hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Banzhaf power index
The Banzhaf power index, named after John Banzhaf (originally invented by Lionel Penrose in 1946 and sometimes called Penrose–Banzhaf index; also known as the Banzhaf–Coleman index after James Samuel Coleman), is a power index defined by the probability of changing an outcome of a vote where voting rights are not necessarily equally divided among the voters or shareholders.

To calculate the power of a voter using the Banzhaf index, list all the winning coalitions, then count the critical voters. A critical voter is a voter who, if changing their vote from yes to no, would cause the measure to fail. A voter's power is measured as the fraction of all swing votes that they could cast. There are some algorithms for calculating the power index, e.g., dynamic programming techniques, enumeration methods and Monte Carlo methods.

James Samuel Coleman
James Samuel Coleman (May 12, 1926 – March 25, 1995) was an American sociologist, theorist, and empirical researcher, based chiefly at the University of Chicago.

He served as president of the American Sociological Association in 1991–1992. He studied the sociology of education and public policy, and was one of the earliest users of the term social capital.  He may be considered one of the original neoconservatives in sociology. His work Foundations of Social Theory (1990) influenced countless sociological theories, and his works The Adolescent Society (1961) and "Coleman Report" (Equality of Educational Opportunity, 1966) were two of the most cited books in educational sociology. The landmark Coleman Report helped transform educational theory and reshape national education policies, and it influenced public and scholarly opinion regarding the role of schooling in determining equality and productivity in the United States.
Bluefaced Leicester
The Bluefaced Leicester is a British breed of longwool sheep. It originated in north-east England in the late nineteenth or early twentieth century, and derives from the white-faced Border Leicester, with some influence from the blue-coloured Wensleydale and possibly also from the Teeswater.: 765  It was bred specifically for use as a terminal sire to be used on ewes of hill sheep breeds to produce mules. By about 1920 it was known either as the Bluefaced or as the Hexham Leicester, for the town of Hexham in Northumberland.

Hexham
Hexham (/ˈhɛksəm/ HEKS-əm) is a market town and civil parish in Northumberland, England, on the south bank of the River Tyne, formed by the confluence of the North Tyne and the South Tyne at Warden nearby, and close to Hadrian's Wall. Hexham was the administrative centre for the Tynedale district from 1974 to 2009. In 2011, it had a population of 13,097.

Smaller towns and villages around Hexham include Corbridge, Riding Mill, Stocksfield and Wylam to the east, Acomb and Bellingham to the north, Allendale to the south and Haydon Bridge, Bardon Mill and Haltwhistle to the west. Newcastle upon Tyne is 25 miles (40 km) to the east and Carlisle 37 miles (60 km) to the west.
Melopyrrha
Melopyrrha is a genus of passerine birds in the tanager family Thraupidae. It is made up of four extant species endemic to the Greater Antilles, along with 1 possibly extinct species from the island of Saint Kitts in the Lesser Antilles.

Tanager
The tanagers (singular /ˈtænədʒər/) comprise the bird family Thraupidae, in the order Passeriformes. The family has a Neotropical distribution and is the second-largest family of birds. It represents about 4% of all avian species and 12% of the Neotropical birds.

Traditionally, the family contained around 240 species of mostly brightly colored fruit-eating birds. As more of these birds were studied using modern molecular techniques, it became apparent that the traditional families were not monophyletic. Euphonia and Chlorophonia, which were once considered part of the tanager family, are now treated as members of the Fringillidae, in their own subfamily (Euphoniinae). Likewise, the genera Piranga (which includes the scarlet tanager, summer tanager, and western tanager), Chlorothraupis, and Habia appear to be members of the family Cardinalidae, and have been reassigned to that family by the American Ornithological Society.
James Skosana
James Jim "JJ" Skosana (25 April 1962 – 15 June 2021) was a South African politician. A member of the African National Congress, he served in the South African National Assembly from May 2009 to February 2018, when he became a member of the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature. In March 2021 Skosana was elected as the deputy speaker of the provincial legislature.

Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature
The Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature (MPL), previously known as the Eastern Transvaal Legislature, is the primary legislative body of the South African province of Mpumalanga.

The First Legislature was inaugurated in May 1994 as the Eastern Transvaal Legislature. It was renamed in 1995.

The Provincial Legislature, along with the other provincial legislatures of South Africa, exists by virtue of Chapter 6 of the Constitution of South Africa. It is unicameral, and consists of 30 members elected by a system of party-list proportional representation.

The 7th Provincial Legislature was elected on 29 May 2024 in South Africa's 2024 general elections. A majority of the members belong to the African National Congress.

At the commencement of the 7th provincial legislature on 14 June 2024, the number of seats allocated to the Mpumalanga Provincial Legislature increased from 30 to 51.
RK Koper
Rokometni klub Koper (English: Koper Handball Club), commonly referred to as RK Koper or simply Koper, was a handball club from Koper, Slovenia. Koper played their home matches at Bonifika Hall. The team was dissolved in 2013 due to high financial debt. The team was also known as Cimos Koper due to sponsorship reasons. In 2013, a new club, named RD Koper 2013, was established.

Koper
Koper (Slovene: [ˈkòːpəɾ] ⓘ; Italian: Capodistria) is the fifth-largest city in Slovenia. Located in the Istrian region in the southwestern part of the country, Koper is the main urban center of the Slovene coast. The Port of Koper is the country's only container port and a major contributor to the economy of the Municipality of Koper. The city is a destination for a number of Mediterranean cruising lines.

Koper is also one of the main road entry points into Slovenia from Italy, which lies to the north of the municipality. The main motorway crossing is at Spodnje Škofije to the north of the city of Koper. The motorway continues into Rabuiese and Trieste. Koper also has a rail connection with the capital city, Ljubljana. On the coast, there is a crossing at Lazaret into Lazzaretto in Muggia municipality in Trieste province. The Italian border crossing is known as San Bartolomeo.
Free school (England)
A free school in England is a type of academy established since 2010 under the Cameron–Clegg government's free school policy initiative. From May 2015, usage of the term was formally extended to include new academies set up via a local authority competition. Like other academies, free schools are non-profit-making, state-funded schools which are free to attend but which are mostly independent of the local authority.

Department for Education
The Department for Education (DfE) is a ministerial department of the Government of the United Kingdom. It is responsible for child protection, child services, education (compulsory, further, and higher education), apprenticeships, and wider skills in England.

A Department for Education previously existed between 1992, when the Department of Education and Science was renamed, and 1995, when it was merged with the Department for Employment to become the Department for Education and Employment.

The current holder of Secretary of State for Education is the Rt Hon Bridget Phillipson MP and Susan Acland-Hood is the permanent secretary.

The expenditure, administration, and policy of the Department of Education are scrutinised by the Education Select Committee.
Nancy Harman
Nancy Holly Harman (born 11 July 1999) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Sussex. She plays as a right-arm leg break bowler. She previously played for Leicestershire, Lightning, Southern Vipers, Trent Rockets and London Spirit.

Trent Rockets
Trent Rockets are a franchise 100-ball cricket side based in the city of Nottingham. The team represents Nottinghamshire, Derbyshire and Leicestershire in The Hundred competition, which took place for the first time in the 2021 English and Welsh cricket season. Both the men's and women's sides play at Trent Bridge.
Daniel Okrent
Daniel Okrent (born April 2, 1948) is an American writer and editor. He is best known for having served as the first public editor of The New York Times newspaper, inventing Rotisserie League Baseball, and for writing several books (such as Last Call: The Rise and Fall of Prohibition, which served as a major source for the 2011 Ken Burns/Lynn Novick miniseries Prohibition). In November 2011, Last Call won the Albert J. Beveridge prize, awarded by the American Historical Association to the year's best book of American history. His most recent book, published May 2019, is The Guarded Gate: Bigotry, Eugenics, and the Law That Kept Two Generations of Jews, Italians, and Other European Immigrants Out of America.

Ken Burns
Kenneth Lauren Burns (born July 29, 1953) is an American filmmaker known for his documentary films and television series, many of which chronicle United States history and culture. His work is often produced in association with WETA-TV or the National Endowment for the Humanities and distributed by PBS. Burns lives in the small town of Walpole, New Hampshire.

Burns's widely known documentary series include The Civil War (1990), Baseball (1994), Jazz (2001), The War (2007), The National Parks: America's Best Idea (2009), Prohibition (2011), The Roosevelts (2014), The Vietnam War (2017), Country Music (2019), and The American Revolution (2025). He was also executive producer of both The West (1996), and Cancer: The Emperor of All Maladies (2015). Burns's documentaries have earned two Academy Award nominations (for 1981's Brooklyn Bridge and 1985's The Statue of Liberty) and have won several Emmy Awards, among other honors.
Rony Nelson
Rony Nelson (born January 24, 1989) is a professional American football defensive linemen for the West Michigan Ironmen of the Indoor Football League (IFL). He has also been a member of the Iowa Barnstormers, Bemidji Axemen and the Cleveland Gladiators. He attended the Iowa State University and played for the school's football team. According to the AFL, Nelson stands at 6 feet 1 inch (1.85 m) and weighs 266 pounds (121 kg).

Bemidji Axemen
The Bemidji Axemen were a professional indoor football team based in Bemidji, Minnesota. The Axemen joined the Indoor Football League (IFL) as an expansion team in 2013 and first took the field for the 2014 season. They participated in the United Conference of the IFL. The Axemen played their home games at the Sanford Center in Bemidji.

The Axemen are the first-ever indoor/arena football team to call Bemidji home, as well as Minnesota's first indoor/arena football team since the Duluth-Superior Lumberjacks and the Mankato-based Minnesota Purple Rage both played in the original Indoor Football League for the 2000 season, the league's last before folding.

The team would change their name to the Minnesota Axemen prior to the 2016 season.  However, the league terminated the franchise's membership as they failed to meet the league's operational standards and  commitments.  Thus, the franchise folded on November 24, 2015
Henri Médus
Henri Médus (21 October 1904 – 11 November 1985) was a French operatic bass.

A member of the troupe of the Opéra Garnier from 1933, he distinguished himself particularly in the roles of : The Magic Flute (Sarastro), Samson et Dalila (the old Hebrew man), Aida (Ramfis), Rigoletto (Sparafucile), La Juive (Cardinal de Brogni), Les Huguenots (Marcel), Die Entführung aus dem Serail (Osmin), Boris Godunov (Pimen, Varlaam), Die Walküre (Hunding), and Der Rosenkavalier (Baron Ochs).

Les Huguenots
Les Huguenots (French pronunciation: [le ˈyg(ə)no]) is an opera by Giacomo Meyerbeer and is one of the most popular and spectacular examples of grand opera. In five acts, to a libretto by Eugène Scribe and Émile Deschamps, it premiered in Paris on 29 February 1836.
Upper Curtis Glacier
Upper Curtis Glacier is in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington, on the west slopes of Mount Shuksan. Upper Curtis Glacier is not connected to Lower Curtis Glacier downslope to the southwest, but is to Hanging Glacier to the north and to Sulphide Glacier to the east.

Sulphide Glacier
Sulphide Glacier is in North Cascades National Park in the U.S. state of Washington, on the south slopes of Mount Shuksan. Descending 1.85 mi (2.98 km) from the summit tower  of Mount Shuksan, it is connected to Crystal Glacier to the east. Sulphide Glacier descends from 8,600 to 5,600 ft (2,600 to 1,700 m). Sulphide Glacier is along the route taken when Mount Shuksan was first climbed in 1906. Both Sulphide and Crystal Glaciers have a series of 300-to-1,000-foot-high (91 to 305 m) cascades which are collectively referred to as Sulphide Basin Falls. Below these cascades lies Sulphide Lake, which empties over Sulphide Creek Falls, one of the highest waterfalls in North America with a nearly 2,200 ft (670 m) drop.
Bartolomeo Caporali
Bartolomeo (di Segnolo) Caporali (Perugia, c. 1420 – Perugia, c. 1503–1505) was an Italian painter and miniaturist in Perugia, Umbria during the early Renaissance period. His style was influenced by Umbrian artists Gozzoli and Boccati, two of his first mentors, and continued to evolve as younger Umbrian artists came onto the scene, such as Fiorenzo di Lorenzo, Perugino and Pinturicchio. Although primarily a painter, he is also known for executing missals, restoration work, gilding, armorials, banners and celebratory decorations, which speaks to his decorative, detail-oriented artistic style. His most famous works include Madonna and Saints (1487) for the church of Santa Maria Maddalena at Castiglione del Lago, The Virgin and Child Between Two Praying Angels, and his Adoration of the Shepherds.

Castiglione del Lago
Castiglione del Lago is a town in the province of Perugia of Umbria (central Italy), on the southwest corner of Lake Trasimeno.  Orvieto is 59 km (37 mi) south, Chiusi is 21 km (13 mi) to the south west, Arezzo is 56 km (35 mi) to the north west, Cortona is 21 km (13 mi) to the north, and Perugia is 47 km (29 mi) to the south east.
People's Democracy Party (South Korea)
The People's Democracy Party (Korean: 민중민주당) is a political party in South Korea that advocates the establishment of a people's democracy, in which the proletariat owns the productive forces. The party has taken various anti-imperialist and anti-militarist positions, including the end of conscription in South Korea, the withdrawal of U.S. troops from South Korea, and the negotiation of a peace agreement with North Korea.

Conscription in South Korea
Conscription in South Korea has existed since 1957 and requires male citizens between the ages of 18 and 35 to perform compulsory military service. Women are not required to perform military service, but they may voluntarily join the military.
Evgeni Kabaev
Evgeni Gennadyevich Kabaev (Russian: Евгений Геннадьевич Кабаев; born 28 February 1988) is a Russian former professional footballer who played as a forward.

Kabaev has been the top scorer of Estonian Meistriliiga twice, in 2014 and 2016 season.

Meistriliiga
Meistriliiga (pronounced [ˈmeistriliːɡ̊ɑː]), officially known as A. Le Coq Premium Liiga for sponsorship reasons, and commonly known as the Premium Liiga, is the highest division of the Estonian Football Association annual football championship. The league was founded in 1992, and was initially semi-professional with amateur clubs allowed to compete. With the help of solidarity mechanisms, the league is fully professional since the 2020 season.

As in most countries with low temperatures in winter, the season starts in March and ends in November. Meistriliiga consists of ten clubs, all teams play each other four times.

After each season, the bottom team is relegated to the Esiliiga, the Estonian second division league. The second last team plays a two-legged play-off with the second team in the Esiliiga for a place in the Meistriliiga.
Gary Scherer
Gary Scherer is a Republican member of the Ohio House of Representatives for the 92nd district, which includes Fayette County, as well as portions of Pickaway and Ross counties. He was appointed in April 2012 to replace Bob Peterson, who was appointed to the Ohio Senate.

Scherer has a degree in accounting from Ohio State University, and worked as an accountant and businessman before becoming a Representative. He is married with three children.

Scherer was term-limited following his fourth term, which concludes in 2020. He served as the Vice Chair of the Ways and Means Committee and was a member of the Finance Committee during his terms. He ran for Commissioner of Pickaway County, Ohio in 2020, defeated his primary opponent, and will advance to the general election unopposed.

Bob Peterson (Ohio politician)
Bob Peterson (born March 15, 1962) is an American politician who served as a Republican member of the Ohio Senate from the 17th District, where served as President Pro Tempore. From 2011 to 2012, he served as a member of the Ohio House of Representatives, representing the 85th district. Before being elected to the Ohio House of Representatives, he was Fayette County Commissioner for 14 years. He was first elected as a state representative in November 2010.

Peterson was elected to a full-term to the Ohio Senate on November 6, 2012 and was sworn-in January, 2013.
James Colton
James Colton (12 May 1860 – 5 August 1936) was a Scottish anarchist, trade unionist, and coal miner who spent most of his life in Wales. He worked as a baker before becoming a miner in Glanamman in the Amman Valley. He is known for marrying the anarchist activist and writer Emma Goldman on 27 June 1925 in a marriage of convenience that enabled her to obtain British citizenship.

River Amman
The River Amman (Welsh: Afon Aman) is a river of south Wales, which joins the River Loughor at Pantyffynnon.  The source of the Amman is on the Black Mountain.

The river name is said to derived from the Welsh word banw "pig, piglet", reflecting the way in which it roots through the land like a pig. It gives its name to the town of Ammanford and the villages of Pontamman, Glanamman, Brynamman and Rhosamman. Garnant and Betws also lie in the Amman Valley - Garnant and Glanamman were formerly known as Cwmamman and it is now the name of their combined urban council. Garnant railway station was originally known as Amman Valley, the English version of Cwmamman. In the 19th and early 20th centuries the valley was a booming coal-mining area, but the mines have now closed.
Return to Nim's Island
Return to Nim's Island is a 2013 Australian adventure-fantasy film directed by Brendan Maher and starring Bindi Irwin, Matthew Lillard, Toby Wallace and John Waters. It premiered on the Walden Family Theater film series on the Hallmark Channel.

The story is based on the book Nim at Sea by Wendy Orr. It is the sequel to the 2008 film Nim's Island.

John Waters (actor)
John Waters (born 8 December 1948) is an English-born Australian film, theatre and television actor, presenter, singer, songwriter, musician and playwright. He is the son of British actor Russell Waters. John Waters was part of the Australian children's television series Play School for 18 years.
Duke Ferrante's End
Duke Ferrante's End (German: Herzog Ferrantes Ende) is a 1922 German silent historical film directed by Paul Wegener and Rochus Gliese and starring Paul Wegener, Hans Sturm and Hugo Döblin. It was shot at the EFA Studios in Berlin. The art direction was by Walter Reimann. It premiered at the Marmorhaus in Berlin.

Hans Sturm (actor)
Hans Sturm (1874–1933) was a German actor, screenwriter and playwright. He worked with the director Richard Eichberg on a number of films either in acting of scripting roles. His stage play The Unfaithful Eckehart was turned into films in 1931 and 1940.
Stefano Anzi
Stefano Anzi (born 21 May 1949) is a retired Italian alpine skier who specialized in the downhill event. He competed at the 1972 Winter Olympics and finished in 11th place. Anzi had three podium positions at individual world cup stages: first and third in 1971 and second in 1974.

1972 Winter Olympics
The 1972 Winter Olympics, officially the XI Olympic Winter Games and commonly known as Sapporo 1972, were a winter multi-sport event held from February 3 to 13, 1972, in Sapporo, Hokkaido Prefecture, Japan. It was the first Winter Olympic Games to take place outside Europe and North America.
Arleta Library Bakery & Cafe
Arleta Library Bakery & Cafe was a restaurant in the Mt. Scott-Arleta neighborhood of southeast Portland, Oregon, United States. Sarah and Nick Iannarone established Arleta in 2005, and it closed in 2020 because of financial difficulties caused by the COVID-19 pandemic. Arleta garnered a positive reception, especially as a brunch destination, and Guy Fieri visited the restaurant for an episode of the Food Network series Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives.

Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives
Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives (often nicknamed Triple D and stylized as Diners, Drive-Ins, Dives) is an American food reality television series that has aired on the Food Network since April 23, 2007. It is hosted by Guy Fieri, and in recent episodes Hunter Fieri has joined his dad in exploring cuisines and restaurants. The show originally began as a one-off special that aired on November 6, 2006. The show features a "road trip" concept, similar to Road Tasted, Giada's Weekend Getaways, and $40 a Day. Fieri travels around the United States, Canada, and Mexico, looking at various diners, drive-in restaurants, and dive bars. He has also featured restaurants in European cities, including London and Florence, as well as in Cuba and Puerto Rico (see the episodes page).
Diego (tortoise)
Diego is a Hood Island giant tortoise. Thought to have been hatched on Española Island, Galápagos, he was captured as a young adult and shipped to the United States where he was exhibited at zoos. By the late 1940s, he was at the San Diego Zoo, though his species was not known. A captive breeding effort for the critically endangered Hood Island tortoises was set up in 1976, by which time only 15 individuals were known to survive.  Diego was identified as a Hood Island tortoise by DNA testing and was sent to Santa Cruz Island to join the program.  Diego fathered more than 900 offspring who were released on Española which helped to increase the wild population to more than 2,000. The breeding program ended in January 2020 and Diego is officially retired, and was released into the wild in June 2020.

Santa Cruz Island (Galápagos)
Santa Cruz Island (Spanish: Isla Santa Cruz), also known as Indefatigable Island and by other names, is the most populous and second-largest island in the Galápagos Islands, Ecuador. Situated in the middle of the group, Santa Cruz is a shield volcano with an area of 986 km2 (381 sq mi) and a maximum altitude of 864 m (2,835 ft). The seat of Santa Cruz Canton is Puerto Ayora on Santa Cruz. The island's total population is around 18,000 with those living in smaller villages chiefly working in agriculture and cattle raising.
London Bulgarian Choir
The London Bulgarian Choir (LBC) is a London-based amateur choir specialising in Bulgarian folk music. Dessislava Stefanova has led the choir since its formation in 2000. Primarily a performing choir, the LBC perform around twenty concerts a year and have been involved in high-profile collaborations with British Sea Power, Doves, Orlando Gough, and Nigel Kennedy.

Nigel Kennedy
Nigel Kennedy (born 28 December 1956) is an English  musician and composer. He plays the violin, viola and piano.  His early career was primarily spent performing classical music, and has since expanded into jazz, klezmer, and other genres.