arkansas, Price received his undergraduate degree from the University of Arkansas, followed by a law degree from the University of Arkansas School of Law. He gained admission to the bar in 1951, and commenced the practice of law, serving for various periods as president of the Arkansas Trial Lawyers Association, as a member of the board of governors of the American Trial Lawyers Association, and on the state supreme court's ethics committee.

In February 1990, Governor Bill Clinton appointed Price, then 65, to a seat on the Arkansas Supreme Court vacated by the resignation of Darrell Hickman, for the remainder of Hickman's term, which expired later that year.

University of Arkansas School of Law
The University of Arkansas School of Law is the law school of the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville, Arkansas, a state university. It has around 445 students enrolled in its Juris Doctor (J.D.) and Master of Law (LL.M) programs and is home to the nation's first LL.M in agricultural and food law program. The School of Law is one of two law schools in the state of Arkansas; the other is the William H. Bowen School of Law (University of Arkansas at Little Rock).

According to the University of Arkansas School of Law's ABA-required disclosures, 74% of the Class of 2022 had obtained full-time, long-term employment nine months after graduation.
Tauphaedusa gottschei
Tauphaedusa gottschei is a species of land snail belonging to the subfamily Phaedusinae of the family Clausiliidae.

The species was first described in 1877 by Otto Franz von Möllendorff as Clausilia (Euphaedusa) Gottschei. The species epithet honours Gottsche, who collected the type specimen in Korea.

Clausiliidae
Clausiliidae, also known by the common name door snails, is a taxonomic family of small, very elongate, mostly left-handed, air-breathing land snails, sinistral terrestrial pulmonate gastropod mollusks.

With over 1700 recognized recent and fossil species, this is among the most diverse families of terrestrial gastropods (cf. Orthalicidae), although the marine gastropod family Pyramidellidae is larger.

Most species of Clausiliidae have an anatomical structure known as a clausilium, which enables the snail to close off the aperture of the shell with a sliding "door".
Alonso de Solís
Alonso de Solís (?  - 1576) was a soldier and explorer who served as governor of Florida between April and July 4, 1576, when he was killed. He also participated in the Narváez expedition as royal inspector of mines.

Solís joined the Castilian army in his youth, where he excelled and he reached the rank of official. On June 17, 1527, he participated, together with six hundred other men (among them Álvar Núñez Cabeza de Vaca), in the Narváez expedition, led by Pánfilo de Narváez, to conquer the provinces located between Rio de Palmas and Cape Florida. He served in the expedition as royal inspector of mines. Apparently, in 1574 De Solis and the governor of Florida Diego de Velasco took several fathoms of money to the Amerindians of Florida, who had a value equal to two ducats each, and also two canoes of the natives, without giving them any compensation.

Solís was appointed governor of Florida in April 1576, and was killed less than three months later on July 4, 1576.

Pánfilo de Narváez
Pánfilo de Narváez (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈpaɱfilo ðe naɾˈβaeθ]; born 1478, died 1528) was a Spanish conquistador and soldier in the Americas. Born in Spain, he first sailed to the island of Jamaica (then Santiago) in 1510 as a soldier. Pánfilo participated in the conquest of Cuba and led an expedition to Camagüey, escorting Bartolomé de las Casas.

He is best remembered as the leader of two failed expeditions, the first of which began in 1519 and ended in 1520 after defeat and capture in battle against Hernán Cortés. Pánfilo's second expedition, the Narváez expedition, began in 1527 and ended for him with his death the following year. Only four men returned from it, reaching present-day Mexico City in 1536. He was named an adelantado by King Carlos V before embarking on that final expedition.