hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Norman Frederick Hastings
Major Norman Frederick Hastings, DSO (14 July 1879 – 9 August 1915) served as Officer Commanding New Zealand's 6th (Manawatu) Squadron, Wellington Mounted Rifles Regiment.  After serving with British military units during the Second Anglo-Boer War in South Africa, he worked as an engineering fitter with the New Zealand Railways Department workshops at Petone.  He enlisted in the New Zealand Expeditionary Force at the outbreak of World War I, and served with distinction before dying of wounds after the attack on Chunuk Bair, Gallipoli, in August 1915. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Order (second only to the Victoria Cross for officers), was Mentioned in Despatches, and was one of only 14 members of the New Zealand Army to receive the French Legion of Honour decoration during the war.  The memorial flagstaff at Petone railway station appears to have been erected in his honour, and was the site of New Zealand's first public Anzac Day ceremony on 25 April 1916.

Anzac Day
Anzac Day is a national day of remembrance in Australia, New Zealand and Tonga that broadly commemorates all Australians and New Zealanders "who served and died in all wars, conflicts, and peacekeeping operations" and "the contribution and suffering of all those who have served". Observed on 25 April each year, Anzac Day was originally devised to honour the members of the Australian and New Zealand Army Corps (ANZAC) who served in the Gallipoli campaign, their first engagement in the First World War (1914–1918).
James D. Y. Collier
James Digby Yarlet Collier (born December 1958) is a British physicist and engineer. He was the chief technology officer of Neul Limited. Previously, he held several technical and executive positions at Cambridge Silicon Radio (CSR), UbiNetics, Cambridge Consultants and Schlumberger

Cambridge Consultants
Cambridge Consultants, a part of Capgemini Invent, develops products and services, creates and licenses intellectual property, and provides business consultancy for clients. In 2021, Cambridge Consultants became part of Capgemini Invent.

The company has offices in Cambridge (UK), Boston (USA), Tokyo, and Singapore, and works in industries including medical and life sciences, industrial and energy, consumer and retail, and communications and infrastructure.
Port Elizabeth Central (House of Assembly of South Africa constituency)
Port Elizabeth Central (Afrikaans: Port Elizabeth-Sentraal) was a constituency in the Cape Province of South Africa, which existed from 1910 to 1994. As the name indicates, the seat covered the central area of Port Elizabeth (now Gqeberha). Throughout its existence it elected one member to the House of Assembly and one to the Cape Provincial Council.

House of Assembly (South Africa)
The House of Assembly (known in Afrikaans as the Volksraad, or "People's Council") was the lower house of the Parliament of South Africa from 1910 to 1981, the sole parliamentary chamber between 1981 and 1984, and latterly the white representative house of the Tricameral Parliament from 1984 to 1994, when it was replaced by the current National Assembly. Throughout its history, it was composed exclusively of white members who were elected to office predominantly by white citizens, though until 1960 and 1970, respectively, some Black Africans and Coloureds in the Cape Province voted under a restricted form of suffrage.

The old House of Assembly chamber was severely damaged in a fire in January 2022.
Sareka Mooka
Sareka Mooka (born 10 December 1999) is an Australian professional rugby league footballer.

A prop or second-row, she is a Prime Minister's XIII and Indigenous All Stars representative and played for the North Queensland Cowboys in the NRL Women's Premiership.

North Queensland Cowboys Women
The North Queensland Cowboys Women is an Australian professional rugby league football club based in Townsville, the largest city in North Queensland. They compete in Australia's premier women's rugby league competition, the NRL Women's Premiership (NRLW).
Marcel Monette
Marcel Monette (28 January 1895 – 17 January 1966) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was born in Saint-Édouard-de-Napierville, Quebec and became a baker by career.

He was first elected at the Mercier riding in a 1949 by-election. Monette was re-elected to successive terms in 1953 and 1957 then defeated in 1958 by André Gillet of the Progressive Conservative party.

André Gillet
André Gillet (3 November 1916 – 29 June 1993) was a Canadian businessman and politician. Gillet was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was an administrator, builder and contractor by career.

He was first elected at the Mercier riding in the 1958 general election. After serving his only federal term, the 24th Canadian Parliament, he was defeated at Mercier by Prosper Boulanger of the Liberal Party in the 1962 election. Gillet's further attempts to unseat Boulanger in the 1963 and 1965 elections were likewise unsuccessful.
Saurolophus
Saurolophus (/sɔːˈrɒləfəs/; meaning "lizard crest") is a genus of large hadrosaurid dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous period of North America and Asia, in what is now the Horseshoe Canyon and Nemegt formations respectively (about 70 to 66 million years ago). It is one of the few dinosaur genera known from multiple continents. The type species, S. osborni, was described by Barnum Brown in 1912 from Canadian fossils. A second valid species, S. angustirostris, is represented by numerous specimens from Mongolia, and was described by Anatoly Konstantinovich Rozhdestvensky. Saurolophus is distinguished by a spike-like crest which projects up and back from the skull. It was a herbivorous dinosaur which could move either bipedally or quadrupedally.

Barnum Brown
Barnum Brown (February 12, 1873 – February 5, 1963), commonly referred to as Mr. Bones, was an American paleontologist. He discovered the first documented remains of Tyrannosaurus during a career that made him one of the most famous fossil hunters working from the late Victorian era into the early 20th century.
Persipasi Kota Bekasi
Persatuan Sepakbola Indonesia Patriot Kota Bekasi (simply known as Persipasi; formerly known as Patriot Chandrabhaga and PCB Persipasi) is an Indonesian football club based in Bekasi, West Java that competes in Liga 4. Their home base is Patriot Candrabhaga Stadium which is the inspiration for the club name.

In November 2021, Patriot Candrabhaga FC merged with Persipasi Bekasi to form PCB Persipasi and their target is to enter Liga 2. In May 2022, the club reverted their name back into Persipasi as an effort from Askot PSSI Bekasi to mend relations with the club's supporters who had alienated the club after their merger with Patriot Candrabhaga.

Liga 4 (Indonesia)
Liga 4 (English: League Four) is the fourth-tier of the football competition system in Indonesia. The competition is organized by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI) and the first season started in 2024.
Tarkhan Mazara
Tarkhan Mazara or Tarkhan Majara is a medium size village in Phillaur tehsil of Jalandhar District of Punjab State, India. It is located 1;km away from postal head office Atti, 5.6 km from Phillaur, 41.9 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 128 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Atti, Jalandhar
Atti is a village in Phillaur tehsil of Jalandhar District of Punjab State, India. It is located 2 km away from national highway 1 and 3.5 km away from postal head office Bara Pind. The village is 7 km away from Goraya,  12 km from Phillaur, 40 km from Jalandhar, and 121 km from state capital Chandigarh. The village is administrated by Sarpanch who is elected representative of village.
Immigration F.C.
Immigration Football Club, also known as Imigresen or IFC Malaysia, is a professional football club based in Putrajaya, Malaysia. They are playing in the Malaysia Super League from the 2025–26 season, after promotion from the Malaysia A1 Semi-Pro League. The club is also involved in the Malaysia FA Cup.

Malaysia Super League
The Malaysia Super League (Malay: Liga Super Malaysia), known simply as the Super League (Malay: Liga Super), is the men's top professional football division of the Malaysian football league system. Administered by the Football Malaysia Limited Liability Partnership (FMLLP), now known as the Malaysian Football League (MFL), the Malaysia Super League is contested by 13 clubs. Until 2022, it operated on a system of promotion and relegation with the Malaysia Premier League, with the two lowest-placed teams relegated and replaced by the promoted top two teams in that division. It has replaced the former top-tier league, Liga Perdana 1, which ran from 1998 to 2003.

37 clubs have competed since the inception of the Malaysia Super League in 2004, with eight winning the title (Selangor, Kedah Darul Aman, Kelantan, Sri Pahang, Perlis, Negeri Sembilan, LionsXII and Johor Darul Ta'zim). The current champions are Johor Darul Ta'zim, which won their eleventh title in the 2024–25 edition.
Opos the Brave
Opos the Brave (Hungarian: Bátor Opos, Latin: Bator Opus; died after 1074) was a Hungarian legendary knight and folk hero, who participated in numerous campaigns in the middle of the 11th century. His deeds were recorded by the Gesta Ladislai regis, a near-contemporary part of the 14th-century manuscript, the Illuminated Chronicle, whose author preserved traces of a lost epic poem of chivalresque tradition centered around Opos. Legends arose around Opos including how he defeated the dragon hiding in the depths of the Ecsed Marsh (Lacus Etsediensis), which is the basis for which the notable Báthory family considered Opos to be their legendary ancestor.

Chronicon Pictum
The Chronicon Pictum or Illuminated Chronicle (Hungarian: Képes Krónika, Slovak: Obrázková kronika, German: Ungarische Bilderchronik, also referred to as the Illustrated Chronicle, Chronica Hungarorum, Chronicon Hungarie Pictum, Chronica Picta or Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum) is a medieval illustrated chronicle from the Kingdom of Hungary from the 14th century. It represents the artistic style of the royal court of King Louis I of Hungary. The codex is a unique source of art, medieval and cultural history.

The chronicle's full name is: Chronicon Pictum – Marci de Kalt Chronica de Gestis Hungarorum (Illustrated Chronicle – Mark of Kalt's Chronicle About the Deeds of the Hungarians).
Argument from reason
The argument from reason is a transcendental argument against metaphysical naturalism and for the existence of God (or at least a supernatural being that is the source of human reason). The best-known defender of the argument is C. S. Lewis. Lewis first defended the argument at length in his 1947 book, Miracles: A Preliminary Study. In the second edition of Miracles (1960), Lewis substantially revised and expanded the argument.

Contemporary defenders of the argument from reason include Alvin Plantinga, Victor Reppert and William Hasker.

William Hasker
R. William Hasker (/ˈhæskər/; born 1935) is an American philosopher and Distinguished Professor Emeritus of Philosophy at Huntington University. For many years, he was editor of Faith and Philosophy and has published many journal articles and books dealing with issues such as the mind–body problem, theodicy, and divine omniscience.
Bangor and Aroostook Railroad
The Bangor and Aroostook Railroad (reporting mark BAR) was a United States railroad company that brought rail service to Aroostook County in northern Maine. Brightly-painted BAR boxcars attracted national attention in the 1950s. First-generation diesel locomotives operated on BAR until they were museum pieces. The economic downturn of the 1980s, coupled with the departure of heavy industry from northern Maine, forced the railroad to seek a buyer and end operations in 2003. It was succeeded by the Montreal, Maine and Atlantic Railway.

Boxcar
A boxcar is the North American (AAR) and South Australian Railways term for a railroad car that is enclosed and generally used to carry freight. The boxcar, while not the simplest freight car design, is considered one of the most versatile since it can carry most loads. Boxcars have side sliding doors of varying size and operation, and some include end doors and adjustable bulkheads to load very large items.

Similar covered freight cars outside North America are covered goods wagons and, depending on the region, are called goods van (UK and Australia), covered wagon (UIC and UK) or simply van (UIC, UK and Australia).
Balabhadra Radha Krishna
Air Marshal Balabhadra Radha Krishna, PVSM, AVSM, SC, ADC is a retired officer of the Indian Air Force. He served as the Chief of Integrated Defence Staff (the Vice Chief of Defence Staff) from 30 September 2021 till 31 March 2023. He is former Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief (AOC-in-C), Western Air Command. He took over the office on 1 July 2021, following the elevation of Air Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari. Previously, he served as the Director General Air (Operations) and prior to that he served as Senior Air Staff Officer of South Western Air Command.

Vivek Ram Chaudhari
Air Chief Marshal Vivek Ram Chaudhari, PVSM AVSM VM ADC is a retired four-star air officer of the Indian Air Force who served as the Chief of the Air Staff. He took over as the 27th Chief of Air Staff succeeding Air Chief Marshal Rakesh Kumar Singh Bhadauria on 30 September 2021. He previously served as the 45th Vice Chief of the Air Staff. He earlier served as the Air Officer Commanding-in-Chief Western Air Command and as the Deputy Chief of Air Staff.
Where the Stars and Stripes and the Eagle Fly
"Where the Stars and Stripes and the Eagle Fly" is a song written by Kenny Beard, Casey Beathard, and co-written and recorded by American country music singer Aaron Tippin. The song reached number 2 on the Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks chart for one week, held from the top spot by Alan Jackson's "Where Were You (When the World Stopped Turning)". In addition to this, 'Fly' also peaked at number 20 on the Billboard Hot 100, marking Tippin's first and, to date, only entry into the Top 20. In addition, it was Tippin's last single to reach the Top Ten on the country charts. The song was released in the wake of the September 11 attacks. All proceeds from the single went to the Red Cross and its relief efforts for the families of the victims. According to then label president, Randy Goodman, the single raised approximately $250,000.

Casey Beathard
Casey Michael Beathard (/ˈbɛθərd/ BETH-ərd; born December 2, 1965) is an American country music songwriter. The son of former National Football League general manager Bobby Beathard, and father of Jacksonville Jaguars quarterback C. J. Beathard, and country music artist Tucker Beathard, he has co-written singles for several country music recording artists, including top-ten singles for Gary Allan, Billy Ray Cyrus, Trace Adkins, Kenny Chesney, and Eric Church.

In 2004 and 2008, he received Broadcast Music, Inc.'s Songwriter of the Year award for his contributions.
Justice Powers (American football)
Justice Powers (born April 7, 1996) is an American former professional football offensive tackle. He played college football at UAB. He was a member of the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL), the Hamilton Tiger-Cats and Ottawa Redblacks of the Canadian Football League (CFL), and the Birmingham Stallions of the United States Football League (USFL).

Birmingham Stallions (2022)
The Birmingham Stallions are a professional American football team based in Birmingham, Alabama. The Stallions compete in the United Football League (UFL). They were a founding member of the second iteration of the United States Football League (USFL) in 2022. The Stallions are owned and operated by Dwayne Johnson's Alpha Acquico and Fox Corporation, and play their home games at Protective Stadium. They have won three league championships since their founding, defeating the Philadelphia Stars 33–30 in 2022 and the Pittsburgh Maulers 28–12 in 2023 as part of the USFL, and most recently the San Antonio Brahmas 25–0 in the inaugural UFL Championship Game in 2024.
Colorado River Water Conservation District
The Colorado River Water Conservation District, commonly referred to as the Colorado River District or more simply the "River District," is a public water planning and policy agency for the U.S. state of Colorado that was created in 1937 pursuant to the Water Conservancy District Act of Colorado. This is the same legislation that enabled the creation of the Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District, "Northern Water" and the Colorado Water Conservation Board, "CWCB". All of these entities were created in the era of public works investments and economic development under the Franklin D. Roosevelt Administration following the Great Depression and the Dust Bowl.

Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District
The Northern Colorado Water Conservancy District — more commonly referred to as Northern Water — is a water utility for eight counties in northeastern Colorado. Northern Water works with the Colorado-Big Thompson Project to transfer water from the Colorado Western Slope over the Continental Divide for agricultural, industrial, and municipal water supply in northeastern Colorado. The District's offices are in Berthoud, Colorado.
Glyn Ceiriog
Glyn Ceiriog (Welsh: Glynceiriog) is the principal settlement of the Ceiriog Valley and a community in Wrexham County Borough, north-east Wales. Glyn Ceiriog translates simply as Ceiriog Valley, though there are other villages in the valley. The village and community is technically known, in traditional Welsh naming style, as Llansantffraid Glyn Ceiriog or sometimes Llansanffraid Glyn Ceiriog, which means church of St Ffraid (the Welsh name of Saint Brigid of Kildare) in the Ceiriog Valley, but it has come to be known simply as Glyn Ceiriog, or even Glyn for short. The name Llansanffraid is now more associated with other villages of the same name.

It is in the Clwyd South Senedd constituency and the Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr UK parliamentary constituency.

A former slate mining village, it lies on the River Ceiriog and on the B4500 road, about 6 miles (10 km) west of Chirk. It is south of Llangollen.

Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr
Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr (Welsh: Maldwyn a Glyndŵr) is a constituency of the House of Commons in the UK Parliament, first contested at the 2024 United Kingdom general election, following the 2023 review of Westminster constituencies.

The constituency name refers to the former county of Montgomeryshire and the former district of Glyndŵr. The official spelling of the constituency, in English and Welsh, uses the spelling 'Glyndŵr' with a circumflex over the "w".

Upon its abolition, the predecessor seat, Montgomeryshire, was the only one in Wales never to elect a member of the Labour Party. At the 2024 election Montgomeryshire and Glyndŵr elected Steve Witherden, the first Labour MP ever to represent the Montgomeryshire area in the House of Commons, meaning that the party has now won in every area of Wales at some point in its history.
Mining in Wales
Mining in Wales provided a significant source of income to the economy of Wales throughout the nineteenth century and early to mid twentieth century. It was key to the Industrial Revolution in Wales, and to the whole of Great Britain.

Wales was famous for its coal mining, in the Rhondda Valley, the South Wales Valleys and throughout the South Wales coalfield and by 1913 Barry had become the largest coal exporting port in the world, with Cardiff as second, as coal was transported down by rail. Northeast Wales also had its own coalfield and Tower Colliery (closed January 2008) near Hirwaun is regarded by many as the oldest open coal mine and one of the largest in the world. Welsh coal was regarded as some of the best burning and highest quality material for power generation, railroading, shipping, and was sold for higher prices. Wales has also had a significant history of mining for slate, gold and various metal ores, making it one of the most materially rich plains in the world.

Hirwaun
Hirwaun (/ˈhɪərwaɪn/, locally /ˈhɜːrwɪn/; Welsh pronunciation: [ˈhɪrwai̯n] ⓘ) is a village and community at the north end of the Cynon Valley in the County Borough of Rhondda Cynon Taf, South Wales. It is 4 miles (6 km) NW of the town of Aberdare, and comes under the Aberdare post town. At the United Kingdom Census 2021 census, Hirwaun had a population of 5237;. The village is on the Heads of the Valleys Road and at the southern edge of the Brecon Beacons National Park.
Glenister v President (2008)
Glenister v President of the Republic of South Africa and Others, often known as Glenister I, is a 2008 decision of the Constitutional Court of South Africa on the separation of powers and the scope of judicial review. The Constitutional Court unanimously dismissed an application by businessman Hugh Glenister, who challenged Cabinet's decision to introduce draft legislation that would disband the Scorpions.

In his judgment, handed down on 22 October 2008, Chief Justice Pius Langa held that judicial intervention in pending legislation is not appropriate except in exceptional cases in which immediate intervention is required to prevent material and irreversible harm.

Separation of powers
The separation of powers principle functionally differentiates several types of state power (usually legislation, adjudication, and execution) and requires these operations of government to be conceptually and institutionally distinct and clearly articulated, thereby maintaining the integrity of each branch. To put this model into practice, government is divided into structurally independent branches to perform various functions (most often a legislature, a judiciary and an administration, sometimes known as the trias politica). When each function is allocated strictly to one branch, a government is described as having a high degree of separation; whereas, when one person or branch plays a significant part in the exercise of more than one function, this represents a fusion of powers. When one branch holds unlimited state power and delegates its powers to other organs as it sees fit, as is the case in communist states, that is called unified power.
Stevan Lieberman
Stevan H. Lieberman (born July 22, 1965 in Brooklyn, New York City) is an American lawyer, regarded as a legal expert in intellectual property law and patent law. He is a partner of the Washington, D.C.–based law firm, Greenberg & Lieberman, with Michael Greenberg, established in 1996. As part of the firm, Lieberman has been involved in hundreds of UDRP or trademark infringement disputes, and he is considered a pioneer in the technology-law areas of virtual worlds, domain names and software, cited by CNN as "among the virtual world's earning elite." Among the first lawyers in the world to begin generating a significant revenue and client base via online virtual worlds such as Second Life; he is the co-founder and CEO of two virtual reality websites.

Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy
The Uniform Domain-Name Dispute-Resolution Policy (UDRP) is a process established by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers (ICANN) for the resolution of disputes regarding the registration of internet domain names. The UDRP currently applies to all generic top level domains (.com, .net, .org, etc.), some country code top-level domains, and to all new generic top-level domains (.xyz, .online, .top, etc.).