hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Georg von Békésy
Georg von Békésy (Hungarian: Békésy György, pronounced [ˈbeːkeːʃi ˈɟørɟ]; 3 June 1899 – 13 June 1972) was a Hungarian-American biophysicist.

By using strobe photography and silver flakes as a marker, he was able to observe that the basilar membrane moves like a surface wave when stimulated by sound. Because of the structure of the cochlea and the basilar membrane, different frequencies of sound cause the maximum amplitudes of the waves to occur at different places on the basilar membrane along the coil of the cochlea. High frequencies cause more vibration at the base of the cochlea while low frequencies create more vibration at the apex.

He concluded that his observations showed how different sound wave frequencies are locally dispersed before exciting different nerve fibers that lead from the cochlea to the brain.

In 1961, he was awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for his research on the function of the cochlea in the mammalian hearing organ.

Stroboscope
A stroboscope, also known as a strobe, is an instrument used to make a cyclically moving object appear to be slow-moving, or stationary. It consists of either a rotating disk with slots or holes or a lamp such as a flashtube which produces brief repetitive flashes of light.  Usually, the rate of the stroboscope is adjustable to different frequencies.  When a rotating or vibrating object is observed with the stroboscope at its vibration frequency (or a submultiple of it), it appears stationary.  Thus stroboscopes are also used to measure frequency.

The principle is used for the study of rotating, reciprocating, oscillating or vibrating objects.  Machine parts and vibrating string are common examples.  A stroboscope used to set the ignition timing of internal combustion engines is called a timing light.
Vincetoxicum forsteri
Vincetoxicum forsteri is a species of plant in the dogbane family Apocynaceaethat is endemic to Australia (New South Wales and Queensland). It was first described by Paul Irwin Forster in 1992 as Tylophora linearis.

Paul Irwin Forster
Paul Irwin Forster (born 1961) is an Australian botanist.  He obtained his doctorate from the University of Queensland in 2004 with his thesis The pursuit of plants : studies on the systematics, ecology and chemistry of the vascular flora of Australia and related regions.

He has worked at the Queensland Herbarium since 1991 as a plant taxonomist and has been editor of Austrobaileya  since 2005. His research interests are the systematics of vascular plants and reproductive and conservation biology of cycads.

He has also published extensively on plant-insect interactions ( See, e.g.,) and on the family Apocynaceae.
Yesharah Society
The Yesharah Society is a social organization of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church) for women who have returned from serving as missionaries. The organization was created in December 1928 under the name Y Missionary Women. In 1932, the name of the society was changed to Yesharah, a Hebrew word meaning upright, just, good, or pleasing. The Yesharah Society reached its peak popularity in the 1950s and 1960s, but began to decline at the end of the 20th century.: 198  Although the organization still exists today, most of the chapters are beginning to fade away.: 199

Jennie B. Knight
Lucy Jane ("Jennie") Brimhall Knight (December 13, 1875 – March 31, 1957(1957-03-31) (aged 81)) was a leader in the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church). She was also one of the first two single female missionaries of the LDS Church.
Tere Glassie
Tere Glassie (born 1 December 1977) is a former professional rugby league footballer who played as a prop, second-row or loose forward in the 1990s, 2000s and 2010s.

He played at representative level for the Cook Islands, and at club level for the South Sydney Rabbitohs, Balmain Tigers (non-first grade), Newtown Jets (three spells), Wests Magpies (non-first grade), Oldham R.L.F.C., Leigh Centurions, Castleford Tigers, Dewsbury Rams and Mounties (captain)

Cook Islands national rugby league team
The Cook Islands national rugby league team have represented the Cook Islands in international rugby league football since 1986. Administered by the Cook Islands Rugby League Association (CIRLA), the team has competed at three Rugby League World Cups, in 2000, 2013 and 2021.
Spinning Wheel (song)
"Spinning Wheel" is a song recorded in 1968 by jazz fusion/rock band Blood, Sweat & Tears; it was written by Canadian lead vocalist David Clayton-Thomas and included on their eponymous album, released in 1968.

The song, released as a single in 1969, peaked at no. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in July that year, remaining in the runner-up position for three weeks.  "Spinning Wheel" was kept out of the no. 1 position by both "The Love Theme from Romeo and Juliet" by Henry Mancini and "In the Year 2525" by Zager and Evans. In August that year, the song topped the Billboard Easy Listening chart for two weeks. It was also a crossover hit, reaching No.45 on the US R&B chart.

"Spinning Wheel" was nominated for three Grammy Awards at the 1970 ceremony, winning in the category Best Instrumental Arrangement. The arranger for the song was the band's saxophonist, Fred Lipsius. It was nominated for Record of the Year and Song of the Year; the album won the Grammy for Album of the Year.

In the Year 2525
"In the Year 2525 (Exordium & Terminus)" is a 1969 hit song by the American pop-rock duo of Zager and Evans. A "one-hit wonder", it reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 for six weeks commencing July 12, 1969. It peaked at No. 1 in the UK Singles Chart for three weeks in August and September that year. The song was written and composed by Rick Evans in 1964 and released on Truth Records in 1968. It was picked up by RCA Records.

Their follow-up single on RCA Victor, "Mr. Turnkey", reached No. 48 in the Canadian pop charts and number 41 in the Canadian AC chart. Another single, "Listen to the People", charted at No. 100 and No. 96 in Canada.
Emme Fahu Dhuvas
Emme Fahu Dhuvas is a 2000 Maldivian drama film directed by Easa Shareef. Produced by Seven Private Limited, the film stars Reeko Moosa Manik, Hassan Afeef, Niuma Mohamed and Mariyam Nazima in pivotal roles.

Reeko Moosa Manik
Moosa Manik (born 9 February 1961) also known as Reeko Moosa Manik is a Maldivian entrepreneur and former actor and politician. He also served as the deputy speaker of the Maldives Parliament, and former chairman of the Maldivian Democratic Party. He was a member of parliament Hulhuhenveiru constituency.
Fiona Lortan
Fiona Lortan is a South African national who is the Deputy Special Representative of the AU Commission  Chairperson (DSRCC) for Somalia and Deputy Head of Mission. She assumed this office in February 2022.

Chairperson of the African Union Commission
The Chairperson of the African Union Commission is the head of the African Union Commission (AUC). They are the Chief Executive Officer, legal representative of the African Union (AU), and the Commission’s Chief Accounting Officer. They are elected for a four-year term, renewable once, by the Assembly of the African Union.

The position was preceded by the Secretary General of the OAU, and the role became more powerful upon the formation of the AU. The Chairperson is responsible for the Commission's finances and administration, promoting its objectives, dealing with key stakeholders (member states, development partners, regional blocs etc.), appointing and managing Commission staff, and storing AU and OAU treaties and legal instruments.
Muhammad Shamsuddeen III
Sultan Muhammad Shamsuddeen Iskander III, CMG, (Dhivehi: ސުލްޠާން މުޙައްމަދު ޝަމްސުއްދީން; 20 October 1879 – 12 March 1935), son of Ibrahim Nooraddeen and Kakaage Don Goma, was the Sultan of the Maldives first from 7 May 1893 and then again from 1902.

Muhammad Imaaduddeen VI
Sultan Haji Muhammad Imaaduddeen VI Iskandar was the sultan of the Maldives from 1893 to 1902. Sultan Imaaduddeen was born on 25 October 1868 to Prince Hassan Izzuddeen and Maandhoogey Dhon Didi. He was the younger half brother of Sultan Muhammad Mueenuddeen II [Kuda Bandaarain] and the grandson of Sultan Muhammad Imaduddeen IV of the Maldive islands. Despite being the eldest son of the latter, his father Prince Hassan Izzuddeen was removed from the line of succession on account of his blindness.

Sultan Imaaduddeen VI ascended the throne on 20 July 1893. After his Hajj pilgrimage he became famous with the name as Haji Imaadudeen. He spoke fluent Urdu and Arabic. Sultan Imaaduddeen VI went to Egypt to marry his fiancé Sharifaa Hanim, and while he was there he was deposed from the throne.

He died on 30 September 1932 and was buried in Cairo, the capital of Egypt.
Bobby Evans (baseball)
Robert Carlton Evans (born 1969) is an American professional baseball executive for the San Francisco Giants of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously served as San Francisco's general manager from 2015 to 2018.

General manager (baseball)
In Major League Baseball, the general manager (GM) of a team typically controls player transactions and bears the primary responsibility on behalf of the ballclub during contract discussions with players.
Giuseppe Avanzi
Giuseppe Avanzi (30 August 1645 – 29 May 1718) was an Italian painter of the Baroque period, active  mainly in Ferrara.

He trained with Cattaneo in Ferrara. He was a prolific painter of religious canvases in his natal city, including for the Certosa of Ferrara and the church of the Madonna della Pieta.

Francesco Costanzo Catanio
Francesco Costanzo Catanio, (1602 – 3 July 1665) was a painter of the Italian Baroque period, born and mainly active in Ferrara. He was variously known as Catanio, Cattani, Cattaneo, or Cattanio, sometimes without the forename Francesco.
Ricciarda Malaspina
Ricciarda Malaspina (3 or 6 March 1497 – 13 or 16 June 1553) was an Italian noblewoman, who was marquise of Massa and lady of Carrara from 1519 to 1546, and again from May 1547 until her death in 1553. She was ultimately succeeded by her younger son Alberico I.

Maria Beatrice d'Este, Duchess of Massa
Maria Beatrice d'Este (Maria Beatrice Ricciarda; 7 April 1750 – 14 November 1829) was the last descendant of the House of Este, of the House of Cybo-Malaspina and, through her maternal grandmother Ricciarda Gonzaga, also of the Novellara branch of the House of Gonzaga. Ducal princess of Modena and Reggio, she became the sovereign duchess of Massa and Carrara from 1790 until 1796 and from 1815 until her death in 1829. Through her marriage, she was co-founder of the new branch, House of Austria-Este.
2019 Sunda Strait earthquake
The 2019 Sunda Strait earthquake occurred on the night of 2 August 2019, when a magnitude 6.9 earthquake rattled Sunda Strait at a moderate depth of 52.8 kilometres. The epicentre was located 214 km from Bandar Lampung, the capital of Lampung and 147 km west of Sumur, Pandeglang Regency. The earthquake struck with a maximum intensity of VI (Strong). The earthquake prompted a tsunami warning in the area, with authorities urging coastal residents to immediately evacuate to higher grounds.

The earthquake was the largest earthquake to have hit Jakarta and West Java since 2009, when a magnitude 7.0 struck Java killing 81 people. In the aftermath, the earthquake damaged a total of 505 structures across Banten and West Java. The earthquake caused 8 deaths, 8 injuries and displaced a total of 33 people. All of the deaths were indirectly caused by the earthquake.

2009 West Java earthquake
An earthquake occurred on September 2, 2009, at 14:55:01 local time in West Java, Indonesia. The magnitude 7.0 earthquake killed at least 81 people, injured over 1,297, and displaced over 210,000 (including more than 140,000 in Tasikmalaya regency). The quake was felt in the capital Jakarta, although damage there was minimal, and it was Indonesia's deadliest earthquake since the 2006 Pangandaran earthquake and tsunami.
Justin Castellaro
Justin Castellaro (born 7 September 1990) is an Australian rugby league footballer who represented Italy at the 2017 World Cup. He played for the Northern Pride in the Intrust Super Cup. He primarily played on the wing or centre.

Northern Pride RLFC
Northern Pride Rugby League Football Club is a semi-professional Queensland rugby league club based in Cairns. Founded in 2007 they represent Far North Queensland, and compete in Queensland's top rugby league competition, QRL's Queensland Cup.

Since 2008, the club have been minor-premiers three times (2013, 2014 and 2024), and have appeared in ten finals series, reaching the Grand Final three times (runners-up in 2009 and winners in 2010 and 2014). In 2014 they won the NRL State Championship.

Along with the Mackay Cutters they are a feeder club to National Rugby League's North Queensland Cowboys.
The Morning After (1986 film)
The Morning After is a 1986 American psychological thriller film directed by Sidney Lumet and starring Jane Fonda, Jeff Bridges, and Raul Julia. It follows a washed-up, alcoholic actress who awakens on Thanksgiving morning beside the dead body of a photographer in his loft, with no memory of the events from the night before. She attempts to uncover the truth of what occurred with the help of a former police officer she encounters while on the run.

Released by 20th Century Fox on Christmas Day 1986, the film received generally favorable reviews. Fonda received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Actress for her performance in the film.

Thanksgiving
Thanksgiving or Thanksgiving Day is a national holiday celebrated on various dates in October and November in the United States, Canada, Saint Lucia, Liberia, and unofficially in countries like Germany. It is also observed in the Australian territory of Norfolk Island. It began as a day of giving thanks for the blessings of the harvest and of the preceding year. Various similarly named harvest festival holidays occur throughout the world during autumn. Although Thanksgiving has historical roots in religious and cultural traditions, it has long been celebrated as a secular holiday as well.
Obernkirchen Sandstein
The Obernkirchen Sandstein or Obernkirchen Sandstone is a geological unit in Lower Saxony, Germany whose strata date back to the Early Cretaceous. The remains of the dinosaur Stenopelix and numerous dinosaur tracks are known from the unit. The unit is a thin interval within the Bückeberg Formation As its name would suggest the lithology primarily consists of sandstone with thin intercalations of coal. This was deposited in a sandy barrier to lagoonal complex setting. The unit has historically been extensively quarried for its high quality building stone, which has been used as far away as Jakarta.

Bückeberg Formation
The Bückeberg Formation is a geologic formation and Lagerstätte in Germany. It preserves fossils dating back to the Berriasian of the Cretaceous period. The Bückeberg Formation has previously been considered to constitute the "German Wealden" in reference to its similarity to the Wealden Group in the United Kingdom. More recently it has been considered a group, containing the Isterberg and Deister Formations. The plesiosaur Brancasaurus, an indeterminate ankylosaur referred to Hylaeosaurus, the turtle Dorsetochelys are known from the formation.
ESPNU
ESPNU is an American multinational digital cable and satellite sports television channel owned by ESPN Inc., a joint venture between the Walt Disney Company (which owns a controlling 72% stake via indirect subsidiary ABC Inc.), Hearst Communications (which owns 18%), and the National Football League (which owns 10%). The channel is primarily dedicated to coverage of college athletics, and is also used as an additional outlet for general ESPN programming. ESPNU is based alongside its sister networks at ESPN's headquarters in Bristol, Connecticut.

As of November 2023, ESPNU is available to approximately 36,000,000 pay television households in the United States, down from its 2014 peak of 75,000,000 households.

Bristol, Connecticut
Bristol is a suburban city located in Hartford County, Connecticut, United States, 20 miles (32 km) southwest-west of Hartford. The city is also 120 miles southwest from Boston, and approximately 100 miles northeast of New York City. The city is part of the Naugatuck Valley Planning Region. As of the 2020 census, the population of the city was 60,833.

Bristol is the location of the general headquarters of ESPN, the location of Lake Compounce, the United States's oldest continuously operating theme park, and is facing approval in 2024 to become home to one of the largest biomedical waste incineration operations in the United States.

Bristol was known as a clock-making city in the 19th century, and is the location of American Clock & Watch Museum. Bristol is also the site of the former American Silver Company and its predecessor companies.

Bristol's nickname is the "Mum City", because it was once a leader in chrysanthemum production and still holds an annual Bristol Mum Festival.
Yakutat Tlingit Tribe
The Yakutat Tlingit Tribe is a federally recognized Tlingit Alaska Native tribal entity.

Other federally recognized Tlingit tribes include the Central Council of the Tlingit & Haida Indian Tribes, the Douglas Indian Association, Skagway Village, the Organized Village of Kake, the Sitka Tribe of Alaska, and the Wrangell Cooperative Association.

Douglas Indian Association
The Douglas Indian Association is a federally recognized Native American tribe of Inland Tlingit people. This Alaska Native tribe is headquartered in Juneau, Alaska.

They have 800 enrolled citizens. The tribe is also called Taku Native Tribes, and most tribal citizens belong to the T'aaḵu Kwáan, while some belong to the A'akw Kwáan.
Raptor Education Group
Raptor Education Group, Inc (REGI) is a 501(c)(3) non-profit organization in Antigo, Wisconsin, United States, dedicated to caring for injured or orphaned avian wildlife.  It works with and temporarily cares for birds from endangered or threatened species "for rehabilitation and educational purposes."

REGI is a member of the International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council, National Wildlife Rehabilitators Association, Raptor Research Foundation, and American Ornithological Society.

International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council
Founded in 1972, the International Wildlife Rehabilitation Council is a non-profit consortium of wildlife rehabilitators. IWRC began in California's Bay Area to share experiences and resources, and to "develop a professional organization through which North American rehabilitators could network and access information."
2023–24 Leinster Senior Cup
The 2024 PTSB Leinster Senior Cup was the 120th edition of the Leinster Football Association's primary competition. It included all Leinster based League of Ireland clubs from the Premier Division and First Division, as well as a selection of intermediate and amateur level sides. The competition began on the weekend of 12 August 2023. A new group stage was added after the third round with all League of Ireland clubs entering the competition.

League of Ireland First Division
The League of Ireland First Division, also known as the SSE Airtricity League First Division for sponsorship reasons, is the second-highest division in both the League of Ireland and the Republic of Ireland football league system. The division was formed in 1985 as it replaced the League of Ireland B Division as the League of Ireland's second level division. Since 2003 the First Division has operated as a summer league. The division is contested by 10 clubs.
Feyenoord Academy (Varkenoord)
Feyenoord Academy, often referred to as Varkenoord, is the youth academy of the professional football club Feyenoord located in Rotterdam, the Netherlands. The Feyenoord Academy is located at Sportcomplex Varkenoord, and has received official international youth academy status from the KNVB.

Feyenoord Academy has been voted as the best developmental system in the Netherlands, winning the Rinus Michels Award for best youth academy five years in a row since 2009. No other academy produced more players for the 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, where eleven former Feyenoord Academy players were active. In May 2010, Feyenoord Academy won the Rinus Michels Award for the first time. Ajax and Sparta Rotterdam were the other nominees. Feyenoord Academy won the award for its innovation within the academy, the overall success of its teams in the national youth leagues and the high number of players in the national youth teams.

Rinus Michels Award
The Rinus Michels Award is an annual prize in Dutch football. It is supported by the official football coaches union ("Coaches Betaald Voetbal"). The award is named after Rinus Michels, who was named coach of the century by FIFA in 1999.
The Awakening (1928 film)
The Awakening is a 1928 American synchronized sound feature film directed by Victor Fleming and starring Vilma Bánky. While the film has no audible dialog, it was released with a synchronized musical score with sound effects using both the sound-on-disc and sound-on-film process. The film was based on a story by Frances Marion.

Vilma Bánky
Vilma Bánky (born Vilma Koncsics; 9 January 1901 – 18 March 1991) was a Hungarian-American silent film actress. Although her acting career began in Budapest, and she later worked in France, Austria, and Germany, Bánky was best known for her roles in the American films The Eagle and The Son of the Sheik with Rudolph Valentino, and for several romantic teamings with Ronald Colman.
John Elwes (politician)
John Elwes MP (born John Meggot or Meggott; 7 April 1714 – 26 November 1789) was a member of parliament (MP) in Great Britain for Berkshire (1772–1784) and an eccentric miser, suggested to be an inspiration for the character of Ebenezer Scrooge in Charles Dickens' 1843 novella A Christmas Carol. Dickens made reference to Elwes in Bleak House (1853) – along with another notable 18th century miser, Daniel Dancer – and in his 1865 novel, Our Mutual Friend. Elwes was also believed to inspire William Harrison Ainsworth to create the character of John Scarfe in his 1842 novel The Miser's Daughter.

William Harrison Ainsworth
William Harrison Ainsworth (4 February 1805 – 3 January 1882) was an English historical novelist born at King Street in Manchester. He trained as a lawyer, but the legal profession held no attraction for him. While completing his legal studies in London he met the publisher John Ebers, at that time manager of the King's Theatre, Haymarket. Ebers introduced Ainsworth to literary and dramatic circles, and to his daughter, who became Ainsworth's wife.

Ainsworth briefly tried the publishing business, but soon gave it up and devoted himself to journalism and literature. His first success as a writer came with Rookwood in 1834, which features Dick Turpin as its leading character. A stream of 39 novels followed, the last of which appeared in 1881. Ainsworth died in Reigate on 3 January 1882, and was buried in Kensal Green Cemetery.
Government Issue
Government Issue was an American hardcore punk band from Washington, D.C., active from 1980 to 1989. During its nine-year run, the band went through frequent lineup changes, with vocalist John Stabb as the only constant member. At various times the group included notable musicians such as Brian Baker, Mike Fellows, Steve Hansgen, J. Robbins, and Peter Moffett.

Rooted in the Washington, D.C. hardcore scene, Government Issue later incorporated elements of heavy metal, new wave, and psychedelic rock into their sound. Although this evolution sometimes led them to be overlooked compared with other D.C. hardcore bands, their stylistic range proved influential for later punk rock groups. The band reunited for occasional shows with varying lineups, continuing until Stabb's death from stomach cancer in 2016.

Mike Fellows (musician)
Mike Fellows, also known as Miighty Flashlight, is an American musician who has performed and recorded with a variety of groups and artists since the early 1980s, notably Rites of Spring, Silver Jews and Endless Boogie, among others. During the 1990s, he was the tour manager for Mogwai.