hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Mordechai Zeira
Mordechai Zeira (Hebrew: מרדכי זעירא; July 6, 1905 – August 1, 1968), born in Kiev as Dmitry Greben, was an Israeli composer.

Mordechai Zaira (Greben) was one of the most important Israeli composers and songwriters. He wrote melodies for the best poets and songwriters, including Jacob Orland, Nathan Alterman, Aharon Ashman and Alexander Penn. His works are still played today, some in modern versions by young artists. At the time he was called "the troubadour of the Hebrew singer".

Nathan Alterman
Nathan Alterman (Hebrew: נתן אלתרמן; August 14, 1910 – March 28, 1970) was a Russian-Israeli poet, playwright, journalist, and translator. He was associated with Zionist political movements and played a significant role in shaping public discourse, although he never held elected office.
Dmitry Shipov
Dmitry Nikolaevich Shipov (14 May 1851 – 14 January 1920) was a Russian liberal Slavophile politician of the 19th and 20th centuries.

Shipov acted as a political mentor of Georgy Lvov, Russia's future first Prime Minister. According to Solzhenitsyn in “November 1916”, Shipov was not, or ought not to have been considered a ‘Slavophile’, a slandering term at the time assigned to him by his radically leftist opponents—one which appears to have ‘tarred’ him, inaccurately, to this day!"

Union of October 17
The Union of 17 October (Russian: Союз 17 Октября, Soyuz 17 Oktyabrya), commonly known as the Octobrist Party (Russian: Октябристы, Oktyabristy), was a liberal-reformist constitutional monarchist political party in late Imperial Russia. It represented moderately right-wing, anti-revolutionary and constitutionalist views.
Coral Island (video game)
Coral Island is a 2023 farming simulation game developed by Stairway Games and published by Humble Games. Set on a tropical island, the game features mechanics similar to other farming simulators, such as Stardew Valley. It was a major success on Kickstarter, reaching its initial funding goal within 36 hours. Coral Island entered early access for PC in October 2022, and was fully released on November 14, 2023, alongside its console versions. Cooperative multiplayer was added to the game on August 14, 2025.

Non-player character
A non-player character  (NPC) is a character in a game that is not controlled by a player. The term originated in traditional tabletop role-playing games where it applies to characters controlled by the gamemaster, or referee, rather than by another player. In video games, this usually means a computer-controlled character that has a predetermined set of behaviors that potentially will impact gameplay, but will not necessarily be the product of true artificial intelligence.
Chiral anomaly
In theoretical physics, a chiral anomaly is the anomalous nonconservation of a chiral current. Such events are expected to be prohibited according to classical conservation laws, but it is known there must be ways they can be broken, because we have evidence of charge–parity non-conservation  ("CP violation"). It is possible that other imbalances have been caused by breaking of a chiral law of this kind. Many physicists suspect that the fact that the observable universe contains more matter than antimatter is caused by a chiral anomaly. Chiral symmetry breaking, which breaks chirality symmetry for fermions, can also happen without CP violation, which causes mass gaps between mesons in quantum chromodynamics.

Physical Review
Physical Review is a peer-reviewed scientific journal. The journal was established in 1893 by Edward Nichols. It publishes original research as well as scientific and literature reviews on all aspects of physics. It is published by the American Physical Society (APS). The journal is in its third series, and is split in several sub-journals each covering a particular field of physics. It has a sister journal, Physical Review Letters, which publishes shorter articles of broader interest.
Torbjørnskjær Lighthouse
Torbjørnskjær Lighthouse (Norwegian: Torbjørnskjær fyr, Urban East Norwegian: [ˈtʊ̂rbjøːɳʂæːr ˈfyːr]) is a fully automated coastal lighthouse situated on a skerry in the archipelago municipality of Hvaler, Norway. It marks the east side of the entrance to the Oslofjord, with Færder marking the west. The light is powered by solar power. Landing conditions are very difficult, and nowadays service calls are made via helicopter. The lighthouse and surrounding buildings, which include residences, outhouse, a well, and engine house are proposed protected as a national park.

Hvaler
Hvaler is a municipality that is a group of islands in the southern part of Østfold County, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Skjærhalden, on the island of Kirkeøy.  The only police station in the municipality is located in Skjærhalden.  Hvaler was established as a municipality on 1 January 1838 (see formannskapsdistrikt).
High and Low Bishopside
High and Low Bishopside is a civil parish in Nidderdale, in North Yorkshire, England. It includes the town of Pateley Bridge and the villages of Glasshouses and Wilsill, the southern part of Wath and the hamlets of Blazefield, and Fellbeck.

The parish touches Bewerley, Dacre, Eavestone, Fountains Earth, Hartwith cum Winsley, Laverton, Sawley, Stonebeck Down and Warsill. In 2011 the parish had a population of 2,210. There are 39 listed buildings in High and Low Bishopside. The parish's council is called "Pateley Bridge Town Council".

The parish is bounded on the west by the River Nidd, and includes a large area of moorland to the east of the town. The parish therefore does not include the part of the Pateley Bridge built-up area west of the Nidd in the parish of Bewerley, where Pateley Bridge post office, the Nidderdale showground, Nidderdale High School and the district of Bridgehouse Gate are located.

Glasshouses, North Yorkshire
Glasshouses is a small village in Nidderdale, North Yorkshire, England. It lies 1 mile (1.6 km) south-east of Pateley Bridge on the east side of Nidderdale and has a recently rebuilt river bridge across the River Nidd. In 2019 it had an estimated population of 536.
Nanolaser
A nanolaser is a laser that has nanoscale dimensions and it refers to a micro-/nano- device which can emit light with light or electric excitation of nanowires or other nanomaterials that serve as resonators. A standard feature of nanolasers includes their light confinement on a scale approaching or suppressing the diffraction limit of light. These tiny lasers can be modulated quickly and, combined with their small footprint, this makes them ideal candidates for on-chip optical computing.

Nanowire lasers
Semiconductor nanowire lasers are nano-scaled lasers that can be embedded on chips and constitute an advance for computing and information processing applications. Nanowire lasers are coherent light sources (single mode optical waveguides) as any other laser device, with the advantage of operating at the nanoscale. Built by molecular beam epitaxy, nanowire lasers offer the possibility for direct integration on silicon, and the construction of optical interconnects and data communication at the chip scale. Nanowire lasers are built from III–V semiconductor heterostructures. Their unique 1D configuration and high refractive index allow for low optical loss and recirculation in the active nanowire core region. This enables subwavelength laser sizes of only a few hundred nanometers. Nanowires are Fabry–Perot resonator cavities defined by the end facets of the wire, therefore they do not require polishing or cleaving for high-reflectivity facets as in conventional lasers.
Xiaogang station (Guangzhou Metro line 8)
Xiaogang station (Chinese: 晓港站) is a station on Line 8 of the Guangzhou Metro that started operation on 29 December 2002. It is located under Changgang Road East in Haizhu District of Guangzhou.

Before the extension to both lines 2 and 8 opened in September 2010, this station ran as part of Line 2 as a single line from Wanshengwei to Sanyuanli.

Sanyuanli station
Sanyuanli Station (Chinese: 三元里站; Jyutping: saam1 jyun4 lei2 zaam6; Cantonese Yale: Sāam'yùhnléi Jaahm) is a metro station of Line 2 of the Guangzhou Metro. It started operations on the 29th of December, 2002. It is located at Sanyuanli in Baiyun District. It is adjacent to the Sanyuanli Anti-British Resistance Monument (三元里抗英纪念碑), Sanyuanli Coach Terminal (三元里客运站), Guangzhou Airport Expressway (广州机场高速公路) and Jingzhu Expressway.
Wingate railway station
Wingate railway station is a suburban railway station in Lower Hutt, New Zealand, serving the Wingate industrial area and parts of Avalon, New Zealand, Naenae and Taitā suburbs. The station is located on the Hutt Valley section of the Wairarapa Line, 19.5 km (12.1 mi) north of Wellington. The station is served by Metlink's electric multiple unit trains of the "Matangi" FP class. Trains stopping at Wingate run to Wellington, Taitā and Upper Hutt.

The station has an island platform station between double tracks, linked via ramp south to the Wingate Overbridge and via an overbridge north to Rainey Grove (west) and Wingate Crescent (east).

Wellington railway station
Wellington railway station, Wellington Central station, or simply Wellington station, is the main railway station serving Wellington, New Zealand, and is the southern terminus of the North Island Main Trunk, Wairarapa Line and Johnsonville Line.

The station opened in June 1937, replacing the two previous Wellington termini, Lambton and Thorndon. The building was originally the head office of the New Zealand Railways Department or NZR. Today, the building houses the Wellington office of KiwiRail in the east wing of the building. Victoria University of Wellington occupies the west wing.

A number of alterations have been made to the railway station over the years. The building was registered on 25 September 1986 as a Category 1 Historic Place by Heritage New Zealand.
Silk City Diners
Silk City Diners was a division of the Paterson Wagon Company, later known at Paterson Vehicle Company, established by Everett Abbott Cooper and based in Paterson, New Jersey, which produced about 1,500 diners from 1926 until 1966. Each was tagged with the year and order in which it was built; for example, 5607 would be the seventh diner manufactured in 1956. Several have been listed on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP).

Paterson, New Jersey
Paterson (English pronunciation: /ˈpætɚsən/ ⓘ) is the largest city in and the county seat of Passaic County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, Paterson was the state's third-most-populous municipality, with a population of 159,732, an increase of 13,533 (+9.3%) from the 2010 census count of 146,199, which in turn reflected a decline of 3,023 (-2.0%) from the 149,222 counted in the 2000 census. The Census Bureau's Population Estimates Program calculated a population of 156,452 for 2023, making it the 168th-most populous municipality in the nation.

A prominent mill town within the New York–New Jersey metropolitan area, Paterson has been known as Silk City for its once-dominant role in silk production during the latter half of 19th century. It has since evolved into a major destination for Hispanic immigrants as well as for immigrants from Turkey, the Arab world, and South Asia. Paterson has the nation's second-largest per capita Muslim population.
Mutacin 1140
Mutacin 1140 is a bacteriocin produced by Streptococcus mutans.  It has activity against a broad spectrum of Gram-positive bacteria.  It is a member of the class of compounds known as lantibiotics.

Mutacin 1140 belongs to the epidermin subset of type Al lantibiotics. Molecules belonging to this family bind to lipid II which is a precursor to bacterial cell wall synthesis.

While the effects mutacin 1140 has against gram-positive bacteria are known, it remains difficult to study due to it demonstrating poor pharmacokinetics. Besides the poor pharmacokinetics, it is easily vulnerable to proteolytic degradation by interfering with the protein's peptide bonds.

Bacteriocin
Bacteriocins are proteinaceous or peptidic toxins produced by bacteria to inhibit the growth of similar or closely related bacterial strain(s). They are similar to yeast and paramecium killing factors, and are structurally, functionally, and ecologically diverse. Applications of bacteriocins are being tested to assess their application as narrow-spectrum antibiotics.

Bacteriocins were first discovered by André Gratia in 1925.  He was involved in the process of searching for ways to kill bacteria, which also resulted in the development of antibiotics and the discovery of bacteriophage, all within a span of a few years.  He called his first discovery a colicine because it was made by E. coli.
Castillo Formation, Venezuela
The Castillo Formation is an Early Miocene (Burdigalian, Colhuehuapian to Santacrucian in the SALMA classification) geologic formation in the Falcón Basin of Venezuela. The formation unconformably overlies the Matatere, Misoa, El Paují and Jarillal Formations. The Castillo Formation is overlain by Quaternary alluvium and in places by the Capadare Formation. The formation, deposited in a calm near-shore lagoonal brackish environment, with possibly fluvial influence, has provided a rich assemblage of fossil crocodylians, turtles, giant sloths and various types of fish.

Colhuehuapian
The Colhuehuapian age is a period of geologic time (21.0–17.5 Ma) within the Early Miocene epoch of the Neogene, used more specifically within the SALMA classification in South America. It follows the Deseadan and precedes the Santacrucian age.
Tornadoes of 1974
This page documents the tornadoes and tornado outbreaks of 1974, primarily in the United States. Most tornadoes form in the U.S., although some events may take place internationally. Tornado statistics for older years like this often appear significantly lower than modern years due to fewer reports or confirmed tornadoes.

Fujita scale
The Fujita scale (F-Scale; /fuˈdʒiːtə/), or Fujita–Pearson scale (FPP scale), is a scale for rating tornado intensity, based primarily on the damage tornadoes inflict on human-built structures and vegetation. The official Fujita scale category is determined by meteorologists and engineers after a ground or aerial damage survey, or both; and depending on the circumstances, ground-swirl patterns (cycloidal marks), weather radar data, witness testimonies, media reports and damage imagery, as well as photogrammetry or videogrammetry if motion picture recording is available. The Fujita scale, named for the meteorologist Ted Fujita, was replaced with the Enhanced Fujita scale (EF-Scale) in the United States in February 2007. In April 2013, Canada adopted the EF-Scale over the Fujita scale along with 31 "Specific Damage Indicators" used by Environment Canada (EC) in their ratings.
Judsonia Bridge
The Judsonia Bridge is a historic bridge, carrying Van Buren Street (County Road 66) across the Little Red River on the south side of Judsonia, Arkansas. It is a three-span metal truss swing bridge, with a total structure length of 397 feet (121 m). Its center span is 266 feet (81 m) long, and is mounted on a pivot on a central pier. It and the two approach trusses are all Warren trusses. Built in 1924, it is one of three known swing bridges in the state, and the only one with a cantilevered swinging truss. It was closed to traffic in 2007, and reopened in 2013 after restoration.

The bridge was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1990.

Judsonia, Arkansas
Judsonia is a city in White County, Arkansas, United States. Stan Robinson is the current mayor, first elected in 2018. The population was 1,854 at the 2020 census. The city is located immediately northeast of neighboring Searcy, and north of the Little Red River before it turns southeast toward the White River.
Steven J. Law
Steven J. Law is president and CEO of One Nation and American Crossroads, president of its sister organization Crossroads GPS, and president of the Super PAC Senate Leadership Fund.  He previously held the position of Chief Legal Officer and General Counsel at the U.S. Chamber of Commerce. He served as Deputy Secretary of Labor in the administration of U.S. President George W. Bush. In 2005, Law chaired the President's Management Council Subcommittee on E-Government.

Law is a Phi Beta Kappa honors graduate of the University of California at Davis, and a graduate of Columbia Law School.

United States Deputy Secretary of Labor
The United States deputy secretary of labor is the second-highest-ranking official in the United States Department of Labor. In the United States federal government, the deputy secretary oversees the day-to-day operation of the Department of Labor, and may act as secretary of labor during the absence of the secretary. The deputy secretary is appointed by the President with the advice and consent of the Senate and the Senate Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions Committee.
Keith Sonderling was confirmed on March 13, 2025 to the position.
Cadogan, Alberta
Cadogan is a hamlet in central Alberta, Canada within the Municipal District of Provost No. 52. Previously an incorporated municipality, Cadogan dissolved from village status on January 1, 1946 to become part of the Municipal District of Hillcrest No. 362.

Cadogan is located 9 kilometres (5.6 mi) south of Highway 13, approximately 110 kilometres (68 mi) southwest of Lloydminster.

Municipal District of Provost No. 52
The Municipal District of Provost No. 52 is a municipal district (MD) in east-central Alberta, Canada, on the Alberta/Saskatchewan border. Located in Census Division No. 7, its municipal office is located in the Town of Provost.
Tanu, Canada
Tanu (Haida: T'aanuu llnagaay) is a traditional Haida village site located on Tanu Island, Haida Gwaii, opposite of Kung'a Island in Laskeek Bay, within the Gwaii Haanas National Park Reserve and Haida Heritage Site.

The village site is designated as a National Historic Site of Canada.

Haida people
The Haida (English:  /ˈhaɪdə/, Haida: X̱aayda, X̱aadas, X̱aad, X̱aat) are an Indigenous peoples of the Pacific Northwest Coast of North America. They constitute one of 203 First Nations in British Columbia and 231 federally recognized tribes in Alaska.

Their traditional territory include Haida Gwaii, an archipelago off the coast of British Columbia, and the southern half of Prince of Wales Island, in Southeast Alaska. Their language is Haida, a linguistic isolate. The Haida are known for their craftsmanship, trading skills, and seamanship. They are known to have frequently carried out raids and to have practiced slavery.

In Canada, the Haida are represented by Council of the Haida Nation (CHN), in addition to the two village band governments, Old Massett Village Council and Skidegate Band Council. Federally recognized Haida tribes in the United States include the Central Council of the Tlingit & Haida Indian Tribes of Alaska and the Hydaburg Cooperative Association.
Marco Cornaro (1406–1479)
Marco Cornaro or Marco Corner (1406–1479) was a merchant, politician and diplomat of the Cornaro family of the Republic of Venice. He had already earned great wealth and made a prestigious marriage before entering politics in middle age. He was deeply involved commercially and politically in the Kingdom of Cyprus. In 1457, he was sentenced to exile from Venice for two years. He spent the next nine years in Cyprus. His daughter, Catherine, became queen of Cyprus in 1468. His grandson, James III, became king in 1473–1474, but died in infancy. In 1474–1476, Cornaro was in Cyprus to stabilize his daughter's rule. He was one of the electors of the doge in 1476 and 1478.

Provveditore
The Italian title prov[v]editore (plural provveditori; also known in Greek: προνοητής, προβλεπτής; Serbo-Croatian: providur), "he who sees to things" (overseer), was the style of various (but not all) local district governors in the extensive, mainly maritime empire of the Republic of Venice. Like many political appointments, it was often held by noblemen as a stage in their career, usually for a few years.
Variance Adaptive Quantization
Variance Adaptive Quantization (VAQ) is a video encoding algorithm that was first introduced in the open source video encoder x264. According to Xvid Builds FAQ: "It's an algorithm that tries to optimally choose a quantizer for each macroblock using advanced math algorithms." It was later ported to programs which encode video content in other video standards, like MPEG-4 ASP or MPEG-2.

In the case of Xvid, the algorithm is intended to make up for the earlier limitations in its Adaptive Quantization mode. The first Xvid library containing this improvement was released in February 2008.

MPEG-2
MPEG-2 (a.k.a. H.222/H.262 as was defined by the ITU) is a standard for "the generic coding of moving pictures and associated audio information". It describes a combination of lossy video compression and lossy audio data compression methods, which permit storage and transmission of movies using currently available storage media and transmission bandwidth. While MPEG-2 is not as efficient as newer standards such as H.264/AVC and H.265/HEVC, backwards compatibility with existing hardware and software means it is still widely used, for example in over-the-air digital television broadcasting and in the DVD-Video standard.
Donegal Progressive Party
The Donegal Progressive Party was a minor political party in the Republic of Ireland.

The party drew its support mostly from the unionist and Protestant community in eastern County Donegal. It was opposed to a united Ireland. At the 1973 general election, the party's leader advised Protestants to vote for Fianna Fáil, as it had "the most stable policy" on the border question. Throughout the 1980s and 1990s, the party held a single seat on Donegal County Council, but it lost this at the 1999 local elections. The party was registered to contest local elections only.

Jim Devenney, a butcher and member of the East Donegal Ulster Scots Association and the former deputy chairman of the Ulster-Scots Agency, was the party's final representative. He contested Donegal North-East at the 1992 and 1997 general elections, and stood in Letterkenny again in 2004. The party was removed from the Register of Political Parties in November 2009.

Donegal County Council
Donegal County Council (Irish: Comhairle Contae Dhún na nGall) is the authority responsible for local government in County Donegal, Ireland. As a county council, it is governed by the Local Government Act 2001. The council is responsible for housing and community, roads and transportation, urban planning and development, amenity and culture, and environment. It has 37 elected members. Elections are held every five years and are by single transferable vote. The head of the council has the title of Cathaoirleach (chairperson). The county administration is headed by a chief executive, John McLaughlin. The county town is Lifford.
2008 Asian Men's Handball Championship
The 2008 Asian Men's Handball Championship was the 13th Asian Championship, which was taking place from 17 to 26 February 2008 in Isfahan, Iran. The championship was held in Isfahan's Pirouzi Arena and acted as the Asian qualifying tournament for the 2009 World Men's Handball Championship in Croatia.

Asian Men's Handball Championship
The Asian Men's Handball Championship is the official competition for senior national handball teams of Asia (since 2018, also includes teams from Oceania), and takes place every two years. In addition to crowning the Asian champions, International Handball Federation (IHF) and Asian Handball Federation (AHF) the tournament also serves as a qualifying tournament for the World Championship.