hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Al-Mustansiriya University
Al-Mustansiriya University (Arabic: الجامعة المستنصرية, romanized: al-Jāmiʿa al-Mustanṣariyya) is a public university located in Baghdad, Iraq. It traces its origin back to 1227. The modern form of the university was founded in 1963.

University of Baghdad
The University of Baghdad (UOB) (Arabic: جامعة بغداد), is a public research university in Baghdad, Iraq. It is the largest university in Iraq and the tenth largest in the Arab world. Established in 1957, it was the second largest university in the Arab world, after the University of Cairo. The university has four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Nahda Road and Wazeriya neighborhoods.

The first constituent was opened in 1908, followed by further institutions. Baghdad University provides academic programs in variety of fields such as engineering, medical sciences, liberal arts and religious education. The university maintains four campuses across the city, located in Al-Jadriyah, Bab al-Muadhdham, Wazeriya and Nahda Road.
European Piano Competition Bremen
The European Piano Competition Bremen (German: Europäischer Klavierwettbewerb Bremen, also known as the Bremer Klavierwettbewerb) is an international piano competition held every 2 years in Bremen. It was founded in 1987 by Radio Bremen. The competition is open to pianists from all over Europe, including the musicians from CIS states, Turkey and Israel.

Due to its high artistic requirements and esteemed jury, the European Piano Competition Bremen gained a reputable position among international competitions since its inception. The Competition is organized by Radio Bremen, the Sparkasse Bremen, the Glocke, the Sendesaal Bremen and the Bremen Philharmonic Orchestra. From the very beginning competition has always been overseen by the current Minister for Foreign of Germany.

Radio Bremen
Radio Bremen (pronounced [ˈʁaːdi̯o ˈbʁeːmən]), shortened to RB (pronounced [ɛʁˈbeː]) is the legally mandated broadcaster for the city-state Free Hanseatic City of Bremen (which includes Bremerhaven) in Germany. With its headquarters sited in Bremen, Radio Bremen is a member of the consortium of German public broadcasting organizations, ARD, and is Germany's smallest public radio and television broadcaster.
Traill Green
Dr. Traill Green M.D., LL.D (May 25, 1813 – April 29, 1897) was a medical doctor, scientist, and educator. Green was actively engaged with the early years of Lafayette College, serving at various times as a professor, trustee, and acting president. He was a civic leader in Easton, Pennsylvania, where he lived most of his life.

Lafayette College
Lafayette College is a private liberal arts college in Easton, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded in 1826 by James Madison Porter and other citizens in Easton, the college first held classes in 1832. The founders voted to name the college after the Marquis de Lafayette, a hero of the American Revolution.

Located on College Hill in Easton, the campus overlooks the Delaware River and is situated in the Lehigh Valley, about 70 mi (110 km) west of New York City and 60 mi (97 km) north of Philadelphia. Lafayette enrolls approximately 2,700 undergraduate students and offers programs in the humanities, social sciences, natural sciences, and engineering. The college emphasizes small class sizes and undergraduate research, and it competes in NCAA Division I athletics as a member of the Patriot League. As of 2024, its endowment was valued at over $1 billion.
Aviva Brecher
Aviva Brecher (born July 4, 1945) is a Romanian-American applied physicist and transportation scientist who studied magnetic levitation for many years at the John A. Volpe National Transportation Systems Center, a research center of the United States Department of Transportation.

Magnetic levitation
Magnetic levitation (maglev) or magnetic suspension is a method by which an object is suspended with no support other than magnetic fields. Magnetic force is used to counteract the effects of the gravitational force and any other forces.

The two primary issues involved in magnetic levitation are lifting forces: providing an upward force sufficient to counteract gravity, and stability: ensuring that the system does not spontaneously slide or flip into a configuration where the lift is neutralized.

Magnetic levitation is used for maglev trains, contactless melting, magnetic bearings, and for product display purposes.
Katō Tsune
Katō Tsune (加藤つね), Shōju-in (松寿院) or Otsune (お安) was a Japanese female warrior (Onna-musha) from the Sengoku period. She came from the Katō clan and was the wife of the samurai warlord Okumura Nagatomi. She helped her family and the Maeda troops resist Sassa Narimasa at the siege of Suemori Castle by providing food and medical aid to injured warriors and arming herself with a naginata to fight beside them during the conflict. In 1599, right before Maeda Toshiie's death, he gave Tsune two pieces of gold in appreciation for her bravery

Maeda Toshiie
Maeda Toshiie (前田 利家; January 15, 1538 – April 27, 1599) was one of the leading generals of Oda Nobunaga following the Sengoku period of the 16th century extending to the Azuchi–Momoyama period. His preferred weapon was a yari, and Matazaemon (又左衛門) was his common name; he was therefore known as Yari no Mataza (槍の又左). He was a member of the so-called Echizen Sanninshu (Echizen Triumvir) along with Sassa Narimasa and Fuwa Mitsuharu. The highest rank from the court that he received is the Great Counselor Dainagon (大納言).
2011 FIA GT1 World Championship
The 2011 FIA GT1 World Championship season was the second season of the SRO Group's FIA GT1 World Championship, an auto racing series for grand tourer cars complying with Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA) GT1 regulations. The championship comprised two titles: GT1 World Champion for Drivers and GT1 World Champion for Teams. Five of the six manufacturers represented in the 2010 championship returned for the second season, however Maserati was not represented and 2010 Teams World Champions Vitaphone Racing Team did not defend their title.

The season commenced at the Yas Marina Circuit in Abu Dhabi on 25–26 March and ended at the Potrero de los Funes Circuit in Argentina on 4–6 November.  The ten event season included an inaugural race at the Ordos International Circuit in China.  Germans Lucas Luhr and Michael Krumm of the JR Motorsports team won the World Drivers' Championship after earning four race victories, while Hexis AMR won the Teams' Championship.

Hexis Racing
Hexis Racing is an auto racing team based in Lédenon, France. Hexis Racing was founded by Michel Mateu, CEO of Hexis S.A. in 2001, initially for participation in the French Formula Renault Championship. Hexis later moved into grand tourer racing in 2005, participating in the FFSA GT Championship before joining the FIA GT3 European Championship in 2007. Hexis Racing has further expanded, now supporting Aston Martin Racing in the 2010 FIA GT1 World Championship season. The team is currently managed by Clément Mateu and Philippe Dumas.
Jenny Vetter
Jennifer Vetter (born October 17, 1999) is an American professional soccer player who plays as a striker or midfielder for Kansallinen Liiga club Åland United. She played college soccer for the Minnesota State Mavericks before starting her professional career with Portuguese club Racing Power FC and USL Super League club Spokane Zephyr FC.

Spokane Zephyr FC
Spokane Zephyr FC is an American professional women's soccer club based in Spokane, Washington, that competes in the USL Super League (USLS). Zephyr FC is owned by Aequus Sports, which also operates Spokane Velocity FC of USL League One (USL1).
Shirley M. Watts
Shirley Marie Watts (born March 6, 1959) is an American lawyer and jurist from Baltimore, Maryland. Since July 2013, she has served as a Justice on the Supreme Court of Maryland, the state's highest court. Watts is the first African American woman to serve as a judge on the Court of Appeals. Prior to her appointment, she was a judge on the Maryland Court of Special Appeals from 2011 to 2013 and an associate judge on the Baltimore City Circuit Court from 2002 to 2011.

Born in Baltimore, Watts received her Bachelor of Arts degree from Howard University in 1980. She earned a Juris Doctor degree from Rutgers School of Law in 1983. On July 3, 2013, Governor Martin O'Malley nominated Watts to fill the seat of retired Chief Judge Robert M. Bell on the Court of Appeals, representing the 6th Appellate Circuit (Baltimore City).

Robert M. Bell
Robert Mack Bell (born July 6, 1943) is an American lawyer and jurist from Baltimore, Maryland. From 1996 to 2013, he served as Chief Judge on the Maryland Court of Appeals, now known as the Supreme Court of Maryland, the state's highest appellate court. He was the first African American to hold the position.

At 16 years old, Bell was the lead plaintiff in Bell v. Maryland, a case that ultimately helped push the U.S. toward desegregation. Bell served as a judge at every level of the Maryland court system; and on July 6, 2013, reached the state's mandatory retirement age of 70 years for appellate and circuit court judges.
Mary Hutcheson Page
Mary Hutcheson Page (March 16, 1860 – 1940) was an American Suffragist from Brookline, Massachusetts. She was a member and leader of suffrage organizations at both the state and national levels, wrote on the subject of suffrage for a variety of publications. She worked with other American suffragists Carrie Chapman Catt and Susan B. Anthony.

Carrie Chapman Catt
Carrie Chapman Catt (born Carrie Clinton Lane; January 9, 1859 – March 9, 1947) was an American women's suffrage leader who campaigned for the Nineteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution, which gave U.S. women the right to vote in 1920. Catt served as president of the National American Woman Suffrage Association from 1900 to 1904 and 1915 to 1920. She founded the League of Women Voters in 1920 and the International Woman Suffrage Alliance in 1904, which was later named International Alliance of Women. She "led an army of voteless women in 1919 to pressure Congress to pass the constitutional amendment giving them the right to vote and convinced state legislatures to ratify it in 1920". She "was one of the best-known women in the United States in the first half of the twentieth century and was on all lists of famous American women."
Lynching of Andrew Richards
A mob of white Winchester, Illinois, residents lynched Andrew Richards, a black man, on September 11, 1877. He was forcibly taken from the Winchester, Illinois jail by a mob of several hundred people. He was accused of the rape of a white woman, Mrs. John Pruitt, in a nearby orchard.

Winchester, Illinois
Winchester is a city in and the county seat of Scott County, Illinois, United States. As of the 2020 census, Winchester had a population of 1,574. Winchester is part of the Jacksonville Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Stöð 3
Stöð 3 was an Icelandic general television channel, owned and operated by Sýn. Founded on September 7, 2013. The channel showcased a wide range of programming from the US and domestic programming. The channel was only available based as a subscription service. All non-Icelandic programming was subtitled.

An unrelated channel of the same name existed between 1995 and 1997.

The channel shut in 2020 and was merged into Stöð 2 Fjölskylda.

Stöð 3 (1995)
Stöð 3 was an Icelandic television channel which launched on 24 November 1995, but shut down in February 1997, when it merged with Stöð 2 and Sýn.

Its owner was Íslenska sjónvarpið hf, whose shareholders were Morgunblaðið's publisher Árvakur, Nýherji, Sambíóin, Japis and Texti; in total, there were 15 shareholders, none of which held more than 10% of the shares. Its first administrative director was Úlfar Steindórsson, followed by Heimir Karlsson (who took over in August 1996) and its last was Magnús E. Kristjánsson.
David Ruthven, 2nd Lord Ruthven of Freeland
David Ruthven, 2nd Lord Ruthven of Freeland (died April 1701) was a Scottish politician.

The son of Thomas Ruthven, 1st Lord Ruthven of Freeland by his wife Isabel Balfour, he succeeded his father as Lord Ruthven of Freeland in May 1671, and from 1689 to 1692 served as one of the commissioners for exercising the office of Lord High Treasurer of Scotland.

On 3rd April 1696 Ruthven was elected to the court of directors of the Company of Scotland trading to Africa and the Indies.  He was a member of the Company's committee of improvements and helped to persuade the Presbyterian minister Rev. Adam Scott to join the first expedition to Darien on the isthmus of Panama in 1698.

Ruthven died without issue, and his title passed to his sister Jean.

Thomas Ruthven, 1st Lord Ruthven of Freeland
Thomas Ruthven, 1st Lord Ruthven (died 6 May 1671) was the son of William Ruthven of Freeland by his wife Isabella Fotheringham, and a great-great-grandson of William Ruthven, 1st Lord Ruthven. In January 1651, he was created Lord Ruthven of Freeland, in the Peerage of Scotland, by King Charles II (who, though in exile from England, had been crowned King of Scots at Scone earlier that month). Lord Ruthven was married to Isabel, daughter of Robert Balfour (previously Arnot) and his wife Margaret Balfour, 2nd Lady Balfour of Burleigh, and by her was the father of a son David, who succeeded to his title. His daughter Jean later succeeded to the title, and on her death it passed to the issue of another daughter, Elizabeth, who had married Sir Francis Ruthven, 1st Baronet.
St. Mel's Crozier
St. Mel's Crozier was a fully intact 10th or 11th century Insular crozier discovered in the mid-19th century on the grounds of an early medieval church in Ardagh, County Longford. It consisted of a wooden core lined with metal sheet tubing decorated with silver, coral and glass, as well as three knopes and a ring towards its base. The drop plate was formed by a separately formed wood block, which was added to in the 12th century with a figure of a cleric or bishop wearing a mitre and holding a staff.

Although it had been in good condition and was fully intact, the crozier was "almost entirely destroyed" in 2009 when its holding location St Mel's Cathedral (built c. 1840) was decimated in a disastrous fire that destroyed over 200 objects, including stained glass windows by Harry Clarke.

Harry Clarke
Henry Patrick Clarke RHA (17 March 1889 – 6 January 1931) was an Irish stained-glass artist and book illustrator. Born in Dublin, he was a leading figure in the Irish Arts and Crafts movement.

His work was influenced by both the Art Nouveau and Art Deco movements. His stained glass was particularly informed by the French Symbolist movement.
Speed climbing at the 2017 IFSC Climbing World Cup
Speed climbing competitions at the 2017 IFSC Climbing World Cup were being held at seven stops. The winners were awarded trophies, and the best three finishers received medals.

At the World Cup in Nanjing, Reza Alipour of Iran and Russia's Iuliia Kaplina set world records on their way to the men's and women's speed titles of 5.48 and 7.38 seconds respectively.

At the end of the season an overall ranking was determined based upon points, which athletes were awarded for finishing in the top 30 of each individual event. Vladislav Deulin won the men's seasonal title, Anouck Jaubert won the women's seasonal title, and Russian Federation won the national team title.

Vladislav Deulin
Vladislav Aleksandrovich Deulin (Russian: Владислав Александрович Деулин; born 5 May 1994) is a Russian competition climber. He is the current world leader in the IFSC competition speed climbing discipline.
Arrondissement of Corte
The arrondissement of Corte (French: arrondissement de Corte; Corsican: circundariu di Corti) is an arrondissement of France in the Haute-Corse department in the territorial collectivity of Corsica. It has 158 communes. Its population is 60,236 (2021), and its area is 2,853.4 km2 (1,101.7 sq mi).

Haute-Corse
Haute-Corse (French: [ot kɔʁs] ⓘ; Corsican: Corsica suprana [ˈkorsiɡa zuˈprana], Cismonte [tʃiˈzmɔnte] or Alta Corsica; English: Upper Corsica) is a department of France, consisting of the northern part of the island of Corsica. The corresponding departmental territorial collectivity merged with that of Corse-du-Sud on 1 January 2018, forming the single territorial collectivity of Corsica, with territorial elections coinciding with the dissolution of the separate councils. However, even though its administrative powers were ceded to the new territorial collectivity, it continues to remain an administrative department in its own right. In 2019, it had a population of 181,933.
Marc Lifschey
Marc Lifschey (June 16, 1926 – November 8, 2000) was an American oboist who played principal oboe for the Cleveland Orchestra, the San Francisco Symphony, the Metropolitan Opera Orchestra, and the Buffalo Philharmonic Orchestra over the course of his life.

Cleveland Orchestra
The Cleveland Orchestra is an American orchestra based in Cleveland, Ohio, United States.  Founded in 1918 by the pianist and impresario Adella Prentiss Hughes, the orchestra is one of the five American orchestras informally referred to as the "Big Five".  The orchestra plays most of its concerts at Severance Music Center. Its current music director is Franz Welser-Möst.
Debra Bazemore
Debra L. Jones Bazemore (born December 30, 1957) is an American politician serving as a member of the Georgia House of Representatives from the 69th district. Elected in 2016, she assumed office on January 9, 2017.

Georgia House of Representatives
33°44′57″N 84°23′18″W﻿ / ﻿33.749070°N 84.388362°W﻿ / 33.749070; -84.388362

The Georgia House of Representatives is the lower house of the Georgia General Assembly (the state legislature) of the U.S. state of Georgia. There are currently 180 elected members. Republicans have had a majority in the chamber since 2005. The current House Speaker is Jon G. Burns.
1929 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election
The 1929 Virginia lieutenant gubernatorial election was held on November 5, 1929, in order to elect the lieutenant governor of Virginia. Democratic nominee and incumbent member of the Virginia House of Delegates James Hubert Price defeated Republican nominee C. B. Jones.

Lieutenant Governor of Virginia
The lieutenant governor of the Commonwealth of Virginia is a constitutional officer of the Commonwealth of Virginia. The lieutenant governor is elected every four years along with the governor and attorney general.

The office is currently held by Ghazala Hashmi, who was elected in 2025 and is the second woman and fourth person of color to hold this position. The governor and lieutenant governor are elected separately and thus may be of different political parties. The lieutenant governor serves as the president of the Senate of Virginia and is first in the line of succession to the governorship; if the governor dies, resigns, or otherwise leaves office, the lieutenant governor becomes governor. In Virginia, the governor is not permitted to serve consecutive terms, but the lieutenant governor may do so, and has no term limit.
Joan Hooley
Joan Hooley (born 13 November 1936) is a British actress. She is best known for playing the role of Josie McFarlane in BBC's EastEnders. Still, she has also appeared in other television programmes, since the mid-1950s. Since 2015, she has appeared in ITV's Off Their Rockers.

Off Their Rockers (British TV series)
Off Their Rockers is a British hidden camera sketch series on ITV. The programme is based on the American series Betty White's Off Their Rockers. The UK series sees senior citizens turn the tables on unsuspecting members of the public in a series of funny and unexpected pranks. The format originates from Belgium ("Benidorm Bastards").

Two special episodes known as the Blue Badge specials aired in June 2015, starring a new cast.
Kirsty Gunn
Kirsty Gunn (born 1960, New Zealand) is a novelist, essayist, short story writer, and professor of creative writing. She has won the Scottish Arts Council Book of the Year award, the New Zealand Post Book Awards Book of the Year award, and the Edge Hill Short Story Prize.

Scottish Arts Council
The Scottish Arts Council (Scottish Gaelic: Comhairle Ealain na h-Alba), was a Scottish public body responsible for the funding, development and promotion of the arts in Scotland. The Council primarily distributed funding from the Scottish Government as well as National Lottery funds received via the Department for Culture, Media and Sport.

The Scottish Arts Council was formed in 1994 following a restructuring of the Arts Council of Great Britain, but had existed as an autonomous body since a royal charter of 1967. In 2010 it merged with Scottish Screen to form Creative Scotland.
Von Steuben Day
Von Steuben Day is a holiday traditionally held on a weekend in mid-September (von Steuben was born September 17), celebrating the Prussian-born Baron Friedrich von Steuben, who arrived in the United States as a volunteer offering his services to General George Washington in the American Revolutionary War. Von Steuben is still regarded as one of the most important German Americans, as his training of the young American troops made victory against the British possible. Thus, his work helped gain independence for the United States of America. The day is generally considered the German-American event of the year, and many participants wear tracht costumes, including dirndls and lederhosen, to celebrate their heritage. Celebrations focus on parades where participants march, dance, and play music.

Lederhosen
The term Lederhosen (/ˈleɪdərˌhoʊzən/; German pronunciation: [ˈleːdɐˌhoːzn̩] ⓘ, singular in German usage: Lederhose, German: [ˈleːdɐˌhoːzə] ⓘ; lit. "Leather Pants") is used in English to refer specifically to the traditional leather breeches worn by men in Southern Germany (specifically in Bavaria and Swabia), Austria, South Tyrol and Slovenia. The term Trachten Lederhose is often used in German to avoid confusion with other types of leather pants. The longer trousers are generally called Bundhosen.
Colin Patterson (ice hockey)
Colin Alexander Patterson (born May 11, 1960) is a Canadian former professional ice hockey player who played ten seasons in the National Hockey League (NHL). An undrafted player, he signed as a free agent with the Calgary Flames in 1983 after three seasons of college hockey with the Clarkson Golden Knights. A defensive specialist, Patterson played eight years with the Flames and was a member of their 1989 Stanley Cup championship team. After missing virtually the entire 1990–91 NHL season due to a knee injury, Patterson returned to the NHL for two seasons as a member of the Buffalo Sabres.  He retired in 1994 after playing one season in Slovenia for HK Olimpija Ljubljana.

1990–91 NHL season
The 1990–91 NHL season was the 74th season of the National Hockey League. The Stanley Cup winners were the Pittsburgh Penguins, who won the best of seven series 4–2 against the Minnesota North Stars to claim their first championship. This was the last NHL season to end in May.
Frank (Amy Winehouse album)
Frank is the debut studio album by the English singer and songwriter Amy Winehouse. It was released on 20 October 2003, by Island Records. Production for the album took place during 2002 to 2003 and was handled by Winehouse, Salaam Remi, Commissioner Gordon, Jimmy Hogarth and Matt Rowe. Its title alludes to the nature and tone of Winehouse's lyrics on the album, as well as one of her influences, Frank Sinatra.

Upon its release, Frank received generally positive reviews from most music critics and earned Winehouse several accolades, including an Ivor Novello Award. The album has sold over one million copies in the United Kingdom and has been certified triple platinum by the British Phonographic Industry (BPI).

Ivor Novello Awards
The Ivor Novello Awards, named after the Welsh entertainer Ivor Novello, are awards for songwriting and composing. They have been presented annually in London by the Ivors Academy, formerly called the British Academy of Songwriters, Composers, and Authors, since 1956.