hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bursa copulatrix (gastropods)
The bursa copulatrix, also known as gametolytic sac or gametolytic gland,  is an anatomical structure found in the female and hermaphroditic reproductive system of various gastropods, playing a central role in the digestion or storage of spermatozoa after copulation. It is typically connected to the reproductive tract through a bursal duct, and may be associated with other reproductive structures such as the albumen gland, seminal receptacle, or the hermaphroditic duct, among others. It shows considerable morphological variation across taxonomic groups, reflecting its adaptive role in gastropod reproductive strategies. It is morphologically and functionally diverse among gastropods and has significant implications for understanding the evolutionary biology and systematics of the group.

Hermaphroditic duct
The hermaphroditic duct is an anatomical structure in the reproductive system of many hermaphroditic gastropod mollusks, particularly among pulmonates and opisthobranchs. It serves as a conduit for gametes, transporting both sperm and ova from the gonad, commonly referred to as the ovotestis, to different regions of the reproductive tract.
Aditi Sagar
Adithi Sagar is an Indian singer who works in the Kannada film industry. Her songs "Dum Maro Dum" from Raambo 2 (2018),  "The Bengaluru Song" from  French Biriyani (2020), and "The Monster Song" from K.G.F: Chapter 2 (2022) garnered popularity upon release.

Raambo 2
Raambo 2 is a 2018 Indian Kannada-language action comedy drama film written and directed by Anil Kumar and produced by Atlanta Nagendra and Sharan. A sequel of Rambo (2012), the film features Sharan in the lead role, with Ashika Ranganath, Chikkanna, P. Ravishankar and Tabla Nani in the principal roles. A song sequence in the film has five of the leading ladies whom Sharan had paired with in his previous films. The film is co-funded by its technicians such as music director Arjun Janya, cinematographer Sudhakar S Raj, associate director Tharun Sudhir and editor K. M. Prakash. The film released across Karnataka on 18 May 2018.

Upon release, the film received positive reviews from critics. The movie was declared a blockbuster at box-office. The second half of the movie was reported to have been inspired by the 2015 Canadian movie Wrecker. This film was shot in various parts of North Karnataka region such as Gajendragad of Gadag district.
Judith Ngalande Lungu
Dr. Judith Ngalande Lungu is a Livestock Production Specialist and seasoned academician with over 30 years of experience in the field, having held various academic positions in various capacities at University of Zambia (UNZA), Mulungushi University, Kwame Nkurumah University and Botswana College of Agriculture.

University of Zambia
The University of Zambia (UNZA) is Zambia's largest and oldest learning institution. The university was established in 1965 and officially opened to the public on 12 July 1966. The language of instruction is English.
Texarkana Liners
The Texarkana Liners were a minor league baseball team that played in the East Texas League from 1937 to 1940. The club was based in the American city of Texarkana, Texas and was the cities first professional baseball team since 1929, when the Texarkana Twins played.

The team featured numerous notable managers and players. Bill Windle, Ed Hock and Dolly Gray, who each had major league experience, managed the team at different points. Gray, a pitcher, won 111 games in 10 big league seasons. Outfielders Buck Frierson and Culley Rikard played for the team in 1937. Frierson returned in 1938 and played alongside pitcher Vallie Eaves. Frierson came back from 1939 as well. In 1940, outfielder Charlie Metro played for the team.

Texarkana Twins
The Texarkana Twins were a South Central League (1912), East Texas League (1924-1926), Lone Star League (1927-1929) and Cotton States League (1941) baseball team based in Texarkana, Texas, United States. They were affiliated with the Detroit Tigers in 1941.

In 1912, they finished first in the South Central League, becoming the league's de facto champion, as it folded before the scheduled season ended.
Able Friend
Able Friend (Chinese: 步步友: foaled 19 September 2009) is an Australian-bred, Hong Kong-trained Thoroughbred racehorse. After showing some promise when winning one of his two races in his native country, the gelding was transferred to race in Hong Kong in 2013. In the 2013/2014 season he established himself as one of the best milers in Hong Kong with four wins including the Hong Kong Classic Mile and the Chairman's Trophy from seven races. In the following season his wins in the Jockey Club Mile (2014) and Hong Kong Mile saw him rated among the best racehorses in the world. His International Rating of 127 made him the highest internationally rated Hong Kong racehorse ever. He was crowned as the Hong Kong Horse of the Year in 2015.

Hong Kong Classic Mile
The Hong Kong Classic Mile is a domestic Group 1 four year old set weights Thoroughbred horse race in Hong Kong, run over a distance of 1600 metres. It was originally a Group 3 race and was the traditional lead-up race for the Hong Kong Derby. In the season of 1999/2000, this race was upgraded to domestic Group 1 status. Now, it is the first of the three major races for the Hong Kong classic generation.
Killycluggin Stone
The Killycluggin Stone is a decorated stone, found near the town of Killycluggin, County Cavan, in Ireland. Roughly cone-shaped and covered in Iron Age La Tène designs, it was discovered broken in several pieces, partly buried close to a Bronze Age stone circle, inside which it probably once stood. The stone is now housed in the Cavan County Museum, while an imperfect replica stands near the road about 300 metres from the original site.

Although now much damaged, the stone can be reconstructed from the different surviving pieces. It was at least 6 feet high. At the base of the stone there were four rectangular adjoining panels measuring 90 cm each in width giving a circumference of 3 m 60 cm when it was first carved. The height of each panel was about 75 cm.

County Cavan
County Cavan (/ˈkævən/ KAV-ən; Irish: Contae an Chabháin) is a county in Ireland. It is in the province of Ulster and is part of the Northern and Western Region. It is named after the town of Cavan and is based on the historic Gaelic territory of East Breffny (Bréifne). Cavan County Council is the local authority for the county, which had a population of 81,704 at the 2022 census.
Mohiuddin Bava
Mohiuddin Bava is an Indian politician from the state of Karnataka. He represented the Mangalore City North seat as a member of the Indian National Congress party in the Karnataka Legislative Assembly from 2013 to 2018.

Mangalore City North Assembly constituency
Mangalore City North Assembly constituency is one of the Karnataka Legislative Assemblies or Vidhan Sabha constituencies in Karnataka. Mangalore City North is part of Dakshina Kannada Lok Sabha constituency along with seven other Vidhan Sabha segments, namely: 201. Moodabidri, 203. Mangalore City South, 204. Mangalore, 205. Bantwal, 206. Puttur and 207. Sullia.
Charles Munnerlyn
Charles Munnerlyn (born 1940 in Shreveport, LA) is an American optical engineer. He constructed the first working excimer laser system for vision correction in 1985, and also developed the Munnerlyn Formula that dictates the amount of  corneal tissue to be removed by the laser to correct vision disorders such as myopia and astigmatism.  Munnerlyn is the founder of VISX, Incorporated, once the world's largest manufacturer of laser-based vision correction (LVC) systems.  VISX is now owned by Johnson & Johnson.

Excimer laser
An excimer laser, sometimes more correctly called an exciplex laser, is a form of ultraviolet laser which is commonly used in the production of microelectronic devices, semiconductor based integrated circuits or "chips", eye surgery, and micromachining.

Since the 1960s, excimer lasers have been widely used in high-resolution photolithography machines, one of the critical technologies required for microelectronic chip manufacturing.
Corynocarpus similis
Corynocarpus similis is a species of tree in the family Corynocarpaceae, reaching 13 metres (40 feet) in height. It is endemic to Vanuatu. It was first described by the British botanist William Hemsley in 1904 in his revision of the Corynocarpus genus. It is most closely related to C. laevigatus and C. disimilis, but differs due to its wider leaves and their shape. C. similis's seeds contain poisonous glucosides compounds of 3-nitropropionic acid, which are similar to those found in C. laevigatus.

3-Nitropropionic acid
3-Nitropropionic acid (3-NPA) is a mycotoxin which is severely toxic to humans. It is a potent suicidal inhibitor of succinate dehydrogenase, an enyzme in the citric acid cycle and mitochondrial energy chain. Mild cases of exposure give rise to nausea, vomiting, and stomach ache, while severe cases lead to brain damage or death. There is no known antidote to 3-nitropropionic acid poisoning.

3-nitropropionic acid is produced by a number of fungi, most notably in the Aspergillus family, and may be found in food such as in sugar cane as well as Japanese fungally fermented staples, including miso, soy sauce, katsuobushi, coconuts and some traditional Chinese medicines. Several outbreaks of 3-nitropropionic acid poisoning have been linked to contamination of shared food crops, particularly in China, where sugar cane is commonly consumed by children.
Rahul Ravindran
Rahul Ravindran (born 23 June 1981) is an Indian actor, director, and screenwriter who works in Telugu and Tamil films. He made his debut in the Tamil film Moscowin Kavery (2010) before making his Telugu film debut with Andala Rakshasi (2012). He made his Hindi debut in Jigra (2024).

He made his debut as a director with a Telugu film Chi La Sow (2018) for which he won the National Award for Best Original Screenplay.

Jigra
Jigra (transl. Courage) is a 2024 Indian Hindi-language action thriller film directed by Vasan Bala, who co-wrote it with Debashish Irengbam. It is produced by Karan Johar, Apoorva Mehta, Alia Bhatt, Shaheen Bhatt and Soumen Mishra under Viacom18 Studios, Dharma Productions and Eternal Sunshine Productions. It stars Alia Bhatt as a troubled young woman who must rescue her brother (played by Vedang Raina) from a foreign prison, after he is incarcerated for a crime he did not commit.

Principal photography took place in Mumbai and Singapore from October 2023 to February 2024. Jigra was theatrically released worldwide on 11 October 2024, coinciding with Vijayadashami, to mixed-to-positive reviews from critics, with praise directed towards Bhatt's performance and music. The film did not perform well financially, though at the 70th Filmfare Awards, it received four nominations and won two awards – Best Actress (Bhatt)  and R. D. Burman Award (Achint Thakkar).
F. James Rutherford
Floyd James Ervin Rutherford (July 11, 1924 – November 4, 2021) was an American science professor, and the founder of AAAS's Project 2061, a long-term effort to reform science education in the United States.

He has been involved in Harvard Project Physics and Project City Science, and he also was an assistant director at the National Science Foundation with President Jimmy Carter, an assistant director of the United States Department of Education and educational director of the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS).

Science education
Science education is the teaching and learning of science to school children, college students, or adults within the general public. The field of science education includes work in science content, science process (the scientific method), some social science, and some teaching pedagogy. The standards for science education provide expectations for the development of understanding for students through the entire course of their K-12 education and beyond. The traditional subjects included in the standards are physical, life, earth, space, and human sciences.
Abortion in Libya
Abortion in Libya is illegal except to preserve the life of the mother. People who conduct or receive abortions may be imprisoned, with shortened sentences in cases such as pregnancy from rape. Initially inheriting an abortion ban from Italy, Libya made abortion a criminal offense under Muammar Gaddafi, with a 1986 law including an exception for life-saving abortions. The country has opposed the right to abortion, including at the International Conference on Population and Development; it is also a party to the Maputo Protocol, which includes a right to abortion. The country has a taboo surrounding abortion and lacks safe abortion guidelines. Women often travel to receive legal abortions in Tunisia.

International Conference on Population and Development
The United Nations coordinated an International Conference on Population and Development (ICPD) in Cairo, Egypt, on 5–13 September 1994. Its resulting Programme of Action is the steering document for the United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA). After two years of preparation, 179 nations met in Cairo in September 1994 and adopted a 20-year Programme of Action. Core principles included establishing human rights—particularly reproductive rights—at the center of sustainable development, empowering women, and focusing on health, education, and gender equality.

Some 20,000 delegates from various governments, UN agencies, NGOs, and the media gathered for a discussion of a variety of population issues, including immigration, infant mortality, birth control, family planning, the education of women, and protection for women from unsafe abortion services.
Luke Bayer
Luke Charles Bayer (born 25 August 1992) is an English actor and singer who is known for his work in musical theatre. He is best known for his work in the Original West End Cast of Everybody's Talking About Jamie at the Apollo Theatre and for appearing on The X Factor in 2007.

Everybody's Talking About Jamie
Everybody's Talking About Jamie is a stage musical centred around a coming-of-age story, with score by Dan Gillespie Sells and book and lyrics by Tom MacRae. The musical is inspired by the 2011 British television documentary Jamie: Drag Queen at 16 directed by Jenny Popplewell. The musical follows and is based upon the true-life story of 16-year-old British schoolboy Jamie Campbell, as he overcomes prejudice and bullying to step out of the darkness and become a drag queen.
Dinganglung Gangmei
Dinganglung Gangmei, also known as Dipu Gangmei, is an Indian bureaucrat turned politician. He was an IAS officer before taking voluntary retirement to contest an election in January 2022. He was elected to the Manipur Legislative Assembly from Nungba in the 2022 Manipur Assembly election, defeating the six-times MLA and Congress Working Committee member Gaikhangam. On 11 April 2022, he was elected chairman of the Hill Area committee of the Manipur Legislative Assembly.

Gaikhangam Gangmei
Gaikhangam Gangmei (born 12 November 1950) is an Indian politician and member of Congress Working Committee. He served as second Deputy Chief Minister of Manipur  from 2012-2017 and also as MPCC president.
Remus Răduleț
Remus Bazilius Răduleț (May 3, 1904 – February 6, 1984) was a Romanian electrical engineer, who contributed to the development of the International Electrotechnical Vocabulary and theoretical electrotechnology. He was a titular member of the Romanian Academy and served as president of the International Electrotechnical Commission from 1964 to 1967.

Romanian Academy
The Romanian Academy (Romanian: Academia Română [akadeˈmi.a roˈmɨnə]) is a cultural forum founded in Bucharest, Romania, in 1866. It covers the scientific, artistic and literary domains. The academy has 181 active members who are elected for life.

According to its bylaws, the academy's main goals are the cultivation of Romanian language and Romanian literature, the study of the national history of Romania and research into major scientific domains. Some of the academy's fundamental projects are the Romanian language dictionary (Dicționarul explicativ al limbii române), the dictionary of Romanian literature, and the treatise on the history of the Romanian people.
Shallow foundation
A shallow foundation is a type of building foundation that transfers structural load to the earth very near to the surface, rather than to a subsurface layer or a range of depths, as does a deep foundation. Customarily, a shallow foundation is considered as such when the width of the entire foundation is greater than its depth. In comparison to deep foundations, shallow foundations are less technical, thus making them more economical and the most widely used for relatively light structures.

Structural load
A structural load or structural action is a mechanical load (more generally a force) applied to structural elements. A load causes stress, deformation, displacement or acceleration  in a structure. Structural analysis, a discipline in engineering, analyzes the effects of loads on structures and structural elements. Excess load may cause structural failure, so this should be considered and controlled during the design of a structure. Particular  mechanical structures—such as aircraft, satellites, rockets, space stations, ships, and submarines—are subject to their own particular structural loads and actions. Engineers often evaluate structural loads based upon published regulations, contracts, or specifications.  Accepted technical standards are used for acceptance testing and inspection.
Superfan Makeover
"Superfan Makeover" is the tenth episode of the twelfth season of the American television series RuPaul's Drag Race. It originally aired on May 1, 2020. The episode's main challenge tasks contestants with giving makeovers to "superfans" of the show. Daisy Ridley is a guest judge. Jaida Essence Hall wins the challenge. Heidi N Closet and Jackie Cox place in the bottom two and face off in a lip-sync contest to "Kill the Lights" by Alex Newell, but neither is eliminated from the competition.

Kill the Lights (Alex Newell, DJ Cassidy and Nile Rodgers song)
"Kill the Lights" is a song by American recording artist Alex Newell and record producer DJ Cassidy, featuring additional contribution from guitarist Nile Rodgers. The disco song was featured on an episode of the HBO television series, Vinyl (2016), and later appeared on its accompanying extended plays and soundtrack.

Another version of the song features English singer and songwriter Jess Glynne, and a set of remixes of this version by Audien, Yolanda Be Cool, Chuckie, and Dimitri from Paris was released as a single on April 15, 2016.
18b The Las Vegas Arts District
18b The Las Vegas Arts District is located in downtown Las Vegas, Nevada. The district includes art galleries, clothing and antique stores, restaurants, bars, and breweries.

The Arts District is located north of the Las Vegas Strip. East Charleston Boulevard runs through the center of the district from west to east. According to the city, the district is officially bounded by Hoover Avenue to the north and Commerce Street to the west. The southern boundary runs just past Colorado Avenue, while the east border runs along 4th Street up until Charleston, continuing along South Las Vegas Boulevard the rest of the way to Hoover.

The idea of an arts district in Las Vegas dates to 1998, and slowly developed in the years to come. A First Friday event was launched in 2002, to promote the new district. The event proved to be a success, eventually helping to transform the area. The Arts District rose to prominence in the mid-2010s, with the opening of various businesses.

Las Vegas Strip
The Las Vegas Strip is a stretch of Las Vegas Boulevard in Clark County, Nevada, that is known for its concentration of resort hotels and casinos. The Strip, as it is known, is about 4.2 mi (6.8 km) long, and is immediately south of the Las Vegas city limits in the unincorporated towns of Paradise and Winchester, but is often referred to simply as "Las Vegas".

Many of the largest hotel casino and resort properties in the world are on the Strip. Its hotels, casinos, restaurants, residential high-rises, entertainment offerings, and skyline have established the Strip as one of the most popular and iconic tourist destinations in the world and is one of the driving forces for Las Vegas's economy. Most of the Strip has been designated as an All-American Road, and the North and South Las Vegas Strip routes are classified as Nevada Scenic Byways and National Scenic Byways.
Rami Levy Communications
Rami Levy Communications (Hebrew: רמי לוי תקשורת) is a mobile virtual network operator in Israel, using the network from Pelephone. Founded in 2011, it is owned by Rami Levy Hashikma Marketing. The prefix assigned to Rami Levy Communications is 0556.

Mobile virtual network operator
A mobile virtual network operator (MVNO) is a wireless communications services provider that does not own the wireless network infrastructure over which it provides services to its customers. An MVNO enters into a business agreement with a mobile network operator (MNO) to obtain bulk access to network services at wholesale rates, then sets retail prices independently. An MVNO may use its own customer service, billing support systems, marketing, and sales personnel, or it could employ the services of a mobile virtual network enabler (MVNE).
1988 Virginia Slims of Washington – Doubles
Elise Burgin and Pam Shriver were the defending champions but they competed with different partners that year, Burgin with Robin White and Shriver with Martina Navratilova.

Burgin and White lost in the quarterfinals to Larisa Savchenko and Natasha Zvereva.

Navratilova and Shriver won in the final 6–3, 6–4 against Gabriela Sabatini and Helena Suková.

Robin White (tennis)
Robin White (born December 10, 1963) is a former professional tennis player from the United States.

White played on the WTA Tour from 1983 to 1995. She won two singles titles: in Hershey, Pennsylvania, in 1985 and in Auckland in 1992. The highlight of her career was her victory with Gigi Fernández in the US Open women's doubles in 1988. She won 11 other doubles titles, including the US Open mixed doubles in 1989 with Shelby Cannon. She was a finalist in the Australian Open mixed doubles in 1991 and reached the final of the women's doubles in 1994 with Katerina Maleeva.

White's singles record includes wins over Pam Shriver, Hana Mandlíková and Gabriela Sabatini. Her highest rankings were world No. 15 for singles and No. 8 for doubles. She currently is a full-time national coach for women's tennis for the USTA.

She is not related to Anne White, a contemporary on the WTA tour.
Ben's Chili Bowl
Ben's Chili Bowl is a restaurant in Washington, D.C., United States, located at 1213 U Street, next to Lincoln Theatre, in the U Street Corridor, also known as the Cardozo/Shaw neighborhood in Northwest D.C. It is known locally for its chili dogs, half-smokes, and milkshakes, and has been part of the U Street neighborhood since its founding in 1958. It was frequented by both police and protesters during the 1968 Washington, D.C., riots, and has been visited by celebrities, such as Anthony Bourdain, Chris Tucker, and President-elect Barack Obama in January 2009.

Chris Tucker
Christopher Tucker (born August 31, 1971) is an American stand-up comedian and actor. He made his debut in 1992 as a stand-up performer on the HBO comedy series Def Comedy Jam, where he frequently appeared on the show during the 1990s. He made his feature film debut in House Party 3 in 1994 and gained greater recognition in Friday the following year. In 1997, he co-starred in the films The Fifth Element and Money Talks, and had a supporting role in Quentin Tarantino's Jackie Brown. Tucker gained international fame in the 2000s for playing Detective James Carter in the Rush Hour film series.