hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Pantomatrium
Pantomatrium or Pantomatrion (Ancient Greek: Παντομάτριον) was a town on the north coast of ancient Crete, placed by Ptolemy between Rhithymna and the Dium Promontorium, but by Pliny more to the west, between Aptera and Amphimalla. Its name was changed to Agrion in late antiquity. Under the name of Agrion, or Arion, it was a Roman Catholic bishopric.

Its site is located near Stavromenos.

Rhithymna
Rhithymna or Rithymna (Ancient Greek: Ῥίθυμνα) or Rhithymnia (Ῥιθυμνία), was a town of ancient Crete, Greece, which is mentioned by Ptolemy and Pliny the Elder as the first town on the north coast to the east of Amphimalla, and is spoken of as a Cretan city by Stephanus of Byzantium, in whose text its name is written Rhithymnia; Stephanus gives the city's ethnonyms as Ῥιθυμνιάτης and Ῥιθύμνιος. It is also alluded to by Lycophron (76). Modern Rethymno retains the name of the ancient city, upon whose site it stands. Rhithymna minted coins in antiquity; maritime emblems are found on them. It is believed that Arsinoe is the same town as Rhithymna.
Ledia Dushi
Ledia Dushi (born 1978) is an Albanian writer and academic. She is known for her poetry in the Gheg Albanian dialect, unusual in a country where published writing is almost exclusively in Tosk Albanian.

Gheg Albanian
Gheg (Gheg Albanian: gegnisht, Standard Albanian: gegërisht) is one of the two major varieties of Albanian, the other being Tosk. The geographic dividing line between the two varieties is the Shkumbin River, which winds its way through central Albania. Gheg is spoken in northern and central Albania, Kosovo, northwestern North Macedonia, southeastern Montenegro and southern Serbia by the Albanian dialectal subgroup known as Ghegs.

Gheg does not have any official status as a written language in any country. Publications in Kosovo and North Macedonia are in Standard Albanian, which is based on Tosk. However, some authors continue to write in Gheg.
Margaret's Museum
Margaret's Museum is a 1995 Canadian-British drama film directed by Mort Ransen and based on Sheldon Currie's novel The Glace Bay Miners' Museum. It stars Helena Bonham Carter, Clive Russell, and Kate Nelligan. The film won six Genie Awards, including acting awards for Bonham Carter and Nelligan.

Kate Nelligan
Patricia Colleen Nelligan (born March 16, 1950), known professionally as Kate Nelligan, is a Canadian stage, film and television actress. She was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for the 1991 film The Prince of Tides, and the same year won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Supporting Role for Frankie and Johnny. She is also a four-time Tony Award nominee for her work on Broadway, receiving nominations for Plenty (1983), A Moon for the Misbegotten (1984), Serious Money (1988) and Spoils of War (1989).
Hubert Gordon Thompson
Hubert Gordon Thompson (24 February 1878 Tranmere, United Kingdom – 13 February 1953, Appledore) was an English surgeon, medical missionary, author, photographer, and explorer. Thompson established a hospital in Kunming, China, that would eventually before a modern Children's Hospital. While working in Shanghai, he performed significant medical research as well as Red Cross wartime relief work.

For his expedition in Tibet and Inner Mongolia, King George V presented Thompson with the Gill Memorial Award on behalf of the Royal Geographical Society. For his medical work in China, Thompson was awarded The Order of Brilliant Jade by President Chiang Kai-shek in 1941.

Order of Brilliant Jade
The Order of Brilliant Jade is a civilian order of the Republic of China that can be worn only by a head of state. According to regulations, the order can only be presented by the president or monarch of the country or an emissary expressly dispatched to friendly countries for the conferment. The order was instituted on 22 December 1933. It has a star-patterned face of inlaid jade bordered with gold and pearls. In the centre there is white sun surrounded by blue sky, the national emblem. Previously, the Order of the Brilliant Jade was divided into two, namely Grand Order of Brilliant Jade (current) and Order of Brilliant Jade with nine ranks.
Web Services Enhancements
Web Services Enhancements (WSE) is an obsolete add-on to the Microsoft .NET Framework, which includes a set of classes that implement additional WS-* web service specifications chiefly in areas such as security, reliable messaging, and sending attachments. Web services are business logic components which provide functionality via the Internet using standard protocols such as HTTP. Web services communicate via either SOAP or REST messages. WSE provides extensions to the SOAP protocol and allows the definition of custom security, reliable messaging, policy, etc. Developers can add these capabilities at design time using code or at deployment time through the use of a policy file.

WSE has been replaced by Windows Communication Foundation (WCF).

SOAP
SOAP (originally an acronym for Simple Object Access Protocol) is a messaging protocol specification for exchanging structured information in the implementation of web services in computer networks. It uses XML Information Set for its message format, and relies on application layer protocols, most often Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP), although some legacy systems communicate over Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP), for message negotiation and transmission.
Virginia State Route 44
The following highways in Virginia have been known as State Route 44:

State Route 44 (Virginia 1928-1933), Danville to Burkeville, now parts of U.S. Route 58 and State Route 49

State Route 44 (Virginia 1933-1952), now State Route 711

State Route 44 (Virginia 1980s), late 1960s - ca. 2000, now part of Interstate 264

Virginia State Route 49
State Route 49 (SR 49) is a primary state highway in the U.S. state of Virginia.  The state highway runs 69.01 miles (111.06 km) from the North Carolina state line in Virgilina, Virginia in Halifax County, where the highway continues south as North Carolina Highway 49 (NC 49), north to U.S. Route 360 (US 360) near Burkeville in Nottoway County.  SR 49 passes through Southside Virginia, connecting Virgilina and Burkeville with Clarksville and Chase City in Mecklenburg County, Victoria in Lunenburg County, and Crewe in Nottoway County.  Via US 360, the state highway connects Richmond with the John H. Kerr Reservoir.
Thames-class lifeboat
The Thames-class lifeboat was operated by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) from just three stations around the coast of the United Kingdom, between 1974 and 1997. Six were ordered but only two were completed. In line with the usual RNLI lifeboat naming convention since the 1960s, the class takes its name from a river, in this case, the River Thames, which flows through London and into the North Sea.

Arun-class lifeboat
The Arun-class lifeboat is a fast all-weather lifeboat designed by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) for service at its stations around the coasts of the United Kingdom and Ireland. They were operated by the RNLI between 1971 and 2008. Many have been sold to see further service in the lifeboat and coastguard services of other countries.

The class takes its name from the River Arun in Sussex, England.
Laxman Singh Rathore
Laxman Singh Rathore is an Indian scientist, former Director General of India Meteorological Department, New Delhi, and permanent representative of India with the World Meteorological Organization, United Nations.

India Meteorological Department
India Meteorological Department (IMD) is an Indian agency of the Ministry of Earth Sciences of the Government of India. It is the principal agency responsible for meteorological observations, weather forecasting and seismology. IMD is headquartered in Delhi and operates hundreds of observation stations across India and Antarctica. Regional offices are at Chennai, Mumbai, Kolkata, Nagpur, Guwahati and New Delhi.

IMD is also one of the six Regional Specialised Meteorological Centres of the World Meteorological Organisation. It has the responsibility for forecasting, naming and distribution of warnings for tropical cyclones in the Northern Indian Ocean region, including the Malacca Straits, the Bay of B
George S. Roberts
George S. "Spanky" Roberts (September 24, 1918 – March 8, 1984) was a U.S. Army Air Force officer and fighter pilot with the 99th Pursuit Squadron (later 99th Fighter Squadron) and the former commander of the 332nd Fighter Group, best known as the Tuskegee Airmen.

Roberts was the one the first five African American US military combat fighter pilots in history and was also the first African-American US military pilot from West Virginia.  Being among the first five to graduate, they "drew the most sustained attention from the press and the black community as a result."

Roberts was also the first African American U.S. Air Force officer to command a racially-integrated unit, achieving this historic milestone at Langley Air Force Base in 1950.

Langley Air Force Base
Langley Air Force Base (IATA: LFI, ICAO: KLFI, FAA LID: LFI) is a United States Air Force base located in Hampton, Virginia, adjacent to Newport News. It was one of thirty-two Air Service training camps established after the entry of the United States into World War I in April 1917.

In October 2010, Langley Air Force Base was joined with Fort Eustis to become Joint Base Langley–Eustis. The base was established in accordance with congressional legislation implementing the recommendations of the 2005 Base Realignment and Closure Commission. The legislation ordered the consolidation of the two facilities which were nearby, but separate military installations, into a single joint base, one of 12 formed in the United States as a result of the law.

On February 4, 2023, an F-22 Raptor took off from the base and shot down a Chinese balloon, marking the jet's first-ever combat air kill.
Edward McCullagh
Edward Vincent McCullagh (2 December 1912 – 28 November 1986) was a nationalist politician and farmer in Northern Ireland.

He was born in the townland of Sheskinshule (Greencastle) in 1912, the son of Patrick McCullagh, merchant, and Maggie McGurk.

McCullagh was a member of Omagh Rural District Council and was active in his local Gaelic Athletic Association. In 1948, he won a by-election in Mid Tyrone and was elected to the Parliament of Northern Ireland for the Nationalist Party. His chief interests in Parliament were farming and rural issues.

McCullagh held his seat at the 1949 general election, then worked with the Nationalist MPs Cahir Healy and Joe Connellan and the independent Republican Charles McGleenan in lobbying for admission to the Dáil, as elected representatives of territory it claimed.  A motion from Con Lehane proposing this was rejected.

McCullagh lost his seat to the Anti-Partition candidate Liam Kelly at the 1953 general election.

He died in 1986.

Cahir Healy
Charles Everard Healy (2 December 1877 – 8 February 1970) was an Irish politician. He was a leader of northern nationalists and a self-educated man who made major contributions to Ireland's political, cultural and literary heritage.
Sam Oldham
Sam Joshua Oldham (born 17 February 1993) is a retired English artistic gymnast who represented Great Britain in Olympic, World and European competition. He was part of the British men's team at the 2012 Summer Olympics that won bronze in the team competition. He is also a three-time junior European champion and won individual horizontal bar gold at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore.

Representing England, he was a member of the gold medal winning men's team at the 2014 Commonwealth Games in Glasgow.

Gymnastics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics – Men's horizontal bar
These are the results of the men's horizontal bar competition, one of seven events for male competitors of the artistic gymnastics discipline contested in the gymnastics at the 2010 Summer Youth Olympics in Singapore. The qualification and final rounds took place on 16 August at the Bishan Sports Hall.
Trialestes
Trialestes is an extinct genus of Late Triassic (Carnian) crocodylomorphs that lived in South America. It has been classified as a dinosaur in the past due it being adapted as a terrestrial, running carnivore. It is classified in Sphenosuchia, which were early relatives of crocodylians. Irmis, Nesbitt and Sues (2013) noted that some of the material referred to this taxon is actually dinosaurian; however, according to the authors, the holotype specimen PVL 2561, found in the Cancha de Bochas Member of the Ischigualasto Formation in the Ischigualasto-Villa Unión Basin in northwestern Argentina, "comprises a single individual that preserves unambiguous crocodylomorph synapomorphies", indicating it is indeed a crocodylomorph, and one of the referred specimens, PVL 3889, does share one or more autapomorphies with the holotype, indicating it represents the same taxon. The type species, T. romeri, was named in 1963.

Sphenosuchia
Sphenosuchia is a grouping of basal crocodylomorphs that first appeared in the Triassic and persisted into the Jurassic. Most were small, gracile animals with an erect limb posture. Although sometimes recovered as a monophyletic group, they are now generally thought to represent various early offshoots of the lineage leading to Crocodyliformes, with some sphenosuchians more closely related to crocodyliforms than to other "sphenosuchians", rendering the group paraphyletic.
Asia Rugby Championship
The Asia Rugby Championship, or ARC, is an annual rugby union competition held amongst national rugby sides within the Asia Rugby region. The competition was originally known as the Asian Rugby Football Tournament when founded in 1969, and was called the Asian Five Nations from 2008 to 2014.

The winner of the competition's top division is recognised as the rugby champion of Asia. The top division, sometimes referred to as the Tri Nations, includes the top three Asian teams each season. Division 1 includes the next four teams and Division 2 includes the next four. Division three is  further divided geographically, with each of the West, East and South Central divisions including three teams.

Japan is the most successful team, securing 25 out of a possible 30 titles since 1969. They have not participated in the series since 2017.

Asia Rugby
Asia Rugby, formerly the Asian Rugby Football Union, is the governing body of rugby union in Asia under the authority of World Rugby. Founded in 1968 by eight charter nations, the Union today has 36 member unions in countries across Asia, stretching from Kazakhstan to Guam.

The aim of Asia Rugby is "to raise physical and moral standards in Asia by education in the healthy pursuit of Rugby Football and to promote friendship among Asian countries".
Marsden railway station
Marsden railway station serves the village of Marsden near Huddersfield in West Yorkshire, England. The station is on the Huddersfield Line, operated by Northern and is about 7 miles (11 km) west of Huddersfield station.  It was opened in 1849 by the London & North Western Railway and is the last station before the West Yorkshire boundary with Greater Manchester. The station is operated by Northern Trains, but only TransPennine Express trains call here.

TransPennine Express
TransPennine Trains Limited, trading as TransPennine Express (TPE), is a British state-owned train operating company that runs regional and inter-city rail services between the major cities and towns of Northern England and Scotland.

The company, which is owned by DfT Operator, has been the holder of the TransPennine Express franchise since May 2023. It was established following poor performance by the previous commercially owned operator, also called TransPennine Express, from whom it carried over rolling stock, passenger services, and branding.
Frederick James Jobson
Rev. Frederick James Jobson D.D. (6 July 1812 – 4 Jan 1881) - commonly styled F. J. Jobson - painter, architect and Wesleyan Methodist minister, became President of the Methodist Conference in 1869, and Treasurer of the Wesleyan Methodist Foreign Mission Society, 1869–1882. Alongside his important role in encouraging Methodist architecture, he was the author of devotional, architectural, biographical and travel books - which, combined with his role superintending the Wesleyan Methodist Magazine for over a decade and related duties - led to a great expansion of Methodist publishing. His topographical paintings provide a further legacy.

Wesleyan Methodist Church (Great Britain)
The Wesleyan Methodist Church (also named the Wesleyan Methodist Connexion) was the majority Methodist movement in England following its split from the Church of England after the death of John Wesley and the appearance of parallel Methodist movements.

The word Wesleyan in the title differentiated it from the Welsh Calvinistic Methodists (who were a majority of the Methodists in Wales) and from the Primitive Methodist movement, which separated from the Wesleyans in 1807. The Wesleyan Methodist Church followed John and Charles Wesley in holding to an Arminian theology, in contrast to the Calvinism held by George Whitefield, by Selina Hastings, Countess of Huntingdon (founder of the Countess of Huntingdon's Connexion), and by Howell Harris and Daniel Rowland, the pioneers of Welsh Methodism. Its Conference was also the legal successor to John Wesley as holder of the property of the original Methodist societies.
1904 Mexican general election
General elections were held in Mexico on 11 July 1904. Incumbent Porfirio Díaz was the only serious candidate for the presidency, and was re-elected with 100% of the vote. Ramón Corral became the first Mexican vice president in decades, and the first elected via popular vote. The only other presidential candidate, the perennial Nicolás Zúñiga y Miranda, received no votes.

The election took place during the period known as the Porfiriato. Díaz, who had held the presidency since 1884 and twice before then, had established a dictatorial regime. His advisors, the Científicos, urged him to reestablish the position of vice president, which he did, and the nomination went to Corral, his secretary of the interior. On the day of the election, the victory of the Díaz-Corral ticket was announced before noon.

Porfiriato
The Porfiriato or Porfirismo (/ˌpɔːrfɪəriˈætoʊ/, Spanish: [poɾfiˈɾjato]), coined by Mexican historian Daniel Cosío Villegas, is a term given to the period when General Porfirio Díaz ruled Mexico under an authoritarian military dictatorship in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. Seizing power in a coup in 1876, Díaz pursued a policy of "order and progress", inviting foreign investment in Mexico and maintaining social and political order, by force if necessary. There were significant economic, technological, social, and cultural changes during this period.

As Díaz approached his 80th birthday in 1910, having been continuously elected since 1884, he still had not put in place a plan for his succession. The fraudulent 1910 elections are usually seen as the end of the Porfiriato. Violence broke out, Díaz was forced to resign and go into exile, and Mexico experienced a decade of regional civil war, the Mexican Revolution.
195th Wing
The 195th Wing is a unit of the California Air National Guard, stationed at Beale Air Force Base, California.  If mobilized, the wing would be assigned to the United States Space Force.  It comprises seven subordinate units at five locations throughout the state. The 195th controls all non-flying, non-kinetic  operations for the California Air National Guard. The wing was activated as the headquarters for California Air National Guard space, cyber, and intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance units.

From 1970 through 1974, the wing flew Lockheed C-130 Hercules aircraft from Van Nuys Air National Guard Base as the 195th Tactical Airlift Group.

Today the wing's mission is to train, deploy and employ its airmen and assets to deliver integrated space, cyber, and intelligence, surveillance & reconnaissance capabilities to the Combatant Commands and the Governor of California.

Wing (military unit)
In military aviation, a wing is a unit of command. In most military aviation services, a wing is a relatively large formation of planes. In Commonwealth countries a wing usually comprises three squadrons, with several wings forming a group (around 10 squadrons). Each squadron will contain around 20 planes.
Fred Daly (golfer)
Frederick J. Daly (11 October 1911 – 18 November 1990) was a Northern Irish professional golfer, best known for winning The Open Championship in 1947 at the Royal Liverpool Golf Club, Hoylake. Born in Portrush, County Antrim, he was the first Irishman from either side of the border to win the Open and the first to play in the Ryder Cup. He remained the only Irish winner of the Open until Pádraig Harrington won it in 2007 and the only Northern Irish major winner until Graeme McDowell won the U.S. Open in 2010.

Royal Liverpool Golf Club
The Royal Liverpool Golf Club is a golf club in Wirral in Merseyside, England. It was founded in 1869 on what was then the racecourse of the Liverpool Hunt Club. It received the "Royal" designation in 1871 due to the patronage of Prince Arthur the Duke of Connaught, one of Queen Victoria's younger sons. Robert Chambers and George Morris (younger brother of Old Tom Morris) were commissioned to lay out the original course, which was extended to 18 holes in 1871. Harry Colt, one of the world's leading golf course architects, redesigned the course early in the 20th century, and it has since been tweaked periodically, mainly as a response to advances in equipment.

The Open Championship has been played 13 times at Royal Liverpool Golf Club, most recently in 2023.
Jiří Feureisl
Jiří Feureisl (3 October 1931 – 12 May 2021) was a Czechoslovak football forward who played for Czechoslovakia in the 1958 FIFA World Cup, scoring a goal in the 6–1 win over Argentina., and the 1955–1960 Central European International Cup, which Czechoslovakia national team won, with him being his teams joint top scorer.

At club level, he played for Dynamo Karlovy Vary.

Feureisl died on 12 May 2021, aged 89.

Czechoslovakia national football team
The Czechoslovakia national football team (Czech: Československá fotbalová reprezentace, Slovak: Česko-slovenské národné futbalové mužstvo) represented Czechoslovakia in men's international football from 1919 to 1993. The team was controlled by the Czechoslovak Football Association, and the team qualified for eight World Cups and three European Championships. It had two runner-up finishes in World Cups, in 1934 and 1962, and won the European Championship in the 1976 tournament.

At the time of the dissolution of Czechoslovakia at the end of 1992, the team was participating in UEFA qualifying Group 4 for the 1994 World Cup; it completed the remainder of this campaign under the name Representation of Czechs and Slovaks (RČS, Czech: Reprezentace Čechů a Slováků, Slovak: Reprezentácia Čechov a Slovákov) before it was disbanded in November 1993. Both the Czech and Slovak national teams are considered to be the joint successors of the Czechoslovak record.