hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Guru Nanak Jahaz
Guru Nanak Jahaz is a 2025 Indian historical drama film directed by Sharan Arts. The film stars Tarsem Jassar as Mewa Singh Lopoke, Gurpreet Ghuggi as Baba Gurdit Singh and Harsharan Singh as Bhai Bhag Singh Bhikhiwind. The film is directed by Sharan Art.

Named after the Punjab name for Komagata Maru, the film revolves around the historic events of the Komagata Maru incident and the involvement of Ghadar party revolutionaries, members of a political movement founded by expatriate Indians to overthrow British rule in India, featuring the political violence of Mewa Singh Lopoke who assassinated William Hopkinson, played by Edward Sonnenblick.

William C. Hopkinson
William Charles Hopkinson (16 June 1880 – 21 October 1914) was an Anglo-Indian who served as an Indian police officer and later an immigration inspector in the Canadian Immigration Branch in Vancouver, British Columbia, who is noted for his role in infiltration and intelligence on the Ghadarite movement in North America in the early 1900s.
Rauch comparison theorem
In Riemannian geometry, the Rauch comparison theorem, named after Harry Rauch, who proved it in 1951, is a fundamental result which relates the sectional curvature of a Riemannian manifold to the rate at which geodesics spread apart.  Intuitively, it states that for positive curvature, geodesics tend to converge, while for negative curvature, geodesics tend to spread.

The statement of the theorem involves two Riemannian manifolds, and allows to compare the infinitesimal rate at which geodesics spread apart in the two manifolds, provided that their curvature can be compared. Most of the time, one of the two manifolds is a "comparison model", generally a manifold with constant curvature, and the second one is the manifold under study : a bound (either lower or upper) on its sectional curvature is then needed in order to apply Rauch comparison theorem.

Sectional curvature
In Riemannian geometry, the sectional curvature is one of the ways to describe the curvature of Riemannian manifolds. The sectional curvature K(σp) depends on a two-dimensional linear subspace σp of the tangent space at a point p of the manifold. It can be defined geometrically as the Gaussian curvature of the surface which has the plane σp as a tangent plane at p, obtained from geodesics which start at p in the directions of σp (in other words, the image of σp under the exponential map at p). The sectional curvature is a real-valued function on the 2-Grassmannian bundle over the manifold.

The sectional curvature determines the Riemann curvature tensor completely.
Oost-Azië
Oost-Azië (Dutch for "East Asia") is a volume of poetry by Dutch poet J. Slauerhoff. First published in 1928 under the pseudonym John Ravenswood, the collection contains poems whose theme is the Far East, a part of the globe Slauerhoff knew from his career as a sailor.

Eldorado (poetry collection)
Eldorado is a volume of poetry by Dutch poet J. Slauerhoff. First published in 1928, the collection gathers poems that speak mostly of sailors' and pirates' lives and desires. The poems contain familiar themes for Slauerhoff: a sailor's life, the impossibility of life on land or in society, the myth of the pirate and the Flying Dutchman.
Contagious disease
A contagious disease is an infectious disease that can be spread rapidly in several ways, including direct contact, indirect contact, and droplet contact.

These diseases are caused by organisms such as parasites, bacteria, fungi, and viruses. Many types of organisms live on the human body and they can sometimes cause disease.

Some common infectious diseases are influenza, COVID-19, ebola, hepatitis, HIV/AIDS, Human papillomavirus infection, Polio, and Zika virus.

A disease is often known to be contagious before medical science discovers its causative agent. Koch's postulates, which were published at the end of the 19th century, were the standard for the next 100 years or more, especially with diseases caused by bacteria. Microbial pathogenesis attempts to account for diseases caused by a virus.

Microbial pathogenesis
Microbial pathogenesis is a field of microbiology that started at least as early as 1988, with the identification of the triune Falkow's criteria, aka molecular Koch's postulates. In 1996, Fredricks and Relman proposed a seven-point list of "Molecular Guidelines for Establishing Microbial Disease Causation," because of "the discovery of nucleic acids" by Watson and Crick "as the source of genetic information and as the basis for precise characterization of an organism." The subsequent development of the "ability to detect and manipulate these nucleic acid molecules in microorganisms has created a powerful means for identifying previously unknown microbial pathogens and for studying the host-parasite relationship."
Eulàlia Lledó
Eulàlia Lledó i Cunill (born 1952) is a doctor in Romance Philology from the University of Barcelona, Spain, a specialist in sexism and language research. She is the author of the first guide in Spain on the treatment of gender violence and media, published in 1999 by the Andalusian Women's Institute and Radio y Televisión de Andalucía. She has received several awards for her work, including the Creu de Sant Jordi in 2008. Likewise, she contributes to HuffPost.

Creu de Sant Jordi
The Creu de Sant Jordi (Catalan pronunciation: [ˈkɾɛw ðə ˈsaɲ ˈʒɔɾði], in English 'St George's Cross') is one of the highest civil distinctions awarded in Catalonia (Spain), surpassed only in protocol by the Gold Medal of the Generalitat de Catalunya. It was established by the Generalitat de Catalunya autonomous government by virtue of the Decret 457/1981 de 18 de desembre in 1981. The medal was designed by goldsmith Joaquim Capdevila.
Ivan Vurnik
Ivan Vurnik (1 June 1884 – 8 April 1971) was a Slovene architect that helped found the Ljubljana School of Architecture. His early style in the 1920s is associated with the search for Slovene "National Style", inspired by Slovene folk art and the Vienna Secession style of architecture (a type of Art Nouveau). Upon embracing the functionalist approach in the 1930s, Vurnik rivaled the more conservative Plečnik's approach. The Cooperative Business Bank, designed by Vurnik and his wife Helena Kottler Vurnik, who designed the decorative facade in the hues of the Slovene tricolor, has been called the most beautiful building in Ljubljana. Vurnik also created a number of urban plans, among these the plans for Bled (1930), Kranj (1933–1937), and Ljubljana (1935).

Bled
Bled (pronounced [ˈbléːt] ⓘ; German: Veldes, in older sources also Feldes) is a town on Lake Bled in the Upper Carniolan region of northwestern Slovenia. It is one of Slovenia's most visited tourist destinations. The town is the administrative seat of the Municipality of Bled.
There's No Other (Like My Baby)
"There's No Other (Like My Baby)" is a song first recorded in 1961 by the American girl group the Crystals. It was written by Phil Spector and Leroy Bates. Also produced by Spector, the single was the first release on his newly-founded Philles Records label. Barbara Alston sang lead vocal, as she did on the next two Crystals releases "Uptown" and "He Hit Me (It Felt Like a Kiss)". Spector neglected to pay the Crystals for their work on "There's No Other".

Their debut single, "There's No Other (Like My Baby)" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 in November 1961 and peaked at number 20 in January 1962 during its 11-week chart run. In 1965, a cover version of by the Beach Boys was included on their album Beach Boys' Party! and subsequently issued as the B-side to their single "The Little Girl I Once Knew". Cash Box described the Beach Boys' version as getting a "laconic, slow-shufflin’ reading."

He Hit Me (And It Felt Like a Kiss)
"He Hit Me (And It Felt Like a Kiss)" is a song written by Gerry Goffin and Carole King for girl group the Crystals under the guidance of Phil Spector in 1962. Goffin and King wrote the song after discovering that their babysitter and singer "Little Eva" Boyd was being regularly beaten by her boyfriend. When they inquired why she tolerated such treatment, Eva replied, with complete sincerity, that her boyfriend's actions were motivated by his love for her.
Al Aqrabaniya
32°15′11″N 35°22′40″E﻿ / ﻿32.25306°N 35.37778°E﻿ / 32.25306; 35.37778
Al Aqrabaniya (Arabic: العقربانية) is a Palestinian village in the Nablus Governorate in northern West Bank, located 12.1 kilometers east of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village's population was 939 inhabitants in 2017. It is bordered by Furush Beit Dajan to the east, Beit Dajan and Deir al-Hatab to the south, Al-Badhan to the west, and An-Nassariya and Beit Hasan to the north. The total area of the village consists of approximately 13,574 dunums.

An-Nassariya
an-Nassariya (Arabic: النصارية) is a Palestinian town in the Nablus Governorate in the North central West Bank, located 14 kilometers East of Nablus. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the village had a population of 1,889 inhabitants in 2017. The healthcare facilities for the surrounding villages are based in an-Nassariya, and the facilities are designated as MOH level 2.
NER Class P2
The NER Class P2 (LNER Class J26) was a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotives of the North Eastern Railway. All 50 locomotives survived into British Railways ownership in 1948 and their BR numbers were BR 65730-65779 renumbered from LNER 5730-5779 . None survive into preservation. The design is based on the P1 and Class P. All were withdrawn from 1952 to 1966 and scrapped.

NER Class P1
The NER Class P1 (LNER Class J25) was a class of 0-6-0 steam locomotives of the North Eastern Railway. Class P1 was a development of Class P, having a boiler four inches longer, and a firebox six inches longer. To accommodate these, the wheelbase was increased by nine inches. The cylinder stroke was also increased by two inches. None survived into preservation.
? Nycticebus linglom
? Nycticebus linglom is a fossil strepsirrhine primate from the Miocene of Thailand. Known only from a single tooth, an upper third molar, it is thought to be related to the living slow lorises (genus Nycticebus), but the material is not sufficient to assign the species to Nycticebus with certainty, and the species name therefore uses open nomenclature. With a width of 1.82 mm, this tooth is very small for a primate. It is triangular in shape, supported by a single root, and shows three main cusps, in addition to various crests. The absence of a fourth cusp, the hypocone, distinguishes it from various other prosimian primates.

Molar (tooth)
The molars or molar teeth are large, flat teeth at the back of the mouth. They are more developed in mammals. They are used primarily to grind food during chewing. The name molar derives from Latin, molaris dens, meaning "millstone tooth", from mola, millstone and dens, tooth. Molars show a great deal of diversity in size and shape across the mammal groups. The third molar of humans is sometimes vestigial.
Kamren Curl
Kamren Curl (born March 31, 1999) is an American professional football safety for the Los Angeles Rams of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Arkansas Razorbacks and was selected by the Washington Football Team in the seventh round of the 2020 NFL draft.

Jeremy Reaves
Jeremy Antoine Reaves (born August 29, 1996) is an American professional football safety and special teamer for the Washington Commanders of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the South Alabama Jaguars, where he was named the 2017 Sun Belt Defensive Player of the Year.

After going unselected in the 2018 NFL draft, Reaves signed with the Philadelphia Eagles as an undrafted free agent before joining Washington later that year. He received first-team All-Pro honors in 2022 for his special teams play after spending the majority of his early career on the practice squad.
Hands Up (Cole play)
Hands Up, or Ned Kelly and His Gang is a 1900 Australian play by Edward Irham Cole about Ned Kelly.

It appeared to make its debut in 1900. The play was one of a large number of dramas about Ned Kelly that followed from the success of The Kelly Gang in 1898.

Cole performed it, originally with his Wild West Dramatic Company (which he ran with "Texas Jack"), then with his own Bohemian Drama Company. It was one of their most popular works.

There were productions of the play in 1903, 1904, 1907 (In Melbourne and Sydney) and 1909.

The Kelly Gang (Rede play)
The Kelly Gang is a 1896 Australian play about Ned Kelly by actor Reg Rede. The play, heavily influenced by the stage adaptation of Robbery Under Arms - in which Rede had appeared - was very popular and much imitated by the authors of other plays about Ned Kelly.

It is not to be confused with The Kelly Gang by Arnold Denham. It is likely Denham's play plagiarised from Rede's but due to the lack of copyright protection at the time Denham escaped consequences for this.

The play debuted in rural regions in 1896 then transferred to Melbourne two years later. The play was very popular and unlike an earlier play about Kelly, Ostracised, was not banned. This encouraged numerous imitations, many of which borrowed from Rede's play and Robbery Under Arms.
Marquis Dai of Cai
Marquis Dai of Cai (Chinese: 蔡戴侯) (?–750 BC; his name is lost to history) was the tenth ruler of the State of Cai from 760 BC to 750 BC. He was the only known son of Marquis Gòng of Cai (蔡共侯), his predecessor. His reign lasted for 10 years. He was succeeded by his son.

Marquis Gòng of Cai
Marquis Gòng of Cai (蔡共侯) (?–760 BC), born as Ji Xīng (姬興), was the ninth ruler of the State of Cai from 761 BC to 760 BC. He was the only known son of Marquis Yi of Cai (蔡夷侯), his predecessor. His reign only lasted for 2 years, which seem reasonable since his father's reign was 48 years making him an old man by the time he became Marquis. He was succeeded by his son.
Callibrachion
Callibrachion is an extinct genus of caseid synapsids that lived in east-central France during the Lower Permian (Asselian). The holotype and only known specimen (MNHN.F.AUT490) is represented by an almost complete postcranial skeleton associated with skull fragments discovered at the end of the 19th century in the Permian Autun basin in Saône-et-Loire department, in the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region. It belongs to an immature individual measuring less than 1.50 m in length. Callibrachion was long considered a junior synonym of the genus Haptodus and classified among the sphenacodontid pelycosaurs. In 2015, a new study found that Callibrachion was a different animal from Haptodus and that it was a caseasaur rather than a sphenacodontid. This was confirmed in 2016 by a cladistic analysis which recovered Callibrachion as a basal caseid. Callibrachion's sharp teeth and unenlarged ribcage indicate that this animal was likely faunivorous.

Asselian
In the geologic timescale, the Asselian is the earliest geochronologic age or lowermost chronostratigraphic stage of the Permian. It is a subdivision of the Cisuralian Epoch or Series. The Asselian lasted between 298.9 and 293.52 million years ago (Ma). It was preceded by the Gzhelian (the latest or uppermost subdivision in the Carboniferous) and followed by the Sakmarian.
Agni Paarvai
Agni Paarvai (transl. Fiery vision) is a 1992 Indian Tamil-language crime film directed by P. Madhavan. The film stars Su. Thirunavukkarasar, Nizhalgal Ravi, Saranya Ponvannan, Ramkumar and Anju. It was released on 7 February 1992.

Nizhalgal Ravi
Ravichandran Samanna (born 16 April 1956), known professionally as Nizhalgal Ravi, is an Indian film, television and voice actor who works mainly in Tamil cinema. He has also performed in Tamil, Telugu and Malayalam films and television series. He started his career in 1980 with the film Nizhalgal. He has acted in more than 580 films. He is best known for his dubbing work for Amitabh Bachchan in Tamil.
Public Sector Wage Arbitration Deferral Act
The Public Sector Wage Arbitration Deferral Act (Bill 9) is a bill, informally known as the "bargaining rights bill", introduced by the Province of Alberta's United Conservative Party (UCP) government under Premier Jason Kenney, during the 30th Alberta Legislature, constituted after the general election on April 16, 2019. Bill 9 was passed on June 20, 2019. According to Alberta Finance Minister Travis Toews, Bill 9 suspends and delays hearings related to wage arbitration for public sector workers until October 31, 2019 in order to allow time for the provincial government to study the August 2019 finance report of the MacKinnon panel. Bill 9 affects 180,000 public service employees in Alberta that are represented by unions in 24 collective agreements.

The Alberta government set a goal of balancing the budget by 2022–2023.

Travis Toews
Travis Toews ECA (born 1964) is a Canadian politician elected in the 2019 Alberta general election to represent the electoral district of Grande Prairie-Wapiti in the 30th Alberta Legislature. He was appointed as Minister of Finance of Alberta and President of the Treasury Board on April 30, 2019, by Alberta Premier Jason Kenney.

On June 4, 2022, Toews resigned as the minister of finance and announced his candidacy in the 2022 United Conservative Party leadership election, where he placed second to Danielle Smith. Toews was reappointed as minister by premier Danielle Smith on October 24, 2022.
2023 Mexican Baseball League season
The 2023 Mexican League season was the 98th season in the history of the Mexican League. The league is contested by 18 teams, evenly divided in North and South zones. The season started on 20 April with the series between the defending champions Leones de Yucatán and Bravos de León and ended on 15 September with the last game of the Serie del Rey, where the Pericos de Puebla defeated the Algodoneros de Unión Laguna to win the championship.

Pericos de Puebla
The Pericos de Puebla (English: Puebla Parrots) are a professional baseball team in the Mexican League based in Puebla. Their home ballpark is the Estadio de Béisbol Hermanos Serdán. Established in 1938, the Pericos have won five Mexican League championships in 1963, 1979, 1986, 2016 and most recently in 2023.
Mount Macoun
Mount Macoun is a 3,030-metre (9,940-foot) mountain summit located in Glacier National Park of British Columbia, Canada. It is part of the Selkirk Mountains range. The mountain is a remote 61 km (38 mi) east of Revelstoke, and 32 km (20 mi) southwest of Golden. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Fox, 3.7 km (2.3 mi) to the southwest, and Mount Topham rises 4.4 km (2.7 mi) to the south. The expansive Illecillewaet Névé lies to the northwest, and two small unnamed glaciers lie at the bottom of the steep east face. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into the Beaver River.

Mount Topham
Mount Topham, is a 2,872-metre (9,423-foot) mountain summit located in Glacier National Park of British Columbia, Canada. It is part of the Selkirk Mountains range. The mountain is a remote 60 km (37 mi) east of Revelstoke, and 32 km (20 mi) southwest of Golden. Its nearest higher peak is Mount Selwyn, 2.66 km (1.65 mi) to the west. Mount Topham is situated along the western edge of the Deville Glacier. Precipitation runoff from the mountain drains into the Beaver River. Mount Topham was named in 1902 by Arthur Oliver Wheeler to honor Harold Ward Topham (1857–1915), an English mountaineer who explored and mapped the Selkirks. The mountain's name was officially adopted September 8, 1932, by the Geographical Names Board of Canada. Based on the Köppen climate classification, Mount Topham is located in a subarctic climate zone with cold, snowy winters, and mild summers. Winter temperatures can drop below −20 °C with wind chill factors  below −30 °C.
Route 66 Theme and Other Great TV Themes
Route 66 Theme and Other Great TV Themes is the thirteenth studio album by American composer and arranger Nelson Riddle, named for Riddle's theme music from the television series "Route 66". The album was nominated at the 5th Annual Grammy Awards for the Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Theme and the Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement.

Nelson Riddle
Nelson Smock Riddle Jr. (June 1, 1921 – October 6, 1985) was an American arranger, composer, bandleader and orchestrator whose career stretched from the late 1940s to the mid-1980s. He worked with many vocalists at Capitol Records, including Frank Sinatra, Ella Fitzgerald, Nat King Cole, Judy Garland, Dean Martin, Peggy Lee, Johnny Mathis, Rosemary Clooney and Keely Smith. He scored and arranged music for many films and television shows, earning an Academy Award and three Grammy Awards. He found commercial and critical success with a new generation in the 1980s, in a trio of platinum albums with Linda Ronstadt.
Naratheinga Uzana
Naratheinga Uzana (Burmese: နရသိင်္ဃ ဥဇနာ, pronounced [nəɹa̰ θéiɴga̰]; also known as Naratheinkha Uzana; 1190s–1235) was the king of Pagan from c. 1231 to 1235. He is regarded by G.H. Luce and Than Tun as king between 1231 and 1235 but other historians such as Htin Aung and Michael Aung-Thwin do not accept him as king.

One contemporary stone inscription identifies him as the crown prince, and another identifies him as the king. Neither inscription provides any regnal dates but they were conjecturally dated c. 1230 or c. 1231 by Luce. Luce and Than Tun accept that he was king. It is not universally accepted. Htin Aung does not accept Luce's proposed regnal dates; he argues that the fact that none of the chronicles identifies him as king shows that "his succession was disputed or officially unrecognized." According to Htin Aung, he may have been a pretender to the throne for a few months. Aung-Thwin does not identify Naratheinga as king either.

Than Tun
Than Tun (Burmese: သန်းထွန်း, pronounced [θáɰ̃ tʰʊ́ɰ̃]; 6 April 1923 – 30 November 2005) was an influential Burmese historian as well as an outspoken critic of the military junta of Burma. For his lifelong contributions to the development of worldwide study of Burmese history and culture, Professor Than Tun was awarded the Fukuoka Asian Culture Prize in 2000.
Death No Longer Awaits
Death No Longer Awaits (French: Le mort ne reçoit plus) is a 1944 French crime film directed by Jean Tarride and starring Jules Berry, Jacqueline Gauthier and Gérard Landry. It was shot at the Saint-Laurent-du-Var Studios and Victorine Studios in Nice. The film's sets were designed by the art director Georges Wakhévitch.

Gérard Landry
Landry Fernand Charles Marrier de Lagatinerie (16 October 1912 – 18 September 1999), known professionally as Gérard Landry, was an Argentine actor. He began acting in 1932 with his first movie Mirages de Paris, acted for over fifty years, and has been in over ninety films. Landry also starred in Les Trottoirs de Bangkok (The Sidewalks of Bangkok), a film from French director Jean Rollin.
Maria Ludovica De Angelis
Maria Ludovica De Angelis (born Antonina De Angelis, 24 October 1880 – 25 February 1962) was an Italian religious sister of the Daughters of Our Lady of Mercy, established by Maria Giuseppa Rossello. Upon investiture into the congregation, she assumed the religious name Maria Ludovica. She initially served in Italy, but moved to Argentina where she devoted her time to children and the children's hospital in La Plata. She died there in 1962. Pope John Paul II beatified her in 2004.

La Plata
La Plata (Spanish pronunciation: [la ˈplata]) is the capital city of Buenos Aires province, Argentina. According to the 2022 census, the Partido has a population of 772,618 and its metropolitan area, the Greater La Plata, has 938,287 inhabitants. It is located 9 kilometers (6 miles) inland from the southern shore of the Río de la Plata estuary.

La Plata was planned and developed to serve as the provincial capital after the city of Buenos Aires was federalized in 1880. It was officially founded by Governor Dardo Rocha on 19 November 1882. Its construction is fully documented in photographs by Tomás Bradley Sutton. La Plata was briefly known as Ciudad Eva Perón (Eva Perón City) between 1952 and 1955.