hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1949 Sioux Falls mayoral election
The 1949 Sioux Falls mayoral election was held on April 26, 1949, following a primary election on April 19, 1949. Incumbent Mayor C. M. Whitfield ran for re-election to a second term. However, Whitfield was defeated in the primary election, placing third. Henry Saure, the President of the Sioux Falls Board of Education, who received 42 percent of the vote, and former State Representative John N. Browning, who received 29 percent of the vote, advanced to the general election. Saure narrowly defeated Browning, 51–49 percent, winning his first term as Mayor.

Sioux Falls School District
Sioux Falls School District 49-5 is a public school district located in Sioux Falls, South Dakota, United States. The district has 23 elementary schools, 6 middle schools and 4 high schools. As of fall 2025, the Sioux Falls School District serves over 24,000 students.

Most of the district is in Minnehaha County, while portions are in Lincoln County. Most portions of the district are in Sioux Falls, but some are unincorporated areas.
Paul Rostock
Paul Rostock (18 January 1892 – 17 June 1956) was a Nazi physician, official, and university professor. He was chief of the Office for Medical Science and Research (Amtschef der Dienststelle Medizinische Wissenschaft und Forschung) under Third Reich Commissioner and Nazi war criminal Karl Brandt and a full professor, medical doctorate, medical superintendent of the University of Berlin Surgical Clinic.

After the end of World War II, he was tried as a war criminal in the Doctors' Trial for his complicity in medical atrocities performed on concentration camp prisoners.

Karl Brandt
Karl Brandt (8 January 1904 – 2 June 1948) was a German physician and Schutzstaffel (SS) officer in Nazi Germany. Trained in surgery, Brandt joined the Nazi Party in 1932 and became Adolf Hitler's "escort doctor" (Begleitarzt) in August 1934. A member of Hitler's inner circle at the Berghof, he was selected by Philipp Bouhler, the head of Hitler's Chancellery, to administer the Aktion T4 euthanasia program. Brandt was later appointed the Reich Commissioner of Health and Emergency Services (Bevollmächtigter für das Sanitäts- und Gesundheitswesen). Accused of involvement in human experimentation and other war crimes, Brandt was indicted in late 1946 and faced trial before a U.S. military tribunal along with 22 others in the Doctors' Trial. He was found guilty, sentenced to death, and executed on 2 June 1948.
The Portrait (2023 film)
The Portrait is a 2023 British psychological thriller film starring Natalia Cordova-Buckley, Ryan Kwanten, Isidora Goreshter, Mark-Paul Gosselaar and Virginia Madsen. Directed by Simon Ross, in his feature debut, and written by David Griffiths, the plot is about a wife accidentally causing her husband's brain injury and being haunted by a portrait that resembles him.

The film premiered at San Diego Film Festival on 20 October 2023, and was released in the United Kingdom through digital platforms on 11 December 2023.

Mark-Paul Gosselaar
Mark-Paul Harry Gosselaar (/ˈɡɒslər/; born March 1, 1974) is an American actor. He is best known for playing Zack Morris in the NBC series Saved by the Bell (1989–1993), its sequel Saved by the Bell: The College Years (1993–1994), and the next-generation revival on Peacock (2020). For this role, he won three Young Artist Awards in 1991 and 1993, and a YoungStar Award in 1995, as well as other accolades.

He was the lead in the film Dead Man on Campus (1998). He played Detective John Clark Jr. in the ABC police drama NYPD Blue (2001–2005), Peter Bash in the TNT legal series Franklin & Bash (2011–2014), and Paul Jackson in the ABC sitcom series Mixed-ish (2019–2021). He starred in the single-season Fox series Pitch (2016) and The Passage (2019). He was the main antagonist in the weekly NBC procedural drama Found (2023–2025).
Swimming at the 2024 Summer Olympics – Men's 4 × 200-metre freestyle relay
The men's 4 × 200 metre freestyle relay event at the 2024 Summer Olympics was held on 30 July 2024 at Paris La Défense Arena, which was converted to a swimming pool for the swimming events.

Great Britain were considered the most likely to win the event, with the US, South Korea, Australia and China also likely to win medals. In the heats (preliminary rounds), all of those teams qualified, while Israel's quartet beat and lowered their country's national record.

In the final, Great Britain and the United States swam closely to each other for most of the race, and Great Britain won gold with a time of 6:59.43. The US finished second with 7:00.78 and Australia finished third with 7:01.98. The quartet's win made them the first British team to win a relay event at consecutive Olympics in swimming or athletics.

Australia at the 2024 Summer Olympics
Australia competed at the 2024 Summer Olympics at Paris from 26 July to 11 August 2024. Australian athletes have appeared in every Summer Olympic Games of the modern era, alongside France, Great Britain, Greece, and Switzerland. As Brisbane will stage the 2032 Summer Olympics, Australia and the United States, the next nation to host the 2028 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, marched before the homebound French team entering the Place du Trocadéro during the parade of nations segment of the opening ceremony.

The Australian Olympic team left Paris with 53 medals winning 18 gold, marking the country's most successful Olympic campaign in terms of gold medals, and the second most successful in terms of overall medals after Sydney 2000, where 58 medals were won.
Serhii Plokhy
Serhii Mykolayovych Plokhy (Ukrainian: Сергій Миколайович Плохій; born 23 May 1957) is a historian and author. He is the Mykhailo Hrushevsky professor of Ukrainian history at Harvard University, where between 2013 and 2025 he also served as the director of the Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute.

Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute
The Harvard Ukrainian Research Institute (HURI) is a research institute affiliated with Harvard University devoted to Ukrainian studies, including the history, culture, language, literature, and politics of Ukraine. Other areas of study include sociology, archaeology, art, economics, and anthropology.
1993 Tour de France, Stage 11 to Stage 20
The 1993 Tour de France was the 80th edition of Tour de France, one of cycling's Grand Tours. The Tour began in Le Puy du Fou with a prologue individual time trial on 3 July and Stage 11 occurred on 15 July with a mountainous stage from Serre Chevalier. The race finished on the Champs-Élysées in Paris on 25 July.

Serre Chevalier
Serre Chevalier (French pronunciation: [sɛʁ ʃəvalje]) is a major ski resort in Southeastern France, near the Italian border, located in the Hautes-Alpes department, Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region. Situated to the northeast of Écrins National Park in the French Alps, the resort encompasses a large skiing area, with 250 km (155 mi) of slopes and favourable weather, boasting 300 days of sunshine a year. In Serre Chevalier, 80 km (50 mi) of the slopes are covered by snow cannons to supplement natural snowfall. The resort is owned by Compagnie des Alpes.

Serre Chevalier consists of the city of Briançon, the villages of Chantemerle in Saint-Chaffrey and Villeneuve in La Salle-les-Alpes, as well as Le Monêtier-les-Bains. World Cup champion ski racer Luc Alphand was born and lives in the valley below the resort.
Myriostoma coliforme
Myriostoma coliforme, commonly known as the saltshaker earthstar or pepper pot, is a fungal species in the family Geastraceae. The basidiocarps resemble earthstars, but the spore sac is supported by multiple columns (instead of a single column) and has multiple ostioles instead of a single, apical ostiole. It has also been called "salt-shaker earthstar".

The fungus has a north temperate distribution, but was formerly thought to be more widespread due to confusion with related Myriostoma species. It is an uncommon species and appears on the Red Lists of 12 European countries. In 2004 it was one of 33 species proposed for protection under the Bern Convention by the European Council for Conservation of Fungi.

Ostiole
An ostiole is a small hole or opening through which algae or fungi release their mature spores.

The word is a  diminutive of "ostium", "opening".

The term is also used in higher plants, for example to denote the opening of the involuted  syconium (fig inflorescence) through which fig wasps enter to pollinate and breed.
The species pharamacosycea have an arrangement  interlocking pattern but there is an exception because of insipdia because it is partly cover the ostiole. On the adaxial side of the bracts is made out of cubic cells, that has a staining reactions and contain phenolic compounds.

Sometimes a stomatal aperture is called an "ostiole".
Mycena purpureofusca
Mycena purpureofusca, commonly known as the purple edge bonnet, is a species of agaric fungus in the family Mycenaceae. First described by Charles Horton Peck in 1885, The mushroom is named for the characteristic dark greyish-purple color of its gill edges.

The fruit bodies have conical to bell-shaped purple caps up to 2.5 cm (1 in) set atop slender stipes up to 10 cm (4 in) long. In the field, the mushrooms can usually be distinguished from similar species by characteristics such as the dark purple gill edges, the deep purple cap center, and its cartilagineous consistency.

The species is found in Europe and North America, where it grows on the decaying wood and debris of conifers, including cones. It contains a laccase enzyme that has been investigated scientifically for its potential to detoxify recalcitrant industrial dyes used in textile dyeing and printing processes.

Charles Horton Peck
Charles Horton Peck (March 30, 1833 – July 11, 1917) was an American mycologist of the 19th and early 20th centuries. He was the New York State Botanist from 1867 to 1915, a period in which he described over 2,700 species of North American fungi.
The Black Hamptons
The Black Hamptons is an American drama television series created by Carl Weber and based on his novel of the same name. The series revolved around feuding New York families, the Brittons and the Johnsons. The show features an ensemble cast led by Lamman Rucker, Vanessa Bell Calloway and Elise Neal. It premiered on BET+ on August 25, 2022. On September 29, 2023, the series was renewed for a second season which premiered on December 7, 2023.

Elise Neal
Elise Demetria Neal (born March 14, 1966) is an American actress known for her work in television and film. She rose to prominence in 1997 with roles in Rosewood, Money Talks, and Scream 2. She later starred as Yvonne Hughley in the ABC/UPN sitcom The Hughleys (1998–2002), earning two NAACP Image Award nominations for Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series. Her notable film credits include Restaurant (1998), Mission to Mars (2000), and Logan (2017). For her performance in Hustle & Flow (2005), she received a Screen Actors Guild Award nomination for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture.
Hutson (album)
Hutson is the third album recorded by R&B singer Leroy Hutson on Curtis Mayfield's Curtom record label. The album was to become the start of a creative peak for Hutson, and together with Feel The Spirit and Hutson II, marked him as one of Soul music's most talented and engaging artists.

Hutson II
Hutson II is the fifth solo album by Leroy Hutson. It was released November 1976 on Curtom Records. This album bookended Hutson's trilogy of classic albums he released between 1975 and 1977. It is considered to be one of his greatest albums.
Ofelia Domínguez Navarro
Ofelia Domínguez Navarro (Mataguá, December 9, 1894 – Havana, July 7, 1976) was a Cuban writer, teacher, lawyer, feminist and activist. She was a proponent of the rights of women and illegitimate children. As a journalist, Domínguez Navarro supported feminist views while writing for various media in Cuba, and in 1935, became the first woman newspaper director in the country with  La Palabra.






She was noted as one of the leading intellectuals of the decades of 1930 and 1940, with Mirta Aguirre and Mariblanca Sabas Aloma.

Mariblanca Sabas Alomá
Mariblanca Sabas Alomá (February 10, 1901 – July 19, 1983) was a Cuban feminist, journalist and poet. A political activist, she was also a Minister without portfolio in the Cuban government under Carlos Prio.  Her writing was devoted to the cause of women's rights, particularly the right to vote.
Upper Hat Creek
Upper Hat Creek is a rural locality and ranching community in British Columbia, Canada, located roughly midway between the towns of Cache Creek and Lillooet, located near the headwaters of Hat Creek.  Comprising the upper basin of Hat Creek the area is home to some of the oldest ranches in British Columbia.  At the area's northeastern edge, near Marble Canyon, large lignite deposits have spurred interest since first discovered by prospectors during the Fraser Canyon Gold Rush and are the basis of the aborted Hat Creek coal-thermal proposal.  During the gold rush, a trail from Foster Bar led through Upper Hat Creek to the Bonaparte River and then northwards via the Brigade Trail.

Cache Creek, British Columbia
50°48′43″N 121°19′24″W﻿ / ﻿50.81194°N 121.32333°W﻿ / 50.81194; -121.32333

Cache Creek is a historic transportation junction and incorporated village 354 kilometres (220 mi) northeast of Vancouver in British Columbia, Canada. It is on the Trans-Canada Highway in the province of British Columbia at a junction with Highway 97.  The same intersection and the town that grew around it was at the point on the Cariboo Wagon Road where a branch road, and previously only a trail, led east to Savona's Ferry on Kamloops Lake. This community is also the point at which a small stream, once known as Riviere de la Cache, joins the Bonaparte River.
Finegold (surname)
Finegold is a surname. It is an alternate spelling of Feingold, meaning "fine gold". Notable people with this surname include:

Avi Finegold, Canadian rabbi

Barry Finegold (1971–), American politician

Ben Finegold (1969–), American chess International Grandmaster

Gina Linn Finegold, Belgian and American chess player

Rachel Kohl Finegold, Canadian rabba

Sydney M. Finegold (1921–2018), American physician and medical researcher

Feingold
Feingold is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:

Benjamin Feingold (1899–1982), American pediatric allergist
Feingold diet, named after Benjamin Feingold

David Sidney Feingold (1922–2019), American biochemist

Eleanor Feingold, American statistical geneticist

Ilay Feingold (born 2004), Israeli footballer

Kenneth Feingold (born 1952), American artist

Marko Feingold (1913–2019), Austrian Holocaust survivor

Michael Feingold (1945–2022), American critic, translator, lyricist, and playwright

Russ Feingold (born 1953), American politician

Sharon Feingold, American voice actress
Stephan Witasek
Stephan Witasek (1870-1915) was an Austrian philosopher noted for his contribution to the development of the Graz School. He is cited as the most talented psychologist of the school and was groomed as Alexius Meinong's successor. Witasek is noted for developing a theory of aesthetics within the Graz School's abstract object theory.

Alexius Meinong
Alexius Meinong von Handschuchsheim (German: [ˈmaɪnɔŋ]; 17 July 1853 – 27 November 1920) was an Austrian philosopher, a realist known for his unique ontology and theory of objects. He also made contributions to philosophy of mind and theory of value.: 1–3
1958 New Brunswick Liberal Association leadership election
The New Brunswick Liberal Association held a leadership election on October 11, 1958, in Fredericton, New Brunswick, to elect a new leader for the party. The position was left vacant following former leader Austin Claude Taylor's appointment to the Senate of Canada in early 1957.

The leadership election saw seven total candidates in three ballots; during the first ballot, one was eliminated and three withdrew. Louis Robichaud won the overall election with 517 votes during the third ballot.

Louis Robichaud
Louis Joseph Robichaud PC CC ONB QC (October 21, 1925 – January 6, 2005), popularly known as "Little Louis" or "P'tit-Louis", was the second (but first elected) Acadian premier of New Brunswick, serving from 1960 to 1970.

With the Equal Opportunity program, the language rights act of 1969 establishing New Brunswick as an officially bilingual province, and for his role in the creation of the Université de Moncton, Robichaud is credited with ushering in major social reform in New Brunswick.
Thomas Clyde (film producer)
Thomas Clyde (24 June 1917 – February 1999) was a British film producer. He was the grandson of William Pancoast Clyde, head of the Clyde Steamship Company, and the younger brother of William Pancoast “Little Billy” Clyde, the Olympic skier. He was the father of actor and musician Jeremy Clyde.

Valerian Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington
Brigadier Arthur Valerian Wellesley, 8th Duke of Wellington (2 July 1915 – 31 December 2014), styled Marquess of Douro between 1943 and 1972, was a British peer and army officer. His main residence was Stratfield Saye House in Hampshire.

He was a member of the House of Lords from 1972 until 1999, losing his seat by the House of Lords Act.
Pit Inn (jazz club)
The Pit Inn (ピットイン) is a jazz club in Shinjuku, Tokyo. The original opened in 1965 and was forced by demolition to close in 1992. It re-opened at a different site in Shinjuku later that year. DownBeat wrote in 2019 that the Pit Inn "is almost universally regarded as Japan's most important jazz club".

Shinjuku
Shinjuku (Japanese: 新宿区, Hepburn: Shinjuku-ku; IPA: [ɕiɲdʑɯkɯ] ⓘ), officially called Shinjuku City, is one of the 23 special wards of Tokyo.

Since the end of World War II, Shinjuku has become a major secondary center of Tokyo (fukutoshin), rivaling the original city center in Marunouchi. Today, it is a major commercial and administrative center, housing the busiest railway station in the world (Shinjuku Station) as well as the Tokyo Metropolitan Government Building, the administrative center of the Tokyo Metropolitan Government.

As of 2025, the ward has an estimated population of 355,981, living in a total area of 18.23 km2.
Principality of Tver
The Principality of Tver (Russian: Тверское княжество, romanized: Tverskoye knyazhestvo) was a Russian principality which existed between the 13th and the 15th centuries with its capital in Tver. The principality was located approximately in the area currently occupied by Tver Oblast and the eastern part of Smolensk Oblast.

It was one of the states established after the fall of Kievan Rus'. Originally part of the Pereyaslavl-Zalessky principality, Tver became an independent principality when Yaroslav Yaroslavich was given the western slice of his father's patrimony. During the 14th century, Tver rivaled the Principality of Moscow with the aim to become the center of the unified Russian state. Eventually it lost, decayed, and in 1485, it was annexed by Moscow.

Yaroslav of Tver
Yaroslav III Yaroslavich (Russian: Ярослав Ярославич; 1230–1271) was the first Prince of Tver from 1247, and Grand Prince of Vladimir from 1263 until his death in 1271. All the later princes of Tver descended from him.

Yaroslav and his son Mikhail presided over Tver's transformation into one of the greatest centres of power in medieval Russia which would compete with Moscow.
United Nations Security Council Resolution 1495
United Nations Security Council resolution 1495, adopted unanimously on 31 July 2003, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Western Sahara, particularly Resolution 1429 (2002), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) until 31 October 2003 and supported the Baker Plan put forth by James Baker III, who was at that time the Special Representative for Western Sahara of the Secretary-General Kofi Annan, as a replacement of the 1991 Settlement Plan. The resolution, adopted after significant changes to the original draft, was welcomed by the Polisario Front, which supported the Baker Plan, but not by Morocco, which resisted it.

United Nations Security Council Resolution 1429
United Nations Security Council resolution 1429, adopted unanimously on 30 July 2002, after recalling all previous resolutions on the situation in Western Sahara, particularly resolutions 1359 (2001) and 1394 (2001), the Council extended the mandate of the United Nations Mission for the Referendum in Western Sahara (MINURSO) for six months until 31 January 2003.
Nidder
The Nidder (German pronunciation: [ˈnɪdɐ]) is a 69 km-long (43 mi) river in Hesse, Germany, and part of the Main-Rhine system.

From its source at Herchenhainer Höhe it flows down to Bad Vilbel where it meets with the Nidda. The Bonifatiusweg, the route taken to bring the body of Saint Boniface from Mainz to Fulda, runs along the right (north) bank of the river.

Main (river)
The Main (German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪn] ⓘ) is the longest tributary of the Rhine, one of the major European rivers. It rises as the White Main in the Fichtel Mountains of northeastern Bavaria and flows west through central Germany for 525 kilometres (326 mi) to meet the Rhine below Rüsselsheim, Hesse. The cities of Mainz and Wiesbaden are close to the confluence.

The largest cities on the Main are Frankfurt am Main, Offenbach am Main and Würzburg. It is the longest river lying entirely in Germany (if the Weser-Werra are considered separate).
Michael Napier Brown
Michael Patrick Napier-Brown (17 March 1937 – 18 August 2016) was a British actor, theatre director, and playwright who was the chief executive and artistic director of the Royal Theatre in Northampton for over 20 years.

Artistic director
An artistic director is the executive of an arts organization, particularly in a theatre company or dance company, who handles the organization's artistic direction. They are generally a producer and director, but not in the sense of a mogul, since the organization is generally a non-profit organization. The artistic director of a theatre company is the individual with the overarching artistic control of the theatre's production choices, directorial choices, and overall artistic vision.  In smaller theatres, the artistic director may be the founder of the theatre and the primary director of its plays.  In larger non-profit theatres (often known in Canada and the United States as regional theatres), the artistic director may be appointed by the board of directors.
Paragyromitra infula
Paragyromitra infula, commonly known as the hooded false morel or the elfin saddle, is a species of fungus in the family Discinaceae. The dark reddish-brown caps of the fruit bodies develop a characteristic saddle-shape in maturity, and the ends of both saddle lobes are drawn out to sharp tips that project above the level of the fruit body. The stipe is white or flushed pale brown, smooth on the outside, but hollow with some chambers inside.

P. infula is found in the Northern Hemisphere, usually in the late summer and autumn, growing on rotting wood or on hard packed ground. The species has been considered poisonous, believed to contain the toxic compound gyromitrin, but a 2023 study has thrown this into doubt.

Gyromitrin
Gyromitrin is a toxin and carcinogen present in several members of the fungal genus Gyromitra, like G. esculenta. Its formula is C4H8N2O. It is unstable and is easily hydrolyzed to the toxic compound monomethylhydrazine CH3NHNH2. Monomethylhydrazine acts on the central nervous system and interferes with the normal use and function of vitamin B6. Poisoning results in nausea, stomach cramps, and diarrhea, while severe poisoning can result in convulsions, jaundice, or even coma or death. Exposure to monomethylhydrazine has been shown to be carcinogenic in small mammals.