hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reproductive system of planarians
The reproductive system of planarians is broadly similar among different families, although the associated structures can vary in complexity.

All planarians are hermaphrodites, so their reproductive system has a male and a female part. Both parts communicate with the surface of the body via a single opening called gonopore, which is located on the ventral side of the posterior half of the body.

Gonopore
A gonopore, sometimes called a gonadopore, is a genital pore in many invertebrates. Hexapods, including insects, have a single common gonopore, except mayflies, which have a pair of gonopores. More specifically, in the unmodified female, it is the opening of the common oviduct, and in the male, it is the opening of the ejaculatory duct.

The position of the gonopore varies considerably between groups, but is generally constant within groups, allowing its position to be used as a "segmental marker". In Malacostraca, it is on the sixth thoracic segment; in Symphyla, it is on the fourth trunk segment; in arachnids, it is on the second segment of the opisthosoma. In insects and centipedes, the gonopores are close to the animal's tail, while in millipedes, they are on the third body segment behind the head, near the second pair of legs.
Private Training and Education Federation
The Private Training and Education Federation (French: Fédération formation et enseignement privés, FEP) is a trade union representing workers in the education sector who are not public employees, in France.

The union was founded on 8 May 1938, at a meeting in Lyon, as the Federation of Free Education.  It affiliated to the French Confederation of Christian Workers (CFTC), but achieved little before trade unions were banned during World War II.  In 1945, it was reactivated, and it grew steadily.  In 1964, it joined the majority of the CFTC in transferring to the new French Democratic Confederation of Labour, becoming the Private Education Federation.

By 1995, the union claimed 13,200 members.

French Confederation of Christian Workers
The French Confederation of Christian Workers (French: Confédération française des travailleurs chrétiens; CFTC) is one of the five major French confederation of trade unions, belonging to the social Christian tradition.

It was founded in 1919 as the Trade Union of Employees of Industry and Commerce under the inspiration of Exupérien Mas with the goal of safeguarding the material as well as the spiritual interests of its members. In 1964, the union split, a majority founding the French Democratic Confederation of Labour (CFDT), a non-confessional trade-union.

The CFTC is a member of the International Trade Union Confederation and the European Trade Union Confederation. Its leader is Jacques Voisin.
Cookie's Bustle
Cookie's Bustle: Mysterious Bombo World is a 1999 Japanese point-and-click adventure game created by Keisuke Harigai and published by Rodik on Windows and Mac OS. The game had a resurgence in 2022 because of persistent use of the Digital Millennium Copyright Act by a copyright troll to remove traces of the game's existence off of the internet.

Non-player character
A non-player character  (NPC) is a character in a game that is not controlled by a player. The term originated in traditional tabletop role-playing games where it applies to characters controlled by the gamemaster, or referee, rather than by another player. In video games, this usually means a computer-controlled character that has a predetermined set of behaviors that potentially will impact gameplay, but will not necessarily be the product of true artificial intelligence.
Astatotilapia flaviijosephi
Astatotilapia flaviijosephi, the Jordan mouthbrooder, is a  vulnerable species of freshwater fish in the family Cichlidae (cichlids). It is found in the central Jordan River system, including Lake Tiberias (Kinneret), in Israel, Jordan and Syria, making it the only haplochromine cichlid to naturally range outside of Africa. This species is too small to be of significant importance to fisheries, unlike the only other cichlids native to the Levant, the economically important tilapias (Oreochromis aureus, O. niloticus, Sarotherodon galilaeus, Coptodon zillii and Tristramella).

The specific name flaviijosephi refers to the historian Titus Flavius Josephus (37–c. 100 CE).

Oreochromis aureus
The blue tilapia (Oreochromis aureus) is a species of tilapia, a fish in the family Cichlidae. Native to Northern and Western Africa, and the Middle East, through introductions it is now also established elsewhere, including parts of the United States, where it has been declared an invasive species and has caused significant environmental damage. It is known as the blue kurper in South Africa.
Ischnochitonida
Ischnochitonida is an order of molluscs belonging to the class Polyplacophora.

Families:

Callistoplacidae Pilsbry, 1893

Callochitonidae Plate, 1901

Chaetopleuridae Plate, 1899

Chitonidae Rafinesque, 1815

†Gryphochitonidae

Ischnochitonidae Dall, 1889

Loricidae Iredale & Hull, 1923

Mopaliidae Dall, 1889

†Ochmazochitonidae

Schizochitonidae Dall, 1889

Schizoplacidae Bergenhayn, 1955

Subterenochitonidae

Tonicellidae Simroth, 1894

Chiton
Chitons (/ˈkaɪtənz, -tɒnz/) are marine molluscs of varying size in the class Polyplacophora (/ˌpɒlipləˈkɒfərə/ POL-ee-plə-KOF-ər-ə), formerly known as Amphineura. About 940 extant and 430 fossil species are recognized.

They are also sometimes known as sea cradles, coat-of-mail shells, or suck-rocks, or more formally as loricates, polyplacophorans, and occasionally as polyplacophores.

Chitons have a shell composed of eight separate shell plates or valves. These plates overlap slightly at the front and back edges, and yet articulate well with one another. Because of this, the shell provides protection at the same time as permitting the chiton to flex upward when needed for locomotion over uneven surfaces, and even allows the animal to curl up into a ball when dislodged from rocks. The shell plates are encircled by a skirt known as a girdle.
Toivola, Michigan
Toivola is an unincorporated community in Houghton County, Michigan, United States. The far-flung rural community is divided between Stanton Township, Adams Township, and Bohemia Township.  It is found along M-26, 8 miles (13 km) southwest of South Range, 16 miles (25.7 km) from Houghton, and 35 miles (56 km) from Ontonagon. Toivola has a post office with ZIP code 49965. The community's historic industries include mainly agrarian uses and lumbering.

Stanton Township, Michigan
Stanton Township is a civil township of Houghton County in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan. The population was 1,590 at the 2020 census. Stanton Township has the distinction of having the highest concentration of people with Finnish ancestry of any place in the United States, at 47%.
Line 9 (Suzhou Metro)
Line 9 of the Suzhou Metro (Chinese: 苏州轨道交通9号线), also known as the East-West Express Line (Chinese: 东西向快线) is a planned east–west rapid transit line in Suzhou. No official public construction date is available, however construction is expected to start before 2035. It will serve Suzhou New District, Gusu District, Suzhou Industrial Park, Kunshan, and Taicang.

Line 9 is planned as the East-West Express Line. Due to the lack of capacity on Line 1, Line 9 is to make up for rapid transit linking Suzhou New District, Gusu District, and Suzhou Industrial Park to Kunshan and Taicang.

Line 1 (Suzhou Metro)
Line 1 is the main east–west line of the Suzhou Metro system, and it started service on April 28, 2012. Line 1 is the first rapid transit line in Suzhou and this line is operated by Suzhou Rail Transit Co., Ltd.
Bombaso Formation
The Bombaso Formation, also known as Waidegger Conglomerate, Waidegger Group, Waidegg Formation or Collendiaul Formation, is a geologic formation in the Carnic Alps in southern Austria. It preserves fossils dated to the Moscovian age of the Carboniferous period.

Moscovian age
The Moscovian is in the ICS geologic timescale a stage or age in the Pennsylvanian, the youngest subsystem of the Carboniferous. The Moscovian age lasted from 315.2 to 307 Ma, is preceded by the Bashkirian and is followed by the Kasimovian. The Moscovian overlaps with the European regional Westphalian stage and the North American Atokan and Desmoinesian stages.
Gustavo Rizo Airport
Gustavo Rizo Airport (Spanish: Aeropuerto Gustavo Rizo) (IATA: BCA, ICAO: MUBA) is a domestic airport serving Baracoa, a city in the Cuban province of Guantánamo. It is located about 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) north of the city and has one runway and a passenger terminal.

Cubana de Aviación
Cubana de Aviación S.A. (Spanish pronunciation: [kuˈβana ðe‿ˌaβjaˈsjon]; lit. 'Cuban Airlines'), or simply Cubana, is the flag carrier and largest airline of Cuba. It was founded in October 1929, becoming one of the earliest airlines to emerge in Latin America.: 887  It has its corporate headquarters in Havana, and its home base is located at José Martí International Airport. Originally a subsidiary of Pan American World Airways and later a private company owned by Cuban investors, Cubana has been wholly owned by the Cuban government since May 1959.

Cubana was a founder and is a current member of the International Air Transport Association (IATA), the International Association of Aeronautical Telecommunications (SITA) and the International Association of Latin American Air Transportation (AITAL).
Skouson Harker
Skouson Hicken Harker (born February 16, 1977) is a Canadian former professional basketball player of the FIBA European Leagues. Harker is from Raymond, Alberta, Canada. After five seasons as a Head Coach in the British Basketball League, Harker most recently coached the Edmonton Energy of the International Basketball League.

Oregon Ducks
The Oregon Ducks are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent the University of Oregon, located in Eugene. The Ducks compete at the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I level as a member of the Big Ten Conference. With eighteen varsity teams, Oregon is best known for its American football team and track and field program, which has helped Eugene gain a reputation as "Track Town, USA". Oregon's main rivalries are with the Oregon State Beavers (the Civil War) and the Washington Huskies.
Lindsaeineae
Lindsaeineae is a suborder of ferns (Polypodiopsida), order Polypodiales, created by the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (2016). It consists of two monogeneric families plus the larger Lindsaeaceae with seven genera, and the suborder contains about 237 species overall. It corresponds to Lindsaeaceae sensu Smith 2016.

Cystodium sorbifolium
Cystodium is a fern in its own family, Cystodiaceae. It contains a single species: Cystodium sorbifolium (Sm.) J.Sm. 1841. Because it looks like a small tree fern, it had previously been placed in the tree fern family Dicksoniaceae. Subsequent analysis had moved it to the Lindsaeaceae, but the most recent phylogenetic studies have placed it in its own separate family, Cystodiaceae, with a sister relationship to the current Lindsaeaceae. A fossil species of the genus Cystodium sorbifolioides is known from the Cenomanian aged Burmese amber in Myanmar.
Tianyindadao station
Tianyindadao station (Chinese: 天印大道站; pinyin: Tiānyìndàdào Zhàn; lit. 'Tianyin Avenue station') is a station of Line 1 of the Nanjing Metro. It began operations on 28 May 2010, as part of the southern extension of line 1 from Andemen to CPU.

Andemen station
Andemen station (simplified Chinese: 安德门站; traditional Chinese: 安德門站; pinyin: Āndémén Zhàn) is a transfer station of Line 1 and Line 10 of the Nanjing Metro. It started operations on 3 September 2005 as part of Line 1's Phase I that ran north to Maigaoqiao; the previous branch of Line 1 from this station to Olympic Stadium was re-designated as Line 10 when that line opened on 1 July 2014, and Andemen became the eastern terminus of Line 10 at that time.

The station is located in Nanjing's Yuhuatai District; the Line 1 station is situated between Xiaohang Road (小行路) to the west and Andemen Street (安德门大街) to the east, while the Line 10 station is situated along the latter thoroughfare. The two-level station has a total area of 4,860.80 m2 (52,321.2 sq ft), and the Line 1 station is elevated with two side platforms, while the Line 10 station is underground with an island platform.
Andrew the Fool
Andrew of Constantinople (Andrew the Fool-for-Christ or Andrew, the Fool; Greek: Ἀνδρέας ὁ Σαλός) is considered a saint by the Eastern Orthodox Church, and is revered as a fool for Christ.

According to the Life of Andrew the Fool, he lived in the fifth century, during the reign of Byzantine emperor Leo I; however, some historians believe he lived in the ninth to tenth centuries, during the reign of Leo VI, due to anachronisms in the text and similarities to the lives of other holy fools, including Simeon the Holy Fool and Basil the Younger.

Simeon the Holy Fool
Simeon the Holy Fool (Abba Simeon, Saint Simeon Salos or Saint Simeon Salus, Greek: Συμεών (ὁ διὰ τὸν Χριστόν) Σαλός) was a Christian monk, hermit and saint of Byzantine-Syrian origin, who lived in the sixth century AD. He is venerated by the Eastern Orthodox Church and Roman Catholic Church as one of the first "fools for Christ". It is claimed that he simulated madness in order not to be venerated for his social deeds, dragging a dead dog around, throwing nuts at women, and generally acting like an imbecile.
Fate of the unlearned
The fate of the unlearned, also known as the destiny of the unevangelized, is an eschatological question about the ultimate destiny of people who have not been exposed to a particular theology or doctrine and thus have no opportunity to embrace it. The question is whether those who never hear of requirements issued through divine revelations will be punished for failure to abide by those requirements.

It is sometimes addressed in combination with the similar question of the fate of the unbeliever. Differing faith traditions have different responses to the question; in Western Christianity the fate of the unlearned is related to the question of original sin. As some suggest that rigid readings of religious texts require harsh punishment for those who have never heard of that religion, it is sometimes raised as an argument against the existence of God, and is generally accepted to be an extension or sub-section of the problem of evil.

Destiny
Destiny, sometimes also called fate (from Latin  fatum 'decree, prediction, destiny, fate'), is a predetermined course of events. It may be conceived as a predetermined future, whether in general or of an individual.
Brayton Hall
Brayton Hall is a ruined former mansion in Cumbria, England. Once the ancestral seat of the Lawson family, it stood in a large park, with views of the surrounding countryside and the mountains of the Lake District in the background. Located 1.5 miles east by north of the town of Aspatria, and 7 miles south west by west of the market town of Wigton, it was greatly enlarged and rebuilt in 1868. Brayton Hall was practically destroyed by fire in 1918.

Maryport
Maryport is a town and civil parish in the Cumberland district of Cumbria, England. The town is on the coast of the Solway Firth and lies at the northern end of the former Cumberland Coalfield. Maryport lies approximately 5 miles (8 km) north-west of the Lake District National Park. It includes the site of the Roman settlement of Alauna. The modern town was developed from the mid-18th century around a new harbour built at the mouth of the River Ellen. The parish also includes the village of Flimby. At the 2021 census, the built-up area had a population of 8,525, while the parish had a population of 10,865.
Afon Aber
The Afon Aber is a small river in Gwynedd that enters Liverpool Bay on the coast of North Wales at Abergwyngregyn, 53°14′31″N 4°01′37″W﻿ / ﻿53.242°N 4.027°W﻿ / 53.242; -4.027. It rises in the Carneddau mountains on the northern watersheds of Drum, Foel Fras and Garnedd Uchaf and the eastern watersheds of Drosgl and Moel Wnion. It is principally noted for the spectacular waterfall of one of its principal tributaries, the Aber Falls, where it leaves the hills and descends in a single drop to the valley floor. The river, joined by the other main tributary, the Afon Anafon, then flows through a densely wooded valley which is now a nature reserve before entering the sea just north of Abergwyngregyn.

Abergwyngregyn
Abergwyngregyn (Welsh: [abɛrɡwɨnˈɡrɛɡɨn]) is a village and community of historical note in Gwynedd, a county and principal area in Wales. Under its historic name of Aber Garth Celyn it was the seat of Llywelyn ap Gruffudd. It lies in the historic county of Caernarfonshire.

It is located at grid reference SH653726, adjacent to the A55, five miles (8 km) east of Bangor, eight miles (13 km) west of Conwy.

The Aber community, which covers an area of 2,970 hectares (11.5 mi2), has a population of 240 (2011).
London & South Eastern Railway
London & South Eastern Railway Limited, trading as Southeastern, was a British train operating company owned by Govia that operated passenger rail services in South East England. It was the key operator of commuter and regional services in South East London and Kent, and also served parts of East Sussex.

Southeastern commenced operations on 1 April 2006 as the franchisee for the new Integrated Kent franchise (IKF), replacing the publicly owned South Eastern Trains on the former South Eastern franchise. Initially set to operate the franchise for a period of eight years, the company received numerous extensions and was at one point contracted to operate through to 2022. However, the franchise was terminated early after it was discovered that the company had held onto £25 million of unaccounted-for taxpayer money. On 16 October 2021, operations were transferred to the Department for Transport-owned operator Southeastern.

Ebbsfleet International railway station
Ebbsfleet International railway station is in Ebbsfleet Valley, Kent, 10 miles (16 kilometres) east of London, England, near Dartford and the Bluewater Shopping Centre to the west and Gravesend to the east. The station, part of the Thames Gateway urban regeneration project, is on the High Speed 1 (HS1) rail line, 300 metres (980 feet) south-west of Northfleet railway station, off the A2 trunk road, 5 mi (8.0 km) from its junction with the M25 motorway. It served as a primary park-and-rail service for the London 2012 Olympics.

Ebbsfleet International is owned by HS1 Ltd, which operates the High Speed 1 railway and St Pancras railway station, Stratford International, Ebbsfleet International and Ashford International.
Jeffrey R. MacDonald
Jeffrey Robert MacDonald (born October 12, 1943) is an American former medical doctor and United States Army captain who was convicted in August 1979 of murdering his pregnant wife and two daughters in February 1970 while serving as an Army Special Forces physician.

MacDonald has always proclaimed his innocence of the murders, which he claims were committed by four intruders—three male and one female—who had entered the unlocked rear door of his apartment at Fort Bragg, North Carolina, and attacked him, his wife, and his children with instruments such as knives, clubs and ice picks. Prosecutors and appellate courts have pointed to strong physical evidence attesting to his guilt. He is currently incarcerated at the Federal Correctional Institution in Cumberland, Maryland.

The MacDonald murder case remains one of the most litigated murder cases in American criminal history.

Forensic identification
Forensic identification is the application of forensic science, or "forensics", and technology to identify specific objects from the trace evidence they leave, often at a crime scene or the scene of an accident. Forensic means "for the courts".
Haplochromis bartoni
Haplochromis bartoni was a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Victoria.  This species can reach a length of 19.5 centimetres (7.7 in) SL. It has not been recorded in recent surveys but as the whole of Lake Victoria has not been surveyed for this species the IUCN classify it as Data Deficient. This species was said by Greenwood to bear some resemblance to Haplochromis worthingtoni so he named this species after E. Barton Worthington (1905-2001) as well.

Haplochromis worthingtoni
Haplochromis worthingtoni is a species of cichlid endemic to Lake Kyoga in Uganda.  This species reaches a length of 14.1 centimetres (5.6 in) SL. The specific name honours the explorer E. Barton Worthington (1905–2001) who collected the type of this species with type with Michael Graham.
C-class cruiser
The C class was a group of twenty-eight light cruisers of the Royal Navy, and were built in seven groups known as the Caroline class (six ships), the Calliope class (two ships), the Cambrian class (four ships), the Centaur class (two ships), the Caledon class (four ships), the Ceres class (five ships) and the Carlisle class (five ships). They were built for the rough conditions of the North Sea, and proved to be rugged and capable vessels, despite being somewhat small and cramped.

QF 2-pounder naval gun
The 2-pounder gun, officially the QF 2-pounder (QF denoting "quick firing") and universally known as the pom-pom, was a 40 mm (1.6 in) British autocannon, used as an anti-aircraft gun by the Royal Navy. The name came from the sound that the original models make when firing. This QF 2-pounder was not the same gun as the Ordnance QF 2-pounder, used by the British Army as an anti-tank gun and a tank gun, although they both fired 2 lb (0.91 kg), 40 mm (1.6 in) projectiles.
Diesel exhaust
Diesel exhaust is the exhaust gas produced by a diesel engine, plus any contained particulates. Its composition may vary with the fuel type, rate of consumption or speed of engine operation (e.g., idling or at speed or under load), and whether the engine is in an on-road vehicle, farm vehicle, locomotive, marine vessel, or stationary generator or other application.

Diesel exhaust causes lung cancer and other diseases such as asthma, and many premature deaths. Methods exist to reduce nitrogen oxides (NOx) and particulate matter (PM) in the exhaust.

Some countries have set a date to stop selling diesel vehicles, and some city centres will ban diesel cars.

IARC group 1
IARC group 1 Carcinogens are substances, chemical mixtures, and exposure circumstances which have been classified as carcinogenic to humans by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC). This category is used when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in humans. Exceptionally, an agent (chemical mixture) may be placed in this category when evidence of carcinogenicity in humans is less than sufficient, but when there is sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity in experimental animals and strong evidence in exposed humans that the agent (mixture) acts through a relevant mechanism of carcinogenicity.

This list focuses on the hazard linked to the agents. This means that while carcinogens are capable of causing cancer, it does not take their risk into account, which is the probability of causing a cancer, given the level of exposure to this carcinogen.
The list is up to date as of January 2026, including all agents classified by Volumes 1–140 of the IARC Monographs.
West of Shanghai
West of Shanghai is a 1937 American adventure film directed by John Farrow and starring Boris Karloff as a Chinese warlord. It is based on the 1920 Porter Emerson Browne play The Bad Man. Three other films, all titled The Bad Man, are also based on the same play:

in 1923, directed by Edwin Carewe and starring Holbrook Blinn

in 1930, directed by Clarence Badger and starring Walter Huston

in 1941, starring Wallace Beery and Ronald Reagan and directed by Richard Thorpe.

The Bad Man (1941 film)
The Bad Man is a 1941 American Western film starring Wallace Beery and featuring Lionel Barrymore, Laraine Day, and Ronald Reagan. The movie was written by Wells Root from the 1920 Porter Emerson Browne play of the same name and directed by Richard Thorpe. The film is a remake of the 1923 silent version and the 1930 remake starring Walter Huston.  The 1941 supporting cast includes Tom Conway and Chill Wills.