hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Kyiv (1657–1811)
The history of Kyiv from the end of the Khmelnytsky Uprising (1657) until the Great Fire of Podil (1811) encompasses the period in which it served as a significant city – although not the capital – within the Cossack Hetmanate. The 1654 Pereiaslav Agreement with the Tsardom of Russia established a Muscovite vassalage for early modern Ukraine. The first few decades were known as The Ruin, when Muscovy, the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth and the Crimean Khanate (itself an Ottoman vassal) competed for power and influence over the Hetmanate, while the Zaporizhian Sich increasingly went its own separate way. The city of Kiev had seen much fighting and devastation in the 1650s, with Podil (the Lower City) still being its urban centre.

Tsardom of Russia
The Tsardom of Russia, also known as the Tsardom of Moscow, was the centralized Russian state from the assumption of the title of tsar by Ivan IV in 1547 until the foundation of the Russian Empire by Peter the Great in 1721.

From 1550 to 1700, Russia grew by an average of 35,000 square kilometres (14,000 sq mi) per year. The period includes the upheavals of the transition from the Rurik to the Romanov dynasties, wars with the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Sweden, and the Ottoman Empire, and the Russian conquest of Siberia, to the reign of Peter the Great, who took power in 1689 and transformed the tsardom into an empire. During the Great Northern War, he implemented substantial reforms and proclaimed the Russian Empire after victory over Sweden in 1721.
Leonora Piper
Leonora Piper (née Leonora Evelina Simonds; 27 June 1857 – 3 June 1950) was a famous American trance medium in the area of Spiritualism. Piper was the subject of intense interest and investigation by American and British psychic research associations during the early 20th century, including psychologist William James and the Society for Psychical Research.

Researchers and scientists who studied Piper's mediumship have described mentalist techniques such as cold reading, muscle reading and "fishing", all techniques that she may have used to gather information about séance sitters, so she could appear to have unexplained insight. Science writer and mathematician Martin Gardner dismissed Piper as a "clever charlatan."

Cold reading
Cold reading is a set of techniques used by mentalists, psychics, fortune-tellers, and mediums. Without prior knowledge, a practiced cold-reader can quickly obtain a great deal of information by analyzing the person's body language, age, clothing or fashion, hairstyle, gender, sexual orientation, religion, ethnicity, level of education,  manner of speech, place of origin, etc. during a line of questioning. Cold readings commonly employ high-probability guesses, quickly picking up on signals as to whether their guesses are in the right direction or not. The reader then emphasizes and reinforces any accurate connections while quickly moving on from missed guesses. Psychologists believe that this appears to work because of the Barnum effect and due to confirmation biases within people.
Adhyayam Onnu Muthal
Adhyayam Onnu Muthal (transl. From chapter one) is a 1985 Indian Malayalam-language drama film directed by Sathyan Anthikad and written by John Paul, adapted from the novel Aadimadhyanthangal by M. D. Rathnamma. The film stars  Mohanlal, Madhavi, M. G. Soman, Balan K. Nair, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, Venu Nagavalli, and Bahadoor.

Venu Nagavally
Venu Nagavally (16 April 1949 – 10 September 2010) was an Indian actor, screenwriter and director best known for his work in Malayalam film industry. The son of writer, commentator, and broadcaster Nagavally R. S. Kurup,  Venu Nagavally made his film debut with Ulkkadal, where he played the role of an idealistic lover. He was considered a handsome lead in his early career, often appearing as a romantic youth. His soft demeanor also made him well-suited for melancholic characters. Later in his career, he shifted to supporting roles. Having acted in over 50 films, he went on to direct 12 films, the majority of  which were critically and commercially successful, including Sukhamo Devi (1986), Sarvakalashala (1987), Lal Salam (1990), and Aye Auto (1990), Aayirappara (1993). Venu Nagavally died at Thiruvananthapuram on 9 September 2010.
Lanark (Province of Canada electoral district)
Lanark was an electoral district of the Legislative Assembly of the Parliament of the Province of Canada, in Canada West (now Ontario). Based on Lanark County, it was created in 1841, upon the establishment of the Province of Canada by the union of Upper Canada and Lower Canada.

Lanark was represented by one member in the Legislative Assembly.  It was abolished in 1867, upon the creation of Canada and the province of Ontario.

Parliament of the Province of Canada
The Parliament of the Province of Canada was the legislature for the Province of Canada, made up of the two regions of Canada West (formerly Upper Canada, later Ontario) and Canada East (formerly Lower Canada, later Quebec).
James Earl Major
James Earl Major (January 5, 1887 – January 4, 1972) was an American lawyer, jurist, and politician. He served as a United States representative from Illinois, a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois.

United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois
The United States District Court for the Southern District of Illinois (in case citations, S.D. Ill.)  is a federal district court covering approximately the southern third of the state of Illinois.

Appeals from the Southern District of Illinois are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Seventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

It has three courthouses, at Benton, Cairo, and East St. Louis. At present, four judges are assigned to this district.
Thomas F. Bayard (pilot boat)
The Thomas F. Bayard was a 19th-century Delaware River pilot schooner built by C. & R. Poillon shipyard in 1880. She spent sixteen years as a pilot boat before being sold during the Yukon Gold Rush in 1897. She was sold again in 1906 for Seal hunting, then purchased by the Department of Marine & Fisheries where she guided freighters into New Westminster, British Columbia for 43 years. She was then acquired by the Vancouver Maritime Museum in 1978. When she sank at her mooring in 2002, the International Yacht Restoration School, Mystic Seaport and the Vancouver Maritime Museum, removed the vessel in pieces for the archeological teams to study and document the remains of her hull. The Thomas F. Bayard Collection, at the Vancouver Maritime Museum, contains the documents, history and preservation efforts.

Mystic Seaport
Mystic Seaport Museum (founded as Marine Historical Association) is a maritime museum in Mystic, Connecticut, and the largest  in the United States. Its 19-acre (7.7 ha) site holds a collection of ships and boats and a re-creation of a 19th-century seaport village consisting of more than 60 historic buildings, including many rare commercial structures that were moved to the site and meticulously restored. As of 2016, the museum received about 250,000 visitors each year.
K. V. Prasad
Kalaimamani K. V. Prasad (born 4 May 1958) is an Indian percussionist from Kerala, who plays the Mridangam and performs Carnatic music.  He is known for being a versatile percussionist, with deft fingering, a key element of the grand Thanjavur style he is trained in.

Mridangam
The mridangam is an ancient percussion instrument originating from the Indian subcontinent. It is a traditional royal instrument originating in the south Indian state of Tamil Nadu and is widely used in south Indian classical music, called Carnatic music, especially in its sangeetha kacherees. It is the primary rhythmic accompaniment in a Carnatic music ensemble. In dhrupad, a modified version, the pakhawaj, is the primary percussion instrument. A related instrument is the kendang, played in the Maritime Southeast Asia. It is a complex instrument to tune and involves a lot of mathematics to construct korvais.

During a percussion ensemble, the mridangam is often accompanied by the ghatam, the kanjira, and the morsing.
Levi Brenton Williams
Levi Brenton (Brent) Williams (born March 25, 1940), is a multi-instrumental Canadian gospel, country and bluegrass entertainer from Hassett, Nova Scotia. Williams is considered one of Canada's earliest bluegrass performers, has appeared on several notable TV programs on the CBC, CTV, and many other networks in addition to winning many awards for his music and for his achievements and role as a pioneering Canadian entertainer. He has released a number of top 100 charting songs in addition to working with several notable entertainers such as The Carter Family, Ronnie Prophet, Vic Mullen, Fred McKenna, Shania Twain, Charlie Louvin, Marcel Martel, Angus Walker, The Mercey Brothers, Myrna Lorrie, Stompin' Tom Connors, Osborne Bros, Wilburn Bros, Jean Sheppard, Dallas Harms, Oakridge Boys, among others.

Fred McKenna
Fred McKenna (February 17, 1934 – November 18, 1977) was a Canadian singer, multi-instrumentalist, and producer born in Fredericton, New Brunswick.
McKenna, who was born blind, recorded, produced, and released songs for the Rodeo, Boot, RCA and Arc record labels, and appeared on radio shows and television programs such as CBC's Singalong Jubilee. He worked with Stompin' Tom Connors, George Beck, Don Messer, Vic Mullen, George Hamilton and Angus Walker, among others.

McKenna is an inductee of both The Canadian Country Music Hall of Fame and The New Brunswick Country Music Hall of Fame.
Anaïs Mitchell (album)
Anaïs Mitchell is the eighth studio album by American singer-songwriter Anaïs Mitchell, released on January 28, 2022, through BMG Rights Management, her first release on the label. The album features musical contributions from Michael Lewis, JT Bates, Thomas Bartlett, Aaron Dessner and Nico Muhly.

Nico Muhly
Nico Asher Muhly (/ˈniːkoʊ ˈmjuːli/; born August 26, 1981) is an American contemporary classical music composer and arranger who has worked and recorded with both classical and pop musicians. A prolific composer, he has composed for many notable symphony orchestras and chamber ensembles and has had two operas commissioned by the Metropolitan Opera. Since 2006, he has released nine studio albums, many of which are collaborative, including 2017's Planetarium with Sufjan Stevens, Bryce Dessner & James McAlister. He is a member of the Icelandic music collective and record label Bedroom Community.
Pinnacle Films
Pinnacle Films is a film distribution company and film studios, located in Helensvale, Gold Coast, Australia.

Pinnacle Films manages theatrical, digital and physical releases of both Australian and international films within Australia, New Zealand and the South Pacific Islands.

Pinnacle Films Studios is Pinnacle Films’ independent production facility. Feature film and television productions housed at the studios have included Mortal Kombat II, The Portable Door and Young Rock, plus numerous independent films.

The Portable Door
The Portable Door is a 2023 Australian fantasy adventure comedy film directed by Jeffrey Walker and starring Patrick Gibson, Sophie Wilde, Sam Neill, and Christoph Waltz. The screenplay by Leon Ford is based on the 2003 novel of the same name, the first in Tom Holt's J. W. Wells & Co. series about the firm of "family sorcerers" introduced in Gilbert and Sullivan's The Sorcerer. A co-production between The Jim Henson Company and Story Bridge Films, the film was released theatrically in Australia on 23 March 2023 by Madman Entertainment, before streaming on Stan from 7 April 2023.
Popatopolis
Popatopolis is a 2009 documentary film directed by Clay Westervelt about the making of Jim Wynorski's 2005 soft-core horror film, The Witches of Breastwick. The film's title is a reference to "Tom Popatopolous", one of Wynorski's director pseudonyms.

The film serves as a partial biography, with clips from many of his previous films, and includes interviews with Wynorski himself, as well as his contemporaries, cast and crew. The documentary features B-Movie and film personalities like Roger Corman, Andy Sidaris, Julie Strain, Julie K. Smith and Stormy Daniels.

After the release of Popatopolis Wynorski expressed: "A director spent five years making this documentary about me. It was very flattering during the production period, but I was a bit worried how it might turn out. In the end, I found it very funny – even if it does take an occasional stab at me".

Andy Sidaris
Andrew William Sidaris (February 20, 1931 – March 7, 2007) was an American television and film director, producer, screenwriter. After a pioneering career directing televised sports beginning in the 1960s, Sidaris wrote and directed a successful series of action B-movies from 1985 to 1998—dubbed the "Bullets, Bombs, and Babes" series—that featured Playboy Playmates and Penthouse Pets in starring roles. In 2014, Paste magazine named one such picture, Hard Ticket to Hawaii, the best B-movie of all time.
Tranmere Rovers Women
Tranmere Rovers Women are an English football team founded in 1990, based in the Wirral, and affiliated with Tranmere Rovers F.C. Between 1996 and 2004 they competed in the FA Premier League National Division, then the top tier of the English women's football pyramid. They are currently members of the North West Women's Regional Football League Premier and play their home games at the Ellesmere Port Sports Village.

Women's football in England
Women's football has been played in England for over a century, sharing a common history with the men's game in the country in which the Laws of the Game were codified.

Women's football was originally very popular in the early 20th century, but after being banned by the men's Football Association, its popularity declined. It took until the 1990s for the number of female players and spectators to increase, culminating in England hosting the Women's European Championships in 2005.
Revolution (Little Steven album)
Revolution is the fourth solo studio album by Little Steven, released in 1989 by RCA Records. His backing band, the Disciples of Soul, were gone in all but name (although former Disciple/Young Rascals drummer Dino Danelli did the album art), and the music was largely electronic with a rock-soul-funk sound.

In 2019, the album was remastered for release as part of Van Zandt's career-spanning box set Rock N Roll Rebel: The Early Work. The digital deluxe edition of the album was released on November 15, 2019, containing two bonus tracks.

Dino Danelli
Dino Danelli (born Robert Daniel; July 23, 1944 – December 15, 2022) was an American drummer. Danelli was best known as an original member and the drummer in the rock group the Young Rascals. He has been called "one of the great unappreciated rock drummers in history". He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1997 with the (Young) Rascals.

After the Rascals split up in 1972, Danelli formed the group Bulldog. Soon after, he and former Rascal Gene Cornish formed the band Fotomaker with Wally Bryson of Raspberries. Danelli died on December 15, 2022.
Roger Angell
Roger Angell (September 19, 1920 – May 20, 2022) was an American essayist known for his writing on sports, especially baseball. He was a regular contributor to The New Yorker and was its chief fiction editor for many years. He wrote numerous works of fiction, non-fiction, and criticism, and for many years wrote an annual Christmas poem for The New Yorker. Sportswriter Jane Leavy called him "the Babe Ruth of baseball writers."

Jane Leavy
Jane Leavy (/ˈlɛvi/ LEV-vee; born December 26, 1951) is an American sportswriter, biographer, and author who previously worked as a reporter for The Washington Post. Leavy primarily writes about baseball and is best known for her biographies on baseball greats Sandy Koufax, Mickey Mantle, and Babe Ruth.
Banco Central burglary at Fortaleza
The Banco Central burglary at Fortaleza was the theft of about R$160 million from the vault of the Banco Central branch located in Fortaleza, in the state of Ceará, Brazil, on August 6, 2005. 
In the aftermath of the burglary, of the 25 people thought to be involved, only 8 had been arrested, and R$20 million recovered, up to the end of 2005. In addition, several of the gang are thought to have been victims of kidnapping, and one member, Luis Fernando Ribeiro, thought to have been the mastermind of the operation, was killed by kidnappers after a ransom was paid.
Arrests and recovery of the money, as well as kidnapping and murder of the perpetrators, have been ongoing. One hundred and twenty nine arrests were made, and 32 million Reais were recovered. The Brazilian Federal Police were also able to prevent other burglaries, as shown in the Netflix documentary "3 Tonelada$: Assalto ao Banco Central".

Brazilian real
The Brazilian real (pl. reais;  sign: R$; code: BRL) is the official currency of Brazil. It is subdivided into 100 centavos. The Central Bank of Brazil is the central bank and the issuing authority. The real replaced the cruzeiro real in 1994.

As of April 2019, the real was the twentieth most traded currency.
Dariya Dil
Dariya Dil (Hindi: दरिया दिल), translated as Generous Heart, is a 1988 Hindi-language Indian drama film directed by K. Ravi Shankar, starring Govinda, Kimi Katkar, Roshni and Raj Kiran. released on 8 January 1988 in India.

Raj Kiran (actor)
Raj Kiran Mahtani (born 17 June 1949) is an Indian former actor, who is best known for his work in Bollywood films. He made his debut in B. R. Ishara's Kaagaz Ki Nao in 1975 and appeared in more than 100 films, until the 1990s. Kiran later disappeared from the film industry and was believed to have been living as a recluse in the United States, but conflicting reports from 2011, have indicated his current whereabouts are unknown.
Ariel Hernández (boxer)
Ariel Hernández Azcuy (born May 3, 1970 or April 8, 1972) is a boxer from Cuba, who won two Olympic gold medals in the Middleweight division (71–75 kg); at the 1992 and 1996 Summer Olympics. He captured the world title at the 1995 World Amateur Boxing Championships in Berlin, just two months after having triumphed at the Pan American Games in Mar del Plata.

Sven Ottke
Sven Ottke (born 3 June 1967)  is a German former professional boxer who competed from 1997 to 2004. He was a unified super-middleweight world champion, having held the IBF title from 1998 to 2004, and the WBA (Unified) title from 2003 to 2004. With 21 successful title defences, Ottke was the fourth European boxer to retire as an undefeated world champion, after Jack McAuliffe, Terry Marsh, and Michael Loewe; Joe Calzaghe later became the fifth. Ottke defended the title against 20 boxers, a record in the super-middleweight division shared with Joe Calzaghe. As an amateur, Ottke won a bronze medal in the middleweight division at the 1989 World Championships.
Communauté de communes du Bocage Bourbonnais
The communauté de communes du Bocage Bourbonnais is a communauté de communes, located in the Allier department of the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region of France. Created in 2017, its seat is in Bourbon-l'Archambault. Its area is 735.7 km2, and its population was 13,705 in 2020.

Bourbon-l'Archambault
Bourbon-l'Archambault (French pronunciation: [buʁbɔ̃ laʁʃɑ̃bo]) is a spa town and a commune in the Allier department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in central France. It is the place of origin of the House of Bourbon.
Ramsey and Parkeston
Ramsey and Parkeston (formerly just Ramsey) is a civil parish in the Tendring district, in the county of Essex, England. The parish includes the villages of Ramsey and Parkeston. The neighbouring parishes are Arwarton, Great Oakley, Harkstead, Harwich, Little Oakley, Wix and Wrabness. There are 13 listed buildings in the parish. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 2,383.

Wrabness
Wrabness is a small village and civil parish near Manningtree, Essex, England. The village is located six miles (10 km) west of Harwich, in North Essex on the banks of the River Stour. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 369.
Delino DeShields
Delino Lamont DeShields (born January 15, 1969), also nicknamed "Bop", is an American former professional baseball second baseman and current baseball coach. He played for 13 seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Montreal Expos, Los Angeles Dodgers, St. Louis Cardinals, Baltimore Orioles, and Chicago Cubs between 1990 and 2002. He is currently the manager of the minor league Harrisburg Senators, the Double-A affiliate of the Washington Nationals.

His son Delino DeShields Jr. played in MLB for seven seasons, and his daughter Diamond DeShields plays for the Chicago Sky in the WNBA.

Chicago Sky
The Chicago Sky are an American professional basketball team based in Chicago.  The Sky compete in the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) as a member of the Eastern Conference. The franchise was founded prior to the 2006 season. The Sky experienced a period of success from 2013 to 2016, making four playoff appearances and playing in the 2014 WNBA Finals. They experienced a second period of success from 2019 to 2022 and won their first championship in the 2021 WNBA Finals.

The team is owned by Michael J. Alter (principal owner) and Nadia Rawlinson (co-owner & chairman). Unlike many other WNBA teams, it is not affiliated with a National Basketball Association (NBA) counterpart, although the Chicago Bulls play in the same market.
Kentucky Route 61
Kentucky Route 61 (KY 61) is a 151.333-mile (243.547 km) long Kentucky State Highway extending north from the Tennessee state line in Cumberland County to Columbia in Adair County through to Greensburg in Green County.  From there, the route traverses LaRue, Hardin and Bullitt counties to terminate in Jefferson County (where it is commonly signed as Preston Street or Preston Highway) at the junction of U.S. Route 31E (East Main Street) in downtown Louisville.

Adair County, Kentucky
Adair County is a county located in the U.S. state of Kentucky. As of the 2020 census, the population was 18,903.  Its county seat and only municipality is Columbia. The county was founded in 1801 and named for John Adair, then Speaker of the House in Kentucky and later Governor of Kentucky (1820–1824). Adair County has some of the few surviving American Chestnut trees in the United States.
Elimination reaction
An elimination reaction is a type of organic reaction in which two substituents are removed from a molecule in either a one- or two-step mechanism. The one-step mechanism is known as the E2 reaction, and the two-step mechanism is known as the E1 reaction.  The numbers refer not to the number of steps in the mechanism, but rather to the kinetics of the reaction: E2 is bimolecular (second-order) while E1 is unimolecular (first-order). In cases where the molecule is able to stabilize an anion but possesses a poor leaving group, a third type of reaction, E1CB,  exists.  Finally, the pyrolysis of xanthate and acetate esters proceed through an "internal" elimination mechanism, the Ei mechanism.

Pyrolysis
Pyrolysis (/paɪˈrɒlɪsɪs/; from Ancient Greek  πῦρ (pûr) 'fire' and  λύσις (lúsis) 'separation') is a process involving the separation of covalent bonds in organic matter by thermal decomposition within an inert environment without oxygen.