hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ludwig Heinrich Philipp Döderlein
Ludwig Heinrich Philipp Döderlein (3 March 1855 – 23 April 1936) was a German zoologist. He specialized in echinoderms, particularly sea stars, sea urchins, and crinoids. He was one of the first European zoologists to have the opportunity to do research work in Japan from 1879 to 1881. Today, he is considered one of the most important pioneers of marine biological research in Japan.

He was the director and curator of the Musée zoologique de la ville de Strasbourg from 1882 to 1919. He headed the Zoologische Staatssammlung München from 1923 to 1927 and was Professor of Zoology in the Ludwig Maximilian University of Munich.

Bavarian State Collection of Zoology
The Bavarian State Collection of Zoology (German: Zoologische Staatssammlung München) or ZSM is a major German research institution for zoological systematics in Munich. It has over 20 million zoological specimens. It is one of the largest natural history collections in the world. The sections are Entomology, Invertebrates and Vertebrates. The history of the museum is outlined on the museum's home page together with a biography of Johann Baptist von Spix the first curator of zoology.
Penders (holiday retreat)
Penders is a heritage-listed holiday retreat at Haighs Road (within Mimosa Rocks National Park), Tanja, Bega Valley Shire, New South Wales, Australia. It was designed by Roy Grounds and built from 1964 to 1980 by Hamish Ramsay and other local builders. It is also known as Grounds and Myer Holiday Retreat, the "Barn" and Myers House. The property is owned by Office of Environment and Heritage (State Government). It was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 29 November 2013.

Mimosa Rocks National Park
Mimosa Rocks is a national park in New South Wales, Australia, 329 km southwest of Sydney near the towns of Tathra and Bermagui.  The park is close to Bournda National Park and forms part of the Ulladulla to Merimbula Important Bird Area, identified as such by BirdLife International because of its importance for swift parrots.
New Mexico State Road 145
State Road 145 (NM 145) is a 3.500-mile-long (5.633 km), paved, two-lane state highway in Hidalgo County in the U.S. state of New Mexico. NM 145's western terminus is at the road's junction with NM 80, right after the road turns north passing through Peloncillo Mountains. The road's eastern terminus is north of Cotton City at the highway's junction with NM 338. NM 145 is also known as Goat Camp Road.

Hidalgo County, New Mexico
Hidalgo County (Spanish: Condado de Hidalgo) is the southernmost county of the U.S. state of New Mexico. As of the 2020 census, the population was 4,178. The county seat and largest city is Lordsburg. A bill creating Hidalgo from the southern part of Grant County was passed on February 25, 1919, taking effect at the beginning of 1920. The county was named for the town north of Mexico City where the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo was signed, which in turn was named for Miguel Hidalgo y Costilla, the priest who is known as the "Father of Mexican Independence."

The county is located on the Mexico–United States border, comprises the New Mexico Bootheel, and is majority-Hispanic or Latino.
Marcelo Martinez
Marcelo Martínez (born August 10, 1996) is a Mexican professional baseball pitcher for the Wei Chuan Dragons of the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL). He has previously played in the CPBL for the Rakuten Monkeys.

Rakuten Monkeys
The Rakuten Monkeys (Chinese: 樂天桃猿; pinyin: Lètiān Táoyuán; lit. 'Rakuten Taoyuan Monkeys'), formerly known as La New Bears (2004–2010) and Lamigo Monkeys (2011–2019), are a professional baseball team in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in Taiwan. Owned and administered by the Japanese technology conglomerate Rakuten, the Monkeys qualified for the playoffs in 2006 for the first time in team history, and by finishing with the best record in the entire season, gained an automatic berth for the Taiwan Series.
Pedro Silva Gil
Pedro Silva Gil (1820-1883) was a Peruvian brigadier general serving under the Peruvian Army. At the outbreak of the War of the Pacific in 1879 he was already retired, but he requested and obtained his return to service, being appointed Chief of Staff of the Defense Army of Lima. He fought in the Battles of San Juan and Miraflores in 1881. He then joined the resistance of the mountains led by General Andrés Avelino Cáceres and was killed in the Battle of Huamachuco.

Battle of Huamachuco
The Battle of Huamachuco was fought on the 10 July 1883, and it was the last major battle of the War of the Pacific. The Chilean soldiers, led by Colonel Alejandro Gorostiaga, decisively defeated the Peruvian army commanded by General Andrés Avelino Cáceres near the town of Huamachuco. This Chilean victory effectively eliminated Cáceres' Ejército de la Breña, ending any real threat or resistance in the Peruvian Andes. The Peruvian defeat paved the way for the Treaty of Ancón that finally put an end to the war. Also, one of Peru's greatest heroes, Colonel Leoncio Prado, died as a consequence of this battle.
Say It Right
"Say It Right" is a song by Canadian singer Nelly Furtado from her third studio album, Loose (2006). It was written by Furtado, Tim "Timbaland" Mosley, and Nate "Danja" Hills, with Furtado crediting the Eurythmics' song "Here Comes the Rain Again" as her inspiration. The song was released as the third single from Loose on 31 October 2006, by Geffen Records and Mosley Music Group; in Europe, it was released as the fourth.

"Say It Right" attained worldwide success, topping the charts in the United States, New Zealand, and numerous European countries. The accompanying music video for the song, directed by Rankin & Chris, features Furtado singing in various locations. The song has been performed on a number of live appearances by Furtado, including her third headlining Get Loose Tour. It received a Grammy Award nomination for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance at the 50th Annual Grammy Awards (2008) but lost to Amy Winehouse's "Rehab".

Here Comes the Rain Again
"Here Comes the Rain Again" is a song by British duo Eurythmics and the opening track from their third studio album, Touch (1983). It was written by group members Annie Lennox and David A. Stewart and produced by Stewart. The song was released on 13 January 1984 as the album's third single in the UK and in the United States as the first single.

It became Eurythmics' second top-ten US song, peaking at number four on the Billboard Hot 100. "Here Comes the Rain Again" reached number eight in the UK Singles Chart, becoming their fifth consecutive top-ten single in their home country.
Diamond Lake, Illinois
Diamond Lake is an unincorporated community in Lake County, Illinois, United States, surrounding the glacial lake of the same name. Diamond Lake is located along Illinois Route 60 and Illinois Route 83, north of Long Grove and south of Mundelein.

Illinois Route 83
Illinois Route 83 (IL 83) is a 91.73-mile-long (147.63 km) major north–south state highway in northeast Illinois. It stretches from U.S. Route 30 (US 30, Lincoln Highway) by Lynwood and Dyer, Indiana, north to the Wisconsin border by Antioch at Wisconsin Highway 83 (WIS 83).
Ernie Cooksey
Ernest George Cooksey (11 June 1980 – 3 July 2008) was an English footballer, who was a utility player. He started as a trainee with Colchester United, before joining non-League clubs Heybridge Swifts, Bishop's Stortford, Chesham United and Bromley. In 2002, he joined Southern Football League Premier Division side Crawley Town before turning professional with Football League side Oldham Athletic in 2003.

He then moved to Rochdale in 2004 and Boston United in 2007, totalling 140 appearances in the Football League over a four-year period. He dropped down back into non-League football, joining Conference National club Grays Athletic, making 19 league appearances.

Cooksey had a form of skin cancer removed from his back in 2006, but was diagnosed with a recurrence of a melanoma in February 2008. He died in the early hours of 3 July 2008, aged 28.

Utility player
In sports, a utility player is one who can play several positions competently. Sports in which the term is often used include association football, basketball, rugby, baseball, softball, ice hockey, and water polo.

The term has gained prominence in all sports due to its use in fantasy leagues, but in rugby union and rugby league, it is commonly used by commentators to recognize a player's versatility.

The use of this term to describe a player may in some circumstances be a backhanded compliment, as it suggests the player is not good enough to be considered a specialist in one position (i.e., a jack of all trades).
Fletcher Trust
The Fletcher Trust is a charitable trust in New Zealand. Established in 1980, it grew from a philanthropic trust that had provided medical and educational benefits for employees of the construction company Fletcher Holdings. In 2002 the trust became an independent charitable trust organisation, focusing on educational philanthropy for projects in New Zealand.

The trust manages both the Fletcher Trust Archives and the Fletcher Trust Collection. The Fletcher Trust Archives are the largest corporate archives in New Zealand, focusing on material related to Fletcher construction projects and business activities dating back to 1911. The Fletcher Trust Collection is an art collection which includes nearly 600 artworks by over 250 artists, primarily focused on the New Zealand arts scene. The Trust also owns and funds Fletcher House, a historic house museum in Broad Bay, Dunedin.

Historic house museum
A historic house museum is a house of historic significance that is preserved as a museum. Historic furnishings may be displayed in a way that reflects their original placement and usage in a home. Historic house museums are held to a variety of standards, including those of the International Council of Museums. Houses are transformed into museums for a number of different reasons. For example, the homes of famous writers are frequently turned into writer's home museums to support literary tourism.
We Believed
We Believed (Italian: Noi credevamo) is a 2010 Italian drama film directed by Mario Martone, based on a screenplay by Martone and Giancarlo De Cataldo inspired by events around the 19th-century Young Italy political movement and based on the novel of the late art historian Anna Banti. Nominated for the Golden Lion at the 67th Venice International Film Festival, the film was released in Italy on 12 November 2010.

Young Italy
Young Italy (Italian: La Giovine Italia, pronounced [la ˈdʒoːvine iˈtaːlja]) was an Italian political movement founded in 1831 by Giuseppe Mazzini. A few months after leaving Italy, in June 1831, Mazzini wrote a letter to King Charles Albert of Sardinia, in which he asked him to unite Italy and lead the nation. A month later, convinced that his demands did not reach the king, he founded the movement in Marseille. It would then spread out to other nations across Europe. The movement's goal was to create a united Italian republic through promoting a general insurrection in the Italian reactionary states and in the lands occupied by the Austrian Empire. Mazzini's belief was that a popular uprising would create a unified Italy. The slogan that defined the movement's aim was "Union, Strength, and Liberty". The phrase could be found in the tricolor Italian flag, which represented the country's unity.
Casablanca Uprisings of 1952
The Casablanca Uprisings of 1952 (Arabic: انتفاضة الدار البيضاء 1952) were a violently repressed anti-colonial popular movement that took place on the 7th and 8th of December 1952 in Casablanca, Morocco in response to the French assassination of the Tunisian labor unionist Farhat Hached in Tunis on 5 December. The Union Générale des Syndicats Confédéres au Maroc (UGSCM) labor union and the Istiqlal Party organized two days of strike and protests. Over 3,500 workers assembled in demonstrations that were violently dispersed by the French police. Hundreds of Europeans rampaged into Moroccan neighborhoods leading to hundreds protestors killed or wounded.

Street children and dock workers also participated in the Casablanca protests of December 1952.

Farhat Hached
Farhat Hached (Arabic: فرحات حشاد; 2 February 1914 – 5 December 1952) was a Tunisian labor unionist and activist who was assassinated by La Main Rouge, a French terrorist organization operated by French foreign intelligence. He was one of the leaders of the pro-independence Tunisian national movement, along with Habib Bourguiba and Salah ben Youssef. More recently, on 18 December 2009, it was confirmed to the Al Jazeera news organisation by a man called Antoine Méléro, who claimed to be a former La Main Rouge member, that La Main Rouge had been a military wing of the French Service de Documentation Extérieure et de Contre-Espionnage (External Documentation and Counter-Espionage Service) or SDECE.
Seven Lives Many Faces
Seven Lives Many Faces is the seventh studio album by the German musical project Enigma, released on 19 September 2008 by Virgin Records. Michael Cretu stated that the album would feature an omnicultural sound unlike anything on its previous releases. On 12 September, the album was released on Enigma's Myspace page for pre-listening. After enjoying a huge success on MySpace (with over 400,000 listens in two days), several international MTV and VH1 websites started streaming the album until 22 September.

Seven Lives Many Faces was also released in DVD format with 5.1 surround sound, similar to their previous album A Posteriori.

A Posteriori
A Posteriori is the sixth studio album by German musical project Enigma, released on 22 September 2006 by Virgin Records. In December 2006, the album was nominated for Best New Age Album at the 2007 Grammy Awards.

While the previous album, Voyageur, contained minimal amounts of the project's signature sounds, A Posteriori only contains the signature "Enigma horn" (a foghorn) during the opening minute of the album, and even then it is a fleeting glimpse. Coupled with the album's subject matter of the collision of the Milky Way and Andromeda galaxies, A Posteriori is, compared to earlier releases, stark and foreboding.
Herwin Novianto
Herwin Novianto is an Indonesian film director who won the Citra Award for Best Director at the 2012 Indonesian Film Festival for his drama Tanah Surga... Katanya (Land of Heaven... They Say).
He later directed Aisyah, biarkan kami bersaudara  in 2016 which starred Laudya Cynthia Bella.

Tanah Surga... Katanya
Tanah Surga... Katanya (Paradise's Land... They Say) is a 2012 Indonesian drama film directed by Herwin Novianto. The film won four awards at the Indonesian Film Festival in 2012, including Best Feature Film.
Tørring
Tørring is a town, with a population of 2,930 (1 January 2025), in Hedensted Municipality, Central Denmark Region in Denmark. It is located 27 km west of Horsens, 20 km north of Vejle, 24 km east of Give and 20 km northwest of Hedensted.

Tørring Church was built in 1200. The characteristic octagonal dome of the church tower is from the beginning of the 17th century.

Tørring is located at the Gudenå, about 10 km southeast of its spring, from where canoeing on the river is possible.

The closest airport is Billund Airport.

Hedensted
Hedensted is a Danish town in Region Midtjylland and the seat of Hedensted Municipality. Its population, including its northern neighbouring town Løsning, is 13,458. The municipality as a whole has a population of 48,167 (1 January 2025).
Linear transport theory
In mathematical physics Linear transport theory is the study of equations describing the migration of particles or energy within a host medium when such migration involves random absorption, emission and scattering events.  Subject to certain simplifying assumptions, this is a common and useful framework for describing the scattering of light (radiative transfer) or neutrons (neutron transport).

Given the laws of individual collision events (in the form of absorption coefficients and scattering kernels/phase functions) the problem of linear transport theory is then to determine the result of a large number of random collisions governed by these laws.  This involves computing exact or approximate solutions of the transport equation, and there are various forms of the transport equation that have been studied.  Common varieties include steady-state vs time-dependent, scalar vs vector (the latter including polarization), and monoenergetic vs multi-energy (multi-group).

Radiative transfer
Radiative transfer (also called radiation transport) is the physical phenomenon of energy transfer in the form of electromagnetic radiation. The propagation of radiation through a medium is affected by absorption, emission, and scattering processes. The equation of radiative transfer describes these interactions mathematically. Equations of radiative transfer have application in a wide variety of subjects including optics, astrophysics, atmospheric science, and remote sensing. Analytic solutions to the radiative transfer equation (RTE) exist for simple cases but for more realistic media, with complex multiple scattering effects, numerical methods are required. 
The present article is largely focused on the condition of radiative equilibrium.
Ten Miles
"Ten Miles" is a song by the Danish pop band Infernal. It was released in 2006 as the second single from the international edition of From Paris to Berlin, and as the sixth single overall. The song became a moderate success in the dance music charts in Denmark, Spain and Finland. In Spain it peaked at #26 and in Denmark at #3 in the Danish Dance Chart. In April 2006, "Ten Miles" debuted in the French Airplay Chart at #84.

In September 2007 at Infernal's official UK website, they stated that their fourth UK single would be "Ten Miles" and the music video was released, receiving as of July 2008 over 1 million views on YouTube. It gradually became an unexpected hit for the duo - passing the peak of their previous single "I Won't Be Crying" in Europe, even though there was no physical release for the song.

The song has been certified Platinum in Denmark.

I Won't Be Crying
"I Won't Be Crying" is the Danish dance band Infernal's 3rd single released in the UK. "I Won't Be Crying" peaked #1 at the TV-channel The Voice TV Danmark. The music video was directed by Loic Maes and shot in Paris. This is their most viewed video on YouTube, 3 million views As of October 2010.

The song heavily samples "Strangelove", a 1987 song by the English band Depeche Mode.

The UK release date was set to be 21 May 2007. According to the band's website it would have guaranteed them a UK tour, if this single reached #1. The CD single release was cancelled in the UK, due to an apparent lack of media support. However, it did reach #123 in the singles chart due to digital download sales.
Bill Edmonds
William Frederick Edmonds (23 October 1903 – 24 November 1968) was an Australian politician and trade unionist from Queensland. He served briefly as state president of Australian Workers' Union (AWU) before his election to the House of Representatives at the 1946 federal election. He represented the Australian Labor Party (ALP) in the seat of Herbert until his defeat in 1958.

Australian Workers' Union
The Australian Workers' Union (AWU) is one of Australia's largest and oldest trade unions. It traces its origins to unions founded in the pastoral and mining industries in the late 1880s and it currently has approximately 80,000 members.

According to the moderately conservative publication, the Australian Financial Review, the AWU is one of the most powerful unions in the Labor Right faction of the Australian Labor Party.
Charlie Stemp
Charles Joe Stemp (born 30 November 1993) is an English actor. Stemp came to prominence for his leading role as Arthur Kipps in the West End musical Half a Sixpence, which earned him a WhatsOnStage Award for Best Actor in a Musical and nomination for a 2017 Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical.

2017 Laurence Olivier Awards
The 2017 Laurence Olivier Awards were held on 9 April 2017 at the Royal Albert Hall, London. The ceremony was hosted by comedian Jason Manford. A highlights show was shown on ITV shortly after the live event ended.
Rua Al Madinah
Rua Al Madinah (Arabic: رؤى المدينة) is a real estate development project under construction in Medina, Saudi Arabia. The Rua Al Madinah project was developed by Rua Al Madinah Holding Company, one of the companies founded by the Saudi Public Investment Fund. The project was officially announced by Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman in August 2022. Once complete, the project will allow Medina to host up to 30 million Umrah pilgrims by 2030. The project will cover a total area of 1.5 km2.

As part of Saudi Arabia's Vision 2030 to diversify the Saudi economy away from oil, Rua Al Madinah Holding Co. says that the project will create 93,000 jobs and contribute more than $37.25 billion to Saudi Arabia's national GDP by the year 2030.

The first phase of the project is set to be completed by 2026. By 2030, Rua Al Madinah aims to construct 47,000 hotel rooms.

Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia
The Crown Prince of Saudi Arabia, officially the Crown Prince of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (Arabic: ولي عهد المملكة العربية السعودية, romanized: Waliyy ʿAhd al-Mamlaka al-ʿArabiyya as-Suʿūdiyya) is the second-most important position in Saudi Arabia, second to the King, and is his designated successor. Currently, the Crown Prince assumes power with the approval of the Allegiance Council after he is nominated by the King. This system was introduced to the country during the reign of King Abdullah. In the absence of the King, an order is issued to have the Crown Prince manage the affairs of the state until the King's return.
Samson Mwita Marwa
Samson Mwita Marwa (1932–2022), also known as Mwita Nyagakende, was a Kenyan teacher and politician who served in the National Assembly of Kenya from 1969 until 1974 as a member of the Kenya African National Union.

National Assembly (Kenya)
The National Assembly of the Republic of Kenya (formerly House of Representatives) is one of the two Houses of the Parliament of Kenya. Between 1966 and 2013, it served as a unicameral house. In 2013 (11th Parliament), it became the lower house when the Senate was reestablished.

It has a total of 349 seats: 290 elected from the constituencies, 47 women elected from the counties and 12 nominated representatives. The Speaker of the National Assembly of Kenya serves as an ex officio member.

The High Court of Kenya ordered lawmakers to introduce gender quotas, or face dissolution in the mid-2010s, following the implementation of the 2010 Constitution.
Rimmon
Rimmon or Rimon (Hebrew: רִמּוֹן, romanized: Rīmmōn) is a  Hebrew word meaning 'pomegranate'. It appears as a name in the Hebrew Bible where,  when translated to Greek, it takes the form Remmon Ρεμμων, Remmōn).

Rimmon ("pomegranate" in Hebrew) was a Syrian deity mentioned in the Second Book of Kings (2 Kings 5:18), to whom a temple was dedicated. In Syria, this storm god was also known as Hadad (interpreted to mean "the breast" in Biblical Hebrew) or Baal ("the Lord"), and in Assyria as Ramanu ("the thunderer", when borrowed from  Akkadian - cf. Akkadian ramanu, "to roar").

Thunder
Thunder is the sound caused by lightning. Depending upon the distance from and nature of the lightning, it can range from a long, low rumble to a sudden, loud crack. The sudden increase in temperature and hence pressure caused by the lightning produces rapid expansion of the air in the path of a lightning bolt. In turn, this expansion of air creates a sonic shock wave, often referred to as a "thunderclap" or "peal of thunder". The scientific study of thunder is known as brontology and the irrational fear (phobia) of thunder is called brontophobia.