hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Whina Cooper
Dame Whina Cooper ONZ DBE (born Hōhepine Te Wake; 9 December 1895 – 26 March 1994) was a New Zealand kuia (Māori elder), who worked for many years for the rights of Māori, and particularly to improve the lot of Māori women. She is remembered for leading the 1975 Māori land march from Te Hāpua to Wellington, a distance of 1,100 km (680 mi), at the age of 79.

Her wide influence and nationally recognised activity led her to be acknowledged with awards in both the British and New Zealand Royal Honours Systems, and by her own people, who bestowed the title Te Whaea o te Motu ('Mother of the Nation') upon her. She is the subject of the 2022 film Whina.

Te Hāpua
Te Hāpua is a community on the shores of the Parengarenga Harbour in Northland, New Zealand. The road to Te Hāpua leaves State Highway 1 at Waitiki Landing. There are no shops or motels.

Te Hāpua is the most northerly settlement in New Zealand. The 2013 Census recorded 84 people in the Te Hapua region.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "the lagoon" for Te Hāpua.

Matiu Rata, Cabinet Minister in the Third Labour Government in the 1970s and founder of the Mana Motuhake party, was born in Te Hāpua in 1934 and buried there in his Rātana robes.

The 1975 Māori land march left Te Hāpua for Wellington on 14 September 1975 (Maori Language Day).

Te Hāpua's Te Reo Mihi Marae is a traditional meeting ground for Ngāti Kurī, and includes Te Reo Mihi meeting house.
Ecua-Andino Hats
Ecua-Andino Hats is an Ecuadorian producer and exporter of Panama hats founded in 1985 by Alejandro Lecaro and Édgar Sánchez.

Ecua-Andino produces hand-woven hats using fibers from the carludovica palmata, also known as toquilla. These natural fibers, found in Central America, are valued for being both soft and durable. The hats are made by over 3,500 artisans across five provinces in Ecuador, with approximately 200,000 exported each year.

Carludovica palmata
Carludovica palmata (also known as Panama hat plant, toquilla palm, calá, palmilla, palmero, pojom, jiraca, junco, soyacal, tepejilote, and jipijapa) is a species of flowering plant in the family Cyclanthaceae. It is not a true palm, but its leaves are similar to the leaves of some true palms, such as Chelyocarpus ulei. Unlike several true palms, C. palmata does not develop a woody trunk. Its female flowers (which mature first) have large stigmas, and its male flowers (which mature later) have a lot of pollen.
Tico Rico
Tico Rico is a 1977 jazz/funk album by saxophonist Hank Crawford. It was produced by Creed Taylor. The music featured CTI recording artists including Eric Gale, Steve Gadd, Jon Faddis and Randy Brecker. It appeared at number 31 on Billboard Magazine's Best Selling Jazz LPs on October 8, 1977 and peaked at number 28.

Hank Crawford
Bennie Ross "Hank" Crawford, Jr. (December 21, 1934 – January 29, 2009) was an American alto saxophonist, pianist, arranger and songwriter whose genres ranged from R&B, hard bop, jazz-funk, and soul jazz. Crawford was musical director for Ray Charles before embarking on a solo career releasing many well-regarded albums for labels such as Atlantic, CTI and Milestone.
Dilated Peoples
Dilated Peoples is an American Los Angeles-based hip hop trio, composed of rapper and record producer Evidence, rapper Rakaa, and Beat Junkies deejay and record producer DJ Babu. The group is better known in the UK, where they reached the Top 40 of the UK Singles Chart with two tracks, "This Way" and "Worst Comes to Worst". Their songs were featured in the 2003 video games Need for Speed: Underground and NBA Street Vol. 2, as well as MLB 06: The Show.

MLB 06: The Show
MLB 06: The Show is a 2006 baseball video game developed by San Diego Studio and published by Sony Computer Entertainment for the PlayStation 2 and PlayStation Portable. It is the first game in the MLB: The Show franchise, after its predecessor series ended due to the formation of San Diego Studio from  and 989 Sports.
Badri Kvaratskhelia
Badri Kvaratskhelia (Georgian: ბადრი კვარაცხელია, romanized: badri k'varatskhelia; born 15 February 1965) is a professional football manager and former player who played as a forward. Born in the Georgian SSR of the Soviet Union, he played for the Azerbaijan national team. He is the father of Khvicha Kvaratskhelia, a current Paris Saint-Germain player.

Azerbaijan national football team
The Azerbaijan national football team (Azerbaijani: Azərbaycan milli futbol komandası) is the national football team of Azerbaijan and is controlled by Association of Football Federations of Azerbaijan. It represents Azerbaijan in international football competitions. The majority of Azerbaijan's home matches are held at the national stadium, Baku Olympic Stadium, with friendly matches sometimes hosted at club stadiums.

The Azerbaijan national football team has taken part in qualification for each major tournament since Euro 1996, but has never qualified for the finals tournament of any World Cup or European Championships. Azerbaijan was the first Caucasus country to host a major football tournament, the UEFA Euro 2020.
Joseph Gillis
Joseph E. Gillis (Hebrew: יוסף גיליס; 3 August 1911 – 18 November 1993) was a British-Israeli mathematician and one of the founders of the Faculty of Mathematics at the Weizmann Institute of Science, where he served as a professor of Applied Mathematics. He made notable contributions to fractal sets, fluid dynamics, random walks, and pioneered the combinatorial theory of special functions of mathematical physics.

Weizmann Institute of Science
The Weizmann Institute of Science (or simply Weizmann; Hebrew: מכון ויצמן למדע Machon Weizmann LeMada) was established in 1934 as a public research university in Rehovot, fourteen years before the State of Israel was founded.

The institute is now a multidisciplinary research center, employing around 3,800 scientists, postdoctoral fellows, Ph.D. and M.Sc. students, and scientific, technical, and administrative staff working at the institute.  Unlike other Israeli universities, it exclusively offers postgraduate-only degrees in the natural and exact sciences.

As of 2019, the Weizmann Institute of Science has been associated with six Nobel laureates and three Turing Award winners.
Dharma Raja (film)
Dharma Raja is a 1980 Indian Tamil-language film, directed by M. A. Thirumugam and produced by Chinna Annamalai. The film stars Sivaji Ganesan, K. R. Vijaya, K. Balaji and Major Sundarrajan. It was released on 26 April 1980, and ran for over 100 days in theatres.

K. R. Vijaya
Deivanayaki, better known by her stage name K. R. Vijaya, is an Indian actress who has featured in Tamil, Malayalam, Telugu and Kannada films. She started her career in 1963 and has been acting for more than six decades in South Indian cinema. The actress has worked with almost all the stalwarts of South Indian cinema and has played many key roles.
Ohlala Couple
Ohlala Couple (Korean: 울랄라 부부; RR: Ullalla bubu) is a 2012 South Korean romantic comedy gender bender television series starring Kim Jung-eun, Shin Hyun-joon, Han Jae-suk and Han Chae-ah. It aired on KBS2 from October 1 to November 27, 2012 on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 for 18 episodes.

Han Jae-suk
Han Jae-suk (Korean: 한재석; born August 12, 1973), born Han Sang-woo (한상우) is a South Korean actor. He has starred in several television series, notably All About Eve (2000), Four Sisters (2001), Glass Slippers (2002), The Great Ambition (Daemang, 2002), Women of the Sun (2008), and The Great Merchant (2010). Han has also ventured into the Chinese-language market, getting cast opposite Ruby Lin in Amor de Tarapaca (2004) and Cecilia Cheung in Speed Angels (2011).
Kickboxer 4
Kickboxer 4 (stylized on-screen as Kickboxer 4: The Aggressor) is a 1994 American direct-to-video martial arts film directed by Albert Pyun. The film is the fourth entry in the Kickboxer film series. This was the last film to star Sasha Mitchell, who reprises his role as David Sloan.

Sasha Mitchell
Sasha Sergei Mitchell (born July 27, 1967) is an American actor and martial artist best known for his television roles as Cody Lambert on Step by Step and James Beaumont on Dallas. He also played the role of David Sloane in three of the five installments of the original Kickboxer film franchise. Mitchell has a black belt in taekwondo.
Chau Tak-hay
Brian Chau Tak-hay, GBS CBE (Chinese: 周德熙; born 26 January 1943) is a former Hong Kong government official. He has served in many positions regarding to trade, including the Secretary for Trade and Industry from 1991 to 1995 and from 1998 to 2002 and Secretary for Broadcasting, Culture and Sport from 1995 to 1998. Since 2002, he has been Special Consultant to the Ministry of Commerce of the People's Republic of China.

Secretary for Culture, Sports and Tourism
The Secretary for Culture, Sports and Tourism is the head of the Culture, Sports and Tourism Bureau for the Hong Kong Government, which is responsible for cultural, arts, and sports affairs previously handled by the Home Affairs Bureau, and works related to movie, creative industry, and tourism originally under the Commerce and Economic Development Bureau, in order to promote Hong Kong's culture better.

The position could trace back to Secretary for Municipal Services in 1980s, of which the portfolio included culture and sports. It was replaced by the Secretary for Broadcasting, Culture and Sport (Chinese: 文康廣播司, later 文康廣播局局長), responsible for managing Hong Kong's broadcasting services, developing the film and public entertainment industries, promoting Hong Kong's Arts and Culture, and providing support to sports and physical recreation facilities. The position was  abolished in 1998 after re-organization.
Ichirō Hirosawa
Ichirō Hirosawa (Japanese: 広沢 一郎, Hepburn: Hirosawa Ichirō; born December 27, 1963) is the Japanese businessman and politician who is the current mayor of Nagoya since 2024. Born in Mizuho-ku, Nagoya, he previously worked as a producer and CEO for Magnolia kabushiki-gaisha before entering politics in 2011.

He was a member of the Aichi Prefectural Assembly for Mizuho-ku from 2011 to 2014 alongside Taro Kawashima. He lost elections for the House of Representatives for Aichi 1st district in the 2014 and for the House of Councillors for Aichi at-large district in 2022. He was appointed as Deputy Mayor for Nagoya from 2017 to 2021.

A member of the Aichi-based regional party Genzei Nippon. He served as deputy general-secretary for the party from 2011 to 2023. He also served as the deputy general-secretary for Conservative Party of Japan from 2023 to 2024.

Aichi at-large district
The Aichi at-large district is a constituency of the House of Councillors in the Diet of Japan that represents Aichi Prefecture. From 1947 until 2013 it has elected six Councillors, three every three years by single non-transferable vote (SNTV) for six-year terms. A 2015 revision of the Public Officers Election Law increased the district's representation to eight Councillors; the change began to take effect at the 2016 election, at which four Councillors were elected.
Antebellum architecture
Antebellum architecture (from Antebellum South, Latin for "pre-war") is the neoclassical architectural style characteristic of the 19th-century Southern United States, especially the Deep South, from after the birth of the United States with the American Revolution, to the start of the American Civil War. Antebellum architecture is especially characterized by Georgian, Neo-classical, and Greek Revival style homes and mansions. These plantation houses were built in the southern American states during roughly the 30 years before the American Civil War; approximately between the 1830s to 1860s.

The Hermitage (Nashville, Tennessee)
The Hermitage is a National Historic Landmark and museum located in Davidson County, Tennessee, United States, 10 miles (16 km) east of downtown Nashville in the neighborhood of Hermitage. The 1,000-acre (400 ha)+ site was owned by President Andrew Jackson, the seventh president of the United States, from 1804 until his death there in 1845. It also serves as his final resting place. Jackson lived at the property intermittently until he retired from public life in 1837.

The Hermitage enslaved men, women, and children, numbering nine at the plantation's purchase in 1804 and 110 at Jackson's death. They were principally involved in growing cotton, the plantation's major cash crop.
Manto (2015 film)
Manto (Urdu: منٹو) is a 2015 Pakistani biographical drama film based on the life of Pakistani short-story writer Saadat Hassan Manto, starring Sarmad Khoosat in the title role. It was directed by Khoosat himself, produced by Babar Javed, and written by Shahid Nadeem, whose screenplay was adapted from Manto's short stories, particularly "Thanda Gosht", "Madari", "License", "Hatak" and "Peshawar Se Lahore". It also depicts his relationship with singer-actress Noor Jehan. The film was released on 11 September 2015, sixty years after Manto's death.

The full-length official trailer was released on 29 August 2015. The motion trailer along with film music was released on 6 August 2015. The TV series on the life of the writer entitled Main Manto with the same cast and production, initially made in 2012, was aired in December 2015.

Shahid Nadeem
Shahid Mahmood Nadeem (Punjabi, Urdu: شاہد محمود ندیم; born 1947) is a Pakistani journalist, playwright, screenwriter, theater and television director, and human rights activist.

He served as the general manager, program director, and deputy managing director of the Pakistan Television Corporation. He is currently director of the Ajoka Theater as well as the PTV Academy.
Sol de Verão
Sol de Verão (The Summer Sun in English) is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by Rede Globo. It premiered on 11 October 1982 and ended on 18 March 1983. The death of lead actor Jardel Filho, when only 120 episodes out of the originally planned 155 were finished, caused the production to be cut short. The telenovela still ran for a further 17 chapters to wrap up the plot, for a total of 137 episodes. Since the telenovela that would succeed it in the timeslot, Louco Amor, hadn't yet begun production at that point, a truncated rerun of 1976's O Casarão was shown in the timeslot until Louco Amor's debut.

It was the twenty ninth "novela das oito" to be aired on the timeslot. It was created and written by Manoel Carlos and directed by Roberto Talma, Jorge Fernando and Guel Arraes.

O Casarão
O Casarão is a Brazilian telenovela produced and broadcast by TV Globo. It premiered on 7 June 1976 and ended on 10 December 1976, with a total of 168 episodes. It was the seventeenth "novela das oito" to be aired on the timeslot. It is created and written by Lauro César Muniz and directed by Daniel Filho and Jardel Mello.
Kindergarten Cop 2
Kindergarten Cop 2 is a 2016 American comedy film starring Dolph Lundgren and directed by Don Michael Paul. It is a standalone sequel to the 1990 film Kindergarten Cop, starring Arnold Schwarzenegger. Principal photography in Maple Ridge, Langley, and Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada took place for 28 days, from July 27 to August 24, 2015. The school at which the film was produced is Kanaka Elementary. The film was released by Universal Pictures Home Entertainment on DVD in the United States on May 17, 2016.

Kindergarten Cop
Kindergarten Cop is a 1990 American action comedy film directed by Ivan Reitman and distributed by Universal Pictures. Arnold Schwarzenegger stars as John Kimble, a tough-as-nails Los Angeles police detective working undercover as a kindergarten teacher to locate the wife and child of drug dealer Cullen Crisp (Richard Tyson), who are living under assumed identities. Pamela Reed, Penelope Ann Miller, Linda Hunt, Carroll Baker and Cathy Moriarty co-star. The original music score was composed by Randy Edelman. The film marked the second collaboration for Reitman and Schwarzenegger, succeeding Twins (1988).

The film was released in North America on December 21, 1990, and grossed $202 million worldwide. Critical reception was mixed, though Schwarzenegger earned praise for his comedic abilities and willingness to subvert the action-hero image that had defined his career.
Discovery High School (Georgia)
Discovery High School is a public high school in Lawrenceville, Georgia, United States. The school is operated by Gwinnett County Public Schools. Its only feeder is Richards Middle School.

It was built in 2015 for over $70 million. Its opening provided relief to over crowding at Central Gwinnett High School and Berkmar High School.

As of 2018 it had 2,716 students. That year GCPS acquired land for the Discovery High park facilities using eminent domain.

Berkmar High School
Berkmar High School is a high school located in Lilburn, Georgia, United States. It has approximately 2,912 students, grades 9 through 12.

The school opened in 1966 to help overcrowding at nearby schools due to the growth of Gwinnett County.
Santa Paula Union High School District
Santa Paula Union High School District from around 1891 until July 2013 governed the Santa Paula High School and later the Renaissance (Continuation) High School, until the district merged with the Santa Paula Elementary School District to form the Santa Paula Unified School District of Santa Paula, California. In the 1920s, the district's board advocated for the establishment of a community college in Ventura County.

Santa Paula Elementary School District
The Santa Paula Elementary School District, founded in 1876 with the opening of the first elementary school in Santa Paula, California, until its merger into the Santa Paula Unified School District on July 1, 2013, governed the city's elementary schools and middle school.  In 1935, the board approved a tax levy that raised more funds for earthquake repairs.

Past members of the board of trustees and superintendents of the district were:

Cecil Foster, trustee (1918-1926)

George Bond, superintendent (circa 1938)

R.E. Denley, superintendent (circa 1947)
Nordelph
Nordelph is a civil parish near Downham Market in the English county of Norfolk.

The parish covers an area of 16.57 km2 (6.40 sq mi) and had a population of 375 in 151 households at the 2001 census, increasing to 405 at the 2011 Census. In 1930 a new civil parish of Nordelph was created in Downham Rural District, taking land mostly out of the Marshland RD parishes of Upwell and Outwell.

For the purposes of local government, Nordelph falls within the district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk.

The Church of England parish church, Holy Trinity, is of brick in the Early English style, and was erected in 1865 as a chapel of ease to the parish church of Upwell.  A new ecclesiastical parish was formed in 1909 from the parishes of Upwell, Downham West, Denver, Stow Bardolph and Outwell. The Reverend Edwin Emmanuel Bradford (1860–1944), Uranian poet and novelist, was vicar of Nordelph from 1909 to 1944. In 1912, there were also Wesleyan Methodist and United Methodist chapels.

Stow Bardolph
Stow Bardolph, sometimes simply referred to as Stow, is an estate and civil parish in the English county of Norfolk, lying between King's Lynn and Downham Market on the A10.

It covers an area of 6,100 acres (2,500 ha) and had a population of 1,014 in 421 households at the 2001 census, the population increasing to 1,230 at the 2011 census. For the purposes of local government, it falls within the district of King's Lynn and West Norfolk. The parish includes Stowbridge and Barroway Drove.
Glossary of commutative algebra
This is a glossary of commutative algebra.

See also list of algebraic geometry topics, glossary of classical algebraic geometry, glossary of algebraic geometry, glossary of ring theory and glossary of module theory.

In this article, all rings are assumed to be commutative with identity 1.

Nagata ring
In commutative algebra, an N-1 ring is an integral domain  whose integral closure in its quotient field is a finitely generated -module. It is called a Japanese ring (or an N-2 ring) if for every finite extension  of its quotient field , the integral closure of  in  is a finitely generated -module (or equivalently a finite -algebra). A ring is called universally Japanese if every finitely generated integral domain over it is Japanese, and is called a Nagata ring, named for Masayoshi Nagata, or a pseudo-geometric ring if it is Noetherian and universally Japanese (or, which turns out to be the same, if it is Noetherian and all of its quotients by a prime ideal are N-2 rings). A ring is called geometric if it is the local ring of an algebraic variety or a completion of such a local ring, but this concept is not used much.
Night Night Night
"Night Night Night" is the second single released by Japanese rock band, The Teenage Kissers. The single was released in a special physical edition July 5, 2013 and was distributed only at live shows. The song was later included on the band's second EP, Lightning Machine.

The Teenage Kissers
The Teenage Kissers is a Japanese grunge band from Tokyo, Japan, formed in 2012 by well known vocalist Nana Kitade, bassist Hideo Nekota and drummer Mai Koike, and later joined by lead guitarist Tsubasa Nakada on April 6, 2013. The band's debut single "Ghost Bitch" was originally released physically February 20, 2013 and was later re-released in digital format through the Media Factory music label on June 16, 2013. The band's first EP, Perfectly Dirty was released October 16, 2013. Their first full-length album, Virgin Field was released July 9, 2014. A single from the album, "I Love You and Kiss Me" was used as the opening song for the show Rank Kingdom for the months of June and July 2014. The band's third EP, Lightning Machine will be released August 5, 2015 through Gaze Records. On May 20, 2016 the band announced they would be going on hiatus to focus on their respective solo projects.
Howardsville, Colorado
Howardsville is an unincorporated community in San Juan County, Colorado, United States, along the Animas River at the mouth of Cunningham Creek. It is located about two miles from the town of Silverton and 8 miles from the famous ghost town of Animas Forks, and is on the same road as the ghost towns of Middleton and Eureka.

Eureka, Colorado
Eureka is an extinct mining town in northeastern San Juan County, Colorado, United States, along the Animas River, between Silverton and Animas Forks. The town derives its name from the Greek interjection Eureka! The Eureka post office operated from August 9, 1875, until April 30, 1942.
Merchant Shipping (Scottish Fishing Boats) Act 1920
The Merchant Shipping (Scottish Fishing Boats) Act 1920 (10 & 11 Geo. 5. c. 39) was an act of parliament concerning fishing in Scotland. It became law on 16 August 1920.

It provided that part IV of the Merchant Shipping Act 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. c. 60) would apply to Scotland. The act came into force on 1 October 1920. It was repealed by the Merchant Shipping Act 1995.

Merchant Shipping Act 1995
The Merchant Shipping Act 1995 (c. 21) is an act of Parliament passed in the United Kingdom in 1995. It consolidated much of the UK's maritime legislation, repealing several acts in their entirety and provisions in many more, some dating back to the mid-nineteenth century.  It appoints several officers of Admiralty Jurisdiction such as the Receiver of Wreck.  The act of 1995 updates the prior Merchant Shipping Act 1894 (57 & 58 Vict. c. 60).  The lead part on British ships was impacted by the outcome of the Factortame case, as the Merchant Shipping Act 1988 was impugned by the Common Fisheries Policy.