hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Torsten Rapp
General Bo Torsten Rapp (20 April 1905 – 23 March 1993) was a senior Swedish Air Force officer. Rapp started as a naval officer in 1926 before transferring to the Swedish Air Force in 1928. Over the years, he steadily climbed the ranks, serving in various roles and completing training courses. Notable milestones include becoming a lieutenant colonel in 1944 and commanding the Blekinge Wing in 1944. He later assumed important positions such as Vice Chief of the Air Staff and Chief of the Air Force, contributing to significant reforms in Swedish defense, including improved inter-service coordination. Rapp eventually became the Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces in 1961, a position he held until 1970, overseeing substantial changes in military organization. After retiring from active duty, he continued his service in the Swedish Air Force reserve until 1981.

Chief of Defence (Sweden)
The Chief of Defence (Swedish: överbefälhavaren; acronym: ÖB), formerly referred to in English as the Supreme Commander of the Swedish Armed Forces, is the highest ranked professional military officer in the Swedish Armed Forces. The chief of defence is the agency head of the Swedish Armed Forces and formally reports to the Government of Sweden, though normally through the minister for defence. The primary responsibilities and duties of the chief of defence (and the charter for the Armed Forces) are prescribed in an ordinance issued by the Government.

The present Chief of Defence, General Michael Claesson, took office on 1 October 2024. His appointment marked the adoption of the title "chief of defence" in English-language usage, in line with NATO terminology.
Visual flight
Visual flight or visual attitude flying is the control of an aircraft via outside references (such as the sky or the runway in takeoff). For aircraft, the primary visual reference used is usually the relationship between the aircraft's "nose" or cowling against the natural horizon. Regulations for visual flights are under a separate set of visual flight rules.

The pilot can maintain or change the airspeed, altitude, and direction of flight (heading) as well as the rate of climb or rate of descent and rate of turn (bank angle) through the use of the aircraft flight controls and aircraft engine controls to adjust the "sight picture". Some reference to flight instruments is usually necessary to determine exact airspeed, altitude, heading, bank angle and rate of climb/descent.

Rate of climb
In aeronautics, the rate of climb (RoC) is an aircraft's vertical speed, that is the positive or negative rate of altitude change with respect to time. In most ICAO member countries, even in otherwise metric countries, this is usually expressed in feet per minute (ft/min); elsewhere, it is commonly expressed in metres per second (m/s). The RoC in an aircraft is indicated with a vertical speed indicator (VSI) or instantaneous vertical speed indicator (IVSI).

The temporal rate of decrease in altitude is referred to as the rate of descent (RoD) or sink rate. 
A negative rate of climb corresponds to a positive rate of descent: RoD = −RoC.
Billy Williams (cinematographer)
William Desmond Williams (3 June 1929 – 20 May 2025) was a British cinematographer.

Williams was responsible for shooting a number of films, including Women in Love (1969), On Golden Pond (1981) and Gandhi (1982), for which he won an Academy Award.

Women in Love (film)
Women in Love is a 1969 British romantic drama film directed by Ken Russell and starring Alan Bates, Oliver Reed, Glenda Jackson, and Jennie Linden. The film was adapted by Larry Kramer from D. H. Lawrence's 1920 novel Women in Love. It was the first film to be released by Brandywine Productions.

The plot follows the relationships between two sisters and two men in a mining town in post-World War I England. The two couples take markedly different directions. The film explores the nature of commitment and love.

The film was nominated for four Academy Awards, with Jackson winning the Academy Award for Best Actress for her role, and the film receiving other honours.
Shades of God
Shades of God is the third studio album by British gothic metal band Paradise Lost, released on 14 July 1992 through Music for Nations. It retains the heavy instrumentation and growled vocals characteristic of the band's previous death-doom efforts, and also shows the beginning of the band's transition to a more melodic, gothic metal sound heard on the follow-up album Icon.

Icon (Paradise Lost album)
Icon is the fourth studio album by British gothic metal band Paradise Lost, released on 28 September 1993 through Music for Nations. It is the band's final album to feature Matthew Archer on drums.

In February 2018, Icon was inducted into the Decibel Magazine Hall of Fame, becoming the second Paradise Lost album to be featured in the Decibel Hall of Fame (alongside Gothic), with the magazine naming it influential to the development of the gothic metal subgenre.
Li Jing (Southern Tang)
Li Jing (Chinese: 李璟, later changed to 李景; 916 – August 12, 961), originally Xu Jingtong (徐景通), briefly Xu Jing (徐璟) in 937–939, courtesy name Boyu (伯玉), also known by his temple name as the Emperor Yuanzong of Southern Tang (南唐元宗), also known in historiography as the Middle Lord of Southern Tang (南唐中主), was the second and penultimate monarch of China's Southern Tang dynasty during the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period. He reigned his state from 943 until his death.

During Li Jing's earlier reign, he expanded Southern Tang's borders by extinguishing smaller neighboring states: Min in 945 and Ma Chu in 951. However, the warfare also exhausted the wealth of the country, leaving it ill-prepared to resist the Later Zhou invasion in 956. Forced to cede all prefectures north of the Yangtze River, he also had to relinquish his title as an emperor and accept the Later Zhou's overlordship in 958, and later the Northern Song's overlordship after 960.

Min (Ten Kingdoms)
Min (Chinese: 閩; pinyin: Mǐn) was a dynastic state of China and one of the Ten Kingdoms in existence between the years of 909 and 945. It existed in a mountainous region of modern-day Fujian province of China and had a history of quasi-independent rule. Its capital was Fuzhou. It was founded by Wang Shenzhi (Emperor Taizu).
Blaston
Blaston is a village and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire. It is a small parish with a population of 54 according to the 2001 census. As the population had remained less than 100, details from the 2011 census are included in the civil parish of Horninghold. The village is near Nevill Holt, Medbourne and Hallaton. St Giles' Church in Blaston was rebuilt in 1878. Blaston was first mentioned in the Domesday Book and the name probably means the settlement of Bleath (an Anglo-Saxon).

Hallaton
Hallaton is a village and civil parish in the Harborough district of Leicestershire, England. According to the 2001 census the parish had a population of 523, which had increased to 594 at the 2011 census.
Penk River
The Penk River is a river of the Marlborough Region of New Zealand's South Island. It flows predominantly south from its origins on the slopes of Mount Horrible to reach the Awatere River 35 kilometres (22 mi) southwest of Seddon.

Awatere River
The Awatere River is a large river flowing through Marlborough, New Zealand. Flowing along the trace of the active Awatere Fault, it runs northeast through a straight valley to the west of the Inland Kaikōura mountains. This valley is parallel with that of the Waiau Toa / Clarence River, 20 kilometres (12 mi) to the south.

It flows for 110 kilometres (68 mi) from its source in the mountainous interior to reach Cook Strait close to the town of Seddon.

The New Zealand Ministry for Culture and Heritage gives a translation of "swift river" for Awatere in Māori.
David Berger (general)
David Hilberry Berger (born December 21, 1959) is a retired United States Marine Corps general who served as the 38th commandant of the Marine Corps from 2019 to 2023.

Berger was born in Delaware and raised in Maryland. He graduated from Tulane University and was commissioned into United States Marine Corps in 1981. He served during Operation Desert Storm in the 2nd Reconnaissance Battalion, and over the course of his career he was also deployed to Kosovo, Afghanistan, Haiti, and to Iraq again. After becoming a general officer, he commanded I Marine Expeditionary Force, Marine Corps Forces, Pacific and Fleet Marine Force, Pacific, and the Marine Corps Combat Development Command.

As Marine Commandant, he developed and began implementing Force Design 2030, a reform that is shifting the focus of the Marine Corps from the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq to preparing for the competition between the United States and China.

I Marine Expeditionary Force
The I Marine Expeditionary Force ("I" pronounced "One") is a Marine Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) of the United States Marine Corps primarily composed of the 1st Marine Division, 3rd Marine Aircraft Wing, and 1st Marine Logistics Group. It is based at Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton.

I Marine Expeditionary Force is the largest of the three MEFs in the Fleet Marine Force and is often referred to as the "Warfighting MEF" for its consistent involvement and contributions in major armed conflicts. It is presently commanded by Lieutenant General Michael Cederholm. The deputy commander is Brigadier General Michael R. Nakonieczny.
Strax affair
The Strax affair was a sequence of events at the University of New Brunswick (UNB) in Fredericton in 1968 and 1969. It began in September 1968 when the university president suspended Norman Strax, a young physics professor, after Strax led protests in the university library against the introduction of  photo ID cards. The suspension, and UNB's subsequent legal proceedings against Strax, led to the institution's being censured by the Canadian Association of University Teachers (CAUT). Other components of the affair were the lengthy occupation of Strax's former office by his supporters and the jailing of a student for an article that appeared in the student newspaper questioning the objectivity of the New Brunswick legal system. The formal lifting of the CAUT censure in September 1969 brought the Strax affair to an end.

Photo identification
Photo identification or photo ID is an identity document that includes a photograph of the holder, usually only their face. The most commonly accepted forms of photo ID are those issued by government authorities, such as driver's licenses, identity cards and passports, but special-purpose photo IDs may be also produced, such as internal security or access control cards.

Photo identification may be used for face-to-face authentication of identity of a party who either is personally unknown to the person in authority or because that person does not have access to a file, a directory, a registry or an information service that contains or that can render a photograph of somebody on account of that person's name and other personal information.
Atal Bihari Panda
Atal Bihari Panda (1928/9 – 5 June 2021) was an Indian actor, playwright and lyricist, known for his works in Sambalpuri odia Cinema. He was the recipient of numerous awards, including two back-to-back Odisha State Film Awards for best actor. His debut in films came at an age of 83 years. Before his debut as an actor in films, he had already written 60 plays. He also wrote lyrics in many Sambalpuri songs.

Odisha State Film Awards
The Odisha State Film Awards  have been conferred  by   the Department of Culture of the Government of Odisha, India.

The awards were initiated in 1968.  The awards are decided by independent juries formed by the Department of Culture. The jury usually consists of eminent personalities from the film fraternity, academic, journalist and public servants.
Peter of Juilly
Peter of Juilly (died 1136) was a Benedictine monk and renowned preacher.

Born in England, he joined Molesme Abbey, a Benedictine monastery at Molesme in Burgundy. There he became acquainted with Saint Stephen Harding.

He was later the confessor for the nuns of the Priory of Jully-les-Nonnains, under the then abbess Blessed Humbeline, sister of Saint Bernard of Clairvaux. He was known as an exceptional preacher and a miracle worker.

Stephen Harding
Stephen Harding (French: Étienne Harding) (c. 1060 – 28 March 1134) was an English-born monk and abbot, who was one of the founders of the Cistercian Order. He is honoured as a saint in the Roman Catholic Church.
Fi Morris
Fritha Mary Kie "Fi" Morris (born 31 January 1994) is an English cricketer who currently plays for Lancashire and Manchester Originals. An all-rounder, she is a right-arm off break bowler and right-handed batter. She has previously played for Oxfordshire, Gloucestershire, Berkshire, Hampshire, Southern Vipers, Western Storm, North West Thunder, Southern Brave and Welsh Fire.

Gloucestershire Women cricket team
The Gloucestershire Women's cricket team is the women's representative cricket team for the English historic county of Gloucestershire. They play their home games at various grounds across the county, and are captained by Liv Daniels. In 2019, they played in Division Three of the final season of the Women's County Championship, and in 2021 won the South West Group of the Women's Twenty20 Cup. The 2025 season is Gloucestershire’s first as a Tier 2 team in the restructured women’s domestic setup.  They are partnered with the regional side Western Storm.
Port of Akita
The Port of Akita (秋田港, Akita-kō), formerly known as Port of Tsuchizaki, is a seaport on the Sea of Japan coast of Akita Prefecture, to the west of the city center of Akita in the Tōhoku region of northern Honshū, Japan. It is classified as a Major Port (重要港湾, Jūyō-kōwan) by the Japanese government. The port has a total land area of 662.5 hectares (1,637 acres).

Akita Prefecture
Akita Prefecture (秋田県, Akita-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [aꜜ.kʲi̥.ta, a.kʲi̥.taꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Tōhoku region of Honshu. Its population is estimated 915,691 as of 1 August 2023 and its geographic area is 11,637 km2 (4,493 sq mi). Akita Prefecture is bordered by Aomori Prefecture to the north, Iwate Prefecture to the east, Miyagi Prefecture to the southeast, and Yamagata Prefecture to the south.

Akita is the capital and largest city of Akita Prefecture.  Other major cities include Yokote, Daisen, and Yurihonjō. Akita Prefecture is located on the coast of the Sea of Japan and extends east to the Ōu Mountains, the longest mountain range in Japan, at the border with Iwate Prefecture. Akita Prefecture formed the northern half of the historic Dewa Province with Yamagata Prefecture.
Tony David
Tony David (born 11 September 1967) is an Australian former professional darts player, who played under the nickname The Deadly Boomerang. He is the only Australian player to have been a senior singles world darts champion, having won the 2002 Embassy World Championship.

Andy Fordham
Andrew Fordham (2 February 1962 – 15 July 2021) was an English professional darts player who competed in British Darts Organisation (BDO) tournaments. Nicknamed the Viking, he won the 2004 BDO World Darts Championship and the 1999 World Masters.
Song Jian
Song Jian (Chinese: 宋健; Wade–Giles: Sung Chien; born 29 December 1931) is a Chinese aerospace engineer, demographer, and politician. He was deputy chief designer of China's submarine-launched ballistic missile (JL-1) and one of the country's leading scientists in the post-Cultural Revolution era.  After a decade of two-child restrictions in the 1970s, and following the Chinese government's announcement in 1979 to advocate for one child per family, he became a leading advocate for rapid implementation and broad coverage of China's one-child policy. He served in high-ranking political positions including Vice Minister of Aerospace Industry, Director of the State Science and Technology Commission (1985–1998), vice-premier-level State Councillor (1986–1998), President of the Chinese Academy of Engineering, Vice Chairperson of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference, and a member of the Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party.

Submarine-launched ballistic missile
A submarine-launched ballistic missile (SLBM) is a ballistic missile capable of being launched from submarines. Modern variants usually deliver multiple independently targetable reentry vehicles (MIRVs), each of which carries a nuclear warhead and allows a single launched missile to strike several targets. Submarine-launched ballistic missiles operate in a different way from submarine-launched cruise missiles.

Modern submarine-launched ballistic missiles are closely related to intercontinental ballistic missiles (ICBMs), with ranges of over 5,500 kilometres (3,000 nmi), and in many cases SLBMs and ICBMs may be part of the same family of weapons.
Fred Rutten
Fredericus Jacobus Rutten (Dutch pronunciation: [freːdəˈrikʏ ɕaːˈkoːbʏs frɛt ˈrʏtə(n)]; born 5 December 1962) is a Dutch football coach and former player, who is currently the manager of the Curaçao national team. As a player, he spent his entire career with Twente during the years 1979 to 1992. Following his playing career, Rutten also managed Twente, before moving on to clubs like Schalke 04, PSV Eindhoven, SBV Vitesse, Feyenoord, Al Shabab, Maccabi Haifa and more recently Anderlecht.

Al Shabab Al Arabi Club (Dubai)
Al Shabab Al Arabi Club (Arabic: نادي الشباب العربي دبي), or simply Al Shabab, was an Emirati professional football and basketball club based in Dubai, that competed in the UAE Pro League. The club was founded in 1958.

In 2017, the club merged with Dubai CSC to join Al Ahli Dubai, which was rebranded as Shabab Al Ahli Club.
Private Club Records
Private Club Records is an American independent record label based in Los Angeles, California, and founded in 2014 in Atlanta. The record label was set up by brothers  MadeinTYO  who peaked at 122 on the Billboard 200 and  24HRS. Apart from acting as a record label, they also manage artists and act as tour promoters.

Private Club Records first came to attention after uploading MadeinTYO's song called "Uber Everywhere" which gained 55 million views and peaked at number 51 on the Billboard Hot 100.

Other notable artists part of the label include Salma Slims, Noah Woods, NephLon Don, MyNameIsPhin, and dwn2earth The record label also has a YouTube channel with close to 175,000 subscribers and over 90 million views.

MadeinTYO
Malcolm Jamaal Davis (born April 12, 1992), better known by his stage name MadeinTYO (pronounced Made in Tokyo), is an American rapper, singer, and songwriter. He is best known for his 2016 single "Uber Everywhere", which peaked at number 51 on the Billboard Hot 100. It spawned a remixed version featuring Travis Scott, which served as lead single for his debut mixtape, You Are Forgiven (2016). His debut studio album, Sincerely, Tokyo (2018), peaked at number 98 on the Billboard 200.
Jeff Kurtenacker
Jeff Kurtenacker (born September 7, 1976) is a music composer for video games, television, radio, and film.  He was lead composer on the 2014 MMO WildStar by Carbine Studios, and co-composer on the major release Pirates of the Burning Sea by Flying Labs Software, released in January 2008, and worked on World of Warcraft and Warcraft 3 as a choral arranger and copyist. He lives in Southern California.

Carbine Studios
Carbine Studios, Inc. was a video game developer and subsidiary of NCSoft, founded in 2005 by former members of Blizzard Entertainment. They were the developers of the online role-playing game WildStar.
Kyar Tot The Lal Maung Sakar
Kyar Tot The Lal Maung Sakar (Burmese: ကြာတော့သည်လည်းမောင့်စကား) is a 2019 Burmese drama film, directed by Mee Pwar starring Sai Sai Kham Leng, Phway Phway and Htun Htun. It is based on the popular novel of the same name of Ju. It is the second time shot film of this novel. The film, produced by Shwe Si Taw Film Production premiered in Myanmar on February 1, 2019.

Phway Phway
Phway Phway (Burmese: ဖွေးဖွေး, pronounced [pʰwé pʰwé]; born Shwe Yee Ko Oo on 9 August 1988) is a three-time Myanmar Academy Award winning Burmese film actress. She is the third highest-paid actress of Myanmar according to records .

Phway won her first Myanmar Academy Award in 2012 with the film Let Pan, achieved her second award in 2015 with the film I'm Rose, Darling and third award in 2018 with the film Shwe Kyar. All films were directed by four-time Myanmar Academy Award winner Wyne.
Kay Kyser's Greatest Hits
Kay Kyser's Greatest Hits is a 1962 compilation album featuring music made famous by American bandleader Kay Kyser released by Capitol Records. While Kyser himself was not present at the recording session, former members of his orchestra Harry Babbitt, Mike Douglas, Trudy Erwin, Ish Kabibble, Jack Martin, Sully Mason, Ginny Simms, and Gloria Wood reunited to make re-recordings of their original Columbia Records hits.

In addition, satirist Stan Freberg impersonated Kay Kyser's voice to recreate the song introductions.

The 1962 re-recorded track for "Praise the Lord and Pass the Ammunition" was featured in the 2018 video game Fallout 76.

Stan Freberg
Stan Freberg (born Stanley Friberg; August 7, 1926 – April 7, 2015) was an American voice actor, satirist, singer, radio personality, and advertising creative director.

His best-known works include "St. George and the Dragonet", Stan Freberg Presents the United States of America, his role on the television series Time for Beany, multiple characters in the Looney Tunes such as Pete Puma and Bertie, and a number of classic television commercials.
Plaza Rio Hondo
Plaza Rio Hondo is a shopping mall in Bayamón, Puerto Rico. It opened in 1982 and is anchored by Marshalls Megastore, Caribbean Cinemas, TJ Maxx, Best Buy, Golden Corral, Pueblo Supermarkets, Chili's Grill & Bar, Walgreens, and PetSmart.

Caribbean Cinemas
Caribbean Cinemas  is a chain of movie theaters in Puerto Rico and the Caribbean. It is the only major chain in Puerto Rico following CineVista's bankruptcy. The chain has expanded into Dominican Republic, Panama, St. Thomas, St. Croix, St. Maarten, St. Kitts, St. Lucia, Antigua, Aruba,  Trinidad and Tobago, Guyana, Curaçao, Guadeloupe, Guatemala and Bolivia.
Kinistino (Saskatchewan provincial electoral district)
Kinistino was a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of the province of Saskatchewan, Canada. Located in north-central Saskatchewan, it was centred on the town of Kinistino. This constituency was one of 25 created for the 1st Saskatchewan general election in 1905.

Dissolved and combined with the Melfort riding in 1971, the district was reconstituted before the 18th Saskatchewan general election in 1975. It was dissolved again in 1995 into Saskatchewan Rivers, Melfort-Tisdale, Humboldt and a small part to Prince Albert Carlton.

It is now part of the constituencies of Batoche, Melfort, and Saskatchewan Rivers.

Saskatchewan Rivers
Saskatchewan Rivers is a provincial electoral district for the Legislative Assembly of Saskatchewan, Canada. This constituency is located where the North Saskatchewan River and the South Saskatchewan River merge. Communities in the riding include the towns of Big River and Choiceland; and the villages of White Fox, Debden, Meath Park, Candle Lake, Smeaton, and Christopher Lake.