hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Doug Allen (meteorologist)
Doug Allen is a retired American TV meteorologist. He work for s 28 years at WGAL in Lancaster, Pennsylvania as a co-host of "PM Magazine" with Kim Lemon, and then as a meteorologist of WGAL's News 8 Storm Team along with his "Backyard Weather" segments until his retirement in 2013.

Lancaster, Pennsylvania
Lancaster is a city in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, United States, and its county seat. With a population of 58,039 at the 2020 census, it is the eighth-most populous city in the state. It is a core city within South Central Pennsylvania, with 552,984 residents in the Lancaster metropolitan area.

Settled in the 1720s, Lancaster is one of the oldest inland cities in the US. It served as the capital of Pennsylvania from 1799 to 1812. The city's primary industries include healthcare, tourism, public administration, manufacturing, and both professional and semi-professional services. Lancaster is located 59 miles (95 km) southwest of Allentown and 61 miles (98 km) west of Philadelphia and is a hub of Pennsylvania Dutch Country.
A Mother's Son
A Mother's Son is a British crime drama television mini-series, created by Chris Lang, which was first broadcast on ITV on 3 and 4 September 2012. The series was produced by the ITV Studios. Hermione Norris, Martin Clunes, Paul McGann, Nicola Walker and Alexander Arnold star as the main protagonists of the series.

In 2015, A Mother's Son was adapted by Didier Le Pêcheur for French television in a co-production between EuropaCorp Television and ITV Studios France under the title Tu es mon fils. The French version, starring Anne Marivin, Thomas Jouannet and Charles Berling, first aired on TF1 on 23 February 2015, garnering 6.5 million viewers.

Martin Clunes
Alexander Martin Clunes (born 28 November 1961) is an English actor, director, and television presenter. He is best known for portraying Martin Ellingham in the ITV comedy-drama series Doc Martin, Gary Strang in the BBC sitcom Men Behaving Badly, and William Shawcross in William and Mary. Clunes has narrated a number of documentaries for ITV, the first of which was Islands of Britain in 2009. He has since presented a number of documentaries centred on animals. He has also voiced Kipper the Dog in the preschool animated series Kipper.

Clunes was appointed an Officer of the Order of the British Empire (OBE) in the 2015 Birthday Honours for services to drama, charity, and the community in Dorset.
Aron Lynas
Aron Lynas (born 19 April 1996) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a defender for Scottish League Two side Forfar Athletic. He has also played for Cowdenbeath, Alloa Athletic, East Stirlingshire, Brechin City, Albion Rovers and Dumbarton.

Albion Rovers F.C.
Albion Rovers Football Club is a semi-professional football team from Coatbridge, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. They play in the Lowland League, the fifth tier of the Scottish football league system.

Founded in October 1882, the club joined the Scottish Football League in 1903 and, other than four seasons during the First World War when the second tier was abolished, maintained their league membership until they were relegated in the 2022–23 season. During this time, they won three lower division league titles – in 1933–34, 1988–89 and 2014–15; and been promoted on three other occasions – 1937–38, 1947–48 and 2010–11.
Darcy Paquet
Darcy Paquet (born 1972) is an American film critic, university lecturer, author and actor. In 2010, Paquet was awarded the Korea Film Reporters Association Award at the 15th Busan International Film Festival for his contributions in introducing Korean cinema to the world. Paquet was also the founder and organiser of Wildflower Film Awards Korea, which presents the Wildflower Film Awards.

15th Busan International Film Festival
The 15th Busan International Film Festival was held from October 7 to October 15, 2010, at the Busan Stadium Yachting Center Outdoor Stage, hosted by actors Jung Joon-ho and Han Ji-hye.

A total of 308 films from 67 countries were screened in 6 theaters, with a record 103 world premieres and 52 international premieres. The festival had a total attendance of 182,046.

During the event, festival director Kim Dong-ho announced the construction of the Busan Cinema Center, which will be the main venue of the festival in the future. Kim also announced his own retirement, having served as director since the festival was founded in 1996.
Plovers Lake
Plovers Lake Cave is a fossil-bearing breccia-filled cavity in South Africa. The cave is located about 4 km southeast of the well-known South African hominid-bearing sites of Sterkfontein and Kromdraai and about 36 km northwest of Johannesburg. Plovers Lake has been declared a South African National Heritage Site.

Sterkfontein
Sterkfontein (Afrikaans for Strong Spring) is a set of limestone caves of special interest in paleoanthropology located in Gauteng province, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northwest of Johannesburg, South Africa, in the Muldersdrift area close to the town of Krugersdorp. The archaeological sites of Swartkrans and Kromdraai are in the same area. Sterkfontein is a South African National Heritage Site and was also declared a World Heritage Site in 2000. The area in which it is situated is known as the Cradle of Humankind. The Sterkfontein Caves are also home to numerous wild African species including Belonogaster petiolata, a wasp species of which there is a large nesting presence.

Numerous early hominin remains have been found at the site over the last few decades. These have been attributed to Australopithecus, early Homo and Paranthropus.

In 2024 the cave was closed to visitors by its owner due to flooding. The caves reopened to the public on 15 April 2025.
Seven Corners, Virginia
Seven Corners is a commercial center and census-designated place (CDP) in Fairfax County, Virginia, United States. The population was 9,255 at the 2010 census.  Seven Corners has a "Falls Church" mailing address but is not within Falls Church's city limits.  The area got its name from the intersection of State Route 7 (Leesburg Pike and East Broad Street), U.S. Route 50 (Arlington Boulevard),  State Route 613 (Sleepy Hollow Road), State Route 338 (Hillwood Avenue) and Wilson Boulevard (also part of State Route 613).  The junction of these four roads once created seven corners.

U.S. Route 50 in Virginia
U.S. Route 50 (US 50) is a transcontinental highway which stretches from Ocean City, Maryland to West Sacramento, California. In the U.S. state of Virginia, US 50 extends 86 miles (138 km) from the border with Washington, D.C. at a Potomac River crossing at Rosslyn in Arlington County to the West Virginia state line near Gore in Frederick County.
Valeria Vespoli
Valeria Alejandra Vespoli Figuera (born November 25, 1994) is a Venezuelan model, social communicator and beauty pageant titleholder who was titled Miss Supranational Venezuela 2016. Vespoli also represented the Monagas state in Miss Venezuela 2015 where she ended up as one of the semifinalists. Vespoli represented Venezuela in Miss Supranational 2016, obtaining the position of 1st Runner-Up.

Monagas
Monagas State (Spanish: Estado Monagas, IPA: [esˈtaðo moˈnaɣas]) is one of the 23 states of Venezuela.

Monagas State covers a total surface area of 28,900 km2 (11,200 sq mi) and, as of the 2011 census, had a population of 905,443.

Monagas State is surrounded by Sucre State in the north, Anzoátegui State in the west and south, Bolívar State in the south, Delta Amacuro State in the south and east and the Paria Gulf in the northeast.

The state is named after the general and president of Venezuela José Tadeo Monagas, native from this state, and his brother and fellow president José Gregorio Monagas, native from the neighbor Anzoátegui State.

The capital of the state is Maturín.
USNS Victoria
USNS Victoria (T-AK-281) was a Norwalk-class fleet ballistic missile cargo ship, which was launched as a World War II commercial Victory cargo ship SS Ethiopia Victory under the Emergency Shipbuilding program. The Ethiopia Victory was acquired by the U.S. Navy in 1963.

USNS Norwalk
USNS Norwalk (T-AK-279) was the first in her class, a Fleet Ballistic Missile Cargo Ship, which was launched as a World War II commercial Victory cargo ship SS Norwalk Victory under the Emergency Shipbuilding program. The Norwalk Victory was acquired by the U.S. Navy in 1963.
Alexander Evreinov
Alexander Nikolaevich Evreinov (8 March 1877 – 20 August 1959) was a Russian bishop, who converted to Russian Greek Catholic Church from Russian Orthodoxy. Being a citizen with a noble origin in Saint Petersburg, Evreinov was a member of the Foreign Affairs department of the Russian nation before his conversion to the Catholic faith and ordination to the priesthood. Despite being consecrated as a bishop in 1936, Evreinov did not have any jurisdiction among Russian Catholics, either in the Soviet Union or in the Russian diaspora. Evreinov was a member of the Russian Apostolate.

Russian diaspora
The Russian diaspora is the global community of ethnic Russians. The Russian-speaking (Russophone) diaspora are the people for whom Russian language is the native language, regardless of whether they are ethnic Russians or not.
Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat
Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ pjɛʁ abɛl ʁemyza]; 5 September 1788 – 2 June 1832) was a French sinologist best known as the first Chair of Sinology at the Collège de France. Rémusat studied medicine as a young man, but his discovery of a Chinese herbal treatise enamored him with the Chinese language, and he spent five years teaching himself to read it. After publishing several well-received articles on Chinese topics, a chair in Chinese was created at the Collège de France in 1814 and Rémusat was placed in it.

Wilhelm von Humboldt
Friedrich Wilhelm Christian Karl Ferdinand von Humboldt (22 June 1767 – 8 April 1835) was a Prussian philosopher, linguist, government functionary, diplomat, and founder of the Humboldt University of Berlin. In 1949, the university was named after him and his younger brother, Alexander von Humboldt, a naturalist.

He was a linguist who made contributions to the philosophy of language, ethnolinguistics, and to the theory and practice of education. He made a major contribution to the development of liberalism by envisioning education as a means of realizing individual possibility rather than a way of drilling traditional ideas into youth to suit them for an already established occupation or social role. In particular, he was the architect of the Humboldtian education ideal, which was used from the beginning in Prussia as a model for its system of public education, as well as in the United States and Japan. He was elected as a member of the American Philosophical Society in 1822.
SS West Humhaw
SS West Humhaw was a steel–hulled cargo ship built in 1918 as part of the United States Shipping Board's emergency World War I shipbuilding program.

The ship was delivered just weeks before the end of the war and immediately commissioned into the U.S. Navy as USS West Humhaw (ID-3718), but completed only one relief mission on the Navy's behalf before decommissioning in January 1919. West Humhaw subsequently operated as a merchant ship, firstly in transatlantic service and later on the trade routes between the U.S. and Africa.

With the outbreak of World War II, West Humhaw participated in a small number of Allied convoys before being sunk by U-161 off Takoradi, Ghana on 8 November 1942.

Transatlantic crossing
Transatlantic crossings are passages of passengers and cargo across the Atlantic Ocean between Europe or Africa and the Americas. The majority of passenger traffic is across the North Atlantic between Western Europe and North America.  Centuries after the dwindling of sporadic Viking trade with Markland, a regular and lasting transatlantic trade route was established in 1566 with the Spanish West Indies fleets, following the voyages of Christopher Columbus.
Pride of the West
Pride of the West is a 1938 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and written by Nate Watt. The film stars William Boyd, George "Gabby" Hayes, Russell Hayden, Earle Hodgins, Charlotte Field and Billy King. The film was released on July 8, 1938, by Paramount Pictures. Pride of the West was the 17th installment in the Hopalong Cassidy series.

William Boyd (actor)
William Lawrence Boyd (June 5, 1895 – September 12, 1972) was an American actor and film producer, known for portraying the cowboy hero Hopalong Cassidy in dozens of Western films released during the 1930s and '40s.
Ivan Chernyakhovsky
Ivan Danilovich Chernyakhovsky (Russian: Иван Данилович Черняховский; Ukrainian: Іван Данилович Черняховський; 29 June [O.S. 16 June] 1907 – 18 February 1945) was the youngest-ever Soviet General of the army. For his leadership during World War II he was awarded the title Hero of the Soviet Union twice. He died from wounds received outside Königsberg at age 37 while in command of the 3rd Belorussian Front.

Army general
Army general or General of the army is the highest ranked general officer in many countries that use the French Revolutionary System. Army general is normally the highest rank used in peacetime.

In countries that adopt the general officer four-rank system, it is the rank of a general commanding a field army. However, in some countries such as Brazil, Ecuador and Peru, which have adopted the three-rank system, the rank of army general is immediately above that of divisional general. As such, it is the rank of commander of an army corps or larger formations. The equivalent position in the Commonwealth, U.S., and several other countries is simply general, four-star rank, or informally "full general".
Twistor correspondence
In mathematical physics, the twistor correspondence (also known as Penrose–Ward correspondence) is a bijection between instantons on complexified Minkowski space and holomorphic vector bundles on twistor space, which as a complex manifold is , or complex projective 3-space. Twistor space was introduced by Roger Penrose, while Richard Ward formulated the correspondence between instantons and vector bundles on twistor space.

Twistor space
In mathematics and theoretical physics (especially twistor theory), twistor space is the complex vector space of solutions of the twistor equation . It was described in the 1960s by Roger Penrose and Malcolm MacCallum. According to Andrew Hodges, twistor space is useful for conceptualizing the way photons travel through space, using four complex numbers. He also posits that twistor space may aid in understanding the asymmetry of the weak nuclear force.
T. K. Shanmugam
Thiruvananthapuram Kannuswamy Shanmugam (1912–1973; also known as "Avvai" T. K. Shanmugam) was a Tamil theatre and film artist. He acquired the prefix "Avvai" after portraying saint-poet Avvaiyar in a play.

Avvaiyar (Sangam poet)
Avvaiyar (Tamil: ஔவையார்) was a Tamil poet  who lived during the Sangam period and is said to have had cordial relations with the Tamil chieftains Vēl Pāri and Athiyamān. She wrote 59 poems in the Puṟanāṉūṟu. A plaque on a statue of the poet in Chennai suggests the first century BCE for her birthdate. The name Avvaiyar means a 'respectable good woman', hence a generic title; her personal name is not known.
Rana Aftab Ahmad Khan
Rana Aftab Ahmad Khan is a Pakistani politician who has served multiple terms in the Provincial Assembly of Punjab.

He began his political journey with the Pakistan Peoples Party (PPP) in 1988, winning three non-consecutive terms as a member of the provincial assembly of Punjab between 1988 and 2002. During his tenure with the PPP, he served as the Provincial Minister for Planning and Development in the provincial cabinet of Punjab Chief Minister Manzoor Wattoo from 1994 to 1995. During his time with PPP, he held key positions in the party such as Punjab President and Punjab General Secretary.

In 2017, he parted ways with the PPP and joined the Pakistan Tehreek-e-Insaf (PTI). He was re-elected to the Punjab Assembly in 2024 and was nominated as PTI's candidate for the Chief Minister of Punjab.

Chief Minister of Punjab (Pakistan)
The chief minister of Punjab (Punjabi/Urdu: وزیرِ اعلیٰ پنجاب, romanized: Wazīr-ē-Aʿlā Panjāb) is the head of government of the Pakistani province of Punjab. Elected by the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, the chief minister leads the executive branch of the government of Punjab along with their appointed cabinet, with the governor of Punjab serving as the nominal head of executive and province. The chief minister is elected by a majority in the Punjab Assembly, where they serve as leader of the House. The office is held by virtue of the officeholder's ability to command the confidence of the Assembly, with no term limits. Maryam Nawaz Sharif is the 19th and current chief minister of Punjab.

The office of Chief Minister is located in Lahore, the capital of the Punjab province and is known as the CM Secretariat.
Topuzlu Dam
Topuzlu Dam (Turkish: Topuzlu Bent) is a historic dam located in Sarıyer district of Istanbul Province in Turkey.

Topuzlu Dam was built in 1750 by Ottoman Sultan Mahmud I (reigned 1730–1754). In 1786, its crest was raised about 3.40 m (11.2 ft) higher by Abdul Hamid I (reigned 1774–1789). The dam is named "Topuzlu" meaning "bulged" due to a bulge-formed central part of the upstream wall side.

The dam is situated just north of Bahçeköy, Sarıyer inside the Bentler Nature Park, which is part of the Belgrad Forest.

Topuzlu Dam impounds Eskibağlar Creek and has a catchment area of 0.92 km2 (0.36 sq mi). It is a solid gravity dam constructed in masonry. The dam is 14.00 m (45.93 ft) high from the thalweg and 80.65 m (264.6 ft) long at crest. The crest is 4.30 m (14.1 ft) and the base is 7.00 m (22.97 ft) wide. The dam has a reservoir capacity of 160,000 m3 (5,700,000 cu ft).

Belgrad Forest
Belgrad Forest (Turkish: Belgrad Ormanı) is a mixed deciduous forest lying adjacent to Istanbul, Turkey. It is named after the village next to the forest, settled by thousands of Serbs who were deported to the capital Constantinople from the city of Belgrade in 1521, when it fell to the Ottomans. Geographically, the forest is located at the easternmost point of the Thracian Peninsula. Forest terrain is divided between Sarıyer and Eyüp districts. Several historical reservoirs lie within the forest.
Muslim presence in medieval France
The Muslim presence in medieval France corresponds to the Saracen presence for several periods between 719 and 973 in the province of Septimania and then in Provence until 1197, of Muslim populations, mainly Arabs, Berbers, and also Europeans who converted to Islam (Muwallads).

A first phase of presence, following the Umayyad conquest of Hispania, is recorded between 719 and 759 in the province of Septimania with Narbonne as its capital.

A second phase of presence lasted nearly 80 years, between 890 and 973, during which Muslims had established several fortified camps in the vicinity of Saint-Tropez in the middle of the Massif des Maures, with Fraxinetum as its chief town, which Arab written sources call Gabal al qilâl ("the mountain of the summits"), and farahsinêt (the phonetic transcription of Fraxinetum), i.e., the present-day hinterland of the Gulf of Saint-Tropez.

Narbonne
Narbonne (/nɑːrˈbɒn/ nar-BON, US also /-ˈbɔːn, -ˈbʌn/ -⁠BAWN, -⁠BUN, French: [naʁbɔn] ⓘ; Occitan: Narbona [naɾˈβunɔ]; Latin: Narbo [ˈna(ː)rboː]; Late Latin: Narbona) is a commune and subprefecture in Southern France, located in the Occitanie region. It is located about 15 km (9 mi) from the shores of the Mediterranean Sea and was historically a prosperous port city. Narbonne lies 849 km (528 mi) from Paris in the Aude department, of which it is an arrondissement. From the 14th century onwards, it declined following a change in the course of the river Aude. While it is the largest commune in Aude, the capital of the Aude department is the smaller commune of Carcassonne.
Aiguille de Scolette
Aiguille de Scolette (in French) or Pierre Menue (in Italian) is a mountain of Savoie, France, and of the province of Turin, Italy. It lies in the Cottian Alps and has an elevation of 3,506 metres (11,503 ft) above sea level.

Cottian Alps
The Cottian Alps (/ˈkɒtiən ˈælps/; French: Alpes Cottiennes [alp kɔtjɛn]; Italian: Alpi Cozie [ˈalpi ˈkɔttsje]) are a mountain range in the southwestern part of the Alps. They form the border between France (Hautes-Alpes and Savoie) and Italy (Piedmont). The Fréjus Road Tunnel and Fréjus Rail Tunnel between Modane and Susa are important transportation arteries between France (Lyon, Grenoble) and Italy (Turin).
Myosotis pottsiana
Myosotis pottsiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Boraginaceae, endemic to the North Island of New Zealand. Lucy Moore described Myosotis petiolata var. pottsiana in 1961. Plants of this species of forget-me-not are perennial rosettes with ebracteate inflorescences and white corollas with exserted stamens.

Boraginaceae
Boraginaceae, the borage or forget-me-not family, has two significantly different circumscriptions as of December 2025. In the narrower circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu stricto is one of 11 families placed in the order Boraginales and includes about 90–120 genera. This approach was developed by the Boraginales Working Group. In the older, broader circumscription, Boraginaceae sensu lato is the only family in the order Boraginales, and includes about 155 genera.
Lástima Que Sean Ajenas
Lástima Que Sean Ajenas (It's a Shame They're Not Mine) is the twenty-fifth studio album by Mexican-American singer-songwriter Pepe Aguilar by Equinoccio Records and distributed by Sony Music. It is a tribute album that consists of twelve cover versions of songs recorded by Mexican singer Vicente Fernández.

Lástima Que Sean Ajenas reached number four on the Billboard Top Latin Albums chart and number one on the Billboard Regional Mexican Albums chart in the United States. It was certified gold in Mexico. The album earned a Latin Grammy Award for Best Ranchero Album at the 15th Annual Latin Grammy Awards in 2014 and a Grammy nomination for Best Regional Mexican Music Album at the 57th Annual Grammy Awards in 2015.

Billboard regional Mexican charts
The Billboard regional Mexican charts began in 1985 when an album chart were introduced as Regional Mexican Albums in the June 29 issue of the magazine.  In October 1994, Billboard then established Regional Mexican Airplay, which ranks the most-played songs played on regional Mexican radio stations. As the music and radio industries, as well as the technology to monitor and measure sales and airplay, have evolved, Billboard currently publishes three different regional Mexican charts. On April 8, 2025, Billboard debuted the Hot Regional Mexican Songs chart, which ranks the best-performing regional Mexican songs across streaming, digital, and airplay from all radio stations in the United States.

Regional Mexican, according to Billboard, generally refers to music with "roots in traditional Mexican and Mexican American sounds" such mariachi, norteño, banda, and Tejano.