hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (Monet, Paris)
Le Déjeuner sur l'herbe (English: Luncheon on the Grass) is an 1865–1866 oil-on-canvas painting by Claude Monet, produced in response to the 1863 work of the same title by Édouard Manet. It remains unfinished, but two large fragments (central and left panels) are now in the Musée d'Orsay in Paris, while a smaller 1866 version is now in the Pushkin Museum in Moscow. Monet originally wanted to submit the painting to the Salon of 1866, but he underestimated how long it would take him to transfer his sketches to a life-size canvas, so it remained unfinished by the time of the exhibition.

Monet later offered the large canvas of Déjeuner to his landlord in place of rent. When Monet bought it back from his landlord, it was badly damaged from the damp environment in which it was stored.: 15–17  Monet had to cut it up in order to preserve the non-damaged parts.: 15–17

Pushkin Museum
The Pushkin State Museum of Fine Arts (Russian: Государственный музей изобразительных искусств имени А. С. Пушкина, romanized: Gosudarstvennyy muzey izobrazitel'nykh iskusstv imeni A. S. Pushkina, abbreviated as Russian: ГМИИ, GMII) is the largest museum of European art in Moscow. It is located in Volkhonka street, just opposite the Cathedral of Christ the Saviour. The International musical festival Sviatoslav Richter's December Nights has been held in the Pushkin Museum since 1981.
L'Enfant à la balustrade
L'Enfant à la balustrade (French pronunciation: [lɑ̃fɑ̃ a la balystʁad]) is a novel of manners by René Boylesve that draws heavily on the author's own experiences and is set in a regional context. The story was first published in 1903 in La Renaissance latine as a serialized work comprising four parts, titled Comédie sous la balustrade (Comedy at the Balustrade). It was subsequently released as a book by Calmann-Lévy.

This novel is a sequel to La Becquée, published two years earlier and featuring the same principal characters, most notably the narrator, Riquet Nadaud.

Serial (literature)
In literature, a serial is a printing or publishing format by which a single larger work, often a work of narrative fiction, is published in smaller, sequential installments. The installments are also known as numbers, parts, fascicules or fascicles, and may be released either as separate publications or within sequential issues of a periodical publication, such as a magazine or newspaper.

Serialisation can also begin with a single short story that is subsequently turned into a series.  Historically, such series have been published in periodicals. Popular short-story series are often published together in book form as collections.
Ludgvan
Ludgvan (/ˈlʌdʒən/ LUJ-ən; Cornish: Lujuan) is a civil parish and village in Cornwall, England. It lies 2+1⁄2 miles (4 km) northeast of Penzance. Ludgvan village is split between Churchtown, on the hill, and Lower Quarter to the east, adjoining Crowlas. For the purposes of local government, Ludgvan elects a parish council every four years; the town elects a member to Cornwall Council under the Ludgvan division.

Cornwall Council
Cornwall Council (Cornish: Konsel Kernow [ˈkɔn.sɛl ˈkɛrnɔʊ]), known between 1889 and 2009 as Cornwall County Council (Cornish: Konteth Konsel Kernow), is the local authority for the non-metropolitan county of Cornwall in South West England. Since 2009 it has been a unitary authority, having taken over district-level functions when the county’s districts were abolished. The non-metropolitan county of Cornwall is slightly smaller than the ceremonial county, which additionally includes the Isles of Scilly. The council's headquarters is Lys Kernow (also known as New County Hall) in Truro.

The council has been under no overall control since July 2024. Following the May 2025 election an administration of the Liberal Democrats and independents formed to run the council.
Muvman Liberater
The Muvman Liberater (French: Mouvement Libérateur, lit. 'Liberator Movement') is a left-wing political party in Mauritius that was founded in 2014 by Ivan Collendavelloo, a lawyer and career politician. It was created as a breakaway from the Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM) in protest against MMM leader Paul Berenger's alliance with Prime Minister Navin Ramgoolam's Labour Party. It won seven seats in the 2014 General Election, with the elected MPs being Ivan Collendavelloo, Sangeet Fowdar, Anil Gayan, Ravi Rutna, Anwar Husnoo, Eddy Boissezon and Toolsyraj Benydin.

Muvman Liberater (ML) forms part of the Alliance Morisyen which was re-elected into office at the November 2019 general elections. The alliance (Alliance Morisyen) also includes the Mouvement Militant Mauricien (MSM), Mouvement Alan Ganoo (MAG) and Plateforme Militante (PM).

Collendavelloo has stated his intention to reunify the MMM.

Mauritian Militant Movement
The Mauritian Militant Movement (MMM; French: Mouvement Militant Mauricien; Morisyen: Mouvman Militan Morisien) is a left-wing socialist political party in Mauritius. The party was founded by a group of students in the late 1960s. The MMM advocates a fairer society, without discrimination on the basis of social class, race, community, caste, religion, gender or sexual orientation.

In the general election of 2024, the MMM became the second largest party in the National Assembly of Mauritius with 19 Members of Parliament.
Abul Qasim ibn Mohammed al-Ghassani
Abul Qasim ibn Mohammed ibn Ibrahim al-Wazir al-Ghassani al-Andalusi (Arabic: أبو القاسم بن محمد بن إبراهيم الغساني) (1548–1610), also known as Al-Wazir al-Ghassani, was a prominent Moroccan physician, botanist, and diplomat at the Saadian court during the reigns of Sultan Ahmad al-Mansur and Zidan Abu Maali.

Ahmad al-Mansur
Ahmad al-Mansur (Arabic: أبو العباس أحمد المنصور بالله, romanized: Abū l-ʿAbbās Aḥmad al-Manṣūr biʾllāh; 1549 – 25 August 1603), also known as al-Dhahabī (Arabic: الذهبي, lit. 'the Golden') was the Saadi Sultan of Morocco from 1578 to his death in 1603, the sixth and most famous of all rulers of the Saadis. Ahmad al-Mansur was an important figure in both Europe and Africa in the sixteenth century. His powerful army and strategic location made him an important power player in the late Renaissance period. He has been described as "a man of profound Islamic learning, a lover of books, calligraphy and mathematics, as well as a connoisseur of mystical texts and a lover of scholarly discussions."
Yakima Reds
Yakima Reds was an American soccer team based in Yakima, Washington, United States. Founded in 1995, the team played in the USL Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid, in the Northwest Division of the Western Conference. The franchise folded at the end of the 2010 season and left the league thereafter.

The team played its home games at Marquette Stadium. The team's colors were red and white.

Spokane Shadow
Spokane Shadow is an American soccer team, founded in 1996. The team competed in the National Premier Soccer League as well as the Evergreen Premier League, one of United States Adult Soccer Association's elite amateur leagues. From 1996 to 2005, the team played in the United Soccer Leagues' Premier Development League (PDL), the fourth tier of the American Soccer Pyramid. The men's team folded when the franchise was terminated in 2006 by the PDL after the 10-year-old artificial turf at their home ground, Joe Albi Stadium in Spokane, Washington was declared unsafe for play.

Spokane's place in the Western Conference Northwest Division of the PDL was taken by Tacoma F.C. The team was revived as Spokane Shadow Club Shadow in 2014 as a member of the Evergreen Premier League (EPLWA) and play at Spokane Falls Community College. Beginning with the 2017 season, SSC Shadow also fielded a team in NPSL.
Little Waitress
Little Waitress  is a 1932 British musical film directed by Widgey R. Newman and starring Claude Bailey and Moore Marriott. It was made at Bushey Studios as a quota quickie. A romance occurs between an impoverished tourist and a surprisingly wealthy Germany waitress.

Moore Marriott
George Thomas Moore Marriott (14 September 1885 – 11 December 1949) was an English character actor best remembered for the series of films he made with Will Hay. His first appearance with Hay was in the film Dandy Dick (1935), but he was a significant supporting performer in Hay's films from 1936 to 1940, and while he starred with Hay during this period he played a character called "Harbottle" that was based on a character Marriott usually played. His character Harbottle was originally created by Hay when he used the character in his "The fourth form at St. Michael's" sketches in the 1920s.
Emanuel Handy
Emanuel Handy (December 25, 1839 – December 8, 1922), sometimes recorded as Emmanuel Handy, was an American soldier, constable, farmer, and politician. He served in the Union Army during the American Civil War. He became involved in politics during the Reconstruction Era, serving as a delegate at the 1868 Mississippi Constitutional Convention and sitting in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1870 to 1874.

Mississippi House of Representatives
The Mississippi House of Representatives is the lower house of the Mississippi Legislature, the lawmaking body of the U.S. state of Mississippi, the upper house being the Mississippi Senate. According to the state constitution of 1890, it is to comprise no more than 122 members elected for four-year terms. To qualify as a member of the House, candidates must be at least 21 years old, a resident of Mississippi for at least four years, and a resident in the district for at least two years. Elections are held the first Tuesday after the first Monday in November.
South Atlantic Investment Corporation Building
The South Atlantic Investment Corporation Building was a historic building in Jacksonville, Florida, United States. It was built in 1925 for the South Atlantic Investment Corporation, and was located at 35-39 West Monroe Street. On December 30, 1992, it was added to the U.S. National Register of Historic Places. It was later demolished to construct the current Jacksonville Main Library.

Jacksonville Public Library
The Jacksonville Public Library is the public library system of Jacksonville, Florida, United States. It primarily serves Jacksonville and Duval County merged areas, and is also used by the neighboring Baker, Nassau, Clay, and St. Johns counties. It is one of the largest library systems in Florida, with a collection of over three million items. A division of the city government, the library has the third largest group of city employees, after the city's fire department and sheriff's office. There are twenty-one branches and a main library in the system.
Opalton grasswren
The Opalton grasswren (Amytornis rowleyi) is an insectivorous bird in the family Maluridae. It is found in the Forsyth Range, Queensland, Australia. Formerly considered a sub-species of the striated grasswren (Amytornis striatus rowleyi), then known as the rusty grasswren. It is found around the opal mining area of Opalton and Lark Quarry south of Winton, Western Queensland. It was named as a full species by the I.O.C. in July 2020.

Opalton
Opalton is a outback rural locality in the Shire of Winton, Queensland, Australia. It is known for the Opalton Opal Field, one of the largest and most extensively worked opal deposits in Queensland. In the 2021 census, Opalton had a population of 59 people.
Hiroshi Nemoto
Hiroshi Nemoto (根本 博; June 6, 1891 – May 24, 1966) was a lieutenant general for Japan who served in the Second World War and the Battle of Guningtou. Born in Fukushima Prefecture, he served in the Imperial Japanese Army and the Republic of China Armed Forces. He was awarded the Order of the Golden Kite (3rd Class).

When Japan surrendered in World War II, he served as the commanding officer of the garrison in Mengjiang (modern-day Inner Mongolia). Under the attack of the Soviet Army, he still resisted, protecting 40,000 Japanese nationals stranded near Zhangjiakou in Inner Mongolia.

In 1949 he secretly sailed to Taiwan and served as a personal adviser to Tang Enbo. He assisted in directing the Kinmen campaign in Kinmen and Xiamen. In the end, the Republic of China Armed Forces successfully defeated the People's Liberation Army.

Battle of Guningtou
The Battle of Guningtou (古寧頭之役), also known as the Battle of Kuningtou or the Battle of Kinmen (Chinese: 金門戰役), was fought in October 1949 on the island of Kinmen (Quemoy), located in the Taiwan Strait, during the final stages of the Chinese Civil War.

The battle resulted in a decisive victory for the Republic of China (ROC, known today as Taiwan) forces and marked a significant turning point in the civil war. The defeat of Chinese Communist Party (CCP) forces not only preserved Kinmen under ROC control but also effectively halted CCP plans for an immediate invasion of Taiwan. The victory ensured the survival of the Republic of China government on Taiwan and reshaped the strategic landscape of the Taiwan Strait.
George Richardson (Canadian politician)
George Clough Richardson (December 5, 1916 – June 26, 2000) was a Progressive Conservative party member of the House of Commons of Canada. He was a farmer by trade.

He represented Saskatchewan's Humboldt—Lake Centre electoral district which he won in the 1979 federal election. After serving his only term, the 31st Canadian Parliament, he was defeated in the 1980 federal election by Vic Althouse of the New Democratic Party.

Richardson made two previous unsuccessful attempts to enter Parliament in the 1972 and 1974 federal elections at Regina—Lake Centre electoral district. He died in Saskatoon in 2000.

Vic Althouse
Victor Fredrich "Vic" Althouse (born April 15, 1937, in Wadena, Saskatchewan) is a former Canadian politician. Althouse represented the electoral districts of Humboldt—Lake Centre from 1980 to 1988 and Mackenzie from 1988 to 1997 in the House of Commons of Canada.

He was a member of the New Democratic Party.
John III Sobieski Memorial (Wilanów)
The John III Sobieski Memorial (Polish: Pomnik Jana III Sobieskiego) is a bronze statue in Warsaw, Poland, located in the district of Wilanów, at the intersection of Royal Axis and Sarmacka Streets. It depicts king John III Sobieski, monarch of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth from 1674 to 1696, together with his wife, Marie Casimire d'Arquien, and two dogs. The sculpture was made in 1999 by Edward Jeliński and unveiled on 9 September 2001. It was originally placed at the intersection of Klimczaka and Przyczółkowa Streets, and was moved to its current location in 2013.

Marie Casimire d'Arquien
Marie Casimire Louise de La Grange d'Arquien (Polish: Maria Kazimiera Ludwika d’Arquien, Lithuanian: Marija Kazimiera; 28 June 1641 – 30 January 1716), known also by the diminutive form "Marysieńka", was a French noblewoman who became the queen consort of Poland and grand duchess consort of Lithuania from 1674 to 1696 by her marriage to King and Grand Duke John III Sobieski of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth. She had great influence upon the affairs of state with the approval of her spouse, and acted in effect as regent during his absence.
Elias Solomon
Elias Solomon (2 September 1839 – 23 May 1909) was an Australian politician based in Fremantle. He was Mayor of Fremantle, MLA for South Fremantle, and the first Member for Fremantle in the Australian House of Representatives.

Division of Fremantle
The Division of Fremantle is an Australian electoral division in the state of Western Australia. It is centred on and named after the city of Fremantle, also including Rottnest Island in the Indian Ocean. Since 2016 its MP has been Josh Wilson of the Labor Party.
Rag paper
Rag paper is a category of paper that is made from a pulp of discarded textiles, rope and other fibre products. Rag paper in its various forms was a widely-used paper for most of the past two millennia. Production spread along the Silk Road from its early 2nd-century origin in China to the Islamic world by the 8th century. It was introduced into Christian Europe by the 12th century, and western Europe came to dominate rag production up until the mid-19th century, when rag paper was displaced in favour of far more cost-efficient pulpwood acidic paper.

Rag paper is valued today as a specialty paper for its archival quality and tear resistance compared to wood pulp paper. Modern rag paper is often cotton paper, made from cotton linters, with a usual pH of 6.4 and degree of polymerization of 1481.2.

Paper machine
A paper machine (or  papermachine or paper-making machine) is an industrial machine which is used in the pulp and paper industry
to create paper in large quantities at high speed. Modern paper-making machines are based on the principles of the Fourdrinier Machine, which uses a moving woven mesh to create a continuous paper web by filtering out the fibres held in a paper stock and producing a continuously moving wet mat of fibre. This is dried in the machine to produce a strong paper web.

The basic process is an industrialised version of the historical process of hand paper-making, which could not satisfy the demands of developing modern society for large quantities of a printing and writing substrate. The first modern paper machine was invented by Louis-Nicolas Robert in  France in 1799, and an improved version patented in Britain by Henry and Sealy Fourdrinier in 1806.

The same process is used to produce paperboard on a paperboard machine.
1922 conclave
A conclave was held from 2 to 6 February 1922 to elect a new pope to succeed Benedict XV, who had died on 22 January. Of the 60 eligible cardinal electors, all but seven attended. On the fourteenth ballot, the conclave elected Cardinal Achille Ratti, the archbishop of Milan. After accepting his election, he took the name Pius XI. During his first appearance on the main loggia of St. Peter's Basilica, he gave the traditional Urbi et Orbi ("to the city and to the world") blessing to the people in St. Peter's Square, which his predecessors had abstained from since the capture of Rome by Italy in 1870.

Four non-European cardinals did not participate in the conclave. Three of them arrived too late, and one did not attempt the journey. Three weeks after his election, Pius XI issued rules extending the time between the death of a pope and the start of the conclave in order to increase the likelihood that cardinals from distant locations could participate in the next conclave.

Archdiocese of Milan
The Archdiocese of Milan (Italian: Arcidiocesi di Milano; Latin: Archidioecesis Mediolanensis) is a Latin Church ecclesiastical territory or archdiocese of the Catholic Church in Italy which covers the areas of Milan, Monza, Lecco and Varese. It has long maintained its own Latin liturgical rite usage, the Ambrosian rite, which is still used in the greater part of the diocesan territory. Among its past archbishops, the better known are Ambrose, Charles Borromeo, Pope Pius XI and Pope Paul VI.

The Archdiocese of Milan is the metropolitan see of the ecclesiastical province of Milan, which includes the suffragan dioceses of Bergamo, Brescia, Como, Crema, Cremona, Lodi, Mantova, Pavia, and Vigevano.

Milan's archdiocese is the largest in Europe, and the one having the most priests in the world, with, as of 2021, 2,450 priests living in the diocese, among whom 1,712 are secular priests.
Peral (footballer)
José Suárez González, better known as Peral (10 April 1911 – 28 May 1967) was a Spanish footballer who played as a defender for Real Betis between 1929 and 1944. After retiring, he became a manager, taking over Betis on several occasions throughout the 1940s.

He played a crucial role in the great Betis team of the early 1930s, which reached the 1931 Copa del Rey final, and then won the 1931–32 Segunda División and the 1934–35 La Liga, the only league title in the club's history.

Andrés Aranda
Andrés Aranda Gutiérrez (7 August 1905 – 10 March 1965) was a Spanish footballer who played as a forward for Real Betis, and later a manager, taking charge over Betis and Recreativo de Huelva.

He began his career as a player at Real Betis in 1921, aged 16, remaining there for 13 uninterrupted seasons until the 1933–34 season, being one of the team's most outstanding players during those years, in which they won the Andalusian championship in 1928 and reached the final of the 1931 Copa del Rey against Athletic Bilbao. He was a very versatile player, who covered almost all positions on the field, starting his career as a defender, later moving on to play inside on both sides, even playing as a goalkeeper, always characterized by great dedication.
PLCE1
Phospholipase C epsilon 1 (PLCE1) is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLCE1 gene. This gene encodes a phospholipase enzyme (PLCE1) that catalyzes the hydrolysis of phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate to generate two second messengers: inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate (IP3) and diacylglycerol (DAG). Mutations in this gene cause early-onset nephrotic syndrome and have been associated with respiratory chain deficiency with diffuse mesangial sclerosis.

Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate
Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate or PtdIns(4,5)P2, also known simply as PIP2 or PI(4,5)P2, is a minor phospholipid component of cell membranes. PtdIns(4,5)P2 is enriched at the plasma membrane where it is a substrate for a number of important signaling proteins. PIP2 also forms lipid clusters that sort proteins.

PIP2 is formed primarily by the type I phosphatidylinositol 4-phosphate 5-kinases from PI(4)P. In metazoans, PIP2 can also be formed by type II phosphatidylinositol 5-phosphate 4-kinases from PI(5)P.

The fatty acids of PIP2 are variable in different species and tissues, but the most common fatty acids are stearic in position 1 and arachidonic in 2.
Matt Koch
Matthew David Koch (born November 2, 1990) is an American professional baseball pitcher. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Arizona Diamondbacks, Seattle Mariners, and Colorado Rockies, and in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Tokyo Yakult Swallows.

Tokyo Yakult Swallows
The Tokyo Yakult Swallows (Japanese: 東京ヤクルトスワローズ, Hepburn: Tōkyō Yakuruto Suwarōzu) are a Japanese professional baseball team competing in Nippon Professional Baseball's Central League. Based in Shinjuku, Tokyo, they are one of two professional baseball teams in Tokyo, the other being the Yomiuri Giants. They have won nine Central League championships and six Japan Series championships. Since 1964, they have played their home games at Meiji Jingu Stadium.

The Swallows are named after their corporate owners, Yakult Honsha. From 1950 to 1965, the team was owned by the former Japanese National Railways (known as Kokutetsu (国鉄) in Japanese) and called the Kokutetsu Swallows; the team was then owned by the newspaper Sankei Shimbun from 1965 to 1968 and called the Sankei Atoms. Yakult purchased the team in 1970 and renamed it the Yakult Atoms, before renaming it again as the Yakult Swallows in 1974, and then the Tokyo Yakult Swallows in 2006.
Rowing at the 1972 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed pair
The men's coxed pair competition at the 1972 Summer Olympics in Munich took place from 27 August to 2 September at the Olympic Regatta Course in Oberschleißheim. There were 21 boats (63 competitors) from 21 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by East German crew Wolfgang Gunkel, Jörg Lucke, and coxswain Klaus-Dieter Neubert; it was the first medal in the event for East Germany as a separate nation. Czechoslovakia (silver) and Romania (bronze) also won their first medals in the men's coxed pair.

Wolfgang Gunkel
Wolfgang Gunkel (15 January 1948 – 20 May 2020) was an East German rower who mostly competed in coxed pairs together with Jörg Lucke. In this event he won the European title in 1971, the Olympic gold medal in 1972, and the world title in 1975. His crew placed fourth at the 1968 Olympics. Gunkel won another world title in the men's eight in 1977. In February 1978, he was given the sports awards Honoured Master of Sports.

In the early 1970s, he married fellow international rower Renate Boesler.