hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Martin Faulstich
Martin Faulstich (born 13 July 1957 in Hagen, Germany) is a German research scientist. He is a professor at the Clausthal University of Technology, chairman of the German Advisory Council on the Environment and the managing director of the Clausthal Institute of Environmental Technology (CUTEC) in Clausthal-Zellerfeld.

Clausthal University of Technology
The Clausthal University of Technology (German: Technische Universität Clausthal, also referred to as TU Clausthal or TUC) is an institute of technology (Technische Universität) in Clausthal-Zellerfeld, Lower Saxony, Germany. The small public university is regularly ranked among the Top German universities in engineering by CHE University Rankings. More than 30% of students and 20% of academic staff come from abroad, making it one of the most international universities in Germany. The university is best known for the prominent corporate leaders among its former students.
28th Parliament of Turkey
The 28th Parliament of Turkey was elected at the 2023 Turkish parliamentary election. It succeeded the 27th Parliament of Turkey in May 2023. The 600 members, elected through proportional representation from 87 electoral districts of Turkey, are shown below.

27th Parliament of Turkey
The 27th Parliament of the Turkish Republic was elected in a snap general election held on 24 June 2018 to the Grand National Assembly. It succeeded the 26th Parliament of Turkey in July 2018 and was due to last until the latter half of 2022. The 600 members, elected through proportional representation from 87 electoral districts of Turkey, are shown in the table below.
2023 Macau Guia Race
The 2023 Macau Guia Race - Kumho TCR World Tour Event of Macau was sixty-first edition of the Macau Guia Race and the eighth edition  under the TCR Regulations held at Guia Circuit in Macau on 16–19 November 2023. The race was contested with TCR touring cars and run in support of the 2023 edition of the Macau Grand Prix.

It was part of the TCR World Tour, as the final round, with the top 8 TCR Asia Challenge drivers calculated by points be part of the race.

TCR Touring Car
A TCR Touring Car is a touring car specification first introduced in 2014; it is now employed by a multitude of series worldwide. All TCR Touring Cars are front wheel drive cars based on 4- or 5-door production vehicles, and are powered by 1.75 to 2.0 litre turbocharged engines. While the bodyshell and suspension layout of the production vehicle is retained in a TCR car, and many models use a production gearbox, certain accommodations are made for the stresses of the racetrack including upgraded brakes and aerodynamics. Competition vehicles are subject to balance of performance (BoP) adjustments to ensure close racing between different vehicles.
Jayathma Wickramanayake
Jayathma Wickramanayake (born 22 November 1990) is a Sri Lankan born international civil servant who currently serves as the United Nations Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth. Appointed by the United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres in June 2017, she succeeds Ahmad Alhendawi of Jordan, who served as the first Envoy on Youth from 2013 to 2017.

Prior to taking her role as the Envoy, Wickramanayake led youth development efforts both on an international and national level in her home country, Sri Lanka. In this regard, she co-founded the youth organization Hashtag Generation, aimed at increasing the civic and political engagement of Sri Lankan young people, particularly young women. Wickramanayake also served as the country's first-ever Youth Delegate and actively participated in the establishment of World Youth Skills Day.

Ahmad Alhendawi
Ahmad Alhendawi (Arabic: أحمد الهنداوي; born 20 May 1984) is a Jordanian public administrator and a former United Nations official who served as the Secretary General of the World Organization of the Scout Movement (WOSM) from March 2017 until October 2024, making him the youngest person to hold this position in the 117-year history of the organization. Prior to this, he was the first-ever United Nations Secretary-General's Envoy on Youth, appointed by the Secretary-General of the United Nations on January 17, 2013. In this role, he supported UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon in addressing his thematic priority of working with and for young people as part of his Five-Year Action Agenda.

Hailing from Jordan, Alhendawi has extensive experience working on development issues at the local, regional, and international levels. He has held positions in various national and international organizations and has also initiated his own initiatives.
2002 Open Championship
The 2002 Open Championship was a men's major golf championship and the 131st Open Championship, held from 18 to 21 July at Muirfield Golf Links in Gullane, East Lothian, Scotland. Ernie Els won his first Claret Jug and third major title in a playoff over Stuart Appleby, Steve Elkington, and ultimately in a sudden-death playoff over Thomas Levet.

Tiger Woods' bid for the Grand Slam came to a halt on Saturday with the worst round of his career up to that time, an 81 (+10) in cold, gusty rain. It took him and others out of contention, but he rebounded on Sunday with a six-under 65 and finished at even par, six strokes back. Woods was the first in thirty years to win the first two legs (Masters, U.S. Open), last done by Jack Nicklaus in 1972. Nicklaus' grand slam bid also ended at Muirfield, runner-up by one stroke to Lee Trevino in 1972. The only one to win the first three was Ben Hogan in 1953. Entering the championship, Woods had won seven of the previous eleven majors.

Steve Elkington
Stephen John Elkington (born 8 December 1962) is an Australian professional golfer on the PGA Tour Champions. Formerly on the PGA Tour, he spent more than fifty weeks in the top-10 of the Official World Golf Ranking from 1995 to 1998.
Elkington won a major title at the PGA Championship in 1995, and is a two-time winner of The Players Championship.
Citizen Toxie: The Toxic Avenger IV
Citizen Toxie: The Toxic Avenger IV is a 2000 American superhero comedy film directed by Lloyd Kaufman and written by Trent Haaga. It is the fourth installment of The Toxic Avenger franchise. Despite being the third sequel to The Toxic Avenger, Stan Lee's opening narration claims that Citizen Toxie is, in fact, the official sequel to the first film, disacknowledging the events of the first two sequels.

The Toxic Avenger (1984 film)
The Toxic Avenger is a 1984 American superhero black comedy film produced and directed by Michael Herz and Lloyd Kaufman (the latter credited as Samuel Weil for directing) from a screenplay by Joe Ritter, based on a story by Kaufman. The film was produced and released by Troma Entertainment. It is the first installment in The Toxic Avenger film series and generated a media franchise.
Semi-Hilbert space
In mathematics, a semi-Hilbert space is a generalization of a Hilbert space in functional analysis, in which, roughly speaking, the inner product is required only to be positive semi-definite rather than positive definite, so that it gives rise to a seminorm rather than a vector space norm.

The quotient of this space by the kernel of this seminorm is also required to be a Hilbert space in the usual sense.

Definite quadratic form
In mathematics, a definite quadratic form is a quadratic form over some real vector space V that has the same sign (always positive or always negative) for every non-zero vector of V. According to that sign, the quadratic form is called positive-definite or negative-definite.

A semidefinite (or semi-definite) quadratic form is defined in much the same way, except that "always positive" and "always negative" are replaced by "never negative" and "never positive", respectively. In other words, it may take on zero values for some non-zero vectors of V.

An indefinite quadratic form takes on both positive and negative values and is called an isotropic quadratic form.

More generally, these definitions apply to any vector space over an ordered field.
Frans Ykens
Frans Ykens (1601, Antwerp – 1693, Brussels) was a Flemish still life painter active in Antwerp and Brussels in the 17th century. He is mainly known for his flower pieces and fruit still lifes and also painted banquet pieces, pronkstillevens, garland paintings and larger game pieces.

Pronkstilleven
Pronkstilleven (Dutch for 'ostentatious', 'ornate' or 'sumptuous' still life) is a style of ornate still life painting, characterised by large and complex compositions and an elaborate palette. Pronkstillevens typically depict a wide variety of objects, fruits, flowers and inanimate animals, often accompanied by live human and animal figures. The genre was developed in the 1640s in Antwerp from where it spread quickly to the Dutch Republic.
Shunji Izutsu
General Shunji “Bert” Izutsu (井筒 俊司) is a former military officer of the Japan Air Self-Defense Force who most notably served as the branch’s 35th Chief of Staff From 2020 until his retirement in 2023.

Japan Air Self-Defense Force
The Japan Air Self-Defense Force (Japanese: 航空自衛隊, Hepburn: Kōkū Jieitai), JASDF (空自, Kūji), also referred to as the Japanese Air Force, is the air and space branch of the Japan Self-Defense Forces, responsible for the defense of Japanese airspace, other air and space operations, cyberwarfare and electronic warfare. The JASDF carries out combat air patrols around Japan, while also maintaining a network of ground and air early-warning radar systems. The branch also has an aerobatic team known as Blue Impulse and has provided air transport in UN peacekeeping missions.

The JASDF had an estimated 49,913 personnel as of 2018, and as of 2023 operates about 712 aircraft, approximately 321 of them being fighter aircraft.

The service was to be renamed in 2027 to the Japan Air and Space Self-Defense Force (航空宇宙自衛隊, Kōkū Uchū Jieitai), in recognition of the increasing importance of the space domain. However, the schedule was then changed to 2026 in the 2026 defense budget.
Richard Keith (actor)
Keith Thibodeaux (born December 1, 1950), also known as Richard Keith, is an American actor and musician, best known for playing Little Ricky on the television sitcoms I Love Lucy and The Lucy–Desi Comedy Hour. He was billed as Richard Keith because his Cajun French last name, "Thibodeaux", was considered too hard to pronounce by producer Desi Arnaz. He is the last living regular appearing cast member from I Love Lucy.

Desi Arnaz
Desiderio Alberto Arnaz y de Acha III (March 2, 1917 – December 2, 1986), known as Desi Arnaz, was a Cuban-American actor, musician, producer, and bandleader. He played Ricky Ricardo on the American television sitcom I Love Lucy, in which he co-starred with his wife Lucille Ball. Arnaz and Ball are credited as the innovators of the syndicated rerun, which they pioneered with the I Love Lucy series.

Arnaz and Lucille Ball co-founded and ran the television production company Desilu Productions, originally to market I Love Lucy to television networks. After I Love Lucy ended, Arnaz went on to produce several other television series, at first with Desilu Productions, and later independently, including The Ann Sothern Show and The Untouchables. He was also the bandleader of his Latin group, the Desi Arnaz Orchestra. He was known for playing conga drums and popularized the conga line in the United States.
Lublin R-XIII
The Lublin R-XIII was the Polish army cooperation plane (observation and liaison plane), designed in the early-1930s in the Plage i Laśkiewicz factory in Lublin. It was the main army cooperation plane in the Invasion of Poland. Its variant Lublin R-XIV was a military trainer aircraft.

Trainer aircraft
A trainer is a class of aircraft designed specifically to facilitate flight training of pilots and aircrews. The use of a dedicated trainer aircraft with additional safety features—such as tandem flight controls, forgiving flight characteristics and a simplified cockpit arrangement—allows pilots-in-training to safely advance their skills in a more forgiving aircraft.

Civilian pilots are normally trained in a light aircraft, with two or more seats to allow for a student and instructor.
Peto Galim
Peto Galim is a Malaysian politician and engineer who has served as the State Assistant Minister of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food Industries of Sabah in the Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS) administration under Chief Minister Hajiji Noor and Minister Jeffrey Kitingan since January 2023 and Member of the Sabah State Legislative Assembly (MLA) for Inanam since September 2020. He is a member of the People's Justice Party (PKR), a component party of the Pakatan Harapan (PH) coalition. He has served as the State Deputy Chairman of PKR of Sabah since May 2024 and Division Chief of PKR of Sepanggar since July 2022.

Hajiji Noor
Hajiji bin Noor (Jawi: عزيزي بن نور; born 10 May 1955) is a Malaysian politician who served as the 16th Chief Minister of Sabah since 2020. The President of the GAGASAN Party, he represented Sulaman in the Sabah State Legislative Assembly since 1990.

Born in Tuaran, Sabah, he was appointed Chief Minister in late September 2020 after his coalition, Gabungan Rakyat Sabah (GRS), won 38 out of the 73 seats, in which 37 seats needed for a simple majority in the 2020 state election. His administration was further strengthened after three independent members of state legislative assembly (MLAs) pledged their support for the state government.
Fools for Scandal
Fools for Scandal is a 1938 screwball comedy film starring Carole Lombard and Fernand Gravet, featuring Ralph Bellamy, Allen Jenkins, Isabel Jeans, Marie Wilson and Marcia Ralston, and produced and directed by Mervyn LeRoy. It was written by Herbert Fields and Joseph Fields with additional dialogue by Irving Brecher, and uncredited contributions by others based on the unproduced 1936 play Return Engagement by Nancy Hamilton, James Shute and Rosemary Casey. The songs are by Richard Rodgers and Lorenz Hart.

Fools for Scandal is now best remembered as one of Lombard's worst films and one that set her on the course for seeking dramatic roles for the next few years.

Isabel Jeans
Isabel Jeans (16 September 1891 – 4 September 1985) was an English stage and film actress known for her roles in several Alfred Hitchcock films and her portrayal of Aunt Alicia in the 1958 musical film Gigi.
1928 United States Senate election in Wyoming
The 1928 United States Senate election in Wyoming took place on November 6, 1928. Democratic Senator John B. Kendrick ran for re-election to a third term. He faced Republican Congressman Charles E. Winter in the general election, and a competitive general election ensued. Kendrick ended up winning re-election by a narrow margin, with Winters's campaign likely assisted by the strong performance of Herbert Hoover in that year's presidential election. Kendrick's third term would turn out to be his last; he died while in office on November 3, 1933, about a year until the seat would next be up. Joseph C. O'Mahoney was appointed to serve out the remainder of Kendrick's term and would end up winning the ensuing election in 1934.

Charles E. Winter
Charles Edwin Winter (September 13, 1870 – April 22, 1948) was an American attorney, politician, and author who served as a member of the United States House of Representatives for Wyoming's at-large congressional district from 1923 to 1929.
Jan Van Hoesen House
Jan Van Hoesen House is an early-18th-century house in New York State. Northeast on NY 66 of Hudson towards Chatham, just east of Claverack Creek, stands a vacant medieval-looking brick structure over the Dutch Acres Mobile Home Park. Like the Columbia County Historical Society's Luykas Van Alen House in Kinderhook, the steeply pitched roof, parapet-gabled house is a rare surviving example of a type of rural house characteristic of the upper Hudson Valley in the first half of the 18th century. Van Hoesen House is located on Route 66, north of the City of Hudson.

Hudson, New York
Hudson is a city in and the county seat of Columbia County, New York, United States. At the 2020 census, it had a population of 5,894. On the east side of the Hudson River, 120 miles (190 km) from the Atlantic Ocean, it was named after the river's explorer, Henry Hudson.

Often called the "Brooklyn of Upstate New York", Hudson is a tourist destination known for its antique shops and boutiques.
Murder in the Hills
Murder in the Hills is a Bengali crime thriller web series streaming on the OTT platform hoichoi. The series was released on 23 July 2021. The series is directed by Anjan Dutt, who makes his directorial debut for a web series. This film is loosely based on the storyline of the famous detective novel of Agatha Christie, Murder on the Orient Express.

Anjan Dutt
Anjan Dutt (born 19 January 1953) is an Indian film director, actor, and singer-songwriter known for his work in the Bengali alternative music genre anyodharar gaan. As an actor, Dutta began his career in Bengali cinema in the Mrinal Sen film Chaalchitra, for which he won the best newcomer actor award at the Venice Film Festival. He acted in Aparna Sen's hit film, Mr. and Mrs. Iyer. In 2018 he featured in Swapnasandhani's new play Taraye Taraye, as Vincent van Gogh, under the direction of Kaushik Sen.

He is also a national award-winning filmmaker and is one of the most prominent directors of Bengali cinema, directing Dutta Vs Dutta, Madly Bangalee, The Bong Connection, Chalo Let's Go, and Ranjana Ami Ar Ashbona. In recent years, he has directed a Byomkesh film series.He is mainly famous for his bengali adventure movies
Akalmand
Akalmand (transl. intelligent) is a Hindi language romantic comedy thriller film directed by N.S. Raj Bharath. The film stars Jeetendra, Sridevi, Ashok Kumar, Kader Khan and Shakti Kapoor in lead roles with Aruna Irani, Sarika and Raza Murad in supportive roles.

Aruna Irani
Aruna Irani (born 18 August 1946
) is an Indian actress, who has acted in over 500 films throughout Hindi, Kannada, Punjabi, Marathi and Gujarati cinema, playing mostly supporting and character roles. She received two Filmfare Awards for Best Supporting Actress for Pet Pyaar Aur Paap (1984) and Beta (1992), and holds the record for the most nominations in the category (10). In January 2012, Irani received the Filmfare Lifetime Achievement Award at the 57th Filmfare Awards.
Burley House
Burley House, Burley-on-the-Hill, Rutland, England is a 17th-century country house built for Daniel Finch, 2nd Earl of Nottingham. Although Finch sought advice on the house from such as Christopher Wren, he appears to have acted as his own architect. The house stands on the site of an earlier building, owned by George Villiers, 1st Duke of Buckingham in the early 17th century. The scale of Finch's new house is vast, the main block, the corps de logis, is fifteen bays long by seven wide, and fronts an expansive cour d'honneur. Construction took place between 1696 and 1700.  Much of the interior of the house was destroyed in a major fire in 1908, although subsequently restored. In the late 20th century the house was converted to apartments, with enabling development in the grounds, by Kit Martin. Burley House is a Grade I listed building. Its park is listed at Grade II on the Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England.

Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England
The Register of Historic Parks and Gardens of Special Historic Interest in England provides a listing and classification system for historic parks and gardens similar to that used for listed buildings. The register was set up by Historic England under the provisions of the National Heritage Act 1983. Over 1,600 sites are listed, ranging from the grounds of large stately homes to small domestic gardens, as well other designed landscapes such as town squares, public parks, and cemeteries. The register is published on the National Heritage List for England alongside other national heritage designations.
Port-Royal Logic
Port-Royal Logic, or Logique de Port-Royal, is the common name of La logique, ou l'art de penser, an important textbook on logic first published anonymously in 1662 by Antoine Arnauld and Pierre Nicole, two prominent members of the Jansenist movement, centered on Port-Royal. Blaise Pascal likely contributed considerable portions of the text. Its linguistic companion piece is the Port-Royal Grammar (1660) by Arnauld and Lancelot.

The book helped popularize the concept that a definition with more qualifications or features (the intension) denotes a class with fewer members (the extension), and vice versa. It was based on Aristotle's ideas about genus and species. The same concept would later become a fundamental element in the works of Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz.

Genus (philosophy)
In term logic, a genus is one of the predicables; it is that part of a definition which is also predicable of other things different from the definiendum. E.g., figure in the definition: A triangle is a rectilinear figure. In fixing the genus of a thing, we subsume it under a higher universal, of which it is a species.
Robert Mattison
Robert S. Mattison is an American academic, 
art historian, curator, and author who is the Marshall R. Metzger Emeritus professor of art history at Lafayette College in Easton, Pennsylvania. He is known for his authorship on abstract expressionism, especially  the painters Robert Motherwell and Franz Kline.

Franz Kline
Franz Kline (May 23, 1910 – May 13, 1962) was an American painter. He is associated with the Abstract Expressionist movement of the 1940s and 1950s. Kline, along with other action painters like Jackson Pollock, Willem de Kooning, Robert Motherwell, John Ferren, and Lee Krasner, as well as local poets, dancers, and musicians, came to be known as the informal group, the New York School. Although he explored the same innovations to painting as the other artists in this group, Kline's work is distinct in itself and has been revered since the 1950s.
Île-de-France tramway Line 4
Île-de-France tramway Line 4, also called the T4, is an 13.3-kilometre (8.3 mi) long tram-train line in the Seine-Saint-Denis department of Île-de-France. The line starts at Aulnay-sous-Bois and features two branches, with the first running to Bondy (opened 20 November 2006) and the second running to Montfermeil (opened 14 December 2019 and 31 August 2020).

The line is operated by SNCF, which brands it as part of its Transilien network. The operation of line will become subject to a competitive bidding process in November 2029, which will be overseen by Île-de-France Mobilités.

It is the result of the transformation and installation of a double-track on the Bondy to Aulnay-sous-Bois line, or ligne des Coquetiers ("Egg Cup Line"), which opened in 1875. It thus became the first French tram-train line, an event whose true significance emerged during plans to expand it into a tramway and integrate it into the urban transport network.

Montfermeil
Montfermeil (French pronunciation: [mɔ̃fɛʁmɛj] ⓘ) is a commune in the eastern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located 17.2 km (10.7 mi) from the center of Paris.

Montfermeil is famous as the location of Thénardiers' inn in Les Misérables. It has made the headlines due to troubles in its social estate called "les Bosquets".