hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
History of the Detroit Lions
The history of the Detroit Lions, a professional American football franchise based in Detroit, dates back to 1928 when they played in Portsmouth, Ohio as the Spartans. They joined the National Football League (NFL) in 1930 before they were bought by George A. Richards, a radio executive, and moved to Detroit and changed their name to the Lions in 1934 and won their first NFL Championship the following season. The Lions had their most success in the 1950s, winning the NFL Championship three times, in 1952, 1953, and 1957, and made several playoff appearances in the 1990s. In 2025, they played their 96th season, continuing to be one of the NFL's oldest franchises.

1935 Detroit Lions season
The 1935 Detroit Lions season was the franchise's 6th season in the National Football League (NFL) and second in Detroit. Under fifth-year head coach Potsy Clark, the Lions placed first in the NFL's Western Division and defeated the New York Giants 26–7 in the NFL Championship Game for their first league title.

The leading offensive players were Dutch Clark, who led the NFL with 55 points, and Ernie Caddel, who led the league with 621 yards from scrimmage and 6.4 yards per touch.
Ben Lam (politician)
Ben Lam Siu-pan (Chinese: 林兆彬; born 1991) is a Hong Kong former politician and film critic. He became involved in politics while serving as the Deputy Secretariat of the Hong Kong Federation of Students during his studies at the Chinese University of Hong Kong. A trained social worker, Lam co-founded Community March in 2017 and served as the district councilor for the Mong Kok East constituency from 2020 to 2021, resigning prior to the enactment of the Public Offices Ordinance 2021. He also writes film reviews for Stand News, Hong Kong Inmedia, and The Chaser News.

Stand News
Stand News (Chinese: 立場新聞) was a free non-profit online news website based in Hong Kong from 2014 to 2021. Founded in December 2014, it was the successor of House News. It primarily focused on social and political issues in Hong Kong, and generally took a pro-democracy editorial position.

Stand News was ranked highest in credibility among online news media in Hong Kong in two public opinion surveys conducted by the Chinese University of Hong Kong in 2016 and 2019.

On 29 December 2021, amid the backdrop of increasing government suppression of news media following the 2020 enactment of the Hong Kong national security law, Stand News was raided by the Hong Kong Police Force, who arrested senior staff and froze the company's assets. As a result, similar to Apple Daily earlier the same year, Stand News was forced to dismiss its staff and cease operations.
Georges Roffavier
Georges Roffavier (17 September 1775, in Lyon – 12 March 1866, in Lyon) was a French botanist.

In 1806 he studied botany under Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert, later taking part in botanical excursions to Grand-Colombier (1817), Mont-Cenis (1826) and Chamonix (1830). In 1830 he was named interim manager of the botanical garden at Lyon.

With Nicolas Charles Seringe and others, he was a founding member of the Société linnéenne de Lyon, serving as its treasurer from 1822 to 1829. In 1864 he donated his collections, herbarium and library to Dr. Louis Lortet.

Plants with the specific epithet of roffavieri are named in his honor, an example being Rosa roffavieri.

Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert
Jean-Emmanuel Gilibert (21 June 1741 in Lyon – 2 September 1814 in Lyon) was a French politician, botanist, freemason, medical doctor and member of the Academy of Sciences, Humanities and Arts of Lyon.
Charity Aiguobarueghian
Charity Iguodala Aiguobarueghian (born 24 November 1976)  is a Nigerian lawyer and politician. Aiguobarueghian is currently representing Ovia North-East Local Government Area I Constituency in the Edo State House of Assembly. Aiguobarueghian serves as the majority leader of the 8th Assembly.

Edo State House of Assembly
The Edo State House of Assembly is the unicameral legislature of the Nigerian state of Edo. Chapter V, Part II of the Constitution of Nigeria, adopted in 1999, defines the role of the House of Assembly. The House of Assembly is composed of 24 members, each elected from single-member constituencies across the 18 local government areas of the state. In addition to lawmaking, House of Assembly collaborates closely with the executive branch to support state development initiatives.

Currently, the People's Democratic Party (PDP) holds a majority in the Assembly with 15 seats. The All Progressives Congress (APC) and the Labour Party (LP) are in the minority with APC having 8 seats and LP have 1 seat.
Ekagrata
In Hinduism, Ekāgratā (Sanskrit: एकाग्रता, "one-pointedness"; Pali: ekaggatā) is the intent pursuit of one object, close and undisturbed attention. Yoga emphasises regular practice (Abhyasa) of meditation and self-imposed discipline to acquire ekāgratā.

Abhyasa
Abhyāsa, in Hinduism, is a spiritual practice which is regularly and constantly practised over a long period of time. It has been prescribed by the great sage Patanjali in his Yoga Sutras, and by Krishna in the Bhagavad Gita as an essential means to control the mind, together with Vairāgya.

An abhyasi is a spiritual seeker in the esoteric mystical traditions of Asia, notably Indian subcontinent. The word abhyasi means "one who practises" in Sanskrit. Ram Chandra defined an abhyasi as an "aspirant", or "one who practices yoga in order to achieve union with God".
Brian Shillinglaw
Robert Brian Shillinglaw (1 July 1939 – 17 October 2007), also known by the nickname of "Shill", was a Scottish rugby union and professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1950s and 1960s. He played representative level rugby union (RU) for Scotland, and at club level for Gala RFC, and representative level rugby league (RL) for Other Nationalities, and at club level for Whitehaven, Wigan and Leigh. Shillinglaw served with the King's Own Scottish Borderers.

Whitehaven R.L.F.C.
Whitehaven R.L.F.C. is a professional rugby league club, from Whitehaven, Cumbria. They currently play in League One following relegation from the Championship in 2024. They currently play their games at the Recreation Ground (known locally as the Recre).

Their nicknames are 'Haven' or the 'Marras' (a local dialect word for 'mates'). Their mascot is a lion called "Pride". Between 1997 and 2003 they were known as Whitehaven Warriors.

Their local rivals are Workington Town.
Matilde Villa
Matilde Villa (born 9 December 2004) is an Italian basketball player for Umana Reyer Venezia of the Lega Basket Femminile. She was drafted by the Atlanta Dream of the Women's National Basketball Association (WNBA) with the 32nd pick in the 2024 WNBA draft.

Reyer Venezia (women)
Reyer Venezia is a professional women's basketball club based in Venice, Italy. The team plays in the LBF, the highest level in Italian basketball. The team was successful in the 1930s and 1950s and won three Italian title in 1946, 2021 and 2024.
1992 European Community Championships
The 1992 European Community Championships was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the Sportpaleis Antwerp in Antwerp in Belgium and was part of the World Series (Designated Week) of the 1992 ATP Tour. It was the 11th edition of the tournament and was held from 9 November through 15 November 1992. Sixth-seeded Richard Krajicek, who entered the main draw on a wildcard, won the singles title.

Richard Krajicek
Richard Peter Stanislav Krajicek (Czech: Krajíček; born 6 December 1971) is a Dutch former professional tennis player and tournament director. Krajicek won 17 singles titles during his career, including the 1996 Wimbledon Championships, becoming the first (and only) Dutchman to win a major singles title. He reached a career high world No. 4 ranking in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) in March 1999. Retiring from the sport in 2003, Krajicek has been the tournament director of the Rotterdam Open since 2004. He is also the author of various sports books.
John Twomey (hurler)
John Twomey (Irish: Seán Ó Túama; born 1962) is an Irish former hurler who played as a centre-back for the Dublin senior team.

Born in Finglas, County Dublin, Twomey played both hurling and Gaelic football with his local club, Erins Isle. He won a Dublin Senior Hurling Championship medal with Isles in 1983 and a Dublin Senior Football Championship medal with them in 1993. Twomey began playing with the Dublin senior hurling team in 1982 and was a key part of Lar Foley's team of the early 1990s, captaining them in two consecutive finals in the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship in 1990 and 1991. At inter-provincial level, he won a Railway Cup medal with Leinster in 1988.

Dublin Senior Hurling Championship
The Dublin Senior Hurling Championship (Irish: Craobh Sinsear Iomána Átha Cliath) is an annual hurling competition organised by the Dublin County Board of the Gaelic Athletic Association (GAA) since 1887 for the top hurling clubs in County Dublin, Ireland.

Sixteen clubs compete. Initially the teams are divided into four groups of four with the group matches being played from April to May with a break to accommodate the All-Ireland Championship and resume during August or September. The group stage is followed by a knock-out phase which takes place during the months of October and November.

Sponsored by Go-Ahead, it is therefore officially known as the Go-Ahead Dublin Senior Hurling Championship.

Since the establishment of the Dublin Senior Hurling Championship in 1887, a total of 26 clubs have won the tournament. Faughs have been the most successful club having won 31 titles.

Na Fianna are the title holders having defeated Lucan Sarsfields 1-20 to 0-22 in the 2025 final.
Derrick Michael Xzavierro
Derrick Michael Xzavierro (born 1 April 2003), also known by his initials DMX, is an Indonesian college basketball player for the Long Beach State Beach of the Big West Conference (BWC). He is the first-ever Indonesian citizen to earn a Division I athletic scholarship.

Indonesians
Indonesians (Indonesian: Orang Indonesia) are citizens or people who are identified with the country of Indonesia, regardless of their ethnic or religious background. There are more than 1,300 ethnicities in Indonesia, making it a multicultural archipelagic country with a diversity of languages, culture and religious beliefs. The population of Indonesia according to the 2020 national census was 270.2 million. 56% live on the island of Java, the world's most populous island. Around 95% of Indonesians are Native Indonesians (formerly grouped as "Pribumi"), primarily of Austronesian and Melanesian descent, with 40% Javanese  and 15% Sundanese forming the majority, while the other 5% are Indonesians with ancestry from foreign origin, such as Arab Indonesians, Chinese Indonesians, Indian Indonesians, and Indos.
Camera Obscura (San Francisco)
The Camera Obscura is a large-scale camera obscura, in the Lands End area of the Outer Richmond District in western San Francisco, California.

It is located immediately adjacent to the Cliff House, perched on the headlands on the cliffs just north of Ocean Beach. Both the Camera and the Cliff House are owned by the National Park Service and are within the Golden Gate National Recreation Area. The Camera Obscura was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 2001 and is within the NPS Sutro Historic District. It is within the Golden Gate National Recreation Area, since being acquired by the National Park Service in 1977.

Lands End (San Francisco)
Lands End is a park in San Francisco within the larger Golden Gate National Recreation Area. It is also the geographic name of a specific promontory next to the Pacific Ocean on the northwest side of the park. The park is in large part a rocky and windswept shoreline at the mouth of the Golden Gate, situated between the Sutro District and Lincoln Park and abutting Fort Miley Military Reservation.  Numerous hiking trails follow the former railbeds of the Ferries and Cliff House Railway along the cliffs and also down to the shore.
Summer Suspicion
"Summer Suspicion" (Japanese: サマー・サスピション, Hepburn: Samā Sasupishon) is the debut single by Japanese band S. Kiyotaka & Omega Tribe released by VAP on April 21, 1983. Produced by Koichi Fujita and written by Tetsuji Hayashi and Chinfa Kan, the song is made to have a "domestic Japanese melancholy" by the request of Fujita after rejecting two previous songs by Hayashi and Kan. It peaked at 9th place on the Oricon Singles Chart in 1983.

VAP, Inc.
VAP, Inc. (株式会社バップ, Kabushiki gaisha Bappu) (initials of Video & Audio Project) is a Japanese entertainment company, headquartered in Chiyoda, Tokyo. It is a subsidiary of Nippon Television Holdings, Inc.
Trams in Avranches
The Tramway d'Avranches was a 2.7 kilometres (1.7 miles) long tramway system serving the coastal town of Avranches, France.

Inaugurated in April 1907, the network consisted in a 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) line stretching across the town centre. Traction was electric. The tram closed on 2 August 1914.

Granville-Avranches-Sourdeval tramway
The Granville-Avranches-Sourdeval tramway was a 71 km (44 mi) long 1,000 mm (3 ft 3+3⁄8 in) gauge railway from Condé-sur-Vire via Granville to Avranches in the Manche department of the Normandy region, which operated from 1908 to 1935.
Australian Senior Open
The Australian Senior Open was an event on the PGA Legends Tour. It was run by Golf Australia. From 2007 to 2012 it was hosted by ISPS Handa and titled as the Handa Australian Senior Open. The final event was in 2012. The 2010 event was co-sanctioned with the European Senior Tour and was the first event of the 2011 European Senior Tour season.

The Senior Open was revived in 2007 by Haruhisa Handa, president of the International Sports Promotion Society. In 2011, the tournament was co-sanctioned by the European Senior Tour.

European Senior Tour
The European Senior Tour, currently titled as the Staysure Legends Tour for sponsorship reasons, is a professional golf tour for male golfers aged 50 and over, run by the PGA European Tour. The tour was titled as the Staysure Tour for the 2018 and 2019 seasons after UK-based insurance company Staysure became the first title sponsors of the senior tour in December 2017. The tour was relaunched as the Legends Tour in 2020, after Ryan Howsam, founder and owner of Staysure, took majority ownership in a joint venture with the European Tour. The headquarters are based at Wentworth Golf Club, UK.

In 2025, the tour will play across four continents with a 20-event calendar, which will take place between February and December. Total prize fund for the year will be €20 million.
David Manson (schoolmaster)
David Manson (1726-1792) was an Irish schoolmaster who in teaching children basic literacy sought to exclude "drudgery and fear" by pioneering the use of play and peer tutoring. His methods were in varying degrees adapted by freely-instructed hedge-school masters across the north of Ireland, and were advertised to a larger British audience by Elizabeth Hamilton in her popular novel The Cottagers of Glenburnie (1808).

Patronised by leading, reform-minded, families, his school in Belfast counted among its pupils the future pioneering naturalist John Templeton, the radical humanitarian Mary Ann McCracken and her brother Henry Joy McCracken, the United Irishman, who was to hang for his role in the 1798 Rebellion.

Hedge school
Hedge schools (Irish names include  scoil chois claí, scoil ghairid and scoil scairte) were small informal secret and illegal schools, particularly in 18th-century Ireland, teaching the rudiments of primary education to children of 'non-conforming' faiths (Catholic and Presbyterian). Prior to the repeal of the Education Act 1695 (7 Will. 3. c. 4 (I)) by the Roman Catholic Relief Act 1782 (21 & 22 Geo. 3 (I). c. 24 (I)), only schools run by subscribers to the Anglican faith were allowed to operate. Instead, Catholics and Presbyterians set up secret and illegal schools that met in private homes.
Tamarhat
Tamarhat is a small town in Dhubri district, KAC, Assam, India. The town situated in the east bank of Gadadhar river a distance of 45 K.M. toward north from the Dhubri Town. It has been under the Kamatapur Autonomous Council since 2020, ie. formation year of Kamatapur Autonomous Council. Tamarhat is the boarder place of Dhubri district, and Kokrajhar district of Assam. The place is also situated in the boarder of Assam and West Bengal.Nearby airport is Rupsi airport (RUP) situated in a distance of 22 km. Earlier the area was under the district of Kokrajhar, in 2013 the area transferred to Dhubri district. Bengali, Muslim, Koch Rajbongshi are among major ethnic groups in this area. This area comes under 28 Gossaigaon Assam Lesgislative Assembly and Kokrajhar Lok Sabha constituency.

Kamtapur Autonomous Council
The Kamtapur Autonomous Council is an autonomous council in the Kamtapur region of the Indian state of Assam, for development and protection of ethnic Koch Rajbongshi people. It was formed in 2020. It includes the whole  of the Undivided Goalpara district, excluding Bodoland Territorial Council and Rabha Hasong Autonomous Council areas.
Hackman Owusu-Agyeman
Hackman Owusu-Agyemang (born 22 November 1941) is a Ghanaian politician and former member of Parliament for New Juaben North constituency of the eastern region of Ghana. He is a member of the 3rd parliament of the 4th republic of Ghana and a former Minister of Water, Works and Housing as well as a former minister of foreign affairs. He is currently the Chairman of the Council of Elders of the New Patriotic Party and board chairman of the Ghana Cocoa Board.

Ghana Cocoa Board
The Ghana Cocoa Board (COCOBOD) is a Ghanaian government-controlled monopsony institution that fixes the buying price for cocoa in Ghana. Farmers are protected from the volatile prices on the world market through the price-fixing. The board also sells high-quality hybrid seeds and carries out some research on cocoa plant-related diseases.

The institution, originally established in the colonial era, was known as the Cocoa Marketing Board between 1947 and 1979. 60% of Ghana's cocoa beans are sent to the UK. The Board's sole responsibility is to support production, marketing and processing of cocoa in the county.
Sri Satyanarayana Mahathyam
Sri Satyanarayana Mahathyam (transl. Glory of Sri Satyanarayana) is a 1964 Indian Telugu-language Hindu mythological film directed by S. Rajinikanth. It stars N. T. Rama Rao and Krishna Kumari, with music composed by Ghantasala.

Krishna Kumari (actress)
T. Krishna Kumari (6 March 1933 – 24 January 2018) was an Indian actress. She worked predominantly in Telugu films, in addition to Tamil and Kannada films in the 1950s and 1960s. She was the sister of noted actress Sowkar Janaki.

She starred in over 150 films in her career, most notably Pichi Pullayya (1953), Bangaru Papa (1955), Vinayaka Chaviti (1957), Pelli Kanuka (1960), Devanthakudu (1960), Bharya Bhartalu (1961), Vagdanam (1961), Kula Gotralu (1962), Chaduvukunna Ammayilu (1963), Bandipotu (1963), Punarjanma (1963 film), Aggi Pidugu (1964), Doctor Chakravarty (1964), Gudi Gantalu (1964), Antastulu (1965), Chikkadu Dorakadu (1967),Tikka Sankarayya (1968), Neramu Siksha (1973).
Maya Bally
Maya Ines Bally Frehner (German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪa ˈbali]; née Bally; 16 July 1961) is a Swiss politician who currently serves on the National Council (Switzerland) for The Centre succeeding Marianne Binder-Keller during the 2023 Swiss federal election who was ultimately elected into Council of States (Switzerland). Since 2013, she concurrently serves on the Grand Council of Aargau.

Marianne Binder-Keller
Marianne Binder-Keller (née Keller; born 15 June 1958) is a Swiss communications professional and politician who currently serves as member of the National Council for The Centre (formerly CVP) since 2019. Binder-Keller currently is a member-elect of the Council of States (Switzerland) after being elected during the second ballot in the 2023 Swiss federal election which was held on 19 November 2023. She defeated Benjamin Giezendanner by roughly 5,000 votes.
Geology of the Canyonlands area
The geology of the park is the consequence of deposition, uplift and erosion. Island in the Sky is a mesa overlooking the Green River (Colorado River tributary) to the west and the Colorado River to the east, and separated from the Colorado Plateau by "the neck". From the top of the mesa to the Honaker Trail Formation at the canyon river bottom, 150 million years of geologic stratum is exposed. Upheaval Dome consists of the Chinle Formation in the center and the Navajo Sandstone along the rim. The Cedar Mesa Sandstone comprised the Needles District. Canyons comprise the Maze District.

Cataract Canyon
Cataract Canyon is a 46-mile-long (74 km) canyon of the Colorado River located within Canyonlands National Park and Glen Canyon National Recreation Area in southern Utah. It begins at Colorado's confluence with the Green River, and its downstream terminus is the confluence with the Dirty Devil River. The lower half of the canyon is submerged beneath Lake Powell when the lake is at its normal high water elevation of 3,700 feet (1,100 m).
Anna Isabella Gonzaga
Anna Isabella Gonzaga (12 February 1655 – 11 August 1703) was a Duchess consort of Mantua and Montferrat and heiress of the Duchy of Guastalla, including Luzzara and Reggiolo; she married in 1671 to Ferdinando Carlo Gonzaga, Duke of Mantua and Montferrat, as his first wife. She was the regent of Mantua in the absence of her spouse in 1691-1692 and during the War of the Spanish Succession in 1702-1703.

Luzzara
Luzzara (Guastallese: Lüsèra) is a comune in the province of Reggio Emilia, in Emilia-Romagna, Italy.  It is located at the northern end of the province, on the right bank of the river Po.

Luzzara is the birthplace of the composer Maurizio Cazzati and film director and writer Cesare Zavattini. It is also the place where the Battle of Luzzara in the Spanish War of Succession was fought.
History of hypertext
Hypertext is text displayed on a computer or other electronic device with references (hyperlinks) to other text that the reader can immediately access, usually by a mouse click or keypress sequence. Early conceptions of hypertext defined it  as text that could be connected by a linking system to a range of other documents that were stored outside that text. In 1934 Belgian bibliographer Paul Otlet developed a blueprint for links that telescoped out from hypertext electrically to allow readers to access documents, books, photographs, and so on, stored anywhere in the world.

Project Xanadu
Project Xanadu (/ˈzænəduː/ ZAN-ə-doo) was the first hypertext project, founded in 1960 by Ted Nelson. Administrators of Project Xanadu declared it superior to the World Wide Web, with the mission statement: "Today's popular software simulates paper. The World Wide Web (another imitation of paper) trivialises our original hypertext model with one-way ever-breaking links and no management of version or contents."

Wired magazine published an article entitled "The Curse of Xanadu", calling Project Xanadu "the longest-running vaporware story in the history of the computer industry". The first attempt at implementation began in 1960, but it was not until 1998 that an incomplete implementation was released. A version described as "a working deliverable", OpenXanadu, was made available in 2014.
Riddles of Dunash ben Labrat
The riddles of Dunash ben Labrat (920×925-after 985) are noted as some of the first recorded Hebrew riddles, and part of Dunash's seminal development of Arabic-inspired Andalusian Hebrew poetry. Unlike some later Andalusian Hebrew riddle-writers, Dunash focused his riddles on everyday objects in the material world. His writing draws inspiration from the large corpus of roughly contemporary, poetic Arabic riddles. The riddles are in the wāfir metre.: 142

Hebrew riddles
Riddles in Hebrew are referred to as חידות ḥidot (singular חִידָה ḥidah). They have at times been a major and distinctive part of literature in Hebrew and closely related languages. At times they have a complex relationship with proverbs.