hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Troglohyphantes spinipes
Troglohyphantes spinipes is a species of spider in the family Linyphiidae that is endemic to Slovenia, living in caves in the Kočevje mountains. It is a relatively small spider, between 3.6 and 3.9 mm (0.14 and 0.15 in) in length. The male is smaller than the female. It has a fawn-reddish cephalothorax, brownish sternum and white abdomen. The species is one of three, alongside Troglohyphantes similis and Troglohyphantes gracilis, sometimes referred to as the Kočevje subterranean spider, which are found in contiguous  ranges.

Kočevje
Kočevje (pronounced [kɔˈtʃéːwjɛ] ⓘ; German: Gottschee; Göttscheab or Gətscheab in the local Gottscheerish dialect; Italian: Cocevie) is a town and the seat of Municipality of Kočevje in southern Slovenia.
Prince Leopold of Bavaria
Prince Leopold of Bavaria (Leopold Maximilian Joseph Maria Arnulf; German: [ˈleːopɔlt maksiˈmiːli̯aːn ˈjoːzɛf maˈʁiːa ˈaʁnʊlf]; 9 February 1846 – 28 September 1930) was born in Munich, the second son of Prince Regent Luitpold of Bavaria (1821–1912) and his wife Archduchess Augusta of Austria (1825–1864). He was a Field Marshal (Generalfeldmarschall) who commanded German and Austro-Hungarian forces on the Eastern Front in World War I.

Generalfeldmarschall
Generalfeldmarschall (German: [ɡenəʁaːlˈfɛltmaʁʃal] ⓘ; from Old High German marahscalc, "marshal, stable master, groom"; English: general field marshal, field marshal general, or field marshal; often abbreviated to Feldmarschall) was a rank in the armies of several German states and the Holy Roman Empire, (Reichsgeneralfeldmarschall); in the Habsburg monarchy, the Austrian Empire and Austria-Hungary, the rank Feldmarschall was used. The rank was the equivalent to Großadmiral (English: Grand Admiral) in the Kaiserliche Marine and Kriegsmarine, a five-star rank, comparable to OF-10 in today's NATO naval forces.
Swazi Airways
Swazi Airways was a Swazi airline based at King Mswati III International Airport in Manzini. It is the successor to Royal Swazi National Airways and is fully owned by the Swaziland Government. The airline had stated in September 2016 that it would commence flights in November, flying from Manzini to destinations in South Africa and Zimbabwe. It was closed down in July 2017.

King Mswati III International Airport
King Mswati III International Airport (IATA: SHO, ICAO: FDSK), initially named Sikhuphe International Airport in the planning and construction phase, is an airport in Eswatini. It replaced Matsapha Airport in 2014 as the only international airport in Eswatini that caters to commercial flights. It is designed to handle 360,000 passengers per year.
Santa María Temaxcalapa
Santa María Temaxcalapa is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of  km2. 
It is part of the Villa Alta District in the center of the Sierra Norte Region. As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of . It is bordered on the north by San Juan Yatzona and San Ildefonso Villa Alta, on the south San Cristóbal Lachirioag and San Ildefonso Villa Alta, on the east by San Ildefonso Villa Alta, west to San Juan Yatzona, Villa Talea de Castro and San Cristóbal Lachirioag. Its distance to the state capital is 149 miles.

San Ildefonso Villa Alta
San Ildefonso Villa Alta is a town and municipality in Oaxaca in south-western Mexico. The municipality covers an area of 136.52 km2. 
It is part of the Villa Alta District in the center of the Sierra Norte Region.

As of 2005, the municipality had a total population of 3,100.
The Hit Factory: The Best of Stock Aitken Waterman
The Hit Factory: The Best of Stock Aitken Waterman is a compilation album released in 1987 by Stylus Records in association with PWL Records. The collection brought together some the biggest hits by British production team Stock Aitken Waterman. It reached #18 in the UK Top 100 Album Chart and achieved a Gold BPI award.

Several tracks are presented in remix form, or at least in some variation from their standard radio edit and are listed as such. Twelve of the 14 tracks were also featured on a video collection.

Pete Waterman Entertainment
Pete Waterman Entertainment (PWE) is the production company one-time pop and dance record label owned by British pop mogul Pete Waterman. The label, originally PWL (Pete Waterman Limited), is most famous for being the home of hit record producers Stock Aitken Waterman.
1811 Independence Movement
The 1811 Independence Movement (Spanish: Movimiento de Independencia de 1811), known in El Salvador as the First Shout of Independence (Primer Grito de Independencia), was the first of a series of revolts in Central America in modern-day El Salvador against Spanish rule and dependency on the Captaincy General of Guatemala. The independence movement was led by prominent Salvadoran and Central American figures such as José Matías Delgado, Manuel José Arce, and Santiago José Celis.

José Matías Delgado
José Matías Delgado y de León (24 February 1767 – 12 November 1832) was a Salvadoran politician, priest, and independence leader who was the second political chief of El Salvador. He also served as the president of the National Constituent Assembly of the United Provinces of Central America in 1823 and the president of the National Assembly of El Salvador in 1832.

He was a prominent leader in the independence movement of El Salvador from the Spanish Empire. He opposed El Salvador's proposed merger with Guatemala or Mexico. From 28 November 1821 to 9 February 1823, he was the Political Chief of San Salvador. He later served as the President of the Constituent Assembly of the United Provinces of Central America from 24 June 1823 to 1 July 1823.
Pathummayude Aadu
Pathumma's Goat (original title: Pathummayude Aadu) is a 1959 Malayalam novel by Vaikom Muhammad Basheer. The characters of the novel are members of his family and the action takes place at his home in Thalayolaparambu. The goat in the story belongs to his sister Pathumma. Basheer begins the novel with an alternative title for the book, Pennungalude Buddhi (The Wisdom of Women).

Balyakalasakhi
Balyakalasakhi (Malayalam: ബാല്യകാലസഖി; transl. Childhood Companion) is a Malayalam romantic tragedy novel written by Vaikom Muhammad Basheer. Published in 1944, it is considered by many as Basheer's best work. The story revolves around Majeed and Suhra, who have been in love with each other since their childhood. By Basheer's own admission, the story is largely autobiographical.
Evidence of water on Mars found by Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter
The Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter's HiRISE instrument has taken many images that strongly suggest that Mars has had a rich history of water-related processes.  Many features of Mars appear to be created by large amounts of water.  That Mars once possessed large amounts of water was confirmed by isotope studies in a study published in March 2015, by a team of scientists showing that the ice caps were highly enriched with deuterium, heavy hydrogen, by around seven times as much as the Earth. This means that Mars had lost a volume of water 6.5 times what is stored in today's polar caps.  The water for a time would have formed an ocean in the low-lying Mare Boreum. The amount of water could have covered the planet about 140 meters, but was probably in an ocean that in places would be almost 1 mile deep.

A major discovery by HiRISE was finding evidence of hot springs. These may have contained life and may now contain well-preserved fossils of life.

Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars
The Compact Reconnaissance Imaging Spectrometer for Mars (CRISM) was a visible-infrared spectrometer aboard the Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter searching for mineralogic indications of past and present water on Mars.  The CRISM instrument team comprised scientists from over ten universities and was led by principal investigator Scott Murchie.  CRISM was designed, built, and tested by the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory.
The Language Instinct
The Language Instinct: How the Mind Creates Language is a 1994 book by Steven Pinker, written for a general audience. Pinker argues that humans are born with an innate capacity for language. He deals sympathetically with Noam Chomsky's claim that all human language shows evidence of a universal grammar, but dissents from Chomsky's skepticism that evolutionary theory can explain the human language instinct.

Universal grammar
Universal grammar (UG), in modern linguistics, is the theory of the innate biological component of the language faculty, usually credited to Noam Chomsky. The basic postulate of UG is that there are innate constraints on what the grammar of a possible human language could be. When linguistic stimuli are received in the course of language acquisition, children then adopt specific syntactic rules that conform to UG. The advocates of this theory emphasize and partially rely on the poverty of the stimulus (POS) argument and the existence of some universal properties of natural human languages. However, the latter has not been firmly established.

Other linguists have opposed that notion, arguing that languages are so diverse that the postulated universality is rare. The theory of universal grammar remains a subject of debate among linguists.
Armour and Jacobson Building
The Armour & Jacobson Building is a commercial building located in Kingman, Arizona. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.

It was evaluated for National Register listing as part of a 1985 study of 63 historic resources in Kingman that led to this and many others being listed.

Kingman, Arizona
Kingman is a city in and the county seat of Mohave County, Arizona, United States. It is named after Lewis Kingman, an engineer for the Atlantic and Pacific Railroad. The population was 32,693 at the 2020 census.
2014 DFL-Supercup
The 2014 DFL-Supercup was the fifth edition of the German Super Cup under the name DFL-Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions. It featured Bayern Munich, winners of the 2013–14 Bundesliga, and Borussia Dortmund, the runners-up of the 2013–14 Bundesliga who also reached the 2014 DFB-Pokal final.

Dortmund were the reigning champions, having beaten Bayern 4–2 in 2013, although the season before, Bayern beat Dortmund 2–1. Both teams had won four previous installments (of seven attempts by Bayern and six by Dortmund), and thus the winners would set a new record. The match took place on 13 August 2014 at Signal Iduna Park in Dortmund.

Dortmund defeated Munich 2–0 to win their record fifth title.

2012 DFL-Supercup
The 2012 DFL-Supercup was the third DFL-Supercup, an annual football match contested by the winners of the previous season's Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal competitions. It took place on 12 August 2012 at the Allianz Arena. The match featured Borussia Dortmund, winners of both the 2011–12 Bundesliga and 2011–12 DFB-Pokal, and Bayern Munich, runners-up in both the Bundesliga and DFB-Pokal.

Bayern Munich won the match 2–1 and captured their then-record fourth title.
Instruction in Latin
The Latin language is still taught in many parts of the world. In many countries it is offered as an optional subject in some secondary schools and universities, and may be compulsory for students in certain institutions or following certain courses. For those wishing to learn the language independently, there are printed and online resources.

For the most part, the language is treated as a written language in formal instruction; however, the Living Latin movement advocates teaching it also through speaking and listening.

Contemporary Latin
Contemporary Latin is the form of the Literary Latin used since the end of the 19th century. Various kinds of contemporary Latin can be distinguished, including the use of Neo-Latin words in taxonomy and in science generally, and the fuller ecclesiastical use in the Catholic Church – but Living, or Spoken, Latin (Latin used as a language in its own right as a full-fledged means of expression) is the primary subject of this article.
Owen Moxon
Owen James Moxon (born 17 January 1998) is an English professional footballer who plays as a midfielder for EFL League One club Wigan Athletic, on loan from EFL League One club Stockport County.

Moxon has previously played for Queen of the South, Gretna 2008, Annan Athletic and Carlisle United.

Annan Athletic F.C.
Annan Athletic Football Club is a Scottish association football club based in the town of Annan, Dumfries and Galloway. The club was founded in 1942 and competes in Scottish League Two as a member of the Scottish Professional Football League.

The club competed in Scottish junior football and English regional leagues before becoming a member of the Scottish Football Association in 1978 which made the club eligible to compete in the Scottish Cup for the first time. Annan Athletic won the South of Scotland League twice and the East of Scotland League four times before successfully applying to join the Scottish Football League (SFL) in 2008.

Annan Athletic's best finish in the SPFL is ninth in League One in 2024–25 whilst its best result in the Scottish Cup is reaching the fifth round in 2021–22. The club plays its home games at Galabank in the north of Annan.
Britsum
Britsum is a village in the municipality of Leeuwarden (province of Friesland), in the Netherlands. Britsum was built on an artificial bank (terp) running along the eastern side of the former Middelzee. The church, built around 1300, is also located on this bank. It had a population of about 910 citizens in January 2017.

Middelzee
The Middelzee (Dutch for "middle sea"; West Frisian: Middelsee), also called Bordine, was the estuary mouth of the River Boorne (West Frisian: Boarn) now in the Dutch province of Friesland.  It ran from as far south as Sneek northward to the Wadden Sea and marked the border between main Frisian regions of Westergoa (Westergo) and Eastergoa (Oostergo).  Other historical names for the Middelzee include Bordaa, Borndiep, Boerdiep, and Bordena. The names like Bordine, mean "border".
Charlie McCreevy
Charles McCreevy (born 30 September 1949) is an Irish former Fianna Fáil politician who served as European Commissioner for Internal Market and Services from 2004 to 2010, Minister for Finance from 1997 to 2004, Minister for Tourism and Trade from 1993 to 1994 and Minister for Social Welfare from 1992 to 1993. He served as a Teachta Dála (TD) for the Kildare constituency (and later the Kildare North constituency) from 1977 to 2004.

Minister for Social Protection
The Minister for Social Protection (Irish: An tAire Coimirce Sóisialaí) is a senior minister in the Government of Ireland and leads the Department of Social Protection.

The Minister for Social Protection since January 2025 is Dara Calleary. He is also Minister for Rural and Community Development and the Gaeltacht.
Dimastigella
Dimastigella  (/daɪˈmæstɪˌdʒɛlə/, dy-MA-stih-JEH-lə) is a biflagellate genus from the larger class Kinetoplastea. This class is identifiable by the presence of complex mitochondrial DNA structures known as kinetoplast DNA (kDNA). kDNA is composed of fewer, larger maxicircles, and smaller and more numerous minicircles, each containing different types of genetic information. Dimastigella has been found in a variety of environments including as a free-living flagellate in soils and in the gut of termites. The type species, Dimastigella trypaniformis was first described very briefly by Sandon in 1928 in his study of the different soil protozoa.  The genus Dimastigella currently contains only two species, D. trypaniformis, and D. mimosa which was described by Frovlov et al. in 1996.

Minicircle
Minicircles are small (~4kb) circular replicons. They occur naturally in some eukaryotic organelle genomes. In the mitochondria-derived kinetoplast of trypanosomes, minicircles encode guide RNAs for RNA editing. In Amphidinium, the chloroplast genome is made of minicircles that encode chloroplast proteins.
2020 Tulsa mayoral election
The 2020 Tulsa mayoral election was held on August 25, 2020, to elect the mayor of Tulsa, Oklahoma. One-term incumbent Republican mayor G. T. Bynum ran for re-election against a number of candidates. Bynum won re-election outright, negating the need for a runoff.

G. T. Bynum
George Theron Bynum IV (born August 28, 1977) is an American politician and lobbyist who served as the 40th mayor of Tulsa, Oklahoma, from 2016 to 2024. Bynum was first elected to the Tulsa City Council, representing the ninth district in 2008 as a Republican and served four terms before running for mayor in 2016.

Bynum was born and raised in Tulsa. He is the fourth member of his family to serve as mayor after Robert J. LaFortune, Bill LaFortune, and Robert Newton Bynum.
Jerónimo Muñoz
Jerónimo Muñoz (c. 1520 – October 1591) was a Valencian astronomer, mathematician, and professor. After graduating from the University of Valencia in 1537, he was educated in astronomy and mathematics by the mathematicians and professors Oronce Fine and Gemma Frisius. Muñoz became a professor in the 1540s and taught astronomy, mathematics, and Hebrew until his death in 1591. A prominent and highly respected figure in Spanish mathematics and astronomy, he gained fame throughout Europe for his 1573 publication Libro del nuevo cometa, his account of SN 1572.

University of Valencia
The University of Valencia (Valencian: Universitat de València [univeɾsiˈtad de vaˈlensi.a]), shortened to UV, is a public research university in Valencia, Spain. It is one of the oldest universities in Spain, and the oldest in the Valencian Community. It is regarded as one of Spain's leading academic institutions.

The university was founded in 1499, and currently has around 55,000 students. Most of the courses are taught in Spanish, however their plan is to increase the number of courses available in Valencian and English as well.

It is located in the Mediterranean Spanish baseline, in the city of Valencia which is the capital and most populous city of the autonomous community of Valencia and the third largest city in Spain, with a population of 829,705 in 2014. One of its campuses is located in the metropolitan area of Valencia, in the municipalities of Burjassot and Paterna.

The current chancellor is María Vicenta Mestre Escrivá.
Écartée River
The Rivière Écartée (English: Spread River) is a tributary of the Bras du Nord, flowing in the territory of the municipality of Saint-Raymond, in the Portneuf Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Capitale-Nationale, in Quebec, Canada.

The lower part of the Écartée river valley is mainly served by the rang Saguenay road which first goes north and branches west to serve the north shore of the Bras du Nord including the hamlet Pine Lake. Another secondary forest road goes up this small valley.

Forestry is the main economic activity in this sector; recreotourism activities, second.

The Spread area (except rapids) is generally frozen from early December to late March, but safe movement on the ice is generally from late December to early March. The water level of the river varies with the seasons and the precipitation; the spring flood occurs in March or April.

Sainte-Anne River (Les Chenaux)
Sainte-Anne River (Les Chenaux), Teyaiar River (Wendat), rivière Sainte-Anne (French), flows from north to south on the north shore in  the estuary section of the St. Lawrence River, in Les Chenaux, Portneuf and La Jacques-Cartier RCM, Mauricie and National Capital regions, Quebec, Canada.
Accusefive
Accusefive (Chinese: 告五人; pinyin: Gàowǔrén; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Kò-gō̍-lâng) is a Taiwanese rock band founded in 2017 in Yilan County, composed of lead vocalist and guitarist Pan Yun-an, singer Tsai Hsin-lun (Chuan Ching/Quan Qing), and drummer Richard Lin.

Yilan County, Taiwan
Yilan, alternately spelled I-lan, is a county in northeastern Taiwan. It has a population of 450,031, and its seat is located in Yilan City.

Before the Han Chinese Wu Sha led his company into large-scale reclamation in today's Yilan in 1787, the area was mainly inhabited by the indigenous Kavalan people. During the Japanese rule, much of the present day Yilan County was part of Japan within its Taihoku Prefecture. When the Republic of China took over Taiwan in 1945, it became part of Taipei County until 10 October 1950 when 12 southeastern townships of Taipei County split off to form the present day Yilan County.
Thirukkadaiyur
Thirukkadaiyur (Thirukadavur) is a village on the east coast of Tamil Nadu, about 300 km south of Chennai and 15 km north of Karaikal. The history of the village is associated with the legends of Markandeya and Abirami Pattar. The village is centered around Amritaghateswarar - Abirami Temple of Tirukkadaiyur, a replica. The original temple, Thirumeignanam Gnanaparameswarar Temple, called Thirumeignanam, built in the 11th century, was ravaged by the sea, and is in ruins now. People worship and pray at Thirukkadaiyur temple to have a longer life.

In modern times, the village is part of Mayiladuthurai district and is administered by a village panchayat. As per the 2021 census, the village had a population of 6,244. The village is connected by bus transport and is located on the Chidambaram - Nagapattinam highway. There is a small seaport under the control of the Tamil Nadu Maritime Board.

Karaikal
Karaikal (/ˈkɑːraɪkʌl/, Tamil: [kaːɾɐi̯kːaːl], French: Karikal /kaʁikal/) is a port city of the Indian Union Territory of Puducherry. It is the administrative headquarters of the Karaikal District and the second most populated town in the Union Territory after Pondicherry. Located on the Coromandel Coast of Bay of Bengal in South India, it is situated at the center of a coastal enclave surrounded by the state of Tamil Nadu and its Cauvery delta districts (Mayiladuthurai, Tiruvarur and Nagapattinam).
Akshayapaathram
Akshayapaathram is a 1977 Indian Malayalam film, directed by J. Sasikumar and produced by Sreekumaran Thampi. The film stars Prem Nazir, Kaviyoor Ponnamma, Adoor Bhasi and Lakshmi in the lead roles. The film has musical score by M. S. Viswanathan.

Kaviyoor Ponnamma
Kaviyoor Ponnamma (10 September 1945 – 20 September 2024) was an Indian actress who appeared in Malayalam films and television. Ponnamma had acted in around 700 movies in her career spanning more than six decades. She began her career performing in theatre dramas before foraying into cinema. She also acted in TV serials and commercials and had playback singing credits in few films.

Ponnamma was a four-time Kerala State Film Award for Second Best Actress winner. Her sister Kaviyoor Renuka was also an actress. Often called as the "mother to all actors", she acted as mother of almost all actors in her career spanning over decades. At the age of 20, she played the mother of older actors Sathyan and Madhu in Thommente Makkal (1965). She particularly gained critical acclaim for acting as the mother of Mohanlal.
Jimi language (Cameroon)
Jimi (Djimi), also known as Jimjimən and 'Um Falin, is a Chadic language spoken in Cameroon in Far North Province on the Nigerian border in and around Bourrha.  Dialects are Djimi, Jimo, Malabu, Wadi, and Zumo.

The Gude use the term Fali to refer to the Jimi, which means 'slave' in several languages of the area. It is also used to refer to other ethnic groups, such as the Fali of Mubi, Fali of Mucella, and Fali of Jilvu.

Jimjimén is spoken in Bourrha, Mayo-Tsanaga department, Far North Region.

Gude language
Gude is an Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Nigeria in Adamawa State in Mubi South LGA and in Borno State in some parts of Askira-Uba LGA.  It is also spoken in neighboring Cameroon.  Different dialects are spoken in Nigeria and Cameroon.

Gude is also spoken in the southern part of Bourrha commune (Mayo-Tsanaga department, Far North Region) and the western end of Mayo-Oulo district (Mayo-Louti department, North Region). It is spoken by about 28,000 people.