hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Listven
The Battle of Listven (1024) was part of the aftermath of the Kievan succession crisis of 1015–1019 following the death of Vladimir the Great (Volodymyr) in 1015. It was fought between his sons Mstislav of Chernigov and Kievan forces supporting Yaroslav the Wise; Mstislav defeated Yaroslav. The battle is mainly known from the account written under the year 6532 (1024) in the Primary Chronicle, completed about 90 years later. According to that legendary narrative, the battle took place at night during a thunderstorm.

Bolesław I's intervention in the Kievan succession crisis
The 1018 intervention in the Kievan succession crisis by the Polish ruler Bolesław I the Brave was an episode in the Kievan succession crisis of 1015–1019, the struggle between Sviatopolk and his brother Yaroslav for the grand princely title of Kiev. It occurred when Sviatopolk's father-in-law Bolesław, ruler of Poland, intervened on Sviatopolk's behalf.

The intervention was initially successful as Bolesław defeated Yaroslav's armies, and temporarily secured the throne for Sviatopolk. But when Bolesław withdrew himself and his army from Kiev, Sviatopolk was unable to retain his position, being defeated by Yaroslav in the following year. Chronicles of the expedition include legendary accounts as well as factual history and have been subject to varied interpretations.
Alex Horvath (curler)
Alexander Justin Bruce Horvath (born February 26, 1998) is a Canadian curler from Victoria, British Columbia. He is a former Canadian and World Junior champion. He currently plays second on Team Cameron de Jong.

Second (curling)
In curling, the second is the person who delivers the second pair of stones after the lead. On most teams, where the second does not act as skip or vice, the second will sweep for each of their teammates. Due to the free-guard-zone rule, which prevents guards from being removed from play by the leads, the second is usually a curler with a high degree of proficiency throwing takeouts, peels, and other power shots. Following the adoption of the five-rock rule in 2018, the role of the second has become more of a finesse role, as seconds often have to throw guards and other finesse shots.
Indra Bhavanam
Indra Bhavanam is a 1991 Indian Telugu drama film written, edited and directed by Krishna who also enacted the lead character alongside Krishnam Raju, Meena, Jyothi and Kota Srinivasa Rao. Bappi Lahiri scored and composed the film's soundtrack album.
The film is a remake of the 1990 Bollywood film Swarg which was loosely based on the 1967 film, Mehrban which was a remake of the 1960 Tamizh film Padikkadha Medhai which itself was a remake of the 1953 Bengali film Jog Biyog, the film adaptation of a novel named Jog Biyog by Ashapoorna Devi.

Krishna plays the role of a loyal and faithful servant who is treated as a younger brother by his master, enacted by Krishnam Raju. However, a set of unfortunate incidents triggered by some conniving relatives and a business rival forces Krishna to be thrown out and in due course, a downward spiral in the life and career of his master. How the servant proves his innocence and set things right forms the crux of the story.

Mehrban
Mehrban (transl. The Merciful) is a 1967 Indian Hindi-language drama film written and directed by A. Bhimsingh, and produced by A. V. Meiyappan. It is a remake of the 1953 Bengali film Jog Biyog, based on the novel of the same name by Ashapurna Devi. The film stars Ashok Kumar, Sunil Dutt, Nutan, Mehmood, Shashikala and Sulochana Latkar. It was released on 21 April 1967.
David Arthur Saunders Davies
David Arthur Saunders Davies (9 June 1792 – 22 May 1857) was a British Conservative politician, and barrister.

Saunders Davies was the son of David Davies, a physician, who married Susanna, daughter and heiress of Erasmus Saunders of Pentre. He was educated at Harrow and Oxford.  He married Elizabeth Maria, daughter of Colonel Owen Philipps, in 1829. He was admitted to Christ Church, Oxford in 1810, aged 18, and graduated with a Bachelor of Arts in 1814 and a Master of Arts in 1817,  before being admitted into Lincoln's Inn in 1818.

Davies was elected MP for Carmarthenshire at a by-election in 1842—caused by the death of John Jones of Ystrad—and held the seat until his death in 1857.

Also a chairman of the Cardiganshire quarter sessions and a Justice of the Peace, Davies died at the United University gentlemen's club in London.

John Jones of Ystrad
John Jones "of Ystrad" (1777–1842), was a Welsh politician, MP for Carmarthen from 1821 to 1832.

He was born on 15 September 1777 in King Street, Carmarthen, the son of Thomas Jones, a solicitor of Job's Wells and Capel Dewi, Carmarthen and of Anna Maria, daughter of John Jones of Crynfryn, Cardiganshire. Jones was educated at Eton College and Christ Church, Oxford, he went on to Lincoln's Inn to qualify as a barrister.  His work on the South Wales circuit took him back to his home area.
WNBS
WNBS (1340 AM) is a radio station broadcasting a Classic Hits format. Licensed to and serving Murray, Kentucky, United States, the station is currently owned by Forever Communications, Inc. and features programming from CBS News Radio, Fox Sports Radio, and Westwood One.

WBZB
WBZB (1130 AM) is a daytime only radio station broadcasting a top 40 (CHR) format, licensed to Murray, Kentucky. The station is currently owned by Forever Communications, Inc. and features programming from ESPN Radio.
George Iles
George Iles (28 March 1894 – 27 March 1933) was a winger and centre who played for the New Zealand rugby league team. He debuted for them in 1919 and became Kiwi number 125. He played his club rugby league for the Grafton Athletic and Newton Rangers teams in the Auckland Rugby League competition. He later moved to Tauranga and played for Tauranga and Bay of Plenty at rugby union including against the touring Springbok team in 1921. In 1922 he made an effort to establish Rugby League in the Tauranga area which failed however he did play matches for Tauranga and a Bay of Plenty league team who played against Auckland and the touring New South Wales team.

Bay of Plenty (National Provincial Championship)
Bay of Plenty (often known as the Bay of Plenty Steamers) are a New Zealand professional rugby union team based in Mount Maunganui, New Zealand.  The union was originally established in 1911, with the National Provincial Championship established in 1976. They now play in the reformed National Provincial Championship competition. They play their home games at Rotorua International Stadium in Rotorua or Tauranga Domain, Tauranga, both in the Bay of Plenty Region. The team is affiliated with the Chiefs Super Rugby franchise. Their home playing colours are blue and yellow.
Non Expedit
Non expedit (/nɔn ˈɛkspedit/; Latin for "it is not appropriate") was a provision of the Holy See declaring it inappropriate for Italian Catholics to participate in political elections in the Kingdom of Italy and, by extension, in Italian national political life.

The expression, which drew on Catholic opposition to the unification of Italy and capture of the Papal States, was first used by the Extraordinary Congregation in Charge of Ecclesiastical Affairs of the Catholic World during the papacy of Pope Pius IX on January 30, 1868. It was effectively revoked by Pope Benedict XV in 1919 to allow Catholics to join the Italian People's Party founded by Don Luigi Sturzo.

The declaration did not apply to local or administrative elections.

Section for Relations with States
The Section for Relations with States or Second Section of the Secretariat of State is the body within the Roman Curia charged with dealing with matters that involve relations with civil governments. It has been part of the Vatican Secretariat of State since 1909.

It is analogous to the foreign ministry of a state.
The Sweetness of Water
The Sweetness of Water is the debut novel by American novelist Nathan Harris. It was published by Little, Brown and Company on June 15, 2021. It won the Ernest J. Gaines Award for Literary Excellence and was longlisted for the 2021 Booker Prize.

Ernest J. Gaines Award for Literary Excellence
The Ernest J. Gaines Award for Literary Excellence is an annual national literary award designed to recognize rising African American fiction writers. First awarded in 2007, the prize is underwritten by donors of the Baton Rouge Area Foundation in honor of the literary heritage provided by author Ernest J. Gaines, with the winner receiving a cash award (US$15,000 as of 2020) "to support and enable the writer to focus on writing." It has been described as "the nation's biggest prize for African-American writers".
Walter Khumalo
Usimanga Walter Khumalo (born 2 September 1972) is a South African football coach and former player who played as a goalkeeper.

He played for Vaal Professionals, Free State Stars, Mother City, Bloemfontein Celtic, AmaZulu, Black Leopards, Jomo Cosmos and Mpumalanga Black Aces.

Jomo Cosmos F.C.
Jomo Cosmos is a South African soccer club based in Johannesburg that plays in the ABC Motsepe League. The club is owned and coached by South African football legend Jomo Sono.

At the end of the 2021–22 National First Division season, the club was relegated to the third tier of football in South Africa for the first time.
Green Gable
Green Gable is a fell in the English Lake District often traversed by walkers en route to its more famous neighbour Great Gable. It can be ascended from Honister Pass, Seathwaite in Borrowdale, or Ennerdale. There are good views of Gable Crag, Scafell Pike and the Buttermere valley from the summit.

Buttermere
Buttermere is a lake in the Lake District in North West England. It has a length of approximately 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) and a maximum width of 0.54 kilometres (0.34 mi), an area of 0.9 square kilometres (0.35 sq mi), a maximum depth of 28.6 metres (94 ft), and a surface elevation of 100.3 metres (329 ft) above sea level. Its primary outflow is Buttermere Dubs, a short stream which connects the lake to Crummock Water. From Crummock Water the River Cocker flows to Cockermouth, where it joins the River Derwent and finally enters the Irish Sea at Workington. The lake is in the unitary authority of Cumberland, and the ceremonial county of Cumbria.
Spiral Scratch (novel)
Spiral Scratch is a BBC Books original novel written by Gary Russell and based on the long-running British science fiction television series Doctor Who. It features the Sixth Doctor and Mel. The debut adventure of the Seventh Doctor, Time and the Rani, begins with the Doctor regenerating with little explanation given; Russell's novel attempts to provide a "final story" for the Sixth Doctor and effectively serves as a prequel to Time and the Rani.

Time and the Rani
Time and the Rani is the first serial of the 24th season of the British science fiction television series Doctor Who, which was first broadcast in four weekly parts from 7 to 28 September 1987. It was the first to feature Sylvester McCoy as the Seventh Doctor.

In the serial, the renegade Time Lady the Rani (Kate O'Mara) brings the greatest geniuses from time and space to her laboratory on the planet Lakertya so she can use their minds to power her time manipulator.
Chupacabra (The Walking Dead)
"Chupacabra" is the fifth episode of the second season of the post-apocalyptic horror television series The Walking Dead. It originally aired on AMC in the United States on November 13, 2011. In the episode, Daryl Dixon (Norman Reedus), delusional from being wounded in a search mission, desperately tries to return to the Greene farm. Meanwhile, Glenn (Steven Yeun) unravels a secret that could endanger the survivors.

Norman Reedus
Norman Mark Reedus (born January 6, 1969) is an American actor. Starting his career as a model, he first rose to prominence as an actor for his role as Murphy MacManus in The Boondock Saints (1999), which he reprised in The Boondock Saints II: All Saints Day (2009). Aside from an occasional supporting role in larger budget films such as Blade II (2002) and American Gangster (2007), Reedus mostly starred in independent film productions until being cast as Daryl Dixon in the AMC horror drama series The Walking Dead (2010–2022). Regarded as one of the series' most popular characters, he currently stars as Dixon in the spin-off series The Walking Dead: Daryl Dixon (2023–present).

Reedus is also the host of the AMC travel show Ride with Norman Reedus (2016–present) and starred as protagonist Sam Porter Bridges in the video games Death Stranding (2019) and Death Stranding 2: On the Beach (2025).
One Stolen Night (1929 film)
One Stolen Night is a 1929 American sound part-talkie adventure crime film directed by Scott R. Dunlap, and starring Betty Bronson, William Collier Jr., Mitchell Lewis, Harry Todd, and Charles Hill Mailes. In addition to sequences with audible dialogue or talking sequences, the film features a synchronized musical score and sound effects along with English intertitles. According to the film review in Variety, 50 percent of the total running time featured dialogue. The soundtrack was recorded using the Vitaphone sound-on-disc system. The film is based on the short story The Arab  by D. D. Calhoun. It is a remake of the 1923 film with the same name. The film was released by Warner Bros. Pictures on March 16, 1929.

Mitchell Lewis (actor)
Mitchell Lewis (June 26, 1880 – August 24, 1956) was an American film actor whose career as a Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer contract player encompassed both silent and sound films.

Born in 1880, Lewis appeared in more than 175 films between 1914 and 1956, although many of the roles in his later films were uncredited. He played supporting roles, such as Sheihk Ilderim in 1925's Ben Hur in the silent era and Ernest Defarge in A Tale of Two Cities (1935) in the sound era, but his career would diminish to small uncredited roles like the Captain of the Winkie Guards in The Wizard of Oz (1939). His last film was The Fastest Gun Alive, starring Glenn Ford and Broderick Crawford, which was released shortly before Lewis' death in 1956. Mitchell also served as one of the original board members of the Motion Picture Relief Fund, now known as the Motion Picture & Television Fund.
Tadodaho
Tadodaho was a Native American Hoyenah (sachem) of the Onondaga nation before the Deganawidah and Hiawatha formed the Iroquois League, or "Haudenosaunee". According to oral tradition, he had extraordinary characteristics and was widely feared, but he was persuaded to support the confederacy of the Five Nations.

His name has since been used as the term, Tadodaho, to refer to the chief chosen to preside over the Grand Council of the Iroquois League. By tradition, as the Onondaga are the "keepers of the council fire", the chief is chosen from that nation. The position is the most influential Iroquois chief in New York State, where the Six Nations confederacy historically had the most influence. This meaning of the term has been used for centuries.

Great Peacemaker
The Great Peacemaker (Mohawk: Skén:nen rahá:wi [ˈskʌ̃ː.nʌ̃ ɾa.ˈhaː.wi]), sometimes referred to as Deganawida or Tekanawí:ta [de.ga.na.ˈwiː.da] in Mohawk (as a mark of respect, some Iroquois avoid using his personal name except in special circumstances) was by tradition, along with Jigonhsasee and Hiawatha, the founder of the Haudenosaunee, commonly called the Iroquois Confederacy. This is a political and cultural union of six Iroquoian-speaking Native American tribes governing parts of the present-day state of New York, northern Pennsylvania, and the eastern portion of the provinces of Ontario, and Quebec Canada, recognized as sovereign by both the US and Canada.
Magnesium in biology
Magnesium is an essential element in biological systems. Magnesium occurs typically as the Mg2+ ion. It is an essential mineral nutrient (i.e., element) for life and is present in every cell type in every organism. For example, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the main source of energy in cells, must bind to a magnesium ion in order to be biologically active. What is called ATP is often actually Mg-ATP. As such, magnesium plays a role in the stability of all polyphosphate compounds in the cells, including those associated with the synthesis of DNA and RNA.

Over 300 enzymes require the presence of magnesium ions for their catalytic action, including all enzymes utilizing or synthesizing ATP, or those that use other nucleotides to synthesize DNA and RNA.

In plants, magnesium is necessary for synthesis of chlorophyll and photosynthesis.

Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is any of several related green pigments found in cyanobacteria and in the chloroplasts of algae and plants. Its name is derived from the Greek words χλωρός (khloros, "pale green") and φύλλον (phyllon, "leaf"). Chlorophyll allows plants to absorb energy from light. Those pigments are involved in oxygenic photosynthesis, as opposed to bacteriochlorophylls, related molecules found only in bacteria and involved in anoxygenic photosynthesis.

Chlorophylls absorb light most strongly in the blue portion of the electromagnetic spectrum as well as the red portion. Conversely, it is a poor absorber of green and near-green portions of the spectrum. Hence chlorophyll-containing tissues appear green because green light, diffusively reflected by structures like cell walls, is less absorbed. Two types of chlorophyll exist in the photosystems of green plants: chlorophyll a and b.
Cornelliana
Cornelliana is anything related to Cornell University, an Ivy League university founded in 1865 in Ithaca, New York State. The university has a considerable number of traditions, legends, and lore unique to the university that have developed over its existence, which spans over 150 years.

Far Above Cayuga's Waters
"Far Above Cayuga's Waters" is Cornell University's alma mater.  The lyrics were written circa 1870 by roommates Archibald Croswell Weeks (Class of 1872), and Wilmot Moses Smith (Class of 1874), and set to the tune of "Annie Lisle", a popular 1857 ballad by H. S. Thompson about a heroine dying of tuberculosis.
Karunyam
Karunyam is a 1997 Indian Malayalam-language family drama film written and directed by A. K. Lohithadas, starring Jayaram, Murali and Divya Unni in the leading roles. The film discusses the mishaps faced by an unemployed man in his family. It is considered one of the best scripts written by Lohithadas. The major portions of the film was shot in Lakkidi, Palakkad. The performances from the lead cast were appreciated, especially that of Murali, who plays the complex character of a loving but stressed father, who sacrifices everything for his family. It is considered to be one of the finest performances from Murali.

Divyaa Unni
Divyaa Unni is an Indian former actress and classical dancer of Indian origin who teaches various forms of dance such as Bharathanatyam, Kuchipudi and Mohiniyattom. As an actress, she mainly appeared in Malayalam language films, in addition to few Tamil, Telugu and Kannada language films too.
Espenberg volcanic field
Espenberg is a volcanic field in Alaska that contains the largest maars on Earth. It was active during the Pleistocene until 17,500 years BP, when a large eruption formed the 8 by 6 kilometres (5.0 mi × 3.7 mi) wide Devil Mountain Maar and deposited tephra over 2,500 square kilometres (970 sq mi), burying vegetation and forming the largest maar on Earth. Other maars in the field are the North and South Killeak Maars and Whitefish Maar, and Devil Mountain is a shield volcano.

The large size of these maars has been attributed to the interaction between permafrost and ascending magma, which favoured intense explosive eruptions. Soils buried underneath the Devil Mountain Maar tephra have been used to reconstruct the regional climate during the Last Glacial Maximum. The maars are part of the Bering Land Bridge National Preserve.

Maar
A maar is a broad, low-relief volcanic crater caused by a phreatomagmatic eruption (an explosion which occurs when groundwater comes into contact with hot lava or magma). A maar characteristically fills with water to form a relatively shallow crater lake, which may also be called a maar.

Maars generally range in size from 20 to 3,000 m (66 to 9,800 ft) across and from 5 to 200 m (20 to 700 ft) deep. Most maars fill with water to form natural lakes. Most maars have low rims composed of a mixture of loose fragments of volcanic rocks and rocks torn from the walls of the diatreme.
Rodrick Tai
Rodrick Tai is a Papua New Guinean professional rugby league footballer who plays as a centre for Central Queensland Capras in the Queensland Cup in the Super League and currently plays for Papua New Guinea at international level.

Queensland Cup
The Queensland Cup, currently known as the Hostplus Cup for sponsorship reasons, is the highest-level regional rugby league football competition in Queensland, Australia. It is run by the Queensland Rugby League (QRL)  and is contested by fifteen teams, thirteen of which are based in Queensland, with one based in New South Wales and one in National Capital District, Papua New Guinea.

The competition is the present-day embodiment of Queensland's top-level club competition. It replaced the Winfield State League in 1996 and accompanied the Brisbane Rugby League, before becoming the premier competition in 1998, following the disbanding of the Brisbane Rugby League.
Naval order of 24 October 1918
The naval order of 24 October 1918 was a plan made by the Seekriegsleitung of the Kaiserliche Marine (Imperial German Navy) to provoke a decisive battle between the German High Seas Fleet and the British Grand Fleet in the southern North Sea in the final weeks of the First World War. The plan was drawn up contrary to the wishes and without the knowledge of the German government. When the order to prepare for the sortie was issued on 29 October, resistance broke out aboard some of the German ships stationed at Wilhelmshaven. Despite the cancellation of the operation, the sailors' revolt led to the more serious Kiel mutiny, which began the German Revolution of 1918-19 and the establishment of the Weimar Republic.

Grand Fleet
The Grand Fleet was the main battlefleet of the Royal Navy during the First World War. It was established in August 1914 and disbanded in April 1919. Its main base was Scapa Flow in the Orkney Islands.
Jacky Chazalon
Jacqueline Chazalon (born 24 March 1945), known as Jacky Chazalon, is a retired French FIBA basketball player. Chazalon played for the France women's national basketball team from 1963 to 1976 and won silver at the EuroBasket Women 1970 Championship. During her time in FIBA, she played in the 1971 FIBA World Championship for Women and the 1976 Pre-Olympic Basketball Tournament for Women. Chazalon was named France's Women Basketball Player of the Century in 2000. She was awarded the Glory of Sport in 2003 and inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2007.

FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament
The FIBA World Olympic Qualifying Tournament, abbreviated as FIBA World OQT, and formerly known as the FIBA Pre-Olympic Basketball Tournament, is the last qualifying tournament for the Olympic Basketball Tournament. The best non-champions from the different FIBA World zones qualify for the tournament and compete for the last remaining berths in the Summer Olympic Games.
Capture of Serampore (1801)
The Capture of Serampore (Danish: Overtagelsen af Serampore), alternatively the Capture of Frederiknagore (Danish: Overtagelsen af Frederiknagore), was a British capture of the Danish colony of Serampore (Frederiknagore) on 8 May 1801 during the English Wars. The British met no resistance, and could subsequently quickly capture the settlement.

Serampore
Serampore (also known as Serampur, Srirampur, Srirampore, Shreerampur, Shreerampore, Shrirampur or Shrirampore) is a city in Hooghly district of the Indian state of West Bengal. It serves as the headquarters of the Srirampore subdivision and is part of the area covered by Kolkata Metropolitan Development Authority (KMDA). Located on the west bank of the Hooghly River, it was a pre-colonial city that was part of Danish India under the name Frederiknagore from 1755 to 1845.