hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
SMS M42
SMS M42 was a M1915 type minesweeper built for the Imperial German Navy during the First World War by the Bremer Vulkan shipyard. She was launched on 11 August 1916 and completed on 22 September that year. M42 survived the remainder of the war, and was sold into commercial service in 1922, serving under the German and French under the names Nymphe and La Nymphe. The outbreak of the Second World War saw her requisitioned by the French Navy as an auxiliary minesweeper, but she was paid off in September 1940. In April 1944, the ship was taken over by the German Navy, serving as a training vessel and then a minelayer under the name Nymphe. The ship was sunk in April 1945.

Bremer Vulkan
Bremer Vulkan AG was a prominent German shipbuilding company located at the Weser river in Bremen-Vegesack. It was founded in 1893 and closed in 1997 because of financial problems and mismanagement.

All together Bremer Vulkan built about 1100 ships, including the ships of the predecessor Johann Lange Shipyard, of different types. It is remarkable that the Bremer Vulkan, with the exception of both World Wars, only built civilian ships; production of naval ships except during wartime first started in the 1980s.
Sture Grahn
Bror Sture Ragnvald Grahn (24 May 1932 – 14 August 2024) was a Swedish cross-country skier. He finished tenth in the 50 km event at the 1956 Winter Olympics and won gold medals in the 4 × 10 km relay at the 1958 and 1962 World Championships. His wife Barbro Martinsson also competed in cross-country skiing at the 1956 Olympics. Grahn died on 14 August 2024, at the age of 92.

Barbro Martinsson
Barbro Martinsson (born 16 August 1935) is a former Swedish cross-country skier who competed during the 1960s. Born in Valbo, she won two silver medals in the 3 × 5 km relay at the 1964 Winter Olympics and the 1968 Winter Olympics. Martinsson finished fourth in the 1968 Winter Olympics in both 5 km and 10 km.

She also won two medals in the 3 × 5 km relay at the FIS Nordic World Ski Championships with a silver in 1962 and a bronze in 1966.

Martinsson also won the 10 km event at the Holmenkollen ski festival in 1964.

In total she has won 57 district championships in different sports, including handball.
Jorge Mateo
Jorge Luis Mateo (born June 23, 1995) is a Dominican professional baseball shortstop for the Atlanta Braves of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the San Diego Padres and Baltimore Orioles. He made his MLB debut in 2020.

Gunnar Henderson
Gunnar Randal Henderson (born June 29, 2001) is an American professional baseball shortstop and third baseman  for the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB). He made his MLB debut in 2022 and won the American League Rookie of the Year Award and a Silver Slugger Award in 2023. He was named an All-Star in 2024.
Flag of Essex
The Flag of Essex is the flag of the English county of Essex. The flag is ancient in origin and features three notched Saxon seaxes (cutlasses) on a red field, representing the Saxon origins of Essex.

Saxon occupation of land that was to form the Kingdom of Essex had begun by the early 5th century at Mucking and other locations. A large proportion of the original settlers came from Old Saxony. It became one of the seven kingdoms (The Heptarchy) that united to form England over the course of the 9th, 10th and 11th centuries. The seaxes used on the flag were used as a symbol of this kingdom.

Due to the antiquity of the symbol, it is difficult to pinpoint the exact date the flag was designed, but it is earliest attested in the 17th century. It was made official by the county in 1889.

Flag of Middlesex
The flag of Middlesex is the flag of the English county of Middlesex. It is the traditional flag of Middlesex, the historic county that forms the central and north-west parts of Greater London. This traditional design is included in the Flag Institute's registry of local flags as the Middlesex Flag.

On Middlesex Day (16 May) in 2022, the Middlesex Flag was flown over 10 Downing Street, the official residence of the prime minister of the United Kingdom, being flown again on the same day in 2023 and 2024.
Heidy Purga
Heidy Purga (born 18 March 1975) is an Estonian radio and television presenter, television director, journalist and politician. She has been a member of the XIII Riigikogu and XIV Riigikogu.

Purga was sworn in as Minister of Culture in the third cabinet of Kaja Kallas on 17 April 2023.

From 1994 to 1996 she studied theatre director discipline at Tallinn University. In 2002 she graduated from Concordia International University Estonia in electronic media.

She have been the presenter, producer and editor of several television and radio channels. From 2008 to 2015 she was the producer for song contest Eesti Laul.

Since 2014 she is a member of Estonian Reform Party.

Kaja Kallas
Kaja Kallas (Estonian: [ˈkɑjɑ ˈkɑlːɑs]; born 18 June 1977) is an Estonian politician and diplomat. She was the first female prime minister of Estonia, a role she held from 2021 until 2024, when she resigned in advance of her appointment as High Representative of the European Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy. Since 2024, she has served in that role as well as Vice-President of the European Commission in the second von der Leyen Commission.

The daughter of former prime minister Siim Kallas, she was leader of the Estonian Reform Party from 2018 to 2024 and a member of the Riigikogu during  2011–2014 and 2019–2021. Kallas was a member of the European Parliament during 2014–2018, representing the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe. Before her election to Riigikogu, she was a lawyer specialising in European competition law.
Mac and Chiz
Mac and Chiz (stylized as Mac & Chiz) is a Philippine television sitcom series broadcast by TV5. Directed by Jade Castro and Sam Dabao, starring Derek Ramsay and Empoy Marquez. It aired from January 25 to June 28, 2015, replacing Quiet Please!: Bawal ang Maingay and was replaced by No Harm, No Foul. The show airs every Sunday at 8:00pm later moved to 7:00pm and back at 8:00pm.

Derek Ramsay
Derek Arthur Ramsay Jr. (born December 7, 1976) is a British-Filipino model, actor, and TV host. He has an exclusive contract with GMA Network. During the COVID-19 pandemic, Ramsay froze his contract with GMA Network. Ramsay is currently inactive in showbiz to focus on his personal and married life.
Alexander Coosemans
Alexander Coosemans (1627–1689) was a Flemish Baroque painter specialized in still lifes of flower pieces, fruit, and inanimate subjects.  He painted vanitas still lifes, pronkstillevens and game pieces.

Vanitas
Vanitas is a genre of memento mori symbolizing the transience of life, the futility of pleasure, and the certainty of death, and thus the vanity of ambition and all worldly desires. The paintings involved still life imagery of transitory items. The genre began in the 16th century and continued into the 17th century. Vanitas art is a type of allegorical art representing a higher ideal. It was a sub-genre of painting heavily employed by Dutch painters during the Baroque period (c.1585–1730). Spanish painters working at the end of the Spanish Golden Age also created vanitas paintings.
Dholki (2015 film)
Dholki is an Indian Marathi language film directed by Raju Desai and Vishal Desai. The film stars Siddhartha Jadhav, Manasi Naik, Kashmira Kulkarni and Sayaji Shinde. Music by Tubby Parikh. The film was released on 28 August 2015.

Siddharth Jadhav
Siddharth Jadhav (born 23 October 1981) is an Indian actor, entertainer and comedian widely known for his work in several Hindi and Marathi films and stage productions. He has received several awards including three Maharashtra State Film Awards, four Maharashtracha Favourite Kon Awards, and a Filmfare Award Marathi.

He is from Sewri, Maharashtra. He has acted in television, Marathi and Hindi films. He has acted in several Bollywood movies like Golmaal and Golmaal Returns but he asserts that his first love is Marathi film, TV and stage. Jadhav also acted in a Bengali movie named Ami Shubhash Bolchi with Mithun Chakraborty as the lead. Referred to in the media as the "Comedy King of Marathi Cinema".
2011 Tre Valli Varesine
The 2011 Tre Valli Varesine was the 91st edition of the Tre Valli Varesine, a single-day cycling race. It was held on 16 August 2011, over a distance of 199.1 km (123.7 mi). The race started in Besozzo and finished in Campione d'Italia, in Varese, Lombardy. Davide Rebellin won the race (his first win since his 2008 suspension), beating Domenico Pozzovivo by four seconds.

Davide Rebellin
Davide Rebellin (9 August 1971 – 30 November 2022) was an Italian professional road bicycle racer, who rode professionally between 1992 and 2022 for twelve different teams, taking more than sixty professional wins. He was considered one of the finest classics specialists of his generation with more than fifty top ten finishes in UCI Road World Cup and UCI ProTour classics.

Rebellin was best known in the cycling world for his 2004 season, when he won a then unprecedented treble with wins in Amstel Gold Race, La Flèche Wallonne and Liège–Bastogne–Liège. He also won stage races such as Paris–Nice and Tirreno–Adriatico, and a stage in the Giro d'Italia. Rebellin served a two-year suspension for testing positive for Mircera at the 2008 Summer Olympics.
Neramu Siksha (2009 film)
Neramu Siksha (transl. Crime and punishment) is a 2009 Indian Telugu-language legal drama film directed by Vijaya Nirmala starring herself, Krishna, Jayasudha, Akul Balaji, Dheeraj and Akarsha. It is based on the novel Vala by Bollimuntha Nageswara Rao. The film was released on 30 May 2009.

Akul Balaji
Akul Balaji (born Akula Balaji on 23 February 1979) is an Indian actor, television host and dancer who works in Kannada and Telugu television shows and films. He started his career by acting and hosting television shows and has participated in the Kannada Film Industry for almost a decade. He shot to fame for co-hosting the hit Kannada reality show Pyate Hudgir Halli Lifu  on Asianet Suvarna Channel, with Kannada Star Sudeep. He recently hosted a Kannada dance reality show named Takadhimita on Colors Kannada Channel.

In 2014, by public vote, Akul won the second season of game show Bigg Boss Kannada – the Indian version of Celebrity Big Brother and currently produced by Endemol India
2018 Super League Grand Final
The 2018 Super League Grand Final was the 21st official Grand Final and championship-deciding game of Super League XXIII. It was held at Old Trafford in Manchester on 13 October 2018, kick off 18.00. The final was contested by Warrington Wolves and Wigan Warriors, the third time the two sides have met in the Grand Final with previous meetings in 2013 and 2016 being won by Wigan.

2013 Super League Grand Final
The 2013 Super League Grand Final was the 16th official Grand Final and conclusive and championship-deciding match of Super League XVIII. The game was held on Saturday 5 October 2013, at Old Trafford, Manchester, and was contested by Wigan Warriors and Warrington Wolves. The two teams reached the final after progressing through the Super League XVIII play-offs. It was Warrington's second successive Grand Final and second successive defeat as Wigan won 30-16 with 28 unanswered points after going 16-2 down in the first half to claim a Super League/Challenge Cup double, having won the 2013 Challenge Cup against Hull F.C. at Wembley Stadium in August.
Harperly Hall
Harperly Hall (also known as 41 Central Park West) is an apartment building on the Upper West Side of Manhattan, New York City. The building is located at the intersection of 64th Street and Central Park West and was built from 1910 to 1911. One of the city's few buildings designed in the Arts and Crafts style, Harperly Hall was designed by Henry W. Wilkinson. The structure was listed as a contributing property to the federally designated Central Park West Historic District in 1982 when the district was added to the National Register of Historic Places.

Central Park West Historic District
The Central Park West Historic District is located along Central Park West, between 61st and 97th Streets, on the Upper West Side of Manhattan in New York City, United States. The district was added to the National Register of Historic Places on November 9, 1982. The district encompasses a portion of the Upper West Side-Central Park West Historic District as designated by the New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission, and contains a number of prominent New York City designated landmarks, including the Dakota, a National Historic Landmark. The buildings date from the late 19th century to the early 1940s and exhibit a variety of architectural styles. The majority of the district's buildings are of neo-Italian Renaissance style, but Art Deco is a popular theme as well.
Miss Teen Ecuador
Miss Teen Ecuador is a national beauty pageant in Ecuador that began in 1966.

The pageant selects Miss Teen Ecuador, Miss Teenager Ecuador and representatives of Ecuador to international competitions.

Miss Teen Ecuador has a long history producing recognized international competitions inside and outside the country.

The contest is produced and organized by Rodrigo Moreira, who promotes the values of Ecuadorian women through an awareness-raising campaign among contestants for the benefit of children and adolescents with cancer treated at SOLCA.

Rodrigo Moreira (director)
Rodrigo Moreira (born June 19, 1983, in Milagro, Ecuador), is an Ecuadorian model, actor and beauty pageant titleholder who won Mr. America Latina 2009 in Lima, Peru. He is currently a beauty pageant director and producer.
Luxembourg Handball Federation
The Luxembourg Handball Federation (French: Fédération Luxembourgeoise de Handball) (FLH) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball in Grand Duchy of Luxembourg. Founded in 1946, FLH is a founder member of both the European Handball Federation (EHF) and the International Handball Federation (IHF).

International Handball Federation
The International Handball Federation (IHF) is the administrative and controlling body for handball and beach handball. IHF is responsible for the organisation of handball's major international tournaments, notably the IHF World Men's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1938, and the IHF World Women's Handball Championship, which commenced in 1957.

IHF was founded in 1946 to oversee international competitions. Headquartered in Basel, its membership now comprises 209 national federations. Each member country must each also be a member of one of the six regional confederations: Africa, Asia, Europe, North America and Caribbean, Oceania, and South and Central America. Hassan Moustafa from Egypt has been President of the IHF since 26 November 2000.
Johnny O'Bryant III
Johnny Lee O'Bryant III (born June 1, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for the Anyang Jung Kwan Jang Red Boosters of the Korean Basketball League. He played college basketball for the LSU Tigers.

Anyang Jung Kwan Jang Red Boosters
The Anyang Jung Kwan Jang Red Boosters (Korean: 안양 정관장 레드부스터스) is a professional basketball club in the Korean Basketball League, based at Anyang Gymnasium in the city of Anyang. The club has won four KBL championship titles (2011–12, 2016–17, 2020–21, and 2022–23).
Karnaprayag–Saikot–Sonprayag Kedarnath Railway
The Karnaprayag–Saikot–Sonprayag Kedarnath Railway, notified as the project of national strategic importance, is Indian Railways's one of the four constituent routes of the proposed Char Dham Railway connecting the holiest Chota Char Dham of Hinduism. This 99 km route starts from Karnaprayag and ends at Sonprayag 13 km before Kedarnath.

Kedarnath
Kedarnath is a town and Nagar Panchayat in Rudraprayag district of Uttarakhand, India, known primarily for the Kedarnath Temple. It is approximately 86.5 kilometres from Rudraprayag, the district headquarters. Kedarnath is the most remote of the four Chota Char Dham pilgrimage sites. It is located in the Himalayas, about 3,583 m (11,755 ft) above sea level near the Chorabari Glacier, which is the source of the Mandakini River. The town is flanked by snow-capped peaks, most prominently the Kedarnath Mountain. The nearest road head is at Gaurikund about 16 km away. The town suffered extensive destruction during June 2013 from the flash floods caused by torrential rains in Uttarakhand.
Alex Sobel (basketball)
Alex Sobel (born February 8, 2000) is an American professional basketball player who plays the forward position for Hapoel Haifa of the Israeli Basketball Premier League (ISBL). He attended Middlebury College, where in 2022-23 he was second in the nation in blocks and blocks per game, led the New England Small College Athletic Conference in points and rebounds per game, and was named the D3hoops.com National Player of the Year. The following season, he attended Sacred Heart University and played in the Northeast Conference, and led the conference in blocks (as he was sixth in the NCAA) per game and two-point field-goal percentage, and was fourth in the conference in rebounds per game.

Hapoel Haifa B.C.
Hapoel Haifa Basketball Club is a professional basketball team based in Haifa, Israel. The club plays in the Israeli Basketball Premier League, the top tier of Israeli basketball. It was founded in 1930, and is owned by Hapoel Haifa Supporters Trust - Ultras Gate 5.
Proofs involving the addition of natural numbers
This article contains mathematical proofs for some properties of addition of the natural numbers: the additive identity, commutativity, and associativity. These proofs are used in the article Addition of natural numbers.

Identity (mathematics)
In mathematics, an identity is an equality relating one mathematical expression A to another mathematical expression B, such that A and B (which might contain some variables) produce the same value for all values of the variables within a certain domain of discourse. In other words, A = B is an identity if A and B define the same functions, and an identity is an equality between functions that are differently defined. For example,   and  are identities. Identities are sometimes indicated by the triple bar symbol ≡ instead of =, the equals sign. Formally, an identity is a universally quantified equality.
Earls Court Boat Show
The Earls Court Boat Show was first held in December 2007 at the Earls Court Exhibition Centre. This venue had previously hosted the long-established London Boat Show until its move to London's ExCeL Exhibition Centre in 2004.

The new commercial Earls Court Show is entirely separate from the London Boat Show.

The 2007 Earls Court Boat Show took place between 1–9 December 2007.  It was the 50th boat show to be held in the exhibition centre.

In 2008, the show rebranded as the Sail, Power & Watersports Show at Earls Court.

London Boat Show
The London Boat Show was an event held in London from 1955 to 2018, organised by British Marine. First held at Olympia, it was later moved to the Earls Court Exhibition Centre, and finally the ExCeL Exhibition Centre. The show's cancellation was announced in May 2018, with organisers citing the show as commercially unviable for the industry in its current format.
Deskle
Deskle (pronounced [ˈdeːsklɛ]; Italian: Descla) is a settlement on the left bank of the Soča River, opposite Anhovo, in the Municipality of Kanal ob Soči in the Littoral region of Slovenia.

The parish church in the settlement is dedicated to Saint George and belongs to the Diocese of Koper.

Anhovo
Anhovo (pronounced [ˈaːŋxɔʋɔ]; Italian: Salona d'Isonzo, Anicova Corada before 1927) is a settlement on the right bank of the Soča River in the Municipality of Kanal ob Soči in the Littoral region of Slovenia. It is best known for its cement factory, Salonit Anhovo, built in 1921.

There is a small railway station on the outskirts of the settlement.
Floriston, California
Floriston is an unincorporated community and census-designated place in Nevada County, California. It is situated at an elevation of 5,400 ft (1,600 m) above sea level. Floriston is located on the Truckee River, 10 miles (16.1 km) east-northeast of Truckee. Formerly an important railroad stop and mill town, Floriston survives to this day as a small residential community. The population was 80 at the 2020 census.

Truckee River
The Truckee River is a river in the U.S. states of California and Nevada. The river flows northeasterly and is 121 miles (195 km) long. The Truckee is the sole outlet of Lake Tahoe and drains part of the high Sierra Nevada, emptying into Pyramid Lake in the Great Basin. Its waters are an important source of irrigation along its valley and adjacent valleys.
2025 Liège–Bastogne–Liège
The 2025 Liège–Bastogne–Liège was a Belgian road cycling one-day race that took place on 27 April. It was the 111th edition of Liège–Bastogne–Liège and the 19th event of the 2025 UCI World Tour. It was the finale of the Ardennes classics, following the Amstel Gold Race and La Flèche Wallonne. The route was 252 kilometres (157 mi) long, slightly shorter than previous editions, and featured eleven classified climbs, starting and ending in Liège.

The race was won by defending champion Tadej Pogačar (UAE Team Emirates XRG) after a solo attack, winning by over a minute ahead of Giulio Ciccone (Lidl–Trek) and Ben Healy (EF Education–EasyPost). Pogačar became the first rider to finish on the podium in six successive monuments.

Ben Healy (cyclist)
Benjamin Maxton Healy (born 11 September 2000) is an Irish professional cyclist, who currently rides for UCI WorldTeam EF Education–EasyPost and represents Ireland. A two time national champion (once each in the road race and time trial), he was selected to compete in the road race at the 2020 UCI Road World Championships. In the professional peloton, Healy is considered both a puncheur and a rouleur, and has won breakaway stages at both the Giro d'Italia (2023) and the Tour de France (2025), and achieved podium finishes in the Liege-Bastogne-Liege monument and a number of the Ardennes classics. In July 2025, he became the first Irish rider since Stephen Roche in 1987, and fourth Irishman overall, to wear the yellow jersey at the Tour de France. He won the Super Combativity award for the 2025 Tour de France.
In Europe (Jack DeJohnette album)
In Europe is a live album by Jack DeJohnette and New Directions, recorded in June 1979 and released on ECM Records in September 1980. The quartet features trumpeter Lester Bowie, guitarist John Abercrombie, and bassist Eddie Gómez.

Jack DeJohnette
Jack DeJohnette (August 9, 1942 – October 26, 2025) was an American jazz drummer, pianist and composer. Known for his extensive work as leader and sideman for musicians including Charles Lloyd, Freddie Hubbard, Keith Jarrett, Bill Evans, John Abercrombie, Ralph Towner, Alice Coltrane, Sonny Rollins, Miles Davis, Joe Henderson, Michael Brecker, Pat Metheny, Herbie Hancock, and John Scofield, DeJohnette was inducted into the Modern Drummer Hall of Fame in 2007. He won two Grammy Awards and was nominated for six others. The Times said that as a drummer "few could rival his virtuosity or his dynamism". He recorded more than 35 albums under his own name as a band leader.
Hyderabad women's cricket team
The Hyderabad women's cricket team is a women's cricket team that represents the Indian city of Hyderabad. The team competes in the Women's Senior One Day Trophy and the Women's Senior T20 Trophy. They have reached the final of the One-Day Trophy once and of the T20 Trophy 3 times, but have ended as runners-up on all four occasions.

Senior Women's T20 Trophy
The Senior Women's T20 Trophy, previously known as the Senior Women's T20 League, is a women's Twenty20 cricket competition held in India. It began in the 2008–09 season, with 28 teams representing state cricket associations, whilst the most recent season, 2022–23, had 37 teams competing. Railways are the most successful team in the history of the competition, winning 11 titles, whilst Delhi, Punjab and Mumbai have won the competition once apiece.