hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fan Rui
Fan Rui is a fictional character in Water Margin, one of the Four Great Classical Novels in Chinese literature. Nicknamed "Demon King of Chaos", he ranks 61st among the 108 Stars of Destiny and 25th among the 72 Earthly Fiends.

108 Heroes
The 108 Heroes are the main characters of the Ming dynasty classic Chinese novel the Water Margin, which was written in the 14th century and usually attributed to Shi Nai'an. The heroes are divided into the 36 Heavenly Spirits and 72 Earthly Fiends, groups that are based on a belief in Daoism that Ursa Major has 36 Heavenly stars and 72 Earthly stars. The 108 Heroes represent 108 demonic generals who were banished by Shangdi, a supreme god in Chinese folk religion. Having repented since their banishment, the stars are released from imprisonment by accident, and are reborn in the world as 108 heroes who band together for the cause of justice. The bulk of the novel describes the lives of these men and women and how they came to come together in Mount Liang to rebel against the evil forces controlling the court of the Song dynasty.
Lana Ogilvie
Lana Ogilvie is a Canadian fashion model. She was the first model of colour to be given a contract with the CoverGirl cosmetics brand, frequently being paired with Rachel Hunter. She appeared in the 1994 Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue and was a host on Soul Train.

Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue
The Sports Illustrated Swimsuit Issue is published annually by American magazine Sports Illustrated and features female fashion models, celebrities and athletes wearing swimwear in various locales around the world. The highly coveted cover photograph has been considered as the arbiter of supermodel succession. The issue carries advertising that, in 2005, amounted to US$35 million in value. First published in 1964, it is credited with making the bikini, invented in 1946, a legitimate piece of apparel.

Since 1964, the issue had been published every February, but starting in 2019, the issue was made available in May.
Marina Zoueva
Marina Olegovna Zoueva or Zueva (Russian: Марина Олеговна Зуева; born 9 April 1956) is a Russian figure skating coach, choreographer, and former competitor in ice dancing. Representing the Soviet Union with Andrei Vitman, she placed 5th at the 1977 World Championships and won two medals at Skate Canada International. She has coached a number of skaters to Olympic medals, including Ekaterina Gordeeva / Sergei Grinkov (gold in 1994), Tessa Virtue / Scott Moir (gold in 2010 and 2018), Meryl Davis / Charlie White (gold in 2014), and Maia Shibutani / Alex Shibutani (bronze in 2018).

Alex Shibutani
Alex Hideo Shibutani (born April 25, 1991) is an American ice dancer. Partnered with his sister Maia Shibutani, he is a two-time Olympic bronze medalist (2018), a three-time World medalist (silver in 2016; bronze in 2011 and 2017), the 2016 Four Continents champion, and a two-time U.S. national champion (2016, 2017). The Shibutanis have also won six titles on the Grand Prix series. At the junior level, they are 2009 World Junior silver and 2009–10 JGP Final bronze medalists. They are two-time members of the US Olympic team, competing at the 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi, Russia, and the 2018 Winter Olympics in Pyeongchang, South Korea. In 2018, they became the first ice dancers who are both of Asian descent to medal at the Olympics (bronze in team figure skating and ice dancing). They are the second sibling duo to ever share an ice dancing Olympic medal, and the first from the United States.
1914 Nebraska lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1914 Nebraska lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 3, 1914, and featured Democratic nominee James Pearson defeating Republican nominee Walter V. Hoagland as well as Progressive Party nominee G. L. E. Klingbiel, Socialist Party nominee Glen H. Abel, and Prohibition Party nominee Henry F. J. Hockenberger. Incumbent Nebraska Lieutenant Governor Samuel R. McKelvie did not seek reelection.

James Pearson (Nebraska politician)
James Pearson (August 19, 1873 – April 16, 1950) served as lieutenant governor for the United States state of Nebraska from 1915 to 1917, and later went on to a successful career as a "radio pastor."

Pearson was born in Pana, Illinois in 1873 and moved to Cass County, Nebraska in 1885.  He later moved west to Moorefield.  He became a grain buyer, and served as a representative (66th district) in the Nebraska legislature from 1913 to 1915.  In 1914 he was the Democratic party nominee for lieutenant governor, and served in that position from 1915 to 1917.

Sometime after leaving office, he moved to Shenandoah, Iowa and became a popular radio preacher at KFNF, also nicknamed as the "newsboy" of the station.

In 1932, he was nominated in jest as the candidate for U.S. vice president by the Nebraska Democratic delegation. He died at Shenandoah, Iowa in 1950. He had been ill for a year after suffering a stroke.
Osh Region
Osh is a region of Kyrgyzstan. Its capital is Osh, which is not part of the region. It is bounded (clockwise) by Jalal-Abad Region, Naryn Region, China (Xinjiang), Tajikistan (Districts under Central Government Jurisdiction and Gorno-Badakhshan Autonomous Region), Batken Region, and Uzbekistan (Andijan and Fergana Regions). Its total area is 28,934 km2 (11,171 sq mi). The resident population of the region was 1,391,649 as of January 2021. According to the 2009 census, 28% of the total population are ethnic Uzbeks.

Uzbeks
The Uzbeks (Uzbek: Oʻzbeklar; Ўзбеклар; اۉزبېکلر‎) are a Turkic ethnic group native to Central Asia, being the largest Turkic ethnic group in the area. They comprise the majority population of Uzbekistan, next to Tajiks and Karakalpak minorities, and also form minority groups in Afghanistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, Kazakhstan, Turkmenistan, Russia, and China. Uzbek diaspora communities also exist in Turkey, Saudi Arabia, United States, Ukraine, Pakistan, and other countries.
Dara Ó Conaola
Dara Ó Conaola (born 1945 in Inishmaan) is an Irish writer who writes in Irish. His first book of short stories, Mo Chathair Ghríobháin, was published in 1981.  A later short book of eight short stories, translated to English by Gabriel Rosenstock, was published as Night Ructions in 1990. The book was launched at the 1990 Sunday Times Festival of Literature, Hay-on-Wye, Wales.

Inishmaan
Inishmaan (/ˌɪnɪʃˈmæn/ IN-ish-MAN; Irish: Inis Meáin [ˈɪnʲɪʃ mʲaːnʲ], the official name, formerly spelled Inis Meadhóin, meaning "middle island") is the middle of the three main Aran Islands in Galway Bay, off the west coast of Ireland. It is part of County Galway in the province of Connacht. Inishmaan has a population of about 184 (census 2022), making it the least populous of the Aran Islands. It is one of the most important strongholds of traditional Irish culture. The island is predominantly Irish-speaking and part of the Gaeltacht, though all inhabitants have knowledge of English.
Cladonia litoralis
Cladonia litoralis is a species of fruticose lichen in the family Cladoniaceae. It was described in 2011 from the Atlantic coast of Santa Catarina State in southern Brazil. There it forms dense, convex cushions of overlapping squamules (scale-like lobes) on exposed granitic coastal rocks. It has yellowish-green, glossy squamules; small podetia with closed branch angles (axils); frequent brown pycnidia; and only one detected secondary metabolite, fumarprotocetraric acid.

Pycnidium
A pycnidium (plural pycnidia) is an asexual fruiting body produced by mitosporic fungi, for instance in the order Sphaeropsidales (Deuteromycota, Coelomycetes) or order Pleosporales (Ascomycota, Dothideomycetes). It is often spherical or inversely pearshaped (obpyriform) and its internal cavity is lined with conidiophores. When ripe, an opening generally appears at the top, through which the pycnidiospores escape.
Collybia cirrhata
Collybia cirrhata is a species of fungus in the family Tricholomataceae of the order Agaricales (gilled mushrooms). The species was first described in the scientific literature in 1786, but was not validly named until 1803. Found in Europe, Northern Eurasia, and North America, it is known from temperate, boreal, and alpine or arctic habitats. It is a saprobic species that grows in clusters on the decaying or blackened remains of other mushrooms. The fruit bodies are small, with whitish convex to flattened caps up to 11 mm (3⁄8 in) in diameter, narrow white gills, and slender whitish stems 8–25 mm (3⁄8–1 in) long and up to 2 mm (0.08 in) thick. C. cirrhata can be distinguished from the other two members of Collybia by the absence of a sclerotium at the base of the stem.

A 2023 chemical analysis found that this mushroom contains 17 to 56 mg/kg of the mycotoxin muscarine.

Climate of the Arctic
The climate of the Arctic is characterized by long, cold winters and short, cool summers. There is a large amount of variability in climate across the Arctic, but all regions experience extremes of solar radiation in both summer and winter. Some parts of the Arctic are covered by ice (sea ice, glacial ice, or snow) year-round, and nearly all parts of the Arctic experience long periods with some form of ice on the surface.

The Arctic consists of ocean that is largely surrounded by land. As such, the climate of much of the Arctic is moderated by the ocean water, which can never have a temperature below −2 °C (28 °F). In winter, this relatively warm water, even though covered by the polar ice pack, keeps the North Pole from being the coldest place in the Northern Hemisphere, and it is also part of the reason that Antarctica is so much colder than the Arctic. In summer, the presence of the nearby water keeps coastal areas from warming as much as they might otherwise.
Line 5 (Ningbo Rail Transit)
Line 5 of Ningbo Rail Transit (Chinese: 宁波轨道交通5号线) is a rapid transit line in Ningbo. It starts from west Yinzhou District and ends in Luotuo Bridge Station in Zhenhai District. In the future extension plan, the line will extend and become a loop.

The construction of the first section started on 28 September 2016. The line uses GoA4 fully automated trains. It is 27.9 km (17.3 mi) in length with 22 stations. The line opened on 28 December 2021.

Phase 2 of line 3 will have 5 more stations north of Datong Bridge, but due to restrictions of an old airport, part of the phase 2 between Datong Bridge and Yongmao Road is stalled for construction. The rest 3 stations of phase 2 has started construction since 2 December 2019, and will temporary run as a part of line 5. Test run of phase 2 of line 3 started in 1 February 2024.

Ningbo Rail Transit
Ningbo Rail Transit, also known as the Ningbo Metro, is a rapid transit system serving the city of Ningbo, Zhejiang and its suburbs. As of January 2026, 8 metro lines are in operation  inside the urban area of Ningbo, serving Haishu, Jiangbei, Zhenhai, Beilun and Yinzhou. The first phase of Line 1 started construction in June 2009 and began to service the public on May 30, 2014. Line 2 began service on September 26, 2015. Ningbo Rail Transit is the second rapid transit system in operation in Zhejiang Province, following the Hangzhou Metro.
Bernardo Martins
Bernardo Sousa Pereira Brites Martins (born 4 December 1997), known as Benny, is a Portuguese professional footballer who plays as an attacking midfielder or winger for Super League Greece club A.E. Kifisia.

A.E. Kifisia F.C.
A.E. Kifisia Football Club (Greek: Α.Ε. Κηφισιά) is a Greek professional football club based in Kifissia, a suburban town in the Athens agglomeration, Greece. It was founded in 2012 after the merger of A.O. Kifisia and A.O.K. Elpidoforos. They compete in the Super League.
Sean Wallentine
Sean Wallentine (born September 26, 1970) is a Republican former acting Member of the California State Board of Equalization, representing the 2nd District, holding office for three days from Friday, December 31, 2010 to Monday, January 3, 2011. Consequently, he is the record-holder for the shortest tenure of a California constitutional officer, surpassing Governor Milton Latham, who held the record (with five days' tenure) for 150 years.

Governor of California
The governor of California is the head of government of the U.S. state of California. The governor is the commander-in-chief of the California National Guard and the California State Guard.

Established in the Constitution of California, the governor's responsibilities also include submitting the budget, ensuring that state laws are enforced, and making the annual State of the State address to the California State Legislature. The position was created in 1849, the year before California became a state.

The governor is now limited to two terms, regardless of whether they are consecutive. The current governor of California is Democrat Gavin Newsom, who was inaugurated on January 7, 2019. Jerry Brown was the longest serving governor in Californian history, serving from 1975 until 1983, and again from 2011 until 2019.
Peter Orno
Beginning in 1974, the fictitious Peter Orno (alternatively, Peter Ørno, P. Ørno, and P. Orno) appeared as the author of research papers in mathematics. According to Robert Phelps, the name "P. Orno" is a pseudonym that was inspired by "porno", an abbreviation for "pornography". Orno's short papers have been called "elegant" contributions to functional analysis. Orno's theorem on linear operators is important in the theory of Banach spaces. Research mathematicians have written acknowledgments that have thanked Orno for stimulating discussions and for Orno's generosity in allowing others to publish his results. The Mathematical Association of America's journals have also published more than a dozen problems whose solutions were submitted in the name of Orno.

Mathematical Association of America
The Mathematical Association of America (MAA) is a professional society that focuses on mathematics accessible at the undergraduate level. Members include university, college, and high school teachers; graduate and undergraduate students; pure and applied mathematicians; computer scientists; statisticians; and many others in academia, government, business, and industry.

The MAA was founded in 1915 and is headquartered at 11 Dupont in the Dupont Circle neighborhood of Washington, D.C. The organization publishes mathematics journals and books, including the American Mathematical Monthly (established in 1894 by Benjamin Finkel), the most widely read mathematics journal in the world according to records on JSTOR.
Ferris State Bulldogs
The Ferris State Bulldogs (FSU Bulldogs) are the athletic teams that represent Ferris State University, located in Big Rapids, Michigan, in NCAA Division II intercollegiate sporting competitions. The Bulldogs compete as members of the Great Lakes Intercollegiate Athletic Conference (GLAIC) for 14 of 15 varsity sports, while the men's hockey team, the only team that competes at the NCAA Division I level, plays in the Central Collegiate Hockey Association (CCHA). The Bulldogs have been members of the GLIAC since 1972.

Ferris' men's club ice hockey won the American Collegiate Hockey Association Division 2 national title in 1994, the men's basketball team won the NCAA Division II national title in 2018, and the football program won the Division II national title in 2021, 2022,  2024, and 2025.

2025 NCAA Division II football season
The 2025 NCAA Division II football season, part of college football in the United States organized by the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) at the Division II level, began on August 28 and ended on December 20 with the Division II championship at the McKinney Independent School District Stadium in McKinney, Texas.
1820 South Carolina gubernatorial election
The 1820 South Carolina gubernatorial election was held on December 7, 1820, in order to elect the Governor of South Carolina. Democratic-Republican candidate and incumbent member of the South Carolina Senate Thomas Bennett Jr. was elected by the South Carolina General Assembly against fellow Democratic-Republican candidate and former United States Senator from South Carolina John Taylor.

Thomas Bennett Jr.
Thomas Bennett Jr. (August 14, 1781 – January 30, 1865) was an American businessman, banker and politician, the 48th Governor of South Carolina from 1820 to 1822. A respected politician, he had served several terms in the state legislature since 1804, including four years as Speaker of the House, and a term in the state Senate.
Capt. Thomas Moore House
Capt. Thomas Moore House is a historic home located in the Queen Village neighborhood of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. It is located in between the Nathaniel Irish House, to the south, and Widow Maloby's Tavern, to the north. It was built in 1767, and is a 3+1⁄2-story, three bay brick rowhouse.  This house is believed to have been built by Nathaniel Irish.

It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1972. It is located in the South Front Street Historic District.

Widow Maloby's Tavern
The Widow Maloby's Tavern is an historic, American tavern building that is located in the Queen Village section of South Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Part of the South Front Street Historic District, it was added to the National Register of Historic Places on March 16, 1972.
Clarence B. Greaves
Clarence Budney Greaves (August 22, 1863 – August 1940) was an American lawyer and Democratic member of the Mississippi state legislature in the late 19th and early 20th centuries. He represented the Mississippi's 18th senatorial district in the Mississippi Senate from 1896 to 1900 and from 1912 to 1920, and represented Madison County in the Mississippi House of Representatives from 1904 to 1908.

Madison County, Mississippi
Madison County is a county located in the U.S. state of Mississippi. As of the 2020 census, the population was 109,145. The county seat is Canton. The county is named for Founding Father and U.S. President James Madison. Madison County is part of the Jackson, MS Metropolitan Statistical Area.
Ben T. Elliott
Bently Thomas "Ben" Elliott is an American writer who served as President Ronald Reagan’s director of speechwriting from 1982 to 1986. In this capacity he directed better known speechwriters like Peggy Noonan and Peter Robinson, both of whom he hired.

Peter Robinson (speechwriter)
Peter Mark Robinson (born April 18, 1957) is an American author, research fellow, television host and former speechwriter for then-Vice President George H. W. Bush and President Ronald Reagan. He is currently the host of Uncommon Knowledge, an interview show by Stanford's Hoover Institution. He is also a research fellow at the Hoover Institution, and a co-founder of the Ricochet website.
Nirma
Nirma is a conglomerate based in Ahmedabad, India, involved in the manufacture of various products, including detergents, soaps, cement, cosmetics, salt, soda ash, linear alkyl benzene, and injectables. It was founded in 1969 by Karsanbhai Patel, a laboratory technician, as a one-man operation.

Sodium carbonate
Sodium carbonate (also known as washing soda, soda ash, sal soda, and soda crystals) is the inorganic compound with the formula Na2CO3 and its various hydrates. All forms are white, odorless, water-soluble salts that yield alkaline solutions in water. Historically, it was extracted from the ashes of plants grown in sodium-rich soils, and because the ashes of these sodium-rich plants were noticeably different from ashes of wood (once used to produce potash), sodium carbonate became known as "soda ash". It is produced in large quantities from sodium chloride and limestone by the Solvay process, as well as by carbonating sodium hydroxide which is made using the chloralkali process.
Presbyterian Blue Hose men's basketball
The Presbyterian Blue Hose men's basketball team is the basketball team that represents Presbyterian College in Clinton, South Carolina, United States. The school's team currently competes in the Big South Conference. The Blue Hose are coached by Quinton Ferrell. The Blue Hose have never appeared in the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament.

Big South Conference
The Big South Conference is a collegiate athletic conference affiliated with the NCAA's Division I. Originally a non-football conference, the Big South began sponsoring football in 2002 as part of the Football Championship Subdivision (FCS), and began operating the OVC–Big South Football Association in partnership with the Ohio Valley Conference in 2023. The Big South, founded in 1983, is firmly rooted in the South Atlantic region of the United States, with full member institutions located in North Carolina, South Carolina, and Virginia. Associate members are located in Georgia and South Carolina.
Jozuah Revierre
Jozuah Revierre (born 20 April 2006) is a Dutch sprinter. He became the Dutch under-20 national record holder for the 100 metres in 2025, and was a silver medalist over 100 metres at the 2025 European Athletics U20 Championships.

2025 European Athletics U20 Championships
The 2025 European Athletics U20 Championships was the twenty-eighth edition of the biennial athletics competition between European  athletes under the age of twenty. The 2025 European Athletics U20 Championships were organized by European Athletics Association and held from 7–10 August 2025 in Tampere, Finland.
The Age of Seventeen
The Age of Seventeen (German: Die Siebzehnjährigen) is a 1929 German silent film directed by Georg Asagaroff and starring Grete Mosheim, Hans Adalbert Schlettow and Martin Herzberg. It was shot at the Terra Studios in Berlin. 
The film's art direction was by Hans Jacoby.

Hans Adalbert Schlettow
Hans Adalbert Schlettow (11 June 1888 – 30 April 1945) was a German film actor. Schlettow appeared in around a hundred and sixty films during his career, the majority during the silent era. Among his best-known film roles was Hagen von Tronje in Fritz Lang's film classic Die Nibelungen (1924). In 1929 he starred in the British director Anthony Asquith's film A Cottage on Dartmoor.

He was a member of the Militant League for German Culture and the National Socialist Factory Cell Organization. Schlettow died in the Battle of Berlin on the same day Adolf Hitler committed suicide.
News leak
A news leak is the unsanctioned release of confidential information to news media. It can also be the premature publication of information by a news outlet, of information that it has agreed not to release before a specified time, in violation of a news embargo.

Confidentiality
Confidentiality involves a set of rules or a promise sometimes executed through confidentiality agreements that limits the access to or places restrictions on the distribution of certain types of information.
Bernhard Eduardovich Petri
Bernhard Eduardovich Petri (Russian: Бернгард Эдуардович Петри; 17 September 1884 – 25 November 1937) was a Russian anthropologist and archaeologist. Petri organized archeology and ethnographic expeditions to Lake Baikal, while employed by the Kunstkamera during the 1910s.

Iron artifacts were discovered and used to propose the Kurumchi culture as the first Iron Age society of Baikalia. Petri became a professor at the Irkutsk State University and taught about the ancient history of the, Indigenous peoples of Siberia. He documented the cultures of several reindeer herding societies across the East Siberian taiga for Institute of the Peoples of the North throughout the 1920s and 1930s.

In 1937 Petri was executed by the NKVD during the Great Purge.

Institute of the Peoples of the North
The Institute of the Peoples of the North (Russian: Институт Народов Севера, romanized: Institut Narodov Severa) is a research and higher education institute based in Saint Petersburg. Its objective is to examine topics related to the northern minorities in the Soviet Union, and to prepare teachers for the northern boarding schools. One of the central figures involved in the research institute was Vladimir Bogoraz.