hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Claus Adam
Claus Adam (November 5, 1917 – July 4, 1983) was an American cellist and cello teacher as well as a composer. His music teachers include Emanuel Feuermann for cello, Stefan Wolpe for composition, and Léon Barzin for conducting. He served as the second cellist of the Juilliard String Quartet from 1955 to 1974, preceded by Arthur Winograd and succeeded by Joel Krosnick, a former student of his. Composer and pianist Awilda Villarini was also one of his students.

He devoted the last decade of his life primarily to musical composition, and several of his works—including a cello concerto and a string trio—are published by G. Schirmer.

Adam lived in Indonesia until he was six. His father, Tassilo Adam, was an ethnologist there. He then went to Europe and studied in Salzburg. In 1929 he went to the USA.

Arthur Winograd
Arthur Winograd (April 22, 1920 – April 22, 2010) was the music director of the Hartford Symphony Orchestra and the founding cellist of the Juilliard String Quartet.

Born in New York City, Winograd studied at the New England Conservatory of Music and the Curtis Institute of Music before founding the Juilliard quartet in 1946.

He died from pneumonia in Morristown, New Jersey on his 90th birthday.
Diane Kochilas
Diane Kochilas (Greek: Κόχυλας, Kóchylas; born May 17, 1960) is a Greek American cookbook author, celebrity chef, and cooking school owner. She has appeared on numerous American television programs, including Throwdown! with Bobby Flay, Bizarre Foods with Andrew Zimmern, The Today Show, PBS News Hour, and Martha Stewart. In Greece and Cyprus, Kochilas hosted the TV cooking show Τι Θα Φάμε Σήμερα Μαμά; (What Are We Going to Eat Today, Mom?) on Alpha Channel and Sigma in Cyprus. She runs the Glorious Greek Kitchen Cooking School on the Blue-Zone Greek Island of Ikaria.

Kochilas received the IACP Jane Grigson Award for Excellence in Research for her book "The Glorious Foods of Greece" in 2002. In, 2015, her book "Ikaria: Lessons of Food, Life & Longevity from the Greek Island Where People Forget to Die" won best cookbook in the IACP International Category, a Books for a Better Life Award, and was listed for an Art of Eating Award.

Bizarre Foods with Andrew Zimmern
Bizarre Foods with Andrew Zimmern is a travel and cuisine television show hosted by Andrew Zimmern on the Travel Channel in the US. The first season began on Monday, February 6, 2007, at 9pm ET/PT.

Bizarre Foods focuses on regional cuisine from around the world which is typically perceived as being disgusting, exotic or bizarre. In each episode, Zimmern focuses on the cuisine of a particular country or region. He typically shows how the food is procured, where it is served and, usually without hesitation, eats it.

Originally a one-hour documentary titled Bizarre Foods of Asia, repeated showings on the Travel Channel drew consistent, considerable audiences. In late 2006, TLC decided to turn the documentary into a weekly, one-hour show with the same premise and with Zimmern as the host. In 2009, Zimmern took a break from Bizarre Foods to work on one season of the spin-off Bizarre World.
Kia McNeill
Kia Janeen McNeill (born May 15, 1986) is an American retired professional soccer defender who most recently played for the Boston Breakers in the NWSL. She previously played for the Saint Louis Athletica, Philadelphia Independence, and the Atlanta Beat in the WPS and was a member of the United States U-23 women's national soccer team.

Boston Breakers
The Boston Breakers were an American professional women's soccer club based in the Boston neighborhood of Allston that played from 2009 to 2017. The team competed as the Boston area's professional women's soccer team in several leagues culminating in the National Women's Soccer League (NWSL). They were succeeded by Boston Legacy FC, which will begin play in 2026.

The Breakers played their home games at Jordan Field in Boston and were managed in their final season by Matt Beard.
Hanifa Malikova
Hanifa Malikova (née Abaeva; Azerbaijani: Hənifə Məlikova, née Abayeva; May 5, 1856 – May 2, 1929) was one of the first Muslim women in the Caucasus who received secular education. She  later married Hasan bey Zardabi, Azerbaijani journalist and intellectual, and actively participated in the publication of the first Azerbaijani language newspaper Akinchi alongside him between 1875 and 1877. Hanifa was also one of the first female educators in Azerbaijan; she worked at the Russian-Muslim girls' school in Baku and became the first principal of the Empress Alexandra Russian Muslim Boarding School for Girls.

Hasan bey Zardabi
Hasan bey Zardabi (Azerbaijani: Həsən bəy Zərdabi [hæsænˈbæj zæɾdɑˈbi]), born Hasan bey Salim bey oghlu Malikov (Azerbaijani: Həsən bəy Səlim bəy oğlu Məlikov [hæsænˈbæj sælimˈbæj oːˈlu ˈmælikof]; 28 June 1842 – 15 November 1907), was an Azerbaijani journalist and intellectual, founder of the first Azerbaijani language newspaper Akinchi ("The Ploughman") in 1875.
Bzyb (river)
The Bzyb or Bzipi (/bzɪb/ or /bzipi/; Georgian: ბზიფი; Abkhaz: Бзыԥ, romanized: Bzyṗ) is (along with the Kodori) one of the two longest rivers of Abkhazia and the twelfth longest river in Georgia. The river valley has rich biodiversity of herbaceous garden plants, particularly in the gorge section in the upper reaches where the most prominent and colourful bellflower Campanula mirabilis with profuse growth of 100 flowers per plant is given the name, the "Queen of the Abkhazian flora". During 1904-1917 it served as the border between the Russian Empire's Sukhumi Okrug and the Black Sea Governorate.

Campanula
Campanula (/kæmˈpænjʊlə/) is the type genus of the Campanulaceae family of flowering plants. Campanula are commonly known as bellflowers and take both their common and scientific names from the bell-shaped flowers—campanula is Latin for "little bell".

The genus includes over 500 species and several subspecies, distributed across the temperate and subtropical regions of the Northern Hemisphere, with centers of diversity in the Mediterranean region, Balkans, Caucasus and mountains of western Asia. The range also extends into mountains in tropical regions of Asia and Africa.

The species include annual, biennial and perennial plants, and vary in habit from dwarf arctic and alpine species under 5 cm high, to large temperate grassland and woodland species growing to 2 metres (6 ft 7 in) tall.
Kenneth Mackessack
Kenneth Mackessack DL (24 October 1902 – 18 October 1982) was a Scottish first-class cricketer and British Army officer. Mackessack served with the Seaforth Highlanders from 1923 to 1948, during which he served in British India and in the Second World War, in which he was wounded during the Battle of El Alamein. He served the remainder of the war as a military attaché in Washington, for which he was appointed to the Legion of Merit. During his military career he also played first-class cricket for the British Army cricket team, as well as for teams in British India. Following his retirement from the military, Mackessack served as the deputy lieutenant for Moray in 1954.

Battle of El Alamein
There were two Battles of El Alamein in World War II, both fought in 1942. The battles occurred during the North African campaign in Egypt, in and around an area named after a railway stop called El Alamein.

First Battle of El Alamein: 1–27 July 1942. The advance of Axis troops on Alexandria was blunted by the Allies, stopping the Italian and German forces that were trying to outflank the Allies' position

Second Battle of El Alamein: 23 October – 4 November 1942. This was an Allied victory that broke the Axis line, forced them all the way back to Tunisia, and led Winston Churchill to remark in 1950 that "It may almost be said, 'Before Alamein we never had a victory. After Alamein we never had a defeat.'"

In addition, the Battle of Alam el Halfa (30 August – 5 September 1942) was fought during the same period and in the same location.
The Perfect 10
The Perfect 10 is a sports documentary about the 10 Heisman Trophy winners who also got enshrined into the Pro Football Hall of Fame produced by Fox Sports Films, Tim Brown, Hall of Fame Village Media, H2H Productions, and NFL Films. The Perfect 10 premiered on February 11, 2023, at 8 P.M. on Fox, the night before Super Bowl LVII.

Tim Brown (American football)
Timothy Donell Brown (born July 22, 1966) is an American former professional football player who was a wide receiver in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish, where he won the Heisman Trophy, becoming the first wide receiver to do so. He spent sixteen years with the Los Angeles / Oakland Raiders, during which he established himself as one of the NFL's greatest wide receivers of all time. Brown also played for the Tampa Bay Buccaneers. In 2015, he was inducted into the Pro Football Hall of Fame.

As of 2023, Brown serves as the league chairman and commissioner of The Arena League, an indoor football league that began play in 2024.
Sergio Jacobini
Sergio Jacobini was an Italian tennis player.

Jacoboni was a four-time national doubles champion from Rome, active on tour in the 1950s and 1960s. He was singles champion at Aix-en-Provence in 1955. At the 1957 French Championships he had a win over ninth-seed Pierre Darmon en route to the fourth round. In 1961 he was a member of Italy's Davis Cup squad for the Challenge Round final in Melbourne, as an unused reserve to Nicola Pietrangeli and Orlando Sirola. He made the fourth round at Roland Garros again in 1962 and won the first set against top seed Rod Laver, before losing in four.

Nicola Pietrangeli
Nicola Chirinsky Pietrangeli (Italian pronunciation: [niˈkɔːla pjeˈtrandʒeli]; born Chirinsky; 11 September 1933 – 1 December 2025) was an Italian tennis player. He won two singles titles at the French Championships and is considered by many to be one of Italy's greatest tennis champions.
Linda Cardinal
Linda Cardinal OC FRSC (born July 13, 1959) is a Franco-Ontarian political scientist. She is a University Professor and a Canada Research Chair in Canadian Francophonie and Public Policies at the University of Ottawa. Cardinal was elected a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada in 2013 and honoured with the Ordre des Palmes Académiques and Member of the Order of Canada. She was also the first coordinator of the francophone studies program at the University of Ottawa.

Ordre des Palmes académiques
The Ordre des Palmes académiques (French pronunciation: [ɔʁdʁ de palm(z‿)akademik]; French for 'Order of Academic Palms') is a national order bestowed by the French Republic on distinguished academics and teachers and for valuable service to universities, education and science.

Originally established in 1808 by Emperor of the French Napoleon as a decoration to honour eminent members of the University of Paris, it was changed into its current form as an order of merit on 4 October 1955 by President René Coty, making it one of the oldest civil honours bestowed by the French Republic.
1969–70 in Belgian football
The 1969–70 season was the 67th season of competitive football in Belgium. Standard Club Liégeois won their 5th Division I title. RSC Anderlechtois reached the final of the Inter-Cities Fairs Cup and Standard Club Liégeois reached the quarter-finals of the European Champion Clubs' Cup. This was the first time a Belgian club reached the final of a European club competition. RFC Brugeois won the Belgian Cup final against  Division II club R Daring Club Molenbeek (6-1). The Belgium national football team finished their 1970 FIFA World Cup qualification campaign and qualified for the 1970 FIFA World Cup finals in Mexico. They won 1 game out of 3 in the first round and finished 3rd of their group.

Belgian Second Division
The Belgian Second Division was the second-highest division in the Belgian football league system, one level below the Belgian Pro League. It was founded by the Royal Belgian Football Association in 1909 and folded in 2016, when it was replaced by the Belgian First Division B (known as the Proximus League for sponsorship reasons)).
Roll forming
Roll forming, also spelled roll-forming or rollforming, is a type of rolling involving the continuous bending of a long strip of sheet metal (typically coiled steel) into a desired cross-section. The strip passes through sets of rolls mounted on consecutive stands, each set performing only an incremental part of the bend, until the desired cross-section (profile) is obtained. Roll forming is ideal for producing constant-profile parts with long lengths and in large quantities.

Bending (metalworking)
Bending is a manufacturing process that produces a V-shape, U-shape, or channel shape along a straight axis in ductile materials, most commonly sheet metal. Commonly used equipment include box and pan brakes, brake presses, and other specialized machine presses. Typical products that are made like this are boxes such as electrical enclosures and rectangular ductwork.
Nobeoka Domain
Nobeoka Domain (延岡藩, Nobeoka-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, in what is now central Miyazaki Prefecture. It was centered around Nobeoka Castle in what is now the city of Nobeoka, Miyazaki and was ruled by the fudai daimyō Naitō clan for much of its later of its history. In its early history, it was called Agata Domain (縣藩, Agata-han)

Fudai daimyō
Fudai daimyō (譜代大名) was a class of daimyō (大名) in the Tokugawa Shogunate (徳川幕府) of Japan who were hereditary vassals of the Tokugawa before the Battle of Sekigahara. Fudai daimyō and their descendants filled the ranks of the Tokugawa administration in opposition to the tozama daimyō and held most of the power in Japan during the Edo period.
Orconectes packardi
Orconectes packardi, the Appalachian cave crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the family Cambaridae. It is endemic to Kentucky, where it is found in 16 caves in four southeastern counties in the Cumberland River basin.

Formerly a subspecies of O. australis, it was raised to species status by Buhay and Crandall in 2008.

Orconectes australis
Orconectes australis, the southern cave crayfish, is a species of crayfish in the Cambaridae family found in Alabama and Tennessee. Ages of 176 years have been claimed for O. australis, though this was reduced to ≤22 years in a 2012 study.

Media related to Orconectes australis at Wikimedia Commons
Waynea
Waynea is a genus of lichen-forming fungi in the family Ramalinaceae. The genus was established in 1990 by the Swedish lichenologist Roland Moberg and named after the Wayne family who helped organize his collecting trip to California, where he collected the type species. The tiny lichens in Waynea form patches made up of scale-like lobes less than half a millimetre across, with powdery cushions that help them spread without sexual reproduction. The genus contains six species. Most records are from southern and western Europe, particularly around the Mediterranean region, but it has also been reported from Russia (including Siberia) and western North America. Species of Waynea are corticolous, growing on the bark of trees and other woody plants (often oaks) in small patches that can coalesce into mats only a few millimetres wide.

Mediterranean basin
In biogeography, the Mediterranean basin (/ˌmɛdɪtəˈreɪniən/ MED-ih-tə-RAY-nee-ən), also known as the Mediterranean region or sometimes Mediterranea, is the region of lands around the Mediterranean Sea that mostly have a Mediterranean climate, with mild to cool, rainy winters and warm to hot, dry summers, which supports characteristic Mediterranean forests, woodlands, and scrub vegetation.
Aangan (1982 film)
Aangan (Urdu: آنگن, lit. 'The Patio') is a 1982 Pakistani film it written by Sofia Sultana and directed by Nazar-ul-Islam it was produced by A. Waheed Murad. It stars Nadeem, Babra Sharif and Bindiya in leading roles.

Bindiya (Pakistani actress)
Bindiya is a Pakistani actress and singer. She is known for her roles in dramas Noor Bano, Nadamat, Samundar, Thakan, and Meri Behan Maya, and has also acted in Urdu and Punjabi films, including Begum Jaan, Awaz, Pakeeza, Behan Bhai, Ek Din Bahu Ka, and Joora. She is one of the most popular actress of her time and was one of the most successful actresses of the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s.
Nicholas Brody
Nicholas Brody, played by actor Damian Lewis, is a fictional character on the American television series Homeland on Showtime, created by Alex Gansa and Howard Gordon. Brody is a United States Marine Corps Private who is held as a prisoner of war by al-Qaeda terrorists for eight years. Following his rescue and return home, Brody is hailed as a war hero and promoted to Gunnery Sergeant. However, a CIA officer, Carrie Mathison, suspects that Brody was turned by al-Qaeda, and tries to stop him from potentially committing a terrorist act. For his performance in the first season, Lewis won the Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series.

Gunnery sergeant
Gunnery sergeant (GySgt)  is the seventh enlisted rank in the United States Marine Corps, above staff sergeant and below master sergeant and first sergeant, and is a staff non-commissioned officer (SNCO). It has a pay grade of E-7. Gunnery sergeants are commonly referred by the nickname "Gunny".

The gunnery sergeant insignia consists of two M1 Garands centered vertically between three chevrons and two rockers.
Oklahoma Conservation Commission
The Oklahoma Conservation Commission is an agency of the government of Oklahoma under the Governor of Oklahoma. It is the duty of the Commission to conserve Oklahoma's land and water. The Commission is also responsible for upstream flood control protection, a state-funded conservation cost-share program, reclamation of abandoned mine land and non point source water quality monitoring, planning, and management, in addition to a variety of educational and informational activities.

The Commissison is composed of five members, appointed by the Governor with the consent of the Oklahoma Senate. The Commission, in turn, appoints an Executive Director to manage the day-to-day operations of the Commission.

The Commission was created in 1971 during the term of Governor David Hall.

Oklahoma Senate
The Oklahoma Senate is the upper house of the two houses of the Legislature of Oklahoma, the other being the Oklahoma House of Representatives. The total number of senators is set at 48 by the Oklahoma Constitution.

Senators approve or reject gubernatorial appointments, and contribute to the creation of both state law and an annual state budget. Every ten years, they aid in drawing new boundaries for Oklahoma's electoral districts. The Oklahoma Senate also serves as a court of impeachment.

The presiding officer of the Senate is the lieutenant governor of Oklahoma, who is the president of the Senate. Since the 1960s, the president pro tempore of the Senate has presided over daily work. Prior to that time, the president of the Senate took a leading role in the Senate, including appointing committees and members to those committees. The president of the Senate may cast a vote only in the instance of a tie vote and may not vote to create a tie.
Homalosorus
Homalosorus is a genus of fern with only one species, Homalosorus pycnocarpos. It may also be referred to by its older synonyms Athyrium pycnocarpon and Diplazium pycnocarpon. Commonly referred to as the narrow-leaved glade fern, narrow-leaved-spleenwort, or glade fern, it is endemic to eastern North America and typically grows in moist woodlands. Once classified in the family Athyriaceae due to its linear, often doubled sori, in the Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group classification of 2016 (PPG I), it is placed in the small family Diplaziopsidaceae, whose other three species are native to east Asia. Other sources place the genus in the subfamily Diplaziopsidoideae of a very broadly defined family Aspleniaceae, equivalent to the suborder Aspleniineae in PPG I.

Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group
The Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group (PPG) is an informal international group of systematic botanists who collaborate to establish on the classification of pteridophytes (lycophytes and ferns) that reflects knowledge about plant relationships discovered through phylogenetic studies. In 2016, the group published a classification for extant pteridophytes, termed "PPG I". The paper had 94 authors (26 principal and 68 additional).
The classification was presented as a consensus classification supported by the community of fern taxonomists. Alternative classifications of ferns exist and are preferred by some.
70th Sydney Film Festival
The 70th annual Sydney Film Festival was held from 7 to 18 June 2023. Warwick Thornton's drama film The New Boy opened the festival and James Mangold's action adventure film Indiana Jones and the Dial of Destiny was the closing film.

Asmae El Moudir's documentary film The Mother of All Lies won the Sydney Film Prize.

Asmae El Moudir
Asmae El Moudir (Arabic: أسماء المدير; born 16 February 1990 in Salé) is a Moroccan film director, screenwriter and producer. She gained great recognition and national and international fame through her successful documentary The Mother of All Lies, for which she also won several awards.
Wakarusa War
The Wakarusa War was an armed standoff that took place in the Kansas Territory during November and December 1855. It is often cited by historians as the first instance of violence during the "Bleeding Kansas" conflict between anti-slavery and pro-slavery factions in the region.

The incident took place in Douglas County, centered on the Wakarusa River Valley and the town of Lawrence, where the opposing militias confronted each other for the first time. At the behest of Territorial Governor Wilson Shannon, the two sides eventually agreed to a truce, but it was short-lived, and widespread violence resumed the following spring.

Wilson Shannon
Wilson Shannon (February 24, 1802 – August 30, 1877) was an American attorney and Democratic Party politician from Ohio. He served one term in the  U.S. House of Representatives and was the 14th and 16th governor of Ohio. He was the first Ohio governor born in the state. He was the second governor of the Kansas Territory. He failed to stop an attack by pro-slavery forces and retaliation ensued. He fled and submitted a resignation letter before receiving official news of his firing. Earlier in his career he filed sued for past due loans against Franklin College and helped bankrupt and close down the abolitionist institution before starting a rival institution which failed. Franklin College was re-established.
Pauline Mayman
Eve Pauline Mayman (née Vaughton; 1928–1989) was a British rally car driver who drove professionally in the male-dominated world of rallying. Mayman was navigator with Pat Moss during the 1962 season, along with being her own driver. Notably winning the Baden-Baden rally with Moss, in a Mini; the two also came in third in the Geneva Rally. In Moss's signature car, the Austin-Healey 3000, they were second in the Polish Rally and third in the Alpine and RAC Rallies.

Mayman, in 1964, was part of a serious accident in Rally Monte Carlo. Her car was hit by a farmer’s truck, and she suffered a broken leg. The Alpine Rally was her first race after the accident where she placed thirteenth, sixth in the Touring class, and first lady, driving a Mini with Valerie Domleo. She also drove in the Spa-Sofia-Liège marathon rally and RAC Rally, in an MGB.

After retiring, Pauline helped run the family autoparts business. She was also involved with the breeding and rescuing of Irish Wolfhounds.

Pat Moss
Patricia Ann Moss-Carlsson (née Moss; 27 December 1934 – 14 October 2008) was one of the most successful female auto rally drivers of all time, achieving three outright wins and seven podium finishes in international rallies. She was crowned European Ladies' Rally Champion five times (1958, 1960, 1962, 1964–65). Her older brother Stirling Moss was a Formula One Grand Prix star during the 1950s.  From 1963 until her death in 2008, Swedish rally driver Erik Carlsson was both her driving-partner and her husband.

She is the author of a memoir The Story So Far (1967) and, with her husband, co-author of The Art and Technique of Driving (1965).