hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
HMS Achilles (1757)
HMS Achilles was a 60-gun fourth-rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built by Barnard and Turner at Harwich to the draught specified by the 1745 Establishment as amended in 1750, and launched in 1757. She was ordered in November 1755. HMS Achilles was a Dunkirk-class fourth rate, along with HMS Dunkirk and HMS America.

HMS America (1757)
HMS America was a 60-gun fourth rate ship of the line of the Royal Navy, built for service during the Seven Years' War against France and Spain. Commissioned in 1757, America was assigned to the British fleets blockading French ports in the Atlantic and Mediterranean and played an active role in the Battle of Lagos in 1759. After a refit in 1760, she was sailed to the East Indies for combat against Spanish forces in the Philippines. America was returned to England at the end of the war, and was broken up in 1771.
Laura Galante
Laura Galante (born 1985) is an American intelligence official and cybersecurity executive. She is a Principal at the global strategic advisory firm, WestExec Advisors and serves on a number of national security and cybersecurity companies' boards. 
From 2022 to 2025, she served as the Director of the Cyber Threat Intelligence Integration Center (CTIIC) and the Intelligence Community’s Cyber Executive at the Office of the Director of National Intelligence (ODNI). Prior to this role, Galante led multiple security initiatives in Ukraine and previously served as the Director of Global Intelligence at Mandiant (formerly FireEye).

WestExec Advisors
WestExec Advisors LLC is a consulting firm founded in 2017 by Antony Blinken, Michèle Flournoy, Sergio Aguirre, and Nitin Chadda, all former Obama administration officials. Lisa Monaco, Robert O. Work, Avril Haines, David S. Cohen, and Jen Psaki have also been WestExec employees. Richard Stengel, former President Obama's Under Secretary of State for Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs is a current employee.

In an interview with The Intercept, Flournoy explained WestExec seeks to employ "people recently coming out of government" with "current knowledge, expertise, contacts, networks." The firm and its partners avoid becoming registered lobbyists or foreign agents so that they can (re)enter government service without delays. It does not disclose its clients, whose names are restricted from disclosure by non-disclosure agreements. The firm is named after West Executive Avenue, a street near the West Wing of the White House.
Balkan News Corporation
Balkan News Corporation was a Bulgarian media company, which operated the bTV and Fox International Channels for Bulgaria. It was formerly owned by News Corporation. In April 2010 the bTV channel was bought by Central European Media Enterprises, who owned the channels PRO.BG and RING.BG in Bulgaria. The FOX channels in Bulgaria (Fox Life and Fox Crime) continue to air under the company brand of "FOX Intl. Channels BG", again owned by News Corporation.

Since 2011 bTV airs under the brand "bTV Media Group", containing the channels bTV, bTV Comedy, bTV Cinema, bTV Action (the former PRO.BG), bTV Lady (from January 2012) and RING.BG. The brand is owned by Central European Media Enterprises.

Central European Media Enterprises
Central European Media Enterprises Ltd. (CME) is a media and entertainment company that operates television channels in seven European countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Romania, Moldova, Slovakia, and Slovenia. Until its acquisition by PPF Group N.V. in October 2020, the company was listed on NASDAQ and Prague Stock Exchange under the ticker symbol CETV. It has since been delisted.
United Hockey Union
The United Hockey Union (UHU), founded in 2012, is a group of ice hockey leagues in North America. The UHU is overseen and insured by the Amateur Athletic Union. Neither body is recognized by USA Hockey, Hockey Canada, or the International Ice Hockey Federation.

USA Hockey
USA Hockey is a national ice hockey organization in the United States. It is recognized by the International Olympic Committee and the United States Olympic & Paralympic Committee as the governing body for organized ice hockey in the United States and is a member of the International Ice Hockey Federation. Before June 1991, the organization was known as the Amateur Hockey Association of the United States (AHAUS).

The organization is based in Colorado Springs, Colorado. Its mission is to promote the growth of ice hockey in the U.S. USA Hockey programs support and develop players, coaches, officials, and facilities. USA Hockey also has junior ice hockey and senior ice hockey programs, and supports a disabled ice hockey program. USA Hockey provides certification programs for coaches and officials. Members of the organization receive a subscription to USA Hockey Magazine.
Werner state
A Werner state is a  × -dimensional bipartite quantum state density matrix that is invariant under all unitary operators of the form . That is, it is a bipartite quantum state  that satisfies

for all unitary operators U acting on d-dimensional Hilbert space. These states were first developed by Reinhard F. Werner in 1989.

Quantum state
In quantum physics, a quantum state is a mathematical entity that represents a physical system. Quantum mechanics specifies the construction, evolution, and measurement of a quantum state. Knowledge of the quantum state, and the rules for the system's evolution in time, exhausts all that can be known about a quantum system.

Quantum states are either pure or mixed, and have several possible representations. Pure quantum states are commonly represented as a vector in a Hilbert space. Mixed states are statistical mixtures of pure states and cannot be represented as vectors on that Hilbert space, and instead are commonly represented as density matrices.

Common examples of quantum states are the wave functions describing position and momentum, finite-dimensional vectors describing spin such as the singlet, and states describing many-body quantum systems in a Fock space.
4C Array
The 4C Array is a cylindrical paraboloid radio telescope at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory, near Cambridge, England. It is similar in design to the Molonglo Observatory Synthesis Telescope. It is 450 m long, 20 m wide, with a second, moveable element (now mostly removed; some of it is still visible, beyond COAST). The first large aperture synthesis telescope (1958), it was also the first new instrument to be built at Lord's Bridge, after the Observatory was moved there in 1957, and needed 64 km (40 mi) of reflector wire (since removed). The 4C operated at 178 MHz (1.7 m), and located nearly 5000 sources of the 4C (4th Cambridge) catalogue published in 1965 and 1966, which helped establish the evolution of the radio galaxy population of the universe. The telescope is now inoperable.

It is flanked to the northwest by the Cosmic Anisotropy Telescope enclosure and to the south by the One-Mile and Half-Mile Telescopes.

One-Mile Telescope
The One-Mile Telescope at the Mullard Radio Astronomy Observatory (MRAO), Cambridge, UK is an array of radio telescopes (two fixed and one moveable, fully steerable 60 ft-diameter (18 m) parabolic reflectors operating simultaneously at 1407 MHz and 408 MHz) designed to perform aperture synthesis interferometry.
2009 FIA WTCC Race of Morocco
The 2009 FIA WTCC Race of Morocco (formally the 2009 FIA WTCC HSBC Race of Morocco) was the third round of the 2009 World Touring Car Championship season. It was held on 3 May 2009 at the Marrakech Street Circuit in Marrakesh, Morocco. It was the inaugural running of the FIA WTCC Race of Morocco.

The two races were won by Chevrolet's Robert Huff and Nicola Larini, the former taking the first win for the Chevrolet Cruze in the World Touring Car Championship.

Circuit International Automobile Moulay El Hassan
The Circuit International Automobile Moulay El Hassan (also known as Marrakech Street Circuit and Marrakech Racetrack) is a semi-permanent street circuit in Agdal district, Marrakesh, Morocco. The circuit is operated by MGP. It has a capacity of 10,000 spectators.
HMS Ruby (1876)
HMS Ruby was an Emerald-class composite screw corvette that served in the Victorian Royal Navy. The Emerald class was a development of the wooden Amethyst class but combined an iron frame and teak cladding. Launched in 1876, Ruby was commissioned to the East Indies Station, serving between Burma, Ceylon, Madras and other important parts of the British Empire. Transferred to operating in the Mediterranean Sea, the vessel supported humanitarian efforts during the 1878 Macedonian rebellion and then the British forces during the Anglo-Egyptian War of 1882. The corvette served in the South East Coast of America Station from 1885, retiring in 1904. After a period as a coal hulk with the name C.10, Ruby was sold in 1921 to be broken up.

Composite construction
Composite construction is a generic term to describe any building construction involving multiple dissimilar materials. Composite construction is often used in building aircraft, watercraft, and building construction. There are several reasons to use composite materials including increased strength, aesthetics, and environmental sustainability.
Jewish visibility
Jewish visibility (or visibly Jewish) is a term referring to Jews who are visibly identifiable as Jewish. The term can also refer to visible representations of Jews in media and public life. A person may become visibly Jewish by publicly identifying as Jewish, by participation in Jewish communal life (such as synagogue attendance), by publicly wearing Jewish religious clothing, and by having names or physical features stereotyped as Jewish. People who are visibly Jewish may be at a higher risk of experiencing antisemitism. Those who are stereotyped according to their physical features may experience racial antisemitism. In addition to people, buildings and other physical properties can be visibly Jewish, particularly synagogues and Jewish cemeteries. Jewish visibility/invisibility can also be used to refer to marginalized populations within Jewish communities, such as Jews of color and poor Jews.

Jews of color
Jews of color (or Jews of colour) is a neologism, primarily used in North America, that describes Jews from non-white racial and ethnic backgrounds, whether mixed-race, adopted, Jews by conversion, or part of national or geographic populations (or a combination of these) that are non-white. It is often used to identify Jews who are racially non-white, whose family origins are originally in African, Asian or Latin American countries, and to acknowledge a common experience for Jews who belong to racial, national, or geographic groups beyond white and Ashkenazi.

The term has been used in discourse about Ashkenormativity, white Jews, and by extension white privilege, as well as racism in Jewish communities, Jewish visibility, Judaism as an ethnicity, and the question of who is a Jew. While there is consensus that this demographic group exists, there is debate over the exact definition or the use of this specific term.
Per Olsen (cross-country skier)
Per Olsen (13 June 1932 – 9 November 2013) was a Norwegian cross-country skier.

He participated at the 1956 Winter Olympics in Cortina d'Ampezzo, where he placed fourth in the 4 × 10 km relay together with Håkon Brusveen, Martin Stokken and Hallgeir Brenden.

He was born in Alta Municipality in Finnmark county. He represented Alta IF. He is the father-in-law of Anette Tønsberg.

Hallgeir Brenden
Hallgeir Brenden (10 February 1929 – 21 September 2007) was a Norwegian cross-country skier and steeplechase runner.

He competed in various skiing events at the 1952, 1956 and 1960 Winter Olympics and won two individual gold medals in 1952 and 1956 and two silver medals in the 4 × 10 km relay in 1952 and 1960.

He also won three events at the Holmenkollen ski festival: 18 km in 1952 and 15 km in 1956 and 1963. He received the Egebergs Ærespris in 1952 and the Holmenkollen medal in 1955.

As a steeplechase runner Brenden won the Norwegian championships in 1953 and 1954.
Onimusha: Way of the Sword
Onimusha: Way of the Sword (鬼武者 Way of the Sword) is an upcoming action-adventure game developed and published by Capcom. As the first mainline installment in the Onimusha series since Onimusha: Dawn of Dreams (2006), the game is set to be released in 2026 for PlayStation 5, Windows, and Xbox Series X/S.

Capcom
Capcom Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社カプコン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kapukon) is a Japanese video game company. It has created a number of critically acclaimed and multi-million-selling game franchises, with its most commercially successful being Resident Evil, Monster Hunter, Street Fighter, Mega Man, Devil May Cry,  Dead Rising, Ace Attorney, Dragon's Dogma, and Marvel vs. Capcom. Established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries in East Asia (Hong Kong), Europe (London, England), and North America (San Francisco, California).
Stephen Kwaku Balado Manu
Stephen Kwaku Balado Manu (born 23 August 1958) is a teacher and Ghanaian politician of the Republic of Ghana. He was the Member of Parliament representing Ahafo Ano South constituency of the Ashanti Region of Ghana in the 2nd, 3rd, 4th and 5th Parliament of the 4th Republic of Ghana. He is a member of the New Patriotic Party.

Ashanti Region
The Ashanti Region is located in the southern part of Ghana and is the third largest of 16 administrative regions, occupying a total land surface of 24,389 km2 (9,417 sq mi) and making up 10.2 percent of the total land area of Ghana. It is the most populated region in Ghana, with a population of 5,440,463 according to the 2021 census, accounting for around one-sixth of Ghana's total population. The Ashanti Region is known for its gold bar and cocoa production. The largest city and capital of Ashanti is Kumasi.
Hogettes
The Hogettes were a group of fans of the Washington Redskins (now known as the Washington Commanders) who wore women's dresses, garden party hats, and pig snouts. The group was founded in 1983 by Michael Torbert and became a regular fixture at Redskins games for nearly 30 years. When the group announced its retirement following the 2012 season, it had over 20 members, including three who have been featured in an exhibit at the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

The group retains a high profile largely because of their outrageous costumes, but also because of their frequent work for charitable organizations. The Hogettes have appeared in a national advertising campaign for Visa, and they provide support for many charities, including Children's Miracle Network, Ronald McDonald House, and March of Dimes. They raised over US$100 million for these and other charitable causes.

Children's Miracle Network Hospitals
Children's Miracle Network (CMN) is a nonprofit organization that raises funds for children's hospitals in the U.S. and Canada. Donations support the health of more than 12 million children each year.

Donations, which go to local hospitals, fund critical life-saving treatments and healthcare services along with research, medical equipment, emotional, and health support during difficult hospital stays, as well as financial assistance. CMN funds are unrestricted. Donations are directed to local member hospitals so they can be used where they are needed the most.

The organization, founded in 1983 by Marie Osmond, John Schneider, Mick Shannon, and Joe Lake, is headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. The current president and CEO is Aimee Daily, PH.D. To date, CMN has raised more than US$9 billion, which is distributed to a network of 170 hospitals.
Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman
Émile Auguste Joseph De Wildeman (19 October 1866 – 1947) was a Belgian botanist and phycologist. He is known for his investigations of Congolese flora.

From 1883 to 1887, he studied pharmacy at the Université libre de Bruxelles. In 1891, he began work as a preparateur at the Botanical Garden of Brussels, an institution where he later served as director. In 1892, he received his doctorate in sciences (academic advisor, Léo Errera) and in 1926 attained the title of professor.

Léo Errera
Léo Abram Errera (4 September 1858 in Laeken – 6 August 1905 in Brussels) was a Belgian botanist, known for his research in the field of plant physiology. He worked at the Free University of Brussels in 1883 as an associate and in 1890 as a full professor of botany. In addition, he was actively involved in Jewish affairs.
Vasil Bozhikov
Vasil Georgiev Bozhikov (Bulgarian: Васил Георгиев Божиков; born 2 June 1988) is a Bulgarian retired professional footballer who captained his latest club - Fortuna Liga club Slovan Bratislava and played for the Bulgarian national team. He usually played as a centre back.

Bozhikov began his senior career with Third League club Gigant Saedinenie, spending two and a half seasons before signed his first professional contract with First League club Minyor Pernik in February 2009. After three years with Minyor, he joined Litex Lovech in January 2012. Bozhikov made over 100 appearances for Litex and signed for Turkish Süper Lig club Kasımpaşa in July 2015. After two seasons with Kasımpaşa, he signed for Slovan Bratislava on a free transfer in July 2017.

In 2016, Bozhikov won his first cap for Bulgaria, having previously played for the under-21 team. Since his senior international debut, he has made over 20 appearances for the national team.

FC Minyor Pernik
FC Minyor (Bulgarian: ФК Миньор) is a football club in Pernik, Bulgaria, currently competing in the Second League, the second tier of Bulgarian football. Founded in 1919 as SC Krakra, the club's home ground since 1954 has been Stadion Minyor. The club's name comes from the fact that the area around the city of Pernik has had long traditions with mining and the mining industry.

The club's highest league finish in the top division is fourth, which was achieved in the 1955 and 1960–61 seasons. Minyor played in the Bulgarian Cup Final in 1958, finishing runners-up to Spartak Plovdiv.

Minyor has spent a total of 38 seasons in the top tier of Bulgarian football, most recently during the 2012–13 season.
Death of Tiran Fero
On 23 November 2022, a 17-year old Israeli Druze student named Tiran Fero, from Daliyat al-Karmel, was severely injured in a car crash near the Palestinian city of Jenin, where he was going to a car mechanic. He was brought to a local hospital for treatment. According to his family members, he died after being removed from life support and his body was held hostage by members of the Jenin Brigades, a Palestinian armed group. However, the Israel Defense Forces (IDF) and Palestinian sources have said that he was already dead when the militants seized his body. The Jenin Brigades attempted to exchange Fero's body for the bodies of Palestinians held by Israel but released the body after 30 hours of diplomatic pressure and threats of military intervention from the IDF.

Daliyat al-Karmel
Daliyat al-Karmel (Arabic: دالية الكرمل; Hebrew: דאלית אל-כרמל, "vineyards (دالية) of Carmel") is a Druze town located on Mount Carmel in the Haifa District of Israel, around 20 km southeast of Haifa. In 2023 its population was 18,001.
Morris Tyler
Morris Tyler (1806 – 1876) was an American politician who was the 56th Lieutenant Governor of Connecticut from 1871 to 1873.

He was a manufacturer and wholesaler of boots and shoes.  He was active in politics as a Republican.  In 1863–65, he served as Mayor of New Haven, Connecticut.

In 1871, he won a very close and disputed election for Lieutenant Governor, with a reported 47,598 votes, versus 47,263 for incumbent Lieutenant Governor Julius Hotchkiss.

Julius Hotchkiss
Julius Hotchkiss (July 11, 1810 – December 23, 1878) was a United States representative from Connecticut. He was born in Waterbury, Connecticut, the son of Woodward and Polly (Castle) Hotchkiss, Prospect farmers. At seventeen, he taught in Prospect schools. He later moved to Waterbury and ran a store and a factory that made cotton webbing and suspenders.
Phytophthora uliginosa
Phytophthora uliginosa is a non-papillate homothallic plant pathogen that mainly infects European oak. It differs from other species of the genus (like P. fragariae) by its large oogonia with exclusively paragynous antheridia and the predominant occurrence of ellipsoid sporangia with markedly wide exit pores. P. uliginosa is separated from P. europaea by its larger oogonia without tapering bases and its greater aggressiveness on Quercus robur.

Quercus robur
Quercus robur, the pedunculate (or "English") oak, is a species of flowering plant in the beech and oak family, Fagaceae. It is a large tree, native to most of Europe, North Africa and western Asia, and is widely cultivated in other temperate regions. It grows on soils of near neutral acidity in the lowlands and is notable for its value to natural ecosystems, supporting a very wide diversity of herbivorous insects and other pests, predators and pathogens.
Easterners (Korean political faction)
38°19′N 127°14′E﻿ / ﻿38.317°N 127.233°E﻿ / 38.317; 127.233

The Easterners (Korean: 동인; Hanja: 東人; RR: Dongin; lit. East people) were a political faction of the Joseon dynasty. This faction appeared during the reign of Seonjo of Joseon in sixteenth-century Korea, in 1575. Originating from friends of Kim Hyowŏn, they soon encompassed most of the disciples of Cho Sik and Yi Hwang, conflicting with Yi I and his followers, who formed the core of the Westerners. Though emerging as the dominant faction in the 1580s, it nearly collapsed at the suicide of Chŏng Yŏrip and the succeeding bloodshed in 1589. After Westerner Chŏng Ch'ŏl was exiled for attempting to make Prince Gwanghae the Crown Prince, the Easterners divided into Northerners and Southerners.

Yi I
Yi I (Korean: 이이; Hanja: 李珥; 1536–1584) was a Korean philosopher, writer, and Confucian scholar of the Joseon period. Yi is often referred to by his art name Yulgok ("Chestnut valley"). He was also a politician and was the academical successor of Cho Kwangjo.
The Swamp Critters of Lost Lagoon
The Swamp Critters of Lost Lagoon (originally named Swamp Critters) is an American children's television series created by country music star Bobby Goldsboro. Targeted for children aged 2 to 8, the show featured characters brought to life by actors. The program aired on public television stations, TLC, and INSP from 1996 to 2001, and according to the show's website (which is partially outdated), it formerly aired on the now-defunct America One Television Network and currently on TCT Kids.

INSP (TV network)
INSP (formerly The Inspiration Network) is an American digital cable television network that features primarily westerns (both shows and movies) and is headquartered in Indian Land, South Carolina - a suburb of Charlotte, North Carolina.

Between 1991 and 2010, INSP was a non-profit ministry focused network. In October 2010, it was re-branded and launched as a socially conservative, commercial-supported family entertainment network (over time becoming centered around westerns), and has Nielsen C3 ratings status. As of 2021, more than 60 million households receive INSP.