hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toogee language
Southwestern Tasmanian, or Toogee, is a possible Aboriginal language of Tasmania. It is the most poorly attested known variety of Tasmanian, and it is not clear how distinct it was. It was apparently spoken along the west coast of the island, south of Macquarie Harbour.

Southwestern Tasmanian is attested from a single word list, collected in Port Davey by George Augustus Robinson from the Ninenee Tribe of the Bathurst Harbour area. There are 131 words, but some of these may be from Southeastern Tasmanian languages. The data are consistent with a Western Tasmanian language, but were not clean enough to allow classification by Bowern (2012); Dixon & Crowley (1981) had likewise left it alone.

Macquarie Harbour
Macquarie Harbour is a shallow fjord in the West Coast region of Tasmania, Australia. It is approximately 315 square kilometres (122 mi2), and has an average depth of 15 metres (49 ft), with deeper places up to 50 metres (160 ft). It is navigable by shallow-draft vessels. The main channel is kept clear by the presence of a rock wall on the outside of the channel's curve. This man-made wall prevents erosion and keeps the channel deep and narrow, rather than allowing the channel to become wide and shallow. A reported Aboriginal name for the harbour is Parralaongatek.

The harbour was named in honour of Scottish Major General Lachlan Macquarie, the fifth Colonial Governor of New South Wales.
Surkhet District
Surkhet District (Nepali: सुर्खेत जिल्ला, Listenⓘ) is a district in Karnali Province of mid-western and one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. Surkhet is one of the ten districts of Karnali located about 600 kilometres (373 mi) west of the national capital Kathmandu. The district's area is 2,489 square kilometres (961 sq mi). It had 288,527 population in 2001 and 350,804 in 2011 which male comprised 169,461 and female 181,381. Its district headquarters, Birendranagar, is the capital of Karnali Province. It serves as a business hub and document center for Karnali province. According to population, development, road links, landforms, climate, many peoples are migrating here.

Jajarkot District
Jajarkot District (Nepali: जाजरकोट जिल्लाListenⓘ) a part of Karnali Province, is one of the seventy-seven districts of Nepal. The district, with Khalanga as its district headquarters, covers an area of 2,230 km2 (860 sq mi) and has a population of 171,304 in 2011 Nepal census.
2003 Texas's 19th congressional district special election
The 2003 United States House of Representatives special election in Texas's 19th congressional district was held on June 3, 2003 to select the successor to Larry Combest (R) who resigned to spend more time with his family. In accordance with Texas law, the special election was officially nonpartisan. This election took place during the highly controversial 2003 Texas Redistricting, during which the placement of the cities of Lubbock and Midland within the district were heavily debated. Though Randy Neugebauer of Lubbock won the special election, the new maps used for the 2004 elections put Midland in a separate district, allowing Mike Conaway to run in and win the open seat.

On May 3, seventeen candidates, including eleven Republicans, competed on the same ballot. However, as no candidate was able to achieve a majority, a runoff was held a month later.

Mike Conaway
Kenneth Michael Conaway (born June 11, 1948) is an American politician who was the U.S. representative for Texas's 11th congressional district from 2005 to 2021. He is a member of the Republican Party. The district Conaway represented is located in West Texas and includes Midland, Odessa, San Angelo, Brownwood, and Granbury. Conaway led the investigation into Russian interference in the 2016 United States elections (with assistance from Trey Gowdy and Tom Rooney) after the Intelligence Committee chair, Devin Nunes, recused himself. Aside from serving as the chair of the House Ethics Committee, he served as the chair of the House Agriculture Committee, and later its ranking member. Conaway indicated in July 2019 that he would not be seeking reelection. Conaway was succeeded by fellow Republican August Pfluger.
Henry Nevinson
Henry Woodd Nevinson (11 October 1856 – 9 November 1941) was an English war correspondent during the Second Boer War and World War I, a campaigning journalist exposing slavery in western Africa, political commentator and suffragist.

He was born in 1856 in Leicester, the son of solicitor George Nevinson and his wife, Maria Jane, née Woodd.  Nevinson studied at Shrewsbury School and later at Christ Church, Oxford. At Oxford, he came under the influence of John Ruskin's ideas. He worked as a missionary at Toynbee Hall in London's East End. After this he spent some time in Jena studying German culture. The result of this was in 1884 Nevinson published his first book, Herder and his Times, one of the first studies of Johann Gottfried Herder in English. In the 1880s Nevinson became a socialist; he befriended Peter Kropotkin and Edward Carpenter, and in 1889 joined the Social Democratic Federation.

Johann Gottfried Herder
Johann Gottfried von Herder (/ˈhɜːrdər/ HUR-dər; German: [ˈjoːhan ˈɡɔtfʁiːt ˈhɛʁdɐ]; 25 August 1744 – 18 December 1803) was a Prussian philosopher, theologian, pastor, poet, and literary critic. Herder is associated with the Age of Enlightenment, Sturm und Drang, and Weimar Classicism. He was a Romantic philosopher and poet who argued that true German culture was to be discovered among the common people (das Volk). He also stated that it was through folk songs, folk poetry, and folk dances that the true spirit of the nation (der Volksgeist) was popularized. He is credited with establishing or advancing a number of important disciplines: hermeneutics, linguistics, anthropology, and "a secular philosophy of history."
Folkeslunda Limestone
The Folkeslunda Limestone is a thin limestone and mudstone geologic formation of Sweden. The formation crops out on the island of Öland to the east of Kalmar, where Folkeslunda is located. Other exposures of the formation are in Dalarna, Jämtland and Östergötland. The Folkeslunda Limestone was deposited in an open marine environment with an estimated water depth of 150 to 200 metres (490 to 660 ft) in a eustatically transgressive phase.

The formation preserves fossils dating back to the late Darriwilian (Lasnamägi stage in the regional stratigraphy) of the Middle Ordovician period, dating to 463.5 to 460.9 Ma. Several genera of nautiloids, trilobites, brachiopods and ostracods were found in the maximum 3.51 metres (11.5 ft) thick formation.

Erratic blocks of the same formation are also found in Germany (Mecklenburg-Vorpommern) and along the Vistula River in Bydgoszcz and in Żary, Lower Silesia, Poland.

Dalarna County
Dalarna County (Swedish: Dalarnas län) is a county or län in central Sweden (Svealand). It borders on the counties of Uppsala, Jämtland, Gävleborg, Västmanland, Örebro and Värmland. It also borders on the Norwegian counties of Hedmark and Trøndelag to the west. It was formerly known as Kopparberg County (Swedish: Kopparbergs län) until the name was changed to that of the provincial region on 1 January 1997. The province of Dalarna is slightly larger than the county, as the westernmost part of Ljusdal Municipality belongs to it. Prince Gabriel, the son of Prince Carl Philip, is Duke of Dalarna.

The term Dalarna County is mainly used for administrative purposes; it is further divided into municipalities (kommuner). Dalarna County encompasses nearly all of the cultural and historical province of Dalarna (literally, "the valleys"). For the most part sparsely populated and with extensive tracts of wilderness, Dalarna County is almost as large as Belgium in terms of land area.
Debla River
The Debla is a small river in the Pădurea Craiului Mountains of Bihor County, Romania. It disappears into the Gălășeni Cave near the village Gălășeni and continues its flow underground through the cave. It emerges in the Groapa Moțului Cave, near the village of Josani. It flows into the lower reach of the river Dobrinești.

Măgești
Măgești (Hungarian: Szászfalva) is a commune in Bihor County, Crișana, Romania with a population of 2,717 people. It is composed of seven villages: Butani (Rikosd), Cacuciu Nou (Nagykakucs), Dobricionești (Doborcsány), Gălășeni (Gálosháza), Josani (Krajnikfalva), Măgești and Ortiteag (Ürgeteg).
James E. Billie
James Edward Billie (born March 20, 1944), known as Chief Jim Billie, is a politician who chaired the Seminole Tribe of Florida from 1979 to 2001, and again from 2011 to 2016.

Billie's first tenure was the longest "of any elected leader in the Western Hemisphere, other than Fidel Castro," at 22 years. In 2001, he was impeached due to allegations of sexual misconduct. The source of the allegations later recanted and Billie won $600,000 in a lawsuit for wrongful impeachment. In 2011, he was re-elected to his former office, earning nearly 60% of the vote.

In 2005 Sarasota Magazine called Chief Billie “the most powerful American Indian leader of the past century.” He is best known for leading the tribe's success in the landmark Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida decision in 1996, upholding state and tribal sovereignty. In 2019 he was honored as a Florida Folk Heritage Award recipient.

Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida
Seminole Tribe of Florida v. Florida, 517 U.S. 44 (1996), was a United States Supreme Court case which held that Article One of the U.S. Constitution did not give the United States Congress the power to abrogate the sovereign immunity of the states that is further protected under the Eleventh Amendment. Such abrogation is permitted where it is necessary to enforce the rights of citizens guaranteed under the Fourteenth Amendment as per Fitzpatrick v. Bitzer. The case also held that the doctrine of Ex parte Young, which allows state officials to be sued in their official capacity for prospective injunctive relief, was inapplicable under these circumstances, because any remedy was limited to the one that Congress had provided.
Lutsk Raion
Lutsk Raion (Ukrainian: Луцький район) is a raion (district) in Volyn Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is the city of Lutsk. Population: 457 287 (2022)

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Volyn Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Lutsk Raion was significantly expanded.

Volyn Oblast
Volyn Oblast (Ukrainian: Волинська область, romanized: Volynska oblast) or simply Volyn (Ukrainian: Волинь), is an oblast (province) in northwestern Ukraine. It borders Rivne Oblast to the east, Lviv Oblast to the south, Poland to the west and Belarus to the north. Its administrative centre is Lutsk. Kovel is the westernmost town and the last station in Ukraine on the rail line running from Kyiv to Warsaw. The population is 1,021,356 (2022 estimate).
Shiliuzhuang Subdistrict
Shiliuzhuang Subdistrict (Chinese: 石榴庄街道; pinyin: Shíliúzhuāng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict on eastern Fengtai District, Beijing, China. It shares border with Chengshousi Subdistrict and Shibalidian Township to the east, Donggaodi Subdistrict to the south, and Dahongmen Subdistrict to the west and north.

The subdistrict was created in 2021 from portions of Dongtiejiangying and Dahongmen Subdistricts. It took its name Shiliuzhuang (Chinese: 石榴庄; lit. 'Pomegranate Villa') from its historical location as an imperial pomegranate orchard.

Chengshousi Subdistrict
Chengshousi Subdistrict (Chinese: 成寿寺街道; pinyin: Chéngshòusì Jiēdào) is a subdistrict situated on the northeastern portion of Fengtai District, Beijing, China. It borders Fangzhuang Subdistrict to its north, Shibalidian Township to its east, Xiaohongmen Township to its south, and Shiliuzhuang Subdistrict to its west.

The subdistrict was created in 2021 from parts of Dongtiejiangying and Dahongmen Subdistricts, as well as part of Nanyuan Township. Its name Chengshousi is inherited from Chengshou Temple, a Buddhist temple that once existed in the area.
Marchtal Abbey
Marchtal Abbey (German: Kloster Marchtal or Reichsstift Marchtal) is a former Premonstratensian monastery in Obermarchtal in the Alb-Donau-Kreis, Baden-Württemberg, Germany. The minster church of Saints Peter and Paul, the former abbey church, located on a prominent elevation, still dominates the landscape for miles around.

Premonstratensians
The Order of Canons Regular of Prémontré (Latin: Candidus et Canonicus Ordo Praemonstratensis), also known as the Premonstratensians, the Norbertines and, in Britain and Ireland, as the White Canons (from the colour of their habit), is a religious order of canons regular in the Catholic Church. They were founded in Prémontré near Laon in 1120 by Norbert of Xanten, who later became Archbishop of Magdeburg. Premonstratensians are designated by O.Praem (Ordo Praemonstratensis) following their name. They are part of the Augustinian tradition.

Norbert was a friend of Bernard of Clairvaux and was largely influenced by the Cistercian ideals as to both the manner of life and the government of his order. As the Premonstratensians are not monks but canons regular, their work often involves preaching and the exercising of pastoral ministry; they frequently serve in parishes close to their abbeys or priories.
Steve Rochinski
Stephen James Rochinski (born January 20, 1954) is an American jazz guitarist, composer, arranger, recording artist, author, and educator(Professor Emeritus)

He has worked and performed with Tal Farlow, Attila Zoller, Jimmy Raney, Pete Candoli, Conte Candoli, Tim Hagans, Joe Lovano, Greg Hopkins, Gary Foster, Pat Harbison, Jeff Sherman, Hal Melia, Chip Stephens, Hank Marr, Brad Goode, Joe Hunt, Scott Lee, Walt Weiskopf, Wade Beach, Amy Shook, Jeff Antoniuk, Tony Martucci,        Chuck Redd, Richard Evans, Bob Freedman, entertainer and singer Anthony Tillman, as well as numerous studio, concert, club date, and international clinic appearances.

Joe Lovano
Joseph Salvatore Lovano (born December 29, 1952) is an American jazz multi-instrumentalist. Though best known as a tenor saxophonist, Lovano has also recorded on alto clarinet, flute and drums, amongst other instruments.  He has earned a Grammy Award and several mentions in Down Beat magazine's critics' & readers' polls. His wife is singer Judi Silvano, with whom he records and performs. Lovano was a longtime member of the late drummer Paul Motian‘s trio alongside guitarist Bill Frisell.
Populars for Prodi
The Populars for Prodi (Italian: Popolari per Prodi) was an electoral list of political parties in Italy.

The list participated in the 1996 general election as a component of The Olive Tree, supporting Romano Prodi as candidate for Prime Minister. The list, contested seats for the Chamber of Deputies, receiving 6.8% of the vote and 72 deputies (including Prodi).

The Olive Tree (Italy)
The Olive Tree (Italian: L'Ulivo) was a denomination used for several successive centre-left political and electoral alliances of  Italian political parties from 1995 to 2007.

The historical leader and ideologue of these coalitions was Romano Prodi, Professor of Economics and former leftist Christian Democrat, who invented the name and the symbol of The Olive Tree with Arturo Parisi in 1995. For the 2006 general election The Olive Tree was largely supplanted by a wider Prodi-led alliance  called The Union, while The Olive Tree remained a smaller federation of parties which merged to form the Democratic Party in October 2007, which continues to be the lead party of an unnamed centre-left coalition.
Armenian congress at Erzurum
The Armenian congress at Erzurum (the 8th World Congress of the Armenian Revolutionary Federation), held from the end of July to August 2, 1914, was a watershed event where representatives of the ruling Committee of Union and Progress party requested the Armenian Revolutionary Federation (the leading Armenian party in both the Ottoman and the Russian Empire) to incite a rebellion of Russian Armenians against the Tsarist regime in order to facilitate the conquest of Transcaucasia in the event of the opening up of a Caucasus front.

Armenians in Russia
Armenians in Russia or Russian Armenians (Armenian: Հայերը Ռուսաստանում, romanized: Hayery Rrusastanum; Russian: Армяне в России, romanized: Armyane v Rossii) are one of the country's largest ethnic minorities and the largest Armenian diaspora community outside Armenia. The 2010 Russian census recorded 1,182,388 Armenians in the country. Various figures estimate that the ethnic Armenian population in Russia is actually more than 2 million. Armenians populate various regions, including Moscow, Saint Petersburg, Krasnodar Krai in the North Caucasus and as far as Vladivostok in the East.
Ohio State Route 444
State Route 444 (SR 444, Ohio 444) is an 8.43-mile (13.57 km) state route that runs from Dayton through Fairborn in the US state of Ohio. Most of the north–south signed route is an urban four-lane highway which passes through both commercial and residential properties. For some of its path, SR 444 passes through Wright-Patterson Air Force Base.

The highway was first signed in 1959 on much the same alignment as today. SR 444 replaced the SR 4 designation of the highway, which dated back to 1927. In 1927, SR 4 replaced SR 52, which was established in 1923. The northern terminus was moved to its current location when a section of Interstate 675 (I–675) opened in 1976. In 2012 a section of the road was rerouted away from the base, using city streets in Fairborn.

Fairborn, Ohio
Fairborn is a city in Greene County, Ohio, United States. The population was 34,620 at the 2020 census. It is a suburb of Dayton and part of the Dayton metropolitan area. The city is home to Wright State University, which serves nearly 12,000 undergraduate and graduate students. The city also hosts the disaster training facility known informally as Calamityville.

It is the only city in the world named Fairborn, a portmanteau created from the names Fairfield and Osborn. After the Great Dayton Flood of 1913, the region and state created a conservation district here and, in the 1920s, began building Huffman Dam to control the Mad River. Residents of Osborn were moved with their houses to an area alongside Fairfield. In 1950, the two villages merged into the new city of Fairborn.
Adam Dawson (colonial administrator)
Adam Dawson was an administrator of the English East India Company. He arrived in Calcutta in 1726. He was a warehouse-keeper in 1748, before he was promoted to President and Governor of Bengal on 17 July 1749, succeeding William Barwell. He was replaced on 5 July 1752 by William Fytche.

William Fytche
William Fytche (1716 – 10 August 1753) was an administrator of the English East India Company. He served as President of Bengal in the mid-eighteenth century. He was one of the last administrators before the Battle of Plassey allowed the company to firmly establish its rule in India.
Robe of Gems
Robe of Gems (Spanish: Manto de gemas) is a 2022 drama film written and directed by Natalia López Gallardo in her directorial debut. Starring Nailea Norvind, Juan Daniel García Treviño, Sherlyn Zavala and Balam Toledo. It competed for the Golden Bear and won the Silver Bear Jury Prize at the 72nd Berlin International Film Festival.

Nailea Norvind
Nailea Norvind (born 16 February 1970) is a Mexican theater, television and film actress.

She is best known for her role as Leonor in the telenovela Quinceañera, as well as appeared in the critically acclaimed 1987 film Gaby: A True Story. She was nominated for the Ariel Award for Best Supporting Actress in 2012 for her role as Nina in the film La Otra Familia.
Scott Linton
Scott Linton (born 6 September 1989), is a Scottish former footballer who played as a defender or midfielder.

He has previously played for Hibernian as a youth player, as well as Cowdenbeath, Dumbarton, Clyde, East Fife and Kelty Hearts.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Gustavus Woodson Smith
Gustavus Woodson Smith (November 30, 1821 – June 24, 1896), more commonly known as G.W. Smith, was a career United States Army officer who fought in the Mexican–American War, a civil engineer, and a major general in the Confederate States Army during the American Civil War. He briefly commanded the Army of Northern Virginia from May 31 until June 1, 1862, following the wounding of General Joseph E. Johnston at the Battle of Seven Pines, and before General Robert E. Lee took command. Smith later served as an interim Confederate States Secretary of War and in the Georgia Militia.

General officers in the Confederate States Army
The general officers of the Confederate States Army (CSA) were the senior military leaders of the Confederate States of America during the American Civil War of 1861–1865. They were often former officers from the United States Army (the regular army) before the Civil War, while others were given the rank based on merit or when necessity demanded. Most Confederate generals needed confirmation from the Confederate States Congress, much like prospective generals in the modern U.S. armed forces.

Like all of the Confederacy's military forces, these generals answered to their civilian leadership, in particular Jefferson Davis, the president of the Confederate States of America and therefore commander-in-chief of the military forces of the Confederate States.
Kanato Le
Kanato Le (Japanese: リー 海夏澄, Hepburn: Rī Kanato; born 4 July 2007) is a Japanese racing driver who is set to compete in the FIA Formula 3 Championship for ART Grand Prix.

Le finished eighth in the 2025 Formula Regional Middle East Championship for ART. He previously competed in the 2023 F4 British Championship, finishing seventh overall, and the 2024 Formula Regional European Championship with G4 Racing.

2023 F4 British Championship
The 2023 ROKiT F4 British Championship is a multi-event, Formula 4 open-wheel single seater motor racing championship held across United Kingdom. The championship features a mix of professional motor racing teams and privately funded drivers, competing in Formula 4 cars that conform to the technical regulations for the championship. This, the ninth season, following on from the British Formula Ford Championship, is the ninth year that the cars conform to the FIA's Formula 4 regulations. Part of the TOCA tour, it forms part of the extensive program of support categories built up around the BTCC centrepiece.

The season commenced on 22 April at Donington Park and concluded on 8 October at Brands Hatch, utilising the Grand Prix circuit, after thirty races to be held at ten meetings, all but one in the support of the 2023 British Touring Car Championship.