hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Meerut mutiny
The Meerut mutiny was a military mutiny on 10 and 11 May 1857 in the city of Meerut in British-controlled India, the first significant armed action against British military authority which accelerated an outbreak of the Indian rebellion of 1857 and 1858. Most of the Indian native soldiers of whole city garrison, outraged by a severe punishment of their 85 other commarades, raised their weapons against the local British forces and eventually civilians in the city. The event sparkled an intense impulse to the other Indian soldiers in British ranks and following rebellion spread to various regions of British-ruled India.

Siege of Cawnpore
The siege of Cawnpore was a key episode in the Indian Rebellion of 1857. The besieged East India Company forces and civilians in Cawnpore (now Kanpur) were duped into a false assurance of a safe passage to Allahabad by the rebel forces under Nana Sahib. Their evacuation from Cawnpore thus turned into a massacre; most of the men were killed, while women and children were taken to a nearby dwelling known as Bibi Ghar. As an East India Company rescue force from Allahabad approached Cawnpore, around 200 British women and children captured by the rebels were butchered in what came to be known as the Bibi Ghar massacre, their remains then thrown down a nearby well. Following the recapture of Cawnpore and the discovery of the massacre, the angry Company forces engaged in widespread retaliation against captured rebel soldiers and local civilians. The murders greatly enraged the British rank-and-file against the sepoy rebels and inspired the war cry "Remember Cawnpore!".
Neiden, Norway
Neiden (also: Njauddâm (Skolt Sami), Njávdán (Northern Sami), Njiävđám (Inari Sami), and Näätämö (Finnish), previously also Näytämö) is a village area in the Sápmi area along the Finland–Norway border with about 250 inhabitants. Neiden, situated along the Neiden River, actually consists of two villages 12 kilometers apart, separated by the border of Norway and Finland. One village is in Sør-Varanger Municipality in Finnmark county, Norway, and the other village is in Inari Municipality in Lapland, Finland. Neiden is the official name in Norway and Näätämö in Finland.  The European route E6 highway runs through the Norwegian village of Neiden. The village on the Finnish side is close to the border and has border shops. Even though there is not a direct link, a bed frame with the same name of the town is sold on IKEA .

Culture: Traditional row boats made of wood, called "Neiden boat"s (Neidenbåt), were not made for many years until one was finished in 2024.

Näätämö (river)
The Näätämöjoki (Finnish), Neidenelva (Norwegian), or Njávdámjohka (Northern Sami) is a river in Finland's Lapland, north of Lake Inari. It flows from Lake Iijärvi in Inari Municipality through Norway's Sør-Varanger Municipality and empties into the Neidenfjorden, an arm off the main Varangerfjorden.

The portion of the river within Finland, the Näätämöjoki, is approximately 50-kilometre (31 mi) long and drops down approximately 130 metres (430 ft) from the elevation of Lake Iijärvi (193 metres or 633 feet above sea level). At several points, the river widens into lakes, of which the largest are Lakes Kaarttilompolo, Vuodasluobal, and Opukas.

Based on annual catch, the Neidenelva is Norway's third most productive river for salmon fishing. Atlantic salmon, lake trout, sea trout, graylings and pike are all indigenous species.
Gail Porter
Gail Porter (born 23 March 1971) is a Scottish television personality, former model and actress. She started her television career in children's TV, before branching out into modelling and presenting mainstream TV. In 1999, she posed nude for FHM, an image which was projected on to the Houses of Parliament. Later in her career, Porter has been affected by alopecia, a condition which causes hair loss.

FHM
FHM (For Him Magazine) was a printed British multinational men's fashion lifestyle magazine that was published in several countries. It contained features such as the FHM 100 Sexiest Women in the World.

The final printed issue of British FHM was dated February 2016, after which the magazine moved to a digital-only platform, with updated daily content on topics such as dating tips, style advice, viral news, sports and entertainment.
Brightest Star (film)
Brightest Star (also titled Light Years) is a 2013 American independent romantic comedy film directed by Maggie Kiley and starring Chris Lowell and Rose McIver. The film, which also marks Kiley's directorial debut, is based on her 2009 short film Some Boys Don't Leave.

Chris Lowell
Christopher Lowell (born October 17, 1984) is an American actor. He is best known for playing the roles of Stosh "Piz" Piznarski in the television series Veronica Mars (2006–2007), William "Dell" Parker in the television series Private Practice (2007–2010), Sebastian "Bash" Howard in the television series GLOW (2017–2019), and Jesse Walker in How I Met Your Father (2022-2023). He has also appeared in films, notably Up in the Air (2009), The Help (2011), and Promising Young Woman (2020), all of which were nominated for the Academy Award for Best Picture.

Lowell made his directorial debut with the film Beside Still Waters (2013), which he also co-produced and co-wrote the screenplay for.
Vasavi Penugonda
Penugonda, officially known as Vasavi Penugonda is a  historic town in West Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh known as the birthplace of the goddess Vasavi Kanyaka Parameswari.

Narasapuram to Nidadavolu main line passes through Penugonda. It is the junction for the people to go to Rajahmundry, Nidadavolu, Palakollu, Pekeru, Tanuku, and Bhimavaram.

North Peravali Mandal, South Achanta mandal and Poduru mandal, East Godavari River, West Iragavaram mandal and Penumantra mandal sharing boundaries with Vasavi Penugonda.

Nidadavolu
Nidadavolu is a town in East Godavari district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is a Newly declared special grade municipality and the mandal headquarters of Nidadavolu mandal in Kovvur revenue division.
Yolanda of Lusignan
Yolanda of Lusignan or Yolande I de Lusignan, Countess of La Marche (24 March 1257 – 30 September 1314) was a French noblewoman and peeress.

In 1308, she succeeded her brother Guy I as suo jure Dame of Lusignan, of Couhé and of Peyrat, and suo jure Countess of La Marche; but not as Countess of Angoulême since after her brother's death the county was sold by her sisters, Joan and Isabelle, to King Philip IV and annexed to the French Crown. Yolanda was also the heiress of Fougères, which she succeeded to upon her mother's death sometime after 1273.

Fougères
Fougères (French: [fuʒɛʁ] ⓘ; Breton: Felger; Gallo: Foujerr) is a commune and a sub-prefecture of the Ille-et-Vilaine department, located in Brittany, northwestern France. As of 2017, Fougères had 20,418 inhabitants. The Fougères area comprises approximately 88,000 inhabitants and is currently growing, unlike the town centre.
Mohamed Ben Ghalbon
Mohamed Ben Ghalbon is the founder and chairman of the Libyan Constitutional Union, and one of Colonel Gaddafi’s staunchest political opponents in exile. He is the leading advocate for the call for adherence to constitutional legitimacy (1951 Constitution) in confronting the regime of Muammar Gaddafi.

Libyan interim Constitutional Declaration
The Constitutional Declaration is the current supreme law of Libya, introduced due to the overthrow of the Gaddafi government in the Libyan Civil War. It was finalised on 3 August 2011 by the National Transitional Council, and is intended to remain in effect until a permanent constitution is written and ratified in a referendum. The document was publicly announced at a press conference of 10 August by Abdul Hafiz Ghoga, Vice President and official spokesman of the NTC.

The document consists of 37 articles in five sections. Articles 1–6 state general provisions regarding Libya as a state. Articles 7–15 specify civil rights and public freedoms. Articles 17–29 specify the operation of the interim government. Articles 30–32 guarantee an independent judiciary. Articles 33–37 are "conclusive provisions".

The Constituent Assembly of Libya was elected in 2014. It prepared the 2017 draft Libyan constitution which it approved by a two-thirds majority in July 2017.
John Wilson (soccer)
John Wilson (born October 26, 1977, in Seneca, South Carolina) is an American former professional soccer player who spent the majority of his career with the Charleston Battery, playing mostly as a left fullback. Wilson finished his career with 269 appearances for Charleston, second only to Dusty Hudock in club history.

Dusty Hudock
David "Dusty" Hudock (born September 4, 1972, in Cleveland, Ohio) is an American former professional soccer player who played as a goalkeeper. Hudock began his career in the APSL, playing primarily for the Seattle Sounders, before moving to the Charleston Battery of the A-League and USL First Division.
Oxibendazole
Oxibendazole is a benzimidazole drug that is used to protect against roundworms, strongyles, threadworms, pinworms and lungworm infestations in horses and some domestic pets. Like mebendazole, Oxibendazole inhibits tubulin polymerization. It is usually white to yellowish in appearance, and may take the form of a powder, tablet or paste.

Mebendazole
Mebendazole (MBZ), sold under the brand name Vermox among others, is a medication used to treat a number of parasitic worm infestations. This includes ascariasis, pinworm infection, hookworm infections, guinea worm infections and hydatid disease, among others.  It has been used for treatment of giardiasis but is not a preferred agent.  It is taken by mouth.

Mebendazole is usually well tolerated. Common side effects include headache, vomiting, and ringing in the ears. If used at large doses it may cause bone marrow suppression. It is unclear if it is safe in pregnancy.  Mebendazole is a broad-spectrum antihelminthic agent of the benzimidazole type.

Mebendazole came into use in 1971, after it was developed by Janssen Pharmaceutica in Belgium. It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. Mebendazole is available as a generic medication.
Cucuana Fault
The Cucuana Fault (Spanish: Falla Cucuana) is a dextral strike-slip fault in the departments of Tolima and Cundinamarca in Colombia. The fault has a total length of 141.4 kilometres (87.9 mi) and runs along an average east-northeast to west-southwest strike of 067.9 ± 6 crossing the Middle Magdalena Valley from the Central towards the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes.

Cordillera Oriental (Colombia)
The Cordillera Oriental (English: Eastern Ranges) is the widest of the three branches of the Colombian Andes. The range extends from south to north, dividing from the Colombian Massif in Huila Department to Norte de Santander Department where it splits into the Serranía del Perijá and the Cordillera de Mérida in Venezuelan Andes. The highest peak is Ritacuba Blanco at 5,410 m (17,750 ft) in the Sierra Nevada del Cocuy.
Metropolitan Cattle Market
The Metropolitan Cattle Market (later Caledonian Market), just off the Caledonian Road in the parish of Islington (now the London Borough of Islington) was built by the City of London Corporation and was opened in June 1855 by Prince Albert. The market was supplementary to the meat market at Smithfield and was established to remove the difficulty of managing live cattle at that latter site.

London Borough of Islington
The London Borough of Islington (/ˈɪzlɪŋtən/ ⓘ IZ-ling-tən) is a borough in North London, England. Forming part of Inner London, Islington has an estimated population of 215,667. It was formed in 1965, under the London Government Act 1963, by the amalgamation of the metropolitan boroughs of Islington and Finsbury.

The new entity remains the second smallest borough in London and the third-smallest district in England. The borough contains two Westminster parliamentary constituencies; Islington North, represented by former Labour Party leader Jeremy Corbyn, and Islington South & Finsbury represented by Labour MP Emily Thornberry. The local authority is Islington Council. The borough is home to football club Arsenal, one of the Premier League clubs in England, and its home Emirates Stadium.
Astra A-80
The Astra A-80 is a double-action, semi-automatic pistol at one time produced in Spain by Astra-Unceta y Cia SA.  The design is similar to the SIG Sauer P220 and features a decocking lever.  The A-80 provided the first SIG-styled .45 ACP with a nine round, double-stacked magazine. Thirty years later, SIG introduced their own version, the P227, in 2013.

SIG Sauer P220
The SIG Sauer P220 is a semi-automatic pistol designed in 1975 by the SIG Arms AG division of Schweizerische Industrie Gesellschaft (now SIG Holding AG), and produced by J. P. Sauer & Sohn, in Eckernförde. It is currently manufactured by both SIG Sauer companies: SIG Sauer GmbH, of Eckernförde, Germany; and SIG Sauer, Inc., of New Hampshire, United States.
Music of Cape Verde
Cape Verde is known internationally for morna, a form of folk music usually sung in the Cape Verdean Creole, accompanied by clarinet, violin, guitar and cavaquinho. Funaná, Coladeira, Batuque and Cabo love are other musical forms.

Cavaquinho
The cavaquinho (pronounced [kɐvɐˈkiɲu] in Portuguese) is a small Portuguese string instrument in the European guitar family, with four wires or gut strings.

A cavaquinho player is called a cavaquista.
ROKS Yi Cheon
ROKS Yi Cheon (SS-062) is the second ship of the Jang Bogo-class submarine of the Republic of Korea Navy, and was the second submarine to serve with the navy. She is one of Jang Bogo-class submarines to be built in South Korea.

Jang Bogo-class submarine
The Jang Bogo-class submarine (Hangul: 장보고급 잠수함, Hanja: 張保皐級潛水艦) or KSS-I (Korean Submarine-I) is a variant of the Type 209 diesel-electric attack submarine initially developed by Howaldtswerke-Deutsche Werft (HDW) of Germany, intended for service with the South Korean Navy and Indonesian Navy. A Daewoo (DSME)-upgraded model of the Jang Bogo class Type 209 was exported by Korea to Indonesia in 2012, amid heavy competition from Russian, French, and German-Turkish consortiums including from Germany's original Type 209. The variant was considered for possible purchase by Thailand as well, as both newly built and second-hand options. The class is named for ancient Korean maritime figure Jang Bogo.
Muchacha (song)
"Muchacha" is a song by Cuban reggaeton duo Gente de Zona and American singer Becky G. Written by Alexander Delgado, Daniel Joel Márquez Díaz, Randy Malcom, Alejandro Arce, Ángel Alberto Arce, Elena Rose, Paul Irizarry Suau, Juan Morelli, Yasmil Jesús Marrufo, Luis Eduardo Cedeno Konig, Roque Alberto Cedeno Konig, it was released by Sony Latin on April 23, 2020.

Gente de Zona
Gente de Zona (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈxente ðe ˈsona]; lit. 'Locals') is a Cuban reggaeton duo made up of musicians Alexander Delgado and Randy Malcom Martínez. In 2016, the duo gained success with the song "Bailando" with Enrique Iglesias. This hit gave the duo numerous prestigious awards including the Latin Grammy and Latin Billboard Award. The duo was known for its Cubatón hits before succeeding on the international stage with major hits and collaborations that infused "tropical" rhythms to mainstream pop and urban music. Their song "Bailando" (with Enrique Iglesias) became the first Spanish language song to get 1 billion views on YouTube and their song "La Gozadera" has been described by many as "Latin America's official hymn."
Terence Hines
Terence Michael Hines (born 22 March 1951) is an American academic and researcher. A fellow of the Committee for Skeptical Inquiry, Hines is the author of Pseudoscience and the Paranormal which focuses on the fields of pseudoscience and the paranormal in the United States. He has also, controversially, authored papers expressing doubts about the existence of the G-spot.

G-spot
The G-spot, also called the Gräfenberg spot (after German gynecologist Ernst Gräfenberg), is characterized as an erogenous area of the vagina that, when stimulated, may lead to strong sexual arousal, powerful orgasms and potentially female ejaculation. It is typically reported to be located 5–8 cm (2–3 in) up the anterior vaginal wall (towards the urinary system), and is a sensitive area that may be part of the female prostate.

The existence of the G-spot as a distinct structure has not been proven, nor has the source of female ejaculation. Although it has been studied since the 1940s, disagreement persists over its definition and location. The G-spot may be an extension of the clitoris, which may be the actual cause of vaginal orgasms. Sexologists and other researchers are concerned that women may consider themselves to be dysfunctional if they do not experience G-spot stimulation, and emphasize that not experiencing it is normal.
Abdelkader Harichane
Abdelkader Harichane (in Arabic عبد القادر حريشان); born 26 May 1953 in Boukadir, Chlef Province, Algeria) is an Algerian writer and journalist. He is the author of several investigations, essays, and novels dealing with Algeria's political history, the Hirak movement, and international issues such as Palestine.

Boukadir
Boukadir is a town and commune in Chlef Province, Algeria. According to the 1998 census it has a population of 41,655.

The town of Boukadir extends 225 km ² of flat semi arid forest.
It has 95% Electrification and 33% Natural Gases.
Sparganium natans
Sparganium natans is a species of bur-reed known by the common names least bur-reed and small bur-reed. It is a water circumboreal plant inhabiting North America, Europe, West Asia and Japan. It is usually found submersed in shallow, calm water. This bur-reed has thin, flexible, grasslike leaves which float in the water. Plants that spend more time out of water at the waterline are tougher and have shorter leaves. The plant bears two inflorescences, the staminate type being a rounded white filamentous ball and the pistillate type a sphere of thick, green, pointy peduncles. The fruits are small green or brown achenes.

Sparganium
Sparganium (bur-reed) is a genus of flowering plants, described as a genus by Linnaeus in 1753. It is widespread in  wet areas in temperate regions of both the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. The plants are perennial marsh plants that can grow to 3.5 m (depending on the species), with epicene flowers.

It was previously placed alone in the family Sparganiaceae. Sparganium is closely related to the Typhaceae and the APG III system (2009) includes Sparganium in that family. It has been determined from phylogenetic analysis to be the closest living relative of the genus Typha (cat-tail).
Public Law 113-127
Pub. L. 113–127 (text) (PDF) (H.R. 2388) is a United States public law that would take specified federal land in El Dorado County, California, into trust for the Shingle Springs Band of Miwok Indians. The United States Secretary of the Interior would be responsible for carrying this out.

The bill passed both the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate during the 113th United States Congress. President Barack Obama signed into law on July 16, 2014, making it Pub. L. 113–127 (text) (PDF).

El Dorado County, California
El Dorado County (/ˌɛl dəˈrɑːdoʊ/ ⓘ; El Dorado, Spanish for "The Golden one"), officially the County of El Dorado, is a county located in the U.S. state of California, named after the mythical city of El Dorado.
As of the 2020 census, the population was 191,185. The county seat is Placerville. The county is part of the Sacramento-Roseville-Arden-Arcade, CA Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is located entirely in the Sierra Nevada, from the historic Gold Country in the western foothills to the High Sierra in the east. El Dorado County's population has grown as Greater Sacramento has expanded into the region. Where the county line crosses US 50 at Clarksville, the distance to Sacramento is 15 miles (24 km). In the county's high altitude eastern end at Lake Tahoe, environmental awareness and environmental protection initiatives have grown along with the population since the 1960 Winter Olympics, hosted at the former Squaw Valley Ski Resort in neighboring Placer County.
Committees of the Knesset
Committees of the Knesset (Hebrew: ועדות הכנסת) operate within the Knesset and are its subsidiary institutions entrusted with specific matters.

The committees are an important executive arm of the Knesset's work and are structured in the form of the party power relations of the Knesset composition. The purpose of their establishment is to reduce the workload of debates in the plenum and to enable closer supervision and monitoring of focused areas of action.

State Control Committee
State Control Committee (Hebrew: הוועדה לענייני ביקורת המדינה) is a permanent Knesset committee which oversees issues of supreme audit institution and the ombudsman institution. The committee was established in the Eighth Knesset, and its first meeting was held on 26 February 1974.
Fremantle-class patrol boat
The Fremantle-class patrol boats were coastal patrol vessels operated by the Royal Australian Navy (RAN) from 1979 to 2007. Designed by British shipbuilder Brooke Marine and constructed in Australia by NQEA, the Fremantle class were larger, more powerful, and more capable than the preceding Attack class, and the two primary patrol boat bases required infrastructure upgrades to support them. Although up to 30 vessels were planned, fifteen were ordered and constructed, with an unexercised option for five more.

Their retirement was announced in 2001 and a decommissioning schedule published in 2004. From May 2005 they were replaced by the Armidale-class patrol boats with the last two Fremantles decommissioning in May 2007. Most of the class were scrapped, with two marked for preservation as museum ships. The Fremantle class has also appeared in two drama television series based on the Royal Australian Navy.

Brooke Marine
Brooke Marine (also known as J.W. Brooke & Co. and Brooke Yachts) was a Lowestoft-based shipbuilding firm. The company constructed boats and small ships for civilian and commercial use, as well as minor warships for the Royal Navy, Royal Navy of Oman, Royal Australian Navy, Kenya Navy and United States Navy.

The company was founded in 1874 as a foundry by John Walter Brooke and expanded into boatbuilding and shipbuilding in the early 1900s. It operated until 1992.
Thomas Means
Thomas Williamson Means (November 3, 1803 – June 8, 1890) was a settler of Hanging Rock, Ohio, and a native of South Carolina. Together with his brother Hugh he became notable in Ashland, Kentucky, after he built the Buena Vista Furnace and became a director of the Kentucky Coal, Iron & Manufacturing Company. He was also the father of Ashland Mayor John Means. Means owned furnaces in Alabama, Kentucky, Ohio, and Virginia.

Ashland, Kentucky
Ashland is a home rule-class city in Boyd County, Kentucky, United States. It is located on the southern bank of the Ohio River at the state border with Ohio and near West Virginia. The population was 21,625 at the 2020 census, making it the most populous city in Boyd County. It is a principal city of the Huntington–Ashland metropolitan area, referred to locally as the "Tri-State area" and home to 376,155 residents in 2020. Ashland serves as an important economic and medical center for northeastern Kentucky.