hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Calgon Carbon
Calgon Carbon Corporation is a Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania based company that manufactures and markets products that remove contaminants and odors from liquids and gases, both for industrial, municipal, and consumer markets. Calgon Carbon's product lines typically use activated carbon in various forms,

Originally formed as the Pittsburgh Coke & Chemical Company in the 1940s, the company's main operations are currently centered in North America. The company has its presence overseas such as Chemviron Carbon in Europe, Calgon Carbon Japan KK in Japan, Calgon Carbon Thailand Ltd. in Thailand, and Hyde Marine, Inc. As of 2015 Calgon Carbon operates fifteen facilities for manufacturing, reactivation, and equipment in the US, Asia, and Europe, and employs around 1,100 people. In early 2015 the company moved their headquarters from the Pittsburgh suburb of Robinson to nearby Moon Township.

Moon Township, Pennsylvania
Moon Township is a township in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States, along the Ohio River. The population was 27,261 at the 2020 census. Located 12 miles (19 km) northwest of Pittsburgh, the township is part of the Pittsburgh metropolitan area and is home to Pittsburgh International Airport.
Portugal in the Eurovision Song Contest 2020
Portugal was set to be represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2020 with the song "Medo de sentir", written by Marta Carvalho and performed by Elisa. The Portuguese participating broadcaster, Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP), organised the national final Festival da Canção 2020 in order to select its entry for the contest. After two semi-finals and a final which took place in February and March 2020, "Medo de sentir" performed by Elisa emerged as the winner after achieving the highest score following the combination of votes from seven regional juries and a public televote.

Portugal was drawn to compete in the second semi-final of the Eurovision Song Contest which took place on 14 May 2020. However, the contest was cancelled due to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Rádio e Televisão de Portugal
Rádio e Televisão de Portugal (RTP) is the public service broadcasting organisation of Portugal. It operates four national television channels and three national radio stations, as well as several satellite and cable offerings.

The current company dates from 2007, with the merger of two previously separate companies Radiodifusão Portuguesa (RDP; the radio broadcaster) and Radiotelevisão Portuguesa (television broadcaster), although they had been grouped under a single holding company and common branding since 2004.

RTP is funded by a broadcasting contribution tax which is incorporated in electricity bills, and by advertising revenues.
Madame Jeanette
Madame Jeanette is a chili pepper cultivar of the species Capsicum chinense, originally from Suriname.

The fruits are shaped like small bell peppers. Madame Jeanette chilis are very hot, rated 125,000–325,000 on the Scoville scale. The peppers ripen to reddish-yellow, similar to Scotch Bonnet peppers, but are larger and not symmetrical. Its flavour is described as "fruity", with hints of mango and pineapple. It is often confused with the yellow adjuma, which is less elongated and said to be spicier but less flavourful.
Madame Jeanette is used in almost all facets of Surinamese cuisine.
The plant is prolific, has relatively compact growth, dislikes cool sites, and will also grow indoors.

Scotch bonnet
Scotch bonnet (also known as Bonney peppers, Caribbean red peppers or Panamanian pepper
in Central America) is a variety of chili pepper named for its supposed resemblance to a Scottish tam o' shanter bonnet. It is native to the Americas—a cultivar of Capsicum chinense, which originated in the Amazon Basin, Central and South America.
Retroactive (album)
Retroactive is the fourth solo studio album by American rapper and record producer Grand Puba. It was released on June 9, 2009, via Babygrande Records. Production was handled by DJ PhD, Billy Brick, Big Throwback, Elements, Grant Parks, Large Professor, Q-Tip, and Grand Puba himself. It features guest appearances from his fellow Brand Nubian groupmates Lord Jamar and Sadat X, Kid Capri, Big Phill, Khadijah Mohammed, Large Professor, Q-Tip, Rell, Sarah Martinez, Talee and Tiffani Davis. The album did not reach the Billboard 200, however, it peaked at number 97 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart in the United States.

Brand Nubian
Brand Nubian is an American hip hop group from New Rochelle, New York, composed of three emcees (Grand Puba, Sadat X and Lord Jamar), and formerly three DJs (DJ Alamo, DJ Sincere, and DJ Stud Doogie). Their debut studio album, One for All (1990), is one of the most popular and acclaimed alternative hip hop albums of the 1990s, known for socially conscious and political lyrics inspired by the teachings of The Nation of Gods and Earths. In 2008, About.com placed the group on its list of the 25 Greatest Rap Groups of All Time.
Second Glavchev Government
The Second Glavchev Government was the 104th cabinet of Bulgaria. It was appointed by President Rumen Radev on 27 August 2024, and sworn in the same day at the National Assembly of Bulgaria. 17 out of 20 ministers were reappointed and continued their job as ministers in the same portfolios held in the preceding First Glavchev Government, with new appointments only made for the Minister of Foreign Affairs, Minister of Interior and Minister of Transport and Communications. Its tenure ended following the election of the Zhelyazkov government by the National Assembly on 16 January 2025.

First Glavchev Government
The First Glavchev Government was the 103rd cabinet of Bulgaria. It was appointed by President Rumen Radev on 9 April 2024, and sworn in the same day. The Glavchev Caretaker Cabinet was the first Caretaker Cabinet to be selected using the system created by the Constitutional Amendments of December 2023, and was the first Caretaker Cabinet to be sworn in in the presence of the National Assembly, rather than in the presence of the President.
Guest at One's Own Home
Guest at One's Own Home (Swedish: Gäst i eget hus) is a 1957 Swedish drama film directed by Stig Olin and starring Anita Björk, Lars Ekborg and Alf Kjellin. It was shot at the Centrumateljéerna Studios in Stockholm and on location around the city. The film's sets were designed by the art director Nils Nilsson.

Lars Ekborg
Lars Åke Rupert Ekborg (6 June 1926 – 7 October 1969) was a Swedish actor, comedian, and singer.

He attended the Royal Dramatic Training Academy in Stockholm.

Ekborg married Lola Sjölund. Two of their children became actors, Dan and Anders Ekborg.

He died of liver cancer in 1969. He may be heard as the recitor in the 1956 recording of Förklädd Gud by Lars-Erik Larsson with Elisabeth Söderström and Erik Saedén, conducted by Stig Westerberg. In 1967, Ekborg made an album called I Tom Lehrers vackra värld ("In the beautiful world of Tom Lehrer"), with 12 of Tom Lehrer's songs translated into Swedish. Lehrer wrote in a letter to the producer Per-Anders Boquist that, "Not knowing any Swedish, I am obviously not equipped to judge, but it sounds to me as though Mr. Ekborg is perfect for the songs", along with further compliments to pianist Leif Asp for unexpected additional flourishes.
Pretty Good for a Girl Band
Pretty Good for a Girl Band is the debut extended play (EP) by Australian rock band Teen Jesus and the Jean Teasers, released on 13 May 2022 via Domestic La La. Produced by James Tidswell and Alex Lahey, the record won Best Independent Punk Album or EP at the 2023 AIR Awards and received three other nominations for the band.

Domestic La La
Domestic La La is an Australian record label founded in 2017 by Violent Soho guitarist James Tidswell. It is a subsidiary of Unified Music Group. Prominent signings include Dear Seattle, Teen Jesus and the Jean Teasers, Teenage Joans and West Thebarton.
Augusto Murri
Augusto Murri (8 September 1841, Fermo - 11 November 1932, Bologna) was an Italian physician. Appointed to the Chair of Clinical Medicine at the University of Bologna in 1875, he was regarded as one of the most illustrious clinical doctors and innovators of his times (in Pathological Anatomy, Histology, Microbiology and Experimental Physiopathology).

Pathophysiology
Pathophysiology (or physiopathology) is a branch of study, at the intersection of pathology and physiology, concerning disordered physiological processes that cause, result from, or are otherwise associated with a disease or injury. Pathology is the medical discipline that describes conditions typically observed during a disease state, whereas physiology is the biological discipline that describes processes or mechanisms operating within an organism. Pathology describes the abnormal or undesired condition (symptoms of a disease), whereas pathophysiology seeks to explain the functional changes that are occurring within an individual due to a disease or pathologic state.
Return ratio
The return ratio of a dependent source in a linear electrical circuit is the negative of the ratio of the current (voltage) returned to the site of the dependent source to the current (voltage) of a replacement independent source. The terms loop gain and return ratio are often used interchangeably; however, they are necessarily equivalent only in the case of a single feedback loop system with unilateral blocks.

Feedback
Feedback occurs when outputs of a system are routed back as inputs as part of a chain of cause and effect that forms a circuit or loop. The system can then be said to feed back into itself. The notion of cause-and-effect has to be handled carefully when applied to feedback systems:

Simple causal reasoning about a feedback system is difficult because the first system influences the second and second system influences the first, leading to a circular argument. This makes reasoning based upon cause and effect tricky, and it is necessary to analyze the system as a whole. As provided by Webster, feedback in business is the transmission of evaluative or corrective information about an action, event, or process to the original or controlling source.
Fox Hollow (Mehoopany Creek)
Fox Hollow is a tributary of Mehoopany Creek in Wyoming County, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 0.8 miles (1.3 km) long and flows through Mehoopany Township. The watershed of the stream has an area of 1.83 square miles (4.7 km2). The Fox Hollow Swamp is listed on A Natural Areas Inventory of Wyoming County.

Mehoopany Creek
Mehoopany Creek is a tributary of the Susquehanna River in Sullivan and Wyoming counties, Pennsylvania, in the United States. It is approximately 26.8 miles (43.1 km) long. In Sullivan County the creek flows through Colley Township and in Wyoming County it flows through Forkston Township and Mehoopany Township. The stream's watershed has an area of 123 square miles (320 km2). Its major tributaries include Stony Brook and North Fork Mehoopany Creek.

Mehoopany Creek is designated as a high-quality coldwater fishery in Sullivan County. Its headwaters are listed in the Sullivan County Natural Areas Inventory.
Frederick Douglass High School (Lexington, Kentucky)
Frederick Douglass High School  is a public high school located on the eastern side of Lexington, Kentucky, United States. The school is one of six high schools in the Fayette County Public Schools district and was constructed to reduce overcrowding at Bryan Station High School and Henry Clay High School.

Frederick Douglass High School is named after the 19th century African-American abolitionist Frederick Douglass. Opened in August 2017, the school is the newest high school in the Fayette County Public Schools system.

Henry Clay High School
Henry Clay High School is an American public high school in Lexington, Kentucky. Opened on Main Street in 1928, it was named in honor of the Kentuckian and United States statesman, Henry Clay. The Main Street location now houses the main offices of the Fayette County Public Schools system. The school was ranked in 2022 by U.S. News & World Report as #18 of schools in Kentucky and #1,705 nationally. The school's facility on Fontaine Road opened in 1970.
1946 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming
The 1946 United States House of Representatives election in Wyoming was held on November 5, 1946. Incumbent Republican Congressman Frank A. Barrett ran for re-election. He was challenged by the Democratic nominee, John J. McIntyre, the State Auditor and Barrett's predecessor in Congress. Barrett defeated McIntyre by a wide margin, winning his third term.

Frank A. Barrett
Frank Aloysius Barrett (November 10, 1892 – May 30, 1962) was an American soldier, lawyer and politician.  He served as a Republican member of the United States House of Representatives and the United States Senate, and as the 21st governor of Wyoming.
Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar railway station
Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar (formerly Koliwada, station code: GTBN) is a railway station on the Harbour Line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway. It is situated near the King's Circle and Sion local railway stations.

The station was originally called Koliwada railway station. It was renamed Guru Tegh Bahadur Nagar railway station in 1977.

King's Circle railway station
King's Circle (station code: KCE) is a railway station on the Harbour line of the Mumbai Suburban Railway network. King's Circle and Matunga stations are next to each other albeit the latter is on the Central line. It is named after the King's Circle Park, which was named after George V, the King-Emperor. The trains passing through King's Circle station are only the ones going to Bandra, Andheri and Goregaon from CSMT or Panvel and vice versa. In March of 2024 re-naming the station Tirthankar Parshvanath after Parshvanatha received official approval, though it is unclear when or if this has happened.
Polecat
Polecat is a common name for several cat-like mustelid species in the subfamilies Ictonychinae and Mustelinae. Polecats do not form a single taxonomic rank (i.e. clade). The name is applied to several species with broad similarities to European polecats, such as having a dark mask-like marking across the face.

In the United States, the term polecat is sometimes applied to the black-footed ferret, a native member of the Mustelinae. In Southern United States dialect, the term polecat is sometimes used as a colloquial nickname for the skunk, which is part of the family Mephitidae.

Ictonychinae
Ictonychinae is a subfamily of the mammal family Mustelidae found mainly in the Neotropics (three species) and Africa (three species), with one Eurasian member. It includes the grisons, Patagonian weasel, striped polecats, African striped weasel, and marbled polecat. These genera were formerly included within a paraphyletic definition of the mustelid subfamily Mustelinae.

Most members have a mask-like bar or larger dark marking across their faces; the African representatives of the group are striped. A defense mechanism common to the group is use of a chemical spray similar to (but not necessarily as strong as) that of skunks.
Bitrate peeling
Bitrate peeling is a technique used in Ogg Vorbis audio encoded streams, wherein a stream can be encoded at one bitrate but can be served at that or any lower bitrate.

The purpose is to provide access to the clip for people with slower Internet connections, and yet still allow people with faster connections to enjoy the higher quality content. The server automatically chooses which stream to deliver to the user, depending on user's connection speed.

As of 2005, Ogg Vorbis bitrate peeling existed only as a concept as there was not yet an encoder capable of producing peelable datastreams Bounties - XiphWiki.

Vorbis
Vorbis is a free and open-source software project headed by the Xiph.Org Foundation. The project produces an audio coding format and software reference encoder/decoder (codec) for lossy audio compression, libvorbis. Vorbis is most commonly used in conjunction with the Ogg container format and it is therefore often referred to as Ogg Vorbis.

Version 1.0 of Vorbis was released in May 2000. Since 2013, the Xiph.Org Foundation has stated that the use of Vorbis should be deprecated in favor of the Opus codec, an improved and more efficient format that has also been developed by Xiph.Org.
Parc Drumul Taberei metro station
Parc Drumul Taberei (Camp Road Parc) is a station on line M5 of Bucharest Metro. It is located between Tudor Vladimirescu and Romancierilor. The station was opened on 15 September 2020 as part of the inaugural section of M5, from Eroilor to Valea Ialomiței and Râul Doamnei. The Drumul Taberei parc and the Steaua Stadium (the station that the Steaua football club uses) can be found nearby.

Râul Doamnei metro station
Râul Doamnei (Lady's River) is a station on the line M5 of Bucharest Metro and is its western terminus. The adjacent station is Constantin Brâncuși. The station was opened on 15 September 2020 as part of the inaugural section of M5, from Eroilor to Valea Ialomiței and Râul Doamnei.
Mabel Dove Danquah
Mabel Dove Danquah (1905 – 1984) was a Gold Coast-born journalist, political activist, creative writer and one of the earliest women in West Africa to work in these fields. Most notably she became the first woman to be elected a member of any African legislative assembly. As Francis Elsbend Kofigah notes in relation to Ghana's literary pioneers, "before the emergence of such strong exponents of literary feminism as Efua Sutherland and Ama Ata Aidoo, there was Mabel Dove Danquah, the trail-blazing feminist." She used various pseudonyms in her writing for newspapers from the 1930s: "Marjorie Mensah" in The Times of West Africa; "Dama Dumas" in the African Morning Post; "Ebun Alakija" in the Nigerian Daily Times; and "Akosua Dzatsui" in the Accra Evening News.

African Morning Post
The African Morning Post (OCLC 33206007) was a daily newspaper in Accra, Gold Coast, published by City Press Ltd. Editorial and Pub. Its editor-in-chief in 1934 was Nnamdi Azikiwe, who later also founded several newspapers in Nigeria, including the West African Pilot in 1937.
Good News About Hell
"Good News About Hell" is the series premiere of the American science fiction psychological thriller television series Severance. The episode was written by series creator Dan Erickson, and directed by executive producer Ben Stiller. It was released on Apple TV+ on February 18, 2022.

The series follows employees of Lumon Industries, a biotechnology corporation that uses a medical procedure called "severance" to separate the memories of their employees: at work, Lumon employees, called "innies", can't remember anything outside of work. Outside work, Lumon employees, called "outies", can't remember anything about work. As a result, innies and outies experience two different lives, with distinct personalities and agendas.

The episode received highly positive reviews from critics, who praised the premise, production values, performances, and intrigue. Adam Scott received a nomination for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series at the 74th Primetime Emmy Awards.

Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series
The Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Drama Series is an award presented by the Academy of Television Arts & Sciences (ATAS). Beginning with 1966, leading actors in drama have competed alone. However, these dramatic performances included actors from miniseries, telefilms, and guest performers competing against main cast competitors. Such instances are marked below:

# – Indicates a performance in a miniseries or television film, before the category's creation

§ – Indicates a performance as a guest performer, before and after the category's creation
I Am Sam (TV series)
I Am Sam (Korean: 아이엠샘; RR: AiemSaem) is a 2007 South Korean television series starring Yang Dong-geun, Park Min-young, Park Jun-gyu, Son Tae-young, and Choi Seung-hyun in his acting debut. It aired on KBS2 from August 6 to October 2, 2007, on Mondays and Tuesdays at 21:55 (KST) for 16 episodes. Based on the Japanese manga series Kyōkasho ni Nai! (in English, Not in a Textbook! or Very Private Lesson), Yang plays a geeky, straight-arrowed, under-qualified high school teacher who becomes a live-in tutor for the troublemaking daughter of a notorious gangster, in exchange for one million won.

The title is a word play since sam in Korean roughly translates to "teacher" in slang, thus the international title, I Am Your Teacher.

Son Tae-young
Son Tae-young (Korean: 손태영; born August 19, 1980) is a South Korean actress, model and beauty pageant titleholder who won the title of Miss International Korea 2000 and was crowned 1st runner up at Miss International 2000 pageant. 
She is known for her work on television, with starring in lead and supporting roles in dramas such as One Million Roses (2003), Two Wives (2009), and Into the Flames (2014).
Pablo Ablanedo
Pablo Ablanedo is an Argentine-born jazz composer, pianist, and teacher based in Cambridge, Massachusetts. He is known for incorporating elements of traditional Argentine music and contemporary classical into a jazz-influenced style.

Ablanedo is the leader of the Pablo Ablanedo Octet and has released three critically acclaimed records on Fresh Sound Records, as well as a 2013 release on Creative Nation Music.  His work was commissioned by Paquito D'Rivera for the Norddeutscher Rundfunk (Northern German Broadcasting) Big Band. He is a teacher and the author of Suite of Mirrors: A Collection of Mirror Pieces for the Beginning Pianist (2015).

Norddeutscher Rundfunk
Norddeutscher Rundfunk (pronounced [ˈnɔʁtˌdɔʏtʃɐ ˈʁʊntfʊŋk]; "North German Broadcasting"), commonly shortened to NDR (pronounced [ˌɛndeːˈʔɛʁ] ⓘ), is a public radio and television broadcaster, based in Hamburg. In addition to the city-state of Hamburg, NDR broadcasts for the German states of Lower Saxony, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern and Schleswig-Holstein. NDR is a member of ARD, the joint organisation of German public broadcasters.
Judy Hample
Judy Gayle Hample is a former American academic administrator. She is the former chancellor of the Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education and the Florida Board of Regents. She served as president of the University of Mary Washington, the university's first female president.

Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education
The Pennsylvania State System of Higher Education (PASSHE) is an American state agency of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania that oversees 10 state-owned universities. Collectively, it is the largest provider of higher education in the commonwealth. All of the schools are primarily NCAA Division II members and affiliated with the Pennsylvania State Athletic Conference (PSAC).

PASSHE should not be confused with Pennsylvania's other state-funded university system, the Commonwealth System of Higher Education, which includes one land grant university (Pennsylvania State University), three historically private universities (Temple University, Lincoln University, and University of Pittsburgh), and the related campuses of the four institutions.
Rasmus Kupari
Rasmus Kupari (born 15 March 2000) is a Finnish professional ice hockey forward for HC Lugano of Switzerland's National League. He was selected 20th overall by the Los Angeles Kings in the 2018 NHL entry draft.

2018 NHL entry draft
The 2018 NHL entry draft was the 56th entry draft for the National Hockey League. It was held on June 22–23, 2018, at the American Airlines Center in Dallas, Texas.

The 2018 NHL entry draft was the second of two professional sports drafts to be held in the Dallas–Fort Worth metroplex during the calendar year, as the Dallas Cowboys hosted the 2018 NFL draft in April.

The first three selections were Rasmus Dahlin by the Buffalo Sabres, Andrei Svechnikov by the Carolina Hurricanes, and Jesperi Kotkaniemi by the Montreal Canadiens.

The 2018 draft featured both the first player trained in the United Kingdom to be drafted in Liam Kirk and the first Jamaican-born player drafted in Jermaine Loewen.

As of 2025 there are 65 active NHL players from this draft.