hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Minority discount
Minority discount is an economic concept reflecting the notion that a partial ownership interest may be worth less than its proportional share of the total business. The concept applies to equities with voting power because the size of voting position provides additional benefits or drawbacks. For example, ownership of a 51% share in the business is usually worth more than 51% of its equity value—this phenomenon is called the premium for control. Conversely, ownership of a 30% share in the business may be worth less than 30% of its equity value. This is so because this minority ownership limits the scope of control over critical aspects of the business. Share prices of public companies usually reflect the minority discount. This is why take-private transactions involve a substantial premium over recently quoted prices.

Control premium
A control premium is an amount that a buyer is sometimes willing to pay over the current market price of a publicly traded company in order to acquire a controlling share in that company.

If the market perceives that a public company's profit and cash flow is not being maximized, capital structure is not optimal, or other factors that can be changed are impacting the company's share
Nikki Nelms
Nikki Nelms is an American hairdresser. She has worked with celebrities including Solange, Janelle Monáe, Zoë Kravitz, and Yara Shahidi. Her best known work includes the hair styling in Solange's "Don't Touch My Hair" and Janelle Monáe's hair in "Pynk". Nelms is known for using non-traditional materials and bold silhouettes in her styling.

Pynk
"Pynk" is a song recorded by American singer and songwriter Janelle Monáe for her third studio album, Dirty Computer (2018). It features Canadian art pop musician Grimes and interpolates the song "Pink" by Aerosmith, with members of the band being credited as co-writers. Lyrically, the song continues Monáe's female empowerment theme previously expressed in "Django Jane". The third single from Dirty Computer, a music video for the song was uploaded to YouTube on April 10, 2018.
Juchitepec
Juchitepec is a municipality in State of Mexico in central Mexico. The municipal seat is the city of Juchitepec de Mariano Rivas.  Juchitepec means “Hill of the Flowers” in Nahuatl. The municipality covers an area of 149.56 km2. It has one major community outside the seat called San Matias Cuijingo. The municipality is located at the southwest of the state, and borders the municipalities of Tenango del Aire, Tepetlixpa, Ozumba and Ayapango in the State of Mexico, and with Totolapan and Tlalnepantla in the state of Morelos to the south, and the borough of Milpa Alta in Mexico City to the west. A large part of the population is employed in commerce. Other major economic activities include agriculture and livestock. As of the 2010 census, the municipality had a total population of 23,497 inhabitants.

Tepetlixpa
Tepetlixpa is a municipality in the State of Mexico in Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 46.68 km2 (18.02 sq mi) and borders on the state of Morelos.

In 2000, the municipality had a total population of 16,871. By 2020, the figure had risen to 20,500.
Jonathan Dwyer
Jonathan Avery Dwyer (born July 26, 1989) is an American former professional football player who was a running back in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets and was selected by the Pittsburgh Steelers in the sixth round of the 2010 NFL draft. He also played in the NFL for the Arizona Cardinals.

Tashard Choice
Tashard J. Choice (born November 20, 1984) is an American football coach and former player who currently serves as the running backs coach for the Detroit Lions of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Georgia Tech Yellow Jackets.

Choice began his collegiate career at the University of Oklahoma but transferred to Georgia Tech in 2005. Choice played high school football for Lovejoy High School, in Lovejoy, Georgia where he recorded 40 career all-purpose touchdowns.  Choice graduated with a degree in History, Technology and Society in December 2007, and earned All-Big 12 Academic Honor Roll in 2004 along with All-ACC Academic Honor Roll in 2005-2006. He signed a two-year, $6 million deal with the Cowboys.

After his playing career, Choice took on various assistant coaching jobs for the Cowboys, North Texas, Georgia Tech, and Texas. He is currently the running backs coach for the Detroit Lions.
Martin Stephen Egonda-Ntende
Frederick Martin Stephen Egonda-Ntende (born in 1956) is a Ugandan judge who serves as a Justice of the Court of Appeal of Uganda, which doubles as the Constitutional Court of Uganda. Prior to that, from 2009 until 2014, he served as the Chief Justice of the Seychelles. He was sworn in as Chief Justice on Friday, August 21, 2009 at State House in the Seychelles capital city, Victoria. Prior to that he served as Acting Justice of the Supreme Court of Uganda. He was also involved in the setting up of an independent judiciary in East Timor, where he served as a judge of the Court of Appeal.

Supreme Court of Uganda
The Supreme Court of Uganda is the highest judicial organ in Uganda. It derives its powers from Article 130 of the 1995 Constitution. It is primarily an appellate court with original jurisdiction in only one type of case: a presidential election petition.
Settlement of Nandi
The Settlement of Nandi was the historical process by which the various communities that today make up the Nandi people of Kenya settled in Nandi County. It is captured in the folklore of the Nandi as a distinct process composed of a series of inward migrations by members from various Kalenjin ortinwek.

Nandi County
Nandi County is a county in Kenya in the North Rift, occupying an area of 2,884.4 square kilometres. Its capital, Kapsabet, is the largest town in the county while other towns include Mosoriot, Tinderet, Kobujoi, Kaiboi, Kabiyet and Nandi Hills. According to a 2019 census, the county has a population of 885,711, made up of a number of Kenyan communities, the majority of whom belong to the native tribe called Nandi.

Geographically, the unique jug-shaped structure of Nandi County is bound by the Equator to the south and extends northwards to latitude 0034’N. The western boundary extends to west. The county's major area is covered by the Nandi Hills.
2020 Farah Palmer Cup
The 2020 Farah Palmer Cup season was the 14th season of New Zealand's women's provincial rugby union competition since it changed formats in 2006, having not been held in 2010. The regular season began on 5 September with Waikato hosting a match against Northland. It involved the top thirteen rugby unions of New Zealand. The competition is known as the Farah Palmer Cup after former Black Ferns captain, Farah Palmer and it is the fifth season under this name. To cut down on travel, the teams were split into North and South pools for the 2020 season, due to the COVID-19 pandemic, and thus no promotion or relegation was applied.

Waikato Rugby Union
The Waikato Rugby Union (WRU) is the official governing body of rugby union in the Waikato area in the North Island of New Zealand. Headquartered in Hamilton, WRU was founded in 1921.

Its senior representative team, nicknamed the Mooloos, competes in the Mitre 10 Cup (formerly known as the ITM Cup and Air New Zealand Cup), and won the inaugural Air New Zealand Cup in 2006. The squad plays its home fixtures at the Waikato Stadium in Hamilton. The union's colours are red, yellow and black.
Mark Molson
John Markland "Mark" Molson (28 April 1949 – 19 January 2006) was a Canadian professional bridge player from Montreal and Fenton, Michigan.

He was a member of the Molson family and attended Selwyn House School.

Most frequently partnered with Boris Baran, he won the Canada national bridge team Championships seven times, seven North American Bridge Championships, and came in second as a member of the Canada open team in the 1995 Bermuda Bowl.

On September 5, 1998, his daughter, Jennifer Rose Molson, was born. He married fellow bridge world champion Janice Seamon-Molson, Jennifer's mother, on March 16, 1999. Janice is still a highly ranked Bridge player and Jennifer attended the New York Film Academy for musical theatre.

Molson died suddenly of complications during an operation for a dissected aortic aneurism. This medical issue first surfaced while Mark was playing golf.

He and Baran were inducted into the Canadian Bridge Federation Hall of Fame in 2013.

North American Bridge Championships
North American Bridge Championships (NABC) are three annual bridge tournaments sponsored by the American Contract Bridge League (ACBL). The "Spring", "Summer", and "Fall" NABCs are usually scheduled in March, July, and November for about eleven days. They comprise both championship and side contests of different kinds (e.g. matchpoint pairs and knockout teams, one-day and two-day) in many classes of competition (e.g. open/women/senior or defined by masterpoints). Host cities in the United States and Canada are selected several years in advance.
Sai Cinza Indigenous Territory
The Sai Cinza Indigenous Territory (Portuguese: Terra Indígena Sai Cinza) is an indigenous territory in the state of Pará, Brazil.
A proposed dam on the Tapajós river is on hold since it would flood part of the territory, and the constitution does not allow projects that would force relocation of indigenous people.

Tapajós
The Tapajós (Portuguese: Rio Tapajós [ˈhi.u tapaˈʒɔs]) is a river in Brazil. It runs through the Amazon rainforest and is a major tributary of the Amazon River. When combined with the Juruena River, the Tapajós is approximately 2,080 km (1,290 mi) long. Prior to a drastic increase in illegal gold mining and consequent soil erosion it was one of the largest clearwater rivers and currently is an anthropogenic whitewater river, accounting for about 6% of the water in the Amazon basin.
Štěpán Trochta
Štěpán Trochta (Czech pronunciation: [ˈʃcɛpaːn ˈtroxta]; 26 March 1905, Francova Lhota – 6 April 1974, Litoměřice) was a Czech Roman Catholic cardinal in the former Czechoslovakia who served as the Bishop of Litoměřice from 1947 until his death and was a professed member from the Salesians of Don Bosco. Trochta was considered a staunch defender of ecclesial rights and privileges in Czechoslovakia which the communist regime had sought to limit and suppress; Pope Paul VI (who made Trochta a cardinal) labelled Trochta after his death as a "defender of the faith" due to his commitment in standing up for Church rights and beliefs. He was a prisoner of war during World War II and for the decades after was stopped from performing his ecclesial duties until the end of his life when he was permitted to do so.

His cause for sainthood had been planned in his old diocese but plans to do so collapsed and it has been scrapped. There are still local initiatives to commence the process.

Litoměřice
Litoměřice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈlɪtomɲɛr̝ɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Leitmeritz) is a town in the Ústí nad Labem Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 23,000 inhabitants. It is located at the confluence of the Elbe and Ohře rivers. In the Middle Ages, it was a royal town of great political, cultural and economic importance. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation. The town is the seat of the Diocese of Litoměřice.
Ahtisa Manalo
Ma. Ahtisa Manalo (born May 25, 1997) is a Filipino beauty pageant titleholder who won Miss Universe Philippines 2025. She represented the Philippines at Miss Universe 2025, where she was the third runner-up.

Manalo represented the Philippines at Miss International 2018, where she was the first runner-up. She later represented Quezon at Miss Universe Philippines 2024 where she was second runner-up, and was subsequently appointed to represent the Philippines at Miss Cosmo 2024, where she finished in the top 10.

Miss International 2018
Miss International 2018 was the 58th edition of the Miss International pageant, held at the Tokyo Dome City Hall in Tokyo, Japan, on 9 November 2018.

Kevin Lilliana Junaedy of Indonesia crowned Mariem Velazco of Venezuela as her successor at the end of the event. This marks Venezuela's eighth victory at Miss International - the most in the pageant's history.

A total of 78 contestants from countries and territories competed in this year's Miss International pageant, surpassing the previous record of 73 contestants in 2014, making the biggest turnout in the pageant's history.
Shabana (Hejazi tradition)
Shabana is a traditional celebration undertaken by Non-Arab immigrants settled in the Hijaz in the mid-19th century. It is mainly held in Makkah. It is traced back to 70 years ago. The celebration is held by immigrants families by the end of the month of Sha'ban, that precedes the Holy Islamic month of Ramadan. In this event, ladies arrange a celebration where they wear special dresses and serve special kind of dishes. On the other hand, men arrange a picnic where they ride horses, fish or swim and this may last for more than one day. It is an innovation that is not permitted by Islamic law.

Sha'ban
Shaʽban (Arabic: شَعْبَان Šaʿbān) is the eighth month of the Islamic calendar. It is called the month of 'separation', as the word means 'to disperse' or 'to separate' because the pre-Islamic Arabs used to disperse in search of water.

The fifteenth night of this month is Mid-Sha'ban, which coincides with the celebration of Shab-e-Barat in Muslim communities all over Asia.

Sha'ban is the last lunar month before Ramadan, and so Muslims determine in it when the first day of Ramadan fasting will be. In the second Hijri year (624 CE), fasting during Ramadan was made obligatory during this month.

In the post-Tanzimat Ottoman Empire context, the word was, in French, the main language of diplomacy and a common language among educated and among non-Muslim subjects, spelled Chaʼban. The current Turkish spelling today is Şâban.
Olivia Zafuto
Olivia Zafuto (born January 25, 1997) is an American professional ice hockey defenceman who is signed as a reserve for the Boston Fleet of the Professional Women's Hockey League (PWHL). She has previously played for PWHL New York, the Boston Pride, Linköping HC, and HV71, and in the Professional Women's Hockey Players Association (PWHPA).

HV71 (women)
HV71 (abbreviated from Husqvarna Vätterstad 1971) are a semi-professional ice hockey team in the Swedish Women's Hockey League (SDHL). They play in Jönköping, in the southern Swedish province of Småland, at Husqvarna Garden.
Blue Like Jazz (film)
Blue Like Jazz is a 2012 American comedy-drama film directed by Steve Taylor and starring Marshall Allman, Claire Holt, and Tania Raymonde. It is based on Donald Miller's autobiographical book of the same name. Miller, Taylor, and Ben Pearson co-wrote the screenplay.

Marshall Allman
Marshall Scot Allman (born April 5, 1984) is an American actor. He is known to television audiences for his role as L. J. Burrows on the Fox television series Prison Break. He is also known for playing Tommy Mickens on True Blood.
Depsang Bulge
The Depsang Bulge or Burtsa Bulge
is a 900-square-kilometre area
of mountain terrain in the disputed Aksai Chin region, which was conceded to India by China in 1960, but has remained under Chinese occupation since the 1962 Sino-Indian War.
The area is immediately to the south of the Depsang Plains and encloses the basin of the Burtsa Nala (or Tiannan River, Chinese: 天南河), a stream originating in the Aksai Chin region and flowing west to merge with the Depsang Nala near the village of Burtsa in Ladakh, eventually draining into the Shyok River. The area is perceived to be of strategic importance to both the countries, sandwiched by strategic roads linking border outposts.
Since 2013, China has made attempts to push the Line of Actual Control further west into Indian territory, threatening India's strategic road.

Aksai Chin
Aksai Chin is a region administered by China partly in He'an County and Hekang County of Hotan Prefecture, Xinjiang, and partly in Rutog County of Ngari Prefecture, Tibet, and constituting the easternmost portion of the larger Kashmir region that has been the subject of a dispute between India and China since 1959. China administers the region and claims it as part of the Xinjiang and Tibet autonomous regions. India meanwhile claims it as part of Leh district in the union territory of Ladakh.
Yosef Yitzchak Jacobson
Yosef Yitzchak "Yossi" Jacobson (Hebrew: יוסף יצחק יעקבסון or ג'ייקובסון) (born June 11, 1972), also known as YY Jacobson, is an American Chabad rabbi and speaker from Monsey, New York.

Jacobson served as editor-in-chief of the Algemeiner Journal, and as a choizer (transcriber) for Lubavitcher Rebbe Menachem Mendel Schneerson.

Monsey, New York
Monsey (English pronunciation: /ˈmʌnsi/ ⓘ, Yiddish: מאנסי, romanized: Monsi) is a hamlet and census-designated place in the town of Ramapo, Rockland County, New York, United States, north of Airmont, east of Viola, south of New Hempstead, and west of Spring Valley. The village of Kaser is surrounded by the hamlet of Monsey. The 2020 census listed the population at 26,954.

The hamlet has a large, and growing, community of Haredi Jews.
Danielle Goyette
Danielle Goyette (born January 30, 1966) is a Canadian former ice hockey player who played on the Canada women's national ice hockey team. She is an eight-time champion of the Abby Hoffman Cup, the national women's championship of Canada. In 2013, she was inducted into the IIHF Hall of Fame. In 2017, she was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. Goyette was made a member of the Order of Hockey in Canada in 2018.

Order of Hockey in Canada
The Order of Hockey in Canada is an award given out annually by Hockey Canada. It honours Canadian ice hockey players, coaches and executives and recognizes their contributions to the game. The first group of honourees was announced on April 10, 2012.
Colin Kelly (Gaelic footballer)
Colin Kelly (born 1971) is a Gaelic football manager and former player from Drogheda, County Louth. He made 33 Championship appearances for the Louth senior football team between 1989 and 2002 and is one of the Wee County's leading scorers of all-time.

Drogheda
Drogheda (/ˈdrɒhədə, ˈdrɔːdə/ DRO-həd-ə, DRAW-də; Irish: Droichead Átha [ˈd̪ˠɾˠɛhəd̪ˠ ˈaːhə] ⓘ, meaning "bridge at the ford") is an industrial and port town in County Louth on the east coast of Ireland, 43 km (27 mi) north of Dublin. It is located on the Dublin–Belfast corridor on the east coast of Ireland, mostly in County Louth but with the south fringes of the town in County Meath, 40 km (25 mi) north of Dublin city centre. Drogheda had a population of 44,135 inhabitants in 2022, making it the eleventh largest settlement by population in all of Ireland, and the largest town in the Republic of Ireland, by both population and area. The area of Drogheda that is in Co.Louth has 35,990 residents, while the area of Drogheda that is in Co. Meath has 8,145 residents, which make up the 44,135 total. It is the last bridging point on the River Boyne before it enters the Irish Sea. The UNESCO World Heritage Site of Newgrange is located 8 km (5.0 mi) west of the town.
Tetris (Game Boy video game)
Tetris is a 1989 puzzle video game developed and published by Nintendo for the Game Boy. It is a portable version of Alexey Pajitnov's original Tetris and it was bundled with the North American and European releases of the Game Boy itself. It is the first game to have been compatible with the Game Link Cable, a pack-in accessory that allows two Game Boy consoles to link for multiplayer purposes. A remaster, Tetris DX, was released on the Game Boy Color in 1998. It was released for the Nintendo 3DS' Virtual Console in December 2011 without multiplayer functionality. The game was released on the Nintendo Classics service in February 2023.

Alexey Pajitnov
Alexey Leonidovich Pajitnov (born April 16, 1955) is a Russian-American computer engineer and video game designer. He is best known for creating, designing, and developing Tetris in 1985 while working at the Dorodnitsyn Computing Centre under the Academy of Sciences of the Soviet Union (now the Russian Academy of Sciences).

In 1991, he moved to the United States and later became a U.S. citizen. In 1996, Pajitnov founded The Tetris Company alongside Dutch video game designer Henk Rogers. Despite the game's high popularity, Pajitnov did not receive royalties from Tetris prior to this time; the Soviet Union had disintegrated by 1991.
Friends (Chick Corea album)
Friends is a studio album by Chick Corea. It features a quartet of Corea, saxophonist Joe Farrell, acoustic bassist Eddie Gómez and drummer Steve Gadd. It was released by Polydor Records in 1978, and the cover featured The Smurfs.

Friends received the 1979 Grammy award for Best Jazz Instrumental Performance, Group.

Chick Corea
Armando Anthony "Chick" Corea (June 12, 1941 – February 9, 2021) was an American jazz pianist, composer, bandleader, and occasional percussionist. His compositions "Spain", "500 Miles High", "La Fiesta", "Armando's Rhumba", and "Windows" are considered jazz standards.

As a member of the Miles Davis band in the late 1960s, Corea participated in the birth of jazz fusion. In the 1970s he formed Return to Forever. Along with McCoy Tyner, Herbie Hancock and Keith Jarrett, Corea is considered one of the foremost pianists of the post-John Coltrane era.

Corea continued to collaborate frequently while exploring different musical styles throughout the 1980s and 1990s. He won 29 Grammy Awards and has been nominated for the award 79 times.
Culture of El Salvador
The culture of El Salvador is a Central American culture nation influenced by the clash of ancient Mesoamerica and medieval Iberian Peninsula. Salvadoran culture is influenced by Native American culture (Lenca people, Cacaopera people, Maya peoples, Pipil people) as well as Latin American culture (Latin America, Hispanic America, Ibero-America). Mestizo culture, Afro-Latin culture and the Catholic Church dominates the country. Although the Romance language, Castilian Spanish, is the official and dominant language spoken in El Salvador, Salvadoran Spanish which is part of Central American Spanish has influences of Native American languages of El Salvador such as Lencan languages, Cacaopera language, Mayan languages and Pipil language, which are still spoken in some regions of El Salvador.

Cacaopera language
Cacaopera is an extinct language belonging to the Misumalpan family, formerly spoken in the department of Morazán in El Salvador by the Cacaopera people. It was closely related to Matagalpa, and slightly more distantly to Sumo, but was geographically separated from other Misumalpan languages.

The last semi-speakers of Cacaopera lived in the 1970s. All native speakers had died before this time.
Sunday Life (TV series)
Sunday Life is a British magazine television programme that was broadcast on Sundays on BBC One, beginning on 20 April 2008, presented by Louise Minchin and Colin Jackson. The show, which replaced The Heaven and Earth Show, was intended to focus on "inspiring stories and thought-provoking discussion", with the slogan "Real stories. Real people. Real life." The show was partly intended to fill the public service remit of the BBC's broadcasting licence, as well as its Sunday morning religious quota.  It was dropped from the schedule after one series and its slot in the schedule replaced by The Big Questions.

The show was produced by True North Productions, which is based in Leeds. The location for the show was in Keighley, West Yorkshire, at the old Mills, which were renovated.

The Big Questions
The Big Questions was an interfaith dialogue and ethics television programme usually presented by Nicky Campbell. It was broadcast live on BBC One on Sunday mornings, replacing The Heaven and Earth Show as the BBC's religious discussion programme.