hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Madhyavyutpatti
Madhyavyutpatti (Wylie: sGra sbyor bam po gñis pa) is the name of a Sanskrit-Tibetan lexicon.

These two scrolls were used as reference text for translating Sanskrit sutras into Tibetan language during Trisong Detsen's rule of Tibet during the early dissemination times. They were used along with Mahavyutpatti, which standardized the translation rules along with its pronunciation from various Sanskrit scrolls or exposition of sutra, vinaya, abhidharma, and even mantras and dharanis.

Old Tibetan
Old Tibetan refers to the earliest attested form of Tibetan language, reflected in documents from the adoption of writing by the Tibetan Empire in the mid-7th century to the early 9th century. In 816 CE, during the reign of Tibetan King Sadnalegs, literary Tibetan underwent comprehensive standardization, resulting in Classical Tibetan.
9th (2nd City of London) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers
The 9th (2nd City of London) Battalion, Royal Fusiliers, was a Territorial Army (TA) unit of the British Army during World War II. It served in home defence and in Persia and Iraq before entering the Tunisian campaign early in 1943. It then took part in the Salerno landings and subsequent campaign in Italy, including several river crossing and the defence of the Anzio beachhead. The battalion ended the war by storming across the River Po.

56th (London) Infantry Division
The 56th (London) Infantry Division was a Territorial Army infantry division of the British Army, which served under several different titles and designations. The division served in the trenches of the Western Front during the First World War. Demobilised after the war, the division was reformed in 1920 and saw active service again in the Second World War in Tunisia and Italy. The division was again disbanded in 1946 and reformed first as an armoured formation and then as an infantry division before final disbandment in 1961.
Greedy geometric spanner
In computational geometry, a greedy geometric spanner is an undirected graph whose distances approximate the Euclidean distances among a finite set of points in a Euclidean space. The vertices of the graph represent these points. The edges of the spanner are selected by a greedy algorithm that includes an edge whenever its two endpoints are not connected by a short path of shorter edges. The greedy spanner was first described in the PhD thesis of Gautam Das and conference paper and subsequent journal paper by Ingo Althöfer et al. These sources also credited Marshall Bern (unpublished) with the independent discovery of the same construction.

Greedy geometric spanners have bounded degree, a linear total number of edges, and total weight close to that of the Euclidean minimum spanning tree. Although known construction methods for them are slow, fast approximation algorithms with similar properties are known.

Degree (graph theory)
In graph theory, the degree (or valency) of a vertex of a graph is the number of edges that are incident to the vertex; in a multigraph, a loop contributes 2 to a vertex's degree, for the two ends of the edge. The degree of a vertex  is denoted  or . The maximum degree of a graph  is denoted by , and is the maximum of 's vertices' degrees. The minimum degree of a graph is denoted by , and is the minimum of 's vertices' degrees. In the multigraph shown on the right, the maximum degree is 5 and the minimum degree is 0.

In a regular graph, every vertex has the same degree, and so we can speak of the degree of the graph. A complete graph (denoted , where  is the number of vertices in the graph) is a special kind of regular graph where all vertices have the maximum possible degree, .

In a signed graph, the number of positive edges connected to a vertex  is called its positive degree and the number of connected negative edges is called  negative degree.
Serbian Church Council of Karlovac Metropolitanate
The Serbian People's Church Council of Karlovac Metropolitanate represented the most important institutions of Serbs in the Habsburg monarchy.

For more than two centuries (1708 - 1911), the Serbian Church Council in the Karlovac Metropolitanate not only elected archbishops, later patriarchs, but also made decisions on other questions — church-related, educational, and even on the purely political needs of the Serbs under Austro-Hungarian reign.

Metropolitanate of Karlovci
The Metropolitanate of Karlovci (Serbian: Карловачка митрополија, romanized: Karlovačka mitropolija) was a metropolitanate of the Eastern Orthodox Church that existed in the Habsburg monarchy between 1708 and 1848. Between 1708 and 1713, it was known as the Metropolitanate of Krušedol, and between 1713 and 1848, as the Metropolitanate of Karlovci. In 1848, it was elevated to the Patriarchate of Karlovci, which existed until 1920, when it was merged with the Metropolitanate of Belgrade and other Eastern Orthodox jurisdictions in the newly established  Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes to form the Serbian Orthodox Church.
Alabama State Route 181
State Route 181 (SR 181) is a 18.235-mile-long (29.346 km) route in Baldwin County in the southwestern part of the state.  The southern terminus of the route is at its junction with US 98 near Magnolia Springs.  The northern terminus of the route is at its junction with US 31, near Spanish Fort.

U.S. Route 98
U.S. Route 98 (US 98) is an east–west United States Highway in the Southeastern United States that runs from western Mississippi to southern Florida. It was established in 1933 as a route between Pensacola and Apalachicola, Florida, and has since been extended westward into Mississippi and eastward across the Florida Peninsula. It runs along much of the Gulf Coast between Mobile, Alabama, and Crystal River, Florida, including extensive sections closely following the coast between Mobile and St. Marks, Florida. The highway's western terminus is with US 84 in Bude, Mississippi. Its eastern terminus is Palm Beach, Florida, at State Road A1A (SR A1A) near the Mar-a-Lago resort.
Pyrus syriaca
Pyrus syriaca, commonly known as the Syrian pear, is a deciduous tree in the family Rosaceae.

The tree grows up to 13 metres tall with a broad, sometimes irregular crown. It features reddish-brown to grey branches marked by small lenticels, elliptic to ovate leaves with toothed margins, and white five-petalled flowers that appear in loose clusters during late April to early May. Its fruits are greenish-yellow pomes ranging from nearly spherical to broadly pear-shaped, maturing from late August through October.

Native to the eastern Mediterranean region and adjacent areas, its range extends from southern Turkey and the Transcaucasus through Cyprus, western Syria, northeastern Iraq, Lebanon, western Jordan, and into southwestern Iran. The species favours dry, well-drained habitats, often growing on sun-exposed, rocky slopes and in open oak forests, sometimes forming nearly pure stands alongside almond, maple, and hawthorn trees.

South Caucasus
The South Caucasus, also known as Transcaucasia, or the Transcaucasus, is a geographical region on the border of Eastern Europe and West Asia, straddling the southern Caucasus Mountains. The South Caucasus roughly corresponds to modern Armenia, Georgia, and Azerbaijan, which are sometimes collectively known as the Caucasian States. The total area of these countries measures about 186,100 square kilometres (71,850 square miles). The South Caucasus and the North Caucasus together comprise the larger Caucasus geographical region that divides Eurasia.
Cincinnati–Memphis rivalry
The Cincinnati–Memphis rivalry is a college sports rivalry between the University of Cincinnati Bearcats and the University of Memphis Tigers. The rivalry between these two schools dates to their first college football game in 1966, and has continued across all sports, with the men's basketball series gaining attention as well, having started in 1968. The schools have also shared conferences historically, with the rivalry stretching over the span of five conferences from the Missouri Valley Conference, to the Metro Conference, Great Midwest Conference, Conference USA, and more recently in the American Athletic Conference.

Metro Conference
The Metropolitan Collegiate Athletic Conference, popularly known as the Metro Conference, was an NCAA Division I athletics conference, so named because its six charter members were all in urban metropolitan areas, though its later members did not follow that pattern. The conference was centered in the Upper South with some strength in the Deep South. The conference never sponsored football, although most of its members throughout its history had Division I-A football programs (from 1983 to 1991, all Metro schools had independent football programs). In 1995, it merged with the Great Midwest Conference to form Conference USA. The merger was driven mainly by football, as several Metro Conference members had been successfully lured to larger conferences that sponsored the sport.

The conference was popularly known as the "Metro 6" during its first season, then as the "Metro 7" during the rest of the 1970s and early 1980s. For most of its existence, it was considered a "major" conference.
Nishi-ku, Hamamatsu
Nishi-ku (西区, Nishi-ku) was a ward in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan, located in the southwest corner of the city. It is bordered by Naka-ku, Kita-ku, Minami-ku, and the city of Kosai. The 3rd largest ward of Hamamatsu in terms of area, much of the ward is still rural, with farms and rice fields.

Nishi-ku was created on April 1, 2007 when Hamamatsu became a city designated by government ordinance (a "designated city").

Nishi-ku is served by Maisaka Station and Bentenjima Station on the Tōkaidō Main Line railway.

Kita-ku, Hamamatsu
Kita-ku (北区, Kita-ku) was a ward in Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan, located in the north of the city. It is bordered by Tenryū-ku to the north, Higashi-ku and Naka-ku to the east, Hamakita-ku Minami-ku and Kosai to the south, and the cities of Toyohashi and Shinshiro to the west. It is largely a residential suburb of central Hamamatsu, and a considerable portion of the ward is forested.

Kita-ku was created on April 1, 2007 when Hamamatsu became a city designated by government ordinance (a "designated city"). It consists of the former towns of Inasa, Hosoe and Mikkabi, which had already merged into Hamamatsu in 2005. In 2009, it had a population of 95,419 in an area of 277.63 km², with a population density of 344 persons per km².

Kita-ku is served by 14 stations on the Tenryū Hamanako Railroad Tenryū Hamanako Line railway.
Hi-riser
Hi-risers are a type of heavily-customized automobile, typically a full-size, body-on-frame, rear-wheel drive American sedan. They are modified by significantly increasing the vehicle's ground clearance, and adding large-diameter wheels with low-profile tires. Depending on the model, year and bodystyle, cars customized in this style can be labeled "donk", "box" or "bubble". Many within the community refer to this style of car as simply a "big rim" or "big wheel" car.

Full-size car
Full-size car, also known as large car, is a vehicle size class which originated in the United States and is used for cars larger than mid-size cars. It is the largest size class for cars. In the United Kingdom, this class is referred to as the executive car, while in Europe, it is known as E-segment or F-segment.
Saint Mary's Battery (Marsalforn)
Saint Mary's Battery (Maltese: Batterija ta' Santa Marija), also known as Qolla s-Safra Battery (Maltese: Batterija tal-Qolla s-Safra) or Gironda Battery (Maltese: Batterija ta' Gironda), was an artillery battery in Marsalforn, limits of Żebbuġ, Gozo, Malta. It was built by the Order of Saint John in 1715 as one of a series of coastal fortifications around the Maltese Islands.

The battery formed part of a chain of fortifications built to defend Marsalforn and nearby bays from Ottoman or Barbary attacks. Although the area was fortified by a number of towers, batteries, redoubts and entrenchments, all of these have been destroyed except for Qolla l-Bajda Battery between Qbajjar and Xwejni Bays.

The battery consisted of a semi-circular gun platform ringed by a parapet, and two blockhouses joined together by a wall. It has been demolished and no remains can be seen.

Marsalforn Tower
Marsalforn Tower (Maltese: Torri ta' Marsalforn) refers to two towers that stood near Marsalforn, in the limits of Xagħra, Gozo, Malta. The first one was built in 1616, as the fourth of six Wignacourt towers, and collapsed  around 1715. The second was a Tour-reduit, which was built in 1720 and demolished in 1915.

Both towers formed part of a chain of fortifications built to defend the town of Marsalforn and nearby bays from Ottoman or Barbary attacks. Although the area was fortified by several towers, batteries, redoubts and entrenchments, the only surviving vestige of these is Qolla l-Bajda Battery between Qbajjar and Xwejni Bays.
Rachel Rowe
Rachel Susan Rowe (born 13 September 1992) is a Welsh professional footballer who plays as a forward for Women's Championship club Nottingham Forest and the Wales national team.

Rowe began her senior career with Cardiff City before joining Swansea City in 2013. After two seasons, she joined Reading in February 2015, initially combining her playing career with a job in the prison service. She turned professional later the same year after helping the club win promotion to the FA Women's Super League. She made her international debut for Wales in 2017.

Nottingham Forest W.F.C.
Nottingham Forest Women is an English women's association football club affiliated with Nottingham Forest Football Club. Nottingham Forest Women are members of the Women's Super League 2, which stands at level two of the women's football league pyramid.
The Secret House (TV series)
The Secret House (Korean: 비밀의 집; RR: Bimirui jip) is a 2022 South Korean television series starring Seo Ha-jun, Lee Young-eun and Kim Jung-heon. The series, directed by Lee Min-soo and written by Won Yeong-ok for Green Snake Media, is a revenge story in which a dirt spoon lawyer chasing the traces of his missing mother walks into the secret surrounding him to fight the world. The daily drama premiered on MBC on April 11, 2022, and aired every weekday at 19:10 (KST) for 124 episodes.

Lee Young-eun
Lee Young-eun (Korean: 이영은; born August 9, 1982) is a South Korean actress. She is best known for starring in Korean dramas such as Likeable or Not, OB & GY, While You Were Sleeping, and Can't Stand Anymore.
Bone Lake (film)
Bone Lake is a 2024 American erotic thriller film directed by Mercedes Bryce Morgan and written by Joshua Friedlander. Maddie Hasson and Marco Pigossi play a couple whose getaway at a remote lakeside house is interrupted by another mysterious couple, played by Alex Roe and Andra Nechita, leading to a disturbing series of mind games and manipulation.

Bone Lake had its world premiere at Fantastic Fest on September 21, 2024, and was released in the United States on October 3, 2025. It was well received by critics and grossed $1.4 million at the box office.

Marco Pigossi
Marco Fábio Maldonado Pigossi (Portuguese: [ˈmaʁku piˈɡɔsi]; born 1 February 1989) is a Brazilian actor and producer. He is known for playing Dylan on the Australian television series Tidelands, and for playing Eric in the Brazilian series Invisible City.
Clery Act
The Jeanne Clery Campus Safety Act (formerly the Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus Crime Statistics Act), signed in 1990, is a federal statute codified at 20 U.S.C. § 1092(f), with implementing regulations in the U.S. Code of Federal Regulations at 34 CFR 668.46.

The Clery Act requires all colleges and universities that participate in federal financial aid programs to keep and disclose information about crime on and near their respective campuses. Compliance is monitored by the United States Department of Education, which can impose civil penalties, up to $69,733 per violation, against institutions for each infraction and can suspend institutions from participating in federal student financial aid programs.

The law is named after Jeanne Clery, a 19-year-old Lehigh University student who was raped and murdered in her campus residence hall in 1986. Her murder triggered a backlash against unreported crime on campuses across the country.

Student financial aid in the United States
Student financial aid in the United States is funding that is available exclusively to students attending a post-secondary educational institution in the United States. This funding is used to assist in covering the many costs incurred in pursuing post-secondary education. Financial aid is available from federal and state governments, educational institutions, and private organizations. It can be awarded through grants, loans, work-study, and scholarships. To apply for federal financial aid, students must first complete the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA).

The financial aid process has been criticized for its part in enrollment management, whereby students are awarded money not based on merit or need, but on the maximum the student families will pay.
Owen Arthur
Owen Seymour Arthur PC (17 October 1949 – 27 July 2020) was a Barbadian politician who served as the fifth prime minister of Barbados from 6 September 1994 to 15 January 2008. He is the longest-serving Barbadian prime minister to date.  He also served as Leader of the Opposition from 1 August 1993 to 6 September 1994 and from 23 October 2010 to 21 February 2013.

Arthur was a firm advocate for regional integration and cooperation among the countries of the Caribbean.  He was described by CARICOM as the chief architect of the Caribbean Single Market and Economy. He argued in favour of making the Caribbean Court of Justice the final court of appeal for countries of the Caribbean, and he advocated for the University of the West Indies regional airline LIAT, and projection of resistance against infringement on sovereignty by large nations.

Liat Air
Liat Air (/liːæt/; Antiguan and Barbudan Creole pronunciation [liːäːt]) is an airline of Antigua and Barbuda. The company was preceded by LIAT (1974), and commenced operations on 6 August 2024. Liat Air is a 30/70 venture between the Government of Antigua and Barbuda and Air Peace Caribbean Ltd, and its fleet has been inherited from LIAT (1974) and the latter.
Walter Balcanquhall
Walter Balcanquhall (1586? – 1645) was a Scottish clergyman who became a staunch  royalist and supporter of the church policy of Charles I of England. He was chosen by James I as a delegate from the Church of Scotland to the Synod of Dort.

Synod of Dort
The Synod of Dort (also known as the Synod of Dordt or the Synod of Dordrecht) was a European transnational Synod held in Dordrecht in 1618–1619, by the Dutch Reformed Church, to settle a divisive controversy caused by the rise of Arminianism. The first meeting was on 13 November 1618 and the final meeting, the 154th, was on 9 May 1619. Voting representatives from eight foreign Reformed churches were also invited. Dort was a contemporary Dutch term for the town of Dordrecht (and it remains the local colloquial pronunciation).

The Synod is best known for approving the Canons of Dort. In 2014, the first entire critical edition of the Acts and Documents of the Synod was published.
Gabriella Kotsis
Gabriella Kotsis (31 May 1928 – 17 August 2023) was a Hungarian indoor volleyball coach. Along with Lang Ping, she was one of only two women volleyball coaches to lead teams at multiple Olympics. Kotsis coached Hungary at the 1972 Olympic Games in Munich, the 1976 Olympic Games in Montreal and the 1980 Olympic Games in Moscow. In 2010, Kotsis was named into the Volleyball Hall of Fame.

International Volleyball Hall of Fame
The International Volleyball Hall of Fame (IVHF) was founded to honor extraordinary players, coaches, officials, and leaders who have made significant contributions to the game of volleyball. The Hall of Fame is located in Holyoke, Massachusetts, where volleyball was invented in 1895 by William G. Morgan at the local YMCA.
Anandavally
Anandavally C. R. (14 January 1952 – 5 April 2019) was an Indian actress and dubbing artist, who predominantly worked in the Malayalam film industry. She has lent voice to over 5,000 characters in over 2,000 Malayalam movies. Anandavally was the woman behind the voice and one of the senior most dubbing artists in Malayalam cinema. In 1993 alone, Ananadavally dubbed for at least 2000 films, lending her voice to lead female characters. This continues to remain among the unbreakable records in Malayalam industry. The dubbing artist had given voice to most of Geetha (actress) characters in almost all the 50 films she acted in Malayalam. In 1993, Anandavally dubbed for Vinaya Prasad as Sridevi in Manichitrathazhu, delivering the iconic dialogue "Entha Ammava." Anandavally was the voice of many strong women characters of the 1980s and '90s, including the much-loved character of Clara that Sumalatha played in Thoovanathumbikal.

Thoovanathumbikal
Thoovanathumbikal (transl. Dragonflies in the Spraying Rain) or, Dragonflies in the Gentle Rain, is a 1987 Indian Malayalam-language romantic drama film written and directed by P. Padmarajan, based partly on his own novel Udakappola. It revolves around Jayakrishnan (Mohanlal) who falls in love with two women; Radha (Parvathy), a distant relative of his, and Clara (Sumalatha), an escort in town.

An experimental film, it was a commercial failure at the box office, but over the years it has turned into a cult film with a large fan following. It was ranked eighth by IBN Live in the list of greatest Indian films of all time. The film is widely noted for its rich film score and songs, dialogues and characters, detailed screenplay, and Mohanlal and Sumalatha's performance. Rain is a recurring theme and is portrayed almost as a character in the film.
Curly fries
Curly fries, or twisted fries or spiral fries, are french fries cut into a spiral shape. Though they are sometimes said to have been invented by the Arby's restaurant chain, their actual origins are more complex; its existence can be traced back to the 19th century. The curly fry shape can also be produced with a spiralizer, spiral scissors, or industrial means.

Spiral
In mathematics, a spiral is a curve which emanates from a point, moving further away as it revolves around the point. It is a subtype of whorled patterns, a broad group that also includes concentric objects.
Geylang Methodist School (Secondary)
Geylang Methodist School (Secondary) (GMS(S)) is a co-educational government-aided Methodist secondary school located in Geylang, Singapore. Founded in 1924, the school offers secondary education leading to the Singapore-Cambridge GCE Ordinary Level or Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal Level examinations. The incumbent principal is Mr Victor Owyong.

Singapore-Cambridge GCE Normal Level
The Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education Normal Level (or Singapore-Cambridge GCE N-Level) examination is a national examination held annually in Singapore.  It is taken after four years in the Normal (Academic) or Normal (Technical) stream. For subjects examined in English and foreign languages, the examining authority are the University of Cambridge Local Examinations Syndicate. For localised language subjects, the examining authority is the Ministry of Education (MOE).

The Singapore-Cambridge General Certificate of Education Normal Level examination is sub-categorised into Normal (Academic) Level (N(A) Level) and Normal (Technical) Level (N(T) Level), catering to candidates under the Normal (Academic) (abbreviated as N(A)) and Normal (Technical) (abbreviated as N(T)) streams respectively.