hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1996 KAL Cup Korea Open
The 1996 KAL Cup Korea Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts at the Seoul Olympic Park Tennis Center in Seoul in South Korea and was part of the World Series of the 1996 ATP Tour. It was the tenth and last edition of the tournament and was held from 22 April through 28 April 1996. First-seeded Byron Black won the singles title.

1996 ATP Tour
The Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) Tour is the elite tour for professional tennis organized by the ATP. The ATP Tour includes the Grand Slam tournaments (organized by the International Tennis Federation (ITF)), the ATP Super 9, the ATP Championship Series, the ATP World Series, the ATP World Team Cup, the Davis Cup (organized by the ITF), the ATP Tour World Championships and the Grand Slam Cup (organized by the ITF).
2023 World Athletics Championships – Women's 4 × 400 metres relay
The women's 4 × 400 metres relay at the 2023 World Athletics Championships was held over two rounds at the National Athletics Centre in Budapest, Hungary, on 26 and 27 August 2023.

Seventeen national relay teams participated in round 1, where nine teams qualified for the final, the teams of Italy and Hungary set national records and the teams of Nigeria and the United States were disqualified. The final was won by the team of the Netherlands in a national record of 3:20.72 minutes, followed by the team of Jamaica in second place in 3:20.88 min and the team of Great Britain and Northern Ireland in third place in 3:21.04 min.

4 × 400 metres relay
The 4 × 400 metres relay or long relay is an athletics track event in which teams consist of four runners who each complete 400 metres or one lap, totaling 1600 meters. It is traditionally the final event of a track meet. The first leg and the first bend of the second leg are run in lanes. Start lines are thus staggered over a greater distance than in an individual 400 metres race; the runners then typically move to the inside of the track. The slightly longer 4 × 440 yards relay, on an Imperial distance, was a formerly run British Commonwealth and American event, until metrication was completed in the 1970s.
Lunge mine
The Shitotsubakurai (Japanese: 刺突爆雷) or lunge mine was a suicidal anti-tank weapon developed and used by the Empire of Japan during the Second World War. It used a HEAT type charge. This weapon was used by the CQC units of the Imperial Japanese Army. The weapon itself was a conical hollow charge anti-tank mine, placed inside a metallic container and attached to the end of a wooden stick. The weapon was officially adopted by the Japanese Army in 1944; with the first noted combat use in Leyte in December 1944.  During 1945 it caused additional victims in the Pacific Theater, where it commonly saw action against American armour. Later that year, some Japanese Imperial Army manuals of the weapon were discovered by US troops.

Anti-tank mine
An anti-tank or AT mine is a type of land mine designed to damage or destroy vehicles including tanks and armored fighting vehicles.

Compared to anti-personnel mines, anti-tank mines typically have a much larger explosive charge, and a fuze designed to be triggered by vehicles or, in some cases, remotely or by tampering with the mine.
John Kiss (artist)
John Kiss (born Jonathan Kis-Lev; September 12, 1985) is a Los Angeles-based author, artist, and peace activist best known for literary activism and public art. She has produced artworks in Tel Aviv, Bethlehem and the United States.

Kiss draws on her family's Holocaust survival as a foundation for her storytelling and developed methods that combine personal history with broader narratives of justice. Her 2024 novel Under the Floorboards explores the stories of Righteous Among the Nations during the Holocaust. Her 2014 mural "27 Club," honoring artists who died at age 27, was recognized by Time Out as one of Tel Aviv's most beautiful. Kiss won the 2008 Bamahane Prize and The Shimon Peres Award for Visionary Leadership (2013).

Federal Agency for Civic Education
The Federal Agency for Civic Education (FACE, German: Bundeszentrale für politische Bildung (bpb)) is a German federal government agency responsible for promoting civic education. It is subordinated to the Federal Ministry of the Interior. Thomas Krüger has served as president of the agency since 2000. The modern agency was established in West Germany in 1952 by the Adenauer government to counteract communism during the Cold War, but it has its roots in earlier government agencies dating back to the First World War.
Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov phase
The Fulde–Ferrell–Larkin–Ovchinnikov (FFLO) phase (also occasionally called the Larkin–Ovchinnikov–Fulde–Ferrell phase, or LOFF) can arise in a superconductor under large magnetic fields. Among its characteristics are Cooper pairs with nonzero total momentum and a spatially non-uniform order parameter, leading to normally conducting areas in the system.

Cooper pair
In condensed matter physics, a Cooper pair or BCS pair (Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer pair) is a pair of electrons (or other fermions) bound together at low temperatures in a certain manner first described in 1956 by American physicist Leon Cooper.  The Cooper pairing of electrons in certain materials at low temperatures is responsible for the phenomenon of superconductivity.
Lal wa Sarjangal District
Lal wa Sarjangal (Dari: لعل و سرجنگل) is a district in the northeast of Ghor province in central Afghanistan. The district center is the town of Lal wa Sarjangal. It was reported in 2012 that around 108,900 people resided in the district, majority of which are ethnic Hazaras.

Ghor Province
Ghōr (Pashto, Dari: غور) also known as Ghowr or Ghur, is one of the 34 provinces of Afghanistan. It is located in the western Hindu Kush in central Afghanistan, towards the northwest. The province contains eleven districts, encompassing hundreds of villages, and approximately 764,472 settled people. Firuzkoh (known as “Chaghcharan” until 2014) is the capital of the province.
Penarol Atlético Clube
Penarol Atlético Clube, commonly known as Penarol, is a Brazilian football club based in Itacoatiara, Amazonas.

Penarol is currently ranked third among Amazonas teams in CBF's national club ranking at 130th place overall. They are the best placed team in the state from outside of Greater Manaus.

Itacoatiara, Amazonas
Itacoatiara is a municipality in the central eastern portion of state of Amazonas, inland northern Brazil.

Its population was 102,701 (2020) and its area is 8,600 km2.

The town is known as "City of painted stone" - which is its name translated from Tupi. Itacoatiara has an important port, which is responsible for a considerable amount of cargo transportation in Amazonas.

Its Catedral Prelatícia Nossa Senhora do Rosário, dedicated to Our Lady of the Rosary, is the episcopal see of the pre-diocesan Roman Catholic Territorial Prelature of Itacoatiara.
Codiaeum
Codiaeum is a genus of plants under the family Euphorbiaceae first described as a genus in 1824. It is native to insular Southeast Asia, northern Australia and Papuasia.

They are shrubs with leathery leaves and often confused with the genus Croton. Some species, especially Codiaeum variegatum, are cultivated as houseplants.

Species

Formerly included

moved to other genera: Austrobuxus Baloghia Blachia Fontainea Sphyranthera Trigonostemon

Codiaeum variegatum
Codiaeum variegatum, commonly known as croton or variegated croton amongst many other names, is a species of plant in the Euphorbiaceae family. Initially described by Carl Linnaeus in 1753, its native range is from Java east to Fiji, and from the Philippines south to Queensland, Australia. It is widely cultivated and has been introduced to many other countries.
Nigerian Hunter & Forest Security Service
The Nigerian Forest Security Service (NFSS) has emerged as a significant player in Nigeria's fight against insecurity. Established to safeguard the country’s forests, wildlife, and natural resources, NHFSS has gradually evolved into a broader security force, addressing some of the nation’s most pressing challenges, such as insurgency, banditry, kidnapping, and illegal logging. The Nigerian Hunters and Forest Security Service (NHFSS) was officially renamed to the Nigerian Forest Security Service (NFSS) in late 2024. This change was announced by the Commander General, Dr. Wole Joshua Osatimehin, during a visit to the Minister of Environment. It aligns with a pending bill in the National Assembly, which seeks to integrate all traditional hunter groups into the NFSS to improve forest security and fight crimes like kidnapping and illegal logging. The bill is still awaiting presidential assent as of April 2025.

Islamic State – West Africa Province
The Islamic State – West Africa Province (ISWAP), officially Wilāyat Garb Ifrīqīyā (Arabic: ولاية غرب إفريقية), meaning 'Province of West Africa', is a militant group and administrative division of the Islamic State (IS), a Salafi jihadist militant group and unrecognised quasi-state. ISWAP is primarily active in the Chad Basin, and fights an extensive insurgency against the states of Nigeria, Cameroon, Chad, and Niger. It is an offshoot of Boko Haram with which it has a violent rivalry. Until March 2022, ISWAP acted as an umbrella organization for all IS factions in West Africa including the Islamic State in the Greater Sahara (IS-GS), although the actual ties between ISWAP and IS-GS were limited.
UK Society for Co-operative Studies
The UK Society for Co-operative Studies is a learned society and registered charity in the United Kingdom for the research of co-operatives and the co-operative movement. The society hosts conferences, lectures, and publishes the Journal of Co-operative Studies.

The society was founded in April 1967 at Stanford Hall in Nottinghamshire, England, then home to the Co-operative College. In 1995 the society became a registered charity, and in 2017 incorporated as a charitable incorporated organisation.

History of the cooperative movement
The history of the cooperative movement concerns the origins and history of cooperatives across the world. Although cooperative arrangements, such as mutual insurance, and principles of cooperation existed long before, the cooperative movement began with the application of cooperative principles to business organization.
Sandersdorf-Brehna
Sandersdorf-Brehna (German pronunciation: [ˈzandɐsdɔʁf ˈbʁeːna] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. It is situated southwest of Bitterfeld. The town was formed by the merger of the previously independent town Brehna and the municipalities Glebitzsch, Petersroda, Roitzsch and Sandersdorf, on 1 July 2009.

Bitterfeld
Bitterfeld (German pronunciation: [ˈbɪtɐfɛlt] ⓘ) is a town in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Since 1 July 2007 it has been part of the town of Bitterfeld-Wolfen. It is situated approximately 25 km south of Dessau, and 30 km northeast of Halle (Saale).
2008 Japan national football team
This page records the details of the matches played by the Japan national football team during 2008. In 2008 the Japan national football team competed in the third and fourth round of the AFC 2010 FIFA World Cup qualifications, the 2008 East Asian Cup Final, and the 2008 Kirin Cup, amongst other friendly matches.

2010 FIFA World Cup qualification – AFC third round
The AFC third round of 2010 FIFA World Cup qualification was decided by a random draw which was conducted in Durban, South Africa on 25 November 2007. The round began on 6 February 2008 and finished on 22 June 2008.

The top two countries in each group at the end of the stage progressed to the fourth round, where the ten remaining teams will be divided into two groups of five.
Old Rogaum and His Theresa
"Old Rogaum and His Theresa" is a short story written by Theodore Dreiser. It was originally published in Reedy's Mirror on December 12, 1901 under the title of "Butcher Rogaum's Door." It subsequently appeared in the 1918 volume Free and Other Stories. With this short story, Dreiser begins to move from allegory to realism dealing with issues including sexual behavior, city life, immigrant struggles, and the conflicts between children and their parents.

Literary realism
Literary realism is a movement and genre of literature that attempts to represent mundane and ordinary subject-matter in a faithful and straightforward way, avoiding grandiose or exotic subject-matter, exaggerated portrayals, and speculative elements such as supernatural events and alternative worlds. It encompasses both fiction (realistic fiction) and nonfiction writing. Literary realism is a subset of the broader realist art movement that began with mid-nineteenth-century French literature (Stendhal) and Russian literature (Alexander Pushkin). It  attempts to represent familiar things, including everyday activities and experiences, as they truly are.
2021 Europe Top 16 Cup
The 2021 Europe Top 16 Cup (also referred to as the 2021 Pomegranate Europe Top 16 Cup for sponsorship reasons) was a table tennis competition, held on 18 and 19 September 2021 in Thessaloniki, Greece, organised under the authority of the European Table Tennis Union (ETTU). It was the 50th edition of the event, and the first time that it had been held in Greece.

Europe Top-16
The Europe Top 16, also known as the Europe Top 16 Cup and previously known as the Europe Top 12, is a table tennis tournament organised annually by the European Table Tennis Union (ETTU), featuring the highest-ranked players in Europe.
Generalized lentiginosis
Generalized lentiginosis is a cutaneous condition that will occasionally present without other associated abnormalities.: 686  It may be caused by carney complex, Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines or Peutz–Jeghers syndrome.

Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines
Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines (NSML) which is part of a group called Ras/MAPK pathway syndromes, is a rare autosomal dominant, multisystem disease caused by a mutation in the protein tyrosine phosphatase, non-receptor type 11 gene (PTPN11). The disease is a complex of features, mostly involving the skin, skeletal and cardiovascular systems, which may or may not be present in all patients. The nature of how the mutation causes each of the condition's symptoms is not well known; however, research is ongoing. It is a RASopathy.

Noonan syndrome with multiple lentigines is caused by a different missense mutation of the same gene. Noonan syndrome is fairly common (1:1,000 to 1:2,500 live births), and neurofibromatosis 1 (which was once thought to be related to NSML) is also common (1:3500); however, no epidemiological data exists for NSML.
Ghana Taekwondo Federation
The Ghana Taekwondo Federation is the largest taekwondo association in Ghana. It is a member of the Ghana Olympic Committee. It was originally called the Ghana Taekwondo Association.

The GTF organised the 2017 World Taekwondo Open Championship.

Ghana Olympic Committee
The Ghana Olympic Committee (GOC), formally known as Gold Coast Olympics Committee, is the country's National Olympic Committee established in 1950 and recognized the following year by International Olympic Committee. The Ghana Olympic Committee is committed to developing, organizing, and protecting Olympism or the Olympic Movement throughout the country. Ever since participating in the Summer Olympic Games in 1952 and the Commonwealth Games in 1954, during the Gold Coast period, the organization has been responsive to promoting the ideals of both Games, with respect to the ordinances set fourth by the Olympic Charter as well as the constitution of the CGF.
DWLS
DWLS (97.1 FM), broadcasting as Barangay LS 97.1, is a radio station owned and operated by GMA Network. It serves as the flagship station of Barangay FM. The station's studio is located at the 3rd floor of GMA Network Studio Annex, GMA Network Drive corner Samar Street, Diliman, Quezon City, Metro Manila and its transmitters are located at GMA Tower of Power, Charles Conrad Street, Barangay Culiat, Tandang Sora, Quezon City, Metro Manila and at 23 Sumulong Highway, Barangay Santa Cruz, Antipolo City, Rizal Province.

Barangay LS is currently held its position as the top FM radio station in Metro Manila, according to the Nielsen Radio Audience Measurement survey conducted in the month of July 2025.

Middle of the road (music)
Middle of the road (also known by its acronym MOR) is a commercial radio format. Music associated with this term is strongly melodic and uses techniques of vocal harmony and light orchestral arrangements. The format was similar to soft adult contemporary. In the mid-late 2000s the term "middle of the road" became used by journalists as a way to describe musicians and bands such as Train and Westlife who calibrated their musical appeal to commercial, popular music taste and avoided more innovative material.
2022 Rhode Island House of Representatives election
The 2022 Rhode Island House of Representatives elections took place on November 8, 2022. Primary elections were held on September 13, 2022. Rhode Island voters elected state representatives in all 75 seats of the House of Representatives to serve two-year terms.

The election coincided with United States national elections and Rhode Island state elections, including U.S. House, Governor, and Rhode Island Senate. 
Since the previous election in 2020, Democrats held a 65-to-10-seat supermajority over Republicans. Democrats maintained the supermajority in 2022, winning 65 seats. Republicans decreased to nine seats while Jon D. Brien was the sole Independent elected.

These were the first elections in Rhode Island following the 2020 United States redistricting cycle, which resulted in redrawn legislative district boundaries.

2020 Rhode Island House of Representatives election
The 2020 Rhode Island House of Representatives elections took place as part of the biennial United States elections. Rhode Island voters elected all 75 state representatives. State representatives serve two-year terms in the Rhode Island House of Representatives. A primary election held on September 8, 2020, determined which candidates would appear on the November 3 general election ballot. All the members elected were to serve in the Rhode Island General Assembly.
Free Church Training College
The Free Church Training College was an educational institution in Glasgow, Scotland. It was established by the Free Church of Scotland in 1845 as a college for teacher training.

In 1836, David Stow had established a normal school in Glasgow but, following the Disruption of 1843, a legal ruling of 1845 compelled adherents of the Free Church to resign from, what had become, state-funded teaching posts. Stow established a new college in Glasgow as the Free Church Normal Seminary. In 1900, it became the United Free Church Training College when the Free Church merged with the United Presbyterian Church of Scotland. The college came under secular control in 1907, and merged with the Glasgow Church of Scotland Training College to form the Glasgow Provincial Training College, later renamed the Jordanhill College of Education. This in turn became part of the University of Strathclyde in 1993.

Disruption of 1843
The Disruption of 1843, also known as the Great Disruption, was a schism in 1843 in which 450 evangelical ministers broke away from the Church of Scotland to form the Free Church of Scotland.
The main conflict was over whether the Church of Scotland or the British Government had the power to control clerical positions and benefits.  The Disruption came at the end of a bitter conflict within the Church of Scotland, and had major effects in the church and upon Scottish civic life.
Massive gravity
In theoretical physics, massive gravity is a theory of gravity that modifies general relativity by endowing the graviton with a nonzero mass. In the classical theory, this means that gravitational waves obey a massive wave equation and hence travel at speeds below the speed of light.

Frame fields in general relativity
In general relativity, a frame field (also called a tetrad or vierbein) is a set of four pointwise-orthonormal vector fields, one timelike and three spacelike, defined on a Lorentzian manifold that is physically interpreted as a model of spacetime. The timelike unit vector field is often denoted by  and the three spacelike unit vector fields by . All tensorial quantities defined on the manifold can be expressed using the frame field and its dual coframe field.

Frame fields were introduced into general relativity by Albert Einstein in 1928 and by Hermann Weyl in 1929.

The index notation for tetrads is explained in tetrad (index notation).
RedTube
RedTube is a pornographic video-sharing site, which in September 2009 held an Alexa ranking within the world's top 100 sites. It is one of several pornographic websites owned by Aylo. In June 2010 it had fallen out of the top 100, but it made a return in mid-2012. As of mid September 2020 its Alexa ranking was 520. Its popularity has been ascribed to its non-sexual name, which is a reference to the non-pornographic video sharing website YouTube. The website is based in Houston, Texas, and has servers in San Francisco, New Orleans and Montreal.

Online video platform
An online video platform (OVP) enables users to upload, convert, store, and play back video content on the Internet, often via a private server structured, large-scale system that may generate revenue. Users will generally upload video content via the hosting service's website, mobile or desktop application, or other interfaces (API), and typically provide embedded codes or links that allow others to view the video content.
Asaveri
Asaveri (asāvēri) is a rāgam in Carnatic music (musical scale of South Indian classical music). It is a janya rāgam (derived scale) from the 8th melakarta scale Hanumatodi. It is a janya scale, as it does not have all the seven swaras (musical notes) in the ascending scale, and has a vakra (zigzag) descending scale.

It is a bhaashaanga ragam, as its avarohanam contains chatushruti rishabham, a swaram foreign to the parent scale of Todi. Asaveri is an ancient rāgam, which is mentioned in the Sangita Ratnakara. Asaveri resembles Komal Asavari and Asa Todi of Hindustani classical music. The Asavari of Hindustani music resembles Natabhairavi of Carnatic music.

Janya
Janya is a term meaning "derive". In Carnatic (South Indian) music a janya raga is one derived from one of the 72 melakarta ragas (fundamental melodic structures). Janya ragas are classified into various types based on a variety of features.
2008 1000 km of Spa
The 2008 1000 km of Spa was the third round of the 2008 Le Mans Series season.  It took place at the Circuit de Spa-Francorchamps, Belgium, on 11 May 2008.

This race marked the first international victory for Canadian Jacques Villeneuve since the Formula One Luxembourg Grand Prix in 1997.

2008 Le Mans Series
The 2008 Le Mans Series was the fifth season of ACO's Le Mans Series. It was a series for Le Mans Prototype and Grand Touring style cars broken into 4 classes: LMP1, LMP2, GT1, and GT2. It ran from 6 April to 14 September 2008 with five rounds taking place.
Diana Shelstad
Diana Frost Shelstad (born August 19, 1947 in Sydney) is a mathematician known for her work in automorphic forms.  She is a professor at Rutgers University–Newark. She earned her doctorate at Yale University in 1974 studying real reductive algebraic groups.

Endoscopic group
In mathematics, endoscopic groups of reductive algebraic groups were introduced by Robert Langlands (1979, 1983) in his work on the stable trace formula.

Roughly speaking, an endoscopic group H of G is a quasi-split group whose L-group is the connected component of the centralizer of a semisimple element of the L-group of G.

In the stable trace formula,  unstable orbital integrals on a  group G correspond to  stable orbital integrals on its endoscopic groups H. The relation between them is given by the fundamental lemma.