hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Cities, towns and locations in Bardhaman district
The cities, towns and locations in Bardhaman district, a former district in West Bengal, India, are divided among six subdivisions, which contain 2 municipal corporations, 9 municipalities and 31 community development blocks. The community development blocks in turn contain census towns and out-growths, as well as rural areas. Bardhaman district has 70 official urban units and many other smaller towns and villages. As of 2001 the total population was 6,919,698, of which 4,347,275 was rural and 2,572,423 was urban. The total area was 7,024 square kilometres (2,712 sq mi) of which 6,230 square kilometres (2,410 sq mi) was rural and 794 square kilometres (307 sq mi) was urban.

Community development block
In India, a community development block (CD block) or simply a block is a sub-division of a district, administratively earmarked for planning and development. In tribal areas, similar sub-divisions are called tribal development blocks (TD blocks). The area is administered by a block development officer (BDO), supported by several technical specialists and village-level workers. A community development block covers several gram panchayats, the local administrative units at the village level. A block is a rural subdivision and typically smaller than a tehsil. A tehsil is purely for revenue administration, whereas a block is for rural development purposes. In most states, a block is coterminous with the panchayat samiti area.
Preakness (horse)
Preakness (1867–1881) was an American Thoroughbred racehorse. He was sired by the famed leading sire Lexington out of a mare named Bay Leaf. Preakness was from Milton Holbrook Sanford's Preakness Stud in Preakness, Wayne Township, New Jersey.

Lexington (horse)
Lexington (March 17, 1850 – July 1, 1875) was a United States Thoroughbred race horse who won six of his seven race starts. Perhaps his greatest fame, however, came as the most successful sire of the second half of the nineteenth century; he was the leading sire in North America 16 times, and broodmare sire of many notable racehorses.
Nathan Lyons
Nathan Lyons (January 10, 1930 – August 31, 2016) was an American photographer, curator, and educator. He exhibited his photographs from 1956 onwards, produced books of his own and edited those of others.

Lyons was also a curator of photography and an associate director at the George Eastman House in Rochester, New York and, in 1969, founded the independent Visual Studies Workshop in Rochester, which established a course of study relating to the history and practice of the photographic art form and curatorial studies specifically pertaining to the medium of photography. He started the Society for Photographic Education, becoming its first chairman. He was involved with various magazines, being assistant editor of Image, regional editor of Aperture, and founder of Afterimage.

In 2000 Lyons received the International Center of Photography's Infinity Award for Lifetime Achievement in photography. He died on 31 August 2016, aged 86.

International Center of Photography
The International Center of Photography (ICP) is a photography museum and school at 84 Ludlow Street on the Lower East Side of Manhattan in New York City. ICP's photographic collection, reading room, and archives are at Mana Contemporary in Jersey City, New Jersey. The organization was founded by Cornell Capa in 1974. It is located at 84 Ludlow Street, within the Lower East Side.

ICP is the host of the Infinity Awards, inaugurated in 1985 "to bring public attention to outstanding achievements in photography by honoring individuals with distinguished careers in the field and by identifying future luminaries."
John Meadows III
John Dudley Meadows III (August 28, 1944 – November 13, 2018) was an American businessman and politician from Georgia. Meadows is a former mayor of Calhoun and a Republican member of Georgia House of Representatives.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
Rhene kenyaensis
Rhene kenyaensis is a species of jumping spider that lives in the hills near the Kenyan coast. A beetle-like member of the genus Rhene, the spider has a forward section, or cephalothorax, that is typically 1.6 mm (0.06 in) long and, behind that, an abdomen that is typically 1.6 mm (0.06 in) long. The top of its cephalothorax, its carapace is dark brown with a large eye field. The bottom of the cephalothorax, or sternum, is light brown. The top of the abdomen has a brown scutum and is marked with a pattern of white spots. Its legs are mainly light brown, apart from the dark brown front pair. Its copulatory organs are similar to other members of the genus, except for the shape of the male's embolus, which has a distinctive long twist. The species was first described in 2014.

Spider anatomy
The anatomy of spiders includes many characteristics shared with other arachnids. These characteristics include bodies divided into two tagmata (sections or segments), eight jointed legs, no wings or antennae, the presence of chelicerae and pedipalps, simple eyes, and an exoskeleton, which is periodically shed.

Spiders also have several adaptations that distinguish them from other arachnids. All spiders are capable of producing silk of various types, which many species use to build webs to ensnare prey. Most spiders possess venom, which is injected into prey (or defensively, when the spider feels threatened) through the fangs of the chelicerae. Male spiders have specialized pedipalps that are used to transfer sperm to the female during mating. Many species of spiders exhibit a great deal of sexual dimorphism.
Pūtauaki
Pūtauaki, known in English as Mount Edgecumbe, is a dacite volcanic cone in the Bay of Plenty Region of New Zealand. A King of the Mountain race was run on Pūtauaki as part of the international King of the Mountain series between 1955 and 2020, and proceeds were donated to charity.

Dacite
Dacite (/ˈdeɪsaɪt/) is a volcanic rock formed by rapid solidification of lava that is high in silica and low in alkali metal oxides. It has a fine-grained (aphanitic) to porphyritic texture and is intermediate in composition between andesite and rhyolite. It is composed predominantly of plagioclase feldspar and quartz.

Dacite is relatively common, occurring in many tectonic settings. It is associated with andesite and rhyolite as part of the subalkaline tholeiitic and calc-alkaline magma series.
Mytilos
Mytilos or Mytilus (Ancient Greek: Μύτιλος; Latin: Mytilus; ruled c. 270 – 231 BC) was an Illyrian king who reigned in southern Illyria, around the hinterland of Dyrrhachion and Apollonia. He was the successor of Monunios, and probably his son. Mytilus is mentioned by Pompeius Trogus (1st century BC) and Frontinus (1st century AD) reporting the events of the military conflict between the Illyrians and the Epirotes under Alexander II, son of Pyrrhus. From around 270 BC Mytilus minted in Dyrrhachion his own bronze coins bearing the king's name and the symbol of the city.

Frontinus
Sextus Julius Frontinus (c. 40 – 103 AD) was a Roman civil engineer, author, soldier and senator of the late 1st century AD. He was a successful general under Domitian, commanding forces in Roman Britain, and on the Rhine and Danube frontiers. A novus homo, he was consul three times. Frontinus ably discharged several important administrative duties for Nerva and Trajan. However, he is best known to the post-Classical world as an author of technical treatises, especially De aquaeductu, dealing with the aqueducts of Rome.
DPS Academy
DPS Academy (in Arabic: أكاديمية د ب س) (previously known as Union International Indian School) was a private Indian school in Dubai International Academic City, in Dubai, United Arab Emirates which is affiliated to ICSE curriculum, Delhi. It is the third school to run under the aegis of Delhi Public School Society in the United Arab Emirates which also operates Delhi Private School which is affiliated to CBSE curriculum in Dubai and in Sharjah.

In April 2013, the phase one of the DPS Academy started with classes beginning from kindergarten (KG) and grades one to five with an estimate capacity of 2,000 students. In October 2016, the school has announced its closure in March 2017.

Delhi Private School, Sharjah
Delhi Private School, Sharjah (DPS Sharjah, مدرسة دلهي الخاصة، الشارقة) is a private school in Sharjah, United Arab Emirates, affiliated with the Central Board of Secondary Education (CBSE) in India. It offers classes from KG1 to Grade 12, and operates on a 12-acre campus in Industrial Area 16, Muwaileh Commercial. As of 2024, the school has over 5,700 students and approximately 500 staff members.

The school was the first in the UAE to operate under the Delhi Public School brand and is currently rated "Very Good" by the Sharjah Private Education Authority (SPEA).
Yellow Hair and the Fortress of Gold
Yellow Hair and the Fortress of Gold is a 1984 Spanish western comedy adventure film directed by Matt Cimber and starring Laurene Landon, Cihangir Gaffari and Claudia Gravy. It is also known the alternative title Yellow Hair and the Pecos Kid.

The film was shot on location in Almería, particularly in the Tabernas Desert which often featured in European made westerns. It was made in English and distributed in the United States by Crown International Pictures, a specialist in low-budget action films. It was marketed as being a female version of Indiana Jones, although it more closely resembled a 1940s-style Western serial which its opening credits referenced. Cimber had previously directed Landon in Hundra the year before.

Laurene Landon
Laurene Landon Coughlin (born March 17, 1957) is a Canadian film and television actress. She first began appearing in movies in the 1980s. She is best known for her roles in Maniac Cop (1988) and Maniac Cop 2 (1990), ...All the Marbles (1981), Airplane II: The Sequel (1982), I, the Jury (1982) and Hundra (1983).
René Benavides
René Benavides del Villar (born 30 December 1922) was a Chilean businessman, cooperative leader, and politician associated with the Agrarian Labor Party.

He served as a Deputy for the 4th Departmental Group ―La Serena, Coquimbo, Elqui, Ovalle, Combarbalá and Illapel― during the 1953–1957 legislative period.

La Serena, Chile
La Serena (Spanish pronunciation: [la seˈɾena]) is a city and commune in northern Chile, capital of the Coquimbo Region. Founded in 1544, it is the country's second oldest city after the national capital, Santiago. As of 2012, it had a communal population of roughly 200,000, and was one of the fastest-growing areas of Chile.

The city is an important tourist destination for Chileans and Argentines, especially during the summer, where people go to visit the beaches. It is the headquarters of the University of La Serena and also is home to the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of La Serena, one of five Catholic Archdioceses of the Catholic Church in Chile.
Alfred Eisenack
Alfred Eisenack (born 13 May 1891 in Altfelde, West Prussia, died 19 April 1982 in Reutlingen) was a German paleontologist. He was a pioneer of micropaleontology and palynology. His botanical and mycological author abbreviation is "Eisenack".

Eisenack took his photographs using a Leitz monocular microscope, to which he attached a box camera fashioned from a biscuit tin and furnished with glass negatives.
He first described chitinozoans and many species of acritarchs, dinoflagellate cysts and graptolites.
In 1973 he became an honorary member of the Paleontological Society.

Dinocyst
Dinocysts or dinoflagellate cysts are typically 15 to 100 μm in diameter and produced by dinoflagellates as a dormant, zygotic stage of their lifecycle, which can accumulate in the sediments as microfossils. Organic-walled dinocysts are often resistant and made out of dinosporin. There are also calcareous dinoflagellate cysts and siliceous dinoflagellate cysts.
Panningen
Panningen (Dutch: [ˈpɑnɪŋə(n)]; Limburgish: Kepèl) is a Dutch town with a population of 7,618 inhabitants (2020) and is the biggest settlement of the municipality Peel en Maas. It is centrally located between the cities of Roermond, Weert and Venlo in the north of the Dutch province Limburg. Before the 2010 municipal redivision, when Panningen became a part of the newly formed municipality of Peel en Maas, it was part of Helden. Together with Helden, Panningen forms a double core, the double core Helden-Panningen has 13,863 inhabitants (2020). Its nearest city, Venlo, lies about 13 km eastwards.

The built-up area of the town is 3.38 km², and contains 4,523 residences.

Bouwens van der Boijecollege is a public highschool in this town.

Venlo
Venlo (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈvɛnloː] ⓘ) is a city and municipality in southeastern Netherlands, close to the border with Germany. It is situated in the province of Limburg. The municipality of Venlo counted 101,578 inhabitants as of January 2019.
Mister Eleven
Mister Eleven is a 2009 two-part British romantic drama television miniseries starring Michelle Ryan and Sean Maguire. It also stars Adam Garcia, Lynda Bellingham, Olivia Colman and Denis Lawson.  It is written by Shameless writer Amanda Coe.

Mister Eleven was released on DVD on 1 February 2010 by IMC Vision.

Denis Lawson
Denis Stamper Lawson (born 27 September 1947) is a Scottish actor. He is known for his roles as Wedge Antilles in the original Star Wars trilogy (1977–1983) and as John Jarndyce in the television miniseries Bleak House (2005), the latter of which earned him BAFTA Award and Primetime Emmy Award nominations. He also appeared in the television series The Kit Curran Radio Show (1984–1986), Holby City (2002–2004, 2019), and New Tricks (2012–2015), and reprised the role of Antilles in the film Star Wars: The Rise of Skywalker (2019). On the stage, he is a three-time Laurence Olivier Award for Best Actor in a Musical nominee, winning in 1983 for Mr Cinders.
Mark Skousen
Mark Andrew Skousen (/ˈskaʊzən/; born October 19, 1947) is an American economist and writer. He currently teaches at Chapman University, where he has been a Presidential Fellow since 2014, and the Doti-Spogli chair in free enterprise at the Argyros School of Business and Economics since 2022.

Ronald P. Spogli
Ronald P. Spogli (born 1948) is an American venture capitalist and politician. He is the former United States Ambassador to Italy and to San Marino. He was confirmed by the U.S. Senate on June 30, 2005, after being nominated by President George W. Bush on June 9. He was preceded by Mel Sembler as ambassador to Italy and is the first American ambassador to San Marino from the United States. This new position was created as a result of the excellent relations between the two countries.
Pauk Ko Taw
Pauk Ko Taw (Burmese: ပေါက်ကိုယ်တော်; pronounced [paʊʔ kò dɔ̀], also known as Ashin Ariawuntha (Burmese: အရှင်အရိယဝံသ; pronounced [ʔəʃɪ̀ɰ̃ ʔəɹḭjə wʊ̀ɰ̃ θa̰], born August 1985) is a Burmese nationalist Buddhist monk involved in both religious and political movements in Myanmar. He is a member of the now defunct Ma Ba Tha (Patriotic Association of Myanmar), a nationalist group advocating for the protection of Buddhism in Myanmar.

Pauk Ko Taw has had a significant influence on top military generals in the Mandalay Region and has led the military-backed Pyusawhti militias in both the Magway and Mandalay regions. His views on Buddhism's role in politics have been both supported by nationalist groups and criticized by human rights organizations and other observers.

Patriotic Association of Myanmar
The Patriotic Association of Myanmar (Burmese: အမျိုးသား ဘာသာ သာသနာ စောင့်ရှောက်ရေး အဖွဲ့), abbreviated Ma Ba Tha (မဘသ) in Burmese and variously translated into English as Association for the Protection of Race and Religion, Organisation for the Protection of Race and Religion and Committee for the Protection of Nationality and Religion is an ultra-nationalist Buddhist organisation based in Myanmar (Burma). Some PAM members are connected to the Buddhist nationalist 969 Movement.
Neil Tchamambe
Neil Tchamambe  (born 14 February 2005) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a winger for the London Broncos in the RFL Championship, on loan from Wakefield Trinity in the Super League.

He previously played for the Whitehaven on loan from Hull Kingston Rovers in the Super League. He also spent time on loan at Wakefield Trinity in the Super League from Hull KR. Tchamambe has also spent time on loan from Wakefield at the Goole Vikings in RFL League One and the Salford Red Devils in the top flight.

Whitehaven R.L.F.C.
Whitehaven R.L.F.C. is a professional rugby league club, from Whitehaven, Cumbria. They currently play in League One following relegation from the Championship in 2024. They currently play their games at the Recreation Ground (known locally as the Recre).

Their nicknames are 'Haven' or the 'Marras' (a local dialect word for 'mates'). Their mascot is a lion called "Pride". Between 1997 and 2003 they were known as Whitehaven Warriors.

Their local rivals are Workington Town.
Jenny P. Y. Ting
Jenny Pan-Yun Ting is a Chinese-American immunologist and microbiologist at University of North Carolina. She is a highly cited researcher who studies the role of NLR genes in regulating inflammation and how nanoparticles and microparticles can be used as vaccine adjuvants. She was president of the American Association of Immunologists from 2020 to 2021.

Immunologic adjuvant
In immunology, an adjuvant is a substance that increases or modulates the immune response to a vaccine. The word "adjuvant" comes from the Latin word adiuvare, meaning to help or aid. "An immunologic adjuvant is defined as any substance that acts to accelerate, prolong, or enhance antigen-specific immune responses when used in combination with specific vaccine antigens."

In the early days of vaccine manufacture, significant variations in the efficacy of different batches of the same vaccine were correctly assumed to be caused by contamination of the reaction vessels. However, it was soon found that more scrupulous cleaning actually seemed to reduce the effectiveness of the vaccines, and some contaminants actually enhanced the immune response.

There are many known adjuvants in widespread use, including potassium alum, various plant and animal derived oils and virosomes.
Green Oak Village Place
Green Oak Village Place is a power center located in Green Oak Township, serving Brighton, Michigan, United States. The mall, opened in stages between 2006 and 2008, includes six anchor stores: Barnes & Noble, Dick's Sporting Goods, DSW Shoe Warehouse, HomeGoods, JCPenney, Pier 1 Imports; Five Below; TJ Maxx and more than forty inline tenants. It is managed by REDICO.

Pier 1 Imports
Pier 1 Imports, Inc., is an online retailer and former Fort Worth, Texas-based retail chain specializing in imported home furnishings and decor, particularly furniture, table-top items, decorative accessories, and seasonal decor. It was publicly traded on the New York Stock Exchange under ticker PIR. In January 2020, Pier 1 had over 1,000 physical stores throughout the United States and Canada. Pier 1 filed for Chapter 11 bankruptcy protection on February 17, 2020, and on May 19, 2020, announced it was asking the bankruptcy court to close all stores, due in large part to the COVID-19 pandemic.

In July 2020, Retail Ecommerce Ventures (REV) bought the rights to Pier 1 and planned to revive the brand as an ecommerce store.

At the end of October 2020, Pier 1 Imports closed its remaining stores and transferred its website to REV, which is doing business as Dallas-based Pier 1 Imports Online, Inc.
Bulbinella angustifolia
Bulbinella angustifolia, commonly known as the Māori onion, is a species of flowering plant in the family Asphodelaceae. It is endemic to the South Island of New Zealand, mostly found in Canterbury and Otago. It is commonly found in tussock grasslands in areas with moderate moisture contents. B. angustifolia reaches a height of up to 100 cm (40 in) tall. B. angustifolia was first described in 1911 by the New Zealand botanist Leonard Cockayne. It gets its specific epithet, angustifolia, derived from the Latin angustus and folius, meaning 'narrow-leaved'.

Asphodelaceae
Asphodelaceae is a family of flowering plants in the order Asparagales. Such a family has been recognized by most taxonomists, but the circumscription has varied widely. In its current circumscription in the APG IV system, it includes about 40 genera and 900 known species. The type genus is Asphodelus.

The family has a wide, but scattered, distribution throughout the tropics and temperate zones; for example, Xanthorrhoea is endemic to Australia, while the Aloes are unique to Africa and parts of the Arabian Peninsula. Many of the family's genera are cultivated as ornamentals, with some being highly collectible and sought-after, such as Haworthia and Gasteria, as well as their intergeneric hybrids with Aloe (x Gasteraloe, x Gastorthia, x Haworthaloe, etc.), while a few are grown commercially for cut flowers. Two species of Aloe, A. vera and A. maculata, are grown for their leaf sap, which contains digestive enzymes, and has medicinal and cosmetic applications.
Frank Shifreen
Frank Shifreen (born February 29, 1948) is an American artist, curator, and teacher. Shifreen played a significant part in the art movement of New York City in the early 1980s, organizing massive artist-run shows that brought thousands of people to Gowanus, Brooklyn. Since then, he has organized socially conscious art exhibitions across the United States and abroad, including From the Ashes, a massive exhibition organized in the aftermath of 9/11. A neo-expressionist and social sculptor, he is a graduate of the Pratt Institute and Adelphi University, he is currently finishing a doctorate in art and art education at the Teachers College at Columbia University.

Pratt Institute
Pratt Institute is a private university with its main campus in Brooklyn, New York. It has an additional campus in Manhattan and an extension campus in Utica, New York at the Munson-Williams-Proctor Arts Institute. The institute was founded in 1887 with programs primarily in engineering, architecture, and fine arts. Comprising six schools, the institute is primarily known for its programs in architecture, graphic design, interior design, industrial design, and fine arts.
Aydin Kazimzade
Aydin Alakbar oghlu Kazimzade (Azerbaijani: Aydın Ələsgər oğlu Kazımzadə, born January 15, 1940) is an Azerbaijani cinematographer, Honored Cultural Worker of Azerbaijan (2000) and Honored Art Worker (2005), Presidential Scholar (2012).

Honored Cultural Worker of Azerbaijan
“Honored culture worker” (Azerbaijani: Əməkdar mədəniyyət işçisi) is a state honorary title of decoration awarded by Azerbaijan an honorary title given by the Decree of the President of the Republic of Azerbaijan on approval of the Regulations on Honorary Titles of the Republic of Azerbaijan.