hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
2024 United States secretary of state elections
The 2024 United States Secretary of State elections were held on November 5, 2024, to elect the Secretaries of State in seven states. These elections took place concurrently with several other federal, state, and local elections.

The elections for Secretary of State had taken on heightened importance due to former President Donald Trump's claims that the 2020 election was stolen.

The previous elections for this group of states took place in 2020. The secretary of state of Vermont serves two-year terms and was last elected in 2022.

Going into the election, there were 19 elected Republican secretaries of state and 16 elected Democratic secretaries of state. 4 Democratic secretaries of state were up for election, of whom LaVonne Griffin-Valade of Oregon retired. 3 Republican secretaries of state were up for election, of whom Jay Ashcroft of Missouri and Mac Warner of West Virginia retired.

Jay Ashcroft
John Robert "Jay" Ashcroft (born July 12, 1973) is an American attorney and politician who served as the 40th secretary of state of Missouri from 2017 to 2025. A member of the Republican Party, he is the son of former United States Attorney General John Ashcroft.

As Missouri Secretary of State, Ashcroft pushed for stricter voter identification laws, fought against ballot initiatives, supported an investigation into former Missouri Attorney General Josh Hawley, and restricted library services for minors.

Ashcroft was a candidate in the 2024 Missouri gubernatorial election, but came in third place in the primary against State Senator Bill Eigel and Lt. Governor Mike Kehoe.
De ludo scachorum
De ludo scachorum ('On the Game of Chess'), also known as Schifanoia ('the "Boredom Dodger"'), is a Latin-language manuscript on the game of chess written around 1500 by Luca Pacioli, a leading mathematician of the Renaissance. Created in the times when rules of the game (especially the way queen and bishop move) were evolving to the ones known today, the manuscript contains over a hundred chess problems, to be solved – depending on the problem – using either the old or the modern rules.

The long-lost manuscript was rediscovered in 2006 and gathered public attention in 2008, following the plausible suggestion that the chess pieces in its illustrations were designed or perhaps even drawn by Leonardo da Vinci.

Chess piece
A chess piece, or chessman, is a game piece that is placed on a chessboard to play the game of chess. It can be either white or black, and it can be one of six types: king, queen, rook, bishop, knight, or pawn.

Chess sets generally come with sixteen pieces of each color. Additional pieces, usually an extra queen per color, may be provided for use in promotion or handicap games.
Vicharana
Vicharana (Trial) is a 1988 Malayalam film written by A. K. Lohithadas and directed by Sibi Malayil. The film stars Mammootty, Sobhana, Nedumudi Venu, Seema, Mukesh, Jagathy Sreekumar and Prathapachandran.

Prathapachandran
Prathapachandran (1941–2004) was an Indian actor, who worked predominantly in  Malayalam film industry, though he acted in a few Tamil and Telugu movies as well. He is known for the portrayal of villainous and character roles in over 300 movies. He was born in 1941 at Omallur in Thiruvithamkoor princely state, currently within the Pathanamthitta District, Kerala.
Choy Yiu Chung
Choy Yiu Chung (Chinese: 蔡耀忠; born 1 March 1961) is a Hong Kong former cyclist and coach. He competed in the individual road race and the team time trial events at the 1984 Summer Olympics. He did not finish in the individual road race. He received a bronze medal at the Asian Cycling Championships in 1985. Around 1994, Choy became the head coach of the Hong Kong national cycling team.

Cycling at the 1984 Summer Olympics – Men's team time trial
The men's team time trial cycling event at the 1984 Summer Olympics took place on 5 August and was one of eight cycling events at the 1984 Olympics. The qualification and quarter finals were on 2 August and the semi-finals and finals on 3 August.

The Italian team recorded a dominant victory by winning by 4:10 over Switzerland. The Italian team was one of the first teams to use modern carbon-fiber disc wheels, which are now commonly used in time trials. Their time of 1h 58:28 was the fastest time ever recorded over 100 km in a team time trial, and would have been faster without a flat tire that cost them 20 seconds to change the wheel. The venue was a 15½-mile stretch of the Artesia Freeway.
Jim Clark (ice hockey)
Jim Clark (born 1954) is currently a professional scout for the Colorado Avalanche as of the 2024 season and previously the director of professional scouting for the Ottawa Senators since 2014. Prior to his appointment, Clark scouted for the Detroit Red Wings from 1990 to 1993 and the Florida Panthers from 1996 to 1998. Apart from scouting, Clark was the interim general manager for the Columbus Blue Jackets from April 2007 to June 2007 and the assistant general manager since 2000. Outside of the National Hockey League, Clark held coaching positions with the Summerside Western Capitals during the 1980s. With the Island Junior Hockey League team, Clark primarily worked as a general manager while also working as an assistant coach and head coach for Summerside.

Summerside Western Capitals
The Summerside Western Capitals are a junior ice hockey franchise of the Maritime Junior Hockey League (MHL) based in Summerside, Prince Edward Island. The club plays its home games at the Credit Union Place in Summerside.
2023 Tri-Nation Series (India)
The 2023 Hero Tri-Nation Series (also 2023 Hero Tri-Nation International Football Tournament) was the second edition of the Tri-Nation Series, a 3-team association football tournament held at the Khuman Lampak Main Stadium in the Indian city of Imphal between the 22nd and 28th of March 2023. The tournament was organized by the AIFF as part of the senior men team's preparation for 2023 AFC Asian Cup. India won the tournament with a 2–0 win over Kyrgyzstan on the final matchday.

Kyrgyzstan national football team
The Kyrgyzstan national football team (Kyrgyz: Кыргыз Республикасынын улуттук курама командасы; Russian: Сборная Кыргызской Республики по футболу), officially recognised by FIFA and AFC as Kyrgyz Republic, represents Kyrgyzstan in international football and is controlled by the Kyrgyz Football Union, a member of the Asian Football Confederation (AFC) and Central Asian Football Association.
Ted Young (journalist)
Ted Young (born 1961) is a British journalist and former editor of Metro.
He is currently an editorial director at Cover Media and is also on the complaints committee of the 
Independent Press Standards Organisation (IPSO).

Young stepped down as editor of Metro in March 2023, after being appointed to the role in 2014. Earlier in his career he was night editor for The Sun, editor of London Lite, editor of MailOnline and online editor of the New York Daily News.

London Lite
London Lite was the trading name of a British free daily newspaper, published by Associated Newspapers (part of Daily Mail and General Trust), and now defunct. It was available Monday to Friday afternoons and evenings from street distributors in Central London only. On 27 October 2009, Associated Newspapers announced that it had entered into negotiation with staff over the future of the paper. The last edition was published on Friday, 13 November 2009, a date chosen by staff for its swan song.
Stellify Media
Stellify Media is a Northern Irish television production company. Stellify was formed by Kieran Doherty and Matthew Worthy as a joint venture with Sony Pictures Television through its International Production division.

Stellify are best known for successfully rebooting the UK version of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? with Jeremy Clarkson for ITV, and Blind Date with Paul O'Grady for Channel 5.

Sony Pictures Television
Sony Pictures Television Inc. (abbreviated as SPT) is an American television production and distribution studio and the television arm of Sony Pictures Entertainment, the film studio subsidiary of Sony Group Corporation. Established on September 16, 2002 and based at the Sony Pictures Studios complex in Culver City, California, it is a renaming of the Columbia TriStar Television studio and the fourth and current iteration of what had originated as Columbia Pictures's television studio, Screen Gems.
1980 Australian Film Institute Awards
The 22nd Australian Film Institute Awards ceremony, presented by the Australian Film Institute (AFI), honoured the best Australian feature films of 1980, and took place on 17 September 1980 at Regent Theatre, in Sydney, New South Wales.  The ceremony was hosted by Graham Kennedy and televised in Australia on ABC.

Breaker Morant was nominated for thirteen awards and won ten, in all categories it was nominated for, including Best Film and Best Direction for Bruce Beresford. Other winners with two were Hard Knocks, and Manganinnie and ...Maybe This Time with one.

When the Australian Film Institute established the Australian Academy of Cinema and Television Arts (AACTA) in 2011, the awards became known as the AACTA Awards.

Maybe This Time (1980 film)
...Maybe This Time is a 1980 Australian feature film starring Bill Hunter, Mike Preston, Ken Shorter and Judy Morris. It was the first feature directed by Chris McGill.

It was the feature film debut of stage/TV actor Jill Perryman.
Battle of Chelsea Creek
The Battle of Chelsea Creek was the second military engagement of the Boston campaign of the American Revolutionary War. It is also known as the Battle of Noddle's Island, Battle of Hog Island and the Battle of the Chelsea Estuary. This battle was fought on May 27 and 28, 1775,  on Chelsea Creek and on salt marshes, mudflats, and islands of Boston Harbor, northeast of the Boston peninsula. Most of these areas have since been united with the mainland by land reclamation and are now part of East Boston, Chelsea, Winthrop, and Revere.

The American colonists met their goal of strengthening the siege of Boston by removing livestock and hay on those islands from the reach of the British regulars. The British armed schooner Diana was also destroyed and its weaponry was appropriated by the Colonial side. This was the first naval capture of the war, and it was a significant boost to the morale of the Colonial forces.

Boston Harbor
Boston Harbor is a natural harbor and estuary of Massachusetts Bay, located adjacent to Boston, Massachusetts. It is home to the Port of Boston, a major shipping facility in the Northeastern United States.

The harbor was the site of the Boston Tea Party, a major 1773 event in the American Revolution.
David Depetris
David Alberto Depetris (born 11 November 1988) is a professional footballer who plays as a forward for club MŠK Považská Bystrica in the Slovak second division. Born in Argentina, he played for the Slovakia national team.

He started his European career in Slovak First League club AS Trenčín.

AS Trenčín
AS Trenčín (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈaː ˈes ˈtrentʂiːn] ⓘ) is a Slovak sports club in the town of Trenčín, most known for its football department. The football team currently plays in the Slovak First Football League, since they were the champions of the 2010–11 Slovak First League. The club plays its home games at the Štadión na Sihoti with a capacity of 10,000 spectators. They are two-time champions of the Slovak First Football League.
Lionel Whitby
Brigadier Sir Lionel Ernest Howard Whitby, CVO, MC (8 May 1895 – 24 November 1956) was a British haematologist, British Army officer and academic. He served as Regius Professor of Physic at the University of Cambridge from 1945 to 1956, Master of Downing College, Cambridge from 1947 to 1956, and Vice-Chancellor of the University of Cambridge from 1951 to 1953.

Downing College, Cambridge
Downing College is a constituent college of the University of Cambridge and currently has around 950 students. Founded in 1800, it was the only college to be added to the university between 1596 and 1869, and is often described as the oldest of the new colleges and the newest of the old. Downing College was formed "for the encouragement of the study of Law and Medicine and of the cognate subjects of Moral and Natural Science", and has developed a reputation amongst Cambridge colleges for Law and Medicine.

In 2012, Downing was named one of the two most eco-friendly Cambridge colleges.
Valentine Collard
Rear-Admiral Valentine Collard (c. 1770 – 18 March 1846) was a Royal Navy officer of the early nineteenth century who is best known for his service in the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars. Born into a naval family, Collard served at numerous engagements of the wars, including the Siege of Toulon, operations against Corsica, the Battle of Cape St Vincent, the Siege of Genoa, the Battle of Copenhagen and numerous smaller actions off the Netherlands, Egypt and in the Baltic Sea. His last active service came in 1810, after which he retired to Teddington in Middlesex. In his later years he suffered severe ill-health and the loss of his first and second wives, leading him to commit suicide.

Battle of Cape St. Vincent (1797)
The Battle of Cape St. Vincent was a fleet action fought on 14 February 1797 between the British and Spanish navies off Cape St. Vincent as part of the War of the First Coalition. In one of the opening battles of the recently declared war between Britain and Spain, a British fleet under Admiral Sir John Jervis defeated a larger Spanish fleet under Admiral José de Córdoba y Ramos. The British victory helped to secure Britain's access to the Mediterranean; Jervis and his officers were rewarded for their actions, while Córdoba was dismissed from the Spanish navy and forbidden from appearing at court.
Andrew M. Butler
Andrew M. Butler (1970-) is a British academic who teaches film, media and cultural studies at Canterbury Christ Church University. He is a former editor of Vector, the critical journal of the British Science Fiction Association, and was membership secretary of the Science Fiction Foundation. He is a former Arthur C. Clarke Award judge and is now a member of the Serendip Foundation which administers the award.

He has published widely on science fiction and, less often, fantasy, in journals such as Foundation, Science Fiction Studies, Vector and The Lion and the Unicorn. His interests include Philip K. Dick, Terry Pratchett, Jeff Noon, Iain Banks, Ken MacLeod, Christopher Priest and Philip Pullman. An article for Science Fiction Studies, "Thirteen ways of looking at the British Boom" won the SFRA Pioneer Award in 2004.

Terry Pratchett: Guilty of Literature, co-edited with Edward James and Farah Mendlesohn was nominated for a Hugo Award

Edward James (historian)
Edward Frederick James (born 14 May 1947) is a British scholar of early medieval history, and science fiction. Edward James retired in 2012 and is Emeritus Professor of Medieval History at University College, Dublin.
NBA 5 United Tour
The NBA 5 United Tour is a 5-on-5 tournament played by amateur teams who sign up for the occasion. It is a competition, entertainment and marketing activity promoted by the NBA in Europe. The NBA 5 United Tour was a tour organized by Adidas and other brands for the exhibition of basketball, streetball, dunk contests, where active NBA athletes have participated as guests. It has been held in major cities such as Madrid, Barcelona, Moscow, Rome, Paris, Milan, Istanbul, London, Athens, among others. Some of the athletes who have been invited are A C Green, Derrick Williams, Josh Smith, Dwight Howard, Jrue Holiday, Nikola Peković, Corey Brewer, Muggsy Bogues, Desmond Jump and Al Horford.

The first season was held in 2009. It would be discontinued in 2011, and rebooted as NBA 3X from 2015 on Spain.

Corey Brewer
Corey Wayne Brewer (born March 5, 1986) is an American former professional basketball player who serves as an assistant coach for the New Orleans Pelicans. He played college basketball for the Florida Gators, winning back-to-back NCAA national championships in 2006 and 2007. He was named Most Outstanding Player of the 2007 NCAA tournament.

In 2007, Brewer was drafted by the Minnesota Timberwolves and went on to have a 13-year NBA career.
Texas land survey system
Texas, along with the original thirteen states and several others in the Southwest which were originally deeded with Spanish land grants, does not use the Public Land Survey System (also known as the Section Township Range and the Jeffersonian System). Land grants from the state of Texas to railroad companies were often patented in blocks and sections, and occasionally in units of square miles, officially considered sections.

The Texas Land Survey System is often measured in Spanish Customary Units. The most important of these is the vara, which, while ambiguous in the past, was legally established to be exactly 33+1⁄3 inches (846.67 mm) long in June 1919.

The subdivision levels in Texas are as follows:

Spanish units of measurement
There are a number of Spanish units of measurement of length or area that are now virtually obsolete due to metrication. They include the vara, the cordel, the league and the labor. The units of area used to express the area of land are still encountered in some transactions in land today.
Eucalyptus luculenta
Eucalyptus luculenta is a species of mallee that is endemic to a small area on the south coast of Western Australia. It has smooth bark, lance-shaped to egg-shaped leaves, flower buds in groups of seven, pale yellow to white flowers and cup-shaped, barrel-shaped or cylindrical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
Obioma Nwaorgu
Obioma Nwaorgu (born 1948) is a Nigerian parasitologist and epidemiologist. She is an emeritus professor of Nnamdi Azikiwe University (formerly known as Anambra State University of Technology, and then was split from Enugu State University of Science and Technology). She was educated at the University of Nigeria and University of Cambridge. Nwaorgu is remembered for her research and initiatives to eradicate the parasites associated with Guinea worm disease, malaria, river blindness, and snail fever. She was the lead researcher on twelve tropical disease research projects sponsored by the World Health Organization. Nwaorgu also was the founder and president of the NGO Global Health and Awareness Research Foundation (GHARF), which provided health education and empowerment training for women and youth. She became a fellow of the Nigerian Academy of Science in 2011, and is also a fellow of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene of London.

Nnamdi Azikiwe University
Nnamdi Azikiwe University (listernⓘ) (UNIZIK) is a Nigerian federal university in Awka, Anambra State. It has two main campuses; one in Awka and the other in Nnewi. Other campuses location include Agulu and Ifite-Ogwuari.

Formerly called Anambra State University of Technology, Nnamdi Azikiwe University was renamed in honour of Nnamdi Azikiwe. It is accredited by the National Universities Commission and the academic staff by the Academic Staff Union of Universities.
Marston Green railway station
Marston Green railway station is a station serving Chelmsley Wood and Marston Green in the Metropolitan Borough of Solihull and the Birmingham suburbs of Lea Hall and Sheldon in the West Midlands County, England. The station, and all trains serving it, are operated by West Midlands Trains.

Rugeley Trent Valley railway station
Rugeley Trent Valley is a railway station serving both the village of Colton and the town of Rugeley, in Staffordshire, England. It is one of two stations serving the town, with the other being Rugeley Town. It is situated on the eastern side of the town, near to the Rugeley Trent Valley Trading Estate, and is located close to the River Trent. West Midlands Trains operates the station and all trains serving it.

It is a minor station on the Trent Valley section of the West Coast Main Line. It is also the terminus of the Chase Line from Birmingham and Walsall.
Alexander Ødegaard
Alexander Ødegaard (born 13 September 1980) is a Norwegian former footballer. He played four times for the Norwegian national team, scoring one goal, and has played professionally for Sogndal, Rosenborg, Viking and  French club Metz.

Viking FK
Viking Fotballklubb, commonly known as Viking or Viking Stavanger internationally, is a Norwegian professional football club from the city of Stavanger. The club was founded in 1899. It is one of the most successful clubs in Norwegian football, having won 9 Norwegian top division titles, most recently in 2025, and 6 domestic Norwegian Cup titles, most recently in 2019. The club has played more top-flight league games than any other club in Norway. It has played in the top division since the league was established, except for the years 1966–67, 1987–88 and 2018. Notable European successes include knocking English side Chelsea out of the UEFA Cup during the 2002–03 season, knocking out Sporting CP from the same tournament in 1999–2000, and qualifying for the group stages of the 2005–06 UEFA Cup.
Multishow
Multishow is an entertainment channel owned by Canais Globo, Grupo Globo's cable and satellite television channel operator. It was launched in 1991, as one of the company's first four channels (with Telecine, Top Sport – now SporTV – and GNT). A high-definition simulcast was launched on 15 December 2012, at 11:59 pm Brazilian Summer Time (UTC-02), with a live telecast of a Rolling Stones concert at the Prudential Center.

SporTV
SporTV is a Brazilian pay television sports network owned by Canais Globo, part of Grupo Globo, launched in 1991. It is the most watched sports network in Brazil.

On 18 January 2013, were launched High-definition simulcasts of SporTV and SporTV 2. Before that, select events were broadcast in HD on sister channel Globosat HD (now Modo Viagem). In 2013, SporTV was the 3rd most watched channel on Brazilian pay television, the first among sports channels. SporTV 2 was the 19th, and SporTV 3 was the 39th most watched channel.
Gyani
A gyani or giani (Punjabi: ਗਿਆਨੀ (Gurmukhi)) is an honorific Sikh title used by someone learned in Sikhism and who often leads the congregation in prayers, such as Ardas, or in singing (kirtan). The word gyan means "knowledge" in Punjabi, being a derivative of the Sanskrit word jnana. So a "gyani" is one who has spiritual and religious knowledge and can help the congregation, the Sadh Sangat, in understanding the Sacred Texts and the history of the religion.

Gurmukhi
Gurmukhī (Punjabi: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ [ˈɡʊɾᵊmʊkʰiː], Shahmukhi: گُرمُکھی) is an abugida developed from the Laṇḍā scripts, standardized and used by the second Sikh guru, Guru Angad (1504–1552). Commonly regarded as a Sikh script, Gurmukhi is used in Punjab, India as the official script of the Punjabi language.

The primary scripture of Sikhism, the Guru Granth Sahib, is written in Gurmukhī, in various dialects and languages often subsumed under the generic title Sant Bhasha or "saint language", in addition to other languages like Persian and various phases of Indo-Aryan languages.

Modern Gurmukhī has thirty-five original letters, hence its common alternative term paintī or "the thirty-five", plus six additional consonants, nine vowel diacritics, two diacritics for nasal sounds, one diacritic that geminates consonants and three subscript characters.