hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Postage stamps and postal history of Liechtenstein
This is a survey of the postage stamps and postal history of Liechtenstein.

The Principality of Liechtenstein is a doubly landlocked Alpine microstate in Western Europe, bordered by Switzerland to the west and south and by Austria to the east. Its area is just over 160 square kilometres (62 sq mi), and it has an estimated population of 37,000. Its capital is Vaduz and the biggest town is Schaan.

The postal history of the principality pre-dates introduction of the first postage stamps in 1850. The principality was obliged to use Austrian stamps until 1912 when the first Liechtenstein issues were produced, although these were still issued under Austrian direction. Following the collapse of Habsburg Austria in 1918, Liechtenstein secured postal independence and began issuing its own stamps from July 1920.

Vaduz
Vaduz (German pronunciation: [faˈduts] ⓘ, High Alemannic pronunciation: [faˈdot͡s]) is the capital of Liechtenstein and also the seat of the national parliament. The village, which is located along the Rhine, has 5,696 residents. The most prominent landmark of Vaduz is Vaduz Castle, perched atop a steep hill overlooking the village. It is home to the reigning prince of Liechtenstein and the Liechtenstein princely family. The village's distinctive architecture is also displayed in landmarks such as the Cathedral of St. Florin, Government House, Village Hall, the National Art Gallery, as well as the National Museum. Although Vaduz is the best-known village in the principality internationally, it is not the largest; neighbouring Schaan has a larger population.
Yoga Express
The 19031 / 19032 Yoga Express is an express train belonging to Indian Railways that runs between Sabarmati Junction and Rishikesh  in India. It is a daily service. It operates as train number 19031 from Sabarmati Junction to Rishikesh and as train number 19032 in the reverse direction.

Sabarmati Junction railway station
Sabarmati Junction railway station is a junction station of the Indian Western Railway in Ahmedabad, Gujarat. The station is six kilometres (3.7 mi) from the main Ahmedabad Junction railway station on the Ahmedabad–Delhi main line, at Dharamnagar near the Sabarmati Ashram. Sabarmati Junction has 2 tracks, the Mehsana line, and the Botad line, in addition to the main broad-gauge line for trains departing from Ahmedabad. The station has a dedicated rail yard for passenger trains, and was proposed in 2010 for development as an additional terminal for Delhi-bound trains.
Bridges TV
Bridges TV was a Muslim television network in the United States. It was originally headquartered in Buffalo, New York. Premiering nationally in November 15, 2004, it was the first American Muslim television network to broadcast in the English language. The channel ceased operations March 15, 2012.

Designed to counter negative stereotypes of Muslims, the network received attention from publications and media venues such as Variety, NBC News, the Voice of America, Columbus Dispatch, Detroit Free Press, San Jose Mercury News, Rochester Democrat & Chronicle, The Buffalo News and Canadian Press.

In July 2011, Bridges TV moved to New York City in hopes of broadening its influence across America with help from Soundview Broadcasting. The move crippled the company and was only meant for Soundview to absorb Bridges TV's customers and its small influence in the Muslim American Market. The channel suffered a setback when its founder beheaded his estranged wife.

Stereotype
In social psychology, a stereotype is a generalized belief about a particular category of people. It is an expectation that people might have about every person of a particular group. The type of expectation can vary; it can be, for example, an expectation about the group's personality, preferences, appearance or ability. Stereotypes make information processing easier by allowing the perceiver to rely on previously stored knowledge in place of incoming information. Stereotypes are often faulty, inaccurate, and resistant to new information. Although stereotypes generally have negative implications, they are not necessarily so; they may be positive, neutral, or negative. They can be broken down into two categories: explicit stereotypes, which are conscious, and implicit stereotypes, which are subconscious.
Kīlauea Plantation
The Kīlauea Plantation or Kīlauea Sugar Plantation was a large sugarcane plantation on the north side of Kauaʻi island, Hawaii, including the community of Kīlauea, Hawaii.  It was owned and operated by the 1880-incorporated Kīlauea Sugar Company, which became the Kīlauea Sugar Plantation, Co. from 1899 on.
The original property was bought by an American, Charles Titcomb, from Kamehameha IV by 1863 who used it for cattle ranching.  It was sold to Englishmen John Ross and E.P. Adams, who also leased additional land from Titcomb.  Ross and Adams planted sugarcane, then incorporated a firm.  It was operated as a plantation from 1880 to 1971.

Kīlauea, Hawaii
Kīlauea is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) in Kauaʻi County, Hawaii, United States. As of the 2020 census it had a population of 3,014.

Kīlauea shares the name of the active volcano Kīlauea on the island of Hawaii. The name translates to "spewing" or "much spreading" in the Hawaiian language.
Ramakant Goswami
Ramakant Goswami (born 29 October 1944) was a member of the Legislative Assembly of Delhi from Rajendra Nagar constituency. He was the Minister of Industry, Labour, Election, Law & Justice and Parliament Affairs, Transport and Law Govt. of NCT, Delhi. He was also a member of the Business Advisory Committee of Delhi Government since 2002.

Delhi Legislative Assembly
The Legislative Assembly of the National Capital Territory of Delhi is the unicameral legislature of the union territory of Delhi in India. Delhi Legislative Assembly is the legislative arm of the Government of Delhi. At present, it consists of 70 members, directly elected from 70 constituencies. The tenure of the Legislative Assembly is five years unless dissolved sooner.

The seat of assembly is the Old Secretariat building, which is also the seat of the Government of Delhi.
Dallas Hall
Dallas Hall is a historic building on the campus of Southern Methodist University (SMU) in University Park, Texas. Influenced by the Roman Pantheon and architecture by Thomas Jefferson, it was constructed by the architectural firm of Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge in 1915. The first building on campus, it housed most of the university's operations. The campus has since been expanded around Dallas Hall, but it remains the center of SMU. It was named to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.

Shepley Bulfinch
Shepley Bulfinch (Shepley Bulfinch Richardson & Abbott Inc.) is an international architecture, planning, and interior design firm with offices in Boston, Hartford, Houston, and Phoenix. It is one of the oldest architecture firms in continuous practice in the United States, and was recognized by the American Institute of Architects with its highest honor, the AIA Architecture Firm Award, in 1973.

Shepley Bulfinch was formed in Boston in 1874 as the architectural practice of American architect Henry Hobson Richardson. Following Richardson's death in 1886, the firm existed as Shepley, Rutan and Coolidge through 1915, then became Coolidge and Shattuck from 1915 through 1924, Coolidge Shepley Bulfinch and Abbott from 1924 through 1952, and Shepley Bulfinch Richardson and Abbott from 1952.
Charles-Édouard Lefebvre
Charles-Édouard Lefebvre (19 June 1843 – 8 September 1917) was a French composer.

Lefebvre was born in Paris, the son of painter Charles Lefebvre, and studied with Charles Gounod and Ambroise Thomas at the Paris Conservatoire. In 1870, he was awarded the Prix de Rome together with Henri Maréchal (1842–1924) for the cantata Le Jugement de Dieu. He was awarded the Prix Chartier for his compositions twice, in 1884 and 1891. In 1895 he succeeded Benjamin Godard as director of the Paris Conservatoire's chamber music class.  According to Elaine Brody's entry on him in The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (1980), "In his own words, he worked in pastels rather than oils." He died in Aix-les-Bains, Savoie, aged 74. He is buried in Pere Lachaise cemetery (division 18), in Paris.

Benjamin Godard
Benjamin Louis Paul Godard (18 August 1849 – 10 January 1895) was a French violinist and Romantic-era composer of Jewish extraction, best known for his opera Jocelyn. Godard composed eight operas, five symphonies, two piano and two violin concertos, string quartets, sonatas for violin and piano, piano pieces and etudes, and more than a hundred songs. He died at the age of 45 in Cannes (Alpes-Maritimes) of tuberculosis and was buried in the family tomb in Taverny in the French department of Val-d'Oise.
Santorín (horse)
Santorín (4 August 1970-19 December 1993) was a Peruvian Thoroughbred racehorse who was the first to win the Peruvian Quadruple Crown and is known as 'Salvador de la Hípica Peruana'. He went on to win the Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini on 4 November 1973 by 13 lengths, a victory that is stated to have saved Peruvian horse racing. Santorín is regarded as the most important racehorse in Peruvian history and has a monument and race named after him at the Hipódromo de Monterrico. Santorín died on 19 December 1993, and he was buried at his owner's Haras Barlovento, where there now stands a museum dedicated to him.

The Clásico Santorín is a Group 3 race named after Santorín, run over 2800 meters on turf for horses three years old or older at Hipódromo de Monterrico.

A life size bronze statue of Santorín stands at Hipódromo de Monterrico, made in 1981 by Miguel Baca Rossi. In September, 2017, the statue moved to the paddock.

Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini
The Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini is the most prestigious horse race in Argentina. It is run in December at the Hipódromo de San Isidro, near Buenos Aires. The race was tied for the 93rd highest rated Group/Grade 1 Race for three-year-olds and upwards in the 2020 Longines World Rankings, with a rating of 115.75.

The Gran Premio Carlos Pellegrini is the fourth race in the Argentinian Quadruple Crown, and is part of the Breeders' Cup Challenge Series, with the winner gaining an automatic berth in the Breeders' Cup Turf.
Second Deshmukh ministry
Vilasrao Deshmukh of the Indian National Congress formed his second Maharashtra government after his party won the 2004 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly elections, in alliance with Nationalist Congress Party. Deshmukh had previously served as the State's Chief Minister from 1999 to 2003.

First Deshmukh ministry
The Indian National Congress politician Vilasrao Deshmukh formed his first government after the 1999 Maharashtra Legislative Assembly election. The government consisted of Deshmukh's Congress party, Nationalist Congress Party, several smaller parties, and independent politicians. Deshmukh was sworn in on 18 October 1999 and continued as Chief Minister until his resignation on 16 January 2003.
Record of Wortenia War
Record of Wortenia War (ウォルテニア戦記, Wortenia Senki) is a Japanese light novel series written by Ryouta Hori and illustrated by bob. It began serialization online in 2009 on the user-generated novel publishing website Shōsetsuka ni Narō. It was acquired by Hobby Japan, who published the first light novel volume in October 2015 under their HJ Novels imprint. A manga adaptation with art by Yukari Yagi has been serialized online via Hobby Japan's Comic Fire website since 2016. Both the light novel and manga have been licensed in North America by J-Novel Club.

Hobby Japan
Hobby Japan Co., Ltd. (株式会社ホビージャパン, Kabushiki gaisha Hobī Japan) is a Japanese publishing company known for publishing and releasing books, magazines, light novels, games, and collectibles. Founded in 1969, the company owns and distributes such publications as the eponymous Hobby Japan EX magazine, as well as Uchusen. The company has also released a number of role-playing and tabletop games, action figures related to anime and manga franchises, as well as diecast cars and related models.
1988 USSR Chess Championship
The 1988 Soviet Chess Championship was the 55th edition of USSR Chess Championship. Held from 25 July 19 August 1988 in Moscow. The title was shared by the world champion Garry Kasparov and former world champion Anatoly Karpov. Semifinals took place at Norilsk and Pavlodar; two First League tournaments (qualifying to the final) were held at Lvov and Sverdlovsk.

Pavlodar
52°18′N 76°57′E﻿ / ﻿52.300°N 76.950°E﻿ / 52.300; 76.950

Pavlodar (/ˌpɑːvləˈdɑːr/; Kazakh: Павлодар [pɑvɫəˈdɑr] (listenⓘ); Russian: Павлодар [pəvɫɐˈdar]) is a city in northeastern Kazakhstan and the capital of Pavlodar Region. It is located 450 kilometres (280 mi) northeast of the national capital Astana and 405 kilometres (252 mi) southeast of the Russian city of Omsk along the Irtysh River. In 2010, the city had a population of 331,710. The population of Pavlodar is composed predominantly of ethnic Kazakhs and Russians, with significant Ukrainian, German, Tatar and North Caucasian minorities. The city is served by Pavlodar Airport.
Discoveries (Cannonball Adderley album)
Discoveries is a compilation album by jazz saxophonist Cannonball Adderley released on the Savoy label featuring alternate takes of tracks from Adderley's recording debut originally released as Kenny Clarke's Bohemia After Dark (1955) and his first album Presenting Cannonball Adderley (1955) performed by a quintet with Nat Adderley, Hank Jones, Paul Chambers, and Kenny Clarke and a septet with Donald Byrd and Jerome Richardson added and Horace Silver replacing Jones.

Cannonball Adderley
Julian Edwin "Cannonball" Adderley (September 15, 1928 – August 8, 1975) was an American jazz alto saxophonist of the hard bop era of the 1950s and 1960s.

Adderley is perhaps best remembered by the general public for the 1966 soul jazz single "Mercy, Mercy, Mercy", which was written for him by his keyboardist Joe Zawinul and became a major crossover hit on the pop and R&B charts. A cover version by the Buckinghams, who added lyrics, also reached No. 5 on the charts. Adderley worked with Miles Davis, first as a member of the Davis sextet, appearing on the seminal records Milestones (1958) and Kind of Blue (1959), and then on his own 1958 album Somethin' Else. He was the elder brother of jazz trumpeter Nat Adderley, who was a longtime member of his band.
Battle of Messkirch
The Battle of Messkirch (5 May 1800) saw a Republican French army led by Jean Victor Marie Moreau attack a Habsburg Austrian army commanded by Paul Kray. At the start of the 1800 campaign in Germany, Moreau's 108,000-strong field army faced Kray's 120,000-man army on opposite sides of the Rhine River. By a series of maneuvers, Moreau crossed the Rhine and concentrated superior forces to defeat Kray at the Battles of Stockach and Engen on 3 May. After Kray retreated a short distance to the north, the two adversaries met again at Meßkirch. After a well-contested fight, Kray withdrew again, conceding victory to the French.

Jean Victor Marie Moreau
Jean Victor Marie Moreau (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ viktɔʁ maʁi mɔʁo], 14 February 1763 – 2 September 1813) was a French general who helped Napoleon Bonaparte rise to power, but later became his chief military and political rival and was banished to the United States. A product of the French Revolution, he is among the foremost French generals in military history. He led the French Revolutionary Army to a series of victories, including the major Battle of Hohenlinden; however, he also suffered defeats against such capable military commanders as Archduke Charles and Alexander Suvorov.
Wettenhall
Wettenhall is a village (at SJ624614) and civil parish in the unitary authority of Cheshire East and the ceremonial county of Cheshire, England. The village lies 3½ miles to the south west of Winsford and 6 miles to the north west of Crewe. The parish also includes the settlements of Chapel Green and Woodside. Nearby villages include Alpraham, Calveley, Cholmondeston, Church Minshull, Little Budworth and Tarporley. According to the 2001 census, the parish had a population of 135, increasing to 192 at the 2011 Census.

Cheshire East
Cheshire East is a unitary authority area with borough status in Cheshire, England. The local authority is Cheshire East Council. Towns within the area include Crewe, Macclesfield, Congleton, Wilmslow, Nantwich, Poynton, Knutsford, Alsager, Bollington, Handforth and Sandbach.
Vvink
Vvink (pronounced as "wink"; stylized as all caps) is a Filipino girl group under FlipMusic Records. The group composed of five members: Angelika, Ayaka, Jean, Mariel, and Odri.

Vvink released their first album, Vvink: The Pre-Debut Album, on May 16, 2025. They officially debuted on July 10, 2025, at Club Hype in Tomas Morato, Quezon City, with single "Tulala" (transl. Stunned). They released their second single "Tatlong Hiling" (transl. Three Wishes). Their third, "Baduy" (transl. Cheesy), will be released on November 14. It is a hyperpop song incorporating budots.

Budots
Budots (/buˈdɔːts/; boo-DOTS) is an electronic dance music (EDM) genre that originated in Davao City, Philippines, and is considered as street style techno. It eventually spread in Bisaya-speaking regions. Based on techno and house music with Visayan pop it is regarded as the first "Filipino-fied" electronic music, characterized by its aggressive percussion, heavy use of sampling, off-beat basslines, high-pitched "tiw ti-ti-tiw" whistle hooks, and organic noises that surround the city. It is created to complement a form of freestyle street dance that bears the same name.
Fat Hope
Fat Hope (Chinese: 超磅名模) is a yet-to-be-released Singaporean comedy-drama film directed by Joyce Lee. It stars Alien Huang, Lin Yu-pin and Liu Lingling. Although it was initially announced that the film will open in Singapore cinemas on 8 February 2024, it was eventually withdrawn at the eleventh hour.

Alien Huang
Alien Huang (28 November 1983 – 16 September 2020), also known as Xiao Gui (Little Ghost), was a Taiwanese singer, actor, television presenter, illustrator and fashion designer.

He was a member of Japanese TV Asahi's disbanded boy band HC3 in 2002 and Taiwanese Rock Records' disbanded boy band Cosmo (丸子) in 2003. He went on to release five solo albums and acted in movies and television dramas. He was known as the host of popular Taiwanese variety entertainment show 100% Entertainment, which he left in early 2016.

Huang was the founder and designer of AES (Alien Evolution Studio), a clothing brand which he established in 2008. He also published three illustration books.
Rameshwar Chaurasiya
Rameshwar Chaurasiya is an Indian politician, and member of the Lok Janshakti Party. Chaurasiya was also a member of the Bihar Legislative Assembly, from the Nokha constituency in Rohtas district, as a member of Bharatiya Janata Party.

In October 2020, Chaurasiya joined Lok Janshakti Party and was given a ticket from Sasaram constituency in 2020 Bihar Legislative Assembly election.
 In 2022, he rejoins Bharatiya Janata Party.

Lok Janshakti Party
The Lok Janshakti Party (LJP, lit. 'People's Manpower Party') was a state political party mainly based in the state of Bihar, India. The party was formed in 2000 when Ram Vilas Paswan split from Janata Dal. The party had a considerable following amongst Dalits in Bihar. The party has split into two parties: Rashtriya Lok Janshakti Party and Lok Janshakti Party (Ram Vilas).
Kassius Robertson
Kassius Robertson (born April 20, 1994) is a Canadian professional basketball player for Dreamland Gran Canaria of the Liga ACB and Basketball Champions League (BCL). He played college basketball for the Canisius Golden Griffins and Missouri Tigers.

CB Gran Canaria
Club Baloncesto Gran Canaria – Claret, S.A.D.,  known as Dreamland Gran Canaria due to sponsorship, is a professional basketball club based in Las Palmas, Spain. The team plays in the Spanish Liga ACB and the Champions League. Their home venue is the Gran Canaria Arena.
Robert Plumer Ward
Robert Plumer Ward (born Robert Ward; 19 March 1765 – 13 August 1846) was an English barrister, politician, and novelist. George Canning said that his law books were as pleasant as novels, and his novels as dull as law books.

George Anson (British Army officer, born 1769)
General Sir George Anson, GCB (born Adams; 1769 – 4 November 1849), was a British officer and politician from the Anson family. He commanded a British cavalry brigade under the Duke of Wellington during the Peninsular War and sat for many years as a Whig Member of Parliament.
Apt Cathedral
Apt Cathedral (Cathédrale Sainte-Anne d'Apt) is a Roman Catholic church and former cathedral located in the town of Apt in Provence, France now designated as a national monument.

The shrine is the relic church of Saint Anne. Formerly a cathedral, it was the seat of the Bishop of Apt until the French Revolution. Under the Concordat of 1801, the diocese was divided between the Dioceses of Avignon and Digne.

Pope Pius IX granted a Pontifical decree of coronation towards its venerated Marian image through the former Archbishop of Avignon, Monsigneur Louis Anne Dubreil on 9 September 1877. The white marble image depicting a child Blessed Virgin Mary is notable for having been a late creation of the renowned religious sculptor, Giovanni Maria Benzoni.

Saint Anne
According to Christian tradition, Saint Anne (also known as Ann or Anna) was the mother of Mary, the wife of Joachim and the maternal grandmother of Jesus. Mary's mother is not named in the Bible's canonical gospels. In writing, Ann's name and that of her husband Joachim come from New Testament apocrypha, of which the Gospel of James (written perhaps around 150 AD) seems to be the earliest that mentions them. The mother of Mary is mentioned but not named in the Quran.
Joan Wall (field hockey)
Joan Florence Wall (née Barnett) (10 October 1933 – 5 February 2023) was an English field hockey player, school teacher and sports administrator. She played for the England women's national team on 14 occasions between 1959 and 1960 and was part of the team that won the 1959 Women's IFWHA World Conference in Amsterdam. Wall was an athletics coach in Nottinghamshire and was an athletics county champion in the 100 yards, 220 yards, 440 yards and long jump events. She was a sports administrator, serving as president of the Midlands Women Amateur Athletics Association and Nottinghamshire WAAA and the Midlands WAAA and secretary of the joint men's and women's Nottinghamshire County Hockey Association.

England women's national field hockey team
The England women's national field hockey team are the current Commonwealth Games champions having previously won silver 3 times. England have also won the 2006 Women's Field Hockey World Cup Qualifier and the 2002 Champions Challenge.
Joe Kennedy (bishop)
Joseph Kennedy (born 1969) is a Scottish Anglican bishop and academic. Since 2024, he has been Bishop of Burnley, a suffragan bishop in the Diocese of Blackburn. Having served in parish ministry in the Church of England and as a chaplain to two Cambridge University colleges, he was Principal of the College of the Resurrection from 2008 to 2011. He then served as vicar of St Saviour's Church, Oxton in the Diocese of Chester until his elevation to the episcopate.

College of the Resurrection
The College of the Resurrection, popularly known as Mirfield, is an Anglo-Catholic theological college of the Church of England in Mirfield, West Yorkshire, England.

The college was founded in 1902 and describes itself as "A Theological College like no other". The college has close links to the Community of the Resurrection. It trains men and women in the Anglo-Catholic tradition for the priesthood.