hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Mouzalon
George Mouzalon (Greek: Γεώργιος Μουζάλων, romanized: Geōrgios Mouzalōn; c. 1220 – 25 August 1258) was a high official of the Empire of Nicaea under Theodore II Laskaris (r. 1254–1258).

Of humble origin, he became Theodore's companion in childhood and was raised to high state office upon the latter's assumption of power. This caused great resentment from the aristocracy, which had monopolized high offices and opposed Theodore's policies. Shortly before Theodore's death in 1258, he was appointed regent of Theodore's under-age son John IV Laskaris (r. 1258–1261). He was assassinated only a few days later by soldiers, as the result of a conspiracy led by the nobles under the soon-to-be emperor Michael VIII Palaiologos (r. 1259–1282).

George Akropolites
George Akropolites (Latinized as Acropolites or Acropolita; Greek: Γεώργιος Ἀκροπολίτης, Georgios Akropolites; 1217 or 1220 – 1282) was a Byzantine Greek historian and statesman born in Constantinople.
Paweł Urbański
Paweł Urbański (born 27 June 1987 in Zakopane, Poland) is a former Polish ski jumper and silver medalist in the team event at the 2005 Nordic Junior World Ski Championships. He represented the Start Krokiew Zakopane club.

His international career spanned only three seasons, with his final ski jumping competition at age 20. During this time, he won one Continental Cup event on 28 December 2004 in Engelberg. He also competed in the summer edition of the Continental Cup and occasionally in the FIS Cup. In addition to his Junior World Championship silver, Urbański achieved several national successes, including medals at the Silesian Championships, the team event of the Polish Ski Jumping Championships, and the Polish Youth Olympic Days.

Engelberg
Engelberg (lit.: mountain of angel(s)) is a village resort and a municipality in the canton of Obwalden in Switzerland. Alongside the central village of Engelberg, the municipality encompasses additional settlements, including Grafenort, Oberberg and Schwand.

The municipality of Engelberg is an exclave, entirely encircled by the neighboring cantons of Bern, Nidwalden and Uri.

Engelberg is a mountain resort in Central Switzerland. In the Middle Ages, the area garnered recognition for its Benedictine monastery, known as Engelberg Abbey. As time progressed, particularly from the 19th century onwards, Engelberg became a well-known mountain resort. The city of Lucerne serves as the nearest major urban center.

While the official language of Engelberg is German, the predominant spoken language is the local variation of the Alemannic Swiss German dialect.
Moonlight, a Study at Millbank (J. M. W. Turner)
Moonlight, a Study at Millbank is an oil painting by J. M. W. Turner, painted c. 1797. The nocturne is painted in oils on a mahogany board which measures 31.4 cm × 40.3 cm (12.4 in × 15.9 in).  It has been held by the Tate Gallery since 1910.

The work depicts a nighttime view of the River Thames from Millbank, near the current location of Tate Britain, with the low Moon glinting on the water and silhouetting buildings, trees, and boats. Turner exhibited the painting at the Royal Academy in 1797, the year after his first work was shown there: another maritime nocturne, Fishermen at Sea.

The painting was left to the British nation as part of the Turner Bequest, then titled "River Scene Moonlight".  It was transferred to the new National Gallery of British Art (now the Tate Gallery) in 1910.  For many years, this painting was mistakenly considered to be the first oil painting that Turner had exhibited, until Fishermen at Sea was identified.

Fishermen at Sea
Fishermen at Sea, sometimes known as the Cholmeley Sea Piece, is an early oil painting by English artist J. M. W. Turner.  It was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1796 and has been owned by the Tate Gallery since 1972.  It was long considered the first oil painting by Turner to be exhibited at the Royal Academy. In 2024 the earlier The Rising Squall, Hot Wells was rediscovered and is an oil painting rather than a watercolour as previously believed. It was praised by contemporary critics and burnished Turner's reputation, both as an oil painter and as a painter of maritime scenes.
Ophryotrocha craigsmithi
Ophryotrocha craigsmithi is a species of polychaete worm. O. craigsmithi is named after Craig R. Smith. This species is similar to Palpiphitime lipovskyae and O. Platykephale, among others, in having branchial structures dorsally and ventrally. It differs from O. platykephale in the shape of its prostomium and parapodia. Palpiphitime lipovskyae has jaws of both P- and K-type, while no specimens of O. craigsmithi have been found with K-type jaws thus far. Ophryotrocha craigsmithi differs from P. lipovskyae genetically, but also by the presence of a prominent ventral chaetal lobe with a bulging simple chaeta in the former.

Parapodium
In invertebrates, the term parapodium (Gr. para, beyond or beside + podia, feet; pl.: parapodia) refers to lateral outgrowths or protrusions from the body. Parapodia are predominantly found in annelids, where they are paired, unjointed lateral outgrowths that bear the chaetae. In several groups of sea snails and sea slugs, 'parapodium' refers to lateral fleshy protrusions.
German submarine U-37 (1938)
German submarine U-37 was a Type IXA U-boat of the German Navy (Kriegsmarine) during World War II. The submarine was laid down on 15 March 1937 at the DeSchiMAG AG Weser yard in Bremen, launched on 14 May 1938, and commissioned on 4 August 1938 as part of the 6th U-boat Flotilla.

Between August 1939 and March 1941, U-37 conducted eleven combat patrols, sinking 53 merchant ships, for a total of 200,063 gross register tons (GRT); and two warships, the British Hastings-class sloop HMS Penzance, and the French submarine Sfax. U-37 was then withdrawn from front-line service and assigned to training units until the end of the war. On 5 May 1945 the U-boat was scuttled. U-37 was the sixth most successful U-boat in World War II in terms of tonnage sunk.

AG Weser
Aktien-Gesellschaft "Weser" (abbreviated A.G. "Weser") was one of the major  German shipbuilding companies, located at the Weser River in Bremen. Founded in 1872 it was finally closed in 1983. All together, A.G. „Weser" built about 1,400 ships of different types, including many warships. A.G. „Weser" was the leading company in the Deutsche Schiff- und Maschinenbau AG, a cooperation of eight German shipbuilding companies between 1926 and 1945.
Great Scottish Witch Hunt of 1597
The Great Scottish Witch Hunt of 1597 was a series of nationwide witch trials that took place in the whole of Scotland from March to October 1597. At least 400 people were put on trial for witchcraft and various forms of diabolism during the witch hunt. The exact number of those executed is unknown, but is believed to be about 200. The Great Scottish Witch Hunt of 1597 was the second of five nationwide witch hunts in Scottish history, the others being The Great Scottish Witch Hunt of 1590–91, The Great Scottish Witch Hunt of 1628–1631, The Great Scottish witch hunt of 1649–50 and The Great Scottish Witch Hunt of 1661–62.

North Berwick witch trials
The North Berwick witch trials were the trials in 1590 of a number of people from East Lothian, Scotland, accused of witchcraft in the St Andrew's Auld Kirk in North Berwick on Halloween night. They ran for two years, and implicated over 70 people. These included Francis Stewart, 5th Earl of Bothwell, on charges of high treason.

The "witches" allegedly held their covens on the Auld Kirk Green, part of the modern-day North Berwick Harbour area. Confessions were extracted by torture in the Old Tolbooth, Edinburgh. One source for these events is a 1591 pamphlet Newes from Scotland. King James VI wrote a dissertation on witchcraft and necromancy titled Daemonologie in 1597.

The North Berwick trials were among the better known of the large number of witch trials in early modern Scotland between the early sixteenth century and the mid-eighteenth century.
Zé Roberto (footballer, born 1978)
José Roberto Gomes Santana, commonly known as Zé Roberto (born September 13, 1978, in Pastos Bons) is an association footballer who last played for the San Diego Sockers in the Major Arena Soccer League.

Zé Roberto began his career in his native Brazil, where he played with several clubs in the lower divisions. In 2002, he went abroad to North America to sign with the Hershey Wildcats of the A-League. After the Wildcats folded, Zé Roberto was signed by the Montreal Impact in 2002. In Montreal he played an important role that would transform the Impact into a league powerhouse that would eventually dominate the league for latter part of the decade. His accolades during his tenure with Montreal include the League Championship, Regular-Season Championship, and the Voyageurs Cup. In January, 2010 he was ranked 22nd in the USL First Division Top 25 of the Decade, which announced a list of the best and most influential players of the previous decade.

Major Arena Soccer League
The Major Arena Soccer League (MASL) is a professional indoor soccer league in North America. The MASL features teams playing coast-to-coast in the United States and Mexico. The league is the highest level of arena soccer in North America. The league draws talent from a global talent pool with players from Major League Soccer (MLS), Liga MX, and many national teams. With a new management team, the league has grown in popularity and commercially. Former USMNT and MLS star Landon Donovan played in the MASL, as do multiple international players.
Zakimi Castle
Zakimi Castle (座喜味城, Zakimi jō; Okinawan: Zachimi Gushiku) is a Ryūkyūan gusuku fortification located in the village of Yomitan, Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.  It has been protected by the central government as a National Historic Site since 1972. It is in ruins, but the walls and foundations have been restored. In 2000, Zakimi Castle was designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site, as a part of the Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu.

Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu
The Gusuku Sites and Related Properties of the Kingdom of Ryukyu (琉球王国のグスク及び関連遺産群, Ryūkyū ōkoku no gusuku oyobi kanren'isangun) is an UNESCO World Heritage Site which consists of nine sites all located in the Okinawa Prefecture, Japan.  The heritage sites include two utaki (or sacred sites, one a gate and the other a grove), the Tamaudun mausoleum, one garden, and five gusuku castles sites, four of which are ruins and one of which is a reconstruction.  The sites were inscribed based on the criteria that they were a fine representation of the Ryūkyū Kingdom's culture, whose unique blend of Japanese and Chinese influence made it a crucial economic and cultural junction between several neighboring states.
Benigna Marie of Reuss-Ebersdorf
Benigna Marie of Reuss-Ebersdorf (15 December 1695 in Ebersdorf – 31 July 1751 in Pottiga) was a Protestant German hymn writer and a titular Countess of Reuss. She was a member of the Reuss-Ebersdorf line from the Reuss-Lobenstein.

Saalburg-Ebersdorf
Saalburg-Ebersdorf (German pronunciation: [ˈzaːlbʊʁk ˈʔeːbɐsdɔʁf]) is a town in the Saale-Orla-Kreis district, in Thuringia, Germany close to the Bavarian border. It is situated on the river Saale, 10 km southwest of Schleiz, 30 km west of Plauen and 30 km north-west of Hof.

The town is an administrative union of two large villages (Saalburg and Ebersdorf) lying either side of the Saale river near the Bleilochtalsperre as well as several smaller villages in between and around them.
Mary Eccles, Viscountess Eccles
Mary Morley Eccles, Viscountess Eccles (née Crapo; 8 July 1912 – 26 August 2003) was an American-British book collector and author. She was renowned for establishing one of the largest private collections of 18th century literature with her first husband, Donald Hyde. This includes works from Samuel Johnson and James Boswell. She also created an Oscar Wilde Collection which was bequeathed to the British Library in 2003. An obituary described her as 'one of the great American collectors of the last century, combining wealth, scholarship, and sensibility in a way that became rare to the point of extinction in her lifetime'.

Donald F. Hyde
Donald Frizell Hyde (17 April 1909 – 5 February 1966) was president of the Grolier Club and the Bibliographical Society of America, a trustee of the New York Public Library and the Pierpont Morgan Library, and a member of the advisory committees of Harvard and Yale libraries.
Rothienorman railway station
Rothienorman railway station, Rothie or Rothie Norman was a railway station in Rothienorman, Aberdeenshire on the rural branchline to Macduff. It lay 7.25 miles (11.7 km) from the junction at Inveramsay at 392 feet (119 m) above sea level, the summit of the line. The station served the village and the nearby Rothie Norman House and estate.

Inveramsay railway station
Inveramsay railway station was a railway station in the parish of Chapel of Garioch, near the Mill of Inveramsay, Aberdeenshire. It served the sparsely populated rural area, but was mainly an interchange for the Macduff and Banff branch lines.
James Simons Jr.
James Simons Jr. (November 30, 1839 – July 4, 1919) was an American lawyer, politician, and newspaper president from South Carolina. He served as Speaker of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1882 to 1890 and as a member of the South Carolina House of Representatives from 1878 to 1891.

South Carolina House of Representatives
The South Carolina House of Representatives is the lower house of the South Carolina General Assembly. It consists of 124 representatives elected to two-year terms at the same time as U.S. congressional elections.

Unlike many legislatures, seating on the floor is not divided by party, but is arranged by county delegation – a legacy of the original apportionment of the chamber. Until 1964, each of South Carolina's counties was a legislative district, with the number of representatives determined by the county's population. It meets from the second week of January into May.
Territorial Force Nursing Service
The Territorial Force Nursing Service (TFNS) was established in 1908, part of the reform of the British auxiliary forces introduced by Richard Haldane which created the Territorial Force. Nurses with at least three years of training were able to volunteer for the service, and facilities comprised 23 large buildings earmarked for use as hospitals in the event of war. The TFNS was augmented by the affiliation of Voluntary Aid Detachments. On the outbreak of the First World War, the hospitals were commissioned and up to 2,784 nurses mobilised to staff them. By the end of the war, up to 8,140 nurses had served with the TFNS, 2,280 of them in hospitals and casualty clearing stations abroad. After the war, the TFNS became the Territorial Army Nursing Service in line with the reconstitution of the Territorial Force as the Territorial Army.

Voluntary Aid Detachment
The Voluntary Aid Detachment (VAD) was a voluntary unit of civilians providing nursing care for military personnel in the United Kingdom and various other countries in the British Empire. The most important periods of operation for these units were during World War I and World War II. Although VADs were intimately bound up in the war effort, they were not military nurses, as they were not under the control of the military, unlike the Queen Alexandra's Royal Army Nursing Corps, the Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service, and the Queen Alexandra's Royal Naval Nursing Service. The VAD nurses worked in field hospitals, i.e., close to the battlefield, and in longer-term places of recuperation back in Britain.
Michael Barrett (American football)
Michael Barrett Jr. (born December 21, 1999) is an American professional football linebacker for the St. Louis Battlehawks of the United Football League (UFL). He played college football for the Michigan Wolverines, winning three consecutive Big Ten Conference titles and a national championship in 2023. Barrett was twice named All-Big Ten. He was selected by the Carolina Panthers in the 2024 NFL draft.

United Football League (2024–present)
The United Football League (UFL) is a professional American football spring league in the United States. The league was created following the merger of the latest iterations of the XFL and United States Football League (USFL); it started play in March 2024. It comprises eight teams, five of which were members of the XFL or USFL prior to the UFL's creation, and all concentrated in the Midwest and Southern United States.
Sosrobahu
Sosrobahu is a construction technique that allows long stretches of elevated roadway to be constructed above existing major roads with minimum disruption to traffic. The technique was designed by Indonesian engineer Tjokorda Raka Sukawati and involves the construction of the horizontal supports for the highway beside the existing road, which are then lifted and turned 90 degrees before being placed on the top of the vertical supports to form the flyover pylons.

The term Sosrobahu was derived from Old Javanese; meaning "thousand shoulders".

Old Javanese
Old Javanese or Kawi is an Austronesian language and the oldest attested phase of the Javanese language. It was natively spoken in the central and eastern part of Java Island, what is now Central Java, Yogyakarta and East Java Provinces, Indonesia. 
As a literary language, Kawi was used across Java and on the islands of Madura, Bali, and Lombok.
Ejnar Nielsen
Ejnar Nielsen (9 July 1872 – 21 July 1956) was a Danish painter and illustrator, who was a central proponent of Symbolist painting in Danish art. He is also known for his large mosaic on Stærekassen, an extension to the Royal Danish Theatre on Kongens Nytorv in Copenhagen.  He was a professor at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts from 1920 to 1930 and received the Academy's Eckersberg Medal in 1908 and its Thorvaldsen Medal in 1913.

Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts
The Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts (Danish: Det Kongelige Danske Kunstakademi - Billedkunst Skolerne) has provided education in the arts for more than 250 years, playing its part in the development of the art of Denmark.
We Were Dancing
We Were Dancing is a short comic play in two scenes by Noël Coward. It is one of ten short plays that make up Tonight at 8.30, a cycle written to be performed in groups of three plays across three evenings. The original production, starring Coward and Gertrude Lawrence played in a pre-London tour, and then the West End, and finally New York, in 1935–1937. We Were Dancing has been revived periodically and was adapted for the cinema in 1942.

The play depicts a married woman who falls in love with a divorced man at a dance on a South Pacific island. They plan to go to Australia, but in the cold light of morning, they realise that they have nothing in common and go their separate ways,

Gertrude Lawrence
Gertrude Lawrence (4 July 1898 – 6 September 1952) was an English actress, singer, dancer and musical comedy performer known for her stage appearances in the West End of London and on Broadway in New York.
Crossroads Village
Crossroads Village is a living history museum in Genesee County, Michigan, near Flint. It is operated by the Genesee County Parks and Recreation Commission alongside the Huckleberry Railroad. Initially proposed as a Flint River recreational area and a farm museum, it was opened as a historical village in 1976.

Crossroads Village is home to 34 buildings, many which are restored 19th-century buildings, as well as amusement rides, a narrow-gauge railroad, and a replica paddlewheel steamboat. It also hosts numerous events and festivals throughout the year. The village is located at 6140 Bray Road in Genesee Township.

Paddle steamer
A paddle steamer is a steamship or steamboat powered by a steam engine driving paddle wheels to propel the craft through the water. Earlier ships that are driven by a paddle wheel under manual power are known as paddle wheelers.

In the early 19th century, paddle wheels were the predominant way of propulsion for steam-powered boats. In the late 19th century, paddle propulsion was largely superseded by the screw propeller and other marine propulsion systems that have a higher efficiency, especially in rough or open water.

Paddle wheels continue to be used by some ships that operate as excursion boats, floating restaurants, and casinos; these include replica vessels, and are often diesel powered.

Small pedal-powered paddle boats are also found, typically as novelty attractions.
Anna Oxenstierna
Anna Iliana Maria Gabriella Oxenstierna (born 13 June 1963) is a retired Swedish professional golfer and Ladies European Tour player. She won the European Lady Junior's Team Championship twice and the 1989 TEC Players Championship in England.

European Lady Junior's Team Championship
The European Lady Junior's Team Championship was a European amateur team golf championship for women under 22 organized by the European Golf Association. The inaugural event was held in 1968. It was played every year until 1984, then every second year. It was discontinued in 2006.
Libera Award for Best Dance/Electronic Record
The Libera Award for Best Dance/Electronic Record (known as Best Dance/Electronic Album prior to 2021) is an award presented by the American Association of Independent Music at the annual Libera Award which recognizes "best dance or electronic music album released commercially in the United States by an independent label" since 2017. The first recipient of the awards was British musician Bonobo for his album Migration.

At the 2022 ceremony, the award was split into two categories: Best Dance Record and Best Electronic Record.

Bonobo (musician)
Simon Green (born 30 March 1976), known by his stage name Bonobo, is an English musician, producer, and DJ based in Los Angeles. He debuted with a trip hop aesthetic and has since explored more upbeat approaches as well as jazz and world music influences. His electronic sound incorporates the use of organic instrumentation and is recreated by a full band in live performances.
If Tomorrow Comes (miniseries)
Sidney Sheldon's If Tomorrow Comes is a 1986 American television miniseries based on the 1985 novel of the same name by Sidney Sheldon, starring Madolyn Smith, Tom Berenger and David Keith. It was directed by Jerry London and the screenplay was written by Carmen Culver.

Tom Berenger
Thomas Michael Moore (born May 31, 1949), known professionally as Tom Berenger, is an American actor. He was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and won a Golden Globe Award for his portrayal of the Staff Sergeant Bob Barnes in Platoon (1986). He is also known for playing Jake Taylor in the Major League films and Thomas Beckett in the Sniper films.

Other films he appeared in include Looking for Mr. Goodbar (1977), The Dogs of War (1980), The Big Chill (1983), Eddie and the Cruisers (1983), Someone to Watch Over Me (1987), Betrayed (1988), The Field (1990), Sniper (1993), Gettysburg (1993), The Substitute (1996), Training Day (2001), and Inception (2010). He won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie for his performance as Jim Vance in the 2012 miniseries Hatfields & McCoys.
David Watson (British musician)
David Watson is an English record producer, singer and musician. Born and raised in North London, he has produced albums for Paul Wassif, Mark Abis, Sam Sallon, Dylan Howe, OMD and Claudia Brücken, and has worked with artists such as Rufus Wainwright, Neil Cowley, Beth Rowley, Eric Clapton and Bert Jansch. He is the father of actress Indica Watson.

Neil Cowley
Neil Cowley (born 5 November 1972) is an English contemporary pianist and composer. He has also released music as part of Fragile State, the Green Nuns of the Revolution, and the Neil Cowley Trio. With his trio, he appeared on Later... with Jools Holland in April 2008 and won the 2007 BBC Jazz Award for best album for Displaced. In 2018, Cowley announced he was working on a new electronic focused solo project. In 2020, Cowley announced his debut solo album, Hall of Mirrors.