hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Basic norm
'Basic norm' (German: Grundnorm) is a concept in the Pure Theory of Law created by Hans Kelsen, a jurist and legal philosopher.  Kelsen used this word to denote the basic norm, order, or rule that forms an underlying basis for a legal system. The theory is based on a need to find a point of origin for all law, on which basic law and the constitution can gain their legitimacy (akin to the concept of first principles). This basic norm, however, is often described as hypothetical.

Reaction to the term has fallen into three broad areas including (i) Kelsen's original introduction of the term, (ii) the Neo-Kantian reception of the term by Kelsen's critics and followers, and (iii) the hypothetical and symbolic use of the term through the history of its application.

Norm (philosophy)
Norms, in philosophy, are concepts (sentences) of practical import, oriented to affecting an action, rather than conceptual abstractions that describe, explain, and express. Normative sentences imply "ought-to" (or "may", "may not") types of statements and assertions, in distinction to sentences that provide "is" (or "was", "will") types of statements and assertions. Common normative sentences include commands, permissions, and prohibitions; common normative abstract concepts include sincerity, justification, and honesty. A popular account of norms describes them as reasons to take action, to believe, and to feel.
Saint Bruno Receiving the Rule
Saint Bruno Receiving the Rule is a 1643 oil on canvas painting by Jusepe de Ribera. It, Saint Sebastian and Saint Jerome were commissioned for the private quarters of the prior of Certosa di San Martino for 100 ducats each. The Certosa also commissioned works from him for its choir and nave (Prophets and Patriarchs). The Certosa was a Carthusian monastery and so the work shows the order's founder Bruno of Cologne, harking back to a composition already used by Ribera of the Madonna and Child with that saint as seen in a work now in Berlin and Earthly Trinity with God the Father.

The Earthly Trinity with Saints and God the Father
The Earthly Trinity with Saints and God the Father are a pair of c.1626-c.1635 oil on canvas paintings by Jusepe de Ribera, both now in the Museo nazionale di Capodimonte in Naples. Along with the Holy Family, the main work shows Bruno of Cologne, Benedict of Nursia, Bernardino of Siena and Bonaventure.
Agnes Buntine
Agnes Buntine (c. 1822 – 29 February 1896) was a Scottish pastoralist and bullocky. Born in Glasgow, Scotland as Agnes Davidson, she and her family moved to Australia in 1840. She became a bullocky there, frequently making trips across different cities to transport merchandise, and opening two stores. When working as a bullocky, she wore thick clothing and boots, unlike the clothing of most women at the time, which saved her life when she was caught in a large bush fire. She was the first person to transport supplies to Walhalla, Victoria when gold was discovered there. She retired in 1873 and died in 1896.

Walhalla, Victoria
Walhalla is a town in Victoria, Australia, founded as a gold-mining community in late 1862, and at its peak, home to around 4,000 residents. As of 2023, the town has a population of 20 permanent residents, though it has a large proportion of houses owned as holiday properties. It attracts large numbers of tourists and is a major focus of the regional tourism industry. The town's name is taken from an early gold mine in the area, named for the German hall of fame, the Walhalla temple (Valhalla from Norse sagas).
Walter Blattmann
Walter Conrad Blattmann (June 23, 1920 – April 10, 2000) was an American gymnast. He was a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and competed in eight events at the 1952 Summer Olympics.

While at the United States Naval Academy, Blattmann competed on the Navy Midshipmen men's gymnastics team coached by former Olympian Chet Phillips.

He was the commanding officer at Naval Air Station Chase Field from September 1965 to August 1967.

Chet Phillips
Chester Wilson "Chet" Phillips (October 23, 1913 – October 7, 1988) was an American gymnast. He was a member of the United States men's national artistic gymnastics team and competed in eight events at the 1936 Summer Olympics.

As a gymnast, Phillips was a member of the Temple Owls men's gymnastics team. He married Marie Kibler, an Olympic gymnast with him at the 1936 Summer Olympics.
Kyra Nichols
Kyra Nichols (born July 2, 1958) is an American retired ballet dancer and teacher. She joined the New York City Ballet in 1974 and was promoted to principal dancer in 1979. She is one of the last dancers to have worked with George Balanchine, although he did not create any new work on her. However, she originated roles in several ballets by Jerome Robbins. Nichols retired from performing in 2007, after a 33-year career.

Nichols joined the Pennsylvania Ballet as a ballet mistress in the 2014–15 season. In 2017, she left to serve as Violette Verdy and Kathy Ziliak Anderson Chair in Ballet and professor of music in ballet at the Indiana University Jacobs School of Music.

Philadelphia Ballet
Philadelphia Ballet (formerly known as Pennsylvania Ballet until its rebranding in 2021) is the largest ballet company in Philadelphia. The company's annual local season features six programs of classic pieces, such as George Balanchine's The Nutcracker, in addition to presentations of new works. The company's artistic director is Angel Corella.
Pen y Brynfforchog
Pen y Brynfforchog is subsidiary summit of Glasgwm in North Wales forming part of the Aran range in southern Snowdonia.

It is separated from Glasgwm by the pass, Bwlch y Fign. The summit is bare and marked by a few stones. The views to the Dyfi hills: include direct view of the Craig Portas ridge, with Maesglase and Cribin Fawr.

Cribin Fawr
Cribin Fawr is a mountain in Snowdonia, North Wales, situated approximately four miles to the south-west of Aran Fawddwy. It is one of the peaks in the Dyfi hills, a subgroup of the Cadair Idris group. It is a top of Maesglase, connected to its parent peak by the Craig Portas ridge. The top of Cribin Fawr is a large open plateau of peat bog. To the west is Waun-oer, to the north Cadair Idris, to the south Maesglase and Glasgwm to the east.
2018–19 World Boxing Super Series – Super lightweight division
The 2018–19 World Boxing Super Series – Super lightweight division is a World Boxing Super Series professional boxing tournament that took place between October 2018 and October 2019 in several countries. The Super Series features eight top-rated super lightweight boxers in a single-elimination tournament. The tournament was organized by Comosa AG.

World Boxing Super Series
The World Boxing Super Series (WBSS) is a professional boxing tournament organised by Comosa AG.

Each weight class features eight boxers competing in an annual knockout competition with the champion from each weight class taking the Muhammad Ali Trophy, named after the former heavyweight champion Muhammad Ali, and sharing a total prize fund of U.S. $50 million, with winner of each tournament receiving U.S. $10 million
Marie Howe
Marie Howe (born 1950) is an American poet. Howe served as New York Poet Laureate from 2012–2016. She is currently a Chancellor of the Academy of American Poets and Poet-in-Residence at The Cathedral of St John the Divine. Throughout her career, she has received fellowships from the John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, the National Endowment for the Arts, the Harvard Radcliffe Institute, and The Fine Arts Work Center in Provincetown.

In 1987 her debut collection The Good Thief was selected by Margaret Atwood for the National Poetry Series. Her subsequent collections include What the Living Do (1997), The Kingdom of Ordinary Time (2008), and Magdalene (2017), which was Longlisted for the National Book Award for Poetry. In 2024 W. W. Norton & Company published her New & Selected Poems, while Bloodaxe Books published its UK companion, What the Earth Seemed to Say, to critical acclaim.

W. W. Norton & Company
W. W. Norton & Company is an American publishing company based in New York City. Established in 1923, it has been owned wholly by its employees since the early 1960s. The company is known for its Norton Anthologies (particularly The Norton Anthology of English Literature) and its texts in the Norton Critical Editions series, both of which are frequently assigned in university literature courses.
Keep the Change (1992 film)
Keep the Change is a 1992 American Western television film directed by Andy Tennant and written by John Miglis, based on the 1989 novel of the same name by Thomas McGuane. It stars William Petersen, Lolita Davidovich, Rachel Ticotin, Buck Henry, Fred Dalton Thompson, Jeff Kober, Lois Smith, and Jack Palance. It won a Spur Award from the Western Writers of America in 1992.

Rachel Ticotin
Rachel Ticotin Strauss (born November 1, 1958) is an American actress. She has appeared in films such as Fort Apache, The Bronx, Total Recall, Falling Down, and Con Air. She has appeared in the NBC legal drama Law & Order: LA as Lieutenant Arleen Gonzales, and guest starred in the "Warriors" episode of Blue Bloods in 2013 (Season 3, Episode 15), appearing as "Carmen Castillo". She also played Dr. Marie Cerone on the ABC medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy in 2018.
Crash (South Korean TV series)
Crash (Korean: 크래시) is a 2024 South Korean comedy crime police procedural television series written by Oh Soo-jin, directed by Park Joon-woo and starring Lee Min-ki, Kwak Sun-young, Heo Sung-tae, Lee Ho-chul, and Moon Hee. The first season aired on ENA from May 13, to June 18, 2024, every Monday and Tuesday at 22:00 (KST). It is also available for streaming on Disney+ in selected regions and Hulu in the United States.

A second season has been confirmed.

Kwak Sun-young
Kwak Sun-young (Korean: 곽선영; born May 11, 1983) is a South Korean actress. In 2006 she began her career in musical theater, starring in the musical Dalgona. She starred in the stage adaptation of Goong and Full House, among many other musicals and plays. After over a decade on the stage, Kwak made her television debut in 2018. She is best known for her roles in Encounter (2018–19), VIP (2019), Hospital Playlist (2020), Inspector Koo (2021), Behind Every Star (2022), and Brain Works (2023).
Gooseneck Glacier
Gooseneck Glacier is located in the Fitzpatrick Wilderness, Shoshone National Forest, in the US state of Wyoming. The glacier is east of the Continental Divide in the northern Wind River Range and on the southeast flank of Gannett Peak, the tallest mountain in Wyoming. Gooseneck Glacier is separated from Dinwoody Glacier by a rocky outcropping and they are part of the largest grouping of glaciers in the American Rocky Mountains.

Dinwoody Glacier
Dinwoody Glacier is located in Shoshone National Forest, in the U.S. state of Wyoming on the east side of the Continental Divide in the Wind River Range. Completely within the Fitzpatrick Wilderness, Dinwoody Glacier is one of the largest glaciers in the American Rocky Mountains, and as of 1989 was ranked fourth in area. In a 1989 study which examined repeat photography and stream flow analysis, Dinwoody Glacier was determined to have retreated rapidly between 1958 and 1983, though most of the reduction has been in the thickness of the glacier rather than its surface area. In the same 25-year period, the glacier lost an average of 23.4 m (77 ft) in thickness. Radar mapping of 72 locations on the glacier resulted in an average thickness of 54 m (177 ft) and a maximum measured depth of 111 m (364 ft). The 1989 study was commenced to examine the impact on water supplies to streams and rivers from glacier retreat of both Dinwoody and Gannett Glaciers.
Swan Song (2021 Todd Stephens film)
Swan Song is a 2021 American drama film, written, directed, and produced by Todd Stephens. It stars Udo Kier, Jennifer Coolidge, Linda Evans, Michael Urie, Ira Hawkins, and Stephanie McVay.

It had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 17, 2021. It was released in a limited release on August 6, 2021, prior to video on demand on August 13, 2021, by Magnolia Pictures.

Magnolia Pictures
Magnolia Pictures LLC is an American independent film distributor and production company, and is a subsidiary of Mark Cuban and Todd Wagner's 2929 Entertainment.

Magnolia was formed in 2001 by Bill Banowsky and Eamonn Bowles, and specializes in both foreign and independent films. Magnolia distributes some of its films, especially foreign and genre titles, under the Magnet Releasing arm. In April 2011, Cuban had placed Magnolia up for sale, but stated that he would not sell the company unless the offer was "very, very compelling."

Magnify, formerly Magnolia Pictures International, is the global sales arm of Magnolia Pictures.
Hum Hain Bemisaal
Hum Hain Bemisal (transl. We Are Unique) is a 1994 Indian action thriller film directed by Deepak Bahry. It stars Suniel Shetty, Akshay Kumar, Shilpa Shirodkar and Madhoo in lead roles. Film critic Sukanya Verma described it as a "shoddy rip-off" of John Woo's The Killer (1989).

Shilpa Shirodkar
Shilpa Shirodkar (born 20 November 1973) is an Indian actress and former photo model who worked primarily in Hindi-language films from 1989 to 2000. After a 13-year hiatus from acting, she made her comeback to acting, this time on television in the Zee TV series Ek Mutthi Aasmaan in 2013. In 2024, she participated in Bigg Boss 18.
Next Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The Next Andhra Pradesh legislative assembly election is expected to be held in May 2029 to elect all 175 members of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly. N. Chandrababu Naidu is the incumbent Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh.

Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly
The Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly (Telugu: ఆంధ్రప్రదేశ్ శాసన సభ, ISO: Āndhra Pradēś Śāsana Sabha) is the lower house of the bicameral legislature of the Indian state, Andhra Pradesh.

The Legislative Assembly consists of 175 members who are elected by adult universal suffrage under the first-past-the-post system. The duration of the Assembly is five years from the date appointed for its first meeting unless it is decided to dissolve the Assembly sooner. The Legislative Assembly's main functions include legislation, overseeing of administration, passing the budget, and airing public grievances.

The Legislative Assembly holds three sessions annually, one for Budget and the other for Monsoon and Winter sessions.

The Legislative Assembly took up residence in the interim Legislative Assembly Building in Amaravati beginning from the 2017 Budget session. The new building has systems for automatic speech translation and automatic vote recording.
Furniture & Meat
"Furniture & Meat" is the eighth episode of the sixth season of the American animated television series Adventure Time. The episode was written by Cole Sanchez and Andy Ristaino from a story by Kent Osborne, Pendleton Ward, Jack Pendarvis, and Adam Muto.

The series follows the adventures of Finn (voiced by Jeremy Shada), a human boy, and his best friend and adopted brother Jake (voiced by John DiMaggio), a dog with magical powers to change shape and grow and shrink at will. In this episode, BMO (voiced by Niki Yang)—concerned that Finn and Jake's hoard of gold is threatening the structural integrity of their treehouse—talks Finn into spending the money in Wildberry Kingdom.

The episode was viewed by 1.9 million viewers, and ranked as the 52nd most-watched cable show on the day of its airing. Many reviews complimented the humor and tone of the episode, and Jason Krell of io9 Animation appreciated the return of the Ancient Psychic Tandem War Elephant.

Cole Sanchez
Cole Sanchez is an American storyboard artist, writer, producer, director, and voice actor. He is best known for being a writer, storyboard artist, director, and occasional voice actor on the animated television series Adventure Time (2010–18). Sanchez first rose to prominence when he became a storyboard artist of the Cartoon Network series The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack (2008–10). Sanchez also worked as a supervising director on Long Live the Royals (2015) and as a supervising producer on the series Summer Camp Island (2018–23).
Cuba national under-18 baseball team
The Cuba national under-18 baseball team is the national under-18 team representing Cuba in international baseball competitions. The organization is currently ranked 9th in the world by the World Baseball Softball Confederation.  They compete in the bi-annual U-18 Baseball World Cup. They have won the tournament a leading 11 times.

U-18 Baseball World Cup
The U-18 Baseball World Cup is the 18-and-under baseball world championship sanctioned by the International Baseball Federation (IBAF) and its successor, the World Baseball Softball Confederation (WBSC), and was first held in 1981 in the United States. Because it is a world championship, the results of the U-18 Baseball World Cup affect the WBSC World Rankings.

Several players who have participated in the U-18 Baseball World Cup have gone on to stardom at the professional level, including Japan's Yu Darvish, USA's Clayton Kershaw, Francisco Lindor and Buster Posey, and Cuba's Yasiel Puig and Aroldis Chapman, among many others.

Prior to 2010, the IBAF organized the World Junior Baseball Championship. The WBSC was created in 2013 when the IBAF merged with the International Softball Federation.
Gwen Knapp
Mary Gwen Knapp (November 18, 1961 – January 20, 2023) was an American sports journalist. During her career as sportswriter, she wrote for newspapers including The Philadelphia Inquirer, the San Francisco Examiner, the San Francisco Chronicle, and The New York Times. She also wrote for the Sports on Earth website. As one of the few female sports columnists at major metropolitan newspapers in the 1990s, Knapp developed a national reputation for going beyond the headlines to explore issues such as drugs, sexism, homophobia, and racism in sports. She was a finalist for numerous sports journalism awards, and won the Associated Press Sports Writers award for column writing in 1998.

San Francisco Examiner
The San Francisco Examiner is a newspaper distributed in and around San Francisco, California, and has been published since 1863. Once self-dubbed the "Monarch of the Dailies" by then-owner William Randolph Hearst and the flagship of the Hearst chain, the Examiner converted to free distribution early in the 21st century and is owned by Clint Reilly Communications, which bought the newspaper at the end of 2020 along with the SF Weekly.
Saranya Nag
Saranya Nag is an Indian former actress who has appeared in Tamil language films. She made her debut in a supporting role in Balaji Sakthivel's critically acclaimed Kaadhal (2004), before playing leading roles in Peraanmai (2009) and Mazhaikkalam (2012).

Kaadhal
Kaadhal (transl. Love) is a 2004 Indian Tamil-language romantic drama film based on a true story, directed by Balaji Sakthivel, starring Bharath and Sandhya. It was produced by S. Shankar and featured music composed by Joshua Sridhar. The film opened on 17 December 2004 to critical acclaim and was a high commercial success. It was Bharath's first successful film as a main lead actor. The film was dubbed into Telugu as Premisthe in 2005. It was remade in Kannada as Cheluvina Chittara in 2007, in Bengali as Chirodini Tumi Je Amar in 2008, in Bangladesh as Nogor Mastan in 2015, in Marathi as Ved Laavi Jeeva in 2010, in Nepali as Manjari in 2013 and in Punjabi as Ramta Jogi in 2015.
Kerala J. Snyder
Kerala Johnson Snyder is an American musicologist and educator. She is Professor Emerita of Musicology and Affiliate Faculty of Organ, Sacred Music and Historical Keyboards at the Eastman School of Music, University of Rochester. She previously taught at Yale University.

Eastman School of Music
The Eastman School of Music is the music school of the University of Rochester, a private research university in Rochester, New York, United States. Established in 1921 by celebrated industrialist and philanthropist George Eastman, it was the first professional school of the university.

The school offers Bachelor of Music (BM) degrees, Master of Arts (MA) degrees, Master of Music (MM) degrees, Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) degrees, and Doctor of Musical Arts (DMA) degrees in various musical fields, along with a special dual degree with the College of Arts & Sciences for students with multiple interests. The school has three performing orchestras, the Eastman Philharmonia, the Eastman School Symphony Orchestra, and the Philharmonia Chamber Orchestra.

As of 2024, there were more than 950 students enrolled in the collegiate division of the Eastman School (approximately 500 undergraduate and 450 graduate students).
Boh predvichnyi narodyvsia
"Boh predvichnyi narodyvsia" (Ukrainian: «Бог предвічний народився») is a Ukrainian Christmas carol (koliadka), which is translated into English as "Eternal God Was Born" or sometimes "Pre-eternal God Was Born." It focuses on the incarnation in the story of the nativity.

Koliadka
Koliadka are traditional songs usually sung in Eastern Slavic, Central European and Eastern European countries during the Christmas holiday season. It is believed that everything sung about will come true.

Singing of koliadky is connected with the practice of koliaduvannia (koleduvane, kolędowanie), which involves people, usually children and youths, going from house to house carrying a star and greeting the hosts with songs.
Me and My Beast Boss
Me and My Beast Boss (獣上司に実は認められていた話, Kemono Jōshi ni Jitsuwa Mitome Rareteita Hanashi) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Shiroinu. It was originally published as webcomic on the author's Twitter account in September 2020. It was later acquired by Enterbrain who began serializing it on the Pixiv Comic website under their B's Log Cheek brand in April 2021.

Pixiv
Pixiv is a Japanese online community for artists. It was first launched as a beta test on September 10, 2007, by Takahiro Kamitani and Takanori Katagiri. Pixiv Inc. is headquartered in Sendagaya, Shibuya, Tokyo, Japan. As of January 2024, the site consists of over 100 million members, over 115 million illustration and manga and over 21 million novel works posted. Pixiv aims to provide a place for artists to exhibit their illustrations and get feedback via a rating system and user comments. Works are organized in an extensive tag structure which forms the backbone of the website.
Exaggerator
Exaggerator (foaled February 5, 2013) is a retired American Thoroughbred racehorse, winner of the 2016 Preakness Stakes. Racing as a two-year-old in 2015, he won three of his six starts including the Saratoga Special Stakes and the Delta Jackpot Stakes as well as finishing second in the Breeders' Futurity and fourth in the Breeders' Cup Juvenile.  The following spring, he finished second in the San Vicente Stakes and third in the San Felipe Stakes before establishing himself as a contender for the 2016 Kentucky Derby with a six length win in the Santa Anita Derby. After finishing second to Nyquist in the Derby, he turned the tables to win the 2016 Preakness Stakes. He ran poorly in the 2016 Belmont Stakes but defeated Nyquist again in the Haskell Invitational. Tactically, Exaggerator was a "closer" – one who prefers to come from behind in his races.

Breeders' Futurity Stakes
The Breeders' Futurity Stakes is an American Grade I Thoroughbred horse race held annually in early October at Keeneland Race Course in Lexington, Kentucky. Currently offering a purse of $650,000, the race is open to two-year-old horses and is run at a distance of one and one-sixteenth miles on the dirt. From 1997 to 2008, the race was sponsored by Lane's End Farm. From 2009 to 2013 it was sponsored by Dixiana Farm. It is now sponsored by Claiborne Farm.