hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
One Tree Hill, Honor Oak
One Tree Hill is a defining feature of Honor Oak, mostly in London Borough of Southwark but with parts also in the London Borough of Lewisham.  It includes a 7 hectare public park, local nature reserve and Site of Borough Importance for Nature Conservation, Grade 1, which is owned and managed by Southwark Council. Its name, and that of the Honor Oak area, derive from the Oak of Honor, a tree on the hill which marked the southern boundary of the Norman Honour of Gloucester.

One Tree Hill was  once a part of a much larger landscape called the Great North Wood. The London Wildlife Trust is currently working with Southwark Council and the Friends of One Tree Hill to improve the site for wildlife, as a part of its  Great North Wood Project.

Feudal barony of Gloucester
The feudal barony of Gloucester or Honour of Gloucester was one of the largest of the mediaeval English feudal baronies in 1166, comprising 279 knight's fees,  or manors. The constituent landholdings were spread over many counties. The location of the caput at Gloucester is not certain as Gloucester Castle appears to have been a royal castle, but it is known that the baronial court was held at Bristol in Gloucestershire.
Vogel Place Historic District
The Vogel Place Historic District is a nationally recognized historic district located in Ottumwa, Iowa, United States.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1995. At the time of its nomination it contained 158 resources, which included 101 contributing buildings, six contributing structures, and 51 non-contributing buildings.

National Register of Historic Places property types
The U.S. National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) classifies its listings by various types of properties. Listed properties generally fall into one of five categories, though there are special considerations for other types of properties which do not fit into these five broad categories or fit into more specialized subcategories. The five general categories for NRHP properties are: building, district, object, site, and structure.
Paadatha Thenikkal
Paadatha Thenikkal (transl. The bees that do not sing) is a 1988 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by V. M. C. Haneefa, starring Sivakumar and Radhika. It is a remake of the Malayalam film Sandarbham. The film was released on 8 November 1988.

Sivakumar
Palaniswamy (born 27 October 1941), better known by his stage name Sivakumar, is an Indian visual artist and former actor who has appeared in Tamil cinema and television. He made his acting debut in Kaakum Karangal (1965) and has worked in 195 movies, predominantly in Tamil cinema. He has won three Filmfare Awards South and two Tamil Nadu State Film Awards.
Reunited National Party
The Reunited National Party (Afrikaans: Herenigde Nasionale Party, HNP) was an Afrikaner nationalist and conservative political party in South Africa. It was founded in 1940 from the merger of the Purified National Party (Gesuiwerde Nasionale Party, GNP) led by future prime minister D. F. Malan and a faction of the United Party (UP) led by J. B. M. Hertzog, who split from the party and resigned as prime minister of South Africa in opposition to the country's support for the Allies during World War II. The HNP won a plurality of seats at the 1948 general election despite losing the popular vote to the UP and formed a coalition government with the Afrikaner Party (AP), which it merged with to form the National Party (NP) in 1951; the NP name had previously been used by the party Hertzog merged into the UP.

United Party (South Africa)
The United National South African Party (Afrikaans: Verenigde Suid-Afrikaanse Nasionale Party) commonly the United Party (UP) (Afrikaans: Verenigde Party, VP) was a South African political party that was the ruling party from its formation in 1934 until 1948. Formed from the parties of Prime Ministers J. B. M. Hertzog and Jan Smuts, the United Party bridged white English-speakers, Afrikaners and Coloureds. It was considered more liberal on race relations than the National Party, which strongly supported the preservation of white supremacy. The United Party lost the 1948 general election to the National Party which subsequently implemented apartheid. The United Party never held power again and dissolved in 1977, with remnants forming the New Republic Party and other smaller groups.
Impression (online media)
An impression (in the context of online advertising) is when an ad is fetched from its source, and is countable. Whether the ad is clicked is not taken into account.
Each time an ad is fetched, it is counted as one impression.

Because of the possibility of click fraud, robotic activity is usually filtered and excluded,
and a more technical definition is given for accounting purposed by the IAB, a standards and watchdog industry group: "Impression" is a measurement of responses from a Web server to a page request from the user browser, which is filtered from robotic activity and error codes, and is recorded at a point as close as possible to opportunity to see the page by the user.

Cost per impression
Cost per impression (CPI) and cost per thousand impressions (CPM) are terms used in traditional advertising media selection,  as well as online advertising and marketing related to web traffic. They refer to the cost of traditional advertising or internet marketing or email advertising campaigns, where advertisers pay each time an ad is displayed. CPI is the cost or expense incurred for each potential customer who views the advertisement(s), while CPM refers to the cost or expense incurred for every thousand potential customers who view the advertisement(s). CPM is an initialism for cost per mille, with mille being Latin for thousand.

In recent years, to address the potential issue of advertisers getting charged for low-value ad impressions, a new metric has become an industry standard: viewable CPM. With this an ad is considered as 'viewable' when at least 50 per cent of a display ad is shown for one second or longer, or a video ad plays continuously for two seconds or more.
Alternating Turing machine
In computational complexity theory, an alternating Turing machine (ATM) is a non-deterministic Turing machine (NTM) with a rule for accepting computations that generalizes the rules used in the definition of the complexity classes NP and co-NP.  The concept of an ATM was set forth by Chandra and Stockmeyer and independently by Kozen in 1976, with a joint journal publication in 1981.

Nondeterministic Turing machine
In theoretical computer science, a nondeterministic Turing machine (NTM) is a theoretical model of computation whose governing rules specify more than one possible action when in some given situations. That is, an NTM's next state is not completely determined by its action and the current symbol it sees, unlike a deterministic Turing machine.

NTMs are sometimes used in thought experiments to examine the abilities and limits of computers. One of the most important open problems in theoretical computer science is the P versus NP problem, which (among other equivalent formulations) concerns the question of how difficult it is to simulate nondeterministic computation with a deterministic computer.
Sai van Wermeskerken
Sai van Wermeskerken (ファン ウェルメスケルケン 際, Fan Werumesukeruken Sai; born 28 June 1994) is a professional footballer who plays as a right-back for Kawasaki Frontale. Born in the Netherlands, he is a former youth international for Japan.

Kawasaki Frontale
Kawasaki Frontale (川崎フロンターレ, Kawasaki Furontāre) is a Japanese professional football club based in Kawasaki, Kanagawa Prefecture, south of Tokyo. The club currently compete in the J1 League, which is the top tier of football in the country. Their home stadium is Kawasaki Todoroki Stadium in Nakahara Ward, located in the central area of Kawasaki.
How the Web Was Woven
"How the Web Was Woven" is a song written by English songwriters Clive Westlake and David Most. It was first recorded by rock and soul singer Jackie Lomax and released in February 1970 as his final single on the Beatles' Apple record label. George Harrison produced the recording, which also features contributions from American musician Leon Russell. The single is unique in that, with Paul McCartney producing the B-side, each side was produced by a different member of the Beatles.

Elvis Presley issued a recording of the song later in 1970 on his album That's the Way It Is. Presley's version was also the B-side of his 1971 single "I Just Can't Help Believin'", which became a top-ten hit in Britain and other European countries.

Apple Records
Apple Records is a British record label founded by the Beatles in 1968 as a division of Apple Corps Ltd. It was initially intended as a creative outlet for the Beatles, both as a group and individually, plus a selection of other artists including Mary Hopkin, James Taylor, Badfinger, and Billy Preston. In practice, the roster had become dominated by the mid-1970s with releases of the former Beatles as solo artists. Allen Klein managed the label from 1969 to 1973, then it was managed by Neil Aspinall on behalf of the Beatles and their heirs. Aspinall retired in 2007 and was replaced by Jeff Jones. Jones stepped down on 21 October 2024 and was replaced by Tom Greene in September 2025.
Waterloo Medal
The Waterloo Medal is a military decoration that was conferred upon every officer, non-commissioned officer and soldier of the British Army (including members of the King's German Legion) who took part in one or more of the following battles: Ligny (16 June 1815), Quatre Bras (16 June 1815) and Waterloo (18 June 1815).

Battle of Quatre Bras
The Battle of Quatre Bras was fought on 16 June 1815, as a preliminary engagement to the decisive Battle of Waterloo that occurred two days later. The battle took place near the strategic crossroads of Quatre Bras and was contested between elements of the Duke of Wellington's Anglo-allied army and the left wing of Napoleon Bonaparte's French Armée du Nord under Marshal Michel Ney. The battle was a tactical victory for Wellington (as he possessed the field at dusk), but because Ney prevented him going to the aid of Blücher's Prussians who were fighting the French army under the command of Napoleon Bonaparte at Ligny it was a strategic victory for the French.
Hatakeyama Yoshinari
Hatakeyama Yoshinari (畠山 義就; 1437? – January 21, 1491) was a Japanese samurai and feudal lord (daimyō) of the Muromachi period (early 15th century), who is most known for his rivalry with Hatakeyama Masanaga over the position of Kanrei, or Shōgun's Deputy.

This rivalry grew out of the larger conflict between Hosokawa Katsumoto and Yamana Sōzen, which escalated into the Ōnin War. Masanaga and Yoshinari were largely stalemated for much of this period, as Yamana and Hosokawa Katsumoto warned that the first to engage in battle within the capital would be declared a rebel. Becoming a "rebel" meant losing alliances as well as honor.

Yamana Sōzen
Yamana Sōzen (山名 宗全; July 6, 1404 – April 15, 1473) was originally Yamana Mochitoyo (山名 持豊) before becoming a monk. Due to his red complexion, he was sometimes known as Aka-nyūdō, "the Red Monk". He was one of the shogun daimyōs who fought against Hosokawa Katsumoto during the Ōnin War in Heian-kyō.
House under the Starry Sky
House under the Starry Sky (Russian: Дом под звёздным небом, romanized: Dom pod zvyozdnym nebom) is a 1991 Soviet comedy-drama/speculative fiction film directed by Sergei Solovyov. It is the final installment of the director's trilogy: Assa (1987) / Black Rose Is an Emblem of Sorrow, Red Rose Is an Emblem of Love (1989) / House Under the Starry Sky (1991).

Assa (film)
Assa (Russian: Асса) is a 1987 Soviet crime film directed and co-written by Sergei Solovyov. It became a cult film, mainly because it was one of the films that brought Russian rock music from the underground into the mainstream. Solovyov made a sequel to the film twenty years later, 2-ASSA-2.

While there are no causal links to it, Sovietology uses the release of Assa as a benchmark for when Perestroika reached the mass culture, and accordingly, entered its prime phase. This could be explained by the fact that the film was the first sanctioned production to feature group Kino.
Hoyalacerta
Hoyalacerta is an extinct genus of lizard known from the type species Hoyalacerta sanzi, which is from the Early Cretaceous Las Hoyas fossil site in Spain. Hoyalacerta was named in 1999 and is considered either a member of the group Iguania or a stem squamate, meaning that it lies outside the squamate crown group that includes all living lizards and snakes. Hoyalacerta is a small lizard with an elongated body and short limbs. It is thought to have spent most of its time on the ground. Several other lizards are also known from Las Hoyas, including Meyasaurus (thought to have lived near the water), Scandensia (thought to be a climber), and Jucaraseps (which, like Hoyalacerta, probably lived on the ground away from water). Features of Hoyalacerta that distinguish it from other Las Hoyas lizards include smooth skull bones, simple cone-shaped teeth, and short limbs relative to body length.

Crown group
In phylogenetics, the crown group or crown assemblage is a collection of species composed of the living representatives of the collection, the most recent common ancestor of the collection, and all descendants of the most recent common ancestor. It is thus a way of defining a clade, a group consisting of a species and all its extant or extinct descendants. For example, Neornithes (birds) can be defined as a crown group, which includes the most recent common ancestor of all modern birds, and all of its extant or extinct descendants.

The concept was developed by Willi Hennig, the formulator of phylogenetic systematics, as a way of classifying living organisms relative to their extinct relatives in his "Die Stammesgeschichte der Insekten",
and the "crown" and "stem" group terminology was coined by R. P. S. Jefferies in 1979. Though formulated in the 1970s, the term was not commonly used until its reintroduction in 2000 by Graham Budd and Sören Jensen.
Aldo Duro
Aldo Duro (25 January 1916 – 11 July 2000) was a Dalmatian Italian linguist and lexicographer. He worked for both the Accademia della Crusca and the Enciclopedia Italiana, of which he was director of the lexicography. Duro was also the director of the Italian Vocabulary.

Bruno Migliorini
Bruno Migliorini (Italian pronunciation: [ˈbruːno miʎʎoˈriːni]; 19 November 1896 – 18 June 1975) was an Italian linguist and philologist. He was the author of one of the first scientific histories of Italian language and was president of the Accademia della Crusca.
Cold Water (song)
"Cold Water" is a song by American electronic dance music production group Major Lazer, featuring vocals from Canadian singer Justin Bieber and Danish singer MØ. The song was released on July 22, 2016, as the lead single from their debut greatest hits album, Major Lazer Essentials. It became Major Lazer's third collaboration with MØ after "Lean On" and "Lost".

"Cold Water" peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart and number two on the US Billboard Hot 100. The song also reached number one in Australia, Austria, Belgium (Wallonia), Brazil, Canada, Finland, Ireland, Italy, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Portugal, Sweden and Switzerland; as well as the top 10 in Belgium (Flanders), Denmark, France, Germany, Greece, Iceland, Israel, Lebanon, Luxembourg, Mexico, Scotland, South Africa and Spain.

Lost (Frank Ocean song)
"Lost" is a song by American singer-songwriter Frank Ocean. It was released as the fourth single from his debut studio album Channel Orange (2012). The song was written by Ocean, Micah Otano, Paul “Phamous” Shelton, and Malay; with production primarily handled by the latter.

The single has also been covered by American record production trio Major Lazer on their 2015 album Peace is the Mission: Extended, featuring vocals from Danish singer MØ, along with English electro band Swiss Lips as well as covered by English singer-songwriter Jorja Smith.
Stiven Mendoza
John Stiven Mendoza Valencia (born 27 June 1992) is a Colombian professional footballer who plays as a forward for Brazilian club Athletico Paranaense. He earned two caps for the Colombia national football team in 2019.

Formed at Envigado and loaned to América Cali and Cúcuta Deportivo, he joined Deportivo Cali in 2013. In 2014, he was signed by Chennaiyin for the inaugural Indian Super League season, after which he joined Corinthians, being loaned back for the second installment of the ISL. He won the Golden Boot that season, helping Chennaiyin win the ISL. Following further loans at New York City FC and Bahia he signed for Amiens in January 2018. Three years later, he returned to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A with Ceará, and subsequently represented Santos, suffering relegation with both clubs. After brief stints at Adana Demirspor in Turkey and Club León in Mexico, Mendoza joined Athletico Paranaense in 2025.

Envigado F.C.
Envigado Fútbol Club (Spanish pronunciation: [embiˈɣaðo ˈfuðβol ˈkluβ]) is a Colombian professional football team based in Envigado, that currently plays in the Categoría Primera B. They play their home games at the Estadio Polideportivo Sur.

The club is renowned for the quality of its youth development and the number of international stars who have begun their careers with the team including James Rodríguez, Fredy Guarín, Juan Fernando Quintero, Jhon Córdoba, Mateus Uribe, Giovanni Moreno, Jhon Duran among others. It is frequently considered one of the best youth academies in South America, which is why it is known as "Cantera de Heroes" (Quarry of Heroes).
Daniela Volpi
Daniela Volpi  (born (1974-06-11)11 June 1974) is a retired Italian female volleyball player. She was part of the Italy women's national volleyball team.

She participated in the 1994 FIVB Volleyball Women's World Championship. On club level she played with Carrarese.

Carrarese Calcio 1908
Carrarese Calcio 1908, commonly referred to as Carrarese, is an Italian football club based in Carrara, Tuscany. The team plays in Serie B, second tier of Italian football, after promotion from Serie C in 2023–24.
Cahal Pech
Cahal Pech is a Maya site located near the town of San Ignacio in the Cayo District of Belize. The site was a palatial, hilltop home for an elite Maya family, and though the most major construction dates to the Classic period, evidence of continuous habitation has been dated to as far back as 1200 BCE during the Early Middle Formative period (Early Middle Preclassic), making Cahal Pech one of the oldest recognizably Maya sites in Western Belize.

Preclassic Maya
The Preclassic period in Maya history stretches from the beginning of permanent village life c. 1000 BC until the advent of the Classic Period c. 250 AD, and is subdivided into Early (prior to 1000 BC), Middle (1000–400 BC), and Late (400 BC – 250 AD).  Major archaeological sites of this period include Nakbe, Uaxactun, Seibal, San Bartolo, Cival, and El Mirador.

Maya society underwent a series of profound transformations between c. 100 AD and 250 AD, which resulted in the cessation of monumental building at many Preclassic cities and the inferred collapse of their political and economic systems, often characterized as the "Preclassic Collapse."
Fighting Youth
Fighting Youth is a 1935 American drama film directed by Hamilton MacFadden and written by Henry Johnson, Hamilton MacFadden and newspaper reporter Florabel Muir. The film stars Charles Farrell, June Martel, Andy Devine, J. Farrell MacDonald, Ann Sheridan and Edward Nugent. The film was released on November 1, 1935, by Universal Pictures.

Charles Farrell
Charles David Farrell (August 9, 1900 – May 6, 1990) was an American film actor whose height was in the 1920s and 1930s and the Mayor of Palm Springs from 1947 to 1955. Farrell was known for his onscreen romances with actress Janet Gaynor in more than a dozen films, including 7th Heaven, Street Angel, and Lucky Star. Later in life, he starred on TV in the 1950s sitcoms My Little Margie and played himself in The Charles Farrell Show. He was also among the early developers of Palm Springs.
Cam Lockridge
Cameron Lockridge is an American professional football cornerback for the Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Hawaii Rainbow Warriors and Fresno State Bulldogs.

Ottawa Redblacks
The Ottawa Redblacks (officially stylized as REDBLACKS) (French: Rouge et Noir d'Ottawa) are a professional Canadian football team based in Ottawa. The team plays in the East Division of the Canadian Football League (CFL).

Starting play in 2014, the Redblacks are the third CFL team to play in the city of Ottawa. The Ottawa Rough Riders, formed in 1876, were a founding member of the CFL in 1958 and played until 1996. A new Ottawa franchise was formed as the Renegades in 2002 and lasted until the end of the 2005 season. The Redblacks won the 2016 Grey Cup Championship, which ended a 40-year Grey Cup championship drought for the city of Ottawa.
Achala Wengappuli
Arachchige Achala Uthpalavarna Wengappuli is a Sri Lankan lawyer serving since 1 December 2020 as a puisne justice of the Supreme Court of Sri Lanka. He was appointed by President Gotabaya Rajapaksa.

He was a Judge of the Court of Appeal of Sri Lanka from 2018 to 2020 and a judge of the High Court of Sri Lanka from 2007 to 2018.

Supreme Court of Sri Lanka
The Supreme Court of Sri Lanka (Sinhala: ශ්‍රී ලංකා ශ්‍රේෂ්ඨාධිකරණය, romanized: Śrī Laṅkā Śreṣthādikaranaya; Tamil: இலங்கை உயர் நீதிமன்றம், romanized: Ilaṇkai uyar nītimaṉṟam) is the highest court in Sri Lanka and the final judicial instance of record. Established in 1801 and empowered to exercise its powers subject to the provisions of the Constitution of Sri Lanka, the Supreme Court has ultimate appellate jurisdiction in constitutional matters and takes precedence over all lower courts. The Sri Lankan judicial system is a complex blend of common law and civil law. In some cases, such as those involving capital punishment, the decision may be passed on to the President of Sri Lanka for clemency petitions. The current Chief Justice of Sri Lanka is Padman Surasena.
Blatten (Lötschen)
Blatten (German pronunciation: [ˈblatn̩]) is a village and municipality in the Lötschental in the canton of Valais, Switzerland, which was almost entirely destroyed by a cataclysmic landslide on 28 May 2025. It is part of the district of Westlich Raron, and much of its area lies within the Jungfrau-Aletsch protected area, a World Heritage Site. In addition to the main village of Blatten, the municipality includes the settlements of Eisten, Fafleralp, Ried and Weissenried.

The Belalp ski resort and village of Blatten bei Naters lie some 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) to the south-east in a direct line, or about 50 kilometres (31 mi) by road.

Jungfrau-Aletsch protected area
The Jungfrau-Aletsch protected area (officially Swiss Alps Jungfrau-Aletsch) is located in south-western Switzerland between the cantons of Bern and Valais. It is a mountainous region in the easternmost side of the Bernese Alps, containing the northern wall of Jungfrau and Eiger, and the largest glaciated area in western Eurasia, comprising the Aletsch Glacier. The Jungfrau-Aletsch protected area is the first World Natural Heritage site in the Alps; it was inscribed in 2001.