hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
R v Khan
R v Khan [1990] 2 SCR 531 is a landmark Supreme Court of Canada decision that began a series of major changes to the hearsay rule and the rules regarding the use of children as witnesses in court. In this case, and subsequently in R v Smith (1992), R v B (KG) (1993), R v U (FJ) (1995), R v Starr (2000), and finally, R v Khelawon (2006), the Court developed the “principled approach” to hearsay, where hearsay statements can be admitted if they are sufficiently reliable and necessary.

R v U (FJ)
R v U (FJ) is a leading case of the Supreme Court of Canada. In the decision the court modified the requirements of admissibility of prior statements.
In R v B (KG), the court required that prior statements can only be admitted for the truth of its contents where it was under oath and videotaped. In UFJ, the court permitted a less strict standard. The complainants prior statement was admitted for the truth of its contents without being under oath or videotaped where the statement was corroborated by the accused confession. The enhanced reliability of the corroboration and the opportunity to cross-examine the recanting witness was sufficient to remove much of the dangers associated with prior statements.
Dunham, Quebec
Dunham is a city in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality. The population as of the Canada 2011 Census was 3,471.

Dunham is  located approximately 12 kilometres (7.5 mi) north of the United States border. It is bordered by Saint-Ignace-de-Stanbridge and Stanbridge East to the west, Farnham to the northwest, Brigham and Cowansville to the north, Brome Lake to the northeast, Sutton to the east and Frelighsburg to the south. Selby Lake is located entirely within Dunham.

Sutton, Quebec
Sutton is a town in southeastern Quebec. It is part of the Brome-Missisquoi Regional County Municipality in the administrative region of the Estrie. The population as of the Canada 2021 Census was 4,548. Known for its scenic landscapes and outdoor recreational activities, Sutton is part of the Eastern Townships and a popular destination for tourists.
20th (Service) Battalion, Middlesex Regiment (Shoreditch)
The 20th (Service) Battalion, Middlesex Regiment (Shoreditch) (20th Middlesex) was an infantry unit recruited as part of 'Kitchener's Army' in World War I. It was raised in the spring of 1915 by the Mayor and Borough of Shoreditch in the East End of London. It served on the Western Front from June 1916, seeing action against the Hindenburg Line and at Bourlon Wood. It then fought through the German spring offensive and the Battle of the Lys. Reduced to a training cadre following heavy casualties, the battalion was sent back to England to be reconstituted, returning to take part in the final victorious Hundred Days Offensive. It was disbanded in 1919.

Battle of the Lys (1918)
The Battle of the Lys, also known as the Fourth Battle of Ypres, was fought from 7 to 29 April 1918 and was part of the German spring offensive in Flanders during the First World War. It was originally planned by General Erich Ludendorff as Operation George but was reduced to Operation Georgette, with the objective of capturing Ypres, forcing the British forces back to the Channel ports and out of the war. In planning, execution and effects, Georgette was similar to (although smaller than) Operation Michael, earlier in the Spring Offensive.
Mohamed Ashik
Mohamed Ashik is a world record holder and a former child prodigy from India. He became the youngest world map memorizer in the world at the age of six. He is a public orator and motivational speaker. Ashik was titled "genius" at the Pogo Amazing Kids 2011 Awards when he was seven years old. Ashik is also a peace activist and the founder of International Peace and Economic Development Organization.

World record
A world record is usually the best global and most important performance that is ever recorded and officially verified in a specific skill, sport, or other kind of activity. The book Guinness World Records and other world records organizations collates and publishes notable records of many.
Landing Creek (New Jersey)
Landing Creek is an 11.2-mile-long (18.0 km) tributary of the Mullica River in southern New Jersey in the United States.  The creek originates near Egg Harbor City and joins the Mullica River just below Lower Bank near Hog Islands.  It is joined along its route by Union Creek, Elliots Creek, Indian Cabin Creek, and Rubins Run, in that order.

For much of its length, Landing Creek has a typical Pine Barrens character to it as it runs through upland forests of oak and pitch pine with periodic passes through cedar and maple swamps.  Downstream from Clarks Landing Road, the stream becomes tidal and infiltrated by brackish water.  For these last few miles of its stretch, Landing Creek widens and passes through an extensive marshland which is characteristic of the Mullica River estuary. As late as 1921, Gloucester Lake was located on Landing Creek.

Mullica River
The Mullica River is a 50.6-mile-long (81.4 km) river in southern New Jersey in the United States. The Mullica was once known as the Little Egg Harbor River.

The river provides one of the principal drainages into the Atlantic Ocean of the extensive Pinelands. Its estuary on Great Bay is considered one of the least-disturbed marine wetlands habitats in the northeastern United States.

In 2022, the Mullica River Fire consumed an estimated 13,500 acres (55 km2) of the related Wharton State Forest.
Ōwairaka
Ōwairaka is a suburb of New Zealand's largest city, Auckland. It is under the local governance of the Auckland Council. The area was primarily rural until the 1930s, when the area experienced suburban growth. Ōwairaka is known for the Owairaka Athletic Club, a club that came to prominence in the 1960s, due to the success of coach Arthur Lydiard and athletes Murray Halberg and Peter Snell.

Peter Snell
Sir Peter George Snell KNZM OBE (17 December 1938 – 12 December 2019) was a New Zealand middle-distance runner. He won three Olympic gold medals, and is the only man since 1920 to have won the 800 and 1500 metres at the same Olympics, in 1964.

Snell had a relatively short career as a world-famous international sportsman, 1960–1965, yet achieved so much that he was voted New Zealand's "Sports Champion of the (20th) Century" and was one of 24 inaugural members of the International Association of Athletics Federations Hall of Fame named in 2012. A protégé of the New Zealand athletics coach Arthur Lydiard, Snell is known for the three Olympic and two Commonwealth Games gold medals he won, and the several world records he set.
Demodex cyonis
Demodex cyonis is a species of Demodex mite first circumscribed in 2018 after being detected in the earwax of a dog with otitis externa in Saitama Prefecture, Japan, in July 2010. It was determined to be a new species based on morphological characters including its opisthosoma length being shorter than one-half its body length, differentiating it from the other species in domestic dogs, D. canis and D. injai, and similar “short-bodied species” such as D. cornei. It is morphologically most similar to D. equi and D. acutipes.  The specific epithet cyonis is derived from the Greek word for domestic dog, κύων, the first observed host animal.

Demodex
Demodex /ˈdɛmədɛks/ is a genus of tiny mites that live in or near hair follicles of mammals. Around 65 species of Demodex are known. Two species live on humans: Demodex folliculorum and Demodex brevis, both frequently referred to as eyelash mites, alternatively face mites or skin mites.

Different species of animals host different species of Demodex. Demodex canis lives on the domestic dog. The presence of Demodex species on mammals is common and usually does not cause any symptoms. Demodex is derived from Greek δημός (dēmos) 'fat' and δήξ (dēx) 'woodworm'.
Little Haywood
Little Haywood is a village in the Borough of Stafford in the county of Staffordshire, England. The population taken at the 2011 census was under Colwich. It lies beside the A51 road. Nearby is the West Coast Main Line, the Trent and Mersey Canal and beside it, the River Trent. Little Haywood is about 4 miles (6.4 km) northwest of Rugeley and 6 miles (9.7 km) east of Stafford.

Little Haywood is cited in the Domesday Book of 1086.

Trent and Mersey Canal
The Trent and Mersey Canal is a 93+1⁄2-mile (150 km) canal in Derbyshire, Staffordshire and Cheshire in north-central England.  It is a "narrow canal" for the vast majority of its length, but at the extremities to the east of Burton upon Trent and north of Middlewich, it is a wide canal.

The narrow locks and bridges are big enough for a single narrowboat 7 feet (2.1 m) wide by 72 feet (22 m) long, while the wide locks can accommodate boats 14 feet (4.3 m) wide, or two narrowboats next to each other.
Heather Hallett, Baroness Hallett
Heather Carol Hallett, Baroness Hallett, DBE, PC, KC (born 16 December 1949), is a retired British judge of the Court of Appeal and a crossbench life peer. The first woman to chair the Bar Council and the fifth woman to sit in the Court of Appeal, Hallett led the independent inquest into the 7/7 bombings. In April 2019, she was appointed Chair of the Security Vettings Appeal Panel. In December 2021, she was announced as the chair of the public inquiry into the UK Government's handling of the COVID-19 pandemic.  On 29 June 2022, the Government accepted Baroness Hallett's proposed terms of reference for the inquiry, with minor changes suggested by the devolved administrations.

Bar council
A bar council (Irish: Comhairle an Bharra) or bar association, in a common law jurisdiction with a legal profession split between solicitors and barristers or advocates, is a professional body that regulates the profession of barristers. In such jurisdictions, solicitors are generally regulated by the law society.

In common law jurisdictions with no distinction between barristers and solicitors (i.e. where there is a "fused profession"), the professional body may be called variously a Law Society, Bar Council or a bar association.
Marc Fein
Marc Fein (born Marc Alan Fein; October 21, 1967 in Miami, Florida) is a sports journalist, sports news anchor, and  television sports studio host, formerly one of the main studio hosts for the NBA TV show, NBA Gametime Live. He is also the host of its show, The Beat, and has been the substitute host for Ernie Johnson on the NBA on TNT.

Ernie Johnson Jr.
Ernest Thorwald Johnson Jr. (born August 7, 1956) is an American sportscaster for TNT Sports. He is the television voice and a studio host for Major League Baseball on TBS, hosts Inside the NBA for ESPN, ABC, and NBA TV (formerly TNT) and contributes to the joint coverage of the NCAA Division I men's basketball tournament for TNT Sports and CBS Sports. His father was Ernie Johnson Sr., a Major League Baseball pitcher and Atlanta Braves play-by-play announcer. Johnson has been described as one of the greatest sports studio hosts in television history, particularly for his role on Inside the NBA.
ACNA (company)
National Dyes Company and Affiliates (Italian: Azienda Coloranti Nazionali e Affini), more commonly known as the ACNA, was the first Italian chemical company, active from 1929 to 1999 in Cengio (main plant), as well as in Cesano Maderno and Rho, although it traces back to 1882 under different names. The company was best known for the pollution of land and waters related to its production of dyes earning it the nickname of "the poison factory" which would see it brought before the Italian government.

Cesano Maderno
Cesano Maderno (Milanese: Cesaa) is a town and comune of about 39,960 inhabitants in the province of Monza and Brianza, Lombardy, northern Italy. The town borders with the towns of Seveso in the north, in the south with Bovisio-Masciago, in the east with Desio and Seregno, and in the west with Ceriano Laghetto and Cogliate. It received the honorary title of city with a presidential decree on 11 October 1999.

It is served by Cesano Maderno railway station and Cesano Maderno-Groane railway station.
La Cinémathèque Méliès
The Cinémathèque Méliès – Les Amis de Georges Méliès is a French non-profit organisation (under French law "association loi de 1901") created in 1961 to locate, gather, preserve and promote the work of Georges Méliès and restore a French cultural heritage which, in 1945, was considered lost. The rediscovered work is promoted through lectures, "ciné-concerts" (cinema screenings with live music) as in the early days of cinema (explanation, musical accompaniment, movie projector), exhibitions, publications, a documentary and DVDs. So far, the association has managed to collect about 200 films, 145 of which were given to the Cinémathèque française.

Cinémathèque française
The Cinémathèque française (French pronunciation: [sinematɛk fʁɑ̃sɛːz]; French cinematheque), founded in 1936, is a French non-profit film organization that holds one of the largest archives of film documents and film-related objects in the world. Based in Paris' 12th arrondissement, the archive offers daily screenings of films from around the world. It is the second oldest cinematheque in France, after Cinematheque de Saint-Etienne, which was founded in 1922.
2019 North Carolina Education Lottery 200
The 2019 North Carolina Education Lottery 200 was a NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series race held on May 17, 2019, at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina. Contested over 134 laps on the 1.5-mile (2.4 km) asphalt speedway, it was the eighth race of the 2019 NASCAR Gander Outdoors Truck Series season.

Concord, North Carolina
Concord (/ˌkɒnˈkɔːrd/ kon-KORD) is the most populous city in Cabarrus County, North Carolina, United States, and its county seat. The city had a population of 105,240 at the 2020 census. Concord is the second-most populous city in the Charlotte metropolitan area, tenth-most populous city in North Carolina and 287th-most populous city in the U.S.

The city was a winner of the All-America City Award in 2004. Located near the center of Cabarrus County in the Piedmont region, it is 20 miles (32 km) northeast of Uptown Charlotte. Concord is the home to some of North Carolina's top tourist destinations, including NASCAR's Charlotte Motor Speedway and Concord Mills.
2019 European Parliament election in Aosta Valley
The European Parliament election of 2019 took place in Italy on 26 May 2019.

In Aosta Valley Lega Nord came first with 37.2% of the vote (country-level result 34.3%) and more than 20pp than the Democratic Party, which came second with 16.2% of the vote. Autonomies for Europe, a five-party regional coalition including the Valdostan Union, came third with 13.9% of the vote, ahead of the Five Star Movement (9.7%), Forza Italia (5.4%), Green Europe (4.7%), More Europe (3.7%), Brothers of Italy (3.3%) and The Left (2.7%).

2019 European Parliament election in Italy
The 2019 European Parliament election in Italy were held on 26 May 2019, electing members of the 9th Italian delegation to the European Parliament as part of the European elections held across the European Union.
The One That Got Away (Philippine TV series)
The One That Got Away is a 2018 Philippine television drama romance comedy series broadcast by GMA Network. Directed by Mark Sicat dela Cruz and Rado Peru, it stars Lovi Poe, Max Collins, Rhian Ramos, and Dennis Trillo in the title role. It premiered on January 15, 2018 on the network's Telebabad line up. The series concluded on May 18, 2018 with a total of 88 episodes.

The series is streaming online on YouTube.

Rhian Ramos
Rhian Denise Ramos Howell (Tagalog: [ˈɾijɐn ˈɾamos]; born October 3, 1990) is a Filipino actress, model, singer, host and race car driver. She starred in the drama fantasy series Encantadia Chronicles: Sanggre as the main antagonist Kera Mitena.
The Voice of Warning
The Voice of Warning is a 1912 American silent film drama produced by Hardee Kirkland. The film stars Lillian Crittenden, Baby Reine Greenwood and Adrienne Kroell.  The film status is uncertain but a release flier survives which is now at the Margaret Herrick Library at the Academy of Motion Pictures Arts and Sciences, it was part of the Charles G. Clarke collection.

Adrienne Kroell
Adrienne Kroell (December 13, 1892–October 2, 1949), was an American actress. She appeared in over 75 to 90 films between 1909 and 1914.

She was born in Chicago, Illinois. She later moved to St. Louis, Missouri, and attended Yeatman High School.

Kroell began acting on stage in St. Louis in 1906 after she won a beauty contest there. She first appeared in film in 1909 and appeared in films mostly made by the Selig Polyscope Company until 1914. The Cowboy Millionaire was her first film appearance which also starred Tom Mix. She retired from acting in 1917 after she developed arthritis.

On October 2, 1949, Kroell died at Sturgis Convelescent Home in Evanston, Illinois, of complications from arthritis and was buried at Rosehill Cemetery in Chicago.
Chapter One: Complete Collection
Chapter One ~Complete Collection~ is a greatest hit album from Beni Arashiro under label Avex Trax. This was her first and also her last greatest hit album she released as Beni Arashiro before she switched to label Universal Music Japan and stage name BENI. The last 3 tracks are new songs which were originally going to be released as a single. However the single was cancelled and listed on this album due to Beni's label switch. Southern Star is a CM theme song for Orion Beer, BIG BANG is theme song for Mainichi Housou TV's broadcast of the Koushien Bowl theme song and Mellow Parade is a movie theme for the movie called Bra bra Ban ban which featured Beni herself. The DVD contains all her PVs and a First Live Digest.

Girl 2 Lady
Girl 2 Lady is the second album released by Beni Arashiro from label Avex Trax. The song FLASH was a digital released and was a CM theme song for the product KOSE VISEE. The album reached the #87 spot on the Oricon charts.
Penang and Province Wellesley Volunteer Corps
The Penang and Province Wellesley Volunteer Corps (Abbr.: P&PWVC), also known as the Penang Volunteer Corps or Penang Volunteer Rifle, was a militia unit formed in British Malaya. It was officially established on 1 March 1861, making it one of the earliest locally raised volunteer military units in the region.

Together with the Singapore Volunteer Corps and the Malacca Volunteer Corps, the P&PWVC formed part of the Straits Settlements Volunteer Force (SSVF), a volunteer formation within the Crown Colony of the Straits Settlements. Within the SSVF structure, the Penang Volunteer Rifle was designated as the 3rd Battalion, while Singapore comprised the 1st and 2nd Battalions, and Malacca formed the 4th Battalion.

Following the expulsion of Singapore from Malaysia in 1965, the Penang Volunteer Rifle inherited the distinction of being the oldest military unit established in Malaysia.

Singapore Volunteer Corps
The Singapore Volunteer Corps or the Singapore Special Constabulary, was a militia unit established in 1854 as the Singapore Volunteer Rifle Corps. The Corps underwent several reorganisations and was known by various names throughout its history. It was renamed the People's Defence Force, the predecessor of the Singapore Armed Forces (SAF) in 1965.
Varo Bank
Varo Bank is an American neobank headquartered in Salt Lake City, Utah. Launched in 2017, Varo was the first neobank to receive a national bank charter from the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency.

National bank (United States)
In the United States, a national bank is an ordinary private bank operating within the federal government's regulatory structure, which usually but not always operates in multiple U.S. states, and is under the supervision of the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency. Depending on the matter, it also may have to comply with some U.S. state regulations. It is legally required to be a member of the Federal Reserve System.  A national bank in the U.S. is distinguished from a state bank, whose permit or charter is granted by a state.
A Gangsta's Pain
A Gangsta's Pain is the fourth studio album by American rapper Moneybagg Yo. It was released on April 23, 2021, through Roc Nation, Collective Music Group, Bread Gang Entertainment, N-Less Entertainment, and Interscope Records. The album features guest appearances from Kaash Paige, Big30, Future, Tripstar, Polo G, Lil Durk, Jhené Aiko, and Pharrell Williams. The album debuted atop the US Billboard 200, earning 110,000 album-equivalent units, becoming Moneybagg Yo's first US number-one album. The deluxe edition with six new songs was released on October 22, 2021, with additional guest appearances from EST Gee, Pooh Shiesty, Big Homiie G, Yung Bleu, Janiyah, Lil Wayne, Ashanti, and DJ Khaled.

Album-equivalent unit
The album-equivalent unit, or album equivalent, often shortened to just unit, is a sales metric in the music industry that defines the number of songs streamed and songs downloaded equal to one album sale. The album-equivalent unit was introduced in the mid-2010s as an answer to the drop of album sales in the 21st century. Album sales more than halved from 1999 to 2009, declining from a $14.6 to $6.3 billion industry, partly due to cheap digitally downloaded singles. For instance, the only albums that went platinum in the United States in 2014 were the Frozen soundtrack and Taylor Swift's 1989, whereas several albums had gone platinum in 2013.

The use of album-equivalent units transformed the music charts from a ranking of best-selling albums into a ranking of most popular albums. The International Federation of the Phonographic Industry (IFPI) have used album-equivalent unit to measure their Global Recording Artist of the Year since 2013.
1971 Women's World Cup squads
The following lists the squads for the unofficial 1971 Women's World Cup arranged by FIEFF, held in Mexico in August and September 1971. Six teams qualified for the tournament, with hosts Mexico qualifying automatically. Incomplete.

1971 Women's World Cup
The 1971 Women's World Cup (Spanish: 1971 Campeonato de Fútbol Femenil) was an association football tournament for women's national teams organised by the Federation of Independent European Female Football (FIEFF) in Mexico in August–September 1971. Held in Mexico City and Guadalajara, it is the second known tournament to be named as a women's football World Cup after the 1970 edition in Italy and the first time in the same place after the men's 1970 FIFA World Cup tournament in the previous year. It was held twenty years before the first official FIFA women's world cup.

The tournament featured six national teams from Latin America and Europe, including hosts Mexico which qualified automatically. Denmark were the tournament champions, defending its title by winning the final 3–0 against Mexico, in front of a 110,000 crowd.
Croy Line
The Croy Line is a suburban railway route linking Glasgow Queen Street and Croy in Scotland. It is part of the Strathclyde Partnership for Transport network.

Following completion of the project to reopen the line to Alloa to passenger services on 19 May 2008, Croy Line services continue alternately to Alloa and Dunblane.

This route is now electrified, as of December 2017 up to Alloa and Dunblane. Passenger services are operated by ScotRail.

Stirling–Alloa–Kincardine rail link
The Stirling–Alloa–Kincardine rail link is a completed railway project to re-open 21 kilometres (13 mi) of railway between Stirling, Alloa and Kincardine in Scotland. The route opened to rail traffic in March 2008.