hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
1988 European Cup final
The 1988 European Cup final was a football match played between PSV Eindhoven of the Netherlands and Benfica of Portugal to decide the champion of the 1987–88 European Cup. PSV won 6–5 on penalties after a goalless draw after extra time. The match was played at Neckarstadion, Stuttgart, on 25 May 1988. According to PSV player Berry van Aerle, it was not a particularly good match, with both teams very cautious. However, it was exciting until the end and concluded in a tense penalty shoot-out.

For PSV, this win secured a treble of the Dutch Cup, the Dutch Championship and the European Cup. Five members of the PSV side were also part of the Netherlands team that went on to win UEFA Euro 1988 in West Germany that summer.

UEFA Euro 1988
The 1988 UEFA European Football Championship final tournament was held in West Germany from 10 to 25 June 1988. It was the eighth UEFA European Championship, which is held every four years and supported by UEFA. France were the defending champions, but failed to qualify. The tournament crowned the Netherlands as European champions for the first time.

Euro 1988 was a rare instance of a major football tournament ending without a single sending-off or goalless draw, nor any knockout matches going to extra time or penalties. This was the final European Championship to feature teams from West Germany and the Soviet Union, as the West and East Germans reunified to become Germany in 1990, and the Soviet Union disintegrated into 15 countries in 1991.
Long-tailed parakeet
The long-tailed parakeet (Psittacula longicauda) or Burung Bayan Nuri in Malay is a parakeet endemic to the regions of Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Sumatra, Borneo and Peninsular Malaysia (including Singapore). It is allopatric with the congener, the Red-breasted parakeet, Psittacula alexandri, except in the Andaman Islands where they occur together.

Red-breasted parakeet
The red-breasted parakeet (Psittacula alexandri) is a parrot native to Southeast Asia. It is among the more widespread species of the genus and is the species which has the most geographical variations. It is easily identified by the large red patch on its breast. An alternative name is the moustached parakeet depending on subspecies. Most of the subspecies are confined to minuscule islands or a cluster of islands in Indonesia. One subspecies occurs in the Andaman Islands, and one subspecies occurs in continental Southeast Asia and partly extending to northeastern parts of South Asia along the foothills of the Himalayas. Some of the island races may be threatened by the wild bird trade. The nominate race, which occurs in Java, is close to extinction.

Feral populations of this species have now established themselves in cities like Mumbai and Singapore. Small numbers occur in other cities such as Chennai and Bangalore in India.
Absolute Dissent
Absolute Dissent is the thirteenth studio album by English post-punk band Killing Joke, released on 27 September 2010 by Spinefarm Records, distributed worldwide by Universal Music Group.

Absolute Dissent is Killing Joke's first studio album in twenty-eight years to feature the band's original line-up, Jaz Coleman (vocals), Kevin "Geordie" Walker (guitar), Martin "Youth" Glover (bass guitar) and Paul Ferguson (drums), and also their first album following the death of their long-time bassist Paul Raven in 2007. Absolute Dissent was engineered and mixed by Clive Goddard, and produced by the band.

The album was released on various formats including CD, double coloured vinyl and a two-disc deluxe edition featuring a bonus disc entitled Absolute Respect containing cover versions of Killing Joke songs by Metallica, Amen, Helmet, Econoline Crush, Dead by April, Nine Inch Nails, The Mad Capsule Markets, Nouvelle Vague, Fear Factory, Foo Fighters and Kotiteollisuus.

Amen (American band)
Amen was an American band that combined elements of punk and heavy metal. It was formed in Los Angeles in 1994 by frontman and singer Casey Chaos (real name Karim Chmielinski). Although the band experienced little success in the United States, Amen attracted a significant following in the United Kingdom. The band saw continuous changes in membership, with Casey Chaos remaining the sole original member, before Chaos's death in late 2024.
2002 French Community Championships
The 2002 French Community Championships was a women's tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts in Brussels, Belgium that was part of the Tier IV category of the 2002 WTA Tour. It was the ninth and last edition of the tournament and was held from 8 July until 14 July 2002. Unseeded Myriam Casanova won the singles title and the accompanying $22,000 first-prize money.

Myriam Casanova
Myriam Casanova (born 20 June 1985) is a former tennis player from Switzerland.

She was ranked as high as No. 45 on the WTA Tour in singles and won one WTA singles title in her career. In doubles, she reached the semi-finals of the 2003 US Open, partnering Marion Bartoli of France, and achieved a career-high ranking of world No. 19.
David Colmer
David Colmer (Adelaide, 1960) is an Australian writer and translator, mainly of Dutch-language literature. He translates novels, poetry and children's literature and is the current English translator of Gerbrand Bakker, Dimitri Verhulst, Annie M.G. Schmidt, and Nachoem M. Wijnberg. Colmer's poetry translations include selections of the work of Hugo Claus, Anna Enquist, Cees Nooteboom, Ramsey Nasr and Paul van Ostaijen.

Cees Nooteboom
Cornelis Johannes Jacobus Maria "Cees" Nooteboom (Dutch pronunciation: [seːs ˈnoːtəboːm]; 31 July 1933 – 11 February 2026) was a Dutch novelist, poet and journalist. After the attention received by his novel Rituals (Rituelen, 1980), which won the Pegasus Prize, it was the first of his novels to be translated into an English-language edition, published in 1983 by Louisiana State University Press (LSU Press) of the United States. LSU Press published his two earlier novels in English in the following years, as well as other works up until 1990. Harcourt (now Houghton Mifflin Harcourt) and Grove Press have since published some of his works in English.

Nooteboom won numerous literary awards and was mentioned as a candidate for the Nobel Prize in literature.
Zhao Zhiqian
Zhao Zhiqian (Chinese: 赵之谦; 1829–1884) was a Chinese calligrapher, seal carver and painter in the late Qing Dynasty, "the leading scholar-artist of his day." Zhao's seal carving had profound influence on the later masters, such as Wu Changshuo and Qi Baishi. He is also known under the courtesy name of Yifu (益甫) and his pseudonym (hào) of Lengjun (冷君), which he changed to Huishu (撝叔) and Bei'an (悲盦) respectively later in his life.

Wu Changshuo
Wu Changshuo (Chinese: 吳昌碩; pinyin: Wú Chāngshuò, September 12, 1844 – November 29, 1927, also romanised as Wu Changshi, Chinese: 吳昌石; pinyin: Wú Chāngshí), born Wu Junqing (Chinese: 吳俊卿; pinyin: Wú Jùnqīng), was a Chinese calligrapher, painter, and seal artist of the late Qing Period.
Xiaosaurus
Xiaosaurus ("dawn lizard", /ʃaʊˈsɔːrəs/), is a genus of small herbivorous ornithischian dinosaur from the middle Jurassic (approximately 170.3 to 163.5 million years ago) of what is now the Sichuan Basin of China.

Shaximiao Formation
The Shaximiao Formation (simplified Chinese: 沙溪庙组; traditional Chinese: 沙溪廟組 / 沙溪廟層; pinyin: Shāxīmiào zǔ) is a Middle to Late Jurassic aged geological formation in Sichuan, China, most notable for the wealth of dinosaurs fossils that have been excavated from its strata. The Shaximiao Formation is exposed in and around the small township of Dashanpu (simplified Chinese: 大山铺镇; traditional Chinese: 大山鋪鎮; pinyin: Dàshānpū zhèn), situated seven kilometres north-east from Sichuan's third largest city, Zigong, in the Da'an District.
Josephine Talamantez
Josephine S. "Josie" Talamantez is a historian from San Diego, California. She co-founded Chicano Park in 1970 and helped develop it into a cultural National Historic Landmark containing the largest collection of artistic murals in the United States. Talamantez was also the Chief of Programs for the California Arts Council, served as the director of the Centro Cultural de la Raza, and was on the board of the National Association of Latino Arts and Culture.

California Arts Council
The California Arts Council functions as a state agency headquartered in Sacramento, California. Its board comprises eight council members who receive appointments from both the Governor and the California State Legislature. The agency's objective is to promote the advancement of California's cultural landscape through arts, culture, and creativity.
4th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division (Soviet Union)
The 4th Anti-Aircraft Artillery Division (Russian: 4-я зенитная артиллерийская дивизия) was an anti-aircraft artillery division of the Soviet Union's Red Army during World War II and the Soviet Army in the early postwar years.

Formed in November 1942, the division was soon sent to the front in December during the Battle of Stalingrad, providing air defense to the 1st Guards Army. In the spring of 1943 the 4th was directly subordinated to the headquarters of the Southwestern Front. The division served with the front, which became the 3rd Ukrainian Front, for the entire war. It supported the 5th Shock Army in the advance to the Dniester in May 1944, and was awarded the honorific Lower Dniester for its actions. The division was awarded Order of Bogdan Khmelnitsky for its actions in the Balaton Defensive Operation in the spring of 1945. It was disbanded in 1947, remaining in Eastern Europe postwar as part of Soviet occupation forces there.

3rd Ukrainian Front
The 3rd Ukrainian Front (Russian: Третий Украинский фронт, romanized: Tretiy Ukrainskiy front) was a Front of the Soviet Red Army during World War II.

It was founded on 20 October 1943, on the basis of a Stavka order of October 16, 1943, by renaming the Southwestern Front. It included 1st Guards Army, 8th Guards Army, 6th, 12th, and 46th Armies and 17th Air Army. Later it included 5th Shock, 4th and 9th Guards Army, 26th, 27th, 28th, 37th, 57th Army, 6th Guards Tank Army, and the Bulgarian First, Second and Fourth Armies. The Danube Flotilla was assigned to the Front's operational control. This included the 83rd Naval Infantry Brigade.
Karine Baste
Karine Baste (formerly Baste-Régis; born 11 October 1982) is a French journalist and news presenter from Martinique. She began her career as an image producer while interning at Société de Radiodiffusion et de télévision Française pour l'Outre-mer (RFO). Baste then worked as an editor of subjects relating to Saint Barthélemy and Saint-Martin before making her first on-screen appearance in 2007. She works for France Télévisions and has read the news on the Télématin, 13 heures and Journal de 20 heures programmes as well as on the France Info news channel.

Journal de 20 heures
The Journal de 20 heures (The 8pm Journal), also known as 20 heures and symbolized as 20h on-screen, is a French television news program that broadcasts at 8pm every evening on France 2, as its name suggests. This program is the successor of 24 heures actualités, 24 heures sur la Deux, and INF 2 which have been broadcast successively since 15 September 1967 on television.
Turning Stone Resort Casino
Turning Stone Resort Casino is a Native American resort casino owned and operated by the Oneida Indian Nation of New York (OIN) in Verona, New York.

The facility opened on July 20, 1993, and offers golf amenities (on- and off-site golf courses, one of PGA Tour quality, and an indoor golf dome), an RV park, trails for walking, an amusement arcade, many restaurants, spas, Bingo, Keno, table games, and many types of reel and video slot machines.  Until the Seneca Niagara Casino opened in 2002, it was the only land-based casino in New York. Adjacent to exit 33 of the New York State Thruway, the resort is a popular tourist destination in central New York State and has received numerous awards in the industry.

Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel
Seneca Niagara Casino & Hotel is a casino in Niagara Falls, New York, United States. It was built by the Seneca Nation to compete with Casino Niagara and Niagara Fallsview Casino Resort in Niagara Falls, Ontario, Canada. Formerly known as the Niagara Falls Convention and Civic Center, it was sold to the federally recognized Seneca Nation of New York.

The casino floor has an area of 147,000 sq ft (13,700 m2) with 99 gaming tables and 4,200 slot machines. It is the largest hotel in New York state outside of Manhattan.
Ray and Faye Copeland
Faye Della Copeland (née Wilson; August 4, 1921 – December 23, 2003) and Raymond W. Copeland (December 30, 1914 – October 19, 1993) became, at the ages of 69 and 76 respectively, the oldest couple ever sentenced to death in the United States. They were convicted of killing five drifters at their farm in Mooresville, Missouri. When her sentence was commuted to life in prison in 1999, Faye Copeland was the oldest woman on death row.

Vagrancy
Vagrancy is the condition of wandering homelessness without regular employment or income. Vagrants usually live in poverty and support themselves by travelling while engaging in begging,  scavenging, or petty theft. In Western countries, vagrancy was historically a crime punishable with forced labor, military service, imprisonment, or confinement to dedicated labor houses.

Both vagrant and vagabond ultimately derive from the Latin word  vagari, meaning "to wander". The term vagabond and its archaic equivalent vagabone come from Latin vagabundus ("strolling about"). In Middle English, vagabond originally denoted a person without a home or employment.
Kizhakke Varum Paattu
Kizhakke Varum Paattu (transl. The song from the east) is a 1993 Indian Tamil-language romance film directed by Radha Bharathi starring Prashanth and Charmila. The film was released on 11 December 1993.

Charmila
Charmila (born 2 October 1974) is an Indian actress who predominantly works in Malayalam cinema. Apart from movies in Malayalam, she acted in Tamil, Telugu and Kannada movies. She completed almost 38 films in the Malayalam film industry.
Barry Dyson
John Barry Dyson (6 September 1942 – 26 February 1995; better known as Barry Dyson) was an English association footballer who played as a centre forward. He played in the Football League for Bury, Tranmere Rovers, Crystal Palace, Watford, Orient and Colchester United, as well as a brief spell on loan at non-league Chelmsford City.

Chelmsford City F.C.
Chelmsford City Football Club is a professional football club based in Chelmsford, Essex, England. Currently members of the National League South, the sixth tier of English football, they play at the Melbourne Stadium.
The Orphan Master's Son
The Orphan Master's Son is a 2012 novel by the American author Adam Johnson. It deals with intertwined propaganda, identity, and state power themes in North Korea. The novel was awarded the 2013 Pulitzer Prize for Fiction.

Pulitzer Prize for Fiction
The Pulitzer Prize for Fiction is one of the seven American Pulitzer Prizes that are annually awarded for Letters, Drama, and Music. It recognizes distinguished fiction by an American author, preferably dealing with American life, published during the preceding calendar year.

As the Pulitzer Prize for the Novel (awarded 1918–1947), it was one of the original Pulitzers; the program was inaugurated in 1917 with seven prizes, four of which were awarded that year (no Novel prize was awarded in 1917, the first one having been granted in 1918).

The name was changed to the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction in 1948 and eligibility was expanded to the broader "distinguished fiction published in book form". The Advisory Board wanted to give the award to James A. Michener's Tales of the South Pacific, which required expanding the category criteria and lifting the ban on short stories.

Finalists have been announced since 1980, usually a total of three.
Distance-regular graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a distance-regular graph is a regular graph such that for any two vertices v and w, the number of vertices at distance j from v and at distance k from w depends only upon j, k, and the distance between v and w.

Some authors exclude the complete graphs and disconnected graphs from this definition.

Every distance-transitive graph is distance regular.  Indeed, distance-regular graphs were introduced as a combinatorial generalization of distance-transitive graphs, having the numerical regularity properties of the latter without necessarily having a large automorphism group.

Complete graph
In the mathematical field of graph theory, a complete graph is a simple undirected graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a unique edge.  A complete digraph is a directed graph in which every pair of distinct vertices is connected by a pair of unique edges (one in each direction).

Graph theory itself is typically dated as beginning with Leonhard Euler's 1736 work on the Seven Bridges of Königsberg. However, drawings of complete graphs, with their vertices placed on the points of a regular polygon, had already appeared in the 13th century, in the work of Ramon Llull. Such a drawing is sometimes referred to as a mystic rose.
Harun Robert
Harun Robert (born 28 December 1978), known professionally as Rob, is an Indian professional artist, YouTube and TV personality. He was the host and creative director of popular Do it yourself (DIY) TV show M.A.D., which aired on Pogo.

He is currently active on YouTube and Instagram with his channel Mad Stuff With Rob and "artguyrob" respectively and also on Disney India's new show Imagine That. He used to outcast his talent in terms of creative do-it-yourself ideas to make the young children build an imaginative career.

Disney India
The Walt Disney Company India, also known as Disney India, is the Indian subsidiary of The Walt Disney Company, headquartered in Mumbai, Maharashtra.

In March 2019, The Walt Disney Company India became India's biggest television broadcaster after the acquisition of 21st Century Fox by Disney, which included Star India.
Einstein family
The Einstein family is the family of physicist Albert Einstein (1879–1955). Einstein's fourth-great-grandfather, Jakob Weil, was his oldest recorded relative, born in the late 17th century, and the family continues to this day. Albert Einstein's second-great-grandfather, Löb Moses Sontheimer (1745–1831), was also the grandfather of the tenor Heinrich Sontheim (1820–1912) of Stuttgart.

Albert's three children were from his relationship with his first wife, Mileva Marić, his daughter Lieserl being born a year before they married. Albert Einstein's second wife was Elsa Einstein, whose mother Fanny Koch was the sister of Albert's mother, and whose father, Rudolf Einstein, was the son of Raphael Einstein, a brother of Albert's paternal grandfather. Albert and Elsa were thus first cousins through their mothers and second cousins through their fathers.

Evelyn Einstein
Evelyn Einstein (March 28, 1941 – April 13, 2011) was the adopted daughter of Hans Albert Einstein, the son of Albert Einstein. She graduated from University of California, Berkeley with a master's degree in literature, and had several jobs in her life including animal control officer, cult deprogrammer, and reserve police officer in Berkeley, California.
Battle of Megiddo (609 BC)
This Battle of Megiddo is recorded as having taken place in 609 BC, when Pharaoh Necho II of Egypt led his army to Carchemish (northern Syria) to join with his allies, the fading Neo-Assyrian Empire, against the surging Neo-Babylonian Empire. This required passing through territory controlled by the Kingdom of Judah. The Judaean king Josiah refused to let the Egyptians pass. The Judaean forces battled the Egyptians at Megiddo, resulting in Josiah's death and his kingdom becoming a vassal state of Egypt. The battle is recorded in the Hebrew Bible, the Greek 1 Esdras, and the writings of Jewish historian Josephus.

While Necho II gained control of the Kingdom of Judah, the Assyrian forces lost to the Babylonians and Medes at the Fall of Harran, after which Assyria largely ceased to exist as an independent state.

Carchemish
Carchemish (/ˈkɑːrkəmɪʃ/ KAR-kəm-ish or /kɑːrˈkiːmɪʃ/ kar-KEE-mish), also spelled Karkemish (Turkish: Karkamış), was an important ancient capital in the northern part of the region of Syria. At times during its history the city was independent, but it was also part of the Mitanni, Hittite and Neo-Assyrian Empires. Today it is on the frontier between Turkey and Syria.

It was the location of an important battle, about 605 BC, between the Babylonians and Egyptians, mentioned in the Bible (Jer. 46:2, 2 Chron. 35:20). Modern neighbouring cities are Karkamış in Turkey and Jarabulus in Syria (also Djerablus, Jerablus, Jarablos, Jarâblos).
The Song of the Butterflies
The Song of the Butterflies (Spanish: El canto de las mariposas) is a 2020 Peruvian documentary film written, co-produced and directed by Núria Frigola Torrent in her directorial debut. It follows Rember Yahuarcani, an indigenous plastic artist from the Witoto people, who seeks to tell the dark past that his community faced as a result of the rubber boom in Peru.

Witoto
The Witoto (also Huitoto or Uitoto) are an Indigenous people in southern Colombia and northern Peru.

One of the largest groupings within the Witoto people is the Murui Muina, also known as Muina Murui, peoples.
Alternative successions to the English and British Crown
British history provides several opportunities for alternative claimants to the English and later British Crown to arise, and historical scholars have on occasion traced to present times the heirs of those alternative claims.

Throughout this article, the names of "would-have-been" monarchs are in italics.

George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence
George Plantagenet, Duke of Clarence (21 October 1449 – 18 February 1478), was the sixth child and third surviving son of Richard Plantagenet, 3rd Duke of York, and Cecily Neville, and the brother of English kings Edward IV and Richard III. He played an important role in the dynastic struggle between rival factions of the Plantagenets now known as the Wars of the Roses.

Though a member of the House of York, he switched sides to support the House of Lancaster, before reverting to the Yorkists. He was later convicted of treason against his elder brother, Edward IV, and executed, allegedly by drowning in malmsey wine. He appears as a character in William Shakespeare's plays Henry VI, Part 3 and Richard III, in which his death is attributed to the machinations of Richard.
Ar'ara
Ar'ara (Arabic: عرعرة, Hebrew: עַרְעָרָה; lit. "Juniper tree") is an Arab town in the Wadi Ara region in northern Israel. It is located southwest of Umm al-Fahm just northwest of the Green Line, and is part of the Triangle. In 2023, the population was 20,443.

Umm al-Fahm
Umm al-Fahm (Arabic: أمّ الفحم pronunciationⓘ, Umm al-Faḥm; Hebrew: אוּם אֶל-פַחֶם Um el-Faḥem) is a city located 20 kilometres (12 miles) northwest of Jenin in the Haifa District of Israel. In 2023 its population was 59,319, nearly all of whom are Arab Palestinian citizens of Israel. The city is situated on the Umm al-Fahm mountain ridge, the highest point of which is Mount Iskander (522 metres (1,713 feet) above sea level), overlooking Wadi Ara. Umm al-Fahm is the social, cultural and economic center for residents of the Wadi Ara and Triangle regions.
Mississippi Highway 145
Mississippi Highway 145 (MS 145) is the designation for the parts of the old U.S. Route 45 (US 45) roadbed that the state continues to maintain or has designated. Those ten sections travel through Waynesboro, near Boice, through Shubuta, from De Soto to Meridian, through Shuqualak, through Macon, through Aberdeen, through Nettleton, from Shannon to Booneville, and through Corinth.

Shuqualak, Mississippi
Shuqualak (/ˈʃʊɡəlɑːk/ SHUU-gə-lock) is a town in Noxubee County, Mississippi, United States. As of the 2020 census, the population was 399.  That is down from 501 from the 2010 census. Three locations in Shuqualak, including most of the downtown area, are included on the National Register of Historic Places.