hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fallen Empires (album)
Fallen Empires is the sixth studio album by Northern Irish–Scottish alternative rock band Snow Patrol, released on 11 November 2011 (10 January 2012 in North America). It is their first album to feature future member Johnny McDaid, who was credited as guest musician and songwriter in the album liner notes, and would officially join the band following the tour. It is also their last album with keyboardist Tom Simpson, who left the band in 2013. American singer Lissie provided additional vocals for six songs on the album ("I'll Never Let Go", "The Weight of Love", "The Garden Rules", "Fallen Empires", "Berlin", and "Those Distant Bells").

Johnny McDaid
Johnny McDaid (born 24 July 1976) is a Northern Irish singer-songwriter, musician and record producer. He is a member of Snow Patrol and a former member of Vega4. McDaid has written songs with artists including Westlife, P!nk and Robbie Williams. He is a frequent collaborator with singer-songwriter Ed Sheeran and co-wrote the pop song Shape of You.
Napeequa Peak
Napeequa Peak is an 8,073-foot (2,461-metre) pyramidal mountain summit located in the Glacier Peak Wilderness of the North Cascades in Washington state. The mountain is situated on the crest of the Cascade Range, on the shared border of Snohomish County and Chelan County, also straddling the boundary between the Mount Baker-Snoqualmie National Forest and the Wenatchee National Forest. Its nearest neighbor is Cirque Mountain, 0.3 mi (0.48 km) to the north, and the nearest higher peak is Buck Mountain, 2.56 mi (4.12 km) to the east-southeast. Precipitation runoff from the peak drains east to the headwaters of Napeequa River; or west into the Suiattle River. The mountain's name is taken from the river's name, which was applied by Albert Hale Sylvester (1871-1944), a pioneer surveyor, explorer, topographer, and forest supervisor in the Cascades.

Buck Mountain (Washington)
Buck Mountain is an 8,534-foot (2,601-metre) mountain summit in the Glacier Peak Wilderness of the North Cascades in Washington state. The mountain is located in Chelan County, in the Wenatchee National Forest. The nearest higher neighbor is Clark Mountain, 3.98 mi (6.41 km) to the southwest, and Brahma Peak is set 1.8 mi (2.9 km) to the south. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into Buck Creek, Chiwawa River, and Napeequa River, each a tributary of the Wenatchee River. The mountain's toponym was applied by Albert Hale Sylvester (1871-1944), pioneer surveyor, explorer, topographer, and forest supervisor in the Cascades.
2018 Mnet Asian Music Awards
The 2018 Mnet Asian Music Awards ceremony, organized by CJ E&M through its music channel Mnet, took place from December 10 through December 14, 2018 (dubbed as "MAMA Week") in South Korea, Japan and Hong Kong. The ceremony was the first Mnet Asian Music Awards hosted in South Korea in nine years, the 20th ceremony in the show's history, and the second ceremony which took place in three locations. This was also the first ceremony broadcast worldwide online via YouTube. The three days event generated over 50 million messages sent on Twitter.

Four Grand Prizes (Daesangs) were given throughout the ceremonies; The inaugural Worldwide Icon of the Year is given alongside Album of the Year, Song of the Year and Artist of the Year.

CJ ENM Entertainment Division
CJ ENM Entertainment Division (Korean: 씨제이이엔엠 엔터테인먼트 부문), formerly known as CJ E&M, is a South Korean entertainment and mass media division (formerly company) of CJ ENM. In July 2018, the company merged with the parent company's subsidiary CJ O Shopping, with the latter being the surviving entity.
Melbourne tram route 67
Melbourne tram route 67 is operated by Yarra Trams on the Melbourne tram network from Melbourne University to Carnegie. The 15.5-kilometre (9.6 mi) route is operated out of Glenhuntly depot with Z and B class trams.

Z-class Melbourne tram
The Z-class are single-unit bogie trams that operate on the Melbourne tram network. Between 1975 and 1983, 230 trams spanning three sub-classes were built by Comeng, in Dandenong. The design was based on two similar Gothenburg tram models, and a prototype built by the Melbourne & Metropolitan Tramways Board. While the Z1 and Z2-class trams were very similar, the Z3-class had significant design changes.

Since introduction they have had a variety of liveries, and modifications. The Z1 and Z2-class trams have been retired, with 86 Z3-class trams remaining in service.
April Rose (politician)
April R. Rose (born 1968 or 1969)  is an American politician who is a member of the Republican Party who represents the fifth district in the Maryland House of Delegates. She has also served as the Assistant Minority Leader since 2021.

Justin Ready
Justin D. Ready (/ˈriːdiː/ REE-dee; born April 15, 1982) is an American politician who has served as a member of the Maryland Senate since 2015, representing District 5 in Carroll County. He previously represented the district in the Maryland House of Delegates from 2011 to 2015.
Karunamayudu
Karunamayudu (transl. Man of Compassion/The Compassionate One; also commonly known as Ocean of Mercy from its titles in other languages) is a 1978 Indian Telugu-language biographical film written and directed by A. Bhimsingh. It stars Vijayachander as Jesus of Nazareth. The film won two Nandi Awards, was notable for two song sequences narrating the Birth of Jesus and Entry into Jerusalem, the film was screened at the International Film Festival of India.

It was followed by Dayamayudu (1987), starring  Vijayachander as Saint Paul, which can considered as a sequel to Karunamayudu. A Hindi television series titled Dayasagar aired on DD National, the national public broadcaster, in the 1990s with Vijayachander reprising the role of Jesus Christ.

Nandi Awards
The Nandi Awards were annual awards presented by the Government of Andhra Pradesh to recognise excellence in Telugu cinema, theatre, and television, as well as lifetime achievements in Indian cinema. The awards were named after the monolithic sculpture of the sacred bull in Hinduism, Nandi, at Lepakshi, a cultural and historical symbol of the Telugu people.

The Nandi Awards were categorised into four levels: Swarnam (Gold), Rajatam (Silver), Kamsyam (Bronze), and Raagi (Copper). In addition to film and television awards, the government also presented the Nandi Natakotsavam Awards to honour outstanding contributions in social, mythological, and poetic dramas in Telugu theatre.
Stock market
A stock market, equity market, or share market is the aggregation of buyers and sellers of stocks (also called shares), which represent ownership claims on businesses; these may include securities listed on a public stock exchange as well as stock that is only traded privately, such as shares of private companies that are sold to investors through equity crowdfunding platforms. Investments are usually made with an investment strategy in mind.

Market maker
A market maker or liquidity provider is a company or an individual that quotes both a buy and a sell price in a tradable asset held in inventory, hoping to make a profit on the difference, which is called the bid–ask spread or turn. This stabilizes the market, reducing price variation (volatility) by setting a trading price range for the asset.

In U.S. markets, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission defines a "market maker" as a firm that stands ready to buy and sell stock on a regular and continuous basis at a publicly quoted price. A Designated Primary Market Maker (DPM) is a specialized market maker approved by an exchange to guarantee a buy or sell position in a particular assigned security, option, or option index.
Frederik Sirtema van Grovestins
Frederik Sirtema van Grovestins (1668 – 3 November 1750) was a Dutch States Army officer. He advanced through the various ranks in the army, from captain and cavalry captain (Ritmeester) to lieutenant-general of cavalry (11 March 1727). Furthermore, he became general-quarter-master of the army and colonel of a regiment on foot at the repartition of Zeeland. In 1712 he became governor of Bouchain, in 1718 of Bergen-op-Zoom.

He was an outstanding cavalry commander who played an important role in various campaigns and battles. He also was an excellent military theorist, who stressed to the cavalry of the Allies to seek their strength in combat with the bladed weapon, something that possibly influenced Friedrich Wilhelm von Seydlitz when he developed the Prussian cavalry later in the 18th century.

Bouchain
Bouchain (French pronunciation: [buʃɛ̃] ⓘ; West Flemish: Boesem) is a commune in the Nord department in northern France.

It lies halfway between Cambrai and Valenciennes. Bouchain, seat of the early medieval County of Ostrevent, was taken by Arnulf I, Count of Flanders, in the 10th century and eventually subsumed into the County of Hainaut.

During the War of the Spanish Succession, when the town was fortified, Bouchain was besieged twice. On 12 September 1711 it was seized from the French after a 34 day siege by the Grand Alliance led by the Duke of Marlborough. It was again besieged, and recaptured by French forces, on 19 October 1712 after an 18 day siege.
Svend Haugaard
Svend Haugaard (1913–2003), was a Danish politician and party leader. Member of Folketinget for the Social Liberal Party 1964–1979. Agronomist. Headmaster of an agricultural high school. Was part of a leftist oppositional party faction during the party leadership of Hilmar Baunsgaard. Followed the latter as party leader but achieved a poor election result in February 1977. Haugaard had a lifelong personal and organizational commitment to pacifism. In translation, his memoirs from 1989 are called No words without deeds.

Hilmar Baunsgaard
Hilmar Baunsgaard (26 February 1920 – 30 June 1989) was a Danish politician who served as the prime minister of Denmark from 1968 to 1971. He was a member of the Danish Social Liberal Party and the party's leader from 1968 to 1975. He was preceded and succeeded by the Social Democratic leader of that time, Jens Otto Krag as prime minister. Between 1948 and 1951, Baunsgaard served as the chairman of Social Liberal Youth of Denmark. In 1957, he became a Member of Parliament. He also served as minister of commerce from 1961 to 1964 under Viggo Kampmann and Jens Otto Krag.

Baunsgaard had an education in trade, and worked in the private business sector.
Gaspard Deridder
Gaspard Deridder (4 March 1918 – 1977) was a Belgian boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics.

In 1936 he was eliminated in the second round of the welterweight class after losing his fight to Hens Dekkers.

Hens Dekkers
Heinrich "Hens" Gerardus Dekkers (May 6, 1915 – November 19, 1966) was a Dutch boxer who competed in the 1936 Summer Olympics in Berlin, Germany.

He was born in Rotterdam and died in The Hague. He was the older brother of Tin Dekkers.

In 1936 he was eliminated in the quarterfinals of the welterweight class after losing his fight to the upcoming silver medalist Michael Murach.
Helena Riggs
Helena E. Riggs (December 18, 1899 – October 7, 1968) was an American neuropathologist at Philadelphia General Hospital and the University of Pennsylvania. In 1948, she was one of the first two neuropathologists to be certified by the American Board of Pathology, and in 1950 she served as the first woman President of the Philadelphia Neurological Society. The Diagnostic Slide Session O.T. Bailey-Helena Riggs Award is given in her honor by the American Association of Neuropathologists.

Blockley Almshouse
The Blockley Almshouse, later known as Philadelphia General Hospital, was a charity hospital and poorhouse located in West Philadelphia.  It originally opened in 1732/33 in a different part of the city as the Philadelphia Almshouse (not to be confused with the Friends' Almshouse, established 1713). Philadelphia General Hospital closed in 1977.
Jungle Warriors
Jungle Warriors, also called The Czar of Brazil (Euer Weg führt durch die Hölle, "Your Path Leads Through Hell", in Germany) is an action film, released in the United States in November 1984. The film was shot in Mexico and the old West Germany, but recreated the scenario of a South American jungle.  Though is not a well-known film, it stars—among other recognized names—Sybil Danning (a famous American B-movie actress), Dana Elcar (MacGyver's boss on the celebrated TV series) and Paul L. Smith (who appeared in movies like Midnight Express, Dune and Red Sonja). Renowned movie star Dennis Hopper had a secondary role on the film, but later was replaced by actor Marjoe Gortner.

Paul L. Smith
Paul Lawrence Smith (June 24, 1936 – April 25, 2012) was an American actor. Burly, bearded and imposing, he appeared in feature films and occasionally on television since the 1960s, generally playing "heavies" and bad guys. His most notable roles include Hamidou, the vicious prison guard in Midnight Express (1978), Bluto in Robert Altman's Popeye (1980), Gideon in the ABC miniseries Masada (1981), Glossu "Beast" Rabban in David Lynch's Dune (1984) and Falkon in Red Sonja (1985). He was most frequently credited as Paul Smith or Paul L. Smith, but was also billed as P. L. Smith and Paul Lawrence Smith.
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2007 took place 22 February – 4 March 2007 in Sapporo, Japan. It was the second time this city has hosted these championships, having previously done so in the 1972 Winter Olympics.  Sapporo was selected as venue by vote at the 43rd FIS World Congress in Portorož, Slovenia, on 6 June 2002. It also marked the third time the championships were hosted outside Europe in a year that did not coincide with the Winter Olympics; it was the first championship held in Asia. The ski jumping team normal hill event was not held, as it had been in 2005.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2005
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2005 took place 16–27 February 2005 in Oberstdorf, Germany, for the second time after hosting it previously in 1987. The ski jumping team normal hill event returned after not being held in 2003. The double pursuit distances of 10 km (5 km classical mass start + 5 km freestyle pursuit) women and 20 km (10 km classical mass start + 10 km freestyle pursuit) men were lengthened to 15 km for women (7.5 km classical mass start + 7.5 km freestyle pursuit) and 30 km for men (15 km classical mass start + 15 km freestyle pursuit). Team sprint was also added as well. The Nordic combined 4 × 5 km team event had its change between ski jumping points and cross-country skiing start time changed from 1 point equals to 1.5 seconds to 1 point equals 1 second at this championship.
Sandbox: The Music of Mark Sandman
Sandbox: The Music of Mark Sandman (also known as Sandbox: Mark Sandman Original Music) is a posthumously-released 2-CD/1-DVD set of music written and performed by American musician Mark Sandman released in November 2004 by Hi-N-Dry and distributed by KUFALA.

The set contains 31 songs on the CDs, mostly unreleased before Sandbox, while the accompanying DVD contains music videos, interviews, live performances, artwork, and photos.The songs are performed by Sandman and his various bands and projects, including solo recordings, song with Morphine, Treat Her Right, Hipnosonics, Pale Brothers, Supergroup, Candy Bar, Treat Her Orange. However, none of the tracks on the two CDs are credited to a particular band.

Hi-n-Dry
Hi-N-Dry was a Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA-based independent record label and recording studio. Founded by Morphine singer and bassist Mark Sandman, the studio and label became managed by former Morphine bandmates Dana Colley and Billy Conway along with Laurie Sargent and Andrew Mazzone (now deceased). Once located in Sandman's former loft apartment (now the Industry Lab in Cambridge), the studio moved to the Center for the Arts at the Armory in Somerville, Massachusetts in December 2007. In 2008, Hi-N-Dry started the "Mark Sandman Music Project", whereby local musicians and volunteers work with children to help teach them, and develop their interest in, music. The label folded some time before the move to the Armory. A few years after the move, Hi-N-Dry was officially ended and the studio and lease were handed over to others to run for several years as "Armory Sound," still retaining some of the original Hi-N-Dry equipment.
Jay Chern
Jay Chern (Chinese: 陳鈺杰) is a Taiwanese-American film director, screenwriter and producer. His short film Thief (Xiao Tou) (2011) won a Best Short Film award at the 2011 Golden Horse Film Festival, as well as a Best Directing award at Taiwan's Golden Bell Awards.

Golden Bell Awards
The Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 金鐘獎; pinyin: Jīnzhōngjiǎng) is an annual Taiwanese television and radio production award presented in October or November each year by the Bureau of Audiovisual and Music Industry Development, a division of Taiwan's Ministry of Culture. It is the first radio and television production award in Chinese circulation, founded in 1965, and Taiwan's equivalent to the Emmy Awards. It is also one of the three major annual entertainment and cultural awards presented in Taiwan, along with the Golden Melody Awards for music and the Golden Horse Film Festival and Awards for films. The awards were presented by the Government Information Office until 2011.

Currently, there are two main streams presented at separate ceremonies: Television Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 電視金鐘獎) and Broadcast Golden Bell Awards (Chinese: 廣播金鐘獎).
G 99-47
G 99-47 (V1201 Orionis) is a nearby degenerate star (white dwarf) of spectral class DAP8 (DAP8.9, or DAP8.7), the single known component of the system, located in the constellation Orion. G 99-47 is the 10th-closest known white dwarf, the next closest after LP 658-2 and GJ 3991 B.

The mass of G 99-47 is 0.71±0.03 Solar masses; its surface gravity is 108.20 ± 0.05 (1.58 · 108) cm·s−2, or approximately 162 000 of Earth's, corresponding to a radius 7711 km, or 121% of Earth's. Its temperature is 5790 ± 110 K, almost like the Sun's; its cooling age, i. e. age as degenerate star (not including lifetime as main sequence star and as giant star) is 3.97 Gyr. Due almost equal to the Sun's temperature, GJ 1087 should appear almost the same white color as the Sun. The white dwarf has a strong magnetic field, with measured vertical component near surface equal to 560 T.

GJ 3991
GJ 3991 (also known as Gliese 3991 and G 203-47) is a binary star system located 24.2 light-years away in the constellation Hercules. It consists of a red dwarf star with 20–30% the mass of the Sun, and a white dwarf star roughly 50% the mass of the sun. The two components orbit each other in a tight orbit only 0.11 astronomical units from each other, with an orbital period of only 14.71 days. Due to their small separation, the two objects have never been visually resolved and are merely predicted from the radial velocity changes of GJ 3991, making the system a spectroscopic binary.
Great Canadian flag debate
The Great Canadian flag debate (or Great Flag Debate) was a national debate that took place in 1963 and 1964 when a new design for the national flag of Canada was chosen.

Although the flag debate had been going on for a long time prior, it officially began on June 15, 1964, when Prime Minister Lester B. Pearson proposed his plans for a new flag in the House of Commons. The debate lasted more than six months and bitterly dividing politicians and the general public over the design of a new Canadian flag.  The debate over the proposed new Canadian flag was ended by closure on December 15, 1964. It resulted in the adoption of the "Maple Leaf" as the Canadian national flag, which remains the official national flag of Canada.

The flag was inaugurated on February 15, 1965, a date that has been commemorated as National Flag of Canada Day since 1996.

Cloture
Cloture (/ˈkloʊtʃər/, also UK: /ˈkloʊtjʊər/), closure or, informally, a guillotine, is a motion or process in parliamentary procedure aimed at bringing debate to a quick end.

The cloture procedure originated in the French National Assembly, from which the name is taken. Clôture is French for "the act of terminating something".

It was introduced into the Parliament of the United Kingdom by William Ewart Gladstone to overcome the obstructionism of the Irish Parliamentary Party and was made permanent in 1887.

It was subsequently adopted by the United States Senate and other legislatures. The name cloture remains in the United States. In Commonwealth countries it is usually closure or, informally, guillotine. In the United Kingdom and Canada closure and guillotine are distinct motions.
Spot market
The spot market or cash market is a public financial market in which financial instruments or commodities are traded for immediate delivery. It contrasts with a futures market, in which delivery is due at a later date.  In a spot market, settlement normally happens in T+2 working days, i.e., delivery of cash and commodity must be done after two working days of the trade date.  A spot market can be through an exchange or over-the-counter (OTC).  Spot markets can operate wherever the infrastructure exists to conduct the transaction.

Financial instrument
A financial instrument is a monetary contract between parties. They can be created, traded, modified and settled. They can be cash (currency), evidence of an ownership, interest in an entity or a contractual right to receive or deliver in the form of currency (forex); debt (bonds, loans); equity (shares); or  derivatives (options, futures, forwards).

International Accounting Standards IAS 32 and 39 define a financial instrument as "any contract that gives rise to a financial asset of one entity and a financial liability or equity instrument of another entity".

Financial instruments may be categorized by "asset class" depending on whether they are foreign exchange-based (reflecting foreign exchange instruments and transactions), equity-based (reflecting ownership of the issuing entity) or debt-based (reflecting a loan the investor has made to the issuing entity). If the instrument is debt it can be further categorized into short-term (less than one year) or long-term.
Gujranwala District
Gujranwala District is a district within the Gujranwala Division of Punjab, Pakistan. It is bordered by the districts of Wazirabad, Sialkot, Hafizabad and Sheikhupura. Gujranwala district has 5 National Assembly and 12 Punjab Assembly constituencies.

Sukerchakia Misl
The Sukerchakia Misl was one of twelve Sikh misls in Punjab during the 18th century, concentrated in Gujranwala and Hafizabad districts in western Punjab (in modern-Pakistan) and ruled from (1752–1801). The misl, or grouping with its own guerilla militia (jatha), was founded by Charat Singh of Sandhawalia, grandfather of Maharaja Ranjit Singh. The last Sukerchakia Misldar (commander of the Misl) was Maharaja Ranjit Singh. Towards the end of the eighteenth century, Maharaja Ranjit Singh united all the misls and established an independent Sikh Empire. The ruling-family of the misl were of a Jat background.
1996 EA-Generali Ladies Linz – Doubles
Meredith McGrath and Nathalie Tauziat were the defending champions but only McGrath competed that year with Manon Bollegraf.

Bollegraf and McGrath won in the final 6–4, 6–4 against Rennae Stubbs and Helena Suková.

Helena Suková
Helena Suková (Czech pronunciation: [ˈɦɛlɛna ˈsukovaː]) (born 23 February 1965) is a Czech former professional tennis player. She was ranked as the world No. 1 in women's doubles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA), and No. 4 in singles. Suková won 14 major titles: nine in women's doubles and five in mixed doubles. She is also a two-time Olympic silver medalist in doubles, a four-time major singles runner-up, and won a total of ten singles titles and 69 doubles titles.