hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Assize of Bread and Ale
The Assize of Bread and Ale (Latin: Assisa panis et cervisiae) (Stat. Temp. Incert) was a 13th-century law in high medieval England, which regulated the price, weight and quality of the bread and beer manufactured and sold in towns, villages and hamlets. It was the first law in British history to regulate the production and sale of food. At the local level, this resulted in regulatory licensing systems, with arbitrary recurring fees, and fines and punishments for lawbreakers (see amercement). In rural areas, the statute was enforced by manorial lords, who held tri-weekly court sessions.

The law was amended by the Bread Bread Acts of 1822 and 1836, which stipulated that loaves should be sold by the pound, or multiple thereof, and finally repealed by the Statute Law Revision Act 1863 (26 & 27 Vict. c. 125).

Statute Law Revision Act 1863
The Statute Law Revision Act 1863 (26 & 27 Vict. c. 125) is an act of the Parliament of the United Kingdom that repealed for England and Wales enactments from 1235 to 1685 which had ceased to be in force or had become unnecessary. The act was intended, in particular, to facilitate the preparation of a revised edition of the statutes.

The act was largely mirrored by the Statute Law Revision (Ireland) Act 1872 (35 & 36 Vict. c. 98), which repealed for Ireland  statutes from the Magna Carta until 1495 that were extended to Ireland by the passage of Poynings' Act 1495 (10 Hen. 7. c. 22 (I)).
2025 Africa floods
Throughout 2025, floods affected most of Africa, killing hundreds of people.

In South Africa, most severe flood occurred in June 2025 when a powerful cold front brought torrential rain, heavy winds, and snow to the Eastern Cape province, leading to widespread flooding.  At least 103 people died, and thousands were left homeless. The floods damaged over 127 schools and 20 healthcare facilities, and submerged homes, vehicles, and infrastructure in areas like Mthatha.

Mthatha
Mthatha (/əmˈtɑːtɑː/ əm-TAH-tah, Xhosa: [ḿ̩ˈtʰâːtʰà] ⓘ), alternatively rendered Umtata, is the main city of the King Sabata Dalindyebo Local Municipality in Eastern Cape province of South Africa and the capital of OR Tambo District Municipality. The city has an airport, previously known as the K. D. Matanzima Airport after former leader Kaiser Matanzima. Mthatha derives its name from the nearby Mthatha River which was named after the sneezewood (umtati) trees, famous for their wood and medicinal properties.
Liberal Forum
The Liberal Forum (German: Liberales Forum, LiF) was a centrist, liberal political party in Austria. The party was active from February 1993 to January 2014, when the party merged into NEOS – The New Austria.

A member of the Liberal International and the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party, it was founded as a classical liberal split from the FPÖ due to its right-wing populist stances and was placed on the libertarian/post-materialist on a two-axis political spectrum, alongside The Greens – The Green Alternative, in a 2000 comparative analysis among Austrian political parties.

Liberal International
Liberal International (LI) is a worldwide organisation of liberal political parties. The political international was formed in November 1946, and constituted with the Oxford Manifesto in April 1947. It has become the pre-eminent network for liberal and progressive democratic parties aiming to strengthen liberalism and democratic values around the world. Its headquarters are within the National Liberal Club, in London. The Oxford Manifesto describes the basic political principles of the Liberal International, which is currently made up of 111 parties and organisations.
Molly Izzard
Molly Izzard (née Crutchleigh-Fitzpatrick; 1 August 1919 – 4 February 2004) was an English writer. She was the co-author of the book Smelling The Breezes, published in 1959, about a camping trek she and her family took in the High Lebanon mountains. Izzard subsequently wrote A Private Life in 1963 on her private life at work. In 1969, she authored A Life of Dame Helen Gwynne Vaughan and The Gulf: Arabian Western Approaches on Middle Eastern events ten years later. Izzard's final work was a controversial biography of the explorer Freya Stark, published in 1993.

Freya Stark
Dame Freya Madeline Stark DBE (31 January 1893 – 9 May 1993) was a British-Italian explorer and travel writer. She wrote more than two dozen books on her travels in the Middle East and Afghanistan as well as several autobiographical works and essays. She was one of the first non-Arabs known to travel through the southern Arabian Desert in modern times.
Mollie Lambert (actress)
Mollie Lambert is a British actress. After being involved in her father's drama company as a child, she trained as an adult at the Fourth Monkey Actor Training Company. After doing further training, Lambert performed in the stage productions of Russian Dolls (2016), Inside Pussy Riot (2017) and The White Devil (2017). She also filmed commercials and was a main cast member in web programme Dixi, as well as guest starring in Doctors and Casualty. Between 2018 and 2019, Lambert played the regular role of Harley Frater on the British soap opera Hollyoaks. After leaving the soap, Lambert guest starred in Urban Myths and performed in the plays A Thousand Splendid Suns (2019) and Peter Pan (2019–20). She has also co-founded the London theatre company Shrink Theatre.

The White Devil
The White Devil is a tragedy by English playwright John Webster. According to Webster's own preface to the 1612 Quarto Edition, the play's first performance in that year was a notorious failure; he complained that the play was acted in the dead of winter before an unreceptive audience. The play's complexity, sophistication, and satire made it a poor fit with the repertory of Queen Anne's Men at the Red Bull Theatre, where it was first performed. It was successfully revived in 1630 by Queen Henrietta's Men at the Cockpit Theatre and published again in 1631.
Ozark State Zephyr
The Ozark State Zephyr was a streamlined passenger train operated by the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (CB&Q) and the Alton Railroad (the "Alton") between St. Louis and Kansas City in Missouri, home of the Ozarks. It operated from 1936 to 1939. The Zephyr was one of several short-haul Midwestern routes operated by the CB&Q's then-revolutionary articulated streamlined trainsets, including one of the original Twin Cities Zephyrs.

Twin Zephyr
The Twin Zephyrs, also known as the Twin Cities Zephyrs, were a pair of streamlined passenger trains on the Chicago, Burlington and Quincy Railroad (CB&Q), running between Chicago and the Twin Cities of Minneapolis and Saint Paul in Minnesota. It was the second Zephyr service introduced by CB&Q after the record-setting Denver–Chicago "dawn to dusk dash" of the Pioneer Zephyr trainset.

The train competed with the Chicago and North Western's Twin Cities 400 which ceased operation in 1963, and the Milwaukee Road's Twin Cities Hiawatha, which, like the Zephyr, ended with the coming of Amtrak in 1971. The CB&Q trains went west from Chicago to the Mississippi River and along that river to Saint Paul, while the North Western and Milwaukee Road trains traveled via Milwaukee.
Ascot Park (speedway)
Ascot Park, first named Los Angeles Speedway and later New Ascot Stadium, was a dirt racetrack located near Gardena, California. Ascot Park was open between 1957 and 1990. The track held numerous United States Auto Club (USAC) national tour races and three NASCAR Grand National (now NASCAR Cup Series) races. The Turkey Night Grand Prix was held at the track for several decades.

United States Auto Club
The United States Auto Club (USAC) is one of the sanctioning bodies of auto racing in the United States. From 1956 to 1979, USAC sanctioned the United States National Championship, and from 1956 to 1997 the organization sanctioned the Indianapolis 500. USAC serves as the sanctioning body for a number of racing series, including the Silver Crown Series, National Sprint Cars, National Midgets, Speed2 Midget Series, .25 Midget Series, Stadium Super Trucks, and GT World Challenge America. Seven-time USAC champion Levi Jones is USAC's Competition Director.
Konrad Schragmüller
Johann Konrad Schragmüller (11 March 1895 – 2 July 1934) was a German military officer and estate administrator who joined the Nazi Party and became an SA-Gruppenführer in the paramilitary Sturmabteilung (SA). He was the commander of SA-Gruppe Mitte, headquartered in Magdeburg, and was also the city's police chief and a deputy of the Reichstag. He was among those murdered in the Night of the Long Knives when Adolf Hitler launched a purge of the SA leadership.

Gruppenführer
Gruppenführer ([ˈɡʁʊpm̩fyːʁɐ], lit. 'Group leader') was an early paramilitary rank of the Nazi Party (NSDAP), first created in 1925 as a senior rank of the SA. Since then, the term Gruppenführer is also used for leaders of groups/teams of the police, fire departments, military and several other organizations.
Hannover C.IV
The Hannover C.IV was a prototype high-altitude reconnaissance aircraft built by the Hannoversche Waggonfabrik during the First World War for the Imperial German Army's (Deutsches Heer) Imperial German Air Service (Luftstreitkräfte). Completed in 1918 it was approved for service in March, but was not awarded a production contract as it offered no improvement over Rumpler C.VII (Rubild) already in service.

Rumpler C.VII
The Rumpler C.VII was a military reconnaissance aircraft built in Germany during World War I. It was developed from the C.IV and optimised for high-altitude missions that would allow it to operate at heights that would render it immune to interception by enemy fighters. Work on the C.VII took place after a similar attempt to develop the C.III into a high-altitude machine as the C.V failed.
Twelve Hours of Happiness
Twelve Hours of Happiness (French: Douze heures de bonheur) is a 1952 French romantic comedy drama film directed by Gilles Grangier and starring Dany Robin,  Georges Marchal and Jean Tissier. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert Clavel. It is also known by the alternative title Jupiter.

Dany Robin
Dany Robin (French pronunciation: [dani ʁɔbɛ̃]; 14 April 1927 – 25 May 1995) was a French actress of the 1950s and the 1960s. Nicknamed ‘la petite fiancée de la France’ (France's little fiancée) in the post-war years, she became one of the leading female stars of the 1950s, moving from the role of ‘ingénue’ to that of saucy Parisienne. She played the leading lady in Topaz (1969), and is regarded as the last ‘Hitchcock blonde’.
2024–25 FK Željezničar season
The 2024–25 season was Željezničar's 104th in existence and their 25th season in the Bosnian Premier League. Besides competing in the domestic league, the team also competed in the National Cup.

The club finished the season in 4th place, qualifying for the 2025–26 UEFA Conference League first qualifying round. Željezničar got knocked out from the cup in the semi-finals.

2024–25 Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup
The 2024–25 Bosnia and Herzegovina Football Cup was the 29th edition of Bosnia and Herzegovina's annual football cup, and the twenty fourth season of the unified competition. The winners of the cup qualified for the 2025–26 UEFA Conference League second qualifying round.

Zrinjski Mostar were the defending champions. Sarajevo won the cup after beating Široki Brijeg in the final.
2025 St. Louis mayoral election
The 2025 St. Louis mayoral election was held on April 8, 2025, to elect the mayor of St. Louis, Missouri. The non-partisan election used approval voting, with the top-two candidates in the March 4 primary advancing to the April general election. In a rematch of the 2021 election, first-term incumbent mayor Tishaura Jones was defeated by alderwoman Cara Spencer by a wide margin.

Approval voting
Approval voting is a single-winner rated voting system where voters can approve of as many candidates as they like instead of choosing one. The method is designed to eliminate vote-splitting while keeping election administration simple and easy-to-count (requiring only a single score for each candidate). Approval voting has been used in both organizational and political elections to improve representativeness and voter satisfaction.

Critics of approval voting have argued the simple ballot format is a disadvantage, as it forces a binary choice for each candidate (instead of the expressive grades of other rated voting rules).
Château Suau (Capian)
Château Suau is a  French vineyard located south of  the village of Capian in  the  Bordeaux area. It sits at the highest point of the Cadillac-côtes-de-Bordeaux appellation. Château Suau produces organic wines.

Organic wine
Organic wine is wine made from grapes grown in accordance with the principles of organic farming, which exclude the use of artificial chemical fertilizers, pesticides, fungicides, and herbicides. The legal definition of organic wine varies from country to country, with the European Union setting harmonised rules for all its member countries.
Peng Xiaolian
Peng Xiaolian (Chinese: 彭小莲; 26 June 1953 – 19 June 2019) was a Chinese film director, scriptwriter and author. A graduate of the 1982 class of the Beijing Film Academy, she was a member of the Fifth Generation, although her style differed from the other members of this group. She is known for her series of films about Shanghai, including Once Upon a Time in Shanghai (1998), which won the Best Picture Award of the Huabiao Awards; Shanghai Story (2004), which won four Golden Rooster Awards including Best Director and Best Picture; and Shanghai Rumba (2006), based on the romance of the movie star couple Zhao Dan and Huang Zongying.

Huabiao Awards
China Huabiao Film Awards (Chinese: 中国电影华表奖; pinyin: Zhōngguó Diànyǐng Huábiǎo Jiǎng; also simply known as Huabiao Awards) is the highest honor bestowed by the Chinese government for artistic and technical merit in film. It is held once every two years in Beijing.

Named after the decorative Chinese winged columns (huabiaos), The Huabiao Awards were first instituted in 1957 as the Ministry of Culture Excellence Film awards. Between 1958 and 1979, no awards were given. In 1994, the awards were renamed "Huabiao." Along with the Golden Rooster Awards and Hundred Flowers Awards, these are known as China's three main film awards.

Unlike other award ceremonies, Huabiao Awards for individual categories are often given to multiple nominees.
Allen Gellman
Allen B. Gellman (April 19, 1906 – September 13, 1967) was an American jewelry manufacturer and first sponsor of You Bet Your Life, the radio (and later TV) program hosted by Groucho Marx. Gellman was elected to the Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans in 1956.

Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans
The Horatio Alger Association of Distinguished Americans is a nonprofit organization based in Alexandria, Virginia. It was founded in 1947 to promote and ensure the American Dream for future generations, honor the achievements of outstanding Americans who have succeeded in spite of adversity, and to emphasize the importance of higher education. The association is named after Horatio Alger, a 19th-century author of hundreds of dime novels in the "rags-to-riches" genre who extolled the importance of perseverance and hard work.

The association gives the annual Horatio Alger Award to exemplars of its ideals. It also grants scholarships and describes itself as the largest provider of need-based scholarships in the United States. All scholarships are funded by the members of the Horatio Alger Association. As of 2024, the association had given "more than $265 million in college scholarships to roughly 37,000 students".
Texas Park Road 1
Park Road 1 (PR 1) is a Park Road located in Bastrop and Buescher state parks, in the central region of the U.S. state of Texas. The highway is approximately 33.6 miles (54.1 km) long, and passes through mainly rural park land. PR 1 also includes most main roads in the two parks. Because of this, the highway has been divided into five different routes; they are PR 1A, 1B, 1C, 1D, and 1E. PR 1C makes up most of the route, while three of the segments are less than a mile long. The route was first drafted by the Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC) in 1933, as a scenic drive between the two parks. It was designated in 1937 as one of the state's originally designated Park Roads and has been extended and altered multiple times since.

Texas State Highway 21
State Highway 21 (SH 21)  runs from the Texas-Louisiana boundary east of San Augustine to San Marcos in east and central Texas.  SH 21 mostly follows the alignment of the Old San Antonio Road and the El Camino Real, except for the portion between Midway and Bryan, where the Old San Antonio Road took a more northerly route, and SH 21 follows a more direct route.  That section of the Old San Antonio Road is served by Texas State Highway OSR.
Mikihiko Renjō
Mikihiko Renjō (連城 三紀彦, Renjō Mikihiko, real name: Jingo Katō; January 11, 1948 – October 19, 2013) was a Japanese writer, winner of the Naoki Prize. He was also an ordained priest within the Ōtani-ha branch of Jōdo Shinshū Buddhism.

Naoki Prize
The Naoki Prize, officially Naoki Sanjugo Prize (直木三十五賞, Naoki Sanjūgo Shō), is a Japanese literary award presented biannually. It was created in 1935 by Kikuchi Kan, then editor of the Bungeishunjū magazine, and named in memory of novelist Naoki Sanjugo. Sponsored by the Society for the Promotion of Japanese Literature, the award recognizes "the best work of popular literature in any format by a new, rising, or (reasonably young) established author." The winner receives a watch and one million yen.

Kikuchi founded the Naoki Prize with the Akutagawa Prize, which targets a new or rising author of literary fiction. The two prizes are viewed as "two sides of the same coin" and inseparable from one another. Because of the prestige associated with the Naoki Prize and the considerable attention the winner receives from the media, it, along with the Akutagawa Prize, is one of Japan's most sought after literary awards of recognition.
Opus (Schiller album)
Opus is the eighth studio album of the music project Schiller created by the German electronic musician Christopher Von Deylen. The album was announced on July 1, 2013 (2013-07-01) and was released on August 30, 2013 (2013-08-30). On this album Schiller has collaborated with Russian operatic soprano Anna Netrebko, French pianist Hélène Grimaud and German classical oboist Albrecht Mayer. Opus is the first release of the new label "Panorama" by Deutsche Grammophon. The album reached in its first week number 1 of the German albums chart and number 6 in Switzerland and number 10 in Austria. These are the highest entries of Schiller in Austria and Switzerland and the fourth number-1-album of Schiller in Germany. Schiller has received a Gold award in Germany in December 2013 for 100.000 sold albums of Opus. In 2014 a reedition of the album was released: Opus - White Album.

Albrecht Mayer
Albrecht Mayer (born 3 June 1965) is a German classical oboist and conductor. The principal oboist of the Berlin Philharmonic, he is internationally known as a soloist and chamber musician and has made many recordings.
Steven Staryk
Steven Sam Staryk, OC (born 27 April 1932) is a Canadian violin virtuoso. He had a distinguished solo career and was concertmaster of several major orchestras, the Royal Philharmonic Orchestra, the Amsterdam Concertgebouw Orchestra, the Concertgebouw Chamber Orchestra, the Chicago Symphony Orchestra, and the Toronto Symphony Orchestra. Staryk was offered the concertmaster position with the Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra under Karajan but chose to pursue solo work at that time. He appeared frequently as soloist in violin concertos with these orchestras. Staryk also had an extensive and awarded teaching career.

Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra
The Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra (Dutch: Koninklĳk Concertgebouworkest, pronounced [ˌkoːnɪŋklə kɔnˈsɛrtxəbʌu.ɔrˌkɛst]) is a Dutch symphony orchestra, established in 1888 at the Amsterdam Royal Concertgebouw (concert hall). It is considered one of the world's leading orchestras. It was known as the Concertgebouw Orchestra until Queen Beatrix conferred the "Royal" prefix upon it in celebration of its centenary in 1988; the prefix was also granted to the concert hall in 2013.
Classic (2016 film)
Classic is a 2016 Nepali romantic film directed by Dinesh Raut and produced by Subash Giri. The film features Aaryan Sigdel and Namrata Shrestha in lead roles. The movie is made under collaboration of Subash Entertainment and Aaryan Sigdel Entertainment. The movie features a love story of visually impaired leads.  At the 8th Dcine Awards, the movie won for best film.

Aaryan Sigdell
Harish Sigdel (born 5 August 1981), better known as Aaryan Sigdell (Nepali: आर्यन सिग्देल, Listenⓘ), is a Nepalese film actor known for his work in Nepali Cinema. He is known for his wide range of roles.

Aaryan Sigdel debuted in Kismat in 2007 and then played the lead role in the romantic-drama Mero Euta Saathi Chha as a young royal spoilt brat. The film was inspired by the Korean hit A Millionaire's First Love. His portrayal of Jay Shamsher Junga Bahadur Rana was highly appreciated and generated a fan base for him, and he has seen ups and downs in his career.
Porgy and Bess (Sammy Davis Jr. and Carmen McRae album)
Porgy and Bess is a 1959 album by Sammy Davis Jr. of selections from George Gershwin's opera Porgy and Bess co-starring Carmen McRae. Davis is accompanied by orchestras conducted by Buddy Bregman and Morty Stevens, sometimes supported by the Bill Thompson singers. McRae is featured on three of the ten songs, "Summertime", "My Man's Gone Now" and the only duet, "I Loves You, Porgy", all three backed by an orchestra directed by Jack Pleis.
"The record is piled to the sky with strings, harps, choruses, and pillowy orchestration," writes Tim Sendra on AllMusic, but "credit[s] Sammy and Carmen for holding up their end of the deal."

My Man's Gone Now
"My Man's Gone Now" is an aria composed by George Gershwin, with lyrics by DuBose Heyward, written for the opera Porgy and Bess (1935).

Sung in the original production by Ruby Elzy, it has been covered by many singers, notably Ella Fitzgerald (on the 1958 Porgy and Bess album), Leontyne Price, Audra McDonald (who would later sing the part of Bess), Nina Simone, Sarah Vaughan, and Shirley Horn, among others.
Osamede
Osamede is a 2025 Nigerian epic historical drama film, produced by Lilian Olubi and directed by James Omokwe, who is known for the television series Ajoche and Riona. It stars Ivie Okujaye Egboh, Lexan Aisosa Peters, William Benson, Tosin Adeyemi, Lancelot Oduwa Imasuen, and Alexander Bud. The film is set during the 1897 invasion of the Benin Kingdom by the British Empire and was adapted from the musical play Osamede: for Kingdom and Country.

Ivie Okujaye
Ivie Okujaye Egboh (born 16 May 1987) is a Nigerian actress, film producer, scriptwriter, dancer, singer and activist. In 2009, she won the Amstel Malta Box Office (AMBO) reality TV show. She has been nicknamed "Little Genevieve" for her resemblance to actress Genevieve Nnaji. She won the Best Young Actor at the 8th Africa Movie Academy Awards.
Brian Howard (English footballer)
Brian Richard William Brotherton Howard (born 23 January 1983) is an English footballer who last played as a midfielder for Whitehawk. He made more than 300 appearances in the Football League, and also played for Bulgarian club CSKA Sofia. Internationally, he represented England from under-16 to under-20 level.

England national under-16 football team
England national under-16 football team, also known as England under-16s or England U16(s), represents England in association football at an under-16 age level and is controlled by the Football Association, the governing body for football in England.