hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Margrave Charles Magnus of Baden-Durlach
Margrave Charles Magnus of Baden-Durlach (27 March 1621 at Karlsburg Castle in Durlach – 29 November 1658, ibid.) was a titular Margrave of Baden.

Charles Magnus was the son from his first marriage of Margrave Frederick V of Baden and Barbara of Württemberg (4 December 1593 – 8 May 1627), the daughter of the Duke Frederick I of Württemberg.

He married on 23 January 1650 in Schillingsfürst with Countess Marie Juliane of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg (23 March 1622 – 1675), the daughter of Count George Frederick II of Hohenlohe-Waldenburg.  They had the following children:

Charles Frederick (11 January 1651 – 5 October 1676), a member of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta

Charlotte Sophie (13 September 1652 – 18 January 1678)

married on 24 February 1676 Count Emich XIV of Leiningen-Hartenburg (6 February 1649 – 13 December 1684)

Barbara Eleanor (12 June 1657 – 4 November 1658)

Friedericke Christine (1658 – March 1659)

Margrave
In the German nobility, margrave was a rank equivalent to marquess. It originated as the medieval title for the military commander assigned to maintain the defence of one of the border provinces of the Holy Roman Empire or a kingdom. That position became hereditary in certain feudal families in the Empire and the title came to be borne by rulers of some Imperial principalities until the abolition of the Empire in 1806 (e.g., Margrave of Brandenburg, Margrave of Baden). Thereafter, those domains (originally known as marks or marches, later as margraviates or margravates) were absorbed into larger realms or the titleholders adopted titles indicative of full sovereignty.
Lyman W. Porter
Lyman William Porter (c. 1930 – July 2, 2015) was an American academic administrator. He was the dean of the Paul Merage School of Business at the University of California, Irvine from 1972 to 1983. He was the co-author of many books of management, and "one of the primary founders of the study of organizational behavior."

Organizational behavior
Organizational behavior or organisational behaviour (see spelling differences) is the "study of human behavior in organizational settings, the interface between human behavior and the organization, and the organization itself". Organizational behavioral research can be categorized in at least three ways:

individuals in organizations (micro-level)

work groups (meso-level)

how organizations behave (macro-level)

Chester Barnard recognized that individuals behave differently when acting in their organizational role than when acting separately from the organization. Organizational behavior researchers study the behavior of individuals primarily in their organizational roles. One of the main goals of organizational behavior research is "to revitalize organizational theory and develop a better conceptualization of organizational life".
Vision Thing (Big Love)
"Vision Thing" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American drama television series Big Love. It is the seventeenth overall episode of the series and was written by Eileen Myers, and directed by Burr Steers. It originally aired on HBO on July 9, 2007.

The series is set in Salt Lake City and follows Bill Henrickson, a fundamentalist Mormon. He practices polygamy, having Barbara, Nicki and Margie as his wives. The series charts the family's life in and out of the public sphere in their suburb, as well as their associations with a fundamentalist compound in the area. In the episode, Bill finds himself attracted to a waitress, while Joey meets his potential new wife.

According to Nielsen Media Research, the episode was seen by an estimated 1.86 million household viewers and gained a 0.9/3 ratings share among adults aged 18–49. The episode received positive reviews from critics, who praised the character development in the episode.

Nicolette Grant
Nicolette Eugenia "Nicki" Grant is a character in Big Love, an HBO television series set among contemporary polygamists in Utah. The role is played by Chloë Sevigny. The show focuses on the family of Bill Henrickson; Nicki is the second of Henrickson's three wives, and the mother of three of his children: Cara Lynn (with JJ Walker), Wayne, and Raymond.
Breitbach's Country Dining
Breitbach's Country Dining is a casual dining restaurant and bar located in the town of Balltown in Dubuque County, Iowa, United States.  Breitbach's is the oldest continuously operating restaurant and bar in the state of Iowa, having been open since August 23, 1852.  The establishment has been owned and operated by the Breitbach family since 1862.  The current owner is Mike Breitbach.

Breitbach's is located at 563 Balltown Road in Balltown.  The place offers classic Midwestern dishes, including German ethnic foods such as sauerkraut, sausage, and coleslaw. It has been featured in an episode of Food Network's Feasting on Asphalt 2: The River Run, which showcased the restaurant's quality pies, as well as the 2012 documentary Spinning Plates.

Dubuque County, Iowa
Dubuque County is a county located in the U.S. state of Iowa. As of the 2020 census, the population was 99,266, and was estimated to be 99,242 in 2024, making it the ninth-most populous county in Iowa. The county seat is Dubuque. The county is named for Julien Dubuque, the first European settler of Iowa. Dubuque County comprises the Dubuque, IA Metropolitan statistical area.
Supersonic gas separation
Supersonic gas separation is a technology to remove one or several gaseous components out of a mixed gas (typically raw natural gas). The process condensates the target components by cooling the gas through expansion in a Laval nozzle and then separates the condensates from the dried gas through an integrated cyclonic gas/liquid separator. The separator is only using a part of the field pressure as energy and has technical and commercial advantages when compared to commonly used conventional technologies.

De Laval nozzle
A de Laval nozzle (or convergent–divergent nozzle, CD nozzle or con–di nozzle) is a tube that is pinched in the middle with a rapid convergence and gradual divergence. It is used to accelerate a compressible fluid to supersonic speeds in the axial (thrust) direction, by converting the thermal energy of the flow into kinetic energy. De Laval nozzles are widely used in some types of steam turbines and rocket engine nozzles. It also sees use in supersonic jet engines.

Similar flow properties have been applied to jet streams within astrophysics.
T. V. Carpio
Teresa Victoria Carpio (born 5 April 1981) is an American actress and singer. She is best known for her breakthrough role as Prudence in the film Across the Universe (2007), in which she sang the Beatles song "I Want to Hold Your Hand". She gained further recognition for playing Valerie in the feature film Limitless (2011) and Shelby Prince in the Lifetime television series The Client List (2013).

She is also known for her starring roles in theatre, including Arachne in the original Broadway production of Spider-Man: Turn Off the Dark (2011) and Eurydice in the Citadel Theatre production of Hadestown (2017).

Arachne
Arachne (/əˈrækniː/ ⓘ; from Ancient Greek: Ἀράχνη, romanized: Arákhnē, lit. 'spider', cognate with Latin araneus) is the protagonist of a tale in classical mythology known primarily from the version told by the Roman poet Ovid (43  BCE–17  CE). In Book Six of his epic poem Metamorphoses, Ovid recounts how the talented mortal Arachne challenged the goddess Minerva to a weaving contest. When Minerva could find no flaws in the tapestry Arachne had woven for the contest, the goddess became enraged and beat the girl with her shuttle. After Arachne hanged herself out of shame, she was transformed into a spider. The myth both provided an etiology of spiders' web-spinning abilities and was a cautionary tale about hubris.
Côtes-du-Rhône Villages AOC
Côtes-du-Rhône Villages (French pronunciation: [kot dy ʁon vilaʒ]) is a French wine Appellation d'Origine Contrôlée (AOC) produced in 95 settlements in the departments of the Ardèche, the Drôme, the Gard, and the Vaucluse in the southern Rhône wine region of France. Red, white and rosé wine are all produced within the appellation but not by all the named AOC villages, with the red wines being the predominant carrier of the distinction. The quality is superior to the generic Côtes-du-Rhône AOC, but below more specific appellations such as Châteauneuf-du-Pape AOC and Vacqueyras AOC. Côtes-du-Rhône Villages is the second largest appellation in the Rhône, only surpassed in size by Côtes-du-Rhône AOC.

Ardèche
Ardèche (French pronunciation: [aʁdɛʃ] ⓘ; Occitan: Ardecha, pronounced [aɾˈdet͡ʃɔ]; Arpitan: Ardecha) is a department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Southeastern France. It is named after the river Ardèche and had a population of 328,278 as of 2019. Its prefecture is in Privas, but its largest city is Annonay.
Benoit Blin
Benoit Blin (born 17 October 1967) is a French pastry chef and food judge.  After serving two apprenticeships and national service in the French Navy, Blin worked at the Normandy Hotel and the Hôtel Ritz Paris in Paris.  In 1995 he was persuaded by Raymond Blanc to join the staff of his Le Manoir aux Quat'Saisons restaurant in England and has remained there ever since.  Blin has judged competitions including the Royal Academy of Culinary Arts' Master of Culinary Arts and, since 2016, has been a judge on the television show Bake Off: The Professionals.  He published his first cookbook in 2024.

Royal Academy of Culinary Arts
Royal Academy of Culinary Arts (RACA) is an associate member of the network of EHL-Certified Schools is a non-profit private Jordanian institution, It was founded in 2008.

The Royal Academy of Culinary Arts opened as a Campus of Les Roches Global Hospitality Education, as the first culinary school managed and operated by them in the world. The Royal Academy of Culinary Arts (RACA) has entered into a partnership with Ecole Hôtelière de Lausanne, one of the oldest Hospitality Management schools in the world. The curriculum is entirely taught in English.
2009 Vanuatuan presidential election
An indirect presidential election was held in Vanuatu on 1 September and 2 September 2009. The electors are the 52 MPs and the six heads of provincial governments; ten signatures of support are required for nomination. Outgoing president Kalkot Mataskelekele was renominated for a second term, but Iolu Abil ultimately succeeded in winning a five-year term after three rounds of voting by the electoral college.

Electoral college
An electoral college is a body of representatives empowered to formally select a candidate for a specific office, most often the head of state. Electoral colleges exist in several countries and may serve to balance regional representation or ensure indirect election mechanisms. It is mostly used in the political context for a constitutional body that appoints the head of state or government, and sometimes the upper parliamentary chamber, in a democracy. Its members, called electors, are elected either by the people for this purpose (making the whole process an indirect election) or by certain subregional entities or social organizations.

If a constituent body that is not only summoned for this particular task, like a parliament, elects or appoints certain officials, it is not referred to as "electoral college" (see e.g. parliamentary system). Also, other appointing bodies (like committees appointing judges, as in Canada or Germany) normally do not fall into this definition.
Keishi Ōtomo
Keishi Ōtomo (Japanese: 大友啓史, Hepburn: Ōtomo Keishi; born May 6, 1966) is a Japanese film director and screenwriter. He is known for psychological thrillers and historical dramas, as well as adapting a variety of manga and novels to film, including The Vulture  (2009), Ryōmaden (2010), and the Rurouni Kenshin film series. Ōtomo’s awards include the Audience Award at the 18th Fantasia International Film Festival in Montreal (2014), the Popularity Award at the 38th Japanese Academy Awards (2014), and Best Director at the 31st Japanese Critics Award (2022).

Ryōmaden
Ryōmaden (龍馬伝) is the 49th NHK Taiga drama. It was shown on NHK from January 3 to November 28, 2010, spanning 48 episodes. The story centers on the life of 19th-century Japanese historical figures Iwasaki Yatarō and Sakamoto Ryōma. It has been announced that the series will be aired in several other countries, for example Hong Kong, South Korea, Taiwan and Thailand.
Nikola Gjorgjev
Nikola Gjorgjev (Macedonian: Никола Ѓорѓев; born 22 August 1997) is a professional footballer who plays as a winger for Liga Portugal 2 club Farense. Born in Switzerland, he plays for the North Macedonia national team.

S.C. Farense
Sporting Clube Farense, simply known as Farense, is a Portuguese professional football club based in Faro in the district of the same name and the region of Algarve. Founded in 1910, the club currently plays in the Liga Portugal 2.
Computation in the limit
In computability theory, a function is called limit computable if it is the limit of a uniformly computable sequence of functions.  The terms computable in the limit, limit recursive and recursively approximable are also used.  One can think of limit computable functions as those admitting an eventually correct computable guessing procedure at their true value.  A set is limit computable just when its characteristic function is limit computable.

If the sequence is uniformly computable relative to D, then the function is limit computable in D.

Indicator function
In mathematics, an indicator function or a characteristic function of a subset of a set is a function that maps elements of the subset to one, and all other elements to zero. That is, if A is a subset of some set X, then the indicator function of A is the function  defined by  if  and  otherwise. Other common notations are 𝟙A and

The indicator function of A is the Iverson bracket of the property of belonging to A; that is,

For example, the Dirichlet function is the indicator function of the rational numbers as a subset of the real numbers.
Clayton Ladine
Clayton Riggs Ladine is an American-French professional basketball player for Sindri Höfn of the Icelandic 1. deild karla. He played college basketball for Skyline College and Rocky Mountain College before turning professional in 2020.

Rocky Mountain College
Rocky Mountain College (Rocky or RMC) is a private college in Billings, Montana, United States. As of 2023, the college had 991 students. RMC is affiliated with the United Methodist Church, the Presbyterian Church (USA), and the United Church of Christ.
Zellyka Arce
Zellyka Guadalupe Arce Balleza (born 28 July 1997), is a Mexican professional football midfielder who currently plays for Atlético San Luis of the Mexican Liga MX Femenil, the first professional women's soccer league in Mexico. 
In 2017, she contributed to Chivas win the first professional women's football championship in the country in front of a record-setting 32,466 spectators.

Liga MX Femenil
Liga MX Femenil, officially named as Liga BBVA MX Femenil for sponsorship reasons, is a professional association football league and the highest level of women's football in Mexico. Supervised by the Federación Mexicana de Fútbol, it has 18 participating teams, each coinciding with a Liga MX club.

Following the same schedule as the men's league, each season consist of two tournaments: an Apertura tournament, which takes place from July to December, and a Clausura tournament, which takes place from January to May.

Tigres UANL is the most successful team with 7 titles, followed by Monterrey with 4 titles, Guadalajara and América with two titles each, and Pachuca with one title. In all, only these five clubs have won the Liga MX Femenil at least once.

The current champions are Tigres UANL who defeated Club America with a 4–3 aggregate score in the Apertura 2025 final in November 2025.
Balaclava (film)
Balaclava is a 1928 British silent and sound war film directed by Maurice Elvey and Milton Rosmer and starring Cyril McLaglen, Benita Hume, Alf Goddard, Harold Huth, and Wally Patch.   It was made by Gainsborough Pictures with David Lean working as a production assistant. The charge sequences were filmed on the Long Valley in Aldershot in Hampshire. Although the sound version had no audible dialogue, it featured a synchronized musical score with sound effects. The sound version was released in the United States  under the title Jaws Of Hell.

Alf Goddard
Frank Henry "Alf" Goddard (28 November 1897 in Brentford, Middlesex – 25 February 1981 in Ealing, London) was an English film actor.

Brother of a famous boxer, Alf Goddard was once a boxer too. He was also a trained athlete and a professional dancer. He served in the army in World War I and when he was invalided out he worked on munitions. He made his stage debut in a musical hall act in 1916. His first appearance in films was as a stunt double where he did a number of risky jobs like jumping off bridges and swimming in rough seas. This led to him being given acting parts. Later he moved on to comedy roles.
Santa Casa da Misericórdia of São Cristóvão
The Misericórdia Hospital and Church (Portuguese: Igreja e Santa Casa da Misericórdia) is a 17th-century Roman Catholic church and orphanage located in São Cristóvão, Sergipe, Brazil. It is built in the Baroque style and occupies 1,739.5 square metres (18,724 ft2) on a site of 3,976 square metres (42,800 ft2) at the east of São Francisco Square. The facility was listed as a historic structure by National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage (IPHAN) in 1944. The facility is part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site of São Francisco Square in the Town of São Cristóvão.

National Institute of Historic and Artistic Heritage
The National Historic and Artistic Heritage Institute (Portuguese: Instituto do Patrimônio Histórico e Artístico Nacional, IPHAN) is a heritage register of the federal government of Brazil. It is responsible for the preservation of buildings, monuments, structures, objects and sites, as well as the register and safeguard of intangible cultural heritage deemed of historic or cultural importance to the country.

IPHAN maintains 1,047 sites, which include historic buildings, city centers, and landscapes. It additionally lists a growing number of intangible cultural heritage entities.

The presidency of the institute was held by only two individuals over its first forty years. Rodrigo Melo Franco led SPHAN/IPHAN from 1937 until his retirement in 1967; his successor was the architect Renato Soeiro, who led the institute from 1967 to 1979.
Rümmelsheim
Rümmelsheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Langenlonsheim-Stromberg, whose seat is in Langenlonsheim. Rümmelsheim is a winegrowing village.

Laubenheim
Laubenheim is an Ortsgemeinde – a municipality belonging to a Verbandsgemeinde, a kind of collective municipality – in the Bad Kreuznach district in Rhineland-Palatinate, Germany. It belongs to the Verbandsgemeinde Langenlonsheim-Stromberg, whose seat is in Langenlonsheim. Laubenheim is a winegrowing village.
Caged No More
Caged No More is a 2016 American drama film directed by Lisa Arnold and written by Lisa Arnold and Molly Venzke. The film stars Kevin Sorbo, Loretta Devine, Cynthia Gibb, Madison De La Garza, Cassidy Gifford and Dallas Lovato. The film was released on January 22, 2016, by Freestyle Releasing.

Cassidy Gifford
Cassidy Erin Gifford (born August 2, 1993) is an American actress. She co-starred with Wyatt Nash in the 2017 film Like Cats and Dogs, and appears as Reagan Decker in the drama series The Baxters, which premiered on Prime Video in March 2024.
John Baird (footballer, born 1985)
John David Baird (born 22 August 1985) is a Scottish footballer who plays as a forward. He currently plays for Football West State League Division 1 side Mandurah City.

Baird has also previously played for Clyde, St Mirren, Stenhousemuir, Montrose, Brechin City, Airdrie United, Dundee, Partick Thistle, Raith Rovers, Queen of the South, Falkirk, Inverness Caledonian Thistle, Greenock Morton and Forfar Athletic where he was also the assistant manager.

Montrose F.C.
Montrose Football Club is a Scottish semi-professional football team, based in the town of Montrose, Angus. The club was founded in 1879. They are members of the Scottish Professional Football League and currently play in Scottish League One, the third tier of football in Scotland.
Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat
Jean-Pierre Abel-Rémusat (French pronunciation: [ʒɑ̃ pjɛʁ abɛl ʁemyza]; 5 September 1788 – 2 June 1832) was a French sinologist best known as the first Chair of Sinology at the Collège de France. Rémusat studied medicine as a young man, but his discovery of a Chinese herbal treatise enamored him with the Chinese language, and he spent five years teaching himself to read it. After publishing several well-received articles on Chinese topics, a chair in Chinese was created at the Collège de France in 1814 and Rémusat was placed in it.

Collège de France
The Collège de France (French pronunciation: [kɔlɛʒ də fʁɑ̃s] ⓘ; formerly known as the Collège Royal or as the Collège impérial), founded in 1530 by François I, is a higher education and research establishment (grand établissement) in France. It is located in Paris near La Sorbonne. The Collège de France has been considered to be France's most prestigious research establishment. It is an associate member of PSL University.

Research and teaching are closely linked at the Collège de France, whose ambition is to teach "the knowledge that is being built up in all fields of literature, science and the arts".
Live Oak, Tampa and Charlotte Harbor Railroad
The Live Oak, Tampa and Charlotte Harbor Railroad was a historic railroad in Florida chartered by railroad tycoon Henry B. Plant.  It was built as an extension of Plant's Live Oak and Rowlands Bluff Railroad.  Together, the two lines ran from Live Oak, Florida, to Gainesville via High Springs.  The lines were completed in 1884.

High Springs, Florida
High Springs is a city in Alachua County, Florida, United States. It is the fourth-largest city in Alachua County and seventh-largest in North Central Florida. The population was 6,215 at the 2020 census, up from 5,350 at the 2010 census. It is part of the Gainesville, Florida Metropolitan Statistical Area.
The Blonde Bandit
The Blonde Bandit is a 1949 American crime film directed by Harry Keller and written by John K. Butler. The film stars Gerald Mohr, Dorothy Patrick, Robert Rockwell, Charles Cane, Larry J. Blake and Argentina Brunetti. The film was released on December 22, 1949, by Republic Pictures.

Robert Rockwell
Robert Rockwell (October 15, 1920 – January 25, 2003) was an American stage, film, radio and television actor. He is best known for playing the handsome, but awkward biology teacher Philip Boynton in the radio and television sitcom Our Miss Brooks opposite Eve Arden.
Katherine Pearce
Katherine Anne Pearce (born August 1990) is an English actress, known for her work in television and film, as well as on stage. Her television roles include Lolly in the ITV soap opera Coronation Street and Amy Spratt in the BBC drama series Waterloo Road. Her stage credits include Woyzeck, A Streetcar Named Desire and King John, The Whip and A Midsummer Night's Dream.

King John (play)
The Life and Death of King John (also King John), by William Shakespeare, is a history play about the reign of John, King of England (r. 1199–1216), the son of Henry II and Eleanor of Aquitaine, and the father of Henry III. King John was written in the mid-1590s but published in 1623 in the First Folio of Shakespeare's works.