hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Michael Feingold
Michael E. Feingold (May 5, 1945 – November 21, 2022) was an American critic, translator, lyricist, playwright and dramaturg. He was the lead theater critic of The Village Voice from 1982 to 2013, for which he was twice named a Pulitzer Prize for Criticism finalist, and was a two-time recipient of the George Jean Nathan Award for Dramatic Criticism. He was a judge for the Obie Awards for 31 years, and the chairman for nine years.  For his work as the translator and adapter of the book and lyrics of the Kurt Weill, Elisabeth Hauptmann, and Bertolt Brecht musical Happy End, he was nominated for two Tony Awards in 1977.

Pulitzer Prize for Criticism
The Pulitzer Prize for Criticism has been presented since 1970 to a newspaper writer in the United States who has demonstrated 'distinguished criticism'.  Recipients of the award are chosen by an independent board and officially administered by Columbia University. The Pulitzer Committee issues an official citation explaining the reasons for the award.
Robert Hart (musician)
Robert Hart (born 1 November 1958) is an English vocalist and songwriter.  He is currently the lead singer of Manfred Mann's Earth Band and Bad Co Legacy. He has performed as a solo artist, and with bands including The Distance, Diesel and Bad Company, as well as with former Whitesnake members in Company of Snakes. He also fronted The Jones Gang, a rock group formed by Hart, Rick Wills and Kenney Jones. He was the first English writer to be signed to Disney-owned Hollywood Records.

Hollywood Records
Hollywood Records is an American record label owned by the Disney Music Group which focuses on pop, rock, alternative, hip hop and country genres, also specializing in recordings for a more mature audience not suitable for the flagship Walt Disney Records label.

Founded in December 1989, its current roster includes Sofia Carson, Tini, Kevin Jonas, Area21, Queen, Little Image, Almost Monday, Joywave, Andy Grammer, Adrian Lyles, Freya Skye, and Kenzie. The label also releases soundtrack albums and digital releases from Marvel Studios, 20th Century Studios, Searchlight Pictures, ABC, National Geographic, Hulu, 20th Television, Freeform, FX Productions, and ESPN since their acquisitions by The Walt Disney Company.
Haymarket Square (Boston)
Haymarket Square is the historic name of a former town square in Boston, located between the North End, Government Center, the Bulfinch Triangle, and the West End. The square was a well-known feature of Boston from the mid-19th century to the mid-20th century, when the buildings around it were demolished to make way for the Central Artery and Government Center. The Haymarket produce market continues to operate at a location near the historic site of the square. The Haymarket MBTA station extends under the former site of the square.

Bulfinch Triangle Historic District
The Bulfinch Triangle Historic District is a historic district roughly bounded by Canal, Market, Merrimac, and Causeway Streets in the West End of Boston, Massachusetts. The entire district was laid out by architect Charles Bulfinch on land reclaimed from the old Mill Pond (also known as North Cove), and is now populated by well-preserved commercial buildings from the 1870s through early 1900s.  It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1986.
Vishal Mishra (director)
Vishal Ranjan Mishra is a Hindi film writer and director, known for his films like Coffee with D, Marudhar Express, Hotel Milan and Ae Kaash Ke Hum.

He recently completed shooting an untitled murder mystery starring Vivek Oberoi and Nithya Menen.

Vivek Oberoi
Vivek Anand Oberoi (born 3 September 1976) is an Indian actor and businessman. The son of actor Suresh Oberoi, he began acting in 2002 with starring roles in the Hindi crime film Company and romantic drama Saathiya. His performances in them were praised and he won two Filmfare Awards for the former. He subsequently had intermittent commercial successes in the comedy Masti (2004), horror film Kaal (2005) and action film Shootout at Lokhandwala (2007), while his supporting performance in the dramas Omkara (2006) and Kurbaan (2009) were praised.

Following a decline, he had commercial success in 2013 with the sequels Grand Masti and Krrish 3. He has since expanded to South Indian cinema, playing villainous roles in the action films Vivegam (2017), Lucifer (2019), Vinaya Vidheya Rama (2019), and Kaduva (2022).
Dog communication
Dog communication refers to the methods dogs use to  transfer information to other dogs, animals, and humans. Dogs may exchange information vocally, visually, or through smell.  Visual communication includes mouth shape and head position, licking and sniffing, ear and tail positioning, eye contact, facial expression, and body posture. Auditory communication can include barks, growls, howls, whines and whimpers, screams, pants and sighs. Dogs also communicate via gustatory communication, utilizing scent and pheromones.

Humans can communicate with dogs through a wide variety of methods. Broadly, this includes vocalization, hand signals, body posture and touch. The two species also communicate visually. Through domestication, dogs have become particularly adept at "reading" human facial expressions. Dogs recognise and infer emotional information from humans. When communicating with a human, their level of comprehension is generally comparable to a toddler.

Pheromone
A pheromone (from Ancient Greek  φέρω (phérō) 'to bear' and  hormone) is a chemical that is secreted or excreted by an organism, which triggers a social response in members of the same species. There are alarm pheromones, food trail pheromones, sex pheromones, and many others that affect behavior or physiology. Pheromones are used by many organisms, from basic unicellular prokaryotes to complex multicellular eukaryotes. Their use among insects has been particularly well documented. In addition, some vertebrates, plants and ciliates communicate by using pheromones. The ecological functions and evolution of pheromones are a major topic of research in the field of chemical ecology.
Russian destroyer Sokol (1895)
Sokol (Russian: Сокол - Falcon) was the first torpedo boat destroyer built for the Imperial Russian Navy. She was designed and built by the British shipbuilder Yarrows from 1894 to 1895 and was claimed to be the fastest warship in the world during her sea trials. She was renamed Pruitki (Russian: Прыткий - Nimble) in 1902.

The destroyer served as part of the Russian Baltic Fleet, taking part in the First World War and joined the Bolshevik Red Fleet following the October Revolution. She was active during the Russian Civil War and was scrapped in 1922.

Baltic Fleet
The Baltic Fleet (Russian: Балтийский флот, romanized: Baltiyskiy flot) is the fleet of the Russian Navy in the Baltic Sea.

Established 18 May 1703, under Tsar Peter the Great as part of the Imperial Russian Navy, the Baltic Fleet is the oldest Russian fleet. In 1918, the fleet was inherited by the Russian SFSR which then founded the Soviet Union in 1922, where it was eventually known as the Twice Red Banner Baltic Fleet as part of the Soviet Navy, as during this period it gained the two awards of the Order of the Red Banner. Following the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991, the Baltic Fleet was inherited by the Russian Federation and reverted to its original name as part of the Russian Navy.

The Baltic Fleet is headquartered in Kaliningrad and its main base is in Baltiysk (Pillau), both in Kaliningrad Oblast, while another base is in Kronstadt, Saint Petersburg, in the Gulf of Finland.
Dreaming Lips (1932 film)
Dreaming Lips (German: Der träumende Mund) is a 1932 French-German drama film directed by Paul Czinner and starring Elisabeth Bergner, Rudolf Forster and Anton Edthofer. The film is based on the play Mélo by Henri Bernstein. As was common at the time, the film was a co-production with a separate French-language version Mélo made.

After Bergner and Czinner went into exile in Britain following the Nazi takeover, they remade the film in 1937. A further German remake was released in 1953, starring Maria Schell.

Rudolf Forster
Rudolf Forster (30 October 1884 – 25 October 1968) was an Austrian film actor. He appeared in more than 100 films between 1914 and 1968. His autobiography Das Spiel, mein Leben was published by Propyläen Verlag in 1967. He was born in Gröbming, Austria, and died in Bad Aussee, Austria.
Morne Watt
Morne Watt or Watt Mountain is a mountain consisting of one or more stratovolcanoes at the south end of Dominica in the eastern Caribbean Sea. With an elevation of 1,224 m (4,016 ft), it is the third highest mountain in Dominica after Morne Diablotins and Morne Trois Pitons. The mountain is home to the Boiling Lake and Valley of Desolation thermal areas, both of which are the best-known volcanic features in Dominica and major tourist attractions in Morne Trois Pitons National Park.

Morne Watt was the source of a major eruption about 1,300 years ago that produced pyroclastic flows. A VEI-2 phreatic eruption occurred at the Valley of Desolation thermal area in 1880, which deposited ash 10 km (6.2 mi) away from the mountain. This was followed by a smaller VEI-1 phreatic eruption in July 1997. The 1880 and 1997 explosions are the only historically confirmed Dominican eruptions.

Morne Diablotins
Morne Diablotin is the highest mountain in Dominica, an island-nation in the Caribbean Lesser Antilles. It is the second highest mountain in the Lesser Antilles, after La Grande Soufrière in Guadeloupe.  Morne Diablotin is located in the northern interior of the island, about 24 kilometres (15 mi) north of Dominica's capital Roseau and about 10 kilometres (6.2 mi) southeast of Portsmouth, the island's second-largest town. It is located within Morne Diablotin National Park.

The mountain is volcanic, and last erupted c. 30,000 years ago.  There are no known historical eruptions. The source of the Toulaman River lies in the mountain area.

Morne Diablotin shares its name with the local term for the rare black-capped petrel (Pterodroma hasitata).
Ghetto Fabolous
Ghetto Fabolous is the debut studio album by American rapper Fabolous. It was released on September 11, 2001 through Desert Storm Records and Elektra Records. Production was handled by DJ Clue?, Duro, Armando Colon, DJ Envy, Just Blaze, Mono, Omen, Red Spyda, Rick Rock, Rockwilder, The Neptunes and Timbaland.

Ghetto Fabolous was supported by three singles: "Can't Deny It", Young'n (Holla Back)" and "Trade It All". The album received mixed critical reviews, and was a commercial success. The album debuted at number four on the US Billboard 200 chart, selling 143,000 copies in its first week. The album was certified platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).

The Neptunes
The Neptunes were an American record production duo composed of Pharrell Williams and Chad Hugo, formed in Virginia Beach, Virginia, in 1992. Williams often provided backing vocals and music video appearances on the duo's productions, while Hugo remained behind the scenes.

Since their inception, the Neptunes have produced songs for several music industry artists, including Clipse, Jay-Z, Kelis, N.O.R.E., Britney Spears, Justin Timberlake, Nelly, Ludacris, T.I., Robin Thicke, Usher, Gwen Stefani, and Snoop Dogg, among others. In 2009, Billboard ranked the Neptunes number one on their list of the top 10 producers of the decade. In January 2020, the Neptunes were announced to be inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame as a part of the 2020 class, and in May 2021, Hugo and Williams received Honorary Doctorates from Berklee College of Music and Boston Conservatory at Berklee.
Jirón Junín
Jirón Junín is a major street in the Damero de Pizarro, located in the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at its intersection with the Jirón de la Unión and continues for 19 blocks until it reaches Nicolás Ayllón Avenue.

Jirón de la Unión
Union Street (Spanish: Jirón de la Unión) is a major pedestrian street in the Damero de Pizarro, an area of the historic centre of Lima, Peru. The street starts at the Puente de Piedra, where it is continued on the other side of the Rímac River by Trujillo Street, and continues until it reaches Paseo de la República Avenue.

The street has traditionally served as the city's main axis since the Viceroyalty of Peru. Ater the War of Independence, it continued to function as a commercial centre, as well as a gathering point for the city's aristocratic upper class, who developed the custom of jironear. This reputation remained until the late 20th century, a turbulent period in the country's history that led to the city's mass expansion due to a continued migration of people from the country's interior.
John Bentley (politician)
John Bentley (March 23, 1822 – March 5, 1894) was a Welsh American immigrant, building contractor, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the Wisconsin State Assembly, representing Milwaukee County in the 1863, 1878, 1879, and 1880 sessions.  He also served as sheriff of Milwaukee County during the 1880s, and constructed many notable buildings of early Wisconsin.  In historical documents, his last name was sometimes spelled Bently.

32nd Wisconsin Legislature
The Thirty-Second Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 8, 1879, to March 5, 1879, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term. Assembly members were elected to a one-year term. Assembly members and odd-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 5, 1878. Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 6, 1877.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican William E. Smith, of Milwaukee County, serving the second year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1877 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Glanum
Glanum (Hellenistic Γλανόν, as well as Glano, Calum, Clano, Clanum, Glanu, Glano) was an ancient and wealthy city which still enjoys a magnificent setting below a gorge on the flanks of the Alpilles mountains. It is located about one kilometre south of the town of Saint-Rémy-de-Provence.

Originally a Celto-Ligurian oppidum, it expanded under Greek influence before becoming a Roman city. As it was never built over by settlements after the Roman period but was partly buried by deposits washed from the hills above, much of it was preserved. Many of the impressive buildings have been excavated and can be visited today.

It is particularly known for two well-preserved Roman monuments of the 1st century BC,  known as "Les Antiques", a mausoleum and a triumphal arch.

Oppidum
An oppidum (pl.: oppida) is a large fortified Iron Age settlement or town. Oppida are primarily associated with the Celtic late La Tène culture, emerging during the 2nd and 1st centuries BC, spread across Europe, stretching from Britain and Iberia in the west to the edge of the Hungarian Plain in the east. These settlements continued to be used until the Romans conquered Southern and Western Europe. Many subsequently became Roman-era towns and cities, whilst others were abandoned. In regions north of the rivers Danube and Rhine, such as most of Germania, where the populations remained independent from Rome, oppida continued to be used into the 1st century AD.
Languages of Uttar Pradesh
Uttar Pradesh is a multilingual state with 3 predominant languages and 26 other languages spoken in the state. The languages of Uttar Pradesh primarily belong to two zones in the Indo-Aryan languages, Central and East.

After the state's official language Hindi (and  co-official Urdu which is mutually intelligible), the Bhojpuri language is the second most spoken language with 25.5 million speakers or 11% of the state's population. Other languages spoken are Kauravi,  Awadhi, Braj, Bundeli, Bagheli and Kannauji. However, the exact speaker numbers for the languages are not known because the more educated prefer to speak in Hindi (in formal situations) and so return this answer on the census, while many in rural areas and the urban poor, especially the illiterate, list their language as "Hindi" on the census as they regard that as the term for their language, though incorrect.

Braj Bhasha
Braj is a language within the Indo-Aryan language family spoken in the Braj region in Western Uttar Pradesh centered on Mathura. Along with Awadhi, it was one of the two predominant literary languages of North-Central India before gradually merging and contributing to the development of standardized Hindi in the 19th century. It is spoken today in its unique form in many districts of Western Uttar Pradesh, often referred to as 'Central Braj Bhasha'.

The language was historically used for Vaishnavite poetry dedicated to Krishna, whose life was associated with sites in the Braj region. There were also early prose works in terms of the hagiographical vārtā literature of the Vallabha sect.

Braj is considered by scholars to be a more conservative example of the Central Indo-Aryan languages compared to the Hindustani language, which has been influenced by Punjabi and intermediate dialects.
Afsar (2018 film)
Afsar (transl. Officer) is a 2018 Indian Punjabi film directed by Gulshan Singh, starring Tarsem Jassar, Nimrat Khaira, Gurpreet Ghuggi and Karamjit Anmol. The film is based on the concept that Kanungo is a higher post than Patwari, but higher respect is given to the Patwari rather than Kanungo. The film is produced by Amiek Virk & Manpreet Johal. it is the debut film for director Gulshan Singh and the debut in a lead role for Nimrat Khaira.

Released theatrically on 5 October 2018, the romantic comedy received good reviews from the public but mixed reviews from critics. Commercially, the film opened well and earned ₹5.72 crore in its opening weekend worldwide.

Karamjit Anmol
Karamjit Anmol is an Indian actor, comedian, singer and film producer active in the Punjabi entertainment industry. He has worked in Punjabi movies including Laavaan Phere and Carry on Jatta 2. He has also acted in the comedy plays "OMG !! Oh My God" and "Naughty Baba In Town" which were staged in Canada, America, New Zealand and Australia. He received the "PTC Best Comedian Of The Year" award in 2017 for Main Teri Tu Mera. He belongs to OBC community.
Sraboner Dhara
Sraboner Dhara is an Indian Bengali drama film directed by Sudeshna Roy and Abhijit Guha. Starring Soumitra Chatterjee and Parambrata Chatterjee, the film deals with Alzheimer's disease, the issues faced by the younger generation, and the emotional attachment established with the medical caregivers of the older generation. It is based on Dr. Subhendu Sen's short story, Between Raindrops, and scripted by Padmanabha Dasgupta.

The film was selected to compete at the Kolkata International Film Festival under the Asian Select category. The film was released theatrically on 7 February 2020.

Parambrata Chatterjee
Parambrata Chattopadhyay (born 27 June 1980) is an Indian actor and director. Parambrata started his career with Bengali television and films. He has acted as the fictional character Topshe from Feluda under Sandip Ray's direction. His notable works include Bhalo Theko (2003), Baishe Srabon (2011), Sold (2014), Kadambari  (2017),  Anukul (2017),  Pari (2018), Ramprasad Ki Tehrvi (2019), Dwitiyo Purush(2020), Bulbbul (2020) and Doctor Bakshi (2023). He made his Hindi debut in Kahaani (2012), starring with Vidya Balan and Nawazuddin Siddiqui.
Nicholas Mele
Nicholas Mele is an American actor who has starred in many movies and on television. His first movie role was in the 1976 movie The Ritz. Other movie roles include Some Kind of Hero (1982) and Young Doctors in Love (1982). His most well-known film role was in the 1988 hit horror movie A Nightmare on Elm Street 4: The Dream Master as Dennis Johnson. A year later, he reprised his role in the hit sequel A Nightmare on Elm Street 5: The Dream Child. His most recent movie is the 2003 film The Great Gabble.

Mele has made guest appearances in many television series, including The White Shadow, Cagney and Lacey, Melrose Place and NYPD Blue.

Young Doctors in Love
Young Doctors in Love is a 1982 American comedy film directed by Garry Marshall. It spoofs a variety of medical shows (in particular, General Hospital) and has many guest stars from ABC soap operas.

The film stars Sean Young, Michael McKean, Harry Dean Stanton, Dabney Coleman and Patrick Macnee. It also features Demi Moore in one of her early film roles.
Chien-Cheng Circle
The Chien-Cheng Circle (Chinese: 建成圓環; pinyin: Jiànchéng Yuánhuán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kiàn-sêng Îⁿ-khoân) or Taipei Circle (Chinese: 臺北圓環; pinyin: Táiběi Yuánhuán; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Tâi-pak Îⁿ-khoân) is a public plaza in Datong District, Taipei, Taiwan. 
Formerly it was a  traffic circle, and the area used to host a  bustling  night market.

Night market
Night markets or night bazaars (Chinese: 夜市) are street markets which operate at night and are generally dedicated to more leisurely strolling, shopping, and eating than more businesslike day markets. The culture of night markets originates from China and have spread globally with overseas Chinese populations. They are typically open-air markets popular in East Asia, Southeast Asia, and Chinatowns in several other regions of the world.
James Dickson Phillips Jr.
James Dickson Phillips Jr. (September 23, 1922 – August 27, 2017) was an American attorney and jurist who served as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit.

United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit
The United States Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit (in case citations, 4th Cir.) is a federal court located in Richmond, Virginia, with appellate jurisdiction over the district courts in the following districts:

District of Maryland

Eastern District of North Carolina

Middle District of North Carolina

Western District of North Carolina

District of South Carolina

Eastern District of Virginia

Western District of Virginia

Northern District of West Virginia

Southern District of West Virginia

The court is based at the Lewis F. Powell Jr. United States Courthouse in Richmond, Virginia. With 15 authorized judgeships, it is the 4th largest circuit among the 13 United States Courts of Appeals.
Allison H. Eid
Allison Lynn Hartwell Eid (born 1965) is an American lawyer who serves as a United States circuit judge of the United States Court of Appeals for the Tenth Circuit since 2017. She previously served as an associate justice of the Colorado Supreme Court from 2006 to 2017.

Colorado Supreme Court
The Colorado Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Colorado. Located in Denver, the court was established in 1876. It consists of a Chief Justice and six Associate Justices who are appointed by the Governor of Colorado from a list of candidates approved by a state judicial commission. Each justice faces a retention election two years after their appointment and every ten years thereafter, with mandatory retirement at age 72.
Li Tao (Five Dynasties)
Li Tao (李濤) (c. 898?–961?), courtesy name Xinchen (信臣), formally the Duke of Ju (莒國公), was an official of the Chinese Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms Period Chu, Later Liang, Later Tang, Later Jin, Later Han, and Later Zhou, states, as well as the Song dynasty. He briefly served as chancellor during Later Han.

Later Liang (Five Dynasties)
Liang, known in historiography as the Later Liang (simplified Chinese: 后梁; traditional Chinese: 後梁; pinyin: Hòu Liáng) (1 June 907 – 19 November 923) or the Zhu Liang (Chinese: 朱梁), was an imperial dynasty of China and the first of the Five Dynasties during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. It was founded by Zhu Wen (Emperor Taizu), after he forced the last emperor of the Tang dynasty to abdicate in his favour (and then murdered him). The Later Liang would last until 923 when it was destroyed by the Later Tang dynasty.