hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1875 Quebec general election
The 1875 Quebec general election was held on July 7, 1875, to elect members of the 3rd Legislative Assembly for the Province of Quebec, Canada. The Quebec Conservative Party, led by Charles-Eugène Boucher de Boucherville, defeated the Quebec Liberal Party, led by Henri-Gustave Joly de Lotbinière.

The election was the first one held under the new Quebec Elections Act, passed by the de Boucherville government to replace the pre-Confederation elections law. The new law provided for the secret ballot in Quebec elections for the first time. Under the pre-Confederation elections law, each voter had been required to publicly declare their vote to the elections officials, a form of open ballotting.

Open ballot system
An open ballot system is a voting method in which voters vote openly, in contrast to a secret ballot, where a voter's choices are confidential.

The open ballot system was the norm prior to Australia adopting the secret ballot in 1856. It was used in Argentina until the adoption of the secret ballot in 1912. In the late twentieth century, the open ballot was used in the Third Nigerian Republic during the 1993 Nigerian presidential election (the method was referred to as "Option A4"), an election widely considered by Nigerians as a significant symbol of democracy in Nigerian political history.
Marcus Antonius Polemo II
Marcus Antonius Polemo II (Ancient Greek : Μάρκος Ἀντώνιος Πολέμων Πυθόδωρος) (died c. 69/72), dynast of Olba and king in Cilicia between 54-69/72. This character has sometimes been confused with his contemporary cousin and almost namesake Polemon II of Pontus.

Olba (ancient city)
Olba or Olbe (Ancient Greek: Ὄλβη; Turkish: Oura) was an ancient city and bishopric in the Roman province of Isauria, in present-day southern Turkey. It is included in the Catholic Church's list of Latin titular sees.
Under the Top
Under the Top is a 1919 American silent comedy film directed by Donald Crisp, written by John Emerson, Gardner Hunting, and Anita Loos, and starring Fred Stone, Ella Hall, Lester Le May, Sylvia Ashton, James Cruze, and Guy Oliver. It was released on January 5, 1919, by Paramount Pictures.

Only a fragment of this film has managed to survive.

Fred Stone
Fred Andrew Stone (August 19, 1873 – March 6, 1959) was an American actor. Stone began his career as a performer in circuses and minstrel shows, went on to act in vaudeville, and became a star on Broadway and in feature films, which earned him a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Asymphorodes
Asymphorodes is a genus in the subfamily Cosmopteriginae of the cosmet moth family (Cosmopterigidae). It is placed here based on the presence of pleural lobes on the 8th sternite of the males, which is an apomorphy for the cosmet family. Asymphorodes are found in southern Polynesia as well as the Hawaiian and the Solomon Islands, and are notable for their adaptive radiation on the Marquesas Islands.

Cosmopterigidae
The Cosmopterigidae  are a family of insects (cosmet moths) in the order Lepidoptera. These are small moths with narrow wings whose tiny larvae feed internally on the leaves, seeds and stems of their host plants. About 1500 species have been described. The taxonomic family is most diverse in the Australian and Pacific region with about 780 species.

Several genera formerly included here have been moved to the Agonoxeninae.
Herbert Carmichael Irwin
Flight Lieutenant Herbert Carmichael "Bird" Irwin, AFC (26 June 1894 – 5 October 1930) was an Irish aviator and Olympic athlete.

During World War I, Irwin served in the Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS), where he commanded non-rigid airships. After the Great War, the "tall sensitive Irishman" commanded larger rigid airships, initially for the Royal Air Force (RAF) and later on secondment to the (civilian) Royal Airship Works as part of the Imperial Airship Scheme.

Both before and after WWI, Irwin also had a successful career as a middle- and long-distance and cross-country runner, and he represented Great Britain at the 1920 Summer Olympics in Antwerp, Belgium.

Irwin's aviation career culminated in his command of the airship R101, the largest airship in the world at the time; he was killed along with another 47 people when it crashed in northern France on a flight from Britain to India.

Royal Naval Air Service
The Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) was the air arm of the Royal Navy, under the direction of the Admiralty's Air Department, and existed formally from 1 July 1914 to 1 April 1918, when it was merged with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps to form the Royal Air Force (RAF), the world's first independent air force.

It was replaced by the Fleet Air Arm, initially consisting of those RAF units that normally operated from ships, but emerging as a separate unit similar to the original RNAS by the time of the Second World War.
Accept the Fact
Accept the Fact is the third studio album by the Finnish power metal band Warmen, released in 2005. Like its predecessor Beyond Abilities, the album's name and title track are based on the film Amadeus. "Return of Salieri" is the last part of a trilogy of songs referencing the composer Antonio Salieri and using quotes from the movie. The album debuted at number 40 on the Official Finnish Charts. "Somebody's Watching Me" was released as a single and it peaked at number 7 on the Official Finnish Charts.

Beyond Abilities
Beyond Abilities is the second studio album by the Finnish power metal band Warmen, released in 2001. It has more tracks with vocals than its predecessor, Unknown Soldier. The CD's name and title track, as well as the track "Salieri Strikes Back" come from the movie Amadeus. "Alone" was released as a single and peaked at number 15 on the Official Finnish Charts.
Kenneth Symington
Kenneth A. Symington of Cañal was a British-Cuban civic leader and the last National Executive Commissioner of the Asociación de Scouts de Cuba (Scout Association of Cuba).

Born in Cuba of English and Cuban parentage. He lived in Cuba until he moved to the US to attend college at Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, where he graduated with a degree in Chemical Engineering. He subsequently worked as an executive for many years in several major American corporations. After retirement, he lived in California, and owned and operated several small businesses. His credits include several books, some translated from Spanish to English and published in the USA.

Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute (/rɛnsəˈlɪər/ ren-sə-LEER; RPI) is a private research university in Troy, New York, United States. It is the oldest technological university in the English-speaking world and the Western Hemisphere. It was established in 1824 by Stephen Van Rensselaer and Amos Eaton for the "application of science to the common purposes of life".

Built on a hillside, RPI's 265-acre (107 ha) campus overlooks the city of Troy and the Hudson River. The institute operates an on‑campus business incubator and the 1,250-acre (510 ha) Rensselaer Technology Park.

RPI is organized into six main schools which contain 37 departments, with emphasis on science and technology. It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities: Very High Research Activity".
2014 ITF Women's Circuit – Xi'an
The 2014 ITF Women's Circuit – Xi'an was a professional tennis tournament played on outdoor hard courts. It was the first edition of the tournament which was part of the 2014 ITF Women's Circuit, offering a total of $50,000 in prize money. It took place in Xi'an, China, on 23–29 June 2014.

ITF Women's Circuit – Xi'an
The ITF Women's Circuit – Xi'an was a tournament for professional female tennis players played on outdoor hard courts. The event was classified as a $50,000 ITF Women's Circuit tournament and only held once in 2014.
Josh Meekings
Josh Meekings (born 2 September 1992) is an English professional footballer and coach who plays as a central defender for Highland League club Clachnacuddin. Meekings has previously played for Ipswich Town, Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Dundee, Wealdstone and Brora Rangers, the latter of whom Meekings was also player-assistant manager for.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle F.C.
Inverness Caledonian Thistle Football Club, commonly known as Caley Thistle, Inverness CT or just Inverness, is a professional football club based in Inverness, Scotland. The team competes in Scottish League One, the third tier of the Scottish Professional Football League, and plays its home games at Caledonian Stadium.

Inverness Caledonian Thistle won the Scottish Cup in 2015, were runners-up in 2023 and were also runners-up in the Scottish League Cup in 2014. They have also won the Scottish Challenge Cup three times and the Scottish Football League First Division twice. Its highest Premiership position is third in 2014–15.
Grace O'Flanagan
Grace O'Flanagan (born 7 April 1989) is an Ireland women's field hockey international. She was a member of the Ireland team that played in the 2018 Women's Hockey World Cup final. In 2009 O'Flanagan also won an Irish Senior Cup final with UCD and in 2012–13 won a Women's Irish Hockey League/Irish Senior Cup double with Railway Union. O'Flanagan is also a qualified doctor.

Women's Irish Hockey League
The Women's Irish Hockey League is a field hockey league organised by Hockey Ireland that features women's teams from both the Republic of Ireland and Northern Ireland. The league was first played for during the 2008–09 season. It replaced the All-Ireland Club Championships as the top level women's field hockey competition in Ireland. Since 2015–16 the league has been sponsored by Ernst & Young and, as a result, it is also known as the EY Hockey League. The league has previously been sponsored by the ESB Group and Electric Ireland.
Herbert Island
Herbert Island (Aleut: Chiĝulax̂; Russian: Херберт) is an island in the Islands of Four Mountains subgroup of the Aleutian archipelago. It is 3.1 miles (5.0 km) from Chuginadak Island, separated by the Chuginadak Pass. Yunaska Island is 16 miles (26 km) west southwest of Herbert Island.
Measuring 6.2 miles (10.0 km) across, Herbert Island is somewhat circular in shape and is covered by the 4,200-foot (1,300 m) Herbert Volcano, whose 2-kilometre (1.2 mi) wide caldera is one of the largest in the Aleutian Islands. The Herbert Volcano is most likely a stratovolcano. There have been no recorded eruptions here.

The island is 8.95 km (5.56 mi) long and 9.14 km (5.68 mi) wide.

Chuginadak Island
Chuginadak Island (Aleut: Tanax̂ Angunax̂; Russian: Чугинадак) is the largest island in the Islands of Four Mountains subgroup of the Aleutian archipelago. Chuginadak is an Aleutian name published by Captain Tebenkov in an 1852 map. According to Knut Bergsland's Aleut Dictionary, the Aleutian word "chugida-lix" means "to fry, to make sizzle." The Western half of the island is called Chuginadax in Aleut, meaning 'simmering'.

The island is approximately 14 by 6 miles (22.5 by 9.7 km) long and the currently active Mount Cleveland stratovolcano forms the entire western half of the land mass and the eastern half of the island is the heavily eroded and less famous stratovolcano Tana. These halves of landmasses are connected with a small strip of land.

The only major geographical place is Applegate Cove (2.5 miles across) (Chuguuĝix̂) on the Northern coast. The cove was named for Samuel Applegate, USC&GS, who commanded the schooner Nellie Juan during a survey of this area in the 1880s.
Leo S. Ullman
Leo Ullman (born 1939) is a baseball memorabilia collector and Holocaust survivor. He collected over 15,000 items of baseball memorabilia, including the largest collection of Nolan Ryan memorabilia, which he donated to Stockton University in 2022.

Stockton University
Stockton University is a public university in Galloway Township, New Jersey, United States. It is a part of New Jersey's public system of higher education. It is named for Richard Stockton, one of the New Jersey signers of the U.S. Declaration of Independence. Founded in 1969, Stockton enrolled its first class in 1971. Stockton is accredited by the Middle States Commission on Higher Education. The university has a second campus in Atlantic City.
Ferraris' motor
In 1885, Galileo Ferraris demonstrated an induction motor that also involved using two pairs of electromagnets to create a rotating magnetic field, though he did this independently of Baily. His motor more closely resembled modern ones in that the electromagnets surrounded a cylinder. More significantly, however, he proposed creating a true rotating magnetic field for it by supplying two sine wave alternating currents 90° apart. He gave his first public demonstration of the motor in 1888.

Rotating magnetic field
A rotating magnetic field (RMF) is the resultant magnetic field produced by a system of coils symmetrically placed and supplied with polyphase currents. A rotating magnetic field can be produced by a poly-phase (two or more phases) current or by a single phase current provided that, in the latter case, two field windings are supplied and are so designed that the two resulting magnetic fields generated thereby are out of phase.

Rotating magnetic fields are often utilized for electromechanical applications, such as induction motors, electric generators and induction regulators.
Ourida Chouaki
Ourida Chouaki (1953 or 1954 – 12 August 2015) was an Algerian women's rights activist. Founder of an association campaigning for reform to the Algerian Family Code she coordinated the 20 ans, barakat! which successfully brought about the replacement of the law in 2004.  She also worked for the Marche mondiale des Femmes.

Algerian Family Code
The Algerian Family Code (French: Code de Famille, Arabic: قانون الأسرة), enacted on June 9, 1984, specifies the laws relating to familial relations in Algeria. It includes strong elements of Islamic law which have brought it praise from Islamists and condemnation from secularists and feminists.
Ankita Das
Ankita Das (Bengali: অঙ্কিতা দাস; born 17 July 1993) is an Indian table tennis player from Siliguri, West Bengal. She participated in the World Championship and reached the quarter-finals.

She represented India at the 2012 London Summer Olympics in Women's singles event.
She was also the youngest girl in that Olympic.

Table tennis at the 2012 Summer Olympics – Women's singles
The women's singles table tennis event was a part of the table tennis programme at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London. The event took place from Saturday 28 July to Wednesday 1 August 2012 at ExCeL London. The tournament was a single elimination tournament with a third place playoff played between the two losing semi-finalists.

The draw was conducted on 25 July 2012.
WRR (FM)
WRR (101.1 MHz) is a listener-supported, non-commercial FM radio station in Dallas, Texas, United States, which provides a full-time classical music radio format. While the station is municipally-owned by the City of Dallas, it is operated by North Texas Public Broadcasting, the owner of NPR member KERA (90.1 FM), adult album alternative station KKXT (91.7 FM), and PBS member KERA-TV (channel 13). WRR's studios are in the Fair Park complex in South Dallas.

WRR is a Class C station. It has an effective radiated power (ERP) of 100,000 watts, and transmits an HD Radio signal. The station's transmitter is located on West Belt Line Road in Cedar Hill.

Over the years, private broadcasters in the Dallas–Fort Worth radio market have made numerous but unsuccessful calls for privatizing the station. In January 2023, it transitioned from a commercial radio station to non-profit and listener-supported.

Cedar Hill, Texas
Cedar Hill is a city in Dallas and Ellis counties in the U.S. state of Texas. It is located approximately 16 miles (26 km) southwest of downtown Dallas and is situated along the eastern shore of Joe Pool Lake and Cedar Hill State Park. Per the 2020 United States census, the population was 49,148. Cedar Hill is a suburb of the city of Dallas and is part of the Best Southwest area, which includes the nearby cities of DeSoto, Duncanville, and Lancaster.

Early in its history, Cedar Hill lay along a branch of the Chisholm Trail and served as the temporary county seat of Dallas County. In 1856, a tornado swept through the town, killing nine people and destroying most of its buildings. The seat of the county was moved to Dallas not long after.
Des Voeux Island
Des Voeux Island is a part of the Queen Elizabeth Islands and the Arctic Archipelago within the territory of Nunavut. It is an irregularly shaped island situated in the Queens Channel, closer to Bathurst Island than to Devon Island.

The island is named in honour of Sir George William Des Vœux, a former Governor General of Newfoundland and Labrador and Governor of Hong Kong.

Devon Island
Devon Island (Inuktitut: ᑕᓪᓗᕈᑎᑦ, Tallurutit) is an island in Canada and the largest uninhabited island (no permanent human residents) in the world. It is located in Baffin Bay, Qikiqtaaluk Region, Nunavut, Canada. It is one of the largest members of the Arctic Archipelago, the second-largest of the Queen Elizabeth Islands, Canada's sixth-largest island, and the 27th-largest island in the world. It has an area of 55,247 km2 (21,331 sq mi) (slightly smaller than Croatia). The bedrock is Precambrian gneiss and Paleozoic siltstones and shales. The highest point is the Devon Ice Cap at 1,920 m (6,300 ft) which is part of the Arctic Cordillera. Devon Island contains several small mountain ranges, such as the Treuter Mountains, Haddington Range, and Cunningham Mountains, as well as the Haughton impact crater. The notable similarity of its surface to that of Mars has attracted interest from scientists.
Oyez Project
The Oyez Project is an unofficial online multimedia archive website for the Supreme Court of the United States. It was initiated by the Illinois Institute of Technology's Chicago-Kent College of Law and now also sponsored by Cornell Law School Legal Information Institute and Justia.

The website has emphasis on the court's audio of oral arguments. The website "aims to be a complete and authoritative source for all audio recorded in the Court since [...] October 1955." The website also includes biographical information of both incumbent and historical justices of the Court and advocates who have argued before the court. The project's name refers to the interjection, "Oyez", that is spoken by the Supreme Court Marshal at the beginning of each argument session. The website was founded by Jerry Goldman, a research professor of law at the Chicago-Kent College of Law at Illinois Institute of Technology.

Legal Information Institute
The Legal Information Institute (LII) is a non-profit public service of Cornell Law School that provides no-cost access to current American and international legal research sources online. Founded in 1992 by Peter Martin and Tom Bruce, LII was the first law site developed on the internet. LII electronically publishes on the Web the U.S. Code, U.S. Supreme Court opinions, Uniform Commercial Code, the US Code of Federal Regulations, several Federal Rules, and a variety of other American primary law materials. LII also provides access to other national and international sources, such as treaties and United Nations materials. According to its website, the LII serves over 40 million unique visitors per year.

Since its inception, the Legal Information Institute has inspired others around the world to develop namesake operations. These services are part of the Free Access to Law Movement.
Frank Tolles Chamberlin
Frank Tolles Chamberlin (March 10, 1873 – July 24, 1961) was an American painter, muralist, sculptor, and art teacher.

He studied at the Art Students League with George DeForest Brush and George Bridgman.
He taught for four years at the Beaux-Arts Institute of Design, and spent summers at MacDowell.

He taught at the Otis Institute, in 1921, as a founding faculty member at the Chouinard Art Institute, and at the University of Southern California School of Architecture. His work was part of the sculpture event in the art competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics.

In 1918, he married Katharine Beecher Stetson, the only daughter of artist Charles Walter Stetson and writer/feminist Charlotte Perkins Gilman.

Art competitions at the 1932 Summer Olympics
Art competitions were held as part of the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, United States.  Medals were awarded in five categories (architecture, literature, music, painting, and sculpture), for works inspired by sport-related themes.

Art competitions were part of the Olympic program from 1912 to 1948, but were discontinued due to concerns about amateurism and professionalism.  Since 1952, a non-competitive art and cultural festival has been associated with each game.
Dustin Dobravsky
Dustin Dobravsky (born 21 November 1991) is a German born Canadian rugby union player who plays as a flanker  or No8 representing Canada internationally. On 9 October 2019, he was called up to the Canadian squad for the 2019 Rugby World Cup as an injury replacement to Mike Sheppard.

Mike Sheppard (rugby union)
Michael Sheppard aka ‘Shep’ (born December 20, 1988) is a Canadian rugby union player. He played   Lock and Flanker for the Toronto Arrows in Major League Rugby (MLR) from their exhibition year in 2018 - 2023.
Luis Chacón
Luis Rodríguez Chacón (born 30 May 2000) is a Spanish footballer who plays for Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa, on loan from Deportivo de La Coruña. Mainly a winger, he can also play as an attacking midfielder.

Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa
Cultural y Deportiva Leonesa (Spanish pronunciation: [kultuˈɾal i ðepoɾˈtiβa leoˈnesa]), better known as Cultural Leonesa or La Cultural, is a Spanish football team based in León, in the autonomous community of Castile and Leon. Founded on 5 August 1923, it currently plays in Segunda División, holding home games at Estadio Reino de León, with a capacity of 13,346 seats.

Ahead of the 2014–15 season, the club released a kit designed to look like a tuxedo. The kit, which attracted huge attention in the media and social networking sites, was worn in a pre-season charity match in support of local charities for mining families.
Iqbal Survé
Iqbal Survé (born 1963) is a South African businessman who is the chairman of Sekunjalo Investment Holdings, a diversified investment firm based in Cape Town, and the chairman of Independent Media, which publishes a number of newspapers as well as the Independent Online news website. Survé and his companies have come under investigation for alleged state capture and corrupt dealings with the government-controlled Public Investment Corporation.

Public Investment Corporation
The Public Investment Corporation (PIC) is a South African state-owned entity (SOC) with R2.693 trillion (USD 142 Billion) of assets under management as of 31 March 2024. It is Africa's largest asset manager. Established in 1911, it holds large stakes in several South African companies, and is one of the entities through which the government implements its policy of Broad-Based Black Economic Empowerment.  The PIC is also responsible for investing in the South African Government Employees Pension Fund (GEPF).