hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
NETVC
NETVC was the name given to a planned royalty-free video codec that was intended to be developed in the former Internet Video Codec working group of the IETF. It was intended to provide a royalty-free alternative to industry standards such as H.264/AVC and HEVC that have required licensing payments for many uses. The chairs of the working group were Matthew Miller of Outer Planes and Mo Zanaty of Cisco.
A list of criteria to be met by the new video standard was produced in April 2020 as Informational RFC 8761, and the working group was closed.

High Efficiency Video Coding
High Efficiency Video Coding (HEVC), also known as H.265 and MPEG-H Part 2, is a proprietary video compression standard designed as part of the MPEG-H project as a successor to the widely used Advanced Video Coding (AVC, H.264, or MPEG-4 Part 10). The standard was published in 2013. In comparison to AVC, HEVC offers from 25% to 50% better data compression at the same level of video quality, or substantially improved video quality at the same bit rate. It supports resolutions up to 8192×4320, including 8K UHD, and unlike the primarily eight-bit AVC, HEVC's higher-fidelity Main 10 profile has been incorporated into nearly all supporting hardware. The High Efficiency Image Format (HEIF) is a container format whose default codec is HEVC.

While AVC uses the integer discrete cosine transform (DCT) with 4×4 and 8×8 block sizes, HEVC uses both integer DCT and discrete sine transform (DST) with varied block sizes between 4×4 and 32×32.
Gabriel Magalhães
Gabriel dos Santos Magalhães (/mə.ɡəˈljaɪnz/ mə-ghə-LYEYENZ; Portuguese pronunciation: [ɡabɾiˈɛw dus ˈsɐ̃tuz maɡaˈʎɐ̃js]; born 19 December 1997), also simply known as Gabriel, is a Brazilian professional footballer who plays as centre-back for Premier League club Arsenal and the Brazil national team. Known for his strength, aggression, tackling and aerial threat, he is regarded as one of the best defenders in the world.

Gabriel began his senior club career at Avaí, having graduated from the club's youth academy in 2016. After Avaí achieved promotion to the Campeonato Brasileiro Série A the same year, he departed for French side Lille. Gabriel was loaned out to Troyes and Dinamo Zagreb before returning to Lille. In 2020, he signed for Arsenal in a deal worth £27m.

Gabriel made his international debut for Brazil in 2023. He scored his first international goal during 2026 FIFA World Cup qualification.

Avaí FC
Avaí Futebol Clube (Portuguese pronunciation: [avaˈi]) is a Brazilian football team from Florianópolis in Santa Catarina, founded on 1 September 1923. Their home stadium is Estádio Aderbal Ramos da Silva, also known as Ressacada, with a capacity of 17,800. They play in blue and white shirts, shorts and socks.
1973 Midlands International
The 1973 Midlands International, also known as the Omaha International, was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts at the City Auditorium in Omaha, Nebraska in the United States that was part of the 1973 USLTA Indoor Circuit. It was the fifth edition of the event and was held from January 23 through January 28, 1973. First-seeded Ilie Năstase won the singles title and earned $3,000 first-prize money after his opponent in the final, Jimmy Connors, retired with an ankle injury which he sustained in the semifinal. It was Năstase's third consecutive singles title at the event.

Ilie Năstase
Ilie Theodoriu Năstase (Romanian: [iˈli.e nəsˈtase] ⓘ; born 19 July 1946) is a Romanian former professional tennis player. He was ranked as the inaugural world No. 1 in men's singles by the Association of Tennis Professionals (ATP) for 40 weeks. Năstase is one of ten players to have won over 100 total ATP-level titles, with 64 in singles and 45 in doubles,  among which seven majors: two in singles, three in men's doubles and two in mixed doubles. He also won four Masters Grand Prix year-end championships. He was the first professional sports figure to sign an endorsement contract with Nike, doing so in 1972. Năstase also wrote several novels in French in the 1980s, and was inducted into the International Tennis Hall of Fame in 1991.
Cargoe
Cargoe is an American pop rock band from Tulsa, Oklahoma, originally formed in the late 1960s as Rubbery Cargoe, whose lone studio album, produced and engineered by Terry Manning, was released on Memphis, TN-based Ardent Records in 1972. They moved to Memphis in 1970 with the help of Robert W. Walker and Jim Peters to begin their recording career with producer Dan Penn. They later signed with Ardent Records where they recorded alongside Big Star in the original National Street Ardent Studios location, as well as the new studio built on Madison Avenue in 1971.

Keyboardist/ guitarist/ vocalist/ songwriter Bill Phillips and guitarist/ bassist/ vocalist/ songwriter Max Wisley formed the pop/rock quartet Rubbery Cargoe in the mid-1960s. The Tulsa-based group went through various incarnations, eventually choosing drummer/ vocalist/ songwriter Tim Benton and lead guitarist/ vocalist/ songwriter Tom Richard and later changed the name to Cargoe.

Cargoe epitomized the funky Tulsa sound.

Dan Penn
Dan Penn (born Wallace Daniel Pennington, November 16, 1941) is an American songwriter, singer, musician, and record producer, who co-wrote many soul hits of the 1960s, including "The Dark End of the Street" and "Do Right Woman, Do Right Man" with Chips Moman and "Cry Like a Baby" with Spooner Oldham. Penn also produced many hits, including "The Letter", by The Box Tops. He has been described as a white soul and blue-eyed soul singer.  Penn has released relatively few records featuring his own vocals and musicianship, preferring the relative anonymity of songwriting and producing.
Dan Penn produced an album on Ronnie Milsap in 1970 on Warner Bros. (AKA the Red Album)
Gal of Constant Sorrow
"Gal of Constant Sorrow" is the fourteenth episode of the twenty-seventh season of the American animated television series The Simpsons, and the 588th episode of the series overall. The episode was directed by Matthew Nastuk and written by Carolyn Omine. It aired in the United States on Fox on February 21, 2016.

In this episode, Lisa encounters a homeless woman who is musically talented and arranges a concert for her while Homer does a poor job of fixing things around the house. Natalie Maines and Kate McKinnon guest starred. Musician Bob Boilen appeared as himself. The episode received positive reviews.

Natalie Maines
Natalie Louise Maines (born October 14, 1974) is an American musician. She is the lead vocalist for the country band the Chicks.

In 1995, after leaving Berklee College of Music, Maines was recruited by the Dixie Chicks to replace their lead singer, Laura Lynch. With Maines as lead vocalist, the band earned 10 Country Music Association Awards and 13 Grammy Awards for their work between 1998 and 2007.

In 2006, the Dixie Chicks released Taking the Long Way. The album subsequently won five Grammy Awards (including Album of the Year). The Dixie Chicks' new album, Gaslighter was released on July 17, 2020. As a solo artist, Maines released the album, Mother, on May 7, 2013.
Gran Turismo 7
Gran Turismo 7 is a 2022 sim racing video game developed by Polyphony Digital and published by Sony Interactive Entertainment. It is the eighth main installment and the thirteenth overall in the Gran Turismo series, following Gran Turismo Sport (2017). The game was released for the PlayStation 4 and PlayStation 5. Gran Turismo 7 features virtual reality (VR) support with PlayStation VR2 through a free in-game update.

Gran Turismo 7 received generally positive reviews from critics, with praise for its graphics and gameplay. However, player reception was more negative, with criticism of its use of microtransactions and focus on grinding. The game was subject to intense review bombing on Metacritic, receiving the lowest Metascore for a Sony-published title.

Polyphony Digital
Polyphony Digital Inc. is an internal Japanese first-party video game development studio for PlayStation Studios. Originally a development group within Sony Computer Entertainment's Japan Studio known as Polys Entertainment, after the success of Gran Turismo in Japan, they were granted greater autonomy, reestablished as an individual company and renamed themselves Polyphony Digital. It currently has four studios: two studios in Japan, one studio in the Netherlands, and another one in the United States.
Heart Lake (Minnesota)
Heart Lake is located in northwestern Minnesota, several miles west of Lake Itasca, which is believed to be the headwaters of the Mississippi River.

Heart Lake comprises about 206 acres (83 hectares), has a maximum depth of 55 feet (17 m), consists of 3.5 miles of shoreline, and is mostly surrounded by private cabins.

Lake Itasca
Lake Itasca (/aɪˈtæskə/ eye-TASS-kə) is a small glacial lake, approximately 4.7 square kilometres (470 hectares; 1,200 acres) in area. It is located in Itasca State Park, in south-eastern Clearwater County, in the Headwaters area of north-central Minnesota, and is notable for being the headwater of the Mississippi River. It has a range depth of 20 to 35 feet (5 to 10 m) and is 1,475 feet (450 m) above sea level.

The Ojibwe name for the lake is Omashkoozo-zaaga'igan (Elk Lake). The first European explorers in the area were French Canadian and they named the lake Lac Labiche (Doe Lake, often mistranslated as Elk Lake). The name was later changed by Henry Schoolcraft to "Itasca", coined from a combination of the Latin phrase veritas caput ("true head [of the Mississippi]"). It is one of several examples of pseudo-Native American place names created by Schoolcraft.
EXSA
EXSA (stylized as exsa, and formerly Energy Exchange of Southern Africa) is a South African renewable energy trader, providing corporate clients with grid-connected energy, via a wheeling process, which is sourced from various independent renewable power production companies.

Founded in 2017 and headquartered in Cape Town, EXSA is owned by major South African investment holding company Remgro, via its Ubiquity Energy subsidiary.

Remgro
Remgro Limited is a South African investment holding company, based in Stellenbosch.

The company has interests in banking, financial services, packaging, glass products, medical services, mining, petroleum, beverage, food and personal care products, and is listed on the Johannesburg Stock Exchange.

In 2015, Forbes listed Remgro as the 9th largest publicly traded company in South Africa and 1,436th largest in the world.
Mozarthaus Vienna
The Mozarthaus Vienna (also known as the Figaro House) was Mozart's residence from 1784 to 1787. The building is located in Vienna's Old Town, not far from St. Stephen's Cathedral, and is his only surviving Viennese residence. It is now a museum.

St. Stephen's Cathedral, Vienna
St. Stephen's Cathedral (German: Stephansdom [ˈʃ͡tɛfansˌdoːm]) is a Roman Catholic church in Vienna, Austria, and the mother church of the Archdiocese of Vienna. It is the seat of the Archbishop of Vienna, Josef Grünwidl.

The current Romanesque and Gothic form of the cathedral, seen today in the Stephansplatz, was largely initiated by Duke Rudolf IV (1339–1365) and stands on the ruins of two earlier churches, the first a parish church consecrated in 1147. The most important religious building in Vienna, St. Stephen's Cathedral has borne witness to many important events in Habsburg and Austrian history and has, with its multi-coloured tile roof, become one of the city's most recognizable symbols. It has 256 stairs from the top to the bottom
The Crows of Pearblossom
The Crows of Pearblossom is a 1944 short story written by English writer Aldous Huxley. In 1967, the story was published by Random House as a children's book illustrated by Barbara Cooney. A picture book version illustrated by Sophie Blackall was published in 2011 by Abrams Books for Young Readers.

Barbara Cooney
Barbara Cooney (August 6, 1917 – March 10, 2000) was an American writer and illustrator of 110 children's books, published for over sixty years. She received two Caldecott Medals for her work on Chanticleer and the Fox (1958) and Ox-Cart Man (1979), and a National Book Award for Miss Rumphius (1982). Her books have been translated into ten languages.

For her contribution as a children's illustrator, Cooney was the U.S. nominee in 1994 for the biennial, international Hans Christian Andersen Award, the highest international recognition for creators of children's books.
Vetusodon
Vetusodon is an extinct genus of cynodonts belonging to the clade Epicynodontia. It contains one species, Vetusodon elikhulu, which is known from four specimens found in the Late Permian Daptocephalus Assemblage Zone of South Africa. With a skull length of about 18 centimetres (7.1 in), Vetusodon is the largest known cynodont from the Permian. Through convergent evolution, it possessed several unusual features reminiscent of the contemporary therocephalian Moschorhinus, including broad, robust jaws, large incisors and canines, and small, single-cusped postcanine teeth.

Cheek teeth
Cheek teeth or postcanines comprise the molar and premolar teeth in mammals. Cheek teeth are multicuspidate (having many folds or tubercles). Mammals have multicuspidate molars (three in placentals, four in marsupials, in each jaw quadrant) and premolars situated between canines and molars whose shape and number varies considerably among particular groups. For example, many modern Carnivora possess carnassials, or secodont teeth. This scissor-like pairing of the last upper premolar and first lower molar is adapted for shearing meat. In contrast, the cheek teeth of deer and cattle are selenodont. Viewed from the side, these teeth have a series of triangular cusps or ridges, enabling the ruminants' sideways jaw motions to break down tough vegetable matter. Cheek teeth are sometimes separated from the incisors by a gap called a diastema.

Cheek teeth in reptiles are much simpler as compared to mammals.
Scalar field
In mathematics and physics, a scalar field is a function associating a single number to each point in a region of space – possibly physical space. The scalar may either be a pure mathematical number (dimensionless) or a scalar physical quantity (with units).

In a physical context, scalar fields are required to be independent of the choice of reference frame. That is, any two observers using the same units will agree on the value of the scalar field at the same absolute point in space (or spacetime) regardless of their respective points of origin.  Examples used in physics include the temperature distribution throughout space, the pressure distribution in a fluid, and spin-zero quantum fields, such as the Higgs field.  These fields are the subject of scalar field theory.

Pressure
Pressure (symbol: p or P) is the force applied perpendicular to the surface of an object per unit area over which that force is distributed.: 445  Gauge pressure (also spelled gage pressure) is the pressure relative to the ambient pressure.

Various units are used to express pressure. Some of these derive from a unit of force divided by a unit of area; the SI unit of pressure, the pascal (Pa), for example, is one newton per square metre (N/m2); similarly, the pound-force per square inch (psi, symbol lbf/in2) is the traditional unit of pressure in the imperial and US customary systems. Pressure may also be expressed in terms of standard atmospheric pressure; the unit atmosphere (atm) is equal to this pressure, and the torr is defined as 1⁄760 of this. Manometric units such as the centimetre of water, millimetre of mercury, and inch of mercury are used to express pressures in terms of the height of column of a particular fluid in a manometer.
Glow plug (model engine)
A glow plug engine, or glow engine, is a type of small internal combustion engine typically used in model aircraft, model cars and similar applications. The ignition is accomplished by a combination of heating from compression, heating from a glow plug and the catalytic effect of the platinum within the glow plug on the methanol within the fuel.

Methanol
Methanol (also called methyl alcohol, wood alcohol, and wood spirit, amongst other names) is an organic chemical compound and the simplest aliphatic alcohol, with the chemical formula CH3OH (a methyl group linked to a hydroxyl group, often abbreviated as MeOH). It is a light, volatile, colorless and flammable liquid with a distinctive alcoholic odor similar to that of ethanol (potable alcohol), but is more acutely toxic than the latter.
Methanol acquired the name wood alcohol because it was once produced through destructive distillation of wood. Today, methanol is mainly produced industrially by hydrogenation of carbon monoxide.

Methanol consists of a methyl group linked to a polar hydroxyl group. With more than 20 million tons produced annually, it is used as a precursor to other commodity chemicals, including formaldehyde, acetic acid, methyl tert-butyl ether, methyl benzoate, anisole, peroxyacids, as well as a host of more specialized chemicals.
1989 Volvo Open – Women's doubles
In the 1989 Volvo Open women's doubles tennis tournament, Sandra Cecchini and Mercedes Paz were the defending champions but only Paz competed that year with Tine Scheuer-Larsen.

Paz and Scheuer-Larsen won in the final 6–2, 7–5 against Sabrina Goleš and Katerina Maleeva.

Katerina Maleeva
Katerina Georgieva Maleeva (Bulgarian: Катерина Георгиева Малеева; born 7 May 1969) is a former top 10 Bulgarian tennis player. She won eleven singles and two doubles WTA Tour titles. Her best position in the WTA rankings was No. 6 in 1990.
Iván Córdoba
Iván Ramiro Córdoba Sepúlveda (Spanish pronunciation: [iˈβaŋ ˈkoɾðoβa], born 11 August 1976) is a Colombian former professional footballer who played as a defender. He began his career in Colombia with Deportivo Rionegro and Atlético Nacional, before moving to Argentine club San Lorenzo. In 2000, he joined Italian side Inter Milan, where he spent most of his career, remaining with the club until his retirement in 2012. At international level, Córdoba played for the Colombia national team, and represented his nation at the 1998 FIFA World Cup, the 2003 FIFA Confederations Cup, and four editions of the Copa América, winning the tournament in 2001, where he scored the winning goal in the final. He was the vice-captain of Inter Milan and has also served as captain for his country's national team.

2001 Copa América final
The 2001 Copa América final was the final match of the 2001 Copa América. It was held on 29 July 2001 in Bogotá. Colombia won the match 1–0 against Mexico, becoming the seventh of sixteen participant countries to win the Copa América.
Grimm's Snow White
Grimm's Snow White is a 2012 American fantasy film produced by The Asylum and directed by Rachel Lee Goldenberg. Loosely based on the Brothers Grimm fairy tale Snow White, the film stars Jane March, Eliza Bennett and Jamie Thomas King.

Eliza Bennett
Eliza Bennett (born 17 March 1992) is an English actress and singer. Her most notable roles have been those of Meggie Folchart in the film Inkheart, Tora in the film Nanny McPhee, Susan in From Time to Time and Holly Manson in the West End musical Loserville. Bennett starred on the black comedy series Sweet/Vicious as Jules Thomas. In 2021, Bennett played Amanda Carrington in the final two seasons (2021–2022) of the series Dynasty.
Guyanese literature
Guyanese literature covers works including novels, poetry, plays and others written by people born or strongly-affiliated with Guyana. Formerly British Guiana, British language and style has an enduring  impact on the writings from Guyana, which are done in English language and utilizing Guyanese Creole. Emigration has contributed to a large body of work relating the Guyanese diaspora experience.

Guyanese Creole
Guyanese Creole (Creolese by its speakers or simply Guyanese) is an English-based creole language spoken in various forms by the majority of Guyanese people. It emerged during the Atlantic Slave Trade among enslaved Africans who were brought to Dutch, and later, British Guiana from West and Central Africa, between the mid-1600s and 1834. Many of these Africans arrived via the Caribbean islands of Barbados, and the Leeward Islands. As a result, Guyanese Creole shares key features with other Afro-Caribbean English-based creoles, particularly those of the Eastern Caribbean. It contains many African retentions and has loan words from indigenous-American languages, as well as Hindustani due to Indian acculturation.
Concerns and controversies related to UEFA Euro 2012
Concerns and controversies related to UEFA Euro 2012 covers, the themes and issues surrounding the 2012 UEFA European Football Championship in Poland and Ukraine. After Poland and Ukraine were chosen by a vote of the UEFA Executive Committee as host countries for UEFA Euro 2012, several issues arose. Preparation work proceeded more speedily in Poland than in Ukraine and, following a visit in April 2009, Michel Platini announced that all was on track and he saw no major problems. UEFA confirmed the appointment of the Polish cities of Warsaw, Poznań, Wrocław and Gdańsk. At the same meeting, an appeal for the delayed decision on the Ukrainian venues was granted to Lviv, Donetsk, and Kharkiv in order to meet specific conditions regarding infrastructure, with a warning that only Kyiv and the best prepared city of the other candidates would otherwise be used if issues were not resolved by the end of November, though it took heavy amount of time and resources

UEFA Euro 2012 Group A
Group A of UEFA Euro 2012 was played from 8 to 16 June 2012. The pool was made up of co-host Poland, Czech Republic, Greece and Russia. The top two finishing teams, Czech Republic and Greece, progressed to the quarter-finals, while Russia and Poland were eliminated from the tournament.
Andy Ellis (rugby league)
Andy Ellis (born (1984-12-15)15 December 1984), also known by the nickname of "Sniffer", is an English rugby league footballer who plays as a hooker for the Goole Vikings in RFL League 1.

He is formerly of Featherstone Rovers in the Championship, and the Wakefield Trinity Wildcats in the Super League competition.

RFL League One
The Rugby Football League's League One (known as the Betfred League One) was the third-highest division of rugby league in Britain. It was also the lowest level of professional rugby league in Britain.

Introduced in 2003 as National League 2 it was the first time British rugby league had a third tier since the old Third and Second Divisions merged  in 1998. The league was rebranded as Championship 1 in 2009, then League 1 in 2015, and League One in 2022.

The league was disbanded at the conclusion of 2025 due to the merger of the Championship and League One for the 2026 season.
2010–2012 CSV Beach Volleyball Continental Cup
10 South American nations took part in the 2010–12 Continental Beach Volleyball Cup.  In the sub-zonal round each nation was paired off with another with the winner advancing to the zonal round.  In the zonal round the five nations played a round robin with the top four advancing to the continental cup final.  In the continental cup final was played in a round robin format.  The winner will qualify a team to the 2012 Summer Olympics while second and third advance to the final olympic qualification tournament.

2010–12 Continental Beach Volleyball Cup
The 2010–12 Continental Beach Volleyball Cup (CBVC) is the qualification tournament for the beach volleyball tournament (for men and women) at the 2012 Summer Olympics.

The CBVC will take place between 1 June 2010 and 24 June 2012, with a direct elimination competition format where the winning NOC/NF(s) moves on to the next phase. The competition will consist of three phases: Sub zone, Zone and Continental Final. The five winning NOCs/NFs (one per Continental Confederation territory (Asia/Oceania, North America, South America, Europe and Africa)) per gender will qualify.

At the CBVC Final, NOCs/NFs which have already obtained two quota places will compete in a bracket separate from those NOCs/NFs still seeking a quota place(s).