hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Charles-Amable Lenoir
Charles-Amable Lenoir (22 October 1860 – 1926) was a French painter. Like his mentor, William-Adolphe Bouguereau, he was an academic painter and painted realistic portraits as well as mythological and religious scenes. His artistic career was so prestigious that he won the Prix de Rome twice and was awarded the Légion d'honneur.

William-Adolphe Bouguereau
William-Adolphe Bouguereau (French pronunciation: [ˈwiljam ˈadɔlf ˈbuɡ(ə)ʁo]; 30 November 1825 – 19 August 1905) was a French academic painter. In his realistic genre paintings, he used mythological themes, making modern interpretations of classical subjects, with an emphasis on the female human body. During his life, he enjoyed significant popularity in France and the United States, was given numerous official honors, and received top prices for his work. As the quintessential salon painter of his generation, he was reviled by the Impressionist avant-garde. By the early twentieth century, Bouguereau and his art fell out of favor with the public, due in part to changing tastes. In the 1980s, a revival of interest in figure painting led to a rediscovery of Bouguereau and his work. He finished 822 known paintings, but the whereabouts of many are still unknown.
Grey Goose Island
Grey Goose Island is one of several, larger, uninhabited Canadian arctic islands in Nunavut, Canada located within the midsection of James Bay. Other comparable islands in the area include the Bear Islands, North and South Twin Islands, Spencer Island, Sunday Island, and Walter Island. La Grande River and the Cree village of Chisasibi, Quebec are 65 km (40 mi) to the southeast.

The island is low-lying and flat, dominated by rock and sand. It is devoid of trees, although there are grasses and other hardy plants. It is frequented by Arctic fox, Ringed seal, Beluga whale, caribou, and polar bears. A major migration route for geese, notable bird populations include American pipit, Arctic tern, black guillemot, common eider, common loon, great black-backed gull, gyrfalcon, herring gull, Pacific loon, purple sandpiper, red-necked phalarope, red-throated loon, and semipalmated plover.

North Twin Island (Nunavut)
North Twin Island is an uninhabited Arctic island located east of Akimiski Island in James Bay on the southern end of Hudson Bay. The smaller, similarly shaped, South Twin Island is located approximately 10 km southeast. Together, they are known as the Twin Islands, and are part of the Qikiqtaaluk Region of the Canadian territory of Nunavut.

It is an important breeding site for Canada Geese and Semipalmated Plovers. It is also home to resident willow ptarmigans and Arctic terns.
Mount Shasta, California
Mount Shasta (also known as Mount Shasta City) is a city in Siskiyou County, California, United States, at about 3,600 feet (1,100 m) above sea level on the flanks of Mount Shasta, a prominent northern California landmark. The city is less than 9 miles (14 km) southwest of the summit of its namesake volcano.

Mount Shasta is the final community up the Sacramento River, located along Interstate Highway 5 approximately 14 kilometers (9 miles) south of Weed and approximately 6 kilometers (3.7 miles) north of Dunsmuir, and marks the river's northern terminus approximately 2.5 kilometers (1.5 miles) downstream from the Sacramento River Forks.

Mount Shasta's population is 3,223 as of the 2020 census, a population change of -5.04% from 3,394 from the 2010 census.

Dunsmuir, California
Dunsmuir is a city in Siskiyou County, California. It is on the upper Sacramento River. Its population is 1,707 as of the 2020 census, up from 1,650 from the 2010 census.

Dunsmuir is currently a hub for tourism in Northern California, with Interstate 5 passing through it. Visitors enjoy fishing, skiing, climbing, or sight-seeing. During the steam locomotive railroad era, it was the site of an important Central Pacific (and later Southern Pacific) railroad yard, where extra steam locomotives were added to assist trains on the grade to the north.
1989 European Parliament election in Sardinia
The European Parliament election of 1989 took place on 18 June 1989.

Christian Democracy was the largest party in Sardinia. Mario Melis (Sardinian Action Party) was re-elected to the European Parliament in the Islands constituency, thanks to an alliance with several regionalist parties notably including the Valdostan Union.

1989 European Parliament election in Italy
The 1989 European Parliament election in Italy was held on 18 June 1989. The election was paired with 1989 Italian advisory referendum, a non-binding referendum about the devolution of powers to the European Economic Community (EEC), which passed with overwhelming support from voters.
Ainaži
Ainaži (Estonian: Heinaste; Livonian: Āinast) is a Latvian port town by the Gulf of Riga in the Baltic Sea. Administratively, it is part of the Limbaži Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. It is located on the south side of the Estonia-Latvia international border, on the site of an ancient Livonian fishing village. Ainaži is also the extraterritorial center of the adjacent Ainaži Parish.

Salacgrīva
Salacgrīva (pronounced [ˈsaɫɐt͡sˌgriːvɐ] ⓘ; German: Salismünde) is a town in Limbaži Municipality in the Vidzeme region of Latvia. The centre of the area surrounding Salacgrīva is the mouth of Salaca River, and the town's name literally means "Mouth of Salaca" in Latvian. Since 2007, it is famous for hosting Positivus Festival every July for 3 days attracting thousands of tourists.

The distance from Salacgrīva to the capital of Latvia - Riga is 103 km, to Limbaži – 50 km, to Valmiera – 95 km. Export of timber, wood-working industry, food production and trade are the most important factors in the economy of Salacgrīva.
Salma Hassan
Salma Hassan (born 25 February 1980) is a Pakistani actress. She is best known for her role in sitcom Sub Set Hai. Some of her other notable appearances include Tanhaiyan Naye Silsilay, Khaani, Do Bol, Pyar Ke Sadqay and Parizaad.

Parizaad
Parizaad (Urdu: پری‌زاد, lit. 'Fairy's child') is a Pakistani television series written by Hashim Nadeem, based on his novel of the same name, directed by Shahzad Kashmiri and produced by Momina Duraid Productions. It first started airing on Hum Television on 20 July 2021. The series stars Ahmed Ali Akbar in the title role alongside Yumna Zaidi, Ushna Shah, Nauman Ijaz, Mashal Khan, Urwa Hocane and Saboor Aly in prominent roles.

The last episode was aired in cinemas on 28 January 2022 and on television on 1 February 2022. The second season of the series is in development.

The series received critical acclaim with praise towards the script, direction, tackling the societal issues and Akbar's performance, who later won Best Actor and Best Actor Popular awards at 8th Hum Awards and Best TV Actor-Critics' choice at 21st Lux Style Awards. It also won Best TV Play and Best TV Writer award at the latter.
Financial repression
Financial repression refers to government implementation of policies to channel domestic funds to the public sector that in a deregulated market environment would go elsewhere. These policies are used to reduce the government's debt-to-GDP ratio. In the case of Japan, research suggests that financial repression can last for decades.

The term was introduced in 1973 by Stanford economists Edward S. Shaw and Ronald I. McKinnon to refer to well-intentioned but counterproductive policies that might impair a country’s economic development.

Real and nominal value
In economics, nominal value refers to value measured in terms of absolute money amounts, whereas real value is considered and measured against the actual goods or services for which it can be exchanged at a given time. Real value takes into account inflation and the value of an asset in relation to its purchasing power. In macroeconomics, the real gross domestic product compensates for inflation so economists can exclude inflation from growth figures, and see how much an economy actually grows. Nominal GDP would include inflation, and thus be higher.
Ronan Murray (footballer)
Ronan Michael Murray (born 12 September 1991) is an Irish footballer who plays as a forward. He is currently a player/coach at Dundalk in the League of Ireland Premier Division. Born in County Mayo, he has also played in the Football League for Ipswich Town, Torquay United, Swindon Town, Plymouth Argyle and Notts County, and in the League of Ireland for Galway United, Sligo Rovers and Drogheda United. Murray was capped by the Republic of Ireland from under-16 to under-21 level. He has also played Gaelic football with Belmullet GAA.

Republic of Ireland national under-21 football team
The Republic of Ireland national under-21 football team is a representative team of Irish football players. It is governed by the Football Association of Ireland and represents them at Under-21 level against the national teams of other national associations. The team played its first match in 1978 and has competed in the UEFA European Under-21 Championship since 1988.
Get Outta My Dreams, Get into My Car
"Get Outta My Dreams, Get into My Car" is a song by the Trinidadian-British singer Billy Ocean, based on a line in the Sherman Brothers' song "You're Sixteen". It was released as the first single from Ocean's seventh studio album, Tear Down These Walls (1988). Part of its popularity lay in its cutting-edge (for the time) music video, which features animation mixed with live-action sequences. The saxophone solo is performed by Vernon Jeffrey Smith.

"Get Outta My Dreams" became Ocean's third and final US number-one single, topping both the US Billboard Hot 100 and Hot Black Singles charts. It was also his seventh and most recent single to reach the US top 10. The song also peaked at number one in seven other countries, including Canada, where it was the country's most successful single of 1988, and at number three on the UK Singles Chart, making it Ocean's sixth and final top-10 hit there.

You're Sixteen
"You're Sixteen" is a song written by the Sherman Brothers (Robert B. Sherman and Richard M. Sherman). It was first performed by American rockabilly singer Johnny Burnette, whose version peaked at number eight on the US Billboard Hot 100 in December 1960 and number 3 in the UK in 1961. The song was covered by Ringo Starr in 1973 and this version reached number one in the US.
Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards 2007
The fifth annual Nickelodeon Australian Kids' Choice Awards were held on 10 October 2007 at the Sydney Entertainment Centre. The show was hosted by The Veronicas and Zac Efron. Voting for the nominees of the awards commenced on 1 July 2007 and ended on 22 July 2007 and on 1 August 2007 the full list of nominees were announced with new category Biggest Greenie (who is the person kids think is doing most to save the planet). On 14 August 2007 the voting commenced. Torrie Wilson and Bobby Lashley were also scheduled to appear.

Zac Efron
Zachary David Alexander Efron (/ˈɛfrɒn/; born October 18, 1987) is an American actor. Efron began acting professionally in the early 2000s and rose to prominence as a teen idol for his leading role as Troy Bolton in the High School Musical film series (2006–2008). During this time, he also starred in the musical film Hairspray (2007) and the comedy film 17 Again (2009).

Efron had starring roles in New Year's Eve (2011), The Lucky One (2012), The Paperboy (2012), Neighbors (2014), That Awkward Moment (2014) Dirty Grandpa (2016), Baywatch (2017), and The Greatest Showman (2017). His roles have included Ted Bundy in Extremely Wicked, Shockingly Evil and Vile (2019) and Kevin Von Erich in The Iron Claw (2023).

In 2021, he won a Daytime Emmy Award for hosting the Netflix travel show Down to Earth with Zac Efron (2020–2022).
University of Illinois/NCSA Open Source License
The University of Illinois/NCSA Open Source License is a permissive free software license, based on the MIT/X11 license and the 3-clause BSD license. By combining parts of these two licenses, it attempts to be clearer and more concise than either.

The license is the result of efforts by a University of Illinois committee set up in 2001. The intention was to create a new license standard for both the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) and the worldwide software community. It was formally certified as an open-source license during a March 28, 2002 board meeting of the Open Source Initiative (OSI).

Source code under the NCSA license can be incorporated into proprietary products without the reciprocity requirements that copyleft free software licenses raise. The license is compatible with all versions of the GNU General Public License. Notable software using the license includes LLVM and Clang (version 8.0.1 or earlier).

Open Source Initiative
The Open Source Initiative (OSI) is an American nonprofit organization that maintains The Open Source Definition (OSD), the predominant standard for open-source software. The organization was founded in February 1998 by Bruce Perens and Eric S. Raymond, part of a group inspired by the Netscape Communications Corporation publishing the source code for its flagship Netscape Communicator product. Later, in August 1998, the organization added a board of directors.

For most of its existence, the OSI's activities have been focused on the definition and certifying software licenses as compliant with it. OSI originally had a closed organizational model, but began to switch towards a membership organization in the 2010s to raise more money and expand its activities.
Theta Alpha Kappa
Theta Alpha Kappa (ΘΑΚ) is an American honor society for religious studies and theology. It was established in 1976 at Manhattan College in the Bronx, New York City, New York. It is a member of the Association of College Honor Societies.

Manhattan University
Manhattan University (previously Manhattan College) is a private, Catholic university in New York City, New York, US. Originally established in 1853 by the De La Salle Christian Brothers (Institute of the Brothers of the Christian Schools) as an academy for day students, it was later incorporated as an institution of higher education through a charter granted by the New York State Board of Regents. In 1922, it moved from Manhattan to the Riverdale section of the Bronx, roughly 6.4 miles (10.3 km) north of its original location on 131st Street in Manhattanville.
Battle of the Eastern Carpathians
The Battle of the Eastern Carpathians consisted in a series of military engagements between Romanian and Austro-Hungarian forces during October 1916, in World War I. The attempt of the Austro-Hungarian 1st Army to break through the Eastern Carpathians was simultaneous with that of the German 9th Army to force the passes of the Southern Carpathians. Both efforts failed.

Battle of the Southern Carpathians
The Battle of the Southern Carpathians was a major operation during the Romanian Campaign of World War I. The brainchild of German General Erich von Falkenhayn, the operation consisted in an attempt by the Central Powers (Germany and Austria-Hungary) to assault all of the passes in the Southern Carpathians at the same time, and exploit a success wherever it might have come. However, this did not happen, as Romanian defenses could not be defeated in any of the five areas that Falkenhayn's spread-out army tried to force.
Lick (music)
In popular music genres such as country, blues, jazz or rock music, a lick is "a stock pattern or phrase" consisting of a short series of notes used in solos and melodic lines and accompaniment. For musicians, learning a lick is usually a form of imitation. By imitating, musicians understand and analyze what others have done, allowing them to build a vocabulary of their own.

In a jazz band, a lick may be performed during an improvised solo, either during an accompanied solo chorus or during an unaccompanied solo break. Jazz licks are usually original short phrases which can be altered so they can be used over a song's changing harmonic progressions.

Break (music)
In popular music, a break is an instrumental or percussion section during a song derived from or related to stop-time – being a "break" from the main parts of the song or piece. A break is usually interpolated between sections of a song, to provide a sense of anticipation, signal the start of a new section, or create variety in the arrangement.
Sexual Harassment (album)
Sexual Harassment is the eight studio album by Norwegian rock band Turbonegro. It was released on 13 June 2012 through the band's label Scandinavian Leather Recordings, Universal Music and Volcom Entertainment. The album was produced by Matt Sweeney and is their first release to not feature founding member, guitarist and keyboardist Pål Pot Pamparius, the first since their debut album to not include singer Hank von Helvete, and the first since Ass Cobra to not feature drummer Chris Summers. It is also their first album with singer Tony "The Duke of Nothing" Sylvester and drummer Tommy Manboy, who both joined the band in 2011.

The album features instrumental and vocal contributions from Sweeney, Andrew W.K., Nate Newton and Benmont Tench, in addition to a songwriting contribution from Nick Oliveri. It is dedicated to Ryan Dunn of Jackass and Eivind Hovden, a Turbojugend member that was killed on Utøya during the 22 July attacks.

Turbojugend
Turbojugend, sometimes shortened to TJ, is the international fan club of the Norwegian rock band Turbonegro. A Turbojugend member can be recognised by their specially-made denim jackets with the Turbonegro logo and "Turbojugend [name of chapter]" stitched on the back. The logo of Turbojugend Oslo can be found on almost every album Turbonegro has made. There are more than 2300 Turbojugend chapters worldwide, with Turbojugend Oslo and Turbojugend St. Pauli believed to be the largest chapters.
5th Pennsylvania Regiment
The 5th Pennsylvania Regiment, first known as the 4th Pennsylvania Battalion, was raised December 9, 1775, at Chester, Pennsylvania, for service with the Continental Army. The regiment would see action at Brandywine, Paoli, Germantown, Monmouth, Springfield, Green Spring, and Yorktown. The regiment was disbanded on January 1, 1783.

The regiment was known for wearing blue uniforms with white facings along with a leather jockey cap or light infantryman's cap if available. Scarlet trousers were very popular for unknown reasons exclusively to the 5th. Some historians believe it is in relation to marking themselves as veterans of Paoli.

By 1780 the light infantry battalions of the 5th were dressed in full white hunting suits with red feathered blue jockey caps lined white.

Battle of Paoli
The Battle of Paoli, also known as the Battle of Paoli Tavern or the Paoli Massacre, was a battle in the Philadelphia campaign of the American Revolutionary War fought on September 20, 1777, in the area surrounding present-day Malvern, Pennsylvania. Following the Continental Army's retreat in the Battle of Brandywine and the aborted Battle of the Clouds, George Washington left a force behind under the command of Brigadier General Anthony Wayne to monitor and resist the British as they prepared to attack and occupy the revolutionary capital of Philadelphia.

On the evening of September 20, British forces under Major General Charles Grey led a surprise attack on Wayne's encampment near the Paoli Tavern in present-day Malvern, resulting in many American casualties. Due to American propagandists making false claims that the British gave no quarter to Wayne's troops, the engagement came to be known in the United States as the "Paoli Massacre."
Woodbridge, Detroit
Woodbridge is a historic neighborhood of primarily Victorian homes located in Detroit, Michigan. The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1980, with later boundary increases in 1997 and 2008. In addition to its historic value, Woodbridge is also notable for being an intact neighborhood of turn-of-the-century homes within walking or biking distance of Detroit's Downtown, Midtown, New Center, and Corktown neighborhoods.

Midtown Detroit
Midtown Detroit is a commercial and residential district located along the east and west side of Woodward Avenue, north of Downtown Detroit, and south of the New Center area. The area includes several historic districts. In addition, it contains a residential area of some 14,550 people and covers 2.09 sq mi. The community area of neighborhoods is bounded by the Chrysler Freeway (I-75) on the east, the Lodge Freeway (M-10) on the west, the Edsel Ford Freeway (I-94) on the north, and the Fisher Freeway (I-75) on the south.
The Last Trail (1933 film)
The Last Trail is a 1933 American pre-Code Western film directed by James Tinling and written by Stuart Anthony. The film stars George O'Brien, Claire Trevor, El Brendel, Matt McHugh, J. Carrol Naish, and George Reed. The film was released on August 25, 1933, by Fox Film Corporation. The picture was a remake of a 1921 film of the same name starring Wallace Beery.

George H. Reed
George Henry Reed (November 27, 1866 – November 6, 1952) was an African-American actor who worked in the Hollywood film industry in both the silent and sound eras. His first major film was the 1920 Huckleberry Finn where he played Jim. He is also remembered for the film The Green Pastures (1936), which featured an all–African American cast, and the orderly Conover in MGM's Dr. Kildare series.
South Carolina Highway 421
South Carolina Highway 421 (SC 421) is a 10.360-mile (16.673 km) state highway in the U.S. state of South Carolina. It is an alternate route to U.S. Route 1 (US 1) and US 78 between North Augusta and Aiken.

U.S. Route 78 in South Carolina
U.S. Route 78 (US 78) is a 142.207-mile (228.860 km) U.S. highway that travels from Swifton, Arkansas to Charleston, South Carolina. In the U.S. state of South Carolina, it travels from the Savannah River at North Augusta to its eastern terminus in Charleston; connecting the cities of Aiken, Summerville, and North Charleston.
Ass Back Home
"Ass Back Home" (edited version titled as "Get Yourself Back Home") is a song by American group Gym Class Heroes featuring British singer-songwriter Neon Hitch. The song was first released on October 31, 2011, as the second single from the group's fifth studio album, The Papercut Chronicles II. The track was co-written and produced by Benny Blanco, who also produced previous hit "Stereo Hearts". "Ass Back Home" became the group's third biggest hit on the Billboard Hot 100 when it peaked at number 12, also reaching number one in Australia, 11 in New Zealand, number 10 in Ireland, and 9 in The United Kingdom.

Stereo Hearts
"Stereo Hearts" is a song by American rap rock group Gym Class Heroes featuring Maroon 5 frontman Adam Levine. The song was released on June 14, 2011, as the lead single from the group's fifth studio album The Papercut Chronicles II (2011). The song topped the Billboard Mainstream Top 40 and also reached number four on the Hot 100.
Miss USA 2024
Miss USA 2024 was the 73rd Miss USA pageant, held at the Peacock Theater in Los Angeles, California on August 4, 2024.

Savannah Gankiewicz of Hawaii crowned Alma Cooper of Michigan as her successor at the end of the event. She represented the United States at Miss Universe 2024 in Mexico.

Peacock Theater
The Peacock Theater, formerly Nokia Theatre and Microsoft Theater, is a music and theater venue at L.A. Live in the downtown core of Los Angeles, California, United States. The theater auditorium seats 7,100 and holds one of the largest indoor stages in the United States, it is best known for hosting various award shows and other special events.
Chintamani (1937 film)
Chintamani is a 1937 Indian Tamil-language film directed by Y. V. Rao starring M. K. Thyagaraja Bhagavathar, Serugulathur Sama and Aswathamma. It was the first Tamil film to run for a year in a single theatre.

Serukalathur Sama
Swaminathan Vaidyanathan (26 June 1904—11 January 1963), known by his stage name Serukulathur Sama, was an Indian stage and film actor who was primarily known for playing the role of the Hindu god Krishna in Tamil language Hindu mythological films of the 1930s and 1940s.