hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Disappearance of Dylan Ehler
Dylan Ehler is a Canadian boy whose disappearance on May 6, 2020 at the age of 3 became the subject of much media interest. His parents, Ashley Brown and Jason Ehler, criticized what they regarded as shortcomings in the initial police investigation. They also filed suit under provincial cyberbullying law against two administrators of a social media group that had hosted messages suggesting the parents were negligent or responsible for the death of their son.

Cyberbullying
Cyberbullying (cyberharassment or online bullying/harassment) is a form of bullying or harassment using electronic means. Since the 2000s, it has become increasingly common, especially among teenagers and adolescents, due to young people's increased use of social media. Related issues include online/internet harassment and trolling. In 2015, according to cyberbullying statistics from the i-Safe Foundation, over half of adolescents and teens had been bullied online, and about the same number had engaged in cyberbullying. Both the bully and the victim are negatively affected, and the intensity, duration, and frequency of bullying are three aspects that increase the negative effects on both of them.
Hildegard Burjan
Hildegard Lea Burjan (née Hildegard Freund; 30 January 1883 – 11 June 1933) was an Austrian politician and convert from Judaism to the Roman Catholic Church. She founded the Sisterhood of Caritas Socialis. Burjan set up several organizations for the promotion of women's rights and for the rights of all workers and their families and this even saw her elected to the Austrian Parliament where she served until her retirement due to ill health.

A beatification process for Hildegard Burjan commenced under Pope John Paul II in 1982. Pope Benedict XVI beatified her in 2012; Cardinal Angelo Amato presided over the celebration on the pope's behalf.

Angelo Amato
Angelo Amato, S.D.B. (8 June 1938 – 31 December 2024) was an Italian cardinal of the Catholic Church who served as the Prefect of the Congregation for the Causes of Saints between 2008 and 2018. He served as Secretary of the Congregation for the Doctrine of the Faith from 2002 to 2008 and became a cardinal in 2010.
Das Reizleitungssystem des Säugetierherzens
Das Reizleitungssystem des Säugetierherzens (English: "The Conduction System of the Mammalian Heart") is a scientific monograph published in 1906 by Sunao Tawara. It has been recognized by cardiologists as a monumental discovery, and a milestone in cardiac electrophysiology".

The monograph revealed the existence of the atrioventricular node and the function of Purkinje cells. It was used by Arthur Keith and Martin Flack as a detailed guide in their attempts to verify the existence of the Bundle of His, which subsequently led to their discovery of the sinoatrial node. Throughout the beginning of the 20th century, Tawara's monograph influenced the work of many cardiologists and it was later cited by Willem Einthoven in his anatomical interpretation of the electrocardiogram.

Willem Einthoven
Willem Einthoven (21 May 1860 – 29 September 1927) was a Dutch medical doctor and physiologist. He invented the first practical electrocardiograph (ECG or EKG) in 1895 and received the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1924 for it ("for the discovery of the mechanism of the electrocardiogram").
The Pirates of Central Park
The Pirates of Central Park is a 2001 American family adventure short film, adapted from the short story The Pirates of the Round Pond by Lord Dunsany. Directed by Robert Farber, with a screenplay by Daniel Weitzman and produced by Adam Stone, it stars Adam Lamberg, singer and actor Jesse McCartney, Patrick Duffy and Michelle Harris. It was released to cinemas on January 1, 2001 and was an official selection of the 2001 Long Island International Film Expo and the 25th Cleveland International Film Festival.

Patrick Duffy
Patrick Duffy (born March 17, 1949) is an American television actor and director widely known for his role as Bobby Ewing on the CBS primetime soap opera Dallas (1978–1991). Duffy returned to reprise his role as Bobby in a continuation of Dallas, which aired on TNT from 2012 to 2014. He is also well known for his role on the ABC sitcom Step by Step as Frank Lambert from 1991 to 1998, and for his role as Stephen Logan on the CBS daytime soap opera The Bold and the Beautiful (2006–2011, 2022, 2023). Duffy played the lead character's father in the 2014 NBC sitcom Welcome to Sweden.
Nan Phelps
Nan Phelps (née Hinkle; August 25, 1904 – January 17, 1990), was an American folk artist from London, Kentucky. Phelps' work has often been compared to that of the more famous Grandma Moses in both style and subject matter.

Horace Pippin
Horace Pippin (February 22, 1888 – July 6, 1946) was an American painter who painted a range of themes, including scenes inspired by his service in World War I, landscapes, portraits, and biblical subjects. Some of his best-known works address the U.S.'s history of slavery and racial segregation. He was the first Black artist to be the subject of a monograph, Selden Rodman's Horace Pippin, A Negro Painter in America (1947), and The New York Times eulogized him as "the most important Negro painter" in American history. He is buried at Chestnut Grove Cemetery Annex in West Goshen Township, Pennsylvania. A Pennsylvania State historical Marker at 327 Gay Street, West Chester, Pennsylvania, identifies his home at the time of his death and commemorates his accomplishments.
Sumner, New Zealand
Sumner is a coastal seaside suburb of Christchurch, New Zealand, and was surveyed and named in 1849 in honour of John Bird Sumner, the newly appointed Archbishop of Canterbury and president of the Canterbury Association. Originally a separate borough, it was later amalgamated with the city of Christchurch as communications improved and the economies of scale made small-town boroughs uneconomic to operate.

Canterbury Association
The Canterbury Association was formed in 1848 in England by members of parliament, peers, and Anglican church leaders, to establish a colony in New Zealand. The settlement was to be called Canterbury, with its capital to be known as Christchurch. Organised emigration started in 1850 and the colony was established on the South Island. The First Four Ships took out settlers steeped in the region's history. The Association was not a financial success for the founding members and the organisation was wound up in 1855.
Yeh Dillagi
Yeh Dillagi (transl. This Cheerfulness) is a 1994 Indian Hindi-language romantic comedy-drama film directed by Naresh Malhotra and produced by Yash Chopra for his production company Yash Raj Films. Based on the 1954 American film Sabrina (itself based on Samuel A. Taylor's 1953 play Sabrina Fair), its story revolves on two brothers (Akshay Kumar and Saif Ali Khan) who both fall in love with their family driver's daughter, Sapna (Kajol), a successful model.

Yeh Dillagi released on 6 May 1994, and emerged as a commercial success, grossing ₹10.8 crore against its ₹1.6 crore budget. It received positive reviews from critics upon release, with particular praise for Kajol's performance.

At the 40th Filmfare Awards, Yeh Dillagi received 4 nominations – Best Actor (Kumar), Best Actress (Kajol), Best Music Director (Dilip Sen, Sameer Sen) and Best Male Playback Singer (Abhijeet for the song "Ole Ole"). The film was later remade in Telugu as Priya O Priya (1997).

Filmfare Award for Best Music Director
The Filmfare Award for Best Music Director is given by the Filmfare magazine as part of its annual Filmfare Awards for Hindi films, to the best composer/arranger of a soundtrack. Filmfare award is the most prestigious award in India for Music Directors apart from the National Award. This category was first presented in 1954. Naushad Ali was the first recipient of this award for his song "Tu Ganga Ki Mauj" from the film Baiju Bawra. For the first two years, it was awarded to the composer for a particular song and not the entire album. From 1956 onwards, awards in this category have been given for the entire soundtrack. From 2017, the name of this was category changed from best music direction to music album.
When Mom Is Away... With the In-laws
When Mom Is Away... With the In-laws (Italian: 10 giorni con i suoi, lit. '10 days with his family', also spelled Dieci giorni con i suoi) is a 2025 Italian comedy film  co-written and directed by Alessandro Genovesi, starring Fabio De Luigi and Valentina Lodovini. It is the sequel of When Mom Is Away... With the Family and the third chapter in the film series started with When Mom Is Away.

When Mom Is Away
When Mom Is Away (Italian: 10 giorni senza mamma, lit. '10 days without mom') is a 2019 Italian comedy film directed by Alessandro Genovesi.

A Christmas-themed sequel entitled When Mom Is Away... With the Family was released in December 2020.
Kenley, Shropshire
Kenley is a small village and civil parish in the English county of Shropshire. It is located in remote countryside, atop a ridge at around 180 metres (590 ft) above sea level. It is near the larger villages of Acton Burnell, about three miles to the north-west, and Harley, about two miles to the east. The population of the civil parish at the 2011 census was 258.

The name is probably formed from the Old English personal name Cenna with -ley, meaning a clearing in a wood.

To the west are the hamlets of Ruckley and Langley, which form a separate civil parish.

The historian Archibald Alison and statistician William Farr were born in Kenley.

Acton Burnell
Acton Burnell (/æktən bɜːrnəl/) is a village and parish in the English county of Shropshire. Home to Concord College, it is also famous for an early meeting of Parliament where the Statute of Acton Burnell was passed in 1283. The population at the 2011 census was 544.

The village today has a post office and Anglican parish church, as well as a Roman Catholic cemetery.
Spark (mathematics)
In mathematics, more specifically in linear algebra, the spark of a  matrix  is the smallest integer  such that there exists a set of  columns in  which are linearly dependent. If all the columns are linearly independent,  is usually defined to be 1 more than the number of rows. The concept of matrix spark finds applications in error-correction codes, compressive sensing, and matroid theory, and provides a simple criterion for maximal sparsity of solutions to a system of linear equations.

The spark of a matrix is NP-hard to compute.

NP-hardness
In computational complexity theory, a computational problem H is called NP-hard if, for  every problem L which can be solved in non-deterministic polynomial-time, there is a polynomial-time reduction from L to H. That is, assuming a solution for H takes 1 unit time, H's solution can be used to solve L in polynomial time. As a consequence, finding a polynomial time algorithm to solve a single NP-hard problem would give polynomial time algorithms for all the problems in the complexity class NP. As it is suspected, but unproven, that P≠NP, it is unlikely that any polynomial-time algorithms for NP-hard problems exist.

A simple example of an NP-hard problem is the subset sum problem.

Informally, if H is NP-hard, then it is at least as difficult to solve as the problems in NP. However, the opposite direction is not true: some problems are undecidable, and therefore even more difficult to solve than all problems in NP, but they are provably not NP-hard (unless P=NP).
1980 Totonero
Totonero 1980 or Totonero was a match-fixing scandal in Italy in 1980 in Serie A and Serie B. The participants in this scandal were Avellino, Bologna, Lazio, Milan, and Perugia of Serie A and Palermo and Taranto of Serie B, as well as several players from these and other teams in Italy, all of whom were declared guilty after the trials. Notably, Paolo Rossi was suspended for three years (reduced to two on appeal), and upon his return helped Italy in their successful 1982 FIFA World Cup campaign.

US Avellino 1912
Unione Sportiva Avellino 1912, commonly referred to as US Avellino 1912, is an Italian professional football club based in Avellino, Campania. It competes in Serie B, the second tier of Italian football.

It is the official continuity club of US Avellino 1912, known worldwide for having competed in Serie A for ten consecutive seasons, from 1978–1979 to 1987–1988. The team went through two major reboots: once, in 2009, when it went bankrupt, and then, in 2018, when it was excluded from Serie B. In both cases, new clubs were founded to join the Serie D league.

The club was renamed as Avellino Calcio.12 Società Sportiva Dilettantistica in 2009, then Associazione Sportiva Avellino 1912 in 2010, and restored to the original Unione Sportiva Avellino 1912 in 2015, although initially taking the name Calcio Avellino Società Sportiva Dilettantistica for the 2018–2019 season.
Shroud (character)
Maximillian Quincy Coleridge is a superhero appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. Created by writer Steve Englehart and artist Herb Trimpe, the character first appeared in Super-Villain Team-Up #5 (April 1976). Coleridge, known under the codename The Shroud, set out to establish himself as the world's greatest hero. To maintain his guise as a villain, he assumed leadership of the supervillain team Night Shift, often manipulating its members into performing heroic acts without their knowledge. Inspired by his encounters with the West Coast Avengers—particularly Moon Knight—Coleridge later aspired to carry on Marc Spector's legacy by becoming the next Moon Knight.

West Coast Avengers
The West Coast Avengers is a fictional group of superheroes appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The team first appeared in The West Coast Avengers #1 (Sept. 1984), created by Roger Stern and Bob Hall. It was the first spin-off publication for the Avengers.

Following the 1984 limited series, the West Coast Avengers were the focus of an ongoing series published from October 1985 to January 1994. Volume 3 began publication in September 2018 as part of the Fresh Start relaunch but was cancelled after 10 issues. A fourth volume launched in November 2024.
Supermax (Spanish TV series)
Supermax is a television series created and directed by Daniel Burman and co-produced by Mediaset España Comunicación, Central Globo de Produção, Televisión Azteca, Teledoce, and Televisión Pública Argentina. The series follows the story of eight characters who purge their guilty for criminal acts they have committed in the past in a reality show recorded in an abandoned high security prison, where years before there was a big slaughter. It stars Santiago Segura, Cecilia Roth and Rubén Cortada.

The series premiered on September 15, 2017 on HBO Spain, later to be released on October 5, 2017 on Televisión Azteca.

Cecilia Roth
Cecilia Edith Rotenberg Gutkin (born 8 August 1956), known professionally as Cecilia Roth (Spanish pronunciation: [seˈsilja rot]) is an Argentine actress. She is the winner of two Goya Awards and a European Film Award. She is known for being an "Almodóvar girl" and the "muse" of Fito Páez during the 1990s.
Tiger Global Management
Tiger Global Management, LLC (often referred to as Tiger Global and formerly known as Tiger Technology) is an American investment firm founded by Chase Coleman III, a former Tiger Management employee under Julian Robertson, in March 2001. It mainly focuses on internet, software, consumer, and financial technology companies.

Julian Robertson
Julian Hart Robertson Jr. KNZM (June 25, 1932 – August 23, 2022) was an American hedge fund manager, and philanthropist.

Robertson founded Tiger Management, one of the first hedge funds, in 1980. From its inception in 1980 to its 1998 asset peak, his fund returned 31.7% per year after fees, compared to a 12.7% annual return from the S&P 500 over the same period. However, a sharp decline thereafter led to the fund closing in March 2000. Tiger showed losses in only four of its 21 years. Robertson later mentored and provided seed funding to many notable hedge fund managers, known as the Tiger cubs, including Ole Andreas Halvorsen, Stephen Mandel of Lone Pine Capital, Lee Ainslie of Maverick Capital, Bill Hwang, and Chase Coleman III.

During his lifetime, Robertson contributed more than US$2 billion to charity. He was also a signatory to The Giving Pledge. At the time of his death, his net worth was estimated at $4.8 billion.
Harry Ratican
Harry Jay Ratican (January 20, 1894 – August 22, 1964) was an American soccer forward, coach and team owner.  He began and ended his career in the St. Louis Soccer League with several years in both the National Association Football League and American Soccer League.  He is a member of the National Soccer Hall of Fame.

National Association Football League
The National Association Football League (also spelled National Association Foot Ball League) (NAFBL) was a semi-professional U.S. soccer league which operated between 1895 and 1898. The league was reconstituted in 1906 and continued to operate until 1921.
Jim Smith (business executive)
James C. Smith (born 1959) is an American business executive. He started his career as a journalist and editor, joined Thomson Newspapers in 1987 and subsequently held management positions such as head of Thomson Newspapers in North America and chief operating officer (COO) of the Thomson Corporation. After being CEO of Thomson Reuters' professional division, Thomson Reuters named him COO in 2011 and CEO in January 2012. In February 2020, Steve Hasker succeeded Smith as President and CEO of Thomson Reuters. Involved with initiatives such as the international business council of the World Economic Forum, he is also on the board of Pfizer.

Thomson Reuters
Thomson Reuters Corporation (/ˈrɔɪtərz/ ⓘ ROY-tərz) is a Canadian multinational content-driven technology conglomerate. The company was founded in Toronto, Ontario, and maintains its headquarters in the city at 19 Duncan Street.

Thomson Reuters was created by the Thomson Corporation's purchase of the British company Reuters Group on 17 April 2008. It is majority-owned by the Woodbridge Company, a holding company for the Thomson family of Canada.
Algorithmic Contract Types Unified Standards
Algorithmic Contract Types Unified Standards (ACTUS) is an attempt to create a globally accepted set of definitions and a way of representing almost all financial contracts. Such standards are regarded as important for transaction processing, risk management, financial regulation, the tokenization of financial instruments, and the development of smart contracts for decentralized finance (DeFi) using blockchain technology. ACTUS is used as a reference standard by the Office of Financial Research (OFR), an arm of the US Treasury.

Decentralized finance
Decentralized finance (often stylized as DeFi) provides financial instruments and services through smart contracts on a programmable, permissionless blockchain. This approach reduces the need for intermediaries such as brokerages, exchanges, or banks. DeFi platforms enable users to lend or borrow funds, speculate on asset price movements using derivatives, trade cryptocurrencies, insure against risks, and earn interest in savings-like accounts. The DeFi ecosystem is built on a layered architecture and highly composable building blocks. While some applications offer high interest rates, they carry high risks. Coding errors and hacks are a common challenge in DeFi. DeFi protocols exhibit varying degrees of decentralization, with truly decentralized protocols potentially acting as neutral infrastructure, while false decentralization leaves protocols open to manipulation and fraud or to being regulated as financial intermediaries.
H.N.I.C. Pt. 2
H.N.I.C. Pt. 2 is the third solo studio album by American rapper Prodigy. It was released on April 22, 2008 via Infamous Records, AAO, and Voxonic. Production was handled by the Alchemist, Sid Roams, Apex and Havoc. It features guest appearances from Big Twins, Un Pacino, Big Noyd, and Havoc. In the United States, the album peaked at number 36 on the Billboard 200, number 3 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, number 2 on the Top Rap Albums and number 4 on the Independent Albums charts. The album serves as a sequel to his 2000 album H.N.I.C. and a prequel to 2012's H.N.I.C. 3.

H.N.I.C. 3
H.N.I.C. 3 is the fourth solo studio album by American hip hop recording artist Prodigy. It was released on July 3, 2012, via Infamous Records, serving as the third and final instalment of the rapper's H.N.I.C. series. Recording sessions took place at Plain Truth Ent Studio. Production was handled by The Alchemist, Beat Butcha, S.C., Ty Fyffe, Young L, Sid Roams, The Colombians, T.I., Valentino, and Zam, with Oh No and Mobetta producing the deluxe edition bonus tracks. It features guest appearances from Esther, Boogz Boogetz, T.I., Vaughn Anthony, Willie Taylor, Wiz Khalifa, and his Mobb Deep cohort Havoc.

The album peaked at number 123 on the Billboard 200, number 16 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums, number 15 on the Top Rap Albums and number 17 on the Independent Albums in the United States.
Thapelo Maseko
Thapelo Maseko (born 11 November 2003) is a South African professional soccer player who plays as a forward for Cypriot First Division side AEL Limassol on loan from Mamelodi Sundowns and the South Africa national team.

AEL Limassol
Athlitiki Enosi Lemesou (Greek: Αθλητική Ένωση Λεμεσού, lit. 'Athletic Union of Limassol') is a Cypriot sports club based in the city of Limassol, best known for its football team.

AEL Limassol also maintains a men's and women's basketball teams, a women's volleyball team and a (newly established in 1976) Futsal team, a women's handball team as well as a cricket team.

The sponsor of the club is Meridian Sport.
Tim Peters (political scientist)
Tim Peters (born 1973) is a German political scientist, lawyer and politician of the Christian Democratic Union of Germany (CDU). A resident of Belgium, he is an official of the Secretariat of the European Parliament. As a political scientist, he is known as a student of Eckhard Jesse in the tradition of German extremism research, and has published works on the political tradition of the former Party of Democratic Socialism. He was one of the leading figures within the Junge Union during the early 2000s and is currently chairman of the Brussels branch of the CDU, the party's only branch outside Germany. He ran unsuccessfully as a CDU candidate for the Bundestag in the 2005 German federal election.

Young Union
The Young Union of Germany (German: Junge Union Deutschlands), or simply JU, is the joint youth organisation of the CDU/CSU coalition in Germany. Membership is limited to individuals between 14 and 35 years of age.

The Junge Union claims to be the largest political youth organization in Germany and Europe with about 100,000 members.