hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Heidelberg University Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences
The Faculty of Chemistry and Earth Sciences is one of twelve faculties at the University of Heidelberg. It comprises the Institute of Inorganic Chemistry, Institute of Organic Chemistry, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Institute of Geography, and Institute of Earth Sciences. The former Institute of Geology and Paleontology, Institute of Mineralogy, and Institute of Environmental Geochemistry were consolidated into the Institute of Earth Sciences. Their functions and research areas are now part of that institute.

Chemistry was established as a separate discipline at the University of Heidelberg in 1817 and Leopold Gmelin was appointed ordinary professor of chemistry and medicine. 1895 is the year lectures in physical and mathematical geography were held on a regular basis, marking the date of foundation of Institute of Geography at the university. Four years later the first professorship in geography was  filled by Alfred Hettner.

Alfred Hettner
Alfred Hettner (6 August 1859, in Dresden – 31 August 1941, in Heidelberg) was a German geographer.

Hettner is known for his concept of chorology, the study of places and regions, a concept that influenced both Carl O. Sauer and Richard Hartshorne. Apart from the geography of Europe, his fieldwork concentrated mainly on that of Colombia, Chile and Russia.
Palmview, Queensland
Palmview is a locality in the Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. Although historically rural, it is becoming increasingly suburban. It is home to Aussie World. In the 2021 census, Palmview had a population of 5,236 people.

Meridan Plains, Queensland
Meridan Plains is a locality on the north-western edge of the Caloundra urban area in the Sunshine Coast Region, Queensland, Australia. Traditionally a rural area, the locality is attracting residential development from the expansion of Caloundra. In the 2021 census, Meridan Plains had a population of 4,589 people.
Line 23 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 23 is an under construction Shanghai Metro line that would run from Shanghai Indoor Stadium in Xuhui District to Minhang Development Zone in Minhang District. Its It is planned to be 29 kilometres (18 mi) in length, and is planned to have 22 stations. The line was announced by the Shanghai municipal government in 2016. It will adopt unmanned driving (GoA4).

The line will not utilise the existing branch Line 5 service between Dongchuan Road and Minhang Development Zone stations, with the line planned to be fully underground. Once complete, it will feature interchange stations with Lines 3, 4, 5, 12, 15, and 19. The construction period of this project is expected to be 74 months.

Line 19 (Shanghai Metro)
Line 19 is an under construction subway line on the Shanghai Metro. Its termini are planned to be Baoshan Railway Station and Hongjian Road. It is planned to be 46.2 km (28.7 mi) in length, with 34 stations. The line hopes to ease car congestion along Pudong South Road, as well as reduce crowding on the southern part of line 8, and the northern sections of lines 1 and 3.

The line was announced by the Municipal government in 2016 and is planned to finish construction and open between Baoshan Railway Station and Yierba Jinian Road on 30 December 2027. The south section between Hongjian Road and Houtan is planned to finish construction in 2029, and the middle section between Houtan and Yierba Jinian Road in 2032.
Toda la Vida y Otros Grandes Exitos
Toda la Vida y Otros Grandes Exitos is a compilation album, by Mexican iconic pop singer Emmanuel. It was released in 1986. The title comes from the hit song, "Toda la Vida which reached #1 on the Hot Latin Tracks chart. The album reached #1 on the Latin Pop Albums chart for 4 weeks.

Tutta la vita
"Tutta la Vita" ("All Life Long") is a song written and first performed by Italian singer-songwriter Lucio Dalla. It was released in 1984 as the first single from his studio album Viaggi Organizzati, produced by Mauro Malavasi. This song is about a man searching for freedom all his life, trying not to fall in love, only to have a good time. For the Spanish-language market, two cover versions were released, and both peaked at number-one in the Billboard Hot Latin Tracks chart, the first by Cuban singer Franco and another by Mexican performer Emmanuel, spending three weeks each at the top position, being the first time (and only) in the Hot Latin Tracks chart history that two versions of the same song succeeded one another at the top. To date, it is uncertain who released the first cover version of the single.
Taisei Hokan
Taisei Hōkan (大政奉還 (たいせいほうかん) refers to the formal return of political authority from the 15th shogun of the Tokugawa shogunate, Tokugawa Yoshinobu, to the Emperor Meiji on Keiō 3, 14th day of the 10th month, 1867 (November 9, 1867 in the Gregorian calendar). The next day (November 10), the Emperor accepted Yoshinobu’s petition (奏上, sōjō) via imperial sanction (勅許, chokyo).

Tokugawa Yoshinobu
Prince Yoshinobu Tokugawa (德川 慶喜, Tokugawa Yoshinobu; 28 October 1837 – 22 November 1913) was a Japanese samurai, daimyo and the 15th and last shōgun of the Tokugawa shogunate of Japan. He was part of a movement which aimed to reform the aging shogunate, but was ultimately unsuccessful. He resigned his position as shogun in late 1867, while aiming at keeping some political influence. After these efforts failed following the defeat at the Battle of Toba–Fushimi in early 1868, he went into retirement, and largely avoided the public eye for the rest of his life.
Mario Cerrito
Mario Cerrito III (born March 1, 1984) is an American filmmaker, writer, producer and actor most closely associated with the horror genre. He is best known for his found footage series Human Hibachi. The franchise has picked up a worldwide cult following and is released by Troma Entertainment. The movies have won best feature film awards at the New Jersey Horror Con and Film Festival. Cerrito is recognized as having an unfiltered approach to horror.

Along with his family, he was featured on Travel Channel’s reality television show Ghost Nation.

Travel Channel
Travel Channel (stylized as Trvl Channel since 2018) is an American pay television channel owned by Warner Bros. Discovery, who previously owned the channel from 1997 to 2007. The channel is headquartered in Manhattan, with offices in Silver Spring, Maryland, and Knoxville, Tennessee.

Travel Channel features documentaries, reality, and how-to shows related to travel and leisure around the United States and throughout the world. Programming has included shows on African animal safaris, tours of grand hotels and resorts, visits to significant cities and towns around the world, programming about various foods around the world, and programming about ghosts and the paranormal in notable buildings.

As of November 2023, Travel Channel is available to approximately 67,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its 2011 peak of 96,000,000 households.
Brian David Stevens
Brian David Stevens (born 1970) is a British photographer, based in London. He has made work on sound systems of Notting Hill Carnival, war veterans, the Grenfell Tower fire, the British coastline and the suicide spot of Beachy Head. Stevens' work is held in the collections of the National Portrait Gallery, London and National Galleries of Scotland.

Notting Hill Carnival
The Notting Hill Carnival is an annual Caribbean Carnival event that has taken place in London since 1966 on the streets of the Notting Hill area of Kensington, over the August Bank Holiday weekend.

It is led by members of the British Caribbean community, and attracts around two million people annually, making it one of the world's largest street festivals, the largest in Europe, and a significant event in British African Caribbean and British Indo-Caribbean culture. In 2006, the UK public voted the Notting Hill Carnival onto a list of icons of England.

Carnival traditionally commences on the Saturday with Panorama, a competition between steelpan bands. Sunday is designated family and children's day, with a shorter parade route for young people. The main adult parade takes place on Monday. Notting Hill Carnival represents the "five disciplines of carnival": masquerade, calypso, soca, steelpan, and sound systems.
Manohla Dargis
Manohla June Dargis (/məˈnoʊlə ˈdɑːrɡɪs/ mə-NOH-lə DAR-ghiss) is an American film critic. She is the chief film critic for The New York Times. She is a five-time finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism.

Pulitzer Prize for Criticism
The Pulitzer Prize for Criticism has been presented since 1970 to a newspaper writer in the United States who has demonstrated 'distinguished criticism'.  Recipients of the award are chosen by an independent board and officially administered by Columbia University. The Pulitzer Committee issues an official citation explaining the reasons for the award.
Sticherus lobatus
Sticherus lobatus, known as the spreading fan fern, is a small fern found in eastern and southern Australia. It is a common and attractive plant, similar to S. flabellatus but with additional lobed segments. It often forms colonies in open forest areas or on the edge of rainforests.

Sticherus flabellatus
Sticherus flabellatus, the shiny fan fern, or umbrella fern, is a small fern found in eastern Australia and in New Zealand, northwards from the north-west of the South Island. It is a common and attractive plant with shiny dark foliage and with slightly toothed edges on the smallest parts of the fronds, often seen in large numbers in suitably moist gullies and by creeks.

Two varieties are recognized that differ in size of the sporangia and the size of the ultimate segments. The variety in New South Wales is Sticherus flabellatus var. flabellatus.

In 1810 it appeared as Gleichenia flabellata in Prodromus Florae Novae Hollandiae, authored by Robert Brown.
Najim Arshad
Najim Arshad  (born 8 June 1986) is a state award-winning Indian playback singer and music director, sung more than 500 songs in the Malayalam, Tamil, Telugu and Hindi film industries. In 2007, he won the reality show Idea Star Singer. He studied in Swathi Thirunal College of Music and holds graduation and post-graduation degree in music. He was the Rank Holder of University of Kerala in Bachelor Of Performing Arts. He also won the Kalaprathibha title 13 times at the district and sub-district levels during his early school days. He is a recipient of Kerala State Film Award for Best Male Playback Singer.

Kerala State Film Award for Best Singer
The Kerala State Film Award for Best Singer is an honour, established in 1969, and presented annually at the Kerala State Film Awards of India for best female and male playback singer in Malayalam cinema. The first recipients of the award were P. Leela and K. J. Yesudas. K. J. Yesudas has been the winner with 25 wins, followed by K. S. Chithra with 16 and S. Janaki with 11 awards.K. S. Chithra won the award for 11 successive years (1985–1996) that is the most times ever
Faith and Philosophy
Faith and Philosophy is a peer-reviewed academic journal published by the Society of Christian Philosophers with support from Asbury Theological Seminary and the University of Arkansas. It is currently edited by Jonathan L. Kvanvig. The journal aims to foster the philosophical examination of religion and Christian faith. In accordance with the goals of the society, Faith and Philosophy seeks to contribute to the continuing effort of the Christian community to articulate its faith in a way that will withstand critical examination, and to explore the implications of that faith for all aspects of human life. In 2019, the quarterly journal became a free open-access online publication and ceased both physical publication and online publication behind a pay wall. The journal's website is faithandphilosophy.com.

Jonathan Kvanvig
Jonathan Lee Kvanvig (born December 7, 1954) is Professor of Philosophy at Washington University in St. Louis.

Kvanvig has published extensively in areas such as epistemology, philosophy of religion, logic, and philosophy of language.  Some of his books include Rationality and Reflection, The Value of Knowledge and the Pursuit of Understanding, and The Problem of Hell (published 1993), which debates Hell in a modern theological and philosophical way.

Up until 2019, he was the owner and administrator of the blog Certain Doubts, which covered topics related to epistemology.
Mazda GTP
The Mazda GTP is an IMSA GTP race car that was built by Pierre Honegger in 1981. Based on a Mazda RX-7, the car initially competed in the GTX category as the Mazda RX-7 GTP, before it was rebuilt for the IMSA GTP category in 1983. Throughout its career, the car used a Mazda 13B Wankel rotary engine, similar to that used in the production RX-7s. Although the rotary-engined sports prototypes generally had a reputation of being very reliable, the Mazda GTP frequently failed to finish races, and was never able to better the eighth place achieved at the 1983 24 Hours of Daytona. In 1986, one car was purchased by Erie Scientific Racing, and rebuilt to become the Badger BB. This car was no more successful or reliable than its predecessor, and was last used in 1989, by which point it was owned by Jack Engelhardt. The other car, meanwhile, was rebuilt by Honegger into the Denali Speedcar, which was used with moderate success in 1986 and 1987.

1983 24 Hours of Daytona
The Silver Anniversary Edition 24 Hour Pepsi Challenge was a 24-hour endurance sports car race held on February 5–6, 1983 at the Daytona International Speedway road course. The race served as the opening round of the 1983 IMSA GT Championship.

Victory overall and in the GTP class went to the No. 6 Henn's Swap Shop Racing Porsche 935 driven by Bob Wollek, Claude Ballot-Léna, Preston Henn, and A. J. Foyt. Victory in the GTO class went to the No. 7 Racing Beat Mazda RX-7 driven by Pete Halsmer, Bob Reed, and Rick Knoop. Victory in the GTU class went to the No. 92 Kent Racing Mazda RX-7 driven by Lee Mueller, Hugh McDonough, and Terry Visger.
On and On and On
"On and On and On" is a song by the Swedish recording group ABBA, recorded for their seventh studio album Super Trouper (1980). Agnetha Fältskog and Anni-Frid Lyngstad share lead vocals on the track, which was written and produced by Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus. The disco-rock song was released on 10 November 1980 as the third single from Super Trouper in limited countries. It was included in More ABBA Gold: More ABBA Hits (1993).

Benny Andersson
Göran Bror Benny Andersson KVO1kl (Swedish: [ˈbɛ̌nːʏ ˈânːdɛˌʂɔn] ⓘ; born 16 December 1946) is a Swedish musician, composer and producer best known as a member of the pop group ABBA and co-composer of the musicals Chess, Kristina från Duvemåla, and Mamma Mia! For the 2008 film version of Mamma Mia! and its 2018 sequel, Mamma Mia! Here We Go Again, he also worked as an executive producer. Since 2001, he has been active with his own band Benny Anderssons orkester.
Pedro de Almada Pereira
Pedro de Almada Pereira (Odemira, Vila Nova de Milfontes, – Lisbon, 24 May 1911), was an Alentejan landowner, schoolmaster in Messejana and Aljustrel and journalist, Founder of the periodical O Campo de Ourique, of which he was the owner, in 1872. He was a son of Tomé José Valério (b. Odemira, Vila Nova de Milfontes), who lived and was a landowner in Odemira, Vila Nova de Milfontes, and wife (m. Aljustrel, Messejana) Maria Amância de Almada, who also used the name of Maria Amância Palma (b. Aljustrel, Messejana).

He married Margarida Francisca Camacho de Negreiros, who also used the surnames Lobo Bravo de Negreiros (b. Aljustrel, Aljustrel), daughter of António Lobo Camacho (b. Aljustrel, Aljustrel), an Alentejan landowner, and wife (m. Serpa) Ana Isabel Bravo de Negreiros (b. Serpa, Salvador). They were the parents of António Lobo de Almada Negreiros.

Alentejo
Alentejo (/ˌælənˈteɪʒoʊ/ AL-ən-TAY-zhoh, UK also /-ʒuː/ -⁠zhoo, Portuguese: [ɐlẽˈtɛʒu] ⓘ) is a geographical, historical, and cultural region of south–central and southern Portugal. In Portuguese, its name means "beyond the Tagus" (além do Tejo).

Alentejo includes the regions of Alto Alentejo and Baixo Alentejo. It corresponds to the districts of Beja, Évora, Portalegre, and Alentejo Litoral. Its main cities are Évora, Beja, Sines, Serpa, Estremoz, Elvas, and Portalegre.

It has borders with Beira Baixa in the north, with Spain (Andalucia and Extremadura) in the east, Algarve in the south, and the Atlantic Ocean, Ribatejo, and Estremadura in the west.

Alentejo is a region known for its traditional polyphonic singing groups, similar to those found in Tuscany, Corsica, and elsewhere.
Shaurya Doval
Shaurya Doval is an Indian politician and investment banker who is member of the Bharatiya Janata Party and is the Executive Member of BJP Uttarakhand. He is the founder and leader of India Foundation, a right-wing think tank that is closely associated with the Narendra Modi Government. He has worked as investment banker for GE Capital and Morgan Stanley and heads Torch Investment (previously known as Zeus Caps). He is the eldest son of Ajit Doval who is National Security Adviser of India.

Doval and his organisation have attracted scrutiny by left-leaning news portals due to their alleged growing influence, opaque funding and ties to some of India cabinet ministers. Doval filed a criminal defamation case against The Caravan and Congress leader Jairam Ramesh for 'deliberately defaming him "seemingly to settle scores" with his father. In December 2020, Ramesh apologised in court for "any hurt the statements may have caused".

Jairam Ramesh
Jairam Ramesh (born 9 April 1954) is a senior Indian politician to the Indian National Congress. He is a Member of Parliament representing Karnataka state in the Rajya Sabha. In July 2011, Jairam was elevated to the Union Council of Ministers of India and appointed Minister of Rural Development and Minister (additional charge) of the new Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation. However, in the cabinet reshuffle in October 2012, he was divested of the portfolio of Ministry of Drinking Water and Sanitation. He was previously the Indian Minister of State (Independent Charge) at the Ministry of Environment and Forests from May 2009 to July 2011.
Gudok
The gudok (IPA: [gʊˈdok], Russian: гудок), or gudochek (IPA: [gʊˈdot͡ɕɪk], Russian: гудочек), is a Russian folk string instrument, played with a bow.

The oldest gudoks are dated to the 11th–14th centuries in Novgorod. The instrument is now obsolete and has been reconstructed based on fragments found in excavations.

Veliky Novgorod
Veliky Novgorod (/vəˈliːki ˈnɒvɡərɒd/ ⓘ və-LEE-kee NOV-gə-rod; Russian: Великий Новгород, IPA: [vʲɪˈlʲikʲɪj ˈnovɡərət]; lit. 'Great Newtown'), also known simply as Novgorod (Новгород), is the largest city and administrative centre of Novgorod Oblast, Russia. It is one of the oldest cities in Russia, being first mentioned in the 9th century. The city lies along the Volkhov River just downstream from its outflow from Lake Ilmen and is situated on the M10 federal highway connecting Moscow and Saint Petersburg. UNESCO recognized Novgorod as a World Heritage Site in 1992. The city has a population of 224,286 (2021 census).

At its peak during the 14th century, the city was the capital of the Novgorod Republic and was one of Europe's largest cities. The "Великий" (Veliky) part was added to the city's name in 1999.
The Singles Collection Volume 4
The Singles Collection, Volume 4 is a limited edition CD series compilation box set by the British rock band Queen, the fourth and last set in the collection. The box set contains remastered versions of the next thirteen top-40 charting singles released by Queen that appear subsequent to those in The Singles Collection Volume 3, excluding the Five Live EP and the Small Soldiers Remix of "Another One Bites The Dust", the latter of which was not released by EMI/Parlophone.

It contains the material released from the years 1988 - 1998, and covers the albums The Miracle, Innuendo, Made In Heaven, Queen Rocks and Greatest Hits III.  This was the band's final release on EMI/Parlophone before their back catalogue was re-issued on Universal's Island label in 2011.

The Singles Collection Volume 3
The Singles Collection, Volume 3 is a limited edition CD series compilation box set by the British rock band Queen, the third of four sets. The box set contains remastered versions of the next thirteen top-40 charting singles released by Queen that appear subsequent to those in The Singles Collection Volume 2.

The set marks the first time that "Blurred Vision" and the single mix of "Pain Is So Close to Pleasure" have been made available on CD.
The Land of Lost Content (book)
The Land of Lost Content: the Biography of Anthony Chenevix-Trench is a biographical book about the life of British headmaster Anthony Chenevix-Trench, written by Mark Peel. Chenevix-Trench had been a widely acclaimed teacher at Shrewsbury School, and subsequently headmaster at Bradfield College, Eton College and Fettes College, but was later criticised for his approach to corporal punishment. Published by Pentland Press in 1996, the book received mixed reviews, with questions over its neutrality and writing style, but plaudits for its insights into British culture and education.

The book's title is taken from Poem XL in A. E. Housman's collection A Shropshire Lad.

Bradfield College
Bradfield College is a coeducational public school (independent boarding and day school) for pupils aged 13–18, in the village of Bradfield, in Berkshire, in the United Kingdom. It is noted for its open-air Greek theatre and its triennial Greek play.

The school is a member of the Rugby Group, which also includes Rugby, Harrow, Shrewsbury, Wellington College and Charterhouse.

The college was founded in 1850 by Thomas Stevens, Rector and Lord of the Manor of Bradfield. It has around 490 male and 320 female pupils.
Doctor of Nursing Practice
A Doctor of Nursing Practice (DNP) is a professional doctorate in nursing offered in the United States.

The DNP degree was first offered by the University of Kentucky College of Nursing in 2001. It was officially endorsed in 2004 as a practice-focused doctoral degree by the American Association of Colleges of Nursing, recommending transitioning advanced practice nursing preparation from the master's level to the DNP degree by 2015.

In August 2025, the degree was introduced to Singapore by the National University of Singapore.

American Association of Colleges of Nursing
The American Association of Colleges of Nursing (AACN) is the national voice for academic nursing. AACN works to establish quality standards for nursing education; assists schools in implementing those standards; influences the nursing profession to improve health care; and promotes public support for professional nursing education, research, and practice. It was established in 1969, and represents more than 875 member schools of nursing at public and private universities nationwide.
Archery at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's individual
The women's individual archery event at the 2012 Olympic Games was held from 27 July to 2 August 2012 at Lord's Cricket Ground in London in the United Kingdom. The event was one of four which comprised the 2012 Olympic archery programme  of sports and was the eleventh time the women's individual competition was contested as an Olympic event. Forty  nations qualified for the competition, sending a total of sixty-four archers to compete. The defending Olympic champion from 2008 was Zhang Juanjuan of China, who did not compete following her retirement in 2010.

Ki Bo-Bae of South Korea won the gold medal, defeating Mexico's Aída Román in a one-arrow shoot-off to become her nation's seventh female archer to become individual Olympic champion. Mariana Avitia of Mexico finished third, defeating Khatuna Lorig of the United States to win the bronze medal. Román and Avitia became the first Mexican archers to ever win an Olympic medal.

Zhang Juanjuan
Zhang Juanjuan (simplified Chinese: 张娟娟; traditional Chinese: 張娟娟; pinyin: Zhāng Juānjuān; born 2 January 1981, in Qingdao, Shandong, People's Republic of China) is an archer from the People's Republic of China.