hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Wacław Świerzawski
Wacław Józef Świerzawski (14 May 1927 – 7 October 2017) was a Roman Catholic bishop and professor.

Świerzawski was born in Złoczów, Poland (now Zolochiv, Ukraine). He was ordained to the priesthood on 11 December 1949; he received a master's degree in theology from Jagiellonian University and one in canon law from the Academy of Catholic Theology in Warsaw, in addition to a doctorate from the College of Sant'Anselmo in 1968. In 1981, he was appointed associate professor of the Pontifical Faculty of Theology; he was later given tenure in 1988. He would serve as Chair of Homiletics at the Metropolitan Seminary of Kraków between 1975 and 1986.

He served as bishop of the Diocese of Sandomierz from 28 April 1992 to October 2002 and died on 7 October 2017; his funeral was held on 15 and 16 October. During his life, Świerzawski authored 64 books and over 1,300 articles regarding theology.

Zolochiv, Lviv Oblast
Zolochiv (Ukrainian: Золочів, IPA: [ˈzɔlotʃiu̯] ⓘ; Polish: Złoczów; German: Solotschiw; Yiddish: זלאָטשאָוו, romanized: Zlotshov) is a small city in Lviv Oblast, western Ukraine, and the administrative center of Zolochiv Raion. It hosts the administration of Zolochiv urban hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine. The city is located 60 kilometres (37 mi) east of Lviv along Highway H02 Lviv-Ternopil and the railway line Krasne-Ternopil. It has a population of 23,912 (2022 estimate), covering an area of 1,164 square kilometres (449 sq mi)
Seagulls Over Sorrento (play)
Seagulls Over Sorrento is a play by Hugh Hastings, an Australian who had served in the Royal Navy during the Second World War.

It was first staged for a single performance at the Comedy Theatre in London's West End in 1949 before embarking on a lengthy run of 1,551 performances between 14 June 1950 and 13 March 1954 mainly at the Apollo Theatre and then transferring briefly to the Duchess Theatre. The West End cast included John Gregson (replaced by Gordon Jackson), Nigel Stock, Bernard Lee, Ronald Shiner and William Hartnell. Shiner and Hartnell, in particular, were singled out for praised by critics. A Broadway version ran for only 12 performances at the John Golden Theatre.

Bernard Lee
John Bernard Lee (10 January 1908 – 16 January 1981) was an English actor, best known for his role as M in the first eleven Eon-produced James Bond films. Lee's film career spanned the years 1934 to 1979, though he had appeared on stage from the age of six. He was trained at the Royal Academy of Dramatic Art in London. Lee appeared in over one hundred films, as well as on stage and in television dramatisations. He was known for his roles as authority figures, often playing military characters or policemen in films such as The Third Man, The Blue Lamp, The Battle of the River Plate, and Whistle Down the Wind.
A. E. Clouston
Air Commodore Arthur Edmond Clouston, CB, DSO & Bar, DFC, AFC & Two Bars (7 April 1908 – 1 January 1984) was a New Zealand-born British test pilot and senior officer in the Royal Air Force. He took part in several air races and record-breaking flights in the 1930s.

Air commodore
Air commodore (Air Cdre or Air Cmde) is an air officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is also used by the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence and it is sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure.

Air commodore is immediately senior to group captain and immediately subordinate to air vice-marshal. It is usually equivalent to a commodore or a brigadier/brigadier general.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Women's Royal Air Force (until 1968) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (until 1980) was "air commandant".
OBike
oBike was a Singapore-registered stationless bicycle-sharing system started by businessmen Yi Shi and Edward Chen with operations in several countries. The bikes have a built-in Bluetooth lock and can therefore be left anywhere at the end of a journey, not just at a docking station. Users use a smartphone app to locate and rent bikes. It launched in Singapore in February 2017, and ceased operation on 25 June 2018 in Singapore. Subsequently, the parent company filed for insolvency in its home market. The effect on operations outside of Singapore is unknown.

The firm had expanded to 24 countries including Australia, Korea, Malaysia, Thailand, Taiwan, Austria, Belgium, France, Germany, Italy, the Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland, the United Kingdom.

Bicycle-sharing system
A bicycle-sharing system, bike share program, public bicycle scheme, or public bike share (PBS) scheme, is a shared transport service where bicycles or electric bicycles are available for shared use by individuals at low cost.

The programmes themselves include both docking and dockless systems; docking systems allow users to rent a bike from a dock (i.e. a technology-enabled bicycle rack) and return at another node or dock within the system, while dockless systems offer a node-free system relying on smart technology. In either format, systems may incorporate smartphone web mapping to locate available bikes and docks.

With its antecedents in grassroots mid-1960s efforts, by 2022, bike share schemes were offered by approximately 3,000 cities worldwide, including Dubai, New York, Paris, Mexico City, Montreal and Barcelona.
Thallium(I) iodide
Thallium(I) iodide is a chemical compound with the formula TlI.  It is exists as both a solid and high temperature red polymorph. Thallium(I) iodide is one of several water-insoluble metal iodides, along with AgI, CuI, SnI2, SnI4, PbI2, and HgI2.

Silver iodide
Silver iodide is an inorganic compound with the formula AgI.  The compound is a bright yellow salt, but samples almost always contain impurities of metallic silver that give a grey colouration.  The silver contamination arises because some samples of AgI can be highly photosensitive.  This property is exploited in silver-based photography.  Silver iodide is also used as an antiseptic and in cloud seeding.
Donidalorsen
Donidalorsen, sold under the brand name Dawnzera, is a medication used to prevent attacks of hereditary angioedema. Donidalorsen is a prekallikrein-directed antisense oligonucleotide. It is given by injection under the skin (subcutaneous).

Donidalorsen was approved for medical use in the United States in August 2025, and in the European Union in January 2026.

Prekallikrein
Prekallikrein (PK), also known as Fletcher factor, is an 85,000 Mr serine protease that complexes with high-molecular-weight kininogen. PK is the precursor of plasma kallikrein, which is a serine protease that activates kinins. PK is cleaved to produce kallikrein by activated Factor XII (Hageman factor).
Tasm and Jadis
Tasm and Jadis (Arabic: طسم وجديس) were two extinct Arab tribes that dominated the region of Al-Yamama in the Arabian Peninsula during ancient times. They are traditionally believed to have been descended from Shem, the son of the biblical patriarch Noah. Tasm and Jadis were active from around approximately 110 BCE until they were both entirely wiped out by the Himyarite Kingdom in the 6th century CE.

Al-Yamama
Al-Yamama (Arabic: اليَمامَة, romanized: al-Yamāma) is a historical region in south-eastern Najd in modern-day Saudi Arabia.

Only a handful of centralized states ever arose in the Yamama, but it figured prominently in early Islamic history, becoming a central theater in the Ridda wars immediately following Muhammad's death. Despite being incorporated into the Najd region, the term 'al-Yamama' remains in use as a traditional and historical term to reference or emphasize the region's ancient past. The current headquarters of the Saudi government in Riyadh, for example, is known as the Palace of Yamamah.
Phosphonium coupling
In organic chemistry, phosphonium coupling is a cross-coupling reaction for organic synthesis. It is a mild, efficient, chemoselective and versatile methodology for the formation of C–C, C–N, C–O, and C–S bond of unactivated and unprotected tautomerizable heterocycles. The method was originally reported in 2004. The C–OH bond of a tautomerizable heterocycle is activated with a phosphonium salt (PyBroP, PyBOP, BroP, or BOP), and subsequent functionalization with either a nucleophile through SNAr displacement or an organometallic through transition metal catalyzed cross coupling reaction. The in situ activation of the C-OH bond in phosphonium coupling has been applied to cross coupling reactions of tautomerizable heterocycles and arenols using other types of activating reagents.

Phosphonium coupling generates in situ a pseudo aryl or heteroaryl halide (the intermediate phosphonium species), which subsequently reacts with its coupling partner.

Cross-coupling reaction
In organic chemistry, a cross-coupling reaction is a reaction where two different fragments are joined. Cross-couplings are a subset of the more general coupling reactions. Often cross-coupling reactions require metal catalysts. One important reaction type is this:

R, R' = organic fragments, usually aryl;
M = main group center such as Li or Mg;
X = halide

These reactions are used to form carbon–carbon bonds but also carbon-heteroatom bonds.  Cross-coupling reaction are a subset of coupling reactions.

Richard F. Heck, Ei-ichi Negishi, and Akira Suzuki were awarded the 2010 Nobel Prize in Chemistry for developing palladium-catalyzed coupling reactions.
Charles Yale Beach
Charles Yale Beach (March 4, 1847 –
October 16, 1917) was an American real estate investor, inventor and businessman from New York. He was among the largest real estate owners of Bridgeport, Connecticut, behind Senator Nathaniel Wheeler and Clinton Barnum Seeley, grandson of P. T. Barnum.

He was also a correspondent of Mark Twain, who was with the Beach family among the Quaker City excursion of 1867, covered in Twain's Innocents Abroad. Beach's New York historical landmark, the Commercial Advertiser Building, burned down in 1891.

USS Quaker City
USS Quaker City was a heavy, 1,428 long tons (1,451 t) sidewheel steamship leased by the Union Navy at the start of the American Civil War. She was subsequently purchased by the navy, outfitted with a powerful 20-pounder long rifle, and assigned to help enforce the Union blockade of the ports of the Confederate States of America.
Jenilca Giusti
Jenilca Franchesca Giusti is a Puerto Rican singer, songwriter and actress commonly known as Jenilca. Jenilca was a participant of the third season of Objetivo Fama and a principal actress in the Broadway musicals Fame and Grease, which were presented at the CBA Luis A. Ferré in San Juan, Puerto Rico.

Ednita Nazario
Edna María Nazario Figueroa (born April 11, 1955) is a Puerto Rican Latin pop singer who has achieved stardom both at home and abroad. She has been in the music business from a young age and has released twenty-three studio albums, seven live albums and two extended plays (EPs) throughout her career.
Sean Scannell
Sean Scannell (born 17 September 1990) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Glacis United.

Scannell began his career with Crystal Palace where he scored 12 goals in 130 League appearances between 2007 and 2012. He then signed for Huddersfield Town where he spent the next six seasons. He has since played for Burton Albion, Bradford City, Blackpool and Grimsby Town. He has represented the Republic of Ireland at U17, U18, U19, U21 and B level.

Glacis United F.C.
Glacis United Football Club is a professional football club from Gibraltar, founded in 1965 and a member of the Gibraltar Football Association (GFA). The club share the Victoria Stadium with all other teams in the territory.

One of Gibraltar's most decorated teams, Glacis United currently compete in the Gibraltar Football League.
Jeune École
The Jeune École ("Young School") was a strategic naval concept developed during the 19th century. It advocated the use of small, heavily armed vessels to combat larger battleships, and the use of commerce raiders to cripple the trade of the rival nation.  The idea was developed among French naval theorists: the French government had the second largest navy of the time, and the theorists desired to counteract the strength of the larger British Royal Navy.

Commerce raiding
Commerce raiding is a form of naval warfare used to destroy or disrupt logistics of the enemy on the open sea by attacking its merchant shipping, rather than engaging its combatants or enforcing a blockade against them. Privateering is a form of commerce raiding conducted by independent operators.
6-demicubic honeycomb
The 6-demicubic honeycomb or demihexeractic honeycomb is a uniform space-filling tessellation (or honeycomb) in Euclidean 6-space. It is constructed as an alternation of the regular 6-cube honeycomb.

It is composed of two different types of facets. The 6-cubes become alternated into 6-demicubes h{4,3,3,3,3} and the alternated vertices create 6-orthoplex {3,3,3,3,4} facets.

2 22 honeycomb
In geometry, the 222 honeycomb is a uniform tessellation of the six-dimensional Euclidean space. It can be represented by the Schläfli symbol {3,3,32,2}. It is constructed from 221 facets and has a 122 vertex figure, with 54 221 polytopes around every vertex.

Its vertex arrangement is the E6 lattice, and the root system of the E6 Lie group so it can also be called the E6 honeycomb.
BMD-2
The BMD-2 is a Soviet airborne infantry fighting vehicle, introduced in 1985. It is a variant of BMD-1 with a new turret and changes to the hull. BMD stands for Boyevaya Mashina Desanta (Боевая Машина Десанта, which literally translates to "Airborne Combat Vehicle").

It was developed as a replacement for the BMD-1 but did not supersede it entirely in Soviet service. Its NATO designation is BMD M1981/1.

BMP-2
The BMP-2 (Boyevaya Mashina Pekhoty, Russian: Боевая Машина Пехоты, literally "combat machine/vehicle [of the] infantry") is an amphibious infantry fighting vehicle introduced in the 1980s in the Soviet Union, following on from the BMP-1 of the 1960s.
Sam Locke (actor)
Sam Locke (born 12 April 2001) is a Welsh actor. He is best known for his feature film debut in Danny Boyle's 2025 horror sequel 28 Years Later and its 2026 follow-up 28 Years Later: The Bone Temple. He previously appeared in the BBC drama The Way and the sci-fi series Itopia.

The Way (TV series)
The Way is a three-part British television series, created by James Graham, Michael Sheen and Adam Curtis, with Sheen directing from a Graham script. The series is set in the 2020s and follows the Driscoll family as they attempt to flee the United Kingdom, which has descended into anti-Welsh civil conflict following riots in Port Talbot. The series received mixed reviews from critics.
Nagendra K. Ujjani
Nagendra K. Ujjani is an Indian film editor who works primarily in Kannada film industry. He is known for his editing work on films such as Naanu Avanalla...Avalu, Nathicharami and Act 1978. He received the National Film Award for Best Editing in 2018 for the Kannda film Nathicharami.

Nathicharami
Nathicharami is a 2018 Indian Kannada-language film co-written and directed by Mansore (Manjunatha Somakeshava Reddy).  The film stars Sruthi Hariharan and Sanchari Vijay with Sharanya, Poornachandra Mysore, Balaji Manohar and Gopal Deshpande in key roles. The music of the film is scored by Bindhu Malini.

The film had its world premiere in the India Story category and was nominated for the Oxfam Best film on Gender Equality Award at the 20th Jio MAMI Mumbai Film Festival.

Nathicharami won five awards at the 66th National film awards in 2019. Best Female Playback Singer went to Bindhu Malini for the song Mayaavi Manave, Best Lyrics for Manjunath S for the same song and Best Editing went to Nagendra K Ujjani. The movie also won the award for Best Feature Film in Kannada. Shruthi Hariharan got a Special Mention for Best Actress for her performance. The film was remade in Malayalam as Neeraja (2023).
Joseph Lowe (economist)
Joseph Lowe (died 1831) was a Scottish journalist and political economist, well known for his pioneer treatment of indexation. Maurice Kendall called him the generally recognised "father of index numbers".

In the debate on the Corn Laws in 1839, Sir Robert Peel cited the views of Lowe and Thomas Tooke, to argue against imposing a low fixed rate of import duty on corn.

Thomas Tooke
Thomas Tooke (/tʊk/; 28 February 1774 – 26 February 1858) was an English economist known for writing on money and economic statistics. After Tooke's death the Statistical Society endowed the Tooke Chair of economics at King's College London, and a Tooke Prize.

In business, he served several terms between 1840 and 1852 as governor of the Royal Exchange Corporation.  Likewise, he served for several terms as chairman of the St Katharine's Docks company. He was also an early director of the London and Birmingham Railway.
Jerry on Top
Jerry on Top (Nepali: जेरी अन टप) is a 2025 Nepalese romantic adventure-drama film directed by Suyog Gurung, from a story by Hem Raj BC and a screenplay by Biswas Timshina. Produced by Ananya Films Production, it serves as the spiritual successor of the 2014 film Jerryy. The film features Anmol KC, Aanchal Sharma, Jassita Gurung and Kedar Ghimire. With a love story set in the Everest expedition, it is one of the first mainstream Nepali productions to portray Mt Everest as the focus of the story highlighting the significance and challenges of the Himalayan region.

The film released on October 17, 2025, in cinemas across Nepal, few days before the Tihar festival. It received mixed response from the critics, with praise directed towards the cinematography, visual effects and production value while it was panned for predictable plot, shoddy storytelling, clumsy writing and amateurish direction. Despite its flaws, it opened to favorable response from the audience at the box office.

Kedar Ghimire
Kedar Prasad Ghimire (Nepali: केदार प्रसाद घिमिरे; born 13 April 1976) is a Nepalese actor known for his work in the Nepali entertainment industry. He is widely famous and commonly known as Magne Budo from his hit TV Nepali sitcom Meri Bassai and Chakka Panja series. He is one of the most popular and highest grossing actors of Nepal.
Tricholoma muricatum
Tricholoma muricatum is a mushroom of the agaric genus Tricholoma. It was described as new to science in 1996. It tends to grow near pines.

The cap has a radial arrangement of fibres and is grooved near the edge. The gills are orange-white. The stipe is brown-orange.

A very similar species is the European Tricholoma pessundatum, which differs only in microscopic details. Other similar species include T. aurantium, T. fracticum, T. fulvum, T. manzanitae, T. nictitans, T. populinum, T. stans, and T. ustale. All of these species, including T. muricatum, are inedible.

Tricholoma ustale
Tricholoma ustale, commonly known as the burnt knight, is a species of mushroom in the large genus Tricholoma. It is found in Asia, Europe, and North America, though those from North America may represent one or more different species.
Criminal Justice (Indian TV series)
Criminal Justice is an Indian Hindi-language crime thriller legal drama miniseries written by Shridhar Raghavan and was directed by Tigmanshu Dhulia and Vishal Furia. It is based on the 2008 British television series of the same name. Starring Pankaj Tripathi, Vikrant Massey, Jackie Shroff, Anupriya Goenka and Mita Vashisht in lead roles, the storyline follows the life of individuals on a gut-wrenching journey through the criminal justice system.

Criminal Justice was released through Hotstar on 5 April 2019. It received positive response from critics, praising the performances of the principal characters, Tripathi, Massey and Shroff respectively.

In February 2020, the makers announced a second series, titled Criminal Justice: Behind Closed Doors, which was released on 24 December 2020. Criminal Justice: Adhura Sach, the third series, premiered on 26 August 2022. In May 2025, the fourth series, Criminal Justice: A Family Matter, premiered.

Tigmanshu Dhulia
Tigmanshu Dhulia (born 3 July 1967) is an Indian film dialogue writer, director, actor, screenwriter, producer and casting director known for his works in Hindi cinema and Television. He wrote the dialogue for the 1998 film Dil Se.., the first Bollywood film to chart in the UK top ten, and screened at the Berlin International Film Festival.  His directing career has also garnered international recognition with the biographical film Paan Singh Tomar, premiered at the 2010 BFI London Film Festival and the thriller drama Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster.

Paan Singh Tomar eventually went on to win the National Film Award for Best Feature Film in 2012. His sequel film Saheb, Biwi Aur Gangster Returns gained critical acclaim. He is also well known for his role as Ramadhir Singh in Anurag Kashyap's modern cult film Gangs of Wasseypur. Dhulia holds a master's degree in theatre from the National School of Drama, at New Delhi.
Burl Ives Sings Pearly Shells and Other Favorites
Pearly Shells and Other Favorites is a 1964 album by Burl Ives, produced by Milt Gabler and directed by Owen Bradley. Featuring songs composed by Harlan Howard, Merle Kilgore, Tillman Franks, Mel Tillis and Freddie Hart, among others, the album reached No. 65 on Billboard's 1965 Pop Album Chart. The title song, "Pearly Shells," reached No. 60 on Billboard's 1964 Pop Singles Chart. Greg Adams of Allmusic writes, "Don't let the shortage of well-known songs keep you away from this delightful and well-crafted album."

Mel Tillis
Lonnie Melvin Tillis (August 8, 1932 – November 19, 2017) was an American country music singer and songwriter. Although he recorded songs since the late 1950s, his biggest success occurred in the 1970s as part of the outlaw country movement, with a long list of Top 10 hits. Tillis' biggest hits include "I Ain't Never", "Good Woman Blues", and "Coca-Cola Cowboy". His composition Ruby, Don't Take Your Love To Town became a world-wide hit in 1969 when recorded by Kenny Rogers.

On February 13, 2012, President Barack Obama awarded Tillis the National Medal of Arts for his contributions to country music. He also won the Country Music Association Awards' most coveted award, Entertainer of the Year. Tillis was a member of the Grand Ole Opry, Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame, and Country Music Hall of Fame. Additionally, he was known for his stutter, which did not affect his singing voice. His daughter is 1990s country hitmaker Pam Tillis.
1976 Balestier Road shooting
On 18 October 1976, two armed robbers, Tay Cher Kiang (郑芝强 Zhèng Zhīqiáng) and Chang Bock Eng (庄木荣 Zhuāng Mùróng), held several people hostage at a paint shop in Balestier Road, Singapore in an attempt to commit armed robbery, and during the holdup, Chang, who wielded a revolver, engaged in a gunfight with the police, injuring a police constable named Neo Koon San (梁坤山 Liáng Kūnshān) during the confrontation. Both Chang and Tay were subsequently arrested and charged under the Arms Offences Act for the unauthorized use of firearms. Both Chang and Tay were found guilty and sentenced to death in August 1977, and they were hanged on 9 May 1980 after exhausting all avenues of appeal, which all ended with failure.

Arms Offences Act
The Arms Offences Act 1973 is a statute of the Parliament of Singapore that criminalizes the illegal possession of arms and ammunition and the carrying, trafficking, and usage of arms. The law is designed specifically to make acts of ownership, knowingly receiving payment in connection with the trade of a trafficked armaments and ammunition, as well as the unlawful usage of arms and ammunition a criminal offence.