hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Penny battery
The penny battery is a voltaic pile which uses various coinage as the metal disks (pennies) of a traditional voltaic pile. The coins are stacked with pieces of electrolyte soaked paper in between (see diagram at right). The penny battery experiment is common during electrochemistry units in an educational setting.

Each cell in a penny battery can produce up to 0.8 volt, and many can be stacked together to produce higher voltages. Since the battery is a wet cell, the effectiveness will be reduced when the electrolyte evaporates.

Electrochemical cell
An electrochemical cell is a device that either generates electrical energy from chemical reactions in a so-called galvanic or voltaic cell, or induces chemical reactions (electrolysis) by applying external electrical energy in an electrolytic cell.

Both galvanic and electrolytic cells can be thought of as having two half-cells: consisting of separate oxidation and reduction reactions.

When one or more electrochemical cells are connected in parallel or series they make a battery. Primary battery consists of single-use galvanic cells. Rechargeable batteries are built from secondary cells that use reversible reactions and can operate as galvanic cells (while providing energy) or electrolytic cells (while charging).
Women of Glamour
Women of Glamour is a 1937 American comedy film directed by Gordon Wiles and starring Virginia Bruce, Melvyn Douglas and Reginald Denny.

It is a remake of the 1930 film Ladies of Leisure, which was itself based on the 1926 silent film Ladies of Leisure. The film's sets were designed by the art director Stephen Goosson.

Ladies of Leisure (1926 film)
Ladies of Leisure is a 1926 American silent melodrama film produced and distributed by Columbia Pictures. The film was directed by Tom Buckingham and stars Elaine Hammerstein.

This film is not related in story to the 1930 Frank Capra film of the same name. However, prints of both films are held by the Library of Congress.
Indi Walker
Indigo "Indi" Walker is a fictional character from the Australian soap opera Home and Away, played by Samara Weaving. She made her first appearance during the episode broadcast on 30 July 2009. Weaving and her on-screen family initially appeared in  2009 for a guest stint, in 2010 they were written back into the serial on a permanent basis. Indi's storylines have often focused on her relationship with Romeo Smith (Luke Mitchell). Weaving announced her departure from Home and Away in July 2013 and Indi departed on 13 November 2013

Luke Mitchell
Luke Mitchell (born 17 April 1985) is an Australian actor. He attended the Film and Television Studio International, and won the role of Chris Knight in Neighbours in 2008. Mitchell appeared as Will in the third season of H2O: Just Add Water in 2009. He starred as Romeo Smith in Home and Away from 2009 to 2013. The role saw Mitchell win the Most Popular New Male Talent Logie Award in 2010.

In 2013, he starred as John Young in the CW's The Tomorrow People. In 2015, he joined the cast of Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. for the series' second season, playing the recurring character of Inhuman Lincoln Campbell, before being promoted to series regular for its third season. He joined NBC's Blindspot as a series regular during its second season in 2016, playing Roman.
Thierry Burkhard
Thierry Marcel Ernest Burkhard (French pronunciation: [tjɛʁi byʁkaʁ]; born 30 July 1964) is a French Army general who served as Chief of the Defence Staff from 22 July 2021 to 1 September 2025. Prior to his appointment to the top post, Burkhard served as Chief of Staff of the French Army from 2019 to 2021 and Inspector of the French Army from 2018 to 2019.

As an officer, Burkhard was deployed overseas in a variety of missions. He served in the 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment (2e REP) and held command of the 13th Demi-Brigade of the Foreign Legion (13e DBLE) in Djibouti.

2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment
The 2nd Foreign Parachute Regiment (French: 2e Régiment étranger de parachutistes, 2e REP) is the only airborne regiment of the Foreign Legion in the French Army. It is one of the four infantry regiments of the 11th Parachute Brigade and part of the spearhead of the French rapid reaction force.

Since the regiment's arrival from Algeria in 1967, it has been stationed at Camp Raffalli near the town of Calvi on the island of Corsica, south of mainland France. The regiment is also equipped with Véhicule de l'Avant Blindé.
Shephard's lemma
Shephard's lemma is a result in microeconomics having applications in the theory of the firm and in consumer choice. The lemma states that if indifference curves of the expenditure or cost function are convex, then the cost-minimizing point of a given good () with price  is unique. The idea is that a consumer will buy a unique ideal amount of each item to minimize the price for obtaining a certain level of utility given the price of goods in the market.

The lemma is named after Ronald Shephard, who proved it using the distance formula in his book Theory of Cost and Production Functions in 1953. The equivalent result in the context of consumer theory was first derived by Lionel W. McKenzie in 1957.  It states that the partial derivatives of the expenditure function with respect to the prices of goods equal the Hicksian demand functions for the relevant goods. Similar results had already been derived by John Hicks (1939) and Paul Samuelson (1947).

Theory of the firm
The theory of the firm consists of a number of economic theories that explain and predict the nature of a firm: e.g. a business, company, corporation, etc... The nature of the firm includes its origin, continued existence, behaviour, structure, and relationship to the market. Firms are key drivers in economics, providing goods and services in return for monetary payments and rewards. Organisational structure, incentives, employee productivity, and information all influence the successful operation of a firm both in the economy and in its internal processes. As such, major economic theories such as transaction cost theory, managerial economics and behavioural theory of the firm provide conceptual frameworks for an in-depth analysis on various types of firms and their management.
Little Joe (rocket)
Little Joe was a solid-fueled booster rocket used by NASA for eight launches from 1959 to 1961 from Wallops Island, Virginia to test the launch escape system and heat shield for Project Mercury capsules, as well as the name given to the test program using the booster. The first rocket designed solely for crewed spacecraft qualifications, Little Joe was also one of the pioneer operational launch vehicles using the rocket cluster principle.

The Little Joe name has been attributed to Maxime Faget at NASA's Langley Research Center in Hampton, Virginia.  He based the name on four large fins which reminded him of a slang term for a roll of four in craps.

A successor, Little Joe II, was used for flight testing of the Apollo launch escape system from 1963 to 1966.

Craps
Craps is a dice game in which players bet on the outcomes of the roll of a pair of dice. Players can wager money against each other (playing "street craps") or against a bank ("casino craps"). Because it requires little equipment, "street craps" can be played in informal settings. While shooting craps, players may use slang terminology to place bets and actions.
Cease Fires
Cease Fires is a compilation album by punk rock band Anti-Flag.  It contains twelve songs previously released on their 20 Years of Hell EPs and two previously unreleased outtakes from their latest studio album American Spring.

Anti-Flag originally didn't plan to re-release the twelve songs from their 20 Years of Hell EP series. But in the end they changed their mind, because of the importance of the songs and the exclusiveness of the EPs, hoping they wouldn't anger the EP buyers.

American Spring (Anti-Flag album)
American Spring is the tenth studio album by American punk rock band Anti-Flag from Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. It was released on May 26, 2015 via Spinefarm Records, making it their first record released through the label (their previous two albums were dropped via SideOneDummy Records). The fourteen-track record featured guest appearances from Tim Armstrong of Rancid on the song "Bradenburg Gate" and Tom Morello of Rage Against the Machine on the song "Without End". The album debuted at #22 on the Top Rock Albums, #17 on the Alternative Albums, #5 on the Hard Rock Albums, and #15 on the Independent Albums.

A lyric music video for the album's first single, "Fabled World" was released in March 2015. The second single "Sky Is Falling" was released a month later. A music video for "Brandenburg Gate" was released on May 19.
Tadhg Óg Lynch
Tadhg Óg Lynch (born 1973) is an Irish camogie manager and former Gaelic footballer and hurler. At club level, he played with Glanmire and Sarsfields and at inter-county level with the Cork senior football team.

Glanmire GFC
Glanmire GFC is a Gaelic Athletic Association club based in Glanmire in County Cork, Ireland. Its Gaelic Football team participates in competitions organized by Cork GAA, and is a member of Imokilly division. The club does not play hurling as it is closely affiliated with Sarsfields which is a separate hurling club in the area.
A Beautiful Thing: Idles Live at le Bataclan
A Beautiful Thing: Idles Live at le Bataclan is a live album by Idles recorded at Le Bataclan on 3 December 2018, the final performance on the band's first Joy as an Act of Resistance tour, and released on 6 December 2019 by Partisan Records.

The album was released as a CD, download, and on double LP in three limited edition coloured vinyl editions.

Joy as an Act of Resistance
Joy as an Act of Resistance is the second studio album by British rock band Idles, released on 31 August 2018 by Partisan Records.

Following the success of their debut album Brutalism, the band started recording new material. Taking inspiration from the similarly titled 2008 poem by Toi Derricotte, Joy as an Act of Resistance tells stories from lead singer Joe Talbot's troubled past. Its lyrics deal with toxic masculinity, self-love, immigration, Brexit, and class.

The album garnered acclaim from critics upon release. Joy as an Act of Resistance peaked at number 5 on the UK Albums Chart and spawned two official singles: "Danny Nedelko" and "Never Fight a Man with a Perm".

To promote the record, the band toured across Japan, North America, and Europe.
Ryan Mallon
Ryan Mallon (born 22 March 1983 in Sheffield, England) is an English footballer who is without a club. He has previously played for Sheffield United, Halifax Town, Scarborough, York City and Gainsborough Trinity and Worksop Town FC.

Gainsborough Trinity F.C.
Gainsborough Trinity Football Club is a football club based in Gainsborough, Lincolnshire, England. Established in 1873, the club became members of the Football League in 1893 and remained members of the Second Division until 1912, making Gainsborough one of the smallest towns in England to have had a Football League team. They are currently members of the Northern Premier League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at the Northolme.
Kim Davies
Kim Davies (born Morean Kimsley Davies; 13 October 1954) was a Welsh cricketer. He was a left-handed batsman and wicket-keeper who played for Glamorgan. He was born in Clydach.

Davies, who played club cricket for Clydach and who represented Aberavon RFC in rugby, made his first-class cricketing debut during the 1975 season, against Cambridge University. He scored 12 runs in the only innings in which he batted during the match, and took one catch and one stumping.

Davies' second and final first-class appearance came against Oxford University the following season. Davies scored 2 not out in the only innings in which he batted in the match, and took a catch and a stumping.

Clydach, Swansea
Clydach is a village and community in Swansea, Wales, within the Clydach ward and the Llangyfelach parish. It is located 6 miles (9.7 km) northeast of Swansea city centre. In 2011, the population was 7,503. Welsh is the first language of 24 per cent of the population and both Welsh and English language schools are available. The village lies close to the M4 motorway which can be accessed via the bypass or old road via Ynystawe.
The community includes part of the village of Glais.
Pechersk, Kyiv
Pechersk (Ukrainian: Печерськ) is a historical neighborhood in the city center of Kyiv, the capital of Ukraine. It is a part of the administrative Pechersk Raion (district). Pechersk is located between the Lypky, Klov and Dnieper hills. Its main streets are Ivan Mazepa Street, Dmytro Hodzenko Street, and Lesya Ukrainka Boulevard.

Klov
50°26′13″N 30°31′55″E﻿ / ﻿50.437°N 30.532°E﻿ / 50.437; 30.532

Klov (Ukrainian: Клов) is a historical neighbourhood in the Ukrainian capital Kyiv. Nowadays Klov is located in the administrative Pecherskyi District.

The Klovskiy Monastery was built in this area in the 11th century, but was destroyed in 1240 by Batu Khan's army.

The main streets of Klov are Mechnikova Vulytsia and Klovsky Uzviz, where the 18th-century Klov Palace (which hosts the Supreme Court of Ukraine) is situated.
Caesar and Otto's Deadly Xmas
Caesar and Otto's Deadly Xmas is a 2012 American comedy-horror film. It stars Dave Campfield, Paul Chomicki, Felissa Rose, Deron Miller, Lloyd Kaufman, Linnea Quigley, Joe Estevez, Debbie Rochon, Brinke Stevens, Ken Macfarlane, and Avi K. Garg, as well as a cameo appearance by Robert Z'Dar. It is written and directed by Dave Campfield, the creator of the original Caesar and Otto film. The story is by Campfield and co-producer Joe Randazzo.

Joe Estevez
Joseph Estévez (born February 13, 1946), sometimes credited as Joe Phelan, is an American actor and director. He is the younger brother of actor Martin Sheen and the uncle of Emilio Estévez, Charlie Sheen, Renée Estévez, and Ramón Estévez.
Garry Kallos
Garry Kallos (born 5 March 1956) is a Canadian former wrestler who competed in the 1984 Summer Olympics and won five gold medals at the Maccabiah Games in Israel, and sambo competitor who won a gold medal at the Pan American Games.

Maccabiah Games
The Maccabiah Games (Hebrew: משחקי המכביה, or משחקי המכביה העולמית; sometimes referred to as the "Jewish Olympics") is an international multi-sport event with summer and winter sports competitions featuring Jews and Israelis regardless of religion. Held every four years in Israel, the Maccabiah Games is considered the foremost sports competition for global Jewry.

The Maccabiah Games were declared a "Regional Sports Event" by, and under the auspices and supervision of, the International Olympic Committee in 1961.

Organized by the Maccabi World Union, the first games were held in 1932.

The 2022 Maccabiah Games were originally scheduled for 2021, but were postponed and held in 2022 due to the global COVID-19 pandemic, making it the first summer games to be postponed.

The next Maccabiah Games were supposed to be held in Israel between July 1, 2025 and July 22, 2025, but were postponed to the summer of 2026 due to the Iran–Israel war.
Oleksii Krasov
Oleksiy Ihorovych Krasov (Ukrainian: Олексій Ігорович Красов; born 13 November 1987) is a Ukrainian politician currently serving as a People's Deputy of Ukraine from Ukraine's 180th electoral district since 29 August 2019. He is a member of Servant of the People.

Servant of the People
Servant of the People (Ukrainian: Слуга народу, romanized: Sluha narodu, Ukrainian pronunciation: [slʊˈɦɑ nɐˈrɔdʊ]; SN) is a liberal, centrist, pro-European political party in Ukraine. Since both the 2019 Ukrainian presidential election and the 2019 Ukrainian parliamentary election, it has been the ruling political party in Ukraine. It is best known for being the political party of President Volodymyr Zelenskyy.

The party is named after the popular Ukrainian TV series Servant of the People, in which Zelenskyy played a fictional Ukrainian president. It was formed in late 2017 and was officially registered on 31 March 2018 on the basis of the previously registered Party of Decisive Changes. In the 2019 parliamentary election the party won 124 seats on the nationwide party list and 130 constituency seats.
Ratchaburi Hospital
Ratchaburi Hospital (Thai: โรงพยาบาลราชบุรี) is the main hospital of Ratchaburi Province, Thailand. It is classified by the Ministry of Public Health as a regional hospital. It has a Collaborative Project to Increase Production of Rural Doctors (CPIRD) Medical Education Center which trains doctors for the MOPH-Mahidol CPIRD Program.

Ministry of Public Health (Thailand)
The Ministry of Public Health (MOPH; Thai: กระทรวงสาธารณสุข, RTGS: Krasuang Satharanasuk) is a Thai governmental body responsible for the oversight of public health in Thailand. It is commonly referred to in Thailand by its abbreviation so tho (สธ.).

The headquarters of the ministry is located in Mueang Nonthaburi, Nonthaburi, and served by Ministry of Public Health MRT station on the MRT Purple Line.
The Bride Stripped Bare (album)
The Bride Stripped Bare is the fifth solo studio album by the English rock singer Bryan Ferry. It was released in 1978, shortly before Ferry reconvened his band Roxy Music which had been on hiatus for three years. It was recorded after his girlfriend Jerry Hall left him for Mick Jagger in 1977, and appears to contain references to their break-up. The album peaked at number 13 on the albums chart in the United Kingdom.

The album's title is taken from the Marcel Duchamp artwork The Bride Stripped Bare by Her Bachelors, Even. Ferry had been introduced to the work as an art school student by Richard Hamilton. A subtext of Duchamp's piece is masculine and feminine relationships.

Jerry Hall
Jerry Faye Hall (born July 2, 1956) is an American model and actress. She began modeling in the 1970s and became one of the most sought-after models in the world. She transitioned into acting, appearing in the 1989 film Batman. Hall was the long-term partner of Rolling Stones frontman Mick Jagger, with whom she has four children. She was the fourth wife of Rupert Murdoch until they divorced in 2022.
Bash at the Brewery 2
Bash at the Brewery 2 was a professional wrestling event produced by Impact Wrestling in conjunction with River City Wrestling. It took place on January 10, 2020 at the Freetail Brewing Company in San Antonio, Texas and aired exclusively Impact Plus.

Nine professional wrestling matches were contested at the event. The main event was an eight-person elimination tag team match, in which Ohio Versus Everything (Dave Crist, Jake Crist, Madman Fulton and Sami Callihan) defeated Brian Cage, Rich Swann, Tessa Blanchard and Willie Mack. In other prominent matches on the undercard, Jordynne Grace defeated Taya Valkyrie in a Brewery Brawl and Rob Van Dam defeated Eddie Edwards while Fallah Bahh and Kiera Hogan successfully defended the RCW Heavyweight Championship and the RCW Women's Championship respectively.

Taya Valkyrie
Kira Renée Magnin-Forster (born October 22, 1983), better known by her ring name Taya Valkyrie, is a Canadian professional wrestler, fitness competitor, and model. She is signed to All Elite Wrestling (AEW), where she is a member of MxM TV. She also wrestles in AEW's sister promotion Ring of Honor (ROH). Valkyrie is best known for her time in Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA), where she is a record-tying 4-time AAA Reina de Reinas Champion (with her first reign being the longest in the title's history at 945 days), and Impact Wrestling, where she is a former one-time and longest-reigning Impact Knockouts Champion and a two-time Impact Knockouts World Tag Team Champion. She briefly wrestled for WWE under the ring name Franky Monet.
2009 Australian Open – Wheelchair women's doubles
Three-time defending champion Esther Vergeer and her partner Korie Homan defeated Agnieszka Bartczak and Katharina Krüger in the final, 6–1, 6–0 to win the women's doubles wheelchair tennis title at the 2009 Australian Open. It was their first step towards an eventual Grand Slam.

Although Jiske Griffioen and Vergeer were the three-time defending champions, they did not compete together. Griffioen partnered Florence Gravellier, but was defeated in the semifinals by Bartczak and Krüger.

Florence Gravellier
Florence Gravellier (born 23 January 1979) is a former French wheelchair tennis player. Gravellier is the 2005 and 2010 Australian Open doubles Champion. At the 2008 Paralympic Games in Beijing, Gravellier was a double bronze medalist. Gravellier is a former world number one in the Women's doubles.
Kateryna Dudchenko
Kateryna Dudchenko (Ukrainian: Катерина Вікторівна Дудченко; born 14 October 1996 in Ukraine) is a Ukrainian rower. She won a bronze medal at the 2022 European Championships where she finished third in women's quadruple sculls in team with Daryna Verkhohliad, Nataliya Dovhodko, and Yevheniya Dovhodko.

Yevheniya Dovhodko
Yevheniya Dovhodko (née Nimchenko, Ukrainian: Євгенія Німченко, born 29 September 1992, in Velyka Lepetykha) is a Ukrainian rower. She competed for Ukraine at the 2016 Summer Olympics and 2024 Summer Olympics.
2024 Reyes Cup
The 2024 Reyes Cup was the inaugural edition of the Reyes Cup, an annual nine-ball pool competition between teams representing Asia and Europe. It was held at the Ninoy Aquino Stadium in Manila, Philippines, from 15 to 18 October 2024.

Team Asia defeated Team Europe by a score of 11–6 to win the inaugural title. Aloysius Yapp was named the most valuable player (MVP) of the tournament.

Reyes Cup
The Reyes Cup is an annual nine-ball pool tournament contested between teams representing Asia and Rest of World. The inaugural staging in 2024 was contested between Asia and Europe.
Similar in format to the Mosconi Cup, the inaugural event was held in Manila, Philippines, during October 2024 and is named after Filipino Hall of Fame player Efren Reyes, whom the event's organizers describe as being “widely regarded as the sport’s greatest-ever player.”

Asia are the defending champions.
Charles River Bike Path
The Charles River Bike Path is a mixed-use path in the Boston, Massachusetts area.  A portion of the trail is named after the cardiologist Paul Dudley White, a prominent advocate of preventive medicine. His research led him to proclaim frequently "I'd like to put everybody on bicycles." In 1955 White served as president Eisenhower's cardiologist and prescribed his famous patient bicycle therapy after his 1955 heart attack.

The path follows both shores of the Charles River from Boston, Massachusetts to Norumbega Park in Newton, passing through Watertown and Waltham.  The path consists of several segments in the Charles River Reservation separated by road and bridge crossings and forms part of the planned East Coast Greenway, the 3,000-mile trail system connecting cities from Maine to Florida.

Watertown, Massachusetts
Watertown is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, part of Greater Boston. The population was 35,329 in the 2020 census. Its neighborhoods include Bemis, Coolidge Square, East Watertown, Watertown Square, and the West End.

Watertown was one of the first Massachusetts Bay Colony settlements organized by Puritan settlers in 1630. The city is home to the Perkins School for the Blind, the Armenian Library and Museum of America, and the historic Watertown Arsenal, which produced military armaments from 1816 through World War II.
Anastasia Griffith
Anastasia Griffith (born 23 March 1978) is a British actress. She is known for her roles in Dirty Filthy Love (2004), Alfie (2004), Damages (2007–2009), Solitary Man (2009), Trauma (2009–2010), Royal Pains (2010–2011), Once Upon a Time (2011–2014), Copper (2012–2013), Zoo (2015), and Deep State (2018–2019).

Alfie (2004 film)
Alfie is a 2004 romantic comedy-drama film inspired by the 1966 British film of the same name and its 1975 sequel, starring Jude Law as the title character, originally played by Michael Caine in the 1966 film and Alan Price in the 1975 sequel. The film was co-written, directed, and produced by Charles Shyer, the last feature film he directed to be theatrically released.