hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Women's Guild of Arts
The Women's Guild of Arts was founded in 1907 by Arts and Crafts artists May Morris and Mary Elizabeth Turner. The organisation offered woman-identified artists an alternative professional body to the Art Workers Guild, an artists' association founded in 1884 that excluded women and was based on the ideas of William Morris and the Arts and Crafts Movement.

The Women's Guild was established with May Morris as its First President and watercolourist and etcher Mary Annie Sloane as its Honorary Secretary. Other key initiators included Mabel Esplin, Agnes Garrett, Mary Lowndes, Marianne Stokes, Evelyn De Morgan, Georgie Gaskin, Mary J. Newill, Ethel Everett, and Letty Graham. The Guild grew to include about 60 artists.

Marianne Stokes
Marianne Stokes (née Preindlsberger; 1855–1927) was an Austrian painter. She settled in England after her marriage to Adrian Scott Stokes (1854–1935), the landscape painter, whom she had met in Pont-Aven. Stokes was considered one of the leading women artists in Victorian England.
Edward Burgert
Edward Burgert OSB (October 15, 1887 Paris, Arkansas – January 23, 1968 Rufugio, Texas) was a Benedictine monk and the second Abbot of Subiaco Abbey in Arkansas. He would become known not only for his service in the Catholic Church as a monk, priest, scholar, and abbot, but also for his civic work as an educator and rural farmers' advocate.

Paris, Arkansas
Paris is a city in Logan County, Arkansas, United States, and serves as the county seat for the northern district of Logan County; its southern district counterpart is Booneville.  Its population was 3,176 as of the 2020 U.S. Census.
South Dakota Highway 71
South Dakota Highway 71 (SD 71) is a 34.535-mile (55.579 km) state highway in Fall River County, South Dakota, United States, that travels from the Nebraska state line (where it continues as N-2/N-71 through the Black Hills National Forest) to U.S. Route 18 Bypass (US 18 Byp.) in Hot Springs. It is part of a triple state highway serving South Dakota, Nebraska, and Colorado.

Black Hills National Forest
Black Hills National Forest is located in southwestern South Dakota and northeastern Wyoming, United States. The forest has an area of over 1.25 million acres (5,066 km2) and is managed by the Forest Service. Forest headquarters are located in Custer, South Dakota. There are local ranger district offices in Custer, Rapid City, and Spearfish in South Dakota, and in Sundance, Wyoming.

Predominantly ponderosa pine, the forest also includes hard woods like aspen, bur oak, and birch.  The lower elevations include grassland prairie, but the National Forest System lands encompass most of the mountainous region known as the Black Hills of South Dakota and Wyoming. Within the forest is Black Elk Peak which is the tallest mountain in South Dakota and the highest peak east of the Rocky Mountains in the United States.
Destructive dilemma
Destructive dilemma is the name of a valid rule of inference of propositional logic. It is the inference that, if P implies Q and R implies S and either Q is false or S is false, then either P or R must be false. In sum, if two conditionals are true, but one of their consequents is false, then one of their antecedents has to be false. Destructive dilemma is the disjunctive version of modus tollens. The disjunctive version of modus ponens is the constructive dilemma. The destructive dilemma rule can be stated:

where the rule is that wherever instances of "", "", and "" appear on lines of a proof, "" can be placed on a subsequent line.

Modus tollens
In propositional logic, modus tollens (/ˈmoʊdəs ˈtɒlɛnz/) (MT), also known as modus tollendo tollens (Latin for "mode that by denying denies") and denying the consequent, is a deductive argument form and a rule of inference. Modus tollens is a mixed hypothetical syllogism that takes the form of "If P, then Q. Not Q. Therefore, not P." It is an application of the general truth that if a statement is true, then so is its contrapositive. The form shows that inference from P implies Q to the negation of Q implies the negation of P is a valid argument.

The history of the inference rule modus tollens goes back to antiquity. The first to explicitly describe the argument form modus tollens was Theophrastus.

Modus tollens is closely related to modus ponens. There are two similar, but invalid, forms of argument: affirming the consequent and denying the antecedent.  See also contraposition and proof by contrapositive.
Aldo Leão Ramírez
Aldo Leao Ramírez Sierra (born 18 April 1981) is a Colombian footballer. He also holds Mexican citizenship.

Ramírez made his debut with Santa Fe of his home country of Colombia and also played for Atlético Nacional where he helped the team capture back-to-back league titles. In 2008 Leão moved to Mexican club Monarcas Morelia, the club where he has spent for the majority of his career. Ramírez has helped Morelia win the 2010 North American SuperLiga and the Apertura 2013 Copa MX. After the departure of goalkeeper Federico Vilar before the Clausura 2014 season, Ramírez was named captain of Morelia by then manager Carlos Bustos.

Ramírez has represented Colombia both at youth and senior level. Ramírez made his debut for the Colombia national team in 2002 in a friendly against Honduras. Ramírez first goal for Colombia came in a 3–2 loss against England in 2005.

Jaime Lozano
Jaime Arturo "Jimmy" Lozano Espín (born 29 September 1979) is a Mexican professional football manager and former player.

Lozano spent the majority of his playing career with Universidad Nacional, where he made over 160 appearances, and won two Primera División titles.

At international level, Lozano made 34 appearances for the Mexico national team. He represented his country in various competitions, including the 2004 and 2007 Copa America tournaments, the 2005 FIFA Confederations Cup and the 2007 CONCACAF Gold Cup.
Dan Bryant (mountaineer)
Leslie Vickery Bryant, known as Dan Bryant (29 March 1905 – 10 December 1957), was a New Zealand school teacher and a mountain climber. He was a member of the 1935 British Mount Everest reconnaissance expedition, which was a preliminary to the full expedition of 1936 that attempted the summit. However in 1935 Bryant did not acclimatise well to altitude above 23,000 feet (7,000 m), and so was not included in the party for 1936. He was a very accomplished ice climber, and was well-liked on expeditions. These two factors led, indirectly, to his compatriot Edmund Hillary becoming a member of the successful 1953 British Mount Everest expedition.

1953 British Mount Everest expedition
The 1953 British Mount Everest expedition was the ninth mountaineering expedition to attempt the first ascent of Mount Everest, and the first confirmed to have succeeded when Tenzing Norgay and Edmund Hillary reached the summit on 29 May 1953 at 11:30 a.m. Led by Colonel John Hunt, it was organised and financed by the Joint Himalayan Committee. News of the expedition's success reached London in time to be released on the morning of Queen Elizabeth II's coronation, on 2 June that year.
Deanell Reece Tacha
Deanell Reece Tacha (born January 26, 1946) is a retired United States circuit judge who served on the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit. She was the Dean of the Pepperdine University School of Law from 2011 to 2016.

United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit (in case citations, 10th Cir.) is a federal court with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Colorado

District of Kansas

District of New Mexico

Eastern District of Oklahoma

Northern District of Oklahoma

Western District of Oklahoma

District of Utah

District of Wyoming

Although the 37th United States Congress passed the Tenth Circuit Act of 1863, the circuit ceased to exist after six years due to the Judiciary Act of 1869. These districts were part of the Eighth Circuit until 1929.
The court is composed of nineteen active judges and is based at the Byron White U.S. Courthouse in Denver, Colorado. It is one of thirteen United States courts of appeals and has jurisdiction over 560,625 square miles, or roughly one seventh of the country's land mass.
Holland 602 type submarine
The Holland 602 type submarine, also known as the H-class submarine, was one of the most numerous submarines of World War I. The type was designed by the Electric Boat Co. of the United States, but most of the boats were built abroad: in Canada by the subsidiary of the British Vickers company and in British shipyards.

Operators included the United States Navy, the Chilean Navy, the Royal Navy (33 submarines), the Imperial Russian Navy, the Soviet Navy, the Italian Regia Marina, the Royal Canadian Navy, the Royal Dutch Navy and the navy of the short-lived Ukrainian State.

Regia Marina
The Regia Marina (Italian for 'Royal Navy', pronounced [ˈrɛːdʒa maˈriːna]) (RM) or Royal Italian Navy was the navy of the Kingdom of Italy (Regno d'Italia) from 1861 to 1946. In 1946, with the birth of the Italian Republic (Repubblica Italiana), the Regia Marina changed its name to Marina Militare ("Military Navy").
Feshumaai Nimun
Feshumaai Nimun is a Maldivian romantic drama web series directed by Ali Shifau. It stars Sharaf Abdulla, Aminath Shuha, Moosa Aleef, Saamee Hussain Didi and Aminath Aseela in main roles.

The series follows Nuha, struggling with Hussein’s growing distance, and Aiman, a reformed ex-gang member seeking redemption with Zaina, as their separate heartbreaks draw them together into an unexpected love that is soon tested by trials of resilience, hope, and humanity. The pilot episode was released on 28 April 2025.

Ali Shifau
Ali Shifau (born 19 May 1977) is a Maldivian film director, cinematographer and editor. One of the most successful filmmakers in Maldivian Cinema, Shifau is the recipient of a number of awards, including seven Gaumee Film Awards, and four Maldives Film Awards. In 2018, the Government of Maldives honoured him with the National Award of Recognition.
Kimmy Dora and the Temple of Kiyeme
Kimmy Dora and the Temple of Kiyeme (Korean: 키미도라: 키예메의사원; Hanja: 키미도라: 키예메의寺院; RR: Kimi Dora:  Kiyeme-ui Sawon; MR: K'imi Tora: K'i-yeme-ŭi Sawŏn) is a 2012 horror comedy film co-produced and directed by Joyce Bernal from a screenplay by Chris Martinez. It is the second installment in the Kimmy Dora film series, serving as a sequel to the 2009 film Kimmy Dora: Kambal sa Kiyeme. It tells the story of twin sisters Kimmy and Dora, both played by Eugene Domingo in their quest to find love in South Korea, only for them being stalked by a ghostly figure. The film premiered nationwide in the Philippines on June 13, 2012, and became the second highest grossing Filipino film of 2012, earning ₱100 million in two weeks, and currently holds the fifteenth place in the highest-grossing Filipino films of all time.

McCune–Reischauer
McCune–Reischauer (MR; /məˈkjuːn ˈraɪʃaʊ.ər/ mə-KEWN RYSHE-ow-ər) is a romanization system for the Korean language. It was first published in 1939 by George M. McCune and Edwin O. Reischauer. Significant work on the system was done by Korean linguists Choe Hyeon-bae, Jeong In-seop, and Kim Seon-gi.

According to Reischauer, McCune "persuaded the American Army Map Service to adopt [the McCune–Reischauer system], and through the Korean War it became the foundation for most current Romanizations of Korean place names."

A variant of McCune–Reischauer is currently used as the official system in North Korea. Another variant is currently used for standard romanization library catalogs in North America. On the other hand, South Korea formerly used yet another variant as its official system from 1984 to 2000, but replaced it with the Revised Romanization of Korean in 2000.
1991 Louisiana Attorney General election
The 1991 Louisiana Attorney General election was held on November 16, 1991, to elect the Louisiana Attorney General. The jungle primary was held on October 19, 1991.

Democratic incumbent William J. Guste chose to retire rather than seek a sixth term. Democratic attorney Richard Ieyoub and Republican Louisiana State Senator Ben Bagert were the top two vote getters in the jungle primary, defeating a variety of candidates, including future Senator John Kennedy, and advancing to a runoff.

Ieyoub easily won the runoff election, defeating Bagert with 68.91% of the vote and winning every single parish in the state.

Ben Bagert
Bernard John Bagert Jr. (born 1944) is an American attorney and politician.  He served in the Louisiana State House from 1970 to 1984 and the Louisiana State Senate from 1984 to 1992, representing Orleans Parish as a Democrat.

He was a Republican candidate in the 1990 United States Senate election in Louisiana.  He withdrew from the race to prevent David Duke from reaching a runoff election.  He was also a candidate for attorney general in 1991, losing to Richard Ieyoub.
Dario Frommer
Dario J. Frommer (born October 22, 1963) is an American lawyer and politician. He is a former member of the California State Assembly for the 43rd district who served from 2000 until 2006. He served as Majority Leader from 2004 until 2006. Frommer also served as Chair of the Health Committee.

Herb Wesson
Herman J. "Herb" Wesson Jr. (born November 11, 1951) is an American politician who served as a councilmember representing the 10th District for three terms between July 1, 2005 and December 14, 2020, and again on an appointed basis from March 22, 2022 until August 25, 2022. He was also the President of the Los Angeles City Council and Speaker of the California State Assembly.
Craig Clevenger
Craig Clevenger (born 1964) is an American author of contemporary fiction. Born 1964 in Dallas, Texas, he grew up in Southern California, where he studied English at California State University, Long Beach. He is the author of three novels, The Contortionist's Handbook and Dermaphoria, both released by MacAdam/Cage, and Mother Howl, published by Datura. His work has been classified by some as neo-noir and has received praise from such authors as Chuck Palahniuk and Irvine Welsh.

Clevenger lists among his influences Jim Thompson, James M. Cain, Edgar Allan Poe, Richard Matheson, Italo Calvino, Kōbō Abe, Steve Erickson, Mark Danielewski, Will Christopher Baer, Seth Morgan, James Ellroy, Michael Hogan, John O'Brien, Michael Ventura and Rupert Thomson.

Clevenger's third novel, Mother Howl, is based on his short story The Fade, which he adapted into a short film with director Scott Krinsky.

He shares a fan base with fellow authors Will Christopher Baer and Stephen Graham Jones.

Steve Erickson
Stephen Michael Erickson is an American novelist. The author of influential works such as Days Between Stations, Tours of the Black Clock and Zeroville, he is the recipient of the American Academy of Arts and Letters award, the Lannan Lifetime Achievement Award and a Guggenheim Fellowship.
Life stages of mites
Mites start as an egg and then may pass through up to six instars: prelarva, larva, protonymph, deutonymph, tritonymph, and adult. These developmental stages may look different or may be omitted depending on the mite group. All mites have an adult stage; the female is the dispersal stage in some Mesostigmata and Prostigmata. Deutonymphs may also be the dispersal stage in Mesostigmata and Astigmata. The deutonymph is unspecialized or slightly specialized in Mesostigmata.

In Astigmata, the larva, protonymph, tritonymph, and adult are usually feeding ontogenetic stages, though exceptions occur, while the deutonymph serves for dispersal or survival in severe conditions, lacks mouthparts, and cannot feed (though non-oral feeding is possible in several taxa). Deutonymphs have many morphological specializations for phoresy, and they are strikingly different from other life stages.

Astigmatina
Astigmatina is a clade of mites in the order Sarcoptiformes. Astigmata has been ranked as an order or suborder in the past, but was lowered to the unranked clade Astigmatina of the clade Desmonomatides (synonym Desmonomata) in the order. Astigmatina is now made up of the two groups Acaridia and Psoroptidia, which have been suborders of the order Astigmata in the past. Astigmatina contains about 10 superfamilies and 76 families under Acaridia and Psoroptidia.
Lawrence Solan
Lawrence M. Solan (May 7, 1952 – March 2, 2024) was an American academic who was the Don Forchelli Professor of Law and Director of the Center for the Study of Law, Language and Cognition at Brooklyn Law School.

Brooklyn Law School
Brooklyn Law School (BLS) is a private law school in New York City. Founded in 1901, it has approximately 1,100 students. Brooklyn Law School's faculty includes 60 full-time faculty, 15 emeriti faculty, and adjunct faculty.
Oak Hill Memorial Park
Oak Hill Memorial Park is a cemetery in San Jose, California, United States. Founded in 1847, it is the oldest secular cemetery in California. Oak Hill is the northernmost hill in the San Juan Bautista Hills of South San Jose.

South San Jose
South San Jose is the southern region of San Jose, California. The name "South Side" refers to an area bounded roughly by Hillsdale Avenue and Capitol Expressway to the North, Camden Avenue to the West, Highway 101 and Hellyer Avenue on the east, the border with the city of Morgan Hill towards the south, and Los Gatos, to the west.

The area is expansive with a mix of businesses, green space, and parks. Two business districts, urban villages, and a highly educated workforce make the region of South San Jose attractive to workers and companies.
Aslan Tlebzu
Aslan Tlebzu (Adyghe: ЛIыбзэу Аслъан [ɬʼəbzaw aːsɬaːn], Russian: Аслан Нурдинович Тлебзу, born 24 February 1981, Dzhidzhikhabl, Teuchezhsk, Adygea, USSR) is an Adyghe folk musician from North Caucasia.

Tlebzu was born in a small Circassian village in Adygea in 1981. He attended the Art Institute of the Adyghe State University in Maykop and after graduation performed as an accordionist with the Adygean State Folk Song Ensemble – Islamey. Since then he has released several albums and singles, collaborated with numerous artists and groups, and performed concerts in many countries, including Russia, Turkey, Jordan, Israel, and the UAE.

Tlebzu is signed to the Russian record label Zvuk-M: the largest in Southern Russia, and is one of the best-known Circassian folk musicians. In his homeland, Tlebzu has been awarded the ranks of Honored Artist of the Republic of Adygea and Honored Artist of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic.

Maykop
Maykop (/meɪˈkɒp, maɪ-/) is the capital city of Adygea, Russia, located on the right bank of the Belaya River. It borders Maykopsky District, from which it is administratively and municipally independent, to the east and south; Giaginsky District to the north, and Belorechensky District of Krasnodar Krai to the west.

Population: 143,385 (2021 census); 144,249 (2010 census); 156,931 (2002 census); 148,608 (1989 Soviet census).
GSF Giovanni Grion Pola
Gruppo Sportivo Fascio Giovanni Grion Pola was an Italian association football club located in Pola, now Pula in Croatia. The team was founded in 1918 as F.C. Grion Pola and was dissolved in 1945, when their home city passed from Italy to Yugoslavia. Its colors were black and white.

The club took part in two Serie B seasons in the 1930s and retired during their third.

The side was named after an Istrian soldier who died during the First World War and their home colours were the same as Casale's, to honour their scudetto, won in 1914.

Casale FBC
ASD Casale Foot Ball Club (formerly AS Casale Calcio) is an Italian football club, based in Casale Monferrato, Piedmont.
The club plays in Promozione.

The team's nickname nerostellati ("the starred-blacks") refers to the team's colours of black with a white star on the chest.
Pac-Man All-Stars
Pac-Man All-Stars is a video game for Microsoft Windows developed by British studio Creature Labs and published by Infogrames Interactive in 2002. It is a multiplayer video game where players control their characters to run around in different arenas to collect the most dots. The game is an enhanced version of the multiplayer mode found in Ms. Pac-Man Maze Madness and Pac-Man: Adventures in Time.

Pac-Man: Adventures in Time
Pac-Man: Adventures in Time is a 2000 maze video game in the Pac-Man series developed by Creative Asylum and Mind's Eye Productions, and published by Hasbro Interactive, in collaboration with Namco. The game follows a formula similar to the original arcade game, while expanding on it with new features, including mazes that creatively play with 3D space. In the game, Pac-Man travels through various time periods using Professor Pac-Man's time machine to recover pieces of an ancient artifact.

The game was released for Microsoft Windows PCs in 2000.
The Stranger Who Looks Like Me
The Stranger Who Looks Like Me is a 1974 American made-for-television drama romance film directed by Larry Peerce and starring Meredith Baxter, Beau Bridges and Walter Brooke. The cast includes Whitney Blake, who was Meredith Baxter's real-life mother; Bill Vint, who starred in the drive-in classic Macon County Line, as well as future Dallas star Patrick Duffy, who has a small part. The film originally premiered as the ABC Movie of the Week on March 6, 1974.

Patrick Duffy
Patrick Duffy (born March 17, 1949) is an American television actor and director widely known for his role as Bobby Ewing on the CBS primetime soap opera Dallas (1978–1991). Duffy returned to reprise his role as Bobby in a continuation of Dallas, which aired on TNT from 2012 to 2014. He is also well known for his role on the ABC sitcom Step by Step as Frank Lambert from 1991 to 1998, and for his role as Stephen Logan on the CBS daytime soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful (2006–2011, 2022, 2023). Duffy played the lead character's father in the 2014 NBC sitcom Welcome to Sweden.
Number Lab
Number Lab was an early athleisure fashion brand, which was recognized for its contribution to the category by being chosen as a finalist for the Ecco Domani Fashion Foundation award and in the International Woolmark Prize competition (in the menswear category). In 2012, Number Lab was selected to join the Council of Fashion Designers of America (CFDA) fashion program in 2012 alongside CFDA winner Johnathan Simikhai, Ecco Domani Fashion Foundation Award Winner Timo Weiland and Project Runway's Daniel Vosovic.

Council of Fashion Designers of America
The Council of Fashion Designers of America, Inc. (CFDA), founded in 1962 by publicist Eleanor Lambert, and headquartered in Manhattan, is a not-for-profit trade association comprising a membership of over 370 American fashion and accessory designers. The organization promotes American designers' participation in the global economy.

In addition to hosting the annual CFDA Fashion Awards, the organization develops future American design talent through scholarships and resources in colleges, and postgraduate schools. The CFDA also provides funding and business opportunities for working designers. Through the CFDA Foundation, the organization engages in various charitable activities.