hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Albert Jan van den Berg
Albert Jan van den Berg (born 14 June 1949 in Amsterdam) is a founding partner of Hanotiau & van den Berg in Brussels (since 2001), an emeritus Professor of Law at the Erasmus University, Rotterdam, a visiting professor at Georgetown University Law Center, Washington DC and at the University of Tsinghua Archived 2018-08-10 at the Wayback Machine School of Law, Beijing and a member of the advisory board and Faculty of the Geneva Master of Laws in International Dispute Settlement (MIDS), Geneva.

Erasmus University Rotterdam
Erasmus University Rotterdam (Dutch: Erasmus Universiteit Rotterdam [eːˈrɑsmʏs ynivɛrsiˈtɛit rɔtərˈdɑm]; abbreviated as EUR) is a public research university located in Rotterdam, Netherlands. The university is named after Desiderius Erasmus Roterodamus, a 15th-century Christian humanist and theologian.

Erasmus MC, the teaching hospital and medical school of Erasmus University, is one of the largest medical institutions in Western Europe and the foremost medical and trauma centers in the Netherlands.
Lepraria caesiella
Lepraria caesiella is a species of leprose lichen in the family Stereocaulaceae. It forms a thin, gray-blue powdery crust composed of granular aggregations and lacks a true cortex or lobes. The species is widespread throughout northeastern North America, occurring primarily on tree bark, especially hardwoods like oaks, though it can also be found on non-calcareous rocks in sheltered locations. It was formally described by Richard C. Harris in 2005 and is characterized by its production of atranorin, zeorin, and pallidic acid. phylogenetics studies have helped distinguish it from the morphologically similar L. harrisiana, which was previously considered part of the same species.

Hardwood
Hardwood is wood from angiosperm trees. These are usually found in broad-leaved temperate and tropical forests. In temperate and boreal latitudes they are mostly deciduous, but in tropics and subtropics mostly evergreen. Hardwood (which comes from angiosperm trees) contrasts with softwood (which is from gymnosperm trees).
Bridget Harrison
Bridget Harrison (born 22 February 1971) is a freelance journalist and Contributing Editor at the Times Magazine. She is also an editor on the Times T2 and Times Weekend sections. She was the deputy editor of The London Paper.

The London Paper
The London Paper (stylised as thelondonpaper) was a free daily newspaper, published by NI Free Newspapers Ltd, a subsidiary of News International (who also own the companies that publish The Sun and The Times). It was available from Monday to Friday each week in Central London from 4 September 2006 until 18 September 2009 (its final print-run before closure).
New Hotel Carquinez
The New Hotel Carquinez or simply Hotel Carquinez is a registered historic place in Richmond, California. It is located in the Iron Triangle at 410 Harbor Way. It is named after the Carquinez Strait. The New Hotel Carquinez was the original name, and it was later changed to Hotel Don. The building currently functions as senior housing center. The hotel was the center of decision making for the city of Richmond prior to the construction of the Richmond Civic Center.

Richmond, California
Richmond is a city in western Contra Costa County, California, United States. The city was incorporated on August 3, 1905, and has a city council. Located in the San Francisco Bay Area's East Bay region, Richmond borders San Pablo, Albany, El Cerrito and Pinole in addition to the unincorporated communities of North Richmond, Hasford Heights, Kensington, El Sobrante, Bayview-Montalvin Manor, Tara Hills, and East Richmond Heights, and for a short distance San Francisco on Red Rock Island in the San Francisco Bay.

Richmond is one of two cities, the other being San Rafael, that sits on the shores of both San Francisco Bay and San Pablo Bay. Its population was 116,448 as of the 2020 United States census making it the second largest city in the United States named Richmond after Richmond, Virginia.
Liter of Light
Liter of Light is an open source design for a low-cost light tube (or deck prism or vault light) that refracts solar light to provide daytime interior lighting for dwellings with thin rooves. Daylighting is cheaper than using indoor electric lights during the day. The device is constructed simply, using a transparent two-liter bottle filled with water and a small amount of bleach to inhibit algal growth, and fitted into a hole in a roof. The device functions like a deck prism: during daytime the water inside the bottle refracts sunlight, delivering about as much light as a 40–60 watt incandescent bulb to the interior. A properly installed solar bottle can last up to 5 years.

Pavement light
Pavement lights (UK), vault lights (US), floor lights, or sidewalk prisms are flat-topped walk-on skylights, usually set into pavement (sidewalks) or floors to let sunlight into the space below. They often use anidolic lighting prisms to throw the light sideways under the building. They were developed in the 19th century, but declined in popularity with the advent of cheap electric lighting in the early 20th. Older cities and smaller centers around the world have, or once had, pavement lights. In the early 21st century, such lights are over a century old, although lights are being installed in some new construction.
1170 Syria earthquake
One of the largest earthquakes to hit Syria occurred early in the morning of 29 June 1170. It formed part of a sequence of large earthquakes that propagated southwards along the Dead Sea Transform, starting with the 1138 Aleppo earthquake, continuing with the 1157 Hama, 1170 and 1202 Syria events. The estimated magnitude is 7.7 on the moment magnitude scale, with the maximum intensity of X (Extreme) on the Mercalli intensity scale.

1157 Hama earthquake
After a year of foreshocks, an earthquake occurred on 12 August 1157 near the city of Hama, in west-central Syria (then under the Seljuk rule), where the most casualties were sustained. In eastern Syria, near the Euphrates, the quake destroyed the predecessor of the citadel al-Rahba, subsequently rebuilt on the same strategic site. The earthquake also affected Christian monasteries and churches in the vicinity of Jerusalem.
The Karen Carpenter Story
The Karen Carpenter Story is an American made-for-television biographical film about singer Karen Carpenter and the brother-and-sister pop music duo of which she was a part, The Carpenters. The film aired on CBS on January 1, 1989. Directed by Joseph Sargent, it starred Cynthia Gibb as Karen Carpenter, and Mitchell Anderson as her brother, Richard Carpenter, who served as a producer for the film as well as of the musical score.  After the movie aired, CBS featured a Read More About It segment with Richard Carpenter to recommend books associated with anorexia nervosa and bulimia.

Mitchell Anderson
Mitchell Ogren Anderson (born August 21, 1961) is an American character actor and chef.

Anderson was born in Jamestown, New York, to a retail store owner mother and a businessman father. He attended Jamestown High School and Williams College before going on to attend Juilliard School. In 1985, he appeared on the Bert Convy-hosted Super Password, where he won $400.  Anderson is openly gay and came out during the 1996 GLAAD Media Awards, after which point he became active with gay causes and the Human Rights Campaign. Anderson lives in Atlanta, Georgia, with his partner of many years Richie Arpino, and owns a restaurant called MetroFresh.
Erich Raddatz
Erich Raddatz (28 November 1886 – 16 February 1964) was a Berlin city politician and parliamentarian.   He was a founder member of the Communist Party, but was among those excluded from it in 1931 after openly opposing the leadership's adoption of Stalin's "social fascism" doctrine.   After the war he returned to the Social Democratic Party with which he had broken over its support for the war back in 1917.   He remained active in city politics well into his 70s, by which time he had become known to Berliners as "Papa Raddatz".

Social fascism
Social fascism was a theory developed by the Communist International (Comintern) in the late 1920s which saw social democracy as the "moderate wing of fascism", particularly on the basis of their shared interest in class collaboration. The theory was abandoned by the Comintern in 1933 after the victory of the Nazis in Germany and subsequent suppression of communists.

The Comintern argued that capitalism had entered a Third Period in which proletarian revolution was imminent, but could be prevented by social democrats and other "fascist" forces.
Road signs in Cuba
Road signs in Cuba are regulated in Ley No. 109 Código de Seguridad Vial and generally conform to the 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals.

Road signs in Cuba generally use the same pattern of colors, shapes, and symbols as set out in the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, which are used in most European countries. Cuba is the only signatory to the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals among the countries of the Caribbean. Cuba drives on the right.

Highway signs in Cuba generally use green for the four main motorways (the A1, A2, A3, A4, and their spur routes), and blue for state highways and motorways outside the major 4 (the I–3 and the Carretera Panamericana).

Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals
The Convention on Road Signs and Signals, commonly known as the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, is a multilateral treaty that establishes an international standard for signing systems for road traffic, such as road signs, traffic lights and road markings.

The Convention was agreed upon by the United Nations Economic and Social Council at its Conference on Road Traffic in Vienna, Austria from 7 October to 8 November 1968. Thirty-one countries signed the Convention on the final day of the conference, and it entered into force on 6 June 1978. This conference also produced the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic, which provides complementary standardising of international traffic laws.
Tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam
The tomb of Shah Rukn-e-Alam (Punjabi, Urdu: مقبرۂ شاہ رکن عالم) is the mausoleum of the 14th century Sufi saint Shah Rukn-e-Alam located in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. The shrine is considered to be the earliest example of Tughluq architecture, and is one of the most impressive shrines in the Indian subcontinent. The shrine attracts over 100,000 pilgrims to the annual urs festival that commemorates his death.

Shrine of Bahauddin Zakariya
The Shrine of Bahauddin Zakariya is a 13th-century shrine located in Multan, Punjab, Pakistan. The tomb is dedicated to the Sufi mystic Bahauddin Zakariya, of the Suhrawardiyya order of Sufism. It considered to be one of the most important Muslim shrines in the wider Punjab region, and is the prototype for Multan's classical architectural style.
Diztortion
Raoul Lionel Chen (born 2 November 1984), better known as Diztortion, is a Dutch-born songwriter and record producer, best known for his work with the UK artists Stylo G, Lethal Bizzle, Tinie Tempah and Sigma.

His first notable release was "Soundbwoy" by the Anglo-Jamaican dancehall artist Stylo G. In May 2015, Diztortion had notable success with Lethal Bizzle on "Fester Skank". The song reached number 11 in the OCC UK Charts. The record was also used in the BT Sport advertisement for the UEFA Champions League.

Stylo G
Jason Andre McDermott (born 16 July 1985 in Spanish Town, Jamaica), better known by his stage name Stylo G, is a British-Jamaican rapper, record producer, songwriter and singer known for his three hit singles "My Yout", "Call Mi a Leader" and "Soundbwoy". "Soundbwoy" peaked at number 18 on the UK Singles Chart. He also featured on the hit song "Come Over" by the British electronic group Clean Bandit. He also got famous for his collaboration with Divine for the song "Mirchi".
Jacques Duchesneau
Jacques Duchesneau, CM COM CQ MSM CD (born February 7, 1949) is a Canadian politician, civil servant, former chief of police, and former president and chief executive officer of the Canadian Air Transport Security Authority. Duchesneau was a member of the Quebec National Assembly for the riding of Saint-Jérôme from 2012 to 2014, elected under the Coalition Avenir Québec banner.

Saint-Jérôme (electoral district)
Saint-Jérôme is a provincial electoral district in the Laurentides region of Quebec, Canada that elects members to the National Assembly of Quebec.  Its territory corresponds exactly to the city of Saint-Jérôme.

It was created for the 2012 election from part of the former Prévost electoral district.  The Prévost electoral district consisted solely of the town of Prévost and of the city of Saint-Jérôme.  In the change from the 2001 to the 2011 electoral map, the eponymous municipality of Prévost was moved to the Bertrand electoral district; the Prévost electoral district became defunct and the remaining municipality of Saint-Jérôme became a separate new electoral district in its own right, named after itself.
Marcus Stock (rugby league)
Marcus Stock (born 1 May 1996) is an English professional rugby league footballer who plays as a second-row, loose forward and prop for the London Broncos in the Betfred Championship.

He previously played for the Hemel Stags in League 1, the York City Knights in the Championship, and on loan from York at the Coventry Bears in League 1. He also represented the London Padel team with his great friend Lionel Jefferson in 2025.

Hemel Stags
The Hemel Stags are an amateur rugby league club based in Hemel Hempstead, Hertfordshire. They were semi-professional and played in Betfred League 1 from 2013 until 2018. They withdrew from the professional system when their licence was purchased by Eric Perez and permission was granted by the RFL to relocate it, this would ultimately lead to Cornwall R.L.F.C. entering League 1. The extensive community rugby league teams at Hemel Stags were unaffected As such, Hemel Stags still ran an amateur team at the Southern Conference League East Division in the 2021 season.
Janet Mead
Janet Mead (15 August 1937 – 26 January 2022) was an Australian Catholic nun who was best known for recording a pop-rock version of the Lord's Prayer. The surprise hit reached Number 3 on the Australian singles chart (Kent Music Report) in 1974 and Number 4 on the Billboard Hot 100 in the same year. The single earned her a Grammy Award nomination and an Australian Gospel Music Awards in 2004. It sold over one and a half million copies and was awarded a gold disc by the RIAA on 8 April 1974. It was also certified gold in Australia.

Mead became the second woman to have a top 10 single on the Billboard Hot 100 chart whilst a nun. Sister Luc-Gabrielle (Jeanine Deckers), also called "Sœur Sourire" and "the Singing Nun", had a Number 1 pop hit in 1963 with "Dominique".

Mead taught music at St Aloysius College, Adelaide, where the music video for "The Lord's Prayer" was filmed. After recording, Mead continued to visit the school to teach the junior students basic music.

The Singing Nun
Jeanne-Paule Marie "Jeannine" Deckers (17 October 1933 – 29 March 1985), better known as Sœur Sourire (French for 'Sister Smile') and often called The Singing Nun in English-speaking countries, was a Belgian Catholic singer-songwriter and former member of the Dominican Order as Sister Luc Gabriel. In 1963, she acquired widespread fame with the release of the Belgian French song "Dominique", which topped the US Billboard Hot 100 and other charts, along with her debut album.

Owing partially to confusion over the terms of the recording contract, she was eventually reduced to poverty and also experienced a crisis of faith, leaving the order, though still remaining a Catholic. She died by suicide in 1985 with her life partner, Annie Pécher.
Poacher (TV series)
Poacher is an Indian Malayalam-language crime drama miniseries created by Richie Mehta. Starring Nimisha Sajayan, Roshan Mathew, Dibyendu Bhattacharya, Ankith Madhav, Kani Kusruti, Ranjitha Menon and Maala Parvathi, the series explores the issue of ivory poaching in India. The first three episodes premiered at the 2023 Sundance Film Festival, and on 23 February 2024, the series was released on Amazon Prime Video and received positive reviews from critics.

Set in 2015, the series is based on true events of ivory poaching that took place in Malayattoor, Vazhachal and Munnar forest divisions of Kerala, which had alleged involvement of transnational crime syndicates Triad and Yakuza, and the subsequent government action known as Operation Shikkar.

Dibyendu Bhattacharya
Dibyendu Bhattacharya (born 11 November 1975) is an Indian actor who works in Hindi cinema and Bengali cinema And Web Series. He is best known for his role in Dev D., Layak Talukdar in Criminal Justice, a Hotstar web series and DySP Barun Ghosh in Undekhi, a SonyLIV web series.
Ponvannan
Ponvannan (born Shanmugam; 23 September 1964) is an Indian actor and director who has worked in Tamil cinema and television. After beginning his career as an artist (painter), Ponvannan apprenticed as a director and writer under Bharathiraja. He subsequently made his directorial debut with Annai Vayal (1992), before making the critically acclaimed venture, Nadhi Karaiyinile (2003). He has since appeared as a supporting actor in films, winning acclaim for his role in films including Paruthiveeran (2007), Ayan (2009) and Kaaviya Thalaivan (2014). In October 2015, he was elected as the Vice President of the Nadigar Sangam alongside Karunas.

Karunas
Karunas (born as Karunanidhi Sethu; February 21, 1970) is an Indian actor, comedian, composer, playback singer and politician in the Tamil film industry. Appearing mostly in supporting roles, he has also played main lead roles in films including Dindigul Sarathy (2008) and Ambasamudram Ambani (2008). Apart from acting, Karunas has also been credited in films as a producer, music composer and singer, while he continues to serve as the Vice-President of the Nadigar Sangam, a trade union for actors, after being elected in October 2015.
Shalbandi
Shalbandi Sharif is an administrative unit, known as Union council of Buner District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

District Buner has 6 Tehsils i.e. Daggar, Chagharzai, Chamla, Khudu Khel, Gagra and Gadezai. Each tehsil comprises a certain number of union councils. There are 27 union councils in Buner District.

Chamla, Buner
Chamla is an administrative unit, known as tehsil of Buner District in the Khyber Pakhtunkhwa province of Pakistan.

District Buner has 6 Tehsils i.e. Daggar Chagharzai Chamla Khudu Khel Gagra Gadezai.. Each tehsil comprises certain numbers of union councils. There are 27 union councils in Buner District.
Home Again (New Edition album)
Home Again is the sixth studio album by American R&B/pop group New Edition. Released on September 10, 1996, it is the only album to date to feature all six members of New Edition—Bobby Brown, who had left the group in 1985, rejoined the lineup—and was their final recording for MCA Records. Highly anticipated, and being their first album since Heart Break (1988), the album debuted on the US Billboard 200 at number one, becoming the group's first album to open at number one, selling 227,000 in its first week sales. It also topped the Irish Albums Chart, and the US Billboard R&B Albums Chart as the group's first album in twelve years to do so since their self titled album in 1984. The album's success spawned four singles that collectively received moderate Billboard chart success. It was certified double platinum by the RIAA, for sales and shipments of over two million copies on February 4, 1997.

New Edition (album)
New Edition is the second studio album by American quintet New Edition, released on September 28, 1984, in North America. It was their first album on MCA Records. The album was certified double platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America. (RIAA) It was also their first album without manager/producer Maurice Starr who would depart from the group during the making of the album after the group accused him of stealing their monetary earnings from their platinum debut. The album was produced by Vincent Brantley & Rick Timas, Grammy-nominated producer Michael Sembello & Richard Rudolph, Ray Parker Jr. and Peter Bunetta and Rick Chudacoff. The album reached #6 on the Billboard 200 and #1 on the R&B/Hip Hop Albums Chart and the Irish Albums Chart (where it peaked for five weeks).

In the UK, the album was released on November 5, 1984.
Boyer River North
The rivière Boyer Nord (in English: Boyer North River) is a tributary of the northwest shore of the Boyer River, which flows northeast and empties on the south shore of the St. Lawrence River. The "Boyer North River" crosses the municipalities of Saint-Anselme, Saint-Henri and Bellechasse Regional County Municipality (MRC), in the administrative region of Chaudière-Appalaches, in Quebec, in Canada.

Saint-Henri, Chaudière-Appalaches, Quebec
Saint-Henri (French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ ɑ̃ʁi]) is a municipality of 5,611 people, 20 km south of Lévis, in the Bellechasse Regional County Municipality of Quebec, Canada. It is sometimes known as Saint-Henri-de-Lévis, and was historically known as Saint-Henri-de-Lauzon.

It used to belong to the former Desjardins Regional County Municipality, but decided to join Bellechasse in 2000 when the new city of Lévis was created. Saint-Henri felt it did not belong with a mostly urban RCM, and would fit better with Bellechasse, which has a largely rural base. Now, Saint-Henri is the biggest town in this RCM, followed by Saint-Anselme and Sainte-Claire. The Etchemin River crosses the municipality and one hydroelectric dam is found in Saint-Henri. On November 6, 1775, Benedict Arnold is said to have visited the village on his way to attack Quebec City. The largest local business is Olymel, a meat processing factory.
Espenberg volcanic field
Espenberg is a volcanic field in Alaska that contains the largest maars on Earth. It was active during the Pleistocene until 17,500 years BP, when a large eruption formed the 8 by 6 kilometres (5.0 mi × 3.7 mi) wide Devil Mountain Maar and deposited tephra over 2,500 square kilometres (970 sq mi), burying vegetation and forming the largest maar on Earth. Other maars in the field are the North and South Killeak Maars and Whitefish Maar, and Devil Mountain is a shield volcano.

The large size of these maars has been attributed to the interaction between permafrost and ascending magma, which favoured intense explosive eruptions. Soils buried underneath the Devil Mountain Maar tephra have been used to reconstruct the regional climate during the Last Glacial Maximum. The maars are part of the Bering Land Bridge National Preserve.

Explosive eruption
In volcanology, an explosive eruption is a volcanic eruption of the most violent type. A notable example is the 1980 eruption of Mount St. Helens. Such eruptions result when sufficient gas has dissolved under pressure within a viscous magma such that expelled lava violently froths into volcanic ash when pressure is suddenly lowered at the vent. Sometimes a lava plug will block the conduit to the summit, and when this occurs, eruptions are more violent. Explosive eruptions can expel as much as 1,000 kg (2,200 lb) per second of rocks, dust, gas and pyroclastic material, averaged over the duration of eruption, that travels at several hundred meters per second as high as 20 km (12 mi) into the atmosphere. This cloud may subsequently collapse, creating a fast-moving pyroclastic flow of hot volcanic matter.