hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Stephen H. Carpenter
Stephen Haskins Carpenter (August 7, 1831 – December 7, 1878) was an American academic, professor, philosopher, and linguist from Little Falls, New York. During his lifetime Carpenter oversaw the growth and management of various departments at the University of Wisconsin–Madison from the 1860s to the 1870s. Carpenter's primary focus of study was the English language and texts of the Anglo-Saxons, including specialties in Old English and Old English literature, such as literary works by Geoffrey Chaucer. Carpenter's contribution to the study of the Anglo-Saxon language and its grammar in-detail helped to pioneer an early form of language preservation of endangered languages and foster the study of extinct language.

Little Falls, New York
Little Falls is a city in Herkimer County, New York, United States. The population was 4,605 at the time of the 2020 census, which is the second-smallest city population in the state, ahead of only the city of Sherrill. The city is built on both sides of the Mohawk River, at a point at which rapids had impeded travel upriver. Transportation through the valley was improved by construction of the Erie Canal, completed in 1825 and connecting the Great Lakes with the Hudson River.

The city is located at the northeastern corner of the town of Little Falls and is east of Utica.

Little Falls has a picturesque location on the slope of a narrow and rocky defile, through which the Mohawk River falls 45 feet (14 m) in less than a mile (1.6 km), forming a number of cascades.
Bill Harris (swimmer)
William White Harris, Jr. (October 26, 1897 – March 7, 1961) was a Hawaiian born American competition swimmer who represented the United States at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium, and received a bronze medal in the 100-meter freestyle.

Bill W. Harris Jr. was born on October 26, 1897 to William White Harris, Sr., and Evelyn Pearl Dexter on October 26, 1897 in Honolulu, Hawaii.  Harris's father William, born in Indianapolis, worked throughout Asia, and eventually moved to Manila in the Philippines for a job in mining.

Duke Kahanamoku
Duke Paoa Kahinu Mokoe Hulikohola Kahanamoku (August 24, 1890 – January 22, 1968) was a Hawaiian competition swimmer, lifeguard, and popularizer of the sport of surfing. A Native Hawaiian, he was born three years before the overthrow of the Hawaiian Kingdom. He lived to see the territory's admission as a state and became a United States citizen. He was the world record holder of the 100-meters free style in swimming, and was a five-time Olympic medalist in swimming, winning medals in 1912, 1920 and 1924.

Kahanamoku joined fraternal organizations: he was a Scottish Rite Freemason in the Honolulu lodge, and a Shriner. He worked as a law enforcement officer, an actor, a beach volleyball player, and a businessman.
Andrea Ball
Andrea Ball is an American political aide who served as Chief of Staff to the First Lady of the United States, Laura Bush from 2001 to 2005 and Deputy Assistant to the President, George W. Bush during the same period. She previously worked as chief of staff to Laura Bush during her tenure as First Lady of Texas and held various roles within the Republican Party of Texas, including office manager and convention coordinator.

Republican Party of Texas
The Republican Party of Texas (RPT) is the Texas affiliate of the Republican Party in the United States. It is currently chaired by Abraham George, who succeeded Matt Rinaldi in 2024. The party is headquartered in Austin, Texas, and is legally considered a political action committee under Texas law. As of 2025, it is the state's ruling party, controlling all statewide elected offices, both houses of the legislature, and the majority of congressional seats.
Nicolaus of Damascus
Nicolaus of Damascus (Greek: Νικόλαος Δαμασκηνός, Nikolāos Damaskēnos; Latin: Nicolaus Damascenus; c. 64 BC – after 4 AD) was a Greek historian, diplomat and philosopher who lived during the Augustan age of the Roman Empire. His name is derived from that of his birthplace, Damascus. His output was vast, but it is nearly all lost. His chief work was a universal history in 144 books. Considerable remains of two works written late in his life exist: a life of Augustus and an autobiography. He also wrote a life of Herod, philosophical works, and tragedies and comedies.

There is an article on him in the Suda.

Universal history (genre)
A universal history is a work aiming at the presentation of a history of all of humankind as a whole. Universal historians try to identify connections and patterns among individual historical events and phenomena, making them part of a general narrative. A universal chronicle or world chronicle typically traces history from the beginning of written information about the past up to the present. Therefore, any work classed as such purportedly attempts to embrace the events of all times and nations insofar as scientific treatment of them is possible.

Siegfried of Ballhausen was the first to use the title Historia universalis (universal history) in 1304.
Dame Durden
Dame Durden is a traditional English folk song and children's rhyme (Roud Folk Song Index 1209), dating to the early nineteenth century. Best known in versions collected across southern England, the song describes the cheerful household of “Dame Durden”, who keeps five serving maids and five labouring men, all of whom pair off playfully on Valentine’s Day morning. The piece has remained in oral tradition and is widely associated with the Copper Family of Sussex. The name “Dame Durden” was also used in 19th-century literature and pantomime as a stock nickname for a kindly housekeeper or matron.

Roud Folk Song Index
The Roud Folk Song Index is a database of around 250,000 references to nearly 25,000 songs collected from oral tradition in the English language from all over the world. It is compiled by Steve Roud. Roud's Index is a combination of the Broadside Index (printed sources before 1900) and a "field-recording index" compiled by Roud. It subsumes all the previous printed sources known to Francis James Child (the Child Ballads) and includes recordings from 1900 to 1975. Until early 2006, the index was available by a CD subscription; now it can be found online on the Vaughan Williams Memorial Library website, maintained by the English Folk Dance and Song Society (EFDSS). A partial list is also available at List of folk songs by Roud number.
Santosh, Bangladesh
Santosh is a place in Tangail, Dhaka Division, Bangladesh. Before the British reign, it was named as 'Khoshnodpur'. The place is popular for Mawlana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhasani, a great saint and famous scholar.

Mawlana Bhashani spent his last years of his life in Santosh. He established "Santosh Islamic University" there in 1974. Bhashani established many educational institutes and earning sources under the Islamic University including a primary school, girls and boys high school, college, soap industry, cotton industry. Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University was established in 1999 on the campus of Islamic University founded by Mawlana Bhashani. The Mazar Sharif of Mawlana Abdul Hamid Khan Bhashani (R) resides here.

Tangail
Tangail (Bengali: টাঙ্গাইল, [ʈaŋgail]) is a city of Tangail District in central Bangladesh.  The establishment of the Tangail began with 3269 square kilometres of land requisitioned from Mymensingh. Earlier it was a Mahakuma of Mymensingh district. A significant city in Bangladesh, Tangail lies on the bank of the Louhajang River.
Justin Blood
Justin Blood (born November 20, 1979) is an American baseball coach and former player, who is the current head baseball coach of the Keene State Owls. He played college baseball at Franklin Pierce from 1999 to 2001. He then served as the head coach of the Hartford Hawks (2012–2021).

Franklin Pierce Ravens
The Franklin Pierce Ravens are the intercollegiate athletic teams that represent Franklin Pierce University, located in Rindge, New Hampshire, in NCAA sporting competitions. Franklin Pierce competes at the Division II level in 22 varsity sports.

In terms of conferences, the Ravens are primarily members of the Northeast-10 Conference, of which it has been a member since 2000. The three exceptions are the women's bowling team, which is a member of the East Coast Conference; the women's ice hockey team, which competes at the National Collegiate (Division I) level in the New England Women's Hockey Alliance (NEWHA), where it began play in Division I in 2019; and the women's rowing team, which competes as an independent.
Reggie Redding (American football)
Reginald James Redding (September 22, 1968 – November 27, 2023) was an American professional football offensive lineman who played two seasons in the National Football League (NFL) with the Atlanta Falcons and New England Patriots. He was selected by the Falcons in the fifth round of the 1990 NFL draft. He played college football at Laney College and California State University, Fullerton.

California State University, Fullerton
California State University, Fullerton (CSUF or Cal State Fullerton) is a public research university in Fullerton, California, United States. With a total enrollment of more than 41,000, it has the largest student body of the California State University (CSU) system, and its graduate student body of more than 5,000 is one of the largest in the CSU and in all of California. As of fall 2016, the school had 2,083 faculty, of whom 782 were on the tenure track. The university offers 109 degree programs: 55 undergraduate degrees and 54 graduate degrees, including 3 doctoral programs.

Cal State Fullerton is classified among "R2: Doctoral Universities – High research activity". It is also a Hispanic-Serving Institution (HSI) and is eligible to be designated as an Asian American Native American Pacific Islander Serving Institution (AANAPISI).

CSUF athletic teams compete in Division I of the NCAA and are collectively known as the CSUF Titans. They compete in the Big West Conference.
Hilde Tellesbø
Hilde Tellesbø (born 1963) is a Norwegian orienteering competitor. She received a silver medal in the relay event at the 1985 World Orienteering Championships in Bendigo, together with Ragnhild Bratberg, Helle Johansen and Ellen-Sofie Olsvik.

Ragnhild Bratberg
Ragnhild Bratberg (born 9 June 1961) is a Norwegian orienteering competitor and a cross-country skier. In orienteering, she won the overall Orienteering World Cup in 1988, and represented Norway several times in the World Orienteering Championships relays, winning medals in 1985, 1987 and 1991. In ski orienteering she won four individual gold medals at the World Ski Orienteering Championships, and once in the relay. She was awarded Egebergs Ærespris in 1988.
Olorotitan
Olorotitan is a monotypic genus of lambeosaurine duck-billed dinosaur, containing a single species, O. arharensis. It was among the last non-avian dinosaurs to go extinct during the Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event, having lived from the middle to late Maastrichtian age of the Late Cretaceous period. The remains were found in the Udurchukan Formation beds of Kundur, Arkharinsky District, Amur Oblast, Eastern Russia, in the vicinity of the Amur River.

Kundur, Russia
Kundur (Russian: Кундур) is a rural locality (a selo) and the administrative center of Kundursky Selsoviet of Arkharinsky District, Amur Oblast, Russia. The population was 693 as of 2018. There are 27 streets.
Silver City Bonanza
Silver City Bonanza is a 1951 American Western film directed by George Blair and written by Robert Creighton Williams. Starring Rex Allen, Buddy Ebsen, Mary Ellen Kay, Billy Kimbley, Alix Ebsen and Bill Kennedy, it was released on March 1, 1951, by Republic Pictures.

Bill Kennedy (actor)
Willard "Bill" Kennedy (June 27, 1908 – January 27, 1997) was an American actor, voice artist, and host of the long-running Detroit-based television show, Bill Kennedy at the Movies. He began his career as a staff announcer in radio; Kennedy's voice narrates the opening of the television series Adventures of Superman.
Joe Dempsie
Joe Dempsie (born 1987 or 1988) is an English actor, best known for his roles as Chris Miles in the E4 teen comedy-drama Skins (2007–2008) and Gendry in Game of Thrones (2011–2013; 2017–2019).

Dempsie's earlier acting credits include the medical dramas Peak Practice (2000), Doctors (2001–2003), and Sweet Medicine (2003), as well as the films One for the Road and Heartlands (2003). He also appeared in This is England '86 (2010) and This is England '90 (2015), Born and Bred, a BBC documentary-drama about Tony Martin, and as the villainous John in The Fades (2011).

This Is England '86
This Is England '86 is a 2010 British drama miniseries written by Shane Meadows and Jack Thorne, a spin-off from the 2006 film This Is England. Set three years later, it focuses on the mod revival scene rather than the skinhead subculture, with the gang variously adopting an eclectic mix of clothing styles.

Like the film version previously, Thomas Turgoose stars as Shaun, with central roles played by Joe Gilgun as Woody, now a scooter-riding mod, although girlfriend Lol (Vicky McClure) and her friend Trev stay loyal to their roots and still wear the skinhead garb. Lol's sister Kelly has gone new wave/punk, while other gang members adopt psychobilly, early chav and mohican influences.

The story takes place during the 1986 FIFA World Cup. As Shaun completes his last school exam, he realises he will have to find his way in the world. His now-estranged friends including Woody, Lol, Smell, Gadget and Meggy, are still around the area, looking for love, entertainment and employment.
No Sé Si Es Baires o Madrid
No Sé Si es Baires o Madrid (Don't Know if it is 'Buenos Aires' or Madrid) is the third live album by Argentine recording artist Fito Páez. Released by RCA Records on June 23, 2009, it was recorded before a live audience at the Palacio de los Congresos in Madrid, Spain, on April 24, 2008. The album includes featured performances by Pereza, Diego del Morao, Sabú, Dani Noel, Joaquín Sabina, Pablo Milanés, Ariel Rot, Gala Évora, Marlango, Mavi Díaz and Coki.

To promote the album, Páez released "Contigo", a duet with Joaquín Sabina, which was their first joint performance in ten years.  They recorded Enemigos Intimos in 1998. The album received positive reviews, earned Páez a Latin Grammy for Best Male Pop Vocal Album, and was certified gold in Argentina.

Pablo Milanés
Pablo Milanés Arias (24 February 1943 – 22 November 2022) was a Cuban guitar player and singer. He was one of the founders of the Cuban nueva trova, along with Silvio Rodríguez and Noel Nicola. His music, originating in the Trova, Son and other traditional styles of early 20th Century Cuban music, set him apart from the style of Silvio Rodríguez.
Hulchul (1951 film)
Hulchul (lit. Commotion) is a 1951 Indian Hindi-language drama film directed by S. K. Ojha and written by Hasrat Jaipuri. The film was produced by K. Asif with Mohammed Shafi-Sajjad Hussain as music directors and film song lyrics by Khumar Barabankvi.

This film stars Dilip Kumar, Nargis along with K. N. Singh, Balraj Sahni, Jeevan and Yakub. It is a loose adaptation of Emily Brontë's 1847 novel Wuthering Heights.

K. N. Singh
Krishan Niranjan Singh (1 September 1908 – 31 January 2000), known as K. N. Singh in Indian cinema, was a prominent villain and character actor. He appeared in over 200 Hindi films over a long career stretching from 1936 to the late 1980s.
Victor Skellern
Victor G. Skellern (1909–1966) was a British ceramics designer and stained glass producer who was the art director at Wedgwood from 1934 to 1965. He helped to modernise Wedgwood, and his design work was a factor in the company's resurgence after 1935. He was also known for employing well-known designers from outside the company. Skellern's ceramics designs were exhibited at Grafton Galleries (1936) and the Britain Can Make It exhibition (1946) in London. Some of his designs are now on display at the V&A Museum, Yale Center for British Art, Museum of Applied Arts & Sciences and the Wedgwood Museum. His design "Strawberry Hill", with Millicent Taplin, was awarded the Council of Industrial Design's Design of the Year Award in 1957.

Design Council
The Design Council, formerly the Council of Industrial Design, is a United Kingdom charity incorporated by royal charter. Its stated mission is "to be the UK's national champion for design". It was instrumental in the promotion of the concept of inclusive design.

The Design Council's archive is located at the University of Brighton Design Archives.

The Design Council operates two subsidiaries, the Design Council Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment (Design Council CABE) and Design Council Enterprises Limited.
Ernest Haller
Ernest Jacob Haller ASC (May 31, 1896 – October 21, 1970), sometimes known as Ernie J. Haller, was an American cinematographer.

He was most notable for his involvement in Gone with the Wind (1939), and his close professional relationships with prominent actresses of the time, such as Bette Davis, Joan Crawford, and Ingrid Bergman.

Haller was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Cinematography seven times for Jezebel, All This, and Heaven Too, Mildred Pierce, The Flame and The Arrow, What Ever Happened to Baby Jane? and Lilies of the Field; winning once for Gone with the Wind.

He was killed in a car accident in Marina Del Rey, California on October 21, 1970, at the age of 74, and was buried at Freedom Mausoleum, Forest Lawn, Glendale, California.

Jezebel (1938 film)
Jezebel is a 1938 American romantic drama film released by Warner Bros. Pictures and directed by William Wyler. It stars Bette Davis and Henry Fonda, with George Brent, Margaret Lindsay, Donald Crisp, Fay Bainter, Richard Cromwell, Henry O'Neill, Spring Byington, and Fay Bainter in supporting roles.

The screenplay was adapted by Clements Ripley, Abem Finkel, and John Huston from the 1933 play by Owen Davis Sr. The film tells the story of Julie Marsden, a headstrong, young woman during the Antebellum period whose actions cost her Preston Dillard, the man she loves.

In 2009, Jezebel was included in the annual selection of 25 motion pictures added to the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as "culturally, historically or aesthetically" significant and recommended for preservation.
New Caledonian languages
The thirty New Caledonian languages, also known as Kanak languages, form a branch of the Southern Oceanic languages. Their speakers are known as Kanaks. One language is extinct, one is critically endangered, four are severely endangered, five are endangered, and another five are vulnerable to extinction.

Paicî language
Paicî is the most commonly spoken of the main island's two dozen languages of New Caledonia. It is spoken in a band across the center of the island, in the communes of Poindimié, Ponérihouen, Koné and Poya.
Teschen District
Teschen District (German: Politischer Bezirk Teschen, Czech: Politický okres Těšín, Polish: Powiat polityczny Cieszyn) was a political district (equivalent to okres in the Czech Republic and powiat in Poland) in Austrian Silesia of the Austrian Empire (and since 1867 of Austria-Hungary) existing between 1850–1855 and 1868–1920. Its administrative center was the city of Teschen (now Cieszyn, Poland and Český Těšín, Czech Republic).

Dolní Lomná
Dolní Lomná (Polish: Łomna Dolnaⓘ, German: Nieder Lomna) is a municipality and village in Frýdek-Místek District in the Moravian-Silesian Region of the Czech Republic. It has about 900 inhabitants. The municipality has a significant Polish minority.
Knabrostræde 5
Knabrostræde 5 is a Neoclassical property located in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was listed on the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1986. Lorenz von Stein resided in the building as a lodger with a widow on the second floor during his short spell as a volunteer in the Schleswig Holsten Lauenborgske Cancellie.

Lorenz von Stein
Lorenz von Stein (18 November 1815 – 23 September 1890) was a German economist, sociologist, and public administration scholar from Eckernförde. As an advisor to Meiji period Japan, his liberal political views influenced the wording of the Constitution of the Empire of Japan as well as major constitutional thinkers such as Rudolf von Gneist.

According to Colin Gordon, Stein articulated a "vision of a liberal state as active historic partner in the making of civil society" and called for "a tabling of the question of class formation as part of the state's agenda." Stein advocated a combination of constitutional liberal state with a welfare state, and has been called the "intellectual father of the welfare state. Stein and other Hegelian liberals, such as Robert von Mohl, also had a profound influence on American progressivism.
Index of firefighting articles
Firefighting is the act of extinguishing destructive fires. A firefighter fights these fires with the intent to prevent destruction of life, property and the environment. Firefighting is a highly technical profession, which requires years of training and education in order to become proficient. A fire can rapidly spread and endanger many lives; however, with modern firefighting techniques, catastrophe can usually be avoided. To help prevent fires from starting, a firefighter's duties include public education and conducting fire inspections. Because firefighters are often the first responders to victims in critical conditions, firefighters often also provide basic life support as emergency medical technicians or advanced life support as licensed paramedics. Firefighters make up one of the major emergency services, along with the emergency medical service, the police, and many others.

Advanced life support
Advanced life support (ALS) is a set of life-saving protocols and skills that extend basic life support (BLS) to further support the circulation and provide an open airway and adequate ventilation (breathing).
Once Upon a Time in Kochi
Once Upon a Time in Kochi is a 2024 Indian Malayalam language comedy film written by Raffi and directed by Nadirshah featuring Arjun Ashokan, Devika Sanjay, Mubin Rafi, Shine Tom Chacko, Johny Antony and Baiju Santhosh as the lead characters. The film was released on 31 May 2024.

Johny Antony
Johny Antony is an Indian film director and actor, known for making comedy films in Malayalam cinema. He is from Changanassery in Kottayam district, Kerala. He worked for about a decade as an associate to directors Thulasidas, Taha, Kamal and Jose Thomas. Antony made his directorial debut with the slapstick comedy C.I.D. Moosa in 2003.

His other directorial ventures include Kochi Rajavu (2005), Thuruppu Gulan (2006), Cycle (2008), Ee Pattanathil Bhootham (2009), Masters (2012), Thappana (2012) and Thoppil Joppan (2016). Antony made his acting debut with a role in the film Shikkari Shambhu (2018). His acting credits include the films Drama (2018), Joseph (2018), Ganagandharvan (2019), Varane Avashyamund (2020), and Home (2021).
Karla Riley
Karla Paola Riley Serracín (born 18 September 1997) is a Panamanian footballer who plays as a forward for Chilean club Universidad de Chile and the Panama women's national team. She is nicknamed La emperatriz del gol (The empress of the goal).

Club Universidad de Chile (women)
Universidad de Chile Femenino is a Chilean women's football club from Santiago representing Club Universidad de Chile in the Campeonato Nacional Fútbol Femenino. It was founded in 2008.

Universidad de Chile has won the 2016 Apertura Championship.

The team made its debut on Copa Libertadores Femenina 2020 in Argentina in March 2021. Eventually it reached semi-final.