hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sevenfold Sun miracle
The Sevenfold Sun Miracle was an atmospheric phenomenon witnessed in Gdańsk in 1661. It was a complex halo phenomenon, and was described by Georg Fehlau, the pastor of the St Marien church, in a sermon two weeks later, which was then published under the title Siebenfältiges Sonnenwunder oder sieben Nebensonnen, so in diesem 1661 Jahr den 20. Februar neuen Stils am Sonntage Sexagesima um 11 Uhr bis nach 12 am Himmel bei uns sind gesehen worden ("Sevenfold sun miracle or seven sun dogs which were seen in our skies on Sexagesima Sunday, 20th of February of the year 1661 from 11 o'clock until after 12 o'clock") The same event was also described by the astronomer Johan Hevelius the following year in his book Mercurius in Sole visus Gedani.

22° halo
A 22° halo is an atmospheric optical phenomenon that consists of a halo with an apparent radius of approximately 22° around the Sun or Moon. Around the Sun, it may also be called a sun halo. Around the Moon, it is also known as a moon ring, storm ring, or winter halo. It forms as sunlight or moonlight is refracted by millions of hexagonal ice crystals suspended in the atmosphere. Its radius, as viewed from Earth, is roughly the length of an outstretched hand at arm's length.
Reginald Stephens
General Sir Reginald Byng Stephens, KCB, CMG, DL, JP (10 October 1869 – 6 April 1955) was a British Army general of the First World War and later Commandant of the Royal Military College, Sandhurst, from 1919 to 1923, Major-General commanding the 4th Division, 1923 to 1926, and Director-General of the Territorial Army, 1927 to 1931.

4th Infantry Division (United Kingdom)
The 4th Infantry Division was a regular infantry division of the British Army with a very long history, seeing active service in the Peninsular War and Waterloo Campaign, the Crimean and Boer Wars and both World Wars. It was disbanded after the Second World War and reformed in the 1950s as an armoured formation before being disbanded and reformed again and finally disbanded on 1 January 2012.
Bob Bees
Robert Bees (born September 5, 1972) is an American former professional football quarterback who played two seasons in the Arena Football League (AFL) with the Oklahoma Wranglers, San Jose SaberCats and Buffalo Destroyers. He played college football at Rocky Mountain. He was also a member of the Richmond Speed, Billings Outlaws/Mavericks, Las Vegas Gladiators and Tulsa Talons.

Cleveland Gladiators
The Cleveland Gladiators were an arena football team based in Cleveland, Ohio, and members of the Arena Football League (AFL). The Gladiators played their home games at Quicken Loans Arena, which they shared with the Cleveland Cavaliers of the National Basketball Association and the Cleveland Monsters of the American Hockey League. The franchise was originally based in East Rutherford, New Jersey, and then later in Las Vegas, Nevada, before relocating to Cleveland for the 2008 AFL season. The Gladiators qualified for the playoffs eight times in their history, reaching the ArenaBowl in 2014.

The Gladiators announced that they would not play the 2018 and 2019 seasons due to renovations on Quicken Loans Arena that required it to close during the NBA offseason and were granted a two-season hiatus. Before the team could return in 2020, the league filed for bankruptcy and ceased operations.
George Gibbs (ethnologist)
George Gibbs (1815–1873) was an American ethnologist, naturalist and geologist who contributed to the study of the languages of indigenous peoples in Washington Territory. Known for his expertise in Native American customs and languages, Gibbs participated in numerous treaty negotiations between the U.S. government and the native tribes.

Washington Territory
The Washington Territory was an organized incorporated territory of the United States that existed from March 2, 1853, until November 11, 1889, when the territory was admitted to the Union as the State of Washington. It was created from the portion of the Oregon Territory north of the lower Columbia River and north of the 46th parallel east of the Columbia. At its largest extent, it also included the entirety of modern Idaho and parts of Montana and Wyoming, before attaining its final boundaries in 1863.

The territory was named after George Washington, a Founding Father and first president of the United States.
Madagascar national rugby union team
The Madagascar national rugby union team represents Madagascar in the sport of rugby union. Although rugby is popular in Madagascar, the country has not yet qualified for a Rugby World Cup. It does compete annually in the Africa Cup, and was runner-up to Uganda in 2007. The national team's nickname is the Malagasy name for the ring-tailed lemur.

Madagascar defeated Namibia 57 - 54 in extra-time to win Group 1B final match at the 2012 Africa Cup; they have now jumped up 14 places to their current 42nd rank.

Rugby Africa Cup
The Rugby Africa Cup is a two-year men's rugby union tournament involving the top 16 African nations based on their World Rugby rankings, it is organised by Rugby Africa. The tournament was first held in 2000. It was renamed the Rugby Africa Cup in November 2019, it was previously called the Africa Cup since 2006, the CAR Top 9 and CAR Top 10.

Due to South Africa being far stronger than any other African nation, South African teams have only competed five times, and won the competition three times. The winning South African teams on these occasions were the under 23 or amateur players (in 2000, 2001 and 2006).
Inamul Haque Khan
Inamul Haque Khan HJ HI(M) SI(M) (Urdu: إنعام الحـــق خان ; 25 May 1927 – 10 August 2017) was a three-star air officer in the Pakistan Air Force who is known for his role as AOC of the Dacca airbase of the Pakistan Air Force.

In 1971, Inamul Haque Khan, as Air Commodore, was one of the highest-ranking officers to be taken as a prisoner of war by India after Eastern Command's Commander Lieutenant-General A.A.K. Niazi signed an instrument of surrender with Indian Army's Eastern Command GOC-in-C, Lieutenant-General Jagjit Singh Aurora.

After his repatriation in 1974, he continued to serve in the Air Force with distinction, and eventually joined President General Zia-ul-Haq's administration where he held many cabinet ministries while later being part of the Nawaz Sharif's administration as well.

Air commodore
Air commodore (Air Cdre or Air Cmde) is an air officer rank used by some air forces, with origins from the Royal Air Force. The rank is also used by the air forces of many countries which have historical British influence and it is sometimes used as the English translation of an equivalent rank in countries which have a non-English air force-specific rank structure.

Air commodore is immediately senior to group captain and immediately subordinate to air vice-marshal. It is usually equivalent to a commodore or a brigadier/brigadier general.

The equivalent rank in the Women's Auxiliary Air Force, Women's Royal Air Force (until 1968) and Princess Mary's Royal Air Force Nursing Service (until 1980) was "air commandant".
2018 Campeonato Paraibano
The 2018 Campeonato Paraibano de Futebol was the 108th edition of Paraíba's top professional football league. The competition began on 7 January and ended on 8 April. Botafogo-PB were defending champions, after defeating Treze in the 2017 final.

Botafogo Futebol Clube (PB)
Botafogo Futebol Clube, commonly referred to as Botafogo da Paraíba, Botafogo-PB or simply Botafogo is a Brazilian professional club based in João Pessoa, Paraíba founded on 28 September 1931.

Botafogo is the top ranked team from Paraíba in CBF's national club ranking, at 51st overall.
Rosengården
Rosengården is a small street in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark, linking the pedestrianized street Fiolstræde in the west with the also pedestrianized square Kultorvet in the east. Peder Hvitfeldts Stræde connects the street to Krystalgade to the south. No. 5-7, No. 6 and No. 13 are listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places.

Fiolstræde
Fiolstræde is a pedestrianised shopping street in central Copenhagen, Denmark. It passes the square Frue Plads on its way from Nørreport station in the north to Skindergade in the south where Jorcks Passage connects it to the shopping street  Strøget. Copenhagen Cathedral is located on the street which also passes the rear side of Copenhagen University Library.
Ojos Locos Sports Cantina y Casino
Ojos Locos Sports Cantina y Casino is a casino in North Las Vegas, Nevada. The property is owned and operated by Fifth Street Gaming. It includes an Ojos Locos sports bar and restaurant, as well as a 90-room hotel known as Hotel Jefe.

The hotel was built in 1991, and originally operated as a Days Inn. Shawn Scott, a casino owner, bought the hotel in 1995 and renamed it the Cheyenne Hotel. By 1997, he had added slot machines to the hotel's bar. MTR Gaming bought the Cheyenne in 1998 and added a casino structure the following year. The company renamed the property as the Speedway Casino and gave it a motor racing theme, in reference to the nearby Las Vegas Motor Speedway. In 2008, the property was sold to its present owner, which operated it as the Lucky Club until the Ojos Locos rebrand in 2023.

Days Inn
Days Inn is a hotel chain headquartered in the United States. It was founded in 1970 by Cecil B. Day, who opened the first location in Tybee Island, Georgia. The brand is now a part of the Wyndham Hotels and Resorts, headquartered in Parsippany, New Jersey, which used to be a part of Cendant. As of December 31, 2023, Days Inn includes 1,501 locations worldwide with 114,216 rooms.
The Little Smuggler
"The Little Smuggler" (Polish: Mały szmugler) is a famous poem by the Polish poet Henryka Łazowertówna (1909–1942).  Written in the Warsaw Ghetto during the Holocaust, it tells the story of a small child who supports his starving family by — illegally, under Nazi dispensation — bringing over food supplies from the "Aryan side", thereby allowing for his family's survival while at the same time risking his own life.  Indeed, the last stanza of the poem gives expression to the heroic child's fear — not of his own death but that of his mother who, in the event of the loss of her child, would be left without her daily sustenance.

Jewish ghettos established by Nazi Germany
Beginning with the invasion of Poland during World War II, the Nazi regime set up ghettos across German-occupied Eastern Europe in order to segregate and confine Jews, and sometimes Romani people, into small sections of towns and cities furthering their exploitation. In German documents, and signage at ghetto entrances, the Nazis usually referred to them as Jüdischer Wohnbezirk or Wohngebiet der Juden, both of which translate as the Jewish Quarter. There were several distinct types including open ghettos, closed ghettos, work, transit, and destruction ghettos, as defined by Holocaust historians. In a number of cases, they were the place of Jewish underground resistance against the German occupation, known collectively as the ghetto uprisings.
RL Grime
Henry Alfred Steinway (born February 8, 1991), better known by his stage name RL Grime, (previously known as Clockwork) is an American record producer and DJ. RL Grime specializes in trap and bass music and is a member of the Los Angeles electronic music collective WeDidIt. His debut Grapes EP was released in April 2012 on WeDidIt. RL Grime premiered a popular Halloween mix in October 2012, which have continued to be released annually through 2023. His follow-up EP High Beams was released in July 2013 on Fool's Gold Records, which debuted at No. 8 on Billboard's Dance/Electronic Albums chart, and No. 1 on the iTunes Electronic Chart. RL Grime has produced remixes for Benny Benassi, Chief Keef, Jamie Lidell, and Shlohmo. His second studio album, Nova, was released in 2018. In February 2019, RL Grime announced the founding of his record label Sable Valley.

Jamie Lidell
James Alexander Lidderdale (born 18 September 1973), known professionally as Jamie Lidell, is an English musician, soul singer and podcast host. Lidell was formerly a part of Super Collider. He lives in Nashville, Tennessee, US.
2011 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain
The 2011 Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain was the ninth season of the Porsche Carrera Cup Great Britain series. The series again featured on the same package as the British Touring Car Championship, and as such benefited from live coverage at each round on ITV4 in the United Kingdom.

2011 will see the introduction of a new 911 GT3 Cup car, featuring more power, downforce and other technological changes.

British Touring Car Championship
The British Touring Car Championship (BTCC), officially known as the Kwik Fit British Touring Car Championship for sponsorship reasons, is a touring car racing series held each year in the United Kingdom, currently organised and administered by TOCA. It was established in 1958 as the British Saloon Car Championship and was renamed as the British Touring Car Championship for the 1987 season. It is one of the oldest, most popular and most prestigious touring car series in the world. The championship, currently running Next Generation Touring Car regulations, has been run to various national and international regulations over the years including FIA Group 2, FIA Group 5, FIA Group 1, FIA Group A, FIA Super Touring and FIA Super 2000. A lower-key Group N class for production cars ran from 2000 until 2003.
Richard Busteed
Richard Busteed (February 16, 1822 – September 14, 1898) was a soldier in the Union Army during the American Civil War and a United States district judge of the United States District Court for the Middle District of Alabama, the United States District Court for the Northern District of Alabama and the United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama.

United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama
The United States District Court for the Southern District of Alabama (in case citations, S.D. Ala.) is a federal court in the Eleventh Circuit (except for patent claims and claims against the U.S. government under the Tucker Act, which are appealed to the Federal Circuit).

The District was established on March 10, 1824, with the division of the state into a Northern and Southern district.

The United States Attorney's Office for the Southern District of Alabama represents the United States in civil and criminal litigation in the court. As of February 2, 2021 the United States attorney is Sean P. Costello.
Kusini Yengi
Kusini Boja Yengi (born 15 January 1999) is an Australian professional soccer player who plays as a striker for J1 League club Cerezo Osaka, on loan from Scottish Premiership club Aberdeen, and the Australia national team.

Cerezo Osaka
Cerezo Osaka (セレッソ大阪, Seresso Ōsaka) is a Japanese professional football club based in Osaka. The club currently plays in the J1 League, which is the top tier of football in the country. The club's name (Spanish: Cerezo, lit. 'cherry blossom') also represents the flower of the city of Osaka. The official hometowns of the club are Osaka and Sakai. There exists a local rivalry with Suita-based Gamba Osaka.
Li Sijian
Li Sijian (Chinese: 李思諫) (died 908), probably né Tuoba Sijian (拓拔思諫), was an ethnically-Dangxiang warlord in the latter years of the Chinese Tang dynasty and Tang's successor state Later Liang of the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms period, who controlled Dingnan Circuit (定難, headquartered in modern Yulin, Shaanxi) as its military governor (Jiedushi) in de facto independence.

Tangut people
The Tangut people (Tangut: 𗼎𗾧, mjɨ nja̱ or 𗼇𘓐, mji dzjwo; Chinese: 党項; pinyin: Dǎngxiàng; Tibetan: མི་ཉག་, Wylie: mi nyak; Mongolian: Тангуд) were a Sino-Tibetan people who founded and inhabited the Western Xia dynasty. The group initially lived under Tuyuhun authority, but later submitted to the Tang dynasty. After the collapse of Tang dynasty, the Tanguts established the Western Xia. They spoke the Tangut language, which initial research believed to be either of the Qiangic or Yi groups of the Tibeto-Burman family, later phylogenetic and historical linguistic accounts revealed that it belonged to the Gyalrongic branch of the Qiangic group. The Western Xia was annihilated by the Mongol Empire in 1227 AD, and most of its written records and architecture were destroyed. Today the Tangut language and its unique script are extinct; only fragments of Tangut literature remain.
Rudnik Raduša
Rudnik Raduša (Macedonian: Рудник Радуша, Albanian: Rudnik) is a village in the municipality of Saraj, North Macedonia. The village is located in the extreme northwestern part of the Skopje Valley, in the Žeden Gorge, immediately located on the left side of the Vardar River. It is located in the northern part of the area of the Municipality of Saraj. Traditionally, the place was part of the Raduša village. The small Raduška River passes through Rudnik Raduša, which flows into the Vardar in the village itself.

Saraj Municipality
Saraj (Macedonian: Сарајⓘ, Albanian: Saraj) is one of the ten municipalities that make up the city of Skopje, the capital of the Republic of North Macedonia.

Saraj, which means "palace" in Turkish, is also the name of the village where the municipal seat is found.
It is a rural municipality and it is not part of the urban core of Skopje proper.
2003 Sparkassen Cup (tennis)
The 2003 Sparkassen Cup (tennis) was a women's tennis tournament played on indoor hard courts in Leipzig, Germany. It was part of the Tier II category of the 2003 WTA Tour. It was the 14th and last edition of the tournament and was held from 22 September until 28 September 2003. Third-seeded Anastasia Myskina won the singles title.

Anastasia Myskina
Anastasia Andreyevna Myskina (Russian: Анастасия Андреевна Мыскина listenⓘ; born 8 July 1981) is a Russian former professional tennis player. Myskina won the 2004 French Open singles title, becoming the first Russian woman to win a major singles title. Due to this victory, she rose to No. 3 in the Women's Tennis Association (WTA) rankings, becoming the first Russian woman to reach the top 3 in the history of the rankings. In September 2004, she reached a career-high ranking of No. 2.
Saskatchewan Highway 941
Highway 941 is a provincial highway in the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It runs from Highway 904 to the Waterhen Lake First Nation. It is about 22 kilometres (14 mi) long.

The first 16 kilometres (9.9 mi) of Highway 941 lies within the Meadow Lake Provincial Park. At the 12-kilometre mark is an intersection with Highway 951. The town of Waterhen Lake is 4 kilometres (2.5 mi) south-east of the intersection, on the border of the Waterhen Lake First Nation. Highway 941 ends 6 kilometres (3.7 mi) into the Waterhen Lake First Nation at the Waterhen Lake.

Saskatchewan Highway 904
Highway 904 is a provincial highway in the north-west region of the Canadian province of Saskatchewan. It travels from the Highway 4 / Highway 224 in the Meadow Lake Provincial Park to north boundary of park at the edge of the Cold Lake Air Weapons Range. It intersects Highway 951 within the park. It is about 47 kilometres (29 mi) long.

Highway 904 was once Highway 104, a northerly extension of Highway 4; it was replaced in the early 1980s.
Giacomo Naretti
Giacomo Naretti (29 August 1831 – 8 May 1899) was an Italian artisan and trained carpenter. He was born in a family of peasants in a village. He migrated to Ethiopia, where he worked at the court of Emperor Yohannes IV.

He was part of the team of artisans who designed the throne of Emperor Yohannes IV, which is still preserved in Mekelle.

Emperor of Ethiopia
The emperor of Ethiopia (Ge'ez: ንጉሠ ነገሥት, romanized: nəgusä nägäst, "King of Kings"), also known as the Atse (Amharic: ዐፄ, "emperor"), was the hereditary ruler of the Ethiopian Empire, from at least the 13th century until the abolition of the monarchy in 1975. The emperor was the head of state and head of government, with ultimate executive, judicial and legislative power in that country. A National Geographic article from 1965 called Imperial Ethiopia "nominally a constitutional monarchy; in fact it was a benevolent autocracy".
Hillsborough (East Indiaman)
Two East Indiamen of the East India Company (EIC), have borne the name Hillsborough, named for Hillsborough:

Hillsborough (1774 ship) – launched in 1774. She made two complete voyages for the EIC; A Spanish fleet captured her in 1780. The Spanish Navy took her into service until 1794, when she was sold for breaking up.

Hillsborough (1783 EIC ship) – launched in 1783. She made seven voyages for the EIC before she was sold. She became a whaler and was broken up in 1804.

Hillsborough (1783 EIC ship)
Hillsborough was a three-decker merchant ship launched in 1783. She made six voyages to India and China as an East Indiaman for the British East India Company (EIC) between 1784 and 1798. In 1798, she was sold to new owners and repurposed to transport convicts from England to New South Wales. After delivering her convicts in 1799, she operated as a whaler in the South Seas fisheries until her dismantling in 1804.
Michael Noonan (footballer)
Michael John Noonan (born 31 July 2008) is an Irish professional footballer who plays as a striker for League of Ireland Premier Division club Shamrock Rovers. He started his senior career at his previous club St Patrick's Athletic.

Aidan Keena
Aidan Keena (born 25 April 1999) is an Irish footballer who plays as a forward for League of Ireland Premier Division club St Patrick's Athletic. He has previously played for Heart of Midlothian, Hartlepool United,  Queen's Park, Dunfermline Athletic, Falkirk, Sligo Rovers and Cheltenham Town.
Teatro Santi Giovanni e Paolo
The Teatro Santi Giovanni e Paolo (often written as Teatro SS. Giovanni e Paolo) was a theatre and opera house in Venice located on the Calle della Testa, and takes its name from the nearby Basilica of Santi Giovanni e Paolo, Venice. Built by the Grimani family in 1638, in its heyday it was considered the most beautiful and comfortable theatre in the city. The theatre played an important role in the development of opera and saw the premieres of several works by Francesco Cavalli, as well as Monteverdi's Il ritorno d'Ulisse in patria and L'incoronazione di Poppea.

Francesco Cavalli
Francesco Cavalli (born Pietro Francesco Caletti-Bruni; 14 February 1602 – 14 January 1676) was a Venetian composer, organist and singer of the early Baroque period. He succeeded his teacher Claudio Monteverdi as the dominant and leading opera composer of the mid 17th-century. A central figure of Venetian musical life, Cavalli wrote more than thirty operas, almost all of which premiered in the city's theaters. His best known works include Ormindo (1644), Giasone (1649) and La Calisto (1651).
Henry Stephenson
Harry Stephenson Garraway (16 April 1871 – 24 April 1956) was a British actor. He generally portrayed amiable and wise gentlemen in many films of the 1930s and 1940s. Among his roles were Sir Joseph Banks in Mutiny on the Bounty (1935) and Mr. Brownlow in Oliver Twist (1948).

Oliver Twist (1948 film)
Oliver Twist is a 1948 British film and the second of David Lean's two film adaptations of Charles Dickens novels. Following his 1946 version of Great Expectations, Lean re-assembled much of the same team for his adaptation of Dickens' 1838 novel, including producers Ronald Neame and Anthony Havelock-Allan, cinematographer Guy Green, designer John Bryan and editor Jack Harris. Lean's then-wife, Kay Walsh, who had collaborated on the screenplay for Great Expectations, played the role of Nancy. John Howard Davies was cast as Oliver, while Alec Guinness portrayed Fagin and Robert Newton played Bill Sykes (Bill Sikes in the novel).

In 1999, the British Film Institute placed it at 46th in its list of the top 100 British films. In 2005 it was named in the BFI list of the 50 films you should see by the age of 14.