hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Orange Polska
Orange Polska SA (formerly Telekomunikacja Polska) is a Polish telecommunications provider established in December 1991. It is a public company traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange, with a controlling stake owned by Orange S.A., the latter controlling over 50% of this stake by 2002. It operates the following services: PSTN, ISDN, GSM 900/1800 network (+ 3G UMTS, 4G LTE and 5G NR), ADSL, IDSL, FTTH fibre Internet, Frame Relay, ATM and Inmarsat.

4G
4G refers to the fourth generation of cellular network technology, introduced in the late 2000s and early 2010s. Compared to preceding third-generation (3G) technologies, 4G has been designed to support all-IP communications and broadband services, and eliminates circuit switching in voice telephony. It also has considerably higher data bandwidth compared to 3G, enabling a variety of data-intensive applications such as high-definition media streaming and the expansion of Internet of Things (IoT) applications.

The earliest deployed technologies marketed as "4G" were Long Term Evolution (LTE), developed by the 3GPP group, and Mobile Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (Mobile WiMAX), based on IEEE specifications. These provided significant enhancements over previous 3G and 2G.
Alternative pathways in education
Alternative pathways in education are alternative means of obtaining educational qualifications, other than the traditional means of gaining access to or completing the required study to obtain the educational qualifications.

Postgraduate diploma
A postgraduate diploma (PgD, PgDip, PGDip, PG Dip., PGD, Dipl. PGD) is a postgraduate qualification at the level of a master's degree, awarded after a university degree, which supplements the original degree and awards them with a graduate diploma. The minimum requirement of completing a bachelor's degree is necessary to start the postgraduate course. The duration of a postgraduate course can vary from 1 year to 2 years.

Countries that award postgraduate diplomas include but are not limited to Australia, Bangladesh, Barbados, Belgium, Brazil, Canada, Chile, Colombia, Germany, Hong Kong, India, Ireland, Israel, Jamaica, Kenya, the Netherlands, New Zealand, Nigeria, Pakistan, Panama, the Philippines, Poland, Portugal, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Singapore, South Africa, Spain, Sri Lanka, Sudan, Sweden, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Kingdom and Zimbabwe. Level of education and recognition differ per issuing country.
Colón (currency)
The colón (₡) refers to two Central American currencies, both named for Christopher Columbus (Spanish: Cristóbal Colón):

the Costa Rican colón (ISO 4217 code: CRC), used in Costa Rica since 1896

the Salvadoran colón (ISO 4217 code: SVC), used in El Salvador from 1892 until 2001, when it was replaced by the American dollar

Costa Rican colón
The colón (plural: colones; sign: ₡; code: CRC) is the currency of Costa Rica. It was named after Christopher Columbus, known as Cristóbal Colón in Spanish. A colón is divided into one hundred céntimos.
Brian Bunting
Brian Bunting (9 April 1920 – 18 June 2008) was a South African activist and journalist known as a stalwart of the South African Communist Party (SACP). He represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly from 1994 to 1999.

Bunting was involved in the anti-apartheid movement in the 1950s and was briefly a native representative in the all-white House of Assembly from 1952 until 1953, when he was expelled for his communist affiliation. He went into exile in England from 1963 to 1991 to avoid state persecution. During that time, he wrote non-fiction books and edited the African Communist, the SACP's mouthpiece. He also spent several decades as a member of the Central Committee of the SACP.

Central Committee of the South African Communist Party
The Central Committee of the South African Communist Party is the highest decision-making body of the South African Communist Party (SACP). It is elected for a five-year term at regular national congresses of the SACP. The 15th National Central Committee was elected in July 2022 and will expire in 2027.
The Magic Crystal
The Magic Crystal (Chinese: 魔翡翠; released in the Philippines as Fight to Win) is a 1986 Hong Kong action film written and directed by Wong Jing. The film stars Andy Lau, Max Mok and Cynthia Rothrock.

The film is primarily set in Athens, Greece and Hong Kong. In the film, a mercenary has to rescue an archaeologist from the KGB.

Andy Lau
Andy Lau Tak-wah SBS BBS MH JP (Chinese: 劉德華; Jyutping: Lau4 Dak1 Waa4; born Lau Fook-wing; 27 September 1961), is a Hong Kong actor and singer. He was named one of the Five Tiger Generals of TVB in the 1980s as well as one of the Four Heavenly Kings in the 1990s. Lau won the Hong Kong Film Award for Best Actor three times, the Golden Horse Award for Best Leading Actor twice, and was entered into the Guinness World Records for the "Most Awards Won by a Cantopop Male Artist" in 2000, with a total of 444 music awards by 2006. In 2018, Lau became a member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences. In 2024, Lau was elected vice chairman of the 11th China Film Association. Over a career of four decades, Lau has been one of the most commercially and critically successful artists in the Chinese-speaking world.
Kit Wright
Kit Wright FRSL (born 17 June 1944) is an English writer who is the author of more than twenty-five books, for both adults and children, and the winner of awards including an Arts Council Writers' Award, the Geoffrey Faber Memorial Prize, the Hawthornden Prize, the Alice Hunt Bartlett Prize and the Heinemann Award. After a scholarship to Oxford University, he worked as a lecturer at Brock University, St Catherine's, in Canada, then returned to England and a position in the Poetry Society. He is currently a full-time writer.

Arts Council of Great Britain
The Arts Council of Great Britain was a non-departmental public body dedicated to the promotion of the fine arts in Great Britain. It was divided in 1994 to form the Arts Council of England (now Arts Council England), the Scottish Arts Council (later merged into Creative Scotland), and the Arts Council of Wales. At the same time the National Lottery was established and these three arts councils, plus the Arts Council of Northern Ireland, became distribution bodies.
Emil von Brück
Emil von Brück (1807 in Krefeld – 1884 in Krefeld) was a German dealer and entomologist mainly interested in Coleoptera.

Brück led an extensive correspondence with the coleopterists of his time, especially Ernst Gustav Kraatz, Lucas von Heyden, Ernest August Hellmuth von Kiesenwetter and Alexander Henry Haliday. He made collecting trips to Italy and Spain and financially supported the expeditions of Gustav Zebe into the Balkans, Greece and Crete.

The expeditions to Spain were in the spring  of 1868 and 1870, when he met Lucas von Heyden in Granada. He collected in Gibraltar, Puerto Santa Maria, Seville, Alicante, Málaga, Cartagena and Valencia.

He became a member of the Netherlands Entomological Society in 1853 and in 1858 joined the Entomological Society of Berlin.

Lucas Friedrich Julius Dominikus von Heyden
Lucas Friedrich Julius Dominikus von Heyden (22 May 1838, Frankfurt – 13 September 1915, Frankfurt) was a German entomologist specialising in beetles (Coleoptera).  He wrote with Edmund Reitter and Julius Weise Catalogus coleopterorum Europae, Caucasi et Armeniae rossicae. Edn 2. Berlin, Paskau, Caen (1902). He also worked with his father Carl von Heyden on fossil insects.
Thomas Tüting
Thomas Tüting (born 31 January 1962) is a German dermatologist and researcher at Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg. He is the clinical director of dermatology and the head of the Laboratory of Experimental Dermatology. His research interests include the identification and characterization of factors responsible for cancer progression and metastasis and resistance to cancer immunotherapy.

He obtained his medical doctorate in the Goethe University Frankfurt in 1993. He completed postdoctoral research at the University of Pittsburgh the United States from 1995 until 1997. He worked as a research scientist in Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz from 1998 until 2001 and as a professor of experimental dermatology in the University of Bonn from 2002 until 2015. He has been working as a clinical director and professor of experimental dermatology in the Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg since October 2015.

Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg
The Otto von Guericke University Magdeburg (English pronunciationⓘ;  German: Otto-von-Guericke-Universität Magdeburg listenⓘ; OVGU) is a public research university founded in 1993 and located in Magdeburg, the capital city of Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. The university has about 13,000 students across nine faculties.

The university is named after the physicist and former mayor of Magdeburg Otto von Guericke. The main research areas of the university are in the process engineering, neurosciences, biosystems technology, disease prevention, automotive research, digital engineering and renewable energies.

One of the best-known alumni and professors is the Leibniz Prize winner Axel Ockenfels.
Wood Pigeon (film)
Wood Pigeon (Persian title: Toghi - Persian: طوقی)  is a 1970 Iranian drama film directed by Ali Hatami and starring Behrouz Vossoughi, Afarin Obeysi, Naser Malek Motiee, Zhaleh Olov, Hamideh Kheirabadi and Bahman Mofid.

Naser Malek Motiei
Naser Malek Motiei (Persian: ناصر ملک‌مطیعی; 29 March 1930 – 25 May 2018) was an Iranian actor and director. He starred in numerous films and television shows. However after the Iranian Revolution in 1979, he mostly stopped acting and pivoted into other career choices. On May 25, 2018, Nasser Malek Matiei was admitted to Atiye Hospital in Tehran due to kidney problems and died a few days later on June 4, 2018 at the age of 88. His body was buried the next day in the presence of a large number of moviegoers and people in front of the Iran Cinema House and was buried in the artists' plot of Behesht Zahra next to the tomb of Mohammad Ali Fardin.[5][6][7][8]
Singing in the Twins Wonderland (Volume 2)
Singing in the Twins Wonderland (Volume 2) is an album by Twins.  Since the previous album Singing in the Twins Wonderland (Volume 1) was a great success, another similar album, Singing in the Twins Wonderland (Volume 2), was released in the same month. It also contains 20 English songs and 3 stories.

Singing in the Twins Wonderland (Volume 1)
Singing in the Twins Wonderland (Volume 1) is the 9th CD by the Twins and was released in November 2003. Since Twins became very popular among children, this CD was made particularly for small children. It contains 20 English songs and three stories.
Ice hockey in South Dakota
South Dakota has a curious history with ice hockey. Despite the state having relatively little history with the sport, South Dakota's proximity to other very engaged states has resulted in a high level of engagement by its residents.

Ice hockey in the United States
Ice hockey, referred to in the US simply as "hockey", is a popular sport in the United States. Hockey in the US began in 1894 when the first artificial ice rink was built in Baltimore, Maryland. Now hockey is most popular in regions of the US with cold winter climates, such as the northeast and the upper Midwest. However, since the 1990s, ice hockey has become increasingly popular in the Sun Belt due in large part to the expansion of the National Hockey League to the southeast and southwest US, coupled with the mass relocation of many residents from northern cities with strong hockey support to these Sun Belt locations.
Douglas Lifeboat Station
Douglas Lifeboat Station is located at Battery Pier, Douglas Head, in Douglas, capital of the Isle of Man, a British Crown Dependency.

Douglas and the Isle of Man holds a special place in the history of the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI), previously the Royal National Institution for the Preservation of Life from Shipwreck (RNIPLS), as this was the home of its founder, Sir William Hillary, 1st Baronet, (1771–1847).

The first Douglas lifeboat was funded by the Duke of Atholl, Governor of the Isle of Man, and arrived in 1802. A lifeboat station operated by the RNIPLS was opened in 1825. The station was re-established by the RNLI in 1868.

Trent-class All-weather lifeboat 14-37 Betty Huntbatch (ON 1274) arrived in Douglas on 9 August 2025, and will undergo a period of crew training, before officially replacing the Mersey-class lifeboat on service.

Mersey-class lifeboat
Mersey-class lifeboats are a class of All-weather lifeboats, originally  operated by the Royal National Lifeboat Institution (RNLI). Introduced in 1988, 38 of this class of lifeboat would come to operate from stations around the coasts of Great Britain and Ireland. They are capable of operating at up to 17 knots (31 km/h) and can be launched from a carriage or by slipway.

The class name comes from the River Mersey which flows into the Irish Sea in north west England.
Marylise Lévesque
Marylise Lévesque (born March 3, 1983, in Quebec, Canada) is a Canadian judoka. She competed at the 2008 Summer Olympics in the 78kg category and lost to Pürevjargalyn Lkhamdegd in the repechage. Lévesque won the bronze at the 2007 Pan American Games.

Pürevjargalyn Lkhamdegd
Pürevjargalyn Lkhamdegd  (Mongolian: Пүрэвжаргалын Лхамдэгд, born 18 September 1986) is a Mongolian retired judoka who competed in the 78 kg category. She won a bronze medal at the 2006 Asian Games and participated in the 2008, 2012 and 2016 Olympics, reaching the quarter-finals in 2008.
Juan Fernández hotspot
The Juan Fernández hotspot is a volcanic hotspot located in the southeastern Pacific Ocean. The hotspot created the Juan Fernández Ridge which includes the Juan Fernández Archipelago and a long seamount chain that is being subducted in the Peru–Chile Trench at the site of Papudo giving origin to the Norte Chico Volcanic Gap.

Peru–Chile Trench
The Peru–Chile Trench, also known as the Atacama Trench, is an oceanic trench in the eastern Pacific Ocean, about 160 kilometres (99 mi) off the coast of Peru and Chile. It reaches a maximum depth of 8,065 m (26,460 ft) below sea level in Richards Deep (23°10′45″S 71°18′41″W﻿ / ﻿23.17917°S 71.31139°W﻿ / -23.17917; -71.31139) and is approximately 5,900 km (3,666 mi) long; its mean width is 64 km (40 mi) and it covers an expanse of some 590,000 km2 (230,000 sq mi).

The trench delineates the boundary between the subducting Nazca plate and the overriding South American plate.
Brian de la Puente
Brian Loomis de la Puente (born May 13, 1985) is an American former professional football player who was a center in the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the California Golden Bears and was signed by the San Francisco 49ers as an undrafted free agent in 2008.

De la Puente was also a member of the Kansas City Chiefs, Seattle Seahawks, Carolina Panthers, New Orleans Saints, Chicago Bears, and Washington Redskins.

California Golden Bears football
The California Golden Bears football program represents the University of California, Berkeley, in college football as a member of the Atlantic Coast Conference at the NCAA Division I FBS level. They were previously a member of the Pac-12 Conference. The team plays its home games at California Memorial Stadium and was most recently coached by Justin Wilcox before his firing following the 2025 Big Game. Since beginning of play in 1886, the team has won five NCAA recognized national titles — 1920, 1921, 1922, 1923, 1937 — and 14 conference championships, the last one in 2006. It has also produced what are considered to be two of the oddest and most memorable plays in college football: Roy "Wrong Way" Riegels' fumble recovery at the 1929 Rose Bowl and The Play kickoff return in the 1982 Big Game.
Kenneth Sørensen
Kenneth Sørensen (born 14 March 1982) is a Danish former professional footballer who played as a midfielder for Holbæk B&I, AC Horsens, Herfølge BK, HB Køge, FC Hjørring, Flekkeroy IF, Gentofte VI and Brønshøj BK.

Gentofte-Vangede Idrætsforening
Gentofte-Vangede Idrætsforening (commonly known as GVI) is a Danish football club based in the Copenhagen suburban area Vangede. The club was founded 21 August 1921 and has since the foundation been playing at Nymosen Sports Park. The club was founded as merger between Gentofte Boldklub and Vangede Idrætsforening before the start of the 1921–22 tournament administrated by the Zealand Football Association (SBU). The founding clubs had previously been part of Nordre Birks Boldspil-Union and Københavns Forstadsklubbers Bold Union (KFBU), before being accepted as members of SBU during a general meeting on 29 May 1921.

The club is currently playing in the Denmark Series.
Henryk IX Starszy
Henryk IX Starszy (literally 'Henry IX the Elder'; probably between 1387 and 1392 – 11 November 1467) was Duke of Żagań-Głogów from 1397 to 1412 (as co-ruler with his brother), ruler of Szprotawa, Krosno Odrzańskie from 1412 to 1417, Świebodzin and half of Głogów (with his brothers as co-rulers), from 1417 ruler of Szprotawa, half of Głogów, from 1420 ruler of Kożuchów and Zielona Góra, from 1430 ruler of Krosno Odrzańskie and Świebodzin, and from 1446 Duke of Lubin.

He was the second son of Henry VIII the Sparrow, Duke of Głogów, by his wife Katharina, daughter of Duke Władysław of Opole.

Krosno Odrzańskie
Krosno Odrzańskie [ˈkrɔsnɔ ɔˈdʐaɲskʲɛ] (German: Crossen an der Oder) is a town in Lubusz Voivodeship in western Poland, on the east bank of Oder River, at the confluence with the Bóbr. With 11,319 inhabitants (2019) it is the capital of Krosno County.
1986 Norwegian Second Division
The 1986 2. divisjon was a Norway's second-tier football league season.

The league was contested by 24 teams, divided into two groups; A and B. The winners of group A and B were promoted to the 1987 1. divisjon. The second placed teams met the 10th position finisher in the 1. divisjon in a qualification round where the winner was promoted to 1. divisjon. The bottom three teams inn both groups were relegated to the 3. divisjon.

Moss won group A with 35 points and Brann won group B with 35 points. Both teams promoted to the 1987 1. divisjon. The second-placed teams, Drøbak/Frogn and Vidar met Tromsø  in the promotion play-offs. Tromsø won the qualification and remained in the 1. divisjon.

Drøbak-Frogn IL
Drøbak-Frogn IL, DFI, is a Norwegian sports club from Drøbak. It has sections for association football, badminton, basketball, table tennis, floorball, team handball, orienteering, gymnastics, cycling, alpine skiing, and Nordic skiing.

It can trace its roots back to the club Drøbak IF, founded in 1918. In 1946 it was merged to form Drøbak-Frogn IL, together with Drøbak BK (founded 1920) and Frogn IL (founded 1934).
Ralph Sadler
Sir Ralph Sadler or Sadleir PC, Knight banneret (1507 – 30 March 1587) was an English statesman, who served Henry VIII as Privy Councillor, Secretary of State and ambassador to Scotland. Sadler went on to serve Edward VI. Having signed the device settling the crown on Jane Grey in 1553, he was obliged to retire to his estates during the reign of Mary I. Sadler was restored to royal favour during the reign of Elizabeth I, serving as a Privy Councillor and once again participating in Anglo-Scottish diplomacy. He was appointed Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster in May 1568.

Privy Council of England
The Privy Council of England, also known as His (or Her) Majesty's Most Honourable Privy Council (Latin: concilium familiare, concilium privatum et assiduum), was a body of advisers to the sovereign of the Kingdom of England. Its members were often senior members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons, together with leading churchmen, judges, diplomats and military leaders.

The Privy Council of England was a powerful institution, advising the sovereign on the exercise of the royal prerogative and on the granting of royal charters. It issued executive orders known as Orders in Council and also had judicial functions.

In 1708, the Privy Council of England was abolished and subsumed into the Privy Council of Great Britain along with the Privy Council of Scotland.
Mary Gardiner
Mary Gardiner is an Australian Linux programmer who was director of operations at the Ada Initiative, described as a "non-profit organization dedicated to increasing participation of women in open technology and culture". She was a council member of Linux Australia until September 2011. In 2012, Gardiner and Ada Initiative co-founder Valerie Aurora were named two of the most influential people in computer security by SC Magazine.

Haymarket Media Group
Haymarket Media Group is a private media company headquartered in London, United Kingdom. It has publications in the consumer, business and customer sectors, both print and online. It operates exhibitions allied to its own publications, and previously on behalf of organisations such as the BBC.
Tangenziale di Bologna
The Tangenziale di Bologna ("Bologna ring road") or Raccordo autostradale 1 (RA 1; "Motorway connection 1") is an autostrada (Italian for "motorway") 22.2 kilometres (13.8 mi) long in Italy located in the region of Emilia-Romagna serving the urban area of Bologna.

It runs parallel to Autostrada A14 from Casalecchio di Reno, west of Bologna, to San Lazzaro di Savena, east of Bologna.

It was projected by engineers Francesco Fantoni and Giorgio Mondini; construction works lasted three years, and the infrastructure was inaugurated on 12 July 1967.

Autostrada A14 (Italy)
The Autostrada A14 or Autostrada Adriatica ("Adriatic motorway") is the second-longest (743.4 kilometres (461.9 mi)) autostrada (Italian for "motorway") in Italy located in the regions of Emilia-Romagna, Marche, Abruzzo, Molise and Apulia. It is a part of the E45, E55 and E843 European routes.

Its northern end is Bologna (where it branches off the Autostrada A1) and its southern ending is at Taranto. The motorway stretches along the entire Adriatic coast. Inaugurated in 1965, it connects to Rimini, Riccione, Cattolica, Pesaro, Ancona, Civitanova Marche, San Benedetto del Tronto, Pescara, Vasto, Termoli, Foggia and Bari.
Driebergen-Zeist railway station
Driebergen-Zeist is a railway station located between Driebergen and Zeist, the Netherlands. It is located in the municipality of Utrechtse Heuvelrug. The station was opened on 17 June 1844 and is located on the Amsterdam–Arnhem railway. The station is operated by Nederlandse Spoorwegen. In 2018 there were approximately 8,787 passengers per day using Driebergen-Zeist station. The station was renovated from 2017 to 2020.

Amsterdam–Arnhem railway
The Amsterdam–Arnhem railway, also referred to as the Amsterdam–Elten railway or Rhijnspoorweg in Dutch (English: Rhine railway), is an important railway that connects Amsterdam in the Netherlands with Utrecht and Arnhem, and continues into Germany.
Diophon
Diophon (1921 – after 1935) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. He was probably the best two-year-old colt of his generation in England in 1923 when he won four of his five races including the July Stakes Lavant Stakes and Middle Park Stakes. In the following spring he gave his owner Aga Khan III the first of his many classic wins when he took the 2000 Guineas. He failed to win again that year but returned to take three valuable prizes in 1925. After his retirement from racing he had some success as a breeding stallion.

July Stakes
The July Stakes is a Group 2 flat horse race in Great Britain open to two-year-old colts and geldings. It is run on the July Course at Newmarket over a distance of 6 furlongs (1,207 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in July.