hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Joe Alt
Joseph George Alt (born February 28, 2003) is an American professional football offensive tackle for the Los Angeles Chargers of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football for the Notre Dame Fighting Irish, twice earning All-American honors before being selected fifth overall by the Chargers in the 2024 NFL draft. He is the son of former Kansas City Chiefs player John Alt and younger brother of ice hockey player Mark Alt.

2024 NFL draft
The 2024 NFL draft was the 89th annual meeting of National Football League (NFL) franchises to select newly eligible players. The draft was held at Campus Martius Park and Hart Plaza in Detroit on April 25–27, 2024. The draft had an attendance of over 775,000, breaking the record previously set in 2019.

Six quarterbacks were selected in the first round—Caleb Williams, Jayden Daniels, Drake Maye, Michael Penix Jr., J. J. McCarthy, and Bo Nix—tying the record from 1983. The six were within the first 12 picks, with five in the top 10. Conversely, for the first time since the 1970 AFL–NFL merger, no quarterbacks were selected in the second through fourth rounds. Seven wide receivers were also selected in the first round, tying the record from 2004. A record 23 offensive players were selected in the first round, with 14 consecutive offensive players to start the draft.
Ballista
The ballista (Latin, from Greek βαλλίστρα ballistra and that from βάλλω ballō, "throw"), plural ballistae or ballistas, sometimes called bolt thrower, was an ancient projectile weapon that launched either bolts or stones at a distant target.

Developed from earlier Greek weapons, it relied upon different mechanics, using two levers with torsion springs instead of a tension prod (the bow part of a modern crossbow). The springs consisted of several loops of twisted skeins. Early versions projected heavy darts or spherical stone projectiles of various sizes for siege warfare. It developed into a smaller precision weapon, the scorpio, and possibly the polybolos.

Crossbow bolt
A bolt or quarrel is a dart-like projectile used by crossbows.  The word quarrel is from the Old French quarrel (> French carreau) "square thing", specialized use as quarrel d'arcbaleste (> carreau d'arbalète) "crossbow quarrel", referring to their typically square heads. Although their lengths vary, bolts are typically shorter and heavier than traditional arrows shot with longbows.
The Logic of Vegetarianism
The Logic of Vegetarianism: Essays and Dialogues is a 1899 book by British writer and social reformer Henry S. Salt. First published by The Ideal Publishing Union as part of its Vegetarian Jubilee Library series, the book presents arguments in favour of vegetarianism through a series of essays and dialogues. It discusses the subject from ethical, physiological, economic, and aesthetic perspectives and responds to common objections to a vegetarian diet.

The work was first serialised in The Vegetarian Messenger before being published in book form. A review in the same journal described it as a contribution to vegetarian literature that presented both supportive and opposing views through its format. Later editions were issued in 1906 and 1933.

Animals' Rights: Considered in Relation to Social Progress
Animals' Rights: Considered in Relation to Social Progress is an 1892 book by British writer and social reformer Henry S. Salt. He argues that animals, as sentient beings, deserve moral and legal rights based on justice, and critiques various forms of animal exploitation as incompatible with ethical social progress. It is widely considered to be the first explicit treatment of the concept of animal rights.
Treehouse (Into the Dark)
"Treehouse" is an episode of American horror anthology web television series Into the Dark that aired as the sixth episode of the show's first season. It premiered in the United States on March 1, 2019, on Hulu. The episode was written and directed by James Roday Rodriguez and stars Jimmi Simpson, Mary McCormack, Shaunette Renée Wilson, Maggie Lawson, Stephanie Beatriz, Julianna Guill, Michael Weston, Amanda Walsh, Sophia Del Pizzo, Sutton Foster, and Cass Bugge.

Mary McCormack
Mary McCormack (born February 8, 1969) is an American actress.

She has had leading roles as Justine Appleton on the series Murder One (1995–1997), as Deputy National Security Adviser Kate Harper on The West Wing (2004–2006), as Deputy U.S. Marshal Mary Shannon on In Plain Sight (2008–2012), and as Peggy on the comedy series The Kids Are Alright (2018–2019).

McCormack's film roles include Private Parts (1997), Deep Impact (1998), True Crime (1999), Mystery, Alaska (1999), K-PAX (2001), Dickie Roberts: Former Child Star (2003) and 1408 (2007).
Abdoulie Bah (politician)
Abdoulie Bah, also known as Lie Bah (born 24 June 1948, in Bathurst; died 16 June 2018, in Banjul), was a Gambian politician. From 2013 to 2018, he served as the Lord Mayor of Banjul, the capital city of the Gambia. Bah was the 15th Mayor of the city.

Banjul
Banjul (UK: /bænˈdʒuːl/, US: /ˈbɑːndʒuːl/), officially the City of Banjul, is the capital city of The Gambia. The city of Banjul is located on St Mary's Island (Banjul Island), which is in the Gambia River where it enters the Atlantic Ocean.

The population of the city proper is 26,461, with the Greater Banjul Area, which includes the City of Banjul and the Kanifing municipality, at a population of 405,809 (2024 census). The island is connected to the mainland to the west and the rest of Greater Banjul Area via bridges. There are also ferries linking Banjul to the mainland at the other side of the river.

From the 19th century until 24 April 1973, the city was known as Bathurst.
Margaret Jones (Puritan midwife)
Margaret Jones (1613 – June 15, 1648) was the first person to be executed for witchcraft in Massachusetts Bay Colony, and the second in New England (the first being Alse Young in 1647) during a witch-hunt that lasted from 1647 to 1693. Hundreds of people throughout New England were accused of practicing witchcraft during that period, including over two hundred in 1692 during the Salem Witch Trials. Prior to the Salem Witch Trials of 1692, over a forty-one year period (1647–1688), nine women, including Margaret Jones, were hanged as witches.

Jones, who resided in Charlestown, now a section of Boston, was a midwife and practiced medicine. Some of what caused her to be accused of witchcraft had to do with these practices. There are only two primary sources of information on Jones' plight: Governor John Winthrop's journal and the observations of minister John Hale, who, as a 12-year-old boy, had witnessed Jones' execution.

Alse Young
Alse Young (1615 – 26 May 1647) of Windsor, Connecticut — sometimes Achsah Young or Alice Young — was the first recorded instance of execution for witchcraft in the thirteen American colonies. She had one child, Alice Beamon (Young), born in 1640, who was also condemned for the same crime thirty years later in the 1670s, but was not hanged.
Alexander Møller
Alexander Møller (24 April 1762  – 28 December 1847) was a Norwegian physician who served at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly in 1814.

Alexander Christian Møller was born in Christiania (now Oslo), Norway. In 1792, he took his medical examination at the  University of Copenhagen. He settled the same year as a private doctor in Arendal, where from 1796 to 1835, he was district surgeon in Nedenes amt  (now Aust-Agder).

He represented Arendal at the Norwegian Constituent Assembly at Eidsvoll in 1814. He was elected to the Parliament of Norway in 1814.
Since he was the only doctor at the Assembly, he was summoned when representatives were sick or injured.

Arendal
Arendal (Urban East Norwegian pronunciation: [ˈɑ̂ːɳɖɑːɫ] ⓘ) is a municipality in Agder county in southeastern Norway. Arendal belongs to the region of Sørlandet. The administrative centre of the municipality is the city of Arendal (which is also the seat of Agder county). Some of the notable villages in Arendal include Rykene, Eydehavn, Færvik, Strengereid, Kongshavn, Kilsund, Brattekleiv, Torsbudalen, Longum, Saltrød, Staubø, Vrengen, and Kolbjørnsvik. The offices of UNEP/GRID-Arendal are also located in the city of Arendal.

The 270-square-kilometre (100 sq mi) municipality is the 273rd largest by area out of the 356 municipalities in Norway. Arendal is the 24th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 45,891. The municipality's population density is 179.9 inhabitants per square kilometre (466/sq mi) and its population has increased by 5.9% over the previous 10-year period.
Speech sound disorder
A speech sound disorder (SSD) is a speech disorder affecting the ability to pronounce speech sounds, which includes speech articulation disorders and phonemic disorders, the latter referring to some sounds (phonemes) not being produced or used correctly. The term "protracted phonological development" is sometimes preferred when describing children's speech, to emphasize the continuing development while acknowledging the delay.

A study in the United States estimated that among 6-year-olds, 5.3% of African-American children and 3.8% of white children have a speech sound disorder.

Phoneme
A phoneme (/ˈfoʊniːm/) is a set of similar speech sounds that are perceptually regarded by the speakers of a language as a single basic sound—a smallest possible phonetic unit—that helps distinguish one word from another. All languages contain phonemes (or the spatial–gestural equivalent in sign languages), and all spoken languages include both consonant and vowel phonemes. Phonemes are studied under phonology, a branch of linguistics (a discipline encompassing language, writing, speech and related matters).

Phonemes are often represented, when written, as a glyph (a character) enclosed within two forward-sloping slashes /. For example, /k/ represents the phoneme or sound used at the beginning of the English-language word cat (as opposed to, say, the /b/ of bat).
St. Martin's Day
Saint Martin's Day or Martinmas (obsolete: Martlemas), and historically called Old Halloween or Old All Hallows Eve, is the feast day of Saint Martin of Tours and is celebrated in the liturgical year on 11 November. In the Middle Ages and early modern period, it was an important festival in many parts of Europe, particularly Germanic-speaking regions. In these regions, it marked the end of the harvest season and beginning of winter and the "winter revelling season". Traditions include feasting on 'Martinmas goose' or 'Martinmas beef', drinking the first wine of the season, and mumming. In some German and Dutch-speaking towns, there are processions of children with lanterns (Laternelaufen), sometimes led by a horseman representing St Martin. The saint was also said to bestow gifts on children. In the Rhineland, it is also marked by lighting bonfires.

Mummers
Mummers were bands of men and women from the medieval to early modern era who (during public festivities) dressed in fantastic clothes and costumes and serenaded people outside their houses, or joined the party inside. Costumes were varied and might include bears, unicorns, deer (with deer hides and antlers) or rams (with rams' horns). The practice was widespread in Europe, present in England, Ireland and Scotland, with words for it in German and French. The practice dates back to the Romans and has survived in some areas (such as Scotland) and is used in the holiday tradition of Mummers' plays. It has also been revived in the modern Mummers' Parade. The practice may also be related to miming.
National Highway 57 (India, old numbering)
Former National Highway 57 linked Muzaffarpur to  Purnea in the Indian state of Bihar. It was 310 km (190 mi) long. In 2010 the national highway numbering system was rationalized and renumbered. The entire stretch of the old national highway 57 is now part of new National Highway 27.

Muzaffarpur
Muzaffarpur pronunciationⓘ is a city in the Muzaffarpur district, situated on the banks of the Burhi Gandak River in the Tirhut division of the Indian state of Bihar. It serves as the administrative headquarters of both the Tirhut division and the Muzaffarpur district. Muzaffarpur is the fourth most populous city in Bihar and is often referred to as the Capital of North Bihar.

The city is renowned for its Shahi lychee, earning it the nickname Lychee Kingdom of India.

A study conducted by the Government of Bihar identified Muzaffarpur, along with Patna, Vaishali, Gaya, and Begusarai, as one of the top five districts in the state in terms of rapid economic growth.
Atala (cycling team)
Atala (UCI team code: ATA) was a cycling team that was created in 1908 and officially retired in 1989. In 1912, the 1912 Giro d'Italia was contested by teams, and Team Atala, consisting of Carlo Galetti, Giovanni Micheletto and Eberardo Pavesi emerged as the winner (Luigi Ganna, also member of the team, retired during the fifth stage).

Luigi Ganna
Luigi Ganna (1 December 1883 – 2 October 1957) was an Italian professional road racing cyclist. He was the overall winner of the first Giro d'Italia, held in 1909, as well as the first Italian winner of the classic Milan–San Remo earlier that year. Further highlights in his career were his fifth place in the 1908 Tour de France and several podium places in Italian classic races. In 1908, he set a new Italian hour record, which he held for six years.

He was born in Induno Olona, near Varese, in Lombardy. Before becoming a professional cyclist, he worked as a bricklayer, commuting up to 100 km to work by bike.

In 1912, he started a bike brand named Ganna which was still around in 2012. In 1913, he started the Ganna Cycling team where he rode for the final three years of his career. His company sponsored the team until 1953 when they could no longer meet obligations and Nivea–Fuchs took over.
Watch Your Dreams
Watch Your Dreams (Spanish: Lucidez) is an upcoming psychological thriller directed by Gonzalo Bendala from a screenplay co-written with David Sueiro. It stars Óscar Casas, Fiona Palomo, José Coronado, and Najwa Nimri.

Najwa Nimri
Najwa Nimri Urrutikoetxea (Spanish: [ˈnaʝwa ˈnimri urutikoeˈtʃea]; born 14 February 1972) is a Spanish actress and singer.

In 1996, Nimri formed the musical duo Najwajean along with producer Carlos Jean, launching No Blood, an early instance of a trip-hop album in Spain. She first appeared in a film with a leading role in Jump into the Void (1995), eventually becoming one of the big names of 1990s and 2000s Spanish cinema. Film roles that came after her debut include performances in Passages (1996), Open Your Eyes (1997), Blinded (1997), Lovers of the Arctic Circle (1998), Asfalto (2000), Sex and Lucia (2001), and Fausto 5.0 (2001).

After spending some time on the back burner as an actress, her popularity greatly increased in the streaming era for her television work in villain roles in crime drama series Locked Up and Money Heist.
WMCN-TV
WMCN-TV (channel 44) is a television station licensed to Princeton, New Jersey, United States, serving the Philadelphia area with programming from Shop LC. It is owned by WRNN-TV Associates alongside Willow Grove, Pennsylvania–licensed independent WTVE (channel 51) and Trenton, New Jersey–licensed Class A station WPHY-CD (channel 25). WMCN-TV's studios are located on Dobbs Lane in Cherry Hill, New Jersey. Through a channel sharing agreement with PBS member station WHYY-TV (channel 12), WMCN-TV transmits using WHYY-TV's spectrum from an antenna in the Roxborough section of Philadelphia.

Shop LC
Shop LC, formerly known as Liquidation Channel and The Jewelry Channel, is an American cable television shopping channel based in Austin, Texas.The network is a subsidiary of the Indian-based Vaibhav Global Limited.

The network's reach is approximately 77 million households in the United States. The network sells inventory in a reverse auction format. It additionally airs late nights on the American broadcast networks Retro TV, LATV, and TeleXitos through a time brokerage agreement, along with varied digital subchannel coverage nationwide. The channel primarily sells jewelry, beauty, fashion, home decor and lifestyle products.
Patawalonga River
The Patawalonga River is a river located in the western suburbs of the Adelaide metropolitan area, in the Australian state of South Australia. It drains an area of flat, swampy lands formerly known as the Cowandilla Plains or The Reedbeds, which in the mid-20th century were drained by engineering works, enabling the establishment of Adelaide Airport and the development of residential housing.

Its catchment area is in the western Adelaide Hills, and it drains into Gulf St Vincent south of Glenelg. The Barcoo Outlet was completed in 2001 to divert dirty stormwater from the river mouth and out to sea and creating a small lake or lagoon at the river mouth instead. There was a large flood in 2003, which flooded homes in the vicinity.

Its name is derived from the Kaurna language, meaning "the place of the swamp gum".

Adelaide Hills
The Adelaide Hills region is located in the southern Mount Lofty Ranges east of the city of Adelaide in the state of South Australia. The largest town in the area, Mount Barker, is one of Australia's fastest-growing towns. Before British colonisation of South Australia, the area was inhabited by the Peramangk people.

The Adelaide Hills wine region comprises areas of the Adelaide Hills above 300 m (980 ft).
TouchFLO 3D
TouchFLO 3D is a graphical user interface designed by HTC. It is used in the HTC Touch Family of Pocket PCs and was preceded by TouchFLO. TouchFLO 3D has been ported to Windows Mobile and Android, and is used in the HTC Touch Diamond, Touch Pro, Touch HD, Max 4G, Touch Diamond2 and Touch Pro2. The Touch Viva, Touch 3G and Touch2 have a simpler version entitled TouchFLO 2D, where they have the same scrolling tab on the bottom of the screen, however they do not have any 3D visual effects. From the HTC Hero and HTC HD2 onwards, TouchFLO 3D has been heavily extended and is now being referred to, along with other usability improvements, as HTC Sense. The HTC Touch2 runs a version of TouchFLO 2D that is similar in style to HTC Sense.

HTC Touch2
The HTC Touch2 (also known as the HTC T3333 and HTC Mega), is a mobile telephone running the Windows Mobile operating system. The phone was designed and manufactured by HTC, and was released in Europe in November 2009. It is a middle budget smart phone featuring Windows Mobile 6.5 and Touch Flo 2D.
Audrey Tang
Tang Feng (Chinese: 唐鳳; pinyin: Táng Fèng; born 18 April 1981), also known by her English name Audrey, is a Taiwanese politician and free software programmer who served as the first Minister of Digital Affairs of Taiwan from August 2022 to May 2024. She has been described as one of the "ten greatest Taiwanese computing personalities". In August 2016, Tang was invited to join Taiwan's Executive Yuan as a minister without portfolio, making her the first transgender person and the first non-binary gender official in the top executive cabinet. Tang has identified as "post-gender" and accepts "whatever pronoun people want to describe me with online." Tang is a leader of the Haskell and Perl programming language communities, and is the core member of g0v.

Minister without portfolio
A minister without portfolio is a government minister without specific responsibility as head of a government department. The sinecure is particularly common in countries ruled by coalition governments and a cabinet with decision-making authority wherein ministers without portfolio, while they may not head any particular offices or ministries, may still receive a ministerial salary and have the right to cast a vote in cabinet decisions. The office may also exist to be given to party leaders whose offices (such as a parliamentary leader) would not otherwise enable them to sit in Cabinet.
Miler language
Miler is a West Chadic A3 language spoken in Pankshin LGA, Plateau State, Nigeria. It is spoken by about 1,000 people in three villages, which are within two small enclaves that are completely surrounded by Miship-speaking villages. It was first documented by Roger Blench in 2022.

Belnang and Tal are spoken just to the east in Shendam LGA, Plateau State.

Tal language
Tal is an Afroasiatic language spoken in Plateau State, Nigeria. Tal is spoken in a cluster of 53 villages located east of the Panyam-Shendam road. There are 6 dialects of Tal, namely Bongmuut, Buzuk, Nbaal, Muɗak, Muɗong, and Takong.
Cody Ponce
Cody Joe Ponce (born April 25, 1994) is an American professional baseball pitcher for the Toronto Blue Jays of Major League Baseball (MLB). He has previously played in MLB for the Pittsburgh Pirates, in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Hokkaido Nippon-Ham Fighters and Tohoku Rakuten Golden Eagles, and in KBO League for the Hanwha Eagles.

Ponce played college baseball for the Cal Poly Pomona Broncos. He was selected by the Milwaukee Brewers in the second round of the 2015 MLB draft, and later traded to the Pirates in 2019. He made his MLB debut with the Pirates in 2020 and played with the team through the 2021 season.

KBO League
The KBO League (Korean: KBO 리그) is a professional baseball league in South Korea. The league comprises ten teams. The KBO League was founded with six franchises in 1982 and is the most popular sports league in South Korea. The Kia Tigers are the most successful team, having won 12 of the 44 championships.

In comparison with American Major League Baseball, ESPN reports that the KBO level of play "appears to be somewhere between Double-A and Triple-A, on average, though the best players are more likely to be MLB-quality than your typical Double-A league." Historically, the KBO is known for its vocal and exuberant fan base, as well as the widespread practice of bat flips (ppa-dun (Korean: 빠던), a portmanteau of the "first syllables of the words for 'bat' and 'throw'") by hitters after striking what they think will be a home run. In the KBO, the bat flipping tradition dates to the 1990s.
Pseudorhabdosynochus hyphessometochus
Pseudorhabdosynochus hyphessometochus is a diplectanid monogenean parasitic on the gills of the yellowmouth grouper, Mycteroperca interstitialis. It has been described by Kritsky, Bakenhaster and Adams in 2015.

Delane C. Kritsky
Delane C. Kritsky is an American parasitologist who specialised on the Monogenea, a class of parasitic flatworms which are important ectoparasites of fishes. His research was mainly in the fields of taxonomy, faunistics, and phylogeny of the Monogenea.

He is a prolific author in the field of systematics of Monogenea, with hundreds of species described, and is known within his field for his co-authorship of a major revision of the Monogenea in 1993.
2023–24 Cymru North
The 2023–24 Cymru North season (also known as the 2023–24 JD Cymru North season for sponsorship reasons) was the fourth season of the second-tier northern region football league in the Welsh football pyramid.

The runners-up (Flint Town United) were promoted to the 2024–25 Cymru Premier (after league winners Holywell Town were refused a promotion licence). The bottom three teams (Chirk AAA, Llanidloes Town, and Porthmadog) were relegated to either the 2024–25 Ardal NE or 2024–25 Ardal NW.

Llanidloes Town F.C.
Llanidloes Town Football Club (Welsh: Clwb Pêl-droed Tref Llanidloes) are an association football club based in the town of Llanidloes, Wales. They currently play in the Central Wales Southern Division.