hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Bernard de Wisk
Bernard de Wisk was a mercenary captain and sometime brigand of the Hundred Years War.

Wisk started out a mercenary. However, after the Treaty of Brétigny was signed on 8 May 1360, Wisk found himself unemployed and so turned to Brigandry. that ranged the French country side pillaging towns.

In 1369, with Bernardon and Hortingo de la Salle, he seized Belleperche Castle, home to Isabella of Valois, Duchess of Bourbon, mother-in-law of the king, Charles V of France and demanded a ransom.

The castle was, however, besieged by the troops of the Dukes of Bourbon and Burgundy. The Duke of Bourbon (Louis II, Duke of Bourbon) was her son, and John Frossart tells us that the siege redoubt he organized was "as strong and as well fortified as a good town might have been".  The "Free companies" in the castle were expelled, but they took the duchess with them as hostage.

The Duchess remained a prisoner until 1372, when the king arranged for the ransom to be paid.

Duke of Bourbon
Duke of Bourbon (French: Duc de Bourbon) is a title in the peerage of France. It was created in the first half of the 14th century for the eldest son of Robert of France, Count of Clermont, and Beatrice of Burgundy, heiress of the lordship of Bourbon. In 1416, with the death of John of Valois, the Dukes of Bourbon were simultaneously Dukes of Auvergne.

Although the senior line came to an end in 1527, the cadet branch of La Marche-Vendome would later succeed to the French throne as the Royal House of Bourbon, which would later spread out to other kingdoms and duchies in Europe. After this date, the title was given to several Princes of Condé and sons of the French Royal family.
Legatissimo
Legatissimo (foaled 22 April 2012) is a British-bred Irish-trained Thoroughbred racehorse. After showing some promise as a juvenile, she showed marked improvement in the spring of 2015 and recorded her first major success in the 1000 Guineas. On her next appearance she was narrowly beaten when favourite for The Oaks. After another narrow defeat in the Pretty Polly Stakes she returned to top form to win the Nassau Stakes and the Matron Stakes

Pretty Polly Stakes
The Pretty Polly Stakes is a Group 1 flat horse race in Ireland open to thoroughbred fillies and mares aged three years or older. It is run at the Curragh over a distance of 1 mile and 2 furlongs (2,012 metres), and it is scheduled to take place each year in late June or early July.
Amazons (card game)
Amazons is an old patience or card solitaire game which is played with a single deck of playing cards. The game is played with a Piquet pack minus the kings or a standard 52-card pack that has its twos, threes, fours, fives, sixes, and kings removed. This game is named after the female-led tribe, the Amazons, because the queen is the highest card, and all queens are displayed if the game is won.

Solitaire
Solitaire, patience, or card solitaire refer to a genre of card games whose common feature is that the aim is to arrange the cards in some systematic order or, in a few cases, to pair them off in order to discard them. Most are intended for play by a single player, but there are varieties for two or more players.
Club de Radio Aficionados de El Salvador
The Club de Radio Aficionados de El Salvador (CRAS) (n English, El Salvador Amateur Radio Club) is a national non-profit organization for amateur radio enthusiasts in El Salvador.   Key membership benefits of the CRAS include a QSL bureau for those amateur radio operators in regular communications with other amateur radio operators in foreign countries, and a network to support amateur radio emergency communications.  CRAS represents the interests of El Salvadoran amateur radio operators before El Salvadoran and international regulatory authorities.  CRAS is the national member society representing El Salvador in the International Amateur Radio Union.

International Amateur Radio Union
The International Amateur Radio Union (IARU) is an international confederation of national organisations that allows a forum for common matters of concern to amateur radio operators worldwide, and collectively represents matters to the International Telecommunication Union (ITU). The International Amateur Radio Union was founded in 1925 and, as of July 2021, it is composed of 174 national member societies.
Mill Creek (Opequon Creek tributary)
Mill Creek is a 14.5-mile-long (23.3 km) tributary of Opequon Creek, belonging to the Potomac River and Chesapeake Bay watersheds, located in Berkeley County in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle.  Its name reflects its past as a popular site for various types of mills, beginning with one constructed by Morgan Morgan in the mid-18th century near his cabin in present-day Bunker Hill.

Opequon Creek
Opequon Creek (historically also Opecken) is an approximately 35 mile  tributary stream of the Potomac River. It was originally known by the Indians and settlers as a river and was historically called Opequon River as a result  It flows into the Potomac northeast of Martinsburg in Berkeley County, West Virginia, and its source lies northwest of the community of Opequon at the foot of Great North Mountain in Frederick County, Virginia. The Opequon forms part of the boundary between Frederick and Clarke counties in Virginia and also partially forms the boundary between Berkeley and Jefferson counties in West Virginia's Eastern Panhandle.

Opequon is a name derived from an unidentified local Native American language.
Egypt Run (Pennsylvania)
Egypt Run is a small tributary of the White Clay Creek in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. The stream flows through rural and semi-suburban areas of southern Chester County, draining portions of New Garden Township and London Britain Township before joining White Clay Creek.

The headwaters of Egypt Run are located near the Pennsylvania–Delaware border. The stream flows generally northward through agricultural land, wooded areas, and low-density residential development before reaching its confluence with White Clay Creek in London Britain Township.

Egypt Run is part of the greater White Clay Creek watershed, which has been designated as a component of the National Wild and Scenic River system due to its ecological, scenic, and historical significance. While Egypt Run itself is not individually designated, it contributes to the hydrology and water quality of the protected watershed.

White Clay Creek
White Clay Creek is an 18.5-mile-long (29.8 km) tributary of the Christina River in southern Pennsylvania and northern Delaware in the United States. It is renowned for its scenic character and is largely federally protected.

The 107-square-mile (280 km2) White Clay Creek watershed is home to nearly 100,000 people and includes parts of Chester County, Pennsylvania and New Castle County, Delaware. The Pennsylvania portion still retains a rural character while the Delaware portion is more suburbanized. Sediment eroded from the rolling hills of Chester County is carried into the White Clay, probably accounting for the creek's name.

The majority of the stream is in the Piedmont region which is characterized by rolling hills, plateaus, and stream valleys. The southern portion of the stream, near Newark is in the Atlantic Coastal Plain, a relatively flat area that is dotted with large tidal wetlands. The White Clay Creek empties into the Christina River at Churchman's Marsh.
Clan Tailyour
Clan Tailyour, also known as Clan Taylor, is a Scottish clan. The clan is recognized by the Lord Lyon King of Arms but it does not currently have a clan chief therefore it is considered an armigerous clan. The surname Taylor is also considered a sept of the Clan Cameron of the Scottish Highlands who are descendants of Taillear Dubh na Tuaighe (b.1550), see: Taylor sept.

Armigerous clan
An armigerous clan (from armiger) is a Scottish clan, family or name which is registered with the Court of the Lord Lyon and once had a chief who bore undifferenced arms, but does not have a chief currently recognised as such by Lyon Court.

Before 1745, all chiefs had arms; however, not all of these are recorded in the Public Register of All Arms and Bearings in Scotland, which was established in 1672.
Goulburn (Mars)
Goulburn, also known as Goulburn Scour, is a rock outcrop on the surface of Aeolis Palus, between Peace Vallis and Aeolis Mons ("Mount Sharp"), in Gale crater on the planet Mars.  The outcrop was encountered by the Curiosity rover on landing at the Bradbury Landing on August 6, 2012 (the 1st sol of the mission) and is named after a two-billion year-old sequence of rocks in Northern Canada.  The "approximate" site coordinates are: 4°35′S 137°26′E﻿ / ﻿4.59°S 137.44°E﻿ / -4.59; 137.44.

The outcrop is a well-sorted gravel conglomerate, containing well-rounded, smooth, abraded pebbles. Occasional pebbles up to a few centimeters across are embedded in amongst a matrix of finer rounded particles, up to a centimeter across. It has been interpreted as a fluvial sediment, deposited by a vigorously flowing stream, probably between ankle and waist deep. This stream is part of an ancient alluvial fan, which descends from the steep terrain at the rim of Gale crater across its floor.

Aeolis Palus
Aeolis Palus is a plain between the northern wall of Gale crater and the northern foothills of Aeolis Mons (Mount Sharp) on Mars. It is located at 4°28′S 137°25′E﻿ / ﻿4.47°S 137.42°E﻿ / -4.47; 137.42.

The NASA Mars Science Laboratory mission landed the Curiosity rover on Aeolis Palus in August 2012. Curiosity spent two (Earth) years exploring the plain as it drove towards Aeolis Mons. The rover left the plain in September 2014 when it reached the mountain's foothills.
Golf etiquette
Golf etiquette refers to a set of rules and practices designed to make the game of golf safer and more enjoyable for golfers and to minimize possible damage to golf equipment and courses. Although many of these practices are not part of the formal rules of golf, golfers are customarily expected to observe them. The R&A rule book states that "[t]he overriding principle is that consideration should be shown to others on the course at all times."

Glossary of golf
The following is a glossary of the terminology currently used in the sport of golf. Where words in a sentence are also defined elsewhere in this article, they appear in italics.  Old names for clubs can be found at Obsolete golf clubs.
Chooi Kah Ming
Andrew Chooi Kah Ming (Chinese: 徐家銘; Jyutping: Ceoi4 Gaa1 Ming4; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhî Ka-bêng; born 25 February 1991) is a Malaysian retired badminton player. He won the boys' doubles title at the 2009 World Junior Championships partnered with Ow Yao Han. Chooi played with several partners but it was with Ow that he secured his career best by finishing runners-up at the 2012 Malaysia Open Grand Prix Gold. Their highest ranking was number 25 in May 2013. Chooi retired from badminton in 2019, and started a new career as an entrepreneur.

Ow Yao Han
Ow Yao Han (Chinese: 區耀漢; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: O͘ Iāu-hàn;born 19 April 1992) is a Malaysian badminton player. He won two gold medals in the boys' doubles event at the BWF World Junior Championships in 2009 and 2010.
Evelyn Fuentebella
Evelyn Buquid Fuentebella (born September 15, 1945) widely known as Nanay Belen, is the Municipal Mayor of Sagñay in the province of  Camarines Sur, Philippines, serving from 2010 until 2019. She is the wife of former Speaker of the Philippine House of Representatives Arnulfo Fuentebella.

Sagñay
Sagñay, [saˈŋaj], officially the Municipality of Sagñay (Central Bikol: Banwaan kan Sagñay; Tagalog: Bayan ng Sagñay), is a municipality in the province of Camarines Sur in the Philippines. According to the 2024 census, it has a population of 37,087 people.
Idhu Unga Kudumbam
Idhu Unga Kudumbam (transl. This is your family) is a 1989 Indian Tamil-language film directed by S.Umesh, starring Raghuvaran, Radhika and Urvashi. The film was released on 14 April 1989, and became a hit. It was remade in Kannada as Balina Daari.

Raghuvaran
Raghuvaran Velayuthan Nair (11 December 1958 – 19 March 2008) was an Indian actor who predominantly acted in films made in South India. He has acted in more than 200 Tamil, Telugu, Malayalam, Kannada and Hindi films. According to the Hindustan Times, "the actor had carved a niche for himself with his special style and voice modulation."

He played the protagonist of a Tamil soap opera, Oru Manithanin Kathai, about a well-to-do man who becomes an alcoholic. He received critical acclaim for his role as Father Alphonso in the Malayalam movie Daivathinte Vikruthikal, directed by Lenin Rajendran and based on M. Mukundan's novel of the same name.

Raghuvaran's six-song music album, composed and sung by him, were officially released by actor Rajinikanth and the album was received by actress Rohini and Raghuvaran's son Rishi Varan.
Roger Hervey
Sir Roger Blaise Ramsay Hervey, KCVO, CMG (born 1934) is a retired British diplomat.

He entered HM Diplomatic Service in 1958 and went on to serve as First Secretary at the British Embassy in Colombia (1974–75) before he was appointed Counsellor firstly at the Foreign and Commonwealth Office in 1976, then at the British Embassy in the Netherlands in 1979; after three years there, he was posted to Spain as Minister in Madrid, before serving as Vice-Marshal of the Diplomatic Corps from 1986 to 1991. He was then the British Ambassador to Mexico from 1992 to 1994. Hervey was appointed a Companion of the Order of St Michael and St George in the 1980 New Year Honours, and a Knight Commander of the Royal Victorian Order in 1991.

Diplomatic rank
Diplomatic rank is a system of professional and social rank used in the world of diplomacy and international relations. A diplomat's rank determines many ceremonial details, such as the order of precedence at official processions, table seatings at state dinners, the person to whom diplomatic credentials should be presented, and the title by which the diplomat should be addressed.
Guwahati–Dibrugarh Shatabdi Express
Guwahati-Dibrugarh Shatabdi Express was a Shatabdi Express category type of service belonging to Northeast Frontier Railway zone that ran between Guwahati and Dibrugarh in India.

It operated as train number 12085 from Guwahati to Dibrugarh and as train number 12086 in the reverse direction serving the states of Assam and Nagaland.

Northeast Frontier Railway zone
The Northeast Frontier Railway (abbreviated NFR) is one of the 19 railway zones of the Indian Railways. It is headquartered in Maligaon, Guwahati in the state of Assam, and responsible for operation and expansion of rail network all across Northeastern states and some districts of eastern Bihar and northern West Bengal.
Machame
Machame or Kingdom of Machame (Isarile ya Mashame in Kichagga; Ufalme wa Machame in Swahili) was a historic sovereign Chagga state located in modern day Machame Kaskazini ward in Hai District of Kilimanjaro Region in Tanzania. Historically, the Machame kingdom was in 1889 referred by Hans Meyer as a great African giant, the kingdom was also the largest and most populous of all the Chagga sovereign states on Kilimanjaro, whose most powerful ruler Mangi Rengua as early as 1849 was reckoned as a giant African king with influence extending throughout all Chagga states except Rombo.

Hai District, Kilimanjaro
Hai  is one of the seven districts of the Kilimanjaro Region of Tanzania.The district covers approximately 1,217 square kilometres (470 mi2).  It is bordered to the southwest by the Meru District of Arusha Region, to the west by the Siha District, and to the east by the Moshi Urban District and Moshi Rural District and the Rombo District to the far north.
The western breach part of Mount Kilimanjaro is located in the Hai District.
According to the 2022 census, the population of the Hai District was 240,999.
Algerian literature
Algerian literature has been influenced by many cultures, including the ancient Romans, Arabs, French, Spanish, and Berbers. The dominant languages in Algerian literature are French and Arabic.

Modern notable Algerian writers include Kateb Yacine, Rachid Mimouni, Mouloud Mammeri, Mouloud Feraoun, Assia Djebar and Mohammed Dib.

Since 1956, more than 100 novels, memoirs and poetry collections authored have been translated into English.

Mohammed Dib
Mohammed Dib (Arabic: محمد ديب; 21 July 1920 – 2 May 2003) was an Algerian author. He wrote over 30 novels, as well as numerous short stories, poems, and children's literature in the French language. His work covers the breadth of 20th century Algerian history, focusing on Algeria's fight for independence.
Verspah Oita
Verspah Oita (ヴェルスパ大分, Verusupa Ōita) is a Japanese football club based in the city of Ōita, capital of Ōita Prefecture. They currently play in the Japan Football League, the fourth tier of Japanese league football. The 2025 season is their 14th consecutive season in the JFL.

Ōita (city)
Ōita (大分市, Ōita-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [oꜜː.i.ta, oː-, oː.i.taꜜ.ɕi]) is the capital city of Ōita Prefecture, located on the island of Kyushu, Japan. As of 30 November 2023, the city had an estimated population of 474,804 in 230,867 households, and a  population density of 950 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 502.38 km2 (193.97 sq mi).
Anthony Perruzza
Anthony Perruzza (/pəˈruːtsə/ ⓘ pə-ROOT-sə, Italian: [perˈruttsa]; born 1959 or 1960) is a Canadian politician who has served on Toronto City Council since 2006. He currently represents Ward 7 Humber River—Black Creek. Perruzza was a North York councillor from 1988 to 1990, and served in the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1990 to 1995 as a member of the New Democratic Party (NDP).  Perruzza was a candidate for mayor of Toronto in the 2023 by-election, placing tenth.

2023 Toronto mayoral by-election
The 2023 Toronto mayoral by-election was held on Monday, June 26, 2023, to elect the 66th mayor of Toronto to serve the remainder of the 2022–2026 city council term following the resignation of Mayor John Tory. The election was won by Olivia Chow, a former city councillor and member of Parliament (MP). She defeated former deputy mayor Ana Bailão, former police chief Mark Saunders, and 99 other candidates. Chow assumed office on July 12, 2023.

On February 10, 2023, Mayor Tory announced his intention to resign following the admission of an affair with a staffer; he left office on February 17, 2023. The deputy mayor, Jennifer McKelvie, assumed certain mayoral powers and was the highest ranking official in the city until a permanent successor was elected. The nomination period for candidates opened on April 3, 2023, closing on May 12, with 102 registered candidates.
Freedom & Unity (album)
Freedom & Unity is an album by valve trombonist Clifford Thornton. It was recorded in July 1967 at Sound City Studios in New York City, and was released by Third World Records in 1969. On the album, Thornton is joined by members of the Clifford Thornton New Art Ensemble: saxophonist Sonny King, trumpeter Joe McPhee, cornetist Edward Avent, vibraphonist Karl Berger, bassists Don Moore, Jimmy Garrison, and Tyrone Crabb, and drummer Harold (Nunding) Avent.

Karl Berger
Karl Hans Berger (March 30, 1935 – April 9, 2023) was a German-American jazz pianist, vibraphonist, composer, and educator. He was a leading figure in jazz improvisation from the 1960s when he settled in the United States for life. He founded the educational Creative Music Studio in Woodstock, New York, in 1972 with his wife and Ornette Coleman, to encourage international students to pursue their own ideas about music.
The Room (Six Feet Under)
"The Room" is the sixth episode of the first season of the American drama television series Six Feet Under. The episode was written by producer Christian Taylor, and directed by Rodrigo García. It originally aired on HBO on July 8, 2001.

The series is set in Los Angeles, and depicts the lives of the Fisher family, who run a funeral home, along with their friends and lovers. It explores the conflicts that arise after the family's patriarch, Nathaniel, dies in a car accident. In the episode, Nate discovers that his father had a secret room unbeknownst to the family, while David reluctantly goes on a date.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 5.29 million household viewers and gained a Nielsen household rating of 3.7. The episode received critical acclaim, who praised the performances, writing, and themes.

Rodrigo García (director)
Rodrigo García Barcha (born 24 August 1959) is a Colombian and Mexican television and film director, screenwriter, author and former cinematographer, best known for his films Nine Lives (2005), Mother and Child (2009), Albert Nobbs (2011), Last Days in the Desert (2015), as well as his work on the HBO drama series In Treatment. He also created, wrote, and directed the award-winning web series Blue (2012–2015), starring Julia Stiles, for which he won an IAWTV Award in 2014. In 2021 García released his first memoir, A Farewell to Gabo and Mercedes: A Son's Memoir of Gabriel García Márquez and Mercedes Barcha.
FIA Formula 3 European Championship
The FIA Formula 3 European Championship was a European Formula Three (F3) auto racing competition, organised by the Fédération Internationale de l'Automobile (FIA). After one season of the FIA Formula 3 International Trophy, the FIA revived the FIA Formula 3 European Championship. The ten-event season included seven Formula 3 Euro Series rounds, two British Formula Three rounds and DTM-supporting round at Brands Hatch. From 2013, the series started running its own rounds, based upon the defunct Formula 3 Euro Series.

In 2019, the series merged with the GP3 Series to form the FIA Formula 3 Championship, and was due to relaunch as the Formula European Masters and run in support of the Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters. The championship was cancelled ahead of its debut season due to lack of competitors. The championship would have used the current spec cars and were working with Dallara to design a new car for 2020, but it was replaced by GT4-based series, DTM Trophy as the successor.

Formula Three
Formula Three (F3) is a third-tier class of open-wheel formula racing. The various championships held in Europe, Australia, South America and Asia form an important step for many prospective Formula One drivers.
Suratissa
Suratissa (Sinhala:සූරතිස්ස) was an early monarch of Sri Lanka in the Kingdom of Anuradhapura, based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura from 247 BC to 237 BC. He was a son of Mutasiva and a brother of Devanampiya Tissa, Uttiya, Mahasiva, Asela and Mahanaga. Suratissa was defeated and killed in battle by two South Indian Tamil invaders Sena and Guttika who usurped the Sinhalese throne and held power over Anuradhapura. This marked the first historically recorded instance of Tamil rule in Sri Lanka. Sinhala rule was re-established in 215 BC by Suratissa's younger brother Asela.

Uttiya
Uttiya (Sinhala: උත්තිය, [uttijə]) was an early monarch of Sri Lanka of the Kingdom of Anuradhapura, based at the ancient capital of Anuradhapura from 267 BC to 257 BC. As Devanampiya Tissa had no son, his brother Uttiya succeeded to the throne.

The death of Arahat Mahinda, who had brought Theravāda Buddhism to Sri Lanka occurred in king Uttiya's reign period. The king held a grand funeral, and built a chetiya where Arahat Mahinda was cremated. Theri Sangamitta also died; her funeral was conducted with similar grandeur, and a stupa was erected at the place of her cremation.