hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Setuid
In Unix-like systems, the access rights flags setuid and setgid (short for set user identity and set group identity) allow users to run an executable with the file system permissions of the executable's owner or group respectively and to change behaviour in directories. They are often used to allow users on a computer system to run programs with temporarily elevated privileges to perform a specific task. While the assumed user id or group id privileges provided are not always elevated, at a minimum they are specific.

The flags setuid and setgid are needed for tasks that require different privileges than what the user is normally granted, such as the ability to alter system files or databases to change their login password. Some of the tasks that require additional privileges may not immediately be obvious, though, such as the ping command, which must send and listen for control packets on a network interface.

Executable
In computing, an executable is a resource that a computer can use to control its behavior. As with all information in computing, it is data, but distinct from data that does not imply a flow of control. Terms such as executable code, executable file, executable program, and executable image describe forms in which the information is represented and stored. A native executable is machine code and is directly executable at the instruction level of a CPU. A script is also executable although indirectly via an interpreter. Intermediate executable code (such as bytecode) may be interpreted or converted to native code at runtime via just-in-time compilation.
BB/Ang3l
BB/Ang3l (pronounced as "Baby Angel") is the sixth studio album by American singer Tinashe. It was released on September 8, 2023, by her independent label, Tinashe Music, and Nice Life Recording Company. Conceived as a concise, seven-track electronic R&B project, the album was described by Tinashe as highly personal, emphasizing raw emotion and a streamlined approach. It includes two singles "Talk to Me Nice" and "Needs", accompanied by a visual project titled The BB/Ang3l Experience.

Following the album's release, Tinashe launched the BB/Ang3l Tour after the cancellation of her previously announced co-headlining tour with Shygirl. Three songs from the album appeared on year-end lists by The Fader, i-D, Paper, and Pitchfork. BB/Ang3l reached number 32 on the US Top Album Sales chart. A second installment of the project, titled Quantum Baby, was released in 2024.

The Fader
The Fader (stylised as The FADER) is a magazine established in 1999 as an outlet for Cornerstone Agency, a marketing and public relations firm established by Rob Stone and Jon Cohen. The magazine covers music, style and culture.
Elyanna
Elian Amer Marjieh (sometimes credited as Margieh; Arabic: إليان عامر مرجية; born January 22, 2002), known professionally as Elyanna (إليانا), is a Palestinian singer and songwriter, merging Arabic music with Latin rhythms to create an experimental Arab-pop sound that has captured a global audience. Born in Nazareth, her musical talents were nurtured by her family, with early influences including iconic figures like Julio Iglesias and Sabah Fakhri, Elyanna's career took a significant turn when she was discovered at age 15 by Grammy-winner Nasri Atweh.

She has released two EPs: Elyanna (2020) and Elyanna II (2022), and one studio album: Woledto (2024). She is currently signed to Universal Arabic Music. Her singles "Ana Lahale", "Ghareeb Alay", "Ala Bali", and "Mama Eh" have all charted on The Official Lebanese Top 20. Elyanna is the first artist to sing in Arabic on The Late Show with Stephen Colbert. She recently sold out The Wiltern in Los Angeles and KOKO in London.

Sabah Fakhri
Sabah al-Din Abu Qaws (Arabic: صباح الدين أبو قوس; May 2, 1933 – November 2, 2021), also known as Sabah Fakhri (Arabic: صباح فخري, Syrian Arabic pronunciation: [sˤɑˈbɑːħ ˈfæχɾi]), was a Syrian tenor singer from Aleppo.

With over 50 years of fame and popularity as a singer, Sabah Fakhri modified and popularized the then-fading forms of traditional Arabic music Muwashahat and Qudud Halabiya. He was well known for his beautiful strong vocals, impeccable control and execution of Maqamat and harmony, as well as his dominant and charismatic performances on stage. In the Arab world, he is regarded as one of the greatest artists of all time.
1900 Missouri State Auditor election
The 1900 Missouri State Auditor election was held on November 6, 1900, in order to elect the state auditor of Missouri. Democratic nominee Albert Otis Allen defeated Republican nominee William F. Bloebaum, Social Democratic nominee L. M. Richeson, Prohibition nominee Orange J. Hill, People's Progressive nominee Benjamin F. Allen and Socialist Labor nominee Charles Wippermann.

State Auditor of Missouri
The state auditor of Missouri is an elected constitutional officer in the executive branch of government of the U.S. state of Missouri. Thirty-eight individuals have occupied the office of state auditor since statehood. The incumbent is Scott Fitzpatrick, a Republican.
Bothriechis nubestris
Bothriechis nubestris, the Talamancan palm-pitviper, is a species of pit viper native to cloud forests and montane rainforests in Costa Rica, specifically San José, Cartago and Limón. The snake was mistaken for Bothriechis nigroviridis.

Bothriechis nigroviridis
Bothriechis nigroviridis is a pit viper species found in the mountains of Costa Rica and Panama. No subspecies are currently recognized. The specific name is derived from the Latin niger (black) and viridis (green) in reference to its distinctive color pattern.
Joe Daher
Joseph G. Daher (1913 – September 21, 1993) was an American college basketball and football coach. A graduate of Juniata College, Daher coached the Manhattan Jaspers from 1942 to 1943 as well as the VMI Keydets basketball program from 1943 to 1945. He also coached three sports at Morris Harvey College (now known as the University of Charleston) in Charleston, West Virginia for three years. In 1940, Daher coauthored a book entitled "Fundamentals of Basketball" with the great Clair Bee. Additionally, Daher spent two seasons as a pitcher with the Pittsburgh Pirates in 1933 and 1934.

Clair Bee
Clair Francis Bee (March 2, 1896 – May 20, 1983) was an American basketball coach who led the team at Long Island University in Brooklyn, New York to undefeated seasons in 1936 and 1939, as well as two National Invitation Tournament titles in 1939 and 1941.
Alex Wilcox
Alex Wilcox is an American airline executive and businessman. He co-founded JetSuiteX, since renamed JSX, and is JSX's CEO. Wilcox was a founding executive of JetBlue Airways as well as president and COO of Kingfisher Airlines until 2006. Wilcox started his career in customer service at Virgin Atlantic Airways, where he helped David Tait, who headed US Virgin Atlantic.

Kingfisher Airlines
Kingfisher Airlines Limited was an airline group based in India. It was established in 2003 and started its commercial operations in 2005. Through its parent company United Breweries Group, it had a 50% stake in low-cost carrier Kingfisher Red.

Until December 2011, Kingfisher Airlines had the second largest share in India's domestic air travel market. However, the airline ran into continuous losses since its inception, ran high debts and finally closed its operations on 20 October 2012.
Japanese submarine I-20
I-20 (伊20) was the third Type C cruiser submarines built for the Imperial Japanese Navy. During World War II, she operated as the mother ship for a midget submarine during the attack on Pearl Harbor and the attack of Diego-Suarez, conducted war patrols in the Pacific Ocean and Indian Ocean, and served in the Guadalcanal campaign and New Guinea campaign. She was last heard from on 31 August 1943.

Antsiranana
Antsiranana (Malagasy: Antsiranana Malagasy pronunciation: [antsʲˈraŋanə̥]), named Diego-Suarez prior to 1975, is a city in the far north of Madagascar. Antsiranana is the capital of Diana Region. It had an estimated population of 115,015 in 2013.
Song Puxuan
Song Puxuan (Chinese: 宋普选; born March 1954) is a retired general of the Chinese People's Liberation Army (PLA). He served as director of the Logistic Support Department of the Central Military Commission from 2017 to 2019. Prior to that, he served as commander of the Northern Theater Command, commander of the Beijing Military Region, deputy commander of the Nanjing Military Region, president of the PLA National Defence University.

People's Liberation Army National Defense University
The PLA National Defense University is a national military university headquartered in Haidian, Beijing, China, with constituent and affiliated military academies nationwide. Established in 1985 by a military order of Deng Xiaoping, the university is under the "institutional leadership" of the Central Military Commission. The university is the highest military education institution of China.

The current president of the university is People's Liberation Army (PLA) general Xiao Tianliang. Its current political commissar is vice admiral Xia Zhihe.
Swisher County, Texas
Swisher County is a county in the U.S. state of Texas. As of the 2020 census, its population was 6,971. Its county seat is Tulia. The county was created in 1876 and later organized in 1890. It is named for James G. Swisher, a soldier of the Texas Revolution and signer of the Texas Declaration of Independence.

At one time, the large JA Ranch, founded by Charles Goodnight and John George Adair, and later owned by Goodnight and Cornelia Adair, reached into six counties, including Swisher.

Charles Goodnight
Charles Goodnight (March 5, 1836 – December 12, 1929), also known as Charlie Goodnight, was a rancher in the American West. In 1955, he was inducted into the Hall of Great Westerners of the National Cowboy & Western Heritage Museum.
2003 BCR Open Romania
The 2003 BCR Open Romania was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the Arenele BNR in Bucharest in Romania and was part of the International Series of the 2003 ATP Tour. The tournament ran from 8 September through 14 September 2003. Fourth-seeded David Sánchez won the singles title.

David Sánchez (tennis)
David Sánchez Muñoz (Spanish pronunciation: [daˈβið ˈsantʃeθ muˈɲoθ]; born 20 April 1978) is a Spanish tennis coach and a former professional player. He reached his career high singles ranking of World No. 41 on 24 February 2003.
Boebe (Crete)
35°00′20″N 24°52′43″E﻿ / ﻿35.00546°N 24.87863°E﻿ / 35.00546; 24.87863
Boebe or Boibe (Ancient Greek: Βοίβη) was a town in ancient Crete, which was in the Gortynian district. Scholars tentatively locate Boebe at the modern village of Pompia in the municipal unit of Moires, municipality of Faistos, regional unit of Heraklion.

Gortyna
Gortyna /ɡɔːrˈtaɪnə/ (Ancient Greek: Γόρτυνα; also known as Gortyn (Γορτύν)) was a town of ancient Crete which appears in the Homeric poems under the form of Γορτύν; but afterwards became usually Gortyna (Γόρτυνα). According to Stephanus of Byzantium it was originally called Larissa (Λάρισσα) and Cremnia or Kremnia (Κρήμνια).
Innovation method
In statistics, the Innovation method provides an estimator for the parameters of stochastic differential equations given a time series of (potentially noisy) observations of the state variables. In the framework of continuous-discrete state space models, the innovation estimator is obtained by maximizing the log-likelihood of the corresponding discrete-time innovation process with respect to the parameters. The innovation estimator can be classified as a M-estimator, a quasi-maximum likelihood estimator or a prediction error estimator depending on the inferential considerations that want to be emphasized. The innovation method is a system identification technique for developing mathematical models of dynamical systems from measured data and for the optimal design of experiments.

State variable
A state variable is one of the set of variables that are used to describe the mathematical "state" of a dynamical system.  Intuitively, the state of a system describes enough about the system to determine its future behaviour in the absence of any external forces affecting the system. Models that consist of coupled first-order differential equations are said to be in state-variable form.

In thermodynamics, state variables are defined as large-scale characteristics or aggregate properties of a system which provide a macroscopic description of it. In general, state variables have the following properties in common:

They don't involve any special assumptions concerning the structure of matter, fields or radiation.

They are few in number needed to describe the system.

They are fundamental, as suggested by our sensory perceptions.

They can be, in general, directly measured.
Ryan Keberle
Ryan Keberle (born 
June 16, 1980) is an American trombone player, composer, arranger, and educator. Described by The New York Times as a "trombonist of vision and composure", he leads Ryan Keberle & Catharsis, Collectiv do Brasil, his All Ears Orchestra, the Big Band Living Legacy Project and co-leads the international chamber jazz ensemble, Reverso. Keberle has performed with David Bowie, Maria Schneider, Wynton Marsalis, Darcy James Argue, Alicia Keys, and Sufjan Stevens, among others, and has appeared on seven Grammy Award-winning records.

Keberle currently directs the jazz program at Hunter College. A "relentlessly prolific sideman", Keberle has appeared on movie soundtracks for filmmakers including Woody Allen and in the pit for Broadway musicals such as In the Heights.

In the Heights
In the Heights is a musical with concept, music, and lyrics by Lin-Manuel Miranda and a book by Quiara Alegría Hudes. The story is a romance as well as a celebration of community, culture, and aspirations. It is set over the course of three days, involving characters in the largely Hispanic and Latino neighborhood of Washington Heights in Upper Manhattan, New York City. The score blends hip-hop, salsa, merengue, and soul.

After a 2005 tryout in Waterford, Connecticut and a 2007 Off-Broadway run, the show opened on Broadway in March 2008. It was nominated for thirteen Tony Awards and won four, including Best Musical. A film adaptation of the musical was released in June 2021.
Jim Dotson
Jim Dotson (born 1977/1978) is an American politician. He has represented part of Benton County, Arkansas in the Arkansas Senate since 2023. Previously, he represented a similar constituency in the Arkansas House of Representatives from 2013 to 2023.

Dotson was born in Bentonville, Arkansas, and attended Northwest Arkansas Community College. In 2013, he was elected for the 93rd district of the Arkansas House of Representatives, assuming office on January 14, 2013. In 2014, Dotson began working as a real estate agent at Gibson Real Estate.

In 2022 he was elected for the 34th district of the Arkansas Senate, defeating Peter Christie, mayor of Bella Vista, Arkansas, in the Republican primary, and Libertarian Jean Pierre DeVilliers in the general election.

Arkansas House of Representatives
The Arkansas House of Representatives is the lower house of the Arkansas General Assembly, the state legislature of the US state of Arkansas. The House has 100 members elected from an equal number of constituencies across the state. Each district has an average population of 30,137, according to the 2020 federal census. Members are elected to two-year terms and, since the 2014 Amendment to the Arkansas Constitution, limited to sixteen years cumulative in either house.

The Arkansas House of Representatives meets annually, in regular session in odd number years and for a fiscal session in even number years, at the State Capitol in Little Rock.
Whistle (company)
Whistle Labs, Inc. was a pet-technology company headquartered in San Francisco, California. It produced and marketed the Whistle GPS Pet Tracker, a device worn on a pet’s collar to monitor activity and location. In addition to serving pet owners, the devices have been used by veterinary researchers for canine health and behavior studies.

Whistle was acquired by Mars Petcare in 2016 and operated under Mars until 2025, when Tractive acquired Whistle. After this acquisition, the Whistle brand and product line were discontinued and Whistle customers were given the option to transition into Tractive’s platform.

Tractive
Tractive is an Austrian technology company specializing in GPS tracking and health monitoring devices for dogs and cats. Founded in 2012, the company offers products that enable pet owners to monitor their animals' real-time location, activity levels, and health metrics through a collar-attached device and dedicated mobile application.
Matuʻu, American Samoa
Matuʻu, meaning heron or reef heron in Samoan, is a village located in the Eastern District of American Samoa, approximately 3.5 kilometers (2.2 miles) northeast of the capital, Pago Pago. Nicknamed "Yellow Town," Matuʻu is renowned for its unique tradition of adorning the entire village with soft yellow lights during the Christmas season.

Pacific reef heron
The Pacific reef heron (Egretta sacra), also known as the eastern reef heron or eastern reef egret, is a species of heron found throughout southern Asia and Oceania. It occurs in two colour morphs with either slaty grey or pure white plumage. The sexes are similar in appearance.
Emblem of Yugoslavia
The Emblem of Yugoslavia featured six torches, surrounded by wheat with a red star at its top, and burning together in one flame; this represented the brotherhood and unity of the six federal republics forming Yugoslavia: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia, Macedonia, Montenegro, Serbia and Slovenia. The date imprinted was 29 November 1943, the day the Anti-Fascist Council for the National Liberation of Yugoslavia (AVNOJ) met in Jajce on its second meeting and formed the basis for post-war organisation of the country, establishing a federal republic. This day was celebrated as Republic Day after the establishment of the republic. The emblem of Yugoslavia, along with those of its constituent republics, are an example of socialist-style emblems.

Brotherhood and unity
Brotherhood and unity[a] was a popular slogan of the League of Communists of Yugoslavia that was coined during the Yugoslav People's Liberation War (1941–45), and which evolved into a guiding principle of Yugoslavia's post-war inter-ethnic policy. In Slovenia, the slogan "Brotherhood and Peace" (bratstvo in mir) was used in the beginning.
Xinli Subdistrict
Xinli Subdistrict (Chinese: 新立街道; pinyin: Xīnlì Jiēdào) is a subdistrict located on southern Dongli District, Tianjin, China. It borders Wanxin Subdistrict and Tianjin Aviation Logistics District to its north, Jinqiao Subdistrict to its east, Shuangqiaohe and XInashuigu Towns to its south, Xinzhuang and Shuanggang Towns to its southwest, as well as Zhangguizhuang and Fengniancun Subdistricts to its west. In 2010, its population is 136,357.

Zhangguizhuang Subdistrict
Zhangguizhuang (simplified Chinese: 张贵庄街道; traditional Chinese: 張貴莊街道; pinyin: Zhāngguìzhuāng Jiēdào) is a subdistrict and the district seat of Dongli District, Tianjin, China. It shares border with Xinli Subdistrict in the north and south, Fengniancun Subdistrict in the east, as well as Erhaoqiao and Wanxin Subdistricts in the west. As of 2010, the subdistirct had a census population of 45,391.

Its name Zhangguizhuang (Chinese: 张贵庄; lit. 'Zhang's noble manor') refers to the village that used to exist in the area.
'Mantsopa
'Mantsopa Anna Makhetha (1793–1908), often referred to as 'Mantsopa, was a Basotho prophetess, rainmaker, and storyteller. She advised King Moshoeshoe I and predicted the outcomes of several battles, including the Battle of Viervoet in 1851 and the Battle of Berea in 1852. She was exiled to Modderpoort in the late 1860s, where she converted to Christianity and was baptised in 1870. She fused Christianity with her own traditional Basotho customs.

Battle of Berea
The Battle of Berea was a battle between British forces under Sir George Cathcart and Basuto-Taung forces under King Moshoeshoe I that took place on 20 December 1852. The battle began when British forces broke into three columns and crossed the Caledon River in southern Africa, with the goal of seizing Basuto cattle as a form of punishment for past Basuto cattle raiding.

A combination of stiff Basuto resistance, poor planning and miscoordination on the side of the British forces led to far fewer cattle being seized than originally planned. The British withdrew in order to regroup after suffering relatively high casualties. However a peace agreement was reached before the resumption of hostilities. The Basuto paid limited restitution, while agreeing to halt any further cattle raids against British subjects.
Josie d'Arby
Josephine d'Arby is a Welsh television presenter and actress from Newport, Wales. D'Arby started her television career in children's television co-presenting on SMart progressing to other shows such as Bigger Breakfast and Top of the Pops. She has also acted in Merseybeat and Look Around You.

SMart
SMart was a British CBBC television programme based on art, which began in 1994 and ended in 2009. The programme was recorded at BBC Television Centre in London. Previously it had been recorded in Studio A at Pebble Mill Studios in Birmingham. The format is similar to the Tony Hart programmes Take Hart and Hartbeat. The show was revamped into an hour-long show in 2007; from 1994 to 2006 it was previously a 25-minute show. From 1994 to 2005, the show also featured Morph, originally from Take Hart. The series run featured 199 episodes, last airing on 11 August 2011.
Dicalydones
The Dicalydones were mentioned by the 4th century writer Ammianus Marcellinus as one of the two branches of the Picti, the Picts, the inhabitants of modern-day Scotland (the other being the Verturiones).

The name bears a striking resemblance to the other historical nomenclature donated to the Picts by classical historians, Caledonii.  Some scholars theorize that the two groups (Dicalydones and Caledonii) are one and the same, and that the other major Pictish tribes, related by Ptolemy as the Vacomagi, Venicones, and Taezali, eventually went on to form the Maeatae mentioned by Cassius Dio. Other archaic accounts, which mention the Caledonii and Maeatae as the two major Pictish tribes, would seem to corroborate this hypothesis.

Taexali
The Taexali (Ancient Greek: Ταίξαλοι) or Taezali (Ancient Greek: Ταίζαλοι) were people on the eastern coast of Britannia Barbara  in ancient Scotland, known only from a single mention of them by the geographer Ptolemy c. 150. From his general description and the approximate location of their town or principal place that he called 'Devana', their territory was along the northeastern coast of Scotland and is known to have included Buchan Ness, as Ptolemy refers to the promontory as 'Taexalon Promontory' (Ταίξαλον ἄκρον).
Col de Val Louron-Azet
The Col de Val Louron-Azet (or Col d'Azet) (elevation 1,580 m (5,180 ft)) is a mountain pass in the French Pyrenees in the department of Hautes-Pyrénées,  which links Saint-Lary-Soulan and Azet, in the Aure Valley to the west, with Génos and Loudenvielle in the Louron Valley to the east. To the east of the pass is the Val-Louron ski station, and the GR10 footpath is also nearby.

Saint-Lary-Soulan
Saint-Lary-Soulan (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ laʁi sulɑ̃]; Occitan: Sent Lari e Sola, [sen ˈlari e ˈsulo̞]) is a commune of Southwestern France, located in the department of Hautes-Pyrénées, Occitania.