hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Soviet Union stamp catalogue
Soviet Union stamp catalogue (or CPA catalogue) is a national catalogue of the RSFSR and USSR postage stamps and miniature sheets, which was being published in the USSR by the “Soyuzpechat” Central Philatelic Agency (CPA) and some other publishers related to the Ministry of Communications. The catalogue usually republished in corpore around once in a 10–15 years. In between republications, additional issues came out every year. These issues contains descriptions of stamps and miniature sheets issued in USSR last year.

Ministry of Communications (Soviet Union)
The Ministry of Communications of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) (Russian: Министерство связи СССР) was the central state administration body on communications in the Soviet Union from 1923 to 1991. During its existence it had three names: People's Commissariat for Posts and Telegraphs (1923–32), People's Commissariat for Communications (1932–46) and Ministry of Communications (1946–1991). It had authority over the postal, telegraph and telephone communications as well as public radio, technical infrastructure of radio and television broadcasting, and the distribution of periodicals in the country.
Svislach, Mogilev region
Svislach (Belarusian: Сьвіслач; Russian: Свислочь, romanized: Svisloch; Yiddish: סוויסלאָוויטש, romanized: Svislovitsh) is an agrotown in Asipovichy District, Mogilev Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Svislach selsoviet. It is located on the confluence of the Svislach River, which is also its namesake. Svislach is located near the cities of Asipovichy and Babruysk. In 2010, its population was 678.

Prior to the destruction of the Jewish community during the Holocaust, it was home to a plurality Jewish population.

Asipovichy district
Asipovichy district or Asipovičy district (Belarusian: Асіповіцкі раён; Russian: Осиповичский район, romanized: Osipovichsky rayon) is a district (raion) of Mogilev region in Belarus. Its administrative center is the town of Asipovichy. In 2009, its population was 52,447; the population accounted for 62.0% of the district's population. As of 2024, it has a population of 43,365.
China-Canada Dinosaur Project
The China-Canada Dinosaur Project (Chinese: 中国-加拿大恐龙计划; Pinyin: Zhōngguó-jiānádà kǒnglóng jìhuà; also known as Sino-Canadian Dinosaur Project) was a six-year series of palaeontological expeditions carried out by scientists from China and Canada.

Dinosaur Provincial Park
Dinosaur Provincial Park is a UNESCO World Heritage Site situated 220 kilometres (137 mi) east of Calgary, Alberta, Canada; or 48 kilometres (30 mi) northeast of Brooks.

The park is situated in the Red Deer River valley, which is noted for its striking badland topography, and abundance of dinosaur fossils. The park is well-known for being one of the richest dinosaur fossil locales in the world. Fifty-eight dinosaur species have been discovered at the park and more than 500 specimens have been removed and exhibited in museums around the globe. The renowned fossil assemblage of nearly 500 species of life, from microscopic fern spores to large carnivorous dinosaurs, justified its becoming a World Heritage Site in 1979.
Đinh Tiên Hoàng Temple
Đinh Tiên Hoàng Temple (Vietnamese: Đền thờ Vua Đinh Tiên Hoàng) is a historic temple located in Trường Yên commune, Tây Hoa Lư ward, Ninh Bình province, Vietnam. It is dedicated to Emperor Đinh Tiên Hoàng (also known as Đinh Bộ Lĩnh), the founder of the Đinh dynasty, along with his parents, sons, and key generals. The temple is part of the ancient capital of Hoa Lư and is included in the Tràng An Scenic Landscape Complex, a UNESCO World Heritage Site recognized in 2014.

Đinh dynasty
The Đinh dynasty (Vietnamese: triều Đinh; Chữ Hán: 朝丁; or Vietnamese: Nhà Đinh; Chữ Nôm: 茹丁), officially Đại Cồ Việt (Chữ Hán: 大瞿越), was a Vietnamese dynasty. It was founded in 968 when Đinh Bộ Lĩnh vanquished the upheavals of Twelve warlords and ended when the son of Đinh Bộ Lĩnh, Đinh Toàn, ceded the throne to Lê Hoàn in 980.
CAF Civity
The CAF Civity is a family of regional passenger trains which is manufactured by Spanish rolling stock manufacturer Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles. Available as both diesel, electric and battery-electric multiple unit, the Civity was first launched in 2010 and received its first order two years later.

As of 2023, 251 Civity units have been constructed, with a further 261 on order. The United Kingdom is the largest customer of the platform with a total of 216 units ordered.

KeolisAmey Wales
Keolis Amey Operations (Welsh: Gweithrediadau Keolis Amey), trading as Transport for Wales Rail Services (TfW Rail Services) was a Welsh train operating company owned by Keolis (64%) and Amey (36%) that operated the Wales & Borders franchise between October 2018 and February 2021.

The Welsh Government body Transport for Wales awarded the contract for the Wales and Borders franchise to KeolisAmey in 2018 which commenced rail operations on 14 October 2018. KeolisAmey used the brand names Transport for Wales and TfW Rail (Welsh: Trafnidiaeth Cymru and TrC Trenau), which are owned by the Welsh Government, for day-to-day operations. The Welsh Government nationalised the franchise on 7 February 2021, transferring operations to Transport for Wales Rail, although Amey continues to provide an infrastructural role in the franchise, particularly on the South Wales Metro.
Saracen Cycles
Saracen Cycles, known simply as "Saracen" is a bicycle brand sold in the United Kingdom, Europe and Asia.  Originally based in Warwick, England, the company is best known for its range of mountain bikes.

Started in 1983, Saracen was a market leader during the early 1990s. In 2009, the brand was acquired by Madison, a significant distributor of bicycles, parts and accessories which in turn is part of the H. Young group of companies. Madison, based in Stanmore, Middlesex, also owns the Genesis and Ridgeback cycle brands. The Saracen brand is now operated out of Madison premises in Milton Keynes.

Genesis (bicycle company)
Founded in 2006, Genesis is a UK bike brand manufacturing adventure & gravel, road, urban/utility, e-bike and touring models.

Genesis is distributed by Sportline UK which is owned by H Young Holdings.
Liuboml Raion
Liuboml Raion (Ukrainian: Любомльський район) was a raion in Volyn Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center was the town of Liuboml. The raion was abolished and its territory was merged into Kovel Raion on 18 July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Volyn Oblast to four. The last estimate of the raion population was 38,578 (2020 est.)

Kovel Raion
Kovel Raion (Ukrainian: Ковельський район) is a raion (district) in Volyn Oblast in western Ukraine. Its administrative center is Kovel. Population: 265,304 (2022 estimate).

On 18 July 2020, as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, the number of raions of Volyn Oblast was reduced to four, and the area of Kovel Raion was significantly expanded.

The district is divided into 23 territorial communities.

The January 2020 estimate of the raion population was 40,395 (2020 est.).
Cleehill
Cleehill is a village in south Shropshire, England. It is sometimes written as Clee Hill Village (including the road sign entering the village) to avoid confusion. It lies in the civil parish of Caynham. The market towns of Ludlow and Cleobury Mortimer are both 5.5 miles (8.9 km) distant, Ludlow to the west and Cleobury to the east.

It lies on the slope of Titterstone Clee Hill and, lying between 1,120 feet (340 m) and 1,250 feet (380 m) above sea level, it is one of the highest settlements in the county.

Cleobury Mortimer
Cleobury Mortimer (/ˈklɪbri/, KLIH-bree) is a market town and civil parish in southeastern Shropshire, England, which had a population of 3,036 at the 2011 census. It was granted a market charter by King Henry III in 1226.
Sigma Octantis
Sigma Octantis is a solitary star in the Octans constellation that forms the pole star of the Southern Hemisphere. Its name is also written as σ Octantis, abbreviated as Sigma Oct or σ Oct, and it is officially named Polaris Australis (/poʊˈlɛərɪs ɔːˈstreɪlɪs/). The star is positioned one degree away from the southern celestial pole of the Southern Hemisphere, lying in a nearly opposite direction to the North Star on the celestial sphere.

Located approximately 294 light-years from Earth, it is classified as a subgiant with a spectral type of F0 IV. Sigma Octantis has an apparent magnitude of 5.5, but is slightly variable and is classified as a Delta Scuti variable.

Southern celestial hemisphere
The southern celestial hemisphere, also called the Southern Sky, is the southern half of the celestial sphere; that is, it lies south of the celestial equator. This arbitrary sphere, on which seemingly fixed stars form constellations, appears to rotate westward around a polar axis as the Earth rotates.

At all times, the entire Southern Sky is visible from the geographic South Pole; less of the Southern Sky is visible the further north the observer is located. The northern counterpart is the northern celestial hemisphere.
Leiningen, Germany
Leiningen (German pronunciation: [ˈlaɪnɪŋən]) is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis (district) in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Hunsrück-Mittelrhein, whose seat is in Emmelshausen.

Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis
Rhein-Hunsrück-Kreis is a district (German: Kreis) in the middle of Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. The neighbouring districts are (from north clockwise) Mayen-Koblenz, Rhein-Lahn, Mainz-Bingen, Bad Kreuznach, Birkenfeld, Bernkastel-Wittlich, Cochem-Zell.
The Climber (album)
The Climber is the seventh solo album by Judge Smith, and after Curly's Airships (2000) his second "songstory". It is vocal music, accompanied by a double bass. The album is sung by Smith and a male-voice choir called The Fløyen Voices.

Curly's Airships
Curly's Airships is a double CD by Judge Smith, released in October 2000. Smith regards the album as a new form of narrative rock music, which he calls "songstory". Curly's Airships tells about the R101 airship, crashing in France during its maiden overseas voyage in 1930. Amongst many others, Peter Hammill, Hugh Banton, Arthur Brown, David Jackson, John Ellis and Pete Brown perform on the project.

Smith believes that the 2 hr 20 min work might be one of the largest and most ambitious single piece of rock music ever recorded.
FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2017
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships 2017 was the 40th World Championships in nordic skiing and took place in Lahti, Finland from 22 February to 5 March 2017. This was the seventh time the event has been held there, having previously been held in 1926, 1938, 1958, 1978, 1989 and 2001.

FIS Nordic World Ski Championships
The FIS Nordic World Ski Championships is a biennial Nordic skiing event organized by the International Ski Federation (FIS). The World Championships was started in 1924 for men and opened for women's participation in 1954. World Championship events include Nordic skiing's three disciplines: cross-country skiing, ski jumping, and Nordic combined (the latter being a combination sport consisting of both cross-country and ski jumping). The Winter Olympics from 1924 to 1980 were also the Nordic World Ski Championships. This meant that the Olympic champions were also World champions and received an additional medal from the International Ski Federation (FIS). Since 1985, the World Championships have been held in odd-numbered years.
Laon (deity)
Laon (meaning "the ancient one"), is a pre-colonial female supreme creator deity in the animist anito beliefs of the Visayan peoples in the Philippines. She is associated with creation, agriculture, the sky, and divine justice. Her domain is usually identified with the volcano Kanlaon: 154  of the island of Negros, the highest peak in the Visayas Islands. She is present in the pre-colonial beliefs of the Aklanon, Capiznon, Cebuano, Hiligaynon, Karay-a, Suludnon, and Waray people, among others. Her name is variously rendered as Lahon, Lalaon (or Lalahon), Lauon, Malaon, Raom, and Laonsina (or Alunsina) among the different Visayan groups.

Mayon
Mayon (Central Bikol: Bulkan Mayon; Tagalog: Bulkang Mayon, IPA: [mɐ'jɔn]), also known as Mount Mayon and Mayon Volcano, is an active stratovolcano in the province of Albay in Bicol, Philippines. A popular tourist destination, it is renowned for its "perfect cone" owing to its symmetric conical shape, and is regarded as sacred in Philippine mythology.

The volcano with its surrounding landscape was declared a national park on July 20, 1938, the first in the nation. It was reclassified as a natural park and renamed the Mayon Volcano Natural Park in 2000. It is the centerpiece of the Albay Biosphere Reserve as declared by UNESCO in 2016, and is currently being nominated as a World Heritage Site.

Mayon is the most active volcano in the Philippines, and its activity is regularly monitored by the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) from their provincial headquarters on Ligñon Hill, about 12 kilometers (7.5 mi) from the summit.
Pacoima Wash
Pacoima Wash, 33 miles (53 km) long, is a major tributary of the Tujunga Wash, itself a tributary of the Los Angeles River, in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles County, California.

The stream begins at Mount Gleason, elevation: 6,502 ft (1,982 m), in the western San Gabriel Mountains of the Angeles National Forest. The upper reaches, sometimes known as Pacoima Creek, flow through Pacoima Canyon as a rapid mountain stream. It then reaches the Pacoima Dam Reservoir in the western San Gabriel Mountains of the Angeles National Forest and proceeds south in a free-flowing stream alongside Pacoima Trail Road. Below the dam, it is generally known as the Pacoima Wash. From there, it joins several other unnamed streams that drain the nearby mountains, collecting at Lopez Dam. South of that dam, Pacoima Wash is encased in a concrete flood control channel, and travels south from Kagel Canyon in Sylmar though San Fernando, Pacoima, Mission Hills, Panorama City, and Van Nuys.

Van Nuys
Van Nuys (/væn ˈnaɪz/ ⓘ van NYZE) is a neighborhood in the central San Fernando Valley region of Los Angeles, California, United States. Home to Van Nuys Airport and the Valley Municipal Building, it is the most populous neighborhood in the San Fernando Valley.
2022 Dwars door het Hageland
The 2022 Dwars door het Hageland was the 17th edition of the Dwars door het Hageland road cycling one-day race, which was held on 11 June 2022 in the Belgian province of Flemish Brabant. It was a 1.Pro event on the 2022 UCI ProSeries calendar.

2022 UCI ProSeries
The 2022 UCI ProSeries is the third season of the UCI ProSeries, the second tier road cycling tour, below the UCI World Tour, but above the various regional UCI Continental Circuits.

The original calendar consisted of 56 events, of which 30 are one-day races (1.Pro), and 26 are stage races (2.Pro). There are 47 events in Europe, six in Asia, two in the United States, and one in Argentina.
Hellespontus Montes
The Hellespontus Montes is a mountain range on Mars. It stretches 711 km from north to south. It is in the Noachis quadrangle and the southeasternmost area of Noachis Terra, and is located midway between the highland area of Noachis and the impact basin Hellas Planitia. The mountains are named after a Classical albedo feature.

Noachis Terra
Noachis Terra (/ˈnoʊəkɪs/; lit. "Land of Noah") is an extensive southern landmass (terra) of the planet Mars.  It lies west of the giant Hellas impact basin, roughly between the latitudes −20° and −80° and longitudes 30° west and 30° east, centered on 45°S 350°E﻿ / ﻿45°S 350°E﻿ / -45; 350.  It is in the Noachis quadrangle.

The term "Noachian epoch" is derived from this region.
Perothops
Perothops is a genus of false click beetles in the family Eucnemidae containing 3 species. They are known as beech-tree beetles or perothopid beetles. They are small as they are only 10–18 millimeters long. It is the only genus in the monotypic subfamily Perothopinae. They are dark-colored beetles that are found across the United States, generally in forests. The genus was discovered by Johann Friedrich von Eschscholtz in 1836. It used to be considered a family not part of Eucnemidae. The genus's name is from Greek, translating to "maimed/crippled eye" or "eye of little necklaces/bands", referring to the placement of perothopid eyes.

Prothorax
The prothorax is the foremost of the three segments in the thorax of an insect, and bears the first pair of legs. Its principal sclerites (exoskeletal plates) are the pronotum (dorsal), the prosternum (ventral), and the propleuron (lateral) on each side. The prothorax never bears wings in extant insects (except in some cases of atavism), though some fossil groups possessed wing-like projections. All adult insects possess legs on the prothorax, though in a few groups (e.g., the butterfly family Nymphalidae) the forelegs are greatly reduced. In many groups of insects, the pronotum is reduced in size, but in a few it is hypertrophied, such as in all beetles (Coleoptera). In most treehoppers (family Membracidae, order Hemiptera), the pronotum is expanded into often fantastic shapes that enhance their camouflage or mimicry. Similarly, in the Tetrigidae, the pronotum is extended backward to cover the flight wings, supplanting the function of the tegmina.
68th United States Congress
The 68th United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, consisting of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, D.C., from March 4, 1923, to March 4, 1925, during the last months of Warren G. Harding's presidency, and the first years of the administration of his successor, Calvin Coolidge. The apportionment of seats in the House of Representatives was based on the 1910 United States census.

Both chambers maintained a Republican majority—albeit greatly reduced from the previous Congress and with losing supermajority status in the House—and along with President Harding, the Republicans maintained an overall federal government trifecta.

United States House Committee on the Judiciary
The United States House Committee on the Judiciary, also called the House Judiciary Committee, is a standing committee of the United States House of Representatives. It is charged with overseeing the administration of justice within the federal courts, federal administrative agencies, and federal law enforcement entities. The Judiciary Committee is often involved in the impeachment process against federal officials. Because of the legal nature of its oversight, committee members usually have a legal background, but this is not required.

In the 119th Congress, the chair of the committee is Republican Jim Jordan of Ohio, and the ranking minority member is Democrat Jamie Raskin of Maryland.
Fajr International Theater Festival
Fajr International Theater Festival (est. 1983) is Iran's most important stage festival which occurs annually in Iran, featuring local and international theatrical works and performers. Among the participants: el-Warsha (Egypt) and Teatro Potlatch (Italy). Some of the events take place in the Tehran City Theater.

This festival has a competitive form and contains different sections including International performances, local staging, playwriting, radio performances, street theater, theater photography, etc.

Ministry of Culture, Performing Arts Center, ITI, Theater Forum, The House of Iranian Artists, etc. are main performers of this international theater festival.

City Theater of Tehran
The City Theater (Persian: تئاتر شهر, romanized: Teātr-e Šahr) is a performing arts complex in Tehran, the capital of Iran. It was built with the initiative of Shahbanu Farah Pahlavi under the rule of Mohammad Reza Pahlavi, the last Shah of Iran.

It contains several performance spaces, including the halls of Cheharsou, Qashqai, Sayeh, the performance studio, and the main hall. The complex was designed by architect Ali Sardar Afkhami in the 1960s, and opened in 1972. After the 1979 Iranian Revolution, the Ministry of Culture and Islamic Guidance has overseen its operation. City Theater of Tehran is closed on Saturdays.
Broadhembury
Broadhembury is a village and civil parish in the East Devon district of Devon, England, 5 miles (8 km) north-west of Honiton.

The civil parish includes the hamlets of Kerswell, Dulford, Crammer Barton, Colliton and Luton, all to the west of the village.  According to the 2001 census the civil parish had a population of 654. Broadhembury is part of the electoral ward of Tale Vale. The total population of this ward at the 2011 Census was 2,514.  It is within the Blackdown Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

East Devon
50°40′44″N 3°14′20″W﻿ / ﻿50.679°N 3.239°W﻿ / 50.679; -3.239

East Devon is a local government district in Devon, England. Its council is based in the town of Honiton, although Exmouth is the largest town. The district also contains the towns of Axminster, Budleigh Salterton, Cranbrook, Ottery St Mary, Seaton and Sidmouth, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.

The district borders Teignbridge and the City of Exeter to the west, Mid Devon to the north, Somerset to the north-east, and Dorset to the east.

Two parts of the district are designated as Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty: the Blackdown Hills in the north of the district and the East Devon AONB along the district's coast and adjoining areas. The East Devon coastline from Exmouth to the border with Dorset is also part of the designated World Heritage Site of the Jurassic Coast; the designated area continues into Dorset as far as the Old Harry Rocks near Swanage.
2013 Lima Challenger
The 2013 Lima Challenger was a professional tennis tournament played on clay courts. It was the seventh edition of the tournament which was part of the 2013 ATP Challenger Tour. It took place in Lima, Peru between 11 and 17 November 2013.

Lima Challenger
The Lima Challenger (first edition) or the Igma Open  (second edition, previously the DirecTV Open Lima), is a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor red clay courts. It is currently part of the ATP Challenger Tour and is held annually in Lima, Peru, since 2000. As of 2024 (in its 13th edition since 2012), it is the fourth longest running active South American Challenger tournament, only behind Montevideo (20), Guayaquil (20), Santiago (18), and tied with Campinas (13).
Artin's theorem on induced characters
In group representation theory, a branch of mathematics, Artin's theorem on induced characters, introduced by E. Artin, states that a character on a finite group is a rational linear combination of characters induced from all cyclic subgroups of the group.

There is a similar but in some sense more precise theorem due to Brauer, which says that the theorem remains true if "rational" and "cyclic subgroup" are replaced with "integer" and "elementary subgroup".

Induced representation
In group theory, the induced representation is a representation of a group, G, which is constructed using a known representation of a subgroup H. Given a representation of H, the induced representation is, in a sense, the "most general" representation of G that extends the given one. Since it is often easier to find representations of the smaller group H than of G, the operation of forming induced representations is an important tool to construct new representations.

Induced representations were initially defined by Frobenius, for linear representations of finite groups. The idea is by no means limited to the case of finite groups, but the theory in that case is particularly well-behaved.