hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Philosophical Essays on Freud
Philosophical Essays on Freud is a 1982 anthology of articles about Sigmund Freud and psychoanalysis edited by the philosophers Richard Wollheim and James Hopkins. Published by Cambridge University Press, it includes an introduction from Hopkins and an essay from Wollheim, as well as selections from philosophers such as Ludwig Wittgenstein, Clark Glymour, Adam Morton, Stuart Hampshire, Brian O'Shaughnessy, Jean-Paul Sartre, Thomas Nagel, and Donald Davidson. The essays deal with philosophical questions raised by the work of Freud, including topics such as materialism, intentionality, and theories of the self's structure. They represent a range of different viewpoints, most of them from within the tradition of analytic philosophy. The book received a mixture of positive, mixed, and negative reviews. Commentators found the contributions included in the book to be of uneven value.

Thomas Nagel
Thomas Nagel (/ˈneɪɡəl/; born July 4, 1937) is an American philosopher. He is the University Professor of Philosophy and Law Emeritus at New York University, where he taught from 1980 until his retirement in 2016. His main areas of philosophical interest are political philosophy, ethics and philosophy of mind.

Nagel is known for his critique of material reductionist accounts of the mind, particularly in his essay "What Is It Like to Be a Bat?" (1974), and for his contributions to liberal moral and political theory in The Possibility of Altruism (1970) and subsequent writings. He continued the critique of reductionism in Mind and Cosmos (2012), in which he argues against the neo-Darwinian view of the emergence of consciousness.
Kilij Arslan I
Kilij Arslan I ibn Suleiman (Old Anatolian Turkish: قِلِیچ اَرسلان; Persian: قلیچ ارسلان, romanized: Qilij Arslān; Turkish: I. Kılıç Arslan or Kılıcarslan, lit. "Sword Lion") (‎1079–1107) was the Seljuk sultan of Rûm. He reigned from 1092 until his death in 1107. He ruled the Sultanate during the time of the First Crusade and thus faced the earliest attacks from Christian forces. He also re-established the Sultanate of Rum after the death of Malik Shah I of the Seljuk Empire and defeated the Crusaders in three battles during the Crusade of 1101. Kilij Arslan was the first Muslim and Turkish commander to fight against the Crusaders, commanding his horse archers as a teenager.

Malik-Shah I
Malik-Shah I (Persian: ملک شاه یکم) was the third sultan of the Seljuk Empire from 1072 to 1092, under whom the sultanate reached the zenith of its power and influence.
During his youth, he spent his time participating in the campaigns of his father Alp Arslan, along with the latter's vizier Nizam al-Mulk. During one such campaign in 1072, Alp Arslan was fatally wounded and died only a few days later. After that, Malik-Shah was crowned as the new sultan of the empire, but the succession was contested by his uncle Qavurt. Although Malik-Shah was the nominal head of the Seljuk state, Nizam al-Mulk held near absolute power during his reign. Malik-Shah spent the rest of his reign waging war against the Karakhanids to the east and establishing order in the Caucasus.

The cause of Malik-Shah's death remains under dispute to this day; according to some scholars, he was poisoned by Abbasid caliph al-Muqtadi, while others say that he was poisoned by the supporters of Nizam al-Mulk.
Kalikapur railway station
Kalikapur railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Station on the Canning Branch line. It is under the jurisdiction of the Sealdah railway division in the Eastern Railway zone of the Indian Railways. Kalikapur railway station is situated beside Station Road at Benebou, Kalikapur in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal.

Sonarpur Junction railway station
Sonarpur Junction railway station is a Kolkata Suburban Railway Junction station on the main line with an approximate 17 kilometres (11 mi) distance from the Sealdah railway station. It is under the jurisdiction of the Eastern Railway zone of Indian Railways. Sonarpur Junction railway station is one of the busiest railway stations in the Sealdah railway division. More than 115 pairs of EMU local trains pass through the railway station on a daily basis. It is situated in South 24 Parganas district in the Indian state of West Bengal. Sonarpur Junction railway station serves Rajpur Sonarpur and the surrounding areas.
Giuseppe Marullo
Giuseppe Marullo (died 1685 in Naples) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active near his natal city of Orta di Atella. He was a pupil of Massimo Stanzione.  He painted Saint Peter Released by the Angel (1630–40) which is now at the Museo del Prado in Madrid.

Massimo Stanzione
Massimo Stanzione (also called Stanzioni;  Frattamaggiore 1585 – Naples 1656) was an Italian Baroque painter, mainly active in Naples, where he and his rival Jusepe de Ribera dominated the painting scene for several decades. He was primarily a painter of altarpieces, working in both oils and fresco (these usually for ceilings). His main subject matter was biblical scenes. He also painted portraits and mythological subjects. He had many pupils and followers as his rich color and idealized naturalism had a large influence on other local artists, such as Francesco Solimena.  In 1621 Pope Gregory XV gave him the title of Knight of the Golden Spur and Pope Urban VIII made him a knight of St. John around 1624 and a knight of the Order of Christ in 1627. From then on, he liked to sign his works as "EQUES MAXIMUS" (Latin for 'Supreme Knight).
Jeon Woo-chi (TV series)
Jeon Woo-chi (Korean: 전우치) is a 2012 South Korean fantasy period television series, starring Cha Tae-hyun as the titular Taoist wizard who becomes an unlikely hero to the people of Joseon. It is based on the same folktale as the 2009 movie of the same name, but has a different story. Also starring Uee, Lee Hee-joon, Baek Jin-hee, Kim Kap-soo and Sung Dong-il, it aired on KBS2 from November 21, 2012 to February 7, 2013 on Wednesdays and Thursdays at 22:00 for 24 episodes.

Lee Hee-joon
Lee Hee-joon (Korean: 이희준; born June 29, 1979) is a South Korean actor. He first gained recognition portraying a minor character in the television series My Husband Got a Family (2012). Lee is best known for the films 1987: When the Day Comes (2017), Miss Baek (2018), The Man Standing Next (2020), and Handsome Guys (2024), as well as the television series The Queen of Office (2013), Steal Heart (2014), Mouse (2021), and A Killer Paradox (2024).
Chinlechelys
Chinlechelys (/tʃɪnəltʃɛliːs/ meaning Chinle turtle) is an extinct genus of stem-turtle belonging to Testudinata. It lived in the Norian age of the Late Triassic and is the oldest turtle known from North America. Among turtles it is unique, mostly because of its very thin shell. The type and only species, C. tenertesta, was named and described with the genus by Walter G. Joyce et al. in 2009. It was probably terrestrial, and was found by Joyce et al. to be closely related to Proganochelys, another terrestrial testudinatan.

2009 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils. This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 2009.
Will This Be the Day
"Will This Be the Day" is a song recorded by American country music group The Desert Rose Band. It was released in January 1991 as the first single from their compilation album A Dozen Roses – Greatest Hits. The song was written by Chris Hillman and Steve Hill, and produced by Ed Seay and Paul Worley.

Chris Hillman
Christopher Hillman (born December 4, 1944) is an American musician. He was the original bassist of the Byrds. With frequent collaborator Gram Parsons, Hillman was a key figure in the development of country rock, defining the genre through his work with the Byrds, the Flying Burrito Brothers, Manassas and the country-rock group the Desert Rose Band. He was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991 as a member of the Byrds.
Kwik Snax
Kwik Snax is a maze video game play developed by the Oliver Twins and was published in 1990 by Codemasters for the Amstrad CPC, Spectrum, Commodore 64, MS-DOS, and Amiga. It was the fifth game in the Dizzy series and is considered a sequel to Fast Food.

After the Oliver twins had completed Operation Gunship they wanted to release another puzzle game similar to Fast Food which only required two weeks of development time, but unexpectedly it required much more time.

The Rear cover (Amstrad version) says: "Dizzy to the rescue! Outwit Zaks' court jesters, bumble bees, clockwork mice and more in the Land of Personality. Mega features and fantastic fun in the incredibly playable, action packed, arcade puzzle game!"

Fast Food (1989 video game)
Fast Food (sometimes referred to as Fast Food Dizzy) is the title of two slightly different maze video games in the vein of Pac-Man. Both feature Dizzy, who is an anthropomorphic egg designed by the British-born Oliver Twins. The game was originally released in April 1989 and published by Codemasters. It is the third title to feature Dizzy.

The 8-bit versions of the game were released for the ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64, and Amstrad CPC with mazes of abstract design. The 16-bit versions released for the Amiga, Atari ST and MS-DOS have environments that are identifiable as real-world locations such as gardens, harbours, and graveyards.
Brian Statham (footballer)
Brian Statham (born 21 May 1969) is an English retired professional footballer who made over 160 appearances in the Football League for Brentford as a right back. He also played League football for Tottenham Hotspur, Gillingham, Reading, Bournemouth and was capped by England at U21 level. Statham later managed Heybridge Swifts, Billericay Town and Welling United in non-League football. He currently serves as director of football at Welling United.

Billericay Town F.C.
Billericay Town Football Club is a football club based in Billericay, Essex, England. The club are currently members of the Isthmian League Premier Division, the seventh tier of English football, and play at New Lodge. They are the second most successful club in FA Vase history, having won the competition on three occasions.
2024 Monmouth Hawks football team
The 2024 Monmouth Hawks football team represented Monmouth University in the Coastal Athletic Association Football Conference (CAA) during the 2024 NCAA Division I FCS football season. The Hawks were coached by 32nd-year head coach Kevin Callahan and played home games at Kessler Stadium in West Long Branch, New Jersey.

Kessler Stadium
Kessler Stadium is a 4,200-seat football and track stadium in West Long Branch, New Jersey.  It was built in 1993 and is home to the Monmouth University Hawks.

Kessler Stadium underwent a renovation prior to the start of the 2017 football season that saw the seating capacity expand to more than 4,200 seats, including 800+ chair backs. A new brick facade complements the design of the OceanFirst Bank Center and the seating stretches end zone to end zone. Kessler Stadium is home to a press box and multimedia center on the third fourth, a main concourse at ground level which is home to the Brockriede Family Concessions and the Austin Family Box Office. On the second floor, the Doherty Family Deck hosts Monmouth Athletics Blue-White Club events.

The first home football game in Monmouth's history was on September 25, 1993, against Sacred Heart University.
Lauren Matsumoto
Lauren Kealohilani Cheape Matsumoto (born August 16, 1987) is an American politician and beauty pageant titleholder who currently serves as a member of the Hawaii State House from Hawaii's 38th District, previously the 45th District from 2012 to 2022. Matsumoto represents Schofield, Mokuleia, Waialua, Kunia, Waipio Acres, and her hometown of Mililani in the Hawaii State House of Representatives. She holds the title of Miss Hawaii 2011, and competed in the Miss America 2012 pageant in Las Vegas, Nevada. She was born and raised in Mililani, Hawaii.

Mililani, Hawaii
Mililani (Hawaiian pronunciation: [miliˈlɐni]) is a city located near the center of the island of Oʻahu in Honolulu County, Hawaiʻi, United States. It consists of two census-designated places, Mililani Town, with a population of 28,121 at the 2020 census, and Mililani Mauka, with a 2020 census population of 21,075.
Rabi Lamichhane
Rabi Lamichhane (born 13 September 1975) is a Nepali politician who has served as president of the Rastriya Swatantra Party (RSP) since 2022. He also served as the Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Home Affairs of Nepal from December 2022 to January 2023.

Lamichhane was a member of the House of Representatives from Chitwan 2 from 28 April 2023 until the dissolution of the Lower House in 12 September 2025. He represented the constituency before being temporarily stripped of his position by the Supreme Court.

Before entering politics, Lamichhane was a television presenter and journalist, where he gained widespread popularity.

Chitwan 2 (constituency)
Chitwan 2 is one of three parliamentary constituencies of Chitwan District in Nepal. This constituency came into existence on the Constituency Delimitation Commission (CDC) report submitted on 31 August 2017.
Strontium chloride
Strontium chloride (SrCl2) is a salt of strontium and chloride. It is a "typical" salt, forming neutral aqueous solutions. As with all compounds of strontium, this salt emits a bright red colour in flame, and is commonly used in fireworks to that effect. Its properties are intermediate between those for barium chloride, which is more toxic, and calcium chloride.

Calcium chloride
Calcium chloride is an inorganic compound, a salt with the chemical formula CaCl2. It is a white crystalline solid at room temperature, and it is highly soluble in water. It can be created by neutralising hydrochloric acid with calcium hydroxide.

Calcium chloride is commonly encountered as a hydrated solid with generic formula CaCl2·nH2O, where n = 0, 1, 2, 4, and 6. These compounds are mainly used for de-icing and dust control. Because the anhydrous salt is hygroscopic and deliquescent, it is used as a desiccant.
Potassium oxide
Potassium oxide (K2O) is an ionic compound of potassium and oxygen. It is a base. This pale yellow solid is the simplest oxide of potassium. It is a highly reactive compound that is rarely encountered.  Some industrial materials, such as fertilizers and cements, are assayed assuming the percent composition that would be equivalent to  K2O.

Potassium hydroxide
Potassium hydroxide is an inorganic compound with the formula KOH, and is commonly called caustic potash.

Along with sodium hydroxide (NaOH), KOH is a prototypical strong base. It has many industrial and niche applications, most of which utilize its caustic nature and its reactivity toward acids. About 2.5 million tonnes were produced in 2023. KOH is noteworthy as the precursor to most soft and liquid soaps, as well as numerous potassium-containing chemicals.  It is a white solid that is dangerously corrosive.
72 Feronia
72 Feronia is a quite large and dark main belt asteroid. It was the first asteroid discovery by C. H. F. Peters, on May 29, 1861, from Hamilton College, New York State. It was initially thought that Peters had merely seen the already known asteroid 66 Maja, but T.H. Safford showed that it was a new body. Safford named it after Feronia, a Roman fertility goddess.

This asteroid is orbiting the Sun with a period of 3.41 years, having a semimajor axis of 2.266 AU and an eccentricity of 0.121. The orbital plane is inclined by an angle of 5.4° to the plane of the ecliptic. This is a spectral type TDG asteroid with a cross-section size of 84 km. The asteroid has an estimated rotation period of 8.09 h. Hanuš et al. (2013) gives two possible solutions for the pole in ecliptic coordinates: (λ1, β1) = (287°, −39°) or (λ1, β1) = (102°, −55°).

66 Maja
66 Maja (/ˈmeɪə/) is a carbonaceous background asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 71 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 9 April 1861, by American astronomer Horace Tuttle at the Harvard College Observatory in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. The asteroid was named after Maia from Greek mythology.
Merry Christmas Ahead
"Merry Christmas Ahead" (Korean: 미리 메리 크리스마스; RR: Miri Meri Kriseumaseu), also known as "Merry Christmas in Advance", is a song by South Korean singer-songwriter IU featuring Thunder. It is the sixth track on her third extended play (EP), Real, which was released on December 9, 2010. It entered the South Korean Gaon Digital Chart, peaking at number seven. In the following years, "Merry Christmas Ahead" became one of the most popular South Korean Christmas songs, re-entering charts each year in December. It was listed among the most successful songs of the 2010s by the largest Korean music streaming service, Melon. IU has performed it on television programs and has included it in the set list of several of her concert tours.

Thunder (singer)
Park Sang-hyun (Korean: 박상현; born October 7, 1990), known professionally as Thunder (Korean: 천둥; RR: Cheondung), is a South Korean singer, songwriter, actor and model. He is a former member of South Korean boy band MBLAQ. On December 16, 2014, it was announced that he had departed from the group to focus on studying music. He signed with Mystic Entertainment's music label APOP on February 11, 2015 and released his debut extended play on December 7, 2016.
West End Line (Brooklyn surface)
The West End Line or New Utrecht Avenue Line was a surface transit line in Brooklyn, New York City, United States, running along New Utrecht Avenue and other streets between Coney Island and Sunset Park. Built by the Brooklyn, Bath and Coney Island Railroad as a steam line, it became a trolley line, along which elevated trains ran until the new elevated BMT West End Line opened. This route is no longer part of any bus line; its southern part (south of Bath Beach) was part of a bus route (the B64, which replaced the 86th Street Line trolleys, until 2010). In 2013, the B64 route to Coney Island was restored.

Bath Beach, Brooklyn
Bath Beach is a neighborhood in the New York City borough of Brooklyn, located at the southwestern edge of the borough on Gravesend Bay. The neighborhood borders Bensonhurst and New Utrecht to the northeast across 86th Street; Dyker Beach Park and Golf Course to the northwest across 14th Avenue; and Gravesend to the east across Stillwell Avenue.
Bhayangkara Presisi Lampung F.C.
Bhayangkara Presisi Lampung Football Club, simply known as Bhayangkara Presisi, is an Indonesian professional football club based in Bandar Lampung, Lampung. The club is linked to the Indonesian National Police. The club plays in Super League from the 2025–26 season following promotion in 2024–25 Liga 2.

The name of the club is based on a police rank. They have won the Super League title in 2017.

2024–25 Liga 2 (Indonesia)
The 2024–25 Liga 2 (also known as the 2024–25 Pegadaian Liga 2 for sponsorship reasons) was the eighth season of the Liga 2 under its current name and the 15th season under its current league structure. The league format was announced on 25 July 2024. The season started on 7 September 2024.
Unpowered flight
Unpowered flight is the ability to stay airborne for a period of time without using any power source. There are several types of unpowered flight. Some have been exploited by nature, others by humankind, and some by both.

Unpowered aircraft are aerial vehicles that can fly without any propulsion mechanism.

The ability to fly short or long distances without power has evolved many times in nature. Many creatures capable of sustained wing-powered flight also soar unpowered for much of the time they are airborne.

Lift (soaring)
Lift is a meteorological phenomenon used as an energy source by soaring aircraft and soaring birds. The most common human application of lift is in sport and recreation. The three air sports that use soaring flight are: gliding, hang gliding and paragliding.

Energy can be gained by using rising air from four sources:

Thermals (where air rises due to heat),

Ridge lift, where air is forced upwards by a slope,

Wave lift, where a mountain produces a standing wave,

Convergence, where two air masses meet

In dynamic soaring it is also possible to gain energy, though this uses differences in wind speeds rather than rising air.
Alfred Brian Palmer
Alfred Brian Palmer MBE, DSC (27 March 1899 – 4 July 1993) was a Royal Navy Reserve captain and near the end of his career was the commander of the shore base HMS Furneaux in Brisbane. He is known for his bravery in breaking the German blockade of Tobruk in the Second World War with his small schooner Maria Giovanni. During the Second World War he was wounded several times and finally taken prisoner by the Germans, from whom he attempted numerous escapes. He was awarded the Distinguished Service Cross in 1941 for "courage, skill and devotion to duty in operations off the Libyan coast", and made a Member of the Order of the British Empire in 1944.

Distinguished Service Cross (United Kingdom)
The Distinguished Service Cross (DSC) is a third-level military decoration awarded for gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea to officers; and, since 1993, ratings and other ranks of the British Armed Forces, Royal Fleet Auxiliary and the British Merchant Navy have been eligible. The award was formerly also awarded to members of armed forces of other Commonwealth countries.

The DSC is "awarded in recognition of an act or acts of exemplary gallantry during active operations against the enemy at sea." Since 1979, it can be awarded posthumously.
Rosa Dubovsky
Rosa Dubovsky (née Chanovska; Ukrainian: Роза Дубовська; 9 January 1885 – 1 June 1972) was a Ukrainian-Argentine anarchist-feminist activist. Born in the Ukrainian city of Odesa, she and her husband fled the country after the Revolution of 1905. They moved to Argentina, where Dubovsky joined the Argentine anarchist movement and established anarchist women's groups, including the Emma Goldman Women's Library. A hatmaker and upholsterer by trade, she joined the Argentine Regional Workers' Federation (FORA) and organised working women at factories.

Argentine Regional Workers' Federation
The Argentine Regional Workers' Federation (Spanish: Federación Obrera Regional Argentina; abbreviated FORA), founded in 1901 (1901), was Argentina's first national labor confederation. It split into two wings in 1915, the larger of which merged into the Argentine Syndicates' Union (USA) in 1922, while the smaller slowly disappeared in the 1930s.
Mitchell Hanson
Mitchell Gene Ben Hanson (born 2 September 1988) is an English former professional footballer who played as a defender. He spent 2006 to 2011 at Derby County, playing on loan at Port Vale and Notts County, before signing with Eastwood Town via Oxford United in 2011, where he became joint-caretaker manager in October 2012. He moved to Gresley in the summer of 2013.

Gresley Rovers F.C.
Gresley Rovers Football Club is an English football club from Church Gresley, South Derbyshire. Gresley is a member of the United Counties League Premier Division North and plays home games at the Moat Ground. They were known as Gresley Rovers until 2009, when they were reformed under the name of Gresley F.C. In July 2020 the club readopted their original name, Gresley Rovers.