hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cry of Pugad Lawin
The Cry of Pugad Lawin (Filipino: Sigaw sa Pugad Lawin, Spanish: Grito de Pugad Lawin) was the beginning of the Philippine Revolution against the Spanish Empire.

In late August 1896, members of the Katipunan led by Andrés Bonifacio revolted somewhere around Caloocan, which included parts of present-day Quezon City.

Originally the term cry referred to the first clash between the Katipuneros and the Civil Guards (Guardia Civil). The cry could also refer to the tearing up of community tax certificates (cédulas personales)  in defiance of their allegiance to Spain. This was literally accompanied by patriotic shouts.

Because accounts of the event vary, the exact date and place of the event is unknown.  From 1908 until 1963, the event was thought to have occurred on August 26 in Balintawak. In 1963, the Philippine government declared August 23 to be the date of the event in Quezon City.

National Historical Commission of the Philippines
The National Historical Commission of the Philippines (NHCP; Filipino: Pambansang Komisyong Pangkasaysayan ng Pilipinas) is a government agency of the Philippines. Its mission is "the promotion of Philippine history and cultural heritage through research, dissemination, conservation, sites management and heraldry works." As such, it "aims to inculcate awareness and appreciation of the noble deeds and ideals of our heroes and other illustrious Filipinos, to instill pride in the Filipino people and to rekindle the Filipino spirit through the lessons of history."
StarDance (Czech TV series) season 5
The fifth season of StarDance (Czech Republic) debuted on Česká televize on November 3, 2012. Eight celebrities were paired with eight professional ballroom dancers. Marek Eben and Tereza Kostková were the hosts for this season.

StarDance (Czech TV series)
StarDance... Když hvězdy tančí (lit. 'StarDance... When Stars Dance') is the Czech version of the British reality TV competition Strictly Come Dancing and part of the Dancing with the Stars franchise. Eleven seasons were broadcast by Czech Television, hosted by Marek Eben and Tereza Kostková.

A ninth season aired in summer 2018 with ten celebrities competing. StarDance is among the most viewed Czech television programmes with 1.48 million viewers in average in 2018.

A thirteenth season was announced in 2024 with these celebrities:

Actress Marta Dancingerová

Actress Jana Paulová

Fighter Martina Ptáčková

Chef Ta Thuy Dung

Singer, actress Lucie Vondráčková

Actor Filip Blažek

Writer Patrik Hartl

Actor Oskar Hes

Cyclist Jiří Ježek

Singer Ondřej Ruml
Yanapaccha
Yanapaccha (possibly from Quechua yana black, phaqcha waterfall, "black waterfall") is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca in the Andes of Peru, about 5,460 metres (17,913 ft) high. It is situated in the Ancash Region, Yungay Province, in the districts Yanama and Yungay. Yanapaccha lies in the Huascarán National Park, southeast of Chacraraju.

Chacraraju
Chacraraju or Chakraraju (possibly from Quechua chakra little farm; field, land sown with seed, rahu snow, ice, mountain with snow) is a mountain in the Cordillera Blanca range in the Andes of Peru. The mountain has two distinctive peaks: Chacraraju Oeste (west summit; 6,108 metres (20,039 ft)) and Chacraraju Este (east summit; 6,001 metres (19,688 ft)). Chacraraju is located in Huaylas Province, Ancash; south and southeast of Pirámide and east of Lake Parón. The peak is accessible from the Pisco base camp at Cebollapampa.

Chacraraju is considered the steepest and the most difficult-to-climb six-thousander in the Andes. A French expedition led by Lionel Terray first climbed the mountain on 31 July 1956 (Chakrarahu Oeste) and on 5 August 1962 (Chakrarahu Este) using what have since become the normal routes (northeast face and northeast ridge). Greg Mortimer was badly injured during a later attempt to climb the mountain.
Cursive script (East Asia)
Cursive script (simplified Chinese: 草书; traditional Chinese: 草書; pinyin: cǎoshū; Japanese: 草書体, sōshotai; Korean: 초서, choseo; Vietnamese: thảo thư), often referred to as grass script, is a script style used in Chinese and East Asian calligraphy. It is an umbrella term for the cursive variants of the clerical script and the regular script.

The cursive script functions primarily as a kind of shorthand script or calligraphic style and is faster to write than other styles, but it can be difficult to read for those unfamiliar with it because of its abstraction and alteration of character structures. People who can read only standard or printed forms of Chinese or related scripts may have difficulty reading the cursive script.

Chinese script styles
Chinese characters may be written using several major historical styles, which developed organically over the history of Chinese script. There are also various major regional styles associated with various modern and historical polities.
L. B. Liddy
Lucius B. (L. B.) Liddy (August 22, 1905 – April 2, 1990) was an American politician from the state of Iowa.

Liddy was born in Strawberry Point, Iowa in 1905. He was appointed Secretary of Agriculture of Iowa on June 19, 1961, five days after his predecessor, Clyde Spry, died (June 14). Liddy served out the remaining of Spry's term until himself being elected in the same position for the 1963 to 1965 term. As Democrats swept the polls in Iowa for the 1965 to 1967 term, he was succeeded by Kenneth Owen. When Republicans regained control, Liddy in turn succeeded Owen for the 1967 to 1969 term, as well as the 1969 to 1971 and 1971 to 1973 terms. In January 1973, Liddy was succeeded by his deputy, Robert H. Lounsberry. Liddy died in Des Moines, Iowa in 1990. He was married with three children.

Secretary of Agriculture of Iowa
The secretary of agriculture of Iowa is an elected position in government of the U.S. state of Iowa that was created in 1923 by the extra session of the 40th General Assembly. The secretary of agriculture heads the Iowa Department of Agriculture and Land Stewardship, which is responsible for managing land and helping farmers in the state.
Juan Carlos Plata
Juan Carlos Plata (born 1 January 1971), nicknamed El Pin or Pin Plata, is a Guatemalan professional football manager and former player who played as a striker. He is the highest-scoring player in the history of Guatemala's top division. As of January 2010, Plata has, except for Marc Lloyd-Williams, been the most prolific scorer among all active players in the world in top division leagues, and is among the top 60 goalscorers of all time in the world according to the International Federation of Football History & Statistics.

He is also the second-highest goalscorer in the history of the Guatemala national team behind Carlos Ruiz.

Plata played all of his professional club career for C.S.D. Municipal and is also the all-time top goalscorer for that club; he has broken virtually every scoring record associated with professional football in Guatemala. He also has won 15 domestic league titles, 5 domestic cup titles, and 2 international titles playing for Municipal.

Liga Bantrab
The Liga Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala, officially known as the Liga Bantrab for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league in Guatemala and the highest level of the Guatemalan football league system. It is controlled by the Federación Nacional de Fútbol de Guatemala and contested by 12 teams.
Gmina Cegłów
Gmina Cegłów is an urban-rural gmina (administrative district) in Mińsk County, Masovian Voivodeship, in east-central Poland. Its seat is the town of Cegłów, which lies approximately 13 kilometres (8 mi) east of Mińsk Mazowiecki and 51 km (32 mi) east of Warsaw.

The gmina covers an area of 95.74 square kilometres (37.0 sq mi), and as of 2006 its total population is 6,369 (6,180 in 2013).

Mińsk Mazowiecki
Mińsk Mazowiecki (Polish pronunciation: [ˈmij̃sk mazɔˈvjɛtskʲi] ⓘ, lit. 'Masovian Minsk') is a town in eastern Poland with 40,999 inhabitants (2020). It is situated in the Masovian Voivodeship and is a part of the Warsaw metropolitan area. It is the capital of Mińsk County. Located 20 kilometers from the city limits of Warsaw and 38 kilometers from Warsaw's center.
Hiroyuki Nakajima
Hiroyuki Nakajima (中島 裕之, Nakajima Hiroyuki; born July 31, 1982), nicknamed "Nakaji",  is a Japanese professional baseball infielder for the Mid East Falcons of Baseball United. He played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Saitama Seibu Lions, Orix Buffaloes, Yomiuri Giants, and Chunichi Dragons.

Nakajima played for the Japanese national team in the 2008 Beijing Olympics and the 2009 World Baseball Classic. After the 2011 season, the Lions posted Nakajima to Major League Baseball, but Nakajima failed to reach an agreement with the New York Yankees. After the 2012 season, he signed a two-year contract with the Athletics. After spending two years in Minor League Baseball, Nakajima returned to Japan with Buffaloes in 2015. He played for them through 2018, before joining the Giants.

Batting (baseball)
In baseball, batting is the act of facing the opposing pitcher and trying to produce offense for one's team. A batter or hitter is a person whose turn it is to face the pitcher. The three main goals of batters are to become a baserunner, to drive runners home or to advance runners along the bases for others to drive home, but the techniques and strategies they use to do so vary. Hitting uses a motion which is virtually unique to baseball and its fellow bat-and-ball sports, one that is rarely used in other sports. Hitting is unique because it involves rotating in the horizontal plane of movement, unlike most sports movements which occur in the vertical plane.
1989 Philippine coup attempt
The 1989 Philippine coup attempt was the most serious attempted coup d'état against the government of Philippine President Corazon Aquino and part of a series of coup attempts against her. It was staged beginning December 1, 1989, by members of the Armed Forces of the Philippines belonging to the Reform the Armed Forces Movement (RAM) and soldiers loyal to former President Ferdinand Marcos. Metro Manila was shaken by this Christmas-time coup, which almost seized Malacañang Palace. It was completely defeated by the Philippine government by December 9, 1989.

Villamor Air Base
Colonel Jesus Villamor Air Base, known simply as Villamor Air Base (IATA: MNL, ICAO: RPLL), is the headquarters of the Philippine Air Force (PAF) and shares runways with Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA). It was formerly known as Nichols Field or Nichols Air Base. Chiefly used as a PAF transport/helicopter airbase, the Maharlika Hall located at the base is used by the president and vice president of the Philippines when departing for foreign or domestic trips. Also, foreign dignitaries visiting Manila would usually arrive at the air base.

The base is named after Filipino World War II pilot Jesús A. Villamor.
Katanga Cross
A Katanga cross (French: croisette du Katanga), also called a handa, is a cast copper ingot in the shape of an equal-armed cross which was once used as a form of currency in parts of what is now the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in the 19th and early 20th centuries. Katanga crosses were made in various sizes, typically about 20 centimetres (7.9 in) across, and weighing about 1 kilogram (2.2 lb). The name derives from Katanga, a rich copper mining region in the south-eastern portion of the DRC.

These X-shaped ingots were cast by local coppersmiths by pouring molten copper into sand molds.

Katanga Province
Katanga was one of the four large provinces created in the Belgian Congo in 1914.
It was one of the eleven provinces of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between 1966 and 2015, when it was split into the Tanganyika, Haut-Lomami, Lualaba, and Haut-Katanga provinces. Between 1971 and 1997 (during the rule of Mobutu Sese Seko when Congo was known as Zaire), its official name was Shaba Province.

Katanga's area encompassed 497,000 square kilometres (192,000 sq mi). Farming and ranching are carried out on the Katanga Plateau. The eastern part of the province is a rich mining region which supplies cobalt, copper, tin, radium, uranium, and diamonds. The region's former capital, Lubumbashi, is the second-largest city in the Congo.
Type II string theory
In theoretical physics, type II string theory is a unified term that includes both type IIA strings and type IIB strings theories. Type II string theory accounts for two of the five consistent superstring theories in ten dimensions. Both theories have  extended supersymmetry which is maximal amount of supersymmetry — namely 32 supercharges — in ten dimensions. Both theories are based on oriented closed strings. On the worldsheet, they differ only in the choice of GSO projection. They were first discovered by Michael Green and John Henry Schwarz in 1982, with the terminology of type I and type II coined to classify the three string theories known at the time.

Worldsheet
In string theory, a worldsheet is a two-dimensional manifold which describes the embedding of a string in spacetime. The term was coined by Leonard Susskind  as a direct generalization of the world line concept for a point particle in special and general relativity.

The type of string, the geometry of the spacetime in which it propagates, and the presence of long-range background fields (such as gauge fields) are encoded in a two-dimensional conformal field theory defined on the worldsheet. For example, the bosonic string in 26 dimensions has a worldsheet conformal field theory consisting of 26 free scalar bosons. Meanwhile, a superstring worldsheet theory in 10 dimensions consists of 10 free scalar fields and their fermionic superpartners.
Yusefabad, Markazi
Yusefabad (Persian: يوسف اباد, also Romanized as Yūsefābād) is a village in Nur Ali Beyk Rural District, in the Central District of Saveh County, Markazi Province, Iran. At the 2006 census, its population was 436, in 108 families.

Nur Ali Beyk Rural District
Nur Ali Beyk Rural District (Persian: دهستان نورعلي بيك) is in the Central District of Saveh County, Markazi province, Iran. Its capital is the village of Yalabad. The previous capital of the rural district was the village of Qardin.
Patricia Moyes
Patricia Pakenham-Walsh, also known as Patricia Moyes (19 January 1923 – 2 August 2000) was a British mystery writer. Her mystery novels feature C.I.D. Inspector Henry Tibbett. One of them, Who Saw Her Die (Many Deadly Returns in the USA) was nominated for an Edgar Allan Poe Award in 1971. Moyes was inducted into the Detection Club in 1971.  In addition to the Tibbett mysteries, she also wrote several juveniles and short stories.

Detection Club
The Detection Club was formed in 1930 by a group of British mystery writers, including Agatha Christie, Dorothy L. Sayers, Ronald Knox, Freeman Wills Crofts, Arthur Morrison, Hugh Walpole, John Rhode, Jessie Louisa Rickard, Baroness Orczy, R. Austin Freeman, G. D. H. Cole, Margaret Cole, E. C. Bentley, Henry Wade, Constance Lindsay Taylor and H. C. Bailey. Anthony Berkeley Cox was instrumental in setting up the club, and the first president was G. K. Chesterton. There is a fanciful initiation ritual with an oath written by Sayers, and the club holds regular dinner meetings in London.
Hunseby Church
Hunseby Church is located in the village of Hunseby some 3 km north of Maribo on the Danish island of Lolland. Built in the middle of the 12th century, the church has a Romanesque chancel and nave and a Gothic tower.

Maribo
Maribo is a town in Lolland Municipality in Region Sjælland on the island of Lolland in south Denmark. It was the municipal seat of the former Maribo Municipality, until 1 January 2007, and then it became the seat of the current Lolland Municipality.

The merchant town of Maribo is located centrally on Lolland. Its population is 5,786 (1 January 2025). It has, among other facilities, a gymnasium (Secondary school), a public international school, an open-air museum and a cultural heritage museum.

A brewery, "Maribo Bryghus" used to be located in the town, but it was closed down in 2008 by its owner, Unibrew. Beer labeled "Maribo Øl" is still available, but it is brewed elsewhere.
David Stephan
David Stephan is an executive at a Canadian food supplement company. He and his wife Collet were convicted of failing to provide the necessaries of life in April 2016 after the death of their son Ezekiel who was 19 months old. After winning an appeal, the Stephans were found not guilty. This verdict was subsequently overturned and a third trial ordered. In 2021 the Crown decided to stay the proceedings.

The Stephans embraced pseudoscientific ideas including alternative medicine, anti-vaccine theories and COVID-19 conspiracy theories.

Stay of proceedings
A stay of proceedings is a ruling by a court in civil and criminal procedure that halts further legal process in a trial or other legal proceeding. The court can subsequently lift the stay and resume proceedings based on events taking place after the stay is ordered. However, a stay is sometimes used as a device to postpone proceedings indefinitely.
Nancy Greene Raine
Nancy Catherine Greene Raine OC OBC OD (born May 11, 1943) is a former Canadian Senator for British Columbia and an Olympic alpine champion voted as Canada's Female Athlete of the 20th Century. She was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Greene Raine won the giant slalom in the 1968 Winter Olympics in Grenoble, France.

After being appointed to the Senate in 2009, Greene Raine retired on May 11, 2018, when she reached the mandatory retirement age of 75.

She is the mother of retired alpine skier Willy Raine.

1968 Winter Olympics
The 1968 Winter Olympics, officially known as the X Olympic Winter Games (French: Les Xes Jeux olympiques d'hiver), were a winter multi-sport event held from 6 to 18 February 1968 in Grenoble, France. Thirty-seven countries participated.

The 1968 Winter Games marked the first time the IOC permitted East and West Germany to enter separately, and the first time the IOC ordered drug and gender testing of competitors.

Norway won the most gold and overall medals, the first time since the 1952 Winter Olympics that the Soviet Union did not top the medal table by both parameters.
Funhalouro District
Funhalouro District is a district of Inhambane Province in south-east Mozambique. Its principal town is Funhalouro. The district is located at the west of the province, and borders with Mabote District in the north, Inhassoro District in the northeast, Massinga and Morrumbene Districts in the east, Homoine District in the southeast, Inharrime District in the south, and with Chigubo District of Gaza Province in the west. The area of the district is 13,653 square kilometres (5,271 sq mi). It has a population of 37.925 as of 2007.

Inharrime District
Inharrime District is a district of Inhambane Province in southeastern Mozambique. Its principal town is Inharrime. The district is located at the south of the province, and borders Panda and Homoine Districts in the north, Jangamo District in the northwest, Zavala District in the south, and Manjacaze District of Gaza Province in west. In the east, the district is bounded by the Indian Ocean. The area of the district is 2,744 square kilometres (1,059 sq mi). It has a population of 97.471 as of 2007.
Kidinnu (crater)
Kidinnu is an impact crater on the Moon's far side. It lies to the south of the crater H. G. Wells and to the southeast of Cantor.

This is a somewhat unevenly formed crater with an outer rim that forms a rounded polygon. The inner wall varies in width, with the narrowest stretch along the outward-bulging northeast. There are no craters of note along the rim or within the interior. The interior floor is uneven, with a central ridge that runs to the southern edge.

Prior to formal naming by the IAU in 1970, Kidinnu was called Crater 122.

H. G. Wells (crater)
H. G. Wells is a lunar impact crater that is located on the far side of the Moon, behind the northeastern limb. It lies to the south of the crater Millikan, and to the northeast of Cantor. Just to the southeast is the smaller Tesla.

This large formation is most notable for the extremely battered state of its outer rim. Little or nothing remains of the original rim, so completely has it been eroded and incised by smaller craters. As a result, the crater floor is now surrounded by a ring of irregular peaks and worn crater valleys. This rugged surroundings intrudes only part way into the interior, while the remaining floor is relatively level and in some places gently rolling. The interior is marked only by a multitude of tiny craters.

The crater is named after the author H. G. Wells whose works include the 1901 novel The First Men in the Moon.  Prior to formal naming by the IAU in 1970, H. G. Wells was called Crater 48.
One Man Parade
"One Man Parade" is a song written by James Taylor that was first released as the first track on his 1972 album One Man Dog.  It was also released as the second single from the album, following up on the Top 20 hit "Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight," after receiving significant airplay as an album track.  The single was issued twice with two different B-sides, "Hymn" and "Nobody But You." It did not achieve the same chart success as "Don't Let Me Be Lonely Tonight," peaking at #67 on the Billboard Hot 100.  It also charted on the Adult Contemporary chart in Canada, reaching #55.  In some regions, such as in Europe, it was released as the B-side of the single release of "One Morning in May."

Güiro
The güiro (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈɡwiɾo]) is a percussion instrument consisting of an open-ended, hollow gourd with parallel notches cut in one side. It is played by rubbing a stick or tines (see photo) along the notches to produce a zipper-like ratchet sound.

The güiro is commonly used in Cuban, Puerto Rican, and other forms of Latin American music, and plays a key role in the typical rhythm section of important genres like son, trova and salsa. Playing the güiro usually requires both long and short sounds, made by scraping up and down in long or short strokes.

The güiro, like the maracas, is often played by a singer. It is closely related to the Cuban guayo, Dominican güira, and Haitian graj which are made of metal. Other instruments similar to the güiro are the Colombian guacharaca, the Brazilian reco-reco, the Cabo Verdean ferrinho, the quijada (cow jawbone) and the frottoir (French) or fwotwa (French Creole) (washboard).
Gangasagar Mela
Gangasagar Mela (Bengali: গঙ্গাসাগর মেলা) is a mela and festival in Hinduism, held every year at Gangasagar, West Bengal, India. The confluence of the Ganges and the Bay of Bengal is called the Gangasagar, the fair is held every year on Makar Sankranti at Kapilmuni's ashram located on the Gangasagar. The mela is celebrated on 14 or 15 January every year.

Gangasagar Mela is the second largest Hindu fair (after Kumbh Mela). Many people from different states of India come here every year to take a holy bath on Makar Sankranti day.

In 2024, Renowned Bengali Newspaper Aajkaal Quoted about 1.10 crore devotees gathered in the mela.

Kapila
Kapila (Sanskrit: कपिल) (7th-6th-century BCE), also referred to as Cakradhanus, is a Vedic sage in Hindu tradition, regarded the founder of the Samkhya school of Hindu philosophy.

His influence on Buddha and Buddhism has long been the subject of scholarly studies. There have been accusations by orthodox Buddhists that Sarvastivadins are heavily influenced by Samkhya school of philosophy.

According to the Brahmanda Purana, Kapila is described as an incarnation of Vishnu: "Bhagavān Nārāyaṇa will protect us all. The Lord of the universe has now been born in the world as Kapilācārya."

Many historic personalities in Hinduism and Jainism, mythical figures, pilgrimage sites in Indian religion, as well as an ancient variety of cow, are named after Kapila, or share his name.