hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
The Vyne
The Vyne is a Grade I listed 16th-century country house in the parish of Sherborne St John, near Basingstoke, in Hampshire, England. The house was first built circa 1500–10 in the Tudor style by William Sandys, 1st Baron Sandys, Lord Chamberlain to King Henry VIII. In the 17th century it was transformed to resemble a classical mansion. Today, although much reduced in size, the house retains its Tudor chapel, with contemporary stained glass. The classical portico on the north front was added in 1654 to the design of John Webb, a pupil of Inigo Jones, and is notable as the first portico in English domestic architecture.

In the mid-18th century the house belonged to John Chaloner Chute, a close friend of the architectural pioneer Horace Walpole, who designed the principal stair hall containing an imperial staircase the grand scale of which belies its true small size. In 1958 The Vyne was bequeathed by Charles Chute to the National Trust.

Inigo Jones
Inigo Jones (15 July 1573 – 21 June 1652) was an English architect who was the first significant architect in England in the early modern era and the first to employ Vitruvian rules of proportion and symmetry in his buildings.
As the most notable architect in England, Jones was the first person to introduce the classical architecture of Rome and the Italian Renaissance to England. He left his mark on London by his design of single buildings, such as the Queen's House which is the first building in England designed in a pure classical style, and the Banqueting House, Whitehall, as well as the layout for Covent Garden square which became a model for future developments in the West End. He made major contributions to stage design by his work as a theatrical designer for several dozen masques, most by royal command and many in collaboration with Ben Jonson.
Nnaniki Wilhemina Tebogo Makwinja
Nnaniki Wilhemina Tebogo Makwinja is a Motswana politician who served in the National Assembly of Botswana from 2019 until 2024, representing the Lentsweletau-Mmopane constituency as a member of the Botswana Democratic Party. She briefly served as Minister of Environment and Tourism from September until November 2024.

Lentsweletau
Lentsweletau is a village in Kweneng District of Botswana. It is located 60 km north of Gaborone. The population was 4,916 in 2011 census. A large percentage of the population is from the Bakwena tribe, and its capital is called Molepolole, also in the Kweneng District. The name Lentsweletau translates as a Lentswe = Rock (or rocky hill), le = and, tau = lion.
Frank McGrath (footballer)
Francis Gerard McGrath (22 August 1917 – 27 May 2008) was an Australian rules footballer who played with Carlton and Melbourne in the Victorian Football League (VFL).

McGrath, who managed eight games for the Blues in their 1945 premiership season, after a two-game stint with Melbourne, was the older brother of JP "Shane" McGrath, the former Melbourne captain and dual premiership full-back.

McGrath also served in both the Australian Army and Royal Australian Air Force during World War II.

Shane McGrath (footballer, born 1919)
James Patrick "Shane" McGrath (6 June 1919 – 1 November 1974) was an Australian rules footballer who played for Melbourne in the Victorian Football League during the 1940s.

A fullback, McGrath was a member of Melbourne's 1941 premiership side before missing the following two seasons due to war service. He was a premiership player again in 1948 and captained the club during his last season, in 1950. McGrath represented Victoria at interstate football regularly.
The Path of Death
The Path of Death (German: Der Weg des Todes) is a 1917 German silent drama film directed by Robert Reinert and starring Maria Carmi, Carl de Vogt and Conrad Veidt. It marked the screen debut of Veidt. The film was shot in late 1916, but released the following year. It is a 
lost film.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert A. Dietrich.

Conrad Veidt
Hans Walter Conrad Veidt (/faɪt/ FYTE, German: [ˈkɔnʁaːt ˈfaɪt]; 22 January 1893 – 3 April 1943) was a German and British actor. He attracted early attention for his roles in the films Different from the Others (1919), The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920), and The Man Who Laughs (1928). After a successful career in German silent films, where he was one of the best-paid stars of UFA, Veidt and his new Jewish wife Ilona Prager left Germany in 1933 after the Nazis came to power. The couple settled in Britain, where he took citizenship in 1939. Veidt subsequently appeared in many British films, including The Thief of Bagdad (1940). After emigrating to the United States around 1941, he was cast as Major Strasser in Casablanca (1942), his last film role to be released during his lifetime.
Bad Blood (1994 film)
Bad Blood (known in most international territories as Viper) is a 1994 American action film directed by Tibor Takács, starring Lorenzo Lamas, Frankie Thorn, Hank Cheyne, Joe Son and John P. Ryan. Lamas stars as a bitter ex-cop who, after losing his badge and serving time to protect his crook brother, is asked by their father and his ex—now the brother's girlfriend—to defend him once more against a powerful mobster he has defrauded. Like MDP's earlier Joshua Tree, Bad Blood mixes noir with Hong Kong influences, and it shares some personnel with that film.

Joshua Tree (1993 film)
Joshua Tree (released under the alternative title Army of One) is a 1993 American action film directed by Vic Armstrong, written by Steven Pressfield and starring Dolph Lundgren, Kristian Alfonso, and George Segal. Much of the film was filmed in Los Angeles, Lone Pine, Agua Dulce, and Joshua Tree National Park in Southern California. The climax was shot in the Cottonwood Canyon region of the Sierra Nevada mountain range.
Low Tide
Low Tide is a 2019 American drama film, written and directed by Kevin McMullin. It stars Keean Johnson, Alex Neustaedter, Daniel Zolghadri, Kristine Froseth, Shea Whigham, and Jaeden Martell.

It had its world premiere at the Tribeca Film Festival on April 28, 2019 and was theatrically released in the United States on October 4, 2019, by A24 and released internationally by DirecTV Cinema.

DirecTV Cinema
DirecTV Cinema (previously known as Direct Ticket, Blockbuster Ticket, Blockbuster Pay-Per-View Movies, and DirecTV Pay-Per-View) is DirecTV's video on demand and pay-per-view platform for film content. Films are released as is done on other pay-TV services, along with exclusive film premieres priced at premium rates before entering theatrical distribution.
Psilopogon
Psilopogon is a genus of Old World barbets that used to include only a single species, the fire-tufted barbet (P. pyrolophus). Results of molecular phylogenetic analyses indicate that the genus is nested within an evolutionary branch consisting of Asian barbets that were formerly placed in the genus Megalaima proposed by George Robert Gray in 1841. Since Psilopogon was proposed by Salomon Müller already in 1835, this name takes priority.

The name Psilopogon combines the Ancient Greek psilos meaning "bare" and pōgōn meaning "beard".

Salomon Müller
Salomon Müller (7 April 1804 – 29 December 1864) was a German naturalist. He was born in Heidelberg, and died in Freiburg im Breisgau.

Müller was the son of a saddler in Heidelberg. Along with Heinrich Boie and Heinrich Christian Macklot, he was sent by Coenraad Jacob Temminck to collect specimens in the East Indies. Here, he worked as an assistant for the Natuurkundige Commissie (Commission for Natural Sciences), an organization that he eventually became a member of.

Müller arrived in Batavia in 1826, then journeyed to New Guinea and Timor in 1828 aboard the Triton. He published a number of works drawing on his experiences during that voyage along the coast of New Guinea. Beginning in October 1828, he remained at the port city of Kupang, penetrating the interior of Timor during the following year. In 1831, he was stationed in Java, and later explored western Sumatra from 1833 to 1835.
Scotland men's national under-18 basketball team
The Scotland men's national under-18 basketball team is a national basketball team of Scotland, administered by the Basketballscotland. It represents the country in international under-18 basketball competitions.

The team participated at eight FIBA U18 European Championship Division B tournaments. They also won four medals at the FIBA U18 European Championship Division C.

FIBA U18 EuroBasket
The FIBA U18 EuroBasket, formerly the FIBA U18 European Championship, and originally the FIBA European Championship for Juniors is an annual men's youth basketball competition contested by the under-18 national teams from FIBA Europe.

The inaugural tournament was in 1964, and was held biennially until 2002. Since 2004, the competition has been played every year. The tournament serves as qualification for the FIBA Under-19 World Cup in even numbered years. The current champions are Spain.
Ted Tattersfield
Edward Tattersfield (second ¼ 1912 – 4 October 1991) was an English professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1930s and 1940s, and coached in the 1940s. He played at representative level for England, and at club level for Reckitt ARLFC (works team of Reckitt and Sons in Kingston upon Hull), Hull Kingston Rovers, Leeds (captain), Halifax (World War II guest), Batley and Hull FC, as an occasional goal-kicking second-row or loose forward, and coached at club level for Hull F.C. and the Hull Dockers (Hull and District League). Ted Tattersfield was a Corporal in the British Army during World War II.

Batley Bulldogs
The Batley Bulldogs are an English professional rugby league club in Batley, West Yorkshire, who play in the Championship. Batley were one of the original twenty-two rugby football clubs that formed the Northern Rugby Football Union in 1895. They were League Champions in 1924 and have won three Challenge Cups.
Alwyn Davey Jr.
Alwyn Davey Jr. (born 26 February 2004) is a former professional Australian rules footballer who played for the Essendon Football Club in the Australian Football League (AFL). Davey is the son of former Essendon player Alwyn Davey and twin brother of fellow former Essendon player Jayden Davey, both having joined their father's former club under the father–son rule in the 2022 AFL draft.

2022 AFL draft
The 2022 AFL draft consisted of the various periods where the 18 clubs in the Australian Football League (AFL) could trade and recruit players during and following the completion of the 2022 AFL season.
Calvin Choi
Calvin Choi Wai-chun (Chinese: 蔡蔚駿; born 1974/1975), also known by his pen name Fatmoonba (月巴氏), is a Hong Kong writer, film critic, and radio host. He currently writes columns for am730 and Hong Kong Economic Times, and is a co-host of Commercial Radio Hong Kong's 903 Open Box.

Am730
Am730 is a free daily Chinese language newspaper published in Hong Kong, the third with the prior two being Headline Daily and Metropolis Daily. Shih Wing-ching, chairman of Centaline Holdings, a property agency, is the founder of the newspaper.
Kiyama Island
Kiyama Island (Japanese: 木山島) is an uninhabited island of the Amami Islands within the larger Satsunan Islands, Japan, administratively belonging to Setouchi, Ōshima District, Kagoshima Prefecture. It is just 300 meters from Ukejima and can be reached by a jeep track from Ukeamuro town on Ukejima. There is a diving and fishing spot and a beach on the island.

Satsunan Islands
The Satsunan Islands (薩南諸島, Satsunan-shotō) is a geopolitical name for a group of islands that forms the northern part of the Ryukyu Islands. The whole island group belongs to Kagoshima Prefecture, Japan.
NZR RM class (Leyland petrol)
The NZR RM class Leyland petrol railcar was an experimental railcar built and trialled in New Zealand in 1925 by New Zealand Railways (NZR). It should not be confused with the two much smaller Leyland diesel railbuses of 1936.

NZR RM class (Midland)
The NZR RM class Midland railcar (or Leyland diesel railcar) was the first successful railcar, and first diesel-powered vehicle, to enter revenue service in New Zealand. Two were built, RM 20 and RM 21, and they ran for five years from 1936 to 1941 before being replaced by larger Vulcan railcars.  They operated primarily on the Midland Line and the Greymouth-Hokitika portion of the Ross Branch

These kinds of vehicles were known in some other countries by a variety of other names, including "railbuses" and "railmotors". However, such self-propelled passenger vehicles were known in New Zealand as "railcars" from the late-1920s onwards.
Sachin Yadav (Madhya Pradesh politician)
Sachin Subhashchandra Yadav (born 10 January 1982) is an Indian politician from Madhya Pradesh. He is a thiree-time MLA from Kasrawad Constituency of Khargone District representing the Indian National Congress and a former cabinet minister in the government of Madhya Pradesh from 2018 to 2020.

Kasrawad
Kasrawad is a tehsil and  nagar panchayat in Khargone district in the Indian state of Madhya Pradesh. Kasrawad Assembly constituency is one of the 230 Vidhan Sabha (Legislative Assembly) constituencies of Madhya Pradesh state in central India.
Rancho San Pascual
Rancho San Pascual, also known as Rancho el Rincón de San Pascual, was a  14,403-acre (58.29 km2) Mexican land grant in present-day Los Angeles County, California, given to Juan Marine in 1834 by Mexican Governor José Figueroa. The former Rancho San Pascual land includes present-day cities of Pasadena, South Pasadena, and portions of San Marino, and the unincorporated communities of Altadena and San Pasqual.

José Figueroa
José María Figueroa (1792 – 29 September 1835) was a Californio politician and military leader. He was a General and the Mexican Governor of Alta California from 1833 to 1835. His Manifesto (1835) was the first book published in California.
Tristachyideae
Tristachyideae is a tribe of the Panicoideae subfamily in the grasses (Poaceae), native to tropical and subtropical regions of Africa, Asia, and South America. There are around 70 species in eight genera. The tribe belongs to a group within the subfamily Panicoideae, sometimes referred to as "centothecoid clade", which consists of the tribes Thysanolaeneae, Cyperochloeae, Centotheceae, Chasmanthieae, Zeugiteae, Tristachyidae, and Steyermarkochloeae; this clade is sister to the remaining groups within Panicoideae.

Genera in the tribe were previously placed in tribes Arundinelleae or Paniceae, subfamily Arundinoideae, or the now-obsolete subfamily Centothecoideae. Species in this tribe use the C4 photosynthetic pathway.

Steyermarkochloeae
Steyermarkochloeae is a tribe of the Panicoideae subfamily in the grasses (Poaceae), native to tropical South America. There are only two species in two genera, Arundoclaytonia and Steyermarkochloa. The tribe probably belongs to a basal lineage within the subfamily. Species in this tribe use the C3 photosynthetic pathway.
Michael van der Spuy
Michael George van der Spuy (born 20 February 1991) is a South African former rugby union player who played Super Rugby with the Stormers and the Cheetahs, and Currie Cup rugby with Western Province, Griquas and the Free State Cheetahs. His regular position was centre. He retired in 2017 on medical advice.

Currie Cup
The Currie Cup (Afrikaans: Curriebeker) is South Africa's premier domestic rugby union competition featuring teams representing either entire provinces or substantial regions within provinces. The Currie Cup dates back to 1891.
Kalahari Craton
The Kalahari Craton is a craton, an old and stable part of the continental lithosphere, that occupies large portions of South Africa, Botswana, Namibia and Zimbabwe. It consists of two cratons separated by the Limpopo Belt: the larger Kaapvaal Craton to the south and the smaller Zimbabwe Craton to the north.  The Namaqua Belt is the southern margin of the Kaapvaal Craton.

Parts of the Kalahari Craton are now in East Antarctica (the Grunehogna Craton) and West Antarctica (Haag Nunataks) and the Falkland Islands.
The name was introduced by T.N. Clifford in 1970 harvnb error: no target: CITEREFT.N._Clifford_in1970 (help).

Zimbabwe Craton
The Zimbabwe craton is an area in Southern Africa of ancient continental crust, being a part of the ancient continent of Western Gondwana, with rocks dating back to the early Archean Eon, possibly as early as 3.46 billion years ago (Ga.). The craton is named after the country of Zimbabwe where the majority of the craton is. The rocks of the Zimbabwe Craton are separated from the rocks of the Kaapvaal craton to the southeast by the 250 kilometres (160 mi) wide Limpopo Belt of granulite facies tectonites.  The Limpopo belt formed contemporaneously with the Zimbabwe and Kaapvaal cratons, but remained geologically active until much later. It was only in the late Archean, ca. 2.8-2.5 Ga., that the two cratons were stabilized together and that high-grade metamorphism ceased in the Limpopo Belt. North of the Zimbabwe Craton is the Zambezi Belt.
Charles Pénaud
Charles Pénaud (24 December 1800 – 25 March 1864) was a French naval officer who rose to the rank of vice-admiral.
As a young officer he was a member of the voyage of exploration and circumnavigation of Hyacinthe de Bougainville in 1824–26.
In 1831 he participated in the Battle of the Tagus. 
He commanded a corvette during the French blockade of the Río de la Plata in 1838–40.
During the Crimean War he was second in command of the Baltic Squadron and engaged in the Battle of Bomarsund in 1854.
The next year, as commander of the Baltic Squadron, he bombarded Sveaborg.
After the return of peace he was a member of the Admiralty Council and then president of the Naval Council of Works.
In this role he was responsible for successful trials of the new steam-powered armoured warships.

French blockade of the Río de la Plata
The French blockade of the Río de la Plata was a two-year-long naval blockade imposed by France on the Argentine Confederation ruled by Juan Manuel de Rosas. It closed Buenos Aires to naval commerce. It was imposed in 1838 to support the Peru–Bolivian Confederation in the War of the Confederation, but continued after the end of the war. France did not land ground forces, but instead took advantage of the Uruguayan Civil War and the Argentine Civil Wars, supporting Fructuoso Rivera and Juan Antonio Lavalleja against Manuel Oribe and Rosas.

After two years without the expected results, France signed the Mackau-Arana treaty with the Argentine Confederation, ending the hostilities.
Paola Velardi
Paola Velardi (born in Rome, April 26, 1955) is a full professor of computer science at Sapienza University in Rome, Italy.  Her research encompasses Artificial Intelligence and specifically,  natural language processing, machine learning business intelligence and semantic web. Velardi is one of the hundred female scientists included in the database "100esperte.it" (translated from Italian with "100 female experts"). This online, open database champions the recognition of top-rated female scientists in Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics (STEM) areas. Among her prestigious appointments and honors, her inclusion stands out —alongside 45 other international female scientists from the past, present, and future— in the Women in Science pavilion of UNESCO’s Virtual Science Museum.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Million Dollar Ransom
Million Dollar Ransom is a 1934 American drama film directed by Murray Roth and written by William R. Lipman and Ben Ryan. The film stars Phillips Holmes, Edward Arnold, Mary Carlisle, Wini Shaw, Andy Devine and Robert Gleckler. The film was released on September 1, 1934, by Universal Pictures.

Andy Devine
Andrew Vabre Devine (October 7, 1905 – February 18, 1977) was an American character actor known for his distinctive raspy, crackly voice  and roles in Western films, including his role as Cookie, the sidekick of Roy Rogers in 10 feature films. He also appeared alongside John Wayne in films such as Stagecoach (1939), The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance, and How the West Was Won (both 1962). He is also remembered as Jingles on the TV series The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok from 1951 to 1958, as Danny McGuire in A Star Is Born (1937), and as the voice of Friar Tuck in the Disney Animation Studio film Robin Hood (1973).
Charlie Hillard
Charlie Hillard (March 22, 1938 – April 16, 1996) was an American aerobatics pilot, and the first American to win the world aerobatics title.

Hillard formed the Red Devils aerobatic team in 1971 with fellow pilots Gene Soucy and Tom Poberezny. In 1979 the three re-formed as the Eagles Aerobatic Team, which they would fly as for more than 25 years, setting the record for the longest-running aerobatic team with the same members in the world.

In 1996, he was killed at the Sun 'n Fun fly-in in Lakeland, Florida, when the Hawker Sea Fury he was flying overturned after landing in a crosswind.

Sun 'n Fun
Sun 'n Fun Aerospace Expo (officially styled SUN 'n FUN) is a nonprofit organization in Lakeland, Florida dedicated to the promotion of aviation education. It is best known for the annual week-long fly-in and airshow at Lakeland Linder International Airport in Lakeland, Florida, usually held during late March or early April.

Previously called the 'Sun 'n Fun International Fly-In and Expo, for 2020 the event was officially renamed the Sun 'n Fun Aerospace Expo in April 2019.

In addition to the fly-in, at one time Sun 'n Fun also operated the Florida Air Museum and supported the Central Florida Aerospace Academy—an aviation-focused career academy operated by the Polk County School Board as part of Kathleen High School. In October 2019 a reorganization made the fly-in part of the Aerospace Center for Excellence, a non-profit organization that was established in 2014 to provide young students with science, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM) instruction.
Anurag Agrawal (medical scientist)
Anurag Agrawal (born 1972) is an Indian pulmonologist, medical researcher, Dean of the Trivedi School of Biosciences at Ashoka University, and the former director of the Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, a CSIR institution. Known for his studies on lung diseases, Agrawal has been a senior fellow of the DBT-Wellcome Trust. The Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, the apex agency of the Government of India for scientific research, awarded him the Shanti Swarup Bhatnagar Prize for Science and Technology, one of the highest Indian science awards for his contributions to Medical Sciences in 2014. He is also a recipient of the National Bioscience Award for Career Development of the Department of Biotechnology which he received in 2015 and the 2020 Sun Pharma Science Foundation award in Medical Sciences (Clinical Research).

Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £37.6 billion in 2025, making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world. According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2023/2024 financial year. According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.