hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
863rd Bombardment Squadron
The 863rd Bombardment Squadron is a former United States Army Air Forces unit.  It was first organized as the 518th Bombardment Squadron in October 1942, when it replaced a National Guard unit participating in antisubmarine patrols off the Atlantic coast, becoming the 13th Antisubmarine Squadron in November.  When the Navy took over the coastal antisubmarine mission in August 1943, the squadron moved to the western United States, where it formed the cadre for the 493rd Bombardment Group and was redesignated as the 863rd.  It moved to England in the spring of 1944 and participated in the strategic bombing campaign against Germany until April 1945.  It returned to the United States and was inactivated in August 1945.

Cadre (military)
A cadre (/ˈkɑːdrə/, also UK: /ˈkɑːdər/, also US: /ˈkɑːdreɪ/) is the complement of commissioned officers and non-commissioned officers of a military unit responsible for training the rest of the unit. The cadre may be the permanent skeleton establishment of a unit, around which the full unit can be built if needed. In countries which have conscription, a cadre may comprise the permanent staff of a regiment who train the conscripts assigned to it. The term comes from the French expression en cadre, with the same meaning.
Juraj Slafkovský
Juraj Slafkovský (born 30 March 2004) is a Slovak professional ice hockey player who is a forward for the Montreal Canadiens of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was selected first overall in the 2022 NHL entry draft by the Canadiens, the highest-drafted Slovak player in the history of the NHL.

Slafkovský first rose to prominence as a member of the Slovak national team at the 2022 Winter Olympics, where he played a pivotal role in the country's first-ever Olympic medal in ice hockey. Leading the tournament in scoring, he was named its most valuable player. He was identified as part of a new generation of promising Slovak hockey players.

Ice hockey at the 2022 Winter Olympics – Men's tournament
The men's tournament in ice hockey at the 2022 Winter Olympics took place in Beijing, China between 9 and 20 February 2022. Twelve countries qualified for the tournament; eight of them did so automatically by virtue of their ranking by the International Ice Hockey Federation, one, China, automatically qualified as hosts, while the three others took part in a qualification tournament.

Russia, which competed under the banner of "Olympic Athletes from Russia" (OAR) in 2018, then under the name of the Russian Olympic Committee (ROC) in this 2022 tournament, were the defending champions.

Finland won its first-ever ice hockey Olympic gold medal after going undefeated and beating the Russian Olympic Committee team in the final.

Slovakia claimed its first-ever ice hockey medal at the Olympics after defeating Sweden 4–0 and finishing third.

For the first time in history, the Czech Republic did not qualify for the quarterfinals and finished in ninth place, their worst placement in history.
Carmen Arnold Biucchi
Carmen Francesca Ernesta Arnold-Biucchi (23 June 1947 – 2 January 2026) was a Swiss classical numismatist and archaeologist. She was an expert on the coinages of Greek Sicily and Hellenistic numismatics.

Arnold-Biucchi worked at the American Numismatic Society from 1982 to 2002, before becoming the Damarete curator of ancient coins at the Harvard Art Museums in 2002. She retired in 2019.

American Numismatic Society
The American Numismatic Society (ANS) is a New York City-based organization dedicated to the study of coins, money, medals, tokens, and related objects. Founded in 1858, its collection encompasses nearly one million items, including medals and paper money, as well as the world's most comprehensive library of numismatic literature. Dr. Ute Wartenberg is the current Executive Director.
Campani compound microscope
The Campani compound microscope is a microscope on exhibit at the Museo Galileo in Italy, thought to have been built by optical instrument maker Giuseppe Campani in the second half 17th century. For a time it was thought to have been built by Italian scientist Galileo Galilei but no longer bares that attribution.

Museo Galileo
Museo Galileo (formerly Istituto e Museo di Storia della Scienza; Institute and Museum of the History of Science) is located in Florence, Italy, in Piazza dei Giudici, along the River Arno and close to the Uffizi Gallery. The museum, dedicated to astronomer and scientist Galileo Galilei, is housed in Palazzo Castellani, an 11th-century building which was then known as the Castello d'Altafronte.

Museo Galileo owns one of the world's major collection of scientific instruments, which bears evidence of the role that the Medici and Lorraine Grand Dukes attached to science and scientists.

The Museo di Storia della Scienza re-opened to the public with the new name Museo Galileo in June 2010, after a two-year closure due to redesigning and renovation work. Its name change celebrates the 400-year anniversary of Galileo's Sidereus Nuncius (The Starry Messenger), first published in March of 1610.
Richard Hubberthorne
Richard Hubberthorne (1628 (baptized) – 17 August 1662) was an early Quaker preacher and writer active in the 1650s and early 1660s until his death in Newgate prison.

Hubberthorne is generally overshadowed by more famous early Quakers like George Fox, James Nayler, and Edward Burrough. William Braithwaite Beginnings of Quakerism includes him among the "heroic pioneers of the new movement", but puts him last, and later describes his writing as having "no distinction either of style or matter".

James Nayler
James Nayler (or Naylor; 1618–1660) was an English Quaker leader. He was among the members of the Valiant Sixty, a group of early Quaker preachers and missionaries. In 1656, Nayler achieved national notoriety when he re-enacted Christ's Palm Sunday entry into Jerusalem by entering Bristol on a horse. He was imprisoned and charged with blasphemy.
Qullpa K'uchu
Qullpa K'uchu or Qullpak'uchu (Quechua qullpa salpeter, k'uchu corner "salpeter corner", Hispanicized spelling Cullpacucho) is a mountain in the Wansu mountain range in the Andes of Peru, about 5,300 metres (17,388 ft) high. It is situated in the Arequipa Region, La Unión Province, Puyca District, and in the Cusco Region, Chumbivilcas Province, Santo Tomás District, and in the La Unión Province, Puyca District. It lies east of the mountain Minasniyuq.

The river Qañawimayu originates between the mountains Minasniyuq and Qullpa K'uchu at a height of 4,940 metres (16,207 ft). It is an important tributary of the Apurímac River, the source of the Amazon River.

Huanzo mountain range
The Huanzo mountain range (possibly from in the Quechua spelling Wansu) lies in the Andes of Peru. It extends between 14°30 and 15°01'S and 72°10 and 73°15W for about 57 km. It is situated in the Apurímac Region, Antabamba Province, in the Arequipa Region, Castilla Province, La Unión Province, in the Ayacucho Region, Parinacochas Province, and in the Chumbivilcas Province of the Cusco Region.
Sher Afghan Khan
Ali Quli Istajlu, commonly known as Sherafghan Khan (Persian: شيرافگن خان), initially served as the safarchi (lit. 'table-attendant') of Safavids, and later became a Mughal courtier, becoming the jagirdar of Burdwan in West Bengal (1605–1607). He was also the first husband of Nur Jahan (Mehrunissa), who later married Jahangir after Ali Quli Khan's death and became Empress of India and the power behind the emperor.

He was given the title Sherafghan Khan (lit. 'tiger grappler') by Prince Salim, Jahangir after his meritorious actions during a war with the Rana of Mewar. Ali Quli Khan Istajlu was educated under the instructions of Shah Ismail II of the Safavid dynasty in Iran. Like his wife, Sher Afghan was also  an immigrant from Persia, who fled from Iran to Kandahar, then in India.

He was the father of a daughter called Mihr-un-nissa Begum, after she married Prince Shahryar, the fifth and youngest son of Jahangir and rival to Shah Jahan.

Shah
Shāh (/ʃɑː/; Persian: شاه [ˈʃaːɦ] ⓘ) is a royal title meaning 'king' in Persian. Though chiefly associated with the monarchs of Iran, it was also used to refer to the leaders of numerous Persianate societies, such as the Ottoman Empire, the Khanate of Bukhara and the Emirate of Bukhara, the Mughal Empire, the Bengal Sultanate, and various Afghan dynasties, as well as among Gurkhas. With regard to Iranian history, in particular, each ruling monarch was not seen simply as the head of the concurrent dynasty and state, but as the successor to a long line of royalty beginning with the original Persian Empire of Cyrus the Great. To this end, he was more emphatically known as the Shāhanshāh (شاهنشاه, šāhanšāh, 'king of kings' [ˌʃaːhanˈʃaːɦ]), since the Achaemenid dynasty. A roughly equivalent title is Pādishāh (پادشاه, pādišāh, pādšāh, 'master king'), which was most widespread during the Muslim period in the Indian subcontinent.
Louis Clark (English footballer)
Louis Max Clark (born 10 June 1990) is an English footballer who plays in the Isthmian League for Worthing. He can either play as a winger or a striker. He started his football career playing for Brighton & Hove Albion, his youth club, before moving to Lewes in 2007.

He then moved to the US to play as a student-athlete in Ashland University from 2009 to 2013 before earning a scholarship for an NCAA Division I school, Syracuse University.

After college, he went to Australia to play professional for two clubs, Myrtleford FC (2013) and Cobram Victory FC (2013–2014).
In August 2014, he signed for Kaya Futbol Club. He is also one of the youth coaches for his club's youth academy, Kaya FC Academy.

Ashland University
Ashland University is a private university in Ashland, Ohio, United States. The university consists of a 135-acre (55 ha) main campus and several off-campus centers throughout central and northern Ohio. Ashland was founded in 1878 as Ashland College.  It is affiliated with The Brethren Church.

In addition to a graduate school, the university consists of four colleges: the College of Arts and Sciences, the Schar College of Education, the Dauch College of Business and Economics, and the Schar College of Nursing and Health Sciences and offers over 60 college majors. Ashland Theological Seminary, a division of Ashland University, offers a Doctor of Ministry (D.Min.) degree as well as master's degrees. Ashland is classified as a master's university with most graduate research being in a professional field.
4728th Air Defense Group
The 4728th Air Defense Group  is a discontinued United States Air Force organization. It was assigned to the New York Air Defense Sector and stationed at Dover Air Force Base.

The group was formed to provide a single command and support organization for the two fighter interceptor squadrons of Air Defense Command (ADC), that were tenants at Dover, a Military Air Transport Service (MATS) base.  It was also assigned a maintenance squadron to perform aircraft maintenance.  It was discontinued after the 46th Fighter-Interceptor Squadron inactivated in 1958, leaving only a single fighter squadron at Griffiss.

Military Air Transport Service
The Military Air Transport Service (MATS) is an inactive Department of Defense Unified Command.  Activated on 1 June 1948, MATS was a consolidation of the United States Navy's Naval Air Transport Service (NATS) and the United States Air Force's Air Transport Command (ATC) into a single joint command. It was inactivated and discontinued on 8 January 1966, superseded by the Air Force's Military Airlift Command (MAC) as a separate strategic airlift command, and it returned shore-based Navy cargo aircraft to Navy control as operational support airlift (OSA) aircraft.

In 1966, the World War II ATC (1942–1948) and the Military Air Transport Service were consolidated with Military Airlift Command (MAC) (1966–1992).
Final Portrait
Final Portrait is a 2017 comedy-drama film written and directed by Stanley Tucci. The film stars Geoffrey Rush, Armie Hammer, Clémence Poésy, Tony Shalhoub, James Faulkner, and Sylvie Testud. The film had its world premiere at the Berlin International Film Festival on 11 February 11, 2017. The film was released in the United Kingdom on August 18, 2017, by Vertigo Releasing. The film was released in the United States on 23 March 2018 by Sony Pictures Classics.

Clémence Poésy
Clémence Guichard (born 30 October 1982), known professionally as Clémence Poésy (French: [klemɑ̃s pɔezi]), is a French actress and fashion model. After starting on the stage as a child, Poésy studied drama and has been active in both film and television since 1999, including some English-language productions. She is known for the roles of Fleur Delacour in the Harry Potter film series, Chloë in In Bruges, Rana in 127 Hours, Natasha Rostova in War and Peace, and the lead role as Elise Wassermann in the 24-episode series The Tunnel.
2008 Montana gubernatorial election
The 2008 Montana gubernatorial election was held on November 4, 2008, to elect the governor and lieutenant governor of the U.S. state of Montana. Incumbent governor Brian Schweitzer, a Democrat who was elected to his first four-year term in 2004, was elected to a second term with 65.5% of the vote, despite John McCain narrowly carrying the state during the concurrent presidential election. Incumbent lieutenant governor John Bohlinger, a Republican who was once again Schweitzer's running mate, was reelected to a second term. The Republican nominee was Roy Brown, a member of the Montana Senate. Brown's running mate was businessman Steve Daines, a future member of both chambers of Congress.

Montana Senate
The Montana State Senate is, along with the Montana House of Representatives, one of the two houses that composes the Montana Legislature, the state legislative branch of the U.S. state of Montana. The body is composed of 50 senators elected for four years. Half of the Senate is up for election every two years.
George Douglas, 17th Earl of Morton
George Sholto Douglas, 17th Earl of Morton (23 December 1789 – 31 March 1858), known as George Douglas until 1827, was a Scottish Tory politician.

Douglas was the son of the Hon. John Douglas, second son of James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton. His mother was Lady Frances, daughter of Edward Lascelles, 1st Earl of Harewood. He succeeded his cousin in the earldom in 1827 and was elected a Scottish representative peer in 1828. He served as a Lord-in-waiting (government whip in the House of Lords) from 1841 to 1846 in the second Tory administration of Sir Robert Peel and in 1852 in the first Conservative administration of the Earl of Derby.

Lord Morton married Frances Theodora, daughter of Sir George Henry Rose, in 1817. Their second son the Hon. George Henry Douglas became an Admiral in the Royal Navy. Lord Morton died in March 1858, aged 68, and was succeeded in the earldom by his eldest son Sholto. Lady Morton died in 1879.

James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton
James Douglas, 14th Earl of Morton, KT, FRS (1702 – 12 October 1768) was a Scottish peer and astronomer who was president of the Philosophical Society of Edinburgh from its foundation in 1737 until his death in 1768. He also became president of the Royal Society on 24 March 1764, and was a distinguished patron of science, and particularly of astronomy.

He was born in Edinburgh as the son of George Douglas, 13th Earl of Morton and his second wife Frances Adderley.  He graduated MA from King's College, Cambridge, in 1722. In 1746 he visited France, and was imprisoned in the Bastille, probably as a Jacobite.
He had a long lasting tendency to protest against the actions of the British government.
Atkeson
Atkeson or Attkisson, along with similar spellings, is a surname that originated as a variant of Atkinson, sometimes also spelled Atkenson. While Atkinson originated as a diminutive of Atkin, in Northern England, Atkeson/Attkisson (etc.) now appears to be most common in North America. However, other seemingly similar names, such as Akeson, are more likely to be derived from unrelated surnames such as Åkesson or Akerson (both of which have Swedish origins).

Åkesson
Åkesson is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Elner Åkesson (1890–1962), Swedish cinematographer

Fredrik Åkesson, Swedish guitarist

Jimmie Åkesson (born 1979), Swedish politician

Joel Åkesson (born 1991), Swedish ice hockey player

Lena Åkesson (born 1967), Swedish boxer

Ralf Åkesson (born 1961), Swedish chess grandmaster

Sonja Åkesson (1926–1977), Swedish writer, poet and artist

Stefan Åkesson, Swedish skateboarder

Susanne Åkesson (born 1964), Swedish zoologist

Vagn Ákason, 10th century Norseman
Gabriel Roberge
Gabriel Roberge (30 March 1918 – 5 July 2006) was a Liberal party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a lawyer by profession.

Roberge was born in Saint-Ferdinand d'Halifax, Quebec. He graduated twice from Université Laval, first in 1938 with a Bachelor of Arts, then in 1941 with a Bachelor of Laws. He served in the military with Le Régiment de la Chaudière, reaching the rank of Second Lieutenant in 1941, and left the forces in 1946 as a Captain.

He was first elected at the Mégantic riding in the 1958 general election. After serving one term in the 24th Parliament, he was defeated in the 1962 election by Raymond Langlois of the Social Credit Party. He became a Quebec Superior Court judge in October 1963.

Roberge also helped establish the Kiwanis club in Thetford Mines and has been a knight of the Order of Saint Lazarus since 1974. He died on 5 July 2006, in Quebec City.

Raymond Langlois
Raymond Langlois (10 April 1936 – 12 August 1996) was a Ralliement créditiste and Social Credit party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a professor by career.

He was first elected at the Mégantic riding in the 1962 general election, then re-elected there in 1963 and 1965.  While serving in Parliament, he was his party's representative on the House of Commons committee inquiring into the creation of a new Canadian flag.

After completing his term in the 27th Canadian Parliament, Langlois left the House of Commons and did not seek re-election in the 1968 election. He was unsuccessful in an attempt to return to Parliament in the 1972 election at Lapointe riding.
Northern & Shell
Northern & Shell (holding company name Northern and Shell Network Ltd) was a British publishing group, founded in December 1974 and owned since then by Richard Desmond. Formerly a publisher of pornographic magazines including Penthouse and Asian Babes, it published the Daily Express, Sunday Express, Daily Star and Daily Star Sunday, and the magazines OK!, New! and Star until these were sold to Trinity Mirror in February 2018. Northern & Shell also owned three entertainment television channels: Channel 5, 5* and 5USA until 2015. It owned Portland TV, which operates pornographic TV channels including Television X and Red Hot TV; the company sold Portland in April 2016.

Northern & Shell has operated The Health Lottery in the UK since it launched in 2011.

5USA
5USA is a British free-to-air television channel owned by Channel 5 Broadcasting Limited, a wholly owned subsidiary of Paramount Skydance Corporation, which is grouped under Paramount Networks UK & Australia division. It was launched on 16 October 2006 as Five US and was the second digital terrestrial television channel in the UK to be launched by RTL Group (the owner at the time) as part of their multi-channel strategy, the first being Five Life (now 5Star). 5USA concentrates on showing imported movies and programmes from the United States.
Daniel Moscopolites
Daniel of Moscopole or Daniil of Moscopole (1754–1825; Aromanian: Daniil Moscopoleanu or Moscopoleanlu; Greek: Δανιήλ Μοσχοπολίτης, romanized: Daniil Moschopolitis), also known as Mihali Adami Hagi (Aromanian: Mihali Adami Hagi), was an Aromanian scholar from Moscopole and student of Theodoros Kavalliotis, an 18th/19th-century professor and director of New Academy of Moscopole.

Theodore Kavalliotis
Theodore Anastasios Kavalliotis (Greek: Θεόδωρος Αναστασίου Καβαλλιώτης; Aromanian: Teodor Anastasie Cavalioti; Albanian: Theodor Kavalioti, 1718 – 11 August 1789) was a Greek Orthodox priest, teacher and a figure of the Greek Enlightenment. He is also known for having drafted an Aromanian–Greek–Albanian dictionary.
Coat of arms of Armenia
The national coat of arms of Armenia (Armenian: Հայաստանի զինանշան, romanized: Hayastani zinanshan) was adopted on 19 April 1992 by resolution of the Armenian Supreme Council. On 15 June 2006 the Armenian Parliament passed the law on the state coat of arms of Armenia.

It consists of an eagle and a lion supporting a shield. The coat of arms combines new and old symbols. The eagle and lion are ancient Armenian symbols dating from the first Armenian kingdoms that existed prior to Christ. These symbols are found on the Armenian Highland from times immemorial. Numerous Armenian dynasties such as Artaxiad, Arsacid, Bagratuni and Rubenid, used these symbols as their royal insignia. Like other post-Soviet republics whose symbols do not predate the October Revolution, the current emblem retained one component of the Soviet one such as the Mount Ararat on the shield. Prior to 1992, Armenia had an emblem similar to all other Soviet Republics.

Rubenids
The Rubenids (Armenian: Ռուբինեաններ) or Roupenids were an Armenian dynasty who dominated parts of Cilicia, and who established the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia. The dynasty takes its name from its founder, the Armenian prince Ruben I. The Rubenids were princes, later kings, of Cilicia from around 1080 until they were surpassed by the Hethumids in the mid-thirteenth century.
Saoradh
Saoradh (Irish: [ˈsˠiːɾˠə], "Liberation") is a far-left political party and pressure group formed by dissident Irish republicans in 2016. It is active in both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The Police Service of Northern Ireland and independent commentators describe the party as being close with the New IRA, although Saoradh themselves deny this.

Police Service of Northern Ireland
The Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI; Irish: Seirbhís Póilíneachta Thuaisceart Éireann; Ulster Scots: Polis Service o Norlin Airlan), is the police service responsible for law enforcement and the prevention of crime within Northern Ireland.

It is the successor to the Royal Ulster Constabulary (RUC) after it was reformed and renamed in 2001 on the recommendation of the Patten Report.

The PSNI is the third-largest police service in the United Kingdom in terms of officer numbers (after the Metropolitan Police and Police Scotland) and the second-largest in terms of geographic area of responsibility, after Police Scotland. The PSNI is approximately half the size of Garda Síochána in terms of officer numbers.
Sanjay Yadav (judge)
Justice Sanjay Yadav (born 26 June 1959) is a retired Indian judge and currently serving as Judicial member of Lokpal of India. He is a former Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court. He has served as acting Chief Justice of the Allahabad High Court and Madhya Pradesh High Court. He has also served as a judge of the Allahabad High Court and Madhya Pradesh High Court.

Madhya Pradesh High Court
The Madhya Pradesh High Court is the High Court of the state of Madhya Pradesh which is located in Jabalpur. It was established as the Nagpur High Court on 2 January 1936 by Letters Patent dated 2 January 1936, issued under Section 108 the Government of India Act, 1935. This Letters Patent continued in force even after the adoption of the constitution of India on 26 January 1950 by virtue of Articles 225 & 372 thereof. The court has a sanctioned judge strength of 53.
A4135 road
The A4135 road is a road in Gloucestershire, England. It connects the town of Tetbury with the M5 motorway and the A38 road to the west, passing through Beverston, Dursley and Cam en route to Slimbridge.

Dursley
Dursley is a market town and civil parish in the Stroud District of Gloucestershire, England. It lies between the cities of Bristol and Gloucester. It is under the northeast flank of Stinchcombe Hill, and about 4 miles (6 km) southeast of the River Severn. The town is adjacent to the village of Cam. The population of Dursley was 7,463 at the 2021 Census.