hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fortifications of Sweden
Early fortifications of Sweden were built to defend self-governing provinces, with rapid expansion of forts in the 14th century and again later in the 16th century, when Sweden became independent and needed to protect its borders.

Changes in the position of borders led to fortifications changing owner, to and from Sweden; some became redundant; and a few forts were given major upgrades for improved technology over the centuries.

New Älvsborg
New Älvsborg, so-called to distinguish it from the earlier fortress at Old Älvsborg, is a sea fort on the island of Kyrkogårdsholmen within the urban area of modern Gothenburg, Sweden. Situated near the mouth of the Göta River, it protected what was at the time of its construction Sweden's only access to the North Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. Construction began in 1653, and the fortress remained in service until 1869, though it only saw significant action in one conflict, the Great Northern War.
World Violation Tour
The World Violation Tour was a 1990 concert tour by English electronic group Depeche Mode in support of the act's seventh studio album, Violator. The tour started in May 1990 and ran through the end of that year, and was the first Depeche Mode tour to see the band regularly play stadium-sized venues.

Buoyed by their most successful album (Violator), and on the heels of their Music for the Masses (1987) and 101 (1989) albums, by the end of the tour, Depeche Mode had toured to over one million fans.

101 (album and film)
101 is a live album and documentary film by the English electronic music band Depeche Mode, released on 13 March 1989 by Mute Records. It chronicles the final leg of the band's tour in support of their album Music for the Masses (1987) and the final show on 18 June 1988 at the Rose Bowl in Pasadena, California.

The show was the 101st and final performance of the tour and coincidentally also the number of a famous highway in the area. The film was directed and produced by D. A. Pennebaker.
Netherne-on-the-Hill
Netherne-on-the-Hill is a village in Surrey, England, occupying a plateau once home to Netherne Hospital. The village is across a narrow valley from Hooley in north of the borough of Reigate and Banstead; through the valley runs the Hooley Tunnel cutting and A23, the only road from which the village can be accessed, from two designated side roads; a few metres south of the southern T-junction, the road divides into two grades: the A23 to Redhill, 3 miles (4.8 km) south, and the M23 motorway which has a junction with the M25 motorway within Merstham's boundaries, the former village of the hilltop land.  The post town, Coulsdon in Greater London is centred 1.8 miles (2.9 km) due north.

Coulsdon
Coulsdon (/ˈkuːlzdən/, traditionally pronounced /ˈkoʊlzdən/) is a town in south London, England, within the London Borough of Croydon. Coulsdon was an ancient parish in the county of Surrey that included the settlements of Purley and Kenley. It was merged with Sanderstead in 1915 to form the Coulsdon and Purley Urban District and has formed part of Greater London since 1965.
Paradise Lost (1940 film)
Paradise Lost (French: Paradis perdu) is a 1940 French war drama film directed by Abel Gance and starring Fernand Gravey, Elvire Popesco and Micheline Presle. In pre-First World War Paris, an aspiring artist falls in love with a dressmaker. After she dies in childbirth he volunteers to take part in a dangerous mission during the war. Badly wounded, he nonetheless recovers, and returns home to bring up his only daughter.

Micheline Presle
Micheline Presle (French pronunciation: [miʃlin pʁɛːl]; born Micheline Nicole Julia Émilienne Chassagne; 22 August 1922 – 21 February 2024) was a French actress. She was sometimes billed as Micheline Prelle. Starting her career in 1937, she starred or appeared in over 150 films appearing first in productions in her native France and also in Hollywood during the era of Classical Hollywood Cinema, before returning again to Europe, especially French films from the mid-1960s until 2014.
Louisville Ridge
The Louisville Ridge, often now referred to as the Louisville Seamount Chain, is an underwater chain of over 70 seamounts located in the Southwest portion of the Pacific Ocean. One of the longest seamount chains on Earth, it stretches some 4,300 km (2,700 mi) from the Pacific-Antarctic Ridge northwest to the Tonga-Kermadec Trench, where it subducts under the Indo-Australian Plate as part of the Pacific Plate. The chain's formation is best explained by movement of the Pacific Plate over the Louisville hotspot, although others have suggested that it formed by leakage of magma from the shallow mantle up through the Eltanin fracture zone, which it follows closely for some of its course.

Depth-sounding data first revealed existence consistent with a seamount chain in 1972, although some of the seamounts had been described as a ridge in 1964 linked to the Eltanin fracture zone system, hence the name.

Pacific plate
The Pacific plate is an oceanic tectonic plate that lies beneath the Pacific Ocean. At 103 million km2 (40 million sq mi), it is the largest tectonic plate.

The plate first came into existence as a microplate 190 million years ago, at the triple junction between the Farallon, Phoenix, and Izanagi plates. The Pacific plate subsequently grew to where it underlies most of the Pacific Ocean basin. This reduced the Farallon plate to a few remnants along the west coast of the Americas and the Phoenix plate to a small remnant near the Drake Passage, and destroyed the Izanagi plate by subduction under Asia.

The Pacific plate contains an interior hot spot forming the Hawaiian Islands.
Colton Cowser
Colton Dale Cowser (born March 20, 2000) nicknamed “The Milkman”, is an American professional baseball outfielder for the Baltimore Orioles of Major League Baseball (MLB). He played college baseball for the Sam Houston State Bearkats.

Sam Houston Bearkats baseball
The Sam Houston State Bearkats baseball team is a varsity intercollegiate athletic team of Sam Houston State University in Huntsville, Texas, United States. The team is currently a member of Conference USA, an athletic conference in Division I of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The team plays its home games at Don Sanders Stadium.
Teuthowenia megalops
Teuthowenia megalops, sometimes known as the Atlantic cranch squid, is a species of glass squid from the subarctic and temperate waters of the northern Atlantic Ocean. They are moderately sized squid with a maximum mantle length of 40 cm (16 in). Their very large eyes are the source for the specific name megalops (Greek for "large eyes"). Like other members of the genus Teuthowenia, they are easily recognizable by the presence of three bioluminescent organs (photophores) on their eyeballs.

Subarctic
The subarctic zone is a region in the Northern Hemisphere immediately south of the true Arctic, north of hemiboreal regions and covering much of Alaska, Canada, Iceland, the north of Fennoscandia, Northwestern Russia, Siberia, and the Cairngorms. Generally, subarctic regions fall between 50°N and 70°N latitude, depending on local climates. Precipitation is usually low, and vegetation is characteristic of the taiga.

Daylight at these latitudes is quite extreme between summer and winter due to its high latitude. Near the summer solstice for instance, subarctic regions can experience an all-night period of either civil, nautical, or astronomical twilight (or in the northern reaches full daylight), since the sun never dips more than 18 degrees below the horizon. Noctilucent clouds are best observed within this range of latitude.
Burning of Al Juwahil headquarters
The Burning of the Juwahil Headquarters refers to an incident in 2012, when protests erupted in Adailiya, Kuwait, in response to incendiary remarks made by candidate Muhammad Al-Juwahil against candidate Obaid Al-Wasmi. The protests escalated into violence, leading to the burning of his campaign headquarters by a group largely consisting of members from the Mutayr tribe, who felt insulted by his comments.

On the day of the protest, large groups of Mutayr tribe members gathered outside Al-Juwahil's headquarters in Adailiya. Tensions escalated, and some protesters set fire to the building, destroying it and its contents. The phrase "Shabbat al-Nar" (meaning "the fire has ignited") became a rallying cry for those involved in the attack. Despite efforts by security forces to contain the situation, the fire caused significant damage.

Mutayr
Mutayr (Arabic: مطير, romanized: Muṭayr) is an Arab tribe with origins in the northern Hejaz near Medina, A large Arab tribe in the middle of the Arabian Peninsula, whose homes extend from the Hijaz to Najd and then to Kuwait.
Sandra Aguinaldo
Sandra Aguinaldo (born April 29, 1975) is a Filipina television news anchor journalist, writer and documentarian.  She is best known as one of the news reporters of 24 Oras and one of the hosts of I-Witness.  In 2015, Aguinaldo together with her co-hosts in I-Witness won as the Best Documentary Program Hosts during the 29th PMPC Star Awards for Television.

PMPC Star Awards for Television
Star Awards for Television is an annual award-giving body recognizing the outstanding television programming produced by the several networks in the Philippines.

Described as the Philippine equivalent of the Emmy Awards, it was founded by the Philippine Movie Press Club, an organization of tabloid reporters in 1987.

The PMPC Star Awards for Television is originally held in October (1987–2004, 2006, 2016, 2018–2019 and 2021), November (2007–2014 and 2017) and/or December (2005 and 2015). But due to the awarding event skips the 4th quarter of a previous year, It is held in January (2023), March (2025) and August (2025). They are seen in rotation among the television channels such as ABS-CBN 2 (1988–1989 and 2009–2019), TV5 (2008), RPN 9 (1987, 1990, 2000–2004 and 2006–2007), IBC 13 (1991–1999 and 2005), STV (2021) and A2Z 11 (2025).
Streetwise (1984 film)
Streetwise is a 1984 documentary film by director Martin Bell chronicling the lives of homeless youth on the streets of Seattle. It followed in the wake of a July 1983 Life magazine article "Streets of the Lost" by writer Cheryl McCall and photographer Mary Ellen Mark (Bell's wife).

Youth homelessness
Youth homelessness is the problem of homelessness or housing insecurity amongst young people around the globe, extending beyond the absence of physical housing in most definitions and capturing familial instability, poor housing conditions, or future uncertainty (couch surfing, van living, hotels). Youth Homelessness affects people globally, transcending borders. Policies to alleviate this challenge have been implemented in nations worldwide, yet the challenge of keeping young people off the streets persists. Foundational struggles involving addiction, familial unrest, or abuse often lead to young people choosing to leave or being forced out of their homes before they are adequately prepared to be on their own.
Bruce Bishop
Bruce Edward Bishop (25 August 1925 – 20 May 2008) was an Australian businessman and politician. He was a Liberal Party member of the Queensland Legislative Assembly from 1977 until 1980, representing the electorate of Surfers Paradise. He was also a prominent member of the Gold Coast City Council during the 1970s.

City of Gold Coast
The City of Gold Coast is the local government area spanning the Gold Coast, Queensland, Australia, and surrounding areas. It is on the central eastern coast of Australia adjoining the Pacific Ocean. With a population of 606,774, it is the second most populous local government area in the state of Queensland (Brisbane being the largest). Its council maintains a staff of over 2,500. The council was established in 1948, and has existed in its present form since 2008. The City of Gold Coast borders New South Wales and Tweed Shire to the south, Scenic Rim to the west, and Logan and Redland to the northwest and north, respectively.
Kōyaguchi, Wakayama
Kōyaguchi (高野口町, Kōyaguchi-chō) was a town located in Ito District, Wakayama Prefecture, Japan.

As of 2003, the town had an estimated population of 14,889 and a density of 742.22 persons per km2. The total area was 20.06 km2.

On March 1, 2006, Kōyaguchi was merged into the expanded city of Hashimoto.

Wakayama Prefecture
Wakayama Prefecture (和歌山県, Wakayama-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [wa.kaꜜ.ja.ma, wa.ka.ja.maꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu.: 1026  Wakayama Prefecture has a population of 876,030 (as of 1 February 2025) and a geographic area of 4,724 square kilometres (1,824 sq mi). Wakayama Prefecture borders Osaka Prefecture to the north, and Mie Prefecture and Nara Prefecture to the northeast.

Wakayama is the capital and largest city of Wakayama Prefecture, with other major cities including Tanabe, Hashimoto, and Kinokawa.: 1025  Wakayama Prefecture is located on the southwestern coast of the Kii Peninsula on the Kii Channel, connecting the Pacific Ocean and Seto Inland Sea, across from Tokushima Prefecture on the island of Shikoku.
Khandallah railway station
Khandallah railway station is one of eight stations on the Johnsonville Line, a commuter branch railway north of Wellington in New Zealand's North Island.  The station was erected and operated by the Wellington and Manawatu Railway Company (WMR) on their line from Wellington to Longburn.  From the acquisition of the WMR by the New Zealand Railways Department in 1908 until the opening of the Tawa Flat deviation in 1937, the station was on the North Island Main Trunk Railway.

Electric multiple unit trains are operated under the Metlink brand through this station in both directions to Johnsonville (to the north) and Wellington (to the south).

Johnsonville railway station
Johnsonville railway station is the terminus of the Johnsonville Line, one of eight stations on the commuter branch railway north of Wellington in New Zealand’s North Island. It serves the suburb of Johnsonville and, as a bus interchange, attracts traffic from other suburbs to the north and east.

The station is beside the Johnsonville Shopping Centre (also known as the "Johnsonville Mall"), a major regional shopping centre, which incorporates a Countdown supermarket.  Numerous other businesses and organisations are nearby in a busy retail and commercial area.

Electric multiple unit trains are operated as part of the Metlink network to and from Wellington.
Duke of Huéscar
Duke of Huéscar (Spanish: Duque de Huéscar) is a hereditary title in the Peerage of Spain, accompanied by the dignity of Grandee and granted in 1563 by Philip II to María Josefa Pimentel, daughter of the Dukes of Benavente, as a gift for her wedding to Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, future Duke of Alba.

It was granted as a title for the male heirs apparent of the subsequent dukes of Alba, who until then held the Marquessate of Coria before succeeding to the Dukedom of Alba. Since then, the title has been held by the heir apparent to the Dukedom of Alba, almost as a title of courtesy.

Its name refers to the village of Huéscar in Granada, one of the jurisdictions of the House of Alba.

Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Duke of Alba
Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmán, 4th Duke of Alba, Grandee of Spain (in full, Spanish: Don Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo y Enríquez de Guzmán, cuarto Duque de Alba de Tormes, Duque de Huéscar, Marqués de Coria, Señor del estado de Valdecorneja, Comendador Mayor de la Orden de Calatrava) (21 November 1537 – 3 September 1585), was a commander in the Spanish army during the Eighty Years' War.
Walang Hanggang Paalam
Walang Hanggang Paalam (transl. never ending goodbye / international title: Irreplaceable) is a Philippine television drama romance series broadcast by Kapamilya Channel. Directed by Emmanuel Q. Palo, Darnel Joy R. Villaflor and Andoy Ranay, it stars Paulo Avelino, Zanjoe Marudo, Arci Muñoz, Angelica Panganiban and JC Santos. The series premiered on the network's Primetime Bida line up on September 28, 2020. The series concluded on April 16, 2021, with a total of 143 episodes.

Kapamilya Channel
Kapamilya Channel (lit. 'Family member channel') is a 24-hour Filipino pay television channel owned and operated by ABS-CBN Corporation, a subsidiary of Lopez Holdings Corporation. Its headquarters is located at the ABS-CBN Broadcasting Center in Quezon City and serves as the flagship television channel under the ABS-CBN media brand.

Kapamilya Channel launched on June 13, 2020, replacing the free-to-air ABS-CBN after its broadcast renewal franchise expired on May 5, 2020, and the eventual denial on July 10, 2020. The channel airs a mix of ABS-CBN programs, including those that aired before and after its launch.
Drug action
The action of drugs on the human body (or any other organism's body) is called pharmacodynamics, and the body's response to drugs is called pharmacokinetics. The drugs that enter an individual tend to stimulate certain receptors, ion channels, act on enzymes or transport proteins. As a result, they cause the human body to react in a specific way.

Based on drug action on receptors, there are 2 different types of drugs:

Agonists – they stimulate and activate the receptors

Antagonists – they disable the agonists from stimulating the receptors

Once the receptors are activated, they either trigger a particular response directly on the body, or they trigger the release of hormones and/or other endogenous drugs in the body to stimulate a particular response.

Ion channel
Ion channels are pore-forming membrane proteins that allow ions to pass through the channel pore. Their functions include establishing a resting membrane potential, shaping action potentials and other electrical signals by gating the flow of ions across the cell membrane, controlling the flow of ions across secretory and epithelial cells, and regulating cell volume. Ion channels are present in the membranes of all cells. Ion channels are one of the two classes of ionophoric proteins, the other being ion transporters.

The study of ion channels often involves biophysics, electrophysiology, and pharmacology, while using techniques including voltage clamp, patch clamp, immunohistochemistry, X-ray crystallography, fluoroscopy, and RT-PCR. Their classification as molecules is referred to as channelomics.
In the Middle (Alexander O'Neal song)
"In the Middle" is a song written and produced by Terry Coffey and Jon Nettlesbey, and recorded by American recording artist Alexander O'Neal. It was released in 1993 by Tabu Records as the second single from his fifth studio album, Love Makes No Sense (1993). The song's distinctive backing vocals were performed by Cherrelle. Following the successful chart performances of the single "Love Makes No Sense", "In the Middle" was recorded by Wolfgang Aichholz at Winsonics, Los Angeles, CA. It became O'Neal's 24th hit single, reaching number 32 on the UK Singles Chart and number 26 on the US Billboard Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Singles & Tracks chart. The accompanying music video was directed by Zack Snyder. The single's front cover bears resemblance to a bingo board.

Cherrelle
Cheryl Anne Norton (born October 13, 1958), better known by her stage name Cherrelle, is an American R&B singer and songwriter who gained fame in the mid-1980s. Her signature hits include "I Didn't Mean to Turn You On", "Where Do I Run To", "Everything I Miss at Home", and duets with R&B singer Alexander O'Neal such as "Saturday Love" and "Never Knew Love Like This", as well as "Always" with her cousin Pebbles.
Avarigines
The Avarigines or Avarigini were a cantabrian tribe that lived on the eastern side of the river Namnasa, the modern Nansa, along its middle and upper parts, opposite the Organomesci.

All we know about them is that their name has a Celtic origin.  They were mentioned by the Roman geographer Pomponius Mela. For a long time, due to their similar Celtic names, they were confused with Autrigones, a different and better-documented tribe.

Pomponius Mela
Pomponius Mela (died c. AD 45) was the earliest known Roman geographer. He was born at the end of the 1st century BC in Tingentera (now Algeciras), wrote around AD 43, and died circa AD 45.

His short work (De situ orbis libri III.) remained in use nearly to the year 1500. It occupies less than one hundred pages of ordinary print, and is described by the Encyclopædia Britannica (1911) as "dry in style and deficient in method, but of pure Latinity, and occasionally relieved by pleasing word-pictures." Except for the geographical parts of Pliny's Historia naturalis (where Mela is cited as an important authority), the De situ orbis is the only formal treatise on the subject in Classical Latin.
Prapanch
Prapanch is a 1961 Indian Marathi- language family drama directed by Madhukar Pathak and produced by Indian National Pictures. The film stars Sulochana, Shrikant Moghe, Seema Deo, Kusum Deshpande, Amar Sheikh in lead roles. At the 9th National Film Awards Prapanch won All India Certificate of Merit for the Third Best Feature Film. The film also won Best Feature Film in 1st Maharashtra State Film Awards.

Seema Deo
Seema Deo (27 March 1942 – 24 August 2023) was an Indian Hindi and Marathi film actress. She appeared in over 80 Marathi and Hindi films. She won Maharashtra State Film Award for Best Actress for the film Pahu re kiti vaat.
Ordet
Ordet (Danish pronunciation: [ˈoːˀɐɤ], meaning "The Word" and originally released as The Word in English) is a 1955 Danish drama film, written and directed by Carl Theodor Dreyer. It is based on a play by Kaj Munk, a Danish Lutheran priest, first performed in 1932. The film won the Golden Lion at the 16th Venice International Film Festival, and was the only film by Dreyer to be both a critical and financial success.

The film is now regarded by many critics as a masterpiece, admired particularly for its cinematography. In Sight and Sound magazine's 2012 poll on the greatest films of all time, it placed 19th in the directors' poll and 24th in the critics' poll.

Golden Lion
The Golden Lion (Italian: Leone d'oro) is the highest prize given to a film at the Venice Film Festival. The prize was introduced in 1949 by the organizing committee and is widely regarded as one of the film industry's most prestigious and distinguished prizes. In 1970, the Golden Lion for Lifetime Achievement was introduced, an honorary prize for people who have made an important contribution to cinema.

The prize was introduced in 1949 as the Golden Lion of Saint Mark, which was one of the best known symbols of the ancient Republic of Venice. In 1954, the prize was permanently named the Golden Lion.
Bristol Supertram
Bristol Supertram was a proposed light rail system for the Bristol and South Gloucestershire regions of England. In 2001, the project was given backing from the government to build a line that would link the city centre with the North Bristol region, but the project was cancelled in 2004.

South Gloucestershire
South Gloucestershire is a unitary authority area in the ceremonial county of Gloucestershire, South West England. Towns in the area include Yate, Chipping Sodbury, Kingswood, Thornbury, Filton, Patchway and Bradley Stoke. The southern part of its area falls within the Greater Bristol urban area surrounding the city of Bristol.

South Gloucestershire was created in 1996 to replace the Northavon district and Borough of Kingswood of the abolished county of Avon. It is separate from Gloucestershire County Council, but is part of the ceremonial county and shares Gloucestershire's Lord Lieutenant (the Sovereign's representative to the county). Because of its history as part of the county of Avon, South Gloucestershire works closely with the other unitary authorities that took over when that county was abolished, including shared services such as Avon Fire and Rescue Service and Avon and Somerset Police, together with co-operation in planning strategy for transport, roads and housing.