hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Alopecosa fabrilis
Alopecosa fabrilis, known as the great fox-spider, is a species of wolf spider in the family Lycosidae. It is found over much of Europe Eastern Russia, Central Asia and China. The spider was, at one point, presumed extinct in Britain.

Wolf spider
Wolf spiders are members of the family Lycosidae (from Ancient Greek  λύκος (lúkos) 'wolf'), named for their robust and agile hunting skills and excellent eyesight.

They live mostly in solitude, hunt alone, and usually do not spin webs. Some are opportunistic hunters, pouncing upon prey as they find it or chasing it over short distances; others wait for passing prey in or near the mouth of a burrow.

Wolf spiders resemble nursery web spiders (family Pisauridae), but wolf spiders carry their egg sacs by attaching them to their spinnerets, while the Pisauridae carry their egg sacs with their chelicerae and pedipalps.

Two of the wolf spider's eight eyes are large and prominent; this distinguishes them from nursery web spiders, whose eyes are all of roughly equal size. This can also help distinguish them from the similar-looking grass spiders.
Byssochlamys
Byssochlamys is a former genus of fungi in the Trichocomaceae family, containing teleomorph forms of Paecilomyces. 
Several species of the genus Byssochlamys were well known to be associated with food spoilage, especially acidic heat-processed foods. A health concern was the production of the mycotoxin patulin in fruit juices, as well as byssochlamic acid and mycophenolic acid.

Teleomorph, anamorph and holomorph
In mycology, the terms teleomorph, anamorph, and holomorph apply to portions of the life cycles of fungi in the phyla Ascomycota and Basidiomycota:

Teleomorph: the sexual reproductive stage (morph), typically a fruiting body.

Anamorph: an asexual reproductive stage (morph), often mold-like. When a single fungus produces multiple morphologically distinct anamorphs, these are called synanamorphs.

Holomorph: the whole fungus, including anamorphs and teleomorph.

The terms were introduced in 1981 to simplify the discussion of the procedures of the existing dual-naming system, which (1) permitted anamorphs to have their separate names but (2) treated teleomorphic names as having precedence for being used as the holomorphic name. The Melbourne Code removes the provisions and allows all names to compete on equal footing for priority as the correct name of a fungus, and hence does not use the term holomorph any more.
Selection (linguistics)
In linguistics, selection denotes the ability of predicates to determine the semantic content of their arguments. Predicates select their arguments, which means they limit the semantic content of their arguments. A distinction may sometimes be drawn between types of selection; viz., s(emantic)-selection versus c(ategory)-selection. Selection in general stands in contrast to subcategorization: selection is a semantic concept, whereas subcategorization is a syntactic one;  predicates both select and subcategorize for their complement arguments, but only select their subject arguments.

Selection is closely related to valency, a term used in grammars other than the Chomskian generative grammar for a similar phenomenon.

Predicate (grammar)
The term predicate is used in two ways in linguistics and its subfields. The first defines a predicate as everything in a standard declarative sentence except the subject, and the other defines it as only the main content verb or associated predicative expression of a clause. Thus, by the first definition, the predicate of the sentence Frank likes cake is likes cake, while by the second definition, it is only the content verb likes, and Frank and cake are the arguments of this predicate. The conflict between these two definitions can lead to confusion.
1977 Taipei Summit Open
The 1977 Taipei Summit Open was a men's tennis tournament played on indoor carpet courts in Taipei, Taiwanthat was part of the 1977 Colgate-Palmolive Grand Prix. It was the inaugural edition of the tournament and was held from 21 November through 26 November 1977. First-seeded Tim Gullikson won the singles title.

Tim Gullikson
Timothy Ernest Gullikson (September 8, 1951 – May 3, 1996) was a tennis player and coach who was born in La Crosse, Wisconsin and grew up in Onalaska, Wisconsin in the United States.

Gullikson was Pete Sampras' coach from 1992 to 1995.
History of the Jews in the Arabian Peninsula
Jews in the Arabian Peninsula dates back to Classical and Biblical times. The Arabian Peninsula is defined as including the present-day countries of Bahrain, Kuwait, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates (a federation of seven Sheikhdoms: Abu Dhabi, Ajman, Dubai, Fujairah, Ras al-Khaimah, Sharjah, and Umm al-Quwain) and Yemen politically and parts of Iraq and Jordan geographically.

Jewish communities have lived mainly in present-day Iraq and Yemen, but most have migrated to Israel and Palestine as a result of the Arab–Israeli conflict. Currently, some Jewish communities develop in Arabia as a result of expanding business and commerce as well as increased tolerance to Jews, such as in Bahrain and the United Arab Emirates.

Ras Al Khaimah
Ras Al Khaimah (Arabic: رَأْس ٱلْخَيْمَة; /raʔs͜ ɪlˈxajma/, Emirati Arabic : [räːs͜ ɪlχe̞ːmɛ] ), often referred to its initials RAK, is an industrial port city and the largest city and capital of the Emirate of Ras Al Khaimah in the U.A.E. The city had a population of 191,753 people in 2025, and is the sixth-most populous city in UAE after Dubai, Abu Dhabi, Sharjah, Al Ain and Ajman. The city is divided by a creek into two parts: old town in the west and Al Nakheel in the east. The town is the successor to the Islamic era port and trading hub of Julfar.
The Armstrong Lie
The Armstrong Lie is a 2013 American documentary film directed by Alex Gibney about the cyclist Lance Armstrong. Originally begun as a project titled The Road Back about Armstrong's return to competitive cycling in 2009, the film's subject shifted in light of renewed allegations of doping against Armstrong. The film's final title is the English translation of "Le Mensonge Armstrong", the title of the front-page article of the August 23, 2005, issue of the French sports newspaper L'Équipe.

The film was screened out of competition at the 70th Venice International Film Festival, and in the Special Presentation section at the 2013 Toronto International Film Festival.

History of Lance Armstrong doping allegations
For much of the second phase of his career, American cyclist Lance Armstrong faced constant allegations of doping, including doping at the Tour de France and in the Lance Armstrong doping case. Armstrong vehemently denied allegations of using performance enhancing drugs for 13 years, until a confession during a broadcast interview with Oprah Winfrey in January 2013, when he finally admitted to all his cheating in sports, stating, "I view this situation as one big lie that I repeated a lot of times".
Dunkeswick
Dunkeswick is a hamlet in the civil parish of Kirkby Overblow, in North Yorkshire, England, just north of the River Wharfe, off the A61, about 2 miles (3.2 km) north of Harewood and 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Kirkby Overblow.

Harewood, West Yorkshire
Harewood (/ˈhɛərwʊd/ HAIR-wuud) is a village, civil parish, former manor and ecclesiastical parish, in West Yorkshire, England, today in the metropolitan borough of the City of Leeds. The civil parish population at the 2011 census was 3,734.
Karlin (Pinsk)
Karlin or Karalin (Belarusian: Каралін; Russian: Карлин; Yiddish: קארלין) is a village outside Pinsk, Belarus. It was founded as an independent town in 1690 and was named after the village's founder, Jan Karol Dolski. By 1695, Dolski had built a church (now a concert hall) and a fortified manor on the spot. He also allowed Jews to settle in the area, where it became the seat of a Hasidic dynasty.

Pinsk
Pinsk (Belarusian: Пінск; Russian: Пинск, IPA: [pʲinsk]; Polish: Pińsk; Ukrainian: Пінськ; Yiddish: פינסק) is a city in Brest Region, Belarus. It serves as the administrative center of Pinsk District, though it is administratively separated from the district. It is located in the historical region of Polesia, at the confluence of the Pina River and the Pripyat River. The region was known as the Pinsk Marshes and is southwest of Minsk. As of 2025, it has a population of 124,008.

The historic city has a restored city centre, with two-storey buildings from the 19th and early 20th centuries. The centre has become an active place for youths of all ages with summer theme parks and an association football stadium, which houses the city's football club, FC Volna Pinsk.
Warren Commercial Historic District (Warren, Arkansas)
The Warren Commercial Historic District encompasses the historic commercial heart of Warren, Arkansas. The district's northern end is focused on the Bradley County Courthouse and Clerk's Office, and extends down Main Street to Church Street, with branches along cross streets and roads radiating from the courthouse square. This area was developed beginning in the 1840s, but its oldest buildings date to the 1890s, primarily brick commercial buildings.  Of architectural note are the courthouse, a Beaux Arts structure built in 1903, and the Classical Revival Warren Bank building (1927).

The district was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2016.  Buildings individually listed in the district include the courthouse, post office, and the Art Moderne Blankinship Motor Company Building. Some of Warren's early brick streets are also found in the district.

Blankinship Motor Company Building
The Blankinship Motor Company Building is a historic auto dealership building at 120 East Cypress Street in Warren, Arkansas.  Its construction in 1940 was heralded as part of an "era of progress", as the Art Moderne building supplanted a horse barn on the site.  The building was designed by H. Ray Burks, whose other commissions included the Lonoke County Courthouse and the Drew County Courthouse.  The building was used as a Ford, Mercury and Lincoln dealership and service station until 1965, when the dealership closed.  It continued to operate as a service center until 1982, after which it has had a succession of other uses.

The building was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2001.
Château de Hunebourg
Château de Hunebourg (German: Hüneburg or Hünenburg) is a rock castle that lies to the west of Neuwiller-lès-Saverne in the French département of Bas-Rhin on a 425-metre-high sandstone rock outcrop. It is accessible from the valley of the Zinsel du Nord. The original castle was built in the 12th-13th century, but very little remains from this period. The castle was reconstructed in a neo-romanesque style in the 1930s. It is a listed historical monument since 2007.

Neuwiller-lès-Saverne
Neuwiller-lès-Saverne (French pronunciation: [nøvilɛʁ lɛ savɛʁn], literally Neuwiller near Saverne; German: Neuweiler; Alsatian: Neiwiller) is a commune located in the historic and cultural region of Alsace and the Northern Vosges Regional Nature Park in northeastern France. 
Neuwiller-lès-Saverne is within the Bas-Rhin department in the Grand Est region, and since 2021, is part of the European Collectivity of Alsace territorial collective. The commune is also a member of the Hanau-La Petite Pierre commune community.
Sassa Jimenez
Sassa Jimenez (born December 17, 1987) is a Filipina fashion designer. She was selected as one of the presenters at the bi-annual Philippine Fashion Week. In 2009, she focused her "club glam" style towards "partyphiles" by using snakeskin and metallic. A report in Status Magazine suggested that she was moving away from her "signature pretty and sweet designs" and instead playing with leather, dark colors, and different silhouettes in 2012.

Philippine Fashion Week
The Philippine Fashion Week (PhFW) is a bi-annual fashion show in Metro Manila, Philippines, showcasing Filipino designers, international brands, and emerging names. It is the longest-running fashion event in the country, featuring appearances by prominent Filipino and international figures in the fashion industry. The Philippine Fashion Week was founded in 1997 by Joey A. Espino Jr. and Audie Espino.
Oulun Työväen Palloilijat
Oulun Työväen Palloilijat, (OTP for short), is a football club from Oulu, Finland.

OTP has played 16 seasons in the Finnish premier divisions Mestaruussarja and Veikkausliiga. After that there was a short lived merger with OLS called FC Oulu in the early 1990s. OTP was re-established in 1995 as FC Oulu defunct.

The club has also been playing bandy, winning the bandy championship of the Finnish Workers' Sports Federation in 1953, 1954, and 1955.

Veikkausliiga
Veikkausliiga (Finnish: [ˈʋei̯kːɑusˌliːɡɑ]) is a professional association football league in Finland and the highest level of the Finnish football league system. The league comprises the top 12 clubs of the country. Its main sponsor is the Finnish national betting agency Veikkaus, hence the league's name. Veikkausliiga was founded in 1990; before that the top division was called Mestaruussarja (championship series) since 1930 which was an amateur or semi-professional league. Between 1908 and 1930 the championship was decided as a knock-out cup competition.
Fukushima Station (Fukushima)
Fukushima Station (Japanese: 福島駅, Hepburn: Fukushima-eki) is a railway station in the city of Fukushima in Fukushima Prefecture, Japan operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East). The station is located on JR East's Tōhoku Shinkansen and Tōhoku Main Line and is the terminus of the company's Yamagata Shinkansen and Yamagata Line. It also serves as the terminus of the third-sector Abukuma Express Line and privately operated Fukushima Kōtsū Iizaka Line.

Kōriyama Station (Fukushima)
Kōriyama Station (郡山駅, Kōriyama-eki) is a railway station in the city of Kōriyama, Fukushima Prefecture, Japan, operated by the East Japan Railway Company (JR East), with a freight terminal operated by the Japan Freight Railway Company.
Plaza del Sol (Puerto Rico)
Plaza del Sol is a 728,546-square-foot (67,684.1 m2) regional mall located in the city of Bayamón, Puerto Rico. The mall is anchored by a Caribbean Cinemas, Walmart, Burlington, H&M, Dave & Buster's and The Home Depot. The mall was opened in 1998; it was later acquired in 2005 by DDR Corp. out of a $1.15 billion portfolio deal with Caribbean Property Group (CPG), which included the mall. And is now owned by Curzon Puerto Rico.

H&M
H & M Hennes & Mauritz AB, commonly known by its brand name H&M, is a Swedish multinational clothing company headquartered in Stockholm. Built on a fast fashion business model, the retailer sells apparel, accessories, and homeware. The company operates thousands of stores across 75 geographical markets and employs over 171,000 people worldwide.

H&M is the second-largest international clothing retailer after Inditex. H&M was founded by Erling Persson in 1947 under the name Hennes. The CEO of H&M from 2020 to 2024 was Helena Helmersson. The current CEO, as of January 2024, is Daniel Ervér.
Aveek Sarkar v. State of West Bengal
Aveek Sarkar v. State of West Bengal (2014) 4 SCC 257 is a landmark judgment of the Supreme Court of India that redefined the legal standard for determining obscenity under Indian law. Delivered on February 3, 2014, by a bench comprising Justice K.S. Radhakrishnan and Justice A.K. Sikri, the decision rejected the outdated Hicklin test in favor of the more progressive "community standards test," aligning Indian jurisprudence with contemporary societal values.

K. S. Panicker Radhakrishnan
Kalavamkodath Sivasankara Radhakrishna  Panicker (born 15 May 1949) is a former judge of the Supreme Court of India. Prior to that, he served as the Chief Justice of Jammu and Kashmir High Court and Chief Justice of Gujarat High Court.
Steve Davison
Steve Davison is Lead Creative Executive of Parades and Spectaculars for Disney Live Entertainment, and is responsible for the overall creative direction of daytime parades, firework displays, and nighttime spectaculars at Walt Disney Parks and Resorts worldwide. He created such shows as Believe... There's Magic in the Stars, Wishes: A Magical Gathering of Disney Dreams, World of Color, and Disney Dreams!.

Believe... There's Magic in the Stars
Believe... There's Magic In The Stars was a nighttime fireworks show at the Disneyland Resort in Anaheim, California. The show was introduced in early 2000 for the Resort's 45th Anniversary, replacing the long running Fantasy in the Sky fireworks display. At the time, the show was the most complex and lavish ever to be produced by the Disneyland Entertainment team.

On June 1, 2004, Believe... was replaced by Imagine... A Fantasy in the Sky and subsequently on May 1, 2005 by Remember... Dreams Come True for Disneyland's 50th anniversary celebration.

During Believe's entire run at Disneyland, a similarly named fireworks show, Believe... In Holiday Magic, ran during the holiday season, typically from early November to early January.
Goffredo Sommavilla
Goffredo Sommavilla (Belluno, Italia, 21 July 1850 – Montevideo, 21 October 1944) was an Italian painter, mainly of genre themes.

He was born in Belluno, studied in the Accademia di Belle Arti in Venice.  He often painted intimate family scenes, including: Le gramolatrici di canapa at the 1881 Fine Art Exposition, Milan; Flowers of Autumn at the 1881 Exposition of Fine Arts, Milan; La merenda and  Le Lavandaie at the 1881, Exposition of Fine Arts, Milan; La predica della suocera and The Beverage Hour at the 1887, Exposition of Fine Arts, Milan; Il venditore di giornali and Casa nel monti della Carinò at the 1890 Mostra of Turin. He moved in 1882 to Montevideo, Uruguay, where he remained until his death. He became a professor of painting in Montevideo, and among his contemporaries were Juan Manuel Blanes, Soneira, Diógenes Hequet, and Manuel Larravide.

Belluno
Belluno (Italian pronunciation: [belˈluːno] ⓘ; Ladin: Belum; Venetian: Belùn) is a town and province in the Veneto region of northern Italy. Located about 100 kilometres (62 miles) north of Venice, Belluno is the capital of the province of Belluno and the most important city in the Eastern Dolomites region. With a population of 35,543, it is the largest populated area of Valbelluna, and the 12th-largest municipality of Veneto.

It is one of the 15 municipalities of the Dolomiti Bellunesi National Park.
Bolesław II, Duke of Cieszyn
Bolesław II of Cieszyn  (Polish: Bolesław II cieszyński, Czech: Boleslav II. (Těšín), German: Boleslaus II. (Teschen); c. 1425/28 – 4 October 1452), was a Duke of Cieszyn since 1431 (until 1442 with his brothers as co-rulers), ruler over half of Bielsko and Frysztat (from 1442), and during 1452 sole ruler over one half of Bytom.

He was the fourth and youngest son of Duke Bolesław I of Cieszyn by his second wife Euphemia, daughter of Duke Siemowit IV of Masovia.

Cieszyn
Cieszyn (/ˈtʃɛʃɪn/ CHESH-in, Polish: [ˈt͡ɕɛʂɨn] ⓘ; Czech: Těšín [ˈcɛʃiːn] ⓘ; German: Teschen [ˈteːʃn̩]) is a border town in southern Poland on the east bank of the Olza River, and the administrative seat of Cieszyn County, Silesian Voivodeship. The town has 33,500 inhabitants (as of December 2021), and lies opposite Český Těšín in the Czech Republic. Both towns belong to the historical region of Cieszyn Silesia, and formerly constituted the capital of the Duchy of Cieszyn as a single town.
Julien Airoldi
Julien Airoldi (27 May 1900 – 3 December 1974) was a French politician who served in the National Constituent Assembly and National Assembly from the department of Rhône from 21 October 1945 to 4 July 1951.

Rhône (department)
Rhône (French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Arpitan: Rôno) is a French department located in the east-central administrative region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Rhône, its prefecture is Lyon. Its sole subprefecture is Villefranche-sur-Saône. Including the Lyon Metropolis, it had a population of 1,875,747 in 2019.
Mazraat Assaf
Mazraat Assaf (Arabic: مزرعة عساف), also spelled Mazraat Aassaf, is a village in the Bsharri District of Lebanon. The village is located near the towns of Qnat and Mazraat Bani Saab. The Greek Orthodox Annunciation of the Theotokos Church is celebrated in the town. In 2009, there were 336 voters in the town, and there were 329 voters in the year 2014 with 165 females and 164 males.

Mazraat Bani Saab
Mazraat Bani Saab (Arabic: مزرعة بني صعب), also spelled Mazraat Abi Saab or Mazraat Beni’ Saab, is a village in the Bsharri District of Lebanon. The village is located near the towns of Qnat and Mazraat Aassaf. The village is designated by the Ministry of Tourism as a protected ecotourism site.
Grande Sonate 'Les Quatre Âges'
Grande Sonate: Les Quatre Âges (French for Grand sonata: The Four Ages), Op. 33, is a four-movement piano sonata by Charles-Valentin Alkan. The sonata's title refers to the subtitles given to each movement, portraying a man at the ages of 20, 30, 40, and 50. The work was published in 1847, dedicated to the composer's father, Alkan Morhange (who died eight years later, in 1855).

The sequence of movements is unlike the typical classical piano sonata, in that they become progressively slower; after the lively 20 Ans (years), marked 'très vite' (very fast) and the complex 30 Ans, subtitled Quasi-Faust, and marked 'assez vite' (quite fast), 40 Ans is more sedate, marked 'lentement' (slowly), and 50 Ans, dark and pessimistic in mood, is marked 'extrêmement lent' (extremely slow).

Piano Sonata in B minor (Liszt)
The Piano Sonata in B minor (German: Klaviersonate h-moll), S.178, is a single movement piano sonata by Franz Liszt. Liszt completed the work during his time in Weimar, Germany in 1853, a year before it was published in 1854 and performed in 1857. He dedicated the piece to Robert Schumann, in return for Schumann's dedication to Liszt in his Fantasie in C major, Op. 17. A typical performance of this piece lasts around 30 minutes.
Helanthium tenellum
Helanthium tenellum, the pygmy chain sword, is a species of plants in the Alismataceae. It is native to the eastern United States (from Texas to Florida, north to Michigan and Massachusetts), southern Mexico (Chiapas, Veracruz), West Indies (Cuba, Jamaica, Hispaniola), Central America, South America (from Guyana to Argentina)

Alismataceae
The water-plantains (Alismataceae) are a family of flowering plants, comprising 20 genera (17 extant and 3 fossil) and 119 species. The family has a cosmopolitan distribution, with the greatest number of species in temperate regions of the Northern Hemisphere. Most of the species are herbaceous aquatic plants growing in marshes and ponds.
The Idol (1948 film)
The Idol (French: L'idole) is a 1948 French sports drama film directed by Alexander Esway and starring Yves Montand, Albert Préjean  and Suzanne Dehelly. It was shot at the François 1er Studios in Paris. The film's sets were designed by the art director Robert-Jules Garnier.

Yves Montand
Ivo Livi (Italian pronunciation: [ˈiːvo ˈliːvi]; 13 October 1921 – 9 November 1991), better known as Yves Montand (French: [iv mɔ̃tɑ̃]), was an Italian-born French actor and singer. He is said to be one of France's greatest 20th-century artists.
Phuture 303
Phuture 303 was an acid house music group founded in 1996 by DJ Spank Spank. Its members included Roy Davis Jr., Damon Neloms (a.k.a. Professor Trax), L.A. Williams, Ron Maney a.k.a. DJ Skull and Rio "The Musician" Lee.

Phuture 303 released several singles and two full-length albums "Alpha & Omega" in 1996 and "Survival's Our Mission" in 2001.

In 2014, Pierre and Smith reunited as PHUTURE with Lee.,

Phuture
Phuture is an American house music group from Chicago, founded in 1985 by Earl "Spanky" Smith Jr., Nathaniel Pierre Jones aka DJ Pierre, and Herbert "Herb J" Jackson. The group is renowned for inventing and defining the sound of acid house, a subgenre of house music, with their 1987 release "Acid Tracks".