hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Ṣ
Ṣ (minuscule: ṣ) is a letter of the Latin alphabet, formed from an S with the addition of a dot below the letter. Its uses include:

the romanization of Semitic languages to represent an "emphatic s" [sˤ], such as the Arabic ص (ṣād) or sometimes the Hebrew צ (tzadi) as pronounced by Mizrahi Jews

the romanization of Indic languages to represent retroflex [ʂ]

the orthography of Yoruba in Nigeria to represent the voiceless palato-alveolar sibilant [ʃ] (the English "sh" sound)

In the Alvarez-Hale orthography of the Tohono Oʼodham language to represent retroflex [ʂ] (Akimel O'odham and Saxton use <sh> instead)

In HTML these are Ṣ: &#7778; and ṣ: &#7779;. The Unicode codepoints are U+1E62 for Ṣ and U+1E63 for ṣ in Latin Extended Additional range.

Voiceless retroflex fricative
A voiceless retroflex sibilant fricative is a type of consonantal sound used in some spoken languages. The symbol in the International Phonetic Alphabet that represents this sound is ⟨ʂ⟩ which is a Latin letter s combined with a retroflex hook. Like all the retroflex consonants, the IPA letter is formed by adding a rightward-pointing hook to the bottom of ⟨s⟩ (the letter used for the corresponding alveolar consonant). A distinction can be made between laminal, apical, and sub-apical articulations. Only one language, Toda, appears to have more than one voiceless retroflex sibilant, and it distinguishes subapical palatal from apical postalveolar retroflex sibilants; that is, both the tongue articulation and the place of contact on the roof of the mouth are different.
Nori Aoki
Norichika Aoki (青木 宣親, Aoki Norichika; born January 5, 1982) is a Japanese former professional baseball outfielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Milwaukee Brewers, Kansas City Royals, San Francisco Giants, Seattle Mariners, Houston Astros, Toronto Blue Jays, and New York Mets and in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Tokyo Yakult Swallows.

Aoki is one of only six players, alongside Ichiro Suzuki, Matt Murton, Alex Ramirez, Tsuyoshi Nishioka, and Shogo Akiyama, to amass 200 or more hits in a single season in Japanese professional baseball and the only individual to do so in two separate seasons. He played in the 2006, 2009, and 2017 World Baseball Classics as well as the 2008 Summer Olympics.

Tsuyoshi Nishioka
Tsuyoshi Nishioka (西岡 剛, Nishioka Tsuyoshi; born July 27, 1984) is a Japanese former professional baseball infielder. He played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Chiba Lotte Marines and Hanshin Tigers, and in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Minnesota Twins.

Nishioka played in the 2006 World Baseball Classic as well as the 2008 Beijing Olympics as a member of the Japanese national team. In 2010, he became the fifth person to record 200 hits in a single NPB season.
John Howard Society
The John Howard Society of Canada is a Canadian non-profit organization that seeks to develop understanding and effective responses to the problem of crime and prison reform. It is named after John Howard, a philanthropist and early English prison reformer. The society works with adults, children, and youths to help rebuild their lives.

Prison reform
Prison reform is the attempt to improve conditions inside prisons, improve the effectiveness of a penal system, reduce recidivism or implement alternatives to incarceration. It also focuses on ensuring the reinstatement of those whose lives are impacted by crimes.

In modern times, the idea of making living spaces safe and clean has extended from the civilian population to include prisons, based on ethical grounds. It is recognized that unsafe and unsanitary prisons violate constitutional prohibitions against cruel and unusual punishment. In recent times prison reform ideas include greater access to legal counsel and family, conjugal visits, proactive security against violence, and implementing house arrest with assistive technology.
LAME
LAME is a software encoder that converts digital audio into the MP3 audio coding format.  LAME is a free software project that was first released in 1998 and has incorporated many improvements since then, including an improved psychoacoustic model. The LAME encoder outperforms early encoders like L3enc and possibly the "gold standard encoder" MP3enc, both marketed by Fraunhofer.

LAME was required by some programs released as free software, in which LAME was linked for MP3 support. This avoided including LAME itself, which used patented techniques and so required patent licenses in some countries. All relevant patents have since expired, and LAME is now bundled with Audacity.

Audacity (audio editor)
Audacity is a free and open-source digital audio editor and recording application software, available for Windows, macOS, Linux, and other Unix-like operating systems.

As of February 15, 2026, Audacity is the second most popular download at FossHub, with over 114.2 million downloads since March 2015. It was previously served by Google Code and SourceForge, where it was downloaded over 200 million times. It has been part of Muse Group since 2021.

It is licensed under GPL-2.0 or later. Executables with VST3 support are licensed GPL-3-only to maintain license compatibility.
Colmcille GFC
Colmcille GFC (Gaelic Football Club) is a Gaelic Football and Ladies Gaelic Football club based in Aughnacliffe, County Longford, Ireland. Colmcille most recently won the Longford Senior Football Championship in 2022 defeating Mullinalaghta by a scoreline of 1-07 to 0-08.

Longford Senior Football Championship
The Longford Senior Football Championship is an annual Gaelic Athletic Association competition organised by Longford GAA among the Senior grade Gaelic football clubs in County Longford, Ireland. The winning club qualifies to represent its county in the Leinster Senior Club Football Championship, the winner of which progresses to the All-Ireland Senior Club Football Championship.

The current champions are Killoe, winning their fifteenth SFC title in October 2025. The Longford Slashers club has won more titles (16) than any other club, while Clonguish holds the record for most consecutive wins (4) in 1962, 1963, 1964 and 1965.
Triple Negative Breast Cancer Foundation
The Triple Negative Breast Cancer Foundation ("TNBC Foundation") is a nonprofit organization dedicated to raising awareness of triple negative breast cancer.  The foundation supports scientists and researchers in their efforts to determine the definitive causes of triple negative breast cancer so that effective detection, diagnosis, prevention, and treatment can be pursued and achieved.

Since its inception in 2006, TNBC Foundation has raised over $15 million to further this mission.

Susan G. Komen for the Cure
Susan G. Komen (formerly known as Susan G. Komen for the Cure; originally as The Susan G. Komen Breast Cancer Foundation; often referred to simply as Komen) is a breast cancer organization in the United States.

Komen conducts activities in research funding, patient navigation, advocacy, and patient care services related to breast cancer. They have funded research into the causes and treatment of breast cancer. The organization has faced scrutiny over funding, CEO pay, and public perception since 2010.
Albert Wagelmans
Albert Peter Marie (Albert) Wagelmans (born 1960) is a Dutch economist and Professor of Management Science at the Erasmus School of Economics (ESE) of the Erasmus University Rotterdam working in the fields of mathematical optimization methods for production, public transport and health care planning.

Erasmus University Rotterdam
Erasmus University Rotterdam (Dutch: Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam [eːˈrɑsmʏs ynivɛrsiˈtɛit rɔtərˈdɑm]; abbreviated as EUR) is a public research university located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The university is named after Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, a 15th-century Christian humanist and theologian.

Erasmus MC, the teaching hospital and medical school of Erasmus University, is one of the largest medical institutions in Western Europe and the foremost medical and trauma centers in the Netherlands.
Museo Soumaya
The Museo Soumaya is a private museum in Mexico City and a non-profit cultural institution with two museum buildings in Mexico City — Plaza Carso and Plaza Loreto. It has over 66,000 works from 30 centuries of art including sculptures from Pre-Hispanic Mesoamerica, 19th- and 20th-century Mexican art and an extensive repertoire of works by European old masters and masters of modern western art such as Auguste Rodin, Salvador Dalí, Bartolomé Esteban Murillo and Tintoretto. It is called one of the most complete collections of its kind.

The museum is named after Soumaya Domit, who died in 1999, and was the wife of the founder of the museum Carlos Slim. The museum received an attendance of 1,095,000 in 2013, making it the most visited art museum in Mexico and the 56th in the world that year. In October 2015, the museum welcomed its five millionth visitor. The museum was designed by Slim's son-in-law, Fernando Romero's practice, fr·ee.

Tintoretto
Jacopo Robusti (late September or early October 1518 – 31 May 1594), best known as Tintoretto (/ˌtɪntəˈrɛtoʊ/ TIN-tə-RET-oh; Italian: [tintoˈretto]; Venetian: [tiŋtoˈɾeto]), was an Italian Renaissance painter of the Venetian school. His contemporaries both admired and criticised the speed with which he painted and the unprecedented boldness of his brushwork. For his phenomenal energy in painting he was termed il Furioso (Italian for 'the Furious'). His work is characterised by muscular figures, dramatic gestures and bold use of perspective, in the Mannerist style.
Beno Rothenberg
Beno Rothenberg (Hebrew: בנו רותנברג; October 23, 1914, in Frankfurt am Main – March 13, 2012, in Ramat Gan, Israel) was an Israeli photographer, archaeologist, and one of the founders of archaeometallurgy.

Ramat Gan
Ramat Gan (Hebrew: רמת גן, pronounced [raˈmat ˈɡan] ⓘ) is a city in the Tel Aviv District of Israel, located east of the municipality of Tel Aviv, and is part of the Gush Dan metropolitan area. It is home to a Diamond Exchange District (one of the world's major diamond exchanges), Sheba Medical Center (the largest hospital in Israel) and many high-tech industries.

Ramat Gan was established in 1921 as a moshava, a communal farming settlement. In 2023 it had a population of 167,794.
Million Doll
Million Doll (ミリオンドール, Mirion Dōru) is a Japanese web manga written and illustrated by Ai. It began serialization on Comic Smart's free manga website Ganma! in December 2013 and has since been collected into two tankōbon volumes. An anime television series adaptation by Asahi Production aired from July to September 2015.

Webcomic
Webcomics (also known as online comics or Internet comics) are comics published on the internet, such as on a website or a mobile app. While many webcomics are published exclusively online, others are also published in magazines, newspapers, or comic books.
Webcomics can be compared to self-published print comics in that anyone with an Internet connection can publish their own webcomic. Readership levels vary widely; many are read only by the creator's immediate friends and family, while some of the most widely read have audiences of well over one million readers. Webcomics range from traditional comic strips and graphic novels to avant garde comics, and cover many genres, styles, and subjects. They sometimes take on the role of a comic blog. The term web cartoonist is sometimes used to refer to someone who creates webcomics. Two examples of webcomic website builders are Comic Fury and Webtoon.
The Surge 2
The Surge 2 is a 2019 action role-playing video game developed by Deck13 Interactive and published by Focus Home Interactive, that is the sequel to The Surge. The game was released for PlayStation 4, Windows, and Xbox One on 24 September 2019, while an Amazon Luna version released on 20 October 2020. It received positive reviews from critics.

Deck13
Deck13 Interactive GmbH (formerly TriggerLab GmbH) is a German video game developer and publisher based in Frankfurt. The company was founded in July 2001 by the team behind Artex Software, a studio that primarily developed video games for RISC OS, such as Ankh: The Tales of Mystery. Originally bearing the name TriggerLab, the company was renamed to Deck13 after the release of its first game, Stealth Combat, in 2002. Deck13 is best known for developing the action role-playing games Lords of the Fallen and The Surge. Deck13 also operates a Hamburg-based subsidiary studio, Deck13 Hamburg.
Jock Scott (politician)
John Wyeth Scott II (June 29, 1947 – April 25, 2009) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party and the Republican Party, he served in the Louisiana House of Representatives from 1976 to 1988.

Louisiana House of Representatives
The Louisiana House of Representatives (French: Chambre des Représentants de Louisiane; Spanish: Cámara de Representantes de Luisiana) is the lower house in the Louisiana State Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Louisiana. This chamber is composed of 105 representatives, each of whom represents approximately 42,500 people (2000 figures). Members serve four-year terms with a term limit of three terms (twelve years). The House is one of the five state legislative lower houses that has a four-year term, as opposed to the near-universal two-year term.

The House convenes at the State Capitol in Baton Rouge.
King Oak
The King Oak is a tree in the grounds of Charleville Castle, Tullamore in Ireland.  Descended from the ancient oak forests that were once commonplace in Ireland, the tree is estimated to be around 400 to 800 years old.  The King Oak has been heavily pollarded and is a large tree, with a trunk of 8.29 metres (9.07 yd) girth and some of the lower branches extending as far as 27 metres (30 yd).  A superstition associated with the tree says that if one of its branches should fall a member of Bury family, long-time owners of the Charleville Estate, will die.  The 1963 death of Charles Howard-Bury has been held as confirmation of this belief, following shortly after the tree was struck by lightning which split its main trunk.  The tree was nominated as the Irish entry for the 2013 European Tree of the Year contest, in which it finished third.

European Tree of the Year
The European Tree of the Year is an annual contest held to find the most "loveable" tree in Europe.

The contest is held by the Environmental Partnership Association (EPA), an organization supported by the European Land Owners Association and the European Commission.
Cameron Payne
Cameron Payne (born August 8, 1994) is an American professional basketball player for the Philadelphia 76ers of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He played college basketball for Murray State and was selected 14th overall by the Oklahoma City Thunder in the 2015 NBA draft. After playing two seasons for the Thunder, he was traded to the Chicago Bulls in 2017, where he played for three seasons before being waived in 2019.

After being waived, Payne played for the Cleveland Cavaliers on 10-day contracts before heading overseas to play with the Shanxi Loongs of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). Payne returned to the NBA and signed with the Phoenix Suns in 2020, where he revitalized his career by becoming a key player off the bench, helping the team reach the NBA Finals in 2021. Since then, he has played for the Milwaukee Bucks, Philadelphia 76ers, and the New York Knicks.

Shanxi Loongs
The Shanxi Loongs, also known as Shanxi SDIC Raptors Club or Shanxi Fenjiu Shares are a Chinese professional basketball team based in Taiyuan, Shanxi, which plays in the Northern Division of the Chinese Basketball Association (CBA). The Shanxi Fenjiu Company is the club's corporate sponsor, while its mascot is a dragon.

The team was known in English as the Shanxi Brave Dragons from the Summer of 2007 until September 2018, when a rebranding ceremony was held, unveiling a new logo and nickname. Loong is the Chinese word for dragon, in both Mandarin and Cantonese.
Niall Breslin
Niall Breslin (born 22 October 1980), known as Bressie, is an Irish musician, former Westmeath Gaelic footballer and Leinster Rugby player. Breslin found success as the lead singer, guitarist, songwriter with pop band The Blizzards, as a co-writer and producer with XIX Entertainment and as a solo artist. 
He was the winning coach on the first, third and fifth seasons of The Voice of Ireland.

Westmeath GAA
The Westmeath County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) (Irish: Cumann Lúthchleas Gael Coiste Chontae na hIarmhí) or Westmeath GAA is one of the 32 county boards of the GAA in Ireland, and is responsible for Gaelic games in County Westmeath. The county board is also responsible for the Westmeath county teams.

The county football team won the Leinster Senior Football Championship in 2004. The county hurling team contests the Liam MacCarthy Cup via the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship.
2009 Minnesota Vikings season
The 2009 season was the Minnesota Vikings' 49th in the National Football League (NFL) and their fourth under head coach Brad Childress. The Vikings improved upon their 10–6 record and defended their NFC North title from 2008, their first successful defense of a divisional title since they won six NFC Central titles in a row between 1973 and 1978. They beat the Dallas Cowboys in the NFC Divisional Playoff at the Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome in Minneapolis, but lost the NFC Championship Game 31–28 in overtime to the eventual Super Bowl champion New Orleans Saints, missing out on what would have been their first Super Bowl since Super Bowl XI in 1976. This year's NFC Championship Game is also dubbed by Roger Goodell as the "Bountygate Game" which resulted in several players and coaching staff (including head coach Sean Payton) receiving 12-month suspensions three years later. The Vikings had 10 Pro Bowlers and four All-Pros on their roster, both league-highs for the season.

NFC North
The National Football Conference – Northern Division or NFC North is one of the four divisions of the National Football Conference (NFC) in the National Football League (NFL). Nicknamed the "Black and Blue Division" for the rough and tough rivalry games between the teams, it currently has four members: the Chicago Bears, Detroit Lions, Green Bay Packers, and Minnesota Vikings, with the latter three based within most definitions of the Upper Midwest.
Palace Hotel (film)
Palace Hotel (German: Palast Hotel) is a 1952 Swiss-West German drama film directed by Emil Berna and Leonard Steckel and starring Paul Hubschmid, Käthe Gold and Anne-Marie Blanc. It was made at the Bellerive Studios in Zürich. The film's sets were designed by the art director Jean d'Eaubonne.

Paul Hubschmid
Paul Hubschmid (German: [paʊ̯l ˈhuːpˌʃmiːt] ⓘ; 20 July 1917 – 1 January 2002) was a Swiss actor. He was most notable for his role as Henry Higgins in the German stage production of My Fair Lady. In his Hollywood films he was billed as Paul Christian. He appeared in dozens of films and television series between 1938 and 1992, many of which were German and International productions.
Gohar Nawaz Khan
Gohar Nawaz Khan (Urdu: گوہر نواز خان) is a Pakistani politician hailing from Haripur District. He is a advisor of Metrix Tech Summit Pakistan's biggest tech Summit. He had served as a member of the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa Assembly belonging to the Qaumi Watan Party. He had also served as member of several different committees.

Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa
The Provincial Assembly of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa is a unicameral legislature of elected representatives of the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, which is located in Peshawar, the provincial capital. It was established under Article 106 of the Constitution of Pakistan, having a total of 145 seats, with 115 general seats, 26 seats reserved for women and 4 reserved for non-Muslims.
Who Feels Love?
"Who Feels Love?" is a song by English rock band Oasis, written by the band's lead guitarist Noel Gallagher. It served as the second single from their fourth studio album, Standing on the Shoulder of Giants (2000). The song peaked at number four on the UK Singles Chart (their first not to reach the top three since 1994's "Cigarettes & Alcohol", not counting unofficial release "Wibbling Rivalry") and entered the top 20 in Ireland, Italy, and Spain.

Cigarettes & Alcohol
"Cigarettes & Alcohol" is a song by the English rock band Oasis, written by Noel Gallagher. It was released on 10 October 1994 by Creation Records as the fourth and final single from their debut album, Definitely Maybe (1994), and their second to enter the UK top ten in the United Kingdom, peaking at number seven, and ultimately spending 82 weeks on the UK Top 100 between 1994 and 1998. On 7 November 2025, 31 years after its release, the song was certified double platinum, indicating 1,200,000 sales.
Església de Sant Joan de Sispony
Església de Sant Joan de Sispony  is a church located in Sispony, La Massana, Andorra, that had its construction finished in 1641. It replaced a previous Romanesque church in the area. Josep Oromí i Muntada created murals and  other artwork for the church in the 19th century.

Cèsar Martinell i Brunet, who restored other churches in Andorra, led restoration efforts for Església de Sant Joan de Sispony until 1967. It was registered as a heritage property registered by the Cultural Heritage of Andorra on 16 July 2003. Maintenance was done to the church's bell tower after Sant Vicenç d'Enclar's bell tower collapsed.

Cèsar Martinell i Brunet
Cèsar Martinell i Brunet (Valls, 24 December 1888 - Barcelona, 19 November 1973) was a Catalan modernista architect. He was part of the small and selected group of architects that were connected to Antoni Gaudí, his most important teacher. As a multifaceted person, Martinell was also a researcher and art historian. He became famous for the many wine cellars he made for the agriculture cooperatives of different towns throughout Catalonia, especially in the south, in the Province of Tarragona. These are known as "the cathedrals of wine".
Blood Free
Blood Free (Korean: 지배종) is a 2024 South Korean sci-fi thriller drama television series written by Lee Soo-yeon, directed by Park Chul-hwan, and starring Ju Ji-hoon, Han Hyo-joo, Lee Hee-joon, Lee Moo-saeng, Jeon Seok-ho, Park Ji-yeon, and Kim Sang-ho. It was released worldwide on Disney+ from April 10, to May 8, 2024, every Wednesday.

Kim Sang-ho (actor)
Kim Sang-ho (born July 24, 1970) is a South Korean actor. He appears in film, television and theater. Kim won Best Supporting Actor at the 2007 Blue Dragon Film Awards for his performance in The Happy Life.
Boggula Dastagiri
Boggula Dastagiri (born 1985) is an Indian politician from Andhra Pradesh. He is an MLA from Kodumur Assembly constituency which is reserved for SC community in Kurnool district. He represents Telugu Desam Party. He won the 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election where TDP had an alliance with BJP and Jana Sena Party.

2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election
The 2024 Andhra Pradesh Legislative Assembly election was held in the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh on 13 May 2024 for constituting the sixteenth Andhra Pradesh Assembly. They were held alongside the 2024 Indian general election. The election results were declared on 4 June 2024.

The political alliance Kutami, led by the Telugu Desam Party, won the election in a landslide, winning 164 of the 175 seats. The Telugu Desam Party (TDP) won 135 out of 144 contested seats. In comparison, the Janasena Party (JSP) won all the 21 seats it contested and the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) won 8 out of 10 contested seats. The incumbent YSR Congress Party (YSRCP) only won 11 seats. The Indian National Developmental Inclusive Alliance (INDIA) comprising Indian National Congress (INC), Communist Party of India (CPI) and Communist Party of India (Marxist) (CPI(M)) failed to win any seats, for the third time continuously in a row.