hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Nandaprayag Assembly constituency
Nandaprayag Legislative Assembly constituency was one of the seventy electoral Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly constituencies of Uttarakhand state in India. It was a part of Garhwal (Lok Sabha constituency) and was abolished in 2012 following the delimitation.

Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly
The Uttarakhand Legislative Assembly, also known as the Uttarakhand Vidhan Sabha (formerly the Uttaranchal Legislative Assembly), is a unicameral governing and law making body of Uttarakhand, one of the 28 states of India. It is seated at Dehradun, the winter capital, and Gairsain, the summer capital of Uttarakhand. The total strength of the assembly is 71 Members of the Legislative Assembly (MLA).

As of March 2022, Pushkar Singh Dhami is the current Chief Minister of Uttarakhand and Leader of the House in the 5th Vidhan Sabha. The Speaker of the Assembly is Ritu Khanduri Bhushan. Gurmit Singh is the current Governor of Uttarakhand.
Kudankita
Kudankita (九段北) is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan, consisting of four chōme. It was a part of the former ward of Kōjimachi. As of March 1, 2007, its population is 1,404. Kudankita is a luxury and prestigious residential and business zone.

The Yasukuni Shrine is situated near the center of the district.

The Kudanshita district is located on the northwestern part of the ward of Chiyoda and borders Ichigayatamachi, Shinjuku. It also borders Nishi-Kanda and Kanda-Jinbōchō to the east, Kudanminami and Kitanomaru Kōen to the south, and Fujimi and Iidabashi to the north.

Fujimi, Chiyoda, Tokyo
Fujimi (富士見, Fujimi) is a district of Chiyoda, Tokyo, Japan.

Formerly part of the Banchō area, it is an upper scale mostly residential area. It houses several educational facilities, notably Hosei University, as well as the residence of the Ambassador of the Philippines, the Embassy of East Timor, and the de facto Embassy of DPRK.
Richard J. Allen (politician)
Richard J. Allen (August 6, 1933 – December 20, 2021) was an American politician who was a Republican member of both houses of the Michigan Legislature between 1969 and 1982.

Allen was elected to the Michigan House of Representatives in 1968 to succeed his father, Lester Allen. After serving two terms, Allen was defeated in the 1972 primary election. Two years later, he won election to the Michigan Senate, served two terms, and was defeated in the 1982 primary.

He was an unsuccessful candidate for Congress twice: in 1980, losing to Donald J. Albosta, and 1990, losing to Dave Camp in the primary. Allen was also a college professor, and a member of the Farm Bureau, Rotary, the Audubon Society, and the Sierra Club.

Allen was executive director of the Michigan State Fair from 1990 to 1993. He is also the namesake of the Dick Allen Lansing to Mackinaw Bike Tour (DALMAC).

Allen died on December 20, 2021, at the age of 88.

Donald J. Albosta
Donald Joseph Albosta (December 5, 1925 – December 18, 2014) was an American farmer, businessman, and politician from the U.S. state of Michigan. He served three terms in the United States House of Representatives from 1979 to 1985.

Most notably, he was chairman of the U.S. House Committee on Post Office and Civil Service's Subcommittee on Human Resources when it investigated the leaking of Jimmy Carter's briefing papers prior to the key debate of the 1980 U.S. presidential election. This scandal later became known as Debategate. His chief of staff was Charles Ehrlich who he hired after Ehrlich had worked for an Indiana congressman for 2 years.
Iowa Soldiers' Orphans' Home
The Iowa Soldiers' Orphans' Home, also known at the Annie Wittenmyer Home or the Annie Wittenmyer Center, located in Davenport, Iowa, is a former orphanage. The home was originally used for orphans from the American Civil War. Starting in 1876, children from broken homes, as well as orphans from all of Iowa's 99 counties, were taken in at the home. It is listed on the Davenport Register of Historic Properties and as a historic district on the National Register of Historic Places.

Iowa General Assembly
41°35′28″N 93°36′14″W﻿ / ﻿41.591°N 93.604°W﻿ / 41.591; -93.604

The Iowa General Assembly is the legislative branch of the state government of Iowa. Like the federal United States Congress, the General Assembly is a bicameral body, composed of the upper house Iowa Senate and the lower Iowa House of Representatives respectively. The Senate consists of four year terms and the House consists of two year terms. The General Assembly convenes within the Iowa State Capitol in Des Moines since the capital was moved there in 1857. The assembly convenes annually on the second Monday in January.
Chicago Express (basketball team)
The Chicago Express was a professional basketball franchise based in Chicago, Illinois. The team was one of the original franchises of the World Basketball League, which began play in 1988. The Express advanced to the WBL championship game in 1988, losing to the Las Vegas Silver Streaks 102–95 on September 9, 1988.

After the 1988 season, the franchise moved to Springfield, Illinois and played two more seasons as the Illinois Express before folding for good in late 1990.

While in Chicago, the Express played its home games at the Rosemont Horizon.

Las Vegas Silver Streaks
The Las Vegas Silver Streaks were a professional basketball franchise based in Las Vegas, Nevada  from 1988-1990. The team played its inaugural seasons in the World Basketball League before folding.  The Silver Streaks won the first World Basketball League championship in 1988, defeating the Chicago Express 102-95 in the title game. They were one of only three teams to ever win a WBL championship.
Creation of a league franchise team for Las Vegas, NV was facilitated by former Oakland A's executive Fred Kuenzi. He stayed on and served as a General Manager and promotions director for season 1.

The Silver Streaks played its home games at the Thomas & Mack Center.  Former UNLV stars Freddie Banks, Anthony Jones and Mark Wade played for the club.

Prior to the 1991 season, the Silver Steaks relocated to Nashville, Tennessee and became the Nashville Stars.
Tatyana Velikanova
Tatyana Mikhailovna Velikanova (Russian: Татья́на Миха́йловна Велика́нова, 3 February 1932 in Moscow – 19 September 2002 in Moscow) was a mathematician and Soviet dissident. A veteran of the human rights movement in the Soviet Union, she was an editor of A Chronicle of Current Events for most of that underground periodical's existence (1968–1983), bravely exposing her involvement with the anonymously edited and distributed bulletin at a press conference in May 1974.

She was also a founding member in 1969 of the Initiative Group on Human Rights in the USSR, the first human rights organization in the USSR since 1918. Arrested in November 1979, Velikanova was sentenced in August 1980 to four years in a prison camp and five years of internal exile. Turning down the offer of an amnesty from Mikhail Gorbachev in December 1987 as one of the last of two women convicted under Article 70 (the other was Elena Sannikova), Velikanova voluntarily served her sentence of exile to the end.

Political repression in the Soviet Union
Throughout the history of the Soviet Union, tens of millions of people suffered political repression, which was an instrument of the state since the October Revolution. It culminated during the Stalin era, then declined, but it continued to exist during the "Khrushchev Thaw", followed by increased persecution of Soviet dissidents during the Brezhnev era, and it did not cease to exist until late in Mikhail Gorbachev's rule when it was ended in keeping with his policies of glasnost and perestroika.
Nissan 370Z
The Nissan 370Z (known as the Fairlady Z Z34 in Japan) is a two-seater sports car which was made by Nissan from 2008 until 2021. Based on the Nissan FM platform, it has a front mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout and either a two-door coupé or two-door roadster bodystyle. The 370Z is the sixth generation of the Nissan Z-car line, succeeding the 350Z and preceding the RZ34, which uses a modified version of the same platform. It was sold in North America for the 2009–2020 model years.

Roadster (car)
A roadster (also spider, spyder) is an open two-seat car with emphasis on sporting appearance or character. Initially an American term for a two-seat car with no weather protection, its usage has spread internationally and has evolved to include two-seat convertibles.

The roadster was also a style of racing car driven in United States Auto Club (USAC) Championship Racing, including the Indianapolis 500, in the 1950s and 1960s. This type of racing car was superseded by rear-mid-engine cars.
Darkhad dialect
Darkhad (also "Darkhat") is a dialect in-between Central Mongolian and Oirat still variously seen as closer to Oirat or as a dialect of Khalkha Mongolian with some Oirat features. However, it seems to have substantially assimilated to the Khalkha dialect since it first was described by Sanžeev, and some classificational differences seem to be due to what historical (or even ideal) state got classified. Ethnologue reports a population of 24,000 without providing a date. Speakers live mainly in the west of Lake Khövsgöl in the sums Bayanzürkh, Ulaan-Uul and Rinchinlkhümbe in the Khövsgöl Province of Mongolia.

Khövsgöl Province
Khövsgöl Province (Mongolian: Хөвсгөл аймаг) is the northernmost of the 21 provinces of Mongolia, bordering Buryatia and Tuva, Russia. Its name is derived from Lake Khövsgöl. The province was established in 1931. Its administrative center is the city of Mörön; prior to 1933, its capital was Khatgal.
The White Horse, Burnham Green
The White Horse is a grade II listed public house in Whitehorse Lane, Burnham Green, in the parish of Datchworth in Hertfordshire. The building dates from around the seventeenth century. It was formerly known as The Chequers.

Datchworth
Datchworth is a village and civil parish in the East Hertfordshire district of Hertfordshire, England. It lies 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east of Knebworth, its post town, and between the towns of Hertford, Stevenage and Welwyn Garden City. At the 2021 census the parish had a population of 1,513.

Sited on the Roman road from St Albans to Puckeridge, the village has examples of Saxon clearings in several locations. Datchworth has a village green where there are two pubs (The Plough and The Tilbury) and a sports club.
Schwall
Schwall (German pronunciation: [ʃval] ⓘ) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Hunsrück-Mittelrhein, whose seat is in Emmelshausen.

Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis
Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis is a district (German: Kreis) in the middle of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Lahn, Mainz-Bingen, Bad Kreuznach, Birkenfeld, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Cochem-Zell.
Treaty of Paris (1718)
The Treaty of Paris was a treaty signed in Paris on January 21, 1718, between the Regent of the Kingdom of France, Philip of Orléans, and his brother-in-law, the Duke of Lorraine and Bar, Leopold I. The treaty transferred ownership of lands and municipalities in Grand Est and Saarland.

Under Article 2, Leopold ceded the five villages Ensdorf, Beaumarais, Fraulautern, Lisdorf, and Roden and the city of Wallerfangen in the district of Saarland to France.

Under Article 3, Philip of Orléans appointed Leopold as the Prévôt of Longwy while affirming control of the town of Longwy.

Under Article 10, five previously undivided Grand Est villages were divided between the signatories. Hagéville, Jonville, and Vilcey went to France while Arnaville and Olley went to Léopold.

Under Article 11, Leopold sold Knutange for the castle of Bauzemont.

Under Article 13, France gave Leopold the castle of Rambervillers.

Duchy of Bar
The County of Bar, later Duchy of Bar, was a principality of the Holy Roman Empire encompassing the pays de Barrois and centred on the city of Bar-le-Duc. It was held by the House of Montbéliard from the 11th century. Part of the county, the so-called Barrois mouvant, became a fief of the Kingdom of France in 1301 and was elevated to a duchy in 1354. The Barrois non-mouvant remained a part of the Empire. From 1480, it was united to the imperial Duchy of Lorraine.

Both imperial Bar and Lorraine came under the influence of France in 1735, with Bar ceded to the deposed king of Poland, Stanisław Leszczyński. According to the Treaty of Vienna (1738), the duchy would pass to the French crown upon Stanisław's death, which occurred in 1766.
Ja'far ibn Yahya
Jaʽfar ibn Yahya Barmaki or Jafar al-Barmaki (Persian: جعفر بن یحیی برمکی, Arabic: جعفر بن يحيى, Jaʽfar bin yaḥyā) (767–803), also called Aba-Fadl, was a Persian vizier of the Abbasid caliph Harun al-Rashid, succeeding his father (Yahya ibn Khalid) in that position. He was a member of the influential Barmakid family, formerly Buddhist leaders of the Nava Vihara monastery. He was executed in 803 at the orders of Harun al-Rashid.

He had a reputation as a patron of the sciences, and did much to introduce Indian science into Baghdad. He was credited with convincing the caliph to open a paper mill in Baghdad, the secret of papermaking having been obtained from Tang Chinese prisoners at the Battle of Talas (in present-day Kyrgyzstan) in 751.

Vizier (Abbasid Caliphate)
The vizier (Arabic: وزير, romanized: wazīr) was the senior minister of the Abbasid Caliphate, and set a model that was widely emulated in the Muslim world. Many viziers came to enjoy considerable power, even at times eclipsing the Abbasid caliphs and using them as puppets. The majority of the viziers were of non-Arab origin, and several were also notable patrons of poets and scholars, sponsoring the Translation Movement as well as religious works.
Kuhn (crater)
Kuhn is a lunar impact crater located on the lunar far side near the Northern lunar pole. The crater is located east of the Kocher crater, Southeast of the prominent Ashbrook crater and just north of the southern lunar pole. Kuhn was adopted and named after German chemist Richard Kuhn by the IAU in 2008.

Kocher (crater)
Kocher is a lunar impact crater located on the lunar far side near the southern pole. The crater is located southeast of  Ashbrook and Drygalski craters.  The name was adopted after Swiss physician Emil Kocher by the IAU in January 2009.
2003 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – Pool B
Group B of the 2003 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I was one of two pools in the Asia/Oceania zone of the 2003 Fed Cup. Six teams competed in a round robin competition, with the top two teams advancing to the play-offs and the bottom team being relegated to Group II for the following year.

2003 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I – play-offs
The play-offs of the 2003 Fed Cup Asia/Oceania Zone Group I were the final stages of the Group I Zonal Competition involving teams from Asia and Oceania. Those that qualified for this stage placed first and second in their respective pools.

The four teams were then paired up the team from a different placing of the other group for a play-off tie, with the winners being promoted to the World Group play-offs.
Music of Tennessee
The story of Tennessee's contribution to American music is essentially the story of three cities: Nashville, Memphis, and Bristol. While Nashville is most famous for its status as the long-time capital of country music, Bristol is recognized as the "Birthplace of Country Music". Memphis musicians have had an enormous influence on blues, early rock and roll, R&B, and soul music, as well as an increasing presence in rap.

Blues Hall of Fame
The Blues Hall of Fame is a music museum operated by the Blues Foundation at 421 S. Main Street in Memphis, Tennessee. Initially, the "Blues Hall of Fame" was not a physical building, but a listing of people who have significantly contributed to blues music. Started in 1980, it honors people who have performed, recorded, or documented blues. The museum opened to the public on May 8, 2015.
San Francisco Giants Radio Network
The San Francisco Giants Radio Network is the radio network of the San Francisco Giants. There are 15 stations (six AM, four FM, and five FM translators) in the English-language network, including the flagship KNBR/KNBR-FM (104.5 FM and 680 AM). Six stations (one AM and five FM) carry the team's broadcasts in Spanish, including the Spanish-language flagship KSFN (1510 AM), bringing the total number of radio stations carrying Giants baseball to 21.

The English-language network is identified on-air as the KNBR Northern California Honda Dealers Radio Network.

Announcers include Jon Miller, Dave Flemming, Duane Kuiper, and Mike Krukow on the English-language broadcasts, with Erwin Higueros, Tito Fuentes, and Marvin Benard handling Spanish-language duties.

KSFN
KSFN (1510 AM) is a commercial radio station broadcasting a Spanish Regional Mexican music radio format. Licensed to Piedmont, California, the station serves the San Francisco Bay Area. The station is currently owned by Alfredo Plascencia's Lazer Media, through licensee Lazer Licenses, LLC. KSFN's transmitter is in an industrial section of West Oakland, California.

Programing can also be heard on a 99 Watt translator (K257GE) in San Francisco
Centaurea alba
Centaurea alba is a species of Centaurea found in the Iberian Peninsula in southern and central Spain and in a small neighbouring area in the interior of Portugal. There are three recognised subspecies, and of one subspecies, the nominate, there are furthermore three varieties.

It has been called pale knapweed in English. Vernacular names which have been recorded for this herb in Castilian Spanish are calcitrapa, cardo estrellado, centaura estrellada, garbanzos del cura, siempre nueva, siempre-nueva, and trapacaballos. Other local recorded names in Spanish are abreojos, abrepuños, amargosa, amargosilla, amargoso, ardolla, arzolla, cardo abrepuños, cardo de la arzolla, marbosilla, margosilla, piropo, planta para hemorroides and raíz de la arzolla. In the Catalan language it is known as raspallera in the Valencian dialect.

Werner Greuter
Werner Rodolfo Greuter (born 27 February 1938 in Genoa, Italy, as a Swiss national) is a botanist. He was the chair of the Editorial Committee for the International Code of Botanical Nomenclature (ICBN) - the Tokyo Code (1994) and the St Louis Code (2000).  His proposed policy as regards registration of botanical names proved unpopular and in 1999 he stepped back, not being elected anew: he completed his term as chair to be succeeded at Vienna in 2005. He returned as a member of the editorial committee, contributing to the renamed International Code of Nomenclature for algae, fungi, and plants, the "Melbourne Code" (2012).
Big Rivers Conference
The Big Rivers Conference is a high school athletic conference consisting of large high schools in western Wisconsin.  Formed in 1956, its member schools are affiliated with the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association.

Mississippi Valley Conference (Wisconsin, 1989–present)
The Mississippi Valley Conference (MVC) is a high school athletic conference in southwest Wisconsin.  Founded in 1989, the conference and its member schools belong to the Wisconsin Interscholastic Athletic Association and are located in the La Crosse-Onalaska-Sparta combined statistical area.
Kai Tak Nullah
The Kai Tak Nullah (Chinese: 啟德明渠), also known as the Kai Tak River (啟德河) and sometimes spelled Kaitak, is a nullah or watercourse that collects water from the rivers and streams flowing from the hills in northern New Kowloon. It empties into a narrow channel leading into the Kwun Tong Typhoon Shelter. Part of the nullah is covered by roads and other facilities.

The Kai Tak Nullah is about 2.4 km (1.5 mi) in length. It flows from Po Kong Village Road along Choi Hung Road, pass Tung Tau Estate and San Po Kong, into Kai Tak Development Area before discharging into the Victoria Harbour at the Kwun Tong Typhoon Shelter. It has an upstream and a midstream. The nullah is one of the major flood relief drainage channels in the East Kowloon area. The improvement work of Kai Tak Nullah has been overseen by the Civil Engineering and Development Department since March 2012, aiming to turn the nullah into an attractive green river corridor. It was anticipated to be fully completed before 2021.

Tung Tau Estate
Tung Tau Estate (Chinese: 東頭邨) is a public housing estate and Tenants Purchase Scheme estate in the south of Wong Tai Sin, located between San Po Kong and Kowloon City, in Hong Kong. It was first built in the 1960s as resettlement housing, but has since been reconstructed.

It was divided into Tung Tau (I) Estate (東頭(一)邨) and Tung Tau (II) Estate (東頭(二)邨). The sole remaining housing block of Tung Tau (I) Estate was subsequently demolished. Tung Tau (II) Estate has 20 blocks built during the redevelopment in the 1980s and the 1990s.
Holy Fire (2018)
The Holy Fire was a wildfire that burned in the Cleveland National Forest in Orange and Riverside Counties, California. The wildfire started on August 6, 2018, at around 1:15 PM PDT, in the vicinity of Trabuco Canyon. A suspected arsonist was booked into the Orange County jail in Santa Ana, California but found not guilty in 2023. The blaze burned 23,136 acres (94 km2) and destroyed 18 buildings, before it was fully contained on September 13, 2018. While the fire was actively spreading in early and mid-August, residents of the nearby cities of Corona, Temescal Valley, and Lake Elsinore were placed under evacuation orders.

Cleveland National Forest
Cleveland National Forest is a U.S. national forest in Southern California that encompasses 460,000 acres/720 mi2 (1,900 km2) of inland montane regions. It is approximately 60 miles (97 km) from the Pacific Ocean, within the counties of San Diego, Riverside, and Orange. The landscape varies somewhat, with mostly chaparral canyons, arroyos and high desert, but dotted with meadows and oak and conifer forests. Near water sources, riparian environments and perennial aquatic plants attract native and migratory wildlife, such as at San Diego's man-made Lake Cuyamaca. A generally warm and dry, inland-Mediterranean climate prevails over the Forest, with the cooler months producing morning frost and snowfall (in the higher elevations). It is the southernmost U.S. National Forest of California. The area is administered by the U.S. Forest Service, a government agency within the United States Department of Agriculture, and is locally overseen by the Descanso, Palomar and Trabuco Ranger Districts.
Italian Enlightenment
The Italian Enlightenment (Italian: l'Illuminismo italiano) refers to the intellectual and cultural movement that flourished in Italy during the second half of the 18th century as part of the broader Enlightenment (historically known in Italian as l'Illuminismo). The movement was characterized by the discussion of the epistemological, ethical, and political issues of the time.

Ferdinando Galiani
Ferdinando Galiani (2 December 1728, Chieti, Kingdom of Naples – 30 October 1787, Naples, Kingdom of Naples), known in French contexts as Abbé Galiani,: 38  was an Italian economist, a leading Italian figure of the Enlightenment. Friedrich Nietzsche referred to him as "a most fastidious and refined intelligence"  and "the most profound, discerning, and perhaps also the filthiest man of his century."