hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
George Godfrey (novel)
The History of George Godfrey is an 1828 novel by the British writer Thomas Gaspey, originally published in three volumes. Written in the first person as a bildungsroman, the plot contains a murder mystery and makes reference to financial frauds as well as the ongoing Greek War of Independence. At one point the title character is transported to Australia as a criminal. Like Gaspey's 1827 work Richmond, it is an example of the Newgate novel.

Richmond (novel)
Richmond, or, Scenes in the Life of a Bow Street Officer is an 1827 crime novel published anonymously and generally attributed to Thomas Gaspey. Thomas Skinner Surr has also been credited as the author. It was originally published in three volumes by Henry Colburn of New Burlington Street. It blended a depiction of the crime world of the Regency era with the fashionable silver fork novel, also functioning as an adventure novel. The protagonist Tom Richmond, a picaresque figure, joins the Bow Street Runners after a misspent youth. It forms a bridge been early-eighteenth-century crime novels such as Moll Flanders and Colonel Jack with the future development of the full detective novel.

It was published shortly before the creation of the Metropolitan Police by Robert Peel. It was part of the group of Newgate novels that lasted into the early Victorian era.
Anxiety/uncertainty management
Anxiety/uncertainty management (AUM) theory explores how individuals manage anxiety and uncertainty when interacting with people from different cultural backgrounds. Developed by William B. Gudykunst, AUM theory posits that effective intercultural communication depends on reducing these feelings of anxiety and uncertainty. Building upon the foundation of uncertainty reduction theory (URT), which was introduced by Berger and Calabrese, AUM theory examines how individuals navigate the complexities of intercultural encounters, particularly with strangers. As a communication theory, AUM continues to evolve based on observations of human behavior in social situations.

Intercultural communication
Intercultural communication is a discipline that studies communication across different cultures and social groups, or how culture affects communication. It describes the wide range of communication processes and problems that naturally appear within an organization or social context made up of individuals from different religious, social, ethnic, and educational backgrounds. In this sense, it seeks to understand how people from different countries and cultures act, communicate, and perceive the world around them. Intercultural communication focuses on the recognition and respect of those with cultural differences. The goal is mutual adaptation between two or more distinct cultures which leads to biculturalism/multiculturalism rather than complete assimilation. It promotes the development of cultural sensitivity and allows for empathic understanding across different cultures.
John R. Dailey
John Revell "Jack" Dailey (born February 17, 1934) is a retired United States Marine Corps four-star general who served as Assistant Commandant of the Marine Corps (ACMC) and Chief of Staff from 1990 to 1992, Acting Associate Deputy Administrator of the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) from 1992 to 1999; and director of the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) from 2000 to 2018.

His career in the Marine Corps spanned thirty-six years and included a wide variety of operational and staff assignments. He is a pilot with over 7000 hours in fixed and rotary wing aircraft. He has extensive command experience including the Marine Corps Systems Command and the Armed Forces Staff College. He flew 450 missions during two tours in Vietnam and has numerous personal decorations which he received for combat operations.

Joint Forces Staff College
The Joint Forces Staff College (JFSC), located in Norfolk, Virginia, was established as the Armed Forces Staff College in 1946 and incorporated into the National Defense University in August 1981.  It educates and acculturates joint and multinational warfighters to plan and lead at the operational level. Military operations increasingly require the Armed Services to work jointly, and JFSC provides students the tools to operate in a joint environment. JFSC is composed of three schools, each with different student populations and purposes.
Jordan Adéoti
Jordan Souleymane Adéoti (born 12 March 1989) is a professional footballer who plays as a defender for  Championnat National 2 club Avranches. Born in France, he represents Benin at international level.

US Avranches
L’Union Sportive Avranches Mont Saint Michel (French: [lynjɔ̃ spɔʁtiv avʁɑ̃ʃ mɔ̃ sɛ̃ miʃɛl]), known as US Avranches is a French football club based in Avranches, in the department of Manche, and founded in 1897. Since the 2024–25 season, it plays in the Championnat National 2, the fourth tier of French football. On December 19, 2025, US Avranches stunned Ligue 1 team Brest in the 2025-26 Coupe de France round of 64, winning on penalty kicks, 1–1 (5–4).

The club has been chaired by Gilbert Guérin since 1990.
Saint-Michel-Chef-Chef
Saint-Michel-Chef-Chef (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ miʃɛl ʃɛf ʃɛf] ⓘ; Breton: Sant-Mikael-Keveger) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.
Its inhabitants, known as Michelois, numbered 5,714 as of 2023.

The commune of Saint-Michel-Chef-Chef includes the seaside resort of Tharon-Plage and is also known as the home of the Biscuiterie Saint-Michel, which produces the "galette Saint-Michel" among many other products. Though the original factory lies in the territory of the town, the headquarters have been delocalized in Contres, France

Pornic
Pornic (French pronunciation: [pɔʁnik] ⓘ; Pornizh in Breton, Port-Nitz in Gallo) is a commune in the Loire-Atlantique department in western France.

In 1973 the commune of Pornic absorbed the neighbouring municipalities of Sainte-Marie-sur-Mer and Clion-sur-Mer.
Guðjón Skúlason
Guðjón Skúlason (born 1 January 1967) is an Icelandic retired basketball player and coach and a former member of Icelandic national team. He played nineteen seasons in the Úrvalsdeild karla, winning the Icelandic championship six times with Keflavík. He was named the Icelandic Basketball Player of the Year in 1997.

Iceland men's national basketball team
The Iceland men's national basketball team (Icelandic: Íslenska karlalandsliðið í körfubolta) represents Iceland in international basketball tournaments. The team is controlled by the Icelandic Basketball Association.

Iceland has qualified for the EuroBasket three times in their history, with the national team making their first appearance in 2015. They have also participated at smaller European tournaments, such as the Games of the Small States of Europe.
WSKN
WSKN (1320 AM), branded on-air Radio Isla 1320, is a radio station. WSKN serves San Juan, Puerto Rico and is owned by Media Power Group. The station serves as the flagship station of the Radio Isla Network and carries a Spanish-language news and talk format.

The callsign derives from their previous identification, Super Kadena Noticiosa, which was created on May 11, 1992, under the ownership of Radio Kadena Informativa Inc. The station was on frequency 630 AM. WUNO Notiuno bought them in 2000 and switched frequencies (Notiuno was on 1320 AM).

WUNO
WUNO (630 AM), branded on-air as Noti Uno 630, is a radio station broadcasting a News Talk Information format. Licensed to San Juan, Puerto Rico, it serves the Puerto Rico area.  The station is currently owned by Uno Radio Group  and features programming from CNN Radio. The station's programming is also heard on translator station W232DH 94.3 FM, serving the entire metropolitan area.
Red Sky July
Red Sky July are a British alternative country band, consisting of husband and wife Ally McErlaine (ex-Texas) and Shelly Poole (ex-Alisha's Attic) along with esteemed vocalist Haley Glennie-Smith. Glennie-Smith was a replacement for Charity Hair (The Alice Band and The Ailerons). They are influenced by alt country and Americana. They have released three albums since their formation in 2009.

Alternative country
Alternative country (commonly abbreviated to alt-country; insurgent country, Americana, or y'allternative) is a loosely defined subgenre of country music that includes acts that differ significantly in style from mainstream country music, mainstream country rock, and country pop. Most frequently, the term has been used to describe certain country music bands and artists that are also defined as or have incorporated influences from genres such as alternative rock, indie rock, punk rock, heartland rock, Southern rock, progressive country, outlaw country, neotraditional country, Texas country, Red Dirt, roots rock, indie folk, folk rock, rockabilly, bluegrass, and honky tonk.
Kipengere Range
The Kipengere Range, also known as the Livingstone Mountains, lies entirely in Njombe Region in southwest Tanzania at the northern end of Lake Nyasa. Near Lake Nyasa they are known as the Kinga Mountains. It is a plateau-like ridge of mountains running southeastwards from the basin of the Great Ruaha River in the north to that of the Ruhuhu River in the south, and forms part of the eastern escarpment of the East African Rift. The range is mostly clad in montane grasslands, renowned for their botanical diversity and displays of flowers, with montane evergreen forests mostly in stream valleys.

Some sources use the names Kipengere Range or Livingstone Mountains to describe the entire range, while others distinguish the Livingstone Mountains as the southwest-facing escarpment which runs along the shore of Lake Malawi, and the Kipengere Range as the high ridge that defines the northeastern edge of the Kitulo Plateau.

East African Rift
The East African Rift (EAR) or East African Rift System (EARS) is an active continental rift zone in East Africa. The EAR began developing around the onset of the Miocene, 22–25 million years ago. It is considered to be part of a larger system, formerly known as the Great Rift Valley, that extends north to Asia Minor, also known as Anatolia.

A narrow zone, the rift is a developing divergent tectonic plate boundary where the African plate is in the process of splitting into two tectonic plates, called the Somali plate and the Nubian plate, at a rate of 8–9 mm (0.31–0.35 in) per year. The rift system consists of three microplates, the Victoria microplate to the north, and the Rovuma and Lwandle microplates to the south.  The Victoria microplate is rotating anti-clockwise with respect to the African plate. Its rotation is caused by the configuration of mechanically weaker and stronger lithospheric regions in the EARS.

Many of the African Great Lakes lie within the Rift Valley.
Rubin Balang
Rubin bin Balang (born 1 March 1963) is a Malaysian politician who has served the State Minister of Rural Development of Sabah since December 2025 in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) state administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor, as well as Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Kemabong from February 1994 to May 2018 and again since September 2020. He is a member and one of the Vice Presidents of Parti Gagasan Rakyat Sabah (GAGASAN), a component party of the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) coalition. He is also the father of Riduan Rubin, the Independent Member of Parliament (MP) for Tenom.

Hajiji Noor
Hajiji bin Noor (Jawi: عزيزي بن نور; born 10 May 1955) is a Malaysian politician who served as the 16th Chief Minister of Sabah since 2020. The President of the GAGASAN Party, he represented Sulaman in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly since 1990.

Born in Tuaran, Sabah, he was appointed Chief Minister in late September 2020 after his coalition, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS), won 38 out of the 73 seats, in which 37 seats needed for a simple majority in the 2020 state election. His administration was further strengthened after three independent members of state legislative assembly (MLAs) pledged their support for the state government.
Passé simple
The passé simple (French pronunciation: [pase sɛ̃pl], simple past,  preterite, or past historic), also called the passé défini (IPA: [pase defini], definite past), is the literary equivalent of the passé composé in the French language, used predominantly in formal writing (including history and literature) and formal speech. As with other preterites, it is used when the action has a definite beginning and end and has already been completed. In writing it is most often used for narration.

Passé composé
The passé composé (pronounced [pase kɔ̃poze]; 'compound past') is a past tense in the French language. It is used to express an action that has been finished completely or incompletely at the time of speech, or at some (possibly unknown) time in the past. It originally corresponded in function to the English present perfect, but now there is a tendency to use it for all completed actions in the past as the equivalent of the simple past.  Its current usage corresponds fairly closely to that of the Latin perfect tense. It is formed using an auxiliary verb and the past participle of a verb.

In British teaching of French, the passé composé is usually known as the perfect tense.
Desery Fienies
Desery Wellin Fienies is a South African politician who has served as a Permanent Delegate to the National Council of Provinces from the Northern Cape since 2024. A member of the African National Congress, Fienies served as a member of the Northern Cape Executive Council and as a member of the Northern Cape Provincial Legislature from 2020 until 2024.

National Council of Provinces
The National Council of Provinces (NCOP) is the upper house of the Parliament of South Africa under the post-apartheid constitution which came into full effect in 1997. It replaced the former Senate, but is very similar to that body, and to many other upper houses of legislatures throughout the world, in that its purpose is to represent the governments of the provinces, rather than directly representing the people.
Teri Hickel
Teri Helen Hickel (née Hammermaster; born July 6, 1960) is a Republican former member of the Washington House of Representatives. She was elected in 2015 to finish out the term of Roger Freeman, who died. Carol Gregory had been appointed to serve the first year of Freeman's term, which was to be confirmed by special election in 2015. Hickel won that election, but lost re-election in the regular 2016 election to Democrat Kristine Reeves.

Roger Freeman (American politician)
Roger D. Freeman (November 30, 1965 – October 29, 2014) was an American lawyer and politician of the Democratic Party. He was a member of the Washington House of Representatives, representing the 30th Legislative District. He died in office of colon cancer, but was subsequently re-elected posthumously. Freeman was African-American.
Harmonium (Adams)
Harmonium is a composition for chorus and orchestra by the American composer John Adams, written in 1980–1981 for the first season of Davies Symphony Hall in San Francisco, California. The work is based on poetry by John Donne and Emily Dickinson and is regarded as one of the key compositions of Adams' "minimalist" period.

The work was premiered by the San Francisco Symphony and San Francisco Symphony Chorus, with conductor Edo de Waart, on 15 April 1981, and subsequently recorded it. The UK premiere was on 13 October 1987 at Birmingham Town Hall, with the City of Birmingham Symphony Orchestra (CBSO) conducted by Simon Rattle. Rattle and the CBSO gave the London premiere on 28 July 1990 at The Proms.

Edo de Waart
Edo de Waart (born 1 June 1941, Amsterdam) is a Dutch retired conductor. He is Music Director Laureate of the Milwaukee Symphony Orchestra. De Waart is the former music director of the New Zealand Symphony Orchestra (2016-2019), chief conductor of the Royal Flemish Philharmonic (2011-2016) and Artistic Partner with the St. Paul Chamber Orchestra (2010-2014).

De Waart studied oboe, piano and conducting at the Sweelinck Conservatory, graduating in 1962. The following year, he was appointed associate principal oboe of the Royal Concertgebouw Orchestra.
Uxbridge Road tube station
Uxbridge Road was a railway station on the West London Railway from 1869 to 1940.
It was initially served by London & North Western Railway and the Great Western Railway. In 1905 the line became a branch of the Metropolitan Railway, and later London Underground's Metropolitan line. Uxbridge Road station closed on 21 October 1940 during World War II, when the West London Line was put out of service during the Blitz.

The station was located at the eastern end of the Uxbridge Road in Shepherd's Bush, west London, UK, just before the start of Holland Park Avenue, a short distance from Shepherd's Bush station on the Central line. The station entrance was situated on the site of the present-day Holland Park roundabout.

West London Railway
The West London Railway was conceived to link the London and Birmingham Railway and the Great Western Railway with the Kensington Basin of the Kensington Canal, enabling access to and from London docks for the carriage of goods. It opened in 1844 but was not commercially successful.

In 1863 the canal was closed and the railway extended southwards on its alignment as the West London Extension Railway, crossing the River Thames on a new bridge and connecting with the London Brighton and South Coast Railway and the London and South Western Railway south of the Thames. Local and long-distance passenger traffic was carried, and goods traffic exchanging between the connected railways. Passenger traffic declined after 1940, but the line remained open for sporadic freight services. In recent years regular local passenger services have revived the traffic on the line.
Holton, Oxfordshire
Holton is a village and civil parish in South Oxfordshire  about 5.5 miles (9 km) east of Oxford. The parish is bounded to the southeast by the River Thame, to the east and north by the Thame's tributary Holton Brook, to the south by London Road and to the west by field boundaries with the parishes of Forest Hill with Shotover and Stanton St John.

Forest Hill with Shotover
Forest Hill with Shotover is a civil parish covering 7.56 km2 of South Oxfordshire approximately centred 3 miles (4.8 km) east of Oxford. Its population in 2011 was 856, almost exclusively in the villages of Forest Hill, hamlets of Shotover Cleve and Shotover Edge.  It includes a country estate at Shotover Park. Forest Hill with Shotover was formed in 1881 by the merger of three smaller civil parishes: Forest Hill, Shotover and Shotover Hill Place.
Víctimas del Vaciamiento
Víctimas del Vaciamiento (Spanish: [ˈbiɣ̞.t̪i.mas d̪el ba.sjaˈmjẽn̪.t̪o], lit. 'Victims of the Emptiness') is the third and last studio album of Argentine thrash metal band Hermética, released in 1994 by Radio Trípoli Discos. It was certified gold, and the band broke up a few months after promoting the album at the Estadio Obras Sanitarias, an arena in Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Estadio Obras Sanitarias
Estadio Obras Sanitarias is an indoor arena that is located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. The arena, home venue of club Obras Sanitarias, is mainly used to host basketball games and concerts. It has a capacity of 3,100 people for basketball games, and 4,700 people for concerts.

Since its inauguration in 1978 the arena has held mostly rock music concerts so it was nicknamed the temple of rock.
Brides Are Like That
Brides Are Like That is a 1936 American comedy film directed by William C. McGann and written by Ben Markson. The film stars Ross Alexander, Anita Louise, Joseph Cawthorn, Kathleen Lockhart, Gene Lockhart and Dick Purcell. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on April 18, 1936.

Anita Louise
Anita Louise (born Anita Louise Fremault; January 9, 1915 – April 25, 1970) was an American film and television actress best known for her performances in A Midsummer Night's Dream (1935), The Story of Louis Pasteur (1935),  Anthony Adverse (1936),  Marie Antoinette (1938), and The Little Princess (1939). She was named as a WAMPAS Baby Star.
North Shore Rowing Club
North Shore Rowing Club is the oldest sporting club on the north side of Sydney Harbour in Sydney, Australia formed in 1879. It has occupied its current site on the Lane Cove River at Yacht Bay, Longueville since 1933. The club has a focus on masters, juniors and social rowing. The club conducts an annual corporate regatta and a learn-to-row program.

Lane Cove River
The Lane Cove River, a northern tributary of the Parramatta River, is a tide-dominated, drowned valley estuary west of Sydney Harbour, located in Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. The river winds through a bushland valley and joins Parramatta River at Greenwich and Woolwich, where together they form an arm of Sydney Harbour, and serves as a border along with Middle Harbour separating Sydney's North Shore.
Ireland in the Eurovision Song Contest 1996
Ireland was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1996 with the song "The Voice", written by Brendan Graham, and performed by Eimear Quinn. The Irish participating broadcaster, Radio Telefís Éireann (RTÉ), selected its entry through a national final, which eventually won the contest.

Eimear Quinn
Eimear Mary Rose Quinn (/ˈiːmər/ EE-mər; Irish: Eimear Ní Chuinn, IPA: [ˈɪmʲəɾˠ n̠ʲiː ˈxiːn̠ʲ]; born 18 December 1972) is an Irish singer and composer. She is best known for winning the Eurovision Song Contest 1996 with the song "The Voice". Since then she has toured and performed extensively internationally and has released four albums of her work, the most recent being Ériu, recorded with the RTÉ Concert Orchestra and released in 2020.
Topo (climbing)
In climbing, a topo (short for topology) is a graphical representation of a climbing route. Topos range from a photograph of the climb on which the line of the route is overlaid, to a detailed diagram of the key features and challenges of the climb, which are typically represented as standardized UIAA topo symbols.

Climbing guidebooks compile topos for routes at a crag or in a climbing area.  Online climbing databases and apps merge detailed beta (i.e. how to overcome the hardest challenges) as well as the traditional topo information.  Some hand-drawn topos by the climber(s) who completed the first ascent of important new routes are notable.

International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation
The International Climbing and Mountaineering Federation, commonly known by its French name Union internationale des associations d'alpinisme (UIAA; French for 'International Union of Alpine Clubs'), was founded in August 1932 in Chamonix, France when 20 mountaineering associations met for an alpine congress. Count Charles Egmond d'Arcis, from Switzerland, was chosen as the first president and it was decided by the founding members that the UIAA would be an international federation which would be in charge of the "study and solution of all problems regarding mountaineering". The UIAA Safety Label was created in 1960 and was internationally approved in 1965 and currently (2015) has a global presence on five continents with 86 member associations in 62 countries representing over 3 million people.