hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
N. David Mermin
Nathaniel David Mermin (/ˈmɜːrmɪn/; born 30 March 1935) is a solid-state physicist at Cornell University best known for the eponymous Hohenberg–Mermin–Wagner theorem, his application of the term "boojum" to superfluidity, his textbook with Neil Ashcroft on solid-state physics, and for contributions to the foundations of quantum mechanics and quantum information science.

Abner Shimony
Abner Eliezer Shimony (/ʃɪˈmoʊni/; March 10, 1928 – August 8, 2015) was an American physicist and philosopher. He specialized in quantum theory and philosophy of science. As a physicist, he concentrated on the interaction between relativity theory and quantum mechanics. He authored many works and research on complementarity in quantum entanglement as well as multiparticle quantum interferometry, both relating to quantum coherence.  He authored research articles and books on the foundations of quantum mechanics. He received the 1996 Lakatos Prize for his work in philosophy of science. Shimony is also the author of Tibaldo and the Hole in the Calendar, a 1998 children's book about the calendar reform that has been translated into many languages.
Yancun, Beijing
Yancun Town (Chinese: 阎村镇; pinyin: Yáncūn Zhèn) is a town situated in the eastern part of Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It borders Xinzhen Subdistrict and Qinglonghu Town in its north, Xilu, Gongchen Subdistricts and Liangxiang Town in its east, Doudian Town in the south, Chengguan Subdistrict in the west, and contains Xingcheng Subdistrict as well as an exclave of Xinzhen Subdistrict within. It is home to 77,621 residents as of 2020.

The name came to be during the reign of Yongle Emperor of Ming dynasty. At the time eight families with the surname Yan moved here from Zhuozhou, and thus the settlement was known as Yancun (Chinese: 阎村; lit. 'Yan Village').

Xingcheng Subdistrict, Beijing
Xingcheng Subdistrict (Chinese: 星城街道; pinyin: Xīngchéng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located on eastern Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It is completedly surrounded by Yancun Town from all four sides. Its population was 21,663 in 2020.

The subdistrict's name Xingcheng is an abbreviation of Shoudu Weixingcheng (Chinese: 首都卫星城; lit. 'Capital Satellite City'), which was the nature of the region when it was formed back in 1996.
Birzeit University closures
Birzeit University is a public university in the West Bank, Palestine. As a frequent centre of Palestinian nationalism, there has been clashes between its students and Israel Defense Forces. It has been forcibly closed by the Israeli military fifteen times between 1973 and 1992.

Ministry of Defense (Israel)
The Ministry of Defense (Hebrew: משרד הביטחון, romanized: Misrad HaBitahon, lit. 'Ministry of Security', acronym: Hebrew: משהב"ט) of the government of Israel, is the governmental department responsible for defending the State of Israel from internal and external military threats. Its political head is the defense minister of Israel, and its offices are located in HaKirya, Tel Aviv.

The Ministry of Defense oversees most of the Israeli security forces, including the Israel Defense Forces (IDF), Israel Military Industries (IMI), and Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI).

The ministry was established when the British Mandate of Palestine ended, and the British Army departed Palestine and the State of Israel was formed. This ended the rag-tag militia units during British rule and gave way to the formal defense of the Jewish state.
Modesty (Corradini sculpture)
Modesty or Chastity (Italian: La Pudicizia) or Veiled Truth by Antonio Corradini is a sculpture completed in 1752 during the Rococo period. Corradini was commissioned by Raimondo di Sangro to sculpt a memorial for his mother in the Cappella Sansevero in Naples, where the marble sculpture still remains.

Raimondo di Sangro
Raimondo di Sangro, Prince of Sansevero (30 January 1710 – 22 March 1771) was an Italian nobleman, inventor, soldier, writer, scientist, alchemist and freemason best remembered for his reconstruction of the Sansevero Chapel in Naples.
Abell 223
Abell 223 is a galaxy cluster. It is located at a distance of 2.4 billion light-years from Earth.
The cluster is connected to nearby cluster Abell 222 by a filament of matter. Research has shown that only 20% of that matter is normal. The rest is thought to be dark matter. This means that this would form the Abell 222/ Abell 223 Supercluster as we understand them.

Galaxy cluster
A galaxy cluster, or a cluster of galaxies, is a structure that consists of anywhere from hundreds to thousands of galaxies that are bound together by gravity, with typical masses ranging from 1014 to 1015 solar masses. Clusters consist of galaxies, heated gas, and dark matter. They are the biggest known gravitationally bound structures in the universe. They were believed to be the largest known structures in the universe until the 1980s, when superclusters were discovered. Small aggregates of galaxies are referred to as galaxy groups rather than clusters of galaxies. Together, galaxy groups and clusters form superclusters.
Wui village
Wui village is located in Thuonoknyu circle of Noklak district in Nagaland, India. It is situated 32 km away from sub-district headquarter Thuonoknyu and 128 km away from district parent headquarter Tuensang. The language most widely spoken is Patsho Khiamniungan, of the Patsho people there.

Thuonoknyu
Thuonoknyu is a rural village under Noklak District of Nagaland State, India. The word Thuonoknyu is a combination of three words of Khiamniungan dialect i.e. 'Thuo' means last 'nok' means village 'nyu' means large. Presently there is a historical stone called 'Sangkongthong Long' at Thonoknyu Village. The language most widely spoken is Patsho Khiamniungan, that of the Patsho people there.
Miloš Obrenović's House
Milošev Konak (Serbian: Кућа Милоша Обреновића, romanized: Kuća Miloša Obrenovića) is the residence of Serbian Prince Miloš Obrenović, which is located in Gornja Crnuća in the municipality of Gornji Milanovac, Serbia, and is a Monument of Culture of Exceptional Importance for Serbia, added in 2000. Gornja Crnuća can be considered first, but the temporary capital of Serbia since the prince Miloš Obrenović ruled Serbia for two years from that house. This house is of extreme importance because in it decision was made on raising the Second Serbian Uprising. Permanent exhibition in the house contains copies of documents, photographs and reproductions of several original artifacts related to the insurrectionist period. One of the dormitory has preserved the authentic atmosphere, a fireplace with a part of furniture and built in cocklestove furnace.

Gornji Milanovac
Gornji Milanovac (Serbian Cyrillic: Гoрњи Милановац, pronounced [ɡôːrɲiː mǐlanoʋats] ⓘ) is a town and municipality located in the Moravica District of central Serbia. The population of the town is 23,109, while the population of the municipality is 38,985 (2022 census data).

The town was founded in 1853 as Despotovica (Деспотовица), after the river passing by the town. In 1859 the name was changed to Gornji Milanovac at the request of Prince Miloš Obrenović. Its name means Upper Milanovac (there is a Lower Milanovac as well, while Milanovac was named so in honour of revolutionary Milan Obrenović).

The microregion of Rudnik–Takovo (Serbian: Рудничко-таковски крај), or simply Takovo (Serbian: Таково, Таковски крај), in the broader sense roughly corresponds to the modern municipality of Gornji Milanovac. It includes the southern foothills of the Rudnik mountain, and northern foothills of Suvobor and Maljen. Some villages in the municipality are part of the Kačer region.
The Transformation of the World into Music
The Transformation of the World Into Music (German: Die Verwandlung der Welt in Musik - Bayreuth vor der Premiere) is a 1994 German documentary film directed by Werner Herzog. The film is about the Bayreuth Festival and Richard Wagner's operas, in particular The Flying Dutchman, Parsifal, Tristan und Isolde. The film was conceived as an introductory work "to a series of opera broadcasts on German television".

Bayreuth Festival
The Bayreuth Festival (German: Bayreuther Festspiele) is a music festival held annually in Bayreuth, Germany, at which performances of stage works by the 19th-century German composer Richard Wagner are presented. Wagner himself conceived and promoted the idea of a special festival to showcase his own works, in particular his monumental cycle Der Ring des Nibelungen and Parsifal.

Performances take place in a specially designed theatre, the Bayreuth Festspielhaus. Wagner personally supervised the design and construction of the theatre, which contained many architectural innovations to accommodate the huge orchestras for which Wagner wrote as well as the composer's particular vision about the staging of his works. The Festival has become a pilgrimage destination for Wagnerians and classical-music enthusiasts.
Craig Chandler
Craig B. Chandler is a Canadian businessman, lobbyist, and political activist. He is co-founder and CEO of the Progressive Group for Independent Business (PGIB). He is a political organizer for various right-wing groups in Albertan politics. He has run for political office multiple times, but has never been elected.

2008 Alberta general election
The 2008 Alberta general election was held on March 3, 2008, to elect members of the Legislative Assembly of Alberta.

It was expected to be called early because the governing Progressive Conservatives held a leadership election on December 2, 2006, in which Ed Stelmach was elected to replace Ralph Klein as party leader and Premier. The election was called when Stelmach formally advised Lieutenant Governor Norman Kwong to dissolve the Legislature, which happened on February 4, 2008.

With 53% of the popular vote, the Progressive Conservatives won a decisive majority over the Liberal and other parties, despite early suggestions of a closer race.

The 2008 election had the lowest voter turnout in the province's history, with only 40.59% of eligible voters casting a ballot.
Edmund Drummond
Edmund Drummond (17 January 1814 – 10 January 1895) was a British civil servant in India.

He was the third son of James Drummond, 6th Viscount Strathallan (de jure 8th Viscount) and the brother of William Drummond, 7th Viscount Strathallan.

He was educated at Magdalene College, Cambridge. He studied law at the Middle Temple and was called to the bar in 1848.

From 7 March 1863 to 10 March 1868 he held position of Lieutenant-Governor of the North-Western Provinces.  In 1875, he became a member of the Council of India

His son Edmund Charles Drummond was an admiral.

Council of India
The Council of India (1858 – 1935) was an advisory body to the Secretary of State for India, established in 1858 by the Government of India Act 1858. It was based in London and initially consisted of 15 members. The Council of India was dissolved in 1935 by the Government of India Act 1935. It is different from the Viceroy's Executive Council based in India, which was the advisory body and cabinet of the Governor-General of India/Viceroy, which was originally established in 1773 as the Council of Four.
Biker Mice from Mars (2006 video game)
Biker Mice from Mars is the second video game released under the same title. It is based on the 2006 revival in Finland, Australia, United Kingdom and United States; developed by Creat Studio for the PlayStation 2, and British company Full Fat for the Nintendo DS; published by The Game Factory; and first released in Europe in 2006 and 2007.

Full Fat
Full Fat is an independent British video game developer. The company was founded in 1996. The company's specialty has been developing games for hand-held devices including Nintendo's Game Boy, Game Boy Advance, Nintendo DS, Sony's PlayStation Portable (PSP), and lately mobile devices (iOS and Android). Other platforms include Sega's Dreamcast, Nintendo's Wii, and Microsoft Windows.
Originally based in Leamington Spa, England, the company moved to Coventry in 2001 and Warwick in 2011.
J. W. Burrow
John Wyon Burrow, FBA (4 June 1935 in Southsea – 3 November 2009 in Witney, Oxfordshire) was an English historian of intellectual history. His published works include assessments of the Whig interpretation of history and of historiography generally. According to The Independent:
"John Burrow was one of the leading intellectual historians of his generation. His pioneering work marked the beginning of a more sophisticated approach to the history of the social sciences, one that did not treat the past as being of interest only in so far as it anticipated the present."

Edward Gibbon
Edward Gibbon FRS (/ˈɡɪbən/; 8 May 1737 – 16 January 1794) was a British essayist, historian and minor politician. His most important and influential work, The History of the Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire, was published in six volumes between 1776 and 1789, to critical and commercial success. It is known for the quality and irony of its prose, its use of primary sources, and its polemical criticism of organized religion.
Treasure Island Ferry Terminal
Treasure Island Ferry Terminal is a ferry terminal on Treasure Island, San Francisco adjacent to the Administration Building. Treasure Island Community Development began construction of the terminal in 2019 in anticipation of the island's redevelopment with new homes and residents. Ferries operate daily between the San Francisco Ferry Building and the Treasure Island terminal and are operated by Prop SF. The terminal was expected to open in 2021, but officially opened on March 1, 2022, with the start of daily service.

Administration Building, Treasure Island
The Administration Building, Treasure Island, on Treasure Island, California, is a Moderne style building designed by William Peyton Day and George William Kelham. It has also been known as Building 1, as Command Naval Base San Francisco Headquarters, and as Naval Station Treasure Island.  It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008.

Construction began in 1937 with landfill and site preparation, and was completed in 1938.  During the Golden Gate International Exposition the building functioned as the terminal for Pan American Airways China Clipper transpacific flying boat service.  The United States Navy took over Treasure Island when the exposition ended and rather than continue as an airport, the building became an administration building.

The building housed a museum until 1997. In 2011, San Francisco purchased Treasure Island from the U.S. Navy and there are plans to reopen the museum as part of a redevelopment project.
Rito Romero
Rito Romero Loza (May 19, 1927 – January 18, 2001) was a successful luchador who wrestled in Mexico and in the NWA territories of Texas and Los Angeles.  He appeared in several films in his native country along with a number of other luchadors.  He is remembered for his innovation of the Romero Special/La Tapatia submission manoeuver, commonly known as the Surfboard.

Gory Guerrero
Salvador Guerrero Quesada (January 11, 1921 – April 18, 1990), better known as Gory Guerrero, was an American and Mexican professional wrestler, promoter, and booker. He was a major star of Lucha Libre during his time, and worked primarily in Empresa Mexicana de la Lucha Libre (EMLL) between the 1940s and 1960s, as well as for the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) in the United States. He was the patriarch of the Guerrero wrestling family.
Bedfordshire County Football League
The Bedfordshire County Football League (formed as the Bedford & District League in 1904), is an English football competition for clubs in and close to the county of Bedfordshire. It runs with four divisions (five in the previous two seasons) and is headed by the Premier Division, which is at step 7 (or level 11) of the National League System. The top club in the league may apply for promotion to the United Counties League Division One or the Spartan South Midlands League Division One.

The league runs separate league cups for each division – the Premier Division clubs play for the Britannia Cup, Division One clubs play for the Centenary Cup, Division Two sides compete for the Jubilee Cup, while Division Three teams play in the Watson Shield.

The league is affiliated to the Bedfordshire County Football Association.

Spartan South Midlands Football League
The Spartan South Midlands Football League is an English football league covering Hertfordshire, northwest Greater London, central Buckinghamshire and southern Bedfordshire. It is a feeder to the Southern Football League or the Isthmian League, and consists of five divisions – three for first teams (Premier Division, Division One and Division Two), and two for reserve teams (Reserve Division One and Reserve Division Two).

The Premier Division is at step 5 (or level 9) and Division One at step 6 (level 10) of the National League System (NLS) respectively. Division Two, at level 11, and the reserve divisions are not part of the NLS.
Battle of Losheim Gap
The Battle of Losheim Gap was fought in the Ardennes, in Eastern Belgium, between the Allies and Nazi Germany, part of the Battle of the Bulge. It was the first battle and spearhead of the German attack and inflicted disorder on the American front lines, paving the way for further German attacks deeper into the Ardennes. While both sides suffered high casualties, the German losses were comparatively irreplaceable as all reserves had been directed to the counteroffensive. This reflected the poor state of the German Army at the time, which would be the precedent for the following battles.

Meuse
The Meuse or Maas is a major European river, rising in France and flowing through Belgium and the Netherlands before draining into the North Sea from the Rhine–Meuse–Scheldt delta. It has a total length of 925 km (575 miles).
1999 International Raiffeisen Grand Prix
The 1999 International Raiffeisen Grand Prix was a men's tennis tournament played on Clay in St. Pölten, Austria that was part of the World Series of the 1999 ATP Tour. It was the nineteenth edition of the tournament and was held from 17 May until 23 May 1999. Second-seeded Marcelo Ríos won the singles title.

1999 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite professional tennis circuit organised by the ATP. The 1999 ATP Tour calendar comprises the Grand Slam tournaments, supervised by the International Tennis Federation (ITF), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organised by the ITF). Also included in the 1999 calendar are the Davis Cup and the Hopman Cup, which do not distribute ranking points, and are both organised by the ITF.

In April 1999 ATP signed a $1.2 billion 10-year-deal with the sports marketing agency ISL Worldwide to promote the sport. The deal gave ISL the commercial rights for the Super-9 tournaments as well as the ATP World Championship. The ATP also introduced a simplified ranking system and made participation in the Super-9 events mandatory for top players.
Arrow of time
The arrow of time, also called time's arrow, is the concept positing the "one-way direction" or "asymmetry" of time. It was developed in 1927 by the British astrophysicist Arthur Eddington, and is an unsolved general physics question. This direction, according to Eddington, could be determined by studying the organization of atoms, molecules, and bodies, and might be drawn upon a four-dimensional relativistic map of the world ("a solid block of paper").

The arrow of time paradox was originally recognized in the 1800s for gases (and other substances) as a discrepancy between microscopic and macroscopic description of thermodynamics / statistical physics. At the microscopic level physical processes are believed to be either entirely or mostly time-symmetric: if the direction of time were to reverse, the theoretical statements that describe them would remain true. Yet at the macroscopic level it often appears that this is not the case: there is an obvious direction (or flow) of time.

Asymmetry
In geometry and other fields, asymmetry is an absence or violation of symmetry in an object or process, such that some transformation (such as reflection in space) results in an observable difference. Symmetry is an important property of both physical and abstract systems and it may be displayed in precise terms or in more aesthetic terms. The absence of or violation of symmetry that are either expected or desired can have important consequences for a system.
Ľubomíra Kalinová
Ľubomíra Kalinová (born in Banská Bystrica on (1982-02-11)11 February 1982) is a Slovak biathlete.

Kalinová competed in the 2010 Winter Olympics for Slovakia. Her best performance was 80th in the individual. She also finished 81st in the sprint.

As of February 2013, her best performance at the Biathlon World Championships is 13th, as part of the 2009 Slovak women's relay team. Her best individual performance is 73rd, in the 2009 individual.

As of February 2013, Kalinová's best performance in a Biathlon World Cup event is 6th, as part of the women's relay team at Oberhof in 2011/12. Her best individual result is 31st, in the sprint at Vancouver in 2008/09.  Her best overall finish in the Biathlon World Cup is 86th, in 2008/09.

Biathlon World Cup
The Biathlon World Cup is a top-level biathlon season-long competition series. It has been held since the winter seasons of 1977–78 for men and 1982–83 for women. The women's seasons until 1986–87 season were called the European Cup, although participation was not restricted to Europeans.
Tonawanda Island Railroad
The Tonawanda Island Railroad (reporting mark TIRL) operated on a 1.5-mile branch of railroad extending from the Conrail Niagara Branch in North Tonawanda, New York to Tonawanda Island.

The railroad ceased to operate after the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) imposed an emergency order to prevent operation over a swing bridge that was found to be structurally deficient. The wood and metal bridge, known as bridge 7708810, crosses the Little River, a navigable waterway formed by the Niagara River, Ellicott Creek and Tonawanda Creek. Numerous FRA inspections also found the railroad's only piece of rolling stock, a 50-ton switcher locomotive, to be deficient.

Tonawanda Creek
Tonawanda Creek is a small tributary of the Niagara River in Western New York, United States. After rising in Wyoming County, the stream flows through Genesee County before forming part of the boundary between Erie County and Niagara County.
Trichochermes
Trichochermes is a genus of true bugs belonging to the family Triozidae.

The species of this genus are found in Eurasia.

Species:

Trichochermes certus Loginova, 1964

Trichochermes grandis Loginova, 1965

Trichochermes walkeri (Foerster, 1848)

Triozidae
Triozidae is one of seven families, collectively referred to as plant lice, based on the type genus Trioza. They had traditionally been considered part of a single family, Psyllidae, but recent classifications divide the superfamily into a total of seven families; most of the genera remain in the Psyllidae, but Triozidae is the third-largest family in the group.

The family contains a number of agricultural pest species including:

Baeoalitriozus diospyri, the persimmon psyllid

Bactericera cockerelli, the potato psyllid

Lauritrioza alacris, infesting bay trees and their relatives

Trioza erytreae, the African citrus psyllid
Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur
Maharishi Markandeshwar University, Sadopur (MMU Sadopur) is a private university at Sadopur, Ambala district, near the city of Ambala, in the state of Haryana, India. It was established by the Maharishi Markandeshwar University under the provisions of the Haryana Private Universities Act, 2006, and legislated under Haryana Govt. Act No. 29 of 2010.

Ambala district
Ambala district is one of the 22 districts of Haryana state in the country of India with Ambala town serving as the administrative headquarters of the district. District Ambala lies on the North-Eastern edge of Haryana and borders Punjab and Himachal Pradesh. Ambala district is a part of Ambala Division.