hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Reverse bluescreen
Reverse bluescreen is a visual effects technique pioneered by Jonathan Erland for shooting the flying sequences in Clint Eastwood's 1982 film Firefox. Erland worked for John Dykstra's company, Apogee Inc., at the time he developed the technique. Its objective is to enable the matting of subjects that confound the conventional process, such as those exhibiting reflective surfaces. It derives its name from the fact that it reverses, or inverts, the basic bluescreen process. Erland received a Scientific and Engineering Award from the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences for this technique.

Visual effects
Visual effects (sometimes abbreviated as VFX) is the process by which imagery is created or manipulated outside the context of a live-action shot in filmmaking and video production.
The integration of live-action footage and other live-action footage or computer-generated imagery (CGI) elements to create realistic imagery is called VFX.

VFX involves the integration of live-action footage (which may include in-camera special effects) and generated-imagery (digital or optics, animals or creatures) which look realistic, but would be dangerous, expensive, impractical, time-consuming or impossible to capture on film. Visual effects using CGI have more recently become accessible to the independent filmmaker with the introduction of affordable and relatively easy-to-use animation and compositing software.
José Mariano Elízaga
Elízaga Prado, José Damián (27 September 1786 – 2 October 1842) was a Mexican composer, music theorist, pianist, organist and teacher. He was the Kapellmeister of emperor Agustín I of Mexico and was the first great Mexican composer of the beginning of the 19th century.

Kapellmeister
Kapellmeister (/kəˈpɛlmaɪstər/ kə-PEL-my-stər, US also /kɑːˈ-/ kah-, German: [kaˈpɛlˌmaɪstɐ] ⓘ), from Kapelle ('chapel') and Meister ('master'), literally 'master of the chapel choir', is a word of German origin that designates the leader of an ensemble of musicians. Originally used to refer to somebody in charge of music in a chapel, the term has evolved considerably in its meaning and is today used for denoting the leader of a musical ensemble, often smaller ones used for TV, radio, and theatre.
Fyne Court
Fyne Court is a National Trust-owned nature reserve and visitor centre in Broomfield, Somerset, England. It was formerly an estate, and large English country house, belonging to the Crosse family.

Andrew Crosse conducted a series of experiments with electricity, including the development of large voltaic piles, at the house during his ownership in the early 19th century. The main building of Fyne Court burnt down in 1894. The buildings which survived the fire have been used as offices and a visitor centre by organisations such as the Somerset Wildlife Trust and Quantock Hills Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty Service since it came into the ownership of the National Trust in 1967. It is surrounded by a large country estate of woodland, ponds and meadows. Within the grounds are a folly and boathouse.

Voltaic pile
The voltaic pile was the first electrical battery that could continuously provide an electric current to a circuit. It was invented by Italian chemist Alessandro Volta, who published his experiments in 1799. Its invention can be traced back to an argument between Volta and Luigi Galvani, Volta's fellow Italian scientist who had conducted experiments on frogs' legs. Use of the voltaic pile enabled a rapid series of other discoveries, including the electrical decomposition (electrolysis) of water into oxygen and hydrogen by William Nicholson and Anthony Carlisle (1800), and the discovery or isolation of the chemical elements sodium (1807), potassium (1807), calcium (1808), boron (1808), barium (1808), strontium (1808), and magnesium (1808) by Humphry Davy.

The entire 19th-century electrical industry was powered by batteries related to Volta's (e.g. the Daniell cell and Grove cell) until the advent of the dynamo (the electrical generator) in the 1870s.
Virut
Virut is a cybercrime malware botnet, operating at least since 2006, and one of the major botnets and malware distributors on the Internet. In January 2013, its operations were disrupted by the Polish organization Naukowa i Akademicka Sieć Komputerowa.

Naukowa i Akademicka Sieć Komputerowa
The Naukowa i Akademicka Sieć Komputerowa (English: Research and Academic Computer Network), abbreviated NASK, is a Polish research and development organisation, data networks operator, and internet domain name registry operator for the .pl country-level top-level domain.
The Cheltenham Ghost
The Cheltenham Ghost was an apparition said to haunt a house in Cheltenham in western England. The building in Pittville Circus Road was the home of the Despard family who saw the ghost of a veiled woman on several occasions in the 1880s.

The Society for Psychical Research in London is the oldest institute of its kind in the world. Its members are dedicated to researching purportedly paranormal phenomena. To this end, Frederic Myers an SPR Council member whose mother was resident in the town decided to investigate the case. He produced perhaps one of the first reports on  a Ghost apparition investigation in history. His contribution was largely by publishing the account of Rosina Despard (under the pseudonym 'Rose Morton') a young woman resident in the house. Myers own investigations were limited to interviewing residents, locals and former servants.

Frederic W. H. Myers
Frederic William Henry Myers (6 February 1843 – 17 January 1901) was a British poet, classicist, philologist, and a founder of the Society for Psychical Research. Myers' work on psychical research and his ideas about a "subliminal self" were influential in his time, but have not been accepted by the scientific community.
Jeff Boschee
Jeffrey Allen Boschee (/ˈboʊʃiː/; born on December 21, 1979) is an American former basketball player and current coach. He currently serves as head coach of the men's team at Pittsburg State University in Pittsburg, Kansas. He was formerly the head coach at Missouri Southern State University in Joplin, Missouri.  Boschee played guard at the University of Kansas from 1998 to 2002. He was named Mr. Basketball for North Dakota in 1998.

Missouri Southern State University
Missouri Southern State University (Missouri Southern, MSSU, or MoSo) is a public university in Joplin, Missouri. It was established in 1937 as Joplin Junior College. The university enrolled 4,087 students in Fall 2023.
Carnivore (Carnivore album)
Carnivore is the debut studio album by American crossover thrash band Carnivore. It was released in 1985 through Roadrunner Records.

The album was first released on CD in 1990 in original form, and again remixed in 1991 without track 5 but with most of the songs from the 1987 Retaliation album. It was reissued on January 23, 2001, with an addition of three bonus demo tracks and with a different album cover. These songs would be officially recorded later to appear on their next album.

It is considered an essential release in the thrash metal genre.

Retaliation (Carnivore album)
Retaliation is the second and final studio album by American crossover thrash band Carnivore, released in 1987 by Roadrunner Records. It was later released on CD in 1991 without tracks 4 and 9. It was re-issued with a different cover on January 23, 2001, containing three demo tracks from the previous album.

The same image was also used (with different editing) by the Italian hardcore band Wretched for the cover of their EP "In Nome del Loro Potere Tutto è Stato Fatto" released in March 1983.
Pedro Pablo Caro
Pedro Pablo Caro Rodríguez (12 May 1875 – 3 July 1959) was a Chilean lawyer. After obtaining the degree of law and political sciences from the University of Chile, he worked as an independent lawyer in Rancagua, and served as acting judges in several communes and departments in Chile, including San Carlos, Curicó, Nacimiento, among others. He was also a secretary and treasurer of the municipality of Buin. Caro Rodríguez was member of the Conservative Party of Chile, and later of the Christian Democrat Party of Chile.

Rancagua
Rancagua (Spanish pronunciation: [raŋˈkaɣwa]) is a city and commune in central Chile and part of the Rancagua conurbation. It is the capital of the Cachapoal Province and of the O'Higgins Region, located 87 km (54 mi) south of the national capital of Santiago.

It was originally named Santa Cruz de Triana by Spanish colonists. In 2012, its population was 232,211. The main economic activities range from mining, tourism, agriculture, timber, food production and services to minor industrial activities. The city also serves as the administrative and legal center of the region.

Together with Machalí and Gultro, it forms the Rancagua conurbation. After Curicó, Talca and Concepción, it is one of the most important and densely populated cities of the south central zone of Chile.
Carathea
Carathea is a genus of Tasmanian spiders within the family Malkaridae that was named and first described by R. J. Moran in 1986. The name comes from the Australian aboriginal word for "sister". The type species is C. parawea. The features unique to spiders of this genus include a thin tip to the conductor (a sclerite in the male palpal bulb), the absence of "horns" on the carapace, and, in females, the internal genitalia are large and less compact, usually only containing three or four coils.

Palpal bulb
The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often described as like wearing boxing gloves. The palpal bulb does not actually produce sperm, being used only to transfer it to the female. Palpal bulbs are only fully developed in adult male spiders and are not completely visible until after the final moult. In the majority of species of spider, the bulbs have complex shapes and are important in identification.
Adinda Cresheilla
Adinda Cresheilla (born 29 January 1997) is an Indonesian model, actress, 2022 G20 Ambassador, and beauty pageant titleholder who was crowned Puteri Indonesia Pariwisata 2022. She is the first representative from East Java to be crowned Puteri Indonesia Pariwisata. She represented Indonesia at Miss Supranational 2022 in Poland where she placed as the 3rd Runner-up.

2022 G20 Bali summit
The 2022 G20 Bali summit (Indonesian: Konferensi Tingkat Tinggi G20 Bali 2022) was the seventeenth meeting of Group of Twenty (G20), a Head of State and Government meeting held in Nusa Dua, Bali, Indonesia. It was the first G20 summit hosted by Indonesia.

Indonesia's presidency began on 1 December 2021, leading up to the summit in the fourth quarter of 2022. The presidency handover ceremony was held as an intimate event, in which the G20 presidency gavel was transferred from Italian Prime Minister Mario Draghi to Indonesian president Joko Widodo at the close of the Rome summit. Preceding the G20 Leaders Summit, a youth engagement group of the G20, Youth20 (Y20) held its Y20 Indonesia 2022 Summit in Jakarta and Bandung in July 2022.
Roman civil war of 432
The Roman Civil War (432) was a military conflict between the Roman generals Aetius and Bonifatius during the reign of Emperor Valentinian III. This war took place on Italian soil and was decided in the Battle of Rimini. Despite Aetius losing the battle, the civil war ended in his favor, because Bonifatius was wounded in battle and eventually died of his injuries.

Besides the two generals, Galla Placidia was an important player as regentes. She made a not insignificant contribution to this conflict during her regency in the years 429 to 432. She was unable to prevent her two main generals from fighting each other instead of fighting the Vandals in present-day North-Africa and the Huns in Pannonia. With her decision in 432 to deprive Aetius of his command of the Roman army in favor of Boniface, she effectively created the basis for the arise of this conflict.

Pannonia
Pannonia (/pəˈnoʊniə/, Latin: [panˈnɔnia]) was a province of the Roman Empire bounded on the north and east by the Danube, on the west by Noricum and upper Italy, and on the south by Dalmatia and upper Moesia. It included the modern regions of western Hungary, western Slovakia, eastern Austria, northern Croatia, north-western Serbia, northern Slovenia, and northern Bosnia and Herzegovina. The northern and eastern boundary line of Pannonia was formed by the River Danube.
San Marino in the Eurovision Song Contest 2015
San Marino was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2015, held in Vienna, Austria. The Sammarinese national broadcaster Radiotelevisione della Repubblica di San Marino (SMRTV) internally selected Anita Simoncini and Michele Perniola with "Chain of Lights" to represent the nation in the contest. Both Simoncini and Perniola had previously represented San Marino in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest on separate occasions. The 2015 entry in the Eurovision Song Contest was promoted through the creation of a music video, a tour that included a stop in Moscow and a contest on social media that awarded prizes to winning participants. San Marino performed third in the second semi-final, held on 21 May 2015, and placed 16th with 11 points, failing to qualify for the final.

San Marino in the Eurovision Song Contest 2008
San Marino was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2008 with the song "Complice" (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkomplitʃe]; transl. "Accomplice"), composed by Francesco Sancisi, with lyrics by Nicola Della Valle, and performed by the pop-rock band Miodio. The Sammarinese participant broadcaster, San Marino RTV (SMRTV), internally selected its entry for the contest. This was the first-ever entry from San Marino in the Eurovision Song Contest.

SMRTV officially confirmed its debut in the contest in November 2007 after deliberation among its shareholders. Promotion of the entry relied heavily on the internet, with a music video being created and interviews from the band to the press being published in the lead up to the Eurovision Song Contest 2008. San Marino performed fifth in the first semi-final, held on 20 May 2008, and placed last, receiving just five points.
Schneider (surname)
Schneider (German for "tailor", literally "one who cuts", from the verb schneiden "to cut") is a very common surname in Germany. Alternative spellings include: Schneyder, Schnieder, Snyder, Snider, Sneider, Schnyder, Znaider, Schnaider, Schneiter, Shneider, and Sneijder, Snijder (Dutch), Snither (English), Snyman (Afrikaans), Schnider (Swiss German), Sznajder, Szneider (Polish), Snaider, Šnajder (Serbo-Croatian), and Schneidre (French).

Schnider
Schnider is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Andreas Schnider (born 1959), Austrian theologian, academic teacher, author, publisher, consultant and politician of the (ÖVP)

Anton Schnider, Swiss international footballer

Daniel Schnider,  Swiss former professional road cyclist

Jan Schnider (born 1983), Swiss beach volleyball player

Marina Schnider, Swiss sport shooter

Pascale Schnider (born 1984), Swiss cyclist

Gert Schnider, Austrian board game player

Ueli Schnider,  Swiss cross-country skier
2005 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy
The 2005 Women's Hockey Champions Trophy was the 13th edition of the Hockey Champions Trophy for women. It was held from 26 November to 4 December 2005 in Canberra, Australia.

The Netherlands won the tournament for the fourth time after defeating Australia 5–4 in the final on penalty strokes after a 0–0 draw.

Netherlands women's national field hockey team
The Netherlands' national women's field hockey team is currently number one on the International Hockey Federation (FIH) world rankings and the reigning world champion. The Netherlands is the most successful team in World Cup history, having won the title a record nine times. The team has also won ten Olympic medals.
Pan Shih-wei
Pan Shih-wei (Chinese: 潘世偉; pinyin: Pān Shìwěi; born 27 July 1955) is a Taiwanese labor relations professor and academic. He was the Minister of the Council of Labor Affairs from 28 September 2012 and subsequently the Minister of Labor from 17 February 2014 until his resignation on 24 July 2014.

Ministry of Labor (Taiwan)
The Ministry of Labor (MOL; Chinese: 勞動部; pinyin: Láodòng Bù; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lô-tōng-pō͘) is a ministry of the Taiwanese Executive Yuan administering policies relating to employees and labor. The MOL works with various international organizations and engages in bilateral exchanges to elevate the welfare of laborers in Taiwan, administering programs such as Labor Insurance.
Raquel Martínez Rabanal
Raquel Martínez Rabanal (born 1979) is a journalist and a television and radio hostess from Palencia, Spain. Martinez began working for RNE in Valladolid, where she hosted the show La memoria del vino in 2004. In 2006, she began hosting the news for Canal 24 Horas.

Palencia
Palencia (Spanish pronunciation: [paˈlenθja] ⓘ) is a city of Spain located in the autonomous community of Castile and León. It is the capital and most populated municipality of the province of Palencia. As of 2024, it has a population of 76,578.

Located in the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula, in the northern half of the Inner Plateau, the city lies on the left bank of the Carrión river.

At the regional level, Palencia forms part of an economic axis together with the cities of Valladolid and Burgos.
The Popular Sin
The Popular Sin is a 1926 American silent comedy film directed by Malcolm St. Clair, written by Monta Bell and James Ashmore Creelman, and starring Florence Vidor, Clive Brook, Greta Nissen, Philip Strange, George Beranger, and Iris Gray. It was released on November 22, 1926, by Paramount Pictures.

George Beranger
George Beranger (27 March 1893 – 8 March 1973), was an Australian-born silent film actor, director and film writer in New York and Hollywood. He is also sometimes credited under the pseudonym George Andre de Beranger and multiple variations of the same.
1843 Tennessee gubernatorial election
The 1843 Tennessee gubernatorial election was held on August 3, 1843, to elect the governor of Tennessee. Incumbent Whig governor James C. Jones won re-election against Democratic nominee and former governor James K. Polk in a rematch of the previous election.

James C. Jones
James Chamberlain Jones (April 20, 1809 – October 29, 1859) was an American politician who served as the tenth governor of Tennessee from 1841 to 1845, and as a United States Senator from Tennessee from 1851 to 1857.  A Whig, Jones twice defeated future U.S. President James K. Polk for the governorship, in 1841 and 1843.  He was the first native-born Tennessean to be elected governor of the state.

Jones's first gubernatorial term was marked by gridlock with the state senate, which was led by a group of Democratic senators known as the "Immortal Thirteen."  His second term was more productive, as his fellow Whigs controlled both houses of the legislature.  Though he later joined the Democratic Party, Jones's speaking skills and campaign style helped to solidify Tennessee's Whigs as one of the strongest Whig movements in the South.
Varalaru
Varalaru: History Of Godfather, or simply known as Varalaru (transl. History), is a 2006 Indian Tamil-language action-drama film  written and directed by K. S. Ravikumar, and produced by S. S. Chakravarthy under the banner NIC Arts. The film stars Ajith Kumar in the main triple lead role as a father and his two twin sons. Asin, Kanika, Ramesh Khanna, Suman Setty, Sujatha and M. S. Baskar play supporting roles. The film's soundtrack and background score were composed by A. R. Rahman. Prior to its release, the film was known by the title Godfather, but following the Government of Tamil Nadu's motion to exempt tax on films titled in Tamil, the title was changed to Varalaru.

After two years of production, the film was released on 20 October 2006 on the eve of Diwali, and emerged as the highest grosser of the year. The film has been remade in Kannada, titled after the original title of the film, in Burmese as Nat Khat Mhar Tae Tite Pwal, and in Odia as Tu Mo Dehara Chhai.

S. S. Chakravarthy
S. Shajahan Chakravarthy (died 29 April 2023) was an Indian film producer in Tamil cinema. He produced a number of Tamil films through his production company, NIC Arts. Most of his films starred Ajith Kumar. His son Johnny debuted as an actor in Renigunta, which he produced, along with Johnny's subsequent film, 18 Vayasu. Chakravarthy also has a daughter, Shakeel Nila Chakravarthy.
Lipschitz domain
In mathematics, a Lipschitz domain (or domain with Lipschitz boundary) is a domain in Euclidean space whose boundary is "sufficiently regular" in the sense that it can be thought of as locally being the graph of a Lipschitz continuous function. The term is named after the German mathematician Rudolf Lipschitz.

Boundary (topology)
In topology and mathematics in general, the boundary of a subset S of a topological space X is the set of points in the closure of S not belonging to the interior of S. An element of the boundary of S is called a boundary point of S. The term boundary operation refers to finding or taking the boundary of a set.  Notations used for boundary of a set S include   and .
Eucalyptus (Avey Tare album)
Eucalyptus is the second solo studio album by American recording artist Avey Tare. Released on July 21, 2017, it is Avey Tare's second album, following his 2010 debut Down There, Recorded by fellow Animal Collective bandmate Joshua Dibb, it features past collaborators Eyvind Kang and Angel Deradoorian.

Avey Tare
David Michael Portner (born April 24, 1979), also known by his moniker Avey Tare, is an American musician and songwriter who co-founded the experimental pop band Animal Collective. He has released four solo albums, as well as four collaborative albums with Panda Bear (Noah Lennox) three of which were later retroactively classified under Animal Collective's discography.
Arthur Honegger (journalist)
Arthur Honegger (27 September 1924 – 15 August 2017) was a Swiss writer, journalist, and politician who became known for his literary works addressing the experiences of Verdingkinder (contract children) and social injustices in 20th-century Switzerland. Born as an illegitimate child and subjected to the Swiss child welfare system, Honegger drew on his personal experiences to write novels and reportages that shed light on the treatment of disadvantaged children and workers in Switzerland.

Verdingkinder
Verdingkinder, Verdingsbuben, "contract children", or "indentured child laborers" were children in Switzerland who were removed from their families by the authorities due to poverty or moral reasons (e.g. the mother being unmarried, very poor, of Yenish origin, neglect, etc.), and placed in foster families, often poor farmers who needed cheap labour. In the early 2000s, many of these children, by then adults, publicly stated that they had been severely mistreated by their foster families, suffering neglect, beatings and other physical and psychological abuse. The Verdingkinder scheme was common in Switzerland from the 1800's until the 1960's.