hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Twigworth
Twigworth is a small village near Gloucester in the Borough of Tewkesbury, Gloucestershire, England. The population of Twigworth Parish was 340 people in mid-2014 in 170 households. A housing development called "Twigworth Green" has been planned by three housing groups, Bloor Homes, Linden Homes and Bovis Homes, which includes a primary school and a secondary school.

The place name Twigworth is thought to derive from a personal name, Twicga, so an enclosure belonging to Twicga. The name was first recorded as Tuiggewrthe in 1216.

Borough of Tewkesbury
The Borough of Tewkesbury is a local government district with borough status in Gloucestershire, England. The borough is named after its largest town, Tewkesbury where the council is based. The district also includes the town of Winchcombe and numerous villages including Bishops Cleeve, Ashchurch, Churchdown, Innsworth and Brockworth as well as other hamlets and surrounding rural areas. Parts of the district lie within the Cotswolds Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty.

The neighbouring districts are Cotswold, Cheltenham, Stroud, Gloucester, Forest of Dean, Malvern Hills and Wychavon.
Piz Ravetsch
Piz Ravetsch is a mountain in the Lepontine Alps, located in the Swiss canton of Graubünden near the border with Ticino. Piz Ravetsch is the highest summit of the range that separates Val Maighels and the valley of Lake Curnera. A relatively large glacier, named Glatscher da Maighels lies over its western flanks.

Lai da Curnera
Lai da Curnera is a reservoir on the river Rein da Curnera in the municipality of Tujetsch, in the Grisons, Switzerland. The reservoir is linked to Lai da Sontga Maria and Lai da Nalps in the neighboring valley. The lake's volume is 41.1 million cubic metres (33,300 acre⋅ft) and its surface area 81 ha (200 acres).

All surrounding rivers are diverted into the reservoir, among them the Rein da Tuma, coming from Lai da Tuma (Tomasee), near the Oberalp Pass and known as the source of the river Rhine. The Vorderrhein, or Anterior Rhine as the Rhine is called in this area, passes just about 2 kilometers north to the barrier of the lake. A multiday trekking route is signposted along the young Rhine called Senda Sursilvana, from where the barrier can be spotted easily.
Doug Morency
Doug Morency is a Canadian actor and comedian who was a member of The Second City comedy troupe and The Williamson Playboys. He played Al Gore in a comedy show about global warming called An Inconvenient Musical.

Morency has won three Canadian Comedy Awards; two for Best Male Improviser (2003 and 2005) and one for Best Comedic Play in 2004.

The Second City
The Second City is an improvisational comedy enterprise. It is the oldest improvisational theater troupe to be continuously based in Chicago, with training programs and live theaters in Toronto and New York. Since its debut in 1959, it has become one of the most influential and renowned in the English-speaking world. In February 2021, ZMC, a private equity investment firm based in Manhattan, purchased the Second City.

The Second City has produced television programs in both Canada and the United States, including SCTV, Second City Presents, and Next Comedy Legend. It has been a starting point for many comedians, award-winning actors, directors, and others in show business, including Joan Rivers, Alan Alda, Harold Ramis, Bill Murray, John Candy, John Belushi, Dan Aykroyd, Eugene Levy, Catherine O'Hara, Chris Farley, Mike Myers, Steve Carell, Tina Fey, Amy Poehler, Stephen Colbert and Jason Sudeikis.
NRP Dão
NRP Dão was one of five Douro-class destroyer built for the Portuguese Navy during the 1930s. She remained in service until 1960, being refitted and re-armed several times and taking place in a coup attempt in 1936.

Douro-class destroyer
The Douro class destroyers consisted of five ships used by the Portuguese Navy (Marinha Portuguesa) and two used by the Colombian Navy (Armada de la República de Colombia), all built during the 1930s. Note that in Portugal, this class of destroyers is usually referred to as the Vouga class, with the term Douro class being usually employed to designate the previous class of Portuguese destroyers also known as Guadiana class.
Köflach railway line
The Köflach railway line (German: Köflacherbahn) is a standard gauge railway line in the province of Styria in Austria. It runs 40.2 kilometres (25.0 mi) from a junction with the Southern railway line at Graz Hauptbahnhof to Köflach. Graz-Köflacher Bahn und Busbetrieb (GKB) owns and operates the line.

Southern Railway (Austria)
The Southern Railway (German: Südbahn) is a railway in Austria that runs from Vienna to Graz and the border with Slovenia at Spielfeld via Semmering and Bruck an der Mur. Along with the Spielfeld-Straß–Trieste railway (lying largely in Slovenia), it forms part of the Austrian Southern Railway that connected Vienna with Trieste, the main seaport of the Austro-Hungarian Monarchy, via Ljubljana. A main obstacle in its construction was getting over the Semmering Pass over the Northern Limestone Alps. The twin-track, electrified section that runs through the current territory of Austria is owned and operated by Austrian Federal Railways (ÖBB) and is one of the major lines in the country.
24 Caprices for Violin (Rode)
The 24 Caprices for Violin, Op. 22, composed in the early nineteenth century by Pierre Rode, are a series of 24 caprices for solo violin. They cycle through the circle of fifths, presenting each major key and then its relative minor. They were first published in 1813.

Violinists often use these caprices in training to develop technique.

Capriccio (music)
A capriccio or caprice (sometimes plural: caprices, capri or, in Italian, capricci), is a piece of music, usually fairly free in form and of a lively character. The typical capriccio is one that is fast, intense, and often virtuosic in nature.

The term has been applied in disparate ways, covering works using many different procedures and forms, as well as a wide variety of vocal and instrumental forces. The earliest occurrence of the term was in 1561 by Jacquet de Berchem and applied to a set of madrigals. In the late 16th and early 17th centuries, it could refer to madrigals, music intended alternatively for voices or instruments, or strictly instrumental pieces, especially keyboard compositions.
Justin Lawrence (fighter)
Justin Ray Lawrence (born May 15, 1990) is an American former professional mixed martial artist who used to compete in the Featherweight division of Bellator MMA. A professional MMA competitor since 2010, Lawrence has also formerly competed for the UFC, Strikeforce, the RFA, and was a competitor on FX's The Ultimate Fighter: Live.

Featherweight (MMA)
The featherweight division in mixed martial arts refers to different weight classes:

The UFC's featherweight division, which groups competitors within 136–145 lb (61.7-65.8 kg)

The Shooto's featherweight division, which limits competitors to 135 lb (61.2 kg)

The ONE Championship's featherweight division, with upper limit at 70.3 kg (155.0 lb)

The Road FC's featherweight division, with upper limit at 145 lb (65.5 kg)
Altyn-Tagh
Altyn-Tagh, also called the Altun Mountains, is a mountain range in northwestern China that separates the eastern Tarim Basin from the Tibetan Plateau. The western third is wholly within Xinjiang, while the eastern part forms the border between Qinghai to the south, and Xinjiang and Gansu to the north.

Altun Shan, i.e. Altun Mountain, is also the name of a 5,830 metres (19,130 ft) mountain near the eastern end of the range, the highest point in Gansu.

Lake Ayakkum
Ayakkum Lake (Chinese: 阿雅克库木湖; Uyghur: ئاياققۇم كۆلى‎) is a lake near the northern boundary of the Tibetan Plateau, to the southeast of the Kunlun Mountains. While many of the small glacier and snowmelt-fed streams on the Plateau give rise to major South-east Asian rivers (including the Mekong and Yangtze), some empty into saline lakes such as Lake Ayakkum. The lake is growing because of increased flows from small glacier- and snowmelt-fed streams.
Moredun Research Institute
The Moredun Research Institute is a scientific research institution based at the Pentlands Science Park, in the Bush Estate area of Midlothian, Scotland. It conducts research into diseases of farm livestock and the promotion of animal health and welfare.

Moredun employs over 200 vets, scientists and support staff, that are funded primarily by the Scottish Government. The Institute received £7.1 million from the government in 2010–11.

Animal science
Animal science is described as "studying the biology of animals that are under the control of humankind". It can also be described as the production and management of farm animals. Historically, the degree was called animal husbandry and the animals studied were livestock species, like ruminant animals such as; cattle, sheep and goat, non-ruminant such as; pigs, poultry, rabbit, snails and horses are studied. Today, courses available look at a broader area, including companion animals, like dogs and cats, and many exotic species. Degrees in Animal Science are offered at a number of colleges and universities. Animal science degrees are often offered at land-grant universities, which will often have on-campus farms to give students hands-on experience with livestock animals.
Jackie Buscarino
Jacqueline "Jackie" Buscarino is an American voice actress, writer and producer. She has contributed voice-over work to animated series such as The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack, Adventure Time and Gravity Falls. She was the producer of the Cartoon Network series Steven Universe and its sequel Steven Universe Future, where she also voiced Vidalia. Buscarino also starred in the lead role as Jackie in the 2003 independent live action film My Life with Morrissey.

Alongside Justin Roiland and Ryan Ridley, she co-hosted The Grandma's Virginity Podcast.  The first guest she invited on the podcast was Kent Osborne.

Kent Osborne
Kent Matthew Osborne (born August 30, 1969) is an American animator, writer, producer, director, and actor. He has worked for such animated television shows as SpongeBob SquarePants, Camp Lazlo, Phineas and Ferb, The Marvelous Misadventures of Flapjack, Adventure Time, Regular Show and The Amazing World of Gumball, he has received multiple Emmy Award nominations and has won twice for Adventure Time (in 2015 and 2017). He was the head writer for the Cartoon Network animated series Summer Camp Island, which premiered in 2018, and is also co-producer and story editor for the Disney Channel animated series Kiff. He has also starred in several mumblecore films, including Hannah Takes the Stairs, Nights and Weekends, All the Light in the Sky and Uncle Kent (in the title role). His brother is the director Mark Osborne. Osborne had replaced Walt Dohrn as a storyboard director and writer after Dohrn left SpongeBob to work on more DreamWorks films in 2002.
Naser Kalantari
Naser Kalantari (Persian: ناصر کلانتری, born September 1, 1982) is an Iranian professional mixed martial artist, who competes in the Welterweight division in SBC. In the SBC47 event, he won in the co-main event in the city of Sombor, Serbia, over Dževad Muftić from Bosnia and Herzegovina. A professional competitor since 2015, Kalantari has won five matches out of his seven professional matches. He has won a silver medal at the 2016 Pankration Asian Championships, a gold medal and a bronze medal at the 2017 Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu World Championships, a gold medal at the 2017 Pankration World Championships, a silver medal and a bronze medal at the 2019 Hokutoryu Ju-Jutsu World Championships, a silver medal and a bronze medal at the 2022 Combat Ju-Jutsu European Championships, and two silver medals at the 2022 Combat Ju-Jutsu Asian Championships in Uzbekistan.

Welterweight (MMA)
The welterweight division in mixed martial arts contains different weight classes:

The UFC's welterweight division, which groups competitors within 156 to 170 lb (71 to 77 kg)

The ONE Championship's welterweight division, with upper limit at 83.9 kg (185.0 lb)
Joe Pennachetti
Joseph Peter James Pennachetti is Canadian public servant who served as the city manager for the City of Toronto from 2008 to 2015. He is presently the chair of the Ontario Clean Water Agency (OCWA) board of directors.

Pennachetti is a senior fellow at the Munk School of Global Affairs and Public Policy's Institute on Municipal Finance and Governance (IMFG) at the University of Toronto.

Toronto City Manager
The Toronto city manager is the most senior civil servant in the City of Toronto's administrative structure and the head of the Toronto Public Service. Appointed by the mayor of Toronto, the city manager is responsible for providing advice to Toronto City Council and implementing its decisions. The position is statutorily known as the chief administrative officer (CAO), which was also the title used in Toronto until city manager was adopted in 2005.

Paul Johnson has been the city manager since December 2, 2022. Johnson was appointed by Mayor John Tory, and previously worked for the City of Hamilton, before joining the City of Toronto as a deputy city manager in 2021.
Chronology of Towson University
This is a timeline of major events and changes related to Towson University and its predecessor institutions Maryland State Normal School (1866–1935), Maryland State Teachers College at Towson (1935–1963), Towson State College (1963–1976), and Towson State University (1976–1997).

Towson University
Towson University (TU or Towson) is a public university in Towson, Maryland, United States. Founded in 1866 as Maryland's first training school for teachers, Towson University is a part of the University System of Maryland. Since its founding, the university has evolved into eight subsidiary colleges with over 20,000 students. Its 329-acre campus is situated in Baltimore County, Maryland, eight miles north of downtown Baltimore. Towson is one of the largest public universities in Maryland and produces the most teachers of any university in the state.
2013 USAC Traxxas Silver Crown Series
The 2013 USAC Traxxas Silver Crown Champ Car Series season was the 42nd season of the USAC Silver Crown Series. The series began with the Sumar Classic at the Terre Haute Action Track on April 28, and ended on September 21 at the Four Crown Nationals at Eldora Speedway. Bobby East began the season as the defending champion retained his title.

United States Auto Club
The United States Auto Club (USAC) is one of the sanctioning bodies of auto racing in the United States. From 1956 to 1979, USAC sanctioned the United States National Championship, and from 1956 to 1997 the organization sanctioned the Indianapolis 500. USAC serves as the sanctioning body for a number of racing series, including the Silver Crown Series, National Sprint Cars, National Midgets, Speed2 Midget Series, .25 Midget Series, Stadium Super Trucks, and GT World Challenge America. Seven-time USAC champion Levi Jones is USAC's Competition Director.
Lake Forest Academy
Lake Forest Academy (also known as LFA) is a co-educational college preparatory school for boarding and day students in grades 9 through 12. The school is located on the North Shore in Lake Forest, Illinois, United States, about 30 miles north of Chicago. As of the 2019–2020 school year, the school enrolled 435 students, with the students coming from 13 states and 35 countries. This school is among the most selective boarding schools in the United States. The current head of school is Tom Johnson. The school is accredited by the National Association of Independent Schools (NAIS), Independent Schools Association of the Central States (ISACS), and the Secondary School Admission Test Board (SSATB).

Elmer E. Ellsworth
Elmer Ephraim Ellsworth (April 11, 1837 – May 24, 1861) was a United States Army officer, close personal friend of the 16th President of the United States Abraham Lincoln, and law clerk who was the first conspicuous casualty and the first Union officer to die in the American Civil War. He was killed while removing a Confederate flag from the roof of the Marshall House in Alexandria, Virginia. He was later buried in his hometown of Mechanicville, New York on May 27, 1861 in Hudson View Cemetery in a family plot.

Before the war, Ellsworth led a touring military drill team, the "Zouave Cadets of Chicago". He was a close personal friend of Abraham Lincoln. After his death, Lincoln ordered Ellsworth's body to lay in state in the East Room of the White House. The phrase "Remember Ellsworth" became a rallying cry and call to arms for the Union Army.
Chillstep
Chillstep is a subgenre of dubstep with a softer, melodic, and atmospheric sound, combined with the heavy bass and rhythms of traditional dubstep. It combines elements of ambient music, chillout, and downtempo electronic styles, mostly featuring ethereal vocals and relaxed tempos, typically around 120–140 beats per minute. Chillstep emerged in the late 2000s, primarily in the United Kingdom, as producers sought to create a more soothing alternative to the aggressive, heavy sound of mainstream dubstep.

Downtempo
Downtempo (or downbeat) is a broad label for electronic music that features an atmospheric sound and slower beats than would typically be found in dance music (downtempo tracks are usually around 90 BPM). Closely related to ambient music but with greater emphasis on rhythm, the style may be played in relaxation clubs or as "warm-up or cool-down" music during a DJ set. Examples of downtempo subgenres include trip hop, ambient house, chillwave, psybient and lofi hip hop.

The style emerged in the late 1980s with the UK's Bristol scene that birthed artists like Massive Attack, Portishead, and Tricky. In the 1990s, the style was heard internationally in artists such as Hooverphonic, Kruder & Dorfmeister, Fila Brazillia, and Thievery Corporation. Other prominent artists to emerge in the style include Underworld, Orbital, Fluke, Boards of Canada, Nicolas Jaar, and Bonobo.
Strub Stakes
The Strub Stakes is an American race for thoroughbred horses run at Santa Anita Park in Arcadia, California, each year.

Currently a Grade II stakes race with a purse of $200,000, it is for four-year-olds, at one and one-eighth miles on Santa Anita Park's dirt track. Run in early February, the race is the third leg of Santa Anita Park's Strub Series.

Inaugurated in 1948 as the Santa Anita Maturity, the name was changed to the Charles H. Strub Stakes in 1963 in honor of Charles H. Strub (1884–1958) who built and owned Santa Anita Park. In 1994 the billing was shortened to the Strub Stakes to honor both Dr. Strub and Dr. Strub's son, Robert P. Strub, who succeeded Dr. Strub as CEO at Santa Anita and had died the previous May.

From 1948 to 1969 and from 1971 to 1997 the race was contested at 1+1⁄4 miles.

Santa Anita Park
Santa Anita Park is a Thoroughbred racetrack in Arcadia, California, United States. It offers some of the prominent horse racing events in the United States during early fall, winter and in spring. The track is home to numerous prestigious races, including both the Santa Anita Derby and the Santa Anita Handicap. It has also hosted the year-end Breeders' Cup races eleven times, more than any other racetrack. In 1984, Santa Anita was the site of equestrian events at the 1984 Olympics and will host once again in 2028. Since 2011, the Stronach Group are the current owners.
Shard Bridge
Shard Bridge is a bridge in Lancashire, England. It spans the River Wyre, connecting Singleton, on the southern side of the river (in the Borough of Wyre), to Hambleton on its northern side (in the Borough of Fylde), carrying both automotive and pedestrian traffic of the A588 Shard Road. The word shard is a Roman term for "low crossing point on a river".

The original bridge was authorised by the Shard Bridge Act 1862, and built in 1864, and it went on to replace a ferry service between Cockle Hall and Wardleys Creek further downstream to the west.

The bridge was moved a few yards downstream in 1993, when the third iteration was constructed.

Formerly a toll bridge, it is now a free municipal crossing.

Hambleton, Lancashire
Hambleton is a village and civil parish in the English county of Lancashire. It is situated on a coastal plain called the Fylde and in an area east of the River Wyre known locally as Over Wyre. Hambleton lies approximately 3 miles (4.8 km) north-east of its post town, Poulton-le-Fylde, and about 7 miles (11 km) north-east of the seaside resort of Blackpool. In the 2001 United Kingdom census, the parish had a population of 2,678, increasing to 2,744 at the 2011 census.

Hambleton is part of the Borough of Wyre.
Baeda Maryam I
Baeda Maryam I (Ge'ez: በእደ ማርያም; Bäˀəda Maryam, meaning "He who is in the hand of Mary"; 1448 – 8 November 1478), otherwise known as Cyriacus was Emperor of Ethiopia from 1468 to 1478, and a member of the Solomonic dynasty. His reign was characterized by a number of military campaigns, most notably against the Dobe'a who lived along the western escarpment of the Ethiopian Highlands.

Solomonic dynasty
The Solomonic dynasty was the ruling dynasty of the Ethiopian Empire from the thirteenth to twentieth centuries. The dynasty was founded by Yekuno Amlak, who overthrew the Zagwe dynasty in 1270. He was descended from the legendary king Menelik I, the son of the biblical King Solomon and the Queen of Sheba of the Davidic line. The Solomonic dynasty remained in power until 1974, when its last emperor Haile Selassie was overthrown by a coup d'état.
Parachiloglanis bhutanensis
Parachiloglanis bhutanensis, also known as the Khaling torrent catfish, is a species of catfish in the family Sisoridae first described in 2014. Prior to its discovery, the genus Parachiloglanis was considered monotypic.

Sisoridae
Sisoridae is a family of catfishes. These Asian catfishes live in fast-moving waters and often have adaptations that allow them to adhere to objects in their habitats. The family includes about 235 species.
Jung Jae-sung
Jung Jae-sung (also spelled Chung Jae-sung; Korean: 정재성; Hanja: 鄭在成; Korean pronunciation: [tɕʌŋ.dʑɛ̝.sʌŋ]; 25 August 1982 – 9 March 2018) was a South Korean professional badminton player who specialized in men's doubles.

Together with his partner Lee Yong-dae, Jung spent forty weeks as World No. 1 in the men's doubles discipline between 2009 and 2012, winning eighteen BWF World Superseries tournaments and placing second at the BWF World Championships on two occasions in 2007 and 2009. He was a two-time winner of the All-England Open, gold medalist at the 2008 Badminton Asian Championships, and won the bronze medal at the 2012 Olympic Games in the final tournament of his professional career.

South Korea national badminton team
The South Korea national badminton team (Korean: 대한민국 배드민턴 국가대표팀; recognized as Korea by BWF) represents South Korea in international badminton team competitions. The team emerged as the Sudirman Cup champion in 1991, 1993, 2003, and 2017, also won world women's team championships in the 2010 and repeated this feat in the 2022 Uber Cups.