hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Arctoparmelia incurva
Arctoparmelia incurva is a species of saxicolous (rock-dwelling), foliose lichen in the family Parmeliaceae. First described in 1794 by Christiaan Hendrik Persoon, it has undergone several taxonomic reclassifications before being placed in its current genus in 1986. This yellowish-green lichen, characterised by its narrow, convex lobes and globular soralia, typically grows on sun-exposed siliceous rocks in alpine and arctic habitats. It has a circumpolar distribution, found across North America, Europe, and parts of Asia. A. incurva can be distinguished from similar species by its specific morphological features and chemical spot test reactions. The lichen is known to host several parasitic fungi and has shown tolerance to acid pollution.

Siliceous rock
Siliceous rocks are sedimentary rocks that have silica (SiO2) as the principal constituent. The most common siliceous rock is chert; other types include diatomite. They commonly form from silica-secreting organisms such as radiolarians, diatoms, or some types of sponges.
Witthaya Laohakul
Witthaya Laohakul or Witthaya Hloagune previously nicknamed "Heng" (Lucky) (Thai: วิทยา เลาหกุล; born 1 February 1954) is a Thai football manager and former player, who is the technical director of Chonburi. He was the technical director of Thai football during 2016 to 2018. He is the first Thai footballer who played for a European club at the German Bundesliga side Hertha BSC.

Hertha BSC
Hertha, Berliner Sport-Club e. V., commonly known as Hertha BSC (German pronunciation: [ˈhɛʁtaː beː ʔɛs t͡seː]) or Hertha Berlin, is a German professional football club based in Berlin. Hertha BSC plays in the 2. Bundesliga, the second tier of German football, following relegation from the Bundesliga in 2022–23. Hertha BSC was founded in 1892, and was a founding member of the German Football Association in Leipzig in 1900.

The team won the German championship in 1930 and 1931. Since 1963, Hertha's stadium has been the Olympiastadion. The club is known as Die Alte Dame in German, which translates to "The Old Lady". In 2002, the sports activities of the professional, amateur, and under-19 teams were separated into Hertha BSC GmbH & Co. KGaA.
Dominique Hoppe
Dominique Hoppe (born 1959) is the current president of the Assemblée des francophones fonctionnaires des organisations internationales (AFFOI).

Prior to his appointment to the AFFOI, Hoppe was administrator at the European Patent Office, president of the AFIF-PB and president of the Superior Council of the international civil servants in the Netherlands.

In December 2011 he was elected – together with Abdou Diouf – francophone of the year in the framework the world forum of the French language.

In 2014 he received the Gusi Peace Prize - considered as the equivalent of the Nobel Peace Prize in Asia - for Peacebuilding thru development of political and diplomatic networks and activities supporting human rights and fundamental freedoms.

In 2015 he was nominated for the Nobel Peace Prize. His candidacy was supported by both the OPCW (Nobel Peace Prize 2013) and the CPI.

Abdou Diouf
Abdou Diouf (US: /ˈɑːbduː diˈuːf/ ⓘ AHB-doo dee-OOF; Serer: Abdu Juuf; born 7 September 1935) is a Senegalese politician who was the second president of Senegal from 1981 to 2000.

Diouf is notable both for coming to power by peaceful succession and leaving willingly after losing the 2000 presidential election to long-time opposition-leader Abdoulaye Wade. He was also the second Secretary-General of the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie from January 2003 to December 2014.
Song of the City
Song of the City is a 1937 American musical film directed by Errol Taggart, written by Michael Fessier, and starring Margaret Lindsay, Dean Jagger, J. Carrol Naish, Nat Pendleton, Dennis Morgan and Marla Shelton. It was released on April 2, 1937, by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer.

Margaret Lindsay
Margaret Lindsay (born Margaret Kies; September 19, 1910 – May 9, 1981) was an American film actress. Her time as a Warner Bros. contract player during the 1930s was particularly productive. She was noted for her supporting work in successful films of the 1930s and 1940s such as Baby Face, Jezebel (1938) and Scarlet Street (1945) and her leading roles in lower-budgeted B movie films such as the Ellery Queen series at Columbia in the early 1940s. Critics regard her portrayal of Nathaniel Hawthorne's Hepzibah Pyncheon in the 1940 film The House of the Seven Gables as Lindsay's standout career role.
Menemerus pulcher
Menemerus pulcher is a species of jumping spider in the genus Menemerus that lives in Mauretania. The species was first described in 1999 by Wanda Wesołowska. The spider is small and brown, with an atypically high carapace that is 2.6 millimetres (0.10 in) long and an abdomen 2.8 millimetres (0.11 in) long. There is a white stripe running down the back of the otherwise brown carapace. The abdomen is yellowish-fawn with a dark pattern that is reminiscent of a fleur-de-lis and more rounded than other spiders in the genus. Otherwise, it is externally similar to Menemerus plenus, although it can be distinguished by its copulatory organs. The male has a double embolus and two large parallel retrolateral apophyses, or appendages. The female has not been described.

Spider anatomy
The anatomy of spiders includes many characteristics shared with other arachnids. These characteristics include bodies divided into two tagmata (sections or segments), eight jointed legs, no wings or antennae, the presence of chelicerae and pedipalps, simple eyes, and an exoskeleton, which is periodically shed.

Spiders also have several adaptations that distinguish them from other arachnids. All spiders are capable of producing silk of various types, which many species use to build webs to ensnare prey. Most spiders possess venom, which is injected into prey (or defensively, when the spider feels threatened) through the fangs of the chelicerae. Male spiders have specialized pedipalps that are used to transfer sperm to the female during mating. Many species of spiders exhibit a great deal of sexual dimorphism.
Operation Riviresa
Operation Riviresa (Operation Sunrays), was a combined military operation launched by the Sri Lankan Armed Forces in Jaffna. Starting on 17 October 1995, the primary objective of the operation was the capture of the city of Jaffna and rest of the Jaffna Peninsula from the LTTE (the Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam, better known as the Tamil Tigers). It is believed that Operation Riviresa was the largest and most successful military operation in Sri Lankan Armed Forces during the Third Eelam War.

Jaffna Peninsula
The Jaffna Peninsula (Tamil: யாழ்ப்பாணக் குடாநாடு, romanized: Yāḻppāṇa kuṭānāṭu, or Tamil: யாழ் குடாநாடு, romanized: Yāḻ kuṭānāṭu) is a region in the Northern Province of Sri Lanka. It is home to the capital city of the province, Jaffna, and comprises much of the former land mass of the medieval Jaffna Kingdom.

The peninsula was historically divided into the three regions of Vadamarachchi, Thenmarachchi and Valikamam, which today make up three regions of the Jaffna District.
Yoruba Wars
The Yoruba Wars, also known as the Yoruba Civil Wars, were a series of conflicts that engulfed the Yoruba-speaking areas of West Africa from approximately 1789 to 1893. These wars were characterized by intense and prolonged struggles among various Yoruba city-states and kingdoms, leading to significant political, social, and economic changes in the region.

Oyo Empire
The Oyo Empire was a Yoruba empire in West Africa. It was located in present-day western Nigeria (including the South West zone, Benin Republic, and the western half of the North Central zone). The empire grew to become the largest Yoruba-speaking state through the organizational and administrative efforts of the Yoruba people, trade, as well as the military use of cavalry. The Oyo Empire was one of the most politically important states in Western Africa from the late-16th to the early 18th century and held sway not only over most of the other kingdoms in Yorubaland, but also over nearby African states, notably the Fon Kingdom of Dahomey in the modern Republic of Benin on its west.
Hygrocybe appalachianensis
Hygrocybe appalachianensis, commonly known as the Appalachian waxy cap, is a gilled fungus of the waxcap family. It is found in the eastern United States, where it fruits singly, in groups, or clusters on the ground in deciduous and mixed forests. The species, described in 1963 from collections made in the Appalachian Mountains, was originally classified in the related genus Hygrophorus. It was transferred to Hygrocybe in 1998, in which it has been proposed as the type species of section Pseudofirmae.

Fruit bodies of the Appalachian waxy cap are bright purplish-red to reddish-orange. They have convex to somewhat funnel-shaped caps that are 3–7 cm (1.2–2.8 in) in diameter, held up by a cylindrical stipe up to 7 cm (2.8 in) long. The gills are thick and widely spaced, with a color similar to that of the cap or paler, and a whitish-yellow edge. Microscopically, the spores and spore-bearing cells are dimorphic—of two different sizes.

Pileus (mycology)
In mycology, the pileus (pl.: pilei) is the cap or cap-like part of a basidiocarp or ascocarp (fungal fruiting body) that supports a spore-bearing surface, the hymenium. The hymenium (hymenophore) may consist of lamellae, tubes, or teeth, on the underside of the pileus. A pileus is characteristic of agarics, boletes, some polypores, tooth fungi, and some ascomycetes.

The word pileus comes from the Latin for a type of felt cap.
Westminster Hall and Burying Ground
Westminster Hall and Burying Ground is a graveyard and former church located at 519 West Fayette Street (at North Greene Street) in Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is currently part of the grounds of the University of Maryland's School of Law. It occupies the southeast corner of West Fayette and North Greene Street on the west side of downtown Baltimore. It sits across from the Baltimore VA hospital and is the burial site of Edgar Allan Poe (1809–1849) and several politicians and military officials. The complex was declared a national historic district in 1974.

Eastern High School (Maryland)
Eastern High School, established in 1844 along with its sister school Western High School, was a historic all-female, public high school located in Baltimore City, Maryland, 21218, U.S.A.  Its final building, at 1101 East 33rd Street, is to the west of The Baltimore City College, also at 33rd Street, and across the street from the former site of Memorial Stadium. E.H.S. was operated by the Baltimore City Public Schools system at successive locations until it was closed in 1986. The final building was renovated in the 1990s and is currently owned and used for offices by the Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2000.
Australian armoured units of World War II
Armoured units made a relatively small, but important, contribution to Australia’s war effort during World War II. While Australia formed three armoured divisions and two independent armoured brigades during the war, Australian armoured units only saw action as independent regiments and companies supporting larger infantry formations. Early actions were fought in the Middle East by the divisional carrier regiments that supported the 6th, 7th and 9th Divisions, fighting in Libya, Egypt and Syria in 1941–42, before the Australian divisions returned to Australia in 1942–43. During the early fighting in the Pacific, there was a limited role for armoured formations, although one armoured regiment – the 2/6th – took part in the fighting around Buna–Gona in late 1942. Later in the war, though, during the Huon Peninsula, Bougainville and Borneo campaigns of 1943–45, several armoured units were used by Australian forces in the infantry support role.

2/6th Armoured Regiment (Australia)
The 2/6th Armoured Regiment was an armoured regiment of the Australian Army that served during World War II. Raised in 1941 the Regiment took part in the Battle of Buna–Gona in 1942–43, however, it did not see further action during the war and was disbanded in September 1945.
Maria Rosario Vergeire
Maria Rosario Clarissa Singh-Vergeire (born Maria Rosario Clarissa Dumandan Singh) is a Filipino physician and public health official. She formerly served as the top undersecretary of the Department of Health from June 2023 to July 2025. She also served as the officer in charge of the department from July 14, 2022, to June 5, 2023, following her appointment by President Bongbong Marcos. She was also the department's spokesperson beginning in 2015 under the Benigno Aquino III and Rodrigo Duterte administrations, as well as the department's assistant secretary for public health services from 2015 to 2020.

Department of Health (Philippines)
The Department of Health (DOH; Filipino: Kagawaran ng Kalusugan) is the executive department of the Philippine government responsible for ensuring access to basic public health services by all Filipinos through the provision of quality health care, the regulation of all health services and products. It is the government's over-all technical authority on health. It has its headquarters at the San Lazaro Compound, along Rizal Avenue in Manila.

The current head of the department is Sec. Ted Herbosa. The health secretary is also a member of the Cabinet.
359th Signal Brigade (United States)
The 359th Signal Brigade (Theater Tactical) is a unit of the US Army Reserve.  The unit began as the HHD, 3359th Signal Service Battalion in 1944 as a part of the US forces in Brazil during World War II monitoring and relaying messages to Army Air Force planes in North Africa. The unit earned the American Theater campaign streamer and a Meritorious Unit Commendation.

The unit was inactive from 1945-1955 when it was redesignated as HHD, 359th Signal Group as a part of the Army Reserve in New York City.  It was again inactive from 1963-1968 when it was reactivated and moved to Syracuse, N.Y.  It was again redesignated 1987 as the 359th Signal Brigade.  In 1995 the brigade moved to Fort Gordon, Georgia.

The unit was federalized for the Global War on Terror from 2010-2011 when it would earn a second Meritorious Unit Commendation and an Afghanistan campaign streamer for the Consolidation III campaign.

Fort Gordon
Fort Gordon, formerly known as Fort Eisenhower and Camp Gordon, is a United States Army installation established southwest of Augusta, Georgia in October 1941. Named in honor of Medal of Honor recipient Gary Gordon, it is the current home of the United States Army Signal Corps, United States Army Cyber Command, and the Cyber Center of Excellence as well as the National Security Agency/Central Security Service' Georgia Cryptologic Center (NSA Georgia or NSAG). It was once the home of the Provost Marshal General School and Civil Affairs School. Fort Gordon is one of the largest US Army installations in the world with more than 16,000 military service members and 13,500 civilian personnel assigned to it.

One of the major components of the installation is Advanced Individual Training for Signal Corps military occupational specialties. Signals Intelligence has become more visible and comprises more and more of the post's duties.
Will Kane
William "Will" Kane is the protagonist of the film High Noon (1952). He was first played by Gary Cooper, then by Lee Majors in High Noon, Part II: The Return of Will Kane (1980), and by Tom Skerritt in High Noon (2000), a remake for cable television.

Lee Majors
Harvey Lee Yeary (born April 23, 1939), known professionally as Lee Majors, is an American actor. He portrayed the characters of Heath Barkley on the American television Western series The Big Valley (1965–1969), Colonel Steve Austin on the American television science-fiction action series The Six Million Dollar Man (1973–1978), and Colt Seavers on the American television action series The Fall Guy (1981–1986).
Leonid Klimov
Leonid Mykhailovych Klimov (born 31 March 1953) is a Ukrainian parliamentarian, banker, and politician. He is a member of the Party of Regions in Verkhovna Rada (from November 2007) and a member of the Committee on National Security and Defense (from December 2007). He is also a member of the Party of Regions Council and chairman in the Odesa Oblast department of the Party of Regions.

Odesa Oblast
Odesa Oblast (Ukrainian: Одеська область, romanized: Odeska oblast), also referred to as Odeshchyna (Одещина), is an oblast (province) of southwestern Ukraine, located along the northern coast of the Black Sea. Its administrative centre is the city of Odesa. Population: 2,351,382 (2022 estimate).

The length of coastline (sea-coast and estuaries) reaches 300 km (190 mi), while the state border stretches for 1,200 km (750 mi). The region has eight seaports and five of the biggest lakes, including Yalpuh Lake, in Ukraine. With over 80,000 ha (200,000 acres) of vineyards, it is also the largest wine-growing region in Ukraine.
Winston Macfarlane
Winston Macfarlane is a New Zealand sailor who has competed in multiple America's Cups.

Macfarlane was born in Blenheim, New Zealand and completed a degree in agriculture, planning to work on family farm.

He joined Team New Zealand following the 2000 America's Cup as a runner/pitmen. Macfarlane was with Team New Zealand for both the 2003 and 2007 America's Cup.

Between 2009 and 2010, he raced in the Louis Vuitton Trophy regattaas, the TP52 series and the Extreme Sailing Series with Team New Zealand. He then sailed in the 2011–13 America's Cup World Series and 2013 America's Cup, alternating with Grant Dalton as a grinder on board.

Macfarlane left Team New Zealand in 2015, joining Team Japan for the 2015–16 America's Cup World Series. He also sailed with Sail Portugal in the 2016 Extreme Sailing Series.

Grant Dalton
Grant Stanley Dalton OBE is a New Zealand sailor who has competed in five Whitbread Round the World Races and was appointed manager of Team New Zealand in 2003, and as of 2024 is CEO of the team. He is also passionate about motor racing and is an avid F1 fan. In 2014 he started racing on the New Zealand motor racing circuit.
James Kerr Findlay
James Kerr Findlay (25 January 1936 – 2 November 2019) was a Scottish-born barrister and judge who was successively Hong Kong's Law Draftsman, Solicitor General, and Director of Public Prosecutions. He was appointed to the High Court of Justice (now the Court of First Instance) of Hong Kong in 1994.

After retiring from the bench in 2000, Findlay was appointed as a visiting judge and judicial commissioner of the Supreme Court of Brunei Darussalam from 2001 to 2019.

Law Draftsman
The Law Draftsman (Chinese: 法律草擬專員) is the head of the Law Drafting Division (Chinese: 法律草擬科) of the Department of Justice in Hong Kong, which is responsible for drafting all primary and secondary legislation proposed by the government. The law draftsman is one of six Law Officers in the government.
1956 Maltese United Kingdom integration referendum
A referendum on integration with the United Kingdom was held in Malta on 11 and 12 February 1956. The proposals were approved by 77% of those who voted, on a turnout of 59%; the low turnout was partly because of a boycott by the Nationalist Party. The proposals were never fully implemented, and the country became an independent Realm within the British Commonwealth titled the State of Malta eight years later.

Nationalist Party (Malta)
The Nationalist Party (Maltese: Partit Nazzjonalista, PN) is one of the two major contemporary political parties in Malta, along with the Labour Party.

It is a Christian democratic, and conservative political party, and it has been described as centre-right on the political spectrum. It is supportive of Malta's membership in the European Union. It is currently in opposition to the Labour Party. Since independence in 1964, the Nationalist Party has won six out of the thirteen general elections, in 1966, 1987, 1992, 1998, 2003 and 2008. In 2008 it won with a paper-thin majority of around 1500 votes.
Ynares Center (Rodriguez, Rizal)
The Ynares Center II, also called Ynares Center Montalban, is an indoor arena located in Rodriguez (Montalban), Rizal, Philippines. The arena opened in 2025 and is the second arena to bear the Ynares Center name, after the arena in Antipolo. The arena hosts Philippine Basketball Association games and is also home to the Rizal Golden Coolers of the Maharlika Pilipinas Basketball League (MPBL).

Rodriguez, Rizal
Rodriguez, officially the Municipality of Rodriguez (Tagalog: Bayan ng Rodriguez) and still commonly known by its former name Montalban, is a municipality in the province of Rizal, Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 451,383 people, making it the most populous municipality in the country.

The town is one of the richest municipalities in the country, ranking third in 2016 with an income of ₱691 million.
Ngau Tau Kok station
Ngau Tau Kok (Chinese: 牛頭角; Cantonese Yale: Ngàutàugok) is a station on the Hong Kong MTR Kwun Tong line. It is located in the Ngau Tau Kok area of Kowloon East, between Kwun Tong and Kowloon Bay stations. It was among the earliest stations in the network, becoming operational on 1 October 1979.

Ngau Tau Kok is one of three stations to be located above ground on the line, the others being Kwun Tong and Kowloon Bay. The majority of passengers use Ngau Tau Kok station to commute.

Due to difficulties in installing platform screen doors (PSDs) in above ground stations, the MTR decided not to install PSDs in this station, instead installing automatic platform gates (APGs) on the station's platforms in 2011.

Platform screen doors
Platform screen doors (PSDs), also known as platform edge doors (PEDs), are used at some train, rapid transit and people mover stations to separate the platform from train tracks, as well as on some bus rapid transit, tram and light rail systems. Primarily used for passenger safety, they are a relatively new addition to many metro systems around the world, some having been retrofitted to established systems. They are widely used in newer Asian and European metro systems, and Latin American bus rapid transit systems.
Jan Kamphuysen
Jan Kamphuysen, Camphuysen, or Kamphuijsen (1760–1841) was a painter from the Netherlands.

He was born in Amsterdam where he became a pupil of the theatre decorator Pieter Barbiers. Like his teacher, he is known for his interior decorations as well as landscapes and historical allegories.

Kamphuysen died in Amsterdam.

Pieter Barbiers (painter)
Pieter Antonsz Barbiers (bapt. April 23, 1717 – September 7, 1780) was a Dutch artist. He was born and died in Amsterdam. He painted scenery for the theaters in Amsterdam, Leiden, and other cities.  Another picture representing the conflagration of the former in the year 1772 has been engraved by C. Bagerts.

His sons Bartholomeus Barbiers and Pieter Pietersz Barbiers were also painters.