hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Penetrant (mechanical, electrical, or structural)
Penetrants, or penetrating items, are the mechanical, electrical or structural items that pass through an opening in a wall or floor, such as pipes, electrical conduits, ducting, electrical cables and cable trays, or structural steel beams and columns. When these items pierce a wall or floor assembly, they create a space between the penetrant and the surrounding structure which can become an avenue for the spread of fire between rooms or floors. Building codes require a firestop to seal the openings around penetrants.

Electrical cable through-penetration, fire-stopped by an intumescent sealant, to restore the two-hour fire-resistance rating of the concrete floor.

Steel beam through-penetration.

Intumescent
An intumescent substance is one that swells as a result of heat exposure, leading to an increase in volume and decrease in density. Intumescence refers to the process of swelling. Intumescent materials are typically used in passive fire protection and require listing, approval, and compliance in their installed configurations in order to comply with the national building codes and laws.

The details for individual building parts are specified in technical standards which are compiled and published by national or international standardization bodies like the British Standards Institute (BSI), the German Institute for Standardization (DIN), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) or the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).

Intumescent coatings for steel constructions must be approved in standardized fire tests.
Special senses
In medicine and anatomy, the special senses are the senses that have specialized organs devoted to them:

vision (the eye)

hearing and balance (the ear, which includes the auditory system and vestibular system)

smell (the nose)

taste (the tongue)

The distinction between special and general senses is used to classify nerve fibers running to and from the central nervous system – information from special senses is carried in special somatic afferents and special visceral afferents. In contrast, the other sense, touch, is a somatic sense which does not have a specialized organ but comes from all over the body, most noticeably the skin but also the internal organs (viscera). Touch includes mechanoreception (pressure, vibration and proprioception), pain (nociception) and heat (thermoception), and such information is carried in general somatic afferents and general visceral afferents.

Sense of balance
The sense of balance or equilibrioception is the perception of balance and spatial orientation. It helps prevent humans and nonhuman animals from falling over when standing or moving. Equilibrioception is the result of a number of sensory systems working together; the eyes (visual system), the inner ears (vestibular system), and the body's sense of where it is in space (proprioception) ideally need to be intact.

The vestibular system, the region of the inner ear where three semicircular canals converge, works with the visual system to keep objects in focus when the head is moving. This is called the vestibulo-ocular reflex (VOR). The balance system works with the visual and skeletal systems (the muscles and joints and their sensors) to maintain orientation or balance. Visual signals sent to the brain about the body's position in relation to its surroundings are processed by the brain and compared to information from the vestibular and skeletal systems.
Desmond Pacey
William Cyril Desmond Pacey FRSC (May 1, 1917 – July 4, 1975) was a pioneer of Canadian literary criticism. He was also a notable author of verse and short fiction and a long-time university administrator. He was awarded the Lorne Pierce Medal by the Royal Society of Canada in 1972.

As chair of the University of New Brunswick English Department in the 1940s, Pacey worked closely with Roy Daniels of the University of British Columbia to initiate English PhD programs at both universities, effectively breaking the academic stranglehold the University of Toronto held on higher education in Canadian universities.

Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada
Fellowship of the Royal Society of Canada (FRSC) is an award granted to individuals that the Royal Society of Canada judges to have "made remarkable contributions in the arts, the humanities and the sciences, as well as in Canadian public life". As of 2020, there are more than 2,000 living Canadian fellows, including scholars, artists, and scientists such as Margaret Atwood, Philip J. Currie, David Suzuki, Brenda Milner, and Demetri Terzopoulos. There are four types of fellowship:

Honorary fellows (a title of honour)

Regularly elected fellows

Specially elected fellows

Foreign fellows (neither residents nor citizens of Canada)
Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site
The Benjamin Harrison Presidential Site, previously known as the Benjamin Harrison Home, is the former home of the 23rd president of the United States, Benjamin Harrison. It is in the Old Northside Historic District of Indianapolis, Indiana. Harrison's 16-room house was built from 1874 to 1875. It was from the front porch of the house that Harrison instituted his famous Front Porch Campaign in the 1888 United States presidential campaign, often speaking to crowds on the street. In 1896, Harrison renovated the house and added electricity. He died there in a second-story bedroom in 1901. Today it is owned by the Arthur Jordan Foundation and operated as a museum to the former president by the Benjamin Harrison Foundation.

Front porch campaign
A front porch campaign is an electoral campaign used in American politics in which the candidate remains close to or at home where they issue written statements and give speeches to supporters who come to visit. The candidate largely does not travel around or otherwise actively campaign. The presidential campaigns of James A. Garfield in 1880, Benjamin Harrison in 1888, William McKinley in 1896, and Warren G. Harding in 1920 are perhaps the best-known front porch campaigns.
Fort d'Uxegney
The Fort d'Uxegney, or Fort Roussel, is part of the fortifications of Épinal. It was built near the village of Uxegney between 1882 and 1884, and was modernized in 1910. It is an example of a Séré de Rivières system fortification. It retains its armament and is maintained as a museum.

Located 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) northwest of Épinal, the Fort d'Uxegney is part of a 43-kilometre (27 mi) line of sixteen major fortifications designed to bar the advance of a German army into France. It retains a functioning example of an eclipsing Galopin turret. Armed with a 155mm gun, the assembly weighs 250 tons and was installed in 1907. A considerable amount of the fort's equipment remains in place, including kitchens, living facilities and details of armament, in an unusually good state of preservation.

Séré de Rivières system
The Séré de Rivières system was an ensemble of fortifications built from 1874 along the frontiers, ridges and coasts of France. The fortifications were named after their architect, Brigadier-General Raymond Adolphe Séré de Rivières. The fortresses were obsolescent by 1914 but were used during the First World War.
Kyle Krisiloff
Kyle Krisiloff (born March 3, 1986) is an American former professional racing driver. He is the son of former Champ Car racer, Steve Krisiloff, the nephew of Tony George, and the grandson of Mari Hulman George. He became the youngest BMX rider in the United States, when he began racing BMX bicycles at just three years old. He raced quarter midgets from 1995 to 1999, winning over 320 features and nine Grand National Championships.

Tony George
Anton Hulman "Tony" George (born December 30, 1959) is the former Chairman, President, and CEO of the Indianapolis Motor Speedway and Hulman & Company, serving from 1989 to 2009. He was also formerly on the Board of Directors of both entities. He founded the Indy Racing League and co-owned Vision Racing and currently co-owns Ed Carpenter Racing.

George is the grandson of Tony Hulman, who purchased the Indianapolis Motor Speedway at the end of World War II, and Mary Fendrich Hulman. He is the son of Mari Hulman George. George is a former driver, having competed in the 1989 Indy Lights championship, finishing 12th in points and capturing five top-tens.
Journey 2: The Mysterious Island
Journey 2: The Mysterious Island is a 2012 American science fantasy action-adventure film serving as a standalone sequel to Journey to the Center of the Earth (2008), and based on Jules Verne's novel The Mysterious Island (1875); like its predecessor, Verne's novel exists within the film's universe. Directed by Brad Peyton from a script by Brian and Mark Gunn, it stars Dwayne Johnson, Michael Caine, Josh Hutcherson, Vanessa Hudgens, Luis Guzmán, and Kristin Davis. The story follows Sean Anderson who, after receiving a distress call from his long-lost grandfather, mounts a rescue to a mysterious island with help from his militaristic stepfather and the crew of a helicopter tour.

Journey 2: The Mysterious Island was released in theaters on February 10, 2012, by Warner Bros. Pictures. It received mixed reviews, but was a box office success with a worldwide gross of $335 million, surpassing its predecessor.

From the Earth to the Moon
From the Earth to the Moon: A Direct Route in 97 Hours, 20 Minutes (French: De la Terre à la Lune, trajet direct en 97 heures 20 minutes) is an 1865 novel by Jules Verne. It tells the story of the Baltimore Gun Club, a post–American Civil War society of weapons enthusiasts, and their attempts to build an enormous Columbiad space gun and launch three people – the Gun Club's president, his Philadelphian armor-making rival, and a French poet – in a projectile with the goal of a Moon landing. Five years later, Verne wrote a sequel called Around the Moon. There are two modern unabridged English translations by Walter James Miller (1978) and Frederick Paul Walter (2010).
Pineau d'Aunis
Pineau d'Aunis (French pronunciation: [pino donis]; also known as Chenin noir [ʃənɛ̃ nwaʁ]) is a red French wine grape variety that is grown primarily in the Loire Valley around Anjou and Touraine.

A favorite of Henry Plantagenet, the English king had Pineau d'Aunis wine first brought to England in 1246. Today the grape is permitted in several Appellation d'origine contrôlée (AOC) wine regions of the Loire Valley, including Cheverny and Coteaux du Vendômois.

While a red wine grape, Pineau d'Aunis is often treated like Pinot noir and used to make rosé and white wines in both still and sparkling wine styles.

Phenolic content in wine
Phenolic compounds—natural phenol and polyphenols—occur naturally in wine.  These include a large group of several hundred chemical compounds that affect the taste, aroma, bouquet, color and mouthfeel of wine. These compounds include phenolic acids, stilbenoids, flavonols, dihydroflavonols, anthocyanins (enocyanin), flavanol monomers (catechins) and flavanol polymers (proanthocyanidins). This large group of natural phenols can be broadly separated into two categories, flavonoids and non-flavonoids. Flavonoids include the anthocyanins and tannins which contribute to the color and mouthfeel of the wine. The non-flavonoids include the stilbenoids such as resveratrol and phenolic acids such as benzoic, caffeic and cinnamic acids.
Ching Fat (constituency)
Ching Fat (Chinese: 青發) is one of the 31 constituencies of the Kwai Tsing District Council in Hong Kong. The seat elects one member of the council every four years. It was first created in the 1994 elections. Its boundary is loosely based on part of Cheung Fat Estate, Ching Nga Court, Ching Tai Court and Ching Wang Court in Tsing Yi with estimated population of 17,863.

Tsing Yi
Tsing Yi (Chinese: 青衣), sometimes referred to as Tsing Yi Island, is an island in the New Territories of Hong Kong, to the northwest of Hong Kong Island and south of Tsuen Wan. With an area of 10.69 km2 (4.13 sq mi), the island has been extended drastically by reclamation along almost all its natural shore and the annexation of Nga Ying Chau (牙鷹洲) and Chau Tsai. Three major bays or harbours, Tsing Yi Lagoon, Mun Tsai Tong, and Tsing Yi Bay (青衣灣) in the northeast, have been completely reclaimed for new towns.

The island is generally zoned into four quarters: the northeast quarter is a residential area, the southeast quarter is Tsing Yi Town, the southwest holds heavy industry, and the northwest includes a recreation trail, a transportation interchange and some dockyards and ship building industry. The island is in the northwest of Victoria Harbour and part of its coastline is subject to the Protection of the Harbour Ordinance.
Burin, Nablus
Burin (Arabic: بورين) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate of the State of Palestine, in the northern West Bank, located 7 kilometres (4.3 mi) southwest of Nablus. The town had a population of 2,844 in 2017.

Nablus Governorate
The Nablus Governorate (Arabic: محافظة نابلس, romanized: Muḥāfaẓat Nāblus) is an administrative district of Palestine located in the Central Highlands of the West Bank, 53 km north of Jerusalem. It covers the area around the city of Nablus which serves as the muhfaza (seat) of the governorate. The governor of the district is Mahmoud Aloul.
1930 Michigan State Spartans football team
The 1930 Michigan State Spartans football team represented Michigan State College as an independent during the 1930 college football season. In their second season under head coach Jim Crowley, the Spartans compiled a 5–1–2 record and played to a scoreless tie in their annual rivalry game with Michigan. In inter-sectional play, the team defeated Colgate (14–7) and North Dakota State (19–11) and lost to Georgetown (14–13).

The 1930 Michigan State team played "iron man" football with few substitutions. Sophomore halfback Bob Monnett led the way, playing 440 minutes for the team, missing only 40 minutes from the team's eight games. Center Francis "Buddy" Meyers ranked second with 434 minutes played followed by quarterback Roger Grove (419 minutes), end Cecil Fogg (418 minutes), and tackles Ralph Brunette (414 minutes) and Don Ridler (411 minutes).

Bob Monnett
Robert C. Monnett (February 27, 1910 – August 2, 1978) was an American professional football player who was a halfback for six seasons with the  Green Bay Packers.  He was inducted into the Green Bay Packers Hall of Fame in 1973.

Monnett retired following several injuries.  Returning to Ohio, he became a sales representative.

Robert Monnett died in Galion, Ohio.
University of East Sarajevo
The University of East Sarajevo (Serbian: Универзитет у Источном Сарајеву, romanized: Univerzitet u Istočnom Sarajevu lit. University of East Sarajevo) is a public university located in East Sarajevo, Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. As of 2018–19 school year, there are 8,049 enrolled students.

According to SCImago Institutions Rankings, University of East Sarajevo is the best high school institution in Bosnia and Herzegovina.

University of Sarajevo
The University of Sarajevo (Bosnian: Univerzitet u Sarajevu; Croatian: Sveučilište u Sarajevu; Serbian: Универзитет у Сарајеву) is a public university located in Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

With 20 faculties, three academies and three faculties of theology and with 23,127 enrolled students as of 2021, it ranks among the largest universities in the Balkans in terms of enrollment. Since opening its doors in 1949, a total of 122,000 students have received bachelor's degrees, 3,891 have received master's degrees and 2,284 have received doctorate degrees in 45 different fields. It is now widely regarded as the most prestigious university in Bosnia and Herzegovina, and employs more than one thousand faculty members.
Macro photography
Macro photography, also called photomacrography or macrography, and sometimes macrophotography, is extreme close-up photography in which the subject is reproduced at greater than its actual size. Macro photographs usually feature very small subjects and living organisms like insects.

Depth of field
The depth of field (DOF) is the distance between the nearest and the farthest objects that are in acceptably sharp focus in an image captured with a camera. See also the closely related depth of focus.
Chiara e Serafina
Chiara e Serafina, o I pirati (Chiara and Serafina, or The Pirates) is an opera semiseria in two acts by Gaetano Donizetti to a libretto by Felice Romani, based on the melodrama La cisterne by René Charles Guilbert de Pixérécourt. Donizetti's first opera for La Scala, it was premiered on October 26, 1822, but was not a success. Donizetti was not given the opportunity to compose again for La Scala until writing Ugo, conte di Parigi nearly a decade later.

Opera semiseria
Opera semiseria ('semi-serious opera') is an Italian genre of opera, popular in the early and middle 19th century.

Related to the opera buffa, opera semiseria contains elements of comedy but also of pathos, sometimes with a pastoral setting. It can usually be distinguished from tragic operas or melodramas by the presence of a basso buffo.  One of the better-known examples is Gaetano Donizetti's Linda di Chamounix. Another example is Gioacchino Rossini's La gazza ladra. Vincenzo Bellini's La sonnambula has all the characteristics of the genre except the presence of the required basso buffo and is regarded as both opera seria and opera semiseria.
Canadian Pacific 1278
Canadian Pacific 1278 is a preserved G5d class 4-6-2 "Pacific" type steam locomotive built by the Canadian Locomotive Company (CLC) for the Canadian Pacific Railway (CP). After being retired from revenue service, the locomotive was purchased in 1965 by F. Nelson Blount for excursion trains at his Steamtown, U.S.A. collection. The locomotive was sold to Gettysburg Railroad (GETY) in 1987, and it pulled excursion trains between Gettysburg and Biglerville, but it was subject to very poor maintenance by inexperienced crews. The locomotive was retired from excursion service in 1995, after suffering a firebox explosion in June. As of 2026, the locomotive is on static display at the Age of Steam Roundhouse in Sugarcreek, Ohio.

4-6-2
Under the Whyte notation for the classification of steam locomotives, 4-6-2 represents the wheel arrangement of four leading wheels on two axles, six powered and coupled driving wheels on three axles and two trailing wheels on one axle. The 4-6-2 locomotive became almost globally known as a Pacific type after a locomotive built by the Baldwin Locomotive Works in Philadelphia was shipped across the Pacific Ocean to New Zealand.
Remmia gens
The gens Remmia, occasionally written Remia, was an obscure plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Only a few members of this gens are mentioned in history, of whom the most illustrious was the grammarian Quintus Remmius Palaemon, but many others are known from inscriptions.

Gens
In ancient Rome, a gens (/ɡɛns/ or /dʒɛnz/, Latin: [gẽːs]; pl.: gentes [ˈgɛnteːs]) was a family consisting of individuals who shared the same nomen gentilicium and who claimed descent from a common ancestor. A branch of a gens, sometimes identified by a distinct cognomen, was called a stirps (pl.: stirpes). The gens was an important social structure at Rome and throughout Italia during the period of the Roman Republic. Much of individuals' social standing depended on the gens to which they belonged. Certain gentes were classified as patrician, others as plebeian; some had both patrician and plebeian branches. The importance of the gens as a social structure declined considerably in imperial times, although the gentilicium continued to define the origins and dynasties of the ancient Romans, including the emperors.
Spierdijk
Spierdijk is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is a part of the municipality of Koggenland, and lies about 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) east of Alkmaar.

The village was first mentioned in 1365 as Spierdijck, and is a combination a long reed stick and dike. Spierdijk developed on the edge of the Wogmeer as a peat excavation village.

The Catholic St Georgius Church is a three aisled cruciform church with needle spire which was built between 1849 and 1850.

Alkmaar
Alkmaar (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɑl(ə)kmaːr] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in the Netherlands, located in the province of North Holland. Alkmaar is well known for its traditional cheese market. For tourists, it is a popular cultural destination. The municipality has a population of 111,766 as of 2023.
John Rodriguez (politician)
John R. Rodriguez (February 12, 1937 – July 5, 2017) was a Canadian politician.  He served as the mayor of Greater Sudbury, Ontario from 2006 to 2010 and previously represented the electoral district of Nickel Belt in the House of Commons of Canada from 1972 to 1980 and from 1984 to 1993 as a member of the New Democratic Party.

Vale Canada
Vale Canada Limited, doing business as Vale Base Metals, is a majority owned subsidiary of the Brazilian mining company Vale with Manara Minerals holding a 10 per cent minority share. The company was created from the former Inco, which Vale acquired in 2007. Vale's nickel mining and metals division is headquartered in London with a corporate center in Toronto.  It produces nickel, copper, cobalt, and other Platinum Group Metals. Prior to being purchased by CVRD (now Vale) in 2006, Inco was the world's second largest producer of nickel, and the third largest mining company outside South Africa and Russia of platinum group metals.  It was also a charter member of the 30-stock Dow Jones Industrial Average formed on October 1, 1928.
Sulthan Zaky
Sulthan Zaky Pramana Putra Razak (born 23 March 2006) is an Indonesian professional footballer who plays as a centre-back for Cambodian Premier League club MOI Kompong Dewa, on loan from Super League club PSM Makassar.

Indonesia national under-17 football team
Indonesia national under-17 football team represents Indonesia in international football competitions such as FIFA U-17 World Cup, AFC U-17 Asian Cup, ASEAN U-16 Boys Championship, and any other under-17 international football tournaments. It is controlled by the Football Association of Indonesia (PSSI).
2017 OFC Champions League final
The 2017 OFC Champions League final was the final of the 2017 OFC Champions League, the 16th edition of the Oceania Cup, Oceania's premier club football tournament organized by the Oceania Football Confederation (OFC), and the 11th season under the current OFC Champions League name.

The final was contested in two-legged home-and-away format between two New Zealand teams, Auckland City and Team Wellington. The first leg was hosted by Auckland City at Kiwitea Street, Auckland on 30 April 2017, while the second leg was hosted by Team Wellington at David Farrington Park, Wellington on 7 May 2017. The winner would earn the right to represent the OFC at the 2017 FIFA Club World Cup, entering at the qualifying play-off round.

Auckland City won the first leg 3–0 and the second leg 2–0, to defeat Team Wellington 5–0 on aggregate and won the OFC Champions League seven consecutive seasons and nine seasons successively.

Kiwitea Street
Kiwitea Street, also known as Freyberg Field, is a multi-purpose stadium in the suburb of Sandringham in Auckland, New Zealand.  It is used for Association football matches and is the home stadium of both Auckland City FC and Central United. Terraced seating can accommodate 250 patrons.

The stadium is named for Bernard Freyberg, 1st Baron Freyberg.

Kiwitea Street was the venue of the 2007 Chatham Cup final.