hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Coltan mining and ethics
Coltan is the colloquial name for the mineral columbite-tantalum ("col-tan"). In the early 21st century coltan mining is associated with human rights violations such as child labour, systematic exploitation of the population by governments or militant groups, exposure to toxic chemicals and other hazards as a result of lax environmental protection, and general safety laws and regulations. Coltan mining in Venezuela, especially in the Orinoco Mining Arc, has led to deforestation, water contamination, and human rights violations. Issues like forced labor, Indigenous displacement, and corruption highlight broader challenges of neoextractivism and conflict mineral regulation.

Coltan
Coltan (short for columbite–tantalite and known industrially as tantalite) is a dull black metallic ore from which the elements niobium and tantalum are extracted. The niobium-dominant mineral in coltan is columbite (after niobium's original name columbium), and the tantalum-dominant mineral is tantalite.

Among other uses, tantalum from coltan is used to manufacture tantalum capacitors which are used for mobile phones, personal computers, automotive electronics, and cameras. Niobium is used in the manufacture of MRI magnets and as an additive to steel. Coltan mining is widespread in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.
Under the Bridge (TV series)
Under the Bridge is a Canadian true crime drama television miniseries developed by Quinn Shephard that is based upon the book of the same name by Rebecca Godfrey. The series premiered on Hulu on April 17, 2024.

Quinn Shephard
Quinn Shephard (born February 28, 1995) is an American actress, writer, producer, director, and film editor. She played the roles of Donna Malone in the Christmas comedy Unaccompanied Minors and Morgan Sanders in the television series Hostages. In 2017, her feature film directorial debut, Blame (which she also wrote, produced, edited, and starred in), screened at several film festivals and earned critical attention.
Wheego Whip
The Wheego Whip was an electric city car produced by American automobile manufacturer Wheego Technologies. It was a low-speed vehicle with a top speed of 25 mph (40 km/h) or as a medium-speed vehicle with a maximum speed of 35 mph (56 km/h), depending on local state regulations. The Whip was based on the bodyshell of the Shuanghuan Noble produced in China, where it was sold as the Shuanghuan E-Noble. The Whip and a highway-capable version, the Wheego LiFe, were produced from 2011 to 2013, with a total of approximately 300 units being completed when production ceased.

Chassis
A chassis (US: /ˈtʃæ.si/, UK: /ˈʃæ.si/; plural chassis /-iz/ from French châssis [ʃɑsi]), is the load-bearing framework of a manufactured object, which structurally supports the object in its construction and function. An example of a chassis is a vehicle frame, the underpart of a motor vehicle, on which the body is mounted; if the running gear such as wheels and transmission, and sometimes even the driver's seat, are included, then the assembly is described as a rolling chassis.
2003–04 Liga Alef
The 2003–04 Liga Alef season saw Maccabi Hadera (champions of the North Division) and Maccabi Be'er Sheva (champions of the South Division) winning the title and promotion to 2004–05. However as Maccabi Hadera folded during the following summer, eventually second placed Maccabi Tirat HaCarmel was promoted instead. During the summer Maccabi Kiryat Gat was demoted to Liga Alef, and Maccabi HaShikma Ramat Hen was promoted to Liga Artzit as well.

At the bottom, following a series of reprieves, caused by Maccabi Hadera and Hapoel Bat Yam folding and Maccabi Kiryat Gat being demoted to Liga Alef, only one club, Hapoel Migdal HaEmek was automatically relegated to Liga Bet.

2004–05 Liga Artzit
The 2004–05 Liga Artzit season saw Hapoel Ashkelon win the title and promotion to Liga Leumit alongside runners-up Maccabi Be'er Sheva. Hapoel Majd al-Krum were relegated to Liga Alef, whilst Maccabi Ironi Kiryat Ata, who finished second from bottom, were reprieved after Maccabi Ramat Amidar left the league and merged with Hakoah Ramat Gan.
Grade II listed buildings in Offa, Wrexham
In the United Kingdom, the term listed building refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical, or cultural significance; Grade II structures are those considered to be "buildings of special interest which justify every effort being made to preserve them". Listing was begun by a provision in the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. Once listed, strict limitations are imposed on the modifications allowed to a building's structure or fittings. In Wales, the authority for listing under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 rests with Cadw.

This is a list of the 71 Grade II listed buildings in the community of Offa, in Wrexham County Borough.

Grade II listed buildings in Wrexham County Borough
In the United Kingdom, the term listed building refers to a building or other structure officially designated as being of special architectural, historical, or cultural significance; Grade II structures are those considered to be "buildings of special interest which justify every effort being made to preserve them". Listing was begun by a provision in the Town and Country Planning Act 1947. Once listed, strict limitations are imposed on the modifications allowed to a building's structure or fittings. In Wales, the authority for listing under the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 rests with Cadw.

This is a list of Grade II listed buildings in Wrexham County Borough. There are 946 Grade II listed buildings in the county borough.
Robert F. McPartlin
Robert F. McPartlin (November 2, 1926 – April 15, 1987) was an American Democratic politician. He was a member the Illinois House of Representatives for the 16th district from 1960 to 1976, when he was indicted for taking part in a $1.3 million bribery scheme over a "$48 million Chicago sewage contract" alongside billionaire heirs E. Bronson Ingram II and Frederic B. Ingram. McPartlin was sentenced to eight years in prison in 1979, and he died at the end of his sentence.

E. Bronson Ingram II
E. Bronson Ingram II (1931–1995) was an American billionaire heir and business executive. He served as the Chairman of Ingram Industries from 1963 to 1995. He was a director and large shareholder of Weyerhaeuser. He was tried and acquitted of corruption regarding a Chicago sewage deal in the 1970s.
Ernesta Stern
Ernesta Stern, born Maria Ernesta Hierschel de Minerbi, also known as Maria Star, (December 8, 1854 – 1926) was an Austrian Empire-born French author. She wrote many Venetian tales and novels. She held a salon in Paris and she was awarded the knighthood of the Legion of Honour. Her Villa Torre Clementina in Roquebrune-Cap-Martin is an official historical monument.

Roquebrune-Cap-Martin
Roquebrune-Cap-Martin (French: [ʁɔk(ə)bʁyn kap maʁtɛ̃]; Occitan: Ròcabruna Caup Martin or Ròcabruna Cap Martin; Mentonasc: Rocabrüna; Italian: Roccabruna-Capo Martino [ˌrɔkkaˈbruːna ˈkaːpo marˈtiːno]), simply Roquebrune until 1921, is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department in the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region, Southeastern France, between Monaco and Menton. The name was changed from Roquebrune to differentiate the town from Roquebrune-sur-Argens in neighbouring Var.
Shooting at the 2013 SEA Games – Men's 10 metre air pistol Team
The Men's 10 metre air pistol Team event at the 2013 SEA Games took place on 15 December 2013 at the North Dagon Shooting Range in Yangon, Myanmar.

There were five teams of three shooters competed, the results of the team competition also served as qualification for individual competition, the top eight shooters qualified to individual final

Each shooter fired 60 shots with an air pistol at 10 metres distance. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10, all scores from three shooters per team combine to determine team scores.

Shooting at the 2013 SEA Games – Men's 10 metre air pistol
The Men's 10 metre air pistol event at the 2013 SEA Games took place on 15 December 2013 at the North Dagon Shooting Range in Yangon, Myanmar.

The event consisted of two rounds: a qualifier and a final. In the qualifier, each shooter fired 60 shots with an air pistol at 10 metres distance. Scores for each shot were in increments of 1, with a maximum score of 10.

The top 8 shooters in the qualifying round moved on to the final round. The final consists of 2 strings of 3 shots, after which for every two additional shots, the lowest scoring finalist will be dropped. This continues until only two finalists left making the final two shots for the gold. The Final two shooters would have total 20 shots. These shots scored in increments of 0.1, with a maximum score of 10.9.
RNC Media
RNC Media (formerly Radio-Nord Communications) is a Canadian broadcasting group based in Westmount, Quebec, with offices in Gatineau and Rouyn-Noranda. The company operates five television stations and several radio stations, mostly in Quebec.

The company was founded in 1948 when brothers Jean-Joffre and David Armand Gourd, along with business partner Roger Charbonneau, acquired radio stations CKRN Rouyn (now CHOA-FM), CHAD Amos (defunct) and CKVD Val-d'Or (now CHGO-FM) from Canadian media mogul Roy Thomson.

Gatineau
Gatineau (/ˈɡætɪnoʊ/ GAT-in-oh; French: [ɡatino] ⓘ) is a city in southwestern Quebec, Canada. It is located on the northern bank of the Ottawa River, directly across from Ottawa, Ontario. Gatineau is the largest city in the Outaouais administrative region of Quebec and is also part of Canada's National Capital Region. As of 2021, Gatineau is the fourth-largest city in Quebec with a population of 291,041. Gatineau is also part of the Ottawa-Gatineau census metropolitan area with a population of 1,488,307, making it the fourth largest in Canada.

Gatineau is coextensive with a territory equivalent to a regional county municipality (TE) and census division (CD) of the same name, whose geographical code is 81. It is the seat of the judicial district of Hull.

It is also the most bilingual (French-English) city in Canada.
Onondaga Cave State Park
Onondaga Cave State Park is a Missouri state park located on the Meramec River approximately 5 miles (8.0 km) southeast of the village of Leasburg. The park was established in 1982. Park activities include cave tours, camping, fishing, hiking, picnicking, and swimming.

Meramec River
The Meramec River (/ˈmɛrɪmæk/), sometimes spelled Maramec River (the original US mapping spelled it Maramec but later changed it to Meramec), is one of the longest free-flowing waterways in the U.S. state of Missouri, draining 3,980 square miles (10,300 km2) while wandering 218 miles (351 km) from headwaters southeast of Salem to where it empties into the Mississippi River near St. Louis at Arnold and Oakville. The Meramec watershed covers
six Missouri Ozark Highland counties—Dent, Phelps, Crawford, Franklin, Jefferson, and St. Louis—and portions of eight others—Maries, Gasconade, Iron, Washington, Reynolds, St. Francois, Ste. Genevieve, and Texas. Between its source and its mouth, it falls 1,025 feet (312 m). Year-round navigability begins above Maramec Spring, just south of St. James. The Meramec's size increases at the confluence of the Dry Fork, and its navigability continues until the river enters the Mississippi at Arnold, Missouri.
Canadian Young Judaea
Canadian Young Judaea (Hebrew: יְהוּדָה‬ הַצָעִיר‬ קָנָדָה, Yehuda HaTza'ir Canada) is the largest Zionist youth movement in Canada. The movement was founded as the youth wing of Canadian Hadassah-WIZO and the Zionist Organization of Canada in 1917, and is affiliated with HaNoar HaTzioni. Young Judaea operates five Jewish summer camps across Canada.

Youth wing
A youth wing is a subsidiary, autonomous, or independently allied front of a larger organization (usually a political party but occasionally another type of organization) that is formed in order to rally support for that organization from members and potential members of a younger age, as well as to focus on subjects and issues more widely relevant among that organization's youth. Youth wings may also be discussion forums for younger members and supporters of the organization to debate policy and ideology.
F4 (Istanbul funicular)
The F4, officially referred to as the F4 Boğaziçi Üni./Hisarüstü–Aşiyan funicular line (Turkish: F4 Boğaziçi Üni./Hisarüstü–Aşiyan füniküler hattı) is an 800 m (2,600 ft) long funicular railway in Beşiktaş, Istanbul. When opened on 28 October 2022, it became the fourth funicular line in Istanbul as well as the longest, surpassing the F3 line by 100 m (330 ft). The F4 line traverses a height difference of about 116.1 m (381 ft) and total travel time is estimated at 2 minutes and 30 seconds.

The line begins at Boğaziçi Üniversitesi station and heads east to Aşiyan along the Bosporus. It is connected to the M6 line at Boğaziçi Üniversitesi. The entrance to Boğaziçi Üniversitesi station is constructed next to the main entrance to Boğaziçi University.

F3 (Istanbul funicular)
The F3, also known as the Vadistanbul Skyrail (Turkish: Vadistanbul Havaray) and officially referred to as the F3 Vadistanbul-Seyrantepe funicular line (Turkish: F3 Vadistanbul-Seyrantepe füniküler hattı), is a 750 m (2,460 ft) long funicular railway in Sarıyer, Istanbul. The line is one of four funicular railways in Turkey, all of them in Istanbul, and is the only one that operates above ground. Because the F3 runs on top a concrete viaduct, it has been falsely commented as a Monorail even though it is technically a funicular railway on a standard gauge rail track. The route runs between Vadistanbul and Seyrantepe, where connection to the M2 line is available.

The F3 was opened on 29 October 2017.
Nirmal Prabha Bordoloi
Nirmal Prabha Bordoloi (1932/1933 – 1 June 2004) was an Indian poet, songwriter and folklorist associated with Assamese literature. She was president of the Asam Sahitya Sabha in 1991 held at Dudhnoi in Goalpara district. She received several awards. In 1983 she received a Sahitya Akademi Award for her poetry book Sudirgha Din Aru Ritu. She also received the president's Award in 1957 for children's literature and the Asam Sahitya Sabha award in 1977 and 1989 for her non-fiction books 'Dinar Pisat Din' and 'Debi'. She has also won the 'Saraswati Sanman' title in 1987.

Assamese literature
Assamese literature is the entire corpus of poetry, novels, short stories, plays, documents and other writings in the Assamese language. It also includes the literary works in the older forms of the language during its evolution to the contemporary form and its cultural heritage and tradition. The literary heritage of the Assamese language can be traced back to the c. 9–10th century in the Charyapada (IAST: caryāpada), where the earliest elements of the language can be discerned.

Banikanta Kakati divides the history of Assamese literature into three prominent eras—Early Assamese, Middle Assamese and Modern Assamese—which is generally accepted.
Schwarzhorn (Binntal)
The Schwarzhorn (Italian: Punta Marani) is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps, located on the Swiss-Italian border, between the Binntal (Valais) and the Valle Dèvero (Piedmont). It lies north of the Scherbadung.

The area is renowned for its unique minerals that are found here in a dolomitic host rock. Elements found are typically As, Fe, Pb, Sb.

Scherbadung
The Scherbadung (also known as Pizzo Cervandone or Monte Cervandone) is a mountain of the Lepontine Alps on the Swiss-Italian border. Its Italian name has been used to name the mineral cervandonite which has only been found there (Devero Alp; Devero Valley; Val Devero).
Monique Suraci
Monique Suraci (born 12 January 2001) is an Australian boxer. Having taken up boxing aged six, she won the gold medal in the 50kg division at the 2023 Pacific Games to secure a place in the same weight category at the 2024 Summer Olympics, where she lost in the round-of-16 to Ingrit Valencia from Colombia.

Ingrit Valencia
Ingrit Lorena Valencia Victoria (born 3 September 1988) is a Colombian female boxer.

She represented Colombia at the 2016 Summer Olympics in Rio de Janeiro, in the women's flyweight, and won the bronze medal. She was the flag bearer for Colombia during the closing ceremony.

She competed at the 2020 Summer Olympics in Tokyo, earning a bronze medal.  She again represented Colombia at the 2024 Summer Olympics in Paris.
Gita Kalmet
Gita Kalmet (until 1987, Gita Ränk; born on 29 November 1959 in Tallinn) is an Estonian diplomat and former actress.

In 1984, she graduated from Tallinn State Conservatory Stage Art Department. In 1993 she graduated from Estonian School of Diplomacy.

From 1984 to 1989, she worked at Rakvere Theatre. Besides theatre roles she played also in several films and on television.

Since 1993, she has been employed by the Estonian Foreign Ministry. She worked as a policy official at the Estonian embassy in Paris, France, between 1999 and 2002, and worked as an exchange diplomat in London, England, in 2005. From 2006 until 2011, she was Ambassador of Estonia to the Netherlands. From 2013 until 2018, she was Ambassador of Estonia to Canada and since August 2021 she was Ambassador of Estonia to Czech Republic.

She is married to director and actor Madis Kalmet. The couple have two sons, actors Henrik Kalmet and Karl-Andreas Kalmet.

Foreign relations of Estonia
The Republic of Estonia gained its independence from the Russian Empire on 24 February 1918 and established diplomatic relations with many countries via membership of the League of Nations. The forcible incorporation of Estonia into the Soviet Union in 1940 was not generally recognised by the international community and the Estonian diplomatic service continued to operate in some countries. Following the restoration of independence from the Soviet Union, Russia was one of the first nations to re-recognize Estonia's independence (the first country to do so was Iceland on 22 August 1991). Estonia's immediate priority after regaining its independence was the withdrawal of Russian (formerly Soviet) forces from Estonian territory. In August 1994, this was completed. However, relations with Moscow have remained strained primarily because Russia decided not to ratify the border treaty it had signed with Estonia in 1999.
Song Oh-kyun
Song Oh-kyun (Korean: 송오균; Hanja: 宋五均; February 28, 1892 – June 20, 1970) was a rice farmer and Korean independence activist who was deeply involved in the Korean Independence Movement in the US. Between 1926 and 1945, he took leading positions in the Korean National Association (KNA), the largest Korean immigrant political organization, founded in February 1909 by Ahn Chang-ho.

Korean National Association
The Korean National Association (Korean: 대한인국민회; Hanja: 大韓人國民會), also known as All Korea Korean National Association,  was a political organization established on February 1, 1909, to fight Japan's colonial policies and occupation in Korea. It was founded in San Francisco by the intellectual scholar and Korean Independence activist Ahn Changho, and represented the interests of Koreans in the United States, Russian Far East, and Manchuria during the Korean Independence Movement.
Roman Staněk
Roman Staněk Jr. (Czech pronunciation: [ˈroman ˈstaɲɛk]; born 25 February 2004) is a Czech racing driver who is set to drive in the Super Formula Championship for Buzz MK Racing.

He has raced in FIA Formula 3 for three seasons, where he placed fifth in 2022, and is also the 2019 ADAC Formula 4 rookies' champion. In 2023, he debuted in FIA Formula 2 with Trident before leaving the team mid-2024. Staněk switched to Invicta for his final season in 2025.

Trident Motorsport
Trident Motorsport (formerly known as Trident Racing) is a motor racing team that competes in single-seater formula racing. It was founded in 2006 in order to compete in the GP2 championship, which was Europe's second highest-ranking single-seater formula below Formula One. Trident is headquartered at San Pietro Mosezzo in the Piedmont region of Italy.
Anthony da Costa
Anthony da Costa (born 1991 in Bronx, NY) is an American singer-songwriter based in Nashville, TN.  He has been writing and performing original material since he was 13 years old. He names Ryan Adams, Dan Bern, and Bob Dylan as some of his biggest songwriting influences. He attended Columbia University and graduated with a bachelor's degree in ancient Greek and Roman history in 2013. In 2016, Anthony released his latest solo album, "Da Costa," which was self-produced and features Aaron Lee Tasjan, Devon Sproule, and members of Ben Kweller, Eric Johnson and Okkervil River. Anthony is also an in-demand live and session guitarist, having toured with Aoife O'Donovan of Crooked Still, Jimmy LaFave, Joy Williams, the Grammy-award-winning songwriter Sarah Jarosz, and two-time IBMA Guitar Player of the Year Molly Tuttle.

Aaron Lee Tasjan
Aaron Lee Tasjan (born August 24, 1986) is an American singer-songwriter, guitarist, and record producer.

Tasjan is reported to have his own distinct version of "indie folk grit." Garret Woodward of the Smoky Mountain News says, "Tasjan's words are soaked in spilled whiskey, misunderstood tears and dusty memories. Each number seeps into the cracks of your troubled soul." Tasjan earned a 2022 Grammy Award Best American Roots Song nomination for the song "Diamond Studded Shoes".
Green Tree Tavern (Janis-Ziegler House)
The Green Tree Tavern, also known as the Janis-Ziegler House, is a poteaux-sur-sol French colonial style house that was built circa 1790-1791 in Ste. Genevieve, Missouri. It is the oldest verified house in Missouri by dendrochronology. The house is listed in the National Register of Historic Places as a part of the Ste. Genevieve Historic District. It is a component of the Ste. Genevieve National Historical Park, a unit of the National Park Service.

Ste. Genevieve, Missouri
Ste. Genevieve (French: Sainte-Geneviève [sɛ̃t ʒənvjɛv]) is a city in Ste. Genevieve Township, Ste. Genevieve County, Missouri, United States, that is the county seat of Ste. Genevieve County. The population was 4,999 at the 2020 census. Founded in 1735 by French Canadian colonists and settlers from east of the river, it was the first organized European settlement west of the Mississippi River in present-day Missouri. Today, it is home to Ste. Genevieve National Historical Park, the 422nd unit of the National Park Service.
Martha Kuwee Kumsa
Martha Kuwee Kumsa is a siinqee feminist and professor at Wilfrid Laurier University in Canada, specialising in Oromo culture and cultural and immigrant identity. She is of Oromo origin and was detained without charges and tortured from 1980 to 1989, following the Ethiopian Red Terror, for her journalistic activities promoting Oromo women's rights. In late 2020, Martha objected to media misrepresentation of the Hachalu Hundessa riots and what she saw as wave of repression by federal authorities against Oromos.

Red Terror (Ethiopia)
The Ethiopian Red Terror, also known as the Qey Shibir (Amharic: ቀይ ሽብር, romanized: ḳäy shəbbər), was a violent political repression campaign of the Derg against other competing Marxist-Leninist groups in Ethiopia and present-day Eritrea from 1976 to 1978. The Qey Shibir was an attempt to consolidate Derg rule during the political instability after their overthrow of Emperor Haile Selassie in 1974 and the subsequent Ethiopian Civil War. The Qey Shibir was based on the Red Terror of the Russian Civil War, and most visibly took place after Mengistu Haile Mariam became chairman of the Derg on 3 February 1977. It is estimated that 10,000 to 980,000 people were killed over the course of the Qey Shibir.

In 2006, Mengistu was convicted of genocide in absentia by Ethiopia for his role in the Qey Shibir while leader of the Derg.