hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Xolani Ngwezi
Xolani Ngwezi is a South African politician of the Inkatha Freedom Party who has since been serving as the mayor of the uMhlathuze Local Municipality since December 2021. He was a Member of the National Assembly from June 2017 until January 2021 and served as a permanent delegate to the National Council of Provinces from KwaZulu-Natal from February 2021 until December 2021.

National Council of Provinces
The National Council of Provinces (NCOP) is the upper house of the Parliament of South Africa under the post-apartheid constitution which came into full effect in 1997. It replaced the former Senate, but is very similar to that body, and to many other upper houses of legislatures throughout the world, in that its purpose is to represent the governments of the provinces, rather than directly representing the people.
Newcomen atmospheric engine
The atmospheric engine was invented by Thomas Newcomen in 1712, and is sometimes referred to as the Newcomen fire engine (see below) or Newcomen engine. The engine was operated by condensing steam being drawn into the cylinder, thereby creating a partial vacuum which allowed atmospheric pressure to push the piston into the cylinder. It is significant as the first practical device to harness steam to produce mechanical work.  Newcomen engines were used throughout Britain and Europe, principally to pump water out of mines. Hundreds were constructed during the 18th century. James Watt's later engine design was an improved version of the Newcomen engine that roughly doubled fuel efficiency. Many atmospheric engines were converted to the Watt design. As a result, Watt is today better known than Newcomen in relation to the origin of the steam engine.

Steam
Steam is water vapor, often mixed with air and/or an aerosol of liquid water droplets. This may occur by evaporation or by boiling, where heat is applied until water reaches the enthalpy of vaporization. Superheated or saturated steam is invisible; however, wet steam, a visible mist or aerosol of water droplets, is often referred to as  "steam".: 6

When liquid water becomes steam, it increases in volume by 1,700 times at standard temperature and pressure; this change in volume can be converted into mechanical work by steam engines such as reciprocating piston-type engines and steam turbines. Piston-type steam engines played a central role in the Industrial Revolution, and steam-based generation today produces 80 percent of the world's electricity. If liquid water comes into contact with a very hot surface or depressurizes quickly below its vapor pressure, it can create a steam explosion.
BBC Knowledge (magazine)
BBC Knowledge Magazine was a magazine covering science, nature and history which was launched in 2008 and ceased publication in November 2012.

The magazine's now-defunct website described it thus:

BBC Knowledge Magazine - the new magazine about science, nature and history...invention, innovation and more. Sir Francis Bacon was right about knowledge. It is power. Ben Franklin agreed, "An investment in knowledge always pays the best interest."

BBC Knowledge Magazine was unrelated to the television channels BBC Knowledge and BBC Knowledge (international).

The magazine was chosen as one of the top ten magazines launched in 2008 by Library Journal.

BBC Knowledge Magazine reprinted articles from BBC Focus, BBC History and BBC Wildlife.

BBC Science Focus
BBC Science Focus (previously BBC Focus) is a British monthly magazine about science and technology published in Bristol, UK by Immediate Media Company. Edited by Daniel Bennett, it covers all aspects of science and technology and is written for general readers as well as people with a knowledge of science. Formerly known as Focus and published by Gruner + Jahr and Nat Mags, the magazine was taken over by BBC Magazines in mid-2005 and renamed BBC Focus. There are also regular science celebrity features and interviews. Their official website is known as Science Focus.
City nickname
A city nickname or municipality nickname is an alias, sobriquet, or slogan by which a city or other municipality is or has been known. They have various purposes and anecdotally have led to economic benefits for communities.

Sobriquet
A sobriquet (/ˈsoʊ.brɪ.ˌkeɪ, ˌsoʊ.brɪ.ˈkeɪ/ SOH-brih-kay, -⁠KAY) is a descriptive nickname, sometimes assumed, but often given by another. A sobriquet is distinct from a pseudonym in that it is typically a familiar name used in place of a real name without the need for explanation; it may even become more familiar than the original name.

An example is Mohandas Gandhi, who is better known as Mahatma Gandhi ("mahatma" means "great soul" in Sanskrit).

The term sobriquet is equally applicable as a name for a person, group of people, historical event, or place. Well-known places often have sobriquets, such as New York City, often called the "Big Apple", or Rome, the "Eternal City", or Vienna, the "Golden Apple" or Paris the "City of Light".
Dye (EP)
Dye (stylized in all caps) is the eleventh extended play (EP) by South Korean boy band Got7. It was released digitally and physically on April 20, 2020 by JYP Entertainment and distributed by Dreamus. It contains six songs, including the lead single "Not By the Moon", and four bonus tracks. It follows their previous EP Call My Name (2019). Musically, the EP incorporates various genres and styles including synth-pop, trap, reggaeton, house, jazz and pop.

Commercially, the album debuted atop South Korea's Gaon Album Chart and has sold more than 460,000 copies. It also entered the Billboard World Albums Chart at number four. Got7 promoted the album with live performances on various music shows.

Circle Album Chart
The Circle Album Chart (Korean: 써클 앨범 차트), previously known as the Gaon Album Chart (가온 앨범 차트), is a record chart ranking the 100 most popular albums, extended plays and single albums in South Korea–based on their physical sales. It is a part of the Circle Chart, previously known as the Gaon Chart. It compiles shipments in weekly, monthly, and year-end formats with detailed album sales.
Chris Crenshaw
Chris Crenshaw (March 19, 1986) is an American baseball coach and former pitcher, who is the current head baseball coach of the Southern Jaguars. He played college baseball at Southwest Tennessee Community College in 2006, Southern for coach Roger Cador in 2007 and at Bethel University (Tennessee) from 2008 to 2009.

Southwest Tennessee Community College
Southwest Tennessee Community College is a public community college in Memphis, Tennessee. As the product of a merger between two colleges in 2000, the school has two campuses in Memphis and several satellite centers. The Tennessee Board of Regents operates it.
Felipe López (baseball)
Felipe López (born May 12, 1980) is a Puerto Rican former professional baseball infielder. He played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Toronto Blue Jays, Cincinnati Reds, Washington Nationals, St. Louis Cardinals, Arizona Diamondbacks, Milwaukee Brewers, Boston Red Sox, and Tampa Bay Rays. He also played in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) for the Chinatrust Brothers.

CTBC Brothers
The CTBC Brothers (Chinese: 中信兄弟) or simply Brothers are a professional baseball team in Taiwan. The team was originally established as an amateur team in 1984 by the Brother Hotel located in Taipei City, and later joined the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in 1989. Brother Hotel's chairman Hung Teng-sheng also acted as CPBL's secretary-general from 1987 to 1991. The Brothers are currently owned by CTBC Holding.

With its long history from the amateur era plus a successful marketing strategy and management, the team has long been one of the most popular Taiwanese baseball teams, winning the CPBL championship on ten occasions.

The team has always worn yellow uniforms. Its current home is in Taichung, with the home field at the Taichung Intercontinental Baseball Stadium.
The King of Kings (1927 film)
The King of Kings is a 1927 American silent epic film produced and directed by Cecil B. DeMille. Starring H. B. Warner in the lead role, it depicts events in the life of Jesus, from the exorcism of Mary Magdalene to the crucifixion and resurrection. The screenplay was written by Jeanie MacPherson and includes verses from the Gospels of Matthew, Mark, Luke, and John.

Filming took place in 1926 in Santa Catalina Island and the DeMille Studios in Culver City, California. The opening and resurrection scenes were filmed in two-color Technicolor, other sequences were tinted sepia or yellow, and the torch flames in the blue-tinted scene of Jesus' arrest were hand colored.

The King of Kings first premiered in New York City on April 19, 1927, and later opened in Los Angeles on May 18. The film is the second in DeMille's biblical trilogy, preceded by The Ten Commandments (1923) and followed by The Sign of the Cross (1932).

Jeanie MacPherson
Abbie Jean MacPherson (May 18, 1886 – August 26, 1946) was an American silent actress, writer and director. She is known for her collaborations with directors D. W. Griffith and Cecil B. DeMille, and was a founding member of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.
Oenomaus (rebel slave)
Oenomaus was a Gallic gladiator, who escaped from the gladiatorial school of Lentulus Batiatus in Capua. Together with Spartacus, Crixus, Castus, and Gannicus, he became one of the leaders of rebellious slaves during the Third Servile War (73–71 BC)

Oenomaus was involved in one of the first major successes of the slave army, the rout of the army of the praetor Gaius Claudius Glaber, who had tried to lay siege to the slave army near Mount Vesuvius.

Oenomaus fell in an early battle, possibly during the winter of 73–72 BC when the slave armies were plundering cities and towns in the south of Italy.

Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Vatia
Gnaeus Cornelius Lentulus Vatia (also called Lentulus Batiatus by Plutarch) was the Roman owner of a gladiatorial school in ancient Capua. It was from this school that, in 73 BC, the Thracian slave Spartacus and about 70 to 78 followers escaped. The breakout led to the slave rebellion known as the Third Servile War (73–71 BC).
Rebirth (sculpture)
Rebirth, nicknamed "Deer Baby" and "Twilight Zone Bambi", was a proposed outdoor sculpture by American artist Seyed Alavi, considered for installation at the MAX Orange Line's Southeast Park Avenue MAX Station in Oak Grove, an unincorporated area neighboring Milwaukie in Clackamas County, Oregon, in the United States. The design of the unfinished creative work, which featured a 30-foot (9.1 m) deer with a child's face, was met with a mixed reception. Unable to meet TriMet's standards and remain under budget, in November 2011 Alavi withdrew his design from the project.

Milwaukie, Oregon
Milwaukie /mɪlˈwɔːki/ is a city mostly in Clackamas County, Oregon, United States; a very small portion of the city extends into Multnomah County. The population was 21,119 at the 2020 census. Founded in 1847 on the banks of the Willamette River, the city, known as the Dogwood City of the West, was incorporated in 1903 and is the birthplace of the Bing cherry. The city is now a suburb of Portland and also adjoins the unincorporated areas of Clackamas and Oak Grove.
Mt. Shasta High School
Mt. Shasta High School is a public high school located in Mount Shasta, California in southern Siskiyou County. It is one of the five members of the Siskiyou Union High School District.  Mt. Shasta High school's mascot is a bear and the rivaling team is the Weed High School Cougars.

Weed High School
Weed High School is a secondary school located in Weed, California and is part of the Siskiyou Union High School District.

For the 2006–07 school year, the school had student enrollment of 196, an Academic Performance Index (API) of 727 which is equal to the Siskiyou County average API for the same period, and above the CA state average API of 697. The student to teacher ratio was 30:1, and the student to computer ratio was 2:1. The school's racial/ethnic make-up was 40% white/Caucasian, 29% Latino/Hispanic, 31% black/African-American, which is considered quite diverse for a rural school in this geographic area.
G. Dhinakar Raj
Gopal Dhinakar Raj is an Indian veterinary scientist, an academic and the project director of the Translational Research Platform for Veterinary Biologicals, a partnership program between the Department of Biotechnology and the Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University. Known for the development of diagnostic test kits for animal and poultry diseases such as Leptospirosis and Egg drop syndrome, Raj is a member of the DBT Task Force on Animal Biotechnology. The Department of Biotechnology of the Government of India awarded him the National Bioscience Award for Career Development, one of the highest Indian science awards, for his contributions to biosciences in 2007.

Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University
Tamil Nadu University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences (TANUVAS) is a veterinary university founded in 1989 in Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai, India.  It is composed of the Madras Veterinary College, Vepery, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Namakkal, Veterinary College and Research Institute, Tirunelveli; Veterinary College and Research Institute, Orathanadu, Thanjavur and the Institute of Food and Dairy Technology, Koduvalli, Chennai-52. Research farms are for leprosy bacteria, for prawn and edible fish culture, and for animal feed safety.
McCloud River Railroad 19
McCloud River Railroad 19 is a preserved 2-8-2 "Mikado" type steam locomotive, built in April 1915 by the Baldwin Locomotive Works (BLW) for the Caddo and Choctaw Railroad (C&CRR), United States Smelting, Refining and Mining Company (USSR&MC), McCloud River Railroad (MCR), Yreka Western Railroad (YW), and the Oregon, Pacific, and Eastern Railway (OPE). The engine operated on the Yreka Western before being moved up to Cottage Grove, Oregon to run on the OP&E. In the late 1980s, No. 19 was sent back down to Yreka, California to run on the YW. In April 1994, the engine returned to McCloud, California to run a series of excursions on the McCloud, Railway. It has since been used in the films Emperor of the North Pole and Stand By Me. As of 2025, No. 19 is undergoing its FRA inspection to return to operation at the Age of Steam Roundhouse in Sugarcreek, Ohio.

Yreka Western Railroad
The Yreka Western Railroad Company (reporting mark YW) is a shortline railroad that operates freight trains and formerly passenger excursions between the Central Oregon & Pacific interchange at Montague and the city of Yreka, California. Railmark Holdings acquired the Yreka Western Railroad in 2017.
Joe Patterson (California politician)
Joe Patterson is an American politician currently serving as a Republican member of the California State Assembly from the 5th district. Elected in 2022, he assumed office on December 5, 2022. Patterson previously served on the Rocklin City Council from 2016 to 2022, serving as the city's mayor in 2019.

Rocklin, California
Rocklin is a city in Placer County, California, United States, about 22 miles (35 km) northeast of Sacramento and about 6.1 miles (9.8 km) northeast of Roseville in the Sacramento metropolitan area. Besides Roseville, it borders Granite Bay, Loomis, and Lincoln. As of the 2020 census, Rocklin's population was 71,601.
Bertie Austin
Albert Edison Austin (November 1, 1888 – February 5, 1913) was a Canadian Olympic athlete. He was the second son of Albert W. Austin, a prominent businessman and founder of the Lambton Golf and Country Club.

He grew up in Winnipeg, where his father ran the streetcar system. The family later moved to Toronto, and Bertie spent the latter part of his youth living at Spadina House, which today is a museum.

Bertie, his father, and Lambton club champion George Lyon traveled to St. Louis for the 1904 Olympics. The Olympics in that era were more casual, and to participate, one merely needed to show up and pay the entry fee. Bertie finished 65th of 75 competitors, but Lyon went on to win the gold medal.

Bertie died of tuberculosis at the age of 24 in Cairo, Egypt.

George Lyon (golfer)
George Seymour Lyon (July 27, 1858 – May 11, 1938) was a Canadian golfer, an Olympic gold medalist in golf, an eight-time Canadian Amateur Championship winner, and a member of Canada's Sports Hall of Fame. He worked in the insurance industry.
Ermington Hundred
The hundred of Ermington was the name of one of thirty two ancient administrative units of Devon, England. It was active until the end of the 19th century when more specialized governmental units assumed its many roles.

Ermington hundred was composed of the parishes of Abbots Ash, Aveton Gifford, Bigbury, Cornwood, Ermington, Flete, Harford, Modbury, Newton Ferrers, Okenbury, Ringmore and Ugborough from the division of the larger ancient Domesday hundred of Alleriga. Some Domesday parishes were combined i.e. Abbots Ash and Flete created the parish of Holbeton. The hundred Court was originally held at Ermington.

The parishes in the hundred at the beginning of the 20th century were: Aveton Gifford; Bigbury; Cornwood; Ermington; Harford; Holbeton; Kingston; Modbury; Newton Ferrers; Ringmore and Ugborough.

Newton Ferrers
Newton Ferrers is a village and former manor, civil and ecclesiastical parish, now in the parish of Newton and Noss, in the South Hams district, in the county of Devon, England. It is situated on a creek of the River Yealm estuary, about 6 miles (10 km) south-east of the City of Plymouth. It lies within the South Devon Area of Outstanding Natural Beauty. According to the United Kingdom Census 2011
the population of the village of Newton Ferrers was 1,268 and that of the electoral ward of Newton and Noss was 1,814.
Marguerite Pindling
Dame Marguerite Pindling, Lady Pindling, ON GCMG (née McKenzie; born 26 June 1932) is a former diplomat who served as the tenth governor-general of the Bahamas, from 8 July 2014 to 28 June 2019. She is the second female governor-general of the Bahamas after Dame Ivy Dumont.

She was married to Sir Lynden Pindling, the first Prime Minister of The Bahamas. The couple had four children.

Ivy Dumont
Dame Ivy Leona Dumont DCMG (née Turnquest; born 2 October 1930), is a Bahamian politician who served as the seventh governor-general of the Bahamas. She was the first woman in the Bahamas to hold this office, from 1 January 2002 (on an acting basis since 13 November 2001) until 30 November 2005. She previously served as Minister of Education from 1995 to 2001.
Eric Qin
Eric Lee Chin, also known as Eric Qin (1967 – April 19, 1993), was an American composer of experimental music. While studying at the Mannes College of Music in New York City in the early 1990s, Qin founded the Rough Assemblage composers' collective, along with Mark Degli Antoni and Norman Yamada.

Born and raised in New York City, Qin was killed in a bicycle accident on the Upper West Side of Manhattan on April 19, 1993, at the age of 25. His music was performed posthumously at the 1993 Bang on a Can Festival, and a CD of his music entitled Photographs was released in 2002.

Mark Degli Antoni
Mark degli Antoni (sometimes credited as Mark De Gli Antoni) is an American composer, known for his work as co-founder and keyboard sampler for the band Soul Coughing from 1992 to 2000.

He studied music composition at the Mannes School of Music in New York City.

Since leaving Soul Coughing, he has devoted much of his energy toward film scoring. Film scores include Cherish,  Marie and Bruce, the HBO documentary Roman Polanski: Wanted and Desired, Into the Abyss directed by Werner Herzog, Crown Heights directed by Matt Ruskin, and the Netflix documentary Get Me Roger Stone.

Antoni collaborated with his former Soul Coughing bandmate Sebastian Steinberg as part of the backing band on Miho Hatori's 2005 album Ecdysis. He has toured with Low, John Scofield, and David Byrne on the Songs of David Byrne and Brian Eno Tour.

In 2024, Antoni rejoined Soul Coughing for a reunion tour, including an appearance on Jimmy Kimmel Live!.
Pyar Deewangi Hai (TV series)
Pyar Deewangi Hai (Urdu: پیار دیوانگی ہے, transl. Love is madness) is a Pakistani drama series that aired on ARY Digital in 2022. Written by Misbah Ali Syed, the series was directed by Aabis Raza and produced by Ali Kazmi and Fahad Mustafa under the banner of Big Bang Entertainment. It features Sami Khan, Neelam Muneer and Shuja Asad in lead roles.

Sami Khan
Sami Khan (Urdu: سمیع خان; born Mansoor Aslam Khan Niazi (Urdu: منصوراسلم خان نیازی ) on 6 July 1980) is a Pakistani film and television actor and model, known for his versatile performances across both mediums. He began his career in cinema with the film Salakhain (2004) before transitioning to television, where he rose to prominence through acclaimed roles in popular drama serials.  Over a career spanning more than two decades, Khan has received multiple accolades, including Best Actor honors at the PTV Awards. He is also a recipient of the Tamgha-e-Imtiaz, one of Pakistan’s highest civilian honors, and earned critical acclaim for his performance in Gumm, for which he received several award nominations and wins.  His film credits include the commercially successful Wrong No. 2 (2019), and his television work spans a wide range of genres, establishing him as one of Pakistan’s respected leading actors.
Bullfighter and the Lady
Bullfighter and the Lady is a 1951 drama romance sport film directed and written by Budd Boetticher and starring Robert Stack, Joy Page and Gilbert Roland. Filmed on location in Mexico, the film focuses on the dangers of bullfighting. Boetticher, who had experience in bullfighting, used a semidocumentary approach in filming the activity and the lives of matadors.

Joy Page
Joy Page (born Joy Cerrette Paige; November 9, 1924 – April 18, 2008) was an American actress. She is best known for her role as the Bulgarian refugee Annina Brandel in Casablanca (1942). She was sometimes credited as Joanne Page.
1998 Skoda Czech Open
The 1998 Skoda Czech Open was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts at the I. Czech Lawn Tennis Club in Prague in the Czech Republic that was part of Tier III of the 1998 WTA Tour. The tournament was held from 6 July through 12 July 1998. First-seeded Jana Novotná won the singles title.

Jana Novotná
Jana Novotná (Czech pronunciation: [ˈjana ˈnovotnaː]; 2 October 1968 – 19 November 2017) was a Czech professional tennis player. She was ranked world No. 2 in women's singles by the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) in 1997, and as the world No. 1 in women's doubles for 67 weeks. Novotná won the women's singles title at Wimbledon in 1998, and was runner-up in three other singles majors. She also won twelve major women's doubles titles (completing a double career Grand Slam), four major mixed doubles titles, and three Olympic medals. Novotná played a serve and volley game, an increasingly rare style of play among women during her career.
Sugidama
A sugidama (杉玉), or sakabayashi (酒林), is an object of Japanese origin made by shaping sugi (Cryptomeria) leaves into a ball. Green sugidama are hung from the eaves of sake breweries to indicate that new sake is ready.

Cryptomeria
Cryptomeria (literally "hidden parts") is a monotypic genus of conifer in the cypress family Cupressaceae. It includes only one species, Cryptomeria japonica (syn. Cupressus japonica L.f.). It is considered to be endemic to Japan, where it is known as Sugi (杉).  The tree is also called Japanese cedar or Japanese redwood in English. It has been extensively introduced, and cultivated for wood production on the Azores and elsewhere.