hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Lesotho at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Lesotho competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris, which took place from 26 July to 11 August 2024. It was the nation's thirteenth appearance at the Summer Olympics since its debut in 1972. The delegation consisted of three athletes competing in two sports, Tebello Ramakongoana and Mokulubete Blandina Makatisi in athletics, and Michelle Tau in taekwondo. Lesotho did not win any medals during the Paris Olympics. Ramakongoana and Tau served as the team's flagbearers in the 2024 opening ceremony, while Ramakongoana and Makatisi served for the closing ceremony. The best performance was that of Ramakongoana, who got seventh in the men's marathon and set a national record.

2024 Summer Olympics closing ceremony
The closing ceremony of the 2024 Summer Olympics took place at the Stade de France in Saint-Denis on 11 August 2024.

As per traditional Olympic protocol, the ceremony featured cultural presentations from both the current (France) and following (United States) host countries, as well as closing remarks by International Olympic Committee (IOC) President Thomas Bach and the COJOP2024 President Tony Estanguet; the official handover of the Olympic flag from Paris mayor Anne Hidalgo to Los Angeles mayor Karen Bass, whose city would host the 2028 Summer Olympics; and the extinguishing of the Olympic flame. The ceremony featured a mix of filmed and live segments, which included the second half of the Los Angeles 2028 presentation, recorded in Long Beach, California.
R. S. Krishnan
Rappal Sangameswaran Krishnan (23 September 1911 – 2 October 1999) was an Indian experimental physicist and scientist. He was the Head of the department of Physics at the Indian Institute of Science and the vice chancellor of the University of Kerala. He is known for his pioneering researches on colloid optics and a discovery which is now known as Krishnan Effect. He was a Fellow of the Indian Academy of Sciences, Indian National Science Academy and the Institute of Physics, London and a recipient of the C. V. Raman Prize.
25 doctoral students were guided by Krishnan.

Institute of Physics
The Institute of Physics (IOP) is a UK-based not-for-profit learned society and professional body that works to advance physics education, research and application.

It was founded in 1874 and has a worldwide membership of over 20,000. The IOP is the Physical Society for the UK and Ireland and supports physics in education, research and industry. In addition to this, the IOP provides services to its members including careers advice and professional development and grants the professional qualification of Chartered Physicist (CPhys), as well as Chartered Engineer (CEng) as a nominated body of the Engineering Council; it also holds its own separate Royal Charter. The IOP's publishing company, IOP Publishing, publishes 85 academic titles.
Frigga (character)
Frigga (sometimes called Freyja) is a fictional character appearing in American comic books published by Marvel Comics. The character appears in particular in those featuring the superhero Thor, who is Frigga's son. Based on  both Frigg and Freyja of Norse mythology, she was created by writers Stan Lee and Robert Bernstein and artist Joe Sinnott, and first appeared in Journey into Mystery #92 (May 1963).

Rene Russo portrayed the character in the Marvel Cinematic Universe films Thor (2011), Thor: The Dark World (2013), and Avengers: Endgame (2019).

Robert Bernstein (comics)
Robert Bernstein (May 23, 1919 – December 19, 1988), sometimes credited as R. Berns, was an American comic book writer, playwright and concert impresario, notable as the founder of the Island Concert Hall recital series which ran for 15 years on Long Island.
World Wide Rebel Songs
World Wide Rebel Songs is the third full-length studio album by The Nightwatchman, the alter ego of Tom Morello. It was released on August 29, 2011, through Morello's new label New West Records, and like his previous release Union Town, was self-produced.

The album features fellow Street Sweeper Social Club members Carl Restivo and Eric Gardner on guitar and drums, respectively, as well as SSSC bassist Dave Gibbs on backing vocals.

The album's cover is a homage to the cover image on protest singer Phil Ochs' Gunfight at Carnegie Hall.

Union Town (album)
Union Town is an EP by The Nightwatchman, alter ego of musician Tom Morello. It is his third release as the Nightwatchman overall, and includes many covers of famous union songs, including "Solidarity Forever" and "Which Side Are You On?". Unlike Morello's previous efforts, the EP was self-produced by Morello himself, and is his first release on the New West Records label.

The EP is the first to feature Carl Restivo, Dave Gibbs and Eric Gardner as part of Morello's backing band, known as The Freedom Fighters Orchestra. All the three of them are also members in Morello's band Street Sweeper Social Club.
Shaqshaqiya sermon
The Shaqshiqiyya Sermon (Arabic: اَلْخُطْبَةُ اَلشِّقْشِقِيَّةُ, lit. 'roar of the camel') is a controversial text in Nahj al-balagha, the best-known collection of sermons, letters, and sayings attributed to Ali ibn Abi Talib, who was the fourth Rashidun caliph (r. 656–661), the first Shia imam, and the cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad. The sermon is highly critical of the predecessors of Ali, namely, Abu Bakr, Umar, and Uthman, accusing them of usurping the right of Ali to the caliphate.

The sermon also appears in some sources that predate Nahj al-balagha, and a number of Shia authorities have furnished it with multiple chains of transmission, while other Shia scholars accept its authenticity without labeling it as mutawatir, which is the highest level of credibility in the hadith terminology.

Hadith terminology
Hadith terminology (Arabic: مصطلح الحديث, romanized: muṣṭalaḥu l-ḥadīth) is the body of terminology in Islam which specifies the acceptability of the sayings (hadith) attributed to the Islamic prophet Muhammad by other early Islamic figures of significance such as the companions and followers/successors. Individual terms distinguish between those hadith considered rightfully attributed to their source or detail the faults of those of dubious provenance. Formally, it has been defined by Ibn Hajar al-Asqalani as: "knowledge of the principles by which the condition of the narrator and the narrated are determined." This page comprises the primary terminology used within hadith sciences.
Erdem Helvacıoğlu
Erdem Helvacioglu (born 22 May 1975 in Bursa, Turkey) is an electronic musician from Turkey. He has collaborated with artists Mick Karn, Kevin Moore, John Wilson, Kazuya Ishigami, and Saadet Turkoz. He also composes music for theatre, film and multimedia productions, and produces for popular and rock music bands in Turkey. He has received numerous international awards including prizes from the Luigi Russolo and Insulae Electronicae Electroacoustic Music Competitions.

Luigi Russolo
Luigi Carlo Filippo Russolo (30 April 1885 – 4 February 1947) was an Italian Futurist painter, composer, builder of experimental musical instruments, and the author of the manifesto The Art of Noises (1913). Russolo completed his secondary education at Seminary of Portogruaro in 1901, after which he moved to Milan and began gaining interest in the arts. He is often regarded as one of the first noise music experimental composers with his performances of noise music concerts in 1913–14 and then again after World War I, notably in Paris in 1921. He designed and constructed a number of noise-generating devices called Intonarumori.
Dinarchus
Dinarchus or Dinarch (Greek: Δείναρχος; Corinth, c. 361 – c. 291 BC) was a logographer (speechwriter) in Ancient Greece. He was the last of the ten Attic orators included in the "Alexandrian Canon" compiled by Aristophanes of Byzantium and Aristarchus of Samothrace in the third century BC.

Logographer (legal)
A logographer (λογογράφος, logographos) in Classical Athens was a professional author of forensic speeches composed for delivery by litigants in the popular courts. The modern term speechwriter is a close functional analogue. Most evidence concerns Athens in the late fifth and fourth centuries BC, though similar practices occurred elsewhere in the Greek world.
Pearl Pink
Pearl Pink (天然パールピンク, Tennen Pāru Pinku; lit. "Clueless Pearl Pink") is a manga series written and illustrated by Meca Tanaka. Originally serialized in Japan in  LaLa from April 2002 through April 2004, the individual chapters were collected and published in four tankōbon volumes by Hakusensha. The series follows the romance between Tamoko, the daughter of a top idol who must keep her identity secret, and her childhood friend Kanji, whose talent agent father represents Tamoko's mother.

The series is licensed for English language release in North America by Tokyopop, which released the series volumes from January 2007 through January 2008. The series was adapted into a drama CD spin-off by Geneon Entertainment.

Tokyopop
Tokyopop (styled TOKYOPOP; formerly known as Mixx Entertainment) is an American distributor, licensor and publisher of anime, manga, manhwa and Western manga-style works. The German publishing division produces German translations of licensed Japanese properties and original English-language manga, as well as original German-language manga. Tokyopop's US publishing division publishes works in English. Tokyopop has its US headquarters near Los Angeles International Airport in Los Angeles, California.

It is owned by POP Media Holdings. Tokyopop's parent company's offices are in Tokyo, Japan and its sister company's office is in Hamburg, Germany.
Lei Learmont
Lei Learmont is an American politician from the Democratic Party of Hawaii. She was a member of the Hawaii House of Representatives from 2017 to 2018.

Learmont is a member of the Wahiawa-Whitmore Village Neighborhood Board, the Friends of the Wahiawa Library, the Wahiawa Historical Society, and the Wahiawa Community Business Association.

She was first appointed by Governor of Hawaii David Ige to replace Marcus Oshiro. In the 2018 Hawaii House of Representatives election, she was defeated in the Democratic primary by Amy Perruso.

David Ige
David Yutaka Ige (/ˈiːɡeɪ/; 伊芸 豊, Ige Yutaka; born January 15, 1957) is an American politician and engineer who served as the eighth governor of Hawaii from 2014 to 2022. A Democrat, he served in the Hawaii State Senate from 1994 to 2014 and the Hawaii House of Representatives from 1985 to 1994.

In the 2014 gubernatorial election, he defeated incumbent Governor Neil Abercrombie in the Democratic primary, and won the general election over Republican nominee Duke Aiona. Ige was reelected in 2018, defeating Republican nominee Andria Tupola.
Richard Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn
Richard Pennant, 1st Baron Penrhyn (1737 – 21 January 1808) was a British politician who represented Petersfield and Liverpool in the House of Commons of Great Britain from 1761 to 1790. He was the owner of Penrhyn Castle, an estate on the outskirts on Bangor, North Wales. Pennant was also an absentee owner of six sugar plantations and slaves in Jamaica. In Parliament, Pennant opposed the British abolitionist movement. In Wales, Pennant was a major figure in the development of the Welsh slate industry. He received an Irish peerage from George III in 1783, and died in 1808, leaving his estates to George Hay Dawkins.

Absentee landlord
In economics, an absentee landlord is a person who owns and rents out a profit-earning property, but does not live within the property's local economic region. The term "absentee ownership" was popularised by economist Thorstein Veblen's 1923 book of the same name, Absentee Ownership. Overall, tax policy seems to favour absentee ownership. However, some jurisdictions seek to extract money from absentee owners by taxing land. Absentee ownership has sometimes put the absentee owners at risk of loss.
Alan Thomas (cricketer)
Alan Thomas (born 7 January 1947) is a former English cricketer.  Thomas was a right-handed batsman who bowled right-arm off break.  He was born at Bolton, Lancashire.

Thomas made a single first-class appearance for Lancashire against Oxford University at the University Parks in 1966. Oxford University won the toss and elected to bat first, making 241 all out in their first-innings, during which Thomas bowled eight overs without taking a wicket, though he only conceded 7 runs.  Lancashire then made 203 all out in their first-innings, during which Thomas was dismissed for 4 runs by Richard Elviss.  In response, Oxford University reached 224/8 declared in their second-innings, leaving Lancashire with a target of 262 for victory.  However, they could only make 191 all out in their second-innings, during which Thomas was dismissed for a duck by Elviss. This was his only major appearance for Lancashire.

Richard Elviss
Richard William Elviss (born 19 July 1945) is an English former first-class cricketer.

Elviss was born at the Sheffield suburb of Fulwood in July 1945. He later studied at Trinity College, Oxford where he played first-class cricket for Oxford University. He made his debut against Gloucestershire at Oxford in 1966, with Elviss playing first-class cricket for Oxford until 1967, making nineteen appearances. Playing as right-arm off break bowler, he took 65 wickets at an average of 26.43. He claimed a five wicket haul on four occasions and had best figures of 5 for 83. On the back of strong performances for Oxford, he played a trial match with the Yorkshire Second XI in the 1966 Minor Counties Championship.
Transfer hydrogenation
In chemistry, transfer hydrogenation is a chemical reaction involving the addition of hydrogen to a compound from a source other than molecular H2. It is applied in laboratory and industrial organic synthesis to saturate organic compounds and reduce ketones to alcohols, and imines to amines. It avoids the need for high-pressure molecular H2 used in conventional hydrogenation. Transfer hydrogenation usually occurs at mild temperature and pressure conditions using organic or organometallic catalysts, many of which are chiral, allowing efficient asymmetric synthesis. It uses hydrogen donor compounds such as formic acid,  isopropanol or dihydroanthracene, dehydrogenating them to CO2, acetone, or anthracene respectively. Often, the donor molecules also function as solvents for the reaction. A large scale application of transfer hydrogenation is coal liquefaction using "donor solvents" such as tetralin.

Ketone
In organic chemistry, a ketone /ˈkiːtoʊn/ is an organic compound with the structure R−C(=O)−R', where R and R' can be a variety of carbon-containing substituents. Ketones contain a carbonyl group −C(=O)− (a carbon-oxygen double bond C=O). A ketone derived from an alkane is an alkanone. The simplest ketone is acetone (where R and R' are methyl), with the formula (CH3)2CO. Many ketones are of great importance in biology and industry. Examples include many sugars (ketoses), many steroids, e.g., testosterone, and the solvent acetone.
Bad Lieutenant: Tokyo
Bad Lieutenant: Tokyo is an upcoming action thriller film directed by Takashi Miike and written by Daisuke Tengan based on the IP first produced by Edward R. Pressman, serving as a standalone sequel to Abel Ferrara's 1992 film Bad Lieutenant and the third overall Bad Lieutenant film following Bad Lieutenant: Port of Call New Orleans (2009). The film will star Shun Oguri, Lily James, and Liv Morgan.

Shun Oguri
Shun Oguri (小栗 旬, Oguri Shun; born December 26, 1982) is a Japanese actor, son of stage director Tetsuya Oguri, and the youngest of 3 siblings, including older brother Ryo, who is also an actor.

He started in small roles as extra in the works in which his father and brother worked. He began his official acting career at the age of 13 in the TV drama Hachidai Shogun Yoshimune (1995). With over 100 credits to his name, Oguri's extensive filmography includes Lupin the 3rd, Crows Zero and Gintama. He directed his first film in 2010, Surely Someday, a drama in which he had a cameo role. Oguri made his Hollywood debut in Godzilla vs. Kong in 2021. As a voice actor, in 2005, he lent his voice in Fullmetal Alchemist the Movie: Conqueror of Shamballa as Alfons Heiderich, as well as other characters in other series.

In 2023 he became president of Tristone Entertainment, the agency to which he belongs.
Marquis Li of Cai
Marquis Lì of Cai (蔡厲侯) (died 863 BC), ancestral name Ji (姬), given name unknown, was the fifth ruler of the State of Cai. He was the only known son of Marquis Gōng of Cai. He was succeeded by his son Marquis Wu of Cai.

Marquis Gōng of Cai
Marquis Gōng of Cai (Chinese: 蔡宮侯; pinyin: Cài Gōnghóu) (fl.10th century), nomen unknown, was the fourth ruler of the State of Cai. He was the only known son of Earl Huang of Cai (蔡伯荒) and close kin of King of Zhou. He was the first in the family to hold the title of the Marquis of Cai (Cai Guohou 蔡国侯) which would be in use until the end of the State of Cai in 447 BC. He was succeeded by his son.
2022 HBCU Legacy Bowl
The 2022 HBCU Legacy Bowl was a post-season college football all-star game played on February 19, 2022, at Yulman Stadium in New Orleans, Louisiana. It was the inaugural edition of the HBCU Legacy Bowl, whose founding was announced by the Black College Football Hall of Fame on March 18, 2021. The game was the last of the all-star games that concluded the 2021–22 bowl games. Television coverage was provided by NFL Network.

The bowl's teams are named after Jake Gaither, coach of the Florida A&M Rattlers from 1945 to 1973, and Eddie Robinson, coach of the Grambling State Tigers from 1941 to 1997.

HBCU Legacy Bowl
The HBCU Legacy Bowl is an annual post-season American college football all-star game for NFL draft-eligible players from historically black colleges and universities (HBCU), and is the overall concluding game of the college football post-season.
Prince Edouard-Xavier de Lobkowicz
Prince Marie Edouard-Xavier Ferdinand Auguste Gaspard de Lobkowicz (18 October 1960  – 27 April 1984) was a French aristocrat, military officer, and murder victim. The eldest son of Prince Edouard de Lobkowicz and Princess Marie Françoise of Bourbon-Parma, he was a member of the Lobkowicz family and a descendant of the House of Bourbon-Parma and the House of Bourbon-Busset. Prince Edouard-Xavier was a trained paratrooper who served as a lieutenant in the Reserve of the French Army and was a member of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta.

On 2 April 1984, Prince Edouard-Xavier went missing. A few weeks later, on 27 April 1984, his body was discovered in the Seine. An autopsy revealed that he had been murdered, with a gunshot wound in the throat and left shoulder blade.

House of Bourbon-Parma
The House of Bourbon-Parma (Italian: Casa di Borbone di Parma) is an Italian cadet branch of the Spanish royal family, whose members once ruled as King of Etruria and as Duke of Parma and Piacenza, Guastalla, and Lucca. The House descended from the French Capetian dynasty in male line. Its name of Bourbon-Parma comes from the main name (Bourbon) and the other (Parma) from the title of Duke of Parma. The title was held by the Spanish Bourbons, as the founder Philip, Duke of Parma who was the great-grandson of Ranuccio II Farnese, Duke of Parma, married Louise Élisabeth of France, getting the house of Bourbon, and the state of Parma, together.
The House of Bourbon-Parma is today the Sovereign House of the Grand Duchy of Luxembourg (agnatically) and all members of the Grand Ducal Family of Luxembourg are members of the House of Bourbon-Parma with the title of "Princes/Princesses" and the predicate of Royal Highness.
Jock Cameron (footballer)
John Bell Cameron (16 February 1879 – 5 July 1950) was a Scottish international football player and manager. He played for St Mirren before joining Blackburn Rovers in 1904. He spent three years at the club before signing for First Division rivals Chelsea. After they were relegated, he helped Chelsea to win promotion out of the Second Division in 1911–12. He signed with non-League Port Vale in 1913, departing the following year, only to return in 1916. He briefly served as the club's manager from August 1918 until his departure in January 1919.

He won two caps for Scotland in 1903 and 1904, and also represented a Scottish League XI three times.

1911–12 Football League
The 1911–12 season was the 24th season of The Football League.

Blackburn Rovers won the First Division title for the first time.

Bury and Preston North End were relegated to the Second Division, and their places in the First Division were taken by Derby County and Chelsea.
Are You My Mother? (album)
Are You My Mother? is a 2010 album released by Canadian musician Kathryn Calder. It is Calder's debut solo album.  She had previously released records as a member of Immaculate Machine and The New Pornographers.

The New Pornographers
The New Pornographers are a Canadian indie rock band, formed in 1997 in Vancouver, British Columbia. Presented as a musical collective and supergroup of singer-songwriters and musicians from multiple projects, the band currently consists of Carl Newman (vocals, guitar), Neko Case (vocals), John Collins (bass), Todd Fancey (guitar), and Kathryn Calder (keyboards, backing vocals).

The band has released nine studio albums to date and have received critical acclaim for their use of multiple vocalists and songwriters, as well as for the elements of power pop incorporated into their music. Pitchfork has described the band's sound as "peppy, gleeful, headstrong guitar pop", while Stereogum has retrospectively praised the band's debut album Mass Romantic as "one of the greatest" power pop albums.
Nayana Shakya
Nayana Shakya (Nepali: नयना शाक्य) (born May 10, 1982) is a Nepalese former swimmer, who specialized in breaststroke events. Shakya qualified for the women's 100 m breaststroke at the 2004 Summer Olympics in Athens, by receiving a Universality place from FINA, in an entry time of 1:34.99. She challenged seven other swimmers in heat one, including Bolivia's Katerine Moreno, who competed at her third Olympics since 1988. She posted a lifetime best of 1:32.92 to edge out Rwanda's Pamela Girimbabazi for a seventh seed by nearly 18 seconds. Shakya failed to advance into the semifinals, as she placed forty-seventh overall in the preliminaries.

She was also a member of the Nepal basketball team until 2014.

Katerine Moreno
Katerine Moreno Mayser (born 4 May 1974 in Santa Cruz de la Sierra) is a retired swimmer from Bolivia. She is recognized for being the Bolivian athlete with the most participations in the Summer Olympics, having competed in four editions: Seoul 1988, Sydney 2000, Athens 2004, and Beijing 2008.
Tim Downie
Timothy Richard Downie (born 14 July 1977) is an English actor and writer. He is known for the television series Toast of London, Outlander and Upstart Crow, the films Paddington and The King's Speech, and the video game Baldur's Gate 3. Downie was born in Hitchin, Hertfordshire. Before starting his professional career, he trained at the Mountview Academy of Theatre Arts.

Upstart Crow
Upstart Crow is a British sitcom based on the life of William Shakespeare written by Ben Elton. The show premiered on 9 May 2016 on BBC Two as part of the commemorations of the 400th anniversary of Shakespeare's death. Its title quotes "an upstart Crow, beautified with our feathers", a critique of Shakespeare by his rival Robert Greene in the latter's Groats-Worth of Wit.

The show is set from 1592 (the year of Greene's quotation) onwards. Shakespeare is played by David Mitchell; his wife, Anne Hathaway, is played by Liza Tarbuck; and Greene himself by Mark Heap. Shakespeare's father, John Shakespeare, is played by Harry Enfield. The first series was directed by Matt Lipsey, with subsequent series being directed by Richard Boden.