hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula
The Almohad wars in the Iberian Peninsula were a series of conflicts that the Almohads had with the Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula. The Almohads arrived in the Iberian Peninsula in 1146, after overthrowing the Almoravids. However, their dominance in the peninsula would be weakened after their defeat at the Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa in 1212.

Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa
The Battle of Las Navas de Tolosa, known in Islamic history as the Battle of Al-Uqab (Arabic: معركة العقاب), took place on 16 July 1212 and was an important turning point in the Reconquista and the medieval history of Spain. The Christian forces of King Alfonso VIII of Castile, were joined by the armies of his rivals, Sancho VII of Navarre and Peter II of Aragon, in battle against the Almohad Muslim rulers of the southern half of the Iberian Peninsula. The caliph al-Nasir (Miramamolín in the Spanish chronicles) led the Almohad army, made up of people from all over the Almohad Caliphate.

Navas de Tolosa (also called Las Navas) is a town and hamlet in southern Spain, in the municipality of La Carolina, in the province of Jaén, in the eastern part of the Sierra Morena region, 15 kilometres (9.3 mi) from the border with the province of Ciudad Real.
Atlantic Soccer Conference tournament
The Atlantic Soccer Conference tournament was the conference championship tournament in men's soccer for the Atlantic Soccer Conference. The tournament was held annually between 2006 and 2011. The conference disbanded when its membership dwindled to three members.

Atlantic Soccer Conference
Atlantic Soccer Conference (ASC) was a college athletic conference headquartered in Philadelphia, which only sponsored men's soccer. The conference participated in the NCAA's Division I and its champion did not receive an automatic bid to the annual NCAA tournament.

It was founded in 2000 with nine colleges and universities as its members but disbanded following the 2011 season when its membership dwindled to three members.
Afronitaaa
Danita Akosua Adomaah Yeboah known professionally as Afronita stylized Afronitaaa is a Ghanaian dance artist, choreographer and co-founder of the AfroStar Kids Academy. In May 2024 she participated with her dance partner at the time Abigail as they appeared on the 17th series of Britain's Got Talent, where they finished third place.

Britain's Got Talent series 17
The seventeenth series of British talent competition programme Britain's Got Talent began airing on ITV1 on 20 April 2024 and concluded on 2 June 2024. The series was again presented by Ant & Dec, with Simon Cowell, Amanda Holden, Alesha Dixon and Bruno Tonioli returning to the judging panel.

The seventeenth series was won by singer Sydnie Christmas, with magician Jack Rhodes finishing in second place, and dance duo Abigail & Afronitaaa placing third place. After singers and dancers won 6 of the first 7 series of Britain’s Got Talent, Christmas was just the second singer, also series 13 winner Colin Thackery, to win BGT since Collabro won a decade ago in 2014. The last dance act to win Britain’s Got Talent was in 2013, when Attraction became the first international act to win. Abigail & Afronitaaa were just the second act from an African country to finish in the top-3 on any season, joining Malawian Daliso Chaponda from season 11.
1992 in the United Kingdom
Events from the year 1992 in the United Kingdom. This year was the Ruby Jubilee of Elizabeth II.

This year is notable for a fourth-term general election victory for the Conservative Party; "Black Wednesday" (16 September), the suspension of the UK's membership of the European Exchange Rate Mechanism; and an annus horribilis for the Royal Family.

European Exchange Rate Mechanism
The European Exchange Rate Mechanism (ERM II) is a system introduced by the European Economic Community on 1 January 1999 alongside the introduction of a single currency, the euro (replacing ERM 1 and the euro's predecessor, the ECU) as part of the European Monetary System (EMS), to reduce exchange rate variability and achieve monetary stability in Europe.

Following the adoption of the euro, policy changed to linking currencies of EU countries outside the eurozone to the euro (having the common currency as a central point). The goal was to improve the stability of those currencies, as well as to gain an evaluation mechanism for potential eurozone members. As of January 2026, the Danish krone is the only currency participating in the ERM II.
Miles Howard-Wilks
Miles Howard-Wilks (born Melbourne 1979) is an Australian artist. While working primarily as a painter, Howard-Wilks is also a ceramicist and animator and has worked in the Arts Project Australia studio since 2000. His diverse subject matter explores themes such as the Australian landscape, seascapes, and Australian Rules Football. With a fine attention to detail and a special interest in oceanic and environmental imagery, Howard-Wilks' works have been widely exhibited both Australia-wide and internationally. His works are held within many collections, most notably at the National Gallery of Australia and the Museum of Contemporary Art. He is viewed as an important figure in outsider art in Australia.

Arts Project Australia
Arts Project Australia Inc. is a registered charity and non-profit organisation located in Northcote, an inner northern area of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. The organisation provides facilitation/mentoring, studio and exhibition spaces for artists with intellectual disabilities, and as such has been identified as a major centre for the promotion and exhibition of outsider art, or art that has been produced outside of the contemporary and historical mainstream.  In 2016 there were approximately 130 artists attending the studio,  with the work of exhibiting artists featuring alongside works from the broader contemporary art community in the annual rotating exhibition program.
Highland Light Infantry of Canada
The Highland Light Infantry of Canada was an infantry regiment of the Canadian Army. In 1965, the regiment was amalgamated with The Scots Fusiliers of Canada to form The Highland Fusiliers of Canada (now The Royal Highland Fusiliers of Canada).

Highland Light Infantry
The Highland Light Infantry (HLI) was a light infantry regiment of the British Army formed in 1881. It took part in the First and Second World Wars, until it was amalgamated with the Royal Scots Fusiliers in 1959 to form the Royal Highland Fusiliers (Princess Margaret's Own Glasgow and Ayrshire Regiment) which later merged with the Royal Scots Borderers, the Black Watch (Royal Highland Regiment), the Highlanders (Seaforth, Gordons and Camerons) and the Argyll and Sutherland Highlanders to form the Royal Regiment of Scotland, becoming the 2nd Battalion of the new regiment.
Nahum Stutchkoff
Nahum Stutchkoff (born 7 June 1893 in Brok near Łomża, Russian Empire, now Poland; died 6 November 1965 in Brooklyn, New York City), was a Yiddish-Polish and later Yiddish-American actor, author, lexicographer, and radio host. The largest Yiddish dictionary ever to be finished was compiled by him: the Oytser fun der yidisher shprakh ("The Treasure [Thesaurus] of the Yiddish Language").

Isaac Bashevis Singer
Isaac Bashevis Singer (Yiddish: יצחק באַשעװיס זינגער; November 11, 1903 – July 24, 1991) was a Polish-born Jewish novelist, short-story writer, memoirist, essayist, and translator in the United States. Some of his works were adapted for the theater. He wrote and published first in Yiddish and later translated his own works into English with the help of editors and collaborators. He was awarded the Nobel Prize in Literature in 1978. A leading figure in the Yiddish literary movement, he was awarded two U.S. National Book Awards, one in Children's Literature for his memoir A Day of Pleasure: Stories of a Boy Growing Up in Warsaw (1970) and one in Fiction for his collection A Crown of Feathers and Other Stories (1974).
Miss Me (MoStack song)
"Miss Me" is a song by MoStack featuring AJ Tracey. It was released as a single in 2020 and peaked at number 39 on the UK Singles Chart. It was AJ Tracey and MoStack's second collaboration of the year after "Dinner Guest", a number four chart hit in June for the artists, although it was MoStack taking the lead position on this single, with Tracey a featured act.

Dinner Guest
"Dinner Guest" is a song recorded by British rapper, singer, songwriter and record producer AJ Tracey featuring British rapper MoStack. It was released as a single on 29 April 2020 as the lead single from the former's second studio album Flu Game (2021). The song peaked at number 5 on the UK Singles Chart, spending a total of 12 weeks in the top ten. The song features a sample of "Push the Feeling On" by Nightcrawlers.
Ricardo Carreras
Ricardo Luis Carreras (born December 8, 1949) is a retired bantamweight boxer from the United States, who won the bronze medal at the 1972 Summer Olympics. In the semifinals of the men's bantamweight (– 54 kg) division he was defeated by eventual silver medalist Alfonso Zamora. Carreras was born in New York City, New York.  After retiring from boxing, Carreras worked for the U.S. Postal Service.

Bantamweight
Bantamweight is a weight class in combat sports and weightlifting. For boxing, the range is above 115 lb (52.2 kg) and up to 118 lb (53.5 kg). In kickboxing, a bantamweight fighter generally weighs between 53 and 55 kilograms (117 and 121 lb). In MMA, bantamweight is 126–135 lb (57.2–61.2 kg).

The name for the class is derived from bantam chickens. Brazilian jiu-jitsu has an equivalent Rooster weight.
Durris Forest
Durris Forest is a chiefly coniferous forest south of the River Dee approximately three kilometres west of Netherley in Aberdeenshire, Scotland. The A957 road forms the southwest boundary of Durris Forest, separating it from Fetteresso Forest. The Durris Forest includes several smaller named woodlands.  The ancient route of Elsick Mounth crosses the Grampian Mounth within the Durris Forest.  Notable natural features in the vicinity include Red Moss and Meikle Carewe Hill.  Notable historic features in this area include Raedykes Roman Camp, Muchalls Castle and Maryculter House.

Raedykes
Raedykes is the site of a Roman marching camp located  just over three miles (five kilometres) northwest of Stonehaven, Aberdeenshire, Scotland. National Grid Reference NO 842902. It is designated as a scheduled monument. A marching camp was a temporary camp used mainly for overnight stops on a long route between more permanent forts, or as a temporary base while on campaign in hostile territory.
Worst Cooks in America season 15
Worst Cooks in America 15 is the fifteenth season of the American competitive reality television series Worst Cooks in America. It premiered on Food Network on January 6, 2019 and concluded on March 3, 2019. Allison Wolfe was the winner of this season, with Brittany Carel as the runner-up.

Worst Cooks in America
Worst Cooks in America is an American reality television series that premiered on January 3, 2010, on Food Network. The show takes 12 to 16 contestants (referred to as "recruits") with very poor cooking skills through a culinary boot camp, to earn a cash prize of $25,000 and a Food Network cooking set. In the celebrity edition of the show, the winning celebrity gets a $50,000 prize to donate to the charity of their choice. The recruits are trained on the various basic cooking techniques including baking, knife skills, temperature, seasoning and preparation. The final challenge is to cook a restaurant-quality, three-course meal for three food critics.
NOAAS Mount Mitchell
NOAAS Mount Mitchell (S 222) was an American survey vessel in commission in the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration from 1970 to 1995. Prior to her NOAA career, she was in commission in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey as USC&GS Mount Mitchell (MSS 22) from 1968 to 1970. In 2003, she returned to service as the private research ship R/V Mt. Mitchell then in 2023 was sold to the Government of Uruguay who still operate her in 2026.

Research vessel
A research vessel (RV or R/V) is a ship or boat designed, modified, or equipped to carry out research at sea. Research vessels carry out a number of roles which can be combined into a single vessel but others require a dedicated vessel. Due to the demanding nature of the work, research vessels may be constructed around an icebreaker hull, allowing them to operate in polar waters.
Premio Presidente della Repubblica (prize)
The Premio Presidente della Repubblica is an Italian award introduced by the former president and academic Luigi Einaudi. Since 1949 it has been awarded on a regular basis by the Accademia dei Lincei, the Accademia di San Luca, and the Accademia Nazionale di Santa Cecilia. It is among the most distinguished awards of the three prestigious academies.

Accademia di San Luca
The Accademia di San Luca (English: Academy of Saint Luke) is an Italian academy of artists in Rome. The establishment of the Accademia de i Pittori e Scultori di Roma was approved by papal brief in 1577, and in 1593 Federico Zuccari became its first principe or director; the statutes were ratified in 1607.: 30  Other founders included Girolamo Muziano and Pietro Olivieri. The Academy was named for Luke the Evangelist, the patron saint of painters.

From the late sixteenth century until it moved to its present location at the Palazzo Carpegna, it was based in an urban block by the Roman Forum and although these buildings no longer survive, the Academy church of Santi Luca e Martina, does. Designed by the Baroque architect, Pietro da Cortona, its main façade overlooks the Forum.
Aracillum
Aracillum was a fortified Cantabrian city, scene of the third of the great battles of the Cantabrian wars (year 26 BC according to the chronology of E. Martino) between the Roman Empire and Cantabrian indigenous tribes. It would be located in the territory of present-day Cantabria, with two possible locations: Aradillos, near Reinosa and the Roman city of Julióbriga; the second possible location would be the castro of the Galician Thorn, in the Mountains of the Shield. According to Roman historiography it belonged to the blendii.

Juliobriga
42°59′12″N 4°06′44″W﻿ / ﻿42.9866°N 4.1123°W﻿ / 42.9866; -4.1123

Juliobriga (Spanish: Julióbriga, Latin: Iuliobriga, Ancient Greek: Ἰουλιόβριγα) was the most important urban centre in Roman Cantabria, as stated by numerous Latin authors including Pliny the Elder. The site has traditionally been identified with ruins in the village of Retortillo (Cantabria) and its Villafría district, in the municipality of Campoo de Enmedio.
Annella Zervas
Mary Annella Zervas, O.S.B. (born Anna Cordelia Zervas; April 7, 1900 – August 14, 1926), was an American Catholic religious sister who joined the Benedictines and died at 26 after a three-year battle with pityriasis rubra pilaris. Until the 1960s, Zervas's grave in St. Joseph, Minnesota was considered a place of Christian pilgrimage, and it became one again around 2008.

On October 15, 2023, Bishop Andrew Cozzens of Crookston announced that he was beginning an inquiry into her life that could lead to the opening of a cause for her canonization. The US bishops voted to approve the cause on November 12, 2024, and it is scheduled to be formally opened on October 9, 2025.

Diocese of Saint Cloud
The Diocese of Saint Cloud (Latin: Dioecesis Sancti Clodoaldi) is a diocese of the Catholic Church in central Minnesota in the United States. It is a suffragan diocese of the metropolitan Archdiocese of Saint Paul and Minneapolis. Its mother church is the Cathedral of St. Mary in St. Cloud. The diocese's patron saint is St. Clodoald. Patrick Neary has been bishop since 2023.
Kevin Yeung
Kevin Yeung Yun-hung (Chinese: 楊潤雄; born 26 January 1963) is a former Hong Kong government official who served as the Secretary for Culture, Sports and Tourism from 2022 to 2024.

He graduated from the University of Hong Kong with a Bachelor of Social Sciences and a Master of Business Administration degree from the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology University in Australia. He worked as an accountant in the private sector for seven years before joining the Hong Kong government in 1992 as an administrative officer.

He served in various bureaux and departments, including more than four years as assistant to Secretary for Home Affairs Tsang Tak-sing. In 2010, he transferred to the Food and Health Bureau, and later served in the Home Affairs Bureau, the Kowloon City District Office, and the Hong Kong Economic and Trade Office in Sydney. He was promoted to Administrative Officer Staff Grade C in 2004. In November 2012, he was appointed Under Secretary for Education.

Tsang Tak-sing
Tsang Tak Sing GBS JP (Chinese: 曾德成; born 1949, Canton, China) is the former Secretary for Home Affairs of Hong Kong. Formerly an adviser to the Central Policy Unit, he assumed office on 1 July 2007, replacing Patrick Ho. He is the younger brother of Jasper Tsang, who was the legislative councillor and former chairman of the Democratic Alliance for the Betterment of Hong Kong. Tsang is regarded as pro-Beijing with a long history of supporting the Chinese Communist Party.
Craig Maskell
Craig Dell Maskell (born 10 April 1968) is an English football coach and former footballer.

As a player, he was a centre forward who notably played in the Premier League for Southampton. He also played in the Football League for Huddersfield Town, Reading, Swindon Town, Brighton & Hove Albion and Leyton Orient, later playing at non-league level for  Happy Valley, Hampton & Richmond Borough and Aylesbury United. He would both play and manage Staines Town from 2003 until 2012.

Hampton & Richmond Borough F.C.
Hampton & Richmond Borough Football Club is a semi-professional association football club based in the suburb of Hampton, in the London Borough of Richmond upon Thames, England. The team competes in the National League South, the sixth level of the English football league system.

They were founded in 1921 and formerly known as Hampton FC until 1999 when they changed their name in an attempt to draw a wider support base from around the borough. Hampton & Richmond Borough remains the only senior-level football club to represent the borough of Richmond upon Thames.
FDP Hamburg
The FDP Hamburg is the regional state association of the Free Democratic Party (FDP) in Hamburg. It was founded on September 20, 1945, as the first liberal state party in West Germany.

The party's parliamentary group was a member of the Hamburg Parliament from 1946 to 1978, from 1987 to 1993, from 2001 to 2004 and from 2011 to 2020. Since the 2020 state elections in Hamburg, the FDP Hamburg has been represented by one directly elected, non-attached member of parliament only and does not have its own parliamentary group. As of 2019, the party has about 1,544 members.

In 2023, Sonja Jacobsen had been elected as chairwoman of the party.

Hamburg Parliament
The Hamburg Parliament (German: Hamburgische Bürgerschaft; literally “Hamburgish Citizenry” or, more poetically, “Hamburgish Burgessry”) is the unicameral legislature of the German state of Hamburg according to the constitution of Hamburg. As of 2025 there are 121 sitting members, representing 17 electoral districts. The parliament is situated in the city hall Hamburg Rathaus and is part of the Government of Hamburg.

The parliament is among other things responsible for the law, the election of the Erster Bürgermeister (First Mayor) for the election period and the control of the Senate (cabinet).

The President of the Hamburg Parliament is the highest official person of the Free and Hanseatic City of Hamburg.

Its members are elected in universal, direct, free, equal and secret elections every five years.
MEMS electrothermal actuator
A MEMS electrothermal actuator is a microelectromechanical device that typically generates motion by thermal expansion. It relies on the equilibrium between the thermal energy produced by an applied electric current and the heat  dissipated into the environment or the substrate. Its working principle is based on resistive heating. Fabrication processes for electrothermal actuators include deep X-ray lithography, LIGA (lithography, electroplating, and molding), and deep reactive ion etching (DRIE). These techniques allow for the creation of devices with high aspect ratios. Additionally, these actuators are relatively easy to fabricate and are compatible with standard Integrated Circuits (IC) and MEMS fabrication methods. These electrothermal actuators can be utilized in different kind of MEMS devices like microgrippers, micromirrors, tunable inductors and resonators.

MEMS magnetic actuator
A MEMS magnetic actuator is a device that uses the microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) to convert an electric current into a mechanical output by employing the well-known Lorentz Force Equation or the theory of Magnetism.
George B. Willis
George B. Willis (died June 1900) was a state legislator in North Carolina. He represented Craven County in the North Carolina House of Representatives in 1870.

Richard Tucker and Edward R. Dudley were fellow African American state legislators from New Bern. Craven County was represented by several African Americans during the period.

Willis commanded Company H of the 1st North Carolina State Troops, a state militia united raised to maintain order during the Kirk–Holden war of 1870.

Craven County, North Carolina
Craven County is a county located in the U.S. state of North Carolina. As of the 2020 census, the population was 100,720. Its county seat is New Bern. The county was created in 1705 as Archdale Precinct from the now-extinct Bath County. It was renamed Craven Precinct in 1712 and gained county status in 1739. It is named for William, Earl of Craven, who lived from 1606 to 1697. Craven County is part of the New Bern, NC Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Nikita Rakhmanin
Nikita Vladimirovich Rakhmanin (Russian: Никита Владимирович Рахманин, Armenian: Նիկիտա Վլադիմիրովիչ Ռախմանին; born 4 May 1999) is a Russian and Armenian pair skater who currently competes for Armenia. With his current skating partner, Karina Akopova, he is the 2026 Armenian national champion and represented Armenia at the 2026 Winter Olympics.

Competing with Akopova for Russia, he is the 2021 Budapest Trophy champion, 2021 Denis Ten Memorial Challenge champion, and 2022 Challenge Cup champion.

Denis Ten Memorial Challenge
The Denis Ten Memorial Challenge is an annual figure skating competition sanctioned by the International Skating Union (ISU), organized and hosted by the Denis Ten Foundation and the Kazakhstan Skating Union. The competition debuted in 2019 and is named in honor of Denis Ten, a former Kazakh figure skater who won the bronze medal at the 2014 Winter Olympics. The Denis Ten Memorial Challenge has been an Challenger Series event every year since 2021. Medals may be awarded in men's singles, women's singles, pair skating, and ice dance; and as part of the Challenger Series, skaters earn ISU World Standing points based on their results.