hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Changez Khan
Changez Khan is a 1958 Pakistani historical film directed by Rafiq Sarhadi. It was based on Naseem Hijazi's novel Akhari Chattan. Hassan-ud-Din played the titular role in the film, who also wrote the screenplay and produced the film as well. The other cast includes Asha Posley, Kamran, Allauddin, Fazal Shah and M. Ismael.

Changez Khan is one of the earliest films of the Pakistani cinema of the historical genre.

Its production had almost completed in 1956 but the film was released in 1958.

The film features the popular and evergreen national or milli song of Inayat Hussain Bhatti, Aye Mard-e-Mujahid Jaag Zra, Ab Waqat-e-Shahadat Hai Aaya, written by Tufail Hoshiarpuri and music by Rashid Attre.

Asha Posley
Sabira Begum better known as Asha Posley (Punjabi, Urdu: آشا پوسلے; 31 May 1927 – 25 March 1998) was a Pakistani actress and singer. She is recognized as The First Heroine of Pakistani Films when she acted in Pakistani's first film Teri Yaad. The recipient of the Nigar Award For 30 Years of Excellence, she debuted in Lollywood films with Teri Yaad (1948), and also appeared in television dramas.

Some of her notable films, include Sassi (1954), Noukar (1955), Dulla Bhatti (1956), Noor-e-Islam (1957), Ishq-e-Laila (1957), Mukhra (1958), Aaina (1966), Insaniyat (1967) and Main Zinda Hun (1968).
IBM Remote Access Computing
IBM Remote Access Computing (RAX) is a discontinued early time-sharing system for IBM System/360 introduced in 1966. RAX was based on an earlier system, RACS. developed jointly by IBM and Lockheed Aircraft in Marietta, Georgia in 1965. The system influenced a number of other timesharing systems including MCGILL-RAX from McGill University, McGill's MUSIC, and Reactive Terminal Service (RTS) from ITT Data Services. In the 1970s Boston University used RAX as the basis of its VPS system, which ran as a guest operating system running on VM/370.

VM (operating system)
VM, often written VM/CMS, is a family of virtual machine operating systems used on IBM mainframes including the System/370, System/390, IBM Z and compatible systems. It replaced the older CP-67 that formed the basis of the CP/CMS operating system. It was first released as the free Virtual Machine Facility/370 for the S/370 in 1972, followed by chargeable upgrades and versions that added support for new hardware.

VM creates virtual machines into which a conventional operating system may be loaded to allow user programs to run. Originally, that operating system was CMS, a simple single-user system similar to DOS. VM can also be used with a number of other IBM operating systems, including large systems like MVS or VSE, which are often run on their own without VM. In other cases, VM is used with a more specialized operating system or even programs that provided many OS features. These include RSCS and MUMPS, among others.
Tuscan Committee of National Liberation
The Tuscan Committee of National Liberation (Italian: CTLN or Comitato Toscano di Liberazione Nazionale) was an underground Italian resistance organisation during World War II based in Tuscany, Central Italy. An offshoot of the National Liberation Committee (CLN), it was charged with organising resistance and partisan activities throughout Tuscany. It was opposed to the forces of Nazi Germany as well as Nazi Germany's puppet state local regime, the Italian Social Republic, in Tuscany following the German invasion and military occupation of Italy between September 1943 and April 1945. The CTLN became an umbrella organisation for the five main anti-fascist partisan groups operating within Tuscany.

Action Party (Italy)
The Action Party (Italian: Partito d'Azione, PdA) was a liberal-socialist political party in Italy. The party was anti-fascist and republican. Its prominent leaders were Carlo Rosselli, Ferruccio Parri, Emilio Lussu and Ugo La Malfa. Other prominent members included Leone Ginzburg, Ernesto de Martino, Norberto Bobbio, Riccardo Lombardi, Vittorio Foa and the Nobel-winning poet Eugenio Montale.
Bonapartenykus
Bonapartenykus (meaning "José F. Bonaparte's claw") is an extinct genus of alvarezsauroid dinosaur that lived during the Late Cretaceous (Campanian–Maastrichtian) of what is now the Allen Formation of the Río Negro Province, Argentina. The genus contains a single species, Bonapartenykus ultimus, known from a partially articulated, incomplete skeleton that was found in close association to two incomplete eggs and several clusters of eggshells belonging to the oogenus Arriagadoolithus. Bonapartenykus was named in 2012. It has an estimated length of 2.5–3.3 m (8.2–10.8 ft) and weight of 43–72 kg (95–159 lb), making it the largest member of the clade Alvarezsauroidea. Additional skeletons referrable to this genus have subsequently been described.

Campanian
The Campanian is the fifth of six ages of the Late Cretaceous epoch on the geologic timescale of the International Commission on Stratigraphy (ICS). In chronostratigraphy, it is the fifth of six stages in the Upper Cretaceous Series. Campanian spans the time from 83.6 (± 0.2) to 72.2 (± 0.2) million years ago. It is preceded by the Santonian and it is followed by the Maastrichtian.

The Campanian was an age when a worldwide sea level rise covered many coastal areas. The morphology of some of these areas has been preserved: it is an unconformity beneath a cover of marine sedimentary rocks.
CEDO
CEDO is the Intercultural Center for the Study of Deserts and Oceans. The acronym CEDO comes from the Spanish name: Centro Intercultural de Estudios de Desiertos y Océanos.

Located in Puerto Peñasco, Sonora, Mexico, CEDO is a center for the study of the ecosystems of the Sonoran Desert and the Gulf of California.

Gulf of California
The Gulf of California (Spanish: Golfo de California), also known as the Sea of Cortés (Mar de Cortés) or Sea of Cortez, or less commonly as the Vermilion Sea (Mar Vermejo), is a marginal sea of the Pacific Ocean that separates the Baja California peninsula from the Mexican mainland. It is bordered by the states of Baja California, Baja California Sur, Sonora, and Sinaloa with a coastline of approximately 4,000 km (2,500 mi). Rivers that flow into the Gulf of California include the Colorado, Fuerte, Mayo, Sinaloa, Sonora, and the Yaqui. The surface of the gulf is about 160,000 km2 (62,000 sq mi). Maximum depths exceed 3,000 meters (9,800 ft) because of the complex geology, linked to plate tectonics.

The gulf is thought to be one of the most diverse seas on Earth and is home to more than 5,000 species of micro-invertebrates. Parts of the Gulf of California are a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Raghuvamsham (film)
Raghuvamsham is a 1978 Indian Malayalam film, directed by Adoor Bhasi. The film stars Sharada, Adoor Bhasi, Sankaradi and Sreelatha Namboothiri in the lead roles. The film has musical score by A. T. Ummer.

Adoor Bhasi
K. Bhaskaran Nair (1 March 1929 – 29 March 1990), professionally credited by his stage name Adoor Bhasi, was an Indian actor and film director. He was mostly cast as a sidekick to protagonists, particularly Prem Nazir. His comedic roles were widely appreciated in Malayalam films of the 1950s, 1960s, 1970s and 1980s. Bhasi has also done leading and character roles. He directed three Malayalam films in the late 1970s. Bhasi is also known for his eloquent speeches in fluent English. He has won Kerala State Film Awards, including two Best Actor and one Second Best Actor.
Dubrovnik Airline
Dubrovnik Airline Limited was a Croatian charter airline, based in Dubrovnik, Croatia. It operated tourist charter flights from Europe and Israel to holiday destinations in Croatia. Its main base was Dubrovnik Airport.

Dubrovnik Airport
Dubrovnik Ruđer Bošković Airport (Croatian: Zračna luka Ruđer Bošković Dubrovnik; IATA: DBV, ICAO: LDDU), also referred to as Čilipi Airport (Croatian pronunciation: [tʃǐlipi]), is the international airport of Dubrovnik, Croatia. The airport is located approximately 15.5 km (9.5 mi) from Dubrovnik city center, near Čilipi. It was the third-busiest airport in Croatia in 2025 after Zagreb Airport and Split Airport in terms of passenger throughput. It has the country's longest runway, allowing it to accommodate heavy long-haul aircraft. The airport is a major destination for leisure flights during the European summer holiday season.
Philadelphia Science Festival
The Philadelphia Science Festival is an annual free science festival held in Philadelphia. The festival is organized and managed by the Franklin Institute.

The inaugural event was held from April 15, 2011, through April 28, 2011.  Subsequently, the festival has been held every year in the second half of April.  The festival stretches over a number of days and features events held throughout the city.  It culminates with a Festival on Saturday that is typically held on the Benjamin Franklin Parkway.

Franklin Institute
The Franklin Institute is a science museum and a center of science education and research in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is named after the American scientist and statesman Benjamin Franklin. It houses the Benjamin Franklin National Memorial. Founded in 1824, the Franklin Institute is one of the oldest centers of science education and development in the United States. Its chief astronomer is Derrick Pitts.
Julia Wolf
Julia Wolf is a British mathematician specialising in arithmetic combinatorics who was the 2016 winner of the Anne Bennett Prize of the London Mathematical Society. She is currently a professor in the Department of Pure Mathematics and Mathematical Statistics at the University of Cambridge.

London Mathematical Society
The London Mathematical Society (LMS) is one of the United Kingdom's learned societies for mathematics (the others being the Royal Statistical Society (RSS), the Institute of Mathematics and its Applications (IMA), the Edinburgh Mathematical Society and the Operational Research Society (ORS).
Alfredo García-Heredia
Alfredo García-Heredia (born 19 December 1981) is a Spanish professional golfer and European Tour player. He was runner-up at the 2022 AfrAsia Bank Mauritius Open and the 2024 Omega European Masters. He won the 2021 B-NL Challenge Trophy on the Challenge Tour.

Challenge Tour
The Challenge Tour, currently titled as the HotelPlanner Tour for sponsorship reasons and also sometimes referred to as the European Challenge Tour, is the second-tier men's professional golf tour in Europe. It is operated by the PGA European Tour and similarly with the main European Tour and the European Senior Tour, some of the events are played outside Europe.
1972 US Open – Mixed doubles
Owen Davidson and Billie Jean King were the defending champions but lost in the semifinals to Ilie Năstase and Rosemary Casals.

Marty Riessen and Margaret Court won in the final 6–3, 7–5 against Ilie Năstase and Rosemary Casals.

Ilie Năstase
Ilie Theodoriu Năstase (Romanian: [iˈli.e nəsˈtase] ⓘ; born 19 July 1946) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the inaugural world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 40 weeks. Năstase is one of ten players to have won over 100 total ATP-level titles, with 64 in singles and 45 in doubles,  among which seven majors: two in singles, three in men's doubles and two in mixed doubles. He also won four Masters Grand Prix year-end championships. He was the first professional sports figure to sign an endorsement contract with Nike, doing so in 1972. Năstase also wrote several novels in French in the 1980s, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1991.
Rowing at the 1932 Summer Olympics – Men's coxed pair
The men's coxed pair competition at the 1932 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles took place are at Long Beach Marine Stadium on 13 August. Competition consisted of a single round. There were 4 boats (12 competitors) from 4 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. The event was won by the United States, its first victory in the event. Coxswain Edward Jennings had also been on the bronze medal team in 1924, making him the fifth man with multiple medals in the coxed pair. The American rowers were Charles Kieffer and Joseph Schauers. Silver went to Poland, in its coxed pair debut (Jerzy Braun, Janusz Ślązak, and cox Jerzy Skolimowski). France earned bronze (Anselme Brusa, André Giriat, and cox Pierre Brunet).

Edward Jennings (rowing)
Edward Francis Jennings (April 9, 1898 – February 9, 1975) was an American rowing coxswain who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics and in the 1932 Summer Olympics. He was born in Pennsylvania and died in San Diego, California. In 1924 he was the cox of the American boat, which won the bronze medal in the coxed pairs. Eight years later he won the gold medal as cox of the American boat in the same event.
Three Dikgosi Monument
The Three Dikgosi Monument is a bronze sculpture located in the Central Business District of Gaborone, Botswana. The statues depict three dikgosi, or tribal chiefs: Khama III, Sebele I, and Bathoen I. The three dikgosi played important roles in Botswana's independence. In 1895, the three men traveled to Great Britain to ask Joseph Chamberlain, Secretary of State for the Colonies, and Queen Victoria to separate the Bechuanaland Protectorate from Cecil Rhodes's British South Africa Company and Southern Rhodesia. Permission was then granted which made Botswana under direct British rule until its independence. There are six plinths giving information about Botswana's independence and struggles. A large coat of arms is featured in front of the three statues. A contract was given to North Korean company Mansudae Overseas Projects to build the monument, which resulted in disappointment from local sculptors. Some minority ethnic groups in Botswana see it as a decree of Tswana dominance.

Secretary of State for the Colonies
The secretary of state for the colonies or colonial secretary was the Cabinet of the United Kingdom's minister in charge of managing certain parts of the British Empire.

The colonial secretary never had responsibility for the provinces and princely states of India, which had its own secretary of state.

From 1768 until 1966, the secretary of state was supported by an under-secretary of state for the colonies (at times an under-secretary of state for war and the colonies), and latterly by a minister of state.
John A. Sabatini
John Angelo Sabatini (September 21, 1945 – July 5, 2025) was an American politician. A member of the Democratic Party, he served in the Rhode Island Senate from 1981 to 1993 and as administrator of the Workers Compensation Court of Rhode Island from 2005 to 2017.

Rhode Island Senate
The Rhode Island Senate is the upper house of the Rhode Island General Assembly, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Rhode Island, the lower house being the Rhode Island House of Representatives. It is composed of 38 Senators, each of whom is elected to a two-year term. Rhode Island is one of the 14 states where its upper house serves at a two-year cycle, rather than the normal four-year term as in most states. There is no limit to the number of terms that a Senator may serve. The Rhode Island Senate meets at the Rhode Island State Capitol in Providence.

Like other upper houses of state and territorial legislatures and the federal U.S. Senate, the Senate can confirm or reject gubernatorial appointments to executive departments, commissions and boards and Justices to the Rhode Island Judiciary.
Hippidae
Hippidae is a family of decapod crustaceans, currently known by the English name as either mole crab or sand crab, and by an earlier English name as sand bug. They are closely related to the family Albuneidae, with which they are usually joined in the superfamily Hippoidea. The family Hippidae comprises the three genera Emerita, Hippa and Mastigochirus. They burrow into sand, and are found throughout the world, except the Arctic and Antarctic.

Albuneidae
Albuneidae is a little-known family of specialized burrowing sand crabs. There are 50 extant species as well as nine fossil species that have been described. Fossil specimens have been described from the Cretaceous, Miocene and Oligocene.
Thomas Oluwa
Thomas Oluwa (born 6 February 2001) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a forward for League of Ireland Premier Division club Drogheda United. His previous clubs are Shamrock Rovers, Bohemians, Galway United, Larne, Athlone Town, Waterford and Wexford.

Wexford F.C.
Wexford Football Club  is an Irish association football club based in Crossabeg, County Wexford. They compete in the League of Ireland First Division. The club joined the league after being awarded a First Division licence for the 2007 League of Ireland season.

The opportunity to join the League of Ireland arose as Dublin City became bankrupt before the end of the 2006 season, leaving an uneven number of clubs. The 2007 season coincided with the takeover of the running of the league by the FAI and all existing clubs had to apply for entry into what was effectively a new league. Limerick was the only existing club refused a licence and so Wexford Youths and Limerick 37 were admitted to the new league. The club previously wore pink and black, before switching to a purple and gold combination in 2023. The club rebranded for the start of the 2017 season by dropping the 'Youths' from their title and changing the club crest.
Kevin France
Kevin France is an astrophysicist and assistant professor in the Department of Astrophysical and Planetary Sciences at the University of Colorado. His research focuses on exoplanets and their host stars, protoplanetary disks, and the development of instrumentation for space-borne astronomy missions.

Protoplanetary disk
A protoplanetary disk is a rotating circumstellar disc of dense gas and dust surrounding a young newly formed  star, a T Tauri star, or Herbig Ae/Be star. The protoplanetary disk may not be considered an accretion disk; while the two are similar, an accretion disk is hotter and spins much faster; it is also found on black holes, not stars. This process should not be confused with the accretion process thought to build up the planets themselves. Externally illuminated photo-evaporating protoplanetary disks are called proplyds.
Bimalendra Nidhi
Bimalendra Nidhi (Nepali: बिमलेन्द्र निधि  listenⓘ) is a Nepali politician who previously served as a Deputy Prime Minister and Home Minister of Nepal. Also a former Minister of Physical Infrastructure and Transport, Nidhi has won from Dhanusha 3 as MP of House of Representatives and Constituent Assembly. Nidhi has also served as the Vice-president and General secretary of Nepali Congress.

Dhanusha 3 (constituency)
Dhanusha 3 is one of four parliamentary constituencies of Dhanusha District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.

Dhanusha 3 is one of the constituency of national importance in Nepal. Due to presence of some projects of national recognition like Rajarshi Janak University, ADB urban development project, Janakpur-Jatahi-Ayodhya 6 lane and Janakpur-Jaynagar railway this constituency is taken as the pocket area of Nepali Congress in regard to development.
37th European Film Awards
The 37th European Film Awards, presented by the European Film Academy to recognize achievements in European filmmaking, took place at Kultur- und Kongresszentrum Luzern in Lucerne on 7 December 2024. It marked the first time the awards ceremony was held in Switzerland. Swiss host and voiceover actor Fernando Tiberini hosted the ceremony.

The winners of the Excellence Awards were announced on 13 November 2024, honoring the arts and crafts of filmmaking in eight categories. On 7 December the other winners were revealed during the ceremony, with Jacques Audiard's Emilia Perez winning in each of the categories it was nominated.

European Film Academy
The European Film Academy is a non-profit association promoting the interests of the European film industry.

The European Film Academy honors films and filmmakers annually with the European Film Awards. The ceremony takes place in various European cities every even year and in Berlin every odd year.
Chimera (Russian band)
Chimera (also known as Deputat Baltiki) was a Russian underground rock band formed by singer/guitarist Edward Starkov and lead-guitarist Gennady Bachinsky in St. Petersburg in 1990. It was the main group of the club Tamtam, in which Korol i Shut and Tequilajazzz also performed. Chimera repeatedly gave concerts in Germany.

In February 1997, at the age of 27, Starkov hanged himself in the attic of Chimera's rehearsal space. The group disbanded after Starkov's death.

Gennady Bachinsky
Gennady Nikolaevich Bachinsky/Bachynsky (Russian: Генна́дий Никола́евич Бачи́нский; 1 September 1971 – 12 January 2008) was a Russian TV and radio host and producer who usually collaborated with Sergei Stillavin (Сергей Стиллавин).
FC Ultramarina
Futebol Clube de Ultramarina (Portuguese meaning "overseas", Capeverdean Crioulo, ALUPEC or ALUPEK: Futebil Klubi di Ultramarina) is a football (soccer) club that plays in the São Nicolau Island League in Cape Verde.  It is based in the city of Tarrafal in the island of São Nicolau.  The team has only reached a few of the final games before and after independence.

Ultramarina is São Nicolau's most successful football (soccer) club having won about 24 official regional titles.  The team currently has ten championship titles since their recent championship victory was during the 2014/15 season and continues the claim the most titles on the island.

ALUPEC
The Alfabeto Unificado para a Escrita do Caboverdiano (Unified Alphabet for Cape Verdean Writing), commonly known as ALUPEC, is the alphabet that was officially recognized by the Cape Verdean government to write Cape Verdean Creole.
Paul Barry (songwriter)
Paul Michael Barry (born 1962) is a British songwriter and musician.  He has written or co-written a number of well known songs, including "Believe" by Cher, "Hero" and "Bailamos" by Enrique Iglesias and the five-times platinum U.S. single "Let It Go" by James Bay.  He has won three Ivor Novello Awards and ASCAP PRS writer of the year 2000.  He has also achieved three US number-one singles, as well as other number-ones around the world.

His songs have been recorded by many other artists including Lionel Richie, James Morrison, Celine Dion, Ricky Martin, Lemar, Craig David, Tina Turner, Britney Spears, Rod Stewart, Lara Fabian, Ronan Keating, Esmee Denters, JLS, Rebecca Ferguson, the Vamps, Nelly Furtado, Beverley Knight, Mica Paris, Andrew Roachford and Tom Walker, among others.

Mica Paris
Michelle Antoinette Wallen MBE (born 27 April 1969), known professionally as Mica Paris (/ˈmiːʃə/ MEE-shə), is a British singer, presenter, and actress. Her debut album, So Good, was released in 1988, spawning the singles "My One Temptation" and "Where Is the Love". She has since gone on to release seven further albums: Contribution (1990), Whisper a Prayer (1993), Black Angel (1998), If You Could Love Me (2005), Soul Classics (2005), Born Again (2009), and Gospel (2020). In 2020, Paris played Ellie Nixon on the BBC soap opera EastEnders.