hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alec Garnett
Alec Garnett is an American politician and a former Democratic member of the Colorado House of Representatives and the former Speaker of the House. He represented District 2, which covered a portion of the city of Denver. He was first elected in 2014 to replace retiring House Speaker Mark Ferrandino. In November 2020, Garnett's colleagues elected him to serve as speaker of the Colorado House of Representatives for the two-year term beginning in January 2021. From January 2023 to September 2024, he served as Governor Jared Polis' chief of staff.

Mark Ferrandino
Mark Steven Ferrandino (born August 9, 1977) is a former legislator in the U.S. state of Colorado and former Speaker of the Colorado House of Representatives. Appointed to the legislature in 2007, Ferrandino represented House District 2, encompassing south central Denver from 2012 to 2014. He is the first openly gay male legislator in Colorado history. He did not seek re-election in 2014, and was the chief financial officer of Denver Public Schools. On November 19, 2020, Colorado Governor Jared Polis appointed Ferrandino to serve as executive director of the Colorado Department of Revenue. He served in the position until July 2023, when the governor named him director of the Office of State Planning and Budgeting.
Animals (South Korean TV program)
Animals (Korean: 애니멀즈) is a South Korean reality-variety show; a part of MBC's Sunday Night lineup, along with Real Men. It first aired on January 25, 2015 replacing Dad! Where Are We Going?. It features eleven celebrities who experience living with a variety of animals in an area created for the show called Animal Town. On March 16, 2015, MBC confirmed that the show would be cancelled after 3 months due to low ratings. The show ended on March 29, 2015 and was replaced by King of Mask Singer.

Real Man (TV series)
Real Man (Korean: 진짜 사나이; RR: Jinjja sanai) is a South Korean variety show featuring eight male celebrities as they experience life in the military, which is mandatory for all mentally sound and able-bodied Korean men for two years. The show debuted on MBC on April 14, 2013, as part of the Sunday Night programming block. The last episode of season 2 aired on November 27, 2016.

The original cast members were Kim Soo-ro, Mir, Ryu Soo-young, Sam Hammington, Seo Kyung-suk and Son Jin-young. Jang Hyuk and Park Hyung-sik later joined the cast.

Mir left the show in June 2013. Ryu Soo-young, Son Jin-young and Jang Hyuk left the show in February 2014 and were replaced by Chun Jung-myung, Park Gun-hyung, K.Will, and Henry Lau.

A spin-off of this program called Real Man 300 began to air every Friday at 21:50 (KST) starting from September 21, 2018.

On 30 July 2023, A Malaysian version Real Man called Real Man Malaysia: Wira Merah, aired on Astro Ria.
Sanmilita Gana Shakti
The Sanmilita Gana Shakti (SGS) is a regional political party in the Indian state of Assam. It was founded in 2005 as part of anti-dam movements among the Mising people. Founder Ranoj Pegu joined the Bharatiya Janata Party in 2017, and was included in the Himanta Biswa Sarma-led National Democratic Alliance government of Assam. The party is led by Paramananda Chayengia, who is the chief executive councilor of the Mising Autonomous Council.

Ranoj Pegu
Ranoj Pegu (born 12 February 1962) is an Indian politician serving as the Minister of Education, Welfare of Plain Tribe & Backward Classes (non-BTC) of Assam. He is a member of the Assam Legislative Assembly from the Dhemaji constituency. On May 10, 2021, Ranoj took oath as the Minister of Education Welfare of Plain Tribe & Backward Classes (non-BTC).
Copper Peak
Copper Peak is a ski flying hill designed by Lauren Larsen and located near Ironwood, Michigan, United States. It was built in 1969 and inaugurated one year later. The site was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973 and designated a Michigan State Historic Site in 1971. The site is currently used as a summer tourist attraction.

Ironwood, Michigan
Ironwood is a city in Gogebic County in the Upper Peninsula of the U.S. state of Michigan, about 18 miles (29 km) south of Lake Superior. The city is on US Highway 2 across the Montreal River from Hurley, Wisconsin.  It is the westernmost city in Michigan, situated on the same line of longitude (90.2 degrees West) as Clinton, Iowa and St. Louis, Missouri. The population was 5,045 at the 2020 census, down from 5,387 at the 2010 census.  The city is bordered by Ironwood Township to the north, but the two are administered autonomously.

While originally an iron mining town, the area is now known for its downhill skiing resorts, including Big Powderhorn, Snowriver, Mount Zion and Whitecap as well as its cross country skiing at the Wolverine Nordic Trail System and the ABR Nordic Center.

Ironwood is home of the "World's Tallest Indian," a 52 ft (15.8 m) fiberglass statue of tribal leader Hiawatha.
Trent Parke
Trent Parke is an Australian photographer. He is the husband of Narelle Autio, with whom he often collaborates. He has created a number of photography books; won numerous national and international awards including four World Press Photo awards; and his photographs are held in numerous public and private collections. He is a member of Magnum Photos.

Magnum Photos
Magnum Photos is an international photographic cooperative owned by its photographer-members, with offices in Paris, New York City and London. It was founded in 1947 in Paris by photographers Robert Capa, David "Chim" Seymour, Maria Eisner, Henri Cartier-Bresson, George Rodger, William Vandivert, and Rita Vandivert. Its photographers retain all copyrights to their own work.

In 2010, MSD Capital acquired a collection of nearly 200,000 original press prints of images taken by Magnum photographers, which in 2013 it donated to the Harry Ransom Center.
Little White Lies (2010 film)
Little White Lies (French: Les Petits Mouchoirs) is a 2010 French comedy-drama film written and directed by Guillaume Canet. The ensemble cast stars François Cluzet, Marion Cotillard, Benoît Magimel, Gilles Lellouche, Jean Dujardin, Laurent Lafitte, Valérie Bonneton and Pascale Arbillot. It was released theatrically in France by EuropaCorp on 20 October 2010. The film grossed $53.3 million worldwide on a $17.6 million budget; selling 6.4 million tickets in Europe, with 5.2 million tickets sold in France. A sequel titled Little White Lies 2 was released in 2019.

Laurent Lafitte
Laurent Lafitte (born 22 August 1973) is a French actor. He is known for playing the role of Patrick in Elle. In March 2016 he was named as the host of the opening and closing ceremonies at the 2016 Cannes Film Festival.  In 2023 he starred in the Netflix mini-series Class Act (original name "Tapie") as the French businessman and politician Bernard Tapie.
Volcán Atitlán
Volcán Atitlán (Spanish pronunciation: [atiˈtlan]) is a large, conical, active stratovolcano adjacent to the caldera of Lake Atitlán in the Guatemalan Highlands of the Sierra Madre de Chiapas range. It is within the Sololá Department, in southwestern Guatemala.

The volcano has been quite active historically, with more than a dozen eruptions recorded between 1469 and 1853, the date of its most recent eruption. Atitlán is part of the Central American Volcanic Arc. The arc is a chain of volcanoes stretching along Central America formed by subduction of the Cocos Plate underneath the Caribbean Plate. These volcanoes are part of the Ring of Fire around the Pacific Ocean.

Volcán Atitlán is a few miles south of Volcán Tolimán, which rises from the southern shore of Lake Atitlán. Volcán San Pedro rises above Lake Atitlán northwest of Volcán Atitlán. A long narrow bay separates Volcán Atitlán and Volcán Toliman from Volcán San Pedro.

Tolimán (volcano)
Tolimán, also known as Volcán Tolimán, is a stratovolcano in Guatemala, on the southern shores of Lake Atitlán. Part of the Sierra Madre mountain range, the volcano has an elevation of 3,158 m (10,361 ft) and was formed near the southern margin of the Pleistocene Atitlán III caldera. The top of the volcano has a shallow crater and its flanks are covered with the thick remains of ancient lava flows that emerged from vents in the volcano's flanks.
Inari Shingyō
The Inari Shingyō (稲荷心経; lit. "Inari Heart Sutra") is an apocryphal sutra compiled in Japan and recited as a form of worship to the kami Inari.

Before the Meiji period, Buddhism and Shinto in Japan were not mutually exclusive religions, which allowed the recitation of this text to become an established practice at shrines such as Fushimi Inari-taisha.

Heart Sutra
The Heart Sūtra is a popular sūtra in Mahāyāna Buddhism. In Sanskrit, the title Prajñāpāramitāhṛdaya translates as "The Heart of the Perfection of Wisdom". It is traditionally associated with the Bodhisattva  Avalokiteśvara (commonly known in East Asian Buddhism as Guanyin), who is the interlocutor of the sūtra.

The sūtra famously states, "Form is emptiness (śūnyatā), emptiness is form." It has been called "the most frequently used and recited text in the entire Mahayana Buddhist tradition." The text has been translated into English dozens of times from Chinese, Sanskrit, and Tibetan, as well as other source languages.
The Great Deceiver (band)
The Great Deceiver is a band that featured late At the Gates frontman Tomas Lindberg, formed in 1998. Their music is a mixture of hardcore punk and heavy metal. The band was originally called Hide, and was formed in the week after At the Gates split up. A couple of years later, they changed the name to The Great Deceiver.

At the Gates
At the Gates is a Swedish melodic death metal band from Gothenburg, formed in 1990. The band was a major progenitor of the mid-90s Gothenburg Sound alongside Dark Tranquillity and In Flames. Prior to their first disbandment in 1996, At the Gates released four albums, with the last being Slaughter of the Soul (1995). The album has been seen as a landmark in the mid-1990s Swedish death metal scene. After reuniting in 2007, for what was initially a one-off tour in 2008, the band continued performing and released three additional studio albums: At War with Reality (2014), To Drink from the Night Itself (2018) and The Nightmare of Being (2021).
Stanage Edge
Stanage Edge, or simply Stanage (from "stone edge") is a gritstone escarpment in the Peak District, England, famous as a location for climbing. It lies a couple of miles to the north of Hathersage, and the northern part of the edge forms the border between the High Peak of Derbyshire and Sheffield in South Yorkshire. Its highest point is High Neb at 458 metres (1,503 ft) above sea level. Areas of Stanage were quarried in the past to produce grindstones, and some can still be seen on the hillside—carved, but never removed.

Escarpment
An escarpment is a steep slope or long cliff that forms as a result of faulting or erosion and separates two relatively level areas having different elevations.

Similarity causes  the term scarp to be incorrectly used interchangeably with escarpment, which refers to the margin between two landforms as opposed to scarp, which refers to a cliff or a steep slope. In this usage, an escarpment is a ridge that has a gentle slope on one side and a steep scarp on the other side.

More loosely, the term scarp also describes a zone between a coastal lowland and a continental plateau that shows a marked, abrupt change in elevation caused by coastal erosion at the base of the plateau.
Treasury Regulation 1.183-2
Treasury Regulation 1.183-2 is a Treasury Regulation in the United States, outlining the taxes owed from income deriving from non-business, non-investment activity. Expenses relating to for profit activities, such as business and investment activities, are generally tax deductible under sections 162 and 212, respectively, of the Internal Revenue Code.  However, expenses relating to not for profit activities, such as hobbies, are generally not tax deductible.

Internal Revenue Code
The Internal Revenue Code of 1986 (IRC), is the domestic portion of federal statutory tax law in the United States. It is codified in statute as Title 26 of the United States Code. The IRC is organized topically into subtitles and sections, covering federal income tax in the United States, payroll taxes, estate taxes, gift taxes, and excise taxes; as well as procedure and administration. The Code's implementing federal agency is the Internal Revenue Service.
The Fatal Card
The Fatal Card is a 1915 American drama silent film directed by James Kirkwood, Sr., adapted from the 1884 London play of the same name by Charles Haddon Chambers and B. C. Stephenson. The film stars John Mason, Hazel Dawn, Russell Bassett, Helen Weir, David Powell and William J. Ferguson. The film was released on September 30, 1915, by Paramount Pictures.

Russell Bassett
Russell Bassett (October 24, 1845 – May 8, 1918) was an American stage and film actor. He appeared in 76 silent films between 1911 and 1918.

Bassett was born in Milwaukee, Wisconsin, but he moved to Oakland, California at age 3 when his father became a miner. He attended the now-defunct Brayton College in Oakland, and that was where he gained his initial acting experience.

Bassett gained early acting experience in stock theater with the Hooley Stock Company in Chicago. Later, he "toured the whole width of America, broadening, mellowing, polishing off his art." On Broadway, he appeared in The Other Fellow (1910), The Top o' th' World (1907), and Rip Van Winkle (1905).

During his film career, Bassett acted for the Biograph, Edison, Yankee, Pathe, Imp, Reliance, Nestor, and Famous Players companies.

On May 8, 1918, Bassett died from a cerebral hemorrhage at his home in New York City. He was survived by his wife and a son.
Lubica Kucerova
Lubica Kucerova (born 27 April 1983), also known as Lubica Slovak, is a Slovakian-born fashion designer, Ryerson University graduate and founder of Lubica, clothing company based in Jamaica. Lubica's early childhood influence was her grandmother who was a seamstress. She debuted her self-titled fashion line Lubica in Toronto at the LG Fashion Week in 2005 and has created several collections under her brand: Blue, Bliss, Bloom, Toucan, Trinity, Beyond and Dream. The Lubica line includes bikinis, resort contemporary women's wear and is inspired by the tropics. Lubica is also recognized for her partnership with international recording artist Tami Chynn in opening a female boutique named Belle in Kingston, Jamaica and also their collaboration in designing the award-winning Anuna collection.

Toronto Fashion Week
Toronto Fashion Week (TFW), held in February (for fall/winter collections) and September (for spring/summer collections) of each year, is a semi-annual event celebrating fashion, arts and culture where Canadian and international fashion collections are shown to buyers, the press, and the general public. It is the largest fashion week held in Canada and the second largest fashion week in North America, following the well known New York Fashion Week.

The event is currently held within Toronto's exclusive luxury retail and brand neighbourhood, Yorkville, along Hazelton Avenue and Yorkville Avenue.

Toronto Fashion Week draws considerable media attention, nationally and internationally. In 2012, it attracted 40,000 guests over 5 days, showcased over 100 designers, and left over 877 million media impressions worldwide. It has helped propel Canadian designers and fashion brands, such as Joe Fresh, to international recognition.
Controversies related to ME/CFS
Myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) is an illness with a long history of controversy. Some professionals within the medical community do not recognize ME/CFS as a genuine condition, nor is there agreement on its prevalence. There has been much disagreement over the pathophysiology of chronic fatigue syndrome, how it should be diagnosed, and how to treat it.

The diagnosis is controversial, and its etiology is still not fully understood. Alternative names to describe the condition(s) have been used over time throughout the world. Patient groups have criticized the name "chronic fatigue syndrome", saying that it trivializes the illness.

Post-exertional malaise
Post-exertional malaise (PEM), sometimes referred to as post-exertional symptom exacerbation (PESE) or post-exertional neuroimmune exhaustion (PENE), is a worsening of symptoms that occurs after minimal exertion. It is the hallmark symptom of myalgic encephalomyelitis/chronic fatigue syndrome (ME/CFS) and common in long COVID and fibromyalgia. PEM is often severe enough to be disabling, and is triggered by ordinary activities that healthy people tolerate. Typically, it begins 12–48 hours after the activity that triggers it, and lasts for days, but this is highly variable and may persist much longer. Management of PEM is symptom-based, and patients are recommended to pace their activities to avoid triggering PEM.
2022–23 Gibraltar Intermediate League
The 2022–23 Gibraltar Intermediate League is the fifth season of under-23 football in Gibraltar, after reforms to reserve team football in June 2018. The league will be contested by 11 teams - ten under-23 sides of the Gibraltar Football League clubs plus Hound Dogs.

Manchester 62 are the reigning champions. The league kicked off on 6 September 2022.

Gibraltar Football League
The Gibraltar Football League is the only senior tier of association football in Gibraltar, founded in 2019 as the Gibraltar National League after a merger of the Gibraltar Premier Division, which served as the top division of football on the Rock since 1905, and the Gibraltar Second Division, which had existed since 1909. It was announced in August 2019 by the Gibraltar Football Association. The league is supported by the Gibraltar Intermediate League for U23 sides.
Gabriel Bradley
Gabriel Bradley is a former Gaelic footballer from Glenullin, County Londonderry, Northern Ireland. Bradley played for the Derry county team in the 1970s and 1980s. He won two Ulster Senior Football Championships with the county. Bradley played club football for John Mitchel's Glenullin and won the Derry Senior Football Championship with the club.

He was a very versatile player who could play in defence, midfield or in the half forward line.

Derry Senior Football Championship
The Derry Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic football competition contested by the top sixteen Derry GAA clubs. The winners receive the John McLaughlin Cup and qualify to represent Derry in the Ulster Senior Club Football Championship.

Newbridge retained their title,  having defeated Magherafelt in the 2025 final.
Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum
Sheikh Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum (Arabic: حمدان بن راشد أل مكتوم, Ḥamdān bin Rāšid Āl Maktūm; 25 December 1945 – 24 March 2021) was an Emirati politician, the deputy ruler of Dubai and the minister of finance and industry of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). He was the second son of the late ruler Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum. Hamdan bin Rashid Al Maktoum was the head of the UAE's delegation at the International Monetary Fund and the OPEC Fund.

Ministry of Finance (United Arab Emirates)
The Ministry of Finance (MoF) (Arabic: وزارة المالية) is the ministry of the federal government of United Arab Emirates which is responsible for public finances. The ministry's objective is to promote fiscal planning and fiscal sustainability of the federal government of the United Arab Emirates. The ministry is located in Abu Dhabi and Dubai.
Wilbraham Ford
Admiral Sir Wilbraham Tennyson Randle Ford, KCB, KBE, OStJ (19 January 1880 – 16 January 1964), was a senior officer in the Royal Navy. He was the Rear Admiral Commanding His Majesty's Australian Squadron from April 1934 to April 1936.

Fleet Command (Australia)
The Fleet Command is responsible for the command, operations, readiness, training and force generation of all ships, submarines, aircraft squadrons, diving teams, and shore establishments of the Royal Australian Navy. Fleet Command is headquartered at HMAS Kuttabul in Sydney, and is led by the Commander Australian Fleet (COMAUSFLT), also referred to as Fleet Commander Australia (FCAUST), which is a rear admiral (two-star) appointment.

The position of Commander Australian Fleet was established in 2007. The previous positions since 1913 were:

Rear Admiral Commanding HM Australian Fleet (1913–1926),

Rear Admiral Commanding HM Australian Squadron (1926–1949),

Flag Officer Commanding HM Australian Fleet (1949–1988, regularly abbreviated as FOCAF), and

Maritime Commander Australia (1988–2007 – MCAUST).(I)
John Duncan (Canadian politician)
John Morris Duncan PC (born December 19, 1948) is a Canadian politician.  He served as a Member of the Parliament of Canada from 1993 to January 2006 and again from October 2008 until August 2015. On August 6, 2010, he was appointed to the Canadian Cabinet as Minister of Aboriginal Affairs and Northern Development, Federal Interlocutor for Métis and Non-Status Indians, and Minister responsible for the Canadian Northern Economic Development Agency until his resignation on February 15, 2013 over his inappropriate written communication to the Tax Court of Canada.  He later returned to Cabinet as Chief Government Whip, and served in that capacity until the 2015 election, which saw both Duncan's own defeat and the defeat of the government.

Minister of Crown–Indigenous Relations
In Canada, the minister of Crown–Indigenous relations (French: ministre des relations couronne-autochtones) is a minister of the Crown who is responsible for the Department of Crown–Indigenous Relations and Northern Affairs, along with the minister of northern and Arctic affairs. The department administers the Indian Act and other legislation dealing with "Indians and lands reserved for the Indians" under subsection 91(24) of the Constitution Act, 1867. The minister is also more broadly responsible for overall relations between the Government of Canada and First Nations, Métis, and Inuit.

Rebecca Alty has served as The minister of Crown–Indigenous relations since May 13, 2025. The minister is selected by the prime minister and appointed by the Crown. The position is one of two portfolios responsible for policies relating to Indigenous peoples in Canada, with the minister of Indigenous services overseeing service delivery.
Citizens Advice Edinburgh
Citizens Advice Edinburgh (CAE), is a registered charity (number SC038195), based in Edinburgh, Scotland. Founded in 1939, Citizens Advice Edinburgh is a member of the Scottish Association of Citizens Advice Bureaux, and provides free, confidential, independent and impartial advice to Edinburgh residents.

Citizens Advice Edinburgh operates from five main offices around Edinburgh, with the support of over 270 trained volunteers which comprise over 90% of the advisers, receptionists and administrators. CAE has offices in Leith, Dundas Street, Gorgie, Pilton and Portobello. In 2013/14 it assisted with over 27,000 enquiries and 43,000 issues

Citizens Advice Edinburgh is a charity and a company limited by guarantee. It is run by a Board of volunteers with a wide range of charity, business, legal, media and financial experience. The board adheres to the National Council for Voluntary Organisations's good governance code.

Leith
Leith (/liːθ/; Scottish Gaelic: Lìte) is a suburb to the north of Edinburgh, Scotland, lying at the mouth of the Water of Leith. It is home to the Port of Leith.

The earliest surviving historical references are in the royal charter authorising the construction of Holyrood Abbey in 1128 in which it is termed Inverlet (Inverleith). After centuries of control by Edinburgh, Leith was made a separate burgh in 1833 only to be merged into Edinburgh in 1920.

Leith is located on the southern coast of the Firth of Forth and lies within the City of Edinburgh council area; since 2007 it has formed one of 17 multi-member wards of the city.