hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
MODUL University Dubai
MODUL University Dubai (MU Dubai, MDLU Dubai, MUDC) is a university campus of MODUL University Vienna, which started its operations in Dubai, United Arab Emirates in November 2015.

The Dubai Campus opened in September 2016 in ONE JLT, Jumeirah Lakes Towers. In October 2020, the UAE Ministry of Education revoked its licence for the university to operate in the UAE.

Modul University Vienna
Modul University Vienna (MU Vienna) is a private university established in 2007 in Vienna, Austria, that focuses on social and economic development. In particular, it focuses on the areas of tourism, new media information technology, sustainability, business management, and public governance.
Lim Joo Hock
Lim Joo Hock (15 January 1922 – May 2011) was a Singaporean civil servant and former chairman of the Central Provident Fund Board from 1961 to 1963, and from 1970 to 1971.

Lim was the permanent secretary for the Ministry of Culture and Social Affairs (1967–1968), Ministry of Social Affairs (1968–1969), and Ministry of Labour (1969–1971). After leaving the civil service, Lim qualified as a barrister and started his own law firm, before retiring in 1998.

Ministry of Manpower (Singapore)
The Ministry of Manpower (MOM; Malay: Kementerian Tenaga Manusia; Chinese: 新加坡人力部; Tamil: மனிதவள அமைச்சு) is a ministry of the Government of Singapore responsible for the formulation and implementation of policies related to the workforce in Singapore. It was formerly known as the Ministry of Labour from 1955 to 1998.
Pittsfield Red Sox
The Pittsfield Red Sox was the name of an American minor league baseball franchise based in Pittsfield, Massachusetts, from 1965 through 1969. It was the Double-A Eastern League affiliate in the Boston Red Sox farm system and produced future Major League Baseball players such as George Scott, Sparky Lyle, Reggie Smith and Hall of Famer Carlton Fisk. The team played at Wahconah Park.

Berkshire Brewers
The Berkshire Brewers were a minor league baseball team that operated in 1976. They played in the Eastern League. They were affiliated with the Milwaukee Brewers.

After that season, they moved to Holyoke, Massachusetts, where they took the nickname the Millers.
Junior Doctors: Your Life in Their Hands
Junior Doctors: Your Life in Their Hands is a BBC Three television series looking at how a group of foundation doctors cope with life on the wards. Three series have been broadcast to date, all narrated by Jason Done.

The first, broadcast in 2011, focused on seven foundation doctors at Newcastle General Hospital and Royal Victoria Infirmary in Newcastle upon Tyne, three of which were newly qualified FY1s and four being FY2s. The second series was broadcast in 2012 and followed six FY1s and two FY2s at Chelsea and Westminster Hospital in London. A third series, filmed at the Royal Liverpool University Hospital, was broadcast in 2013 and followed five FY1 doctors and two FY2 doctors.

On 9 March 2011 the show achieved BBC Three's highest ever ratings for a factual entertainment programme, when 1.44 million people watched the third episode of the first series.

Royal Liverpool University Hospital
Royal Liverpool University Hospital (RLUH) is a major teaching and research hospital located in the city of Liverpool, England. It is the largest and busiest hospital in Merseyside.

A major redevelopment of the hospital began in 2013 and was scheduled for completion in 2017, but construction problems and the 2018 collapse of main contractor Carillion meant it did not open until late 2022.

The hospital is part of NHS University Hospitals of Liverpool Group and is associated with the University of Liverpool, Liverpool John Moores University and the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine.
The Adventure of the Ectoplasmic Man
The Adventure of the Ectoplasmic Man is a 1985 mystery pastiche novel written by Daniel Stashower, featuring Sherlock Holmes and Dr. John Watson teaming up with famous magician Harry Houdini.

Titan Books republished the book in 2009, as part of its Further Adventures series, which collects a number of noted Holmesian pastiches, under the abbreviated title of The Ectoplasmic Man.

Titan Publishing Group
Titan Publishing Group is the publishing division of the British entertainment company Titan Entertainment, which was established as Titan Books in 1981. The books division has two main areas of publishing: film and television tie-ins and cinema reference books; and graphic novels and comics references and art titles. Its imprints are Titan Books, Titan Comics, Titan Magazines and Titan Manga.
Isaac S. Struble
Isaac Sterling Struble (November 3, 1843 – February 17, 1913) was an American politician who was a four-term Republican Representative of Iowa's 11th congressional district.  Serving from 1883 to 1891, the Plymouth County resident was a noted congressional opponent of plural marriage in the Utah Territory.

The member of a politically active family, Isaac's six brothers included John T. Struble of Iowa, and George R. Struble, former speaker of the Iowa House of Representatives. He was the granduncle of Bob Struble, Sr. and great-granduncle of Bob Struble, Jr.

Utah Territory
The Territory of Utah was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from September 9, 1850, until January 4, 1896, when the final extent of the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Utah, the 45th state.  At its creation, the Territory of Utah included all of the present-day State of Utah, most of the current state of Nevada save for a portion of Southern Nevada (including the metro area of the city of Las Vegas), much of modern western Colorado, and the extreme southwest corner of present-day Wyoming.
Cold Copy
Cold Copy is a 2023 American thriller film written and directed by Roxine Helberg and starring Bel Powley, Tracee Ellis Ross, James Tupper, Ekaterina Baker, Nesta Cooper, and Jacob Tremblay. It is Helberg's feature directorial debut.

Cold Copy was released on 26 January 2024.

James Tupper
James Tupper (born August 4, 1965) is a Canadian actor known for his roles as Jack Slattery on the ABC television series Men in Trees, Dr. Chris Sands on the NBC medical drama series Mercy, and David Clarke on ABC's Revenge. He also starred in the post-apocalyptic thriller Aftermath, on Space in Canada and Syfy in the U.S., and in the HBO series Big Little Lies.
Mars and the Mind of Man
Mars and the Mind of Man is a non-fiction book chronicling a public symposium at the California Institute of Technology on November 12, 1971. The panel consisted of five luminaries of science, literature, and journalism: Ray Bradbury; Arthur C. Clarke; Bruce C. Murray; Carl Sagan and Walter Sullivan. These five are the authors of this book. The symposium occurred shortly before the Mariner 9 space probe entered orbit around Mars. The book was published in 1973 by Harper and Row of New York.

Mariner 9
Mariner 9 (Mariner Mars '71 / Mariner-I) was a robotic spacecraft that contributed greatly to the exploration of Mars and was part of the NASA Mariner program. Mariner 9 was launched toward Mars on May 30, 1971, from LC-36B at Cape Canaveral Air Force Station, Florida, and reached the planet on November 14 of the same year, becoming the first spacecraft to orbit another planet – only narrowly beating the Soviet probes Mars 2 (launched May 19) and Mars 3 (launched May 28), both of which arrived at Mars only weeks later.

After the occurrence of dust storms on the planet for several months following its arrival, the orbiter managed to send back clear pictures of the surface. Mariner 9 successfully returned 7,329 images, covering 85% of Mars's surface, over the course of its mission, which concluded in October 1972.
Al-Muqanna
Al-Muqanna (Arabic: المقنع "The Veiled", died c. 783) born Hashim, (Arabic: هاشم), was an 8th-century political and military leader who operated in modern Iran. He led a rebellion against the Abbasid Caliphate and according to various Muslim historians, claimed to be a prophet. He was a major figure of the Khorrām-Dīn religious movement, which drew on both Zoroastrian and Islamic influences.

Iranian academics Said Nafisi and Amir-Hossein Aryanpour wrote about him in the context of the Khorrām-Dīnān, the religious movement he founded around AD 755.

Prophet
In religion, a prophet or prophetess is an individual who is regarded as being in contact with a divine being and is said to be a conduit for that being, serving as an intermediary with humanity by delivering messages or teachings from the supernatural source to other people. The message that the prophet conveys is called a prophecy.

Prophethood has existed in many cultures and religions throughout history, including Mesopotamian religion, Zoroastrianism, Judaism, Christianity, Manichaeism, Islam, the Baháʼí Faith, and Thelema.
Kyffhausen Castle
The Imperial Castle of Kyffhausen (German: Reichsburg Kyffhausen) is a medieval castle ruin, situated in the Kyffhäuser hills in the German state of Thuringia, close to its border with Saxony-Anhalt. Probably founded about 1000, it superseded the nearby imperial palace (Kaiserpfalz) of Tilleda under the rule of the Hohenstaufen emperors during the 12th and 13th centuries. Together with the Kyffhäuser Monument, erected on the castle grounds between 1890 and 1896, it is today a popular tourist destination. The castle is variously known in English as Kyffhausen Castle, Kyffhauser Castle,  Kyffhäuser Castle, and Kyffhaueser Castle.

Tilleda
Tilleda is a village and a former municipality in the Mansfeld-Südharz district, in the German state of Saxony-Anhalt. Since 1 July 2009, it has been part of the town Kelbra. Tilleda is located at the northern rim of the Kyffhäuser mountain range with the Kyffhäuser Monument, located in neighbouring Thuringia. The population is about 900.

Tilleda is notable mainly for having been the site of a medieval Royal palace or Pfalz which has been partially excavated and reconstructed.
Wolfgang Joklik
Wolfgang Karl "Bill" Joklik (November 16, 1926 – July 7, 2019) was a virologist and James B. Duke Professor Emeritus of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology at Duke University, from which he retired in 1993 after 25 years chairing the department. In 1981, he founded the American Society for Virology, the first scientific society specifically for virologists, and served a two-year term as its founding president. In the same year, he was elected to the United States National Academy of Sciences. He has been described as "one of the earliest molecular virologists" and is best known for his research on poxviruses and reoviruses, and for work on interferon proteins.

Sedoreoviridae
Sedoreoviridae (sedo = smooth) is a family of the Reovirales order of viruses. Viruses in this family are distinguished by the absence of a turreted protein on the inner capsid to produce a smooth surface.
Gadfly (philosophy and social science)
A gadfly is a person who interferes with the status quo of a society or community by posing novel, potentially upsetting questions, usually directed at authorities. The term has a modern use but it was originally associated with the ancient Greek philosopher Socrates, as portrayed in Plato's Apology when Socrates was on trial for his life.

Status quo
Status quo is a Latin phrase meaning the existing state of affairs, particularly with regard to social, economic, legal, environmental, political, religious, scientific or military issues. In the sociological sense, the status quo refers to the current state of social structure or values. With regard to policy debate, it means how conditions are contrasted with a possible change. For example: "The countries are now trying to maintain the status quo with regard to their nuclear arsenals." To maintain the status quo is to keep things the way they presently are.

The related phrase status quo ante, literally 'the status before', refers to the state of affairs that existed previously.
Sugandha Mishra
Sugandha Santosh Mishra (born 23 May 1988) is an Indian actress, playback singer, television presenter, comedian and radio jockey in the Indian film and television industry. She is known for her character in The Kapil Sharma Show. She was also noticed for her appearance in the TV reality show The Great Indian Laughter Challenge.

The Kapil Sharma Show
The Kapil Sharma Show (also known as TKSS) is an Indian Hindi language stand-up comedy and talk show that airs on Sony Entertainment Television. Hosted by comedian Kapil Sharma, the programme premiered on 23 April 2016.

The first season was set around Sharma and his neighbours living in the fictional Shantivan Non-Cooperative Housing Society. The show is filmed at Film City in Goregaon East, Mumbai.

The initial season was produced by Sharma’s production company K9 Productions in association with Frames Productions. From the second and third seasons, production responsibilities were shared by Salman Khan Television and Banijay Asia, along with K9 Productions, while TEAM (Triyambh Entertainment and Media) served as the creative producer.

The 5th season of the show premiered in September 2022, with Archana Puran Singh returning as the guest judge.
Summits farthest from the Earth's center
Although Mount Everest is the point with the highest elevation above sea level on the Earth, it is not the summit that is farthest from the Earth's center. Because of the equatorial bulge, the summit of Mount Chimborazo in the Andes is the point on the Earth that is farthest from the center, and is 2,168 m (7,113 ft) farther from the Earth's center than the summit of Everest. The second-farthest summit, Huascarán, also in the Andes, is only about 10 metres closer to the Earth's center.

Equatorial bulge
An equatorial bulge is a difference between the equatorial and polar diameters of a planet, due to the centrifugal force exerted by the rotation about the body's axis. A rotating body tends to form an oblate spheroid rather than a sphere.
Equiti (Dubai Metro)
Equiti (Arabic: إكويتي; formerly First Gulf Bank, First Abu Dhabi Bank and Umm Al Sheif) is a rapid transit station on the Red Line of the Dubai Metro in Dubai, UAE, serving Al Quoz and surrounding areas. The station is named after the Equiti Group.

Equiti station is located on the Sheikh Zayed Road near the major junction with Umm Suqeim Street. Nearby is the Gold and Diamond Park, immediately adjacent to the station, including the Old Library building. As well as Al Quoz, surrounding neighbourhoods include the eponymous Umm Al Sheif itself and Umm Suqeim. The station is close to a number of bus routes.

Al Quoz
Al Quoz (Arabic: القوز) or El Goze in Emirati Arabic is a district of Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE). Al Quoz is located in western Dubai. With a population of 355,356, Al Quoz stands as one of the most densely populated districts in both the Emirate of Dubai and the UAE as a whole. Al Quoz is primarily an industrial area, but is also known for its contemporary art galleries, shops, theaters, and restaurants.

It is bordered to the north by Al Wasl, Business Bay, and MBR City, to the south by Al Barsha and Dubai Hills, to the east by Nad Al Sheba, and to the west by Umm Al Sheif, Al Manara, and Al Safa, forming a long rectangle between Al Khail and Sheikh Zayed roads.
Roger de Saivre
Roger de Saivre (1908-1964) was a French politician. A supporter of the Révolution nationale, he served as co-Cabinet Secretary to Marshal Philippe Pétain from 1941 to 1942. He was deported to the Dachau concentration camp for his vocal criticisms of the Nazi invaders in 1943. After liberation in 1945, he served as a member of the National Assembly, from 1951 to 1955 representing French Algeria. He was a proponent of the French Empire.

Cabinet secretary
A cabinet secretary is usually a senior official (typically a civil servant) who provides services and advice to a cabinet of ministers as part of the Cabinet Office. In many countries, the position can have considerably wider functions and powers, including general responsibility for the entire civil service.

The title of cabinet secretary may also be used as an alternative term for a politically appointed cabinet minister, derived from secretary of state—the formal title for ministers. This naming convention is used in Japan, Kenya, Scotland and the United States.
Kesari (2020 film)
Kesari is a 2020 Indian Marathi language film directed by Sujay Sunil Dahake and produced by Santosh Ramchandani under the banner of Bhavna Films with Manohar Ramchandani as co-producer. The film starring Virat Madke, Rupa Borgaonkar, Mahesh Manjrekar, Vikram Gokhale, and Mohan Joshi follows the story of the sport of wrestling; this motivating story revolves around a young boy from a poor family who wants to win the Maharashtra Kesari title.
The music of the film is composed by AV Prafullachandra & Saket Kanetkar, The film was theatrically released on 28 February 2020.

Mahesh Manjrekar
Mahesh Vaman Manjrekar (Marathi pronunciation: [məɦeːʃ maːɲd͡zɾekəɾ]; born 16 August 1958) is an Indian actor, film director, screenwriter and producer who works primarily in Hindi, Marathi and Telugu films. He is best known for directing Vaastav: The Reality (1999), Astitva (2000) and Viruddh... Family Comes First (2005). He won a National Film Award for Best Feature Film in Marathi for Astitva and two Star Screen Awards. He was also the host of the reality show, Bigg Boss Marathi from 2018 until 2023.
Nakayama Zenye
Nakayama Zenye (中山 善衞, July 7, 1932 – June 24, 2014) was the third Shinbashira of Tenrikyo. He was the first son of Nakayama Shōzen, the second Shinbashira, and the great-great-grandson of Nakayama Miki, the foundress of Tenrikyo. He held the office from November 14, 1967 until April 26, 1998.

Nakayama Shōzen
Nakayama Shōzen (中山 正善, April 23, 1905 – November 14, 1967) was the second Shinbashira of Tenrikyo. He was the first son of Nakayama Shinnosuke, the first Shinbashira, and the great-grandson of Nakayama Miki, the foundress of Tenrikyo. He was Shinbashira from 1915 to 1967.
Dicle Dam
Dicle Dam is one of the 21 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project of Turkey. These facilities are located within the provincial territory of Diyarbakır, at a distance of 50 kilometres to Diyarbakır city centre. More specifically, the dam and the hydroelectric power plant are located in Eğil district, at a distance of 800 metres from the point of junction of the streams of Maden Stream and Dibni to form the Tigris, and 22 kilometres downstream of the Kralkızı Dam. Construction works were started in 1986 and the dam was completed in 1997. The dam has an installed hydroelectric capacity of 110 MW and is designed to ultimately irrigate 128,080 hectares. In 2001 a water transmission line and a water treatment plant were commissioned that provided about 85% of the drinking water for the city of Diyarbakir in 2010. In 2018 a gate of the dam broke the water lever decreased and a part of a village re-emerged in the Eğil district.

Kralkızı Dam
Kralkızı Dam is one of the 21 dams of the Southeastern Anatolia Project of Turkey in Batman. The hydroelectric power plant has a total installed power capacity of 94 MW. The dam was constructed between 1985 and 1997.

The amount of water in the Kralkızı Dam, which should have 2 billion cubic meters of water in its lake for electricity generation, dropped to 520 million cubic meters due to drought. Due to the decrease in the water level, electricity production was suspended for 46 days in January 2007, and it was reported that the water level should be at least 700 million cubic meters for energy production. These facilities are located on the Maden Stream, one of the important tributaries of the Tigris River, at a distance of 81 kilometres to Diyarbakır and 6 kilometres to the township of Dicle.
Paul Morris Motorsport
Paul Morris Motorsport, also known as its business name of Nemo Racing, is an Australian motor racing team that competed in V8 Supercars between 2000 and 2012. The team also won the 1997 AMP Bathurst 1000 and four Australian Super Touring Championships. The team is based at the Norwell Motorplex in Norwell, Queensland and currently competes in the Super3 Series.

Super3 Series
The Super3 Series & V8 Touring Car Series (formerly the Kumho Tyres Super3 Series, Kumho Tyres Australian V8 Touring Car Series and V8 Touring Car National Series) were two Australian motor racing competitions for touring cars. In 2019 it became the official third tier series for Supercars competitors, while the series itself remained independently owned and managed from Supercars. The cars must be deregistered cars from official Supercar teams and series, this is mainly as a preventive measure against a team building a brand new car to suit the regulations. In 2023 the V8 Touring Car Series would be revived to create a standalone unofficial fourth tier level V8 Supercars category however it would only last for that year's season. The two defunct series were known by the commercial identities of the Dunlop Super3 Series & Kumho Tyres Australian V8 Touring Car Series.
Salerno–Reggio di Calabria railway
The Salerno–Reggio Calabria railway (known in Italian as the ferrovia Tirrenica Meridionale, literally "the Southern Tyrrhenian railway") is the most important north–south railway connection between Sicily, Calabria and the rest of the Italian peninsula. It forms the southern section of Corridor 1 of the European Union's Trans-European high-speed rail network, which connects Berlin and Palermo. Its southern part, between Rosarno and San Lucido is also used as an RFI freight route between the Port of Gioia Tauro and the Adriatic railway.

The line is characterised by a track mostly close to the coast and is used by all categories of trains coming from Naples, Rome and other northern cities headed for Calabria, Sicily and on the initial section to Battipaglia, to Potenza. It also handles similar traffic in the opposite direction.

Tyrrhenian Sea
The Tyrrhenian Sea (/tɪˈriːniən, -ˈreɪ-/, tih-REE-nee-ən ,-RAY-; Italian: Mar Tirreno [mar tirˈrɛːno] or [-ˈreː-]) is part of the Mediterranean Sea off the western coast of Italy. Its namesake is from the Tyrrhenian people, identified with the Etruscans of Italy.
Duvernay Formation
The Duvernay Formation is a stratigraphic unit of Frasnian age in the Western Canadian Sedimentary Basin.

It was first described in well Anglo Canadian Beaverhill Lake No. 2 in LSD 11-11-50-17W4M by Imperial Oil staff in 1950. The formation was named by Andrichuk and Wonfor in 1954 for the type section in Duvernay, Alberta.

According to Canada's Alberta Energy Regulator, the Duvernay Formation "holds an estimated 443 trillion cubic feet of gas and 61.7 billion barrels of oil (Penny China Institute 2012-12)." Calgary-based, Athabasca Oil Corporation (formerly Athabasca Oil Sands Corporation), holds 640,000 acres, the largest publicly disclosed Duvernay rights.

Western Canada Sedimentary Basin
The Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB) underlies 1.4 million square kilometres (540,000 sq mi) of Western Canada including southwestern Manitoba, southern Saskatchewan, Alberta, northeastern British Columbia and the southwest corner of the Northwest Territories. This vast sedimentary basin consists of a massive wedge of sedimentary rock extending from the Rocky Mountains in the west to the Canadian Shield in the east. This wedge is about 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) thick under the Rocky Mountains, but thins to zero at its eastern margins. The WCSB contains one of the world's largest reserves of petroleum and natural gas and supplies much of the North American market, producing more than 450 million cubic metres (16 billion cubic feet) per day of gas in 2000. It also has huge reserves of coal. Of the provinces and territories within the WCSB, Alberta has most of the oil and gas reserves and almost all of the oil sands.