hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Edward M. Hoffman
Edward M. Hoffman (14 January 1857 – 15 May 1901) was an American businessman and military officer from Elmira, New York. A farmer who later developed a successful fruit tree and flower nursery in partnership with his brother, Hoffman was also a career member of the New York National Guard. A veteran of the Spanish–American War, Hoffman attained the rank of brigadier general when he was appointed Adjutant General of New York, a position in which he was still serving when he died.

Elmira, New York
Elmira (/ɛlˈmaɪrə/) is a city in and the county seat of Chemung County, New York, United States. It is the principal city of the Elmira, New York, metropolitan statistical area, which encompasses Chemung County. The population was 26,523 at the 2020 census, down from 29,200 at the 2010 census, a decline of more than 7 percent.

The City of Elmira is in the south-central part of the county, surrounded on three sides by the Town of Elmira.  It is in the Southern Tier of New York, a short distance north of the Pennsylvania state line.

The city was the site of the Elmira Prison, a prisoner-of-war camp that held over 12,000 captured Confederate soldiers during the American Civil War. Elmira College is located within the city.
Kipling Generating Station
Kipling Generating Station is one of four stations in the Lower Mattagami River Hydroelectric Complex.  The station is jointly owned by Ontario Power Generation (OPG; 75%) and the Moose Cree First Nation (25%). The station is approximately 95 km (59 mi) northeast of Kapuskasing in the Cochrane District of Northern Ontario and is the last of four stations in OPG's Lower Mattagami River complex. Kipling GS was originally commissioned as a 2-unit, 155 MW generating station in 1966 by OPG's predecessor, Ontario Hydro. OPG completed a $2.6 billion construction project covering the four Lower Mattagami dams in 2014 and 2015, and added a third generating unit with 78.3 MW capacity to Kipling GS, bringing the total station capacity to 233.3 MW.

Ontario Hydro
Ontario Hydro, established in 1906 as the Hydro-Electric Power Commission of Ontario, was a publicly owned electricity utility in the Province of Ontario. It was formed to build transmission lines to supply municipal utilities with electricity generated by private companies already operating at Niagara Falls, and soon developed its own generation resources by buying private generation stations and becoming a major designer and builder of new stations. As most of the readily developed hydroelectric sites became exploited, the corporation expanded into building coal-fired generation and then nuclear-powered facilities. Renamed as "Ontario Hydro" in 1974, by the 1990s it had become one of the largest, fully integrated electricity corporations in North America.
The Lego Movie: 4D – A New Adventure
The Lego Movie: 4D – A New Adventure is a 4D film attraction based on The Lego Movie, which premiered at Legoland Florida on 29 January 2016 and was rolled out to other Legoland parks and Legoland Discovery Centres. The story features some of the original characters from The Lego Movie who are invited to a theme park called Brick World. The story is enhanced with a variety of 4D sensory effects.

Legoland Discovery Centre
Legoland Discovery Centre is an indoor family attraction chain operated by British leisure group Merlin Entertainments. Featuring models and attractions inspired by the Lego building toys, the Discovery Centres are smaller and indoor versions of the Legoland theme parks located around the world.

In September 2025, The Lego Group announced that they would take full control of the chain from Merlin, who will continue to operate the Legoland amusement parks under license. The deal will close at the end of 2025.
Scotiabank Wednesday Night Hockey
Scotiabank Wednesday Night Hockey is the branding used for Sportsnet’s flagship broadcasts of National Hockey League games on Wednesday nights. In November 2013, Rogers reached a 12-year deal to become the exclusive national television and digital rightsholder for the NHL in Canada, beating out broadcasters CBC Sports and TSN for the rights.

Scotiabank Wednesday Night Hockey debuted on October 8, 2014, with a doubleheader of the Montreal Canadiens at the Toronto Maple Leafs, then followed by the Calgary Flames and the Vancouver Canucks.

Hockey Central
Hockey Central is the brand used for programs and segments covering hockey (particularly the National Hockey League) on the Canadian sports channel Sportsnet. The Hockey Central name encompasses several programs, including segments aired during Sportsnet Central, pre-game reports for Hockey Night in Canada and other NHL telecasts on Sportsnet, CBC, Citytv, and the Sportsnet 590 radio show Hockey Central at Noon.
Ohuede
Ohuede (c. 1054 – c. 1112) was a ruler of Igodomigodo (the pre-imperial Kingdom of Benin) who served briefly as the twenty-seventh Ogiso ('King') following his selection by the Edionnisen ('Great Nobles') around 1110 AD. His reign emphasised agricultural stability and support for domestic craftsmen, establishing plots known as Ugbo Owinna ('guildworkers' farms') to provide land for guild members. He sought to reduce future succession disputes by reaffirming the kingdom's primogeniture rule. Ohuede also proposed extending succession rules to allow female inheritance in exceptional circumstances, a controversial measure that met resistance from the Senior Nobles. Ohuede died around 1112 AD after a reign of about two years; his only surviving son, Idugioduwa, succeeded him as Ogiso Oduwa (c. 1112 – c. 1119).

Primogeniture
Primogeniture (/ˌpraɪməˈdʒɛnɪtʃər, -oʊ-/) is the right, by law or custom, of the firstborn legitimate child to inherit all or most of their parent's estate, as well as succeed their parent as the ruler of a state.

Primogeniture stands in contrast to shared inheritance among all or some children, any illegitimate child or any collateral relative. In most contexts, it means the inheritance of the firstborn son (agnatic primogeniture). It can also mean by the firstborn daughter (matrilineal primogeniture), or firstborn child (absolute primogeniture).

Research shows that authoritarian regimes that rely on primogeniture for succession were more stable than forms of authoritarian rule with alternative succession arrangements. Scholars have linked primogeniture to a decline in regicide, as clear rules of succession reduce the number of people who could (absent a coup d'état) replace a ruler, thus making it less desirable to cause the death of the monarch.
Bit error rate
In digital transmission, the number of bit errors is the number of received bits of a data stream over a communication channel that have been altered due to noise, interference, distortion or bit synchronization errors.

The bit error rate (BER) is the number of bit errors per unit time. The bit error ratio (also BER) is the number of bit errors divided by the total number of transferred bits during a studied time interval. Bit error ratio is a unitless performance measure, often expressed as a percentage.

The bit error probability pe is the expected value of the bit error ratio. The bit error ratio can be considered as an approximate estimate of the bit error probability. This estimate is accurate for a long time interval and a high number of bit errors.

Burst error
In telecommunications, a burst error or error burst is a contiguous sequence of symbols, received over a communication channel, such that the first and last symbols are in error and there exists no contiguous subsequence of m correctly received symbols within the error burst. The integer parameter m is referred to as the guard band of the error burst. The last symbol in a burst and the first symbol in the following burst are accordingly separated by m correct symbols or more. The parameter m should be specified when describing an error burst.
Marty Barry
Martin James Barry (December 8, 1905 – August 20, 1969) was a Canadian professional ice hockey forward who played for the New York Americans, Boston Bruins, Detroit Red Wings, and Montreal Canadiens in the National Hockey League (NHL) between 1927 and 1940. Barry was frequently among the league's leading scorers, and after winning his first Stanley Cup with the Red Wings in 1936, he scored the championship winning goal in 1937. Barry won the Lady Byng Trophy in 1936–37 as the NHL's most gentlemanly player and was named to the first All-Star team. Following his playing career, Barry coached junior and senior teams in Halifax, Nova Scotia, for many years. He was inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 1965.

Lady Byng Memorial Trophy
The Lady Byng Memorial Trophy, formerly known as the Lady Byng Trophy, is presented each year to the National Hockey League "player adjudged to have exhibited the best type of sportsmanship and gentlemanly conduct combined with a high standard of playing ability." The Lady Byng Memorial Trophy has been awarded 90 times to 53 different players since it was first awarded in 1925. The original trophy was donated to the league by Lady Byng of Vimy, then–viceregal consort of Canada.

The voting is conducted at the end of the regular season by members of the Professional Hockey Writers Association, and each individual voter ranks their top five candidates on a 10–7–5–3–1 points system. Three finalists are named and the trophy is awarded at the NHL Awards ceremony after the Stanley Cup Playoffs.
Athletics at the 1924 Summer Olympics – Men's high jump
The men's high jump event was part of the track and field athletics programme at the 1924 Summer Olympics. The competition was held from Sunday, July 6, 1924, and Monday, July 7, 1924. Twenty-seven high jumpers from 17 nations competed. The maximum number of athletes per nation was 4. The event was won by Harold Osborn of the United States, the nation's seventh consecutive victory in the men's high jump. As in 1920, the Americans went 1–2 in the event, with Leroy Brown earning silver. France took its first high jump medal since 1908 with Pierre Lewden's bronze.

Harold Osborn
Harold Marion Osborn D.O. (April 13, 1899 – April 5, 1975) was an American track athlete. He won a gold medal in Olympic decathlon and high jump in 1924 and was the first athlete to win a gold medal in both the decathlon and an individual event.
Chetnole
Chetnole is a village and civil parish in the county of Dorset in southern England. It lies approximately 6 miles (9.7 km) south-southwest of Sherborne and 5.5 miles (8.9 km) southeast of Yeovil in Somerset. It is sited on Oxford clay by the small Wriggle River at the western end of the Blackmore Vale. There are around 128 houses in the village. It has a railway station on the Heart of Wessex Line that is served by Great Western Railway services. Dorset County Council estimate that in 2013 the population of the parish was 330. In the 2011 census the population of Chetnole parish combined with the small parish of Stockwood to the west was 344.

Chetnole was not recorded in the Domesday Book in 1086.

Yeovil
Yeovil (/ˈjoʊvɪl/) is a town and civil parish in Somerset, England. It is close to Somerset's southern border with Dorset, 126 miles (203 km) west of London, 42 miles (68 km) south of Bristol, 6 miles (10 km) west of Sherborne and 28 miles (45 km) east of Taunton. The population of the built-up area – which includes the outlying areas of the town in the parishes of West Coker, Brympton and Yeovil Without – was 50,176 at the 2021 census.

The aircraft and defence industries which developed in the 20th century made it a target for bombing in the Second World War; they are still major employers. Yeovil Country Park, which includes Ninesprings, is one of several open spaces with educational, cultural and sporting facilities. Religious sites include the 14th-century Church of St John the Baptist. The town is on the A30 and A37 roads and has two railway stations.
Prarthana (1943 film)
Prarthana (transl. Prayer) is a 1943 Indian Hindi-language social film directed by Sarvottam Badami for Sohrab Modi's  Minerva Movietone. The music director was Saraswati Devi and the lyricist was Safdar Aah Sitapuri. Having worked for Madan Theatres Ltd and Sagar Movietone in the 1930s, the famous singer and actress Kajjanbai returned to work after a hiatus of four years working for studios like Minerva Movietone. Prarthana is cited as "probably" her last film before her death in 1945. The film starred Motilal, Kajjanbai, Sabita Devi, Sajjan, Nimabalkar, K. N. Singh, Sadat Ali, Mehboob Khan and Abu Bakar.

Sajjan (actor)
Sajjan (15 January 1921 – 17 May 2000) was a Bollywood and stage actor. He acted in several plays and movies from the 1950s to the 1980s. His best known films are Bees Saal Baad, Chalti Ka Naam Gaadi, April Fool, Rail Ka Dibba, Johny Mera Naam and Jhumroo.
Yorokamu Tizihwayo
Yorokamu Tizihwayo, also known as  Y. Tiziriwayho and Yerukamu, was a Ugandan military officer. He served as a high-ranking commander during Idi Amin's rule as Ugandan President, first as the head of the 2nd Paratrooper Battalion and later for the Western Brigade. In the Uganda–Tanzania War (1978–1979), Tizihwayo led the Uganda Army troops which opposed the Tanzania People's Defence Force's advance into western Uganda. Despite being regarded as a talented soldier and considered one of the Tanzanians' more dangerous opponents during the war, he was eventually arrested and executed on alleged treason charges by Amin's State Research Bureau.

Tanzania People's Defence Force
The Tanzania People's Defence Force (TPDF) (Swahili: Jeshi la Ulinzi la Wananchi wa Tanzania) is the military force of the United Republic of Tanzania. It was established in September 1964, following a mutiny by the former colonial military force, the Tanganyika Rifles. From its inception, it was ingrained in the troops of the new TPDF that they were a people's force under civilian control. Unlike some of its neighbouring countries, Tanzania has never suffered a coup d'état or civil war.

The TPDF's mission is to defend Tanzania and every Tanzanian, especially the people and their political ideology. Conscripts are obligated to serve 2 years as of 2004.
Moss Creek Women's Invitational
The Moss Creek Women's Invitational was a golf tournament in South Carolina on the LPGA Tour from 1976 to 1985. It was played at the Moss Creek Plantation on Hilton Head Island.

When first announced in January 1976, it was titled the "Ladies Masters" and sponsors planned to pattern the event after the Masters Tournament. A little over a month later, the LPGA announced the tournament's name was being changed to the Women's International. This happened after Masters Tournament officials contacted the tournament's sponsor and threatened to go to court unless the word Masters was removed from the tournament title.

Sally Little, an eventual winner of 15 LPGA events (including two majors), won the inaugural Women's International by one shot over Jan Stephenson. Needing to get up and down from a bunker at the final green to force a playoff, she holed out from 75 feet (23 m) for her first win as a professional.

Jan Stephenson
Jan Lynn Stephenson (born 22 December 1951) is an Australian professional golfer. She became a member of the LPGA Tour in 1974 and won three major championships and 16 LPGA Tour events. She has 41 worldwide victories including (10) LPGA Legends Tour wins and 8 worldwide major championships. She has 15 holes-in-one with nine in competition. She was elected to the World Golf Hall of Fame, class of 2019.
Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics – Men's trap
The men's ISSF Olympic trap was one of the shooting competitions in the shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics events in Paris. It was held from Sunday, July 15 to Tuesday, July 17, 1900. Thirty-one athletes from four nations competed. Roger de Barbarin took gold, René Guyot silver, and Justinien de Clary bronze. There was a shoot-off between de Barbarin and Guyot (which the former won 13–12), which de Clary did not compete in despite having scored the same as the other two in the main round.

René Guyot
René Guyot (born 1881) was a Belgian sport shooter who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century in trap shooting. He participated in Shooting at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the silver medal in the trap competition.
James N Miller & Sons
J W Miller & Sons Ltd was a boatbuilder in St Monans, Fife, Scotland for over 200 years. They produced a variety of fishing boats, yachts and motor launches. The firm built 110 Fifie yachts and was known worldwide for the quality and craftsmanship of their vessels. The yard is now closed.

Fifie
The Fifie is a design of sailing boat developed on the east coast of Scotland. It was a traditional fishing boat used by Scottish fishermen from the 1850s until well into the 20th century. These boats were mainly used to fish for herring using drift nets, and along with other designs of boat were known as herring drifters.
Fran Villalba
Francisco José Villalba Rodrigo (born 11 May 1998) is a Spanish footballer who plays as a midfielder for Liga MX club Santos Laguna.

He began his career with Valencia and spent a season on loan to Numancia before moving to England in 2019 to join Birmingham City. He returned to Spain in January 2020 and spent the next 18 months on loan to Almería, before joining Sporting Gijón on loan for the 2021–22 season. After the loan was made permanent, he spent the 2022–23 season on loan to Málaga and 2023–24 with his parent club. He then signed for Santos Laguna. In international football, he has represented Spain from under-16 to under-19 level.

Málaga CF
Málaga Club de Fútbol (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈmalaɣa ˈkluβ ðe ˈfuðβol], Málaga Football Club), or simply Málaga, is a club based in Málaga, Andalusia, Spain, who compete in Segunda División, the second tier of the Spanish league system, following their promotion from the Primera Federación in the 2023–24 season.

They won the UEFA Intertoto Cup in 2002 and qualified for the following season's UEFA Cup, reaching the quarter-final stages. They also qualified for the 2012–13 UEFA Champions League, where they were quarter-finalists. Since June 2010, the owner of the club has been Qatari investor Abdullah ben Nasser Al Thani.
2020 Hank Steinbrecher Cup
The 2020 Hank Steinbrecher Cup was planned to be the eighth edition of the United States Adult Soccer Association's (USASA) tournament whose winner is recognized with the title of U.S. National Amateur Champions. This edition was canceled in April due to the COVID-19 pandemic in the United States.

USL League Two (USL L2) side Flint City Bucks were the defending champion, having won the last three competitions.

United States Adult Soccer Association
The United States Adult Soccer Association (USASA) is a national organization for amateur soccer in the United States. It consists of 54 state associations in four regions, as well as national, regional, and state leagues. It compares to the United States Youth Soccer Association and its 54 affiliated State Associations – as it was once all one bodied structure.
Vladimir Antonov-Ovseenko
Vladimir Alexandrovich Antonov-Ovseenko (Russian: Владимир Александрович Антонов-Овсеенко; Ukrainian: Володимир Олександрович Антонов-Овсієнко; 9 March 1883 – 10 February 1938), real surname Ovseenko, party aliases 'Bayonet' (Штык) and 'Nikita' (Никита), literary pseudonym A. Galsky (А. Гальский), was a prominent Bolshevik leader, Soviet statesman, military commander, and diplomat. He was executed during the Great Purge.

Pavel Malyantovich
Pavel Nikolayevich Malyantovich (Russian: Павел Николаевич Малянтович; 4 July 1869 – 22 January 1940) was a Russian politician and lawyer. Minister of Justice of the Provisional Government (1917), Supreme Prosecutor of Russia (1917). He was arrested during the Great Purge and later executed.
Myttonia
Myttonia is an extinct genus of trilobites in the family Trinucleidae.  The genus lived during the early part of the Arenig stage of the Ordovician Period, a faunal stage which lasted from approximately 478 to 471 million years ago.

Trinucleidae
Trinucleidae is a family of small to average size asaphid trilobites that first occurred at the start of the Ordovician and became extinct at the end of that period. It contains approximately 227 species divided over 51 genera in 5 subfamilies. The most conspicuous character is the wide perforated fringe of the head.
Pini Gurfil
Pinchas (Pini) Gurfil (Hebrew: פנחס (פיני) גורפיל; born April 26, 1971) is an Israeli professor of aerospace engineering at the Technion – Israel Institute of Technology. He was the head of the Asher Space Research Institute and the director of the Adelis-SAMSON satellite project.  In addition to his academic work, Gurfil has published Hebrew-language poetry and is active as a singer-songwriter.

Asher Space Research Institute
The Norman and Helen Asher Space Research Institute (ASRI) is a specialized research institute dedicated to multidisciplinary scientific research at Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, in Haifa, Israel.

ASRI was established in February, 1984. Its members come from a few Technion faculties, and it has a technical staff of Technion scientists in a variety of space-related fields (Physics, Aerospace Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Autonomous Systems and Computer Sciences). ASRI is a leading space research center in Israel and is involved in the development of space systems based on advanced and innovative technologies, as well as education through advanced degrees.
Cotton Comes to Harlem (novel)
Cotton Comes to Harlem is a hardboiled crime fiction novel written by Chester Himes in 1965. It is the sixth and best known of the Harlem Detective series. It was later adapted into a film of the same name in 1970 starring Godfrey Cambridge, Raymond St. Jacques, and Redd Foxx.

Godfrey Cambridge
Godfrey MacArthur Cambridge (February 26, 1933 – November 29, 1976) was an American stand-up comic and actor. Alongside Bill Cosby, Dick Gregory, and Nipsey Russell, he was acclaimed by Time in 1965 as "one of the country's foremost celebrated Negro comedians."
Joe Cracknell (footballer)
Joseph Cracknell (born 28 September 1994) is an English professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Guiseley. After playing for Hull City, Scarborough Athletic, Bradford City and Bradford (Park Avenue), he signed for Harrogate Town in August 2017.

Guiseley A.F.C.
Guiseley Association Football Club is a football club based in Guiseley, Leeds, West Yorkshire, England. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at Nethermoor Park.
United Engineering Co.
37°47′27″N 122°17′27″W﻿ / ﻿37.79085°N 122.29075°W﻿ / 37.79085; -122.29075

United Engineering Co. (incorporated 10 October 1917, about six months after the sale of the predecessor company United Engineering Works to the Bethlehem Shipbuilding Corporation where it became their Alameda Works), in Alameda, California, was a shipbuilding and repair yard active during World War II. Located along the Oakland-Alameda Estuary, The yard was established in 1941, before that time, United Engineering owned facilities acquired from the Risdon Iron Works at Steuart and Folsom streets (37°47′27″N 122°23′25″W﻿ / ﻿37.79086°N 122.39025°W﻿ / 37.79086; -122.39025) and from T. J. Moynihan & Company the corner of Folsom and Fremont (37°47′17″N 122°23′37″W﻿ / ﻿37.788087°N 122.39365°W﻿ / 37.788087; -122.39365), just north-west of where the Oakland bay Bridge would later connect.

Alameda Works Shipyard
The Alameda Works Shipyard, in Alameda, California, United States, was one of the largest and best equipped shipyards in the country. The only building remaining from the yard is the Union Iron Works Powerhouse, which is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.1956.