hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Agdal
Agdal (Moroccan Arabic: أݣدال) is a historical concept in Morocco, referring to gardens or farmland owned by the Makhzen or the community, and forbidden to the public, whether permanently or during certain periods. Nowadays, the name is used for areas in some Moroccan cities such as Rabat, Fes, Marrakech and Meknes, which had historically been protected gardens, going back at least to the Almohad era in the 12th century.

The word Agdal comes from Amazigh language, and means either "garden" or "protected grazing land", usually surrounded by a fence and forbidden to the public. Many places called "Agdal" today, especially within urban areas, were originally grazing lands for government-owned horses. In general, the term "Agdal" has the connotation of something private or forbidden.

Meknes
Meknes (Arabic: مكناس, romanized: maknās, pronounced [maknaːs]) is one of the four Imperial cities of Morocco, located in northern central Morocco and the sixth largest city by population in the kingdom. Founded in the 11th century by the Almoravids as a military settlement, Meknes became the capital of Morocco during the reign of Sultan Ismail Ibn Sharif (1672–1727), son of the founder of the Alaouite dynasty. Sultan Ismail created a massive imperial palace complex and endowed the city with extensive fortifications and monumental gates. The city recorded a population of 551,503 in the 2024 Moroccan census. It is the seat of Meknès Prefecture and an important economic hub in the region of Fès-Meknès.
Ophiogomphus rupinsulensis
Ophiogomphus rupinsulensis, the rusty snaketail, is a species of clubtail in the family of dragonflies known as Gomphidae. It is found in North America.

The IUCN conservation status of Ophiogomphus rupinsulensis is "LC", least concern, with no immediate threat to the species' survival. The population is stable.

Gomphidae
The Gomphidae are a family of dragonflies commonly referred to as clubtails or club-tailed dragonflies. The family contains about 90 genera and 900 species found across North and South America, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Africa. The name refers to the club-like widening of the end of the abdomen (abdominal segments 7 through 9). However, this club is usually less pronounced in females and is entirely absent in some species.
Simon Murray (footballer)
Simon Murray (born 22 March 1992) is a Scottish professional footballer who plays as a striker for Scottish Premiership club Dundee.

After beginning his senior career with Montrose, Murray played for several junior clubs before returning to senior football with Arbroath in 2014. He signed for Dundee United in January 2015, but initially remained with Arbroath on loan. After two seasons in the United first team, Murray moved to Hibernian in 2017. He spent the latter part of the 2017–18 season on loan at Dundee, then moved to South African club Bidvest Wits in July 2018. He returned to Scotland during 2020, when he signed for Queen's Park, with whom he would lead the side in back-to-back promotions and a rise to the Scottish Championship. He signed for Ross County in January 2023, whom he helped stay in the Premiership for two straight seasons, before returning to Dundee in 2024.

Arbroath F.C.
Arbroath Football Club is a semi-professional Scottish football club based in the town of Arbroath, Angus. They currently play in the Scottish Championship. The club was founded in 1878 and plays home matches at Gayfield Park. They play in maroon strips and are nicknamed "The Red Lichties" due to the red light that used to guide fishing boats back from the North Sea to the Burgh's harbour. The Red Lichties share a long-standing and fierce rivalry with local neighbours Montrose, as well as with fellow local sides Forfar Athletic and Brechin City.
2024–25 Galatasaray S.K. season
The 2024–25 season was the 120th season in the existence of Galatasaray S.K., and the club's 67th consecutive season in the top flight of Turkish football. In addition to the domestic league, Galatasaray participated in this season's edition of the Turkish Cup, Turkish Super Cup, UEFA Champions League and UEFA Europa League.

This was the final season to feature club legend Fernando Muslera. After 14 years and 19 trophies, Muslera would leave the team at the end of the season when his contract expired.

Additionally, this was the final season that Galatasaray's logo featured four stars. Having secured its 25th championship title at the end of the season, the team would add a fifth star to its logo.

2024 Turkish Super Cup
The 2024 Turkish Super Cup, or the 2024 Turkcell Super Cup (Turkish: 2024 Turkcell Süper Kupa) for sponsorship reasons, was the 51st edition of the Turkish Super Cup since its establishment as Presidential Cup in 1966, the annual Turkish football match contested by the winners of the previous season's top league and cup competitions (or cup runner-up in case the league- and cup-winning club is the same). The game was played on 3 August 2024 between Galatasaray and Beşiktaş. The venue was the Atatürk Olympic Stadium in Istanbul, Turkey.

Beşiktaş won the match 5–0, making this the largest margin of victory ever in a Turkish Super Cup match, as well as the club's joint-largest win against their city rivals.
Martin Musau
Martin Musau (born 5 October 1998) is a Ugandan long-distance runner who specializes in road running events, particularly the marathon. He won the 2021 Hamburg Marathon on his debut over the distance and has since improved his personal best to 2:08:42.

Hamburg Marathon
The Hamburg Marathon (German: Hamburg-Marathon) is an annual marathon race over the classic distance of 42.195 km (26.219 mi) held in Hamburg, Germany. In 2009, 13,938 participants were counted.  The marathon is categorized as a Gold Label Road Race by World Athletics.
Puspashree Pattnaik
Puspashree Pattnaik is an Indian educator, popular science author, activist and archivist. She is known for her contribution to the fields of science education, popular science, environmentalism, and archiving. Exploring Nature is a book by her. She co-founded nonprofit Srujanika that focuses on research and innovation in science, education, and development with an emphasis on the Odia language, along with her husband Nikhil Mohan Pattnaik. Pattnaik co-founded the children's educational initiative Integral Education Centre at Srujanika and co-edited the organization's magazine Bigyana Tarang. The Odisha Bigyan Academy awarded her the Pranakrushna Parija Popular Science Award for the book, Kahinki Bhai Kahinki in 1997.

Popular science
Popular science (also called pop-science or popsci) is an interpretation of science intended for a general audience. It is presented in many forms, including books, film and television documentaries, magazine articles, and web pages.

It may be written by scientists themselves or by professional journalists. While science journalism focuses on recent scientific developments, popular science is more broad ranging.
Musafir (1957 film)
Musafir (lit. 'Traveller') is a 1957 Hindi film directed by Hrishikesh Mukherjee, being his directorial debut. The screenplay and story were written by Hrishikesh Mukherjee and Ritwik Ghatak respectively. The film is about a house and the lives of three families who live in it, so in essence, it is three stories linked by the house. The first part stars Suchitra Sen, Shekhar in the lead role; The second part stars Kishore Kumar, Nirupa Roy, in the lead roles; The third part stars Dilip Kumar, Usha Kiran in the lead roles. The film was a profitable venture for Hrishikesh Mukherjee.

Nirupa Roy
Nirupa Roy (born Kokila Kishorechandra Bulsara; 4 January 1931 – 13 October 2004) was an Indian actress who primarily worked in Hindi films. She was mainly known for playing motherly roles and was dubbed the "Queen of Misery" in Hindi film circles due to her portrayals of tragedy and sorrow.  Roy was active from 1946 to 1999, appeared in over 250 films, and won three Filmfare Awards throughout her career, and was nominated a total of 4 times. In 2004, Roy received the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award.
Heliostibes vibratrix
Heliostibes vibratrix is a species of moth in the family Oecophoridae. It is endemic to New Zealand. This species inhabits open mountainside habitat and is known to feed on Nothofagus truncata. Yellow-crowned parakeets predate the larvae of H. vibratrix.

Nothofagus truncata
Nothofagus truncata, or hard beech (Māori: tawhairaunui), is a species of tree endemic to New Zealand. Its common name derives from the fact that the timber has a high silica content, making it tough and difficult to saw. Hard beech is a tree up to 30m tall occurring in lowland and lower montane forest from latitude 35°S to 42°30'S, that is, from the north of the North Island southwards to Marlborough and south Westland in the South Island. In Taranaki it forms almost pure stands on the rugged sandstone country there and is partially deciduous, dropping many of its leaves at the end of the winter. N. truncata became known as Fuscospora truncata after 2013 in New Zealand.
1980 CONCACAF U-20 Tournament
The 1980 CONCACAF Under-20 Championship was held in the United States. It also served as qualification for the 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship.

Haiti were initially set to host the tournament but later withdrew.

1981 FIFA World Youth Championship
The 1981 FIFA World Youth Championship, the third edition of the FIFA World Youth Championship, was held in Australia from 3 to 18 October 1981. The tournament took place in across venues in Adelaide, Brisbane, Canberra, Melbourne, Newcastle and Sydney where a total of 32 matches were played. The championship winner was West Germany, who defeated Qatar 4–0 in a final held at Sydney Cricket Ground. The official mascot was the kookaburra 'Kickaburra'.
German submarine U-2519
German submarine U-2519 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. The submarine was laid down on 24 August 1944 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, launched on 13 October 1944, and commissioned on 15 November 1944 under the command of Korvettenkapitän Peter-Erich Cremer, who commanded her until February 1945. U-2519 conducted no patrols and was scuttled on 3 May 1945 in Kiel. The wreck was broken up.

Elektroboot
An Elektroboot ("electric boat" in German) was a submarine designed to operate entirely submerged, rather than as submersibles that could submerge as a temporary means to escape detection or launch an attack.
2018 Peru earthquake
An earthquake struck Peru at 04:18:45 PET (09:18:45 UTC) on 14 January 2018. It had a magnitude of Mww 7.1 with a maximum perceived intensity of VII (very strong) on the Mercalli intensity scale. Two deaths have been reported, with a further 139 people injured. Widespread damage to adobe houses was reported with 443 homes being destroyed. An initial tsunami warning was later rescinded.

2007 Peru earthquake
The 2007 Peru earthquake, which measured 8.0 on the moment magnitude scale, hit the central coast of Peru on August 15 at 23:40:57 UTC (18:40:57 local time) and lasted two minutes. The epicenter was located 150 km (93 mi) south-southeast of Lima at a depth of 39 km (24 mi). At least 595 people died and over 2,290 people were injured.
Susanna Cutini
Susanna Cutini (born in Arezzo, Italy, 1962) is a journalist, a chef and a scholar of Italian recipes. She works for the University of Siena as an expert in the history of cooking, and has programs on RAI and Sky Television.

University of Siena
The University of Siena (Italian: Università degli Studi di Siena, abbreviation: UNISI), located in Siena, Tuscany, holds the distinction of being Italy's first publicly funded university as well as one of the oldest, originally established as Studium Senese in 1240. As of 2022, it hosts approximately 16,000 students—nearly one-third of Siena's total population of about 53,000. The university is renowned for its schools of law, medicine, and economics and management.
Bertha Sanseverino
Bertha Elba Sanseverino Mansilla (April 25, 1946 – June 18, 2018) was a Uruguayan politician and member of the Broad Front (Frente Amplio) since 1971 and the Liber Seregni Front faction of the Uruguay Assembly, a social democratic political party. Sanseverino served as a member of the Departmental Board of Montevideo (Junta Departamental de Montevideo), the legislative body of Montevideo Department, for two terms from 1995 until 2004. In 2010, she was elected to the national Chamber of Representatives of Uruguay, where she served until her death in office in June 2018.

Broad Front (Uruguay)
The Broad Front (Spanish: Frente Amplio, FA) is a political coalition in Uruguay. Since 2025, it has been the ruling party of Uruguay, having previously ruled from 2005 to 2020 and has produced three presidents: Tabaré Vázquez (2005–2010; 2015–2020), José Mujica (2010–2015) and Yamandú Orsi (2025–present). Since 1999, it has been the largest party in Uruguay's General Assembly.
Włodzimierz Błasiak
Włodzimierz Błasiak (Polish: [vwɔˈd͡ʑimjɛʐ ˈbwaɕak]; is a Polish engineer and  Professor at the Department of Materials Science and Engineering of the KTH Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm. He is known for research in the areas of mineralogy, waste management, pyrolysis, energy engineering and plasma gasification. He is the winner of the 2010 George Westinghouse Medal.

Mineralogy
Mineralogy is a subject of geology specializing in the scientific study of the chemistry, crystal structure, and physical (including optical) properties of minerals and mineralized artifacts. Specific studies within mineralogy include the processes of mineral origin and formation, classification of minerals, their geographical distribution, and their utilization.
Braxton Family Values season 6
The sixth season of Braxton Family Values, an American reality television series, was broadcast on WE tv. It premiered on March 22, 2018, and was primarily filmed in Atlanta, Georgia and Los Angeles, California. Its executive producers are Toni Braxton, Tamar Braxton, Dan Cutforth, Jane Lipsitz, Julio Kollerbohm, Michelle Kongkasuwan, Lauren Gellert, Annabelle McDonald, and Sitarah Pendleton.

Braxton Family Values focuses on the lives of Toni Braxton and her sisters — Tamar, Traci, Towanda, and Trina — and their mother, Evelyn.

We TV
We TV is an American cable television channel owned by AMC Networks. The channel primarily airs lifestyle and entertainment programming targeting women, including reality television programs and acquired series.

The channel originally launched on September 1, 1997 as Romance Classics, a spin-off of AMC focusing primarily on romance films. It first adopted its current branding on January 1, 2001, pivoting to a general entertainment format targeting women. Later shifts in its programming have included a focus on reality series, and programming targeting African American women.

As of November 2023, We TV is available to approximately 64,000,000 pay television households in the United States-down from its 2017 peak of 87,000,000 households.
James H. Jackson
James H. Jackson (born April 24, 1939) is a former science teacher, coach, businessman, and state legislator from Iowa. He was a Democrat. He was born in Waterloo, Iowa and graduated from East High School. He graduated from the State College of Iowa in Cedar Falls, Iowa. He married Janet L. Norman in 1958 and they had three daughters. He was hired by Pepsi.

He lived in Waterloo, Iowa and headed the science department at McKinstry High School. He was a Democrat. He was a Chancellor in the Knights of Pythias.

Waterloo, Iowa
Waterloo is a city in and the county seat of Black Hawk County, Iowa, United States. It is the eighth-most populous city in Iowa, with a population of 67,314 at the 2020 census. Waterloo comprises a twin conurbation with neighboring municipality Cedar Falls, and is the larger of the two cities. The Waterloo – Cedar Falls metropolitan area has an estimated 170,000 residents.

Waterloo is a major manufacturing, commercial, and cultural center in Northeast Iowa. John Deere, a brand renowned for its tractors, engines, and other agricultural machinery, has been manufacturing its products in the city for over a century. Locally known as the “Factory City,” Waterloo has played a significant role in the production of these important agricultural tools. Waterloo is bisected by the Cedar River flowing southeastward.
Sandy Is a Lady
Sandy Is a Lady is a 1940 American comedy film directed by Charles Lamont and written by Charles Grayson. The film stars Baby Sandy, Billy Lenhart, Kenneth Brown, Eugene Pallette, Nan Grey, Tom Brown, Mischa Auer, Billy Gilbert and Edgar Kennedy. The film was released on May 21, 1940, by Universal Pictures.

Eugene Pallette
Eugene William Pallette (July 8, 1889 – September 3, 1954) was an American actor who worked in both the silent and sound eras, performing in more than 240 productions between 1913 and 1946. After an early career as a slender leading man, Pallette became a stout character actor. He had a deep voice, which some critics have likened to the sound of a croaking frog, and is probably best-remembered for comic character roles such as Alexander Bullock (Carole Lombard's character's father) in My Man Godfrey (1936), Friar Tuck in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), and his similar role as Fray Felipe in The Mark of Zorro (1940). He also co-starred in Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939) and Heaven Can Wait (1943).
Grant Fisher
Grant Jackson Fisher (born April 22, 1997) is an American middle- and long-distance runner who is the world record holder in the short track 3000 m and 5000 m. Fisher also holds American records in the 3000 m, two mile, and 10,000 m events. At the 2024 Paris Olympics, Fisher won bronze medals in the 5000 m and 10,000 m, becoming the first American to medal in both events at an Olympic Games.

In high school, Fisher was named Gatorade Player of the Year for cross country for the 2013–2014 and 2014–2015 seasons. On June 4, 2015, he became the seventh American high school student to run a mile under four minutes. He competed for Stanford University from 2015 to 2019, where he was a 12-time All-American. At the 2017 NCAA Outdoor Track and Field Championships, he won the 5000 m, becoming the first American underclassman to do so in 28 years. Fisher has competed professionally for Nike since 2019.

Galen Rupp
Galen Rupp (born May 8, 1986) is an American long-distance runner. He competed in the Summer Olympics in 2008 in Beijing, 2012 in London, 2016 in Rio de Janeiro and 2021 in Tokyo. He won the silver medal in the men's 10,000 meters in London and the bronze medal in the men's marathon in Rio de Janeiro. Rupp competed for the University of Oregon and trained under Alberto Salazar as a member of the Nike Oregon Project. He won the 2017 Chicago Marathon, becoming the first American to do so since Khalid Khannouchi in 2002. Rupp won the marathon at the 2020 United States Olympic Trials (marathon) in Atlanta with a time of 2:09:20, and qualified for the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games, where he finished eighth.

Rupp holds or held multiple U.S. records at the high school, collegiate and senior levels. He is considered to be one of the greatest American distance runners of all time.
Alexo, Alberta
Alexo is a ghost town in Alberta, Canada. Built as a coal mining town, it lies in the foothills of the Canadian Rockies at an elevation of about 1,260 metres (4,130 ft), near the David Thompson Highway between the towns of Nordegg and Rocky Mountain House. In 1984, the Townsite of Alexo was transformed into a summer camp by YouthHQ which operates out of Red Deer, Alberta. Shunda Creek and the North Saskatchewan River run to the south of it.

Nordegg
Nordegg is a hamlet in west-central Alberta, Canada within Clearwater County. It is in the North Saskatchewan River valley in the foothills of the Canadian Rockies, just east of the intersection of the David Thompson Highway and the Highway 734 spur of the Bighorn Highway (the Forestry Trunk Road). A former coal mining town, it was named after Martin Nordegg and the name probably means "North Corner" in a German dialect. The railway station name at the locality was called Brazeau rather than Nordegg at certain points in its history, but the local post office has always been named Nordegg. The name Brazeau is now obsolete.
Syracuse Pros
A nameless professional American football team, based in Syracuse, New York and generically known as the Syracuse Pros or Syracuse Eleven, was once thought to have joined the American Professional Football Association (now the National Football League (NFL) for the 1921 season. The team was coached by Mike Purdy and managed by Andy Friedman. Syracuse University multi-sport standout John Barsha was the team's franchise player.

Akron Pros
The Akron Pros were a professional football team that played in Akron, Ohio from 1908 to 1926. The team originated in 1908 as a semi-pro team named the Akron Indians, but later became Akron Pros in 1920 as the team set out to become a charter member of the American Professional Football Association (later renamed the National Football League (NFL) in 1922). Fritz Pollard, the first black head coach in the NFL, co-coached the Akron Pros in 1921. Paul Robeson played for the team in 1921 as well. He was among the earliest stars of professional football before football became segregated from 1934 to 1946. In 1926, the name was changed back to the Akron Indians, after the earlier semi-pro team. Due to financial problems, the team suspended operations in 1927 and surrendered its franchise the following year.
The Invisible Girl (story)
The Invisible Girl is a Gothic tale written by Mary Shelley and first published in The Keepsake for 1833. The tale is set in Wales, and tells the story of a young woman named Rosina, who lives with her guardian, Sir Peter Vernon, and is secretly engaged to his son, Henry. Henry is away from home when their relationship is discovered, and Sir Peter casts Rosina out of the house. Sir Peter regrets his harshness and searches for her, but assumes she is dead when she cannot be found. Henry returns home to the news of Rosina's death and is heartbroken. He joins the search for her body, and the villagers tell him about the Invisible Girl, a ghostly figure who wanders the woods at night. Henry finds Rosina hiding in a remote ruin and discovers that she is really the Invisible Girl. Sir Peter forgives them for their secret engagement, and they are married.

The Keepsake
The Keepsake was an English literary annual which ran from 1828 to 1857, published each Christmas from 1827 to 1856, for perusal during the year of the title. Like other literary annuals, The Keepsake was an anthology of short fiction, poetry, essays, and engraved illustrations. It was a gift book designed to appeal to young women, and was distinctive for its binding of scarlet dress silk and the quality of its illustrations. Although the literature in The Keepsake and other annuals is often regarded as second-rate, many of the contributors to The Keepsake are canonical authors of the Romantic period.
Six Dance Lessons in Six Weeks
Six Dance Lessons in Six Weeks is a 2001 play by American playwright Richard Alfieri.  It is a play with only two characters: Lily Harrison, the formidable widow of a Baptist minister, and Michael Minetti, a gay and acerbic dance instructor hired to give her dancing lessons.  It premiered at the Geffen Playhouse in Los Angeles (with Uta Hagen and David Hyde Pierce in its two roles) before moving to Broadway.  It has gone on to performances in 24 countries and been translated into 14 languages.

Geffen Playhouse
The Geffen Playhouse is a not-for-profit theater company founded in Los Angeles, California by Gilbert Cates in 1995.

It produces plays in two theaters in Geffen Playhouse, which is owned by University of California Los Angeles. The Playhouse is located in the Westwood neighborhood of Los Angeles, California. It was named for donor David Geffen. The current executive director is Gil Cates Jr.