hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Russ Hathaway
Russell Grant Hathaway (January 14, 1896 – August 19, 1988) was an American professional football player for eight seasons in the early National Football League (NFL) for the Muncie Flyers, Dayton Triangles, Pottsville Maroons and Buffalo Bisons.

Muncie Flyers
The Muncie Flyers, known as the Congerville Flyers for most of their existence, were a professional American football team from Muncie, Indiana, that played from 1905 to 1926. The Flyers were an independent squad for most of their existence, but are remembered mostly for their very brief stint in the American Professional Football Association (later known as the National Football League). With only three official league games, one in 1920 and two in 1921, the Flyers are the third-shortest-lived team in league history, behind the two games of the original New York Giants and the one game of the Tonawanda Kardex Lumbermen, and the shortest by a team not from the state of New York.
Live at the Black Musicians' Conference, 1981
Live at the Black Musicians' Conference, 1981 is a live album by saxophonist Marion Brown and pianist Dave Burrell. It was recorded on April 10, 1981, at the Black Musicians' Conference at University of Massachusetts Amherst, Massachusetts, and was released in 2018 by NoBusiness Records. The album features two compositions by Brown, three by Burrell, and two by Billy Strayhorn.

Billy Strayhorn
William Thomas Strayhorn (November 29, 1915 – May 31, 1967) was an American jazz composer, pianist, lyricist, and arranger who collaborated with bandleader and composer Duke Ellington for nearly three decades. His compositions include "Take the 'A' Train", "Chelsea Bridge", "A Flower Is a Lovesome Thing", and "Lush Life".
Sadeq Chubak
Sādeq Chubak (Persian: صادق چوبک, sometimes Sādegh Choubak; August 5, 1916 – July 3, 1998), was an Iranian author of short fiction, drama, and novels. His short stories are characterized by their intricacy, economy of detail, and concentration on a single theme, leading some to compare them to Persian miniature paintings. Choubak was a naturalist, and his novels reflected the dark side of society. He was a very close friend of Sadegh Hedayat who was an influential writer at that time.

Sadegh Hedayat
Sadegh Hedayat (Persian: صادق هدایت, Persian pronunciation: [ˈsɑːdɛq-ɛ hɛdɑːˈjæt] listenⓘ; 17 February 1903 – 9 April 1951) was an Iranian writer, translator, satirist, and poet. Best known for his novel The Blind Owl, he was one of the earliest Iranian writers to adopt literary modernism in their career. He is widely considered to be the father of the atheist movement in Iran.
Bent Image Lab
BENT IMAGE LAB (or BENT) is an American animation studio and production company specializing in story development, television, commercials, visual effects, music videos, short films, experimental techniques and tech development in augmented reality (AR). Located in Portland, Oregon, the company was founded in 2002 by partners David Daniels, Ray Di Carlo, and Chel White.

Beginning in 2010, the studio began the production and development of television projects, including half hour animated holiday specials for the Hallmark Channel and animated segments for Portlandia. The company is also known for its visual effects work in motion pictures and television, as seen in Gus Van Sant's Paranoid Park, Restless and Milk, in Todd Haynes' I'm Not There, as well as NBC's Grimm (TV Series). Since 2014, the studio has been developing augmented reality (AR) technology and plans to launch their convergent computer vision library in fall of 2019.

Portlandia
Portlandia is an American sketch comedy television series starring Fred Armisen and Carrie Brownstein, set in and around Portland, Oregon, and spoofing the city's reputation as a haven for eccentric hipsters. The show was produced by Broadway Video Television and IFC Original Productions. It was created by Armisen and Brownstein, along with Jonathan Krisel, who directed it. It debuted on IFC in 2011 and concluded in 2018 after eight seasons.

The show shared its title with the sculpture of the same name that sits above the entrance of the Portland Building on Fifth Avenue in downtown Portland, which appears in the show's title sequence.  The show won a Peabody Award.
Henry Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea
Henry Arthur Cadogan, Viscount Chelsea, DL (born Henry Arthur Cadogan; 13 June 1868 – 2 July 1908) was a British Army officer, civil servant and politician.

This Viscount Chelsea (the title is a courtesy title) was a Conservative Member of the House of Commons (MP) elected twice to the seat of Bury St Edmunds.  He was previously a captain in the 3rd Battalion of the Royal Fusiliers and a civil servant to the Prime Minister. His father was a major developer of part of Kensington and Chelsea and represented the Crown in Ireland.  Henry became his expectant heir from the age of 10 but had no sons who survived childhood and he predeceased his father at the age of 40.

His wife, Cecilia Mildred Harriet Sturt, had a less notable career than Henry. She suffered the loss of her husband and two years later, that of their only son but that year married again and being widowed again, married youngest son of the Duke of Manchester.

Royal Fusiliers
The Royal Fusiliers (City of London Regiment) was a line infantry regiment of the British Army in continuous existence for 283 years. It was known as the 7th Regiment of Foot until the Childers Reforms of 1881.

The regiment served in many wars and conflicts throughout its long existence, including the Second Boer War, the First World War and the Second World War. In 1968, the regiment was amalgamated with the other regiments of the Fusilier Brigade – the Royal Northumberland Fusiliers, the Royal Warwickshire Fusiliers and the Lancashire Fusiliers – to form a new large regiment, the Royal Regiment of Fusiliers.

The Royal Fusiliers War Memorial, a monument dedicated to the almost 22,000 Royal Fusiliers who died during the First World War, stands on Holborn in the City of London.
Riverdale (provincial electoral district)
Riverdale was a provincial riding in Ontario, Canada that existed from 1914 to 1999. It occupied an area east of the Don River from the city limits just north of Danforth Avenue south to Lake Ontario. It was named after the neighbourhood of Riverdale. In 1999 a major reduction in Ontario seats resulted in Riverdale being merged with part of East York into a larger riding called Broadview-Greenwood.

The 1964 by-election in this riding is well known for being among the first elections in Canadian history where a party (the NDP) used door to door canvassing and a get out the vote effort.

Beaches (provincial electoral district)
Beaches was a provincial riding in Toronto, Ontario represented in the  Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1926 to 1967. It was carved completely out of the existing riding of York East. Its boundaries remained the same until 1967 when it was merged with the neighbouring riding of Woodbine to become Beaches—Woodbine. Other than a single session in the 1940s, the riding was steadfastly Conservative in its voting preference.
2021 NACAM Formula 4 Championship
The 2021 NACAM Formula 4 Championship season was planned to be the sixth season of the NACAM Formula 4 Championship. It was supposed to begin on 3 June at Autódromo Monterrey in Apodaca and end on 7 November at Autódromo Hermanos Rodríguez in Mexico City after five rounds. However, because of the pandemic issues, four non-championship events were held instead.

Autódromo Monterrey
The Autódromo Monterrey is a racetrack in Apodaca, Nuevo León, Mexico, in the Monterrey metropolitan area. The track currently is operated by DIPSA and host races for NASCAR México, drag racing, karting and Volks races.
Seat of the Cortes of Castile and León
The Seat of the Cortes of Castile and León (Spanish: Sede de las Cortes de Castilla y León) is a legislative building opened in 2007 for the Cortes of Castile and León, situated in the city of Valladolid.

Cortes of Castile and León
The Cortes of Castile and León (Spanish: Cortes de Castilla y León) is the elected unicameral legislature of the Autonomous Community of Castile and León.

The tradition of the regional Cortes is traced back to the Royal Council (Latin: Curia Regis) of León (1188). The Curia Regis was a king's summons of the estates of the realm. Although the practical outcome of the Curia Regis of 1188 is still disputed, its charter seems to be an early move towards the rule of constitutional law, much like Magna Carta. The  Cortes of Castile and León is seated in the city of Valladolid.
Patrick Kaufusi
Patrick Kaufusi (born 18 February 1994) is a former Tonga international rugby league footballer who last played as a prop for the Townsville Blackhawks in the Intrust Super Cup.

He previously played for the North Queensland Cowboys, Melbourne Storm and the St George Illawarra Dragons in the NRL.

Townsville Blackhawks
The Townsville & Districts Blackhawks are an Australian semi-professional rugby league football club based in Townsville, Queensland. They compete in Queensland's top rugby league competition, the Queensland Cup. The club was admitted to the Queensland Cup in September 2014, first competing in the 2015 season. The side plays their home games at Jack Manski Oval.
Hinderclay
Hinderclay is a village and civil parish in the Mid Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. The village is located around 14 miles (23 km) - from Bury St Edmunds in an area of rolling arable land to the south of the Little Ouse river valley. Neighbouring villages include Thelnetham and Rickinghall. In 2005 its population was 340. The parish also contains the hamlet of Thorpe Street.

The parish church is dedicated to St Mary and was thatched until 1842. Hinderclay Hall is to the south of the village. A tower mill used to stand in The Street. It was demolished either in 1920 or 1955. Two pubs used to exist in the village. First, the Bell (formerly Six Bells) is now residential and known as Orchard House. The old pub was also located close to a bend in the road still known locally as "Bells Corner" (on Bells Lane) and secondly, the Crown.

Thelnetham
Thelnetham is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk in eastern England. Located on the southern bank of the River Little Ouse (the Norfolk-Suffolk border), six miles west of Diss, in 2005 its population was 230. The village of Blo' Norton lies on the Norfolk side of the river. The name of the village derives from the Old English words "thel" which means a plank bridge, "elfitu" meaning swans and "hamm" meaning a meadow or enclosure. Hence the village is the "meadow with the plank bridge and the swans".
Kwanbuk
Kwanbuk, or Gwanbuk (Korean: 관북), is a region of Korea now comprising the northeast provinces of Ryanggang, North Hamgyong, South Hamgyong, and the Rajin-Sonbong Special Economic Zone. It borders the Kwansŏ region to the west and the Kwandong region to the east, and faces the Sea of Japan to the east.

Its name, Kwanbuk, means "North of the Ridge". The ridge in question is the Machon mountain range (Hanja: 摩天嶺; North Korean (Munhwa'ŏ): 마천령 machŏnryŏng; South Korean (Pyojuneo): 마천영 macheonyeong). Machŏnryŏng is a part of the greater Hamgyong mountain range that runs through northeast Korea.

Kwanbuk can further be divided into another subregion, Kwannam (關南/관남, gwannam), which demarcates South Hamgyong from the rest of the region.

In modern times, the name has fallen out of use in most parts of Korea.

Kwansŏ
Kwansŏ (Korean: 관서), or Gwanseo, is a region of Korea. It lies in the northwest of the Korean Peninsula, occupied by the North Korean provinces of North Pyongan, South Pyongan, and Chagang, as well as the cities of Pyongyang and Nampo.
Raymond Cross
Raymond "Ray" Cross (August 24, 1948 – January 24, 2023) was an American attorney and law professor from the U.S. state of North Dakota. He was a member of the Mandan, Hidatsa, and Arikara Nation, also known as the Three Affiliated Tribes, and a former professor of American Indian Law at the University of Montana. As an attorney, Cross represented Native Americans in multiple landmark trials, including two U.S. Supreme Court cases, and successfully won a compensation claim against the U.S. government for the flooding of 156,000 acres of tribal land in North Dakota due to the construction of the Garrison Dam.

University of Montana
The University of Montana (UM) is a public research university in Missoula, Montana, United States. UM is a flagship institution of the Montana University System and its second largest campus. Fall 2024 saw total enrollment hit 10,811, marking the highest total enrollment for UM since 2018.

It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" as of 2022.

Alumni include 11 Truman Scholars, 14 Goldwater Scholars, and 40 Udall Scholars. One alumnus, Harold Urey, has won the Nobel Prize.
First Presbyterian Church (Marion, North Carolina)
First Presbyterian Church is a historic Presbyterian church located behind the Marion Recreation building, near the Marion Library, at 79 Academy Street in Marion, McDowell County, North Carolina. Established in 1845, it was the first organized church of any denomination in the town of Marion. The church is a "daughter" of two older Presbyterian missions in the region: the Muddy Creek Mission (which became Drusilla Church) and the Pleasant Gardens Mission (which became Siloam Church).

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1991. It is located in the Main Street Historic District.

Main Street Historic District (Marion, North Carolina)
The Main Street Historic District is a 21-acre (8.5 ha) national historic district located at Marion, McDowell County, North Carolina. It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1991.  In 1991, it included 36 buildings deemed to contribute to the historic character of the area and one other contributing site.

Specifically included in the Main Street Historic District are: one church: First Baptist (1914); two former hotels: the Eagle Hotel, which survived the 1894 fire, and the Hotel Marianna (1910); a bank on Main Street built in 1903; the McDowell County Courthouse, which was constructed in 1928; the Public Library (1937), which was originally built as a post office; and the Marion Community Building, built in 1937. Projects are currently underway to revitalize the downtown area as well as to maintain and restore the character of the long-standing buildings.
Melanie Campbell
Melanie Crombie Williams Campbell is a professor of physics at the University of Waterloo. Cross-appointed with the School of Optometry and Vision Science, she is known for the development of light activated treatments for eye disease and non-invasive imaging techniques for the detection of Alzheimer's disease through the identification of retinal amyloids.

Canadian Association of Physicists
Canadian Association of Physicists (CAP), or in French Association canadienne des physiciens et physiciennes (ACP) is a Canadian professional society that focuses on creating awareness among Canadians and Canadian legislators of physics issues, sponsoring physics related events, physics outreach, and publishes Physics in Canada. It was founded in July 1945. The organization has over 1,600 members and is bilingual, functioning in English and French.
Minimum Wage (song)
"Minimum Wage" is a song recorded by American country music singer Blake Shelton, serving as the second single from his twelfth studio album Body Language. It was released on January 15, 2021 through Warner Records. The song was produced by Scott Hendricks and written by Corey Crowder, Jesse Frasure, and Nicolle Galyon. Following the live debut of "Minimum Wage" on December 31, 2020, various music critics and the general public described the money-centric lyrics as insensitive and tone deaf, amidst economic consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic. Shelton later addressed the criticism, revealing he felt listeners misinterpreted the song.

Jesse Frasure
Jesse Vernon Frasure (born September 18, 1981), also known as DJ Telemitry, is an American music publisher, record producer, songwriter, and DJ. He has written 22 number one songs and has cuts with various artists including Chris Stapleton, Marshmello, Miranda Lambert, Kacey Musgraves, Thomas Rhett, Leon Bridges, Kane Brown, Jelly Roll, Blake Shelton, Cole Swindell, Meghan Trainor, Florida Georgia Line and more.

Frasure won BMI's Country Songwriter Of The Year Award in 2018 and 2021. He has been Grammy nominated twice and was nominated as ACM's Songwriter Of The Year in 2022. He has also received six consecutive CMA Triple Play Awards for having written three number one radio songs in a 12-month period.
Dina Halpern
Dina Halpern (15 July 1909, Warsaw – 18 February 1989, Chicago) was a Polish-born actress of the Yiddish theater, who came to the United States in 1938, on the eve of the Second World War, and spent the rest of her life there. She first became famous in the 1930s for her roles on the Yiddish stage in Poland, as well as in Yiddish-language films. After the war she performed with great success in Yiddish theaters in the U.S., especially in Chicago, where she made her home; and toured internationally, both as a guest star and a director of Yiddish troupes. Also well known for her recitations, she was highly regarded as an interpreter of classic and contemporary Yiddish poetry. Halpern won the Itzik Manger Prize in 1988.

Halpern was a niece of the renowned Yiddish actress Ester Rachel Kaminska, and a cousin of Kamińska's daughter, the actress Ida Kamińska.

Ester Rachel Kamińska
Ester Rachel Kamińska (Yiddish: אסתּר־רחל קאַמינסקאַ‎; née Ester-Rokhl Halpern Porozów, 10 March 1870 – Warsaw, 25 December 1925) was a Polish actress of Jewish descent, known as the mother of Yiddish theatre.
Garth Graham
Garth N. Graham is an American cardiologist, public health expert, tech and healthcare executive. He is a faculty member at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health and serves as the managing director and Global Head of Healthcare and Public Health at Google Health, as well as the Head of YouTube Health. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Medicine.

Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health
The Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health is the public health school at Harvard University, located in the Longwood Medical Area of Boston, Massachusetts. It was named after Hong Kong entrepreneur Chan Tseng-hsi in 2014 following a US$350 million donation, the largest in Harvard's history at the time.

The school grew out of the Harvard–MIT School for Health Officers, the country's first graduate training program in population health, which was founded in 1913 and became the Harvard School of Public Health in 1922.
The King of Bernina
The King of Bernina (German: Der König der Bernina) is a 1957 Austrian-Swiss historical drama film directed by Alfred Lehner and starring Helmuth Schneider, Waltraut Haas and Walter Janssen.

The film's sets were designed by the art director Nino Borghi. It was shot at the Rosenhügel Studios in Vienna. Location shooting took place in the Swiss Alps. The film was made using Agfacolor. It was based on a classic novel which had previously been filmed in Hollywood as Eternal Love (1929) by Ernst Lubitsch.

Set during the Napoleonic era, it is part of the heimatfilm tradition of the post-war years. It is also a re-envisioning of the mountain film genre.

Waltraut Haas
Waltraut Haas (9 June 1927 – 23 April 2025) was an Austrian actress and singer who appeared in around 70 films. She gained recognition in her first film, as Mariandl in Der Hofrat Geiger in 1947, and starred alongside Peter Alexander in 1960 in Im weißen Rößl. She was regarded as one of Austria's most popular actresses for decades. From the 1970s, she focused on the stage again and remained active on stage at age 90.
Euler's criterion
In number theory, Euler's criterion is a formula for determining whether an integer is a quadratic residue modulo a prime. Precisely,

Let p be an odd prime and a be an integer coprime to p. Then

Euler's criterion can be concisely reformulated using the Legendre symbol:

The criterion dates from a 1748 paper by Leonhard Euler.

Fermat's little theorem
In number theory, Fermat's little theorem states that if p is a prime number, then for any integer a, the number ap − a is an integer multiple of p. In the notation of modular arithmetic, this is expressed as

For example, if a = 2 and p = 7, then 27 = 128, and 128 − 2 = 126 = 7 × 18 is an integer multiple of 7.

If a is not divisible by p; that is, if a is coprime to p, then Fermat's little theorem is equivalent to the statement that ap − 1 − 1 is an integer multiple of p, or in symbols:

For example, if a = 2 and p = 7, then 26 = 64, and 64 − 1 = 63 = 7 × 9 is a multiple of 7.

Fermat's little theorem is the basis for the Fermat primality test and is one of the fundamental results of elementary number theory. The theorem is named after Pierre de Fermat, who stated it in 1640. It is called the "little theorem" to distinguish it from Fermat's Last Theorem.
Høgtunga (Lom)
Høgtunga is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 1,634-metre (5,361 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal and about 33 kilometres (21 mi) southwest of the village of Beitostølen. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Reinstinden to the north; Surtningssue to the northeast; Tjønnholstinden and Knutsholstinden to the southeast; Store Rauddalseggje to the west; and Storådalshøe, Hinnotefjellet, Nestsøre Hellstugutinden, and Søre Hellstugutinden to the northwest.

Søre Hellstugutinden
Søre Hellstugutinden is a mountain in Lom Municipality in Innlandet county, Norway. The 2,189-metre (7,182 ft) tall mountain is located in the Jotunheimen mountains within Jotunheimen National Park. The mountain sits about 40 kilometres (25 mi) northeast of the village of Øvre Årdal and about 53 kilometres (33 mi) southwest of the village of Vågåmo. The mountain is surrounded by several other notable mountains including Surtningssue to the east; Reinstinden and Hinnotefjellet to the southeast; Storådalshøe to the south; Semeltinden to the southwest; Urdadalstindene to the northwest; Nestsøre Hellstugutinden, Store Hellstugutinden, Midtre Hellstugutinden, and Nørdre Hellstugutinden to the north; and Store Memurutinden and Austre Memurutinden to the northeast.
Sports in Nepal
Sport in Nepal is an important part of Nepalese culture, encompassing both traditional Nepalese games and modern international disciplines. While Nepal has a long history of traditional sports, the contemporary era is dominated by cricket, football, and volleyball.

On May 23, 2017, the Government of Nepal officially declared volleyball as the national sport, succeeding traditional games like dandi biyo and kabaddi, which were previously considered the de facto national games.

National sport
A national sport is a physical activity or sport that is culturally significant or deeply embedded in a nation, serving as a national symbol and an intrinsic element to a nation's identity and culture.

Several sovereign states and constituent states have formally recognized a specific activity as their national sport, typically favouring sports with origins stemming from their own countries. Conversely, in many other nations, the designation of a national sport is an informal acknowledgment bestowed upon an activity that is either widely embraced or holds historical and cultural significance to that nation.