hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Vladislava Kurjaković
Vladislava Kurjaković (c. 1303 – after 1346) was a Croatian noblewoman who was the duchess of Knin as the wife of duke Ivan Nelipić. She was a daughter of Kurjak Gusić, count of Krbava and a maternal niece of Ban of Croatia Paul I Šubić of Bribir. She was married to the Duke of Knin and Cetina Ivan Nelipić, with whom she had a son, Ivan.

Knin
Knin (pronounced [knîːn]) is a city in the Šibenik-Knin County of Croatia, located in the Dalmatian hinterland near the source of the river Krka, an important traffic junction on the rail and road routes between Zagreb and Split. Knin rose to prominence twice in history, as the capital of both the medieval Kingdom of Croatia and briefly of the self-proclaimed Republic of Serbian Krajina within the newly independent Republic of Croatia for the duration of the Croatian War of Independence from 1991 to 1995.
The Last of Mrs. Cheyney (1937 film)
The Last of Mrs. Cheyney is a 1937 American comedy drama film adapted from the 1925 Frederick Lonsdale play The Last of Mrs. Cheyney. The film tells the story of a chic jewel thief in England, who falls in love with one of her marks.

The movie stars Joan Crawford, William Powell, Robert Montgomery and Frank Morgan. When director Richard Boleslawski died suddenly in the middle of production, George Fitzmaurice took over, and when he became ill, the film was completed by Dorothy Arzner. Both Fitzmaurice and Arzner were uncredited.

Two other versions of the story were made: The Last of Mrs. Cheyney (1929), starring Norma Shearer, and The Law and the Lady (1951), starring Greer Garson.

Robert Montgomery (actor)
Robert Montgomery (/mɒntˈɡʌməri/; born Henry Montgomery Jr.; May 21, 1904 – September 27, 1981) was an American actor, director, and producer. He began his acting career on the stage, but was soon hired by Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer (MGM). Initially assigned roles in comedies, he soon proved he was able to handle dramatic ones, as well. He appeared in a wide variety of roles, such as the weak-willed prisoner Kent in The Big House (1930), the psychotic Danny in Night Must Fall (1937), and Joe, the boxer mistakenly sent to Heaven in Here Comes Mr. Jordan (1941). The last two earned him nominations for the Academy Award for Best Actor.

During World War II, he drove ambulances in France until the Dunkirk evacuation. When the United States entered the war on December 8, 1941, he enlisted in the Navy, and was present at the invasion at Normandy. After the war, he returned to Hollywood, where he worked in both films, and later, in television. He was also the father of actress Elizabeth Montgomery.
2012 Cheltenham Gold Cup
The 2012 Cheltenham Gold Cup (known as the Betfred Gold Cup for sponsorship reasons) was the 84th annual running of the Cheltenham Gold Cup horse race held at Cheltenham Racecourse on 16 March 2012.

Fourteen horses ran and the steeplechase was won by 8/1 shot Synchronised, who was trained by Jonjo O'Neill and ridden by Tony McCoy. Synchronised completed the course in a time of 6 minutes 36.19 seconds and won by a distance of 2¼ lengths from second-placed The Giant Bolster.

Kauto Star was attempting to win the Gold Cup for the third time and made a prominent start, but was weakened by a poor jump at the eighth fence and pulled-up by jockey Ruby Walsh before the tenth of the 22 fences.

The Gold Cup was sponsored by Betfred for the first time. Betfred had purchased The Tote, sponsors of the race since 1980, in June 2011.

Betfred
Betfred Group Holdings Limited is a bookmaker based in the United Kingdom, founded by Fred Done. It was first established as a single betting shop in Ordsall, Salford, in 1967. Its turnover in 2004 was reported to be more than £3.5 billion, having risen from £550 million in 2003 and has continued to grow to over £10 billion in 2018–2019. Following a drop in 2020 and 2021 as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic, published turnover for the year to September 2022 was £8.8 billion.

It has its head office is in Birchwood, Warrington, and also has offices in Media City, Salford Quays, Salford.

Betfred.com, the company's online gambling site, is based in Gibraltar and registered as Petfre (Gibraltar) Limited.
Lycée Français Victor Hugo de Port-Gentil
Lycée Français Victor Hugo de Port-Gentil is a French secondary international school in Port-Gentil, Gabon. It serves collège (junior high school) and lycée (senior high school) levels, and was established in 1990. In September 2014, it had 325 students.

The school is named after the 19th-century French writer Victor Hugo.

Secondary education in France
In France, secondary education is in two stages:

Collèges (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ]) cater for the first four years of secondary education from the ages of 11 to 14.

Lycées (French pronunciation: [lise]) provide a three-year course of further secondary education for students between the ages of 15 and 19 (although some lycées host higher education courses like CPGE or BTS). Pupils are prepared for the baccalauréat (French pronunciation: [bakaloʁea]; baccalaureate, colloquially known as bac, previously bachot), which can lead to higher education studies or directly to professional life. There are three main types of baccalauréat: the baccalauréat général, baccalauréat technologique and baccalauréat professionnel.
The Alphabeat (song)
"The Alphabeat" is an instrumental song performed by French DJ David Guetta from his fifth studio album, Nothing but the Beat (2011). The song was written by Guetta and Giorgio Tuinfort, whilst production of the song was helmed by Guetta, Tuinfort and Black Raw. "The Alphabeat" was released digitally on 26 Mar 2012, as the fourth promotional single from the album, following "Titanium", "Lunar" and "Night of Your Life", which were released as part of iTunes' countdown to the release of the album. "The Alphabeat" was released as a post-album promotional single, aimed at promoting the release of the Electronic Album in the United States.

Lunar (song)
"Lunar" is an instrumental by French disc jockey and record producer David Guetta in collaboration with Dutch music producer and DJ Afrojack, from Guetta's fifth studio album, Nothing but the Beat. The instrumental track was released digitally on 15 August 2011, as the second of three promotional singles from the album, following the song "Titanium".
Saurophaganax
Saurophaganax ("lord of lizard-eaters") is a dubious, chimeric genus of large saurischian dinosaur, possibly a sauropod, from the Late Jurassic (Kimmeridgian) Morrison Formation of Oklahoma, United States. This taxon was historically considered to represent a species of Allosaurus or very large allosaurid. However, re-examinations of the attributed specimens suggested that it is a chimera of multiple dinosaur genera, since some specimens most likely belong to a diplodocid sauropod, while the other referred specimens could be reassigned to a novel species of Allosaurus.

Kimmeridgian
In the geologic timescale, the Kimmeridgian is an age in the Late Jurassic Epoch and a stage in the Upper Jurassic Series. It spans the time between 154.8 ±0.8 Ma and 149.2 ±0.7 Ma (million years ago). The Kimmeridgian follows the Oxfordian and precedes the Tithonian.
Bus Bloc
The Bus Bloc, or Bloc de la Busira-Momboyo, was a huge concession in the Congo Free State, later the Belgian Congo, operated by the Société anonyme belge pour le commerce du Haut-Congo (SAB).
It covered land along and between the Busira River and Momboyo River.
In the early days the SAB exploited the local people ruthlessly in their demands for rubber, and many died.

Momboyo River
The Momboyo River (French: Rivière Momboyo) is a river in the Democratic Republic of the Congo. It joins the Busira River to form the Ruki River, a tributary of the Congo River.
The Momboya and its main tributary the Luilaka are navigable for 545 kilometres (339 mi) from its mouth.
Disputed government of South Carolina of 1876–1877
From December 1876 to April 1877, the Republican and Democratic parties in South Carolina each claimed to be the legitimate government. Both parties declared that the other had lost the election and that they controlled the governorship, the state legislature, and most state offices. Each government debated and passed laws, raised militias, collected taxes, and conducted other business as if the other did not exist. After four months of contested government, Daniel Henry Chamberlain, who claimed the governorship as a Republican, conceded to Democrat Wade Hampton III on April 11, 1877. This came after President Rutherford Hayes withdrew federal troops from the South.

Wade Hampton III
Wade Hampton III (March 28, 1818 – April 11, 1902) was an American politician from South Carolina. He was a prominent member of one of the richest families in the antebellum Southern United States, owning thousands of acres of cotton land in South Carolina and Mississippi, as well as thousands of slaves. He became a senior general in the Confederate Army of Northern Virginia during the American Civil War. He also  had a career as a leading Democratic Party politician in state and national affairs.

By 1877, at the end of the Reconstruction era, Hampton was a leader of the Redeemers, white Southerners who successfully fought to restore white supremacy in the state. His campaign for governor was marked by extensive violence by the Red Shirts, a white-supremacist paramilitary group that disrupted elections and suppressed black voters in the state. Hampton was elected governor, serving from 1876 to 1879. After that, he served two terms as U.S. Senator from 1879 to 1891.
Sagiv Dahan
Sagiv Dahan (born 1980) is an Israeli military officer who serves as the commander of the 162nd Division of the Israel Defense Forces (IDF).  Previously, he served as Chief of Staff of the Northern Command with the rank of brigadier general, as well as commander of the 460th Armored Training Brigade and the Samaria Brigade.

Northern Command (Israel)
The Northern Command (Hebrew: פִּקּוּד צָפוֹן, Pikud Tzafon, often abbreviated to Patzan) is a regional command in the Israel Defense Forces. The command, whose main headquarters is in Safed, is responsible for all the units located between Hermon and Netanya. The mission of the Northern Command is to protect Israel's northern borders with Syria and Lebanon.
Orquesta Broadway
Orquesta Broadway is a New York-based charanga (cuban music) band formed in 1962 by flautist Eddy Zervigón and his brothers Kelvin Zervigón (piano) and Rudy Zervigón (violin) and Roberto Torres (singer).They issued 20 albums and various recordings between 1964 and 2003.

Orquesta Broadway and Típica Novel are two popular New York latin music bands that continue to perform in the charanga format.

Some of the famous musicians initially involved were Monguito "El Único", a Cuban nasal-voiced singer (he patterned his vocal style on the Cuban sonero Miguelito Cuní), joined in 1962, when he moved to New York from Mexico, Ronnie Baro, 1992, co-founder of Africando and Roger Dawson, conga drummer (bongos are not typically used in charanga bands).

Their song "El Barrio del Pilar" is considered a type song for the 'marcha' rhythm of the conga drums in cuban music.

Roberto Torres (musician)
Roberto Torres (born 10 February 1938) is a Cuban singer, percussionist, bandleader and producer. Born in Güines, Cuba, he moved to the United States in 1959, where he became involved in the Latin music scenes of New York and Miami. In 1979, he founded two record labels, Guajiro Records and its subsidiary, SAR, both devoted to Cuban music. As a singer and musician, he is famous for his combination of Cuban and Colombian music, which he termed "charanga vallenata". His biggest hit was a cover version of Simón Díaz's "Caballo Viejo". He was a member of the Sonora Matancera for three years. He has also appeared in music documentaries such as Son sabrosón: antesala de la salsa.

On 2 June 2011, the Cuban-American community of Union City, New Jersey honored Torres with a star on the Walk of Fame at Celia Cruz Plaza.
Road signs in Switzerland and Liechtenstein
Road signs in Switzerland and Liechtenstein generally conform to the 1968 Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals. As a result, its road signs largely follow the general European conventions concerning the use of shape and color to indicate their function. Switzerland signed the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals on November 8, 1968 and ratified it on December 11, 1991. On March 2, 2020 Liechtenstein acceded to the Convention.

Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals
The Convention on Road Signs and Signals, commonly known as the Vienna Convention on Road Signs and Signals, is a multilateral treaty that establishes an international standard for signing systems for road traffic, such as road signs, traffic lights and road markings.

The Convention was agreed upon by the United Nations Economic and Social Council at its Conference on Road Traffic in Vienna, Austria from 7 October to 8 November 1968. Thirty-one countries signed the Convention on the final day of the conference, and it entered into force on 6 June 1978. This conference also produced the Vienna Convention on Road Traffic, which provides complementary standardising of international traffic laws.
Anandhi (film)
Anandhi (/ɑːnənði/) is a 1965 Indian Tamil-language drama film, directed by P. Neelakantan, and written by M. S. Solaimuthu. The film stars S. S. Rajendran and C. R. Vijayakumari, with M. R. Radha, M. N. Nambiar, Nagesh, Manorama, S. V. Sahasranamam V. K. Ramasamy and Manimala playing supporting roles. It was released on 27 December 1965, and performed averagely.

V. K. Ramasamy (actor)
Virudhunagar Kanthan Ramasamy (1 January 1926 – 24 December 2002)  better known as VKR was an Indian actor, comedian and film producer who was known for his versatility in various character roles, he played in Tamil films from 1947 to 2001.
Gene Ruggiero
Gene S. Ruggiero (June 20, 1910 – February 19, 2002) was an American film editor. Originally a golf caddy at an exclusive New York country club, Ruggiero was fired from his job and later went to Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer where he was assigned the job of editing. He was initially unhappy with his job and would often skip working to play golf, demoted to assistant editor due to this.

Ruggiero came to prominence after editing the 1939 film Ninotchka. As nobody else would edit the film due to Ernst Lubitsch's reputation, the job was assigned to Ruggiero. He received his first credit on the film, and continued as an editor for the rest of his career. Ruggiero earned an Academy Award for Best Film Editing in 1956 for his work on Around the World in 80 Days, which he shared with Paul Weatherwax. He was also nominated for an Academy Award in 1955 for his editing on Oklahoma!, which he shared with George Boemler.

Ninotchka
Ninotchka is a 1939 American romantic comedy film made for Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer by producer and director Ernst Lubitsch and starring Greta Garbo and Melvyn Douglas. It was written by Billy Wilder, Charles Brackett and Walter Reisch, based on a story by Melchior Lengyel. Ninotchka marked the first comedy role for Garbo, and her penultimate film; she received her third and final Academy Award nomination for Best Actress.

In 1990, Ninotchka was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant". It has been listed as one of the greatest films of all time by Empire in 2008 and Time in 2011. Ninotchka has a 95% rating on the review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, based on 40 reviews.
Catherine Falade
Catherine Olufunke Falade (née Falodun) is a professor of pharmacology and therapeutics and also the director of the Institute for Advanced Medical Research &  Training at the College of Medicine at the  University of Ibadan in Nigeria.
She is also a healthcare practitioner specializing as a pharmacologist at the University College Hospital, Ibadan.
Her research interest focuses on malaria in children. She collaborates with the Malaria Control Units of both the State and Federal Ministries of Health.

Therapy
A therapy or medical treatment is the attempted remediation of a health problem, usually following a medical diagnosis. Both words, treatment and therapy, are often abbreviated tx, Tx, or Tx.

As a rule, each therapy has indications and contraindications.  There are many different types of therapy.  Not all therapies are effective.  Many therapies can produce unwanted adverse effects.

Treatment and therapy are often synonymous, especially in the usage of health professionals. However,  in the context of mental health, the term therapy may refer specifically to psychotherapy.

A therapist is a person who offers any modality of therapy. Therapist refers to trained professionals engaged in providing services any kind of treatment or rehabilitation.
Daniel Mortimer
Daniel Mortimer (born 13 June 1989) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who last played as a hooker, scrum-half or stand-off for the Leigh Centurions in the Championship. He previously played for the Parramatta Eels, Gold Coast Titans, Sydney Roosters and the Cronulla-Sutherland Sharks. Mortimer was a Prime Minister's XIII representative and won the 2013 NRL Grand Final with the Roosters.

2013 NRL Grand Final
The 2013 NRL Grand Final was the conclusive and premiership-deciding game of the 2013 NRL season. Played on Sunday, 6 October at Sydney's ANZ Stadium between the minor premiers Sydney Roosters and the Manly Warringah Sea Eagles. The Roosters won the match 26–18 to claim their 13th premiership title, and became the first team since the St George Illawarra Dragons in 2010 to win both the minor premiership and the premiership in the same season.
Jay Varady
Jay Varady (born September 16, 1977) is an American former ice hockey player and current assistant coach for the Philadelphia Flyers of the National Hockey League (NHL). Prior to joining the NHL coaching ranks, Varady coached the Sioux City Musketeers in the United States Hockey League (USHL), the Kingston Frontenacs in the Ontario Hockey League (OHL), and the Tucson Roadrunners in the American Hockey League (AHL). He played college ice hockey for the Union Dutchmen.

Kingston Frontenacs
The Kingston Frontenacs are a Canadian major junior ice hockey team in the Ontario Hockey League, based in Kingston, Ontario. The Frontenacs play home games at Slush Puppie Place, which opened in 2008. The team's history predates the Ontario Hockey League, to a team known as the Kingston Victorias in 1945. This current Frontenacs franchise was founded in the Ontario Hockey Association in 1973–74, then known as the Kingston Canadians until 1987–88. The team was briefly known as the Kingston Raiders in 1988–89, and as the Frontenacs since.
Recontextualisation
Recontextualisation is a process that extracts text, signs or meaning from its original context (decontextualisation) and reuses it in another context. Since the meaning of texts, signs and content is dependent on its context, recontextualisation implies a change of meaning and redefinition. The linguist Per Linell defines recontextualisation as: "the dynamic transfer-and-transformation of something from one discourse/text-in-context ... to another."

Scholars have theorized a number of theoretical conceptions of recontextualisation, each highlighting different aspects of the reusing of texts, signs, and meaning from its original context.

Context
In semiotics, linguistics, sociology and anthropology, context refers to those objects or entities which surround a focal event, in these disciplines typically a communicative event, of some kind. Context is "a frame that surrounds the event and provides resources for its appropriate interpretation".: 2–3  It is thus a relative concept, only definable with respect to some focal event within a frame, not independently of that frame.
Alberto Di Bernardo
Alberto Di Bernardo (born 4 November 1980 in Rosario, Argentina) is an Italian/Argentine rugby union player, who gained four caps for Italy in 2013. He played club rugby for Treviso in Celtic League, Leeds Carnegie in Premiership Rugby and for Bourgoin in the Top 14. His usual position is at fly-half and he has played for Italy A.

He played for Italy ‘A’ in the side that were beaten by Tonga 33-27 in November 2005, his kicking helping to keep up the pressure on Tonga.

In 2007 he started his life as a Leeds Carnegie player and secured them a place in the top flight of English rugby, the Guinness Premiership. After bouncing back between the top and second division, he decided to leave Leeds behind and take on the challenge of playing for Bourgoin in the Top 14.

Bourgoin-Jallieu
Bourgoin-Jallieu (French pronunciation: [buʁɡwɛ̃ ʒaljø] ⓘ; Arpitan: Brégon) is a commune in the Isère department in the region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in France. The city had 28,834 inhabitants in 2019 and lies 35 kilometres east-southeast of Lyon. It was formed by the merger of the former communes Bourgoin and Jallieu in 1965.
Mie kangkung
Mie kangkung (lit. 'kangkung noodle'), is an Indonesian vegetable noodle soup with kangkung (water spinach), usually served with bakso meatball and mushroom. It is a specialty of Betawi cuisine, Jakarta, Indonesia. The yellow egg noodles come with a brown-colored thick soup, made of chicken or beef broth, which is thickened with tapioca, spiced, and mixed with garlic and kecap manis (sweet soy sauce). Other ingredients include bakso meatballs, bean sprouts, mushrooms, hard-boiled quail eggs and sprinkled with bawang goreng (fried shallots) and added with a dash of kaffir lime juice and sambal.

Broth
Broth, also known as bouillon (French pronunciation: [bujɔ̃] ⓘ), is a savory liquid made of water in which meat, fish, or vegetables have been simmered for a period of time. It can be eaten alone, but it is most commonly used to prepare other dishes, such as soups, gravies, and sauces.

Commercially prepared liquid broths are available, typically chicken, beef, fish, and vegetable varieties. Dehydrated broth in the form of bouillon cubes was commercialized beginning in the early 20th century.
Anton Malatinský
Anton Malatinský (15 January 1920 – 1 December 1992) was a Slovak football player and coach. He was a technically adept playmaking midfielder and, as a coach, he was regarded as a good strategist.

Malatinský won two Czechoslovak First League titles as a player and a further three as manager. In his coaching capacity he also led his teams to the Mitropa Cup and two Czechoslovak Cups.

Czechoslovak First League
The Czechoslovak First League (Czech: 1. fotbalová liga, Slovak: 1. futbalová liga) was the premier football league in Czechoslovakia from 1925 to 1993, with the exception of World War II. Czechoslovakia was occupied by German forces who formed Gauliga Sudetenland and Gauliga Böhmen und Mähren leagues on occupied territories. Until the 1934-35 season, no teams from Slovakia participated in the league.

Czechs were allowed to run their own league in the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia, while Slovaks were granted their own independent Slovak State and created their own league. After the World War II the league was recreated.
Crotonic acid
Crotonic acid ((2E)-but-2-enoic acid) is a short-chain unsaturated carboxylic acid described by the formula CH3CH=CHCO2H.  The name crotonic acid was given because it was erroneously thought to be a saponification product of croton oil. It crystallizes as colorless needles from hot water. With a cis-alkene, Isocrotonic acid is an isomer of crotonic acid. Crotonic acid is soluble in water and many organic solvents. Its odor is similar to that of butyric acid.

Butyric acid
Butyric acid (/bjuːˈtɪrɪk/; from Ancient Greek: βούτῡρον, meaning "butter"), also known under the systematic name butanoic acid, is a straight-chain alkyl fatty acid with the chemical formula CH3CH2CH2COOH. It is an oily, colorless liquid with an unpleasant odor. Isobutyric acid (2-methylpropanoic acid) is an isomer. Salts and esters of butyric acid are known as butyrates or butanoates. The acid does not occur widely in nature, but its esters are widespread. It is a common industrial chemical and an important component in the mammalian gut.