hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Hermann Pálsson
Hermann Pálsson (26 May 1921 – 11 August 2002) was an Icelandic language scholar and translator, "one of the most distinguished scholars of Icelandic studies of his generation". Often working in collaboration with others such as Magnus Magnusson or Paul Edwards, he translated around 40 works of medieval Icelandic literature.

Icelandic literature
Icelandic literature refers to literature written in Iceland or by Icelandic people. It is best known for the sagas written in medieval times, starting in the 13th century. As Icelandic and Old Norse are almost the same, and because Icelandic works constitute most of Old Norse literature, Old Norse literature is often considered a subset of Icelandic literature. However, works by Norwegians are present in the standard reader Sýnisbók íslenzkra bókmennta til miðrar átjándu aldar, compiled by Sigurður Nordal on the grounds that the language was the same.
Rise Station
Rise Station (Norwegian: Rise stasjon) is a railway station at Rise in Arendal, Norway. Located on the Arendal Line, it is served by the Go-Ahead Norge. The station opened as the terminus of the Grimstad Line in 1907; the following year it became a transfer station to the Arendal Line. It then received a station building designed by Paul Armin Due. In 1935 and 1936, the lines were converted from narrow gauge to standard gauge, although for a year the station served as a break-of-gauge station. The Grimstad Line closed in 1961 and in 1983 the station was unstaffed.

Paul Armin Due
Paul Armin Due (1870–1926) was a Norwegian architect

Paul Franz Wilhelm Armin Due was the son the renowned architect Paul Due. He graduated from Leibniz University Hannover in 1896 and spent two years working in Germany before returning to Norway to work for his father's architecture firm. The firm was at that time particularly engaged in the design of station buildings for the State railways. Until 1910 he designed a number of the stations built by the Norwegian State Railways, including virtually all stations north of Levanger Station on Hell–Sunnanbanen and many stations on Bergensbanen, including all those in Hallingdal. His stations are predominantly Jugendstil and simple North-German new renaissance.

Paul Armin Due established an independent architectural practice in Christiania in 1911, and carried out several villas in Aker Municipality. From 1916, he worked for the city of Christiania.
Haydn Tanner
Haydn Tanner (9 January 1917 – 5 June 2009) was a Welsh international rugby union player who represented both Wales and the British and Irish Lions. At club level, he played for several top-flight teams, including Bristol, Cardiff, Swansea, London Welsh and the Barbarians.

Swansea RFC
Swansea Rugby Football Club is a Welsh rugby union team which plays in the Super Rygbi Cymru. The club play at St Helen's Rugby and Cricket Ground in Swansea and are also known as The Whites, in reference to their home kit colours.
Ramayan (1954 film)
Ramayan is a 1954 Hindi religious film based on Valmiki's Ramayana, produced and directed by Vijay Bhatt for Prakash Pictures. The music directors were Shankar Rao Vyas and Hariprasanna Das and the lyrics were written by Ramesh Gupta, Pandit Indra, Neelkanth Tiwari, Baalam Pardesi. The film starred Prem Adib and Shobhana Samarth once again as Rama and Sita. The two actors had earlier acted in a trilogy of Bhatt's films based on the Ramayana, Bharat Milap (1942), Ram Rajya (1943) and Rambaan (1946). All three had been extremely successful, with the audience accepting them in the traditional roles. The other costars included  Shahu Modak, Durga Khote, and Umakant.

The story revolved around the latter part of the epic Ramayana, focussing on Rama and Sita's twin sons Luv and Kusha.

Shobhna Samarth
Shobhana Samarth (née Saroj Shilotri; 17 November 1916 – 9 February 2000) was an Indian director, actress and producer, who began her career in the early days of talkie movies in the Hindi film industry and continued in lead roles into the 1950s.

She started in Marathi cinema. Her first Hindi film, Nigahen Nafrat, was released in 1935. She is best remembered for her portrayal of Sita in Ram Rajya (1943). In 1997, she was honoured with the Filmfare Special Award for her contribution to the arts.

Samarth later produced and directed a pair of movies that launched the careers of her daughters, Nutan and Tanuja.
Stralsund Rügendamm station
Stralsund Rügendamm (German: Bahnhof Stralsund Rügendamm) is a railway station in the city of Stralsund, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Germany. The station lies on the Stralsund-Sassnitz railway and the train services are operated by Ostdeutsche Eisenbahn GmbH.

Stralsund–Sassnitz railway
Stralsund–Sassnitz railway is a railway line, most of which is located on the German island of Rügen and which is its most important railway. The line is the northernmost German section of the route from Berlin to Stockholm.
Wiener-Dog (film)
Wiener-Dog is a 2016 American anthology comedy film directed and written by Todd Solondz. Starring an ensemble cast led by Ellen Burstyn, Kieran Culkin, Julie Delpy, Danny DeVito, Greta Gerwig, Tracy Letts, and Zosia Mamet, the film is a spin-off from Solondz's 1995 film Welcome to the Dollhouse, which also features the character of Dawn Wiener. The film is also inspired by the 1966 French drama Au hasard Balthazar, directed by Robert Bresson.

The film had its world premiere at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival on January 22, 2016. before receiving a limited release on June 24, 2016, by Amazon Studios and IFC Films.

Amazon MGM Studios
Amazon MGM Studios is an American film and television production and distribution company owned by Amazon, and headquartered at the Culver Studios complex in Culver City, California. Launched in November 2010 as Amazon Studios, the company adopted its name in October 2023 after its merger with MGM Holdings, which Amazon had acquired the year prior.

Productions from the studio are primarily distributed through theaters and Amazon's own streaming media service, Amazon Prime Video.

Alongside Amazon Prime Video, the company constitutes one half of Amazon's membership in the Motion Picture Association (MPA), which it joined in October 2024.
Alliance for Healthcare Education
The Alliance for Healthcare Education is a non-profit organization associated with the CoxHealth, Missouri State University, Ozarks Technical Community College, and Springfield Public Schools in Springfield, Missouri.

CoxHealth
CoxHealth is a six-hospital, 1,074 bed not-for-profit healthcare system headquartered in Springfield, Missouri. It serves a 25 county region of Southwest Missouri and Northwest Arkansas. CoxHealth is Springfield's largest employer, and the 9th largest non-governmental employer in the state of Missouri, with more than 14,000 people employed throughout the system.
Katie McGrath
Katie McGrath (/məˈɡrɑː/) is an Irish actress. On television, she has portrayed Morgana Pendragon in BBC One's Merlin (2008–2012), Lucy Westenra on the British-American series Dracula (2013–2014), Saskia in the TV series Secret Bridesmaids Business, Sarah Bennett in the first season of the horror anthology series Slasher (2016), and Lena Luthor on the superhero series Supergirl (2016–2021). Her film roles include Thelma Furness in the drama film W.E. and Jules Daly in the Christmas movie A Princess for Christmas (2011), Zara Young in the science fiction adventure film Jurassic World (2015), and Elsa in the epic fantasy film King Arthur: Legend of the Sword (2017).

Lucy Westenra
Lucy Westenra is a fictional character in the 1897 novel Dracula by Bram Stoker. She is the 19-year-old daughter of a wealthy family and is Mina Murray's best friend. Early in the story, Lucy gets proposed to by three suitors, Arthur Holmwood, John Seward, and Quincey Morris, on the same day. Turning the latter two down due to already being in love with Arthur, she accepts his proposal. Before getting the chance to marry, Lucy becomes Count Dracula's first English victim, and despite Seward contacting Abraham Van Helsing for help, she transforms into a vampire. Following her return as a vampire and attacks on children—dubbed the "Bloofer Lady" by them—she is eventually cornered into her crypt by Van Helsing and her suitors who destroy her, putting her soul to rest.

Lucy has appeared in the majority of adaptations of Stoker's novel, although many aspects of her character are changed, such as she and Mina having their names switched; one example being the 1927 stage play.
James Mitchell (basketball)
James Robert Mitchell (born 15 January 1991) is an Australian professional basketball player for the Cairns Marlins of the NBL1 North. Between 2010 and 2016, he was based in his hometown of Cairns playing for the Marlins in the QBL and the Taipans in the NBL. Between 2017 and 2019, he played three seasons for the Rockhampton Rockets in the QBL and spent a season in England with the Sheffield Sharks. In 2021, he re-joined the Marlins.

Cairns Marlins
The Cairns Marlins are an Australian basketball team based in Cairns, Queensland. The Marlins compete in the men's NBL1 North and play their home games at Early Settler Stadium. The team is affiliated with Cairns Basketball Inc. (CBI), the major administrative basketball organisation in the region. CBI's women's team is the Cairns Dolphins.
KDB Waspada
KDB Waspada (P-02) / KRI Salawaku (842) is the second ship of Waspada class built up in the late 1970s, one of three ordered in Singapore. She was launched in 1977, and was in service with the Royal Brunei Navy until 2011, when she was sold to the Indonesian Navy. She is currently active in Indonesia service as KRI Salawaku.

KDB Seteria
KDB Seteria (P-04) is the third ship of Waspada-class built up in the late 1970s, one of three ordered in Singapore. She was launched on 1978, and is still in active service with the Royal Brunei Navy.
Aspergillus candidus
Aspergillus candidus (also called A. triticus, A. albus, and A. okazakii) is a white-spored species of fungus in the genus Aspergillus. Despite its lack of pigmentation, it is closely related to the most darkly pigmented aspergilli in the Aspergillus niger group. It is a common soil fungus worldwide and is known as a contaminant of a wide array of materials from the indoor environment to foods and products. It is an uncommon agent of onychomycosis and aspergillosis. The species epithet candidus (L.) refers to the white pigmentation of colonies of this fungus. It is from the Candidi section. The fungi in the Candidi section are known for their white spores. It has been isolated from wheat flour, djambee, and wheat grain.

Aspergillus
Aspergillus (/ˌæspərˈdʒɪləs/) is a genus consisting of several hundred mold species found in various climates worldwide.

Aspergillus was first catalogued in 1729 by the Italian priest and biologist Pier Antonio Micheli. Viewing the fungi under a microscope, Micheli was reminded of the shape of an aspergillum (holy water sprinkler), from Latin spargere (to sprinkle), and named the genus accordingly. Aspergillum is an asexual spore-forming structure common to all Aspergillus species; around one-third of species are also known to have a sexual stage. While some species of Aspergillus are known to cause fungal infections, others are of commercial importance.
Carmen Sandiego (video game series)
Carmen Sandiego is a series of American educational mystery video games that spawned an edutainment franchise of the same name. The game released in 1985, Where in the World Is Carmen Sandiego?, started off both the video game series and the franchise as a whole, which has continued up to the present day. Each game of the series has a particular theme and subject, where the player must use their knowledge to find Carmen Sandiego or any of her innumerable henchmen. This series was originally owned by Broderbund, but is now owned by Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. Since its initial release the series has won over 125 awards and accolades. By 1992, Carmen Sandiego games had sold 2 million copies.

Houghton Mifflin Harcourt
Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Company (HMH)
(/ˈhoʊtən/,
HOH-tən)
is an American publisher of textbooks, instructional technology materials, assessments, and reference works. The company is based in the Boston Financial District. It was formerly known as the Houghton Mifflin Company, but it changed its name following the 2007 acquisition of Harcourt Publishing. Before March 2010, it was a subsidiary of Education Media and Publishing Group Limited, an Irish-owned holding company registered in the Cayman Islands and formerly known as Riverdeep. In 2022, it was acquired by Veritas Capital, a New York–based private-equity firm.
Joseph Taylor (folk singer)
Joseph Taylor (10 September 1833 – 4 May 1910), was a folk singer from Saxby-All-Saints, Lincolnshire, England, who became the first English folk singer to be commercially recorded after coming to the attention of the composer and musicologist Percy Grainger.

He popularised obscure and unique songs including "Brigg Fair", "Rufford Park Poachers" and "The White Hare", and sang influential versions of well-known songs and ballads such as "Lord Bateman" and "The Sprig of Thyme". His songs were arranged by classical composers including Grainger and Frederick Delius, and recorded by folk revival musicians beginning in the British folk revival of the 1960s.

His singing was recorded by Grainger onto wax cylinders, which have been digitised and made available online by the British Library Sound Archive as part of the Percy Grainger Collection.

British Library Sound Archive
The British Library Sound Archive, formerly the British Institute of Recorded Sound; also known as the National Sound Archive (NSA), in London, England is among the largest collections of recorded sound in the world, including music, spoken word and ambient recordings. It holds more than six million recordings, including over a million discs and 200,000 tapes. These include commercial record releases (chiefly from the UK), radio broadcasts (many from the BBC Sound Archive), and privately made recordings. Due to the 2023 cyberattack on the British Library, the sound archive's catalogue is currently unavailable.
Adelbert Ames Jr.
Adelbert Ames Jr. (August 19, 1880 – July 3, 1955) was an American scientist who made contributions to physics, physiology, ophthalmology, psychology, and philosophy. He pioneered the study of physiological optics at Dartmouth College, serving as a research professor, then as director of research at the Dartmouth Eye Institute. He conducted important research into aspects of binocular vision, including cyclophoria and aniseikonia. Ames is perhaps best known for constructing illusions of visual perception, most notably the Ames room and  the Ames window. He was a leading light in the Transactionalist School of psychology and also made contributions to social psychology.

Binocular vision
Within the science of vision, binocular vision focuses on the question of how humans and animals perceive the world with two eyes instead of one. Two main areas are distinguished: directional vision and depth perception (stereopsis). In addition, both eyes can positively or negatively influence each other's vision through binocular interaction.

In medical science, binocular vision refers to binocular vision disorders and tests and exercises to improve binocular vision. In biology, binocular vision refers to the fact that the placement of the eyes affects the capabilities of depth perception and directional vision in animals. In society, binocular vision refers to applications for seeing stereoscopic images and aids for binocular vision.
Kent Carlsson
Kent Carlsson (born 3 January 1968) is a former tennis player from Sweden. A seasoned claycourter, he won all nine of his ATP tour singles titles on the surface, including the 1988 Hamburg Masters. Carlsson achieved a career-high singles ranking of World No. 6 in September 1988.

Thomas Johansson
Karl Thomas Conny Johansson (pronounced [ˈtʊ̌mːas ˈjûːanˌsɔn]; born 24 March 1975) is a Swedish tennis coach and a former professional player. He reached a career-high Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) world No. 7 singles ranking in May 2002. His career highlights in singles include a major title at the 2002 Australian Open, and a Masters title at the 1999 Canada Masters. He also won a silver medal at the 2008 Beijing Olympics in men's doubles, partnering Simon Aspelin. As of 2025, Johansson remains the last Swedish man to win a major in singles.

Johansson was the coach of Sorana Cîrstea from 2022 to early 2024. From early 2024 to September 2025, he was also the coach of Kei Nishikori. He is currently coaching Daniil Medvedev.
Maxim Trunev
Maxim Rudolfovich Trunev (Russian: Максим Рудольфович Трунев; born September 7, 1990) is a Russian professional ice hockey winger who is an unrestricted free agent. He was selected in the fifth round, 138th overall, by the Montreal Canadiens in the 2008 NHL Entry Draft.

2008 NHL entry draft
The 2008 NHL entry draft was the 46th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was hosted by the Ottawa Senators at Scotiabank Place in Ottawa, Ontario, on June 20–21, 2008. The Senators were originally awarded the 2005 NHL entry draft, but because of the lockout, that draft was scaled back significantly from its usual format of being open to the public and having many draft-eligible players in attendance. The actual 2005 drafting was held in Ottawa's Westin Hotel instead of the Corel Centre. As a result of 2005's abridged draft, Ottawa was compensated with the 2008 draft.

As of 2025, there are 19 active NHL players from this draft.
2007 Swazi general strike
The 2007 Swazi general strike started on 25 July, 2007, and lasted 2 days. The strike was led by a coalition between the Swaziland Federation of Trade Unions (SFTU), the Swaziland Federation of Labour (SFL), and the Swaziland National Association of Teachers (SNAT). They planned to stage a two-hour full stoppage of public life every month until the incumbent absolute monarch Mswati III gave in to their demands: multi-party elections, that there be a reduction of taxes on workers, and an end to absolute monarchy in Eswatini.

Over the two-day strike, tens of thousands of villagers from around the country converged on Manzini and Mbabane to march for democratic reform. Isolated instances of violence and looting were met with riot police and water cannons.

Mbabane
Mbabane (/ˌʌmbɑːˈbɑːneɪ/) is the most populous city in Eswatini (previously called Swaziland), and is one of the two capitals (along with Lobamba), serving as the executive capital.

It has an estimated population of 94,874 (2010). It is located on the Mbabane River and its tributary the Polinjane River in the Mdzimba Mountains. It is located in the Hhohho Region, of which it is also the capital. The average elevation of the city is 1,243 meters. It lies on the MR3 road.
PNS Himalaya
The Pakistan Navy Station Himalaya (reporting name: PNS Himalaya), is a naval base located in Manora Island, off the coast of Karachi coast, Sindh, Pakistan.

The PNS Himalaya is primarily responsible for conducting the initial orientation of incoming recruits, also known as boot camp and distinguished itself as "Home of Armed Forces Diving School".

The naval base is namesake after the famous Himalaya Mountain Range in Northern Pakistan.

Port of Karachi
The Port of Karachi (Urdu: کراچی بندرگاہ, Bandar gāh Karāchī) is one of South Asia's largest and busiest deep-water seaports, located in Karachi, Pakistan. Handling about 60% of the nation's cargo (25 million tons per annum), the port is located on the Karachi Harbour, between Kiamari Azra Langri, Manora, and Kakapir, and close to Karachi's main business district and several industrial areas. The geographic position of the port places it in close proximity to major shipping routes such as the Strait of Hormuz. It is also ideally located to offer gateway services to the maritime trade for the Central Asian Republics (CARs). The administration of the port is carried out by the Karachi Port Trust, which was established in 1857.
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice (UK)
Generally Accepted Accounting Practice in the UK, or UK GAAP or GAAP (UK), is the overall body of regulation establishing how company accounts must be prepared in the United Kingdom. Company accounts must also be prepared in accordance with applicable company law (for UK companies, the Companies Act 2006; for companies in the Channel Islands and the Isle of Man, companies law applicable to those jurisdictions).

Generally accepted accounting practice is a statutory term in the UK Taxes Acts. The abbreviation "GAAP" is also accepted as an abbreviation for the term used in other jurisdictions, Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, or Generally Accepted Accounting Policies.

Financial Reporting Council
The Financial Reporting Council (FRC) is an independent regulator in the UK and Ireland based in London Wall in the City of London, responsible for regulating auditors, accountants and actuaries, and setting the UK's Corporate Governance and Stewardship Codes. The FRC seeks to promote transparency and integrity in business by aiming its work at investors and others who rely on company reports, audits and high-quality risk management.

In December 2018, an independent review of the FRC, led by Sir John Kingman, recommended its replacement by a new Audit, Reporting and Governance Authority, a recommendation that the government agreed to follow in March 2019 but later delayed.

Ireland adopted the FRC's auditing framework in 2017.
Svyatoslav Belza
Svyatoslav Igorevich Belza (Russian: Святосла́в И́горевич Бэ́лза; 26 April 1942 – 3 June 2014) was a Soviet Russian literary and musical scholar, critic and essayist, and a prominent TV personality who's launched and hosted several TV programs aimed at popularizing classical music, theatre, and ballet, including Music on Air and Masterpieces of the World Music Theatre. Belza has received high-profiled honors in three countries, among them the Russian Order of Merit for the Fatherland, the Order of Merit of the Republic of Poland, and the Ukrainian Order of Saint Nicholas.

Order "For Merit to the Fatherland"
The Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" (Russian: Орден «За заслуги перед Отечеством», romanized: Orden "Za zaslugi pered Otechestvom") is a state decoration of the Russian Federation. It was instituted on 2 March 1994 by Presidential Decree 442.  Until the re-establishment of the Order of St. Andrew in 1998, it was the highest order of the Russian Federation. The order's status was modified on 6 January 1999 by Presidential Decree 19 and again on 7 September 2010 by Presidential Decree 1099.
Georgian–Seljuk wars
The Georgian–Seljuk wars (Georgian: საქართველო-სელჩუკთა ომები, romanized: sakartvelo-selchuk'ta omebi), also known as Georgian Crusade, is a long series of battles and military clashes that took place from 1064 until 1213, between the Kingdom of Georgia and the different Seljukid states that occupied most of South Caucasus. The conflict is preceded by deadly raids in the Caucasus by the Turks in the 11th century, known in Georgian historiography as the Great Turkish Invasion.

Great Turkish Invasion
In Georgian historiography, the Great Turkish Invasion, also translated as the Great Turkish Troubles (Georgian: დიდი თურქობა, romanized: didi turkoba), refers to the continuous attacks and settlement of the Seljuq-led Turkic tribes in the Georgian lands during the reign of George II in the 1080s. The term has its origin in the 12th-century Georgian chronicle and is accepted in the modern scholarship of Georgia. The Seljuq invasions resulted in a severe crisis in the kingdom of Georgia, leaving several of its provinces depopulated and weakening the royal authority, until the tide was reversed by the military victories of King David IV (r. 1089–1125).