hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Noon
Noon (also known as noontime or midday) is 12 o'clock in the daytime.

Solar noon is the time when the Sun appears to contact the local celestial meridian. This is when the Sun reaches its apparent highest point in the sky, at 12 noon apparent solar time and can be observed using a sundial. The local or clock time of solar noon depends on the date, longitude, and time zone, with Daylight Saving Time tending to place solar noon closer to 1:00pm.

Daylight saving time
Daylight saving time (DST), also referred to as daylight savings time, daylight time (United States and Canada), or summer time (United Kingdom, European Union, and others), is the practice of advancing clocks to make better use of the longer daylight available during summer so that darkness falls at a later clock time. The typical implementation of DST is to adjust clocks ahead of standard time by one hour in spring or late winter, and to set clocks back by one hour in the autumn (or fall in North American English, hence the mnemonic: "spring forward and fall back").

In many countries, the part of the year when DST is observed is much longer than the part aligned to standard time. The practice of DST was first tested in the early 20th century. Many countries, such as Russia and Mexico, have abandoned DST entirely.
Malaluba Gumana
Malaluba Gumana (born 1953) is an Australian Aboriginal artist from northeast Arnhem Land, who has gained prominence through her work in painting and the production of larrakitj, the memorial poles traditionally used by Yolngu people in a mortuary ceremony.

Her work is held in collection at the National Gallery of Australia and the Art Gallery of New South Wales. She has won awards in categories for bark painting and three-dimensional work at the Telstra National Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Art Awards (NATSIAA). Her work is represented in the Kerry Stokes Larrakitj Collection, which was exhibited by the Art Gallery of Western Australia and also gained an exhibition place at the Sydney Biennale.

Kerry Stokes
Kerry Matthew Stokes (born John Patrick Alford on 13 September 1940) is an Australian businessman. He holds business interests in industries including electronic and print media, property, mining and construction equipment. He is most widely known as the chairman of the Seven Network, one of the largest broadcasting corporations in Australia.

Appointed an Officer of the Order of Australia (AO) in 1995, Stokes was appointed a Companion of the Order of Australia (AC) in 2006 in recognition of his contributions to Australian business, strategic leadership, promotion of corporate social responsibility, to the arts through philanthropy, and to the community, most especially those services supporting young people.
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 4th Essex district
Massachusetts House of Representatives' 4th Essex district is one of 160 districts included in the lower house of the Massachusetts General Court. It covers parts of the cities of Methuen and Lawrence in Essex County. Democrat Estela Reyes of Lawrence has represented the district since 2023.

Methuen, Massachusetts
Methuen (/məˈθuːən/) is a 23-square-mile (60 km2) city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 53,059 at the 2020 census. Methuen lies along the northwestern edge of Essex County, just east of Middlesex County and just south of Rockingham County, New Hampshire.  The city is bordered by Haverhill to the northeast, North Andover to the southeast, Lawrence and Andover to the south, Dracut (Middlesex County) to the west, Pelham, New Hampshire (Hillsborough County) to the northwest, and Salem, New Hampshire (Rockingham County) to the north.  Methuen is located 17 miles (27 km) southwest from Newburyport, 30 miles (48 km) north-northwest of Boston and 25 miles (40 km) south-southeast of Manchester, New Hampshire. The city is a part of the Merrimack Valley and its ZIP Code is 01844.
1930 New South Wales state election
The 1930 New South Wales state election was held on 25 October 1930. The election was conducted in single member constituencies with compulsory preferential voting. The election occurred at the height of the Great Depression and was a landslide victory for the expansionary monetary policies of Jack Lang.

As a result of the election, the Nationalist/Country Party coalition government of Thomas Bavin and Ernest Buttenshaw was defeated and the Labor party, led by Jack Lang, formed government with a parliamentary majority of 20. The Parliament first met on 25 November 1930, and had a maximum term of 3 years. However it was dissolved after only 18 months on 18 May 1932  when the Governor, Sir Philip Game dismissed the Premier Jack Lang and commissioned Bertram Stevens to form a caretaker government. Thomas Bavin was the Leader of the Opposition until 5 April 1932 when he was replaced by Bertram Stevens. Michael Bruxner replaced Buttenshaw as leader of the Country Party in early 1932.

Premier of New South Wales
The premier of New South Wales is the head of government in the state of New South Wales, Australia. The Government of New South Wales follows the Westminster Parliamentary System, with a Parliament of New South Wales acting as the legislature. The premier is appointed by the Governor of New South Wales, and by modern convention holds office by their ability to command the support of a majority of members of the lower house of Parliament, the Legislative Assembly.

Before Federation in 1901, the term "prime minister of New South Wales" was also used. "Premier" has been used more or less exclusively from 1901, to avoid confusion with the federal prime minister of Australia.

The current premier is Chris Minns, the leader of the New South Wales Labor Party, who assumed office on 28 March 2023. Minns defeated Dominic Perrottet at the election held on 25 March 2023, after twelve years of Liberal/National Coalition rule.
Vandalia, Missouri
Vandalia is a city in northeastern Audrain County and extending into southeastern Ralls County in Missouri, United States. The population was 3,553 at the 2020 census, which includes about 1,000 prisoners incarcerated at the prison located within the city limits.

The Audrain County portion of Vandalia is part of the Mexico Micropolitan Statistical Area, while the Ralls County portion is part of the Hannibal Micropolitan Statistical Area.

Mexico, Missouri
Mexico, formerly known as New Mexico, is a city in and the county seat of Audrain County, Missouri, United States. It is home to the Missouri Military Academy and annually hosts the Miss Missouri Pageant. The city's population was 11,469 at the 2020 census. The micropolitan statistical area consists of Audrain County. It is a part of the Columbia, Missouri metropolitan area.
Erast Hiatsintov
Erast Georgievich Hiatsintov (Russian: Эра́ст Гео́ргиевич Гиаци́нтов; 10 November 1858 – 7 April 1910) was a Russian politician who was the mayor of Reval (now Tallinn) in from February 1905 to December of that year, notably becoming the first person of Russian descent to become the mayor of Reval. Consequently, he was also the first person of non-Baltic German descent to become mayor, the culmination of an Estonian-Russian political alliance, created by future Estonian president Konstantin Päts and Jaan Poska that broke the power that Baltic Germans had in the political system of the city for centuries.

Jaan Poska
Jaan Poska VR III/1 (Estonian pronunciation: [ˈjɑːn ˈposkɑ]; 24 January [O.S. 12 January] 1866, Laiusevälja, near Jõgeva, Estonia – 7 March 1920, Tallinn, Estonia) was a lawyer, politician and the foreign minister of Estonia in 1918–1919.
Rüsselsheim station
Rüsselsheim station is a transit station in the town of Rüsselsheim am Main in the German state of Hesse on the Main Railway from Mainz to Frankfurt am Main. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn as a category 3 station. The station is served by the Rhine-Main S-Bahn and by regional trains. There is another station in Rüsselsheim, Rüsselsheim-Opelwerk station, which is served by S-Bahn trains only.

The station was opened in 1863. The Rüsselsheim train disaster occurred near the station on 2 February 1990, killing 17 persons and severely injuring 145.

Hanau Hauptbahnhof
Hanau Hauptbahnhof is a railway station in Hanau in the German state of Hesse, and is a major railway junction east of Frankfurt am Main. It was opened in 1867, but the current building was built in the late 1960s. It is located about 1.5 kilometres (0.93 mi) south-east of central Hanau. It is classified by Deutsche Bahn (DB) as a category 2 station and has many train services, including Intercity Express, regional and S-Bahn services.
Shirakami-Sanchi
The Shirakami Mountains (White God Mountains) (Japanese: 白神山地, Hepburn: Shirakami-Sanchi) are a UNESCO World Heritage Site wilderness area in the Tōhoku region of northern Honshū, Japan. This mountainous area includes the last virgin forest of Japanese beech which once covered most of northern Japan. The area straddles both Akita and Aomori Prefectures, with three-fourths of it in Aomori Prefecture. Of the entire 130,000-hectare (500 sq mi) area, a tract covering 16,971-hectare (65.53 sq mi) was included in the list of World Heritage Sites in 1993. Fauna found in the area includes Japanese black bear, the Japanese serow, Japanese macaque and 87 species of birds. The Shirakami-Sanchi was one of the first sites entered on the World Heritage List in Japan, along with Yakushima, Himeji Castle, and Buddhist Monuments in the Hōryū-ji Area in 1993. Permission is needed from Forest Management to enter the heart of the Shirakami-Sanchi.

Tōhoku region
The Tōhoku region (東北地方, Tōhoku-chihō; IPA: [toːhokɯ̥ tɕiꜜhoː]), Northeast region, Ōu region (奥羽地方, Ōu-chihō), or Northeast Japan (東北日本, Tōhoku Nihon) consists of the northeastern portion of Honshu, the largest island of Japan. This traditional region consists of six prefectures (ken): Akita, Aomori, Fukushima, Iwate, Miyagi, and Yamagata.

Tōhoku retains a reputation as a remote, scenic region with a harsh climate. In the 20th century, tourism became a major industry in the Tōhoku region.
Destroy All Humans. They Can't Be Regenerated.
Destroy All Humans. They Can't Be Regenerated. (Japanese: すべての人類を破壊する。それらは再生できない。, Hepburn: Subete no Jinrui o Hakai suru. Sorera wa Saisei Dekinai.) is a Japanese manga series written by Katsura Ise and illustrated by Takuma Yokota. It follows a pair of academic rivals in middle school growing closer over games of Magic: The Gathering during the late 1990s. The series was serialized in Kadokawa Shoten's Monthly Shōnen Ace magazine from November 2018 to April 2025, with cooperation from Wizards of the Coast LLC.

Monthly Shōnen Ace
Monthly Shōnen Ace (月刊少年エース, Gekkan Shōnen Ēsu) is a monthly shōnen manga magazine in Japan published by Kadokawa Shoten, started in 1994. Unlike the big shōnen weeklies with circulation figures in the millions, Ace is aimed at a less mainstream audience, and has a particular emphasis on anime tie-ins.

An online version of the magazine, titled Shōnen Ace Plus was launched in June 2019.
Joe Texidor
Joseph "Habao" Texidor, also known as Joe "Habao" Texidor (July 23, 1941—October 19, 2007), was a Puerto Rican jazz percussionist known for his work with Rahsaan Roland Kirk during the late 1960s and throughout the 1970s.

He played percussion and created a sound tree to accommodate every percussive instrument he had or made.

Rahsaan Roland Kirk
Rahsaan Roland Kirk (born Ronald Theodore Kirk; August 7, 1935 – December 5, 1977), known earlier in his career simply as Roland Kirk, was an American jazz multi-instrumentalist who played tenor saxophone, flute, and many other instruments. He was renowned for his onstage vitality; in his shows, virtuoso improvisation was accompanied by comic banter, political ranting, and the simultaneous playing of several instruments.
Polymorphic toxins
Polymorphic toxins (PTs) are multi-domain proteins primarily involved in competition between bacteria but also involved in pathogenesis when injected in eukaryotic cells.  They are found in all major bacterial clades.

Bacteria live in complex multispecies communities such as biofilms and human-associated microbiotas. The dynamics and structure of these communities are greatly influenced by interbacterial competition through the secretion of toxic effectors.  Bacteria have evolved several systems to outcompete their neighbors by poisoning them through a contact-dependent killing (including effectors of type V and VI secretion systems) or the release of soluble toxins (including colicins) in the environment.

Secretion
Secretion is the movement of material from one point to another, such as a secreted chemical substance from a cell or gland. In contrast, excretion is the removal of certain substances or waste products from a cell or organism. The classical mechanism of cell secretion is via secretory portals at the plasma membrane called porosomes. Porosomes are permanent cup-shaped lipoprotein structures embedded in the cell membrane, where secretory vesicles transiently dock and fuse to release intra-vesicular contents from the cell.

Secretion in bacterial species means the transport or translocation of effector molecules. For example, proteins, enzymes or toxins (such as cholera toxin in pathogenic bacteria e.g. Vibrio cholerae) move from across the interior (cytoplasm or cytosol) of a bacterial cell to its exterior. Secretion is a very important mechanism in bacterial functioning and operation in their natural surrounding environment for adaptation and survival.
Antonio Peña Memorial Show (2007)
The 2007 Antonio Peña Memorial Show (Homenaje a Antonio Peña in Spanish) was the first show to honor the deceased Antonio Peña, owner and creator of the Mexican Lucha Libre, or professional wrestling, company Asistencia Asesoría y Administración (AAA). The show was held approximately one year after Peña died of a heart attack. The main focus of the show was the first ever Copa Antonio Peña which was won by Charly Manson as he survived a 12-man gauntlet match eliminating Alan Stone, Konnan and Scott Hall to win the Copa. Also on the show was a Domo De La Muerte cage match (Spanish for "Dome of Death") that saw Chessman come out as the loser in the match and thus had to have his hair shaved off. The undercard featured four additional matches. The show also saw the surprise return of Nicho El Millonario and Electroshock and the surprise appearance of Scott Hall. The event has since been retrospectively renamed Héroes Inmortales I ("Immortal Heroes I").

Psicosis
Dionicio Castellanos Torres (born May 19, 1971) is a Mexican professional wrestler, better known by the ring names Psicosis (sometimes Anglicised as Psychosis) and Nicho el Millonario. He is best known for his appearances with the promotions Lucha Libre AAA World Wide, Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre and the World Wrestling Association, as well as his appearances in the United States with Extreme Championship Wrestling, Total Nonstop Action Wrestling, World Championship Wrestling, and World Wrestling Entertainment. Championships held by Psicosis include the AAA World Tag Team Championship, WWA World Junior Light Heavyweight Championship, WWA World Welterweight Championship, and WWA World Trios Championship.
Mid Blue
Mid Blue (ミッド・ブルー, Middo Burū) is the 17th studio album by Japanese entertainer Miho Nakayama. Released through King Records on September 30, 1995, it features the single "Hurt to Heart (Itami no Yukue)". Like her previous studio releases Mellow, Wagamama na Actress, and Pure White, the ballad-oriented Mid Blue was self-produced and recorded in Los Angeles.

The album peaked at No. 7 on Oricon's albums chart and sold over 145,000 copies.

Mellow (Miho Nakayama album)
Mellow (メロウ, Merou) is the 14th studio album by Japanese entertainer Miho Nakayama. Released through King Records on June 10, 1992, it features the single "Mellow". The album was co-produced by Nakayama and recorded in Los Angeles. She wrote majority of the album's songs; both under her real name and her pseudonym "Issaque" (一咲, Issaku). A limited edition release included a mini photo book featuring pictures taken during the Los Angeles recording sessions.

The album peaked at No. 3 on Oricon's albums chart. It also sold over 140,000 copies and was certified Gold by the RIAJ.
Land reform in India
Land reform refers to efforts to reform the ownership and regulation of land in India. Or, those lands which are redistributed by the government from landholders to landless people for agriculture or special purpose is known as Land Reform.

Land reform in Kerala
Land reform in Kerala refers to a series of legislative and administrative measures implemented to restructure the agrarian system and dismantle the centuries-old feudal Janmi-Kudiyan system in the Indian state of Kerala.

The reforms effectively ended the Janmi-Kudiyan (landlord-tenant) system, provided security of tenure to millions of cultivators, and granted ownership rights to hutment dwellers.
Bony (film)
Bony is a 2021 Indian Bengali-language science fiction action thriller film directed by Parambrata Chatterjee, starring Koel Mullick, Anjan Dutt, and Chatterjee. The film is a screen adaptation of the eponymous novel written by Bengali novelist Shirshendu Mukhopadhyay and is produced by Nishpal Singh under the banner of Surinder Films. The film was shot in Tuscany, Italy.

Anjan Dutt
Anjan Dutt (born 19 January 1953) is an Indian film director, actor, and singer-songwriter known for his work in the Bengali alternative music genre anyodharar gaan. As an actor, Dutta began his career in Bengali cinema in the Mrinal Sen film Chaalchitra, for which he won the best newcomer actor award at the Venice Film Festival. He acted in Aparna Sen's hit film, Mr. and Mrs. Iyer. In 2018 he featured in Swapnasandhani's new play Taraye Taraye, as Vincent van Gogh, under the direction of Kaushik Sen.

He is also a national award-winning filmmaker and is one of the most prominent directors of Bengali cinema, directing Dutta Vs Dutta, Madly Bangalee, The Bong Connection, Chalo Let's Go, and Ranjana Ami Ar Ashbona. In recent years, he has directed a Byomkesh film series.He is mainly famous for his bengali adventure movies
Ziparwa
Ziparwa, originally known as Zaparwa, was the head of the pantheon of the Palaians, inhabitants of a region of northern Anatolia known as Pala in the Bronze Age. It is often assumed that he was a weather god in origin, though he was also associated with vegetation. Information about the worship of Ziparwa comes exclusively from Hittite texts, though some of them indicate that formulas in Palaic were used during festivals dedicated to him held in Hittite cities such as Hattusa.

Hattusa
Hattusa, also Hattuşa, Ḫattuša, Hattusas, or Hattusha, was the capital of the Hittite Empire in the late Bronze Age during two distinct periods. Its ruins lie near modern Boğazkale, Turkey (originally Boğazköy) within the great loop of the Kızılırmak River (Hittite: Marashantiya; Greek: Halys).

French archeologist Charles Texier brought attention to the ruins after his visit in 1834. Over the following century, sporadic exploration occurred, involving different archaeologists. The German Oriental Society and the German Archaeological Institute began systematic excavations in the early 20th century, which continue to this day. Hattusa was added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list in 1986.
David Dean
David Dean (born February 3, 1964) is an American college football coach and former player. He is the head coach at Lanier County High School in Lakeland, Georgia, a position he has held since 2024. He was the head football coach for the University of West Georgia from 2017 to 2023. Dean served as the head football coach at Valdosta State University from 2007 to 2015, compiling a record of 79–27 in nine seasons.  His team won the NCAA Division II Football Championship in 2007 and in 2012.

Lakeland, Georgia
Lakeland is a city and the county seat of Lanier County, Georgia, United States. The city is the county seat of Lanier County. It is part of the Valdosta, Georgia metropolitan statistical area. The population was 2,875 at the 2020 census.

Originally called Alapaha and then Milltown or Mill Town, Lakeland received its current name in 1925 in honor of its proximity to Grand Bay Lake, Lake Irma, and Banks Lake. For many years, Lakeland owned and operated its own railroad.
Nuclear transfer
Nuclear transfer is a form of cloning.  The step involves removing the DNA from an oocyte (unfertilised egg), and injecting the nucleus which contains the DNA to be cloned. In rare instances, the newly constructed cell will divide normally, replicating the new DNA while remaining in a pluripotent state.  If the cloned cells are placed in the uterus of a female mammal, a cloned organism develops to term in rare instances. This is how Dolly the Sheep and many other species were cloned. Cows are commonly cloned to select those that have the best milk production. On 24 January 2018, two monkey clones were reported to have been created with the technique for the first time.

Despite this, the low efficiency of the technique has prompted some researchers, notably Ian Wilmut, creator of Dolly the cloned sheep, to abandon it.

Clone (cell biology)
A clone is a group of identical cells that share a common ancestry, meaning they are derived from the same cell.

Clonality implies the state of a cell or a substance being derived from one source or the other. Thus there are terms like polyclonal—derived from many clones; oligoclonal—derived from a few clones; and monoclonal—derived from one clone. These terms are most commonly used in context of antibodies or immunocytes.
Ricardo López Murphy
Ricardo Hipólito López Murphy (born 10 August 1951) is an Argentine economist, academic and politician. He served as Minister of Defense and Minister of Economy during the presidency of Fernando de la Rúa. His time at the helm of the economy portfolio lasted only 15 days, as he was forced to leave office after announcing an unpopular austerity plan. Since 2021, he has been a National Deputy elected in Buenos Aires for the Juntos por el Cambio coalition.

He was chairman of Liberal Network for Latin America, an association of institutions to promote liberalism. Currently, he chairs the think tank Republican Civic Foundation.

Originally a member of the centrist Radical Civic Union (UCR), López Murphy describes himself ideologically as a republican liberal. Since 2020, he has chaired his own political party, United Republicans.

Ministry of Economy (Argentina)
The Ministry of Economy (Spanish: Ministerio de Economía) of Argentina is the country's state treasury and a ministry of the national executive power that manages economic policy.

The Ministry of Economy is one of the oldest ministries in the Argentine government, having existed continuously since the formation of the first Argentine executive in 1854, in the presidency of Justo José de Urquiza – albeit under the name of Ministry of the Treasury. The current minister responsible is Luis Caputo, who has served since 2023 in the cabinet of Javier Milei.