hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the Southern Pacific Railroad
The history of the Southern Pacific ("SP") stretched from 1865 to 1998.

The Southern Pacific was represented by three railroads. The original company was called Southern Pacific Railroad, the second was called Southern Pacific Company and the third was called Southern Pacific Transportation Company. The third Southern Pacific railroad, the Southern Pacific Transportation Company, is now operating as the current incarnation of the Union Pacific Railroad.

Northwestern Pacific Railroad
The Northwestern Pacific Railroad is a 271-mile (436 km) mainline railroad from the former ferry connections in Sausalito, California north to Eureka, with a connection to the national railroad system at Schellville. The railroad has gone through a complex history of different ownership and operators but has maintained a generic name of reference as the Northwestern Pacific Railroad, despite no longer being officially named that.

Currently, only a 62-mile (100 km) stretch of mainline from Larkspur to the Town of Windsor and east to Schellville on the "south end" is operated by Sonoma–Marin Area Rail Transit (SMART), which operates both commuter and freight trains with plans for future extension north to Cloverdale. The "north end" from Willits to Eureka (which includes connections to the California Western Railroad) is currently out of service, but saved by 2018 legislation to be converted into the Great Redwood Trail.
Evangelical and Reformed Church
The Evangelical and Reformed Church (E&R) was a Protestant Christian denomination in the United States. It was formed in 1934 by the merger of the Reformed Church in the United States (RCUS) with the Evangelical Synod of North America (ESNA). A minority within the RCUS remained out of the merger in order to continue the name Reformed Church in the United States. In 1957, the Evangelical and Reformed Church merged with the majority of the Congregational Christian Churches (CC) to form the United Church of Christ (UCC).

Reformed Church in America
The Reformed Church in America (RCA) is a mainline Reformed Protestant denomination in Canada and the United States. It has about 82,865 members. From its beginning in 1628 until 1819, it was the North American branch of the Dutch Reformed Church. In 2024, Pew Research estimated that approximately 0.1% of the US adult population, or about 260,000 people, self-identifies with the Reformed Church in America.

The RCA is a founding member of the National Council of Churches, the World Council of Churches (WCC), Christian Churches Together, and the World Communion of Reformed Churches (WCRC). Some parts of the denomination belong to the National Association of Evangelicals, the Canadian Council of Churches, and the Evangelical Fellowship of Canada. The denomination is in full communion with the Evangelical Lutheran Church in America, Presbyterian Church (USA), and United Church of Christ and is a denominational partner of the Christian Reformed Church in North America.
Sarpsborg Station
Sarpsborg Station (Norwegian: Sarpsborg stasjon) is located at the city of Sarpsborg in Norway on the Østfold Line. The station is served by regional trains between Oslo and Halden with hourly headway by Vy.

Sarpsborg
Sarpsborg (pronounced [ˈsɑ̀ʂbɔr] or [ˈsɑ̀rpsbɔrɡ]), historically Borg, is a city and municipality in Østfold county, Norway.  The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Sarpsborg.

Sarpsborg is part of the fifth largest urban area in Norway when paired with neighbouring Fredrikstad. As of 1 January 2018, according to Statistics Norway these two municipalities have a total population of 136,127 with  55,840 in Sarpsborg and 81,278 in Fredrikstad.

Statistics for 2021, say that the city has a population where 19% of the children belong to families that have "low-income in the long-term"; that is the highest level for a city (in Norway); the national level is 11.3%.
4th New York State Legislature
The 4th New York State Legislature, consisting of the New York State Senate and the New York State Assembly, met from September 7, 1780, to July 1, 1781, during the fourth year of George Clinton's governorship, first at Poughkeepsie, then at Albany, and finally at Poughkeepsie again.

Ulster County, New York
Ulster County is a county in the U.S. state of New York. It is situated along the Hudson River. As of the 2020 census, the population was 182,977. The county seat is Kingston. The county is named after the Irish province of Ulster. The county is part of the Hudson Valley region of the state.
Émile Picot
Émile Picot (13 September 1844, in Paris – 24 September 1918, in Saint-Martin-d'Écublei) was a French Romance philologist.

In 1865 he obtained his law degree, and afterwards served as a lawyer at the Court of Appeals in Paris. He later worked as a French vice-consular agent in Hermannstadt (from 1868) and Témesvar (from 1869). From 1875 to 1909 he taught classes in Romanian philology at the École spéciale des Langues orientales in Paris. In 1888 he received the title of professor.

From 1897 to 1918 he was a free member of the Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres, and from 1914 to 1918 he served as director of the Société des antiquaires de Normandie. He was also an editor of the journal, Revue de linguistique et de philologie comparée.

Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres
The Académie des Inscriptions et Belles-Lettres (French pronunciation: [akademi dez‿ɛ̃skʁipsjɔ̃ e bɛl lɛtʁ]) is a French learned society devoted to history, founded in February 1663 as one of the five academies of the Institut de France. The academy's scope is the study of ancient inscriptions (epigraphy), historical literature (see Belles-lettres) and the cultures of the civilizations of antiquity, the Middle Ages, and the classical period, as well as those of non-European civilizations.
130 Elektra
130 Elektra is a large outer main-belt asteroid and quadruple system with three minor-planet moons. It was discovered on 17 February 1873, by astronomer Christian Peters at Litchfield Observatory, New York, and named after Electra, an avenger in Greek mythology.

Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters
Christian Heinrich Friedrich Peters (September 19, 1813 – July 18, 1890) was a German–American astronomer and professor at Hamilton College, New York, and a pioneer in the study and visual discovery of asteroids. His name is often given as C. H. F. Peters.
Błękitni Stargard
Błękitni Stargard is a Polish association football sports club from Stargard. The men's team is currently playing in the fourth-tier III liga, following their 2020–21 relegation from the II liga. The men's reserve and the women's teams compete in their respective fifth divisions. There are also 11 different youth teams. It was formerly a multi-sports club.

I liga
The 1 Liga (Pierwsza liga [ˈpjɛrfʂa ˈliɡa], lit. 'First League'), referred to as the Betclic 1 Liga for sponsorship reasons, is the men's second professional association football division of the Polish football league system, below the Ekstraklasa and above the II liga via promotion/relegation systems. It is run by the Polish Football Association (PZPN) since its inception on 30 May 1948. The league was renamed from Second League (II liga) to First League (I liga) in 2008. It is currently contested by 18 teams; from 2002, all clubs onwards must have a licence, issued by the Association.

Before 1939, there were several plans to create a second, national level of Polish football system, but all failed. Instead, there were regional leagues of most Polish provinces, the so-called A Classes (see also Lower Level Football Leagues in Interwar Poland).
Rabud
Rabud (Arabic: رابود, also known as Khirbet Rabud) is a Palestinian village in the southern West Bank, in the Hebron Governorate of the State of Palestine. The village was the site of an ancient Canaanite and Judahite city. The village had a population of 2,816 in 2017.

Applied Research Institute–Jerusalem
The Applied Research Institute - Jerusalem (ARIJ; Arabic: معهد الابحاث التطبيقية - القدس) is a Palestinian NGO founded in 1990 with its main office in Bethlehem in the West Bank. ARIJ is actively working on research projects in the fields of management of natural resources, water management, sustainable agriculture and political dynamics of development in the Palestinian Territories.
Borgund Municipality (Sogn og Fjordane)
Borgund is a former municipality in the old Sogn og Fjordane county, Norway. The 569-square-kilometre (220 sq mi) municipality existed from 1864 until its dissolution in 1964. The area is now part of Lærdal Municipality in the traditional district of Sogn in Vestland county. The administrative centre was the village of Steinklepp where there was a store, a bank, and a school. The village of Borgund was located just southwest of Steinklepp. The historical Filefjell Kongevegen road passes through the Borgund area.

Prior to its dissolution in 1964, the 569.1-square-kilometre (219.7 sq mi) municipality was the 170th largest by area out of the 689 municipalities in Norway. Borgund Municipality was the 678th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of about 501. The municipality's population density was 0.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (2.3/sq mi) and its population had increased by 10.1% over the previous 10-year period.

Prestegjeld
A prestegjeld was a geographic and administrative area within the Church of Norway (Den Norske Kirke) roughly equivalent to a parish. This traditional designation was in use for centuries to divide the kingdom into ecclesiastical areas that were led by a parish priest. Prestegjelds began in the 1400s and were officially discontinued in 2012.
Department of motor vehicles
A department of motor vehicles (DMV) is a government agency that administers motor vehicle registration and driver licensing. In countries with federal states such as in North America, these agencies are generally administered by subnational entities, while in unitary states such as many of those in Europe, DMVs are organized nationally by the central government.

Vehicle registration plate
A vehicle registration plate, also known as a number plate (British, Indian, Pakistani English and Australian English), license plate (American English) or licence plate (Canadian English), is a metal or plastic plate attached to a motor vehicle or trailer for official identification purposes. All countries require registration plates for commercial road vehicles such as cars, trucks, and motorcycles, for hire. Whether they are required for other vehicles, such as bicycles, boats, or tractors, may vary by jurisdiction. The registration identifier is a numeric or alphanumeric ID that uniquely identifies the vehicle or vehicle owner within the issuing region's vehicle register. In some countries, the identifier is unique within the entire country, while in others it is unique within a state or province. Whether the identifier is associated with a vehicle or a person also varies by issuing agency. There are also electronic license plates.
Carolans
Carolans Irish Cream is a liqueur made from a mixture of cream, Irish spirits, Irish whiskey and honey. It has a declared alcohol content of 17%, or 14.5% alcohol by volume. The liqueur is made by First Ireland Spirits in Abbeyleix, Co. Laois, in the Republic of Ireland.

In the 2016 US market, Carolans ranked third in the cream liqueur category behind Baileys Irish Cream and RumChata, and in 2017 it was in second place.

The Irish cream brand is owned by Heaven Hill of Bardstown, Kentucky, whose master distiller and distillery manager Conor O'Driscoll is originally from Dublin, Ireland.

RumChata
RumChata is a cream liqueur manufactured in Wisconsin. Its name is a portmanteau of rum and horchata; the liqueur was designed to taste like a mixture of the two.

It contains 13.75% or 15% alcohol by volume, depending on where it is sold.
Timeline of the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia (January–June 2021)
This article documents the chronology and epidemiology of SARS-CoV-2, the virus which causes the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and is responsible for the COVID-19 pandemic in Australia during the first half of 2021.

Howard Springs, Northern Territory
Howard Springs is a locality in the Northern Territory. It is located 29 kilometres (18 mi) SE of the Darwin CBD in the local government area of Litchfield Municipality. The suburb is mostly a rural area, but has been experiencing strong growth in population and development.
Tsion Gurmu
Tsion Gurmu (born 1988), is an Ethiopian-American attorney, writer, and researcher specializing in migration. She serves as the Legal Director of the Black Alliance for Just Immigration (BAJI), a national immigrant rights organization in the U.S. dedicated to people of African descent.

Gurmu is the Founder and Director of the Queer Black Immigrant Project (QBip), an initiative aims to address the legal and social needs of LGBTQIA+ Black migrants and highlighting global injustices of homophobia and anti-Black racism. She serves as a trusted advisor and board member, including with the Immigrant Legal Resource Center (ILRC) and the American Bar Association (ABA) Commission on Immigration.

New York University School of Law
40°43′49″N 73°59′58″W﻿ / ﻿40.73028°N 73.99944°W﻿ / 40.73028; -73.99944

The New York University School of Law (NYU Law) is the law school of New York University, a private research university in New York City.

Established in 1835, it was the first law school established in New York City and is the oldest extant law school in New York State and one of the oldest law schools in the United States. Located in Greenwich Village in Lower Manhattan, NYU Law grants J.D., LL.M., and J.S.D. degrees.

As of 2025, NYU Law's first-time bar passage rate is 96.6 percent, with an ultimate bar passage rate of 99.2 percent.
South African cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2006
The South Africa national cricket team toured Sri Lanka for cricket matches in the 2006 cricket season. South Africa played two Test matches against Sri Lanka, one warm-up first class game over three days against Sri Lanka A, and at least four One Day Internationals as part of a triangular series. Sri Lanka took the Test series 2–0 after winning the final Test by one wicket, their second successive home Test series win against South Africa after their win in 2004.

South African cricket team in Sri Lanka in 2004
The South Africa national cricket team toured Sri Lanka during the 2004 season, playing two Tests from 4 to 15 August 2004. South Africa was led by Graeme Smith while Sri Lanka was led by Marvan Atapattu. Sri Lanka won the Test series 1–0 with one match drawn.
Pakefield Lifeboat Station
Pakefield Lifeboat Station was located at various sites in Pakefield, a suburb of Lowestoft, on the Suffolk coast.

A lifeboat was first placed at Pakefield by the Suffolk Humane Society (SHS) in 1840. Management of the station was transferred to the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1855.

After 82 years of operation, Pakefield Lifeboat Station closed in 1922.

Aldeburgh Lifeboat Station
Aldeburgh Lifeboat Station is located on Crag Path in Aldeburgh, a town on the East coast of Suffolk.

A lifeboat station was first established at Aldeburgh by the Royal National Institute for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS) in 1851. The RNIPLS became the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI) in 1854.

The station currently operates the B-class (Atlantic 85) Inshore lifeboat Ralph (B-949), on service from 2025, and the smaller D-class (IB1) Inshore lifeboat Susan Scott (D-808), on station since 2017. The station covers the coast between Harwich to the south, and Southwold to the North.
Publilia gens
The gens Publilia (Pūblilia), sometimes written Poblilia or Poplilia, was a plebeian family at ancient Rome.  Members of this gens are first mentioned in the early decades of the Republic.  The lex Publilia passed by Volero Publilius, tribune of the plebs in 471 BC, was an important milestone in the struggle between the patrician and plebeian orders.  Although the Publilii appear throughout the history of the Republic, the family faded into obscurity around the time of the Samnite Wars, and never again achieved positions of prominence in the Roman state.

Praenomen
The praenomen (Classical Latin: [prae̯ˈnoːmɛn]; plural: praenomina) was a first name chosen by the parents of a Roman child. It was first bestowed on the dies lustricus (day of lustration), the eighth day after the birth of a girl, or the ninth day after the birth of a boy. The praenomen would then be formally conferred a second time when girls married, or when boys assumed the toga virilis upon reaching manhood. Although it was the oldest of the tria nomina commonly used in Roman naming conventions, by the late republic, most praenomina were so common that most people were called by their praenomina only by family or close friends. For this reason, although they continued to be used, praenomina gradually disappeared from public records during imperial times. Although both men and women received praenomina, women's praenomina were frequently ignored, and they were gradually abandoned by many Roman families, though they continued to be used in some families and in the countryside.
Castle season 7
The seventh season of American crime-comedy-drama television series Castle, was ordered on May 8, 2014, by ABC. The season premiered on September 29, 2014, in the United States on ABC, and the finale aired on May 11, 2015. The seventh season initially had 22 episodes. But on October 23, 2014, ABC ordered one more episode, resulting in an episode count of 23 episodes.

Castle (TV series)
Castle is an American crime mystery comedy-drama television series that aired on ABC for a total of eight seasons from March 9, 2009, to May 16, 2016. The series was produced by Beacon Pictures and ABC Studios.

Created by Andrew W. Marlowe, Castle primarily traces the lives of Richard Castle (Nathan Fillion), a best-selling mystery novelist, and Kate Beckett (Stana Katic), a homicide detective, as they solve various unusual crimes in New York City. Detective Beckett is initially infuriated at the thought of working with a writer and goes to great lengths to keep him out of her way. However, the two soon start developing feelings for each other. The overarching plot of the series focused on the romance between the two lead characters and their ongoing investigation of the murder of Beckett's mother.

On May 12, 2016, it was announced that despite some cast members signing one-year contracts for a potential ninth season, the show had been canceled.
Luzha
The Luzha (Russian: Лужа) is a river in Kaluga Oblast, Russia, which originates in Moscow Oblast. It is a right tributary of the Protva (in the Oka river basin). The Luzha has a length of 159 km (99 mi) and a drainage basin area of 1,400 km2 (540 sq mi). The Luzha freezes up in November (rarely in December) and breaks up in April. The town of Maloyaroslavets, the site of an important battle in 1812 during the French invasion of Russia, is located on the Luzha.

Oka (river)
The Oka (UK: /ˈɒkə/, US: /ˈoʊkə/; Russian: Ока IPA: [ɐˈka]) is a river in central Russia, the largest right tributary of the Volga. It flows through the regions of Oryol, Tula, Kaluga, Moscow, Ryazan, Vladimir and Nizhny Novgorod and is navigable over a large part of its total length, as far upstream as the town of Kaluga. Its length is 1,500 km (930 mi) and its catchment area 245,000 km2 (95,000 sq mi). The Russian capital Moscow sits on one of the Oka's tributaries—the Moskva, from which the capital's name is thought to be derived.
Karzzzz
Karzzzz (transl. Debt) is a 2008 Indian Hindi-language romance fantasy action film directed by Satish Kaushik. It stars Urmila Matondkar and Himesh Reshammiya. It is a remake of Karz (1980) and also inspired by The Reincarnation of Peter Proud.

The Reincarnation of Peter Proud
The Reincarnation of Peter Proud is a 1975 American psychological horror film directed by J. Lee Thompson, and starring Michael Sarrazin, Margot Kidder, and Jennifer O'Neill. It follows a university professor who, after experiencing a series of bizarre nightmares, comes to believe he is the reincarnation of someone else. It is based on the 1973 novel of the same title by Max Ehrlich, who adapted the screenplay and is also the final film production from Cinerama Releasing Corporation.
Input/Output Configuration Program
The Input/Output Configuration Program (IOCP) is a program developed by IBM for use on IBM mainframes. The IOCP is used to create and update configuration information for input/output devices stored on Input/Output Configuration Data Sets (IOCDS). It was released with the S/370-XA instruction set architecture made available in April 1983, which introduced a channel subsystem for managing I/O queuing, which was previously handled by the operating system.

Direct use of IOCP has been mostly superseded by the Hardware Configuration Definition (HCD) utility in ESA/390 and z/Architecture machines.

Z/Architecture
z/Architecture, initially and briefly called ESA Modal Extensions (ESAME), is IBM's 64-bit complex instruction set computer (CISC) instruction set architecture, implemented by its mainframe computers. IBM introduced its first z/Architecture-based system, the z900, in late 2000. Subsequent z/Architecture systems include the IBM z800, z990, z890, System z9, System z10, zEnterprise 196, zEnterprise 114, zEC12, zBC12, z13, z14, z15, z16, and z17.

z/Architecture retains backward compatibility with previous 32-bit-data/31-bit-addressing architecture ESA/390 and its predecessors back to the 32-bit-data/24-bit-addressing System/360. The IBM z13 is the last z Systems server to support running an operating system in ESA/390 architecture mode. However, all 24-bit and 31-bit problem-state application programs originally written to run on the ESA/390 architecture will be unaffected by this change.
Ace Tone
Ace Electronic Industries Inc., or Ace Tone, was a manufacturer of electronic musical instruments, including electronic organs, analogue drum machines, and electronic drums, as well as amplifiers and effects pedals. Founded in 1960 by Ikutaro Kakehashi with an investment by Sakata Shokai, Ace Tone can be considered an early incarnation of the Roland Corporation, which was also founded by Kakehashi. Ace Tone began manufacturing amplifiers in 1963.

Panasonic
Panasonic Holdings Corporation is a Japanese multinational electronics manufacturer, headquartered in Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. It was founded in 1918 as Matsushita Electric Housewares Manufacturing Works in the Fukushima ward of Osaka by Kōnosuke Matsushita. The company was incorporated in 1935 and renamed Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., and changed its name to Panasonic Corporation in 2008. In 2022, it reorganized as a holding company and adopted its current name.

In addition to consumer electronics, for which it was the world's largest manufacturer in the late 20th century, Panasonic produces a wide range of products and services, including rechargeable batteries, automotive and avionic systems, industrial equipment, as well as home renovation and construction. The company is listed on the Tokyo Stock Exchange and is a constituent of the Nikkei 225 and TOPIX 100 indices, with a secondary listing on the Nagoya Stock Exchange.