hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Unwritten rules of baseball
There is a set of unwritten rules of baseball that some players and managers follow. The rules often concern gamesmanship and not disrespecting players on the opposing team. Incidents have occurred when one or more players interpret the actions of another player as violating the unwritten rules, which can result in beanballs and bench-clearing brawls. As the rules are unwritten, and in many cases vague, the interpretation is left to the players involved.

Baseball field
A baseball field, also called a ball field or baseball diamond, is the field upon which the game of baseball is played. The term can also be used as a metonym for a baseball park. The term sandlot is sometimes used, although this usually refers to less organized venues for activities like sandlot ball.
Delia Garcés
Delia Amadora García Gerboles better known as Delia Garcés (Spanish pronunciation: [ˈdelja ɣaɾˈses]; 13 October 1919 – 7 November 2001) was an Argentine film actress of the Golden Age of Argentine cinema, making almost 30 appearances in film between 1937 and 1959. She also acted on stage from 1936 to 1966. She won the Premios Sur Best Actress award three times from the Argentine Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences, as well as the Argentine Film Critics Association's Silver Condor Award for Best Actress, the Premios Leopold Torre Nilsson, Premio Pablo Podestá, and the inaugural ACE Platinum Lifetime Achievement Award from the Asociación de Cronistas del Espectáculo.

Argentine Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences
The Argentine Academy of Cinematography Arts and Sciences (Spanish: Academia de las Artes y Ciencias Cinematográficas de la Argentina - AACCA) is an industry association in Argentina founded in 2004. Each year the Academy present the Premios Sur (South Prizes) for categories such as best fiction film, best director, best actor and best photography. The Academy also selects Argentine films to represent the company in the annual awards of other countries, such as the Oscars, where appropriate.
Forbes Cowan
Forbes Cowan (born 16 October 1964) is a Scottish former strongman competitor and multiple entrant to the World's Strongest Man. Although he never captured the World's Strongest Man title, during the 1990s he was the World Muscle Power champion, Europe's Strongest Man and Britain's Strongest Man, as well as being consistently in the top five in major international competitions.

World's Strongest Man
The World's Strongest Man is an international strongman competition held every year. Organized by American event management company IMG, a subsidiary of Endeavor, it is broadcast in the US during summers and in the UK around the end of December each year. Competitors qualify based on placing in the top three at the four to eight Giants Live events each year. The current event sponsor is SBD Apparel.

The competition has been won by 25 men representing 14 nationalities. Three of the past champions Bill Kazmaier, Hafþór Júlíus Björnsson and Brian Shaw have been inducted into the International Sports Hall of Fame.
N = 2 superconformal algebra
In mathematical physics, the 2D N = 2 superconformal algebra is an infinite-dimensional Lie superalgebra, related to supersymmetry, that occurs in string theory and two-dimensional conformal field theory. It has important applications in mirror symmetry. It was introduced by M. Ademollo, L. Brink, and A. D'Adda et al. (1976) as a gauge algebra of the U(1) fermionic string.

Lie superalgebra
In mathematics, a Lie superalgebra is a generalisation of a Lie algebra to include a ‑grading. Lie superalgebras are important in theoretical physics where they are used to describe the mathematics of supersymmetry.

The notion of  grading used here is distinct from a second  grading having cohomological origins. A graded Lie algebra (say, graded by  or ) that is anticommutative and has a graded Jacobi identity also has a  grading; this is the "rolling up" of the algebra into odd and even parts. This rolling-up is not normally referred to as "super".  Thus, supergraded Lie superalgebras carry a pair of ‑gradations: one of which is supersymmetric, and the other is classical.  Pierre Deligne calls the supersymmetric one the super gradation, and the classical one the cohomological gradation.  These two gradations must be compatible, and there is often disagreement as to how they should be regarded.
University of Caxias do Sul
The University of Caxias do Sul (Portuguese: Universidade de Caxias do Sul, UCS) is a private university in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. It has units in the cities of Caxias do Sul, Bento Gonçalves, Vacaria, Canela, Farroupilha, Guaporé, Nova Prata and São Sebastião do Caí, offering more than 150 admission options in nine different areas of knowledge. In 2017 and 2018 it was listed by the university ranking of Folha de S. Paulo as the sixth best private university in the country.

Bento Gonçalves, Rio Grande do Sul
Bento Gonçalves (Portuguese pronunciation: [ˈbẽtu ɡõˈsawvis]) is a municipality located in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Created in 1875, it is one of the centers of the Italian immigration in Brazil. It is also known as the 'wine capital of Brazil' due to its vineyards and wine production. In 2020, its estimated population was 121,803 inhabitants.

Ernesto Geisel, President of Brazil from 1974 to 1979 (under the military government), was born in Bento Gonçalves in 1907.
Yarrow Later M-class destroyer
The Yarrow Later M class were a class of seven destroyers built for the Royal Navy that saw service during World War I. They were sometimes described as the Yarrow R class of destroyers, although they lacked the geared steam turbines of their sisters. The design was based on the preceding and successful Yarrow M class with minor alterations; notably reduced beam to compensate for increased displacement and a sloping stern. They were armed with three single QF 4-inch (102 mm) guns and four torpedo tubes for 21 in (533 mm) torpedoes. Three of the class were sunk during the war in enemy action, two by German U-boats and one by the German light cruisers Bremse and Brummer. Of the four that survived, two were sold to be broken up on the same day in 1926, one the following year and the last in 1939.

British 21-inch torpedo
There have been a number of 21-inch (53.3cm) torpedoes in service with the Royal Navy of the United Kingdom.

Torpedoes of 21-inch calibre were the largest torpedoes in common use in the RN. They were used by surface ships and submarines; aircraft used smaller 18-inch torpedoes.
Puysegur Trench
The 6,300-metre (20,700 ft) deep Puysegur Trench is a deep cleft in the floor of the south Tasman Sea formed by the subduction of the Indo-Australian Plate under the Pacific Plate to the south of New Zealand. Immediately to its east lies the Puysegur Ridge, a northern extension of the Macquarie Ridge, which separates the Puysegur Trench from the Solander Trough. To the west is the expanse of the Tasman Basin, which stretches most of the distance to Australia. To the north of the trench lies the Fiordland Basin, which can be considered an extension of the trench. The Puysegur Trench mirrors the Kermadec Trench and Tonga Trench north of New Zealand.

The Puysegur Trench stretches for over 800 kilometres south from the southwesternmost point of the South Island's coast, its southernmost extent being 400 kilometres due west of the Auckland Islands. It is named after Puysegur Point.

Tonga Trench
The Tonga Trench is an oceanic trench located in the southwestern Pacific Ocean. It is the deepest trench in the Southern hemisphere and the second deepest on Earth after the Mariana Trench. The fastest plate-tectonic velocity on Earth is occurring at this location, as the Pacific plate is being subducted westward in the trench.
Callahan Bright
Callahan Bright (born January 16, 1987) is a former American football player. A standout defensive lineman in high school, his career derailed during college. After one season at Division II Shaw University, Bright entered the 2010 NFL draft but was not selected. He had brief stints with various Arena Football League (AFL) teams, and last played for the Wichita Wild.

Wichita Wild
The Wichita Wild were a professional indoor football team based in Wichita, Kansas. They were members of the Champions Professional Indoor Football League (CPIFL). The team was founded in 2006 as an independent indoor football franchise. In 2008, the team joined United Indoor Football (UIF). They joined the Indoor Football League (IFL) during the UIF and Intense Football League merger of 2009. In 2012, the team left the IFL to become charter members of the CPIFL. The Wild's home games were played at Hartman Arena in nearby Park City. When they lost their lease with the Hartman Arena, they folded..
German submarine U-2527
German submarine U-2527 was a Type XXI U-boat (one of the "Elektroboote") of Nazi Germany's Kriegsmarine, built for service in World War II. She was ordered on 6 November 1943, and was laid down on 20 September 1944 at the Blohm & Voss yard at Hamburg, as yard number 2527. She was launched on 7 November 1944, and commissioned under the command of Oberleutnant zur See Hans Götze on 23 December 1944.

Elektroboot
An Elektroboot ("electric boat" in German) was a submarine designed to operate entirely submerged, rather than as submersibles that could submerge as a temporary means to escape detection or launch an attack.
René Drouart de Bousset
René Drouard de Bousset (French pronunciation: [ʁəne dʁuaʁ də busɛ]; 12 December 1703 – 19 May 1760) was a French Baroque composer and organist. He was born in Paris on 12 December 1703.

He was the son of Jean-Baptiste Drouard de Bousset (d. 1725), minor nobility and maître de musique of the chapelle of the Louvre.

René was a pupil of Nicolas Bernier. In February 1739 Bousset was appointed organist at the parish church of St André-des-Arts, Paris, then simultaneously co-organist with Armand-Louis Couperin at Notre Dame de Paris and the church of Saint Merry from 1755 to 1760. He was a Jansenist and noted for a series of publications of cantatas on biblical subjects.

Bousset died on 19 May 1760.

Armand-Louis Couperin
Armand-Louis Couperin (25 February 1727 – 2 February 1789) was a French composer, organist, and harpsichordist of the late Baroque and early Classical periods.  He was a member of the Couperin family of musicians, of which the most notable were his great-uncle Louis and his cousin François.
Shawn Hare
Shawn Robert Hare (born March 26, 1967) is an American former professional baseball outfielder. Hare played four seasons in Major League Baseball (MLB), appearing in 64 games from 1991 to 1995 with the Detroit Tigers, New York Mets, and Texas Rangers. He also played in the KBO League for the Haitai Tigers.

Kia Tigers
The Kia Tigers (Korean: KIA 타이거즈) are a South Korean professional baseball team founded in 1982 and based in the southwestern city of Gwangju. Until 2001, they were known as the Haitai Tigers. The Tigers are members of the KBO League and are the most successful team in Korean baseball, having won the Korean Series championship twelve times with a perfect 12–0 record. Their home stadium is Gwangju-Kia Champions Field in Gwangju.

After the success of the 1980s and 1990s, the fortunes of the team began to turn, resulting in them finishing bottom of the league for the first time in 2005, and again in 2007. In 2009, however, the Tigers won the 2009 KBO season and the 2009 Korean Series.

During the 1980s and 1990s, the team was heavily associated with the Liberal pro-democracy politics of their home region of Honam. As a result, they developed a rivalry with the Samsung Lions of the conservative Yeongnam region.
Medforth v Blake
Medforth v Blake [1999] EWCA Civ 1482 is a UK insolvency law case concerning the duties of a receiver and manager in the United Kingdom, over and above a duty of good faith, as to the manner in which he conducts a business.

Good faith
In human interactions, good faith (Latin: bona fidēs) is a sincere intention to be fair, open, and honest, regardless of the outcome of the interaction. It is an important concept within law and business. The opposed concepts are bad faith, mala fides (duplicity) and perfidy (pretense).
S. N. Parvathy
S. N. Parvathy is an Indian actress who appears in supporting roles in Tamil films and serials. She often plays roles of a mother in films. She has worked in popular movies like Anubavi Raja Anubavi, Pasi, Palaivana Solai, Agaya Gangai, Enga Ooru Pattukaran, Anna Nagar Muthal Theru and Chinna Mapillai. Her debut movie was Panam Tharum Parisu, released in 1965. She has acted in more than 200 films and 5000 dramas. She won the Kalaimamani award in 1985.

Kalaimamani
The Kalaimamani (lit. 'Jewel of Arts') is the highest civilian award in the state of Tamil Nadu, India. These awards are given by the Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Mandram (literature, music and theatre), a unit of the Directorate of Art and Culture, Government of Tamil Nadu, to recognise artists in the state for their achievements.

The Tamil Nadu government has appointed dancer Chitra Visweswaran as the secretary of Tamil Nadu Iyal Isai Nataka Manram. Film music director Deva is its chairman.
Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC
The Alexander Dennis Enviro200 MMC, also marketed as the Alexander Dennis Enviro200, is a single-decker city bus produced by British manufacturer Alexander Dennis since 2014 as the successor to the Enviro200 midibus and Enviro300 full-size bus.

The Enviro200 MMC is available over a range of lengths, including 8.9 metres, 9.7 metres, 10.8 metres and 11.5/11.8 metres, as an integral twin-axle midibus or full-size bus. Additionally, the 12.7 metre tri-axle Enviro200 XLB is offered in the New Zealand market. The Enviro200 MMC bodywork is also available as an all-electric bus, known as the Alexander Dennis Enviro200EV, built on a BYD Auto battery electric chassis. Notably, some Enviro200 MMCs have also been modified by Fusion Processing to be used as the basis for the first driverless bus trials in the United Kingdom.

Battery electric bus
A battery electric bus is an electric bus that is driven by an electric motor and obtains energy from on-board batteries. Many trolleybuses use batteries as an auxiliary or emergency power source.

Battery electric buses offer the potential for zero-emissions, in addition to much quieter operation and better acceleration compared to traditional buses. They also eliminate infrastructure needed for a constant grid connection and allow routes to be modified without infrastructure changes, in contrast with a trolleybus. They typically recover braking energy to increase efficiency by a regenerative brake. With energy consumption of about 1.2 kW⋅h/km (4.3 MJ/km; 1.9 kW⋅h/mi), the cost of ownership is lower than diesel buses.

In 2018, the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) found that total operating costs per mile of an electric bus fleet in the United States in some cases may be less expensive than a diesel bus fleet.
United States women's World University Games basketball team
The USA Women’s World University Games Team is one of the teams under the auspices of the USA Basketball organization. The Universiade is an international, multi-sport event for university students, generally held every other year since 1959. It is second only to the Olympics in number of participants. The United States has participated in women's basketball since their first participation in 1973 at the VII Summer Universiade. USA Basketball has organized the participation except for 2003 and 2007. In 2003 an All-Star team selected from the Big 12 Conference represented the US in Daegu, South Korea. In 2007, the Charlotte 49ers, the basketball team at the University of North Carolina at Charlotte, represented the USA in Bangkok, Thailand.

The 2015 World University Games were held in Seoul, South Korea July 5–13, 2015. The head coach of the USA team was Joe McKeown, while Holly Warlick and Tanya Warren were the assistant coaches. The USA won the gold medal.

FISU World University Games
The FISU World University Games, formerly the Universiade, is an international multi-sport event, organized for university athletes by the International University Sports Federation (FISU). The former name is a portmanteau of the words "University" and "Olympiad".

The Universiade is referred to in English as the World University Games or World Student Games; however, this latter term can also refer to competitions for sub-University grades students. In July 2020 as part of a new branding system by the FISU, it was stated that the Universiade was to be officially branded as the FISU World University Games.

The most recent summer event was the 2025 Summer World University Games held in Rhine-Ruhr region, Germany held from 16-27 July 2025, while the most recent winter event was the 2025 Winter World University Games held in Turin, Italy from 13 to 23 January 2025.
Kagney Linn Karter
Kagney Linn Karter (March 28, 1987 – February 15, 2024) was an American pornographic film actress and exotic dancer. After moving to California from Missouri to pursue an acting and singing career, she posed for erotic photographer Holly Randall and appeared in adult films from Naughty America and Elegant Angel. In 2010, she became an exclusive contract performer for Zero Tolerance Entertainment. She also appeared in the magazines Penthouse and Hustler.

Zero Tolerance Entertainment
Zero Tolerance Entertainment is an American independent pornographic film studio. The studios Third Degree Films, Black Ice and Diabolic Video are divisions of Zero Tolerance. The studio's films are generally classed as Gonzo pornography.
Coop (Italy)
Coop is a system of Italian consumers' cooperatives which operates one of the largest supermarket chains in Italy. Its headquarters are located in Casalecchio di Reno, Province of Bologna.

The first cooperative shop was established in Turin in 1854.
As of 2010, Coop's system operates with 115 consumers' cooperatives of various sizes (9 large, 14 medium, and 92 small), with  1,444 shops, 56,682 employees, more than 7,429,847 members, and an annual revenue of €12.9 billion.

On the 1st of July, 2025, the cooperatives Coop Centro Italia (operating in the provinces of Arezzo, Siena, Perugia, Terni, Rieti, L'Aquila) and Unicoop Tirreno (operating in the provinces of Massa-Carrara, Lucca, Livorno, Grosseto, Siena, Terni, Viterbo, Rome, Latina, Frosinone, Naples, Avellino) fused to form Unicoop Etruria.

Province of Latina
The province of Latina (Italian: provincia di Latina) is a province in the Lazio region of Italy. Its provincial capital is the city of Latina. It is bordered by the provinces of Frosinone to the northeast and by the Metropolitan City of Rome Capital to the northwest.

It has an area of 2,251 square kilometres (869 mi2) and a population of 561,189 (2012). The province contains comuni (sg.: comune).
Span (unit)
A span is the distance measured by a human hand, from the tip of the thumb to the tip of the little finger. In ancient times, a span was considered to be half a cubit. Sometimes the distinction is made between the great span or full span (thumb to little finger) and little span or short span (thumb to index finger, or index finger to little finger).

Cubit
The cubit is an ancient unit of length based on the distance from the elbow to the tip of the middle finger. It was primarily associated with the Sumerians, Egyptians, and Israelites. The term cubit is found in the Bible regarding Noah's Ark, the Ark of the Covenant, the Tabernacle, and Solomon's Temple. The common cubit was divided into 6 palms × 4 fingers = 24 digits. Royal cubits added a palm for 7 palms × 4 fingers = 28 digits. These lengths typically ranged from 44.4 to 52.92 cm (1 ft 5+1⁄2 in to 1 ft 8+13⁄16 in), with an ancient Roman cubit being as long as 120 cm (3 ft 11 in).

Cubits of various lengths were employed in many parts of the world in antiquity, during the Middle Ages and as recently as early modern times. The term is still used in hedgelaying, the length of the forearm being frequently used to determine the interval between stakes placed within the hedge.
Dora Metcalf
Dora Stuart Primrose Metcalf (11 March 1892 – 17 October 1982) was an India-born Irish entrepreneur, mathematician and computing pioneer. During World War I she was a comptometer operator in a munitions factory during which time she realised the potential in the mechanical descendants of the abacus. During World War II she was involved with supplying the "bombe" decryption machines to the codebreakers at Bletchley Park in England.

Bletchley Park
Bletchley Park is an English country house and estate in Bletchley, Milton Keynes (Buckinghamshire), that became the principal centre of Allied code-breaking during the Second World War. During World War II, the estate housed the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), which regularly penetrated the secret communications of the Axis powers –  most importantly the German Enigma and Lorenz ciphers. The GC&CS team of codebreakers included John Tiltman, Dilwyn Knox, Alan Turing, Harry Golombek, Gordon Welchman, Hugh Alexander, Donald Michie, Bill Tutte and Stuart Milner-Barry.

The team at Bletchley Park, 75% women, devised automatic machinery to help with decryption, culminating in the development of Colossus, the world's first programmable digital electronic computer. Codebreaking operations at Bletchley Park ended in 1946 and all information about the wartime operations was classified until the mid-1970s. After the war it had various uses and now houses the Bletchley Park museum.
Sherri Henry
Sherri Malaika Ayesha Henry (born April 12, 1982 in Castries) is a retired Saint Lucian swimmer, who specialized in sprint freestyle events. Henry became one of the first ever swimmers alongside Jamie Peterkin to represent Saint Lucia at the 2000 Summer Olympics.

Henry competed only in the women's 50 m freestyle at the 2000 Summer Olympics in Sydney. She received a ticket from FINA, under a Universality program, in an entry time of 29.99. She challenged seven other swimmers in heat three, including Nigeria's top favorite Ngozi Monu and Aruba's 15-year-old teen Roshendra Vrolijk. She posted a lifetime best and a Saint Lucian record of 28.81 to scorch the field with a quick pace for the fourth seed. Henry failed to advance into the semifinals, as she placed sixtieth overall out of 74 swimmers in the prelims.

Jamie Peterkin
Jamie Peterkin (born 28 February 1982) is a Saint Lucian swimmer. He swam for Saint Lucia in the 2000 Summer Olympics, finishing 59th in the 50-meter freestyle. He is a member of the University of Kentucky swimming team, specializing in the 50- and 100-meter freestyle events.
Houston Stallions
The Houston Stallions were a professional indoor football team that competed in the Lone Star Football League (LSFL). Based in Houston, Texas, the Stallions played their home games at the Merrell Center in Katy, Texas.

Rio Grande Valley Magic
The Rio Grande Valley Magic were a professional indoor football team based in Hidalgo, Texas. The Magic were charter members of the Lone Star Football League (LSFL) in 2012, after playing as an expansion team in the Southern Indoor Football League (SIFL) in 2011. The Magic played their home games at the State Farm Arena.