hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Constantine Barbaros
Constantine (Greek: Κωνσταντῖνος), surnamed Barbaros ("the barbarian", ὁ βάρβαρος), was a Byzantine eunuch servant who rose to become parakoimomenos (head chamberlain) of the Byzantine emperor Leo VI the Wise in 911–912, displacing his own former master, Samonas. He held again the post during the regency of Zoe Karbonopsina in 913–919, where he played an important role in the governance of the state. He lost his post after he supported his relative Leo Phokas the Elder in his unsuccessful rivalry with Romanos I Lekapenos over control of the throne, but he was later appointed to the post of primikerios by Lekapenos.

Leo VI the Wise
Leo VI, also known as Leo the Wise (Greek: Λέων ὁ Σοφός, romanized: Léōn ho Sophós; 19 September 866 – 11 May 912), was Byzantine Emperor from 886 to 912. The second ruler of the Macedonian dynasty (although his parentage is unclear), he was very well read, leading to his epithet. During his reign, the renaissance of letters, begun by his predecessor Basil I, continued; but the empire also saw several military defeats in the Balkans against Bulgaria and against the Arabs in Sicily and the Aegean. His reign also witnessed the formal discontinuation of several ancient Roman institutions, such as the separate office of Roman consul.
Lebanon at the 1960 Winter Olympics
Lebanon competed in the 1960 Winter Olympics, which was held from 18 to 28 February 1960 at the Squaw Valley Ski Resort in Olympic Valley, California, United States. This was Lebanon's fourth appearance in a Winter Games after their debut in 1948. It also marked their return to the Olympics after boycotting the 1956 Summer Olympics due to the Suez Crisis. The nation sent two male alpine skiers: Ibrahim Geagea, whose best result was 56th in the men's downhill event, and Nazih Geagea, whose best result was 49th in the men's giant slalom event.

Olympic Valley, California
Olympic Valley (historically and informally known as Squaw Valley) is an unincorporated community located in Placer County, California, United States. It lies northwest of Tahoe City along California State Highway 89 on the banks of the Truckee River near Lake Tahoe. It is home to Palisades Tahoe (formerly Squaw Valley Ski Resort), the site of the 1960 Winter Olympics. Olympic Valley is the smallest resort area to host the Olympic Winter Games.
Max Sonin
Maxim Sonin (Russian: Макси́м Константи́нович Со́нин, born 15 March 1998), is a Russian writer who has published several novels dealing with LGBTQ+ and violence with AST (publisher) and Popcorn Books (Russian: Popcorn Books). Their debut novel, The Letters till Midnight (Russian: «Пи́сьма до полу́ночи»), a young adult drama, was the first Russian-language book by a major publishing house that mentioned LGBTQ-relationship in the publisher's announcement. The Letters till Midnight has become a regular target of attacks and was blacklisted in 2022 as a part of the government crackdown on LGBTQ+ community in Russia.

Sonin obtained their BA from Haverford College in Pennsylvania, United States in 2019 and MA from University of Chicago, United States in 2022.

AST (publisher)
AST (Russian: АСТ) is one of the largest book publishing companies in Russia, headed by Oleg Bartenev (Олег Бартенев). It owns a bookstores chain "Bukva" (Russian: Буква, lit. A Letter).

Among AST partners are publishing companies Astrel, Zebra E, Molodaya Gvardiya, CenterCom, bookstores Moscow and Biblio Globus and online shops, such as Ozon.ru. It also owns comic book and manga publisher Comics Factory.
Reprise Records
Reprise Records is an American record label founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra. It is owned by Warner Music Group, and operates through Warner Records, one of its flagship labels.

Artists currently signed to Reprise Records include Green Day, Enya, Michael Bublé, Eric Clapton, Stevie Nicks, Neil Young, Deftones, Lindsey Buckingham, Josh Groban, Disturbed, Idina Menzel, My Chemical Romance, Gerard Way, Dwight Yoakam, Never Shout Never, and Billy Strings.

Gerard Way
Gerard Arthur Way (born April 9, 1977) is an American singer, songwriter, and comic book writer. He is best known as the lead vocalist and co-founder of the rock band My Chemical Romance. He released his debut solo album, Hesitant Alien, in 2014.

Way co-created and wrote the comic series The True Lives of the Fabulous Killjoys and The Umbrella Academy, the latter of which was later adapted into a popular Netflix series that ran for four seasons. He is also the founder of DC Comics' Young Animal imprint, and wrote the imprint's flagship series, Doom Patrol.
Gemma Craven
Gemma Craven  (born 1 June 1950) is an Irish actress, now retired. She is best known for her roles as Cinderella in the film The Slipper and the Rose (1976) and as Joan Parker, the frigid wife of Arthur (Bob Hoskins), in the BBC TV drama Pennies From Heaven (1978).

Pennies from Heaven (TV series)
Pennies from Heaven is a 1978 BBC musical drama serial written by Dennis Potter. The title is taken from the song "Pennies from Heaven" written by Johnny Burke and Arthur Johnston. It was one of several Potter serials (another being The Singing Detective) to mix the reality of the drama with a dark fantasy content, and the earliest of his works where the characters burst into extended performances of popular songs.
Kaluga constituency
The Kaluga constituency (No.99) is a Russian legislative constituency in Kaluga Oblast. The constituency covers half of Kaluga, northern and western Kaluga Oblast.

The constituency has been represented since 2021 by United Russia deputy Olga Korobova, former Commissioner for Children's Rights of Kaluga Oblast, who won the open seat, succeeding one-term United Russia incumbent Aleksandr Avdeyev after the latter decided to successfully seek re-election only through party list representation.

Kaluga Oblast
Kaluga Oblast (Russian: Калу́жская о́бласть, romanized: Kaluzhskaya oblastʹ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast). Its administrative center is the city of Kaluga. The 2021 Russian Census found a population of 1,069,904.
Wrack (novel)
Wrack is a novel written by Australian author James Bradley. It was first published in 1997 by Random House Australia. The novel centres around archaeologist David Norfolk as he searches for a Portuguese shipwreck off the coast of New South Wales. Wrack is Bradley's first published work of fiction and has been nominated for various awards including the Miles Franklin Award and Australia's Commonwealth Writer's Prize for Best First Book.

Wrack was selected by the Board of Studies, Teaching and Educational Standards to be included in the list of prescribed texts for English in the Higher School Certificate from 1999 to 2000 as well as from 2015 to 2018.

Commonwealth Foundation prizes
Commonwealth Foundation has presented a number of prizes since 1987. The main award was called the Commonwealth Writers' Prize and was composed of two prizes: the Best Book Prize (overall and regional) was awarded from 1987 to 2011; the Best First Book prize was awarded from 1989 to 2011. In addition the Commonwealth Short Story Competition was awarded from 1996 to 2011.

Beginning in 2012, Commonwealth Foundation discontinued its previous awards and created a new cultural initiative called Commonwealth Writers, which offered two new awards: the Commonwealth Book Prize for the best first book, in which regional winners received £2,500 and the overall winner received £10,000; and the Commonwealth Short Story Prize for the best short stories, in which regional winners received £1,000 and the overall winner received £5,000. After two years, the Book Prize was discontinued. The Short Story Prize remains the sole award from Commonwealth Writers.
Apparent retrograde motion
Apparent retrograde motion is the apparent motion of a planet in a direction opposite to that of other bodies within its system, as observed from a particular vantage point. Direct motion or prograde motion is motion in the same direction as other bodies.

While the terms direct and prograde are equivalent in this context, the former is the traditional term in astronomy. The earliest recorded use of prograde was in the early 18th century, although the term is now less common.

Supersynchronous orbit
A supersynchronous orbit is either an orbit with a period greater than that of a synchronous orbit, or just an orbit whose major axis is larger than that of a synchronous orbit. A synchronous orbit has a period equal to the rotational period of the body which contains the barycenter of the orbit.
Seven Tears (song)
"Seven Tears" is a song by the Goombay Dance Band, released in 1981. It was released as the only single from their third studio album, Holiday in Paradise, and was subsequently featured on the UK-only compilation Seven Tears.

Written by Wolff-Ekkehardt Stein and Wolfgang Jass, and produced by Jochen Peterson, "Seven Tears" was a major hit across Europe in the winter and spring of 1982. The song spent three weeks at number one on the UK Singles Chart, being the fourth time a German act had topped the UK chart, six weeks after Kraftwerk had achieved that feat with "The Model" in 1982 and Boney M with "Rivers Of Babylon" and "Mary's Boy Child" in 1978.

Rivers of Babylon
"Rivers of Babylon" is a Rastafari song written and recorded by Brent Dowe and Trevor McNaughton of the Jamaican reggae group the Melodians in 1970. The lyrics are adapted from the texts of Psalms 19 and 137 in the Hebrew Bible. The Melodians' original version of the song appeared on the soundtrack album for the 1972 movie The Harder They Come, which made it internationally known.

The song was popularized in Europe by the 1978 Boney M. cover version, which was awarded a platinum disc and is one of the top-ten, all-time best-selling singles in the UK. The B-side of the single, "Brown Girl in the Ring", also became a hit.
I Can't Think Straight
I Can't Think Straight is a 2008 British romantic drama film directed by Shamim Sarif. Based on Sarif's 2008 novel of the same name, the film tells the story of a London-based Jordanian of Palestinian descent, Tala, who is preparing for an elaborate wedding when a turn of events causes her to have an affair, and subsequently fall in love, with another woman, Leyla, a British Indian. The film stars Lisa Ray and Sheetal Sheth.

I Can't Think Straight was produced by Enlightenment Productions and distributed in the United States by Regent Releasing and Here! Films. It was released in different regions between 2008 and 2009. The DVD was released on 4 May 2009.

The lead actresses, Ray and Sheth, also starred in Sarif's 2007 lesbian-themed historical drama film The World Unseen.

British Indians
British Indians  are citizens of the United Kingdom (UK) whose ancestral roots are from India. 
Currently, the British Indian population exceeds 2 million people in the UK, making them the single largest visible ethnic minority population in the country. They make up the largest subgroup of British Asians and are one of the largest Indian communities in the Indian diaspora, mainly due to the Indian–British relations (including historical links such as India having been part of the British Empire and still being part of the Commonwealth of Nations). The British Indian community is the sixth largest in the Indian diaspora, behind the Indian communities in the United States, Saudi Arabia, the United Arab Emirates, Malaysia and Nepal. The majority of British Indians are of Punjabi and Gujarati origin with various other smaller communities from different parts of India including Kerala, West Bengal, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.
Bachhowal
Bachhowal is a medium-size village in Phillaur tehsil of Jalandhar District of Punjab State, India. It is located 9.5 km away from Goraya, 43 km from Jalandhar and 117 km from state capital Chandigarh. Bachhowal has postal head office in Bara Pind which is 10 km away from the village. The village is administrated by a sarpanch who is an elected representative of village as per Panchayati raj (India).

Bara Pind
Bara Pind is a village in Phillaur Tehsil of the Jalandhar district of Punjab, India. It is on the Goraya to Apra  road, close to  dhulta village. Bara Pind is well linked by road with Phagwara, Phillaur, Goraya and other neighboring villages and towns. It has historical gurudwaras, mandirs and mosques.

Goraya Railway Station (5 km) serves this area. The nearest airport is at Ludhiana. Bara Pind's population is around 4500 people. There are 9 gurudwaras, 4 mandirs, 2 mosques, 4 schools and 2 stadiums. Bara Pind is one of the biggest towns in the area. Bhai Kulveer Singh Khalsa is also from Bara Pind.
Opus card
Opus (stylized as OPUS) is a rechargeable, dual interface (contact/contactless) smart card automated fare collection system using the Calypso Standard and is used by major public transit operators in Greater Montreal and Quebec City, Quebec, Canada. It complies with the ISO/IEC 14443 standard for smartcards and can be read by smartphones with an NFC antenna.

The name of the card in French, Carte Opus, is a pun on the word in French for smart cards with embedded chips, carte à puce.

Near-field communication
Near-field communication (NFC) is a set of communication protocols that enables communication between two electronic devices over a distance of 4 cm (1+1⁄2 in) or less. NFC offers a low-speed connection through a simple setup that can be used for the bootstrapping of capable wireless connections. Like other proximity card technologies, NFC is based on inductive coupling between two electromagnetic coils present on an NFC-enabled device such as a smartphone. NFC communicating in one or both directions uses a frequency of 13.56 MHz in the globally available unlicensed radio-frequency ISM band, compliant with the ISO/IEC 18000-3 air-interface standard at data rates ranging from 106 to 848 kbit/s.

The NFC Forum has helped define and promote the technology, setting standards for certifying device compliance. Secure communications are available by applying encryption algorithms, as is done for credit cards, and if they fit the criteria for being considered a personal area network.
Gasoline gallon equivalent
Gasoline gallon equivalent (GGE) or gasoline-equivalent gallon (GEG) is the amount of an alternative fuel it takes to equal the energy content of one liquid gallon of gasoline. GGE allows consumers to compare the energy content of competing fuels against a commonly known fuel, namely gasoline.

It is difficult to compare the cost of gasoline with other fuels if they are sold in different units and physical forms. GGE attempts to solve this. One GGE of CNG and one GGE of electricity have exactly the same energy content as one gallon of gasoline. In this way, GGE provides a direct comparison of gasoline with alternative fuels, including those sold as a gas (natural gas, propane, hydrogen) and as metered electricity.

Kilowatt-hour
A kilowatt-hour (unit symbol: kW⋅h or kW h; commonly written as kWh) is a non-SI unit of energy equal to 3.6 megajoules (MJ) in SI units, which is the energy delivered by one kilowatt of power for one hour. Kilowatt-hours are a common billing unit for electrical energy supplied by electric utilities. Metric prefixes are used for multiples and submultiples of the basic unit, the watt-hour (3.6 kJ).
John Frederick Adair
John Frederick Adair (20 January 1852 – 1 April 1913) was an Irish mathematician and physicist who taught in England and Australia.  He was a keen cricketer who played first-class cricket for Cambridge University in 1875.

Adair was born at St Stephen's Green, Dublin, the son of John Adair, a lawyer. He studied at Trinity College Dublin being a scholar in 1871 and being awarded BA in mathematics in 1873. In 1874 he was admitted at Pembroke College, Cambridge and was awarded BA in mathematics (7th Wrangler) in 1878. From 1878 and 1879 he was an assistant master at Derby School and from 1887 to 1890 he was a demonstrator in physics at the University of Sydney. Adair died at Ballsbridge, County Dublin, Ireland at the age of 61.

Pembroke College, Cambridge
Pembroke College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge, England. The college is the third-oldest college of the university and has over 700 students and fellows. It is one of the university's larger colleges, with buildings from almost every century since its founding, as well as extensive gardens. Its members are termed "Valencians". The college's Master is the art historian Rosalind Polly Blakesley.

Pembroke has a level of academic performance among the highest of all the Cambridge colleges; in 2013, 2014, 2016, and 2018 Pembroke was placed second in the Tompkins Table. Pembroke contains the first chapel designed by Sir Christopher Wren and is one of only six Cambridge colleges to have educated a British prime minister, in Pembroke's case William Pitt the Younger. The college library, with a Victorian neo-gothic clock tower, has an original copy of the first encyclopaedia to contain printed diagrams.
1918 Minnesota Attorney General election
The 1918 Minnesota Attorney General election was held on November 5, 1918, in order to elect the attorney general of Minnesota. Republican nominee and incumbent acting attorney general Clifford L. Hilton defeated Farmer–Labor nominee Tom E. Davis, Democratic nominee Bjorn B. Gislason and National nominee Lars Haug.

Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party
The Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party (FLP), officially known as the Farmer-Labor Party of Minnesota, was a left-wing American political party in Minnesota between 1918 and 1944. The FLP largely dominated Minnesota politics during the Great Depression. It was one of the most successful statewide third party movements in United States history and the longest-lasting and most fruitful affiliate of the national Farmer–Labor movement. At its height in the 1920s and 1930s, FLP members included three Minnesota governors, four United States senators, eight United States representatives and a majority in the Minnesota legislature.

In 1944, Hubert H. Humphrey and Elmer Benson worked to merge the party with the state's Democratic Party, forming the contemporary Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party.
Flamenco (apple)
Flamenco, also known as Ballerina Obelisk, is a cultivar of domesticated apple that bears apples good for eating fresh, and is grown for its unusual ornamental properties. The tree grows in a straight up columnar style, with many small fruit-bearing branches. 'Flamenco' is one of a series of apple tree cultivars that share a registered trademark under the name Ballerina.

Flamenco was developed in Kent, England, between 1950 and 1999 by the East Malling Research Station, when they crossed a hybrid of the English Cox's Orange Pippin and the French Court Pendu Plat with the "Wijcik McIntosh", which itself is a columnar mutation of the Canadian McIntosh apple.

Cox's Orange Pippin
Cox's Orange Pippin, in Britain often referred to simply as Cox or Cox's Pippins, is an apple cultivar first grown in 1825 or 1830 at Colnbrook in Buckinghamshire, England, by the retired brewer and horticulturist Richard Cox.

Though the parentage of the cultivar is unknown, Ribston Pippin seems a likely candidate. DNA analysis of major apple pedigrees has suggested Margil as the parent of Cox, with Ribston Pippin being another Margil seedling. The variety was introduced for sale by the 1850s by Charles Turner, and grown commercially from the 1860s, particularly in the Vale of Evesham in Worcestershire, and later in Kent.
Red Giants (basketball)
Red Giants is a Dutch basketball club based in Meppel, Drenthe. Founded in 1974 as Alcides, the club reached the Eredivisie in 1987. It played in the Dutch highest tier league until 1996. In 1994, Red Giants won the NBB Cup. Currently, it plays in the Promotiedivisie. Home games are played in the Sportcentrum Ezinge.

Basketball Cup (Netherlands)
The Basketball Cup, for sponsorship reasons the TOTO Basketball Cup and formerly the NBB Cup (Dutch: NBB-Beker), is an annual cup competition for Dutch basketball teams organised by the Basketball Nederland. Every team in the Netherlands can participate by signing up for the preliminary rounds. Professional basketball teams from the Dutch Basketball League (DBL) enter the tournament in the fourth round. From 1977 until 1990 professional teams were not allowed to participate in the competition.

The tournament is organized in a knock-out format, with quarter- and semi-finals being two-legged series while the final is played in a single game. Heroes Den Bosch holds the record for most cup titles with nine titles. During the 2020–21 season, the tournament was not played and was replaced by the DBL Cup, featuring only the twelve DBL teams.
1994 Acropolis International Basketball Tournament
The eleventh edition of the Acropolis International Basketball Tournament 1994 found between the 13th and 17th. June 1994 in Piraeus. The total of ten games were played at Stadium of Peace and Friendship.

In addition to the host Greece also included the national teams  FR Yugoslavia,  Russia,  Argentina as well as  Italy. While it was Argentina's first and Russians' second participation in the Acropolis tournament, the Italians took part for the fifth time and the Serbs for the fourth time.

The 1994 Acropolis tournament is the only one so far in which five teams took part instead of the usual four.

Serbia and Montenegro men's national basketball team
The Serbia and Montenegro men's national basketball team (Serbian: Кошаркашка репрезентација Србије и Црне Горе, romanized: Košarkaška reprezentacija Srbije i Crne Gore) also widely known as the FR Yugoslavia men's national basketball team, represented Serbia and Montenegro in international basketball competition, from 1993 to 2006. It was governed by the Basketball Federation of Serbia and Montenegro.
Stopped-flow
Stopped-flow is one of a number of methods of studying the kinetics of reactions in solution. It is ideal for studying chemical reactions with a typical dead time on the order of 1 millisecond. In the simplest form of the technique, the solutions of two reactants are rapidly mixed by being forced through a mixing chamber, on emerging from which the mixed fluid passes through an optical observation cell. At some point in time, the flow is suddenly stopped, and the reaction is monitored using a suitable spectroscopic probe, such as absorbance, fluorescence or fluorescence polarization. The change in spectroscopic signal as a function of time is recorded, and the rate constants that define the reaction kinetics can then be obtained by fitting the data using a suitable model.

Stopped-flow as an experimental technique was introduced by Britton Chance and extended by Quentin Gibson. Other techniques, such as the temperature-jump method, are available for much faster processes.

Fluorescence spectroscopy
Fluorescence spectroscopy (also known as fluorimetry or spectrofluorometry) is a type of electromagnetic spectroscopy that analyzes fluorescence from a sample. It involves using a beam of light, usually ultraviolet light, that excites the electrons in molecules of certain compounds and causes them to emit light; typically, but not necessarily, visible light. A complementary technique is absorption spectroscopy. In the special case of single molecule fluorescence spectroscopy, intensity fluctuations from the emitted light are measured from either single fluorophores, or pairs of fluorophores.

Devices that measure fluorescence are called fluorometers.
Shichihyaku Station
Shichihyaku Station (七百駅, Shichihyaku-eki) was a railway station on the Towada Kankō Electric Railway Line located in the town of Rokunohe, Aomori Prefecture, Japan. It was 6.4 rail kilometers from the terminus of the Towada Kankō Electric Railway Line at Misawa Station.

Towada Kankō Electric Railway Line
The  Towada Kankō Electric Railway Line (十和田観光電鉄線, Towada Kankō Dentetsu-sen) was a railway route operated by Towada Kankō Electric Railway (Totetsu). It ran between Misawa Station and Towadashi Station in eastern Aomori Prefecture, Japan.