hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Concept search
A concept search (or conceptual search) is an automated information retrieval method that is used to search electronically stored unstructured text (for example, digital archives, email, scientific literature, etc.) for information that is conceptually similar to the information provided in a search query. In other words, the ideas expressed in the information retrieved in response to a concept search query are relevant to the ideas contained in the text of the query.

Information retrieval
Information retrieval (IR) in computing and information science is the task of identifying and retrieving information system resources that are relevant to an information need. The information need can be specified in the form of a search query. In the case of document retrieval, queries can be based on full-text or other content-based indexing. Information retrieval is the science of searching for information in a document, searching for documents themselves, and also searching for the metadata that describes data, and for databases of texts, images, or sounds. Cross-modal retrieval implies retrieval across modalities.

Automated information retrieval systems are used to reduce what has been called information overload. An IR system is a software system that provides access to books, journals, and other documents, as well as storing and managing those documents. Web search engines are the most visible IR applications.
Graham Fenton (singer)
Graham Robert Rankine (28 May 1947 – 10 August 2025), known professionally as Graham Fenton, was an English rockabilly singer, best known as the lead vocalist and frontman of the English rockabilly band Matchbox. With a career spanning several decades, Fenton was a prominent figure in the British rockabilly revival of the 1980s. In addition to his work with Matchbox, he also had a long solo career, collaborating with numerous rock and roll artists over the years such as Gene Vincent, Chuck Berry, and Bo Diddley.

Bo Diddley
Ellas Bates McDaniel (December 30, 1928 – June 2, 2008), known professionally as Bo Diddley, was an American guitarist, singer and songwriter who played a key role in the transition from the blues to rock and roll. He influenced many artists, including Buddy Holly, the Beatles, the Rolling Stones, the Animals, George Thorogood, Syd Barrett, Tom Petty, and the Clash.

His use of African rhythms and a signature beat, a simple five-accent hambone rhythm, is a cornerstone of hip hop, rock, and pop music. In recognition of his achievements, he was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1987, the Blues Hall of Fame in 2003, and the Rhythm and Blues Music Hall of Fame in 2017. He received a Lifetime Achievement Award from the Rhythm and Blues Foundation and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award. Diddley is also recognized for his technical innovations, including his use of tremolo and reverb effects to enhance the sound of his distinctive rectangular guitars.
The Way It Is (Valerie Carter album)
The Way It Is is Valerie Carter's third solo album. This album features background vocals by James Taylor, Linda Ronstadt, Jackson Browne, Lyle Lovett, Phoebe Snow, David Lasley, Arnold McCuller and Kate Markowitz.

Phoebe Snow
Phoebe Snow (born Phoebe Ann Laub; July 17, 1950 – April 26, 2011) was an American roots music singer-songwriter and guitarist, known for her hit 1974 and 1975 songs "Poetry Man" and "Harpo's Blues", and her credited guest vocals on Paul Simon’s "Gone at Last". She was described by The New York Times as a "contralto grounded in a bluesy growl and capable of sweeping over four octaves". Snow also sang numerous commercial jingles for many U.S. products during the 1980s and 1990s, including General Foods International Coffees, Salon Selectives, and Stouffer's. Snow experienced success in Australia in the late 1970s and early 1980s with five top 100 albums in that country. In 1995 she recorded a gospel album with Sisters of Glory.
Tonni Adamsen
Tonni Adamsen (born 15 November 1994) is a Danish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Danish Superliga club Silkeborg.

Adamsen began his senior career with Taastrup FC, moving to Danish 2nd Division side Frem in 2018. He spent two and a half seasons with the Copenhagen-based club, before signing for Helsingør in the Danish 1st Division in January 2021, where he played two full seasons. In August 2022, he joined Silkeborg and went on to win the 2023–24 Danish Cup, while also being named Silkeborg Player of the Year for 2024.

FC Helsingør
FC Helsingør is a Danish professional football club based in Helsingør. The club plays in the Danish 2nd Division, having been relegated after finishing 12th in the Danish 1st Division in the 2023–24 season. The club has finished their first two seasons in the top 4 of the Danish 1st Division. In their third season they finished 6th but in their 4th season they suffered relegation finishing bottom of the 1. Division.
Growlanser (video game)
Growlanser is a tactical role-playing game for the PlayStation. It was developed by Career Soft and published in Japan by Atlus in 1999. It is the first installment in the Growlanser series, a spiritual successor to the Langrisser series.

Like all Growlanser games, the character art was done by Satoshi Urushihara. The game's music was done by Noriyuki Iwadare, with the opening theme being performed by Rukan Aru, and the ending theme being performed by Ayumi Ootsu. A direct sequel to the game was released in 2001 under the name Growlanser II: The Sense of Justice.

A port to Microsoft Windows was released on April 25, 2001. An enhanced remake of the game for PlayStation Portable was released on May 14, 2009.

Growlanser
Growlanser (Japanese: グローランサー, Hepburn: Gurōransā) is a series of tactical role-playing games with installments on the PlayStation, PlayStation 2, and PlayStation Portable. The franchise has been developed by Career Soft, and is owned by Atlus and Sega. The series is set in a world that is being taken over by an ancient evil. It is a spiritual successor to Career Soft's earlier Langrisser series. Working Designs published Growlanser II and III in North America together in a package called Growlanser Generations that had additional features. Growlanser V: Generations was published in North America by Atlus USA and Europe by Rising Star Games under the name Growlanser: Heritage of War. The PSP version of Growlanser IV: Wayfarer of Time was also published in North America by Atlus. All titles feature character art by Satoshi Urushihara.
Tula Chiefdom
The Tula Kingdom is a Nigerian traditional state in northern Nigeria with its headquarters in Wange, Kaltungo Local Government Area, Gombe. It comprises three districts: Yiri, Baule and Wange, and is located 101 kilometres (63 mi) away from the Gombe State capital and 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) off the Adamawa-Yola highway. The Present Mai or King Dr Abubakar Buba Atare II is the paramount ruler and chairman of Tula Chiefdom.

Kaltungo
KaltungoListenⓘ is one of the 11 Local Governments Area of Gombe State, Nigeria. Its headquarters are in the town of Kaltungo, located in the western part of the Local Government Area on the A345 highway at 9°48′51″N 11°18′32″E﻿ / ﻿9.81417°N 11.30889°E﻿ / 9.81417; 11.30889.

Kaltungo LGA covers an area of 881 square kilometers and experiences two distinct seasons: the dry season and the rainy season. The area receives an estimated 1000 mm of annual precipitation. Wind speed in Kaltungo LGA averages 10 km/h.
Kadathanaattu Maakkam
Kadathanaattu Maakkam is a 1978 Indian Malayalam-language epic-fantasy film directed and produced by Navodaya Appachan under Navodaya Studio. The film stars Prem Nazir, Jayan, Sheela and Sukumari in the lead roles. The film has musical score by G. Devarajan.

G. Devarajan
Paravoor Govindan Devarajan (1927–2006), popularly known as G. Devarajan or Devarajan master, was an Indian music composer and Carnatic vocalist. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers in the history of Malayalam film music, as well as being a highly respected figure among South Indian film musicians as a whole. He scored music for more than 300 Malayalam films, many dramas, and twenty Tamil and four Kannada movies. His collaborations with Vayalar Ramavarma produced the golden era of Malayalam film music and many of his compositions remain evergreen classics in Malayalam. His music in the Tamil film Annai Velankanni has received many accolades. Devarajan received Kerala Government's Best Music Director award five times, among other honours. In 1999, he was honoured with the J. C. Daniel Award, Kerala government's highest honour for contributions to Malayalam cinema.
Mike Mollo
Mike Mollo (born February 11, 1980) is an American former professional boxer. A fan favorite for his aggressive style in Chicago, Mollo is perhaps best known for his bouts with Polish fighters Art Binkowski, Artur Szpilka, Andrew Golota, and Krzysztof Zimnoch. He was managed by Darnell Nicholson.

Danell Nicholson
Danell Nicholson (born November 15, 1967) is a former American Olympian and a boxer in the heavyweight division. He held the IBO World Heavyweight title in 1994, and in 2003 challenged Wladimir Klitschko for the WBA Intercontinental Heavyweight title.
Yucatán Platform
The Yucatán Platform or Yucatán Shelf is a geologic or physiographic province, and a continental and carbonate platform, in the Maya Block of the southernmost portion of the North American Plate. It comprises the Yucatán Peninsula and its continental shelf, located between the Gulf of Mexico and the Caribbean Sea.

Physiographic province
A physiographic province is a geographic region with a characteristic geomorphology, and often specific subsurface rock type or structural elements.  The continents are subdivided into various physiographic provinces, each having a specific character, relief, and environment which contributes to its distinctiveness. The physiographic provinces are then subdivided into smaller physiographic sections.
New Philadelphia Red Birds
The New Philadelphia Red Birds were a minor league baseball team based in New Philadelphia, Ohio. In 1936, the New Philadelphia Red Birds played briefly as members of the Class D level Ohio State League, as a minor league affiliate of the St. Louis Cardinals.

Ohio State League
The Ohio State League was a minor league baseball league that operated in numerous seasons between 1887 and 1947, predominantly as a Class D level league. League franchises were based in Indiana, Kentucky, Michigan, Ohio and West Virginia.
Classification of sleep disorders
Classification of sleep disorders comprises systems for classifying medical disorders associated with sleep. Systems have changed, increasingly using technological discoveries to advance the understanding of sleep and recognition of sleep disorders.

Three systems of classification are in use worldwide: the International Classification of Diseases (ICD), the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM), and the International Classification of Sleep Disorders (ICSD). The ICD and DSM lump different disorders together, while the ICSD tends to split related disorders into multiple discrete categories. There has, over the last 60 years, occurred a slow confluence of the three systems of classification. The validity and reliability of various sleep disorders are yet to be proved and need further research within the ever-changing field of sleep medicine.

Circadian rhythm sleep disorder
Circadian rhythm sleep disorders (CRSD), also known as circadian rhythm sleep–wake disorders (CRSWD), are a family of sleep disorders that affect the timing of sleep. CRSDs cause a persistent pattern of sleep/wake disturbances that arise either by dysfunction in one's biological clock system, or by misalignment between one's endogenous oscillator and externally imposed cues. As a result of this misalignment, those affected by circadian rhythm sleep disorders can fall asleep at unconventional time points in the day, or experience excessive daytime sleepiness if they resist. These occurrences often lead to recurring instances of disrupted rest and wakefulness, where individuals affected by the disorder are unable to go to sleep and awaken at "normal" times for work, school, and other social obligations. Delayed sleep phase disorder, advanced sleep phase disorder, non-24-hour sleep–wake disorder and irregular sleep–wake rhythm disorder represent the four main types of CRSD.
Scarning
Scarning is a village and civil parish in the Breckland district of Norfolk, England. It covers an area of 14.13 km2 (5.46 sq mi) and had a population of 2,932 in 1,092 households at the 2001 census, reducing to 2,906 in the same number of households in the 2011 census. It lies 2 miles (3.2 km) west of Dereham and 17 miles (27 km) west of Norwich, on the old turnpike road between Dereham and Swaffham.

Swaffham
Swaffham (/ˈswɒfəm/) is a market town and civil parish in the Breckland District and English county of Norfolk. It is situated 12 miles (19 kilometres) east of King's Lynn and 31 miles (50 kilometres) west of Norwich.

The civil parish has an area of 11.42 mi2 (29.6 km2) and in the 2001 census had a population of 6,935 in 3,130 households, which increased to 7,258, in 3,258 households, at the 2011 census. By the time the 2021 census took place, the population had jumped to 8434. For the purposes of local government, the parish falls within the district of Breckland.
Wang Jin (archaeologist)
Wang Jin (Chinese: 王劲; 12 December 1926 – 6 February 2020) was a Chinese archaeologist whose research focus was on prehistoric sites in the Jianghan Plain. One of China's first female archaeologists, she was a member of the team that discovered the Neolithic Qujialing culture. She later led the excavation of major sites including the Tonglüshan ancient copper mine and the Shang dynasty city of Panlongcheng. She served as leader of the Hubei Provincial Archaeological Team, Vice Director of Hubei Provincial Museum, and President of the Hubei Archaeological Association.

Jianghan Plain
Jianghan Plain (Chinese: 江汉平原; pinyin: Jiānghàn Píngyuán), named for the confluence of the Yangtze ('Jiang') and Han ('han') rivers, is an alluvial plain located in the middle and south of Hubei, China. Wuhan, the most populous city in Central China, is located on the plain. It shares the border with Dongtinghu Plain. It has an area of more than 30 thousand square kilometers. The region was once a large wetland, but was gradually colonized by settlers beginning in the Neolithic period. This accelerated when the state of Chu established its capital there in the middle of the 1st millennium BC, and when the Qin and Han states built dikes to protect farmland from seasonal floods. The Jianghan area has been an important food grain region of China since at least the Ming Dynasty.
Geoffrey Lancashire
Geoffrey Lancashire (12 March 1933 – 3 October 2004) was a British television scriptwriter. He is best remembered for writing television comedy series such as The Lovers and The Cuckoo Waltz. He also wrote 171 episodes of ITV soap opera Coronation Street during the 1960s.

The Lovers (1970 TV series)
The Lovers is a British television sitcom created and written by Jack Rosenthal, and produced by Granada Television. It stars Richard Beckinsale and Paula Wilcox as Geoffrey and Beryl, a courting couple with conflicting attitudes toward sex and marriage.

ITV transmitted the two-series programme from 1970 to 1971; Channel 4 repeated it in 1996. Rosenthal also wrote a feature film, The Lovers!, which British Lion Film Corporation released in 1973.
2017 FIBA U16 Women's Asian Championship
The 2017 FIBA U16 Women's Asian Championship was the qualifying tournament for FIBA Asia at the 2018 FIBA Under-17 Women's Basketball World Cup. Originally slated to be held at Hyderabad, the tournament venue was moved and held in Bengaluru, India from October 22 to 28.

Australia stormed back from a 13-point deficit in the third quarter to eke out a come-from-behind 61–60 win against Japan in the Finals, notching their first-ever championship in the tournament. Meanwhile, dethroned defending champions China salvaged the bronze medal after dispatching New Zealand, 60–43.

All these teams will represent FIBA Asia at the next year's FIBA U17 Women's World Cup to be held in Belarus.

New Zealand women's national basketball team
The New Zealand women's national basketball team represents New Zealand in international basketball competitions. They are nicknamed the Tall Ferns. The head coach of the team is Natalie Hurst.

The New Zealand women's national team has taken part in three Olympic Games, and one FIBA Women's World Cup. Since participating at the FIBA Women's Asia Cup in 2017, their top performance is a fourth place finish in 2023. In the past, the Tall Ferns have also competed at the FIBA Oceania Women's Championship.
Enter Madame (play)
Enter Madame was a 1920 Broadway three-act comedy written by Gilda Varesi and Dolly Byrne,
produced and directed by Brock Pemberton. Varesi also played the lead role of opera singer Madame Lisa Della Robia 
with Norman Trevor playing her husband Gerald Fitzgerald. It ran a total of 350 performances from August 16, 1920 to October 2, 1920 at the Garrick Theatre, from October 4, 1920 - May 21, 1921 at the Fulton Theatre, then 
May 23, 1921 - April 1922 at Theatre Republic. It was included in Burns Mantle's The Best Plays of 1920-1921.

It was adapted into two films of the same name Enter Madame(1922) and  
the 1935 remake starring Cary Grant.

Norman Pritchard
Norman Gilbert Pritchard (23 June 1875 – 30 October 1929), also known by his stage name Norman Trevor, was a British-Indian athlete and actor who became the first Asian-born athlete to win an Olympic medal when he won two silver medals in athletics at the 1900 Paris Olympics representing India. He won India's first medal at the Olympics in the 200 metres and the 200 metres hurdles.
Menachot
Tractate Menachot (Hebrew: מְנָחוֹת; "Meal Offerings") is the second tractate of the Order of Kodashim. It has Gemara in the Babylonian Talmud and a Tosefta.

Menachot deals with the rules regarding the preparation and presentation of grain-meal, oil, and drink offerings, including the meal-offering that was burnt on the altar and the remainder that was consumed by the priests as specified in the Torah (Lev 2:1 and on); the bringing of the omer of barley (Lev 23:10), the two loaves (Lev 23:17), and the showbread (Lev 24:5).as offerings in the Temple in Jerusalem. The tractate also draws upon verses in Numbers chapters 5, 6, 28, and 29.

Tosefta
The Tosefta (Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: תוספתא, romanized: tosep̄tā "supplement, addition") is a compilation of Jewish Oral Law from the late second century CE, the period of the Mishnah and the Jewish sages known as the Tannaim.
Daisy Walker
Daisy Walker (born 4 June 2002) is an Australian rules footballer playing for the Greater Western Sydney in the AFL Women's (AFLW). Walker was originally drafted by Carlton with pick 28 in the 2020 AFL Women's draft. She made her debut against St Kilda at Moorabbin Oval in the third round of the 2021 season.

Moorabbin Oval
Moorabbin Oval (also known as RSEA Park under a naming rights agreement) is an Australian rules football ground in the city of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia at Linton Street in the suburb of Moorabbin.

The ground was most notable as the home of the St Kilda Football Club in the Australian Football League, serving as its home ground for VFL/AFL matches from 1965 until 1992, and as its primary training and administrative base from 1965 until 2010. In 2018 the ground was reopened as the primary training and administrative base for St Kilda.
Jayne Brook
Jayne Brook (born Jane Anderson) (born September 16, 1960) is an American actress, best known for her roles as Dr. Diane Grad on the medical drama Chicago Hope, as a series regular for five of the show's six seasons, and Mary Ann Mitchell on The District from 2000 to 2002. Between 2017 and 2019, Brook had a recurring role as Starfleet Vice Admiral Katrina Cornwell in the series Star Trek: Discovery.

The District
The District is an American crime drama and police procedural television series that aired on CBS from October 7, 2000, to May 1, 2004. The show followed the work and personal life of the chief of Washington, D.C.'s police department.
Kaliese Spencer
Kaliese Spencer Carter, née Kaliese Spencer,  (6 May 1987) is a Jamaican track and field athlete who specialises in the 400 metres hurdles. She won the bronze medal in the event at the 2012 London Olympics. Spencer was the Commonwealth Games champion in 2014 and a double silver medallist at the 2014 World Indoor Championships. She finished fourth at both the 2009 and 2011 World Championships in Athletics.

Spencer was the 2006 World junior champion. She is a four-time Diamond League 400 m hurdles winner.

Athletics at the 2012 Summer Olympics
The athletics competitions at the 2012 Olympic Games in London were held during the last 10 days of the Games, on 3–12 August. Track and field events took place at the Olympic Stadium in east London. The road events, however, started and finished on The Mall in central London.

Over 2,000 athletes from 201 nations competed in 47 events in total, with both men and women having a very similar schedule of events. Men competed in 24 events and women in 23, of which 21 were the same for both. The women's schedule lacked the 50 km race walk and included 100 m hurdles and heptathlon as opposed to the men's 110 m hurdles and decathlon. The youngest participant in the athletics competition was Andorran 15-year-old Cristina Llovera while the oldest was 46-year-old Ukrainian Oleksandr Dryhol. South African Oscar Pistorius became the first amputee sprinter to compete at the Olympics.
Yuchi (surname)
Yuchi (simplified Chinese: 尉迟; traditional Chinese: 尉遲; pinyin: Yùchí; Wade–Giles: Yü4ch'ih2) is a Chinese compound surname which originated from Xianbei and Khotan. The royal family name of the Kingdom of Khotan Viśa was translated as Yuchi. There is no consensus on whether the two Yuchi are related.

The well known military general Yuchi Gong was descended from the Xianbei Yuchi.

Yuchi is the 419th surname in Hundred Family Surnames. Since compound surnames are not common in China, some descendants of Yuchi might have changed their name to single surname Yu (尉) or Chi (遲).

Chi (surname)
Chi (池, pinyin: chí; Wade-Giles: Ch'ih2) is a Chinese surname.

Chi is also the McCune–Reischauer romanization of the Korean surname Ji (지) as well as the Wade–Giles romanization of Pinyin Ji, the pronunciation of several common Chinese surnames.
Shop Talk
Shop Talk: A Writer and His Colleagues and Their Work is a collection of previously published interviews with important 20th-century writers by novelist Philip Roth. Among the writers interviewed are Primo Levi, Aharon Appelfeld, Ivan Klima, Isaac Bashevis Singer, Milan Kundera, and Edna O'Brien. In addition, the book contains a discussion with Mary McCarthy about Roth's novel The Counterlife and a New Yorker essay on Saul Bellow. Roth's trip to Israel to interview Appelfeld inspired his novel Operation Shylock.

Primo Levi
Primo Michele Levi (Italian: [ˈpriːmo ˈlɛːvi]; 31 July 1919 – 11 April 1987) was a Jewish Italian chemist, partisan, Holocaust survivor and writer. He was the author of several books, collections of short stories, essays, poems and one novel. His best-known works include: If This Is a Man (Se questo è un uomo, 1947, published as Survival in Auschwitz in the United States), his account of the year he spent as a prisoner in the Auschwitz concentration camp in Nazi-occupied Poland; and The Periodic Table (1975), a collection of mostly autobiographical short stories, each named after a chemical element which plays a role in each story, which the Royal Institution named the best science book ever written.

Levi died in 1987 from injuries sustained in a fall from a third-storey apartment landing. His death was officially ruled a suicide, although that has been disputed by some of his friends and associates and attributed to an accident.