hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of Portuguese
The Portuguese language developed in the Western Iberian Peninsula from Latin spoken by Roman soldiers and colonists starting in the 3rd century BC. Old Galician, also known as Medieval Portuguese, began to diverge from other Romance languages after the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the Germanic invasions, also known as barbarian invasions, in the 5th century, and started appearing in written documents around the 9th century. By the 13th century, Old Portuguese had its own literature and began to split into two languages. However, the debate of whether Galician and Portuguese are nowadays varieties of the same language, much like American English or British English, is still present. In all aspects—phonology, morphology, lexicon and syntax—Portuguese is essentially the result of an organic evolution of Vulgar Latin with some influences from other languages, namely the native Gallaecian and Lusitanian languages spoken prior to the Roman domination.

Syntax
In linguistics, syntax (/ˈsɪntæks/ SIN-taks) is the study of how words and morphemes well-formed combine to form larger units such as phrases and sentences. Central concerns with syntax include word order, grammatical relations, hierarchical sentence structure (constituency), agreement, the nature of crosslinguistic variation, and the relationship between form and meaning (semantics). Diverse approaches, such as generative grammar and functional grammar, offer unique perspectives on syntax, reflecting its complexity and centrality to understanding human language.
Wipawee Srithong
Wipawee Srithong (Thai: วิภาวี ศรีทอง, born (1999-01-28)28 January 1999) is a Thai volleyball player. She is part of the Thailand women's national volleyball team. On club level she played for Supreme Chonburi.

Supreme Volleyball Club
Supreme Volleyball Club (Thai: สโมสรวอลเลย์บอลสุพรีม ชลบุรี)   is a Thai professional women's volleyball club based in Bangkok and have managed by Supreme Volleyball Club Co., Ltd. which was a subsidiary of Supreme Distribution (Thailand) Co., Ltd. The club was founded in 2009 as Supreme Nakhon Si Thammarat before reformed in to Supreme Chonburi in 2013.

Supreme Volleyball Club won their first Thailand League title in 2016–17, the AVC Club Volleyball Championship title in 2017, and the Super League in 2017.
E-class Melbourne tram
The E-class trams are three-section, four-bogie articulated trams that were first introduced to the Melbourne tram network in 2013. They were built at the Dandenong rolling stock factory of Bombardier Transportation (later Alstom) with the propulsion systems and bogies coming from Bombardier/Alstom factories in Germany.

The E-class is part of the Tram Procurement Program, a Public Transport Victoria project aimed at increasing capacity and reliability of the tram network through the introduction of new trams, creation of new depot space, and upgrades to existing infrastructure. In September 2010, 50 were ordered with an option to purchase a further 100. In May 2015, a further 20 were ordered, followed by additional orders for 10 in May 2017, September 2018 and May 2019, taking the total to 100.

The first tram was delivered in June 2013 and, after testing, entered service on route 96 on 4 November 2013.

Alstom
Alstom SA (French: [alstɔm]) is a French multinational rail transport systems manufacturer. It is active in the fields of passenger transportation, rail services, signalling, and locomotives, producing high-speed, suburban, regional and urban trains along with trams.

The company and its name (originally spelled Alsthom) were formed by a merger between the electric engineering division of Société Alsacienne de Constructions Mécaniques (Als) and Compagnie Française Thomson-Houston (thom) in 1928. Significant acquisitions later included the Constructions Électriques de France (1932), shipbuilder Chantiers de l'Atlantique (1976), and parts of ACEC (late 1980s).
Anglican Diocese of Lagos
The Anglican Diocese of Lagos is one of 13 dioceses within the Anglican Province of Lagos, itself one of 14 ecclesiastical provinces within the Church of Nigeria. The current bishop is the Right Rev. Ifedola Senasu Gabriel Okupevi who succeeded the late Humphrey Bamisebi Olumakaiye.

Melville Jones (bishop)
Frank Melville Jones, CBE, was an Anglican Colonial Bishop in the first half of the 20th century.

He was born in 1866, educated at the Nelson College and the University of New Zealand and ordained in 1890. After a curacy at  Holy Trinity, Cheltenham he went out to be a CMS Missionary in Onitsha. He was Principal  of the CMS Training College at Oyo In 1919 he became the inaugural Bishop of Lagos, a post he held until 1940. He died on 8 January 1941.
Gurugu
Gurugu is a community in Sagnarigu Municipal in the Northern Region of Ghana. Its neighboring communities are Jisonaayili, Sognaayili, Kumbuyili and Chogu-Yapalsi.

It is located along the Tamale-Kumbungu road with linear settlement under the leadership of a Chief.

Sognaayili
Sognaayili is a community in Sagnarigu District in the Northern Region of Ghana. It is a less populated community with nucleated settlements. A large portion of men in the community are farmers while rest work with livestock and poultry production.
Raymond Elisha
Boikanyo Raymond Elisha is a South African politician who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the North West Provincial Legislature until 2019. He served in the North West Executive Council under Premier Thandi Modise as the North West's Member of the Executive Council (MEC) for Education from 2010 to 2012 and MEC for Public Works, Roads and Transport from 2012 to 2014.

North West Provincial Legislature
The North West Provincial Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of North West. It is unicameral in its composition, and elects the premier and the provincial cabinet from among the members of the leading party or coalition in the parliament.

At the commencement of the 7th provincial legislature on 14 June 2024, the number of seats allocated to the North West Provincial Legislature increased from 33 to 38.
Two Strangers (Carry a Cake Across New York)
Two Strangers (Carry a Cake Across New York) is a British musical by Jim Barne and Kit Buchan. The musical was first produced in 2019 in Ipswich and Northampton under the name The Season, starring Tori Allen-Martin and Alex Cardall. A new production opened at Kiln Theatre in 2023, starring Dujonna Gift and Sam Tutty. In April 2024, it transferred to the Criterion Theatre in the West End. It is now playing at the Longacre Theatre on Broadway (opening in November 2025), with Tutty back in the show, opposite Christiani Pitts from the Cambridge production. It was The New York Times' "Critic's Pick".

Under its previous title The Season, the show received a Stage Debut Award, for Best Composer, Lyricist or Book Writer, and before that also the Stiles & Drewe Mentorship prize.

Sam Tutty
Sam Tutty (born 9 April 1998) is an English actor. He is most known for his title role in the West End production of the musical Dear Evan Hansen for which a then 22-year-old Tutty won a 2020 Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Leading Role in a Musical, becoming one of the youngest winners of the award. In 2021, he briefly joined the cast of the Channel 4 soap opera Hollyoaks as Timmy Simons.
Kuldana Formation
The Kuldana Formation is a fossil-bearing geological formation of Lutetian (Early Eocene) age which crops out in northern Pakistan. The abundant fossil remains were deposited by rivers and estuaries crossing an arid to semi-arid environment, between several marine transgressions. Its fossil fauna is best known for the early cetaceans Indohyus, Pakicetus and Ambulocetus, that helped to shed a new light on the evolution of whales, but it also features a large number of early ungulates, rodents and primates.

Lutetian
The Lutetian is, in the geologic timescale, a stage or age in the Eocene. It spans the time between 48.07 and 41.03 Ma. The Lutetian is preceded by the Ypresian and is followed by the Bartonian. Together with the Bartonian it is sometimes referred to as the Middle Eocene Subepoch.
Kingsley House (Rehoboth, Massachusetts)
The Kingsley House is a historic First Period house at 108 Davis Street in Rehoboth, Massachusetts in the United States. The oldest portion of this house is estimated to have been built around 1680, making it the oldest structure in Rehoboth. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1983, where it is listed at 96 Davis Street.

First Period architecture
First Period is an American architectural style that flourished between 1626 and 1725, used primarily by British colonists during the Colonial era, particularly in Massachusetts and Virginia. Essex County, Massachusetts, has the highest number of preserved First Period buildings.
Liu Faqing
Liu Faqing (Chinese: 刘发庆; born June 1964) is a lieutenant general (zhongjiang) of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). He has been serving as Secretary-General of National Defense Mobilization Commission since December 2021, and formerly served as deputy commander of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force and formerly served as commander of the People's Liberation Army Air Force Airborne Corps. Liu was promoted to the rank of major general (shaojiang) in December 2014 and lieutenant general (zhongjiang) in December 2019.

People's Liberation Army Air Force Airborne Corps
The People's Liberation Army Air Force Airborne Corp (Chinese: 中国人民解放军空降兵军) is a corps grade airborne and air assault force subordinated to People's Liberation Army Air Force (PLAAF) headquarters. Before April 2017, the Airborne Corps was called the PLAAF 15th Airborne Corps.
Alex Pedersen (politician)
Alex C. Pedersen (born 17 July 1969) is an American politician and former member of the Seattle City Council. He represented Seattle's District 4, which includes Wallingford, the University District, and Sand Point, from November 2019 until completing his term of office in December 2023. Previously, Pedersen was an aide to city councilmember Tim Burgess and a private sector housing finance analyst.

Seattle City Council
The Seattle City Council is the legislative body of the city of Seattle, Washington. The Council consists of nine members serving four-year terms, seven of which are elected by electoral districts and two of which are elected in citywide at-large positions; all elections are non-partisan. It has the responsibility of approving the city's budget, and passes all legislation related to the city's police, firefighting, parks, libraries, and electricity, water supply, solid waste, and drainage utilities.
The mayor of Seattle is not part of the council.
Ambati Rambabu
Ambati Rambabu (born 1956 or 1957) is an Indian politician from the state of Andhra Pradesh. He has served as the Minister for Irrigation since 2022. A member of the YSR Congress Party, he was a member of the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly from the Sattenapalle constituency in the 2019 elections.

He entered politics with Indian National Congress. He was elected the Member of the Legislative Assembly from Repalle constituency during 1989–94, and later served as the chairman of Andhra Pradesh Industrial Infrastructure Corporation during 2005–09. After the death of Y. S. Rajasekhara Reddy, he continued his support of Reddy's son Y. S. Jagan Mohan Reddy. In July 2010, he was suspended from the Indian National Congress. In March 2011, he joined Jagan's newly-founded YSR Congress Party and has been a spokesperson for that party.

Repalle Assembly constituency
Repalle is a constituency in Guntur district of Andhra Pradesh that elects representatives to the Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly in India. It is one of the seven assembly segments of Bapatla Lok Sabha constituency.

Anagani Satya Prasad is the current MLA of the constituency, having won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election from Telugu Desam Party. As of 2019, there are a total of 194,748 electors in the constituency. The constituency was established in 1951, as per the Delimitation Orders (1951).
2026 Hennepin County Attorney election
The 2026 Hennepin County Attorney election will be held on November 3, 2026, to elect the county attorney of Hennepin County, Minnesota. On August 7, 2025, incumbent county attorney Mary Moriarty announced that she would not seek re-election.

Mary Moriarty
Mary Frances Moriarty (born January 14, 1964) is an American attorney and elected official serving as the County Attorney of Hennepin County, Minnesota. She is a member of the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party (DFL). Moriarty previously served as the Chief Public Defender of Hennepin County.
2018 Oklahoma City mayoral election
The 2018 Oklahoma City mayoral election took place on February 13, 2018. Incumbent Mayor Mick Cornett did not seek re-election to a fifth term, instead opting to unsuccessfully run for Governor in the Republican primary.

Republican State Senator David Holt ran to succeed Cornett and faced two little-known opponents, University of Oklahoma student Taylor Neighbors and accountant Randall Smith. Holt won the election in a landslide, receiving 79 percent of the vote to Neighbors's 13 percent and Smith's 8 percent.

David Holt (politician)
David Holt (born March 10, 1979) is an American and Osage attorney and politician who has served since 2018 as the 38th mayor of Oklahoma City and since 2023 as dean of the Oklahoma City University School of Law. From 2010 to 2018, he served in the Oklahoma Senate, representing the 30th district.

Holt is Oklahoma City's first Native American mayor and the 83rd president of the United States Conference of Mayors. As mayor, Holt presided over the passage of MAPS 4 in 2019, a $1.1 billion initiative including 16 projects. In 2023, the City Council and the city's voters approved Holt's proposal to put at least $850 million of taxpayer money toward building a new $900 million arena, in return for an agreement by the Oklahoma City Thunder to play in the new arena for 25 years. In 2025, Holt announced that two sports and seven events of the 2028 Summer Olympics will be staged in Oklahoma City.
The Lover of Borneo
The Lover of Borneo (French: L'amant de Bornéo) is a 1942 French comedy film directed by Jean-Pierre Feydeau and René Le Hénaff and starring Arletty, Jean Tissier and André Alerme. The film was based on a 1941 stage play of the same title by Roger Ferdinand and José Germain. It was shot at the Cité Elgé Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jacques Colombier.

Jean Tissier
Jean Tissier (1896–1973) was a French stage, film and television actor.

A prolific actor, he had more than two hundred fifty appearances on screen during his career. He was married to the actress Georgette Tissier.
Paris (The Cure album)
Paris is a live album recorded by The Cure at Le Zénith de Paris in October 1992, during their Wish tour. The band announced the album in July 1993 and released it that October.

Paris was released at the same time as Show, which was recorded in the United States. The album features more cult classics like "The Figurehead" and "One Hundred Years" than Show, which is generally more single-friendly.

In mid-1996, Billboard reported that Paris had sold 95,000 copies in the United States by that point, much less than the 213,000 copies of Show sold there by the same point. The magazine described the release of the album "within a few weeks" of Show as exemplifying the "unorthodox career path" that the band had taken.

Wish (The Cure album)
Wish is the ninth studio album by the English rock band the Cure, released on 21 April 1992 by Fiction Records in the United Kingdom and Elektra Records in the United States. Wish was the most commercially successful album in the band's career, debuting at number one in the UK and number two in the US.

On 25 November 2022, a remastered 30th-anniversary deluxe edition of Wish was released, containing four previously unreleased demos with vocals, instrumental demos, the Lost Wishes instrumental cassette and remix versions.
Easy (Ralph McTell album)
Easy is the 1974 album by British Folk musician Ralph McTell. Guest musicians include folk pioneers Wizz Jones, Bert Jansch and Danny Thompson from Pentangle; Gerry Conway from Fotheringay; and Dave Mattacks from Fairport Convention. McTell started writing for the album at a friend's cottage in a tiny hamlet near the village of St Ewe, Cornwall. He fell in love with Cornwall and purchased a derelict cottage which he made habitable
and still possessed 30 years later.

Things were going well with the recording until Tony Visconti's manager tried to get McTell to sign with his “Rare Earth” production company. McTell's manager was his brother, Bruce, who thought it a bad idea, which resulted in Visconti being taken off the record. Danny Thompson and McTell finished the production. The cover painting was by Enrica Y Auque Serra. It was one of a pair of popular Victorian prints popularly known as "Morning" and "Evening".

Gerry Conway (musician)
Gerald Conway (11 September 1947 – 29 March 2024) was an English rock drummer and percussionist. He performed with the backing band for Cat Stevens in the 1970s, with Jethro Tull during the 1980s, and was a member of Fairport Convention from 1998 to 2022. Conway also worked as a session musician. He was married to vocalist Jacqui McShee, the singer of the band Pentangle, of which he was also a member.
Karnan (soundtrack)
Karnan is the soundtrack album for the 2021 Indian film of the same name, directed by Mari Selvaraj and produced by Kalaipuli S. Thanu. The film features music composed by Santhosh Narayanan with lyrics written by Yugabharathi and Mari Selvaraj.

Santhosh who joined the film's team in September 2019, during the pre-production works had started composing for the film during November. The soundtrack consists of folk genre numbers, being recorded by native folk artists from Tamil Nadu. The film has seven tracks with three instrumental numbers. While three of the songs which released as singles received positive response, the film's album launch was held at a formal event on 7 March 2021.

Santhosh Narayanan
Santhosh Narayanan (born 15 May 1983) is an Indian film composer, music producer and singer, primarily active in Tamil cinema, also having composed for notable Telugu and Malayalam films. Narayanan made his debut as an independent composer with the 2012 film Attakathi, directed by Pa. Ranjith. His further collaborations with directors Pa. Ranjith, Karthik Subbaraj, and Mari Selvaraj have resulted in celebrated scores for films such as Pizza (2012), Jigarthanda (2014), Kabali (2016), Vada Chennai (2018), Pariyerum Perumal (2018), Sarpatta Parambarai (2021), and Karnan (2021). Narayanan is considered a prominent figure in contemporary South Indian film music.
Miss Grand Paraguay 2022
Miss Grand Paraguay 2022 is the fifth edition of the Miss Grand Paraguay beauty contest, held at Hotel Guaraní in Asunción on 7 May 2022, and was beamed live to a virtual audience worldwide via the pageant YouTube channel named MGM Producciones as well as the national digital television network Unicanal.

Seventeen candidates competed for the national title, of which, Agatha Leon of Ciudad del Este was announced the winner and crowned by Jimena Sosa, Miss Grand Paraguay 2021. Leon will later represent the country at Miss Grand International 2022; programmed to be held in Indonesia on 25 October.

Miss Grand Paraguay 2021
Miss Grand Paraguay 2021 was the 4th edition of the Miss Grand Paraguay pageant, held on July 3, 2021, at the Hotel Guaraní in Asunción. The contest featured twenty-two candidates, either chosen through regional pageants or through central casting, competed for the title, of whom the representative from Colonias Unidas, Jimena Sosa, was named the winner. She then represented Paraguay in the Miss Grand International 2021 pageant in Thailand, but got a non-placement.
Andrew E. Rice
Andrew Eliot Rice (29 August 1922 – 1 June 2010) was an American academic and expert on international development. He founded the Society for International Development in 1957, and at Colorado State University he undertook research leading to the formation of the Peace Corps immediately prior to the John F. Kennedy administration. Later in life he was a lecturer at American University.

Society for International Development
The Society for International Development (SID) was founded in Washington, D.C., United States, in 1957.

SID has a network of individual and institutional members, local chapters and partner organisations, in more than 80 countries. It works with more than 100 associations, networks and institutions involving academia, parliamentarians, students, political leaders and development experts, both at local and international level.
Albertina Luthuli
Albertina Nomathuli Luthuli (born 14 March 1932) is a South African politician and medical doctor who represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 2004 to 2011. Before that, she served in the KwaZulu-Natal Provincial Legislature. She is the eldest daughter of ANC stalwart Albert Luthuli.

KwaZulu-Natal Legislature
The KwaZulu-Natal Legislature is the primary legislative body of the South African province of KwaZulu-Natal. It is unicameral in its composition and elects the premier and the provincial cabinet from among the leading party or coalition members in the parliament. Thami Ntuli of the Inkatha Freedom Party was elected Premier of KwaZulu-Natal at the first sitting of the provincial legislature on 14 June 2024.
Come Down
"Come Down" is a song by American alternative rock band Toad the Wet Sprocket, released as the first single from their fifth studio album, Coil (1997), in April 1997. The song peaked at number 51 on the US Billboard Hot 100 Airplay chart and number 38 on the Canadian RPM 100 Hit Tracks chart.

Coil (album)
Coil is the fifth studio album by American alternative rock band Toad the Wet Sprocket released in 1997. This was the band's last album for 16 years, until 2013's New Constellation.

As with previous albums, Coil was released under the Columbia Records label and produced by Gavin MacKillop.
Sulabesi Island
Sanana or Sulabesi Island (earlier name Xulla Besi) is an island south of Mangoli Island, and is part of the Sula Islands Regency in the North Maluku province of Indonesia. Sanana is also the name of that island's largest settlement, home to the Dutch era fort Benteng De Verwachting.

Sula Islands Regency
The Sula Islands Regency (Indonesian: Kabupaten Kepulauan Sula) is one of the regencies in North Maluku province of Indonesia. It was originally formed on 25 February 2003, when it encompassed the three large islands comprising the Sula Archipelago, together with minor adjacent islands. However, the largest and most westerly of the three, Taliabu, was split off from the Sula Islands Regency on 14 December 2012 to form a separate regency.

The remaining two islands which now comprise the Regency are Sulabesi (formerly Sanana) and Mangole (formerly Mangon or Mangoli). The residual regency covers a land area of 1,779.81 km2 and had a population of 85,215 at the 2010 Census and 104,082 at the 2020 Census; the official estimate as at mid 2024 was 105,095 (comprising 52,697 males and 52,398 females). The administrative capital is at the town of Sanana on the north part of the east coast of Sulabesi Island.
Marasim
Marasim (Urdu: مراسم, lit. 'Connections') is a Pakistani television series aired on A-Plus TV during 2014. It is produced by Humayun Saeed and Shahzad Nasib under Six Sigma Plus. It has Urwa Hocane, Ahsan Khan and Sonya Hussain in lead roles.

Humayun Saeed
Humayun Saeed (born 27 July 1971) is a Pakistani actor and producer. Describing himself as a method actor, Saeed is primarily known for his work on Pakistani television and cinema and is the recipient of several accolades, including Lux Style Awards and ARY Film Awards. Saeed also runs the Six Sigma Plus media production house  which produces television drama serials and commercial movies.