hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Douwe Kiela
Douwe Kiela is a Dutch-American research scientist and entrepreneur working in the field of artificial intelligence with a focus on machine learning and natural language processing. He is the co-founder and CEO of Contextual AI, an enterprise software company that provides a platform for building grounded AI agents for enterprise knowledge bases.

He previously led the research team at Meta AI that introduced the RAG approach in 2020, co-authoring the foundational paper "Retrieval-Augmented Generation for Knowledge-Intensive NLP Tasks." Kiela also served as Head of Research at Hugging Face and is an adjunct professor in Symbolic Systems at Stanford University.

Natural language processing
Natural language processing (NLP) is the processing of natural language information by a computer. NLP is a subfield of computer science and is closely associated with artificial intelligence. NLP is also related to information retrieval, knowledge representation, computational linguistics, and linguistics more broadly.

Major processing tasks in an NLP system include: speech recognition, text classification, natural language understanding, and natural language generation.
Andaz (1971 film)
Andaz (transl. Style) is a 1971 Indian Bollywood romantic drama film, directed by Ramesh Sippy in his directorial debut, and written by Salim–Javed, Gulzar and Sachin Bhowmick. It stars Shammi Kapoor and Hema Malini in lead roles with Rajesh Khanna and Simi Garewal making special appearances.

Simi Garewal
Simi Garewal (born Simrita Garewal; 17 October 1947) is an Indian director, producer, talk show hostess, and former actress.

She is known for her work in Hindi films like Do Badan (1966), Saathi (1968), Mera Naam Joker (1970), Siddhartha (1972), Karz (1980) and Udeekaan (Punjabi film). She acted in the Bengali film Aranyer Din Ratri directed by Satyajit Ray; Padatik by Mrinal Sen. She is also known for her celebrity talk show, Rendezvous with Simi Garewal.
Jabrin
Jabrin, also known as Jabreen, (Arabic: جبرين) is a small town in Ad Dakhiliyah Governorate in northeastern Oman near Nizwa and the Jabal Akhdar Mountains.

The town is known for its impressive castle, which was built by the Yaruba dynasty Imam Bil'arab bin Sultan, who ruled from 1679 to 1692 and who was buried onsite. The castle can be visited independently with an audio guide that is provided at the entrance and which lasts about 25 minutes.

Nizwa
Nizwa (Arabic: نِزْوَى, romanized: Nizwā) is the largest city in Ad Dakhiliyah Region in Oman and was the capital of Oman proper. Nizwa is about 140 km (87 miles) (1.5 hour drive) from the Omani capital Muscat. The population is estimated at around 83,544 people.

Nizwa is one of the oldest cities in Oman, and was once a center of trade, religion, education and art. Its Jama (grand mosque) was formerly a center for Islamic learning. Nizwa acquired its importance because it has been an important meeting point at the base of the Western Hajar Mountains. Set amid a verdant spread of date palms, it is strategically located at the crossroads of routes linking the interior with Muscat and the lower reaches of Dhofar, thus serving as the link for a large part of the country. Today, Nizwa is a diverse prosperous place with numerous agricultural, historical and recreational aspects. Nizwa is a center for date growing and is the market place for the area.
Lenore Volz
Lenore Volz (16 March 1913 – 26 September 2009) was a German Protestant theologian and one of the first women in Württemberg to work as a church minister.   She was chair of the Women Theologians' Convent of the Evangelical-Lutheran Church in Württemberg.

Württemberg
Württemberg (/ˈwɜːrtəmbɜːrɡ, ˈvɜːrt-/ WURT-əm-burg, VURT-; German: [ˈvʏʁtəmbɛʁk] ⓘ) is a historical German territory roughly corresponding to the cultural and linguistic region of Swabia. The main town of the region is Stuttgart.

Together with Baden and Hohenzollern, two other historical territories, Württemberg now forms the Federal State of Baden-Württemberg. Württemberg was formerly also spelled Würtemberg and Wirtemberg.
Brent and Shane Kinsman
Brent Kinsman and Shane Kinsman (born November 13, 1997) are American twin child actors whose roles include Kyle and Nigel Baker in the 2003 film Cheaper by the Dozen and its 2005 sequel Cheaper by the Dozen 2. They also had featured roles as Porter and Preston Scavo on the popular ABC television series Desperate Housewives for four years (replaced by Charlie Carver and Max Carver from season 5).

Charlie Carver
Charles Carver Martensen (born July 31, 1988) is an American actor and writer. His better known roles include Porter Scavo on the ABC television series Desperate Housewives (2008–2012), Ethan on the MTV television series Teen Wolf (2013–2014, 2017), Scott Frost on the first season of the HBO television series The Leftovers (2014), and as Cowboy in both The Boys in the Band on Broadway and the subsequent 2020 film of the same name. His identical twin brother Max Carver has frequently portrayed the twin of his characters.
Li Yan (Yang Wu)
Li Yan (李儼) (died 918), né Zhang Xiu (張休) and later Zhang Bo (張播), was an emissary that Emperor Zhaozong of Tang sent to the warlord Yang Xingmi the military governor (Jiedushi) of Huainan Circuit (淮南, headquartered in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu) in 902, who would remain at Huainan Circuit as the Tang emperor's representative even after Tang's eventual destruction in 907.  He would be the one who formally bestowed Yang Xingmi's sons and successors Yang Wo and Yang Longyan with their formal titles on behalf of the Tang emperor during the initial years of the Yang family-ruled state of Yang Wu (also known as Hongnong).  In 918, after the general Zhu Jin assassinated Xu Zhixun the son of Yang Wu's regent Xu Wen, Xu Wen believed that Li was complicit in Zhu's plot and put him to death.

Xu Zhixun (elder)
Xu Zhixun (徐知訓) (895-918) was the oldest biological son of Xu Wen, the regent of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period state Wu.  He served as the junior regent from 915 to his death in 918, with his father stationing himself at Jinling away from the capital Guangling (廣陵, in modern Yangzhou, Jiangsu).  Xu Zhixun's arrogance alienated the Wu generals, and, in 918, after he angered the general Zhu Jin, Zhu assassinated him.
John Stinson (Canadian politician)
John Stinson (March 12, 1764 – January 7, 1842) was a political figure in Upper Canada.

He was born in New Hampshire in 1764, the son of a United Empire Loyalist also named John Stinson. He originally came to Sophiasburgh Township in 1786 but later settled in Hallowell Township. In 1796, he was named justice of the peace for the Midland District. He also was a captain in the local militia and served during the War of 1812. He was elected to the 5th Parliament of Upper Canada for Prince Edward in an 1811 by-election and was reelected in 1812. With Joseph Willcocks, he opposed measures attempting to prepare the province for war that administrator Isaac Brock introduced in 1812.

He died in Hallowell Township in 1842.

Prince Edward County, Ontario
Prince Edward County (PEC) is a single-tier municipality in southern Ontario, Canada. Its coastline on Lake Ontario’s northeastern shore is known for Sandbanks Provincial Park, sand beaches, and limestone cliffs. The Regent Theatre, a restored Edwardian Opera  House, sits at the heart of the town of Picton on the Bay of Quinte. Nearby Macaulay Heritage Park highlights local history through its 19th-century buildings. In 2021, Prince Edward County had a census population of 25,704. Prince Edward County is a single-tier municipality and a census division of the Canadian province of Ontario.
Poupée de cire, poupée de son
"Poupée de cire, poupée de son" (French pronunciation: [pupe də siʁ pupe də sɔ̃]; English: "Wax doll, rag doll") is a song recorded by French singer France Gall with music composed and French lyrics written by Serge Gainsbourg. It represented Luxembourg in the Eurovision Song Contest 1965 held in Naples, winning the contest.

The song was inspired by the 4th movement (Prestissimo in F minor) from Beethoven's Piano Sonata No. 1. It was one of fourteen songs that participated in the Eurovision fiftieth anniversary competition Congratulations: 50 Years of the Eurovision Song Contest held on 22 October 2005, as one of the best Eurovision songs.

The day after her Eurovision victory the single had sold 16,000 copies in France, four months later it had sold more than 500,000 copies.

Les Sucettes
"Les Sucettes" (transl. "Lollipops") is a French pop song written by Serge Gainsbourg and first recorded by France Gall in 1966. One of Gall's biggest hits, it was an unusually risqué song for its time, containing numerous sexually charged double-entendres, although she had said that she was unaware of this at the time.
George Peddy
George Peddy (August 22, 1892 - June 13, 1951) was an American attorney, military officer, and political figure from Texas. A 1920 graduate of the University of Texas School of Law, he practiced law in Houston with the prominent firm of Vinson, Elkins, Weems, and Francis. A Democrat, He served in the Texas House of Representatives in 1917 and ran two high-profile but unsuccessful campaigns for the United States Senate (1922, 1948). A United States Army veteran of World War I and World War II, he attained the rank of lieutenant colonel while serving with the 5th Infantry Division in France during the Second World War, and received the Bronze Star Medal and Croix de Guerre.

University of Texas School of Law
The University of Texas School of Law (Texas Law or UT Law) is the law school of the University of Texas at Austin, a public research university in Austin, Texas.  According to Texas Law’s ABA disclosures, 93.0% of the Class of 2024 obtained full-time, long-term bar passage required employment (i.e. as attorneys) nine months after graduation.
Aleksey Karyakin
Aleksey Vyacheslavovych Karyakin (Russian: Алексе́й Вячесла́вович Каря́кин), born 7 April 1980 in Stakhanov (now Kadiivka) is a former chairman of the People's Council (parliament) of the unrecognized state of Luhansk People's Republic. He was voted out on 25 March 2016.

In media appeared information that Karyakin is imprisoned by Luhansk People's Republic. Couple of days later, in interview to Kommersant he denied those claims. He is suspected of attempted murder "of law enforcement officers and military personnel", "international damage to another's property" and "illegal purchase, storage, transportation or carrying of firearms and ammunition".

Karyakin was born in Stakhanov (now Kadiivka) in the Luhansk region of the Ukrainian SSR. After graduating from college with a degree in motor vehicle maintenance and repair, he had a small business.

On May 18, 2014 Karyakin was elected head of parliament of the unrecognized state of Luhansk People's Republic.

Kadiivka
Kadiivka (Ukrainian: Кадіївка) or Stakhanov (Russian: Стаханов), is a city in Alchevsk Raion, Luhansk Oblast, Donbas, eastern Ukraine. Residence of Kadiivka urban hromada. It is located on the Komyshuvakha River, a right tributary of the Luhan. On the decision of the Verkhovna Rada (Ukrainian parliament) the city was renamed back to Kadiivka in 2016. However, due to the Russian occupation of eastern Ukraine since early 2014, the Russian administration has kept the Soviet name of the city.

Following their 2022 annexation "referendum", Russia claimed the entire Luhansk Oblast, including Stakhanov (Kadiivka), as part of their Lugansk People's Republic (LPR / LNR). Kadiivka's population is approximately 73,248 (2022 estimate). Russia maintains the name Stakhanov, after the famous Soviet miner Alexei Stakhanov, and all city signage remains in the name of Stakhanov.
Graham Alexander (album)
Graham Alexander is the debut album by the American singer-songwriter Graham Alexander, self-released on December 28, 2011. It was released in Japan on ThisTime Records in 2013. Recording sessions for the album took place at several locations from 2009 to 2011. The album's production was credited to songwriter Graham Alexander, Fran Smith Jr., and Andy Kravitz. Spotify's top 100 songs chosen by fans playlist included the first single from the album "Biggest Fan" at No. 6 in its 2011 list.

Fran Smith Jr.
Fran Smith Jr. (born July 17, 1952) is an American bass guitarist and vocalist, best known for his 30-year gig with the Philadelphia-based rock group The Hooters. Smith has also maintained a career as a recording artist in his own right, as well as a producer for other artists.

Smith has toured as Paul McCartney in Beatlemania, a celebration of The Beatles. He also played the part of Carlo Cannoli in Tony and Tina's Wedding, a long running off-Broadway comedy. From his own recording studio he has produced many successful projects for artists such as Joe Piscopo and Flo & Eddie of The Turtles.

In 1995, Smith released the solo CD For No Apparent Reason, as Rory Kunkle.

In 2005, he released Man Meets Machine, Fran Smith Jr and the Ten Cent Millionaires

In 2016, he released Mystic County on his son Graham Alexander's Odeon label.
Ohio State Route 677
State Route 677 (SR 677) is a nearly 5-mile-long (8.0 km) north–south running state route existing entirely in Vinton County, Ohio.  Its southern terminus is at US 50, slightly to the east of McArthur in Elk Township, and its northern terminus is at SR 278 in Zaleski.  The route passes through rural east-central Vinton County while connecting the two towns. Locally, the route is known as Powder Plant Road, as an Austin Powder Company explosives plant lies along the route.

Ohio State Route 278
State Route 278 (SR 278) is a north–south state highway located in the southeastern part of the U.S. state of Ohio. The southern terminus of SR 278 is at US 50 approximately 4.75 miles (7.64 km) east of McArthur.  The highway's northern terminus is at the T-intersection it has with SR 595 nearly 5.50 miles (8.85 km) northwest of Nelsonville.

Established in the early 1930s, SR 278 primarily connects rural communities in Vinton, Hocking, and Athens Counties.  In Vinton County, it passes through and provides access to the Zaleski State Forest and Lake Hope State Park.
Laurent Millaudon (steamboat)
Laurent Millaudon was a wooden side-wheel river steamboat launched at Cincinnati, Ohio, in 1856 operating in the New Orleans, Louisiana, area, and captained by W. S. Whann. At the beginning of the American Civil War she was taken into service by the Confederate Navy as CSS General Sterling Price. On 6 June 1862, she was sunk at the First Battle of Memphis. She was raised and repaired by the Union army, and on 16 June 1862 was moved into Union service as USS General Price and served until the end of the war.

First Battle of Memphis
The First Battle of Memphis was a naval battle fought on the Mississippi River immediately north of the city of Memphis, Tennessee on June 6, 1862, during the American Civil War.  The engagement was witnessed by many of the citizens of Memphis. It resulted in a crushing defeat for the Confederate forces, and marked the virtual eradication of a Confederate naval presence on the river. Despite the lopsided outcome, the Union Army failed to grasp its strategic significance. Its primary historical importance is that it was the last time civilians with no prior military experience were permitted to command ships in combat. As such, it is a milestone in the development of professionalism in the United States Navy.
Gianluigi Lentini
Gianluigi Lentini (Italian pronunciation: [dʒanluˈiːdʒi lenˈtiːni]; born 27 March 1969) is an Italian former professional footballer who played as a winger.

Once dubbed the "new Gigi Meroni", Lentini began his senior career with hometown club Torino in 1986, with whom he won a Serie B title and the Mitropa Cup; in 1992, Lentini became the then-most expensive player when he joined Milan in a transfer worth a reported 18.5 billion Italian lire (€14 million), where he won three Serie A titles, three Supercoppas Italiana, and the UEFA Champions League. He suffered a serious car crash in 1993, which derailed his career.

Gigi Meroni
Luigi "Gigi" Meroni (Italian pronunciation: [luˈiːdʒi ˈdʒiːdʒi meˈroːni]; 24 February 1943 – 15 October 1967) was an Italian professional footballer who played as a winger.

He played 145 matches in Serie A, scoring 29 goals. At international level, he represented Italy on six occasions between 1966 and 1967, scoring two goals, and took part at the 1966 FIFA World Cup.
Jirón Cuzco
Jirón Cuzco is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues until it reaches Jirón Huánuco in Barrios Altos.

Cercado de Lima
The Cercado de Lima ('Walled Lima'), Damero de Pizarro ('Pizarro's Checkerboard'),  or Lima Cuadrada ('Squared Lima') is an area of the historic center of Lima (capital of Peru) located within the old walls of the city.
Maurice Loustau-Lalanne
Maurice Jean Leonard Loustau-Lalanne is a Seychellois politician who served as the Minister of Finance, Trade, Investment and Economic Planning. He was appointed by President Danny Faure on 26 April 2018 and served until 29 October 2020. He was previously the Minister of Tourism in January 2016.

Minister of Finance (Seychelles)
The Minister of Finance, Trade, Investment and Economic Planning of Seychelles is a cabinet minister in charge of the Ministry for Finance of Seychelles, responsible for public finances of the country. The ministry is located in Central Bank Building in Victoria.
Controversies of Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
Controversies of the current Somalian President Hassan Sheikh Mohamud included criticism after his indirect election victory since May 2022 and previously from 2012 to 2017, has faced numerous controversies during his political career. These controversies have spanned allegations of corruption, nepotism, attempts at impeachment, no-confidence motions, and criticism over security failures, alongside other governance-related disputes.

During 2014 he controversially welcomed the entry of Ethiopian troops into the African Union mission in the wake of the 2006 invasion. His first administration faced serious criticism for rampant corruption, media restrictions and abuse of power.

Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
Hassan Sheikh Mohamud (Somali: Xasan Sheekh Maxamuud; Arabic: حسن شيخ محمود, romanized: Ḥasan Shaykh Muḥamūd; born 29 November 1955) is a Somali politician serving as the president of Somalia since 15 May 2022. He previously held the office from 2012 to 2017.

Hassan was previously a university professor and dean at SIMAD University, which he co-founded. During 2012 he was elected President of the Transitional Federal Government (TFG). Time magazine placed him on an annual list of the 100 most influential people in the world in 2013. During 2014 he controversially welcomed the entry of Ethiopian troops into the African Union mission in the wake of the 2006 invasion. His first administration faced serious criticism for rampant corruption, media restrictions and abuse of power.

After losing power in 2017, he became the founder and current chairman of the Union for Peace and Development Party. He was indirectly elected as President of the Federal Republic of Somalia on 15 May 2022.
Vera Pauw
Vera Pauw (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈveːraː ˈpʌu]; born 18 January 1963) is a Dutch football coach and former player who is the manager of the United Arab Emirates women's national team. She has managed several national women's football teams, including Ireland, Scotland, Netherlands, Russia and South Africa.

Russia women's national football team
The Russia women's national football team represents Russia in international women's football. The team is controlled by the Russian Football Union and affiliated with UEFA. Yuri Krasnozhan replaced Elena Fomina as coach of the team in December 2020.

Russia qualified for two World Cups, 1999, 2003 and five European Championships, 1997, 2001, 2009, 2013 and 2017.

As the men's team, the Russian women's national team is the direct successor of the CIS and USSR women's national teams.

On 28 February 2022, due to the Russian invasion of Ukraine and in accordance with a recommendation by the International Olympic Committee (IOC), FIFA and UEFA suspended the participation of Russia, including in the UEFA Women's Euro 2022. The Russian Football Union unsuccessfully appealed the FIFA and UEFA bans to the Court of Arbitration for Sport, which upheld the bans.
Machen House
Machen House is a country house in the hamlet of Lower Machen, to the west of the city of Newport, Wales. The house was built in 1831 for the Rev. Charles Augustus Morgan, vicar of Machen and scion of the Morgan family of Tredegar House. In the mid-20th century, Machen was the home of the Conservative politician Peter Thorneycroft, who sat as the Member of Parliament for Monmouth. Machen House is a Grade II* listed building. Its gardens and grounds amount to around 28-acres and are listed at Grade II on the Cadw/ICOMOS Register of Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in Wales. A bothy and a bee bole in the grounds of the house are both listed at Grade II. The house remains a private residence and is not open to the public.

Bee bole
A bee bole is a cavity or alcove in a wall (the Scots word bole means a recess in a wall) for beekeeping.

A skep is placed in the bee bole. Before the development of modern bee hives (such as the design published by Lorenzo Langstroth in 1853), the use of bee boles was a practical way of keeping bees in some parts of Britain, although most beekeepers kept their skeps in the open covered by items suitable for the purpose, such as old pots or sacking. The bee bole helped to keep the wind and rain away from the skep and the bees living inside. Beekeeping was a very common activity in the past before sugar became plentiful and affordable as a sweetener. Demand was also high for beeswax for candles, especially from the pre-reformation churches, cathedrals, and abbeys; tithes and rents were often paid in honey and/or beeswax, or even bee swarms.
José Víctor Rodríguez
José Víctor Rodríguez de Miguel (10 February 1945 – 3 March 2016) was a Spanish football manager, taking charge over the likes of Real Murcia, Real Oviedo, and Granada CF. Throughout his long managerial career, he achieved eight promotions with different teams.

Real Murcia CF
Real Murcia Club de Fútbol, S.A.D., commonly known as Real Murcia ([reˈal ˈmuɾθja], "Royal Murcia"), is a Spanish football club based in Murcia, in the Región de Murcia. Founded in 1919, it currently plays in Primera Federación – Group 2, playing home matches at Estadio Nueva Condomina, which holds 31,179 spectators.

In domestic football, the club has won a record 8 Segunda División titles and 1 Spanish Royal Federation Cup.

Home colours are mainly scarlet shirt and white shorts.