hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Anti-Chinese legislation in the United States
Anti-Chinese legislation in the United States was introduced in the United States that targeted Chinese migrants following the California gold rush and those coming to build the railway, including:

Anti-Coolie Act of 1862

Page Act of 1875

Chinese Exclusion Act of 1882

Pigtail Ordinance

Anti-Coolie Act
On February 19, 1862, the 37th United States Congress passed An Act to Prohibit the "Coolie Trade" by American Citizens in American Vessels. A similar act, which would be called the Anti-Coolie Act of 1862 in short, was passed by the California State Legislature in an attempt to appease rising anger among white laborers about salary competition created by the influx of Chinese immigrants at the height of the California Gold Rush. The act sought to protect white laborers by imposing a monthly tax on Chinese immigrants seeking to do business in the state of California.
İbrahim Şahin
İbrahim Şahin (born 20 August 1956) is a Turkish ultranationalist and co-conspirator in the murder of the Armenian journalist Hrant Dink.   He led General Directorate of Security's special forces unit, the Special Operations Department (Turkish: Özel Harekat Dairesi) and, following dismissal in 1996 for associating with ultra-nationalist drug trafficker and contract killer Abdullah Çatlı, was tarnished by complicity in the wide-ranging government conspiracy which became known as the Susurluk scandal. The event, which began with the November 1996 car crash which killed Çatlı and other prominent individuals, resulted in Şahin's arrest and subsequent acquittal.  His career, however, was effectively ended, and there were additional weapons-related charges in 1999, with a six-year prison term imposed in 2001.  In 2008 he suffered a memory-impairing traffic accident and, in 2009, was among 37 highly placed officials named in the government investigation of deep state organization Ergenekon.

General Directorate of Security (Turkey)
The General Directorate of Security (Turkish: Emniyet Genel Müdürlüğü, EGM), or the Turkish National Police, is the national civil police of Turkey primarily responsible for law enforcement in urban areas, whilst rural policing falls under the jurisdiction of the Gendarmerie General Command.
Idan Raichel
Idan Raichel (Hebrew: עידן רייכל, IPA: [(ʔ)iˈdan ˈʁaiχel]; b. 12 September 1977) is an Israeli singer-songwriter and musician known for his "Idan Raichel Project" (Hebrew: הפרויקט של עידן רייכל‎), distinctive for its fusion of electronics, traditional Hebrew texts, and diverse musical influences. Prior to the project, Raichel was a keyboardist, collaborating with artists such as Ivri Lider.

Ivri Lider
Ivri Lider (Hebrew: עברי לידר; born 10 February 1974) is an Israeli pop star and part of the duo TYP, also known as The Young Professionals. He served as a judge on the first season of The X Factor Israel.
1984 San Diego mayoral election
The 1984 San Diego mayoral election was held on November 6, 1984, to elect the mayor for San Diego. Incumbent mayor Roger Hedgecock stood for reelection.

Municipal elections in California are officially non-partisan, though some candidates do receive funding and support from various political parties. The non-partisan primary was held June 5, 1984. Roger Hedgecock and Dick Carlson received the most votes and advanced to the November runoff. Hedgecock was reelected with a majority of the votes in the November election.

Roger Hedgecock
Roger Allan Hedgecock (born May 2, 1946) is an American politician and conservative talk radio host, who served as 30th mayor of San Diego between May 1983 and December 1985. His show is syndicated by Radio America.
Stanley Dale's National Skiffle Contest
Stanley Dale's National Skiffle Contest toured the United Kingdom over 1957 and 1958. Headlined by the Vipers Skiffle Group and compèred by teen idol Jim Dale, the shows were based around a battle of the bands between local skiffle groups at each venue, with an advance to a promised television appearance for the winning acts. Twenty-one of the amateur groups appeared on the BBC's pop music programme Six-Five Special from February to August 1958. The final three competitors were the Woodlanders of Plymouth, the Saxons of Barking and the Double Three of Bury St Edmunds. No winner was officially announced.

The Vipers Skiffle Group
The Vipers Skiffle Group – later known simply as The Vipers – were one of the leading British groups during the skiffle period of the mid to late 1950s, and were important in the careers of radio and television presenter Wally Whyton, coffee bar manager Johnny Martyn, wire salesman Jean Van den Bosch, instrument repairer Tony Tolhurst, journalist John Pilgrim, record producer George Martin, and several members of The Shadows.
John, Duke of Östergötland
John of Sweden, Duke of Östergötland (Swedish: Johan; 18 April 1589 – 5 March 1618) was a Swedish royal dynast. He was titular Duke of Finland 1590–1606 and reigning Duke of Östergötland 1606–18.

His father was John III of Sweden and his mother was Gunilla Bielke. John's half-brother was King Sigismund III of Poland (1566–1632, reigned in Sweden in 1592–99, and in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in 1587–1632). His uncle was Charles IX of Sweden, who ruled from 1599 to 1611, and his first cousin was Gustav II Adolf of Sweden (1594–1632).

Duke of Finland
Duke of Finland (Finnish: Suomen herttua; Swedish: hertig av Finland) was an occasional title granted as a tertiogeniture to the relatives of the King of Sweden between the 13th and 17th centuries. It included a duchy along with feudal customs.

Starting with John III in the 1580s, Swedish monarchs adopted the style of Grand Duke of Finland. This title was used until 1720, revived in 1802–1805, and later adopted by the Russian emperors during the period of the Grand Duchy of Finland (1809–1917).
The Rape of Ganymede
The Rape of Ganymede, referring to the Greek god Jupiter kidnapping the handsome Ganymede and taking him to Mount Olympus, has been the subject of a number of notable paintings.

These include:

Ganymede Abducted by the Eagle (c. 1531–1532), a painting by Antonio da Correggio

The Rape of Ganymede (Mazza) (c. 1575), a painting by Damiano Mazza

The Rape of Ganymede (Rembrandt) (1635), a painting by Rembrandt

The Rape of Ganymede (Rubens) (1638–1639), a painting by Peter Paul Rubens

Ganymede Abducted by the Eagle

The Rape of Ganymede (Mazza)

The Rape of Ganymede (Rembrandt)

The Rape of Ganymede (Rubens)

The Rape of Ganymede (Rubens)
The Rape of Ganymede or The Abduction of Ganymede is a painting by the Flemish Baroque painter Peter Paul Rubens produced between 1636 and 1638 for the Spanish king Philip IV of Spain's hunting lodge. The painting is based on a story recounted in classical poet Ovid's Metamorphoses (X, 155-161).  It depicts the moment when the Roman supreme god Jupiter, acting through the form of an eagle, captures the young shepherd Ganymede and lifts him into the air. It is in the collection of the Museo del Prado in Madrid.  The dramatic scene gave Rubens ample opportunity to show his skill in depicting a lively scene around a beautiful male nude.

The context and name of the work is shared with an earlier Rubens c. 1611-1612, which instead portrays Ganymede's arrival on Olympus with the previous cup-bearer, Hebe, handing him her vessel as a banquet begins in the background.
Spihumonesty
Spihumonesty is an album by Muhal Richard Abrams, released on the Italian Black Saint label in 1979. It features performances by Abrams, George Lewis, Roscoe Mitchell, Amina Claudine Myers, Youseff Yancy, Leonard Jones, and Jay Clayton.

Muhal Richard Abrams
Muhal Richard Abrams (born Richard Lewis Abrams; September 19, 1930 – October 29, 2017) was an American educator, administrator, composer, arranger, clarinetist, cellist, and jazz pianist in the free jazz medium. He recorded and toured the United States, Canada and Europe with his orchestra, sextet, quartet, duo, and as a solo pianist.
Chief of the General Staff (Kazakhstan)
The Chief of the General Staff of the Kazakh Armed Forces is the professional head and the highest-ranking officer of the Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan. The armed forces were established in the summer of 1992 and the position of the chief of the general staff was created in November that same year, two days after the general staff of the national army was established.

Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan
The Armed Forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan (Kazakh: Қазақстан Республикасының Қарулы Күштері, Qazaqstan Respublikasynyñ Qaruly Küşterı; Russian: Вооружённые силы Республики Казахстан) are the unified armed forces of Kazakhstan. They consist of three branches (Ground Forces, Air Defense Forces, Naval Forces) as well as four independent formations (Air Assault Forces, Special Forces, Rocket and Artillery Forces, and Territorial Troops). The National Guard, Civil Defense, Border Service and the State Security Service serve as militarized affiliates of the armed forces. The national defence policy aims are based on the Constitution of Kazakhstan. They guarantee the preservation of the independence and sovereignty of the state and the integrity of its land area, territorial waters and airspace and its constitutional order. The armed forces of Kazakhstan act under the authority of the Kazakhstan Ministry of Defence.
Bark beater
In many traditional cultures, bark beaters were tools used to pound tree bark, to make the bark softer for the processing of barkcloth, which is used for making paper, and clothing. This tool has many different variations that are seen in indigenous cultures worldwide, yet all for a similar purpose.

Barkcloth
Barkcloth or bark cloth is a versatile material that was once common in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific.  Barkcloth comes primarily from trees of the family Moraceae, including Broussonetia papyrifera, Artocarpus altilis, Artocarpus tamaran, and Ficus natalensis.  It is made by beating sodden strips of the fibrous inner bark of these trees into sheets, which are then finished into a variety of items. Many texts that mention "paper clothing" are actually referring to barkcloth.

Some modern cotton-based fabrics are also named "barkcloth" for their resemblance to these traditional fabrics.
Paul Peterson (golfer)
Paul Peterson (born July 1, 1988) is an American professional golfer. He has played on the European Tour, Korn Ferry Tour, Asian Tour, Japan Golf Tour and the Canadian Tour. His biggest wins have been in the 2016 D+D Real Czech Masters and the 2018 Leopalace21 Myanmar Open.

Korn Ferry Tour
The Korn Ferry Tour is the developmental tour for the U.S.-based PGA Tour, and features professional golfers who have either not yet reached the PGA Tour, or who have done so but then failed to win enough FedEx Cup points to stay at that level. Those who finish in the top 20 of the money list at year's end are given PGA Tour memberships for the next season. Since the 2013 season, the Korn Ferry Tour has been the primary pathway for those seeking to earn their PGA Tour card. Q-School, which had previously been the primary route for qualification to the PGA Tour, has been converted as an entryway to the Korn Ferry Tour.
Michael Vitez
Michael Thomas Vitez (born April 11, 1957) is an American Pulitzer Prize-winning journalist and author. He is the son of immigrants, his father having fled from Budapest, Hungary in 1939, and his mother came to America from Europe as a German Jew in 1941; both leaving their homeland to escape from Hitler's reign. He is the Director of Narrative Medicine at the Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, after serving as a journalist over a three decade career (1985-2015) with The Philadelphia Inquirer.

His work at the Inquirer was focused on human-interest stories. In 1997, Vitez, along with Inquirer photographers April Saul and Ron Cortes, was awarded the Pulitzer Prize in Explanatory Journalism for a series of articles he wrote on end-of-life care, telling the stories of terminally ill patients who wished to die with dignity. He has authored four books, one based on his Pulitzer Prize-winning stories, Final Choices.

Lewis Katz School of Medicine
The Lewis Katz School of Medicine (LKSOM) is located on the Health Science Campus of Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is one of seven schools of medicine in Pennsylvania that confers the Doctor of Medicine (MD) degree. It also confers Ph.D and M.S. degrees in biomedical science, and offers a Narrative Medicine program.

In July 2014, Lewis Katz School of Medicine's scientists became the first to remove HIV from human cells. As of 2015, Temple University's Fox Chase Cancer Center is ranked the ninth-best hospital for adult cancer by U.S. News & World Report. In 2024, LKSOM received 12,939 applications for a class of 221 students, ranking eighth in number of applicants among the 158 MD schools in the United States.
Perceive Its Beauty, Acknowledge Its Grace
Perceive Its Beauty, Acknowledge Its Grace is the solo debut studio album of London jazz musician Shabaka Hutchings, working under the name Shabaka. It was released by Impulse! Records on 12 April 2024. The album was preceded by two singles, "End of Innocence" and "I'll Do Whatever You Want".

The album follows Hutchings's hiatus from the saxophone and the end of his bands Sons of Kemet and the Comet Is Coming, and sees him focusing on different types of flutes, including the shakuhachi and the svirel, as well as the clarinet.

The album was recorded in Van Gelder Studio in 2022. Hutchings shared producing duties with Dilip Harris, and brought in a long list of collaborators including his own father Anum Iyapo, André 3000, Laraaji, and Floating Points. Musically, it focuses on jazz and new age music. Critical reception for the album was positive, highlighting the boldness of Hutchings's shift in style.

Laraaji
Laraaji (born Edward Larry Gordon, 3 May 1943) is an American multi-instrumentalist specializing in piano, zither and mbira. His albums include  the 1980 release Ambient 3: Day of Radiance, produced by Brian Eno as part of his Ambient series.
JJC8-089
JJC8-089 is a dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) that was derived from modafinil and is related to JJC8-016, JJC8-088, and JJC8-091. Its affinity (Ki) for the dopamine transporter (DAT) is 37.8 nM, for the norepinephrine transporter (NET) is 11,820 nM (313-fold lower than for the DAT), for the serotonin transporter (SERT) is 6,800 nM (180-fold lower than for the DAT), and for the sigma σ1 receptor is 2.24 nM (17-fold higher than for the DAT). It also has significant affinity for several dopamine receptors. JJC8-089 has substantially higher affinity for the DAT than modafinil. The drug shows pro-motivational effects in animals. It was first described in the scientific literature by 2016.

JJC8-016
JJC8-016 is an atypical dopamine reuptake inhibitor (DRI) derived from modafinil. It was an early lead in the development of novel modafinil analogues with improved properties for potential use in the treatment of psychostimulant use disorder (PSUD).
December (Kenny Loggins album)
December is the tenth studio and first Christmas album by American singer-songwriter Kenny Loggins.  Released in 1998, it contains several Christmas music standards, such as "White Christmas" and "Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas," along with several other lesser-known holiday songs (such as "Walking In The Air" from the television special "The Snowman"), as well as a few Loggins originals.
Musicians include  Peter Kater also the co-producer, Russ Kunkel, veteran
Loggins and Messina reed player Jon Clarke,  David Crosby and Graham Nash.

Russ Kunkel
Russell Kunkel (born September 27, 1948) is an American drummer who has worked as a session musician with many popular artists, including Jackson Browne, Jimmy Buffett, Harry Chapin, Rita Coolidge, Neil Diamond, Bob Dylan, Cass Elliot, Dan Fogelberg, Glenn Frey, Art Garfunkel, Carole King, Leah Kunkel, Lyle Lovett, Reba McEntire, Joni Mitchell, Stevie Nicks, Nitty Gritty Dirt Band, Linda Ronstadt, Bob Seger, Carly Simon, Stephen Stills, James Taylor, Joe Walsh, Steve Winwood, Bill Withers, Neil Young, and Warren Zevon. He was the studio and touring drummer for Crosby & Nash in the 1970s and played on all four of their studio albums.
Radikal jung
Radikal jung – Das Festival junger Regisseure (Radical Young, the Festival for Young Directors) is an annual weeklong German theatre festival at the Münchner Volkstheater, Munich. It began in 2005, as a forum and stage for the next generation of directors.

A jury will select productions by young directors of German theater to stage. At the end of the festival week an audience prize of €2,500 is awarded. Parallel to the performances is a supporting program and public discussions with the directors and a member of the jury abouts the future of theater and new ways of funding.

Münchner Volkstheater
Münchner Volkstheater, or Munich People's Theater, is a company based in the Bavarian capital and operated by the cultural office of the city government. Its original performing home opened in 1903. This was rebuilt in 1955, in 1983 and finally in 2021. It now can hold over 800 spectators. Since 2002, Christian Stückl has served as the company's Intendant.
Earth vs. the Spider (2001 film)
Earth vs. the Spider is a 2001 science fiction horror television film directed by Scott Ziehl. It is the second of a series of films made for Cinemax paying tribute to the films of American International Pictures. The films in this tribute series reused the titles of old American International Pictures films, in this case the 1958 Bert I. Gordon film Earth vs. the Spider, but are not remakes of the earlier films. The film centers on a shy, obsessive comic book fan who gets injected with an experimental serum derived from spiders, which gives him minor superpowers. More horrific changes occur, slowly transforming him into a grotesque human spider hybrid. A detective begins to investigate when bodies start to pile up covered in cobwebs. The film was nominated for the Saturn Award at the Academy of Science Fiction, Fantasy, and Horror Films, USA.

Cinemax
Cinemax is an American premium television network and service owned by Home Box Office, Inc., a subsidiary of Warner Bros. Discovery. Launched on August 1, 1980, as a "maxi-pay" service to complement the offerings of its sister premium network, HBO (Home Box Office), Cinemax initially focused on recent and classic films. Today, its programming primarily includes recent and classic theatrically released films, original series, documentaries, and special behind-the-scenes features.

It operates five 24-hour linear channels and offers a traditional subscription video-on-demand service called Cinemax On Demand. Cinemax previously provided a TV Everywhere streaming platform, Cinemax Go, which is no longer available. However, its linear channels are accessible through multichannel video programming distributors such as Apple TV, Amazon Video, and Roku.
Brian David Stevens
Brian David Stevens (born 1970) is a British photographer, based in London. He has made work on sound systems of Notting Hill Carnival, war veterans, the Grenfell Tower fire, the British coastline and the suicide spot of Beachy Head. Stevens' work is held in the collections of the National Portrait Gallery, London and National Galleries of Scotland.

Sound system (DJ)
A sound system is a group of DJs and audio engineers contributing and working together as one, playing and producing music over a large PA system or sound reinforcement system, typically for a dance event or party.
Play Dirty (2025 film)
Play Dirty is a 2025 American heist action thriller film co-written and directed by Shane Black. It is based on the Parker book series by Donald E. Westlake, written under the pen name Richard Stark. The film stars Mark Wahlberg as the lead character Parker and LaKeith Stanfield as Grofield, another recurring Stark character, along with Rosa Salazar, Keegan-Michael Key, Chukwudi Iwuji, Nat Wolff, Gretchen Mol, Thomas Jane, and Tony Shalhoub. It was released by Amazon MGM Studios via Prime Video on October 1, 2025.

Amazon MGM Studios
Amazon MGM Studios is an American film and television production and distribution company owned by Amazon, and headquartered at the Culver Studios complex in Culver City, California. Launched in November 2010 as Amazon Studios, the company adopted its name in October 2023 after its merger with MGM Holdings, which Amazon had acquired the year prior.

Productions from the studio are primarily distributed through theaters and Amazon's own streaming media service, Amazon Prime Video.

Alongside Amazon Prime Video, the company constitutes one half of Amazon's membership in the Motion Picture Association (MPA), which it joined in October 2024.
Himal Karki
Himal Karki (Nepali: हिमाल कार्की) is a  aNepalese Politician and member of the 2nd Koshi Provincial Assembly. Karki is also the deputy leader of the Nepali Congress party in the Provincial Assembly. He served as Minister for Physical Infrastructure Development of Province No. 1 from November 2021 to January 2023.

Koshi Provincial Assembly
The Koshi Provincial Assembly also known as the Koshi Pradesh Sabha, (Nepali: कोशी प्रदेश सभा) is the unicameral legislature of Koshi Province, one of the seven provinces in Nepal. The assembly is seated at the provincial capital at Biratnagar in Morang District at the District Coordination Committee Office. The assembly has 93 members of whom 56 are elected through first-past-the-post voting and 37 are elected through proportional representation. The term of the assembly is 5 years unless dissolved earlier.

The First Provincial Assembly was constituted in 2017, after the 2017 provincial elections. The current assembly was elected in November 2022.
Ahmad Shah Khagga
Ahmad Shah Khagga (born 24 September 1966) is a Pakistani politician who had been a member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from August 2018 till January 2023. Previously he was a Member of the Provincial Assembly of the Punjab from May 2013 to May 2018. He has been member of privilege committee and member of planning and development committee from 2013 to 2018. He was also in office as Parliamentary Secretary of Energy.

Provincial Assembly of the Punjab
The Provincial Assembly of the Punjab, also known as the Punjab Assembly, is the supreme legislative body of Punjab, a province of Pakistan. It convenes at the Assembly Building in Lahore, the capital of Punjab. It is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives; and was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 371 seats, with 297 general seats, 66 seats reserved for women and 8 reserved for non-Muslims.
Halfway to Shanghai
Halfway to Shanghai is a 1942 American adventure film directed by John Rawlins and written by Stuart Palmer. The film stars Kent Taylor, Irene Hervey, Henry Stephenson, J. Edward Bromberg, George Zucco and Charles Wagenheim. The film was released on September 18, 1942, by Universal Pictures.

Kent Taylor
Kent Taylor (born Louis William Weiss; May 11, 1906 – April 11, 1987) was an American actor of film and television. Taylor appeared in more than 110 films, the bulk of them B-movies in the 1930s and 1940s, although he also had roles in more prestigious studio releases, including Merrily We Go to Hell (1932), I'm No Angel (1933), Cradle Song (1933), Death Takes a Holiday (1934), Payment on Demand (1951), and Track the Man Down (1955).  He had the lead role in Half Past Midnight in 1948, among a few others.