hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Scott Cappos
Scott Cappos (born 13 April 1969) is a retired Canadian shot putter.

Born in Canada, his family migrated to the US and he became a naturalized US citizen. After graduating from Oak Lawn Community High School he competed collegiately for Indiana University Bloomington (Hoosiers), won the Big Ten Conference in 1990 and 1991 and was a three-time All-American.

He won the silver medal at the 1994 Jeux de la Francophonie, finished fifth at the 1994 Commonwealth Games and fifth at the 1995 Pan American Games. He became Canadian champion in 1992, 1993, 1994 and 1995, in between Peter Dajia and Brad Snyder.

Cappos coached the Iowa Hawkeyes for eighteen years before joining the Nebraska Cornhuskers as assistant throwing coach.

Bradley Snyder (shot putter)
Bradley "Brad" Snyder (born January 8, 1976) is a Canadian retired shot putter, whose personal best throw is 20.87 metres, achieved in June 2004 in Atlanta.

Born in Windsor, Ontario, Snyder earned a full-ride scholarship at the University of South Carolina from 1995 to 1999 and was a dominant force in collegiate athletics. Snyder never lost a Southeastern Conference championship. He was the school's first athlete to win eight SEC titles and was an all-American in seven-of-eight seasons (indoor and outdoor).  In 1998, he won all 19 meets and was the SEC track and field athlete of the year and was later inducted into the school's sports hall of fame. He competed in three Olympics and retired after the 2004 season.
Derivation of the conjugate gradient method
In numerical linear algebra, the conjugate gradient method is an iterative method for numerically solving the linear system

where  is symmetric positive-definite, without computing  explicitly. The conjugate gradient method can be derived from several different perspectives, including specialization of the conjugate direction method for optimization, and variation of the Arnoldi/Lanczos iteration for eigenvalue problems.

The intent of this article is to document the important steps in these derivations.

Conjugate gradient method
In mathematics, the conjugate gradient method is an algorithm for the numerical solution of particular systems of linear equations, namely those whose matrix is positive-semidefinite. The conjugate gradient method is often implemented as an iterative algorithm, applicable to sparse systems that are too large to be handled by a direct implementation or other direct methods such as the Cholesky decomposition. Large sparse systems often arise when numerically solving partial differential equations or optimization problems.

The conjugate gradient method can also be used to solve unconstrained optimization problems such as energy minimization. It is commonly attributed to Magnus Hestenes and Eduard Stiefel, who programmed it on the Z4, and extensively researched it.

The biconjugate gradient method provides a generalization to non-symmetric matrices. Various nonlinear conjugate gradient methods seek minima of nonlinear optimization problems.
Strange Stories (film)
Strange Stories is a 1953 British drama film directed by Don Chaffey and John Guillermin and starring Peter Bull, Naomi Chance and Valentine Dyall.

It comprises two separate stories, "The Strange Mr. Bartleby", based on Herman Melville's Bartleby, the Scrivener, and "The Strange Journey", based on The Saloon Passenger by E.W. Hornung. The stories were sometimes shown individually on television.

Valentine Dyall
Valentine Dyall (7 May 1908 – 24 June 1985) was an English character actor. Noted for his harsh and deep voice, he worked regularly as a voice actor, and was known for many years as "The Man in Black", the narrator of the BBC Radio horror series Appointment with Fear; reprising the role in the 1950 Hammer film The Man in Black.

He is further remembered by science fiction fans for playing Gargravarr in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, and playing the Black Guardian in Doctor Who. He was also a regular in the BBC's WWII drama Secret Army.

He was the son of the actor Franklin Dyall and the actress and author Mary Phyllis Joan Logan, who acted and wrote as Concordia Merrel.
Kalakalappu 2
Kalakalappu 2 is a 2018 Indian Tamil-language comedy film directed and co-written by Sundar C and produced by his wife Khushbu. It is a spiritual successor to Sundar's 2012 film Kalakalappu. The film stars Jiiva, Jai, Shiva, Nikki Galrani and Catherine Tresa.

Though it had been discussed since 2012, production only began in October 2017 and ended that December, with shooting taking place at locations in Varanasi, Karaikudi, Pune and Hyderabad. It was released on 9 February 2018.

Jai (actor)
Jaikanth (6 April 1986), known as Jai, is an Indian actor and musician working in Tamil films. The nephew of noted composer Deva and the cousin of music director Srikanth Deva, Jai had made his acting debut in a supporting role in Bagavathi (2002). In 2007, he successfully auditioned for a leading role in Venkat Prabhu's sports film Chennai 600028. His movie Subramaniapuram (2008) was also a big success, and established Jai as a lead actor in Tamil Cinema.

Jai subsequently garnered more praise for diverse roles, including a villager on holiday in Goa (2010), a timid factory worker in Engaeyum Eppothum (2011) and a customer care executive in the romantic drama Raja Rani (2013), which became commercially his most successful film. He made his debut as a singer in the film Jarugandi (2018).
David Baxby
David Baxby is an Australian business executive and investor.

After an early career in investment banking, he joined the Virgin Group in 2004 and served as co‑chief executive from 2011 to 2014, focusing on the group's aviation and branded investment activities.

He later headed the Swiss tax‑free shopping company Global Blue from 2014 to 2015, led the industrials division of Wesfarmers from 2017 to 2020 and co‑founded private‑equity firm Coogee Capital in 2021.

Baxby became chancellor of Bond University in 2024, the first alumnus to hold the role.

Bond University
Bond University is Australia's first private not-for-profit university and is located in Robina on the Gold Coast, Queensland. Since its opening on 15 May 1989, Bond University has primarily been a teaching-focused higher education institution featuring a trimester timetable.

Bond comprises four main university schools and academic faculties, through which it offers a range of accelerated undergraduate and postgraduate degrees and programs, diplomas, and non-award programs.
Jacek Leociak
Jacek Leociak (born 2 June 1957, in Warsaw) is a Polish literary scholar and historian as well as author. He is a professor of humanities and an employee of the Institute of Literary Research at the Polish Academy of Sciences and the Polish Center for Holocaust Research in Warsaw.

Polish Center for Holocaust Research
The Polish Centre for Holocaust Research (Polish: Centrum Badań nad Zagładą Żydów) is an academic and research center at the Polish Academy of Sciences in Warsaw, Poland. The center's director is Barbara Engelking.
County of Schwerin
The County of Schwerin (German: Grafschaft Schwerin) was a county in the Mecklenburg region of the Holy Roman Empire that was created in 1161 following a conquest of the territory by Henry the Lion. The county would retain its independence until 1368 when it was sold to the lords of Mecklenburg who (re-)united it into the Duchy of Mecklenburg in 1471.

Duchy of Mecklenburg
The Duchy of Mecklenburg was a duchy within the Holy Roman Empire, located in the region of Mecklenburg. It existed during the Late Middle Ages and the early modern period, from 1471 to 1520, as well as 1695 to 1701. Its capital was Schwerin.

The state was formed in 1471, when duke Henry IV, had united the duchies of Mecklenburg-Stargard and Mecklenburg-Schwerin. The state existed until 7 May 1520, when it was partitioned into the duchies of Mecklenburg-Güstrow and Mecklenburg-Schwerin. It was again reestablished in 1695, with the unification of Mecklenburg-Güstrow and Mecklenburg-Schwerin. Frederick William became the duke. In 1701, it was partitioned into the duchies of Mecklenburg-Schwerin and Mecklenburg-Strelitz.
Psych season 3
The third season of Psych originally aired in the United States on USA Network from July 18, 2008 to February 20, 2009. It consisted of 16 episodes. James Roday, Dulé Hill, Timothy Omundson, Maggie Lawson, Corbin Bernsen, and Kirsten Nelson reprised their roles as the main characters. James Roday portrayed Shawn Spencer, a fake psychic detective who periodically consults for the Santa Barbara police department. A DVD of the season was released on July 21, 2009.

James Roday Rodriguez
James Roday Rodriguez (born James David Rodriguez; April 4, 1976) is an American actor, director, and screenwriter. He is best known for portraying Shawn Spencer, a hyper-observant consultant detective and fake psychic, in USA Network series Psych and the subsequent Psych film series. He also starred in A Million Little Things which debuted in 2018, playing Javier "Gary" Mendez.
Ashoka's policy of Dhamma
Dhamma (Pali: धम्म, romanized: dhamma; Sanskrit: धर्म, romanized: dharma) is a set of edicts that formed a policy of the 3rd Mauryan emperor Ashoka the Great, who succeeded to the Mauryan throne in modern-day India around 269 B.C.E. Ashoka is considered one of the greatest kings of ancient India for his policies of public welfare.

Major Rock Edicts
The Major Rock Edicts of Indian emperor Ashoka refer to 14 separate major Edicts of Ashoka which are significantly detailed and represent some of the earliest dated rock inscriptions of any Indian monarch. These edicts are preceded chronologically by the Minor Rock Edicts.
2014 Winter Olympics closing ceremony flag bearers
During the closing ceremony in Sochi, Russia most of the 88 nations competing selected one member of their delegation to be the flagbearer. Some countries for example, Morocco chose the same athlete (Adam Lamhamedi) as the opening ceremony. On the other hand, some countries such as Luxembourg had already left the Olympic village, and therefore a volunteer carried the flags for those countries.

2014 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations
2014 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations was part of the opening ceremony at the 2014 Winter Olympics. The national team from each nation participating in the Olympic Games was preceded by their national flag flag bearer into Fisht Olympic Stadium in the host city of Sochi, Russia. The flag bearer was an athlete of each national delegation chosen, to represent the athletes, either by the National Olympic Committee or by the national team.

The order of the parade was by Olympic tradition with Greece, originator of the modern games, entering first. The host nation, Russia, entered last. The nations entered in Russian alphabetic order. As each national team entered their name was announced by IOC guidelines in the official languages and customs: French, then English and Russian.
Griffin Bank Ltd
Griffin (legally Griffin Bank Ltd) is a British bank and financial technology company headquartered in London, England. It operates an API-driven banking as a service (BaaS) platform that provides regulated bank accounts, payments and compliance infrastructure for financial technology firms and other companies that embed financial services into their products.

Griffin was founded in 2017 by software engineers David Jarvis and Allen Rohner. The company obtained a UK banking licence "with restrictions" in March 2023 and a full banking licence in March 2024 from the Prudential Regulation Authority (PRA) and Financial Conduct Authority (FCA). As of 2024, Griffin has raised around US$52 million in venture funding and has been described as the United Kingdom's first full‑stack BaaS platform with a full banking licence. In June 2024 it became a certified B Corporation.

Banking as a service
Banking as a service (BaaS) is the provision of banking products (such as deposit accounts, loans and credit cards) to customers through non-bank or non-financial third party partnerships. The bank provides the balance sheet management, including capital, liquidity and credit risk management, while the partner company (typically a fintech) interacts directly with the customer via their proprietary app, often accessing the bank's systems and data via APIs.
Lynn Meskell
Lynn Meskell (born 1967) is an Australian archaeologist and anthropologist who currently works as a professor at the University of Pennsylvania.

She has worked as the 26th Penn Integrates Knowledge Program (PIK) Professor since her appointment in 2020, which is a program appointed to faculty with multidisciplinary research and teaching and who are working in at least two Penn Schools.

Meskell is also the Richard D. Green Professor of Anthropology in the School of Arts and Sciences, Graduate Professor of Historic Preservation in the Weitzman School of Design, and a curator for the Penn Museum's Middle East and Asia areas.

Since 2019 she has been an Andrew D. White Professor-at-Large at Cornell University; her term expires in 2026.

University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design
The University of Pennsylvania Stuart Weitzman School of Design is the design school of the University of Pennsylvania, a private Ivy League research university in Philadelphia. It offers degrees in architecture, landscape architecture, city and regional planning, historic preservation, and fine arts, as well as several dual degrees with other graduate schools at the University of Pennsylvania. Formerly known as PennDesign, it was renamed in 2019 after Stuart Weitzman donated an undisclosed sum.
Phanus (mythology)
In Greek mythology, Phanus (Ancient Greek: Φᾶνος means "light, bright, torch") was one of the Argonauts who sailed to Colchis in the quest of retrieving the Golden Fleece. He was the son of Dionysus and brother of Staphylus, another of the Argo crew. Their mother was likely Ariadne of Crete. Phanus' other brothers were Thoas, king of Lemnos and Oenopion, king of Chios.

Thoas (king of Lemnos)
In Greek mythology, Thoas (Ancient Greek: Θόας, "fleet, swift") was a son of the god Dionysus and Ariadne, the daughter of the Cretan king Minos. He was the king of Lemnos when the Lemnian women decided to kill all the men on the island. He was the only man to survive the massacre, having been saved by his daughter Hypsipyle. He is sometimes identified with the Thoas who was the king of the Taurians when Iphigenia was taken to the land of the Taurians and became a priestess of Artemis there.
2019 Sochi Formula 3 round
The 2019 Sochi FIA Formula 3 round was a motor racing event held on 28 and 29 September 2019 at the Sochi Autodrom, Sochi, Russia. It was the eighth and final race of the 2019 FIA Formula 3 Championship, and ran in support of the 2019 Russian Grand Prix. The title was clinched by Robert Shwartzman in the first race.

Robert Shwartzman
Robert Mikhailovich Shwartzman (Hebrew: רוברט מיכאילוביץ' שוורצמן; Russian: Ро́берт Миха́йлович Шва́рцман, pronounced [ˈrobʲɪrt mʲɪˈxajləvʲɪtɕ ˈʂvartsmən]; born 16 September 1999) is an Israeli and Russian racing driver who competes in the IndyCar Series, driving the No. 83 Chevrolet for Prema Racing.

Shwartzman previously competed in the FIA Formula 2 Championship in 2020 and 2021 where he finished 4th and 2nd respectively. He is a former member of the Ferrari Driver Academy, and is the 2018 Toyota Racing Series and 2019 FIA Formula 3 champion. He also served as a reserve driver for Ferrari in Formula One between 2021 and 2024.
Live at Vicar Street (Christy Moore album)
Live at Vicar Street is a live album released by Irish folk singer/songwriter Christy Moore in 2002.

The live album features Christy Moore, alongside other Irish musicians such as Declan Sinnott and Dónal Lunny, playing a live set at Dublin's Vicar Street venue.

Dónal Lunny
Dónal Lunny (born 10 March 1947) is an Irish folk musician and producer. He plays guitar and bouzouki, as well as keyboards and bodhrán. As a founding member of popular bands Planxty, The Bothy Band, Moving Hearts, Coolfin, Mozaik, LAPD, and Usher's Island, he has been at the forefront of the renaissance of Irish traditional music for over five decades. In 2025 he was the recipient of the RTÉ Radio 1 Folk Awards Lifetime Achievement Award.
Maksim Sedej
Maksim Sedej (26 May 1909 – 13 May 1974) was a Slovene painter, one of the key figures of the mid-20th-century art scene in Slovenia.

Sedej was born in Dobračeva on the northern outskirts of Žiri in 1909. He studied art at the Zagreb Academy of Fine Arts between 1928 and 1932. His work was exhibited amid the selection of Yugoslav art at the Venice Biennale in 1940 and 1954. He worked as a professor at the Ljubljana Academy of Fine Arts and Design.

He received the Prešeren Award in 1967 for an exhibition of his work shown at the Ljubljana Museum of Modern Art in 1966.

He won the Levstik Award for his book illustrations three times: in 1953 for his illustrations for a 1953 edition of One Thousand and One Nights, in 1954 for his illustrations for Bogomir Magajna's collection of stories Racko in Lija (Racko and Lija) and in 1956 for Potovanje v tisočera mesta (Travels to Myriad Towns) by Vitomil Zupan and the traditional Istrian tale Pastirček (The Little Shepherd Boy).

Vitomil Zupan
Vitomil Zupan (18 January 1914 – 14 May 1987) was a post-World War II modernist Slovene writer and Gonars concentration camp survivor. Because of his detailed descriptions of sex and violence, he was dubbed the Slovene Hemingway and was compared to Henry Miller. He is best known for Menuet za kitaro (A Minuet for Guitar, 1975), describing the years he spent with the Slovene Partisans. In Titoist Yugoslavia he was sentenced to 18 years in a show trial, and upon his release in 1955 his works could only be published under his pseudonym Langus. He is considered one of the most important Slovene writers.
St. Paul's Indian Residential School
St Paul’s Indian Residential School (also known as the Squamish Indian Residential School or St. Francis Indian Residential School) was a Canadian Indian residential school located in the City of North Vancouver, in the 500 block of West Keith Road on what is now the parking lot of the St. Thomas Aquinas Regional Secondary School. It was a Roman Catholic school operated from 1899 to 1958 by the Order of the Oblates of Mary Immaculate. The students of the school came from the adjacent Mission Reserve as well other Squamish, Tsleil-Waututh and Musqueam peoples.

Musqueam First Nation
The Musqueam Nation is a First Nation whose traditional territory encompasses the western half of what is now Greater Vancouver, in British Columbia, Canada. It is governed by a band council and is known officially as the Musqueam Indian Band under the Indian Act. "Musqueam" (/ˈmʌskwiəm/ ⓘ MUS-kwee-əm) is an anglicization of the Hunʼqumiʼnum name xʷməθkʷəy̓əm, which means "place of the river grass" or "place where the river grass grows" (məθkʷəy̓ being the Hunʼqumiʼnum name of the plant).
Peter Lewis (rugby league)
Peter Lewis (30 May 1979) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a centre in the 1990s, and 2000s. He played at representative level for New Zealand Māori and Cook Islands, and at club level for the Auckland Warriors, Penrith Panthers and the Parramatta Eels.

Cook Islands national rugby league team
The Cook Islands national rugby league team have represented the Cook Islands in international rugby league football since 1986. Administered by the Cook Islands Rugby League Association (CIRLA), the team has competed at three Rugby League World Cups, in 2000, 2013 and 2021.
Michael Glawogger
Michael Glawogger (3 December 1959 – 23 April 2014) was an Austrian film director, screenwriter and cinematographer, born in Graz.

From 1981 to 1982, Glawogger studied at the San Francisco Art Institute, and from 1983 to 1989 at the Vienna Film Academy. Like fellow Austrian director Ulrich Seidl, with whom he collaborated several times, he was mainly known for his documentary films, such as Megacities (1998), Workingman's Death (2005) and Whores' Glory (2011). In 2008 he was a member of the jury at the 30th Moscow International Film Festival.

Ulrich Seidl
Ulrich Maria Seidl (born 24 November 1952) is an Austrian film director, writer and producer. Among other awards, his film Dog Days won the Grand Jury Prize at Venice in 2001.

His 2012 film Paradise: Love competed for the Palme d'Or at the 2012 Cannes Film Festival. The sequel Paradise: Faith won the Special Jury Prize at the 69th Venice International Film Festival. The final part of the trilogy, Paradise: Hope, premiered in competition at the 63rd Berlin International Film Festival.
Lost at the Front
Lost at the Front is a 1927 American silent comedy film directed by Del Lord and written by Hampton Del Ruth, Frank Griffin, and Ralph Spence. The film stars George Sidney, Charles Murray, Natalie Kingston, John Kolb, Max Asher, and Brooks Benedict. The film was released on May 29, 1927, by First National Pictures.

Brooks Benedict
Brooks Benedict (born Harold J. Mann, February 6, 1896 – January 1, 1968) was an American actor of the silent and sound film eras, when he played supporting and utility roles in over 300 films, mostly uncredited.
Acesander's cup
The Cup of Acesander (also Hakesandros or Hakesander) is a drinking cup from ancient Methone, a city in Macedonia (corresponding to modern Methoni, Pieria), that contains one of the earliest found inscriptions in the Greek alphabet. Dated from the first half of the eighth century BC (c. 750–720), the pot was made for use at symposia and was discovered during the archaeological excavations of 2003–04. The inscription, written in the Euboean alphabet, functions as an ownership tag and includes a short humorous curse in iambic verse that warns drinkers against stealing the cup. Along with similar inscriptions of the same period, the text is seen as an early indication of literacy and sympotic poetry in ancient Greece. The cup has been important for the study of the early Greek alphabet and epigraphy.

Iamb (poetry)
An iamb (/ˈaɪæm/ EYE-am) or iambus is a metrical foot used in various types of poetry. Originally the term referred to one of the feet of the quantitative meter of classical Greek prosody: a short syllable followed by a long syllable (as in καλή (kalḗ) "beautiful (f.)").  This terminology was adopted in the description of accentual-syllabic verse in English, where it refers to a foot comprising an unstressed syllable followed by a stressed syllable (as in abóve). Thus a Latin word like íbī, because of its short-long rhythm, is considered by Latin scholars to be an iamb, but because it has a stress on the first syllable, in modern linguistics it is considered to be a trochee.