hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
M. M. Joshi (ophthalmologist)
Mahipathi Madhwacharya Joshi (born 1935) is an Indian ophthalmologist and the founder of M. M. Joshi Eye Institute (Padma Nayanalaya), a 75-bedded super-specialty eye hospital, located in Hubli and Dharwad, and the largest in the region. The first post graduate private practitioner in the state of Karnataka, he is one of the founders of Karnataka Ophthalmic Society and a recipient of Rajyotsava Prashasti, the second highest civilian award of the Government of Karnataka. The Government of India awarded him the fourth highest civilian honour of the Padma Shri, in 2016, for his contributions to medicine.

Hubli
Hubli, officially Hubballi, is a city in the Indian state of Karnataka. The twin cities Hubli–Dharwad form the second largest municipality and urban agglomeration of Karnataka in terms of area and population and the largest city in North Karnataka. Hubli is in Dharwad district of Karnataka and is the taluk headquarters of Hubli City and Hubli Rural. Although it hosts the Hubli-Dharwad Municipal Corporation, the district headquarters is in Dharwad.

It also houses the largest number of government offices outside the state capital. In 2016, Hubli-Dharwad was selected for solar city / green city master plans. In 2017, government of India included Hubli-Dharwad city for a smart city project, a flagship scheme for overall development of infrastructure in the twin-cities.
Michael Marquart
Michael Marquart (also known as Mike Marquart) is an American singer-songwriter, multi-instrumentalist and producer, and founder of the musical project A Bad Think. He founded Windmark Recording recording studios in Virginia Beach and Santa Monica. Marquart's studios have recorded many notable musical artists, including Coldplay, Jeezy, J. Cole, YG, Justin Timberlake, Pharrell, Kanye West, and Kendrick Lamar. In 2021, Marquart sold Windmark Recording to Joie Manda.

As a record producer, Marquart has worked closely with many well-known musicians and producers, including Teddy Riley and The Neptunes (an R&B duo consisting of Chad Hugo and Pharrell Williams). His albums have featured many notable musicians, including Jeremy Stacey, Victor Indrizzo, Fernando Perdomo,  Paul Bryan, Greg Leisz, Durga McBroom, and John Philip Shenale.

The Neptunes
The Neptunes were an American record production duo composed of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo, formed in Virginia Beach, Virginia, in 1992. Williams often provided backing vocals and music video appearances on the duo's productions, while Hugo remained behind the scenes.

Since their inception, the Neptunes have produced songs for several music industry artists, including Clipse, Jay-Z, Kelis, N.O.R.E., Britney Spears, Justin Timberlake, Nelly, Ludacris, T.I., Robin Thicke, Usher, Gwen Stefani, and Snoop Dogg, among others. In 2009, Billboard ranked the Neptunes number one on their list of the top 10 producers of the decade. In January 2020, the Neptunes were announced to be inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame as a part of the 2020 class, and in May 2021, Hugo and Williams received Honorary Doctorates from Berklee College of Music and Boston Conservatory at Berklee.
The Caviar Princess
The Caviar Princess (German: Die Kaviarprinzessin) is a 1930 German silent comedy film directed by Carl Lamac and starring Anny Ondra, Maria Forescu and André Roanne. The film's art direction was by Heinrich Richter. It is also known by the alternative title The Virgin of Paris.

Anny Ondra
Anny Ondra (born Anna Sophie Ondráková; 15 May 1903 – 28 February 1987) was a Czech film actress. She began her career in 1920 and appeared in Czech, German, Austrian, French and English films. In 1933, she married German boxing champion Max Schmeling.
Blaschke sum
In convex geometry and the geometry of convex polytopes, the Blaschke sum of two polytopes is a polytope that has a facet parallel to each facet of the two given polytopes, with the same measure. When both polytopes have parallel facets, the measure of the corresponding facet in the Blaschke sum is the sum of the measures from the two given polytopes.

Blaschke sums exist and are unique up to translation, as can be proven using the theory of the Minkowski problem for polytopes. They can be used to decompose arbitrary polytopes into simplices, and centrally symmetric polytopes into parallelotopes.

Although Blaschke sums of polytopes are used implicitly in the work of Hermann Minkowski, Blaschke sums are named for Wilhelm Blaschke, who defined a corresponding operation for smooth convex sets. The Blaschke sum operation can be extended to arbitrary convex bodies, generalizing both the polytope and smooth cases, using measures on the Gauss map.

Convex polytope
A convex polytope is a special case of a polytope, having the additional property that it is also a convex set contained in the -dimensional Euclidean space .
Convex polytopes play an important role both in various branches of mathematics and in applied areas, most notably in linear programming.
Adilabad–Hazur Sahib Nanded Express
Adilabad - Hazur Sahib Nanded Express is an intercity train of the Indian Railways connecting Adilabad in Telangana and Nanded of Maharashtra. It is currently being operated with 17409/17410 train numbers on a daily basis. It was flagged off on 14 July 2012.

Adilabad railway station
Adilabad railway station (station code: ADB) is a fifth grade non-suburban (NSG–5) category Indian railway station in Nanded railway division of South Central Railway zone. It serves the city of Adilabad in the Indian state of Telangana. It was selected as one of the 21 stations to be developed under Amrit Bharat Stations scheme.
Mahatma Gandhi Road (Kolkata)
Mahatma Gandhi Road or  M.G. Road, formerly known as Harrison Road, is a principal East-West thoroughfare in Kolkata (Previously known as Calcutta), the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. M.G. Road makes the boundary of North and Central Kolkata. In 1889 this was the first street of the city to be lit by electricity.

Strand Road, Kolkata
Strand Road, also referred to as The Strand, is a major thoroughfare in downtown Kolkata, India. Running along the east bank of the Hooghly River, the road connects Baghbazar to Watgunge (in the Kidderpore neighbourhood) via the threshold of Howrah Bridge. South of Princep Ghat, Strand Road becomes St. Georges Gate Road. This road runs through the Kolkata Municipal Corporation Ward Nos. 7,
8,
9,
18,
19,
20,
21,
22,
23,
24,
41,
42,
45,
46,
75 and 
76. The Vidhan Sabha constituencies adjacent to this road are Shyampukur, Jorasanko, Chowringhee and Kolkata Port and the Lok Sabha constituencies are Kolkata Uttar and Kolkata Dakshin.
Detroit Metal City
Detroit Metal City (Japanese: デトロイト・メタル・シティ, Hepburn: Detoroito Metaru Shiti) is a Japanese manga series written and illustrated by Kiminori Wakasugi. It was serialized in Hakusensha's seinen manga magazine Young Animal from September 2005 to April 2010, with its chapters collected in ten tankōbon volumes. The manga was licensed for English release in North America by Viz Media. The series takes its name from the song "Detroit Rock City" by the American band Kiss.

The manga was adapted into a twelve-episode (of thirteen minutes long and divided into two six-minute sections) original video animation (OVA) released in August 2008; a live action film adaptation also premiered in Japan in August 2008.

Hakusensha
Hakusensha, Incorporated (株式会社白泉社, Kabushiki-gaisha Hakusensha) is a Japanese publishing company. It is headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo.

The company mainly publishes manga magazines and is involved in series' productions in their games, original video animation, music, and their animated TV series.

The company is part of the Hitotsubashi Group.
Mount Haeckel
Mount Haeckel is a 13,424-foot (4,092 m) mountain summit located on the crest of the Sierra Nevada mountain range in northern California, United States. It is situated on the shared boundary of Kings Canyon National Park with John Muir Wilderness, and along the common border of Fresno County with Inyo County. 
It is 21.5 miles (34.6 km) west of the community of Big Pine, 1.27 miles (2.04 km) south-southeast of Mount Darwin, and one mile north-northeast of Mount Fiske, which is the nearest higher neighbor. Mount Haeckel ranks as the 71st highest summit in California.

John Muir Wilderness
The John Muir Wilderness is a wilderness area that extends along the crest of the Sierra Nevada of California for 90 miles (140 km), in the Inyo and Sierra National Forests.  Established in 1964 by the Wilderness Act and named for naturalist John Muir, it encompasses 652,793 acres (2,641.76 km2). The wilderness lies along the eastern escarpment of the Sierra from near Mammoth Lakes and Devils Postpile National Monument in the north, to Cottonwood Pass near Mount Whitney in the south. The wilderness area also spans the Sierra crest north of Kings Canyon National Park, and extends on the west side of the park down to the Monarch Wilderness.
Zavodovski Island
Zavodovski Island is an uninhabited volcanic island in the Traversay Islands subgroup of the South Sandwich Islands, which are located southeast of South Georgia in the South Atlantic Ocean. Zavodovski is the northernmost of the South Sandwich Islands and consists of one major stratovolcano, Mount Curry, which is surrounded to the east by a plain formed by lava flows. Mount Curry has a fumarolically active crater on the southwestern side, which also bears traces of a sector collapse. An eruption occurred in 2016.

The island was officially discovered in December 1819 by Thaddeus von Bellingshausen. The largest penguin colony on Earth with over a million breeding pairs is situated on Zavodovski. It consists mostly of chinstrap penguins, although other seabirds and penguin species breed on the island as well. Early explorers noted the bad smell of the island, which is reflected in numerous placenames.

Sector collapse
A sector collapse or lateral collapse is the structural failure and subsequent collapse of a minimum volume of 1 km3 (0.24 cu mi) of a volcano. Unlike smaller flank collapses, a sector collapse can involve the central volcanic pipe and historically this term had been restricted by some writers to such events in arc stratovolcanoes, but is now used for large events in any volcano. Sector collapses are one of the most hazardous volcanic events, often resulting in lateral blasts, landslides, and changes in volcanic eruptive behavior. Sector collapse can be caused by earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, gradual volcanic deformation, and other processes. Sector collapse events can occur on volcanoes at convergent and divergent plate boundaries. Sector collapses are generally very sudden; however, some attempts have been made to predict collapse events.
Scaw'd Law
Scaw'd Law is a hill in the Lowther Hills range, part of the Southern Uplands of Scotland. The Dumfries and Galloway-South Lanarkshire border runs along its summit, which is notable for having two similar rounded tops; the top 300m to the north is likely the true summit. Surrounded on most sides by tracks or roads, there are various routes to the summit, but the most frequent ascents are from Durisdeer or the Daer Reservoir.

Lowther Hills
The Lowther Hills, also sometimes known as the Lowthers, are an extensive area of hill country in the Southern Uplands of Scotland, though some sub-ranges of hills in this area also go under their own local names – see "Hillwalking" below. They form a roughly rhomboidal or lozenge shape on the map with the acute angles being to north and south. It has river valleys along its boundaries to north east (Clydesdale) and south west (Nithsdale) which carry the two largest arterial routes northwards into the west side of the Central Belt of Scotland. A string of small towns have long since developed along these routes. Most of the Lowther Hills lie in the Administrative County of Dumfries and Galloway, though part in the administrative county of South Lanarkshire moves into them around the village of Leadhills and the Daer Reservoir.
Movement for Changes
Movement for Changes (Montenegrin: Покрет за промјене, romanized: Pokret za promjene, PZP) is a right-wing populist and far-right political party in Montenegro. Its current leader is Nebojša Medojević, the party's founder.

Montenegrin language
Montenegrin (crnogorski / црногорски [tsr̩nǒɡorskiː]) is the standard variety of the Serbo-Croatian language mainly used by Montenegrins. It is the official language of Montenegro. Montenegrin is based on the most widespread dialect of Serbo-Croatian, Shtokavian, more specifically on Eastern Herzegovinian, which is also the basis of Standard Serbian, Croatian, and Bosnian.

The language used in Montenegro has historically and traditionally been called simply as Serbian. The idea of a Montenegrin standard language distinct from Serbian is a relatively recent political development that emerged in the late 1990s and early 2000s amid the breakup of Yugoslavia. It was closely associated with movements advocating Montenegrin independence from Serbia and Montenegro. Following independence, Montenegrin was designated the official language of Montenegro in 2007 with the adoption of a new constitution.
Rampur Bazar railway station
Rampur Bazar railway station is located in Dakshin Dinajpur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves Rampur, Jagadishbati village and the surrounding areas. The station was built in 2004. A few trains, like the Gour Express, Malda Town–Balurghat passenger trains stop at Rampur Bazar station.

Balurghat railway station
Balurghat railway station (station code:- BLGT) is a railway station on the Eklakhi–Balurghat branch line and is located in Dakshin Dinajpur district in the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves Balurghat city and the surrounding areas. Superfast Trains like Balurghat-Kolkata Tebhaga Express, Sealdah-Balurghat express connects the town of Balurghat with the state capital Kolkata, while passenger trains like Balurghat–Siliguri Intercity Express connect the town with North Bengal's important metropolis Siliguri. A new feather added in the crown of Balurghat as it gets new train SMVT Bengaluru–Balurghat Weekly Express to connect the city or District with the southern part of India. Also trains like Balurghat - Bathinda Farakka Express are available from this station.
The Quest Begins
The Quest Begins is the first novel in the Seekers series. It was written by Erin Hunter, which is a collective pseudonym used by authors Cherith Baldry, Kate Cary, and Tui Sutherland and editor Victoria Holmes. The novel details the adventures of four bears, Toklo, Kallik, Lusa and Ujurak, who are stranded together in the wild and must learn to survive. The declining environment around the bears is a theme explored throughout the novel. The development of the Seekers series began as a result of a request from HarperCollins for another series about animals to the authors who wrote the Warriors series about feral cats under the name of Erin Hunter. The novel was published on 27 May 2008. The book sold well and had generally positive critical reception with reviewers suggesting the series would appeal to fans of Warriors.

Victoria Holmes
Victoria Holmes is an English author. She was the first author to write under the pseudonym Erin Hunter, creating the New York Times Bestselling series Warriors. She stepped back from writing Warriors in 2017.
Muqaddar Ka Faisla
Muqaddar Ka Faisla (transl. Decision of fate) is a 1987 Indian Hindi-language action film directed by Prakash Mehra and produced by Yash Johar. It stars Raaj Kumar, Raakhee, Raj Babbar, Meenakshi Sheshadri, Akbar Khan, Tina Munim, Vijayendra Ghatge, Kajal Kiran in pivotal roles. The music was composed by Bappi Lahiri.

Vijayendra Ghatge
Vijayendra Ghatge (born 1950) is an Indian actor in Bollywood film and television. He is known for the musical superhit movie Chitchor (1976). His other famous movies include Prem Rog (1982), Devdas (2002) and Jhankaar Beats (2003).
Lengshuijiang
Lengshuijiang (Chinese: 冷水江; pinyin: Lěngshuǐjiāng) is a county-level city in Hunan Province, China, it is under the administration of Loudi prefecture-level city. Located in central Hunan, the city is bordered to the north and west by Xinhua County, to the south by Xinshao County, and to the east by Lianyuan City. Lengshuijiang City covers 439 km2 (169 sq mi). As of 2015, it has a registered population of 370,300 and a resident population of 342,700. The city has four subdistricts, five towns and a township under its jurisdiction. The government seat is Lengshuijiang Subdistrict (冷水江街道).

Lengshuijiang was incorporated as a city in 1960 and was created from parts of Xinhua County. It is a resource-based city with the world's largest antimony mine, which produces more than 50% of the world's antimony.

Loudi
27°41′59″N 111°59′40″E﻿ / ﻿27.6998°N 111.9944°E﻿ / 27.6998; 111.9944

Loudi (Chinese: 娄底; pinyin: Lóudǐ) is a prefecture-level city located in central Hunan province, China. It is situated about 110 km (68 mi) southwest of the provincial capital of Changsha and is considered to be a small- to medium-sized city within the province. According to the 2010 Census, the population of Loudi is of 3,785,627 inhabitants in an area of 8,117 km2 (3,134 sq mi).The geographical coordinates are 111°56′—112°03′ east longitude and 27°41′—27°47′ north latitude. With superior geographical location and convenient transportation, it has been the main strategic hinterland of Hunan Province and a key point connecting north and south and east and west since ancient times.In 2007, the city was named China's top ten livable cities by Chinese Cities Brand Value Report, which was released at the 2007 Beijing Summit of China Cities Forum.
1987 Bologna Open
The 1987 Bologna Open was a men's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Bologna, Italy that was part of the 1987 Nabisco Grand Prix circuit. It was the third edition of the tournament and was played from 8 June until 14 June 1987. First-seeded Kent Carlsson won the singles title.

Kent Carlsson
Kent Carlsson (born 3 January 1968) is a former tennis player from Sweden. A seasoned claycourter, he won all nine of his ATP tour singles titles on the surface, including the 1988 Hamburg Masters. Carlsson achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 6 in September 1988.
U.2
U.2 (pronounced "U-dot-2"), formerly known as SFF-8639, is a computer interface standard used to connect solid-state drives (SSDs) to a computer. It defines the physical connector, electrical characteristics, and supported communication protocols.

U.2 was developed for the enterprise storage market and is designed to support multiple types of drives, including those using PCI Express (typically with NVM Express), as well as SAS and SATA. The interface supports up to four PCIe lanes and two SATA lanes, enabling high data transfer rates while maintaining compatibility with existing drive technologies.

Drive bay
A drive bay is a standard-sized area for adding hardware to a computer. Most drive bays are fixed to the inside of a case, but some can be removed.

Over the years since the introduction of the IBM PC, it and its compatibles have had many form factors of drive bays. Four form factors are in common use today, the 5.25-inch, 3.5-inch, 2.5-inch or very rarely 1.8-inch drive bays in niche and mostly older portable devices. The 3.5 inch is the most common bay in use today. These names do not refer to the width of the bay itself, but rather to the width of the disks used by the drives mounted in these bays.
Richard J. Scott
Richard Jamieson Scott OC OM KC (March 20, 1938 – November 22, 2024) was a Canadian jurist who served as Chief Justice of Manitoba. In that capacity, he presided over the Manitoba Court of Appeal from 1990 to 2013. Among his most notable decisions are those in the cases Rebenchuk v Rebenchuk (2007), Manitoba Métis Federation Inc v Canada (Attorney General) et al. (2010), O'Brien v Tyrone Enterprises Ltd (2012), and, while he was on the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba, R v Lavallee.

Court of King's Bench of Manitoba
The Court of King's Bench of Manitoba (French: Cour du Banc du Roi du Manitoba)—or the Court of Queen's Bench of Manitoba, depending on the monarch—is the superior court of the Canadian province of Manitoba.

The court is divided into two divisions. The Family Division deals with family law cases including divorces, guardianships, adoptions and child welfare. The General Division deals with civil and criminal matters, including civil trials, probate law, indictable offences and applications for the review of decisions from certain administrative tribunals.

The current Chief Justice of the Court of King's Bench as of 2021 is Judge Glenn Joyal, who was appointed on 3 February 2011.
November 2024 Batroun raid
On 2 November 2024, Israeli naval commando unit Shayetet 13 raided Batroun in northern Lebanon, kidnapped a Lebanese citizen and left the area in a speedboat. The Israel Defense Forces stated the target was a senior Hezbollah operative who was taken to Israel for questioning by military intelligence. The IDF identified him as Imad Ahmaz, whom it said was responsible for Hezbollah's naval operations.

Shayetet 13
Shayetet 13 (Hebrew: שייטת 13, lit. 'Flotilla 13') is a naval commando unit of the Israeli Navy and one of the primary reconnaissance units of the Israel Defense Forces. Shayetet 13 specializes in sea-to-land incursions, counter-terrorism, sabotage, maritime intelligence gathering, maritime hostage rescue, and boarding. The unit is trained for sea, air and land actions.
The unit has taken part in almost all of Israel's major wars, as well as other actions.

The unit is one of the most secretive in the Israeli military. The details of many missions and identities of active operatives are kept highly classified. The unit is respected as among the best of the world's special forces, and is compared to the US Navy SEALs and Britain's Special Boat Service. Unlike many other Israeli Special Forces Units which take men only for their 36-month mandatory service, volunteers for Shayetet 13 must agree to serve at least four and a half years.
2023 FIBA Under-17 Oceania Championship
The 2023 FIBA Under-17 Oceania Championship was the ninth edition of the U17/U18 Oceanian basketball championship. The tournament was played in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea, from 2 to 7 October 2023.

Australia won their third straight U17 title, and eighth championship overall after they defeated New Zealand in the final, 96–49. On the other hand, Samoa notched their second straight podium finish after winning the bronze medal match against Guam, 132–63.

Samoa men's national under-17 and under-18 basketball team
The Samoa men's national under-17 and under-18 basketball team is a national basketball team of Samoa, administered by Samoa Basketball Association. It represents the country in international under-17 and under-18 men's basketball competitions.
Robert Denn
Robert Denn (dates unknown) was an English amateur cricketer who made ten known appearances in important matches from 1787 to 1793. He played twice for Essex, seven times for Hornchurch Cricket Club and once for a team organised by Richard Newman which played at Navestock Side in Essex.

Richard Newman (English cricketer)
Richard Newman Harding Newman (1756/1757 – 1808), born Richard Newman Harding, was an English landowner and cricketer who was the absentee landlord of a Jamaican slave plantation and a huntsman. He was the subject of a portrait by George Romney.