hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Buhl Woman
The Buhl Woman was an Paleoindian Indigenous American woman whose remains were found in a quarry near Buhl, Idaho, United States, in January 1989. She is thought to have been deliberately buried. Radiocarbon dating has placed the age of the skeleton at 12,740–12,420 calibrated years before present, making her remains some of the oldest in the Americas, though the quality of the dating has been questioned.

Before Present
Before Present (BP) or "years before present (YBP)" is a time scale used mainly in archaeology, geology, and other scientific disciplines to specify when events occurred relative to the origin of practical radiocarbon dating in the 1950s. Because the "present" time changes, standard practice is to use 1 January 1950 as the commencement date (epoch) of the age scale, with 1950 being labelled as the "standard year". The abbreviation "BP" has been interpreted retrospectively as "Before Physics", which refers to the time before nuclear weapons testing artificially altered the proportion of the carbon isotopes in the atmosphere, which scientists must account for when using radiocarbon dating for dates of origin that may fall after this year.

In a convention that is not always observed, many sources restrict the use of BP dates to those produced with radiocarbon dating; the alternative notation "RCYBP" stands for the explicit "radio carbon years before present".
Rao Shoukun
Rao Shoukun (Chinese: 饶守坤; 30 September 1915 – 14 September 2006) was a founding lieutenant general (zhongjiang) of the People's Liberation Army (PLA). He was a representative of the 11th and 12th National Congress of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 5th and 6th National People's Congress.

Jiang (rank)
Jiang (formerly romanized chiang and usually translated general or, for navies, admiral) is a general officer (or flag officer for navies) rank used by China and Taiwan. It is also used as jang in North and South Korea, shō in Japan, and tướng in Vietnam.
Louise Lawrence Foster
Louise Lawrence "Larry Lou" Foster (1944 – 2020) was an American paper marbler, book artist, book binder, and educator. She was born on January 16, 1944, in Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Foster attended Auburn University, George Washington University, and University of Alabama.

Foster conducted workshops on paper marbling and paste paper at many locations, including Asheville BookWork and the Center for Book Arts. She taught bookbinding as an adjunct professor at Pensacola Junior College and then at its successor, Pensacola State College.

Foster died on February 29, 2020, in Tuscaloosa.

Her work was included in the 2023 exhibition Pattern and Flow: A Golden Age of American Decorated Papers, 1960s-2000s at the Grolier Club and in the Paper Legacy Project at the Thomas J. Watson Library at the Metropolitan Museum of Art.

Pensacola State College
Pensacola State College (PSC) is a public college in Pensacola, Florida. It is part of the Florida College System. Originally established as Pensacola Junior College in 1948, the college underwent a name change in July 2010 to reflect its expanded academic offerings to include both associate and bachelor degrees.
2009 Hialeah mayoral election
The 2009 Hialeah mayoral election took place on November 15, 2009. Incumbent Mayor Julio Robaina ran for re-election to a second term. Unlike the 2005 election, Robaina faced only one little-known challenger, physician Santiago Cardenas. Robaina significantly outraised and outspent Cardenas, and won the endorsement of the Miami Herald, which praised him for "set[ting] a steady course that has kept Hialeah's budget in the black." Robaina ultimately won re-election in a landslide, winning 93 percent of the vote to Cardenas's 7 percent.

Robaina did not ultimately end up serving a full term. He resigned to unsuccessfully run for Mayor of Miami-Dade County in 2011, triggering a special election.

Julio Robaina
Julio Robaina (born April 21, 1965) is an American  politician who served as the mayor of Hialeah, Florida. He was first elected in 2005 and was re-elected for a second term in 2009.Robaina also served as Hialeah's city manager, with a total annual compensation for both positions, including expenses and travel, for $261,010.

On April 12, 2011, Robaina announced his intention to resign as Mayor of Hialeah in order to campaign for the office of Mayor of Miami-Dade County. His resignation took effect on May 23, 2011.

On June 28, 2011, Robaina lost the election for Mayor of Miami-Dade County to Carlos A. Giménez.
Alexandra Hui
Alexandra (Alix) Evonne Hui (born 1980) is an American historian of science specializing in the history and psychophysics of sound, and especially of sound studies in 19th- and 20th-century Germany. She is an associate professor of history at Mississippi State University, and was co-editor-in-chief of Isis from 2019 to 2024.

Isis (journal)
Isis is a quarterly peer-reviewed academic journal published by the University of Chicago Press for the  History of Science Society. It covers the history of science, history of medicine, and the history of technology, as well as their cultural influences. It contains original research articles and extensive book reviews and review essays. Furthermore, sections devoted to one particular topic are published in each issue in open access. These sections consist of the Focus section, the Viewpoint section and the Second Look section.
Connie Mak Kit-man
Connie Mak Kit-man (born 19 December 1954 in HK; Chinese: 麥潔文; Jyutping: Mak6 Kit3 Man6), also called Connie Mak and Kitman Mak, is a Hong Kong singer and actress. Her ancestral hometown is Qingyuan, Guangdong.

In 1977, she was the contestant of the Miss Hong Kong Pageant but did not win the title. She made albums for primarily Crown Records (娛樂唱片) and Cinepoly Records. Some of her songs are heard in Cantonese-language series and films. In 1983, Mak recorded "Rhine River Romance" (萊茵河之戀), lyricised by Cheng Kwok-kong (鄭國江) and composed by Joseph Koo. Hong Kong University professor, Stephen Chu (朱耀偉), called the song a fairy tale feeling. In 1989, she sang "Years of Silence" (歲月無聲), written by Gene Lau and composed by Beyond band member Wong Ka Kui, before the rock band Beyond re-recorded it in a rockier style.

She is married to actor Kwong Wa since 19 December 1992, with a son and a daughter.

On 16 October 2019, she held a concert called 《BACK月黑風高旺角夜麥潔文MUSIC 2019》.

Cinepoly Records
Cinepoly Records (新藝寶) is a Hong Kong–based record label founded in 1985. It was a subsidiary of PolyGram Records and the film company Cinema City. Ownership of Cinepoly Records  switched to Universal Music Group after Universal acquired PolyGram Records in 1998 and albums are distributed by Universal Music Hong Kong starting from 2017.

Many of Hong Kong's popstars and brands were on this label including:

Joe Lee (1986–1987)

Leslie Cheung (1987–1990)

Beyond (1988–1991)

Tai Chi (1985–1986,1999–2001)

Louis Lau (1990–1991)

Brian Cheng (1991–1993)

Pat Lew (1991–1994)

William So (1993–2003)

John Wu (1993–1994)

Faye Wong (1989–1997)

Softhard (1991–1996)

Priscilla Chan (1998–2001)

Julian Cheung (2000–2004)

Miriam Yeung (2001–2003)

Eason Chan (2004–2017)

Kay Tse (2007–2012)

Mr. (2008–2016)

Prudence Liew  (2008–2017)

Swing (2009–2012)

Kary Ng (2011–2017)

Pong Nan (2014–2017)
Badlands
Badlands are a type of dry terrain where softer sedimentary rocks and clay-rich soils have been extensively eroded. They are characterized by steep slopes, minimal vegetation, lack of a substantial regolith, and high drainage density. Ravines, gullies, buttes, hoodoos and other such geologic forms are common in badlands.

Badlands are found on every continent except Antarctica, being most common where there are unconsolidated sediments. They are often difficult to navigate by foot, and are unsuitable for agriculture. Most are a result of natural processes, but destruction of vegetation by overgrazing or pollution can produce anthropogenic badlands.

Overgrazing
Overgrazing occurs when plants are exposed to intensive grazing for extended periods of time, or without sufficient recovery periods. It can be caused by either livestock in poorly managed agricultural applications, game reserves, or nature reserves. It can also be caused by immobile, travel restricted populations of native or non-native wild animals.

Overgrazing reduces the usefulness, productivity and biodiversity of the land and is one cause of desertification and erosion. Overgrazing is also seen as a cause of the spread of invasive species of non-native plants and of weeds. Degrading land, emissions from animal agriculture and reducing the biomass in a ecosystem contribute directly to climate change between grazing events.
Lau Kwok-fan
Edward Lau Kwok-fan, MH, JP (Chinese: 劉國勳; born 28 June 1981) is a Hong Kong politician. He is the member of the executive committee of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment and Progress of Hong Kong (DAB) and former member of the North District Council, representing Yan Shing until 2019. In the 2016 Hong Kong Legislative Council election, he succeeded DAB veteran legislator Ip Kwok-him in the District Council (First) functional constituency to the Legislative Council of Hong Kong.

Yan Shing (constituency)
Yan Shing (Chinese: 欣盛) is one of the 18 constituencies in the North District, Hong Kong. The constituency returns one district councillor to the North District Council, with an election every four years.

Yan Shing constituency is loosely based on Yan Shing Court in Fanling with estimated population of 19,314.
Abdurrahim Boynukalın
Abdurrahim Boynukalın (born 15 September 1987) is a Turkish politician and journalist, Justice and Development Party United Kingdom Representative. Between 12 October 2014 and 20 December 2015, he served as the Head of the Youth Branch of the Justice and Development Party. He was also a Member of Parliament for Istanbul's 3rd electoral district between 7 June and 1 November 2015, having been elected at the June 2015 general election. Between 18 December 2015 and 26 April 2018, he attended as the Deputy Minister of Youth and Sports.

Istanbul (3rd electoral district)
Istanbul's third electoral district is one of three divisions of the Istanbul electoral district for the purpose of elections to Grand National Assembly of Turkey.  It elects thirty-five members of parliament (deputies) to represent the district for a five-year term by the D'Hondt method, a party-list proportional representation system.

The district partially covers the European side of the Province of Istanbul, on the west of the Bosphorus. The second electoral district is situated to the east while the first electoral district occupies the Anatolian side of Istanbul on the east side of the Bosphorus.
Huang Zu
Huang Zu (Chinese: 黃祖; pinyin: Huáng Zǔ, pronunciationⓘ) (died between February and April 208) was a Chinese military general and politician during the late Eastern Han dynasty. He served as the Administrator of Jiangxia Commandery (江夏郡; around present-day Xinzhou District, Wuhan, Hubei) under Liu Biao, the Governor of Jing Province (covering present-day Hubei and Hunan). He is best known for killing the warlord Sun Jian in an ambush during the Battle of Xiangyang (191) and resisting an invasion by the warlord Sun Quan (Sun Jian's son) at the Battle of Xiakou (203). He was defeated and killed at the Battle of Jiangxia in 208 against Sun Quan's forces.

Jingzhou (ancient China)
Jingzhou or Jing Province was one of the Nine Provinces of ancient China referenced in early Chinese texts such as the Tribute of Yu, Erya, and Rites of Zhou.

Jingzhou became an administrative division during the reign of Emperor Wu (r. 141–87 BCE) in the Western Han dynasty (206 BCE–9 CE). It usually corresponded with the modern-day provinces of Hubei and Hunan until the Sui dynasty, after which it referred to the city of Jingzhou.
Barrington Tower
Barrington Tower is a part of the Scotia Square Complex in Downtown Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada. The tower stands at 84 metres (275 feet) and has 20 floors. It is owned and operated by Crombie REIT.

The building is connected to the Downtown Halifax Link system.

Crombie REIT
Crombie REIT (formerly Atlantic Shopping Centres, then Crombie Properties) is a Canadian unincorporated open ended publicly traded real estate investment trust which trades on the Toronto Stock Exchange and has an estimated market capitalization of $1.6 billion. The company is based in New Glasgow, Nova Scotia.
1918 Flinders by-election
A by-election was held for the Australian House of Representatives seat of Flinders on 11 May 1918. This was triggered by the resignation of Nationalist MP Sir William Irvine to become Chief Justice of the Supreme Court of Victoria.

The Victorian Farmers' Union withdrew their candidate after extracting a promise from the Nationalist government to introduce preferential voting, although his name remained on the ballot paper. The by-election was won by Nationalist candidate and future Prime Minister Stanley Bruce.

Nationalist Party (Australia)
The Nationalist Party, also known as the National Party, was an Australian political party. It was formed in February 1917 from a merger between the Liberal Party and the National Labor Party, the latter formed by Prime Minister Billy Hughes and his supporters after the 1916 Labor Party split over World War I conscription. The Nationalist Party was established as a 'united' non-Labor opposition that had remained a political trend once the Labor party established itself in federal politics. The party  was in government (from 1923 in coalition with the Country Party) until electoral defeat in 1929. From that time it was the main opposition to the Labor Party until it merged with pro-Joseph Lyons Labor defectors to form the United Australia Party (UAP) in 1931. The party is a direct ancestor of the Liberal Party of Australia, the main centre-right party in Australia.
Hwang Seung-eon
Hwang Seung-eon (Korean: 황승언; born October 31, 1988) is a South Korean actress, model and singer. She was a member of the co-ed project group Temporary Idols under YG Entertainment. She has appeared in numerous films, television series, variety shows, and music videos. She is best known for her roles in Let's Eat 2 (2015), Madame Antoine: The Love Therapist (2016),  Love for a Thousand More (2016),  Time (2018), XX (2020), When I Was the Most Beautiful (2020) and Alice (2020).

YG Entertainment
YG Entertainment (Korean: YG 엔터테인먼트) is a South Korean multinational entertainment agency established in 1996 by Yang Hyun-suk. The company operates as a record label, talent agency, music production company, event management and concert production company, and music publishing house. In addition, the company operates a number of subsidiary ventures under a separate public traded company, YG Plus, which includes a clothing line, a golf management agency, and a cosmetics brand. However, despite various business expansions, most of the ventures were discontinued due to a lack of profitability.

Current artists include Eun Ji-won, Winner, Blackpink, Treasure, and Babymonster.

Former artists include Swi.T, Moogadang, Wheesung, 1TYM, Big Mama, Gummy, Seven, Nam Tae-hyun, 2NE1, Psy, Epik High, One, Lee Hi, Jinusean, Bang Yedam, Mashiho, iKon, Jisoo, Jennie, Rosé, Lisa, BigBang, Sechs Kies, and AKMU.
Korowa Anglican Girls' School
Korowa Anglican Girls' School is a private, Anglican, day school, located in Glen Iris, Melbourne, Australia.

Established in Malvern in 1890, Korowa is a non-selective school and currently caters for approximately 800 students, offering a co-educational Early Learning Centre (three- and four-year-olds) and girls-only from Prep to Year 12. The school prepares students for the Victorian Certificate of Education (VCE).

The school is a member of the Association of Heads of Independent Schools of Australia (AHISA), the Independent Primary School Heads of Australia (IPHSA), the Association of Independent Schools of Victoria (AISV), the Alliance of Girls' Schools Australasia (AGSA), and a founding member of Girls Sport Victoria (GSV).

Malvern, Victoria
Malvern (/ˈmɒlvərn/ ) is an inner suburb of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, eight kilometres south-east of the Melbourne central business district, located within the City of Stonnington local government area. Malvern recorded a population of 9,929 at the 2021 census.
Arthur Dickinson (footballer)
Arthur William Dickinson (7 October 1907 – 1976) was an English footballer who played as a right back in the Football League for Darlington. He was on the books of Brighton & Hove Albion without representing them in the league, and played non-league football for Ferryhill Athletic and Folkestone.

Folkestone F.C.
Folkestone Football Club was the name of two English football clubs based in the town of Folkestone, Kent. It is unclear if the two clubs were connected, but neither has any formal connection to Folkestone Invicta, founded in 1936, which took over the Cheriton Road stadium after the demise of Folkestone F.C. in 1990. Folkestone Invicta F.C. has since become the spiritual successor of the club, inheriting its history and Folkestone F.C.'s previous honours.
John Sampson (North Carolina politician)
John Sampson (1719–1784) was a politician in North Carolina during and after the American Colonial era. After immigrating to the colony from northern Ireland, he settled near Wilmington. He was appointed to local offices, raised a militia to defend against the Spanish Alarm, and served as a Revolutionary War Patriot militia officer. He was an early settler in Duplin County, North Carolina. He served as mayor of Wilmington, North Carolina starting in 1760.

Sampson County, North Carolina is named in honor of him.

Spanish Alarm
The Spanish Alarm was a period from 1739 to 1748 in North America during the War of Jenkins' Ear between Britain and Spain. During this period, the Spanish Crown directed colonial forces to attack port towns in the British colonies of North Carolina, South Carolina and Georgia. Due to an inability to garrison these colonies with an adequate military presence, the British Crown encouraged them to raise militia to defend themselves against Spanish attacks.
Toby Greene
Toby Greene (born 25 September 1993) is a professional Australian rules footballer and the captain of the Greater Western Sydney Giants in the Australian Football League (AFL). He was recruited by the Greater Western Sydney Giants with the 11th overall selection in the 2011 national draft.

In 2016, he was selected in the All-Australian team as the half-forward flank; in the same year, he won the Kevin Sheedy Medal as the club's best and fairest.

Greene was named co-captain of the Giants ahead of the 2022 AFL season, before assuming solo captaincy in 2023.

2011 AFL draft
The 2011 AFL draft consisted of five opportunities for player acquisitions during the 2011/12 Australian Football League off-season.

These were:

2011 trade week; which was held between 10 October and 17 October

A mini-draft of 17-year-old players, as part of the recruitment concessions given to the newly established Greater Western Sydney Giants, which was held on 13 October

The 2011 national draft; which was held on 24 November in Sydney.

The 2012 pre-season draft, held on 13 December 2011 and

The 2012 rookie draft, also on 13 December 2011.

It was the first national draft to feature the Greater Western Sydney Giants, who joined the league in 2012. It was the final draft period before the introduction of free agency in the 2012/13 offseason.
Anatopia
Anatopia was a land squat near to Papenburg, in the north west of Germany from 1991 until 1995. An anatopism is something that is out of its proper place. Similar protest occupations included Runway 18 West and the Free Republic of Wendland.

Runway 18 West
Runway 18 West (German Startbahn 18 West) is a 4000-meter-long runway that runs from north to south on the western edge of Frankfurt Airport. A small northern portion of the runway is located in the Frankfurt district of Flughafen, while the larger southern portion lies in the Rüsselsheim am Main district. Before going into operation in 1984, the runway met with considerable opposition, becoming an important symbol of the German environmental movement in the 1970s and 1980s.
Chris Riley (Blue Heelers)
Councillor Christine Bridget "Chris" Riley is a fictional character in the long-running Australian police drama Blue Heelers, portrayed by Julie Nihill. The publican and landlady of the Imperial Hotel in Mount Thomas, Chris is in a unique position to assist the police thanks to her wealth of knowledge about the town and its inhabitants. Strong-willed and opinionated, she often serves a spokeswoman for important issues in the community, and eventually gains election to the local shire council. She is one of two characters, along with Tom Croydon, to appear in all thirteen seasons of the show, appearing in 507 of the 510 episodes to air.

Mount Thomas
Mount Thomas is the fictional town featured in the long-running Australian police procedural drama Blue Heelers, which ran from 1994 up until its cancelation in 2006. The program was filmed in Victorian suburbs of Werribee, Williamstown and Castlemaine, which were all used for the show's exterior scenes to depict Mount Thomas, whilst interior scenes were filmed in-house at the Seven Network studios.
Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics – Men's eight
The men's eight was one of four rowing events on the Rowing at the 1908 Summer Olympics programme. Nations could enter up to two boats (total of 16 rowers and 2 coxswains). Six boats from five nations competed. The event was won by Leander Club, one of the two British boats. The silver medal went to the Belgian team from Royal Club Nautique de Gand. Bronze medals were awarded to the two semifinal losers; Argonaut Rowing Club of Canada had been defeated by Leander while Britain's second boat, from Cambridge University Boat Club, lost to the Belgians.

Koninklijke Roeivereniging Club Gent
Koninklijke Roeivereniging Club Gent (English: Royal Rowing Club of Ghent / French: Royal Club Nautique de Gand) is a rowing club from the Belgian city of Ghent founded in 1871. The association is located at the Ghent urban Watersportbaan rowing course.

It has an extensive international track record. Originally the association was called Club Nautique de Gand.
John Rawlings (photographer)
John Rawlings (1912–1970) was a Condé Nast Publications fashion photographer from the 1930s through the 1960s. Rawlings left a significant body of work, including 200 Vogue magazine and Glamour magazine covers to his credit and 30,000 photos in archive, maintained by curator Kohle Yohannan.

Rawlings was in the elite circle of top Vogue photographers Irving Penn, Horst P. Horst, George Hoyningen-Huene, and George Platt Lynes. The photographer's recently rediscovered archive includes photographs of stage, screen, and society stars of the 1940s and 1950s, including Marlene Dietrich, Salvador Dalí, Veronica Lake, Bridget Bate Tichenor and Montgomery Clift.

George Hoyningen-Huene
Baron George Hoyningen-Huene (September 4, 1900 – September 12, 1968) was a fashion photographer of the 1920s and 1930s. He was born in the Russian Empire to Baltic German and American parents and spent his working life in France, England and the United States.
Dôa
The Dôa is a torrent in the French department of the Vaucluse. From its source near the town of Viens it flows along the southern flanks of the Vaucluse mountains until flowing into the Calavon near Apt. Via the Calavon, the stream belongs to the catchment area of the Durance and Rhône.

Calavon
The Calavon (French pronunciation: [kalavɔ̃]; also called le Coulon) is an 86.7-kilometre (53.9 mi) long river in the Alpes-de-Haute-Provence and Vaucluse départements, southeastern France. Its drainage basin is 1,027 km2 (397 sq mi). Its source is near Banon. It flows generally west-southwest. It is a right tributary of the Durance into which it flows at Caumont-sur-Durance, near Cavaillon.