hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Closed set
In geometry, topology, and related branches of mathematics, a closed set is a set whose complement is an open set. In a topological space, a closed set can be defined as a set which contains all its limit points. In a complete metric space, a closed set is a set which is closed under the limit operation. This should not be confused with closed manifold.

Sets that are both open and closed are called clopen sets.

Limit of a sequence
In mathematics, the limit of a sequence is the value that the terms of a sequence "tend to", and is often denoted using the  symbol (e.g., ). If such a limit exists and is finite, the sequence is called convergent. A sequence that does not converge is said to be divergent. The limit of a sequence is said to be the fundamental notion on which the whole of mathematical analysis ultimately rests.

Limits can be defined in any metric or topological space, but are usually first encountered in the real numbers.
Ann Lininger
Ann Lininger (/ˈlaɪnɪŋər/ LY-ning-ər; born 1968) is an American attorney, politician, and jurist serving as a judge on the circuit court in Clackamas County in the U.S. state of Oregon. Prior to being appointed as judge, she was a member of the Oregon House of Representatives from the 38th district, which includes most of Lake Oswego and portions of southwestern Portland.

Clackamas County, Oregon
Clackamas County (/ˈklækəməs/ ⓘ CLAK-ə-məss) is one of the 36 counties in the U.S. state of Oregon. As of the 2020 census, the population was 421,401, making it Oregon's third-most populous county. Its county seat is Oregon City. The county was named after the native people living in the area at the time of the coming of Europeans, the Clackamas people, who are part of the Chinookan peoples.

Clackamas County is part of the Portland-Vancouver-Hillsboro, OR-WA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is in the Willamette Valley.
Esther Titilayo Akinlabi
Esther Titilayo Akinlabi listenⓘis a Nigerian academic who is  professor of mechanical engineering at Colorado State University. She served as the deputy faculty pro vice chancellor for research and knowledge exchange at the Faculty of Engineering and Environment of Northumbria University, Newcastle, United Kingdom. Prior to that, she was the director of the Pan African University for Life and Earth Sciences Institute (PAULESI) in Nigeria. She was the head of department of Mechanical Engineering Science, Faculty of Engineering and the Built Environment at the University of Johannesburg, South Africa.  She was also the vice dean for teaching and learning there. She is a member of Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World and a fellow of the African Academy of Sciences.

Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World
The Organization for Women in Science for the Developing World (OWSD) is an international organisation that provides research training, career development and networking opportunities for women scientists throughout the developing world at different stages in their career. It was founded in 1987 and was officially launched in 1993. The organisation was formerly known as the Third World Organization for Women in Science (TWOWS). It is a program unit of UNESCO and based at the offices of The World Academy of Sciences in Trieste, Italy.

The organisation aims to unite eminent scientists from the developing and developed world with an objective of supporting their efforts in the development process. It also aims at promoting the representation of its members in the sphere of scientific and technological leadership. It does so through different programs like memberships, fellowships, and awards.
Kursi, Jõgeva County
Kursi is a village in Põltsamaa Parish, Jõgeva County in Estonia. It's located about 4 km (2 mi) northeast of Puurmani, by the Pedja River. Kursi has a population of 54 (as of 10 April 2006).

Kursi Church is a mixture of Baroque architecture and Gothic Revival architecture. It derives its present look due to alterations made by architect Johann Gottfired Mühlhausen.

Puurmani
Puurmani is a small borough (Estonian: alevik) in Jõgeva County, Estonia, in Põltsamaa Parish. As of the 2011 census, the settlement's population was 514.

Some of Europe's last woolly mammoths inhabited the Puurmani area as recently as 10,000 BP.

Puurmani contains Puurmani manor, a historical manor recognized by the Estonian government as a cultural heritage object. It is currently occupied by a school.
Radha Ravindra Singh
Radha Ravindra Singh (born 1 January 1975) is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. She is an MLA of Bharatiya Janata Party from Chitrangi Assembly Constituency, which is reserved for ST community in Singrauli district. She won the 2023 Madhya Pradesh Legislative Assembly election. She served as the Minister of State for Panchayat and Rural Development.

Singrauli district
Singrauli district (Hindi pronunciation: [sɪŋg.ɾɔːliː]) is one of the districts in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh.Singrauli district is located northeastern part of Madhya Pradesh.It is a significant hub for energy production due to its vast coal reserves and power plants, earning it the title "Energy Capital of India".

Historically ruled by local Maharajas until 1947, the district underwent major transformation in the mid-20th century with the construction of the Govind Vallabh Pant Sagar dam and the discovery of rich coal deposits. The district has a diverse population, predominantly Hindu, with significant Scheduled Castes and Tribes.
Charlie Winslade
Charles Winslade (21 November 1931 – 6 October 1993) was a Welsh rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1940s, 1950s and 1960s. He played club level rugby union (RU) for Maesteg RFC, and County level for Glamorgan. He played rugby league (RL) at club level for Oldham FC (Heritage no. 560), Warrington and Leigh, as a second-row, loose forward or prop and at representative level for Great Britain, Wales and Other Nationalities.

Leigh Leopards
The Leigh Leopards are a professional rugby league club based in Leigh, Greater Manchester, England. Leigh play homes games at Leigh Sports Village and compete in Super League, the top tier of British rugby league.

Leigh Leopards have won the League Championship twice and Challenge Cup three times.

The clubs traditional home colours are red and white. They have a local rivalry with Wigan Warriors.
2022 Winston-Salem Open – Singles
Adrian Mannarino defeated Laslo Đere in the final, 7–6(7–1), 6–4 to win the singles tennis title at the 2022 Winston-Salem Open. Mannarino saved four match points en route to the title, in his first-round match against Christopher O'Connell.

Ilya Ivashka was the defending champion, but lost in the third round to Marc-Andrea Hüsler.

Christopher O'Connell
Christopher O'Connell (born 3 June 1994) is an Australian professional tennis player. O'Connell reached a career high ATP singles ranking of World No. 53 on 11 September 2023 and a doubles ranking of No. 460 on 25 April 2022.
Kadhalithal Podhuma
Kadhalithal Podhuma (transl. Is it enough if one only loves?) is a 1967 Indian Tamil-language romance film directed by K. V. Srinivas and produced by under Modern Theatres. The film's script was written by M. K. Devarajan and A. L. Narayanan wrote part of comedy script. The music was by Vedha. It stars Jaishankar, Vanisri, R. S. Manohar and Vennira Aadai Nirmala, with Thengai Srinivasan, V. S. Raghavan Rukmani and B. V. Radha in supporting roles. The film was released on 1 November 1967.

Vennira Aadai Nirmala
Vennira Aadai Nirmala (born as A. B. Shanthi in Kumbakonam) is an Indian actress who has appeared in Tamil, Malayalam and Telugu films. She was a prominent lead actress from 1960s and 70s. She is credited as Ushakumari in Malayalam film industry.
2016 Women's Junior Africa cup for Nations
The 2016 Junior Africa Cup for Nations was an international field hockey competition held from 18 to 28 March 2016 in Windhoek, Namibia.

The tournament served as a direct qualifier for the 2016 Junior World Cup, with the winner and runner-up qualifying.

2016 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup
The 2016 Women's Hockey Junior World Cup was the 8th edition of the Women's Hockey Junior World Cup. It was held from 24 November to 4 December 2016 in Santiago, Chile.

Argentina won the tournament after defeating defending champions the Netherlands 4–2 in the final. This was the first time Argentina had won the Junior World Cup since the 1993 tournament in Terrassa, Spain.

Australia won the third place match by defeating Spain 3–1 in a penalty shootout after a 1–1 draw. This was Australia's first Junior World Cup medal in 15 years.
Institut des sciences de l'ingénieur de Toulon et du Var
The Institut des Sciences de l'Ingénieur de Toulon et du Var (English: Institute of Engineering Sciences of Toulon and the Var), or ISITV, was a French public engineering school. It was located in the south of France, between Toulon and Hyères, on the French Riviera. In 2014, the school merged with Supméca to form a new engineering school called SeaTech.

The School was established in 1991 by combining the teaching and research resources of the University of the South, Toulon-Var with support and collaboration from industry.

University of Toulon
The University of Toulon (French: Université de Toulon or UTLN) is a French university located in Toulon, France, and neighboring areas (La Garde, Saint-Raphaël, La Valette and Draguignan). It was founded in 1968 and is organized in 6 faculties, 2 autonomous institutes, an institute of business management and an engineering school.
Abed Abest
Abed Abest (born 1987, in Bandar Abbas, Iran), is an Iranian director, writer and actor. He played roles in Shahram Mokri's films Fish & Cat which Won the Horizon Prize in Venice Film Festival (2013)  and Invasion which was Nominated for Teddy Award in Berlin International Film Festival (2018). His first feature film was Simulation (2017), which world premiered in Berlin International Film Festival (2017) forum section  and Won the best film award in Spain moving images film festival (2018). His second feature film Killing the Eunuch Khan (2021) is premiered in the 25th edition of  Tallinn Black Nights Film Festival. and won the Grand Jury Prize in Breakouts Section at Slamdance Film Festival

Shahram Mokri
Shahram Mokri  (Persian: شهرام مکری, born on 17 August, 1978 ) is an Iranian filmmaker. He graduated from Soore University. Mokri started his filmmaking training in the Iranian Youth Cinema Society and entered the professional world of cinema with his short film "Dragonfly Storm" (2002).
2018–19 Four Hills Tournament
The 2018–19 Four Hills Tournament took place at the four traditional venues of Oberstdorf, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Innsbruck, and Bischofshofen, located in Germany and Austria, between 30 December 2018 and 6 January 2019.

Ryoyu Kobayashi became the second ski jumper from Japan to win the overall tournament title, following Kazuyoshi Funaki in 1997–98. Kobayashi also became the third ski jumper in history to win all four events, after Sven Hannawald in 2001–02 and Kamil Stoch in 2017–18.

2017–18 Four Hills Tournament
The 2017–18 Four Hills Tournament took place at the four traditional venues of Oberstdorf, Garmisch-Partenkirchen, Innsbruck, and Bischofshofen, located in Germany and Austria, between 30 December 2017 and 6 January 2018.

Kamil Stoch successfully defended his title, becoming the first ski jumper since Gregor Schlierenzauer in 2012–13 to do so. By winning all four events, Stoch became the second ski jumper in history to achieve this feat, Sven Hannawald being the first in 2001–02.
Rowan Witt
Rowan Witt is an Australian film, television and theatre actor. He is best known for starring in The Book of Mormon, Hamilton, Totally Completely Fine, She Loves Me, Dogfight, Gloria, Into The Woods, South Pacific, Home and Away, and The Matrix.

Dogfight (musical)
Dogfight is a stage musical with music and lyrics by Benj Pasek and Justin Paul, and a book by Peter Duchan. It is based on the 1991 film of the same name. The musical premiered off-Broadway at the Second Stage Theatre in 2012, and in August 2014, the musical had its European premiere at the Southwark Playhouse in London.
House of Fuenmayor
The House of Fuenmayor (Spanish: Casa de Fuenmayor) is a Spanish noble house originating from the Crown of Castile, dating back to the 13th century. Its name comes from the town of Fuenmayor, located in the autonomous community of La Rioja.

Fuenmayor
Fuenmayor is a town located in the province of La Rioja, Spain. It is located ten kilometers from Logroño, the capital of La Rioja.

The town borders the Ebro river, the Basque-Aragonese freeway and railroad Logroño-Vitoria. Several industries and important warehouses have benefited from this strategic situation, which has also bolstered a constant increase of the population. There are 3,159 inhabitants.INE
Carlo Vivarelli
Carlo Vivarelli (1919–1986) was a Swiss artist and graphic designer associated with the International Typographic Style.

Vivarelli was born on 8 March 1919 in Zürich, Switzerland.

Vivarelli began his design education studying in 1934 at the Kunstgewerbeschule Zürich. During this period, he also worked as an apprentice.

Following his early studies, Vivarelli moved to Paris, where he studied under French poster artist Paul Colin.  In 1946, Vivarelli moved to Milan, where he worked as an art director at graphic design firm, Studio Boggeri. The following year, he returned to Zürich and opened his own firm. Vivarelli's studio was commissioned by a number of major clients including Electrolux, Roche, and SRG SSR.

In 1958 Vivarelli became a founding member of Neue Grafik, a Swiss design publication.

Carlo Vivarelli died in Zürich in 1986.

Electrolux
Electrolux AB (Swedish: [ɛˈlɛ̂kːtrʊˌlɵks, ɛlɛktrʊˈlɵks]; originally Elektromekaniska AB and later Elektrolux AB) is a Swedish multinational home appliance manufacturer, headquartered in Stockholm. It is consistently ranked the world's second largest appliance maker by units sold, after Whirlpool.

Founded in 1910, Electrolux products are sold under a variety of brand names (including its own), and are primarily major appliances and vacuum cleaners intended for home consumer use.

Electrolux has a primary listing on the Stockholm Stock Exchange.
Richard Murgatroyd
Richard Murgatroyd (born 1937) is an American politician from Kentucky who was a member of the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1995 to 1999. Murgatroyd was first elected in 1994 after incumbent representative Kenneth F. Harper retired. In 1998 he was elected Judge/Executive of Kenton County. He resigned in January 2004 in order to join the administration of governor Ernie Fletcher.

Kenneth F. Harper
Kenneth F. Harper (January 15, 1931 – November 21, 2025) was an American politician from the state of Kentucky. He served in the Kentucky House of Representatives from 1964 to 1968 and from 1982 to 1995, as a Republican. Harper also served as Secretary of State of Kentucky from 1971 to 1972. He was a United States Air Force veteran of the Korean War.

Harper attended the Kentucky Military Institute and University of Kentucky.

Harper died on November 21, 2025, at the age of 94.
The Sheltering Desert
The Sheltering Desert is a 1992 South African-British-Irish drama film directed by Regardt van den Bergh and starring Jason Connery, Rupert Graves and Joss Ackland. The film was a co-production between Ireland, South Africa and the United Kingdom. It is listed in the film list of the British production company Vine International Pictures Ltd.

The Sheltering Desert is also the name of the book the film is based upon. It is an autobiographical account written by Henno Martin. Its original German title is "Wenn es Krieg gibt, gehen wir in die Wüste". The English as well as the German edition are published by the German publisher Two Books.

Joss Ackland
Sidney Edmond Jocelyn Ackland (29 February 1928 – 19 November 2023) was an English actor who appeared in more than 130 film, radio and television roles. He was nominated for the BAFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role for portraying Jock Delves Broughton in White Mischief (1987).
Alessandro Pavone
Alessandro Pavone is an Italian videographer of documentary film and television. He has worked as a cinematographer or producer of a number of documentary programs including Vice, Frontline and Hunting ISIS, as well as producing work for BBC2 and Al Jazeera.

Al Jazeera English
Al Jazeera English (AJE; Arabic: الجزيرة, romanized: al-jazīrah, lit. 'the island', pronounced [æl (d)ʒæˈziːrɐ]), often known as Al Jazeera, is a 24-hour English-language news channel operating under Al Jazeera Media Network, which is partially funded by the government of Qatar. Al Jazeera introduced an English-language division in 2006. It is the first global English-language news channel to be headquartered in the Middle East.

Al Jazeera is known for its in-depth and frontline reporting particularly in conflict zones such as the Arab Spring, the Gaza–Israel conflict and others. Al Jazeera's coverage of the Arab Spring won the network numerous awards, including the Peabody Award. It positions itself as an alternative media platform to the dominance of Western media outlets like CNN and BBC, focusing on narrative reporting where subjects present their own stories.
Belgium in the Eurovision Song Contest 2012
Belgium was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2012 with the song "Would You?", written by Nina Sampermans, Jean Bosco Safari, and Walter Mannaerts, and performed by Iris. The Belgian participating broadcaster, Flemish Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie (VRT), selected its entry through the national final Eurosong 2012: Een song voor Iris, after having previously selected the performer internally. The national final, held on 17 March 2012, featured two songs, and "Would You?" was selected as the winning song after gaining 53% of the public televote.

Belgium was drawn to compete in the first semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 22 May 2012. Performing during the show in position 8, "Would You?" was not announced among the top 10 entries of the first semi-final and therefore did not qualify to compete in the final. It was later revealed that Belgium placed seventeenth out of the 18 participating countries in the semi-final with 16 points.

VRT (broadcaster)
The Vlaamse Radio- en Televisieomroeporganisatie ("Flemish Radio and Television broadcasting organisation"), shortened to VRT (Dutch: [ˌveːjɛrˈteː]), is one of the national public service broadcasters for the Flemish Community of Belgium. Its counterpart in the French Community is the French-language RTBF (Radio-télévision belge de la Communauté française), and in the German-speaking Community it is BRF (Belgischer Rundfunk).

The VRT operates six television channels (VRT 1, VRT Canvas, Ketnet, Sporza, VRT NWS and VRT MAX) together with a number of radio channels, including Radio 1, Radio 2, Klara, Studio Brussel, and MNM.
Lisa Boyer
Lisa Boyer is the associate head coach of the South Carolina Gamecocks women's basketball team since 2010. Prior to her time with the Gamecocks, Boyer was the head coach of the Bradley Braves women's basketball team from 1986 to 1996. As an assistant for the Cleveland Cavaliers from 2001 to 2002, Boyer was the first woman to coach in the National Basketball Association. Boyer was inducted into the Ithaca College Athletics Hall of Fame in 2014.

Ithaca College
Ithaca College is a private college in Ithaca, New York, United States. It was founded by William Egbert in 1892 as a conservatory of music. Ithaca College provides media-related programs and entertainment programs within the Roy H. Park School of Communications and the Ithaca College School of Music, Theatre, and Dance. The college has a liberal arts focus, and offers several pre-professional programs, along with several graduate programs, mainly in business, health sciences, and teaching degrees through the School of Humanities and Sciences.
A Girl of the Limberlost (1924 film)
A Girl of the Limberlost is a 1924 American silent film, produced by Gene Stratton-Porter and directed by James Leo Meehan. It stars Gloria Grey, Emily Fitzroy, and Arthur Currier, and was released on April 28, 1924. The first adaptation of Stratton-Porter's famous novel, this silent film is considered lost.

Emily Fitzroy
Emily Fitzroy (24 May 1860 – 3 March 1954) was an English theatre and film actress who eventually became an American citizen. She was at one time a leading lady in London for Sir Charles Wyndham.

She made her film debut in 1915. Her debut in sound films came in Show Boat (1929). She retired in 1944. Her last film was The White Cliffs of Dover (1944).

Her Broadway credits include What the Public Wants (1922), I.O.U. (1918), Rich Man, Poor Man (1916), Lady Patricia (1912), and Just to Get Married (1912).
Qareh Khawoserre
Qareh Khawoserre was possibly the third king of the Canaanite 14th Dynasty of Egypt, who reigned over the eastern Nile Delta from Avaris during the Second Intermediate Period. His reign is believed to have lasted about 10 years, from 1770 BC until 1760 BC or later, around 1710 BC. Alternatively, Qareh could have been a later vassal of the Hyksos kings of the 15th Dynasty and would then be classified as a king of the 16th Dynasty.

Qareh's name is West Semitic and means "The bald one". Qareh's name was earlier misread as Qar, Qur, and Qal.

Sixteenth Dynasty of Egypt
The Sixteenth Dynasty of ancient Egypt (notated Dynasty XVI) was a dynasty of pharaohs that ruled the Theban region in Upper Egypt for 70 years.

This dynasty, together with the 15th and 17th dynasties, are often combined under the group title, Second Intermediate Period (c. 1650–1550 BC), a period that saw the division of Upper and Lower Egypt between the pharaohs at Thebes and the Hyksos kings of the 15th Dynasty based at Avaris.
Abu'l-Fawaris Muhammad ibn Nasir al-Dawla
Abū'l-Fawāris Muḥammad ibn Nāṣir al-Dawla was a Hamdanid prince, active as a governor and general for his uncle, Sayf al-Dawla, Emir of Aleppo.

Abu'l-Fawaris Muhammad was one of the sons of Nasir al-Dawla, the Hamdanid emir of Mosul. In 337 AH (947/948 CE) his uncle, Sayf al-Dawla, appointed him as governor of his capital, Aleppo. In the next year, 949/950, he led an expedition against the Byzantine army that raided the environs of Antioch, but was defeated with heavy loss by the Byzantine general Leo Phokas the Younger.

In 959 he led another campaign against the Byzantines, but was captured with all of his officers and escort by Leo Phokas. He remained in captivity until the prisoner exchange of 23 June 966 at Samosata, when he was released along with other Hamdanid prisoners, including the celebrated poet Abu Firas al-Hamdani.

Abu Firas al-Hamdani
Al-Harith ibn Abi’l-ʿAlaʾ Saʿid ibn Hamdan al-Taghlibi (932–968), better known by his pen name Abu Firas al-Hamdani (Arabic: أبو فراس الحمداني), was an Arab prince and poet. He was a cousin of Sayf al-Dawla and a member of the Hamdanid dynasty, who were rulers in northern Syria and Upper Mesopotamia during the 10th century. He served Sayf al-Dawla as governor of Manbij as well as court poet, and was active in his cousin's wars against the Byzantine Empire. He was captured by the Byzantines in 959/962 and spent several years at their capital, Constantinople, where he composed his most famous work, the collection of poems titled al-Rūmiyyāt (الروميات). He was ransomed in 966, and was killed in 968, when he raised a revolt against his nephew Sa'd al-Dawla, Sayf al-Dawla's successor. He is considered among the greatest figures of classical Arabic poetry.