hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Western Design
The Western Design was an English expedition against the Spanish West Indies during the 1654 to 1660 Anglo-Spanish War.

Part of an ambitious plan by Oliver Cromwell to end Spanish dominance in the Americas, the force was short of supplies and poorly trained. Leadership was split between Robert Venables, commander of land forces, and Admiral William Penn; the relationship between the two quickly broke down, and they regarded each other with distrust and suspicion. The attack on Hispaniola was a failure but the English then subsequently took Jamaica and claimed it for the English Commonwealth.

William Penn (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral Sir William Penn (23 April 1621 – 16 September 1670) was an English naval officer and politician who represented Weymouth and Melcombe Regis in the House of Commons of England from 1660 to 1670. He was the father of William Penn, the founder of the Province of Pennsylvania, which named the colony after his father.
Meat consumption among Sikhs
Eating meat among Nihang Sikhs employs technique of Jhatka is practiced by sects within Sikhism when consuming meat that is either hunted or farmed. This historical method of meat consumption is popular among Nihangs and Hazuri Sikhs who eat goats on the festivals throughout the year and distribute it as Mahaprashad among the rest of the Sikhs as part of Langar.

Jhatka
Jhatka (Punjabi: ਝਟਕਾ, romanized: jhaṭkā pronounced [t͡ɕʌ˩˥ʈ.kaː]) is a method of slaughtering an animal for meat by a single strike of a sword or axe to sever its head within the Sikh religion. This kills the animal almost instantly. This type of slaughter is preferred by most meat-consuming Sikhs.
Jerry Beckett
Jeremiah Alphonsus Beckett (4 June 1886 – 30 May 1943), better known as Jerry Beckett, was an Irish Gaelic footballer who played as a forward for the Cork senior team.

Beckett made his first appearance for the team during the 1907 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen for the following ten years. During that time he won one All-Ireland medal and two Munster medals.

At club level Beckett was a multiple county senior championship medal winner with Lees.

Beckett's son, Derry, was a dual All-Ireland medal winner with Cork in the 1940s.

Derry Beckett
Jeremiah Beckett (24 December 1919 – August 1959) was an Irish Gaelic footballer and hurler who played left corner-forward for the Cork senior teams.

Beckett joined the hurling team during the 1941 championship and was a regular member of the starting fifteen in both codes until his retirement after the 1947 football championship. During that time he won one All-Ireland medal and one Munster medal in hurling as well as one All-Ireland medal and one Munster medal in football. Beckett is one of only eighteen dual players to have won All-Ireland medals in both codes.

At club level Beckett played his club hurling and football with a range of clubs including Sarsfields, Glanmire, St Finbarr's and UCC.
Dalmia Bhawan
Dalmia Bhawan, a mansion situated in Varanasi, was built between 1835 and 1845 by the Goswami family of Serampore a former Danish colony in West Bengal. The house was built in the early 20th century by Raja Kishorilal Goswami of Serampore in Bengal (now West Bengal). In 1960, the property was acquired by the Laxmi Niwas Dalmia. The architecture style is a blend of Indo-Saracenic and Neoclassical elements. The building with its symmetrical look and rooms opening to wide verandas is reminiscent of the ‘garden houses’, a popular concept in the 19th and early 20th century. In India, structures tied to the Danish East India Company are exceedingly rare. Dalmia Bhawan has a Dutch influence showcasing, a clear link to the Danish East India Company. Guests who have stayed in Dalmia Bhawan in Varanasi include Annie Besant, Jawaharlal Nehru, Mahatma Gandhi, Sarojini Naidu, Rabindranath Tagore. Author and poet Harivansh Rai Bachchan mentions Dalmia Bhavan in his autobiography.

Harivansh Rai Bachchan
Harivansh Rai Bachchan (né Srivastava; 27 November 1907 – 18 January 2003) was an Indian poet and writer of the Nayi Kavita literary movement (romantic upsurge) of early 20th century Hindi literature. He was also a poet of the Hindi Kavi Sammelan. Bachchan is best known for his early work Madhushala. He was the father of Amitabh Bachchan, and grandfather of Shweta Bachchan Nanda and Abhishek Bachchan. His wife Teji Bachchan was a social activist. In 1976, he received the Padma Bhushan for his service to Hindi literature.
Michael Ruben Rinaldi
Michael Ruben Rinaldi (born 21 December 1995) is an Italian motorcycle racer who most recently competed in 2025, in the Supersport World Championship on a Yamaha YZF-R6, and in the Superbike World Championship aboard a Yamaha YZF-R1. Rinaldi has also previously competed in the European Superstock 1000 Championship, where he was champion in 2017, the European Superstock 600 Championship, the CIV Moto3 Championship and the Coppa Italia 125 cc 2T, where he was champion in 2011.

Yamaha YZF-R6
The Yamaha YZF-R6 is a sport bike, produced by Yamaha as a 600 class from 1999 to 2020. From 2021, production availability is limited to a non-homologated race-only specification in most global markets, causing race organizers to realign their engine eligibility criteria to encourage other manufacturers having larger than 600 cc displacements to enter road-race competition from 2022. Race organizers wanted to provide scope for alternative machinery to move away from established tradition of the Yamaha R6 being the dominant marque in Supersport racing. A similar motorcycle currently in production is the YZF-R9. This motorcycle is widely considered to be the R6's successor but this has never been officially stated by Yamaha.
Guappo
Guappo (plural: guappi) is a historical Italian criminal subculture and informal term of address in the Neapolitan language, roughly analogous to or meaning thug, swaggerer, pimp, braggart, or ruffian. While today the word is often used to indicate a member of the Camorra, a Mafia-type organisation in the region of Campania and its capital Naples, the guapperia (or guapparia; i.e., the guappo subculture) predates the modern Camorra and was originally a different and separate criminal subculture that considered itself very much independent of the Camorra.

Historically, "guappo" referred to a loosely cohesive 19th and early 20th century subculture that thrived in the Naples area and, to a lesser extent, nearby regions of Southern Italy. The subculture stereotypically consisted of a type of boisterous, flashy, swaggering, free-spirited, and violent yet dandy-like criminal, pimp, outlaw, and ruffian that nonetheless followed a somewhat chivalrous code of honor.

Procuring (prostitution)
Procuring, pimping, or pandering is the facilitation or provision of a prostitute or other sex worker in the arrangement of a sex act with a customer. A procurer, often called a pimp if male, or a madam if female, (though the term "pimp" is often used for female procurers as well) or a brothel keeper, is an agent for prostitutes who collects part of their earnings. The procurer may receive this money in return for advertising services, physical protection, or for providing and possibly monopolizing a location where the prostitute may solicit clients. Like prostitution, the legality of certain actions of a madam or a pimp vary from one region to the next.

Examples of procuring include: helping to support trafficking a person into a country for the purpose of soliciting sex; operating a business where prostitution occurs; transporting a prostitute to the location of their arrangement; and deriving financial gain from the prostitution of another.
The Duel After the Masquerade
The Duel After the Masquerade is a painting by the French artist Jean-Léon Gérôme, of which multiple copies exist. The original, Suite d'un bal masqué, first shown in 1857, is in the Musée Condé in Chantilly, France.

Château de Chantilly
The Château de Chantilly (pronounced [ʃɑto d(ə) ʃɑ̃tiji]) is a historic French château located in the town of Chantilly, Oise, about 50 kilometres (30 miles) north of Paris. The site comprises two attached buildings: the Petit Château, built around 1560 for Anne de Montmorency, and the Grand Château, which was destroyed during the French Revolution and rebuilt in the 1870s. The château is owned by the Institut de France, which received it from Henri d'Orléans, Duke of Aumale.

A historic monument since 1988, it is open to the public. The château's art gallery, the Musée Condé, houses one of France's finest collections of paintings. It specialises in French paintings and book illuminations of the 15th and 16th centuries.
2020 Hong Kong Legislative Council mass resignations
On 11 November 2020, 15 Hong Kong pro-democracy members of the Legislative Council announced their resignations in protest against the decision of the National People's Congress Standing Committee (NPCSC) which bars Legislative Council members from supporting Hong Kong independence, refusing to recognise Beijing's sovereignty over Hong Kong, seeking help from "foreign countries or foreign forces to interfere in the affairs of the region" or committing "other acts that endanger national security" that resulted in the disqualification of pro-democracy legislators Alvin Yeung, Dennis Kwok, Kwok Ka-ki and Kenneth Leung. In July 2020, the four had been barred from running in the subsequently postponed Legislative Council election originally scheduled for September 2020. The resignation en masse left the Legislative Council membership dwindled to 43 out of the total number of 70 seats, with virtually no opposition for the first time since the 1997 handover.

Dennis Kwok
Dennis Kwok Wing-hang (Chinese: 郭榮鏗; born 15 April 1978) is a Canadian lawyer and former Hong Kong politician who represented the legal constituency in the Hong Kong Legislative Council from 2012 to 2020. He is a founding member of Civic Party.

Once the Deputy Chairman of the House Committee, Kwok was accused of delaying the legislature proceedings. He was disqualified from the Legislative Council on 11 November 2020, along with three other lawmakers of the pan-democratic camp, by the Chinese Government on request of the Hong Kong government. A mass resignation of pan-democrats the same day left the Legislative Council without a substantial opposition. Later that month, Kwok announced his resignation from politics and left Hong Kong. In April 2021, it was reported that he had moved to Canada and later settled in the United States.

Kwok was charged with collusion and an arrest warrant with a HK$1 million bounty was issued by the Hong Kong Police in July 2023.
Michael Bracewell (cricketer)
Michael Gordon Bracewell (born 14 February 1991) is a New Zealand cricketer who plays for Wellington. He is the nephew of former Test players Brendon and John Bracewell, and the cousin of current international player Doug Bracewell and comedian Melanie Bracewell. He attended Kavanagh College in Dunedin. He made his international debut for the New Zealand cricket team in March 2022.

Brendon Bracewell
Brendon Paul Bracewell (born 14 September 1959) is a former New Zealand Test cricketer. Born in Auckland, he is the younger brother of John Bracewell. He was educated at Tauranga Boys' College and was in the 1st XI from 1974 to 1978. He frequently suffered injuries throughout his playing career. Bracewell also played rugby for King Country and for Western Australia.

Bracewell operates Bracewell Cricket Academy, a private cricket coaching academy based in Napier. His son Doug Bracewell plays for Central Districts and the New Zealand cricket team.
Shane Boyd
Shane Boyd (born September 18, 1982) is an American former professional football quarterback. He was signed by the Tennessee Titans as an undrafted free agent in 2005. He played college football for the Kentucky Wildcats. Boyd was also  a member of the Cologne Centurions, Pittsburgh Steelers, Arizona Cardinals, Houston Texans, Montreal Alouettes, California Redwoods, Indianapolis Colts, Sacramento Mountain Lions, Milwaukee Mustangs, Tampa Bay Storm, Portland Thunder, Bluegrass Warhorses, San Antonio Talons, Arizona Rattlers, Cleveland Gladiators and Baltimore Brigade.

Cleveland Gladiators
The Cleveland Gladiators were an arena football team based in Cleveland, Ohio, and members of the Arena Football League (AFL). The Gladiators played their home games at Quicken Loans Arena, which they shared with the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association and the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League. The franchise was originally based in East Rutherford, New Jersey, and then later in Las Vegas, Nevada, before relocating to Cleveland for the 2008 AFL season. The Gladiators qualified for the playoffs eight times in their history, reaching the ArenaBowl in 2014.

The Gladiators announced that they would not play the 2018 and 2019 seasons due to renovations on Quicken Loans Arena that required it to close during the NBA offseason and were granted a two-season hiatus. Before the team could return in 2020, the league filed for bankruptcy and ceased operations.
Mowry City, New Mexico
Mowry City is a ghost town first in Doña Ana County, then Grant County and finally in Luna County, New Mexico, United States, approximately 25 miles (40 km) north of Deming. Originally it was the crossing point of Cooke's Wagon Road on the Mimbres River. Mowry City was formerly the location of Rio Mimbres, a stop on the San Antonio-San Diego Mail Line, and Miembre's River Station, a stagecoach stop on the Butterfield Overland Mail and later stagecoach routes. The town lasted from 1859 until the arrival of the railroad in southern New Mexico in 1881.

Butterfield Overland Mail
Butterfield Overland Mail (officially Overland Mail Company) was a stagecoach service in the United States operating from 1858 to 1861. It carried passengers and U.S. Mail from two eastern termini, Memphis, Tennessee, and St. Louis, Missouri, to San Francisco, California. The routes from each eastern terminus met at Fort Smith, Arkansas, and then continued through Indian Territory (Oklahoma), Texas, New Mexico, Arizona, Mexico, and California ending in San Francisco. On March 3, 1857, Congress authorized the U.S. postmaster general, at that time Aaron V. Brown, to contract for delivery of the U.S. mail from St. Louis to San Francisco. Prior to this, U.S. Mail bound for the Far West had been delivered by the San Antonio–San Diego Mail Line since June 1857.

The route was designated a national historic trail in 2023.
Shalonda Solomon
Shalonda Solomon (born December 19, 1985) is an American track and field sprinter. Her greatest international accomplishment is a silver medal in the 100 m at the 2010 IAAF Continental Cup, while representing the Americas team. She qualified for the 2011 World Championships in Athletics by winning the 200 m at the USA Outdoor Track and Field Championships. Her 22.15 in winning that race was the world-leading time for 2011. While running in the World Championships, she ran far slower than at the National Championships, finishing a fourth-place in the 200 m behind Jamaican Veronica Campbell-Brown, and American teammates Carmelita Jeter and defending champion Allyson Felix. Later in those championships, she won a gold medal by serving on the American 4 × 100 m relay team in the preliminary rounds, being replaced by Felix in the final. She has a distinct head bob while running, something noticeable since high school.

Veronica Campbell Brown
Veronica Campbell Brown CD (née Campbell; born 15 May 1982) is a Jamaican retired track and field sprinter, who specialized in the 100 and 200 meters. An eight-time Olympic medalist, she is the second of three women in history to win two consecutive Olympic 200 m gold medals, after Bärbel Wöckel of Germany and compatriot Elaine Thompson-Herah. Campbell-Brown is one of only eleven athletes to win World Championship titles at the youth, junior, and senior levels of an athletic event.

She holds personal bests of 10.76 seconds for the 100 m and 21.74 seconds for the 200 m. She was the 100 m gold medallist at the 2007 World Championships in Athletics and the 200 m gold medallist at the 2011 World Championships in Athletics. She has also won seven silver medals and one bronze medal in her career at the World Championships in Athletics. Over 60 metres, she is a two-time champion at the IAAF World Indoor Championships.
Polyclonal antibodies
Polyclonal antibodies (pAbs) are antibodies that are secreted by different B cell lineages within the body (whereas monoclonal antibodies come from a single cell lineage). They are a collection of immunoglobulin molecules that react against a specific antigen, each identifying a different epitope.

Immunoglobulin G
Immunoglobulin G (IgG) is a type of antibody. Representing approximately 75% of serum antibodies in humans, IgG is the most common type of antibody found in blood circulation. IgG molecules are created and released by plasma B cells. Each IgG antibody has two paratopes.
John Shield
John George Shield (10 April 1915 – 24 October 1981) was an English footballer who played as a defender.

Shield was born in South Shields and graduated with a Bachelor of Science degree from Durham University in 1936. A leading amateur player, he was part of the Bishop Auckland side that won the 1935 FA Amateur Cup, and was said to be similar in style to Tom Bromilow. He worked as a teacher outside of football.

He played a single game for Liverpool F.C. in the 1936–37 season when he deputised for Jimmy McDougall in defence.

Tom Bromilow
Thomas George Bromilow (7 October 1894 – 4 March 1959) was an English international left half footballer who played for Liverpool between 1919 and 1930. He was virtually ever-present during the back-to-back League title triumphs of the early 1920s.
James Costos
James Costos (born 1963)  is an American diplomat who was the United States Ambassador to Spain and Andorra from 2013 to 2017. He was appointed by President Barack Obama and confirmed by the United States Senate on August 1, 2013.

Outside of his diplomatic work, Costos was an executive for HBO, and is the president of film production company Secuoya Studios. He was appointed as a member of the board of directors of, PJT Partners, in February 2017 shortly after completing his term as U.S. Ambassador to the Kingdom of Spain and the Principality of Andorra in January 2017, and the American LGBTQ advocacy group, Human Rights Campaign, in October 2021.

Human Rights Campaign
The Human Rights Campaign (HRC) is an American LGBTQ advocacy group. It is the largest LGBTQ political lobbying organization within the United States. Based in Washington, D.C., the organization focuses on protecting and expanding rights for LGBTQ individuals, including advocating for same-sex marriage, anti-discrimination and hate crimes legislation, and HIV/AIDS advocacy. The organization has a number of legislative initiatives as well as supporting resources for LGBTQ individuals.
River bifurcation
River bifurcation (from Latin: furca, fork) occurs when a river (a bifurcating river) flowing in a single channel separates into two or more separate streams (called distributaries) which then continue downstream. Some rivers form complex networks of distributaries, typically in their deltas. If the streams eventually merge again or empty into the same body of water, then the bifurcation forms a river island.

River bifurcation may be temporary or semi-permanent, depending on the strength of the material that is dividing the two distributaries. For example, a mid-stream island of soil or silt in a delta is most likely temporary, due to low material strength. A location where a river divides around a rock fin, e.g. a volcanically formed dike, or a mountain, may be more lasting as a result of higher material strength and resistance to weathering and erosion. A bifurcation may also be man-made, for example when two streams are separated by a long bridge pier.

River island
A river island is any exposed landmass surrounded by river water. Properly defined, it excludes shoals between seasonally varying flows and may exclude semi-coastal islands in river deltas such as Marajó.

These islands result from changes in the course of a river. Such changes may be caused by interactions with a tributary, or by the opposing fluvial actions of deposition and/or erosion that form a natural cut and meander. Nascent vegetation-free shoals and mudflats may dissipate and shift or build up into such islands through deposition; the process may be assisted through artificial reinforcement or natural factors, such as reeds, palms, evergreen trees or willows, that act as obstacles or erosion barriers, so that water flows around them. Islands may be small or large, covering many square kilometers, examples of which are given below.
Ludivine Kreutz
Ludivine Kreutz (born 24 September 1973) is a French professional golfer. She was French Amateur Champion in 1995 and joined the Ladies European Tour in 1998. She has won three titles on the tour and finished sixth on the Order of Merit in both 2003 and 2005. She represented Europe in the 2005 Solheim Cup.

Solheim Cup
The Solheim Cup is a biennial golf tournament for professional women golfers contested by teams representing Europe and the United States. It is named after the Norwegian-American golf club manufacturer Karsten Solheim, who was a driving force behind its creation.

The inaugural Cup was held in 1990, and the event was first staged in even numbered years until 2002, alternating years with the Ryder Cup (the equivalent men's event).  As part of the general reshuffling of team golf events after the one-year postponement of the 2001 Ryder Cup following the September 11 attacks, the Solheim Cup switched to odd numbered years beginning in 2003. Another reshuffle of team golf events took place in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the Solheim Cup returned to even numbered years beginning in 2024.

The United States teams have won the cup eleven times, compared with eight for Europe. The current holders are the US, who regained the cup with a 15.5–12.5 win in 2024.
Necromancer Isekai: How I Went from Abandoned Villager to the Emperor's Favorite
Necromancer Isekai: How I Went from Abandoned Villager to the Emperor's Favorite (Japanese: 報われなかった村人A、貴族に拾われて溺愛される上に、実は持っていた伝説級の神スキルも覚醒した, Hepburn: Mukuware Nakatta Murabito A, Kizoku ni Hirowarete Dekiai Sareru Ue ni, Jitsu wa Motteita Densetsu-kyū no Kami Sukiru mo Kakusei Shita; 'The Villager Who Was Abandoned, Was Picked Up by an Aristocrat and Awakened a Legendary Divine Skill') is a Japanese light novel series written by Nazuna Miki and illustrated by Kaito Shibano. It began serialization online in May 2020 on the user-generated novel publishing website Shōsetsuka ni Narō. It was later acquired by Shueisha, who have published eight volumes since February 2021 under their Dash X Bunko imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Suzume Kumo has been serialized online via Shueisha's Dash X Comic section of the Niconico Seiga website since December 2022 and has been collected in three tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation produced by Lunch Box has been announced.

Niconico
Niconico, Inc. (Japanese: ニコニコ, Hepburn: Nikoniko), known before 2012 as Nico Nico Douga (ニコニコ動画, Niko Niko Dōga), is a Japanese video sharing service based in Tokyo, Japan. "Niconico" or "nikoniko" is the Japanese ideophone for smiling. As of 2021, Niconico is the 34th most-visited website in Japan, according to Alexa Internet.

The site won the Japanese Good Design Award in 2007, and an Honorary Mention of the Digital Communities category at Prix Ars Electronica 2008. Between June 8, 2024 and August 5, 2024, its servers were affected by a cyberattack and the website was partially active.