hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lippiatt v Electoral Registration Officer, Penwith District Council
Lippiatt v Electoral Registration Officer, Penwith District Council was a 1996 County Court case about electoral registration and the right to vote for homeless people in the United Kingdom. Kevin Lippiatt, a homeless person, sued Penwith District Council to be allowed onto the electoral register despite not having a permanent residence. Lippiatt won the case, generating significant coverage, but failed to set a precedent due it not being decided in the High Court. The law was later amended by the Representation of the People Act 2000 to allow homeless people to more easily register to vote.

Representation of the People Act 2000
The Representation of the People Act 2000 (c. 2) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that changed the British electoral process in four minor amendments to the Representation of the People Act 1983:

It removed most restrictions on postal voting and proxy voting.

It allows psychiatric hospitals to be used as a registration address.

It requires additional assistance for disabled voters, particularly visually impaired voters.

It made provision for new regulations governing the access, sale and supply of electoral registers.
Enoch Zundel ben Joseph
Enoch Zundel ben Joseph (Hebrew: חנוך זונדל בן יוסף; died 1867) was a Polish Talmudist best known as author of three commentaries on Ein Yaakov,  He authored the books "Etz Yosef" (Joseph's Tree), "Anaf Yosef" (Joseph's Branch), and "Yad Yosef" (Joseph's Hand). He also wrote commentaries on Midrash Rabbah, Midrash Tanchuma and others. He spent his life in Białystok, Poland; he was a maggid there and gave shiurim on Midrash.

Midrash Tanhuma
Midrash Tanhuma (Hebrew: מִדְרָשׁ תַּנְחוּמָא, romanized: miḏraš tanḥumā), also known as Yelammedenu, is the name given to a homiletic midrash on the entire Torah, and it is known in several different versions or collections. Tanhuma bar Abba is not the author of the text but instead is a figure to whom traditions are frequently attributed to (indicated by the formula "Thus began R. Tanḥuma" or "Thus preached R. Tanḥuma"), though he may have preserved a collection of midrashim used by other midrash editors. The name Yelammedenu derives from the Hebrew phrase yelammedenu rabbenu, which initiates a typical textual unit in the text.

The earliest manuscript may be from the late 8th or 9th century. The most significant publication on the text so far was an edited volume of studies by Nikolsky and Atzmon from 2022.
Richard Dunwoody
Thomas Richard Dunwoody MBE (born 18 January 1964) is a retired British National Hunt jockey. He was a three-time British Champion Jockey. He was the only jockey of his generation to win the Grand National, Cheltenham Gold Cup and Champion Hurdle.

Cheltenham Gold Cup
51°55′13″N 2°3′28″W﻿ / ﻿51.92028°N 2.05778°W﻿ / 51.92028; -2.05778

The Cheltenham Gold Cup is a Grade 1 National Hunt horse race run on the New Course at Cheltenham Racecourse in England, over a distance of about 3 miles 2½ furlongs (3 miles 2 furlongs and 70 yards, or 5,294 m), and during its running there are 22 fences to be jumped. The race takes place each year during the Cheltenham Festival in March.

The steeplechase, which is open to horses aged five years and over, is the most prestigious of all National Hunt events and it is sometimes referred to as the Blue Riband of jump-racing. Its roll of honour features the names of such chasers as Arkle, Best Mate, Golden Miller, Kauto Star, Denman and Mill House. The Gold Cup is the most valuable non-handicap chase in Britain, and in 2025 it offered a total prize fund of £625,000.
Marc Levoy
Marc Stewart Levoy (born	November 2, 1953) is an American computer graphics researcher and Professor Emeritus of Computer Science and Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, a vice president and Fellow at Adobe Inc., and (until 2020) a Distinguished Engineer at Google. He is noted for pioneering work in volume rendering, light fields, and computational photography.

Light field
A light field, or lightfield, is a vector function that describes the amount of light flowing in every direction through every point in a space. The space of all possible light rays is given by the five-dimensional plenoptic function, and the magnitude of each ray is given by its radiance. Michael Faraday was the first to propose that light should be interpreted as a field, much like the magnetic fields on which he had been working. The term light field was coined by Andrey Gershun in a classic 1936 paper on the radiometric properties of light in three-dimensional space.

The term "radiance field" may also be used to refer to similar, or identical  concepts. The term is used in modern research such as neural radiance fields.
Charthawal Assembly constituency
Charthawal Assembly constituency is one of the 403 constituencies of the Uttar Pradesh Legislative Assembly, India. It is a part of the Muzaffarnagar district and one of the five assembly constituencies in the Muzaffarnagar Lok Sabha constituency. First election in this assembly constituency was held in 1967 after the "Delimitation Orders (1967)" was passed. From 1967 to 2008, this constituency was reserved for candidates from scheduled caste community. In 2008, after the "Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008" was passed, this constituency was opened for all candidates.

Muzaffarnagar district
Muzaffarnagar district (Hindi pronunciation: [mʊzəfːəɾ.nəgəɾ], also [mʊd͡ʒəp.pʰəɾ.nəgəɾ]) is a district of Uttar Pradesh state in northern India.  It is part of Saharanpur division. The city of Muzaffarnagar is the district headquarters. This district is the part of National Capital Region. Muzaffarnagar district is located north western Uttar Pradesh.
Fremantle Hospital
Fremantle Hospital is an Australian public hospital situated on South Terrace in central Fremantle, a suburb of Perth, Western Australia. It was formerly the major hospital in its region; however, with the opening of Fiona Stanley Hospital in Murdoch on 3 February 2015 it was substantially downsized, with the closure of its emergency department and a range of other services being relocated to the new hospital.

Fiona Stanley Hospital
Fiona Stanley Hospital (FSH) is a state-owned hospital and teaching facility located in Murdoch, Western Australia. Completed in December 2013, the hospital is the largest building project ever undertaken for the Government of Western Australia. It is immediately adjacent to the 
private St John of God Murdoch Hospital, with the distance between the entrances to the emergency departments of these two hospitals being approximately 390 metres (1,280 ft).
Mkristo Bruce
Mkristo Eugene Bruce (born October 16, 1984) is an American former professional football player who was a defensive end in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Washington State Cougars and was signed by the Miami Dolphins as an undrafted free agent in 2007.

Bruce was also a member of the Oakland Raiders, Arizona Rattlers, Jacksonville Jaguars, Florida Tuskers, and Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz.

Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz
The Oklahoma City Yard Dawgz were an arena football team. The team began play as a 2004 expansion team of the Arena Football League's minor league af2 before becoming a member of the AFL in 2010. Formerly a tenant of the Ford Center from 2004 until 2008, the Yard Dawgz were forced out when the National Basketball Association's Oklahoma City Thunder moved into town; starting in 2009, the Yard Dawgz played across the street at the Cox Convention Center. On October 25, 2010 Yard Dawgz owner Phil Miller announced that he decided not to play in the Arena Football League for the 2011 season.
Ishwak Singh
Ishwak Singh (born 18 November 1989) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi-language television series and films. Following small roles in several films, he became known for starring in the series Paatal Lok (2020–2025) and Rocket Boys (2022–2023), receiving nominations for the Filmfare OTT Awards. He has also starred in the second season of Made in Heaven and in the spy thriller film Berlin, both in 2023.

Filmfare OTT Awards
The Filmfare OTT Awards are annual awards that honour artistic and technical excellence in the Hindi-language original programming over-the-top space. The first edition of the awards were held on 19 December 2020.
Bhartruhari Mahtab
Bhartruhari Mahtab (born 8 September 1957) is an Indian politician from Odisha. He served as the pro tem speaker of the Lok Sabha from 24th June, 2024 to 26th June, 2024 after the 2024 Indian general election. He has been a member of Lok Sabha from 1998 to 2024 as member of the Biju Janata Dal (BJD). Ahead of the 2024 elections, he quit BJD and joined the Bharatiya Janata Party. He is awarded with Sansad Ratna awards in 2025 for his excellence performance in parliamentary duties.

Speaker of the Lok Sabha
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha (IAST: Lok Sabhā Adhyakṣa) is the presiding officer and the highest authority of the Lok Sabha, the lower house of the Parliament of India. The speaker is elected generally in the first meeting of the Lok Sabha following a general election and ranks 6th in the Order of precedence in India.

The speaker does not enjoy security of tenure and their term is subject to the pleasure of the house i.e. they can be removed anytime by a resolution of the Lok Sabha by a majority of the all the Members of the house. The longest-serving speaker was Balram Jakhar, whose tenure lasted 9 years and 329 days.
Choudhary Khush Akhtar Subhani
Choudhary Khush Akhtar Subhani (Urdu: چوہدری خوش اختر سبحانی) was a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab since August 2018 to 31 May 2021. His father, Chaudhry Akhtar Ali Vario, was a prominent politician and landlord of Sialkot who served as Chairman District Council Sialkot, Provincial Minister of Punjab, Member National Assembly and Member Provincial Assembly  several times.

Provincial Assembly of the Punjab
The Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, also known as the Punjab Assembly, is the supreme legislative body of Punjab, a province of Pakistan. It convenes at the Assembly Building in Lahore, the capital of Punjab. It is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives; and was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 371 seats, with 297 general seats, 66 seats reserved for women and 8 reserved for non-Muslims.
Phillip D. Frye
Phillip Dean Frye was a  Republican member of the North Carolina General Assembly representing the state's eighty-fourth House district, including constituents in Avery, Caldwell, Mitchell, and Yancey counties. A business owner from Spruce Pine, North Carolina, Frye served in his first state House term during the 2003–2004 session and his fifth and final term in the 2011–2012 session. He announced in 2011 that he would not run again in 2012 after the legislature passed a redistricting bill that put him in the same district with Rep. Mitch Gillespie.

In December 2007, Frye pleaded guilty to driving while impaired after being arrested on Christmas Eve.

Mitch Gillespie
Robert Mitchell Gillespie is a former Assistant Secretary of the North Carolina Department of Environment and Natural Resources, and a former Republican member of the North Carolina General Assembly.  He represented the eighty-fifth district in the North Carolina House of Representatives, which included constituents from Burke, Caldwell and McDowell counties.  A small business owner from Marion, North Carolina, Gillespie served seven terms in the state House and was re-elected to an eighth term, but resigned to take his position in the executive branch in January 2013.
The Gathering (miniseries)
The Gathering  is a television mini series directed by Bill Eagles, starring Peter Fonda, Peter Gallagher, and Jamie-Lynn Sigler. This thriller was first shown October 13, 2007, on Lifetime Television.

Peter Gallagher
Peter Killian Gallagher (born August 19, 1955) is an American actor. Since 1980, he has played roles in numerous Hollywood films. He is best known for starring as Sandy Cohen in the television drama series The O.C. from 2003 to 2007, and recurring roles in television such as Deputy Chief William Dodds on Law & Order: Special Victims Unit,  Stacey Koons on the Showtime comedy-drama Californication, Nick on the Netflix series Grace & Frankie, and Director of Clandestine Services (DCS) Arthur Campbell on Covert Affairs. He also is known for his roles in the films Bob Roberts (1992), The Player (1992), Short Cuts (1993), While You Were Sleeping (1995), American Beauty (1999), Mr. Deeds (2002), and Palm Springs (2020). In musical theatre, his best-known roles are that of Sky Masterson in the 1992 Broadway revival of Guys and Dolls and Oscar Jaffe in the 2015 Broadway revival of On the Twentieth Century.
Lascars in Fiji
The first recorded presence of a lascar (Indian seaman) in Fiji was by Peter Dillon, a sandalwood trader in Fiji.  The lascar survived a ship wreck and lived amongst the natives of Fiji in 1813. Dillon has written about Lascar Joe who, according to the Cyclopedia of Fiji, deserted from the brig Hibernia.  He lived in Fiji with other beachcombers, hiring himself out as a mercenary to different chiefs in the numerous intertribal wars in Fiji. The Indian indenture ships which carried Indians from India to Fiji between 1879 and 1916 were manned mainly by lascars.

Sandalwood
Sandalwood is a class of woods from trees in the genus Santalum. The woods are heavy, yellow, and fine-grained, and, unlike many other aromatic woods, they retain their fragrance for decades. Sandalwood oil is extracted from the woods. Sandalwood is often cited as one of the most expensive woods in the world. Both the wood and the oil produce a distinctive fragrance that has been highly valued for centuries. Consequently, some species of these slow-growing trees have suffered over-harvesting in the past.
Penny Banner
Mary Ann Kostecki (August 11, 1934 – May 12, 2008), better known by her ring name Penny Banner, was an American professional wrestler.

Best known for her time spent in the American Wrestling Association (AWA), she was also the Commissioner of the Professional Girl Wrestling Association (PGWA) from 1992 until her death. She was the first woman to be honored by the George Tragos/Lou Thesz Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame when she received the Frank Gotch Award in 2008 and is also a member of the Professional Wrestling Hall of Fame.

American Wrestling Association
The American Wrestling Association (AWA) was an American professional wrestling promotion based in Minneapolis, Minnesota that ran from 1960 until 1991. It was founded by Verne Gagne and Wally Karbo. The promotion was born out of the Minneapolis Boxing & Wrestling Club, originally founded in 1933, which served as the Minnesota-based territory of the National Wrestling Alliance (NWA) from 1948 onward, before breaking away from the NWA and becoming an independent territory in 1960.
Segmentation-based object categorization
The image segmentation problem is concerned with partitioning an image into multiple regions according to some homogeneity criterion. This article is primarily concerned with graph theoretic approaches to image segmentation applying graph partitioning via  minimum cut or maximum cut. Segmentation-based object categorization can be viewed as a specific case of spectral clustering applied to image segmentation.

Graph partition
In mathematics, a graph partition is the reduction of a graph to a smaller graph by partitioning its set of nodes into mutually exclusive groups. Edges of the original graph that cross between the groups will produce edges in the partitioned graph. If the number of resulting edges is small compared to the original graph, then the partitioned graph may be better suited for analysis and problem-solving than the original. Finding a partition that simplifies graph analysis is a hard problem, but one that has applications to scientific computing, VLSI circuit design, and task scheduling in multiprocessor computers, among others. Recently, the graph partition problem has gained importance due to its application for clustering and detection of cliques in social, pathological and biological networks. For a survey on recent trends in computational methods and applications see Buluc et al. (2013).
Two common examples of graph partitioning are minimum cut and maximum cut problems.
Rarities, B-Sides and Slow, Sad Waltzes
Rarities, B-Sides and Slow, Sad Waltzes is an album by the Canadian alt-country band Cowboy Junkies, released in 1999. It was the band's first independent release after the end of their contract with Geffen Records. The album is a compendium of tracks that the band had recorded but not previously released on an album. Two tracks have been released earlier as B-sides on Cowboy Junkies' singles, "If You Gotta Go, Go Now" on "Southern Rain" and "Leaving Normal" on "Anniversary Song". It was released on both True North Records and Latent Recordings in Canada, and on Valley Records in the United States.

Geffen Records
Geffen Records (formerly The David Geffen Company from 1980 to 1992 and Geffen Records Inc. from 1993 to 2004) is an American record label owned by Interscope Geffen A&M (IGA), a division of the Interscope Capitol Labels Group, which is owned by Universal Music Group. It was founded in 1980 by David Geffen, as a music subsidiary of his then film company Geffen Pictures, with financial and distribution support from Warner Bros. Records.

In 1990, the label was sold to MCA Music Entertainment, which later became part of Universal Music Group (UMG) through acquisitions by Panasonic and Seagram. Since its merger into the Interscope Geffen A&M group in 1999, Geffen has served as a syndicate label within Interscope Records, expanding its catalog through the absorption of other imprints. It has operated as a key platform for new releases, especially following its 2003 expansion and 2017 relaunch. As of 2024, Geffen is part of Universal Music Group's Interscope Capitol Labels Group.
No Bad Songz
No Bad Songz (abbreviated as NBS) is the second studio album by Nigerian singer Kizz Daniel. On November 30, 2018, the singer's indie record label, Flyboy I.N.C., released it. NBS comprises twenty tracks and features guest appearances from Davido, Diplo, Diamond Platnumz, and Sarkodie, among others. The album's production was handled by Pheelz, Jay Pizzle, Philkeyz, Diplo, M.O.G Beatz, Major Bangz, Lussh, Magicsticks, DJ Coublon, Runtinz, and Killertunes.

M.O.G Beatz
John Kwesi Dosunmu-Mensah, professionally known as M.O.G Beatz or simply MOG or M.O.G, is a Ghanaian record producer, composer, singer and songwriter record producer who specializes in Afro-pop, Hip hop, Afrobeats, R&B, Hiplife, Fuji and Highlife.
Dominum et vivificantem
Dominum et vivificantem (Latin: The Lord and Giver of Life) is the fifth encyclical written by Pope John Paul II. The encyclical was promulgated on 18 May 1986. It is a theological examination of the role of the Holy Spirit as it pertains to the modern world and the church and the use of spiritual prayer to renew one's spiritual life. This extended meditation on the Holy Spirit completed the Pope's Trinitarian trilogy of encyclicals, which includes Redemptor Hominis and Dives in Misericordia.

In 1986, Pope John Paul II was already anticipating the new millennium, with its new challenges, as well as the new graces the Holy Spirit would bestow upon the Church as she celebrated the Great Jubilee beginning the third millennium of Christianity. Wishing to prepare the Church for these things by giving the people of God an increased awareness and knowledge of the Holy Spirit, he issued the encyclical  on May 18, the Solemnity of Pentecost.

Dives in misericordia
Dives in misericordia (Latin: Rich in Mercy) is the name of the second encyclical written by Pope John Paul II. It is a modern examination of the role of mercy—both God's mercy, and also the need for human mercy—introducing the biblical parable of the Prodigal Son as a central theme. The original text was written in longhand in Polish. The encyclical was promulgated on 30 November 1980.
ULesson
The uLesson Group commonly known as uLesson, is a Nigerian edtech company, also operating as an online education platform through uLesson Education mobile application for primary and secondary E-learning. It was founded in 2019 by Sim Shagaya.

Educational technology
Educational technology (commonly abbreviated as edutech or edtech) refers to the use of computer hardware, software, and educational theory and practice to facilitate learning and teaching. When referred to with its abbreviation, "EdTech", it often refers to the industry of companies that create educational technology. Scholars such as Tanner Mirrlees and Shahid Alvi (2019) have described the edtech industry as consisting largely of privately owned companies involved in producing and distributing educational technologies for commercial purposes.

In addition to the practical educational experience, educational technology is based on theoretical knowledge from various disciplines such as communication, education, psychology, sociology, artificial intelligence, and computer science. It encompasses several domains, including learning theory, computer-based training, online learning, and mobile learning (m-learning).
Kominato Line
The Kominato Line (小湊鉄道線, Kominato Tetsudō sen) is a railway line in Chiba Prefecture, Japan, operated by the private railway operator Kominato Railway (小湊鐵道, Kominato tetsudō). It extends from the west coast of central Bōsō Peninsula (where it connects with the Uchibō Line at Goi) to  Kazusa-Nakano in the town of Ōtaki (where it connects to the Isumi Line).  All of its stations with the exception of the Kazusa-Nakano terminus are within the city of Ichihara. Diesel cars manufactured between 1961 and 1977 run through the scenic hilly areas of Bōsō Peninsula, and the line has many antique station buildings.

Uchibō Line
The Uchibō Line (内房線, Uchibō-sen) is a railway line operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East) adjacent to Tokyo Bay, paralleling the western (i.e., inner) shore of the Bōsō Peninsula. It connects Soga Station in the city of Chiba to Awa-Kamogawa Station in the city of Kamogawa, passing through the municipalities of Chiba, Ichihara, Sodegaura, Kisarazu, Kimitsu, Futtsu, Kyonan, Tateyama, and Minamibōsō. The line is connected at both ends to the Sotobō Line. The name of the Uchibō Line in the Japanese language is formed from two kanji characters. The first, 内, means "inner" and the second, 房 is the first character of the Bōsō. The name of the line thus refers to its location along the inner part of the Bōsō Peninsula in relation to the Tokyo Metropolitan Area, as opposed to the Sotobō Line, "outer Bōsō" which is on the opposite side of the peninsula. South of Kimitsu is single track, and north of Kimitsu is double track.
The Prince of Pappenheim
The Prince of Pappenheim (German: Der Fürst von Pappenheim) is a 1927 German silent comedy film directed by Richard Eichberg and starring Mona Maris, Curt Bois and Dina Gralla. Bois' character of an ambitious young man was closely modelled on the early film appearances of Ernst Lubitsch. It was shot at the Babelsberg Studios and on location in Baden-Baden. The film's art direction was by Jacek Rotmil. It premiered at the Gloria-Palast in Berlin.

The film adapts an operetta by Franz Robert Arnold and Ernst Bach, Der Fürst von Pappenheim.

Mona Maris
Mona Maris (born Mona María Emita Capdevielle or María Rosa Amita Capdevielle; November 7, 1903 – March 23, 1991) was an Argentine film actress. Some sources give her full birth name as Rosa Emma Mona María Marta Capdevielle.