hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Selim I Giray
Selim I Giray (1631 - 22 December 1704) was four times Khan of the Crimean Khanate in the period from 1671 to 1704. During this time Crimean khans were regularly appointed and replaced by the Ottomans. The main events of the period were the continuing conflicts in Ukraine, the Russian capture of Azov and the Great Turkish War during which the Turks were pushed back from Vienna in 1683 to about the line of Belgrade.  Unlike other khans of the period, he ruled well and had no conflicts with his nobles.

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
Mark Shelton (footballer)
Mark John Shelton (born 12 September 1996) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for EFL League Two club Barnet.

Shelton came through the ranks at Burton Albion, signing his first professional contract in May 2015. He continued his career in non-League, initially with Ilkeston and Alfreton Town. He signed for Salford City and won two back-to-back promotions with the Ammies. In his third season, Shelton had loan spells with Woking and Hartlepool United. After impressing with Hartlepool, he signed a permanent deal with them. In his first full season with the club, he won promotion via the play-offs. In January 2023, Shelton moved to Oldham Athletic. At the end of his second season with Oldham, Shelton moved to Barnet. In the 2024–25 season, Shelton was a member of the Barnet squad that won the National League title.

Alfreton Town F.C.
Alfreton Town Football Club is a football club based in Alfreton, Derbyshire, England. The club are currently members of the National League North, the sixth tier of English football, and play at North Street.
Helmut Wrangel's reconquest of Jutland
Helmut Wrangel's reconquest of Jutland occurred from September 1644 to January 1645 during the Torstenson War, when Lennart Torstensson sent a detachment of 4,000, 5,000, or 5,600 men under Helmut Wrangel to retake control of Jutland and Holstein which had been for the most part retaken by Denmark after the previous Swedish invasion.

Torstenson War
The Torstenson War, 1643 to 1645, was fought between Sweden and Denmark–Norway. The name derives from Swedish general Lennart Torstenson, and it is considered a related conflict of the Thirty Years' War.

Denmark–Norway had withdrawn from the Thirty Years' War in the 1629 Treaty of Lübeck. After its victories in the war, Sweden felt it had to attack Denmark–Norway due to its advantageous geographical position in relation to Sweden. Sweden invaded in a short two-year war. In the Second Treaty of Brömsebro (1645), which concluded the war, Denmark–Norway had to make huge territorial concessions and exempt Sweden from the Sound Dues, de facto acknowledging the end of the Danish-Norwegian, and the start of the Swedish, dominium maris baltici. Dano–Norwegian efforts to reverse this result in the Second Northern, Scanian and Great Northern wars failed.
Chittaranjan railway station
Chittaranjan railway station, formerly known as Mihijam railway station, station code CRJ, is the railway station in Mihijam, Jamtara district in the Indian state of Jharkhand. Chittaranjan railway station lies on the Howrah–Delhi main line on the Asansol–Patna section. The railway station is named after the Indian freedom fighter, Deshbandhu Chittaranjan Das.

Chittaranjan railway station serves Mihijam and Chittaranjan township. The railway station is located in Mihijam, which is in Jharkhand, whereas the township falls in West Bengal. The Chittaranjan railway station is in Howrah–Delhi main line at a distance of 237 km from Howrah. The nearest major railway junction is Asansol, 25 km away.

New Delhi–Howrah main line
The New Delhi–Howrah main line is a railway line connecting Delhi and Kolkata cutting across northern India. The 1,531 km (951 mi) railway line was opened to traffic in 1866 with the introduction of the "1 Down/2 Up Mail" train.
Zum Teufel mit der Penne
Zum Teufel mit der Penne is a 1968 West German comedy film directed by Werner Jacobs and starring Peter Alexander, Hansi Kraus and Hannelore Elsner. Its English title is To Hell with School. It was the second in the 7-part Die Lümmel von der ersten Bank series of comedy films.

Peter Alexander (Austrian performer)
Peter Alexander Ferdinand Maximilian Neumayer (30 June 1926 – 12 February 2011), commonly known as Peter Alexander, was an Austrian actor, singer and one of the most popular entertainers in the German-language world between the 1950s and his retirement. His fame emerged in the 1950s and 1960s through popular film comedies and successful recordings, predominantly of Schlager and operetta repertory. Later, Alexander established himself as the acclaimed host of television shows. His career as a live singer touring the German language countries lasted until 1991, while he continued his television work until 1996.
Notts Gymnastics Academy
Notts Gymnastics Academy is an artistic gymnastics club based at East Midlands Gymnastics Centre in West Bridgford, Nottinghamshire.  It has produced British men's and women's national team members including Olympians, Sam Oldham and Becky & Ellie Downie.

The club formed in 1997 when Bigwood and Rushcliffe Gymnastics Club combined to share the newly built East Midlands Gymnastics Centre.

The clubs gym is at Rushcliffe Spencer Academy and flooded in 2023 during Storm Babet. The gym was redeveloped in 2024, with additional facilities added including new locker areas, reception and offices. A second phase of expansion is planned which includes knocking through the school’s old sports hall and squash courts, to create one of the biggest gymnastic facilities in the UK. Additional funding for the project was approved in March 2025.

Ellie Downie
Elissa Rebecca "Ellie" Downie MBE (born 20 July 1999) is a retired artistic gymnast who has represented Great Britain. She is the all-around 2017 European gymnastics champion, the first gymnast to win a major all-around title for Great Britain.

The younger sister of triple European champion Becky Downie, Downie first came to prominence as an outstanding junior gymnast at the 2014 Summer Youth Olympics, winning four medals. At the age of 15, she became the first British woman to win an individual all-around medal at the European Artistic Gymnastics Championships, with a bronze in 2015. Later that year, she was part of the team that won Britain's first global team medal, a bronze, at the 2015 World Artistic Gymnastics Championships. At the 2017 European Championships, she made history again by becoming the first British gymnast to win the all-around at a major international competition.

On 23 January 2023, Downie announced her retirement from the sport.
Stephen Woods Jr.
Stephen Hugo Woods Jr. (born June 10, 1995) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has previously played in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) for the Fubon Guardians.

Fubon Guardians
The Fubon Guardians (Chinese: 富邦悍將) are a professional baseball team in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in Taiwan. The team is owned by Fubon Financial Holding Co. and play their home games at Xinzhuang Baseball Stadium in New Taipei City. The team has had the Guardians name since 2017, with the franchise previously known as the Jungo Bears, Sinon Bulls, and EDA Rhinos.
Bart Hester
Bart Franklin Hester (born December 9, 1977) is an American politician serving as a member of the Arkansas Senate from the 33rd district and a Republican. A real estate agent and former baseball player,  has served since 2013, and was nominated president pro tempore of the Senate for the 94th Arkansas General Assembly.

Arkansas Senate
The Arkansas State Senate is the upper branch of the Arkansas General Assembly. The Senate consists of 35 members, each representing a district with about 83,000 people. Service in the state legislature is part-time, and many state senators have full-time jobs during the rest of the year. During the current term, the Senate contains twenty-eight Republicans, six Democrats and one vacancy.
Jurruru language
Jurruru is an extinct Australian Aboriginal language formerly spoken in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, particularly near the Ashburton River. It is classified as part of the Pama–Nyungan language family, within the Ngayarda subgroup. There were two speakers left in 1967 and no speakers by 1986, leading to its extinction.

Mantharta language
Mantharta is an extinct dialect cluster spoken in the southern Pilbara region of Western Australia. There are four varieties, which were distinct but largely mutually intelligible. The four are:

Tharrgari (Tharrkari, Dhargari), still spoken c. 2005

Warriyangka (Wadiwangga), still spoken c. 1973

Thiin (Thiinma), still spoken as of 2021

Jiwarli (Tjiwarli), extinct 1986

The name mantharta comes from the word for "man" in all four varieties.
2021–22 Angola Super Cup
The 2021–22 Supertaça de Angola (31st edition) was contested by Sagrada Esperança, the 2020–21 Girabola champion and Petro de Luanda, the 2020–21 Angola Cup winner. Sagrada Esperança won the match, making it its 1st super cup win.

2020–21 Girabola
The 2020–21 Girabola was the 43rd season of top-tier football in Angola. The season was held from 26 December 2020 until 29 June 2021.

The league comprised 16 teams and the bottom three teams were relegated to the 2021–22 Provincial stages.

Sagrada Esperança won the title while Baixa de Cassanje, Santa Rita de Cássia and Ferroviário do Huambo were relegated.
Noble H. Getchell
Noble Hamilton Getchell (1875–1960) was an American miner and politician from Nevada.  He served five consecutive terms in the Nevada State Senate from 1922 through 1942.  He also served in the Arizona State Senate from 1917 through 1918, during the 3rd Arizona State Legislature.  He was the chairman of the Nevada Republican Committee for 12 years, followed by 13 years as the National Committeeman for the Republicans in Nevada.  He was in the mining field, doing exploration and development in Alaska, Colorado, Arizona, Washington, and most significantly in Nevada.  The mineral Getchellite is named after him, and for several decades, until its demolition in 2013, the library at the University of Nevada was named after him.

University of Nevada, Reno
The University of Nevada, Reno (Nevada, the University of Nevada, or UNR) is a public land-grant research university in Reno, Nevada, United States. It is the state's flagship public university and primary land grant institution. It was founded on October 12, 1874, in Elko, Nevada.

The university is classified as a doctoral, R1 research university by the Carnegie Classification. In 2018, the university spent $144 million on research and development according to the National Science Foundation. Among its several schools and colleges, the university has a medical school and is home to the Donald W. Reynolds School of Journalism from which six Pulitzer Prize winners have graduated.
SS Chaksang
Chaksang was a 1,923 GRT Hansa A type cargo ship which was built in 1944 as Weserbrück by Deutsche Werft, Hamburg, Germany for Norddeutscher Lloyd. She was seized by the Allies in an incomplete state in 1945 and completed as Empire Fraser for the Ministry of War Transport (MoWT). She was sold in 1946 to the Indo-China Steam Navigation Co Ltd and renamed Chaksang. Suffering an on-board explosion and fire in September 1949, she sank at Hong Kong. She was subsequently raised and scrapped in 1950.

Deutsche Werft
Deutsche Werft (English: German Shipyard) was a shipbuilding company in Finkenwerder Rüschpark, Hamburg, Germany. It was founded in 1918 by Albert Ballin and with Gutehoffnungshütte (GHH), Allgemeine Elektricitäts-Gesellschaft (AEG) and Hamburg Amerikanische Packetfahrt Actien Gesellschaft (HAPAG) as investors.
Khéphren Thuram
Khéphren Thuram-Ulien (French pronunciation: [kefʁɛn tyʁam]; born 26 March 2001) is a French professional footballer who plays as a defensive midfielder for Serie A club Juventus and the France national team.

Formed at Monaco, where he made three substitute appearances, Thuram signed for rivals Nice in 2019. He made 167 appearances for Nice, including the 2022 Coupe de France final, before joining Juventus in 2024. Formerly a youth international, he made his senior international debut for France in 2023.

2022 Coupe de France final
The 2022 Coupe de France final was a football match between Nice and Nantes to decide the winner of the 2021–22 Coupe de France, the 105th season of the Coupe de France. Originally scheduled to take place on 8 May at the Stade de France in Saint-Denis, Paris, the final was moved to 7 May in consultation with competing clubs and the broadcasters.

Nantes won the match 1–0 for their fourth Coupe de France title.
Diego antigen system
The Diego antigen system (or Diego blood group system) is a human blood group system composed of 21 blood factors (or antigens) carried on the band 3 glycoprotein, also known as Anion Exchanger 1 (AE1). The antigens are inherited through various alleles of the gene SLC4A1 (Solute carrier family 4), located on human chromosome 17. The AE1 glycoprotein is expressed only in red blood cells and, in a shortened form, in some cells in the kidney. The Diegoa antigen is fairly common in Indigenous peoples of the Americas (in both North and South America) and East Asians, but very rare or absent in most other populations, supporting the theory that the two groups share common ancestry.

Human blood group systems
The term human blood group systems is defined by the International Society of Blood Transfusion (ISBT) as systems in the human species where cell-surface antigens—in particular, those on blood cells—are "controlled at a single gene locus or by two or more very closely linked homologous genes with little or no observable recombination between them", and include the common ABO and Rh (Rhesus) antigen systems, as well as many others; 48 human systems are identified as of 31 May 2025.
La venganza de Analía
La venganza de Analía  (English: Ana's Revenge) is a Colombian drama television series created by Clara María Ochoa and Ana Piñeres for Caracol Televisión. The series premiered on 15 April 2020. It stars Carolina Gómez as the title character.

On 24 August 2023, the series was renewed for a second season that premiered on 21 May 2025.

Caracol Televisión
Caracol Televisión (Spanish pronunciation: [kaɾaˈkol teleβiˈsjon]) (known as Caracol and previously as Canal Caracol) is a Colombian free-to-air television network owned by Caracol Medios, a unit of Grupo Valorem. It is one of the leading private TV networks  in Colombia, alongside Canal RCN and Canal 1. The network distributes and produces 5,000+ programs and has aired in more than 80 countries.
Plectranthus purpuratus
Plectranthus purpuratus or cliff spurflower is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to South Africa's Kwazulu-Natal and Mpumalanga provinces, as well as eSwatini. The name is frequently misapplied to Plectranthus ciliatus, presumably because both have purple-backed leaves.

Plectranthus ciliatus
Plectranthus ciliatus, called Indian borage, speckled spur flower, blue spur flower (a name shared with other members of its genus), and candlestick plant (shared with many other species), is a species of flowering plant in the family Lamiaceae. It is native to South Africa and Eswatini, and introduced to Victoria in Australia and the North and South Islands of New Zealand. With its Coleus‑like foliage, its cultivar 'Easy Gold' has gained the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit as an ornamental.
New York State Route 193
New York State Route 193 (NY 193) is a short state highway located entirely within the town of Ellisburg in the southwest part of Jefferson County in the North Country of New York in the United States. The western terminus of NY 193 is at an intersection with NY 3 at Southwick Beach State Park, just east of Lake Ontario. Its eastern terminus is at a junction with U.S. Route 11 (US 11) in Pierrepont Manor, just east of Interstate 81 (I-81) and north of Mannsville.

Mannsville, New York
Mannsville is a village in the town of Ellisburg in Jefferson County, New York, United States. The population was 354 at the 2010 census, down from 400 in 2000. The name is from Barzillian Mann, early developer.

Mannsville is in the southeastern part of Ellisburg and is south of Watertown.
Marc Jeannerod
Marc Jeannerod (15 December 1935 – 1 July 2011) was a neurologist, a neurophysiologist and an internationally recognized expert in cognitive neuroscience and experimental psychology. His studied the cognitive and neurophysiological mechanisms underpinning motor control, motor cognition, the sense of agency, and more recently language and social cognition. Jeannerod's work bridges with elegance and rigor various levels of analysis, ranging from neuroscience to philosophy of mind, with clear implications for the understanding of a number of psychiatric and neurological disorders, especially schizophrenia.

Motor control
Motor control is the regulation of movements in organisms that possess a nervous system. Motor control includes conscious voluntary movements, subconscious muscle memory and involuntary reflexes, as well as instinctual taxes.

To control movement, the nervous system must integrate multimodal sensory information (both from the external world as well as proprioception) and elicit the necessary signals to recruit muscles to carry out a goal. This pathway spans many disciplines, including multisensory integration, signal processing, coordination, biomechanics, and cognition, and the computational challenges are often discussed under the term sensorimotor control. Successful motor control is crucial to interacting with the world to carry out goals as well as for posture, balance, and stability.

Some researchers (mostly neuroscientists studying movement, such as Daniel Wolpert and Randy Flanagan) argue that motor control is the reason brains exist at all.
James Johnson Kelly
James Johnson Kelly (March 29, 1928 – December 29, 2018) was a United States Army Air Force/United States Air Force officer who served with the 99th Fighter Squadron and 332nd Fighter Group. He served in the Korean War at the Battle of Chosin Reservoir, and he retired in 1971 as a Major in the Air Force and a Squadron Commander.

99th Flying Training Squadron
The 99th Flying Training Squadron (99 FTS) is a training squadron of the United States Air Force, part of the 12th Flying Training Wing (12 FTW) based at Randolph Air Force Base, Texas.

Operating Raytheon T-1A Jayhawks, the squadron prepares prospective flight instructors to teach undergraduate pilots and combat systems officers at various bases in the Air Education and Training Command (AETC).

The squadron was formed during World War II as the first flying unit for African Americans. Known as the Tuskegee Airmen, the unit served with distinction in the European Theater of Operations. After the war it served as a flight training unit until its inactivation in 1949.

It was re-activated in 1988 as a training squadron. Its planes' tails are painted red to honor the Tuskegee Airmen.
Lex (software)
Lex is a computer program that generates lexical analyzers ("scanners" or "lexers"). It is commonly used with the yacc parser generator and is the standard lexical analyzer generator on many Unix and Unix-like systems. An equivalent tool is specified as part of the POSIX standard.

Lex reads an input stream specifying the lexical analyzer and writes source code which implements the lexical analyzer in the C programming language.

In addition to C, some old versions of Lex could generate a lexer in Ratfor.

Unix-like
A Unix-like (sometimes referred to as UN*X, *nix or *NIX) operating system is one that behaves in a manner similar to a Unix system, although not necessarily conforming to or being certified to any version of the Single UNIX Specification. A Unix-like application is one that behaves like the corresponding Unix command or shell. Although there are general philosophies for Unix design, there is no technical standard defining the term, and opinions can differ about the degree to which a particular operating system or application is Unix-like. Some well-known examples of Unix-like operating systems include Linux, FreeBSD and OpenBSD. These systems are often used on servers as well as on personal computers and other devices. Many popular applications, such as the Apache web server and the Bash shell, are also designed to be used on Unix-like systems.
Rabin Omar
Rabin Omar (born 21 July 1997) is an Iraqi-Dutch professional footballer. Omar has previously played for Annan Athletic, Greenock Morton, Dumbarton, Stirling Albion, Elgin City, East Fife, Broomhill and Troon.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
The Rebirth of a King
The Rebirth of a King, also known as Yue Wang Gou Jian, is a Chinese television series based on the life of King Goujian in the state of Yue in the Spring and Autumn period. Directed by Huang Jianzhong, Yuen Bun and Yanyi, the series starred Chen Baoguo, Bao Guo'an, You Yong, Li Guangjie and Zhou Yang. The series was first aired on TVB in November 2006 in Hong Kong and a year later on CCTV in mainland China.

Chen Baoguo
Chen Baoguo (Chinese: 陈宝国; born 9 March 1956) is a Chinese actor, President of the China Film Performance Society (CFPS) and a Chairman of China TV Artists Association (CTAA) Actor's Committee. He graduated from the Central Academy of Drama in 1977 and has since acted in many films and television series, including The Emperor in Han Dynasty, Da Zhai Men and Rob-B-Hood. He is married to actress Zhao Kui'e (赵奎娥). In 2020, he became the first Chinese actor to win a two-round "Grand Slam", after winning the "Best Actor" award at least twice at the Feitian Award, the Golden Eagle Award and the Magnolia Award.
Bonne Marie Félicité de Sérent
Bonne Marie Félicité de Sérent née de Montmorency-Luxembourg (February 18, 1739 – July 3, 1823), was a French courtier. She served as dame d'atour to Princess Élisabeth of France in 1776–92, and as dame d'honneur to Marie Thérèse of France in 1799–1823.

Marie Thérèse of France
Marie-Thérèse (Marie-Thérèse Charlotte; 19 December 1778 – 19 October 1851) was the eldest child of King Louis XVI and Queen Marie Antoinette of France, and their only child to reach adulthood. In 1799, she married her cousin Louis Antoine, Duke of Angoulême, the eldest son of Charles X of France, henceforth becoming the Duchess of Angoulême. She was the only member of her immediate family to survive the French Revolution.

She became Dauphine of France upon the accession of her uncle and father-in-law, Charles X, to the French throne in 1824. On 2 August 1830, after the July Revolution, both Charles X and her husband signed an instrument of abdication 20 minutes apart. Some popular sources identify her to be a short-reigning Queen of France in the 20-minute interval between the signatures, but scholarly sources generally consider this to be a myth. She is, however, the undisputed legitimate Queen of France from 1836 to 1844 according to the Legitimists.