hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Sampled data system
In systems science, a  sampled-data system is a control system in which a continuous-time plant is controlled with a digital device. Under periodic sampling, the sampled-data system is time-varying but also periodic; thus, it may be modeled by a simplified discrete-time system obtained by discretizing the plant. However, this discrete model does not capture the inter-sample behavior of the real system, which may be critical in a number of applications.

The analysis of sampled-data systems incorporating full-time information leads to challenging control problems with a rich mathematical structure. Many of these problems have only been solved recently.

Control system
A control system manages, commands, directs, or regulates the behavior of other devices or systems using control loops. It can range from a single home heating controller using a thermostat controlling a domestic boiler to large industrial control systems which are used for controlling processes or machines. The control systems are designed via control engineering process.

For continuously modulated control, a feedback controller is used to automatically control a process or operation.   The control system compares the value or status of the process variable (PV) being controlled with the desired value or setpoint (SP), and applies the difference as a control signal to bring the process variable output of the plant to the same value as the setpoint.

For sequential and combinational logic, software logic, such as in a programmable logic controller, is used.
La Digue
La Digue is the third most populated island of the Seychelles, and fourth largest by land area, lying east of Praslin and west of Felicite Island. In size, it is the fourth-largest granitic island of Seychelles after Mahé, Praslin, and Silhouette Island. It has a population of 2,800 people. Most of the inhabitants live in the west coast villages of La Passe (linked by ferry to Praslin and Mahé) and Anse Réunion. There is no airport on La Digue, so to get there from a foreign country, one must fly to Victoria and continue by ferry, usually via Praslin. It has an area of 10.08 km2, making it relatively easy to travel by bike or on foot.

La Digue was named after a ship in the fleet of French explorer Marc-Joseph Marion du Fresne, who visited Seychelles in 1768.

Silhouette Island
Silhouette Island lies 20 km (12 mi) northwest of Mahé in the Seychelles. It is the third largest granitic island in the Seychelles. It has an area of 20.1 km2 and has a population of 200, mostly workers on the island. The main settlement is La Passe, where Hilton Hotel is located. The name Silhouette was given after Étienne de Silhouette (1709-1767), the French minister of finances under Louis XV.
Synapses (film)
Synapses (Chinese: 那个我最亲爱的陌生人), also known as The Beloved Stranger, is a 2019 Taiwanese film directed and written by Chang Tso-chi, starring Lü Hsueh-feng, Oscar Chiu. The film debuted at the 2019 Golden Horse Film Festival.

Oscar Chiu
Oscar Chiu (Chinese: 邱志宇) is a Taiwanese actor best known for his roles as Tony in Story in Taipei (2017) and Kevin Zhang in The Teacher (2019). He was nominated for Best New Performer in the 56th Golden Horse Awards with the latter role.
Justin Sears
Justin Sears (born January 3, 1994) is a retired American/British basketball player for s.Oliver Würzburg of the Basketball Bundesliga. He played college basketball for the Yale Bulldogs. He was named Ivy League Player of the Year twice, in 2015 and 2016.

Würzburg Baskets
Fitness First Würzburg Baskets (formerly known as Würzburg Baskets and s.Oliver Baskets) is a German professional basketball club located in Würzburg. After one year of absence from the Basketball Bundesliga (BBL), the club returned to the first division of German basketball in the 2015–16 season.

It was founded in 2007, with the aim to substitute the original club of the city, who was known as DJK Würzburg, which stood for "Deutsche Jugendkraft" (German youth power), and was affiliated to the DJK-Sportverband (Sport Association), which is affiliated with the Roman Catholic Church in Germany. The club has gained fame through its basketball department, in which NBA players Dirk Nowitzki and Maxi Kleber got their starts.
Autobianchi A112
The Autobianchi A112 is a supermini produced by the Italian automaker Autobianchi. It was developed using a shrunken version of the contemporary Fiat 128's platform. The mechanicals of the A112 subsequently underpinned the Fiat 127. It was introduced in November 1969, as a replacement for the Bianchina and Primula, and was built until 1986, when it made way for the more modern Autobianchi Y10 (branded in most export markets as the Lancia Y10). Over 1.2 million A112s were produced in Autobianchi's Milan factory.

Fiat 128
The Fiat 128 is a small family car which was manufactured and marketed by Fiat from 1969 to 1985. The bodystyles were a two- or four-door sedan, three- or five-door station wagon as well as two- or three-door coupé.

With engineering by Dante Giacosa and engine design by Aurelio Lampredi, the 128 was noted for its relatively roomy passenger and cargo volume — enabled by a breakthrough innovation to the transversely-mounted front-engine, front-drive layout which became the layout "adopted by virtually every other manufacturer in the world" for front-wheel drive. Fiat promoted in its advertising that mechanical features consumed only 20% of the vehicle's volume. The 128 running gear and engine, reconfigured for a rear mid-engine, rear-wheel-drive layout, were used in the Fiat X1/9 sports car.

Named European Car of the Year in 1970, over three million were ultimately manufactured.

In 2012 automotive journalist Jamie Kitman called the 128 a "pioneer of the small cars we drive today."
2005 Leeward Islands Junior Championships in Athletics
The 2005 Leeward Islands Junior Championships in Athletics took place on May 28–29, 2005.  The event was held at the Yasco Sports Complex in St. John's, Antigua and Barbuda.  A detailed report was published.

A total of 44 events were contested, 25 by boys and 19 by girls.

Leeward Islands Championships in Athletics
The Leeward Islands Championships in Athletics is an athletics event organized by the Leeward Islands Athletics Association (LIAA) open for (but not restricted to) athletes from its member associations.
Chords Bridge
The Chords Bridge (Hebrew: גשר המיתרים, Gesher HaMeitarim), also called the Bridge of Strings or Jerusalem Light Rail Bridge, is a side-spar cable-stayed bridge in Jerusalem.  The structure was designed by the Spanish architect and engineer Santiago Calatrava and is used by Jerusalem Light Rail's Red Line, which began service on August 19, 2011. Incorporated in the bridge is a glass-sided pedestrian bridge enabling pedestrians to cross from Kiryat Moshe to the Jerusalem Central Bus Station. The bridge, which cost about $70 million (NIS 246 million), was inaugurated on June 25, 2008.

Jerusalem central bus station
The Jerusalem Central Bus Station (Hebrew: התחנה המרכזית של ירושלים, HaTahanah HaMerkazit Shel Yerushalayim, Arabic: محطة الحافلات المركزية) is the main bus depot in Jerusalem. Located on Jaffa Road near the entrance to the city, it serves Egged, Superbus and Dan intercity bus routes. City buses and light rail trains pick up and discharge passengers across the street on Jaffa Road and on Zalman Shazar Boulevard, which can be accessed via an underground pedestrian passageway. The entrance to Israel Railways' underground Navon Railway Station is located across the light rail stop in front of the station.
Shikina Seimei
Shikina Ueekata Seimei (識名 親方 盛命; 29 January 1652 – 18 November 1715), also known by his Chinese style name Mō Kiryū (毛 起龍), was a bureaucrat, politician and scholar of Japanese literature of the Ryukyu Kingdom.

Shikina was born to an aristocrat family called Mō-uji Inoha Dunchi (毛氏伊野波殿内). He was the third son of Inoha Seiki, and also a younger brother of Inoha Seihei (also known as Mōi Ueekata). Both Seiki and Seihei had been served as Sanshikan, and Shikina Seimei himself served as a member of Sanshikan from 1702 to 1712. In his term, he was assigned to take charge of collecting Omoro Sōshi (1710), and compiling Konkōkenshū (混効験集) (1711), the first dictionary of the Okinawan language in history.

Shikina was also the writer of Omoidegusa (思出草), a poetic diary written in Japanese.

Inoha Seiki
Inoha Ueekata Seiki (伊野波 親方 盛紀; 15 February 1619 – 2 August 1688), also known by his Chinese style name Mō Taiei (毛 泰永), was a bureaucrat of Ryukyu Kingdom.

Inoha Seiki was the second son of Tomigusuku Seiryō. He served as a member of Sanshikan from 1665 to 1688.

Motobu magiri was established in 1666, and was given to him as a hereditary fief. He was also the first head of an aristocrat family called Mō-uji Inoha Dunchi (毛氏伊野波殿内).
Khakha–Bomba Rebellion (1843–1844)
The Khakha-Bomba Rebellion (1843–1844) was a major uprising against Sikh rule that began in Hazara and spread toward Muzaffarabad on the Kashmir frontier, before entering the north-western Kashmir Valley (Baramulla and Sopore). The rising occurred amid violent factional politics at Lahore after a succession of assassinations and was described in several accounts as taking on the character of a religious war against Sikh authority.

Muzaffarabad
Muzaffarabad is a city in Pakistani-administered Azad Kashmir in the disputed Kashmir region. It is the largest city and the capital of Azad Kashmir, which is a Pakistani-administered administrative territory.

The city is located in Muzaffarabad District, near the confluence of the Jhelum and Neelum rivers. The district is bounded by the Pakistani province of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa in the west, the Kupwara and Baramulla districts of Indian-administered Jammu and Kashmir in the east, and the Neelum District in the north.
1. FFV Erfurt
1. FFV Erfurt is a semi-professional women's soccer team from Erfurt, Germany. Founded in June 1997, 1. FFV Erfurt plays in the Fußball-Regionalliga (women) (Regional League) Northeast. The team colors are red and blue.

Frauen-Regionalliga
The Frauen-Regionalliga is the third tier of German women's association football. The Frauen-Regionalliga is made up of five separate leagues. Until 2017, the champion of each league was promoted to the 2. Frauen-Bundesliga for the next season, so were the winners of two promotion groups in 2018. From 2021 to 2024, the Regionalliga Süd champion and two winners of promotion play-offs have qualified for next season's 2. Bundesliga. All five league champions will earn promotion in 2025, with the play-offs expected to return in 2026.
Phyllis Erickson
Phyllis K. Erickson (1923 – November 27, 2013) was an American politician in the state of Washington. A Democrat, she served in the Washington House of Representatives for the 2nd district between 1973 and 1981.

Washington House of Representatives
The Washington House of Representatives is the lower house of the Washington State Legislature, and along with the Washington State Senate makes up the legislature of the U.S. state of Washington. It is composed of 98 Representatives from 49 districts, each of which elects one Senator and two members of the House. They are elected to separate positions with the top-two primary system. All members of the House are elected to a two-year term without term limits. The House meets at the State Capitol in Olympia.
Nova+
Nova+ was a Bulgarian reality TV channel.
The channel launched with the start of the first season of Big Brother (Bulgaria) in 2004, which was also the first reality show in Bulgaria. During Big Brother 1 the name of the channel was simply Big Brother Live, but its name was changed into Nova+ after the start of the first season of Star Academy Bulgaria on 11 April 2005. The channel aired only during the Big Brother seasons from season 1 to 4.

On 12 May 2008 Nova+ began airing full reality TV programme with popular reality formats. The channel was closed down on 31 December 2008, when Modern Times Group bought the Nova television and Diema groups from ANT1 Group and Balkan Media Group Limited.

Diema
DIEMA (Bulgarian: Диема) is a Bulgarian television channel, part of Nova Broadcasting Group, owned by United Group. The channel airs mainly films and action series. Along with Nova Sport and Diema Sport airs sports, including matches from the English FA Premier League,  the FA Cup and the UEFA European Football Championship qualifications, as well as the England national football team home matches.
The Novocaines
The Novocaines were a rock band based in Perth, Western Australia. Briefly named The Howlin' Novocaines in 2007. They released their first two studio EPs, Ragdoll (2009) and Courtesy Eventually (2010), which were played by Australian radio station Triple J. They released their debut LP, Idle Time, in 2011.

The Novocaines opened for artists including Them Crooked Vultures, Spinnerette, Shonen Knife, and toured with Australian acts including You Am I, Grinspoon, Jebediah, British India, Philadelphia Grand Jury, The Vasco Era, Kram and Calling All Cars. The band played at the Big Day Out, Southbound, and South By South West festivals.

Philadelphia Grand Jury
Philadelphia Grand Jury (The Philly Jays) were an Australian band from Sydney. The band revolved around the partnership of Joel Beeson (bass, keyboards, guitar, backing vocals) and Simon Berckelman (lead vocals, guitar), who used the stage names MC Bad Genius and Berkfinger respectively. The band performed with several drummers, the most recent of which was Dave Jenkins, Jr. The band self-described as playing music that blends "indie, punk and soul."
Seeds (Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D.)
"Seeds" is the twelfth episode of the first season of the American television series Agents of S.H.I.E.L.D. Based on the Marvel Comics organization S.H.I.E.L.D., it follows Phil Coulson and his team of S.H.I.E.L.D. agents as they investigate attempted murder at the S.H.I.E.L.D. Science Academy. It is set in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) and acknowledges the franchise's films. The episode was written by Monica Owusu-Breen and Jed Whedon, and directed by Kenneth Fink.

Clark Gregg reprises his role as Coulson from the film series, and is joined by series regulars Ming-Na Wen, Brett Dalton, Chloe Bennet, Iain De Caestecker, and Elizabeth Henstridge.

"Seeds" originally aired on ABC on January 14, 2014, and according to Nielsen Media Research, was watched by 6.37 million viewers.

Kenneth Fink
Kenneth Fink is an American television director and television producer of several television series. Prior to directing, Fink was a television documentary-segment producer. He has directed many episodes of several series including: Cracker, The Expanse, Dawson's Creek, Oz, Nash Bridges, CSI: Crime Scene Investigation, Millennium, Fringe, Revenge, Nikita, Arrow, Quantico, Charmed and CSI: Vegas.
USS Newell
USS Newell (DE 322) was an Edsall-class destroyer escort built for the U.S. Navy during World War II. She served in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and provided destroyer escort protection against submarine and air attack for Navy vessels and convoys. Post war, she served in various capacities before being finally decommissioned.

USS Lowe
USS Lowe (DE-325) was an Edsall-class destroyer escort in service with the United States Navy from 1943 to 1946 and from 1955 to 1968. Between 1951 and 1954 she was loaned to the U.S. Coast Guard as USCGC Lowe (WDE-425). She was scrapped in 1969.
Zhang Wendan
Zhang Wendan (Chinese: 张文旦; born 1958) is a retired vice admiral of the Chinese People's Liberation Army Navy. He served as Chief of Staff of the PLA Navy from January 2018 to December 2019, and previously served as Chief of Staff and Deputy Commander of the South Sea Fleet, Deputy Chief of Staff of the Southern Theater Command, and Commander of the North Sea Fleet (2017–2018). He commanded the PLA Navy's fifth Gulf of Aden anti-piracy task force in 2010.

Southern Theater Command
The Southern Theater Command (Chinese: 南部战区; pinyin: Nánbù zhànqū) is one of the five theater commands of the People's Liberation Army. Founded on 1 February 2016, its predecessor was the Guangzhou Military Region. Its jurisdiction includes Guangdong, Guangxi, Hunan, Yunnan, Hainan and the South Sea Fleet, as well as the Special Administrative Regions of Hong Kong and Macau.
Zenebework
Woizero Zenebework was the wife of Wossen Seged, Merid Azmach of Shewa; the mother of Negus Sahle Selassie, the first Negus of Shewa; the grandmother of Negus Haile Melekot of Shewa; and the great-grandmother of Emperor Menelik II. Woizero Zenebework held the powerful districts of Menz and Tegulet as her personal fiefs.

Zenebework was the most powerful woman in Shewa during the reigns of her husband, son and grandson. Despite the efforts of Sahle Selassie to resolve the ongoing theological disputes that affected the Ethiopian Church in Shewa, she intervened on behalf of the Sost Lidat, which led to an edict on 24 November 1841 which purged all of the clergy who did not embrace that view on the nature of Christ.  She joined her daughter-in-law Bezabish in betraying her grandson Haile Melekot by submitting to Emperor Tewodros II of Ethiopia when he invaded Shewa in 1855 to forcefully re-incorporate it into the Empire.

Wossen Seged
Wossen Seged (ruled c. 1808 – June 1813) was a Merid Azmach of Shewa, an Amhara noble of Ethiopia. He was the elder son of Asfa Wossen, by a woman of the Solomonic dynasty. He was the first ruler of Shewa to claim a higher title than Merid Azmach, calling himself Ras.
Hampi Express
The 16591 / 16592 Hampi Express is a daily Express running between the Mysuru and Hubballi Junction, the headquarters of the South Western Railway in India. It is a train of the South Western Railway having primary maintenance at Hubballi.

South Western Railway zone
The South Western Railway (abbreviated SWR) is one of the 19 railway zones of Indian Railways, headquartered at Hubballi in the Indian state of Karnataka. SWR was created from carving out the routes from Southern Railways, South Central Railways and Central Railways in 2003.
Trace (Son Volt album)
Trace is the debut studio album by American rock band Son Volt, released on September 19, 1995, through Warner Bros. Records. The band was formed the previous year by Jay Farrar after the breakup of the influential alt-country band Uncle Tupelo. Prior to its release, there was debate about whether Son Volt or Wilco, Uncle Tupelo's other offshoot, would produce a better album.

Trace was a critical and commercial success, and peaked at number 166 on the Billboard 200 chart and number 7 on the Billboard Heatseekers Albums chart. The album's second single, "Drown", was a radio hit, and charted at  number 10 on the Billboard Mainstream Rock Tracks chart and number 25 on the Billboard Modern Rock Tracks chart (and was their only single to make either chart). By 2009, Trace had sold 297,000 copies in the United States, and outsold Wilco's A.M., released six months before, two-to-one.

Jay Farrar
Jay Stuart Farrar (born December 26, 1966) is an American songwriter and musician based in St. Louis. A member of two critically acclaimed music groups, Uncle Tupelo and Son Volt, he began his solo music career in 2001. Beyond being a songwriter, Farrar plays guitar, piano, harmonica, and sings.
Dennis Hof
Dennis Allan Hof (October 14, 1946 – October 16, 2018) was an American businessman and politician. He owned seven legal brothels in Nevada, most notably the Moonlite Bunny Ranch. Hof was also a Republican candidate in 2018 for the Nevada Assembly, to which he was posthumously elected less than one month after his death.

Nevada State Assembly
39°09′42″N 119°45′58″W﻿ / ﻿39.161643°N 119.766139°W﻿ / 39.161643; -119.766139
The Nevada State Assembly is the lower house of the Nevada Legislature, the state legislature of the U.S. state of Nevada, the upper house being the Nevada State Senate. The body consists of 42 members, elected to two-year terms from single-member districts. Each district contained approximately 64,299 people as of the 2010 United States census. Term limits, limiting assembly members to six 2-year terms (12 years), took effect in 2010.

The Nevada Assembly met at the Nevada State Capitol in Carson City until 1971, when a separate Legislative Building was constructed south of the Capitol.  The Legislative Building was expanded in 1997 to its current appearance to accommodate the growing Nevada Legislature. Since the 2012 session, Assembly districts have been formed by dividing the 21 Senate districts in half, so that each Assembly district is nested within a Senate district.
Keith E. Haynes
Keith E. Haynes (born February 15, 1963) is a former American politician and lawyer.  Haynes was first elected to the Maryland House of Delegates in 2002 and re-elected in 2006. He represents the 44th Legislative District (Baltimore) in the Maryland House of Delegates.   As a lawyer, Haynes was a Senior Attorney with the Law of Offices of Peter G. Angelos, P.C. and practiced in Maryland and  the District of Columbia in the practice areas of Products Liability, Asbestos Litigation, Toxic Torts and General Civil Litigation. In June 2021, Haynes announced that he was retiring from the Maryland General Assembly.

Peter Angelos
Peter George Angelos (born George Angelos; July 4, 1929 – March 23, 2024) was an American trial lawyer and baseball executive from Baltimore, Maryland. Angelos was the majority owner of the Baltimore Orioles, a team in the American League of Major League Baseball, from 1993 until his death in 2024.
Sholinghur
Sholinghapuram, shortened to Sholinghur (in Tamil: சோளிங்கப்புரம் or சோளிங்கர்) is a municipality under Sholinghur taluk in Ranipet District, Vellore region of Tamil Nadu, India. The town is  famous in Tamil Nadu and other neighboring states for the Lakshmi Narasimha Swamy temple.

Sholinghur is located between Tiruttani (Tamil Nadu) and Chittoor (Andhra Pradesh). This town connects major towns and cities like Chennai, Vellore, Arakkonam, Ranipet (Tamil Nadu), and Bengaluru (Karnataka).
This municipality has 27 wards. In local body elections 2022,DMK won majority by winning 19 wards.

Chittoor
Chittoor is a city and district headquarters in Chittoor district of the Indian state of Andhra Pradesh. It is also the mandal and divisional headquarters of Chittoor mandal and Chittoor revenue division respectively. The city has a population of 189,332.
Yancun, Beijing
Yancun Town (Chinese: 阎村镇; pinyin: Yáncūn Zhèn) is a town situated in the eastern part of Fangshan District, Beijing, China. It borders Xinzhen Subdistrict and Qinglonghu Town in its north, Xilu, Gongchen Subdistricts and Liangxiang Town in its east, Doudian Town in the south, Chengguan Subdistrict in the west, and contains Xingcheng Subdistrict as well as an exclave of Xinzhen Subdistrict within. It is home to 77,621 residents as of 2020.

The name came to be during the reign of Yongle Emperor of Ming dynasty. At the time eight families with the surname Yan moved here from Zhuozhou, and thus the settlement was known as Yancun (Chinese: 阎村; lit. 'Yan Village').

Liangxiang, Beijing
Liangxiang Town (Chinese: 良乡镇; pinyin: Liángxiāng Zhèn) is a town in Fangshan District, located 25 km southwest of the city center. It borders Gongchen Subdistrict to its north, Changyang Town to its east, Doudian Town to its south, and Yancun Town to its west. It had 24,317 registered inhabitants as of 2020.