hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jameen Kottai
Jameen Kottai is a 1995 Indian Tamil-language horror film directed by Ramchandar and written by Kalaipuli G. Sekaran. The film stars Kalaipuli G. Sekaran and Mohini, with Ra. Sankaran, King Kong, P. R. Varalakshmi, Bayilvan Ranganathan and Boopathi Raja playing supporting roles. Jameen Kottai was produced by Pon Kumar with a musical score written by Sirpy. The film was released on the 14 December 1995.

Sirpy
R. Narayanan Sirpy, known by his stage name Sirpy, is an Indian film score and soundtrack composer. He has predominantly scored music for Tamil films apart from working in Telugu and Malayalam films. He has also sung a few of his own compositions.
Sharafat Ali Khan
Ustad Sharafat Ali Khan (1955 – 30 November 2009) was a Pakistani classical singer. He used to sing in various Hindustani classical genres such as thumri, kafi, khayal and ghazal throughout his career.

The recipient of Pride of Performance Award by the Government of Pakistan, Saraswati Samman Award conferred by the government of India, he was also awarded Tamgha-e-Hunar award by Afghanistan.

Pride of Performance
The Pride of Performance (Urdu: تمغہِ حسنِ کارکردگی, romanized: tamġā-e husn-e kārkardgī), officially known as the Presidential Pride of Performance, is an award bestowed by the Islamic Republic of Pakistan to recognize people with "notable achievements in the field of art, science, literature, sports, and nursing". It is considered one of the country's most prestigious awards in these fields conferred upon citizens and, in some cases, foreign nationals.
Repnin Sejm
The Repnin Sejm (Polish: Sejm repninowski) was a sejm (parliament) of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth that was held between 1767 and 1768 in Warsaw. This sejm followed the Sejms of 1764 to 1766, where the newly elected King of Poland, Stanisław August Poniatowski, attempted with some successes to push through reforms to strengthen the government of the Commonwealth. These reforms were viewed as dangerous by Poland's neighbors, who preferred a weak Commonwealth and did not want to see it threaten their own political and military aspirations. The Russian Empire sent ambassador Nikolai Repnin, who became the driving force behind the Sejm proceedings. The Repnin Sejm marked one of the important milestones in increasing Polish dependence on the Russian Empire, and turning it into a Russian protectorate. This dependent position was bluntly spelled out in Nikita Panin's letter to King Poniatowski, in which he made it clear that Poland was now in the Russian sphere of influence.

Convocation Sejm of 1764
The Convocation Sejm of 1764 was a confederated convocation sejm of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth which met in Warsaw from 7 May to 23 June. It was tasked with preparing a royal election to fill the throne of the Commonwealth, but also carried out a series of reforms to the Commonwealth.

The Sejm was led by Sejm marshal, Adam Kazimierz Czartoryski. Familia party of Czartoryski magnate family, backed by the Russian Empire (whose military forces were occupying parts of the Commonwealth) forced an election of their candidate (Stanisław August Poniatowski). In protest at the presence of Russian forces, and influence of Russian ambassador to the Commonwealth, Herman Karl von Keyserling, many opposition deputies left the session - in the end the Sejm passed its decisions with only 80 deputies (out of 300) and 7 senators (out of 136). The Sejm approved the cession of the territory of the Commonwealth to Russia, made in the Eternal Peace Treaty of 1686.
Joint Entrance Screening Test
The Joint Entrance Screening Test (JEST) is a national entrance test in physics and theoretical computer science conducted annually in India. The test is utilised by various Indian public research institutes to shortlist candidates for admission to PhD and Integrated PhD programmes with fellowships in theoretical computer science and areas in physics. JEST has been recognised as a National Eligibility Test (NET) by the Science and Engineering Research Board (SERB).

As of 2024, there are a total of 33 participating institutes in JEST. Each year, the test is conducted by any one of the institutes as a common test for admission to all participating institutes. A PhD in theoretical computer science is provided only at the Institute of Mathematical Sciences.

Research institute
A research institute, research centre, or research organization is an establishment founded for doing research. Research institutes may specialize in basic research or may be oriented to applied research. Although the term often implies natural science research, there are also many research institutes in the social science as well, especially for sociological and historical research purposes.
Looped square
The looped square (⌘), also known as Saint John's Arms, Saint Hannes cross (related to Swedish sankthanskors, Danish johanneskors, and Finnish hannunvaakuna), and as the command-key symbol due to its use on the command key on Apple computer keyboards, is a symbol consisting of a square with outward pointing loops at its corners. It is referred to as a looped square, for example, in works regarding the Mississippian culture (approximately 800 AD to 1600 AD). It is also known as the place of interest sign when used on information signs, a practice that started in Finland in the 1950s, spreading to the other Nordic countries in the 1960s.

It is an ancient symbol used by several cultures, and remains in common use today. It belongs to a class of symbols which are called valknute in Norway.

Mississippian culture
The Mississippian culture was a collection of Native American societies that flourished in what is now the Midwestern, Eastern, and Southeastern United States from approximately 800 to 1600 CE, varying regionally. It was known for building large, earthen platform mounds, and often other shaped mounds as well. It was composed of a series of urban settlements and satellite villages linked together by loose trading networks. The largest city was Cahokia, believed to be a major religious center, located in what is present-day southern Illinois.

The Mississippian way of life began to develop in the Mississippi River Valley (for which it is named). Cultures in the tributary Tennessee River Valley may have also begun to develop Mississippian characteristics at this point. Almost all dated Mississippian sites predate 1539–1540 (when Hernando de Soto explored the area), with notable exceptions being Natchez communities. These maintained Mississippian cultural practices into the 18th century.
Virgilio Barco Library
Virgilio Barco Public Library is a Public library in the western sector of Bogotá, Colombia. It is a part of BibloRed, the District's Public Library Network. The building was designed by architect Rogelio Salmona, and forms part of the Simón Bolívar Metropolitan Park. Its inauguration took place on 21 December 2001, named after former President Virgilio Barco Vargas.

The design of the building is notable for its emphasis of water management, with water pools on the outside. The library and its surrounding park together form one of seven sites which make up the serial property "The architectural legacy of Rogelio Salmona: an ethical, political, social and poetic manifesto." Colombia's permanent delegation to UNESCO submitted the site to the country's Tentative List for the World Heritage List in 2022.

Rogelio Salmona
Rogelio Salmona (April 28, 1929 – October 3, 2007) was a French Colombian architect. He was noted for his extensive use of red brick in his buildings and for using natural shapes like spirals, radial geometry and curves in his designs. During the latter part of his life, Salmona gained renown thanks to awards like the first prize at the 1986, 1988, and 1990 Colombian Architecture Biennials, and the Alvar Aalto Medal in 2003. His works are highly representative of Colombian architecture at the end of the twentieth century.
George Pelawa
George Dale Pelawa (February 22, 1968 – August 30, 1986) was a high school hockey right winger from Bemidji, Minnesota.  He was named Minnesota Mr. Hockey in 1986 as the top high-school player in the state and was selected in the first round, 16th overall, by the Calgary Flames in the 1986 NHL Entry Draft.  He died in an automobile accident three months after the draft.

1986 NHL entry draft
The 1986 NHL entry draft was the 24th NHL entry draft. It was held on June 21, 1986, at the Montreal Forum in Montreal, Quebec. The National Hockey League (NHL) teams selected 252 players eligible for entry into professional ranks, in the reverse order of the 1985–86 NHL season and playoff standings.

The last active player in the NHL from this draft class was Teppo Numminen, who retired after the 2008–09 season.
Marcus Holliday
Marcus Edward "Doc" Holliday (born July 16, 1973) is an American former professional football running back who played with the St. Louis Rams of the National Football League (NFL) and the Hamilton Tiger-Cats of the Canadian Football League (CFL). He played college football for the Memphis Tigers.

Isaac Bruce
Isaac Isidore Bruce (born November 10, 1972) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He was selected by the Los Angeles Rams in the second round of the 1994 NFL draft after playing college football for the West Los Angeles Wildcats, the Santa Monica Corsairs, and most notably with the Memphis Tigers.

An All-Pro and four-time Pro Bowl selection, Bruce amassed 15,208 receiving yards in his career (fifth all-time). He played the first 14 years with the Los Angeles / St. Louis Rams and won a Super Bowl ring with the team in Super Bowl XXXIV over the Tennessee Titans. He also played for the San Francisco 49ers. During his time with the Rams, he was the leading wide receiver of "The Greatest Show on Turf". In 2020, Bruce was elected into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.
Taylor Mitchell
Taylor Josephine Stephanie Luciow (August 27, 1990 – October 27, 2009), known by her stage name Taylor Mitchell, was a Canadian country folk singer and songwriter from Toronto. Her debut and sole studio album, For Your Consideration (2009), received encouraging reviews and airplay. Following a busy summer performance schedule, which included an appearance as a young performer at the Winnipeg Folk Festival, Mitchell embarked on a tour of Eastern Canada with a newly acquired licence and car.

Mitchell died at the age of 19 of injuries and blood loss after two eastern coyotes (coywolves) mauled her while she was walking along Cape Breton Highlands National Park's Skyline Trail. Her death is the only known fatal coyote attack on an adult and the only known fatal coyote attack on a human ever confirmed in Canada. It shocked experts and led to a reassessment of the risk to humans from the predator behaviour of coyotes.

Winnipeg Folk Festival
The Winnipeg Folk Festival is a non-profit charitable organization with an annual summer folk music festival held in Birds Hill Provincial Park, near Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada. The festival features a variety of artists and music from around the world as well as a number of local artists.

Begun by Mitch Podolak, Colin Gorrie, and Ava Kobrinsky in 1974 as a celebration of Winnipeg's centennial, the festival itself has grown into an annual event exceeding 70,000 attendees. The festival is held over the second weekend of July, beginning on Thursday night and running through to Sunday night.

Beyond the four-day festival, the organization offers year-round concert programming at venues throughout the city bringing in artists as well as organizing free concert programming throughout the city.
Dave Malarcher
David "Gentleman Dave" Julius Malarcher (October 18, 1894 – May 11, 1982) was an American third baseman in Negro league baseball. He played for the Indianapolis ABCs, Detroit Stars, and Chicago American Giants from 1916 to 1934.

Malarcher won three pennants as manager, one of eight managers to ever do so in the Negro leagues.

Detroit Stars
The Detroit Stars were an American baseball team in the Negro leagues and played at historic Mack Park. The Stars had winning seasons every year but two, but were never able to secure any championships. Among their best players was Baseball Hall of Famer Turkey Stearnes.
Luxor 5th Passage
Luxor 5th Passage, known as Luxor 5, is the sequel to Luxor, Luxor 2, Luxor 3, and Luxor: Quest for the Afterlife. It was developed by Absolutist and published by MumboJumbo in the 5th anniversary of the creation of Luxor, the first installment in the series.

Luxor: Quest for the Afterlife
Luxor: Quest for the Afterlife (known as Luxor 4) is the sequel to  Luxor,  Luxor 2, and Luxor 3, and has features such as Battle mode, six lands to venture through rather than just Egypt, and stories narrated by Queen Nefertiti. The game was developed by MumboJumbo LLC.
2019 Pulwama attack
The 2019 Pulwama attack occurred on 14 February 2019, when a convoy of vehicles carrying Indian security personnel on the Jammu–Srinagar National Highway was attacked by a vehicle-borne suicide bomber at Lethapora in the Pulwama district of the erstwhile state of Jammu and Kashmir. The attack killed 40 Central Reserve Police Force (CRPF) personnel as well as the perpetrator — Adil Ahmad Dar— who was a local Kashmiri youth from the Pulwama district. The responsibility for the attack was claimed by the Pakistan-based Islamist terrorist group, Jaish-e-Mohammed. India blamed neighbouring Pakistan for the attack, while the latter condemned the attack and denied having any connections to it. The attack dealt a severe blow to India–Pakistan relations, consequently resulting in the 2019 India–Pakistan military standoff. Subsequently, Indian investigations identified 19 accused. By August 2021, the main accused along with six others had been killed, and seven had been arrested.

Kashmiris
Kashmiri people (Kashmiri pronunciation: [kəːʃirʲ]) are an Indo-Aryan ethnolinguistic group speaking the Kashmiri language and originating from the Kashmir Valley region, which is located in Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir.
Leung Ming Kai
Leung Ming Kai (Chinese: 梁銘佳) is a Hong Kong cinematographer and filmmaker. Graduating with a law degree from the University of Hong Kong, Leung proceeded to study filmmaking at Columbia University and debuted as a film cinematographer in Southeast Asia. He subsequently returned to Hong Kong and produced the anthology film Memories to Choke On, Drinks to Wash Them Down (2019), earning Best Screenplay in the 27th Hong Kong Film Critics Society Award. He also cinematographed drama films Drifting (2021) and The Sunny Side of the Street (2022), which garnered him nominations for Best Cinematography in the 58th and 59th Golden Horse Awards respectively. In 2025, Leung won Best Cinematography in the 62nd Golden Horse Awards with Mother Bhumi.

The Sunny Side of the Street (film)
The Sunny Side of the Street (Chinese: 白日青春) is a 2022 Hong Kong drama film written and directed by Lau Kok Rui. The feature debut of Malaysia-born Lau Kok-rui, the film tells the story of a Hong Kong-born Pakistani refugee boy who forms an unexpected bond with a local taxi driver.
Florida Commuter Airlines Flight 65
On September 12, 1980, Florida Commuter Airlines  Flight 65, operating from West Palm Beach, Florida to Freeport, Bahamas, crashed into the Atlantic Ocean near West End Settlement on Grand Bahama Island. The Douglas DC-3A used on the flight was not recovered and all 34 persons on board were killed.

Investigators were unable to determine the cause of the crash, but determined that factors likely contributing to the crash included flight into a thunderstorm, unreliable instruments due to discrepancies in the pitot-static system, and lack of proper operational oversight by airline management.

Pitot–static system
A pitot–static system is a system of pressure-sensitive instruments that is most often used in aviation to determine an aircraft's airspeed, Mach number, altitude, and altitude trend. A pitot–static system generally consists of a pitot tube, a static port, and the pitot–static instruments. Other instruments that might be connected are air data computers, flight data recorders, altitude encoders, cabin pressurization controllers, and various airspeed switches.  Errors in pitot–static system readings can be extremely dangerous as the information obtained from the pitot static system, such as altitude, is potentially safety-critical.  Several commercial airline disasters have been traced to a failure of the pitot–static system.

The Code of Federal Regulations (CFRs) require pitot–static systems installed in US-registered aircraft to be tested and inspected every 24 calendar months.
Pedrazzini family
The Pedrazzini are a Swiss family originally from Campo in the Vallemaggia, attested since the 17th century. Family members were notably active as merchants in Kassel and as politicians in the bailiwicks of Vallemaggia and Locarno.

Vallemaggia District
The Vallemaggia District is a district of the canton of Ticino in Switzerland, bordering the Leventina district to the northwest, the Locarno district to the southeast, and Italy to the west. It encompasses eight municipalities and has a population of 5,952 (as of 31 December 2020). The capital of the district is Cevio. Although it extends over approximately one-fifth of the cantonal territory, only about 2% of the Ticino population lived there in 2000.

The district is traversed by the Maggia and its tributaries Bavona and Rovana, and is characterized by two distinct regions. The Valle Maggia comprises the lower valley and the upper valleys (Rovana Valley, Bavona Valley, and Lavizzara Valley). The lower valley, relatively wide, extends from Avegno to Cavergno with minimal elevation changes. The upper valleys are narrow gorges that open into the main valley at Cevio and Bignasco and are surrounded by imposing mountains.
Tarapacá Province
Tarapacá (Aymara: Tarapaka) was a province in Chile. Ceded to Chile by Peru following the War of the Pacific through the 1883 Treaty of Ancón, it existed from 1884 to 1976. It capital was Iquique.

The Treaty of Ancón, which put an end to the war, was signed on October 20, 1883. The following year, the province was formally created on October 31, incorporating the former Peruvian department of the same name. At the time, the provinces were the first-level administrative divisions of Chile. In 1974, the government of Chile reorganised its administrative organisation, replacing the provinces with regions. Tarapacá was consequently reorganised into a region of the same name, which also incorporated some territory belonging to Antofagasta Province.

Treaty of Ancón
The Treaty of Ancón was a peace treaty signed by Chile and Peru on 20 October 1883, in Ancón, near Lima. It was intended to settle the two nations' remaining territorial differences at the conclusion of their involvement in the War of the Pacific and to stabilise post-bellum relations between them.

Under the treaty's terms, Chile gained control over Tarapacá. Chile was also to retain the conquered provinces of Tacna and Arica for ten years, after which their fate was to be decided by a plebiscite, which was never held. The Tacna–Arica question would only be settled in 1929, through the mediation of the United States under President Herbert Hoover. This treaty, known as the Treaty of Lima, ceded Arica to Chile, while Peru regained Tacna and received USD $6 million indemnity and other concessions.
Brachyclados
Brachyclados is a small genus of South American plants in the tribe Mutisieae tribe within the family Asteraceae.

Species

Brachyclados caespitosus (Phil.) Speg. - southern Argentina (Chubut + Santa Cruz)

Brachyclados lycioides D.Don - Chile (Coquimbo), Argentina (Chubut, Rio Negro, La Pampa, Buenos Aires, Mendoza, Neuquén, San Luis)

Brachyclados megalanthus Speg. - Argentina (Chubut, Rio Negro, La Pampa, Buenos Aires)

formerly included

see Trichocline

Brachyclados stuckertii - Trichocline plicata

Río Negro Province
Río Negro (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈri.o ˈneɣɾo], Black River) is a province of Argentina, located in northern Patagonia. Neighboring provinces are from the south clockwise Chubut, Neuquén, Mendoza, La Pampa and Buenos Aires. To the east lies the Atlantic Ocean.

Its capital is Viedma near the Atlantic outlet of the province's namesake river in the eastern extreme. The largest city is Bariloche in the far west in the Andean foothills. Other important cities include General Roca and Cipolletti.
Bellanagare Bog
The Bellanagare Bog (Irish: Portach Baile an Turlaigh) Special Area of Conservation (or SAC) is a Natura 2000 site in County Roscommon, Ireland. The qualifying interests by which it is protected as an SAC are the presence of three habitat types: the presence of active raised bog (priority habitat), the presence of degraded raised bogs still capable of natural regeneration, and the presence of depressions on peat substrates of Rhynchosporion vegetation.

County Roscommon
County Roscommon (Irish: Contae Ros Comáin) is a county in Ireland. It is part of the province of Connacht and the Northern and Western Region. It is the 11th largest Irish county by area and 26th most populous. Its county town and largest town is Roscommon. Roscommon County Council is the local authority for the county. The population of the county was 70,259 as of the 2022 census.
Dodecahedral-icosahedral honeycomb
In the geometry of hyperbolic 3-space, the dodecahedral-icosahedral honeycomb is a uniform honeycomb, constructed from dodecahedron, icosahedron, and icosidodecahedron cells, in a rhombicosidodecahedron vertex figure.

A geometric honeycomb is a space-filling of polyhedral or higher-dimensional cells, so that there are no gaps. It is an example of the more general mathematical tiling or tessellation in any number of dimensions.

Honeycombs are usually constructed in ordinary Euclidean ("flat") space, like the convex uniform honeycombs. They may also be constructed in non-Euclidean spaces, such as hyperbolic uniform honeycombs.  Any finite uniform polytope can be projected to its circumsphere to form a uniform honeycomb in spherical space.

Icosidodecahedron
In geometry, an icosidodecahedron or pentagonal gyrobirotunda is a polyhedron with twenty (icosi-) triangular faces and twelve (dodeca-) pentagonal faces. An icosidodecahedron has 30 identical vertices, with two triangles and two pentagons meeting at each, and 60 identical edges, each separating a triangle from a pentagon. As such, it is one of the Archimedean solids and more particularly, a quasiregular polyhedron.
Maku, Iran
Maku (Persian: ماكو) is a city in the Central District of Maku County, West Azerbaijan province, Iran, serving as capital of both the county and the district.

Maku is 22 kilometres (14 mi) from the Turkish border in a mountain gorge at an altitude of 1,634 metres. The Zangmar River cuts through the city. The Maku Free Trade and Industrial Zone, which opened in 2011, is Iran's largest and the world's second largest free trade zone, encompassing an area of 5,000 square kilometres.

Foreign direct investment in Iran
Foreign direct investment in Iran (FDI) has been hindered by unfavorable or complex operating requirements and by international sanctions, although in the early 2000s the Iranian government liberalized investment regulations. Iran ranks 62nd in the World Economic Forum's 2011 analysis of the global competitiveness of 142 countries. In 2010, Iran ranked sixth globally in attracting foreign investments.

Foreign investors have concentrated their activity in a few sectors of the economy: the oil and gas industries, vehicle manufacture, copper mining, petrochemicals, foods, and pharmaceuticals. Iran absorbed US$24.3 billion of foreign investment from 1993 to 2007 and US$34.6 billion for 485 projects from 1992 to 2009.

Opening Iran's market place to foreign investment could also be a boon to competitive multinational firms operating in a variety of manufacturing and service sectors, worth $600 billion to $800 billion in new investment opportunities over the next decade.