hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meadowlands (song)
"Meadowlands" is an anti-apartheid song composed in 1956 by Strike Vilakazi. It was written in reaction to the forced relocation of black South Africans from Sophiatown, to the new township of Meadowlands. The song was popularised by a number of musicians, including Dorothy Masuka and Miriam Makeba, and became an anthem of the movement against apartheid.

Sophiatown
Sophiatown /soʊˈfaɪətaʊn/, also known as Sof'town or Kofifi, is a suburb of Johannesburg, South Africa. Sophiatown was a poor multi-racial area and a black cultural hub that was destroyed under apartheid. It produced some of South Africa's most famous writers, musicians, politicians and artists, like Father Huddleston,  Can Themba, Bloke Modisane, Es'kia Mphahlele, Arthur Maimane, Todd Matshikiza, Nat Nakasa, Casey Motsisi, Dugmore Boetie, and Lewis Nkosi.

Rebuilt as a whites-only area under the name of Triomf ("Triumph") in the 1960s, in 2006 it was officially returned to its original name. Sophiatown was one of the oldest black areas in Johannesburg and its destruction represented the human rights violations in South Africa under apartheid.
Hagfish (album)
Hagfish is the third and final studio album by the American rock band Hagfish, released in March 1998 on Honest Don's Records, a subsidiary label of Fat Wreck Chords. The album was reworked following a long delay with the band's previous label, London Records, who rejected the band's initial offering and eventually dropped the group. Bill Stevenson and Stephen Egerton would both reprise their roles as producers, having previously worked with the band on Rocks Your Lame Ass. An early version of "18 Days" (originally titled "New Year's Song") and a live version of "Twisting" previously appeared as b-sides to the "Happiness" promotional single in 1995. Alternate versions of "Hand" and "Agent 37" later appeared on the compilation album That Was Then, This Is Then in 2001.

Stephen Egerton (guitarist)
Stephen Patrick O'Reilly (born September 2, 1964), known professionally as Stephen Egerton,(/ˈstɛfən/ STEF-ən) is an American guitarist, producer, mixer, and engineer, who is best known for his work playing in Descendents and All.
2025 Danmark Rundt
The 2025 Danmark Rundt (officially PostNord Danmark Rundt 2025 for sponsorship reasons) is the 34th edition of the Danmark Rundt road cycling stage race, which is the part of the 2025 UCI ProSeries. It began on the 12th of August in Nexø and finished on the 16th of August in Silkeborg.

Nexø
Nexø, sometimes spelled Neksø, is a town on the east coast of the Baltic island of Bornholm, Denmark. With a population of 3,657 (as of 1 January 2025), it is the second largest town, as well as the largest fishing port on the island. Fishing was previously the mainstay of the town's economy. Nexø is also the site of a distillery (Bornholmske Spiritfabrik ApS) and a mustard factory (Bornholmersennep ApS). The town is also a port of call for the passenger ferries linking Bornholm with Kołobrzeg in Poland. Dueodde, the largest beach on Bornholm, is located south of Nexø, in the southeastern corner of the island.
Mirada
Mirada (transl. Gaze) is the third and major-label debut studio album by American singer-songwriter Iván Cornejo. It was released on July 19, 2024, by Interscope and Zaragoza Records, making it Cornejo's first album to be released under those labels, and his first to not be released by Manzana Records. It debuted at number 17 on the US Billboard 200, additionally debuting atop the US Top Latin Albums and Regional Mexican Albums charts, with 34,000 album-equivalent units.

Billboard regional Mexican charts
The Billboard regional Mexican charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Regional Mexican Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Regional Mexican Airplay, which ranks the most-played songs played on regional Mexican radio stations. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different regional Mexican charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Regional Mexican Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing regional Mexican songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

Regional Mexican, according to Billboard, generally refers to music with "roots in traditional Mexican and Mexican American sounds" such mariachi, norteño, banda, and Tejano.
Port of Koper
Port of Koper (Slovene: Luka Koper, Italian: Porto di Capodistria) is a public limited company, which provides port and logistics services in the only Slovenian port, in Koper. It is situated in the Gulf of Koper in the northern part of the Adriatic Sea, mainly connecting markets of Central and Southeast Europe with the Mediterranean Sea and Far East. Unlike other European ports, which are managed by port authorities, the activities of Port of Koper comprise the management of the free zone area, the management of the port area and the role of terminal operator. It is currently the main port that serves the route between the Adriatic sea and Central Europe.

Free-trade zone
A free-trade zone (FTZ) is a class of special economic zone. It is a geographic area where goods may be imported, stored, handled, manufactured, or reconfigured and re-exported under specific customs regulation and generally not subject to customs duty. Free trade zones are generally organized around major seaports, international airports, and national frontiers—areas with many geographic advantages for trade.
The Borrowers Avenged
The Borrowers Avenged is a children's fantasy novel by Mary Norton, published in 1982 by Viking Kestrel in the UK and Harcourt in the US. It was the last of five books in a series that is usually called The Borrowers, inaugurated by The Borrowers in 1952.

The Borrowers Avenged was written more than 20 years after its predecessor The Borrowers Aloft (1961). 
It is about twice as long as the others at nearly 300 pages; 
the 1966 British omnibus edition of four novels was only 699 pages. Pauline Baynes succeeded Diana L. Stanley as illustrator in the UK while Beth and Joe Krush continued as US illustrators.

The book received a positive reception by critics. New York magazine called it a "well-drawn portrait ...wittily told" 
while Country Life called it "a modern classic in the making".

The Borrowers (novel)
The Borrowers is a children's fantasy novel by the English author Mary Norton, published by Dent in 1952. It is the first of five books in The Borrowers series.

It features a family of tiny people who live secretly in the walls and floors of an English house and "borrow" from the big people in order to survive.

The Borrowers won the 1952 Carnegie Medal from the Library Association, recognising the year's outstanding children's book by a British author. In the 70th anniversary celebration of the medal in 2007, it was named one of the top ten Medal-winning works, selected by a panel to compose the ballot for a public election of the all-time favourite.

Harcourt, Brace and Company published it in the U.S. in 1953 with illustrations by Beth and Joe Krush. It was also published in four parts, with illustrations by Erik Blegvad, during the summer of 1953 (June, July, August, September) in Woman's Day magazine. There have been several adaptations of The Borrowers in television and film.
George James Gibbs
George James Gibbs FRAS (1866 – 22 February 1947) was an astronomer, engineer, inventor and public science lecturer. He invented a heliochronometer 'which was able to accurately determine GMT to within a minute at any time of the year and at any latitude', the patrons of which included H.M. The King and most of the large country house gardens of his time in England, including those designed by Lutyens and Mawson. The accuracy of Gibbs's heliochronometer 'was only truly alleviated with the broadcast of the BBC pips in the 1920s'.  He was also responsible for the design and erection of the Jeremiah Horrocks Observatory at Moor Park, Preston, Lancashire and was recognised as one of the leading hydraulic engineers in Lancashire.

Greenwich Time Signal
The Greenwich Time Signal (GTS), popularly known as the pips, is a series of six short tones (or "pips") broadcast at one-second intervals by many BBC Radio stations to mark the precise start of each hour. The pips were introduced in 1924, generated by the Royal Observatory, Greenwich, and from 1990 were generated by the BBC in London. The broadcast pips replaced an electrical time coordination system based on the railway telegraph network, which itself was an extension of the mechanical time balls in Portsmouth (1829) and later Greenwich (1833), which enabled navigators aboard ships moored in those places to set their chronometers for the determination of longitude on voyages.
Pookkalai Parikkatheergal
Pookkalai Parikkatheergal (transl. Don't pluck the flowers) is a 1986 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film directed by V. Azhagappan. The film stars Suresh and Nadhiya, with Rajeev and Vinu Chakravarthy in supporting roles, with music composed by T. Rajendar. It was released on 29 May 1986.

T. Rajendar
Vijay Thesingu Rajendar, also known as T. R., is an Indian actor, film director, film producer, musician, cinematographer, film distributor and politician who works primarily in the Tamil film industry. Rajendar is known for being able to speak in rhyming sentences spontaneously and incessant rapping.

Since 2018, he has been focusing primarily on singing film songs.
Grace Barbé
Grace Barbé is a Seychellois-born Australian singer-songwriter who also performs with the Afrobeat and psychedelic band of the same name which includes Jamie Searle (guitar, music director and producer) and Hardy Perrine (drums). Barbé has released three studio albums and is the recipient of thirteen West Australian Music Industry Awards, including ten Best World Act Awards and three WAM Song of the Year awards. Barbé's third album Fanm: Woman was nominated for Best World Album at the 2020 ARIA Music Awards.
Barbé sings in Creole, English, French and Malagasy and her music fuses the tropical rhythms and dances of the slaves with psychedelic rock, afrobeat, reggae and pop. Since 2022, she is the current bassist of jazz/funk band The Cat Empire.

West Australian Music Industry Awards
The Western Australian Music Industry Awards (commonly known as WAMis) are annual awards presented to the local contemporary music industry, put on by the Western Australian Music (WAM) industry association.
Rohan Mehra (born 1991)
Rohan Mehra (born 1991), also known as Rohan Vinod Mehra, is an Indian actor who primarily works in Hindi films. The son of actor Vinod Mehra, he made his acting debut with the 2018 financial thriller film Baazaar. Mehra has since starred in 420 IPC (2021), Kaala (2023), and Adbhut (2024).

Section 420 of the Indian Penal Code
In India, Section 420 of the Indian Penal Code (before its repeal by introduction of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita) dealt with Cheating and dishonestly inducing delivery of property. The maximum punishment was seven years imprisonment and a fine. Section 420 is now Section 318 of the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita.
Siddheshwar Varma
Siddheshwar Varma (1887–1985) was an Indian linguist, phonetician, grammarian and scholar, known for his knowledge of over 30 languages. He was the secretary of the International Moral Education Congress for India (1923) and the author of such books as The Bhalesī dialect, A Glossary of the Khāsī : a north-western Himalayan dialect of Jammu and Kashmir, Siddha-Bhāratī; The rosary of Indology and Pahari dictionary of 27-north-western Himalayan dialects. The Government of India awarded him the third highest civilian honour of the Padma Bhushan, in 1957, for his contributions to literature and education.

International Moral Education Congress
The International Moral Education Congress was an international academic conference held in Europe six times between 1908 and 1934. It convened because of an interest in moral education by many countries beginning a decade before the inaugural event. The movement for moral education had an ardent champion in the Ethical movement. The idea to hold the congress was at the behest of the International Union of Ethical Societies; its greatest proponents were Professor Friedrich Wilhelm Foerster and Gustav Spiller, the secretary of the Union. The first congress was held in 1908,  and except for one 10-year beak (1912–1922), the congress met every four years in various cities. The official languages were German, English, and French.
HMS St Lawrence
Six ships of the Royal Navy have borne the name HMS St Lawrence:

HMS St Lawrence (1746) was a schooner purchased in 1764 and burnt after being struck by lightning in 1766.

HMS St Lawrence (1767) was a 10-gun schooner purchased in 1767, decommissioned in 1775, and sold in 1776.

HMS St Lawrence (1775) was a schooner purchased in 1775 and sold in 1783.

HMS St Lawrence (1813) was a 12-gun schooner, formerly the American privateer Atlas.  She was captured in 1813, but recaptured by the American privateer Chasseur in 1815.

HMS St Lawrence (1814) was a 112-gun first rate launched in 1814 and sold in 1832.

HMS St Lawrence was a 38-gun fifth rate launched in 1806 as HMS Shannon (1806).  She was converted into a receiving ship and renamed HMS St Lawrence in 1844, and was broken up in 1859.

HMS Shannon (1806)
HMS Shannon was a 38-gun Leda-class fifth-rate frigate of the Royal Navy. She was launched in 1806 and served in the Napoleonic Wars and the War of 1812. She won a noteworthy naval victory on 1 June 1813, during the latter conflict, when she captured the United States Navy frigate USS Chesapeake in a bloody battle.
Black Colossus
"Black Colossus" is one of the original short stories starring  the fictional sword and sorcery hero Conan the Cimmerian, written by American author Robert E. Howard and first published in Weird Tales magazine, June 1933. Howard earned $130 for the sale of this story.

Set during the fictional Hyborian Age, Conan leads the army of Khoraja against an evil sorcerer named Natohk, "The Veiled One".

This story formed part of the basis for the later Conan novel, The Hour of the Dragon.

The Hour of the Dragon
The Hour of the Dragon, also known as Conan the Conqueror, is a fantasy novel by American writer Robert E. Howard featuring his sword and sorcery hero Conan the Cimmerian. It was one of the last Conan stories published before Howard's suicide, although not the last to be written. The novel was first published in serial form in the December 1935 through April 1936 issues of the pulp magazine Weird Tales. The first book edition was published by Gnome Press in hardcover in 1950. The Gnome Press edition retitled the story Conan the Conqueror, a title retained by all subsequent editions until 1977, when the original title was restored in an edition published by Berkley/Putnam. The Berkley edition also reverted the text to that of its original Weird Tales publication, discarding later edits. Later editions have generally followed Berkley and published under the original title.
Mark Criner
Mark Criner (born December 18, 1966) is an American football coach. He currently serves as the outside linebackers coach for the Southern Miss Golden Eagles football team. At the college football level, he served defensive coordinator for six seasons at the University of Idaho, and also held the same position at Middle Tennessee, Cincinnati, Portland State, the original XFL's Las Vegas Outlaws, and CSU Pueblo. He has also worked as a defensive assistant at Minnesota, Eastern Michigan, Utah State, Lamar, LSU, the Alliance of American Football's Atlanta Legends, and Tulane. He was also the linebackers coach and assistant special teams coach for the Seattle Dragons.

Atlanta Legends
The Atlanta Legends were a professional American football franchise based in Atlanta, Georgia, and one of the eight members of the Alliance of American Football (AAF), which played one incomplete season from February 2019 to April 2019. They played their home games at Georgia State Stadium on the campus of Georgia State University. The Legends were one of two AAF teams based in a city that already had an NFL team (the Atlanta Falcons; the other team was the Arizona Hotshots, where the NFL's Cardinals were based). The Legends were coached by Kevin Coyle, one of two AAF coaches without prior head coaching experience, after the position became available when Brad Childress resigned a month before the season began. Billy Devaney was the general manager.

On April 2, 2019, the league's football operations were reportedly suspended, and on April 4 the league allowed players to leave their contracts to sign with NFL teams. The league filed for Chapter 7 bankruptcy on April 17, 2019.
1862 in poetry
Mine eyes have seen the glory of the coming of the Lord:

He is trampling out the vintage where the grapes of wrath are stored;

He hath loosed the fateful lightning of His terrible swift sword:

His truth is marching on.

—first stanza of Julia Ward Howe's Battle Hymn of the Republic conceived as both poem and lyrics to a popular tune and first published in February in The Atlantic Monthly

Nationality words link to articles with information on the nation's poetry or literature (for instance, Irish or France).

Julia Ward Howe
Julia Ward Howe (/haʊ/ HOW; May 27, 1819 – October 17, 1910) was an American author and poet, known for writing the "Battle Hymn of the Republic" as new lyrics to the song "John Brown's Body," and the original 1870 pacifist Mothers' Day Proclamation. She was also an advocate for abolitionism and a social activist, particularly for women's suffrage.
Gawain and the Green Knight (film)
Gawain and the Green Knight is a 1973 British historical adventure film directed by Stephen Weeks, and starring Murray Head as Gawain and Nigel Green in his final theatrical film as the Green Knight. The story is based on the medieval English tale Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and also Yvain, the Knight of the Lion by Chrétien de Troyes and the tale of Sir Gareth in Thomas Malory's Le Morte d'Arthur.

Locations used included castles at Cardiff, Caerphilly and Castell Coch, Wales; Peckforton castle, Cheshire; and St Michael's Mount and Roche Rock, Cornwall. St. Govan's chapel on the Pembrokeshire coast was also featured.

Weeks remade the film in 1984 as Sword of the Valiant with Miles O'Keeffe and Sean Connery as Gawain and the Green Knight, respectively.

Nigel Green
Nigel McGown Green (15 October 1924 – 15 May 1972) was an English actor. Because of his strapping build, commanding height (6 ft 4 in or 1.93 m) and regimental demeanour he would often be found playing military types and men of action in such classic 1960s films as Jason and the Argonauts, Zulu, Tobruk and The Ipcress File.
Tyras
Tyras (Ancient Greek: Τύρας) was an ancient Greek city on the northern coast of the Black Sea. It was founded by colonists from Miletus, probably about 600 BC. The city was situated some 10 km from the mouth of the Tyras River, which is now called the Dniester. The surrounding native tribe was called the Tyragetae. The ruins of Tyras are now located in the modern city of Bilhorod-Dnistrovskyi in the Odesa Oblast of Ukraine.

Dniester
The Dniester (/ˈniːstər/ NEE-stər) is a transboundary river in Eastern Europe. It runs first through Ukraine and then through Moldova (from which it more or less separates the breakaway territory of Transnistria), finally discharging into the Black Sea on Ukrainian territory again.
Blahsue Vonleh
Chief Blahsue Vonleh (c. 1865 – September 28, 1947) was Paramount Chief of the Doe clan in Nimba County, Liberia from 1920 until his death in 1947.

Vonleh was born to the Dan tribe, who are mainly situated in the northern part of Liberia, in Zuaplay, Nimba County. He fought many tribal battles in defense of his clan and was made Paramount Chief based on his valor and skill on the battlefield.

Vonleh attended the inauguration of Liberia's 19th President, William V.S. Tubman, as member of the tribal delegation in 1944 in the capital of Monrovia.

Vonleh Village in Liberia was named in his honor and is headed by his son, Chief Tarkpour Vonleh. One of his descendants is his great-grandson American basketball player Noah Vonleh. Moses Blah, who succeeded Charles Taylor as President of Liberia, also hails from Nimba county.

Nimba County
Nimba County is a county in northeastern Liberia that shares borders with the Republic of Côte d'Ivoire in the East and the Republic of Guinea in the Northwest. Its capital city is Sanniquellie and its most populous city is Ganta. With the county's area measuring 11,551 square miles (29,920 km2), Nimba is the largest of Liberia's 15 counties. The county has six statutory districts. As of the 2022 Census, it had a population of 621,841, making it the second most populous county in Liberia.

Named after Mount Nimba (Neinbaa Tohn in the Mahn (or Mano) language), which demarcates part of the Guinea-Côte d'Ivoire border, Nimba is also bordered by Bong and Grand Bassa counties to the west, Rivercess County to the southwest, and Grand Gedeh County to the southeast. The northern and northeastern parts of Nimba border the nation of Republic of Guinea, while the northeast lies along the border of Côte d'Ivoire.
Poppy Pritchard
Poppy Pritchard (born 3 December 2005) is an English professional footballer who plays as a forward for Scottish Women's Premier League club Celtic, on loan from Manchester City. She previously played for Durham, on loan for Crystal Palace and Newcastle United, and the England under-19 team.

Crystal Palace F.C. Women
Crystal Palace Football Club Women is a women's association football club based in South London, England, which competes in the Women's Super League 2, the second tier of English women's football. The team, known as the "Eagles", is affiliated to the men's equivalent.

The club play its home matches at the VBS Community Stadium in Sutton, South London, as well as select matches at Selhurst Park. They previously played at Hayes Lane, the home ground of Bromley F.C., between 2014 and 2023.
Nikolay Pirogov
Nikolay Ivanovich Pirogov (Russian: Никола́й Ива́нович Пирого́в; 25 November [O.S. 13 November] 1810 – 5 December [O.S. 23 November] 1881) was a Russian scientist, medical doctor, pedagogue, public figure, and corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Sciences (1847), one of the most widely recognized Russian physicians. Considered to be the founder of field surgery, he was the first surgeon to use anaesthesia in a field operation (1847) and one of the first surgeons in Europe to use ether as an anaesthetic. He is credited with the invention of various kinds of surgical operations and developing his own technique of using plaster casts to treat fractured bones.

Anesthetic
An anesthetic (American English) or anaesthetic (British English; see spelling differences) is a drug used to induce anesthesia ⁠— ⁠in other words, to result in a temporary loss of sensation or awareness. They may be divided into two broad classes: general anesthetics, which result in a reversible loss of consciousness, and local anesthetics, which cause a reversible loss of sensation for a limited region of the body without necessarily affecting consciousness.

A wide variety of drugs are used in modern anesthetic practice.  Many are rarely used outside anesthesiology, but others are used commonly in various fields of healthcare. Combinations of anesthetics are sometimes used for their synergistic and additive therapeutic effects. Adverse effects, however, may also be increased.  Anesthetics are distinct from analgesics, which block only sensation of painful stimuli. Analgesics are typically used in conjunction with anesthetics to control pre-, intra-, and postoperative pain.