hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
IPod Classic
The iPod Classic (stylized and marketed as iPod classic and originally simply iPod) is a discontinued portable media player created and formerly marketed by Apple.

There were six generations of the iPod Classic, as well as a spin-off (the iPod Photo) that was later re-integrated into the main iPod line. All generations used a 1.8-inch (46 mm) hard drive for storage. The "classic" suffix was formally introduced with the rollout of the sixth-generation iPod on September 5, 2007. Prior generations of the device had simply been marketed as the "iPod". It was available in silver or black from 2007 onwards, replacing the "signature iPod white".

On September 9, 2014, Apple discontinued the iPod Classic. The sixth-generation 160 GB iPod Classic was the last Apple product to use the original 30-pin dock connector and the distinctive click wheel.

Rockbox
Rockbox is a free and open-source software replacement for the OEM firmware in various forms of digital audio players (DAPs) with an original kernel. It offers an alternative to the player's operating system, in many cases without removing the original firmware, which provides a plug-in architecture for adding various enhancements and functions. Enhancements include personal digital assistant (PDA) functions, applications, utilities, and games. Rockbox can also retrofit video playback functions on players first released in mid-2000. Rockbox includes a voice-driven user-interface suitable for operation by visually impaired users.

Rockbox runs on a wide variety of devices with very different hardware abilities: from early Archos players with 1-bit character cell-based displays, to modern players with high resolution color displays, digital optical audio hardware and advanced recording abilities.
Andersonglossum virginianum
Andersonglossum virginianum, known as southern wild comfrey, is a flowering plant in the borage family native to North America. It is also sometimes called blue houndstongue.

Formerly placed in the genus Cynoglossum, it was transferred to the genus Andersonglossum in 2015.

Cynoglossum
Cynoglossum is a genus of small-flowered plants in the family Boraginaceae (borage family). It includes 81 species native to Eurasia, Africa, New Guinea, and Australia.

Cynoglossum officinale, the common hound's-tongue, is a native of Asia, Africa, and Europe. It has been introduced into North America, and it is considered to be a troublesome weed because its burs stick to the wool of sheep and to other animals. Houndstongue is also toxic to cattle and other grazing animals due to the presence of pyrrolizidine alkaloids, which when ingested can lead to liver damage and photosensitivity in livestock.
Civilization World
Civilization World was a massively multiplayer online Flash game in the Civilization game series, developed by Sid Meier and Firaxis Games. It was launched on July 6, 2011 on Facebook with the original name Civilization Network; the game title was changed to Civilization World on January 6, 2012. On February 28, 2013, it was announced that the game would be discontinued and was shut down on May 29, 2013.

Sid Meier
Sidney K. Meier (/ˈmaɪər/ MIRE; born February 24, 1954) is an American businessman and computer programmer. A programmer, designer, and producer of many strategy and simulation video games, including the Civilization series, Meier co-founded MicroProse in 1982 with Bill Stealey and is the Director of Creative Development of Firaxis Games, which he co-founded with Jeff Briggs and Brian Reynolds in 1996. For his contributions to the video game industry, Meier was inducted into the Academy of Interactive Arts and Sciences Hall of Fame.
Győr (genus)
Győr (Geur or Jeur)  was the name of a gens (Latin for "clan"; nemzetség in Hungarian) in the Kingdom of Hungary. The ancestor of the kindred was a German knight, who arrived to Hungary in the first half of the 11th century. His descendants settled down in Transdanubia. The last scion of the family died in the 17th century.

Transdanubia
Transdanubia (Hungarian: Dunántúl [ˈdunaːntuːl]; German: Transdanubien, Croatian: Prekodunavlje or Zadunavlje, Slovak: Zadunajsko) is a Hungarian geographical concept, varying in time according to the changing borders of Hungary during history. As such, it is a traditional region of Hungary, which is also referred to as Hungarian Pannonia, or Pannonian Hungary.
Lodge (company)
Lodge Manufacturing Company is an American manufacturer of cast-iron cookware based in South Pittsburg, Tennessee. Founded in 1896 by Joseph Lodge, Lodge Manufacturing is one of America's oldest cookware companies in continuous operation. It is still owned and managed by the descendants of the Lodge family. Most cast iron sold by Lodge is produced in its foundry in South Pittsburg, which has been in operation since the company was founded.

Cookware and bakeware
Cookware and bakeware is food preparation equipment, such as cooking pots, pans, baking sheets etc. used in kitchens. Cookware is used on a stove or range cooktop, while bakeware is used in an oven. Some utensils are considered both cookware and bakeware.

There is a great variety of cookware and bakeware in shape, material, and inside surface. Some materials conduct heat well; some retain heat well. Some surfaces are non-stick; some require seasoning.

Some pots and their lids have handles or knobs made of low thermal conductance materials such as bakelite, plastic or wood, which make them easy to pick up without oven gloves.

A good cooking pot design has an "overcook edge" which is what the lid lies on. The lid has a dripping edge that prevents condensation fluid from dripping off when handling the lid (taking it off and holding it 45°) or putting it down.
Andrew Carney
Andrew Carney (1794–1864) immigrated to the United States in 1816. Carney partnered with Jacob Sleeper to form Carney & Sleeper, Clothiers.  Carney was a wise investor and grew his fortune with investments in Boston's real estate market. Carney's interests turned to finance and he assisted in founding the First National Bank of Boston and the John Hancock Insurance Company for which he worked as a director.  Carney cared for the youth of Boston by founding the St. Vincent Home for Girls, and was a benefactor of the House of the Angel Guardian for Homeless Boys and the Home for Destitute Catholic Children.   Carney worked with Jesuit leaders in Boston, and helped finance the Church of the Immaculate Conception and Boston College in 1863.  Carney established Carney Hospital, the first Catholic hospital in New England in 1863.

BankBoston
BankBoston was an American bank based in Boston, Massachusetts, which was created by the 1996 merger of Bank of Boston and BayBank. One of its predecessor banks started in 1784, but the merged BankBoston was short-lived, being acquired by FleetBoston Financial in 1999. In 2005, FleetBoston was purchased by, and merged into, Bank of America of Charlotte, North Carolina.

After the sale of its Latin American branches in 2006, BankBoston currently exists solely as a subsidiary private bank owned by Bank of America.
Cladosporium caryigenum
Cladosporium caryigenum is a synonym of Fusicladium effusum, the plant pathogen which causes pecan scab. Pecan scab is the most economically significant disease of pecan (Carya illinoinensis) in the southeastern United States. In 2010, Seyran and colleagues used sequencing of the mitochondrial gene for cytochrome b to conclusively classify the pecan scab fungus as Fusicladium effusum.

Pecan scab
Pecan scab is the most economically significant disease of pecan trees (Carya illinoinensis) in the southeastern United States. Venturia effusa is a fungal plant pathogen that causes pecan scab. The fungus causes lesions and tissue death on pecan twigs, petioles, leaves, nuts and shucks beginning in early spring, with multiple cycles of infection repeating until late summer. Wind and rain spread the fungus to a susceptible host. Control of the disease is achieved by fungicide, sanitation and, in some cases, quarantine.

Since its first description in 1882, the pecan scab fungus has been reclassified ten times, with other names such as Fusicladium caryigenum, Cladosporium effusum and Cladosporium caryigenum commonly associated with the fungus.
SS Lusitania (1871)
SS Lusitania was a British ocean liner that ran aground at Seal Cove, near Cape Ballard, 25 nautical miles (46 km) North of Cape Race, Newfoundland in the Atlantic Ocean on 26 June 1901, while she was travelling from Liverpool, United Kingdom, to Montreal, Canada, with general cargo.

Cape Race
Cape Race is a point of land located at the southeastern tip of the Avalon Peninsula on the island of Newfoundland, in Newfoundland and Labrador, Canada. Its name is thought to come from the original Portuguese name for this cape, "Raso", meaning flat or low-lying.  The Cape appeared on early sixteenth century maps as Cabo Raso and its name may derive from a cape of the same name at the mouth of the Tagus River in Portugal.  The cape was the location of the Cape Race LORAN-C transmitter until the system was decommissioned in 2010. It is also home to the Cape Race Lighthouse, notable for having received the distress call from the RMS Titanic.
Nebraska Supreme Court
The Nebraska Supreme Court is the highest court in the U.S. state of Nebraska. The court consists of a chief justice and six associate justices. Each justice is initially appointed by the governor of Nebraska; using the Missouri Plan, each justice is then subject to a retention vote for additional six-year terms. The six associate justices each represent a Supreme Court district; the chief justice is appointed (and retained) at-large.

Unlike most other states, with the exception of North Dakota, the Nebraska Supreme Court requires a supermajority of five justices of the seven to rule unconstitutional a legislative provision (the 48 others states require a simple majority).

Douglas County, Nebraska
Douglas County is a county located in the U.S. state of Nebraska. As of the 2020 census, the population was 584,526, and was estimated to be 601,158 in 2024, making it the most populous county in Nebraska. The county seat and the largest city is Omaha. the most populous city in Nebraska and the 41st-most populous city in the United States. It contains over 29.98% of the state's population.

Douglas County is part of the Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA Metropolitan Statistical Area.

In the Nebraska license plate system, Douglas County was represented by the prefix "1" (as it had the largest number of vehicles registered in the state when the license plate system was established in 1922). In 2002, the state discontinued the 1922 system in the three most populous counties: Douglas, Lancaster, and Sarpy Counties.
Oirat Confederation
The Four Oirats (Written Oirat: ᡑᡈᠷᡋᡈᠨᡆᡕᡅᠷᠠᡑ, Dörbön Oyirad; Mongolian: Дөрвөн Ойрад, romanized: Dörvön Oirad, pronounced [ˈtɵrw̜ʊ̈ɴ ˈɞe̯ɾ(ə)t]; Chinese: 四衛拉特) or Oirat Confederation, formerly known as the Eleuths, was the confederation of the Oirat tribes which marked the rise of the Western Mongols in the history of the Mongolian Plateau.

Despite the universal currency of the term "Four Oirat" among Eastern Mongols, Oirats, and numerous explanations by historians, no consensus has been reached on the identity of the original four tribes. While it is believed that the term Four Oirats refers to the Choros, Torghut, Dörbet and Khoshut tribes, there is a theory that the Oirats were not consanguineous units, but political-ethnic units composed of many patrilineages. In the early period, the Kergüd tribe also belonged to the confederation.

Mongolian Plateau
The Mongolian Plateau or Altai Plateau is an inland plateau in East Asia covering approximately 3,200,000 square kilometers (1,200,000 sq mi). It is bounded by the Greater Hinggan Mountains in the east, the Yin Mountains to the south, the Altai Mountains to the west, and the Sayan and Khentii mountains to the north. The plateau includes the Gobi Desert as well as dry steppe regions. It has an elevation of roughly 1,000 to 1,500 meters (3,300 to 4,900 ft), with the lowest point in Hulunbuir and the highest point in the Altai.

Politically, the plateau spans all of Mongolia, along with parts of China and Russia. Inner Mongolia and parts of the Dzungarian Basin in Xinjiang encompass the Chinese portion of the plateau. In Russia, the plateau forms Transbaikal, part of Buryatia, and the southern Irkutsk Oblast. The Mongolian Plateau comprises the majority of the area known as the Mongol heartland.
Paradise Lost (1940 film)
Paradise Lost (French: Paradis perdu) is a 1940 French war drama film directed by Abel Gance and starring Fernand Gravey, Elvire Popesco and Micheline Presle. In pre-First World War Paris, an aspiring artist falls in love with a dressmaker. After she dies in childbirth he volunteers to take part in a dangerous mission during the war. Badly wounded, he nonetheless recovers, and returns home to bring up his only daughter.

Elvira Popescu
Elvira Popescu (Romanian pronunciation: [elˈvira poˈpesku]; in French, Elvire Popesco; 10 May 1894 – 11 December 1993) was a Romanian-French stage and film actress and theatre director. During the 1930s and 1940s, she starred in a number of French comedy films.
Héctor Orezzoli
Héctor Orezzoli (1953 — December 5, 1991) was an Argentine stage director, costume designer, set designer, and lighting designer. Along with his creative partner Claudio Segovia, he co-created the musical revues Flamenco Pure, Tango Argentino, and Black and Blue which were produced and staged by them on stages internationally; including Broadway in New York and theaters throughout Europe and South America. For Black and Blue, the two men won the 1989 Tony Award for Best Costume Design and were nominated for the Tony Award for Best Scenic Design and the Tony Award for Best Direction of a Musical.

Tony Award for Best Costume Design
These are the winners and nominees for the Tony Award for Best Costume Design.  The award was first presented in 1947 and included both plays and musicals. In 1961, and since 2005 the category was divided into Costume Design in a Play and Costume Design in a Musical with each genre receiving its own award.
Magnolia Place
Magnolia Place is a historic home located near Morganton, Burke County, North Carolina.  The original section was built about 1818, and is a two-story, five bay by two bay, brick structure in the Federal style.  Attached at the rear is a one bay by two bay temple form Greek Revival style addition built about 1850.  It features a long full-height porch.  The addition was built by Clarke Moulton Avery, second child born to Isaac Thomas Avery, master of Swan Ponds. In 1841, he married Elizabeth Tilghman Walton, daughter of Thomas George Walton, master of Creekside.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1973.

Creekside (Morganton, North Carolina)
Creekside is a historic home located near Morganton, Burke County, North Carolina.  It was built in 1836, and is a two-story, five-bay, brick mansion with a gable roof in the Greek Revival style.  It features a tetrastyle pedimented portico covers with heavy stuccoed brick Doric order columns. The interior features Federal style decorative elements. It was built by Colonel Thomas George Walton, great nephew of George Walton, a signer of the Declaration of Independence.

It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1972.
Thomas Gillow
Thomas Gillow (died 1687) was an English stage actor of the Restoration era. His name was sometimes written Gilloe or Gillo.

His first known role was at the Lincoln's Inn Fields Theatre in Samuel Pordage's Herod and Mariamne in 1671. He remained with the Duke's Company at the Dorset Gardens Theatre until the merger that created the United Company in 1682. His first role at Drury Lane was in John Dryden's The Duke of Guise in November that year. He remained a prominent member of the company, appearing in a mixture of comedies and tragedies. He died in May 1687 and was buried at St Bride's Church in the City of London. An actress billed as Mrs Gillow appeared at the Dorset Street Theatre between 1675 and 1678 and this may have been his wife Mary Gillow.

John Dryden
John Dryden (/ˈdraɪdən/; 19 August [O.S. 9 August] 1631 – 12 May [O.S. 1 May] 1700) was an English poet, literary critic, translator, and playwright who in 1668 was appointed England's first Poet Laureate.

He is seen as dominating the literary life of Restoration England to such a point that the period came to be known in literary circles as the Age of Dryden. Romantic writer Sir Walter Scott called him "Glorious John".
Bondarsky District
Bondarsky District  (Russian: Бо́ндарский райо́н) is an administrative and municipal district (raion), one of the twenty-three in Tambov Oblast, Russia. It is located in the northeastern central part of the oblast.  The district borders with Pichayevsky District in the north, Gavrilovsky District in the east, Rasskazovsky District in the south, and with Tambovsky District in the west. The area of the district is 1,252.3 square kilometers (483.5 sq mi). Its administrative center is the rural locality (a selo) of Bondari. Population: 13,191 (2010 Census);  15,311 (2002 Census); 18,723 (1989 Soviet census). The population of Bondari accounts for 44% of the district's total population. The district has 11 villages and 56 rural settlements.

Bondari, Tambov Oblast
Bondari (Russian: Бондари) is a rural locality (a selo) serving as the administrative center of the district. With a population of approximately 4,000 residents, Bondari is situated 75 kilometers northeast of Tambov and 35 kilometers north of the Platonovka railway station along the Tambov-Rtishchevo line. Nestled along the Bolshoy Lomovis River, a tributary of the Tsna river, Bondari is known for its main dairy facility, the Bondari Milk and Cheese Factory, which serves as a significant source of dairy products for the entire Tambov Oblast region.
Siege of Messina (1282)
The siege of Messina (June–September 1282) was a 13th-century military engagement. Fought during the opening months of the War of the Sicilian Vespers, the engagement began when an Angevin army led by Charles of Anjou laid siege to the city of Messina, which had rebelled against Angevin rule. Hoping to secure Messina as a bridgehead to reconquer the rest of Sicily, Charles of Anjou conducted a successful naval crossing of the Strait of Messina, but several assaults on the city failed.

After five weeks of siege, the Messinese defenders were reinforced by an Aragonese relief force. Facing mounting casualties and supply issues, the Angevin army lifted the siege and made a costly withdraw back across the strait to Calabria. The victorious Aragonese–Sicilian forces followed up the siege with a series of military actions to harass the retreating Angevins, and the failure to take Messina was an early defeat for the Angevin Kingdom in the Vesperan war.

Strait of Messina
The Strait of Messina is a narrow strait between the eastern tip of Sicily (Punta del Faro) and the western tip of Calabria (Punta Pezzo) in Southern Italy. It connects the Tyrrhenian Sea to the north with the Ionian Sea to the south, within the central Mediterranean. At its narrowest point, between Torre Faro and Villa San Giovanni, it is 3.1 km (1.9 mi) wide. At the city of Messina, it is 5.1 km (3.2 mi) wide. The strait's maximum depth is about 250 m (820 ft).

The strait has strong tidal currents that create a unique marine ecosystem. The rock in the town of Scilla, Calabria at the north of the strait and a natural whirlpool in the northern portion of the strait have been linked to the Greek legend of Scylla and Charybdis. In some circumstances, the mirage of Fata Morgana can be observed when looking at Sicily from Calabria. With its bottleneck shape, it is also a compulsory point of transit in the migration of many bird species.
Alex Jackson (footballer, born 1905)
Alexander Skinner Jackson (12 May 1905 – 15 November 1946) was a Scottish footballer who played for clubs including Dumbarton, Bethlehem Steel, Aberdeen, Huddersfield Town, Chelsea and Nice; he won the English Football League title with Huddersfield in 1925–26. Jackson received 17 international caps for Scotland over a five-year period, and was a member of the 1928 team that became known as the 'Wembley Wizards' after defeating England 5–1 in London, scoring three of those goals.

Dumbarton F.C.
Dumbarton Football Club is a semi-professional football club in Dumbarton, Scotland. Founded on 23 December 1872, they are one of the oldest football clubs in Scotland.

The club plays home games at the Dumbarton Football Stadium next to Dumbarton Castle. They currently play in Scottish League Two.
Brad Pfaff
Bradley M. Pfaff (born December 7, 1967) is an American agriculture policy administrator and Democratic politician from La Crosse County, Wisconsin.  He is a member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing Wisconsin's 32nd Senate district since 2021.  He was an unsuccessful candidate for United States House of Representatives in 2022.

He previously served as secretary-designee of the Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade and Consumer Protection in 2019, during the first term of Governor Tony Evers, but his appointment was rejected by the Republican state Senate ten months into his term. Pfaff subsequently worked as director of business and rural development for the Wisconsin Department of Administration.

Earlier in his career, Pfaff served as a federal appointee in the Obama administration, working as the Wisconsin state executive director of the Farm Service Agency and deputy administrator for farm programs at the United States Department of Agriculture.

Farm Service Agency
The Farm Service Agency (FSA) is the United States Department of Agriculture agency that was formed by merging the farm loan portfolio and staff of the Farmers Home Administration (FmHA) and the Agricultural Stabilization and Conservation Service (ASCS). The Farm Service Agency implements agricultural policy, administers credit and loan programs, and manages conservation, commodity, disaster, and farm marketing programs through a national network of offices. The administrator of the FSA reports to the under secretary of agriculture for farm production and conservation. The FSA of each state is led by a politically appointed state executive director (SED).
Vladimir Strzhizhevsky
Captain Vladimir Ivanovich Strzhizhevsky (26 December 1894 – 22 August 1940) was a World War I flying ace. He volunteered for military service on 14 October 1914, after graduation from Petrograd Technical Institute. Incomplete and confusing records credit him with eight confirmed and four unconfirmed aerial victories during his 1916-1917 combat on the Romanian Front. His second wound ended his tally of aerial victories. The advent of the October Revolution saw him co-opted into the Red Air Force for the end of the war. On 4 November 1918, he defected to the White Russian Army, and served with them for two years. When they were expelled from Russia, Strzhizhevsky accompanied them. He became a Yugoslav citizen and joined their air force.

Volunteer Army
The Volunteer Army (Russian: Добровольческая армия, romanized: Dobrovolcheskaya armiya; pre-1918 Russian: Добровольческая армія), abbreviated to Добрармия, Dobrarmiya (pre-1918 Russian: Добрармія), also known as the Southern White Army was a White Army active in South Russia during the Russian Civil War from 1917 to 1920. The Volunteer Army fought against Bolsheviks and the Makhnovists on the Southern Front and the Ukrainian War of Independence. On 8 January 1919, it was made part of the Armed Forces of South Russia, becoming the largest force of the White movement until it was merged with the Army of Wrangel in March 1920.