hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1894 Sydney-King colonial by-election
A by-election for the seat of Sydney-King in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was held on 11 August 1894 because George Reid (Free Trade) had been appointed Premier and Colonial Treasurer, forming the Reid ministry. Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested and four ministers were re-elected unopposed, James Brunker (East Maitland), Joseph Carruthers (St George), Jacob Garrard (Sherbrooke) and James Young (The Manning). A poll was required in Bathurst (Sydney Smith), Hartley (Joseph Cook), Singleton (Albert Gould) and Sydney-King however all were comfortably re-elected.

1894 Singleton colonial by-election
A by-election for the seat of Singleton in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly was held on 14 August 1894 because Albert Gould (Free Trade) had been appointed Minister for Justice in the Reid ministry. Such ministerial by-elections were usually uncontested and four ministers were re-elected unopposed, James Brunker (East Maitland), Joseph Carruthers (St George), Jacob Garrard (Sherbrooke) and James Young (The Manning). A poll was required in Bathurst (Sydney Smith), Hartley (Joseph Cook), Singleton and Sydney-King (George Reid) however all were comfortably re-elected.
Zhang Gong (politician)
Zhang Gong (Chinese: 张工; born August 1961) is a Chinese politician who is the current mayor of Tianjin, in office since 31 May 2022. Previously he served as director of the State Administration for Market Regulation.

He was a delegate to the 11th and is a delegate to the 13th National People's Congress. He was an alternate of the 19th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

State Administration for Market Regulation
The State Administration for Market Regulation (SAMR; 国家市场监督管理总局; Guójiā Shìchǎng Jiāndū Guǎnlǐ Zǒngjú) is a ministerial-level non-cabinet agency directly under the State Council of the People's Republic of China and is responsible for market supervision and management. The SAMR was established in 2018 and it is China's primary antitrust regulator.
Fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics – Men's foil
The men's foil was one of eight fencing events on the fencing at the 1976 Summer Olympics programme. It was the seventeenth appearance of the event. The competition was held from 20 to 21 July 1976. A total of 56 fencers from 23 nations competed. Nations had been limited to three fencers each since 1928. The event was won by Fabio Dal Zotto of Italy, the nation's first victory in the men's foil since 1936 and fifth overall (second all-time behind France's seven). Italy had not reached the podium in the event since 1956. Aleksandr Romankov's silver was the Soviet Union's first medal in the event since 1960. In contrast, France won its fourth consecutive bronze medal with Bernard Talvard's third-place finish.

Alexandr Romankov
Alexandr Anatolyevich Romankov (Belarusian: Аляксандр Анатольевіч Раманькоў, romanized: Alyaksandr Anatolyevich Ramankow; Russian: Александр Анатольевич Романьков, romanized: Aleksandr Anatolyevich Romankov) is a former Belarusian fencer from the former Soviet Union, who was born on 7 November 1953 in the town of Korsakov on the island of Sakhalin (just north of Japan). He trained at Dynamo in Minsk and won a gold medal, two silver medals and two bronze medals at the three Olympic Games that he competed in between 1976 and 1988 ) .
Operations in Valtellina (1866)
The Operations in Valtellina was a battle of the Third Italian War of Independence and consisted in the penetration of Austrian units of the 8th Division of General Franz Kuhn von Kuhnenfeld operating in Trentino against the Italian Volunteer Corps of Giuseppe Garibaldi and in the subsequent Italian counterattack of the Mobile National Guard commanded by Colonel Enrico Guicciardi.

Franz Kuhn von Kuhnenfeld
Franz Kuhn von Kuhnenfeld (15 July 1817 – 25 May 1896) was an Austro-Hungarian military officer who fought against Giuseppe Garibaldi in the wars of Italian independence and served as Imperial and Royal Minister of War from 1868 to 1874. During his term, a unified system of conscription for both Cisleithania (Austria proper) and Transleithania (Hungary and Croatia) was introduced, corporal punishment in military service was abolished, and the Franz-Josephinian Land Survey was initiated. He was a supporter of the Austro-Hungarian polar expedition and an opponent of the Austria-Hungary's 1879 alliance with the German Empire.
Francesco Masciarelli
Francesco Masciarelli (born 5 May 1986 in Pescara) is an Italian professional road bicycle racer, who last rode for the Astana team. He is the son of former racing cyclist Palmiro Masciarelli and brother of fellow racing cyclists Simone Masciarelli and Andrea Masciarelli.

Palmiro Masciarelli
Palmiro Masciarelli (born 7 January 1953) is an Italian former professional racing cyclist. He rode in one edition of the Tour de France, nine editions of the Giro d'Italia and one edition of the Vuelta a España, winning two stages of the Giro, and one of the Vuelta.
SMS Comet (1860)
SMS Comet was a Camäleon-class steam gunboat of the Prussian Navy (later the Imperial German Navy) that was launched in 1860. The ship was ordered as part of a program to strengthen Prussia's coastal defense forces, then oriented against neighboring Denmark. A small vessel, armed with a battery of only three light guns, Comet served during the Second Schleswig War of 1864 and the Franco-Prussian War of 1870–1871, part of the conflicts that unified Germany. The ship was present at, but was only lightly engaged in the Battle of Jasmund during the Second Schleswig War. She served in a variety of roles during peacetime, including fishery protection and survey work. Comet went on one lengthy deployment abroad, with an assignment to the Mediterranean Sea from 1876 to 1879. She saw little active service after returning to Germany and was decommissioned and hulked in 1881. The vessel remained in the navy's inventory until at least 1891, being broken up sometime thereafter.

Prussian Navy
The Prussian Navy (German: Preußische Marine), officially the Royal Prussian Navy (German: Königlich Preußische Marine), was the naval force of the Kingdom of Prussia from 1701 to 1867.

The Prussian Navy was created in 1701 from the former Brandenburg Navy after the elevation of Frederick I from Duke of Prussia to King in Prussia. The Prussian Navy fought in several wars but was active mainly as a merchant navy throughout the 18th and 19th centuries, as Prussia's military consistently concentrated on the Prussian Army. The Prussian Navy was dissolved in 1867 when Prussia joined the North German Confederation, and its naval forces were absorbed into the North German Federal Navy.
1999 Botswana general election
General elections were held in Botswana on 16 October 1999, alongside local elections. The result was an eighth straight victory for the ruling Botswana Democratic Party (BDP), which increased its majority to 33 of the 40 elected seats in the National Assembly.

1999 Botswana local elections
Local elections in Botswana were held on 16 October 1999 for the district councils of the Districts of Botswana. Local government is administered by nine district and five town councils. District commissioners have executive authority.
Ezekiel Ricker
Ezekiel Ricker III (December 3, 1819 – August 10, 1854) was an American lawyer, politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Manitowoc County during the 1852 and 1853 terms.  He also served as county judge from 1850 to 1853.  He was one of the first lawyers to reside in Manitowoc County, but died at age 34, a victim of the 1846–1860 cholera pandemic.

5th Wisconsin Legislature
The Fifth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 14, 1852, to April 19, 1852, in regular session. Senators representing even-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term.  Assemblymembers were elected to a one-year term.  Assemblymembers and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 4, 1851.  Senators representing odd-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 5, 1850.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Whig Leonard J. Farwell, of Dane County, serving the first year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1851 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.  He was Wisconsin's only Whig governor.
Inborn errors of carbohydrate metabolism
Inborn errors of metabolism can affect the catabolism and anabolism of carbohydrates, such as in lactose intolerance. Carbohydrates account for a major portion of the human diet. These carbohydrates are composed of three principal monosaccharides: glucose, fructose and galactose; in addition, glycogen is the storage form of carbohydrates in humans. The failure to effectively use these molecules accounts for the majority of the inborn errors of human carbohydrates metabolism.

Fructose
Fructose (/ˈfrʌktoʊs, -oʊz/), or fruit sugar, is a common monosaccharide, i.e. a simple sugar. It is classified as a reducing hexose, more specifically a ketonic simple sugar found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose. A white, water-soluble solid, it is one of the three dietary monosaccharides, along with glucose and galactose.
Fructose is found in honey, tree and vine fruits, flowers, berries, and most root vegetables.
Birdcage Inn
Birdcage Inn (Korean: 파란 대문; RR: Paran daemun; lit. 'Blue Gate') is South Korean director Kim Ki-duk's third film, released in 1998. The drama stars Lee Ji-eun, Lee Hae-eun and Ahn Jae-mo. It was released domestically in October 1998, and screened at the Berlin International Film Festival in February 1999.

Ahn Jae-mo
Ahn Jae-mo (born September 20, 1979) is a South Korean actor and singer. Ahn is best known for playing gangster-turned-politician Kim Du-han in Rustic Period (2002). He has appeared in other period dramas such as Tears of the Dragon (1996), The King and the Queen (1998), The King and I (2007), The King of Legend (2010), and Jeong Do-jeon (2014). Ahn also became a car racing driver in 2004.
Mohammad Hanif (politician)
Mohammad Hanif (died 28 November 2006) was a Bangladeshi politician who served as the mayor of the Dhaka from 1994 to 2002. He also served as the president of the Awami League Dhaka Metropolitan Unit and the Bangladesh Football Federation.

Bangladesh Football Federation
The Bangladesh Football Federation (Bengali: বাংলাদেশ ফুটবল ফেডারেশন, Bānglādesh fūṭbôl fēḍārēshôn) is the governing body for association football in Bangladesh. Established in 1972 following the country's independence, the federation is responsible for managing the men's national team and women's national teams, as well as the management of domestic professional and amateur competitions, including the Bangladesh Football League.

The BFF became a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) in 1973, and three years later, they became a member of the FIFA in 1976. BFF is also a founding member of the South Asian Football Federation (SAFF). Headquartered at the BFF Bhaban in Motijheel, Dhaka, the federation governs all aspects of the sport, from grassroots development to international representation, and is currently led by President Tabith Awal.
Sabaa Al Bour
Saab Al Bour or Sabaa Al Bour is a small urban city located approximately 18 miles (29 km) northwest of the city of Baghdad, and is located in Taji District of the Baghdad Governorate. In 2003, the population of Saab Al Bour was approximately 120,000. Current population estimates for Saab Al Bour are as high as 254,000.

Baghdad Governorate
Baghdad Governorate (Arabic: محافظة بغداد Muḥāfaẓat Baġdād), also known as the Baghdad Province, is the capital governorate of Iraq. It includes the capital Baghdad as well as the surrounding metropolitan area. The governorate is one of two small provinces of all 18 in Iraq into which the country divides entirely, yet by a margin of almost three-to-one, the most populous.
Thomson Point
Thomson Point is a point on the east side of Pirie Peninsula, 1.7 nautical miles (3.1 km) southeast of Cape Mabel, on the north coast of Laurie Island in the South Orkney Islands.

Charted in 1903 by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition under William Speirs Bruce, who named it for J.A. (later Sir Arthur) Thomson, regius professor of natural history, University of Aberdeen, Scotland.

This article incorporates public domain material from "Thomson Point". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.

Cape Mabel
Cape Mabel is a headland forming the northern tip of Pirie Peninsula on the north coast of Laurie Island, in the South Orkney Islands, Antarctica.

It was probably first seen by the British sealing expedition under James Weddell, who examined the north coast of Laurie Island in 1823. The cape was charted in 1903 by the Scottish National Antarctic Expedition under William Speirs Bruce, who named it for the wife of J.H. Harvey Pirie, the surgeon-geologist to the expedition.
1989 in video games
1989 saw many sequels and prequels in video games, such as Phantasy Star II, Super Mario Land, Super Monaco GP, along with new titles such as Big Run, Bonk's Adventure, Final Fight, Golden Axe, Strider, Hard Drivin' and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. The year also saw the release of the Sega Genesis, TurboGrafx-16 and Atari Lynx in North America, plus the Game Boy worldwide along with Tetris and Super Mario Land.

The year's highest-grossing arcade games in Japan were Namco's  Final Lap and Sega's Tetris, while the highest-grossing arcade video games in the United States were Double Dragon, Super Off Road and Hard Drivin' among dedicated arcade cabinets and Capcom Bowling and Ninja Gaiden among arcade conversion kits. The year's best‑selling home system was the Nintendo Entertainment System (Famicom) for the sixth year in a row, while the year's best-selling home video games were Super Mario Bros. 3 in Japan and RoboCop in the United Kingdom.

RoboCop (1988 video game)
RoboCop is a 1988 video game developed and published by Data East for arcades and Ocean Software for home computers, based on the 1987 film of the same name. It was sub-licensed to Data East by Ocean Software, who obtained the game rights from Orion Pictures during the film's script stage. Data East and Ocean Software worked in conjunction with each other to release games for the arcade and home computers respectively for a joint release, with the home computer versions translating the sections that Data East had shown Ocean from an early unfinished build of the game which Ocean then had to expand upon.

The game was a critical and commercial success. The arcade game was the highest-grossing arcade game of 1988 in Hong Kong, and reached number two on Japan's monthly Game Machine arcade charts. On home computers, the game sold over 1 million copies worldwide, and was especially successful in the United Kingdom, where it was the best-selling home computer game of the 1980s.
John Kirkpatrick (politician)
John Kirkpatrick (1840 – 8 December 1904) was a Scottish-born Australian politician.

Kirkpatrick emigrated to New Zealand as a young man.  He engaged in various occupations, including as a miner on the West Coast goldfields and later as a cotton-grower in Fiji.  He arrived in Australia in 1871, spending time on the Gulgong goldfields and as a storekeeper at Coonabarabran, before settling at Gunnedah.  From June 1891 to July 1895, Kirkpatrick represented the electorate of Gunnedah in the New South Wales Legislative Assembly, elected as a Labour Electoral League candidate (in the initial group of Labor Party members).  He contested the 1898 general election as a Free Trade candidate but failed to win the seat.

Free Trade Party
The Free Trade Party (FTP), officially known as the Free Trade and Liberal Association and also referred to as the Revenue Tariff Party in some states, was an Australian political party. It was formally organised in 1887 in New South Wales, in time for the 1887 New South Wales colonial election, which the party won.

The party advocated the abolition of protectionism, especially protective tariffs and other restrictions on trade, arguing that this would create greater prosperity for all. However, many members also advocated use of minimal tariffs for government revenue purposes only. Its most prominent leader was George Reid, who led the Reid government as the fourth Prime Minister of Australia (1904–1905).

In New South Wales, it was succeeded by the Liberal and Reform Association in 1902, and federally by the Anti-Socialist Party in 1906. In 1909, the Anti-Socialist Party merged with the Protectionist Party to form the Liberal Party.
Sartori of Vicenza
Sartori is an ancient noble family of Italy. It was founded in 1295 in Vicenza, where they were feudatories attached to the episcopal vassalage. Before 1500, they were admitted to the civic patriciate. The family made their fortune mainly in the logging and timber trade, accumulating a huge financial and land holdings. From the 16th century on, they established their main headquarters in Bassano del Grappa, and launched other branches to other cities in Veneto, Trentino, Austria, and Brazil. The family is very prolific and branched, producing several outstanding members. The different branches of the family held many titles: they were feudal lords in Roana, Foza, Castegnero and Meledo Alto; nobles in Vicenza, Roana, Bassano del Grappa, Belluno and Primiero; patricians in Vicenza, Roana, Asiago, Lusiana, Foza, Asolo, Valstagna, Longarone and Bassano del Grappa. The surname can be spelled as Sartore, Sartor, or Sartorio.

Asolo
Asolo (Italian: [ˈaːzolo]; Venetian: Àxol) is a town and comune (municipality) in the Veneto region of northern Italy.  It is known as "The Pearl of the province of Treviso", and also as "The City of a Hundred Horizons" for its mountain settings. It is one of I Borghi più belli d'Italia ("The most beautiful villages of Italy").

Its frazioni (boroughs or hamlets) include Casella, Pagnano and Villa d'Asolo.
Rockafella (song)
"Rockafella" is a hip hop song written and performed by American rapper Redman. It was released in 1994 via Rush Associated Labels as the lead single from the artist's second studio album Dare Iz a Darkside. Produced by Redman himself, it contains samples from Leon Haywood's "I Want'a Do Something Freaky to You" and Parliament's "Flashlight". The official remix version was done by Erick Sermon.

The song is dedicated to the memory of Brooklyn rapper Rockafella.

Flash Light (song)
"Flash Light" (also called "Flashlight") is a song by American funk band Parliament, released on January 28, 1978 by Casablanca Records as the second single from their sixth album, Funkentelechy Vs. the Placebo Syndrome (1977). It is written by George Clinton, Bernie Worrell and Bootsy Collins, and is the final song on the album, finishing its story of the group’s quest to defeat the evil Sir Nose d'Voidoffunk, coercing him to dance. "Flash Light" was the first No. 1 R&B hit on the US Billboard chart by any of the P-Funk groups and also spent four months on the US pop chart, peaking at No. 16. The track became Parliament's second certified million-selling single, following "Give Up the Funk (Tear the Roof Off the Sucker)". It also gave Casablanca Records its first No. 1 R&B hit. In New Zealand, the song reached No. 3 and is ranked as the No. 8 hit of 1978. "Flash Light" also charted in Canada (No. 24) and reached No. 3 on WLS-AM in Chicago.
Rear-projection television
Rear-projection television (RPTV) is a type of large-screen television display technology. Until approximately 2006, most of the relatively affordable consumer large screen TVs up to 100 inches (250 cm) used rear-projection technology. A variation is a video projector, using similar technology, which projects onto a screen.

Three types of projection systems are used in projection TVs. CRT rear-projection TVs were the earliest, and while they were the first to exceed 40 in (100 cm), they were also bulky and the picture was unclear at close range. Newer technologies include DLP (reflective micromirror chip), LCD projectors, Laser TV and LCoS. They are capable of displaying high-definition video up to 1080p resolution, and examples include Sony's SXRD (Silicon X-tal Reflective Display), JVC's D-ILA (Digital Direct Drive Image Light Amplifier) and MicroDisplay Corporation's Liquid Fidelity.

Liquid crystal on silicon
Liquid crystal on silicon (LCoS or LCOS) is a miniaturized reflective active-matrix liquid-crystal display or "microdisplay" using a liquid crystal layer on top of a silicon backplane. It is also known as a spatial light modulator. LCoS initially was developed for projection televisions, but has since found additional uses in wavelength selective switching, structured illumination, near-eye displays and optical pulse shaping.

LCoS is distinct from other LCD projector technologies which use transmissive LCD, allowing light to pass through the light processing unit (s). LCoS is more similar to DLP micro-mirror displays.
Two Señoritas from Chicago
Two Señoritas from Chicago is a 1943 American musical comedy film directed by Frank Woodruff and starring Joan Davis, Jinx Falkenburg and Ann Savage.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Lionel Banks.

Ann Savage
Ann Savage (born Berniece Maxine Lyon, February 19, 1921 – December 25, 2008) was an American film and television actress. She is best remembered as the greedy cigarette-puffing femme fatale in the critically acclaimed film noir Detour (1945). She was featured in more than 20 B movies between 1943 and 1946.

Effectively leaving the film business in the mid 1950s, Savage made occasional appearances on television and worked for industrial and inspirational film producers from the 1950s to the 1970s. She made a number of live appearances at film festivals, especially for screenings of Detour.

In 2007 she was cast by director Guy Maddin as his mother in My Winnipeg, "a part that had been tipped to bring her an Academy Award and which introduced her to a legion of new fans".
Alexis Fariña
Alexis Adrián Fariña Romero (born 17 December 2004) is a Paraguayan professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or wide midfielder for Major League Soccer club Minnesota United, on loan from Club Cerro Porteño in the Paraguayan Primera División.

Minnesota United FC
Minnesota United Football Club, often shortened to MNUFC, is an American professional soccer club based in Saint Paul, Minnesota. The club competes in Major League Soccer (MLS) as a member of the Western Conference. The club began play in the 2017 season as the league's 22nd club, and replaced the North American Soccer League (NASL) franchise of the same name.

The club played its home games at the TCF Bank Stadium, on the campus of the University of Minnesota in Minneapolis, for its first two seasons in MLS play. Minnesota United completed construction of Allianz Field, a soccer-specific stadium in St. Paul's Midway neighborhood, in early 2019.

Minnesota United's ownership is led by Bill McGuire, former CEO of UnitedHealth Group, and includes other Minnesota sports owners: the Pohlad family, owners of the Twins; Timberwolves owner Glen Taylor; former Wild investor Glen Nelson, and his daughter Wendy Carlson Nelson of the Carlson hospitality company.