hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Post-Islamism
Post-Islamism is a neologism in political science, the definition and applicability of which is disputed. Asef Bayat and Olivier Roy are among the main architects of the idea.

The term has been used by Bayat to refer to "a tendency" towards resecularizing of Islam after the "exhaustion" of political Islam; by Olivier Carré to refer to an era of Islamic history (following the decline of the Abbasids but before modernity) where the political-military and religious realms were separated; by Olivier Roy to a recognition that after repeated efforts Islamists had failed to establish a "concrete and viable blueprint for society"; and by Mustafa Akyol to refer to a reactionary opposition to Islamism in countries like Turkey, Iran, and Sudan.

Asef Bayat
Asef Bayat is an Iranian-American professor of sociology. He currently holds the Catherine and Bruce Bastian Chair in Global and Transnational Studies in the Department of Sociology at the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign. Bayat's works focuses on social movements and social change, religion and public life, and urban space and politics and contemporary Middle Eastern societies. Prior to his tenure at Illinois, Bayat was a faculty member at the American University in Cairo and served as the director of the International Institute for the Study of Islam in the Modern World (ISIM) at Leiden University, The Netherlands, where he also held the chair of Society and Culture of the Modern Middle East. Additionally, he has held visiting positions at the University of California, Berkeley; Columbia University; the University of Oxford; and Brown University.
Morehead-Patterson Bell Tower
The Morehead-Patterson Bell Tower is a functioning bell tower located on the campus of The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (UNC). It is a 172-foot-tall tower with a Roman numeral clock built-in on each of the four sides of the tower. The top of the bell tower holds an observation area. It is topped by a conical spire structure. The area around the bell tower is surrounded by hedges and a grass lawn designed by University botany professor William Chambers Coker, who also designed the Coker Arboretum on campus. The tower is one of the most visible landmarks on campus.

Coker Arboretum
Coker Arboretum (5.3 acres) is an arboretum within the North Carolina Botanical Garden on the campus of the University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina. The collection consists of a wide variety of plantings including flowering trees and shrubs as well as bulb and perennial displays. It is open daily without charge.

The arboretum was established in 1903 by Dr. William Chambers Coker, the university's first Professor of Botany and the first chair of the University Buildings and Grounds Committee. Coker loved East Asian species and added many throughout the 1920s into the 1940s, including conifers and one Metasequoia, as well as daffodils and daylilies. Two prominent features are a native vine arbor (300 feet long) and an adjacent stone circle.
Vazirabad (horse)
Vazirabad (foaled 8 March 2012) is a French Thoroughbred racehorse. He is a specialist stayer who has shown his best form over extended distances. He was unraced as a juvenile but made a major impact as a three-year-old in 2015 when he won the Prix de Lutèce, Prix Chaudenay and Prix Royal-Oak and was rated among the top 50 racehorses in the world. In the following year he won the Dubai Gold Cup, Prix Vicomtesse Vigier, Prix Gladiateur and a second Prix Royal-Oak. As a five-year-old he repeated his victories in the Dubai Gold Cup, Prix Vicomtesse Vigier and Prix Gladiateur as well as taking the Prix du Cadran. In 2018 he recorded further wins in both the Dubai Gold Cup and Prix Vicomtesse Vigier.

Prix du Cadran
The Prix du Cadran is a Group 1 flat horse race in France open to thoroughbreds aged four years or older. It is run at Longchamp over a distance of 4,000 metres (about 21⁄2 miles), and it is scheduled to take place each year in early October.

It is France's most prestigious race for "stayers" – horses which specialise in racing over long distances. It is the French equivalent of the Gold Cup, the leading stayers' race in Great Britain.
Jan Alston
Jan Alston (born April 14, 1969) is a Canadian-Swiss ice hockey executive, coach and former professional ice hockey centre. He was granted Swiss citizenship in 2002.

He became sport director at Swiss side Lausanne HC in 2011.

Lausanne HC
Lausanne Hockey Club is a professional ice hockey team based in Lausanne, Switzerland. The team competes in the National League (NL), the highest league in Switzerland. The team plays its home games in the 10,000-seat Vaudoise Aréna.
Cory Witherill
Cory Witherill (born December 17, 1971) is an American race car driver from Los Angeles who competed in the Indy Racing League, Infiniti Pro Series, Indy Lights, and ARCA series. He made an incredible bump day run on a brand new engine to qualify for the 2001 Indianapolis 500, becoming the only full-blooded Native American to race in the Indy 500. He finished nineteenth. In 2002 and 2003, with the collapse of the IRL team he drove for, he went to the Infiniti Pro Series driving for Ron Hemelgarn Racing. In 2002, he had eight podium finishes and one win at Nashville Superspeedway. He attempted to become the first full-blooded Native American in NASCAR.

Indy NXT
Indy NXT (pronounced "Indy Next"), previously Indy Lights, is an American developmental automobile racing series sanctioned by IndyCar, currently known as INDY NXT by Firestone for sponsorship reasons. Indy NXT is the highest step on the Road to Indy, a program of racing series leading up to the IndyCar Series.

A similar series named Indy Lights filled the developmental role for the CART series, and ran from 1986 to 1993 as the American Racing Series and Dayton Indy Lights from 1991 to 2001. The current IndyCar sanctioned series was founded in 2002 as the Infiniti Pro Series as a way to introduce new talent to IndyCar, with the moniker Indy Lights returning in 2008 when CART and IndyCar unified. The Indy Lights champion was awarded a $1M scholarship toward the IndyCar Series, and guaranteed three races including the Indianapolis 500 during this time. For 2023, Penske Entertainment announced a rebranding to the name Indy NXT.
St. Joseph on the Brandywine
St. Joseph on the Brandywine, originally Saint Joseph's Church until St. Joseph's Church – Wilmington was built in 1947, is a parish of the Catholic Church in Greenville, Delaware, United States, in the Diocese of Wilmington. It is a historic parish church complex and national historic district located on Old Church Road. Since 2002 its old convent building has housed the diocesan archives, with records going back two centuries. It is also the home parish of the 46th President of the United States, Joe Biden.

St. Joseph's Catholic Church (Wilmington, Delaware)
St. Joseph's Catholic Church is a historic Black Catholic church located at 1012 French Street in Wilmington, New Castle County, Delaware. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2004.
Alex Rullo
Alexander John Rullo (born 15 June 2000) is an Australian racing car and rally driver. He currently drives in the Australian Rally Championship for IntelliSpatial Fleetcare Racing.

He has formerly driven in the TCR Australia Series for Kelly Racing. He has also co-driven with Simona de Silvestro in the No. 78 Nissan Altima in the Pirtek Enduro Cup.

Rullo also achieved a podium place at the 2025 World Time Attack Challenge at Sydney Motorsport Park.

Simona de Silvestro
Simona de Silvestro (born 1 September 1988) is a Swiss-Italian professional racing driver and bobsledder. She has raced in the IndyCar Series, Formula E and the Supercars Championship, having also served as test driver for the Sauber F1 Team and factory driver for Porsche. Since 2022 she has competed internationally in bobsleigh, where she reached the 2026 Winter Olympics.
Niko Huuhtanen
Niko Huuhtanen (born 26 June 2003) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player for EHC Biel of the National League. He was selected in the seventh round, 224th overall in the 2021 NHL Entry Draft by the Tampa Bay Lightning.

EHC Biel-Bienne
EHC Biel-Bienne is a professional ice hockey club based in Biel/Bienne, Switzerland. The team competes in the National League (NL), the highest league in Switzerland. Since the city of Biel is bilingual, alongside the German name EHC Biel (abbreviated as EHCB) the team also has a French name, HC Bienne (abbreviated as HCB). The team plays its home games in the 6,521-seat Tissot Arena.
David Beatson
David Colin Beatson (14 April 1944 – 21 September 2017) was a New Zealand journalist, broadcaster, political communications strategist and media analyst. He worked extensively in television, print and radio, and held a number of public roles including chief press secretary to Prime Minister Jim Bolger and chair of NZ On Air.

NZ On Air
NZ On Air (NZOA; Māori: Irirangi te Motu), formally the Broadcasting Commission, is an autonomous Crown entity and commission of the New Zealand Government responsible for providing funding for broadcasting and creative works. The commission operates largely separate from government policy but must follow directions from the Minister of Broadcasting. NZOA is responsible for the funding of public broadcasting content across television, radio and other media platforms. It is also a major investor in New Zealand independent producers.

NZ On Air is the operating name of the Broadcasting Commission formed in the Broadcasting Act 1989 alongside the Broadcasting Standards Authority, meant to encourage individuals to pay the historical Broadcasting Fee that funded public broadcasters. In 1999 the Broadcasting Fee was abolished, and NZOA now receives funding directly from the Ministry for Culture and Heritage.
Henry Ponder
Henry Ponder, Ph.D. (born 1928) is an American educator and former university president. He was president of  Benedict College, Fisk University, Talladega College, and Langston University. Over a career spanning more than six decades, Dr. Ponder's efforts increased educational opportunity for generations of young men and women, particularly students of color. Further, he holds a unique place in the history of higher education as the only person to serve as president of four Historically Black Colleges and Universities (HBCUs), chair of member institutions of the United Negro College Fund, and CEO and president of the National Association of Equal Opportunity in Higher Education (NAFEO), which is the lobby organization for all HBCUs, public and private.

Langston University
Langston University (LU) is a public land-grant historically black university in Langston, Oklahoma. It is the only historically black college in the state and the westernmost four-year public HBCU in the United States. The main campus in Langston is a rural setting 10 miles (16 km) east of Guthrie. The university also serves an urban mission with centers in Tulsa (at the same campus as the OSU-Tulsa facility) and Oklahoma City. The university is a member-school of the Thurgood Marshall College Fund. In March 2025, Langston University was named a Carnegie Research College and University.
Zuowang
Zuowang (Chinese: 坐忘; pinyin: zuòwàng) is  classic Daoist meditation technique, described as "a state of deep trance or intense absorption, during which no trace of ego-identity is felt and only the underlying cosmic current of the Dao is perceived as real." According to Louis Komjathy, this is one term for Daoist apophatic meditation, which also goes by various other names in Daoist literature, such as "quiet sitting" (靜坐; jìngzuò), "guarding the one" (守一; shǒuyī), "fasting the heartmind" (心齋; xīnzhāi), and "being with simplicity or sitting with oblivion" (抱朴; bàopǔ).

Zuowang instructions can be seen in classic Taoist texts from as early as the Chinese Warring States Period, such as the Zhuangzi. The term also appears in the title of an influential manual from the Tang dynasty (618–907), the Zuowanglun, and continues to inform Daoist contemplative practice today.

Apophatic theology
Apophatic theology, also known as negative theology, is a form of theological thinking and religious practice which attempts to approach God, the Divine, by negation, to speak only in terms of what may not be said about God. It is the opposite equivalent of cataphatic theology (also known as affirmative theology), which approaches God or the Divine by affirmations or positive statements about what God is.

The apophatic tradition is often, though not always, allied with the approach of mysticism, which aims at the vision of God, the perception of the divine reality beyond the realm of ordinary perception.
Wissington, Suffolk
Wissington or Wiston is a small village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Nayland-with-Wissington, in the Babergh district, in south Suffolk, England. In 1881 the civil parish had a population of 191. On 1 April 1844 the parish was abolished and merged with Nayland to form "Nayland with Wissington".

Nayland
Nayland is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Nayland-with-Wissington, in the Babergh district, in the county of Suffolk, England. It is in the Stour Valley on the Suffolk side of the border between Suffolk and Essex. In 2011 the built-up area had a population of 938.
I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang
I Am a Fugitive from a Chain Gang is a 1932 American pre-Code crime tragedy film directed by Mervyn LeRoy and starring Paul Muni as a convicted man on a chain gang who escapes to Chicago. It was released on November 10, 1932. The film received critical acclaim and was nominated for three Academy Awards including Best Picture and Best Actor for Muni.

The film was written by Howard J. Green and Brown Holmes from Robert Elliott Burns's 1932 autobiography of a similar name I Am a Fugitive from a Georgia Chain Gang! originally serialized in the True Detective magazine. The true life story was later the basis for the television movie The Man Who Broke 1,000 Chains (1987) starring Val Kilmer.

In 1991, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".

True Detective (magazine)
True Detective (originally True Detective Mysteries) was an American true crime magazine published from 1924 to 1995. It initiated the true crime magazine genre, and during its peak from the 1940s to the early 1960s it sold millions of copies and spawned numerous imitators. For most of its run, it was published by Macfadden Publications.
Jalingo
8°54′N 11°22′E﻿ / ﻿8.900°N 11.367°E﻿ / 8.900; 11.367
JalingoListenⓘ  is the capital city of Taraba State in north-eastern Nigeria, named in fulfulde (the word Jalingo means "superior place") and has been estimated with population of 418,000 as of 2018, The city has received the highest number of immigrants mainly from, Kano, Borno, Gombe and the neighboring Cameroon. As of November, 2022 the city is estimated to have around 581,000 people.
There are 10 Wards in Jalingo local government area namely: Abbare Yelwa, Barade,  Kachalla Sembe, Kona, Majidadi, Mayo Goi,  Sarkin Dawaki, Sintali, Turaki ‘A’, Turaki ‘B’

Fula language
FulaListenⓘ  (/ˈfuːlə/ FOO-lə), also known as FulaniListenⓘ  (/fʊˈlɑːniː/ fuu-LAH-nee) or Fulah (Fulfulde, Pulaar, Pular; Adlam: 𞤊𞤵𞤤𞤬𞤵𞤤𞤣𞤫, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞥄𞤪, 𞤆𞤵𞤤𞤢𞤪; Ajami: ࢻُلْࢻُلْدٜ‎, ݒُلَارْ‎, بُۛلَر‎), is a Senegambian language spoken by around 36.8 million people as a set of various dialects in a continuum that stretches across some 18 countries in West and Central Africa. Along with other related languages such as Serer and Wolof, it belongs to the Atlantic geographic group within Niger–Congo, and more specifically to the Senegambian branch. Unlike most Niger-Congo languages, Fula does not have tones.

It is spoken as a first language by the Fula people ("Fulani", Fula: Fulɓe) from the Senegambia region and Guinea to Cameroon, Nigeria, and Sudan and by related groups such as the Toucouleur people in the Senegal River Valley. It is also spoken as a second language by various peoples in the region, such as the Kirdi of northern Cameroon and northeastern Nigeria.
Dominik Fleitmann
Dominik Fleitmann is professor of Quaternary Geology at the University of Basel. Fleitmann primarily researches palaeoclimatology using stalagmites collected from caves in the Middle East and has also linked these records to societal impacts using archaeological and historical evidence.

According to Fleitmann, his research into stalagmites found in modern-day Saudi Arabia demonstrates a link between rainfall and human migration from the region, and a correlation between a period of severe drought and the collapse of the Kingdom of Himyar.

Stalagmite
A stalagmite (UK: /ˈstæləɡˌmaɪt/, US: /stəˈlæɡmaɪt/; from Greek  σταλαγμίτης (stalagmítēs); from Ancient Greek  σταλαγμίας (stalagmías) 'dropping, trickling' and  -ίτης (-ítēs) 'one connected to, a member of')
is a type of rock formation that rises from the floor of a cave due to the accumulation of material deposited on the floor from ceiling drippings. Stalagmites are typically composed of calcium carbonate, but may consist of lava, mud, peat, pitch, sand, sinter, and amberat (crystallized urine of pack rats).

The corresponding formation hanging down from the ceiling of a cave is a stalactite.
Doglands
Doglands (2011) is a children's fantasy novel written by Tim Willocks. It was published by the Random House imprint Random House Books for Young Readers. It is written in the first-person point of view of the main character, a lurcher named Furgul.

The story begins with Furgul being born in a racing greyhound breeder's home, believed to be full greyhound because he is so young. As he grows, however, it becomes more clear that he's not full greyhound, and his mother has him run away with his sisters. He promises to go back and save his mother, Keeva, but along the way he discovers much more to life, such as being a pet, being a fugitive, being in the animal shelter, being in love, and revolting.

Doglands won the 2012 Montreuil Book Festival Prize for European Young Adult Fiction.

Lurcher
A lurcher is a crossbred dog resulting from mating a greyhound or other sighthound with a dog of another type such as a herding dog or a terrier. The lurcher is not a "breed": the term is a generic descriptor of a diverse group of dogs.  They are known for being loyal, fast, and versatile. For hundreds of years, lurchers were strongly associated with poaching; in modern times, they are kept as hunting or companion dogs.
Michał Szromnik
Michał Szromnik (born 4 March 1993) is a Polish professional footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for I liga club Śląsk Wrocław. He has previously played for Arka Gdynia, Bytovia Bytów, Odra Opole, Górnik Zabrze and Scottish club Dundee United.

Śląsk Wrocław
Wrocławski Klub Sportowy Śląsk Wrocław Spółka Akcyjna, commonly known as WKS Śląsk Wrocław (Polish pronunciation: [ɕlɔ̃zɡ ˈvrɔt͡swaf]), is a Polish professional football club based in Wrocław that plays in I liga, the second level of the Polish football league system.

Śląsk is a two-time Polish champion (1977, 2012), a four-time top-tier runner-up (1978, 1982, 2011, 2024), a two-time Polish Cup winner (1976, 1987), a two-time Polish Super Cup winner (1987, 2012) and a one-time Ekstraklasa Cup winner (2009).

The club's home is Tarczyński Arena Wrocław, a 45,105 capacity stadium in Wrocław which was one of the host venues during UEFA Euro 2012. The club previously played at Olympic Stadium and Stadion Oporowska.
FC Åland
FC Åland is a football club registered in Sund, Åland with area of operations in the north of Åland which includes also Finström, Saltvik, Geta, Vårdö. The club was formed originally in 1992 by Ålands Fotbollförbund but was taken over by 4 clubs in 2012. IFFK and Sunds IF (SIF) had merged their men´s teams into SIFFK around 2009 and the club reached its present form in 2012, when Hammarlands IK and IF Fram merged their men's first teams with SIFFK and took the name FC Åland. The first team mostly played in the fourth-tier of football in Finland but also played in the third-tier in 2016. At the end of the 2023 season they announced that they would shut down their senior team to focus on their youth teams. Their place in Kolmonen was taken over by IFK Mariehamn.

Kolmonen
Kolmonen or III divisioona is the fifth level in the league system of Finnish football and comprises 108 Finnish football teams. The III divisioona was introduced in 1973 and in the mid-1990s became known as the Kolmonen (Number Three in English and Trean in Swedish). Until the end of 2023 season, Kolmonen was the fourth level in the pyramid, but after the creation of new second-tier Ykkösliiga, Kolmonen fell down one level, starting in 2024.
Malcolm in the Middle season 6
The sixth season of Malcolm in the Middle premiered on November 7, 2004, on Fox, and ended on May 15, 2005, with a total of 22 episodes. Frankie Muniz stars as the title character Malcolm, and he is joined by Jane Kaczmarek, Bryan Cranston, Christopher Kennedy Masterson, Justin Berfield and Erik Per Sullivan.

Christopher Masterson
Christopher Kennedy Masterson (born January 22, 1980) is an American actor and disc jockey known best for his role as  Francis on the Fox sitcom Malcolm in the Middle. He is the younger brother of actor Danny Masterson, and the older half-brother of Alanna Masterson and Jordan Masterson, who are also actors.
Ghouri Express
Ghouri Express (Urdu: غوری ایکسپریس) is a passenger train operated daily by Pakistan Railways between Lahore and Faisalabad. The trip takes approximately 2 hours, 30 minutes to cover a published distance of 142 kilometres (88 mi), traveling along a stretch of the Karachi–Peshawar Railway Line, Shahdara Bagh–Sangla Hill Branch Line and Khanewal–Wazirabad Branch Line.

Shahdara Bagh–Sangla Hill Branch Line
Shahdara Bagh–Sangla Hill Branch Line (Urdu: شاہدرہ باغ-سانگلہ ہل برانچ لائن) is one of several branch lines in Pakistan, operated and maintained by Pakistan Railways. The line begins from Shahdara Bagh Junction station and ends at Sangla Hill Junction station. The total length of this railway line is 135 kilometers (84 mi). There are 10 operational railway stations from Shahdara Bagh to Sangla Hill.
Tufts University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences
The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences is one of the eight schools that comprise Tufts University. The Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences (GSBS) is located on the university's health sciences campus in the Chinatown district of Boston, Massachusetts. The school was previously named the Sackler School of Graduate Biomedical Sciences but on December 5, 2019, the university announced it was removing the Sackler name from the school, because of the Sacklers' role in the opioid epidemic through their ownership of Purdue Pharma.

Tufts University School of Medicine
The Tufts University School of Medicine is the medical school of Tufts University, a private research university in Massachusetts. It was established in 1893 and is located on the university's health sciences campus in downtown Boston. It has clinical affiliations with numerous doctors and researchers in the United States and around the world, as well as with its affiliated hospitals in both Massachusetts (including Tufts Medical Center, St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Lahey Hospital and Medical Center and Baystate Medical Center), and Maine (Maine Medical Center).