hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Fall of Saruj
The Fall of Saruj in 1145 saw the main surviving Frankish fortress of Edessa fall to the Zengids.

Following the capture of Edessa in 1144, the Zengid ruler, Imad al-din Zengi, wanted to exploit his victory by clearing the remaining Crusader fortresses on the east of the Euphrates, which was his main goal. In early January 1145, Zengi marched towards Saruj. The Crusader garrison and the inhabitants evacuated the town to Birecik before the arrival of the Zengids. Zengi captured the city without a fight. Zengi went to besiege Birecik after that, but after three months of siege, he retreated.

Siege of Edessa (1144)
The siege of Edessa took place from 28 November to 24 December 1144, resulting in the fall of the capital of the County of Edessa to Zengi, the atabeg of Mosul and Aleppo. This event was the catalyst for the Second Crusade.
Greatest Hits (Nazareth album)
Greatest Hits is a compilation album by the Scottish hard rock band Nazareth, released in 1975.  By this time Nazareth had experienced considerable success with albums and singles.  This compilation showcased tracks from the band's third album Razamanaz through their sixth album Hair of the Dog, as well as some non-album singles.

As part of the remastering of Nazareth's back-catalogue by Castle Communications in the mid-1990s, the original album was expanded in 1996 to encompass the self-titled first album through to the ninth studio offering, Expect No Mercy, whilst retaining the original running-order of the vinyl release.

As part of the same CD-remastering programme, Greatest Hits Volume II was released in 1998, on CD only. This covered the later period of the band.

Castle Communications
Castle Communications, also known as Castle Music, was a British independent record label and home video distributor founded in 1983 by Terry Shand, Cliff Dane, and Jon Beecher. Its video imprint was called Castle Vision.  The label's production ceased in 2007, and its remaining rights are now chiefly vested in BMG Rights Management. Castle also operated a subsidiary label, Essential Records.
C. Ngunlianchunga
C. Ngunlianchunga (born 22 September 1960) is an Indian politician from Mizoram. He is three time consecutive member of the Mizoram Legislative Assembly from Lawngtlai West constituency of Lawngtlai district. He was elected in the 2023 Mizoram Legislative Assembly election representing the Indian National Congress.

Lawngtlai West Assembly constituency
Lawngtlai West is one of the 40 Legislative Assembly constituencies of Mizoram state in India. It was established in 2008 after the passing of the Delimitation of Parliamentary and Assembly Constituencies Order, 2008.

It is part of Lawngtlai district, and is reserved for candidates belonging to the Scheduled Tribes. As of 2023, it is represented by C. Ngunlianchunga of the Indian National Congress party.
Petalocrinidae
Petalocrinidae is an extinct family of cladid crinoids from the Early Ordovician to Lower Devonian. Fossils of petalocrinoids have been found in China, Europe and the United States.

All petalocrinoids have five, flattened arms formed through the fusion of the branches of the ancestral crinoid arm, an Ordovician crinoid possibly similar to the Silurian Gissocrinus or Arachnocrinus.  The shape of these fused arms varies from genus to genus, and from species to species.  The upper surface of the arms had distinctive patterns of grooves which are thought to have borne captured food particles towards the mouth.  The purpose of the arms, themselves, remain unknown, though, some researchers suspect that they may deterred predators by presenting a would-be attacker with a largely inedible chunk of calcite.

Cladida
Cladida is a major subgroup of crinoids with a complicated taxonomic history. Cladida was originally applied to a wide assortment of extinct crinoids with a dicyclic calyx. Under this original definition, cladids would represent a paraphyletic order ancestral to several other major crinoid groups, particularly the living Articulata. More recently, Cladida has been redefined as a monophyletic parvclass of pentacrinoids which encompasses articulates and the extinct Flexibilia (flexibles). Cladids also include various minor taxa such as the hybocrinids and "cyathocrines". As flexibles were not originally considered cladids, the new subgroup Eucladida has been erected for cladids which are more derived than flexibles. Cladida is the sister group to Disparida, another large group of extinct crinoids.
Epiphany: The Best of Chaka Khan, Vol. 1
Epiphany: The Best of Chaka Khan, Vol. 1 is a compilation album of recordings by American R&B/funk singer Chaka Khan, first released on the Warner Bros. Records label in 1996. Although the compilation, which reached #22 on Billboard's R&B chart and #84 on Pop, was given the "Vol. 1" tag, it remains without a sequel to date.

The compilation would be re-issued by Warner's sublabel Reprise Records in 1999 with alternative cover art under the title I'm Every Woman - The Best of Chaka Khan. The collection was again re-issued as Epiphany: The Best of Chaka Khan, Vol. 1 in 2005, then also on the Reprise label.

Reprise Records
Reprise Records is an American record label founded in 1960 by Frank Sinatra. It is owned by Warner Music Group, and operates through Warner Records, one of its flagship labels.

Artists currently signed to Reprise Records include Green Day, Enya, Michael Bublé, Eric Clapton, Stevie Nicks, Neil Young, Deftones, Lindsey Buckingham, Josh Groban, Disturbed, Idina Menzel, My Chemical Romance, Gerard Way, Dwight Yoakam, Never Shout Never, and Billy Strings.
Otto von Böhtlingk
Otto von Böhtlingk (Russian: Оттон Николаевич Бётлингк, romanized: Otton Nikolayevich Byotlingk; 30 May [O.S. 11 June] 1815 – 19 March [O.S. 1 April] 1904) was a Russian-German Indologist and Sanskrit scholar. His magnum opus was a Sanskrit-German dictionary.

Masterpiece
A masterpiece, magnum opus (Latin for 'great work'), or chef-d'œuvre (French for 'master of work'; pl. chefs-d'œuvre; French: [ʃɛ.d‿œvʁ]) is a creation that has been given much critical praise, especially one that is considered the greatest work of a person's career or a work of outstanding creativity, skill, profundity, or workmanship.

Historically, a "masterpiece" was a work of a very high standard produced by an apprentice to obtain full membership, as a "master", of a craft guild or academy in various areas of the visual arts and crafts.
The Shining Hour
The Shining Hour is a 1938 American romantic drama film directed by Frank Borzage, based on the 1934 play The Shining Hour by Keith Winter, and starring Joan Crawford and Margaret Sullavan. The supporting cast of the MGM film features Robert Young, Melvyn Douglas, Fay Bainter and Hattie McDaniel.

Fay Bainter
Fay Okell Bainter (December 7, 1893 – April 16, 1968) was an American film and stage actress. She won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress for Jezebel (1938) and has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame.
Floriana–Valletta rivalry
The rivalry between Valletta F.C. and Floriana F.C. is a notable one in Maltese football as both clubs are recognised for having great history and traditions, and moreover, the respective localities of Valletta, the capital city of Malta and Floriana, its immediate suburb, are adjacent to each other.

The rivalry is characterised by a tight head-to-head tally in terms of the Maltese Premier League, with Valletta having won 25 competitions, and Floriana having won 26.

Floriana
Floriana (Maltese: Il-Furjana or Il-Floriana), also known by its title Borgo Vilhena, is a fortified town in the Port Region area of Malta, just outside the capital city Valletta. It has a population of 2,205 as of March 2014. Floriana is the birthplace of many famous Maltese, amongst which the composer of the national anthem, 'L-Innu Malti', Robert Samut; former Bishop of Malta Dun Mauro Caruana, the poets Oliver Friggieri and Maria Grech Ganado, the writer and politician Herbert Ganado and Swedish Idol winner Kevin Borg.
Not Going Quietly
Not Going Quietly is a 2021 American documentary film, directed by Nicholas Bruckman and produced by Amanda Roddy, following Ady Barkan, embarking on a national campaign for healthcare reform. Mark Duplass, Jay Duplass and Bradley Whitford serve as executive producers.

It had its world premiere at South by Southwest on March 17, 2021, where it won the Special Jury Award for Humanity in Social Action and the Audience Award in the Documentary Feature Competition. It was released on August 13, 2021, by Greenwich Entertainment.

Greenwich Entertainment
Greenwich Entertainment, founded in 2017, is an independent film distribution company specializing in narrative and documentary feature films. The company released Jimmy Chin and Chai Vasarhelyi’s Academy Award-Winning Documentary Free Solo, which grossed over $17M at the US box office, Andrew Slater’s Echo in the Canyon, which opened to the highest per-theater-average of any documentary in 2019, and Linda Ronstadt: The Sound of My Voice by Rob Epstein and Jeffrey Friedman.
Vaacha: Museum of Voice
The Vaacha: Museum of Voice is an indigenous museum located in Tejgadh village, Gujarat. The museum is part of a larger initiative called the Adivasi Academy, which is an offshoot of the Bhasha Research and Publication Centre based in Vadodara. The museum aims to preserve Adivasi history and culture which otherwise historically has been undocumented because most indigenous communities do not have a written script and therefore much of their traditions and worldview are at risk of decaying. The present director of the initiative is the visual artist and craft revivalist Madan Meena.

Some of the notable visitors and dignitaries include Mahasweta Devi, Rajmohan Gandhi, Ramachandra Guha, and Gail Omvedt, amongst others.

Vadodara
Vadodara (Gujarati: [ˌʋəˈɖo.d̪ɾɐ̯] ⓘ), also known as Baroda, is a city on the banks of the Vishwamitri River in the Indian state of Gujarat. It serves as the administrative headquarters of the Vadodara district. The city is named for its abundance of banyan (vad) trees. Vadodara is also locally referred to as the Sanskrutik Nagari (transl. 'Cultural City') and Kala Nagari (transl. 'City of Art') of India.

The city is prominent for landmarks such as the Laxmi Vilas Palace, which served as the residence of the Maratha royal Gaekwad dynasty that ruled over Baroda State. It is also the home of the Maharaja Sayajirao University of Baroda.
Career Woman (film)
Career Woman is a 1936 American drama film directed by Lewis Seiler and written by Lamar Trotti. The film stars Claire Trevor, Michael Whalen, Isabel Jewell, Eric Linden, Virginia Field and Gene Lockhart. The film was released on December 18, 1936, by 20th Century Fox.

Isabel Jewell
Isabel Jewell (July 19, 1907 – April 5, 1972) was an American actress, who rose to prominence in the 1930s and early 1940s. Some of her more famous films were Ceiling Zero, Marked Woman, A Tale of Two Cities, Lost Horizon, and Gone with the Wind.
Rob Swift
Rob Swift (born Robert Aguilar; May 14, 1972) is an American hip hop DJ and turntablist. He was an original member of the turntablist group The X-Ecutioners until 2004. Over his career, he has released numerous solo albums and collaborated with various artists, including Mike Patton, Patton's project Peeping Tom, Dan the Automator and Handsome Boy Modeling School, Lords of Acid, Portugal. The Man, and Herbie Hancock.

From January 2010 through May 2015, Swift hosted the online hip-hop radio show Dope on Plastic on Scion A/V Streaming Radio 17.

In August 2012, Swift became the resident DJ for a new late night college sports TV talk show on ESPNU called UNITE.

Dan the Automator
Daniel M. Nakamura (born August 29, 1966), better known by his stage name Dan the Automator, is an American record producer. He is the founder of the publishing company Sharkman Music and the record label 75 Ark.
Sharon Nicholson
Sharon E. Nicholson is a meteorology professor at Florida State University (FSU) in the Department of Earth, Ocean and Atmospheric Science. Nicholson has been teaching about and researching climates of Africa. Nicholson has earned the Humboldt Award, the Fulbright Global Scholar award, a National Science Foundation Award.

Fulbright Association
The Fulbright Association is an American 501(c)(3) non-profit organization whose members are Fulbright Program alumni and friends of international education. Established on February 27, 1977, the association supports and promotes international educational and cultural exchange and the ideal most associated with the Fulbright name—mutual understanding among the peoples of the world.
Heinz Plank
Heinz Plank, born 13 October 1945 in Bad Elster, Vogtlandkreis, Saxony, is a German painter, draughtsman and graphic artist. He studied under Wolfgang Mattheuer and Werner Tübke at the Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig from 1967 to 1972. He is associated with the middle generation of the Leipzig School. His paintings use a mixture of traditional elements and modern abstraction. They have a recurring sense of bitterness and apocalypse.

Wolfgang Mattheuer
Wolfgang Mattheuer (7 April 1927—7 April 2004) was a German painter, graphic artist and sculptor. Together with Werner Tübke and Bernhard Heisig he was a leading representative of the Leipzig School, a figurative art current in East Germany. He came to prominence with allegorical, pessimistic and sometimes heroic paintings which were accused of expressing political dissidence. He was later an open critic of both socialism and capitalism. He taught at the Hochschule für Grafik und Buchkunst Leipzig (HGB) for many years. In 1974 he resigned from his position as professor at the HGB to work as a freelance painter. In 1988 he left the Socialist Unity Party of Germany.

In the West he was for a long time seen as an untrendy Sunday painter, but a large retrospective held in Chemnitz for his 75th birthday raised his profile. He was married to the painter Ursula Mattheuer-Neustädt.
Blencow
Blencow or Blencowe is a small village near Penrith, Cumbria, England. It is divided by the River Petteril into Great Blencow to the south and Little Blencow to the north. Great Blencow is in the civil parish of Dacre while Little Blencow is within Greystoke parish.

Greystoke, Cumbria
Greystoke is a village and civil parish on the edge of the Lake District National Park in Cumbria, England, about 4 miles (6.4 km) west of Penrith. At the 2001 census the parish had a population of 642, increasing marginally to 654 at the 2011 Census. The village centres on a green surrounded by stone houses and cottages.
R418 road (Ireland)
The R418 road is a regional road in Ireland, which runs north-south from the R448 at Kilcullen to Athy, County Kildare, and then to the N81 in Tullow, County Carlow.

En route it meets and shortly later leaves the N78 in the town of Athy, and also crosses R448 in the town of Castledermot. The section between Athy and Kilcullen was formerly part of the N78 until the latter was rerouted to Mullamast as part of the M9 motorway project.

The route is 60 km (37 mi) long.

M9 motorway (Ireland)
The M9 motorway (Irish: Mótarbhealach M9) is a motorway in Ireland linking the M7 between Naas and Newbridge near  Kilcullen to Waterford.  Opened in sections between 1994 and 2010, the final section opened on 9 September 2010.

Prior to July 2008, the majority of the M9 – from Junction 2 onwards – was to be built as High Quality Dual Carriageway (HQDC). Due to the passing of a Statutory Instrument in that month, a large section of the route was re-designated to motorway standard. The section included the motorway between Kilcullen and Powerstown and the Carlow bypass. The remainder of the route has since been redesignated.
Suda
The Suda or Souda (/ˈsuːdə/; Medieval Greek: Σοῦδα Soûda [ˈsuða]; Latin: Suidae Lexicon) is a large 10th-century Byzantine encyclopedia of the ancient Mediterranean world, formerly attributed to an author called Soudas (Σούδας) or Souidas (Σουίδας). It is an encyclopedic lexicon, written in Greek, with 30,000 entries, many drawing from ancient sources that have since been lost, and often derived from medieval Christian compilers.

Lexicon
A lexicon (pl. lexicons, rarely lexica) is the vocabulary of a language or branch of knowledge (such as nautical or medical).  In linguistics, a lexicon is a language's inventory of lexemes. The word lexicon derives from Greek word λεξικόν (lexikon), neuter of λεξικός (lexikos) meaning 'of or for words'.

Linguistic theories generally regard human languages as consisting of two parts: a lexicon, essentially a catalogue of a language's words (its wordstock); and a grammar, a system of rules which allow for the combination of those words into meaningful sentences. The lexicon is also thought to include bound morphemes, which cannot stand alone as words (such as most affixes). In some analyses, compound words and certain classes of idiomatic expressions, collocations and other phrasemes are also considered to be part of the lexicon. Dictionaries are lists of the lexicon, in alphabetical order, of a given language; usually, however, bound morphemes are not included.
Takayuki Nakamura
Takayuki Nakamura (中村隆之, Nakamura Takayuki, born July 19, 1967) is a Japanese video game music composer and musician, who worked at Sega from 1989 to 1996 and contributed to games such as OutRunners and the Virtua Fighter series. After leaving in 1996, he joined Dream Factory and composed for Tobal 2 and Ehrgeiz. He founded the music production company Brainstorm Co. Ltd. in 1999, where he has most notably worked on the Lumines series and Rodea the Sky Soldier.

Rodea the Sky Soldier
Rodea the Sky Soldier is an action-adventure game developed by Prope for the Wii and Kadokawa Games for the Wii U and Nintendo 3DS. The game stars Rodea, an android who possesses the ability to fly and a "heart". These traits result in Rodea becoming a soldier in order to fulfill his promise of protecting the kingdom of Garuda, a series of islands that float in the sky, from the ground-based Naga Empire and its leader, Emperor Geardo. Although development was completed in 2011, Rodea the Sky Soldier went unreleased for four years until it finally saw a release in Japan in April 2015, and then a subsequent worldwide release in November 2015. The Wii version was the last game released for that platform in Japan.
GEM of Egypt
The GEM of Egypt was a power shovel built by Bucyrus-Erie in 1966. The shovel was designed for strip mining at the Egypt Valley coalfield near Barnesville, Ohio. GEM is an acronym for “Giant Earth Mover” or “Giant Excavating Machine”.  It was one of only two Bucyrus-Erie 1950-B shovels built (the other being The Silver Spade) and one of two to use the knee-action  crowd licensed from Marion Power Shovel in exchange for Marion's use of Bucyrus-Erie's cable crowd patent.

In a power shovel, "crowding" is pushing the bucket at the end of a "handle" ("dipper" or "dipper stick") in or out to control the depth of cut or to position for dumping. With knee action, the handle is connected to a moveable pivot point rather than being supported directly by the boom. Knee-action design made possible the largest shovel ever built, increased digging power, allowed the bucket to move horizontally into the cut and improved swing efficiency, distance, and radius.

Barnesville, Ohio
Barnesville is a village in Belmont County, Ohio, United States. It is located in the central portion of Warren Township. The population was 4,008 at the 2020 census. Barnesville is part of the Wheeling metropolitan area.
Diabolus in Musica
Diabolus in Musica (Latin for "The Devil in Music") is the eighth studio album by American thrash metal band Slayer, released on June 9, 1998, by American Recordings. Guitarist Jeff Hanneman wrote most of the album's content, which has been described as Slayer's most experimental. It was the band's first album to be played mostly in C♯ tuning, and named after a musical interval known for its dissonance. Lyrical themes explored on the album include religion, sex, cultural deviance, death, insanity, war, and homicide.

Despite receiving mixed reviews from critics, Diabolus in Musica peaked at number 31 on the Billboard 200, selling over 46,000 copies in its first week of sales. By 2009, it had sold over 306,000 copies in the United States.

Consonance and dissonance
In music, consonance and dissonance are categorizations of simultaneous or successive sounds. Within the Western tradition, some listeners associate consonance with sweetness, pleasantness, and acceptability, and dissonance with harshness, unpleasantness, or unacceptability, although there is broad acknowledgement that this depends also on familiarity and musical expertise. The terms form a structural dichotomy in which they define each other by mutual exclusion: a consonance is what is not dissonant, and a dissonance is what is not consonant. However, a finer consideration shows that the distinction forms a gradation, from the most consonant to the most dissonant. In casual discourse, as German composer and music theorist Paul Hindemith stressed,

"The two concepts have never been completely explained, and for a thousand years the definitions have varied".

The term sonance has been proposed to encompass or refer indistinctly to the terms consonance and dissonance.
Musik von Harmonia
Musik von Harmonia is the debut album from the influential German krautrock group Harmonia, released in January 1974 by Brain Records. Formed by the addition of Neu! guitarist Michael Rother to Cluster (the duo of Hans-Joachim Roedelius and Dieter Moebius), they recorded the album from June to November 1973 in Cluster's Forst recording studio. It was self-produced by the group using a primitive mixer and three tape recorders.

Michael Rother
Michael Rother (German: [ˈmɪçaʔeːl ˈʁoːtɐ]; born 2 September 1950) is a German experimental musician, best known for being a  founding member of the influential bands Neu! and Harmonia, and an early member of the band Kraftwerk.
Oleh Ivashchenko (Ukrainian general)
Oleh Ivanovych Ivashchenko (Ukrainian: Олег Іванович Іващенко) is a Ukrainian military officer and lieutenant general who has served as the head of the Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine since 2 January 2026, replacing Kyrylo Budanov. Before that, he was the head of the Foreign Intelligence Service from 26 March 2024.

Kyrylo Budanov
Kyrylo Oleksiiovych Budanov (Ukrainian: Кирило Олексійович Буданов; born 4 January 1986) is a Ukrainian military leader who has served as the Head of the Office of the President of Ukraine since 2 January 2026. Before that, he served as the chief of the Main Directorate of Intelligence of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine from August 2020. Budanov previously served as the deputy director of one of the departments of the Foreign Intelligence Service of Ukraine. He holds the rank of lieutenant general.
Kingmaker (board game)
Kingmaker is a board game published in the UK by PhilMar Ltd. in 1974 that simulates the political struggles to place a king on the throne of England during the Wars of the Roses. The game was popular, and other editions, including a computerized version, were produced by Avalon Hill, TM Games, and Gibsons Games. The game won a Charles S. Roberts Award in 1976.

Avalon Hill
Avalon Hill Games Inc. is a game company that publishes wargames and strategic board games. It has also published miniature wargaming rules, role-playing games and sports simulations. It is a subsidiary of Hasbro, and operates under the company's "Hasbro Gaming" division.

Avalon Hill introduced many of the concepts of modern recreational wargaming, including the use of a hexagonal grid (a.k.a. hexgrid) overlaid on a flat folding board, zones of control (ZOC), stacking of multiple units at a location, and board games based upon historical events.