hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Dunagaha
Dunagaha (Sinhala: දූනගහ) is a village in Gampaha District of Sri Lanka, with lush green surroundings. It is situated approximately 14 km (8.7 mi) away from Gampaha, 15 km (9.3 mi) from Negombo and in close proximity to suburban areas of Minuwangoda. Paddy and betel cultivation had been the main source of income for many families for decades.

7°14′32″N 79°58′7″E﻿ / ﻿7.24222°N 79.96861°E﻿ / 7.24222; 79.96861

Negombo
Negombo (Sinhala: මීගමුව, romanized: Mīgamuva, IPA: [miːɡəmuʋə] , Tamil: நீர்கொழும்பு, romanized: Nīrkoḻumpu, IPA: [n̪iːɾxoɻumbɯ]), also known as Punchi Romaya (Little Rome) and Meepura (city of bees), is a major city in Sri Lanka, situated on the west coast and at the mouth of the Negombo Lagoon, in the Western Province, 38 km (24 mi) from Colombo via the Colombo–Katunayake Expressway and the nearest major city from the Bandaranaike International Airport (about 9 km distance).

Negombo is one of the major commercial hubs in the country and the administrative centre of Negombo Division. Negombo has a population of about 142,136 within its divisional secretariat division. Negombo municipal boundary is fully extended throughout its Divisional Secretariat area.

Negombo is known for its long sandy beaches and centuries old fishing industry. Negombo has a large bilingual (Sinhala/Tamil) population with a clear Roman Catholic majority.
Haemanthus humilis
Haemanthus humilis is a perennial flowering plant and geophyte belonging to the genus Haemanthus. The species is native to South Africa, it occurs in every province, as well as Botswana and Lesotho.

There are two subspecies:

Haemanthus humilis subsp. hirsutus (Baker) Snijman

Haemanthus humilis subsp. humilis

Haemanthus
Haemanthus is a Southern African genus of flowering plants in the family Amaryllidaceae, subfamily Amaryllidoideae. Members of the genus are known as blood lily and paintbrush lily. There are some 22 known species, native to South Africa, Botswana, Namibia, Lesotho and Eswatini. About 15 species occur in the winter rainfall region of Namaqualand and the Western Cape, the remainder being found in the summer rainfall region, with one species Haemanthus albiflos occurring in both regions.
History of the Jews in Laupheim
The history of the Jews in Laupheim began in the first half of the 18th century. Until the second half of the 19th century, the Jewish community in Laupheim, expanded continuously to become the largest of its kind in Württemberg. During this period, the Jewish community gradually assimilated to its Christian surroundings and its members prospered until the beginning of the Nazi-period in 1933. With the deportation of the last remaining Jews in 1942, more than 200 years of Jewish history in Laupheim forcibly came to an end.

Hazzan
A hazzan (/ˈhɑːzən/; Hebrew: [χaˈzan], lit. 'hazan') or chazzan (Hebrew: חַזָּן, romanized: ḥazzān, plural ḥazzānim; Yiddish: חזן, romanized: khazn; Ladino: חזן, romanized: hasan) is a Jewish musician or precentor trained in the vocal arts who leads the congregation in songful Jewish prayer. In English, a hazzan is often referred to as a cantor, a term also used in Christianity.

An individual leading a Jewish congregation in public prayer is also called a sh'liaḥ tzibbur (Hebrew: שליח ציבור, lit. 'messenger of the public'). Any person is called a sh'liach tzibbur while leading prayer. However, the term hazzan more commonly refers to someone with formal specialized training in leading prayers or who is appointed to lead prayers regularly in a given synagogue without a formally trained hazzan.
Prodiginines
The prodiginines are a family of red tripyrrole dyestuffs produced by Gammaproteobacteria (e.g. Serratia marcescens)  as well as some Actinomycetota (e.g. Streptomyces coelicolor). The group is named after prodigiosin (prodiginine) and is biosynthesized through a common set of enzymes. They are interesting due to their history and their varied biological activity.

Pyrrole
Pyrrole is a heterocyclic, aromatic, organic compound, a five-membered ring with the formula C4H4NH. It is a colorless volatile liquid that darkens readily upon exposure to air. Substituted derivatives are also called pyrroles, e.g., N-methylpyrrole, C4H4NCH3. Porphobilinogen, a trisubstituted pyrrole, is the biosynthetic precursor to many natural products such as heme.

Pyrroles are components of more complex macrocycles, including the porphyrinogens and products derived therefrom, including porphyrins of heme, the chlorins, bacteriochlorins, and chlorophylls.
J. K. Paasikivi Memorial
The J. K. Paasikivi Memorial, also called Itä ja Länsi ('East and West') is a memorial sculpture for the Finnish president Juho Kusti Paasikivi by the sculptor Harry Kivijärvi, located in Kamppi, Helsinki. The sculpture is located at Paasikivenaukio Square along Mannerheimintie in front of the so-called Supplier House, north of the Lasipalatsi building. The sculpture was revealed in 1980.

Kamppi
Kamppi (Swedish: Kampen) is a neighbourhood in the centre of Helsinki, the capital of Finland. The name originally referred to a small area known as the "Kamppi field" (see below), but according to the current official designation, "Kamppi" encompasses a much larger area with a population of 12,098 people (as of 31 December 2022) and 28,181 jobs (as of 31 December 2012).

In common parlance today, the name "Kamppi" is often used to refer only to the northernmost part of Kamppi, containing the Kamppi Center shopping centre, the Kamppi metro station and the Tennispalatsi and Sähkötalo buildings.

The heart of Kamppi is a part of the Central Business District. However, in stark contrast to the other districts of central Helsinki, development in Kamppi was sporadic and the very centre of Kamppi remained entirely undeveloped until 2002.
Sara Sara (Apurímac)
Sara Sara (Aymara sara an ounce, Quechua sara maize, the reduplication indicates that there is a group or a complex of something) is a 5,195-metre-high (17,044 ft) mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the districts of Antabamba and Juan Espinoza Medrano. Sara Sara lies south of Quri Waraqa and Huch'uy Sara Sara.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
Vĩnh Châu
Vĩnh Châu is a district-level town (thị xã) of Sóc Trăng province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. On August 25, 2011, Vĩnh Châu became a town and had a population of 163,918. The town covers an area of 473 km2.

District-level town
A district-level town (Vietnamese: thị xã) is a former type of second tier subdivision of Vietnam. District-level towns have equal status with urban districts, districts, municipal cities, and provincial cites. Also by virtue of Decree No. 42/2009/ND-CP, towns are officially classified into Class-3 or Class-4.

District-level towns were abolished in 2025 along with other district-level subdivisions.

The towns may only be a capital of a province, but not of a municipality as the second tier subdivision. At the third tier, towns are divided into wards and communes.

Most provincial capitals were once towns, but now most of them have become provincial cities.
It's No Game
"It's No Game" is a song written by the English musician David Bowie for his 1980 album Scary Monsters (and Super Creeps), featuring lead guitar played by Robert Fripp. The song is split into two parts, opening and closing the album. "(No. 1)" is musically sinister, featuring Bowie screaming lyrics and Japanese narration provided by actress Michi Hirota. "(No. 2)", a stark contrast to "(No. 1)", is much calmer, which Bowie's biographers symbolise as Bowie facing the same situation in "(No. 1)", but after the album's duration.

Alongside the album, "(No. 1)" was released as the B-side of the US version of the single "Ashes to Ashes" in August 1980. Bowie never performed "It's No Game" live during his concert tours, although the ending of "(No. 1)" was adapted for the 1987 Glass Spider Tour. The full song was later performed in the 2015 musical Lazarus.

Charles Shaar Murray
Charles Shaar Murray (born Charles Maximillian Murray; 27 June 1951) is an English music journalist and broadcaster. He has worked on the New Musical Express (NME) and many other magazines and newspapers, and has been interviewed for a number of television documentaries and reports on music.
Deaths in March 2023
The following is a list of notable deaths in March 2023.

Entries for each day are listed alphabetically by surname. A typical entry lists information in the following sequence:

Name, age, country of citizenship at birth, subsequent country of citizenship (if applicable), reason for notability, cause of death (if known), and reference.

Chamber of Deputies (Brazil)
The Chamber of Deputies (Portuguese: Câmara dos Deputados) is a federal legislative body and the lower house of the National Congress of Brazil. The chamber comprises 513 deputies, who are elected by proportional representation to serve four-year terms. The current president of the chamber is the Deputy Hugo Motta (Republicanos-PB), who was elected on 1 February 2025.
Cavanagh, Edmonton
Cavanagh is a neighbourhood in southwest Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. The neighbourhood is named after Terry Cavanagh, former Edmonton city councillor and Edmonton's first native-born mayor.

Cavanagh is located within the Heritage Valley area and was the original Heritage Valley Neighbourhood 7B within Heritage Valley Servicing Concept Design Brief (SCDB).

It is bounded by the Allard and Callaghan neighbourhoods to the west across Blackmud Creek, the Blackmud Creek neighbourhood to the north across Blackmud Creek, the Cashman neighbourhood to the northeast, Calgary Trail and Gateway Boulevard to the east, and Leduc County to the south.

Allard, Edmonton
Allard is a neighbourhood in southwest Edmonton, Alberta, Canada that was established in 2007 through the adoption of the Allard Neighbourhood Area Structure Plan (NASP).

It is located within Heritage Valley and was originally considered Neighbourhood 8 within the Heritage Valley Servicing Concept Design Brief (SCDB). This neighbourhood is named after Dr. Charles Allard, an Edmonton-based surgeon, broadcaster, entrepreneur, innovator, industrialist, philanthropist, and visionary.

Allard is bounded on the west by the future extension of James Mowatt Trail SW, north by the future 25 Avenue SW, east by the Blackmud Creek and south by the city limits (41 Avenue SW).
16th Sarasaviya Awards
The 16th Sarasaviya Awards festival (Sinhala: 16වැනි සරසවිය සම්මාන උලෙළ), presented by the Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Limited, was held to honor the best films of 1987 Sinhala cinema on July 23, 1988, at the Bandaranaike Memorial International Conference Hall, Colombo 07, Sri Lanka. Minister of National Defense, Trade and Shipping Lalith Athulathmudali was the chief guest at the awards night.

The film Viragaya won most number of awards with twelve awards including Best Film, Best Director and Best Actor.

Sarasaviya Best Film Award
The Sarasaviya Best Film Award is presented annually in Sri Lanka by the weekly Sarasaviya newspaper in collaboration with the Associated Newspapers of Ceylon Limited at the Sarasaviya Awards Festival for the best Sri Lankan movie of the year.
The award was first given in 1964. Following is a list of the winners of this prestigious title since then.
1998 Stella Artois Championships
The 1998 Stella Artois Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on grass courts at the Queen's Club in London in the United Kingdom and was part of the World Series of the 1998 ATP Tour. It was the 96th edition of the tournament and was held from 8 June through 15 June 1998. Scott Draper won the singles title.

1998 ATP Tour
The ATP Tour is the elite tour for professional men's tennis organized by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP). The ATP Tour includes the four Grand Slam tournaments, the ATP World Tour Finals, the ATP Super 9, the Championship Series and the World Series tournaments.
2024 Buffalo Bulls football team
The 2024 Buffalo Bulls football team represented the University at Buffalo as a member of the Mid-American Conference (MAC) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FBS football season. Led by first-year head coach Pete Lembo, the Bulls compiled an overall record of 9–4 with a mark of 6–2 in conference play, tying for third place in the MAC. Buffalo was invited to the Bahamas Bowl, where the Bulls defeated Liberty. The team played home games at University at Buffalo Stadium in Amherst, New York.

On September 21, Buffalo beat No. 23 Northern Illinois for program's second win over a ranked NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision (FBS) opponent and first since 2008.

Amherst, New York
Amherst (/ˈæmhərst/ ⓘ) is a town in Erie County, New York, United States. It is a suburb of Buffalo. As of 2020, the town had a total population of 129,595. This represents an increase from 122,366 as reported in the 2010 census. It is the 14th most populated municipality in New York.

The second-largest in area and the most populous suburb of Buffalo, the town of Amherst encompasses the village of Williamsville as well as the hamlets of Eggertsville, Getzville, Snyder, Swormville, and East Amherst. The town is in the northern part of Erie County and borders a section of the Erie Canal.

Amherst is home to the north campus of the University at Buffalo, a campus of Erie Community College, a satellite campus of Bryant & Stratton College, and Daemen University.
Urbain de Maillé, 1st Marquis of Brézé
Urbain de Maillé, 1st Marquis of Brézé (French pronunciation: [yʁbɛ̃ də maje bʁeze]) (1597 – 13 February 1650), was a 17th-century French soldier and diplomat, who was a Marshal of France, Ambassador to Sweden in 1632, and Viceroy of Catalonia 1641 to 1642.

His marriage to the younger sister of Cardinal Richelieu, French chief minister from 1624 to 1642, brought success and enormous wealth. His son held a number of senior naval positions, and his daughter married Louis, Grand Condé. He lost office following Richelieu's death in December 1642, and spent the rest of his life on his estates in Milly-le-Meugon, where he died on 13 February 1650.

Siege of La Rochelle
The siege of La Rochelle (French: le siège de La Rochelle, or sometimes le grand siège de La Rochelle) was a result of a war between the French royal forces of King Louis XIII and the Huguenots of La Rochelle in 1627–1628. The siege marked the height of the struggle between the Catholics and the Protestants in France, and ended with a complete victory for Louis XIII and the Catholics.
Cape Town Blitz
Cape Town Blitz were a franchise team of the South African Mzansi Super League (MSL) Twenty20 cricket tournament. The team was based at the Newlands Cricket Ground in Cape Town.

Cape Town Blitz played in the first two editions of the MLS in 2018 and 2019, before COVID-19 delayed the competition in 2020. The side finished as runners up in 2018 but were dissolved in 2021 in response to the reform of the domestic structure of South African cricket. All six of the original city-based franchise teams in the Mzansi Super League were to have been replaced by eight new teams based around the new South African domestic structure, but the league itself was later cancelled and replaced by a new franchise competition, the SA20, beginning in the 2022/23 season.

2019 Mzansi Super League
The 2019 Mzansi Super League, also known as the MSL 2.0, was the second edition of the Mzansi Super League (MSL) Twenty20 (T20) franchise cricket tournament in South Africa. It started on 8 November and ended on 16 December 2019. Jozi Stars were the defending champions, having won the inaugural 2018 tournament.
Dawrat
Dawrat (Arabic: دورات, meaning Courses in English) is an educational platform for Massive Open Online Courses (MOOC) founded in 2011 and headquartered in Kuwait, it is aimed at students in the Middle East and North Africa.

Massive open online course
A massive open online course (MOOC /muːk/) or an open online course is an online course aimed at unlimited participation and open access via the Web. In addition to traditional course materials, such as filmed lectures, readings, and problem sets, many MOOCs provide interactive courses with user forums or social media discussions to support community interactions among students, professors, and teaching assistants (TAs), as well as immediate feedback to quick quizzes and assignments. MOOCs are a widely researched development in distance education, first introduced in 2008, that emerged as a popular mode of learning in 2012.

Early MOOCs (cMOOCs: Connectivist MOOCs) often emphasized open-access features, such as open licensing of content, structure and learning goals, to promote the reuse and remixing of resources.  Some later MOOCs (xMOOCs: extended MOOCs) use closed licenses for their course materials while maintaining free access for students.
Electoral district of Grafton
Grafton was electoral district of the Legislative Assembly in the Australian state of New South Wales from 1880 to 1904 and was named after and included the town of Grafton.

Its only member was John See and this was the only seat that See held. See was a member of the Protectionist Party from 1887 and which became the Progressive Party from 1901. See became Premier when William Lyne moved to Federal Parliament in March 1901. For the 1904 election the Legislative Assembly was reduced in size from 125 to 90 seats as a result of Federation. The redistribution saw Grafton absorbed by The Clarence, while much of The Clarence become part of Raleigh.

Sir John See retired as Premier and member for Grafton in June 1904 due to ill health, and accepted an appointment to the Legislative Council.

Electoral districts of New South Wales
The New South Wales Legislative Assembly is elected from single-member electorates called districts, returning 93 members since the 1999 election. Prior to 1927 some districts returned multiple members, including 1920-1927 when all districts returned three, four or five members. Parramatta is the only district to have continuously existed since the establishment of the Assembly in 1856.
National Institute of Concessions (Colombia)
The National Institute of Concessions, INCO, was a Colombian government agency in charge of funding the planning and execution of road, river, sea, rail and port transportation projects in the country. It was dissolved and replaced by the National Infrastructure Agency in 2011.

National Infrastructure Agency (Colombia)
The National Infrastructure Agency (Spanish: Agencia Nacional de Infraestructura, ANI), is a Colombian government agency, part of the Ministry of Transport, in charge of concessions through public–private partnerships, for the design, construction, maintenance, operation, and administration of the transport infrastructure in Colombia.
Ultimate tensile strength
Ultimate tensile strength (also called UTS, tensile strength, TS, ultimate strength or  in notation) is the maximum stress that a material can withstand while being stretched or pulled before breaking. In brittle materials, the ultimate tensile strength is close to the yield point, whereas in ductile materials, the ultimate tensile strength can be higher.

The ultimate tensile strength is usually found by performing a tensile test and recording the engineering stress versus strain. The highest point of the stress–strain curve is the ultimate tensile strength and has units of stress. The equivalent point for the case of compression, instead of tension, is called the compressive strength.

Tensile strengths are rarely of any consequence in the design of ductile members, but they are important with brittle members. They are tabulated for common materials such as alloys, composite materials, ceramics, plastics, and wood.

Brittleness
A material is brittle if, when subjected to stress, it fractures with little elastic deformation and without significant plastic deformation. Brittle materials absorb relatively little energy prior to fracture, even those of high strength. Breaking is often accompanied by a sharp snapping sound.

When used in materials science, it is generally applied to materials that fail when there is little or no plastic deformation before failure. One proof is to match the broken halves, which should fit exactly since no plastic deformation has occurred.
Chuck Clayton
Charles "Chuck" Clayton is a teenage fictional character published by Archie Comics. Chuck lives in the fictional town of Riverdale, and is the friend of Archie Andrews, Betty Cooper, Jughead Jones, and other students at Riverdale High School. Chuck first appeared in Life With Archie #110 in 1971.

Chuck was created as a means of adding diversity to the cast of Archie characters, although Valerie (of Josie and the Pussycats) predates him by several years. Jordan Calloway portrayed the character on Riverdale.

Josie and the Pussycats (comics)
Josie and the Pussycats (initially published as She's Josie and Josie) is a teen-humor comic book about a fictional rock band, created by Dan DeCarlo and published by Archie Comics. First published in 1963, with regular issues through 1982, additional one-shot issues followed on an irregular basis. A reboot of the comic for the New Riverdale imprint launched in September 2016.

Hanna–Barbera adapted the comic as a Saturday-morning animated TV series in 1970, paired with an eponymous pop album. The band was subsequently portrayed in a 2001 live-action film, with musical performances released on an eponymous soundtrack album. Josie and the Pussycats appear as part of the 2017 live-action television drama series Riverdale on The CW, with the character of Josie recurring in the Katy Keene spin-off series.
April 2021 Bulgarian parliamentary election
Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on 4 April 2021 at the end of the term of the National Assembly elected in 2017. Parties in the governing coalition led by Boyko Borisov lost seats and no party leader was able to form a coalition government within the time limit. This triggered the July 2021 Bulgarian parliamentary election.

Conservative Bulgaria
Conservative Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Консервативна България), previously known as National Front for the Salvation of Bulgaria (Bulgarian: Национален фронт за спасение на България, romanized: Natsionalen front za spasenie na Bŭlgariya, NFSB), is a national conservative political party in Bulgaria.
Aethiothemis carpenteri
Aethiothemis carpenteri is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It was originally described as Oxythemis carpenteri, named in honor of the collector of the type specimen, G. D. Hale Carpenter.  The name is considered by some authorities to be a taxonomic synonym of Aethiothemis solitaria, though the taxonomy of the solitaria species complex is not clear.

Aethiothemis solitaria
Aethiothemis solitaria is a species of dragonfly in the family Libellulidae. It is found in Angola, Botswana, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Namibia, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Togo, Uganda, Zambia, possibly Malawi, and possibly Tanzania. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, dry savanna, moist savanna, subtropical or tropical dry shrubland, subtropical or tropical moist shrubland, swamps, and marshes.