hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Afula mall bombing
The Afula mall bombing was a suicide bombing on May 19, 2003, in which a Palestinian woman blew herself up outside the Shaarei HaAmakim mall in Afula, Israel, killing three Israeli civilians and injuring 70.

Both Palestinian Islamic Jihad and the al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades claimed responsibility for the attack.

Al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades
The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades (Arabic: كتائب شهداء الأقصى, romanized: Katāʾib Shuhadāʾ al-Aqṣā) are a Fatah-aligned coalition of Palestinian armed groups in the West Bank and the Gaza Strip.

Created in 2000 amidst the Second Intifada, the Brigades previously operated as the official armed wing of the Fatah political party before separating from them in 2007. Presently, the organization continues to be politically aligned with Fatah and nonetheless sometimes still presents itself as the party's armed wing, an association rejected by Fatah leadership.

The al-Aqsa Martyrs' Brigades have conducted various armed attacks on Israeli military and civilian targets since 2000. Notably, they have participated in the ongoing Gaza war (2023–present) alongside Hamas and other allied Palestinian factions.

The Brigades have been designated as a terrorist organization by Israel, the European Union, Canada, Japan, New Zealand, and the United States.
Sean Gray
Sean Gray (born 15 June 1983) is a British comedy writer, producer and director. He is known for his work on the HBO series Veep, the BAFTA-winning BBC series The Thick of It and Stewart Lee's Comedy Vehicle and the feature film The Day Shall Come. He is a two-time Emmy-winner and Golden Globe-nominee.

Stewart Lee's Comedy Vehicle
Stewart Lee's Comedy Vehicle is a British comedy series created by and starring Stewart Lee and broadcast on BBC Two. It features stand-up comedy and sketches united by a theme for each episode. It was script-edited by Chris Morris and was initially executive-produced by Armando Iannucci, marking a rare reformation of a creative team formed for On the Hour in 1991. Lee had said that this is exactly the sort of show he wanted to do, saying "I don't want to do any television that I don't have complete control of."

The first series aired in 2009, with subsequent series in 2011, 2014 and 2016. Stewart Lee announced in May 2016 that the BBC had declined to make any further series. This was due primarily to cuts to BBC Two's comedy budget, which would focus instead solely on scripted comedy.
Sporting Clube de Porto Novo
Sporting Clube de Porto Novo (Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: Sporting Klubi di Purtu Nobu) is a football club that had played in the Premier division and plays in the Santo Antão Island South Zone Division in Cape Verde. It is based in the island of Santo Antão. The club was founded in 1956 and is the island's oldest sporting club. Geographically it was once the westernmost sporting club in Cape Verde and the whole of Africa, now it is one of several today.

Sporting Porto Novo is the second most successful football (soccer) club in the South Zone having won about 5 official regional titles, overall it is fourth with the North Zone's Rosariense Clube with 8 official regional and subregional titles combined.

ALUPEC
The Alfabeto Unificado para a Escrita do Caboverdiano (Unified Alphabet for Cape Verdean Writing), commonly known as ALUPEC, is the alphabet that was officially recognized by the Cape Verdean government to write Cape Verdean Creole.
Doomed Caravan
Doomed Caravan is a 1941 American Western film directed by Lesley Selander and starring William Boyd, Andy Clyde and Minna Gombell. The film is a Western and part of the Hopalong Cassidy series released by Paramount Pictures. It is the 32nd entry in a series of 66 films.

Andy Clyde
Andrew Allan Clyde (March 25, 1892 – May 18, 1967) was a Scottish and American film and television actor whose career spanned some 45 years. In 1921 he broke into silent films as a Mack Sennett comic, debuting in On a Summer Day. He was the fifth of six children of theatrical actor, producer and manager John Clyde. Clyde's brother David and his sister Jean also became screen actors.

Clyde worked as California Carlson in the Hopalong Cassidy movie series and starred in 79 comedy shorts for Columbia Pictures from 1934-1956. He also had recurring roles in two television series: the farmer Cully Wilson in CBS's Lassie and as the neighbor George MacMichael on ABC's The Real McCoys.
Wolfgang Hoffmann
Wolfgang Hoffmann (October 21, 1900 – February 16, 1969) was an Austrian-American architect and designer active in the American modernism movement between 1926 and 1942. His reputation was overshadowed by that of his father, the architect and designer Josef Hoffmann, and ex-wife,  Josefine Pola Weinbach Hoffmann, better known as Pola Stout.

American modernism
American modernism, much like the modernism movement in general, is a trend of philosophical thought arising from the widespread changes in culture and society in the age of modernity. American modernism is an artistic and cultural movement in the United States beginning at the turn of the 20th century, with a core period between World War I and World War II. Like its European counterpart, American modernism stemmed from a rejection of Enlightenment thinking, seeking to better represent reality in a new, more industrialized world.
Seneschal of the Agenais
The Seneschal of the Agenais was an officer carrying out and managing the domestic affairs of the lord of the former county and district of Agenais. During the course of the twelfth century, the seneschalship, also became an office of military command.

The seneschal managed the household, coordinating between the receivers of various landholdings and the chamber, treasury, and the chancellory or chapel. The seneschals of the Agenais, like those appointed in Périgord, Poitou, and Najou had custody of demesne fortresses, the regional treasuries, and presidency of the highest court of regional custom.

Seneschal of Poitou
The Seneschal of Poitou was an officer carrying out and managing the domestic affairs of the lord of the County of Poitou. During the course of the twelfth century, the seneschalship, also became an office of military command.

Originally, the seneschal managed the comital household, coordinating between the receivers of various landholdings and the chamber, treasury, and the chancellery or chapel. From 1138, the office was converted into that of a vice-regent governing the county in the absence of the count. In that year, King Louis VII of France, who had become count by marriage to the countess, Eleanor of Aquitaine, appointed the hereditary seneschal William de Mauzé to govern the county in his absence. The seneschals of Poitou, like those appointed in Normandy, Gascony, and Anjou had custody of demesne fortresses, the regional treasuries, and presidency of the highest court of regional custom.
Tomorrow (2018 film)
Tomorrow is a 2018 British drama film directed by Martha Pinson, written by Stuart Brennan and Sebastian Street, and starring Sebastian Street, Stuart Brennan, Stephen Fry, Sophie Kennedy Clark, James Cosmo, Paul Kaye, Stephanie Leonidas and Joss Stone. Its plot concerns the difficulties faced by soldiers returning home from war. It is the directorial debut of Pinson, a long-time script supervisor to Martin Scorsese. Filming began on 22 September 2014 in London and shot for nine weeks, then moved to Spain, for a further week.

Paul Kaye
Paul Kaye (born 15 December 1964) is an English comedian and actor. He is perhaps best known for his role as Thoros of Myr in the HBO fantasy series Game of Thrones (2013–17). He started as shock interviewer Dennis Pennis on The Sunday Show (1995–97). His other TV roles include Mike Strutter in the MTV series Strutter (2006–2007), Vince the fox in the BBC black comedy series Mongrels (2010–2011), Vinculus in the BBC fantasy mini-series Jonathan Strange & Mr Norrell (2015), Psychiatrist in the Netflix comedy series After Life (2019–20), Malcolm Donahue in the ITV crime drama Vera (2019–23), and Patrick Katz in the Netflix thriller mini-series The Stranger (2020).

In theatre, Kaye was nominated for the 2012 Laurence Olivier Award for Best Performance in a Supporting Role in a Musical, for his work as Mr. Wormwood in the Royal Shakespeare Company's musical Matilda.
Nanchang Qingyunpu Airport
Nanchang Qingyunpu Airport (Chinese: 南昌青云谱机场), also known as Sanjiadian Airport (Chinese: 三家店机场), is an airport in Qingyunpu District of Nanchang, Jiangxi, China. Originally constructed for use by the Republic of China Air Force, it was the largest airport in China when opened in 1935. The airport was destroyed during the Second Sino-Japanese War and rebuilt afterwards. After 1949, it was mainly used for test flights by the aircraft manufacturer Hongdu Aviation Industry Group, until its replacement by Nanchang Yaohu Airport in 2018.

Nanchang
Nanchang is the capital of Jiangxi, China. Located in the north-central part of the province and in the hinterland of Poyang Lake Plain, it is bounded on the west by the Jiuling Mountains, and on the east by Poyang Lake. Because of its strategic location connecting the prosperous East and South China, it has become a major railway hub in Southern China in recent decades.

As the Nanchang Uprising in 1927 is distinctively recognized by the ruling Communist Party as "firing the first gunshot against the Nationalists", the current government has therefore named the city since 1949 "the place where the People's Liberation Army was born", and the most widely known "place where the military banner of the People's Liberation Army was first raised".

Nanchang is also a major city, appearing among the top 100 cities in the world by scientific research outputs, as tracked by the Nature Index and home to Nanchang University.
1909 Mid Derbyshire by-election
The 1909 Mid Derbyshire by-election was a Parliamentary by-election held on 15 July 1909. The constituency returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post voting system.

Mid Derbyshire
Mid Derbyshire is a constituency represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. The Member of Parliament has been Jonathan Davies of the Labour Party since the 2024 general election. As with all constituencies, the constituency elects one Member of Parliament (MP) by the first past the post system of election at least every five years.

The previous MP was Pauline Latham, a Conservative, from 2010 until she stood down in 2024.
Zima Anderson
Zima Anderson (born 22 February 1998) is an Australian actress. She grew up in Burnie, Tasmania, on a farm and later moved to Melbourne. In 2019, she had a guest role in Ms Fisher's Modern Murder Mysteries, and that same year she joined the cast of the soap opera Neighbours as Roxy Willis. Anderson remained in the role until she left in 2022 to explore other acting opportunities. She made returns in the role later in 2022 and in 2025. In 2023, she was a recruit for the fourth season of SAS Australia: Who Dares Wins; however, she was medically withdrawn after having an injury on set. Anderson is also a painter.

SAS Australia: Who Dares Wins
SAS Australia, originally called SAS Australia: Who Dares Wins, is a reality quasi-military training television programme based on the original British SAS: Who Dares Wins that was broadcast on Seven Network between 19 October 2020 and 1 November 2023. Upon release of the first season, the show's name was changed to simply SAS Australia. The series featured four ex-Special Forces soldiers acting as the directing staff (DS), with Ant Middleton as the chief instructor.

In June 2024 it was announced, that the production of the show was halted or "cancelled" for the year by Seven Network. The series was not mentioned at Seven’s 2025 upfronts and the future of the series is unknown. In October 2025, a celebrity version was renewed with a Australia vs United Kingdom format which aired in 2026.
Josh Swade
Josh Swade is an American documentary filmmaker working primarily in the sports, music, art and fashion genres. His films include Empire Skate, an ESPN 30 for 30 that tells the story of the brand Supreme and how it rose from a tiny New York skateboard shop to a global enterprise. The film premiered in 2025 at the Tribeca Film Festival. Additional feature films include Ricky Powell: The Individualist, about street photographer Ricky Powell, which premiered on Showtime in 2021; One & Done, about basketball player Ben Simmons, which premiered on Showtime in 2016; and the 2012 ESPN 30 for 30 documentary There's No Place Like Home. He has directed and produced several ESPN 30 for 30 Shorts, and several short films on popular musicians, including The Black Keys, Rick Rubin, Sheryl Crow, Major Lazer, and Gary Clark Jr. He also wrote the book The Holy Grail of Hoops: One Fan's Quest to Buy the Original Rules of Basketball.

Supreme (brand)
Supreme is an American clothing brand established in Manhattan, New York City, in April 1994. The company focuses on streetwear, skateboarding, and hip-hop fashion trends. Supreme has been described as one of the most influential streetwear brands globally.
Lombard effect
The Lombard effect or Lombard reflex is the involuntary tendency of speakers to increase their vocal effort when speaking in loud noise to enhance the audibility of their voice. This change includes not only loudness but also other acoustic features such as pitch, rate, and duration of syllables. This compensation effect maintains the auditory signal-to-noise ratio of the speaker's spoken words.

The effect links to the needs of effective communication, as there is a reduced effect when words are repeated or lists are read where communication intelligibility is not important. Since the effect is involuntary it is used as a means to detect malingering in those simulating hearing loss. Research on birds and monkeys find that the effect also occurs in the vocalizations of animals.

The effect was discovered in 1909 by Étienne Lombard, a French otolaryngologist.

Vocal effort
Vocal effort is a quantity varied by speakers when adjusting to an increase or decrease in the communication distance. The communication distance is the distance between the speaker and the listener. Vocal effort is a subjective physiological quantity, and is mainly dependent on subglottal pressure, vocal fold tension, and jaw opening. Vocal effort is different from sound pressure. To measure vocal effort, listeners are asked to rate the distance between the speaker and the addressee.

Repeated vocal effort can lead to chronic vocal pathologies. Several professional occupations requiring heavy vocal use, such as sport and fitness instructor, have been associated with an increase in developing vocal pathologies
2020–21 Leicester City F.C. season
The 2020–21 Leicester City F.C. season was the club's 116th season in existence and their 53rd (non-consecutive) season in the top tier of English football. This was their seventh consecutive season in the Premier League. In addition to the domestic league, they also competed in the season's editions of the FA Cup, the EFL Cup and the UEFA Europa League. The season covered the period from 27 July 2020 to 30 June 2021.

This was the first season since 2005–06 not to feature Andy King, who left the club upon the expiration of his contract.

Leicester won their first FA Cup title, after beating Chelsea 1–0 in the final.

2020–21 FA Cup
The 2020–21 FA Cup was the 140th edition of the oldest football tournament in the world, the Football Association Challenge Cup. It was sponsored by Emirates and known as the Emirates FA Cup for sponsorship purposes. The winners qualified for the 2021–22 UEFA Europa League group stage.

Premier League side Arsenal were the defending champions, but were eliminated in the fourth round by Southampton.

Leicester City beat Chelsea 1–0 in the final to win their first FA Cup, having been runners-up on four previous occasions.
Moisei Beregovsky
Moisei Beregovsky (1892 – 12 August 1961, Russian: Моисей Яковлевич Береговский, romanized: Moisey Yakovlevich Beregovsky; Yiddish: משה אהרן בערעגאָװסקי, romanized: Moyshe Aron Beregovski) was a Soviet Jewish folklorist, musicologist and ethnomusicologist from the Ukrainian SSR who was a key figure in the study of Jewish music. He collected, studied and published about klezmer music, Yiddish song, wordless nigun melodies, and the music of Purim plays. His published collections, mostly only released after his death, remain important sources of Jewish music from the late Russian Empire and early Soviet period. Most of his research was done during the period of 1927–1949, during the Stalin era, during which he was faced not only with ideological restrictions, but a period of imprisonment in a forced labour camp from 1950 to 1955. He was rehabilitated after 1955 and continued his work in his final years during the Khrushchev-era.

Ethnomusicology
Ethnomusicology is the multidisciplinary study of music in its cultural context. The discipline investigates social, cognitive, biological, comparative, and other dimensions. Ethnomusicologists study music as a reflection of culture and investigate the act of music-making through various immersive, observational, and analytical approaches. This discipline emerged from comparative musicology, initially focusing on non-Western music, but later expanded to embrace the study of all different music.

The practice of ethnomusicology relies on direct engagement and performance, as well as academic work. Fieldwork takes place among those who make the music, engaging local languages and culture as well as music. Ethnomusicologists can become participant observers, learning to perform the music they are studying. Fieldworkers also collect recordings and contextual data.
Know Your Ghosts E.P.
Know Your Ghosts E.P.   (1997) is a 4-song E.P. released on CD by Tadpoles.  Upon original release, Bakery Records included a VHS copy of Tadpoles' music video for the song "Snapper" with all mail-orders.  The video version of the song "Snapper" was included on the E.P. and was recorded in 1991 by Todd Parker and drummer, Michael Kite Audino.  "Judas, This Is Jesus" is a remake of the Tadpoles' track originally released on the 1989 cassette-only album, Beautiful Music For Ugly Children and was recorded and produced by Mark Kramer (Shimmy Disc) at Noise New Jersey studio. "Know Your Ghosts" is the same recording that appears on the Smoke Ghost album.  Tadpoles covered the Tony Mentzer song "Oops, I Lost Your MInd" previously on 1990's cassette-only album William's Doll (album). Tadpoles remade the tune again here with Tony Mentzer himself on lead vocals and The Waitresses' Chris Butler guest-drumming.

Chris Butler (musician)
Christopher Butler (born May 22, 1949) is an American musician, writer, and artist who is best known for leading the 1980s new wave band The Waitresses. His notable songs include "I Know What Boys Like", "No Guilt", "Christmas Wrapping" and the theme song for the TV sitcom Square Pegs.
David Vera
David Vera (born 19 July 1970) is a sailor from Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain. who represented his country at the 1996 Summer Olympics in Savannah, United States as crew member in the Soling. With helmsman Luis Doreste and fellow crew member Domingo Manrique they took the 6th place.

Luis Doreste
Luís Doreste Blanco (born 7 March 1961 in Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas) is a Spanish sailor who won gold medal both in the 1984 Summer Olympics (470 class), and in the 1992 Summer Olympics in Barcelona (Flying Dutchman).

A member of Real Club Náutico de Gran Canaria, Doreste became World champion in 1985 (Flying Dutchman), and again in 1995 (Soling). He is three times European Champion, from 1976 (Optimist), 1985 (470) and 1988 (Flying Dutchman). He is a four-time Olympian.

Doreste took the Athlete's Oath at Barcelona in 1992. He is the brother of Manuel Doreste, Gustavo Doreste and José Luis Doreste.

He skippered Desafío Español 2007 at the 2007 Louis Vuitton Cup.
Mycena lux-coeli
Mycena lux-coeli—meaning "heavenly light mushrooms"—is a bioluminescent species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae. Mycena lux-coeli is a species of fungus in the family Mycenaceae. This mushroom emits a continuous green bioluminescent glow from its gills under humid forest conditions, produced by the oxidation of a trans-3-hydroxyhispidin substrate via a luciferase enzyme system.

In the dark forests of Japan, this mushroom is also known as "sky lantern mushroom" and looks beautiful.

Mycena emits light because luciferase reacts with luciferin to produce light. It's thought this change helps mushrooms attract bugs in their natural environment to help spread spores, while potentially scaring off predators.

Hachijō-jima island is also home to the bioluminescent mushroom species, Mycena chlorophos. The local name for these mushrooms is hato-no-hi, literally "pigeon fire".

Mycena chlorophos
Mycena chlorophos is a species of agaric fungus in the family Mycenaceae. First described in 1860, the fungus is found in subtropical Asia, including India, Japan, Taiwan, Polynesia, Indonesia, and Sri Lanka, in Australia, and Brazil.  Fruit bodies (mushrooms) have pale brownish-grey sticky caps up to 30 mm (1.2 in) in diameter atop stems 6–30 mm (0.2–1.2 in) long and up to a millimeter thick. The mushrooms are bioluminescent and emit a pale green light. Fruiting occurs in forests on fallen woody debris such as dead twigs, branches, and logs. The fungus can be made to grow and fruit in laboratory conditions, and the growth conditions affecting bioluminescence have been investigated.
The Piper (song)
"The Piper" is a track from the 1980 album Super Trouper, by Swedish pop group ABBA. The song is loosely based on the famous story of The Pied Piper of Hamelin, but lyricist Björn Ulvaeus cites the novel The Stand by Stephen King as a source of inspiration. It is regarded by some ABBA fans as being very different from the more mainstream songs they had recorded until this time. In particular, the dark lyrics dealing with the seduction by fascistic leaders and a somewhat medieval sound (drums, flute, choral) are not seen in their earlier songs.

ABBA: Uncensored on the Road explains that the song was also the flip-side of the single "Super Trouper"; while From ABBA to Mamma Mia!: The Official Book adds: After a two-week break in March for the concluding tour of Japan, by the end of April ABBA had completed the songs "Andante, Andante", "On And On And On", "Happy New Year", "Elaine" and "The Piper".

Andante, Andante
"Andante, Andante" is a song recorded by Swedish pop group ABBA for the album Super Trouper. It was released as a single in only two countries, El Salvador and Argentina. It was written by members Benny Andersson and Björn Ulvaeus on 9 April 1980 at Polar Music studios. Initially, this song was called "Hold Me Close". Anni-Frid Lyngstad sang the lead vocals.
Francesco Erizzo
Francesco Erizzo (Venice, 18 February 1566 – Venice, 3 January 1646) was the 98th Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 10 April 1631 until his death fifteen years later. His reign is particularly notable because the last year of his reign saw the beginning of a war with the Ottoman Empire for control of Crete that would last for 24 years and dominate the geopolitics of the Mediterranean.

Nicolò Contarini
Nicolò Contarini (26 September 1553 – 1 April 1631), was the 97th Doge of Venice from 2 January 1630 until his death in 1631. During his tenure the Italian plague of 1629–1631 reached Venice, killing one third of the population.