hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Province of the Bohemian Forest Region
The Province of the Bohemian Forest Region or Bohemian Woods (German: Provinz Böhmerwaldgau; Czech: Šumavská župa) was an unrecognised province in Bohemia (in the present-day Czech Republic), self-proclaimed by local German officials at the end of the First World War in reaction to the 18 October 1918 proclamation of independence of the First Czechoslovak Republic. Its stated capital was at Prachatice (German: Prachatitz). It claimed parts of southwestern Bohemia in the Bohemian Forest once mainly populated by ethnic Germans, and sought to attach itself to the Province of Upper Austria in the unrecognised Republic of German-Austria, the rump state of Austria-Hungary that was in the process of falling apart.

Prachatice
Prachatice (Czech pronunciation: [ˈpraxacɪtsɛ] ⓘ; German: Prachatitz) is a town in the South Bohemian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 11,000 inhabitants. The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected as an urban monument reservation.
Oscar Roeser House
The Oscar Roeser House is a historic house in Grand Island, Nebraska. It was built by Henry Falldorf in 1908 for Oscar Roeser, a businessman from Michigan who lived here with his wife, née Minnie Stolley, and their son, Oscar. Roeser was of German descent, and he joined the Liederkranz in Grand Island. His house was designed in the Classical Revival style by Thomas Rogers Kimball. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since June 25, 1982.

Liederkranz (Grand Island, Nebraska)
The Liederkranz hall is a historic building in Grand Island, Nebraska. It was built in 1911-1912 for the local Liederkranz, or German-language choir, founded in 1870. Moreover, "All
meetings, programs, etc. were conducted in German until World War I when English became the official language" of the hall. The building was designed in the Classical Revival style by architect Oscar Kirche. It has been listed on the National Register of Historic Places since November 30, 1978. It is the only Liederkranz in Nebraska.
Blokdijk
Blokdijk is a hamlet in the municipality of Drechterland, in the Dutch province of North Holland. Until 2006, Blokdijk was part of the municipality Venhuizen.

Both Blokdijk and De Hout are formally a part of Wijdenes. Blokdijk arose at the dyke from Hoorn to Venhuizen. It was first mentioned in 1402 as Block-dyck, and means "enclosed pasture near a dike". Blokdijk does not have place name signs.

Wijdenes
Wijdenes (West Frisian: Venès) is a village in the Dutch province of North Holland. It is located in the municipality of Drechterland and the region of West-Frisia.

The village was first mentioned around 1312 as Widenesse, and means "wide headland". Wijdenes started as a peat excavation settlement in the 12th century. In 1282, a castle was built near the village by the count of Holland, but it was destroyed in 1296 by armies of West-Frisia.

The Dutch Reformed church was built in 1619 after the medieval church burnt down in 1616. The tower is from around 1500 and the balustrade and spire were added in 1839. The church is no longer in service, and is used as a recording studio and residential home.

Wijdenes was home to 347 people in 1840. It was a separate municipality between 1817 and 1970, when it was merged with Venhuizen.
Sherman's Way
Sherman's Way is a 2008 American independent comedy-drama film starring James LeGros, Enrico Colantoni, Lacey Chabert, Donna Murphy, Brooke Nevin, and Michael Shulman.  The film was directed by Craig Saavedra, written by Thomas R. Nance, and produced by Starry Night Entertainment. Sherman's Way completed principal photography in 2007 and was shot in Manhattan, and in Los Angeles, Clear Lake, and Kelseyville, California.

Enrico Colantoni
Enrico Colantoni (born February 14, 1963) is a Canadian actor and director, known for portraying Mathesar in Galaxy Quest, Elliot DiMauro in the sitcom Just Shoot Me!, Keith Mars on the television series Veronica Mars, Louis Utz on the short-lived sitcom Hope & Gloria, crime lord Carl Elias on Person of Interest, and Sergeant Greg Parker on the television series Flashpoint. He has also had supporting roles in such films as The Wrong Guy, A.I. Artificial Intelligence, Contagion, and A Beautiful Day in the Neighborhood, and guest appearances on Monk, Numb3rs, Party Down, Stargate SG-1, and Bones. He also starred as Allen Conner in Remedy, played Laura Hollis's father in season three of the online web series Carmilla, and played Vincent Brambilla on TV program Allegiance. On the stage, he also acted in the off-Broadway play Fear at the Lucille Lortel Theatre.
Cesvaine
Cesvaine (pronunciationⓘ, German: Seßwegen) is a town in Madona Municipality, Vidzeme Region, Latvia. It is home to the Cesvaine Palace, built in 1896 near the ruins of previous medieval castles. The town is also the extra-territorial center of Cesvaine Parish, of which the town is not a part of.

Madona Municipality
Madona Municipality (Latvian: Madonas novads) is a municipality in Vidzeme, Latvia. The administrative center is Madona.

The total area of the municipality is 2,153.4 square kilometres (831.4 sq mi), and the population in January 2013 was 26,953. Of these, economically active people were ~ 15,800 in Madona Municipality and 32,000 economically active people in the closest region.
Matsudaira Hirotada
Matsudaira Hirotada (松平 広忠, 9 June 1526 – 3 April 1549) was the lord of Okazaki Castle in Mikawa province, Japan during the Sengoku Period of the 16th century.
He is best known for being the father of Tokugawa Ieyasu, founder of the Tokugawa shogunate.

Okazaki Castle
Okazaki Castle (岡崎城, Okazaki-jō) is a Japanese castle located in Okazaki, Aichi Prefecture, Japan. At the end of the Edo period, Okazaki Castle was home to the Honda clan, daimyō of Okazaki Domain, but the castle is better known for its association with Tokugawa Ieyasu and the Tokugawa clan. The castle was also known as "Tatsu-jō" (龍城).
Jodi Are U Ready season 2
Jodi Are U Ready season 2 is the second season of the Indian Tamil-language dance reality show Jodi Are U Ready. It is aired on Star Vijay every Saturday and Sunday at 21:30 and premiered on 25 January 2025 and ended on 4 May 2025 with 29 episodes, which then was replaced by Cooku with Comali season 6 show. It is also available for streaming on Disney+ Hotstar.

The show is a competition wherein 12 talented male dancers with television and film celebrity are paired up couples compete against each other. Rio Raj and Angelina return to host. Actress Sridevi Vijaykumar and Choreographer Sandy Master will be joined by new judge Rambha.

The show was won by Abhinav and Rani Kumari, while Gowri shankar and Ananya  emerged as the runner up of the show. Gurunath and Arunima won third place.

Rambha (actress)
Yeedi Vijayalakshmi (born 5 June 1976), known professionally as Rambha, is an Indian former actress. She was one of the prominent actresses in Indian cinema in the 1990s and early 2000s. In an acting career spanning almost two decades, Rambha had appeared in more than 100 films across eight languages, predominantly in Telugu and Tamil, in addition to Hindi, Malayalam, and Kannada, along with a few Bengali, Bhojpuri and English films. Rambha made her debut with the Malayalam film Sargam.
Phlegethon
In Greek mythology, the river Phlegethon (Ancient Greek: Φλεγέθων, lit. 'flaming') or Pyriphlegethon (Πυριφλεγέθων, 'fire-flaming') is one of the five rivers in the infernal regions of the underworld, along with the rivers Styx, Lethe, Cocytus, and Acheron.

Styx
In Greek mythology, Styx (/ˈstɪks/ ⓘ; Ancient Greek: Στύξ [stýks]; lit. "Shuddering"), also called the River Styx, is a goddess and one of the rivers of the Greek Underworld. Her parents were the Titans Oceanus and Tethys, and she was the wife of the Titan Pallas and the mother of Zelus, Nike, Kratos, and Bia. She sided with Zeus in his war against the Titans, and because of this, to honor her, Zeus decreed that the solemn oaths of the gods be sworn by the water of Styx.
Antonio Hester
Antonio Kurtis Hester (born May 22, 1990) is an American professional basketball player who last played for the Terrafirma Dyip of the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). In 2014, he won the Peruvian championship with Real Club de Lima and in 2018, he won the Icelandic Basketball Cup with Tindastóll. Listed at 198 cm, he primarily plays the power forward and center positions.

Terrafirma Dyip
The Terrafirma Dyip is a professional basketball team playing in the Philippine Basketball Association (PBA). The team is owned by Terrafirma Realty Development Corporation and originally played under its affiliate company Columbian Autocar Corporation (under the Kia (Sorento, Carnival, Picanto), Mahindra (Enforcer, Floodbuster) and Columbian (Dyip) brands).
Cowan Bank
Cowan Bank is an 8.6-kilometre (5 mi) double-track section of the standard gauge Main North line in New South Wales, Australia. It starts at Cowan station, 48.8 kilometres (30 mi) north of Sydney Central, descending from 200 metres (656 ft) AHD to sea level at Hawkesbury River station. It has an average grade of 2.5% (1 in 40).

Main Northern railway line
The Main Northern railway line (also known as the Great Northern Railway) is a major railway in New South Wales, Australia, running from Strathfield in Sydney to Armidale.

The 1980s saw the line closed progressively north of Armidale; passenger services north of Tamworth were cancelled in 1990 but were reintroduced as far as the former two years later.

The Sydney–Brisbane rail corridor now branches off the Great Northern Railway after Maitland and follows the North Coast line.
Karen L. Henderson
Karen LeCraft Henderson (born July 11, 1944) is an American lawyer and jurist serving since 1990 as a U.S. circuit judge on the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit. She was previously a district judge on the U.S. District Court for the District of South Carolina from 1986 to 1990.

United States District Court for the District of South Carolina
The United States District Court for the District of South Carolina (in case citations, D.S.C.) is the federal district court whose jurisdiction is the state of South Carolina. Court is held in the cities of Aiken, Anderson, Beaufort, Charleston, Columbia, Florence, Greenville, and Spartanburg.

Appeals from the District of South Carolina are taken to the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The United States attorney for the District of South Carolina represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of April 28, 2025, the acting United States attorney is Bryan Stirling.
Fangs of the Wild (1954 film)
Fangs of the Wild is a 1954 American adventure western film directed by William F. Claxton starring Onslow Stevens, Margia Dean, Freddy Ridgeway, Phil Tead, Robert Stevenson and Charles Chaplin Jr. It was produced and distributed as a second feature by Lippert Pictures.

Charles Chaplin Jr.
Charles Spencer Chaplin III (May 5, 1925 – March 20, 1968), known professionally as Charles Chaplin Jr., was an American actor. He was the elder son of Charlie Chaplin and Lita Grey, and is known for appearing in 1950s films such as The Beat Generation and Fangs of the Wild.
Ivan Kramskoi
Ivan Nikolayevich Kramskoi (Russian: Иван Николаевич Крамской; 8 June [O.S. 27 May] 1837 – 5 April [O.S. 24 March] 1887) was a Russian Realist painter and art critic. One of the most prominent artisans during Tsar Alexander II's reign, he is remembered as co-founding member and public frontman of the Peredvizhniki movement.

Ivan Shishkin
Ivan Ivanovich Shishkin (Russian: Иван Иванович Шишкин; 25 January [O.S. 13 January] 1832 – 20 March [O.S. 8 March] 1898) was a Russian landscape painter and graphic artist, one of the most famous landscape painters of the post-reform era, and the creator of the iconic painting Morning in a Pine Forest. He was an academician (from 1865), professor (from 1873) and full member (from 1893, under the new charter) of the Imperial Academy of Arts, as well as a professor and head of the landscape workshop at the Higher Art School (1894–1895). He was also one of the founding members of the Peredvizhniki movement (from 1870).
Rouwen Hennings
Rouwen Hennings (born 28 August 1987) is a German professional footballer who plays as a forward.

Hennings has previously played for Hamburger SV, VfL Osnabrück, FC St. Pauli, and Karlsruher SC in the Bundesliga, 2. Bundesliga, and 3. Liga. He has played international football for Germany's under-19, under-20, and under-21 level, making 21 caps and scoring 13 goals for the latter.

Germany national under-20 football team
Germany national under-20 football team, also known as Germany Under-20s or Germany U20(s), represents Germany in association football at an under-20 age level and is controlled by German Football Association, the governing body for football in Germany.

Because there is no under-20 competition at UEFA level, Germany's under-20 side has generally only played competitive matches when it has qualified for the FIFA U-20 World Cup, which is held every 2 years, via the under-19 championship. Since the 2017–18 season, Germany also contest the Under 20 Elite League, winning the inaugural season.
Ella Stevens
Ella Hendley Stevens (born December 11, 1997) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Boston Legacy FC of the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). She played college soccer for the Duke Blue Devils before being drafted by the Chicago Red Stars in the 2020 NWSL College Draft.

2020 NWSL College Draft
The 2020 NWSL College Draft was the eighth annual meeting of National Women's Soccer League (NWSL) franchises to select newly eligible college players for the 2020 NWSL season. It was held on January 16, 2020, in conjunction with the United Soccer Coaches Convention at the Baltimore Convention Center in Baltimore, Maryland.
Sorbetes
Sorbetes in the Philippines refers to a traditional ice cream originating in the country, uniquely characterized by the use of coconut milk and/or carabao milk. It is served on a wafer cone or sandwiched in a bread bun. It is distinct from the similarly named sorbet and sherbet. The term is borrowed from Spanish as the plural form of sorbete which refers to sorbet. It is often pejoratively called "dirty ice cream" in contrast to brand-product ice cream, such as those made by Magnolia or Nestlé. It is traditionally peddled in colorful wooden pushcarts by street vendors called "sorbeteros". It is served in various flavors (usually dyed in bright colors) in small wafer or sugar cones and more recently, as a pandesal bread ice cream sandwich.

Bun
A bun is a type of bread that is round and small enough that it can generally be eaten hand-held. Whether a bun is considered sweetened or unsweetened differs between countries: it is considered sweetened in England, Scotland and Wales, a savory bread in Northern Ireland, and either a sweet bread or a savory bread roll in the United States.
Mpho Tutu van Furth
Mpho Andrea Tutu van Furth (born 1963) is a South African Anglican priest, author and activist. She is the daughter of Archbishop Desmond and Leah Tutu. She co-wrote two books with her father, and a biography about him with the journalist Allister Sparks. She was ordained in 2003 as a priest in the Episcopal Church in the United States, and later served in the Anglican Church of Southern Africa. Since 2016, the South African church will not permit her to work as a priest because she is married to a woman, Marceline van Furth. In 2015 they moved to the Netherlands, Marceline's native country, where she has served as a priest in Amsterdam with the Convocation of Episcopal Churches in Europe since 2022.

Allister Sparks
Allister Haddon Sparks (10 March 1933 – 19 September 2016) was a South African writer, journalist, and political commentator. He was the editor of The Rand Daily Mail when it broke Muldergate, the story of how the apartheid government secretly funded information projects.
1984–85 Hartford Whalers season
The 1984–85 Hartford Whalers season was the Whalers' sixth season in the National Hockey League (NHL). The Whalers failed to qualify for the post-season for the fifth consecutive season. The Whalers finished with a 30–41–9 record, earning 69 points, which was their highest point total since the 1979–80 season. Hartford finished 13 points behind the fourth place Boston Bruins for the final playoff position in the Adams Division.

1984–85 NHL season
The 1984–85 NHL season was the 68th season of the National Hockey League. The Edmonton Oilers won their second straight Stanley Cup by beating the Philadelphia Flyers four games to one in the final series.
Michael Sturt
Michael Ormonde Cleasby Sturt (born 12 September 1941) is an English businessman and cricketer.

Mike Sturt was born in Wembley, Middlesex. He played county cricket for Middlesex County Cricket Club in six separate seasons between 1961 and 1978, as a right-handed lower-order batsman and a highly efficient deputy wicketkeeper, for most of the period playing only when John Murray was not available through Test or other commitments. He was a member of Middlesex's championship-winning team of 1976 after Mike Brearley asked him to play when the county's other wicket-keepers became unavailable.

Sturt combined a successful business career in the City with his cricket. He was a longtime committee member for both Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) and Middlesex. He has served as an MCC Trustee and as the County Chairman of Middlesex in 1993, before he suddenly resigned due to "a matter of principle".

Mike Brearley
John Michael Brearley OBE (born 28 April 1942) is a retired English first-class cricketer who captained Cambridge University, Middlesex, and England to three successive Ashes series wins. He was the captain of the English squad which finished as runners-up at the 1979 Cricket World Cup.

Brearley captained the international side in 31 of his 39 Test matches, winning 18 and losing only 4. He was the President of the Marylebone Cricket Club (MCC) in 2007–08. Since his retirement from professional cricket he has pursued a career as a psychoanalyst, psychotherapist (registered with the BPC), motivational speaker, and writer, serving as President of the British Psychoanalytical Society 2008–10. In 2015, an article in the Bleacher Report ranked Brearley as England's greatest-ever cricket captain.
Elayne Rapping
Elayne Antler Rapping (December 24, 1938 – June 7, 2016) was an American critic and analyst of popular culture and social issues. She authored several books covering topics such as media theory, popular culture, women's issues, and the portrayal of the legal system on television. As a regular contributor to such publications as The Nation, The Progressive, and The New York Times, she wrote on a wide variety of cultural issues including film and movie reviews.

Media studies
Media studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history, and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media. Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but it mostly draws from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences, and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, and information theory.
Bansang
Bansang is a town in the Central River Division of the Gambia, with a population of 8,843 (2012). Although the official government center of the Division is located in Janjanbureh downstream, Bansang has better access to the more affluent coastal region of the country, and is sometimes considered the unofficial "upcountry" economic capital.

The town is a market for peanuts, rice and fish.

Janjanbureh
Janjanbureh or Jangjangbureh is a town, founded in 1823, on Janjanbureh Island, also known as MacCarthy Island, in the Gambia River in eastern Gambia.  Until 1995, it was known as Georgetown and was the second largest town in the country.  It is the capital of Janjanbureh Local Government Area (formerly the Central River Division), and the Janjanbureh district. The population of the Janjanbureh LGA was 127,333 at the 2013 population census.
Direct product of groups
In mathematics, specifically in group theory, the direct product is an operation that takes two groups G and H and constructs a new group, usually denoted G × H.  This operation is the group-theoretic analogue of the Cartesian product of sets and is one of several important notions of direct product in mathematics.

In the context of abelian groups, the direct product is sometimes referred to as the direct sum, and is denoted .  Direct sums play an important role in the classification of abelian groups: according to the fundamental theorem of finite abelian groups, every finite abelian group can be expressed as the direct sum of cyclic groups.

Abelian group
In mathematics, an abelian group, also called a commutative group, is a group in which the result of applying the group operation to two group elements does not depend on the order in which they are written. That is, the group operation is commutative. With addition as an operation, the integers and the real numbers form abelian groups, and the concept of an abelian group may be viewed as a generalization of these examples. Abelian groups are named after the Norwegian mathematician Niels Henrik Abel.

The concept of an abelian group underlies many fundamental algebraic structures, such as fields, rings, vector spaces, and algebras. The theory of abelian groups is generally simpler than that of their non-abelian counterparts, and finite abelian groups are very well understood and fully classified.
Heresy in Christianity
Heresy in Christianity denotes the formal denial or doubt of a core doctrine of the Christian faith as defined by one or more of the Christian churches.

As Christianity became established as a church, it defined orthodoxy and combated deviation from it by developing ecclesiastical, universal, and ecumenical councils. Excommunication, inquisition, and execution (by civil authorities) were used against heretics who refused to recant, and major heresies were sometimes dealt with by military crusades. With the growth of toleration and ecumenicalism, inquisitions have been abandoned.

The first Christian executed for heresy was Priscillian in 385 CE, and the last was Cayetano Ripoll, (accused of Deism) in 1826 CE.
Some notable heresies in Christian history have been Arianism, Marcionism, Donatism, Catharism, Docetism, Gnosticism, Pelagianism, Conciliarism, and Lollardy.

Priscillian
Priscillian (in Latin: Priscillianus; Gallaecia, c. 340 – Augusta Treverorum, Gallia Belgica, c. 385) was a wealthy nobleman of Roman Hispania who promoted a strict form of Christian asceticism. He became bishop of Ávila in 380. Certain practices of his followers (such as meeting at country villas instead of attending church) were denounced at the Council of Zaragoza in 380. Tensions between Priscillian and bishops opposed to his views continued, as well as political maneuvering by both sides. Around 385, Priscillian was charged with sorcery and executed by authority of the Emperor Maximus. The ascetic movement Priscillianism is named after him, and continued in Hispania and Gaul until the late 6th century. Tractates by Priscillian and close followers, which were thought lost, were discovered in 1885 and published in 1889.