hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto
The House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto (Italian: Casa di Marco Lucrezio Frontone, V.4.a) is a Roman house in Pompeii with well-preserved wall paintings in both the late Third Style as well as the Fourth Style.

Pompeian Styles
The Pompeian Styles are four periods which are distinguished in ancient Roman mural painting. They were originally delineated and described by the German archaeologist August Mau (1840–1909) from the excavation of wall paintings at Pompeii, which is one of the largest groups of surviving Roman frescoes.

The wall painting styles have allowed art historians to delineate phases of interior decoration leading up to the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in 79 AD between stylistic shifts in Roman art during late Republican and Augustan periods.

The four main styles of Roman wall painting defined are: structural (or incrustation), architectural, ornamental, and intricate. Each style following the first contains aspects of the previous styles. The first two styles (incrustation and architectural) were from the Republican period (related to Hellenistic Greek wall painting) and the last two (ornamental and intricate) from the Imperial period.
Sehome, Bellingham, Washington
Sehome is a neighborhood in Bellingham, Washington, United States. It was the first town on Bellingham Bay and was founded in May 1858 by coal mine manager Edmund C. Fitzhugh, who named the settlement for his father-in-law, S'Klallam chief Sehome. The townsite was originally owned by the Bellingham Bay and British Columbia Railroad, which operated the Bellingham Bay Coal Mine until it closed in 1878. The town of Sehome was amalgamated in 1891 with three other settlements into New Whatcom, which was later renamed to Bellingham.

The neighborhood now constitutes the southern part of downtown Bellingham and nearby residential areas that were developed in the early 20th century. It includes the Sehome Hill Arboretum and is adjacent to the Western Washington University campus, which lies to the southwest of the neighborhood. The Sehome Hill Historic District was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.

Western Washington University
Western Washington University (WWU or Western) is a public university in Bellingham, Washington, United States. The northernmost university in the contiguous United States, WWU was founded in 1893 as the state-funded New Whatcom Normal School, succeeding a private school of teaching for women founded in 1886. The university adopted its present name in 1977.

WWU offers bachelor's and master's degrees and a few doctorates. In 2022, there were 14,747 students, 13,801 of whom were undergraduate students, and 664 full-time faculty. Its athletic teams are known as the Vikings, and compete in Division II of the National Collegiate Athletic Association.

The main campus is on 215 acres in Bellingham. WWU also operates a marine center in Anacortes and academic locations in Everett and the Olympic and Kitsap Peninsulas. WWU is accredited by the Northwest Commission on Colleges and Universities.
Louw's Creek
Louw's Creek (also known as Low’s Creek and historically as Mantibovu, meaning "red or brown water" in Siswati) is a small town in Mpumalanga, South Africa and a tributary of the Cape River. The town developed along the creek which flows northwards near the border with Eswatini.

The name "Low's Creek" is derived from David Ireland Low, a Scottish prospector who discovered a gold-bearing reef in the area. Before this period, the area was known in Siswati as "Mantibovu" (red water) to commemorate a battle around 1850 when the Swazi people drove the Mbayi people from the area, during which the creek reportedly ran red with blood.

Swazi language
0–20%

20–40%

40–60%

60–80%

80–100%

<1 /km²

1–3 /km²

3–10 /km²

10–30 /km²

30–100 /km²

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>3000 /km²

Swazi or siSwati is a Bantu language of the Nguni group spoken in Eswatini (formerly Swaziland) and South Africa by the Swati people. The number of speakers is estimated to be in the region of 4.7 million including first and second language speakers. The language is taught in Eswatini and some South African schools in Mpumalanga, particularly former KaNgwane areas. Siswati is an official language of Eswatini (along with English), and is also one of the twelve official languages of South Africa.

The official term is "siSwati" among native speakers; in English, Zulu, Ndebele or Xhosa it may be referred to as Swazi. siSwati is most closely related to the other Tekela languages, like Phuthi and Northern Transvaal (Sumayela) Ndebele, but is also very close to the Zunda languages: Zulu, Southern Ndebele, Northern Ndebele, and Xhosa.
Wen Shengchang
Wen Shengchang (1 November 1921 – 20 March 2022) was a Chinese oceanographer and academic who was a professor at the Ocean University of China, a former president of Shandong Institute of Oceanology, and an academician of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. He was a member of the Jiusan Society and the Chinese Communist Party.

Jiusan Society
The Jiusan Society (Chinese: 九三学社; pinyin: Jiǔsān Xuéshè; lit. 'Nine-Three Academic Society') is one of the eight minor non-oppositional political parties in the People's Republic of China, officially termed "democratic parties," under the direction of the Chinese Communist Party.

The party's original name was "Democracy and Science Forum" on its informal founding in 1944; the current name refers to the date of Chinese victory in the Second Sino-Japanese War (3 September 1945). Its membership currently consists of high- and medium-level intellectuals in the fields of science, technology, and education. The Jiusan Society is the seventh-ranking minor party in China. It currently has 56 seats in the National People's Congress, 5 seats in the NPC Standing Committee and 45 seats in the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference. Its current chairman is Wu Weihua.
Les Misérables (1998 film)
Les Misérables is a 1998 film adaptation of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel of the same name, directed by Bille August. It stars Liam Neeson, Geoffrey Rush, Uma Thurman, and Claire Danes. As in the original novel, the storyline follows the adult life of Jean Valjean (Liam Neeson), an ex-convict pursued by police inspector Javert (Rush). It was filmed at Barrandov Studios in Prague, Czech Republic. The film was produced by Columbia Pictures and Mandalay Entertainment and distributed by Sony Pictures Releasing in the United States and by Entertainment Film Distributors in the United Kingdom.

Javert
Javert (French pronunciation: [ʒavɛʁ]), no first name given in the source novel, is a fictional character and a main antagonist of Victor Hugo's 1862 novel Les Misérables. He was presumably born in 1780 and died on June 7, 1832. First a prison guard, and then a police inspector, his character is defined by his legalist tendencies, authoritarian worldview, and lack of empathy for criminals of all forms. In the novel, he persecutes the protagonist Jean Valjean after his violation of parole and theft from the child Petit Gervais.
WVES (FM)
WVES (101.5 FM) is a broadcast radio station licensed to Chincoteague, Virginia, serving Chincoteague and Accomac, Virginia, and Pocomoke City, Maryland. WVES is owned and operated by GSB Broadcasting.

WVES' programming was also heard on the audio feed of "Franken-FM" WOWZ-LP, VHF analog channel 6, a low-power television station in the market. This could also be heard on an FM radio tuned to 87.7 MHz, since the audio portion of the analog signal lied at 87.75 MHz. WOWZ is currently silent with a permit to switch to digital.

WVES simulcasts the adult hits format of WCTG (96.5 FM) in West Pocomoke, Maryland, branded as "96.5 & 101.5 CTG".

West Pocomoke, Maryland
West Pocomoke is a census-designated place (CDP) in Somerset County, Maryland, United States. The population was 498 at the 2000 census. It is included in the Salisbury, Maryland-Delaware Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Fatima al-Fudayliya
Fatima bint Hamad al-Fudayliyya, also known as Al-Shaykha al-Fudayliyya (died 1831) was an 18th and 19th-century Muslim scholar of hadith and jurist. She is considered one of the last scholars in a long line of female muhaddith.

Muhaddith
A muhaddith (Arabic: ْمُحَدِّث) is a scholar specialized in the study, collection, and interpretation of hadiths, which are the recorded sayings, actions, and approvals of the Prophet Muhammad. The role of a muhaddith is central to the science of hadith (ʻilm al-ḥadīth), a key field for understanding and preserving Islamic teachings and laws. Muhaddith can either disseminate the hadiths or compile them into an ahadith.
1960 Vuelta a España, Stage 10 to Stage 17b
The 1960 Vuelta a España was the 15th edition of the Vuelta a España, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Vuelta began in Gijón, with a team time trial on 29 April, and Stage 11 occurred on 9 May with a stage from Barbastro. The race finished in Bilbao on 15 May.

Barbastro
Barbastro (Latin: Barbastrum or Civitas Barbastrensis, Aragonese: Balbastro) is a city in the Somontano county, province of Huesca, Spain. The city (also known originally as Barbastra or Bergiduna) is at the junction of the rivers Cinca and Vero.
Rottentail
Rottentail is a 2019 American comedy horror film directed by Brian Skiba and starring Dominique Swain, Corin Nemec and Gianni Capaldi. The film is based on the graphic novel of the same name by Kevin Moyers and David C. Hayes.

The film focuses on researcher Peter Cotton (Corin Nemec) who gets bitten by a mutant rabbit, and then transforms into half-man/half-bunny who kills the local town.

Corin Nemec
Joseph Charles Nemec IV (born November 5, 1971), known professionally as Corin Nemec, is an American actor, producer, screenwriter and graffiti artist. He was billed as Corin "Corky" Nemec or Corky Nemec until 1990. His most prominent roles were as the title character in the sitcom Parker Lewis Can't Lose (1990–1993), Jonas Quinn in the science fiction series Stargate SG-1, and Harold Lauder in Stephen King’s miniseries The Stand. He is known in India for his role as Allan in 2007 film Parzania.
Shaktiman (2024 film)
Shaktiman (subtitled onscreen Baba, Tu Hou Shaktos Superhero transl. Father, you can be a superhero) is a 2024 Indian Marathi-language  family film written, directed and produced by Prakash Kunte, from a dialogues by Pranav Apte. The film stars Adinath Kothare, Spruha Joshi, Priyadarshan Jadhav, Ishan Kunte in the lead roles.

Spruha Joshi
Spruha Joshi (born 13 October 1989) is an Indian television, film, and theatre actress, the television anchor who works in the Marathi film and television industry. She is also a poet and lyricist for films.
David McClure (artist)
David McClure RSA RSW (20 February 1926 – 20 February 1998) was a Scottish artist and lecturer. He is most well known for his paintings of still lifes, interiors, figures and family portraits as well as his landscape and townscape paintings of Scotland, Italy, Sicily and Spain where he lived and travelled throughout his life.

Born in Lochwinnoch in 1926, McClure graduated in the early 1950s from Edinburgh College of Art.  In his early career he spent significant periods working in Spain, Italy, Sicily and later Norway. He spent the majority of professional life in Dundee where he lived with his wife and family and taught at Duncan of Jordanstone College of Art (now part of the University of Dundee) from 1958 and spent the last two years of his career there as head of painting, a post he took over from his friend, colleague and fellow artist, Alberto Morrocco, before retiring in 1985.

Lochwinnoch
Lochwinnoch (/lɒxˈwɪnəx/; Scots: Lochineuch, Scottish Gaelic: Loch Uinneach) is a village in the council area and historic county of Renfrewshire in the west central Lowlands of Scotland. Lying on the banks of Castle Semple Loch and the River Calder, Lochwinnoch is chiefly a residential dormitory village serving nearby urban centres such as Glasgow and Paisley. Its population in 2001 was 2628 and in 2022 was 2769.

The Town also lends its name to a civil parish of some 50 sq mi (130 km2) of the surrounding countryside, including the nearby village of Howwood. The parish borders seven others: Beith, Kilbarchan, Kilbirnie, Kilmacolm, Largs, Neilston and Paisley.
Richard Stone's portraits of Elizabeth II
Richard Stone completed two portraits of Queen Elizabeth II in 1992 and 2015. In the early 1990s, he painted her for the Borough of Colchester's 800th Charter Anniversary, which had been marked in 1989, and in 2015 at the request of the Commonwealth nations ahead of the 2015 Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting.

City of Colchester
The City of Colchester is a local government district with city status in Essex, England, named after its main settlement, Colchester. With an estimated population of 200,222 in mid-2024, it is the most populous district in Essex. The district includes the towns of West Mersea and Wivenhoe,  with surrounding rural areas stretching from Dedham Vale, on the Suffolk border in the north, to Mersea Island in the Colne Estuary in the south. It borders Tendring District to the east, Maldon District to the south, Braintree District to the west and Babergh District in Suffolk to the north.
Rapallo
Rapallo (US: /rəˈpɑːloʊ/ rə-PAH-loh, Italian: [raˈpallo], Ligurian: [ɾaˈpalːu]) is a comune (municipality) in the Metropolitan City of Genoa, in the region of Liguria in Italy. As of 2025, with a population 29,513, it is the 2nd-largest municipality in the metropolitan city.

It lies on the Ligurian Sea coast, on the Tigullio Gulf, between Portofino and Chiavari, 25 kilometers east-south east of Genoa itself.

The Parco Naturale Regionale di Portofino, encompassing the territory of six Ligurian communes, includes the Rapallo area.

Chiavari
Chiavari (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkjaːvari]; Ligurian: Ciävai [ˈtʃaːvaj]) is a seaside town and municipality in the Metropolitan City of Genoa in the region of Liguria in Italy. As of 2025, with a population of 27,442, it is the 3rd-largest municipality in the metropolitan city and the 7th-largest in Liguria.

It has a beachside promenade and a marina and is situated near the river Entella.
Oleksandr Ryzhenkov
Oleksandr Mykolaiovych Ryzhenkov (Ukrainian: Олександр Миколайович Риженков; born 5 June 1950) is a Ukrainian metallurgist, economist and politician who is a recipient of the Hero of Ukraine, Order of Prince Yaroslav the Wise and Order of Merit. Additionally, he was a member of the 7th Ukrainian Verkhovna Rada from 2012 to 2014.

Order of Merit (Ukraine)
The Order of Merit (Ukrainian: Орден «За заслуги») (Distinguished service) first, second or third class, is the Ukrainian order of merit, given to individuals for outstanding achievements in economics, science, culture, military or political spheres of activity. It was first established by Ukrainian president Leonid Kuchma on September 22, 1996.

There are 3 grades, the highest being the first grade honours.

Those who are awarded the Order of Merit have the official title Chevalier of the Order of Merit.

The order can be granted posthumously.
Swiftair Flight 5960
Swiftair Flight 5960 (operating as European Air Transport Leipzig Flight 18D) was an international cargo flight that crashed early in the morning on 25 November 2024 while on final approach to Vilnius Airport. The aircraft, a Boeing 737-400, was flying from Leipzig/Halle Airport in Leipzig, Germany, to Vilnius Airport in Vilnius, Lithuania, when it crashed into the ground short of the runway and came to a stop near a two-story house in Liepkalnis. The captain was killed in the accident and the other three were injured. No one on the ground was injured.

Final approach
In aeronautics, the final approach (also called the final leg and final approach leg) is the last leg in an aircraft's approach to landing, when the aircraft is lined up with the runway and descending for landing. In aviation radio terminology, it is often shortened to "final". The last section of the final approach is sometimes referred to as short final.

In a standard airport landing pattern, which is usually used under visual meteorological conditions (VMC), aircraft turns from base leg to final within one-half to two miles of the airport. For instrument approaches, as well as approaches into a controlled airfield under visual flight rules (VFR), often  a "straight-in" final approach is used, where all the other legs are dispensed within. Straight-in approaches are discouraged at non-towered airports in the United States.
Sinnar Assembly constituency
Sinnar Assembly constituency is one of the fifteen constituencies of the Maharashtra Vidhan Sabha located in Nashik district. It is a part of Nashik Lok Sabha constituency along with five other assembly constituencies, namely, Nashik East, Nashik Central, Nashik West, Deolali (SC) and Igatpuri (ST).

Deolali Assembly constituency
Deolali Assembly constituency (formerly Devlali) is one of the 288 constituencies of the Vidhan Sabha (Assembly) of Maharashtra state in Western India. It is located in the Nashik district, and is one of the six assembly segments under Nashik (Lok Sabha constituency).
Juma and the Magic Jinn
Juma and the Magic Jinn is a children's picture book written by Joy Anderson and illustrated by Charles Mikolaycak. First published in 1986 by Lothrop, Lee and Shepard Books, this folktale with an African setting tells the story of a fictional, daydreaming boy named Juma who is living on the real Lamu Island just off the East coast of Kenya. Desiring to be someplace where he won't have to study or behave, Juma seeks the help of a magical jinn (in English, a genie), a decision which leads Juma on misadventures. In the same year the book was published, Juma and the Magic Jinn won a 1986 Golden Kite Award for Mikolaycak's illustrations. These illustrations additionally played a role in Mikolaycak receiving the 1987 Kerland Award "in recognition of singular attainments in the creation of children's literature."

Daydreaming
Daydreaming is a stream of consciousness that detaches from current external tasks when one's attention becomes focused on a more personal and internal direction.

Various names of this phenomenon exist, including mind-wandering, fantasies, and spontaneous thoughts. There are many types of daydreams – however, the most common characteristic to all forms of daydreaming meets the criteria for mild dissociation. In addition, the impacts of the various types of daydreams are not identical. While some are disruptive and deleterious, others may be beneficial to some degree.

The term daydreaming is derived from clinical psychologist Jerome L. Singer, whose research created the foundation for nearly all subsequent modern research. The terminologies assigned by modern researchers brings about challenges centering on identifying the common features of daydreaming and building collective work among researchers.
Liangzhe Circuit
Liangzhe Circuit (997–1160s) was one of the major circuits during the Song dynasty (960–1279). Its administrative area corresponds roughly to modern Zhejiang, Shanghai, and southern Jiangsu (the portion east of Changzhou, between Lake Tai and the Yangtze). The fertile Yangtze River Delta lay within Liangzhe Circuit, as did Lake Tai. Liangzhe was the wealthiest circuit in Song.

The capital of Liangzhe Circuit was Hang Prefecture (renamed Lin'an Prefecture in 1129, when it became the Song capital).

Lin'an Prefecture
Lin'an Prefecture (1129–1277) was, after 1138, the capital of the Southern Song dynasty (1127–1279). With over one million people by 1276, it was the most populous city in the world. Lin'an Prefecture was located in modern northern Zhejiang around Hangzhou. Its administrative area is different from that of the modern prefecture-level city of Hangzhou.

Lin'an Prefecture fell to the Mongols in 1276.
Alistair Burt
Alistair James Hendrie Burt (born 25 May 1955) is a Conservative British politician who served as Member of Parliament (MP) for North East Bedfordshire from 2001 until 2019. He was previously MP for his native Bury North in Greater Manchester from 1983 until 1997. Burt was Parliamentary Under Secretary of State then Minister of State at the Department of Social Security from 1992 to 1997, and Parliamentary Under Secretary of State at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office from 2010 to 2013. Burt was also Minister of State at the Department of Health from May 2015 to July 2016.

First elected as a Conservative, Burt had the Conservative whip removed on 3 September 2019. On 29 October he was one of ten Conservative MPs to have the whip restored. He retired at the 2019 general election.

In September 2020 he was appointed as Pro-Chancellor of Lancaster University, succeeding Lord Liddle.

Bury North
Bury North is a borough constituency in Greater Manchester, created in 1983 and represented in the House of Commons of the UK Parliament. With a Conservative majority of 105 votes, it was the most marginal constituency for a sitting MP in the United Kingdom at the 2019 general election. At the 2024 general election, James Frith regained the seat which he had held for Labour from 2017 to 2019.
Mount Zwischen
Mount Zwischen is a prominent mountain summit in the Sangre de Cristo Range of the Rocky Mountains of North America.  The 12,011-foot (3,661 m) peak is located 32.1 miles (51.6 km) northeast (bearing 46°) of the City of Alamosa, Colorado, United States, on the drainage divide separating the Great Sand Dunes Wilderness in Great Sand Dunes National Preserve and Huerfano County from the Sangre de Cristo Wilderness in San Isabel National Forest and Saguache County.

Huerfano County, Colorado
Huerfano County (/ˈwɛərfənoʊ/ WAIR-fə-noh;  Spanish pronunciation: [ˈweɾfano]) is a county located in the U.S. state of Colorado. As of the 2020 census, the population was 6,820. The county seat is Walsenburg.  The county, whose name comes from the Spanish huérfano meaning "orphan", was named for the Huerfano Butte, a local landmark. The area of Huerfano County boomed early in the 1900s with the discovery of large coal deposits. After large scale World War II coal demand ended in the 1940s Walsenburg and Huerfano saw a steady economic decline through 2015.
Anthem (Steve Lacy album)
Anthem is an album by Steve Lacy released on the Arista Novus label in 1990. It features five of Lacy's compositions (and one by Jean-Jacques Avenel) with texts by Osip Mandelstam and Mary Frazee performed by Lacy, Bobby Few, Steve Potts, Jean-Jacques Avenel, John Betsch, Sam Kelly, Glenn Ferris, La Velle and Irene Aebi.

Osip Mandelstam
Osip Emilyevich Mandelstam (Russian: Осип Эмильевич Мандельштам, IPA: [ˈosʲɪp ɨˈmʲilʲjɪvʲɪtɕ mənʲdʲɪlʲˈʂtam]; 14 January [O.S. 2 January] 1891 – 27 December 1938) was a Russian and Soviet poet. He was one of the foremost members of the Acmeist school.

Osip Mandelstam was arrested during the repressions of the 1930s and sent into internal exile with his wife, Nadezhda Mandelstam. Given a reprieve of sorts, they moved to Voronezh in southwestern Russia. In 1938, Mandelstam was arrested again and sentenced to five years in a corrective-labour camp in the Soviet Far East. He died that year at a transit camp near Vladivostok.
Rodger B. MacGowan
Rodger B. MacGowan (1948 - February 21, 2025) was an artist, game developer, art director, and magazine publisher who was active in the board wargame industry from the 1970s. MacGowan was a prolific artist of cover art for wargames, and the wargaming magazine he founded, Fire & Movement, won the Charles S. Roberts Award several times while under his editorial control. MacGowan co-founded GMT Games, and created C3i magazine, for which he was Editor-In-Chief and art director.

GMT Games
GMT Games is a California-based wargaming publisher founded in 1990. The company has become well known for graphically attractive games that range from "monster games" of many maps and counters, to quite simple games suitable for introducing new players to wargaming.  They also produce card games and family games. The current management and creative team includes Tony Curtis, Mark Simonitch, and Andy Lewis.