hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Susan Shabangu
Susan Shabangu (born 28 February 1956) is a South African politician and former trade unionist. She represented the African National Congress (ANC) in the National Assembly of South Africa between May 1994 and June 2019. During that time she was a cabinet minister from 2009 to 2019.

Shabangu served as Minister of Social Development from February 2018 to May 2019, as Minister of Women from May 2014 to February 2018, and as Minister of Mineral Resources from May 2009 to May 2014. She entered the national executive in March 1996 as Deputy Minister of Minerals and Energy in Nelson Mandela's government, and she also served as Deputy Minister of Safety and Security in Thabo Mbeki's government. She was a member of the ANC National Executive Committee between December 2007 and December 2022.

Minister of Social Development (South Africa)
The minister of social development is a minister in the Cabinet of South Africa who is the political head of the Department of Social Development and its agencies, including the South African Social Security Agency. The incumbent minister is Sisisi Tolashe and her deputy is Ganief Hendricks.

The ministry was created in June 1999 when Thabo Mbeki took office as President of South Africa in the 1999 general election. Its precursor in the cabinet of Nelson Mandela was the Ministry for Welfare and Population Development, where Geraldine Fraser-Moleketi was incumbent from June 1996 to June 1999.
Kurt-Lee Arendse
Kurt-Lee Arendse (born 17 June 1996) is a South African professional rugby union player who plays as a wing for the Bulls in the United Rugby Championship and for the South Africa national team. Known for his pace, agility and finishing ability, he has become one of the Springboks’ most influential outside backs since his debut in 2022.

Bulls (rugby union)
The Bulls (known for sponsorship reasons as the Vodacom Bulls) are a South African professional rugby union team based in Pretoria. They play their home matches at Loftus Versfeld. They compete in the United Rugby Championship, having competed in the Super Rugby competition until 2020 and the domestic Currie Cup competition.

The side won the Super 14 in 2007, 2009 and 2010, placing them among the most successful teams in Super Rugby history with three titles. They were the most successful team of the Super 14 era (2006–10), winning three out of the five titles. They are the most successful South African team, and the only South African team to win a Super Rugby title.

Formerly known as Northern Transvaal the side has competed in the Currie Cup since 1937 before becoming the Bulls in 1997.
Bread Alone
Bread Alone is a 1980 album by singer/multi-instrumentalist Walter "Junie" Morrison. The album was released by Columbia Records and was produced by Walter "Junie" Morrison for J.S. Theracon Productions. It was the first solo album released while simultaneously preparing to depart from Parliament-Funkadelic, where he served as keyboardist, co-writer, and co-producer. The album features vocal support from Lynn Mabry, formerly of the Brides of Funkenstein. The album cover shows Morrison surrounded by a thousand loaves of bread.

Bread Alone was reissued through the Sony Music Special Products series in 1991 but went out of print shortly thereafter. In 2011 it was reissued in the U.K. by Cherry Red Records imprint BBR and in the U.S. by Funky Town Grooves as a "two-fer" with his next chronological release, Junie 5.

Lynn Mabry
Lynn Mabry is an American singer best known for her work with Parliament-Funkadelic and as co-founder of The Brides of Funkenstein. Known for her dynamic stage presence and powerful vocals, Mabry has also toured or recorded with artists such as Talking Heads, George Michael, Don Henley, Bette Midler, Sheila E., and others. In addition to her performance career, she is recognized for her philanthropic work providing music and arts programs for underserved youth.
Spencer Hutchins
Spencer W. Hutchins is an American businessman and politician who served as a member of the Washington House of Representatives for the 26th district. Elected in November 2022, he assumed office on January 9, 2023.

Washington House of Representatives
The Washington House of Representatives is the lower house of the Washington State Legislature, and along with the Washington State Senate makes up the legislature of the U.S. state of Washington. It is composed of 98 Representatives from 49 districts, each of which elects one Senator and two members of the House. They are elected to separate positions with the top-two primary system. All members of the House are elected to a two-year term without term limits. The House meets at the State Capitol in Olympia.
The Vince Staples Show
The Vince Staples Show is an American comedy television series, created by rapper Vince Staples, alongside Ian Edelman and Maurice Williams for Netflix. The show premiered on February 15, 2024, with five episodes and stars Staples in a satirized African American Long Beach. Andrea Ellsworth, Vanessa Bell Calloway, Beau Billingslea and Naté Jones also appear in recurring roles, and guest appearances on the show include Scott MacArthur, Arturo Castro, Bryan Greenberg, Rick Ross, Matt Oberg, Franz Drameh, Tobie Windham, Megan Danso, Zack Fox, Malcolm Mays, Nelson Franklin, Teryl Rothery, and Bobby V, and Brandon Brown and Byron Reeder of the R&B group Mista. The second season premiered on November 6, 2025, with six new episodes. In January 2026, the series was canceled after two seasons.

Tobie Windham
Tobie Windham is an American actor. He starred as Will on the Disney XD series Walk the Prank (2016–2018) and Byron on Just Roll with It (2019–2021). In 2023, he played the supporting role of Damian in the HBO dark comedy series Barry.
Parathalassiinae
Parathalassiinae is a subfamily of flies in the family Dolichopodidae. It is part of an extended concept of the family, Dolichopodidae sensu lato, and forms a monophyletic group with Dolichopodidae sensu stricto. It was once placed provisionally in the subfamily Microphorinae as the tribe Parathalassiini.

According to a molecular phylogenetic analysis of the family Dolichopodidae by Germann et al. (2011), there is strong evidence for placing Parathalassiinae within Dolichopodidae sensu stricto.

Sensu
Sensu is a Latin word meaning "in the sense of". It is used in a number of fields including biology, geology, linguistics, semiotics, and law. Commonly it refers to how strictly or loosely an expression is used in describing any particular concept, but it also appears in expressions that indicate the convention or context of the usage.
Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 1995
Portugal was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 1995 with the song "Baunilha e chocolate" composed by António Victorino d'Almeida, with lyrics by Rosa Lobato de Faria, and performed by Tó Cruz. The Portuguese participating broadcaster, Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (RTP), organised a two-stage national final in order to select its entry for the contest. The first stage titled Selecção Nacional resulted in eight artists that competed in the second stage, Festival RTP da Canção 1995, which took place on 7 March 1995 where "Baunilha e chocolate" performed by Tó Cruz emerged as the winner following the combination of votes from 22 regional juries and a public televote.

The song competed in the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 13 May 1995. Performing during the show in position 16, it placed twenty-first out of the 23 participating songs from different countries, scoring 5 points.

Rádio e Televisão de Portugal
Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP) is the public service broadcasting organisation of Portugal. It operates four national television channels and three national radio stations, as well as several satellite and cable offerings.

The current company dates from 2007, with the merger of two previously separate companies Radiodifusão Portuguesa (RDP; the radio broadcaster) and Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (television broadcaster), although they had been grouped under a single holding company and common branding since 2004.

RTP is funded by a broadcasting contribution tax which is incorporated in electricity bills, and by advertising revenues.
Giovanni Bembo
Giovanni Bembo (21 August 1543 – 16 March 1618) was the 92nd Doge of Venice, reigning from his election on 2 December 1615 until his death. His reign is notable for Venetian victories during the War of Gradisca (1617) and for the Bedmar Plot (1618), in which the Spanish ambassador to Venice, Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquis of Bedmar, was unsuccessful in his plans to destabilize the Most Serene Republic.

Alfonso de la Cueva, 1st Marquess of Bedmar
Alfonso de la Cueva-Benavides y Mendoza-Carrillo, marqués de Bedmar (first name also spelled Alonso, often used was the title Bedmar) (25 July 1574 – 10 August 1655) was a Spanish diplomat,  bishop and Roman Catholic cardinal. He was born in Bedmar, in what is now the province of Jaén. Alfonso was the son of Luis de la Cueva-Benavides, 2nd señor of Bedmar, and Elvira Carrillo de Mendoza y Cárdenas.
Atlantirivulus
Atlantirivulus is a genus of fishes in the family Rivulidae. They are endemic to shallow swamps, creeks, streams and pools in the Atlantic Forest in southeastern Brazil, ranging from Rio de Janeiro to Santa Catarina. Several of the species are highly threatened, while others survive in well-protected reserves. A. janeiroensis was initially feared extinct, but has since been rediscovered in two reserves.

Similar to closely related genera such as Anablepsoides, Cynodonichthys, Laimosemion and Melanorivulus, Atlantirivulus are non-annual killifish.

They are small fish, no more than 6.5 cm (2.6 in) in total length. Compared to many species in the family, the colors of Atlantirivulus are relatively dull.

Laimosemion
Laimosemion is a genus of fish in the family Rivulidae from the Amazon basin and basins in the Guiana Shield in tropical South America. They mostly inhabit small streams, creeks, swamps and pools in lowlands, but locally occur to an altitude of 1,300 m (4,300 ft).

Like their relatives, the adult Laimosemion often inhabit very small isolated waters, but they are not annual species like some other killifish. The adults can move some distance over land to find another water source. They do this by repeatedly flipping their body. They commonly complete their life cycle in the water, often laying their eggs among plant material. However, their eggs can survive several days of drought, only hatching when again covered by water.

The largest are up to 8.5 cm (3.3 in) in total length, but most Laimosemion species only reach around half that size.
1998 Warsaw Cup by Heros – Doubles
Ruxandra Dragomir and Inés Gorrochategui were the defending champions of the Warsaw Cup by Heros, a tennis tournament, but did not compete in 1998.

Karina Habšudová and Olga Lugina won in the final 7–6(7–2), 7–5 against Liezel Horn and Karin Kschwendt.

Karina Habšudová
Karina Habšudová (Slovak pronunciation: [ˈkarina ˈɦapʂudɔʋaː]; born 2 August 1973) is a Slovak former professional tennis player. She has been ranked as high as 10 in the world (1997). Together with Karol Kučera, she won the Hopman Cup in 1998. Her best performance at a Grand Slam tournament came when she got to the quarterfinals of the 1996 French Open, defeating Kristin Godridge, Nathalie Tauziat, Martina Hingis, and Anke Huber before losing to Arantxa Sánchez Vicario, 8–10 in the third set.

She also had a successful junior career. She won the girls' singles at the 1991 US Open, and was junior No. 1 for some time.
Ramalina usnea
Ramalina usnea is a species of corticolous (bark-dwelling), fruticose lichen in the family Ramalinaceae. It grows on tree bark across the Americas and parts of East Africa. Growing up to 30 cm (12 in) long, it forms pale greenish-grey branching strands that darken when dry. The species is highly adaptable: it forms coarse, flattened branches in foggy environments and develops finer, more delicate forms in humid coastal areas. First described by Carl Linnaeus in 1767, it underwent a few taxonomic revisions until Reginald Heber Howe, Jr. established its current name in 1914. Unlike many lichens that grow primarily at their tips, R. usnea expands along its entire length by continuously rebuilding its cell walls. It serves as an important component of some ecosystems, particularly in the Galápagos Islands' transition zones, where it forms characteristic draperies on trees and is used as nesting material by certain birds.

Reginald Heber Howe, Jr.
Reginald Heber Howe, Jr. (April 10, 1875 – 28 January 1932) was an American naturalist and preparatory school science teacher. His research specialized in the lichens, birds, and dragonflies. He founded the Belmont Hill School and served as its first headmaster.
Cam Alldred
Cameron Mitchell Alldred (born July 25, 1996) is an American professional baseball pitcher who is a free agent. He has previously played in Major League Baseball (MLB) for the Pittsburgh Pirates, and in the KBO League for the Kia Tigers and in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) for the Uni-President Lions.

Kia Tigers
The Kia Tigers (Korean: KIA 타이거즈) are a South Korean professional baseball team founded in 1982 and based in the southwestern city of Gwangju. Until 2001, they were known as the Haitai Tigers. The Tigers are members of the KBO League and are the most successful team in Korean baseball, having won the Korean Series championship twelve times with a perfect 12–0 record. Their home stadium is Gwangju-Kia Champions Field in Gwangju.

After the success of the 1980s and 1990s, the fortunes of the team began to turn, resulting in them finishing bottom of the league for the first time in 2005, and again in 2007. In 2009, however, the Tigers won the 2009 KBO season and the 2009 Korean Series.

During the 1980s and 1990s, the team was heavily associated with the Liberal pro-democracy politics of their home region of Honam. As a result, they developed a rivalry with the Samsung Lions of the conservative Yeongnam region.
Murder in Mesopotamia
Murder in Mesopotamia is a work of detective fiction by British writer Agatha Christie, first published in the UK by the Collins Crime Club on 6 July 1936 and in the US by Dodd, Mead and Company later in the same year. The UK edition retailed at seven shillings and sixpence (7/6) and the US edition at $2.00. The cover was designed by Robin McCartney.

The book features Belgian detective Hercule Poirot. The novel is set at an archaeological excavation in Iraq, and descriptive details derive from the author's visit to the Royal Cemetery at Ur where she met her husband, Sir Max Mallowan, and other British archaeologists. It was adapted for television in 2002.

Max Mallowan
Sir Max Edgar Lucien Mallowan, CBE, FBA, FSA (6 May 1904 – 19 August 1978) was a British archaeologist specializing in the Ancient Near East. Having studied classics at Oxford University, he was trained for archaeology by Leonard Woolley at Ur and Reginald Campbell Thompson at Nineveh. He then directed a number of archaeological expeditions sponsored by the British Museum and the British School of Archaeology in Iraq. He was the second husband of Agatha Christie, having met her during the excavation at Ur in 1930. He served in the Royal Air Force Volunteer Reserve during the Second World War, and then entered academia. He was Professor of Western Asiatic Archaeology at the University of London (1947–1962) and a fellow of All Souls College, Oxford (1962–1971).
Ben Allison
Ben Allison (born November 17, 1966) is an American double bassist, composer, producer, bandleader, educator. In addition to his work as a performer, he co-founded the non-profit Jazz Composers Collective and served as its Artistic Director for twelve years. Allison is an adjunct professor at New School University and serves as President of the board of the New York chapter of the National Academy of Recording Arts and Sciences.

Palmetto Records
Palmetto Records is an independent American jazz record company and label in New York City founded in 1990 by guitarist Matt Balitsaris.

Issues began with those by Balitsaris, then Greg Hatza in 1993. Since then, its catalog has included albums by Peter Bernstein, Joel Frahm, Larry Goldings, Andrew Hill, Cecil McBee, Dewey Redman, and Matt Wilson.

Balitsaris retired from music and began working for Fonkoze, a charity in Haiti. He was chairman of the board until 2015.
DJ Bobcat
Bobby Ervin (born December 13, 1967), known professionally as Bobcat or DJ Bobcat, is an American record producer, songwriter, DJ, and music executive. He is perhaps best known for his co-production work on LL Cool J's 1990 single "Mama Said Knock You Out", which won a Grammy Award and remains one of the most popular songs in hip hop.

Ervin has worked with Clive Davis, Russell Simmons, Rick Rubin, Lyor Cohen, Steve Rifkind, Madonna, Guy Oseary, and Jermaine Dupri, among others. Alongside DJ Pooh, he was part of the production outfit L.A. Posse.

Rick Rubin
Frederick Jay Rubin (/ˈruːbɪn/, ROO-bin; born March 10, 1963) is an American record producer. He is a co-founder of Def Jam Recordings, founder of American Recordings, and former co-president of Columbia Records.

Rubin helped popularize hip hop by producing records for pioneering acts such as LL Cool J, the Beastie Boys, Run-DMC, Public Enemy and Geto Boys. He has also produced hit records for acts from a variety of other genres, such as pop (Kesha, Adele, Ed Sheeran, Lady Gaga), heavy metal (Danzig, Metallica, Slayer), alternative rock (The Cult, Red Hot Chili Peppers, Rage Against the Machine, the Strokes, Weezer), hard rock (Audioslave, AC/DC, Aerosmith), nu metal (Linkin Park, System of a Down, Slipknot), and country (Johnny Cash, The Avett Brothers, the Chicks, Tyler Childers, Kid Rock).

In 2007, Rubin was called "the most important producer of the last 20 years" by MTV and was named on Time's 2007 list of the "100 Most Influential People in the World".
Amina of Zazzau
Amina (also Aminatu, born c. 1533; died 1610; pronunciationⓘ) was a Hausa historical figure in the city-state of Zazzau (now Zaria in Kaduna State), in what is now the north-west region of Nigeria. Official/palace tradition has her having reigned as queen (sarauniya), however other traditions say she was a princess (gimbiya).: 275  While her name isn't present on regnal lists found in the Chronicle of Abuja and two published by E. J. Arnett, local traditions say she ruled the territory she conquered. According to some sources, she reigned from 1576–1610.: 34

Suleja Emirate
The Suleja Emirate (Hausa: Masarautar Suleja) is a Hausa principality in what is now Niger State, Nigeria. The emirate was established as the Abuja Emirate during the 19th century as a successor to the Kingdom of Zazzau, and was located just north of the site of the present-day federal capital city named Abuja. When the new city was established, the emirate and its capital were renamed the Suleja Emirate and Suleja.
The emirate covers about 1,150 square miles (2,980 square km) of wooded savanna area. Suleja Emirate, Kontagora Emirate, Borgu Emirate, Agaie Emirate and Kagara Emirate were the major Emirates in Niger state.
Peperomia tungurahuae
Peperomia tungurahuae is a species of epiphyte from the genus Peperomia. It was first described by Luis Sodiro and published in the book "Contribuciones al conocimiento de la Flora Ecuatoriana . . . Monografia i. Piperaceas Ecuatorianas 1: Nuev. Adicion. 6. 1900". The species name came from Tungurahua, where first specimens of this species were collected.

Tungurahua
Tungurahua (/tʊŋɡʊˈrɑːwə/; from Quichua tunguri (throat) and rahua (fire), "Throat of Fire") is an active stratovolcano located in the Cordillera Oriental of Ecuador. The volcano gives its name to the province of Tungurahua. Volcanic activity restarted on August 19, 1999, and is ongoing as of 2023, with several eruptive episodes since then, the most recent lasting from February 26 to March 16, 2016.
2013 TV135
2013 TV135 is an Apollo near-Earth asteroid and potentially hazardous object estimated to have a diameter of 450 meters (1,480 ft). On 16 September 2013, it passed about 0.0448 AU (6,700,000 km; 4,160,000 mi) from Earth. On 20 September 2013, it came to perihelion (closest approach to the Sun). The asteroid was discovered on 12 October 2013 by Ukrainian amateur astronomer Gennadiy Borisov with a custom 0.2-meter (7.9 in) telescope using images dating back to 8 October 2013. It was rated level 1 on the Torino Scale from 16 October 2013 until JPL solution 26 on 3 November 2013. It reached a Palermo scale rating of -0.73. It was removed from the JPL Sentry Risk Table on 8 November 2013 using JPL solution 32 with an observation arc of 27 days.

Torino scale
The Torino scale is a method for categorizing the impact hazard associated with near-Earth objects (NEOs) such as asteroids and comets. It is intended as a communication tool for astronomers and the public to assess the seriousness of collision predictions, by combining probability statistics and known kinetic damage potentials into a single threat value. The Palermo scale is a similar, but more complex scale.

Near-Earth objects with a Torino scale of 1 are discovered several times a year, and may last a few weeks until they have a longer observation arc that eliminates any possibility of a collision. The only objects on the Torino scale that have ever ranked higher are asteroids 99942 Apophis, which had a rating of 4 for four days in late 2004, the highest recorded rating; (144898) 2004 VD17, with a historical rating of 2 from February to May 2006; and 2024 YR4, with a rating of 3 from January 27, 2025 to February 20, 2025.
Lake Suesca
Lake Suesca is a natural water body situated on the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, belonging to the municipalities of Suesca and Cucunubá in the department of Cundinamarca, Colombia. The basin has a semi-elliptical shape that extends on a north–south axis, with roughly 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) length and 2 kilometres (1.2 mi) width. The average depth is 8 metres (26 ft). It is located in the Eastern Ranges, on the anticlinal of Nemocón, in the northeast of the department, at an altitude of 2,800 metres (9,200 ft).

Cucunubá
Cucunubá is a municipality and town of Colombia in the Ubaté Province, part of the department of Cundinamarca. It borders with the municipalities of Ubaté, Lenguazaque, Suesca, Chocontá, Tausa and Sutatausa.
Structure of the United States Congress
The structure of the United States Congress with a separate House and Senate (respectively the lower and upper houses of the bicameral legislature) is complex with numerous committees handling a disparate array of topics presided over by elected officers. Some committees manage other committees. Congresspersons have various privileges to help the presidents serve the national interest and are paid a salary and have pensions. Congress formed a Library of Congress to help assist investigations and developed a Government Accountability Office to help it analyze complex and varied federal expenditures.

United States Government Accountability Office
The United States Government Accountability Office (GAO) is a federal agency within the legislative branch of the United States government that provides auditing, evaluative, and investigative services for the United States Congress in an independent and nonpartisan capacity. It is headquartered in Washington, D.C. at the US General Accounting Office Building in Judiciary Square, and has a headquarters office annex at the Longworth House Office Building on Capitol Hill.

The GAO is the supreme audit institution of the federal government of the United States. It identifies its core "mission values" as: accountability, integrity, and reliability. It is also known as the "congressional watchdog".

The agency is headed by the comptroller general of the United States. The current Acting Comptroller General is Orice Williams Brown, who has served in the position since December 30th 2025.