hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
James Ewing Mears
James Ewing Mears, also J. Ewing Mears M.D., LL.D. (October 17, 1838 – May 28, 1919) was a surgeon and author. He was a pioneer in jaw and mouth surgeries. He was the first to propose the use of Gasserian ganglionectomy for the treatment of trigeminal neuralgia. He was the first surgeon in the United States to successfully perform a subcutaneous osteotomy for the relief of old dislocations. He was the first to open the peritoneal cavity to drain pus. He was professor of anatomy and clinical surgery at the Pennsylvania College of Dental Surgery and demonstrator of surgery at Jefferson Medical College. He was a charter member of the American Surgical Association and became its president in 1894.

Pus
Pus is an exudate, typically white-yellow, yellow, or yellow-brown, formed at the site of inflammation during infections, regardless of cause. An accumulation of pus in an enclosed tissue space is known as an abscess, whereas a visible collection of pus within or beneath the epidermis is known as a pustule, pimple or spot.
Xiafs
Xiafs was a file system for the Linux kernel which was conceived and developed by Ge (Frank) Xia and was based on the MINIX file system. Today it is obsolete and not in use, except possibly in some historic installations.

MINIX file system
The Minix file system is the native file system of the Minix operating system. It was written by Andrew S. Tanenbaum in the 1980s and aimed to replicate the structure of the Unix File System while omitting complex features, and was intended to be a teaching aid. It largely fell out of favour among Linux users by 1994 due to the popularity of other filesystems - most notably ext2 - and its lack of features, including limited partition sizes and filename length limits.
War Memorial Building, Belfast
The War Memorial Building is a grade B2 listed building in Belfast, Northern Ireland.  The building, modernist in design, was constructed in 1959–1962 on the site of a hotel destroyed during the 1941 Belfast Blitz.  The building was formally opened by Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother and housed organisations and charities related to the British armed forces.  The site currently lies empty and has been placed on the Heritage at Risk Register.  The current owners have applied for permission to convert the building into a 120-bedroom hotel.

Heritage at Risk Register
An annual Heritage at Risk Register is published by Historic England. The survey is used by national and local government, a wide range of individuals and heritage groups to establish the extent of risk and to help assess priorities for action and funding decisions. This heritage-at-risk data is one of the UK government's official statistics.

Heritage at risk is term for cultural heritage assets that are at risk as a result of neglect, decay, or inappropriate development; or are vulnerable to becoming so.
LVII Maria Canals International Music Competition
The LVII Maria Canals International Music Competition took place in Barcelona, Spain from March 19 to April 1, 2011. It was won by Mateusz Borowiak, who followed the steps of Andrzej Jasinski (1960) and Piotr Machnik (2004) as the third Polish pianist to win the competition. Russian pianists Alexey Lebedev and Alexey Chernov were awarded the 2nd and 3rd prize respectively, the former winning also the Audience Prize.

Maria Canals International Music Competition
The Maria Canals International Music Competition (Catalan: Concurs Internacional de Música Maria Canals Barcelona, IPA: [kuŋˈkuɾs intəɾnəsi.uˈnal də ˈmuzikə məˈɾi.ə kəˈnalz βəɾsəˈlonə]) is a music competition held yearly in the Palau de la Música Catalana, Barcelona. It was founded as a piano competition in 1954, but in 1964 it was expanded so other modalities could be held occasionally.

It was founded in 1954 by the Catalan pianist Maria Remei Canals i Cendrós (1913–2010) and her husband, the composer and writer Rossend Llates (1899–1973).  Since 1954, the Competition has welcomed over 7,000 participants from 100 countries and 180 jury members from all over the world. It became a member of the World Federation of International Music Competitions in 1958.

The Maria Canals competition, for which artists such as Joan Miró, Antoni Tàpies and Joan Clavé have made publicity posters, was declared to be of public utility by the Spanish Interior Ministry in 1996.
SWAPGS (security vulnerability)
SWAPGS, also known as Spectre variant 1, is a computer security vulnerability that utilizes the branch prediction used in modern microprocessors. Most processors use a form of speculative execution, this feature allows the processors to make educated guesses about the instructions that will most likely need to be executed in the near future. This speculation can leave traces in the cache, which attackers use to extract data using a timing attack, similar to side-channel exploitation of Spectre.

The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures ID issued to this vulnerability is CVE-2019-1125.

Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures
The Common Vulnerabilities and Exposures (CVE) system, originally Common Vulnerability Enumeration, provides a reference method for publicly known information-security vulnerabilities and exposures. The United States' Homeland Security Systems Engineering and Development Institute FFRDC, operated by The MITRE Corporation, maintains the system, with funding from the US National Cyber Security Division of the US Department of Homeland Security. The system was officially launched for the public in September 1999.

The Security Content Automation Protocol uses CVE, and CVE IDs are listed on MITRE's system as well as the basis for the US National Vulnerability Database.
Jeftimije Popović
Jeftimije Popović (1792 - 1876) was a Serbian painter whose work is representative of the Neo-Classicism style of the period. He started out as a portrait painter, though later commissions for religious themes took precedence.

His works are the iconostases in Vranjevo (1834), Nadalj, Beska (1840) and the one in the village church in Grgeteg. The portraits he painted for the palace of the Patriarchate of Karlovci were lost during the turbulent times that followed.

Nadalj
Nadalj (Serbian Cyrillic: Надаљ) is a village located in the Srbobran municipality, in the South Bačka District of Serbia. It is situated in the Autonomous Province of Vojvodina. The village has a Serb ethnic majority and its population numbering 2,202 people (2002 census).
Mateusz Bieniek
Mateusz Bieniek (born 5 April 1994) is a Polish professional volleyball player who plays as a middle blocker for Aluron CMC Warta Zawiercie and the Poland national team. With Poland, Bieniek won the 2018 World Champion title and took part in 3 Olympic Games – Rio 2016, Tokyo 2020 and Paris 2024, winning a silver medal at the latter.

Warta Zawiercie (volleyball)
Warta Zawiercie, officially known for sponsorship reasons as Aluron CMC Warta Zawiercie, is a professional men's volleyball club based in Zawiercie in southern Poland.

The club was founded in 1972 and reestablished in 2011. Since the 2017–18 season, Warta Zawiercie has been playing in PlusLiga, the highest level league of Polish volleyball.
Lepraria nothofagi
Lepraria nothofagi is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling) dust lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. This species forms a thick, powdery white to ivory crust that reproduces exclusively through dust-like soredia, as it never develops the cup-shaped fruiting bodies (apothecia) common in many other lichens. Chemical analysis reveals a consistent profile of secondary metabolites, including atranorin, porphyrilic acid, and strepsilin, the last of which produces a characteristic green reaction when tested with calcium hypochlorite (bleach), providing a useful field identification method.

Strepsilin
Strepsilin is a chemical found in lichens. It produces an emerald green colour in the C test. It is a dibenzofuran dimer, with hydroxy, oxy and methyl side groups. It is named after Cladonia strepsilis. Strepsilin was discovered by Wilhelm Zopf in 1903. The structure of strepsilin was determined by Shoji Shibata.
Conor Pass (horse)
Conor Pass (28 February 1970 – after 1988) was an Irish Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was a durable and consistent campaigner who ran at least 29 times in his three-year track career. As a juvenile in 1972 he won two minor events and was placed in several good races including the Railway Stakes. In the following year he was tried over a wide variety of distances, winning handicaps over seven furlongs and one mile before recording his biggest win in the Irish St Leger over one and three-quarter miles. He remained in training as a four-year-old and won two races including a Group 2 contest at Leopardstown Racecourse. After his retirement from racing he became a breeding stallion in Poland and had some success as a sire of winners.

Railway Stakes (Ireland)
The Railway Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Ireland open to two-year-old thoroughbreds. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late June or early July.
Jianquan Taijiquan Association
The Jianquan Taijiquan Association (Chinese: 鑑泉太極拳社) is a well known school teaching Wu-style tai chi.

It was founded in 1935 by Wu Jianquan in Shanghai, and in the beginning operated out of the Shanghai YMCA. In 1937 Wu Kung-tsao opened a school in the British colony of Hong Kong during the Second Sino-Japanese War (1937–1945) in response to the ban on Chinese martial arts instituted by the Japanese. In 1942, when Wu Jianquan died, his oldest son Wu Gongyi became head of the Association, eventually moving its headquarters to the Hong Kong school where it has continued uninterrupted to this day. In English the Hong Kong branch and its subsidiaries call themselves "Wu's T'ai Chi Ch'uan Academies."

Wu Jianquan's daughter Wu Yinghua and his eldest disciple Ma Yueliang led the branch in Shanghai after 1949. The Shanghai school fell under the ban on "feudalistic practices" with the beginning of the Cultural Revolution. Only in 1980 were they able to officially reopen.

Wu Kung-tsao
Wu Kung-tsao or Wu Gongzao (1902–1983) was a famous Chinese teacher of tai chi. He taught in Beijing, Shanghai, Changsha and Hong Kong. He was the second son of Wu Jianquan, the best known teacher of Wu-style tai chi, and the grandson of Wu Quanyou, the first teacher of Wu-style tai chi. Wu Kung-tsao was the younger brother of Wu Gongyi and the older brother of Wu Yinghua. The Wu family were originally of Manchu ancestry.
2017 Oceania U18 Athletics Championships
The 2017 Oceania U18 Athletics Championships were held at the ANZ Stadium in Suva, Fiji, between June 28 and July 1, 2017. They were held together with the 2017 Oceania Senior Championships and the 2017 Oceania U20 Athletics Championships.

2017 Oceania Athletics Championships
The 2017 Oceania Athletics Championships were held at the ANZ Stadium in Suva, Fiji between June 28 and July 1, 2017. The event was held jointly with the Oceania under 18 and under 20 championships, including exhibition events for masters and for athletes with disabilities (parasports).
Saskatchewan Highway 641
Highway 641 is a 600-series municipal highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 39 near Rouleau north to Highway 15 at Semans. It is about 153.3 kilometres (95.3 mi) long. The highway intersects the Trans-Canada Highway south of Pense and east of Belle Plaine, Highway 20 at Lumsden, and Highway 22 at Earl Grey. Local Improvement Districts were the precursors of rural municipalities which initially established and maintained roads in their area. Early settlers helped to construct and maintain the route and would get paid road improvement wages from the local rural municipality. The 8 kilometres (5.0 mi) concurrency between Highway 20 and Highway 641 was constructed in 1927 following the removal of the Canadian National Railway line between Lumsden and Craven. The remainder of the road followed Dominion land survey township and range lines.

Pense, Saskatchewan
Pense is a town of 603 residents (2021 census) in the southern part of Saskatchewan, Canada. Heading west from Regina on the Trans Canada Highway, Pense is the first community with services. Other communities in the area include Grand Coulee, Belle Plaine, Disley, and Rouleau. Pense is approximately 30 kilometres (19 mi) from the city of Regina.
Resting Spring Range
The Resting Spring Range is found in the eastern Mojave Desert of California near the Nevada state line in the United States. The range lies in a generally north–south direction to the west of the Nopah Range and southeast of the Amargosa Range and Greenwater Range.

The mountains in Inyo County, California, lie between the Amargosa River and California State Route 127 to the west and Stewart and Chicago valleys and California State Route 178 to the east.

Greenwater Range
The Greenwater Range is a mountain range located in the eastern Mojave Desert in Inyo County, California. They are located west of the section of California State Route 127 north of  Shoshone, California.
Jeff Witte
Jeff Witte (born December 26, 1965) is an American politician serving in the Minnesota House of Representatives since 2023. A member of the Republican Party of Minnesota, Witte represents District 57B in the southern Twin Cities metropolitan area, which includes the city of Lakeville and parts of Dakota County.

Lakeville, Minnesota
Lakeville (/ˈleɪkvɪl/) is the largest city in Dakota County, Minnesota, United States. An exurb within the Minneapolis–Saint Paul metropolitan area, it is about 20 miles (32 km) south of both downtown Minneapolis and downtown St. Paul along Interstate 35. The population was 69,490 at the 2020 census, making it the ninth-most populous city in Minnesota.

Lakeville was founded in 1855. It was once a flourishing milling center; its agriculture industry and other major industries are still in operation. The city first became notable in 1910 when Marion Savage built the Dan Patch Railroad Line to serve his Antlers Amusement Park. Lakeville is one of the fastest-growing cities in the Twin Cities area. While many of its workers commute within the metropolitan area, Lakeville has had its own industrial presence since the 1960s. This includes Airlake Industrial Park, which is served by Airlake Airport, a regional reliever airport.
Equiano (horse)
Equiano (foaled 27 February 2005) is a French-bred Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. A specialist sprinter, he began his racing career in Spain where he won two races as a two-year-old in 2007. He began his second season in France, winning the Listed Prix des Sorbiers before being sent to England where he recorded an upset victory in the Group One King's Stand Stakes at Royal Ascot. He was then relocated to England but failed to win in 2009 before returning to his best form as a five-year-old in 2010. In that year he won the Abernant Stakes and the Palace House Stakes before winning the King's Stand Stakes for a second time. After his retirement from racing he became a breeding stallion and had had some success as a sire of winners.

Abernant Stakes
The Abernant Stakes is a Group 3 flat horse race in Great Britain open to horses aged three years or older. It is run over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres) on the Rowley Mile at Newmarket in mid-April.
Kerrininna, New South Wales
Kerrininna, New South Wales is a remote rural locality and civil Parish, of  the Thoulcanna County a cadasteral division of New South Wales. Kerrininna Parish is on the Paroo River south of Hungerford, Queensland.

Hungerford, Queensland
Hungerford is an outback town in the Shire of Bulloo and a locality in the Shire of Bulloo and Shire of Paroo, South West Queensland, Australia. The town and locality are on the Queensland border with New South Wales (which is also the  Dingo fence).

In the 2021 census, the locality of Hungerford had a population of 19 people. The locality of Hungerford on the New South Wales side of the border had a population of 15.

Hungerford will be the site of a total solar eclipse on 22 July 2028.
Monzo
Monzo Bank Limited, trading as Monzo (/ˈmɒnzoʊ/), is a British online bank based in London. Monzo launched as part of a wave of app-based challenger banks entering the UK market.

Originally operating through a mobile app and a prepaid debit card, in April 2017 its UK banking licence restrictions were lifted, enabling it to offer a full current account. As of August 2025, Monzo reported having more than 12.5 million personal banking customers. Their most recent financial results, issued in June 2025, showed an annual net profit of £94.5 million (an increase from the £8.7 million in the previous year) on revenue of £1.2B.

Challenger bank
Challenger banks are small, recently created retail banks that compete directly with the longer-established banks in the UK, sometimes by specialising in areas underserved by the "big four" banks (Barclays, HSBC, Lloyds Banking Group, and NatWest Group). As well as new entrants to the market, some challenger banks were created following divestment from larger banking groups (TSB Bank from Lloyds Banking Group) or wind-down of a failed large bank (Virgin Money from Northern Rock).

The banks distinguish themselves from the historic banks by modern financial technology practices, such as online-only operations, that avoid the costs and complexities of traditional banking.
Virgilio Caballero Pedraza
Virgilio Dante Caballero Pedraza (24 February 1942 – 25 March 2019) was a Mexican journalist, media researcher and politician. He served as a federal deputy from 2015 to 2018 in the 63rd Congress and as a deputy to the Congress of Mexico City, in addition to having enjoyed a long career in media.

Congress of Mexico City
19°26′12″N 99°08′16″W﻿ / ﻿19.4366°N 99.1377°W﻿ / 19.4366; -99.1377

The Congress of Mexico City (Spanish: Congreso de la Ciudad de México) is the legislative branch of the government of Mexico City. Between 1988 and 1997, it was known as the Assembly of Representatives of the Federal District (Spanish: Asamblea de Representantes del Distrito Federal). Between 1997 and 2018, it was styled the Legislative Assembly of the Federal District (Spanish: Asamblea Legislativa del Distrito Federal. During those earlier periods, it had reduced powers compared to the current body.
Gasho of Japan
Gasho of Japan (also Gasho Hibachi Steakhouse) was a chain of Japanese-style steakhouse restaurants located in Central Valley, New York, Hawthorne, New York, Hauppauge, New York, Ridgefield, New Jersey, and Denver, Colorado. Restaurants were known for teppanyaki steak dinners and entertaining chefs performing theatrical knife-work. In 2003, five Gasho of Japan restaurants were doing business under the name.

The original Gasho of Japan restaurants were opened by Shiro Aoki, younger brother of Hiroaki "Rocky" Aoki, who opened the first Benihana restaurants in the United States.

Teppanyaki
Teppanyaki (鉄板焼き, teppan-yaki; pronounced [teppaɰ̃jakʲi]) is a post-World War II style of Japanese cuisine that uses an iron griddle to cook food. The word teppanyaki is derived from teppan (鉄板), the metal plate on which it is cooked, and yaki (焼き), which means grilled, broiled, or pan-fried. In Japan, teppanyaki refers to dishes cooked using a teppan, including steak, shrimp, okonomiyaki, yakisoba, and monjayaki.

Teppan are typically propane-heated and flat-surfaced, and they are often used to cook food in front of guests at restaurants. In the USA, they are commonly called hibachi though that refers to a type of grill in Japan, including a shichirin in Japanese, which has a charcoal or gas flame and is made with an open grate design. With a solid griddle-type cook surface, the teppan is capable of cooking small or semisolid  ingredients such as rice, egg and finely chopped vegetables.
Gregg McNally
Gregg McNally (born 2 January 1991) is a former Ireland international rugby league footballer who played as a fullback for Rochdale Hornets in the RFL League 1. He has played at representative level for England (Academy, 2008 tour of Australia) he started his career at  Kells, and at club level for Whitehaven (three spells, including the second during 2009, and the third during 2010 on loan from Huddersfield Giants), Huddersfield Giants, Oldham (dual registration), Barrow Raiders (loan), Leigh Centurions, (two spells), Whitehaven RLFC and in the Betfred Championship for Bradford Bulls, as a goal-kicking fullback, stand-off or scrum-half.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
Reg Cantelon
Reginald W. Cantelon (24 September 1902 – 2 September 1993) was a Progressive Conservative Party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Indian Head, Northwest Territories and became a school principal and teacher by career.

He was first elected at the Kindersley riding in the 1963 general election after an unsuccessful attempt to win the riding in the 1957 election. Cantelon was re-elected in the 1965, but defeated by Rod Thomson of the New Democratic Party in the 1968 election, when Cantelon's riding was changed to Battleford—Kindersley.

Rod Thomson
Roderick John Thomson (5 February 1924 – 26 December 1994) was a New Democratic Party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a farmer by career.

Rod Thomson was first elected at the Battleford—Kindersley riding in the 1968 general election after an unsuccessful attempt to win the Rosetown—Biggar riding in the 1963 election. After serving his only term, the 28th Canadian Parliament, Thomson was defeated at Battleford—Kindersley by Norval Horner of the Progressive Conservative party in the 1972 election. Thomson also campaigned for a seat there in the 1974 election, but he and Horner were both defeated on that occasion by Cliff McIsaac of the Liberal Party. He died on 26 December 1994 at the age of 70.
FB Glauberyt
The PM-84 Glauberyt (Polish for glauberite) is a Polish submachine gun. It is a personal weapon intended for combat and self-defence at ranges up to 150 m with single shot or fully automatic fire mode. It features a compact design, minimum overall dimensions, small weight, very good accuracy, and fire stability. It is designed for heavy weapons platoons personnel and reconnaissance detachments, special anti-terrorist and police troops.

In service with the Polish military and police it replaced the earlier PM-63 RAK submachine gun.

Škorpion
The Škorpion vz. 61 (or Sa vz. 61 Skorpion) is a Czechoslovak machine pistol developed in 1959 by Miroslav Rybář (1924–1970) and produced under the official designation Samopal vzor 61 ("submachine gun model 1961") by the Česká zbrojovka arms factory in Uherský Brod from 1963 to 1979. The standard version uses .32 ACP ammunition.