hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Serov (town)
Serov (Russian: Серо́в) is a mining and commercial town in Sverdlovsk Oblast, Russia, located on the eastern foothills of the Ural Mountains, on the left bank of the Kakva River (a tributary of the Sosva), about 350 kilometers (220 mi) north of Yekaterinburg. Population:  99,373 (2010 census); 99,804 (2002 census); 104,158 (1989 Soviet census).

Sverdlovsk Oblast
Sverdlovsk Oblast (Russian: Свердловская область, romanized: Sverdlovskaya oblast, [ʹsvʲɪrdˈlofskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ]) is a federal subject (an oblast) of Russia located in the Ural Federal District. Its administrative center is the city of Yekaterinburg, formerly known as "Sverdlovsk". Its population is 4,268,998 (according to the 2021 Census).
Belus (Tyre)
Belus was a legendary king of Tyre in Virgil's Aeneid and other Latin works. He was said to have been the father of Dido of Carthage, Pygmalion of Tyre, and Anna. The historical father of these figures was the king Mattan I (reigned 840 BC – 832 BCE), also known as MTN-BʿL (Matan-Baʿal, 'Gift of the Lord'), which classicist T. T. Duke suggests was made into the name Belus as a hypocorism.

Pygmalion of Tyre
Pygmalion (Ancient Greek: Πυγμαλίων, romanized: Pugmalíōn; Latin: Pygmalion) was king of Tyre from 831 to 785 BCE and a son of King Mattan I (840–832 BC).

During Pygmalion's reign, Tyre seems to have shifted the heart of its trading empire from the Middle East to the Mediterranean, as can be judged from the building of new colonies including Kition on Cyprus, Sardinia (see Nora Stone discussion below), and, according to tradition, Carthage. For the story surrounding the founding of Carthage, see Dido.
Goyo: The Boy General
Goyo: The Boy General (Filipino: Goyo: Ang Batang Heneral), or simply Goyo, is a 2018 Filipino epic war film starring Paulo Avelino as the titular "Boy General", Gregorio del Pilar, who fought and died at the Battle of Tirad Pass during the Philippine–American War. It was written, directed, edited, and scored by Jerrold Tarog, and is a sequel to the 2015 film Heneral Luna, which chronicled Antonio Luna's life and is the second installment of the Bayaniverse franchise.  Additional members of the ensemble cast include Carlo Aquino, Mon Confiado, Epy Quizon, Gwen Zamora, Empress Schuck, Alvin Anson, and Rafa Siguion-Reyna. It was released on September 5, 2018. The third and final film in the Bayaniverse trilogy, Quezon, was released on October 15, 2025.

Battle of Tirad Pass
The Battle of Tirad Pass, sometimes referred to as the Philippine Thermopylae, took place during the Philippine–American War on December 2, 1899, in northern Luzon in the Philippines. A 60-man Filipino rear guard commanded by Brigadier General Gregorio del Pilar succumbed to more than 500 Americans, mostly of the 33rd Volunteer Infantry Regiment under Major Peyton C. March, while delaying the American advance to ensure that President Emilio Aguinaldo and his troops escaped.
Pepper and egg sandwich
A pepper and egg sandwich is a sandwich made with grilled bell peppers and scrambled eggs, typically served on French bread. It is a popular staple on Fridays during Lent among Catholic Italian-Americans, particularly in Chicago, Illinois. The sandwich is believed to have been originally created by Italian immigrants to Chicago in the late 19th or early 20th century. It is frequently found in establishments that also serve another Chicago staple, the Italian beef sandwich.

Italian beef
An Italian beef is a sandwich of American origin, originating in Chicago, made from thin slices of roast beef simmered and served with a thin gravy on French bread. Common toppings are a choice between spicy giardiniera (called "hot") or mild bell peppers (called "sweet"). The entire sandwich may be dipped in the juice the meat is cooked in before serving with a side of French fries.

The sandwich traces back to Italian-American immigrants in Chicago as early as the 1930s, but the exact origin is unknown. The sandwich gradually grew in popularity and was widely eaten in the city by the 1970s and 1980s. The sandwich saw a substantial rise in popularity with the 2020s television show The Bear, set in a fictional Chicago restaurant which specializes in the sandwich.
The Lebanon (song)
"The Lebanon" is a song by the English synth-pop band the Human League, released as a single on 24 April 1984 by Virgin Records. Written jointly by lead vocalist Philip Oakey and keyboardist and guitarist Jo Callis, it was the first single from the band's fourth studio album Hysteria. It was recorded at AIR Studios in London during 1983–1984.

Jo Callis
John William "Jo" Callis (born 2 May 1951) is a British musician and songwriter who played guitar with the Edinburgh based punk rock band the Rezillos (under the name Luke Warm) and post-punk band Boots for Dancing, before joining the Human League.
Gunnar Reuterskiöld
Gunnar August Casimir Reuterskiöld (11 January 1893 – 9 January 1970) was a Swedish diplomat. After joining the Ministry for Foreign Affairs in 1916, he advanced quickly, serving in Rome, Paris, and key administrative posts in Stockholm. He later held senior positions abroad, including counsellor in Moscow and Berlin, and consul in Tallinn.

In the 1930s and 1940s, he was chargé d'affaires in Tehran and Bogotá, and envoy to Peru with concurrent accreditation to several South American countries. After World War II, he served as envoy to Yugoslavia and Belgium—becoming ambassador there in 1956—and was later appointed ambassador to Poland (1956–1959).

Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Sweden)
The Ministry for Foreign Affairs (Swedish: Utrikesdepartementet, UD) is a ministry in the Government of Sweden responsible for policies related to foreign policy, democracy, human rights, international development cooperation and foreign trade.

The ministry is currently headed by the minister for foreign affairs, Maria Malmer Stenergard of the Moderate Party.
1959 Ontario general election
The 1959 Ontario general election was held on June 11, 1959, to elect the 98 members of the 26th Legislative Assembly of Ontario (Members of Provincial Parliament, or "MPPs") of the province of Ontario.

The Ontario Progressive Conservative Party, led by Leslie Frost, won a sixth consecutive term in office, and maintained its majority in the legislature, although it lost 12 of the 83 seats it had won in the previous election.

The Ontario Liberal Party, led by John Wintermeyer, increased its caucus from 11 to 22 members, and continued in the role of official opposition. Liberal-Labour MPP Albert Wren was re-elected and continued to sit with the Liberal caucus. Wren died in 1961 and was succeeded in a by-election by Robert Gibson.

The social democratic Co-operative Commonwealth Federation (CCF), led by Donald C. MacDonald, won two additional seats, for a total of five.

Albert Wren
Albert Wren (December 9, 1916 – November 1, 1961) was a politician in Ontario, Canada. He was a Liberal-Labour member of the Legislative Assembly of Ontario from 1951 to 1961 for the northwestern Ontario riding of Kenora.
Valdemar Langlet
Valdemar Langlet (Swedish: [lanˈlé]; December 17, 1872 in Lerbo, Sweden – October 16, 1960 in Stockholm) was a Swedish publisher, and an early Esperantist. With his wife Nina Borovko-Langlet in Budapest, he is credited with saving many Jews from the Holocaust, by providing Swedish documents saying that people were waiting for Swedish nationality. Raoul Wallenberg was inspired by Langlet and used the same method to save Jewish people when he came to Budapest. In 1965, Valdemar and Nina Langlet were recognized as Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem.

Righteous Among the Nations
Righteous Among the Nations (Hebrew: חֲסִידֵי אֻמּוֹת הָעוֹלָם ḥasidei ummot ha'olam) is an honorific used by the State of Israel to describe all of the non-Jews who, out of altruism, risked their lives in order to save Jews from being exterminated by Nazi Germany during the Holocaust. The term originates from the concept of ger toshav, a legal term used to refer to non-Jewish observers of the Seven Laws of Noah.

Recent research has complicated dominant historical narratives about rescue of Jews during the Holocaust. The vast majority of rescue was enabled by the exchange of money, goods, or services, while many survivors concealed complicating facts in applications of Yad Vashem.
Auschwitz (song)
"Auschwitz" is a song composed by Francesco Guccini, and originally performed by Equipe 84. It was first released as the B-side of a cover of Sonny & Cher's "Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)", and later included in Equipe 84's album Io ho in mente te. Although the song was written by Guccini it was credited to Lunero and Maurizio Vandelli as the author at the time was not a member of the SIAE.

The following year the song was later recorded by Francesco Guccini and included in his debut album Folk beat n. 1, with the title "La canzone del bambino nel vento (Auschwitz)" ('The song of the child in the wind').

Guccini's authorship of the song was first acknowledged only in 1967, and officially recognized after a 30 years long trial.

Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)
"Bang Bang (My Baby Shot Me Down)" is the second single by American singer-actress Cher from her second album, The Sonny Side of Chér (1966). It was written by her husband Sonny Bono and released in 1966. It reached No. 3 in the UK Singles Chart and No. 2 on the Billboard Hot 100 for a week (behind "(You're My) Soul and Inspiration" by The Righteous Brothers), eventually becoming one of Cher's biggest-selling singles of the 1960s.
Christine Papali'i
Christine Papali'i (born 30 July 1962) is a former New Zealand rugby union player. She played for the Black Ferns and Auckland. She made her debut for New Zealand against the California Grizzlies at Christchurch on 22 July 1989.

Papali'i featured at RugbyFest 1990 against the Netherlands, the United States and a World XV. She also played club rugby for Ponsonby.

New Zealand women's national rugby union team
The New Zealand women's rugby union team, called the Black Ferns (Māori: Rarauhe Pango [ɾaɾaʉhɛ paŋɔ]), represents New Zealand (excluding Hawke's Bay and North Harbour provinces) in women's international rugby union, which is the country's national sport. The team has won six out of ten Women's Rugby World Cup tournaments.

They have an 82 percent winning record in Test Match rugby, (updated 27 September 2025). Since their official international debut in 1991, the Black Ferns have lost to only five of the sixteen nations they have played against — Canada, England, France, Ireland and the United States. The team performs a haka before every match; this is a Māori challenge or posture dance. Traditionally the Black Ferns use the haka Ko Uhia Mai.
Vlad Chiricheș
Vlad Iulian Chiricheș (Romanian pronunciation: [ˈvlad ˈkirikeʃ]; born 14 November 1989) is a Romanian professional footballer who plays for Liga I club FCSB and the Romania national team. Primarily a centre-back, he can also be deployed as a right-back or a defensive midfielder.

Chiricheș spent the first part of his senior career in Romania with Internațional Curtea de Argeș, Pandurii Târgu Jiu, and Steaua București. He helped the latter to a Liga I title and a Supercupa României, before transferring to Tottenham Hotspur in 2013 in a then Romanian record sale of €9.5 million (£8.5 million). Chiricheș relocated to Italy after two years in the Premier League, representing Serie A clubs Napoli, Sassuolo, and Cremonese over the course of eight seasons. In 2023, he returned to Romania by re-signing for FCSB.

A full international for Romania since September 2011, Chiricheș has earned over 70 caps for his country and represented it in the UEFA Euro 2016.

US Cremonese
Unione Sportiva Cremonese, commonly referred to as Cremonese, is an Italian professional football club based in Cremona, Lombardy, which plays in Serie A following their promotion from Serie B in the 2024–25 season via the playoffs.
Robber (film)
Robber is a 2025 Indian Tamil-language crime thriller film directed by SM Pandi and written by Ananda Krishnan. The screenplay and dialogues were jointly written by SM Pandi and Ananda Krishnan, starring Sathya in the lead role, alongside Daniel Annie Pope, Deepa Shankar, Jayaprakash, Sendrayan, Nishanth, and ‘Raja Rani’ Pandiyan in supporting roles.

Robber released in theatres on 14 March 2025.

Jayaprakash (actor)
V. Jayaprakash is an Indian actor and producer who works in Tamil and Telugu films. He ventured into film business in the early 2000s as a producer, making several films under his banner GJ Cinema and later turned actor, with Cheran's 2007 film, Mayakannadi. Subsequently, performing a variety of supporting roles, he found more success as a character actor, with his most notable performances in Pasanga (2009), Naadodigal (2009), Naan Mahaan Alla (2010), Yuddham Sei (2011), Mankatha (2011), Moodar Koodam (2013) and Pannaiyarum Padminiyum (2014).
Elena Bunina
Elena Igorevna Bunina (Russian: Елена Игоревна Бунина; born 12 May 1976) is a Russian-Israeli businesswoman. She was the CEO of Yandex from 2017 to 2022. She resigned her position two weeks early. Following her resignation, she immigrated to Israel following the 2022 Russian invasion of Ukraine.

As of 2022, she is a professor in the mathematics department of Bar-Ilan University in Ramat Gan, Israel, and a scientific advisor at the Y-Data school of data science in Israel.

Bar-Ilan University
Bar-Ilan University (BIU, Hebrew: אוניברסיטת בר-אילן, Universitat Bar-Ilan) is a public research university in the Tel Aviv District city of Ramat Gan, Israel. Established in 1955, Bar Ilan is Israel's second-largest academic university institution. It has 20,000 students and 1,350 faculty members.

Bar-Ilan's mission is to "blend Jewish tradition with modern technologies and scholarship and the university endeavors to ... teach the Jewish heritage to all its students while providing [an] academic education." The university is among the best in the Middle East in the fields of computer science, engineering, engineering physics and applied physics. In 2024, the university was donated $260 million, one of the biggest donations to a university in Israeli history, for investment in science. The donor wished to remain anonymous.
Pirkko Ruohonen-Lerner
Pirkko Anneli Ruohonen-Lerner (born 6 February 1957) is a Finnish politician and Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from Finland. She is a member of the Finns Party, part of the European Conservatives and Reformists.

She was elected to Finnish Parliament in 2007 and served as a member of parliament until 2015. She was the chair of the party's parliamentary group from 2011 to 2014. In April 2015, Ruohonen-Lerner succeeded Sampo Terho in the European Parliament when Terho was elected to the Parliament of Finland.

In her political career, she has served as a member of the council of the municipality of Myrskylä from 1985 to 1988 (then with the National Coalition Party), and as a member of the council of the city of Porvoo since 1996.

She returned to the European Parliament on 11 April 2023 following the resignation of Laura Huhtasaari.

Sampo Terho
Sampo Terho (born 20 September 1977 in Helsinki) is a Finnish politician who served as Minister for European Affairs, Culture and Sports. He was the chairman of Suomalaisuuden Liitto and was earlier a Member of the European Parliament.
Law on transparency, the fight against corruption and the modernization of economic life
The Law on transparency, the fight against corruption and the modernization of economic life (French: Loi relative à la transparence, à la lutte contre la corruption et à la modernisation de la vie économique), also known as the Sapin II law—named after the French Minister of the Economy at the time, Michel Sapin, who pushed it through in November 2016—is a French law aimed at fighting corruption, but which has been enriched by various measures from a wide range of other issues.

Michel Sapin
Michel Sapin (French pronunciation: [mi.ʃɛl sa.pɛ̃]; born 9 April 1952) is a French politician who served as Minister of Finance from 1992 to 1993 and again from 2014 to 2017. He is a member of the Socialist Party.

He was Minister of the Civil Service from 2000 to 2002 and Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Affairs from 2012 to 2014. Sapin has also served as a member of the National Assembly of France.

After President François Hollande took office, Sapin became the Minister of Labour, Employment and Social Affairs in the government headed by Prime Minister Jean-Marc Ayrault on 16 May 2012. Two years later, he was moved to the post of Minister of Finance under Ayrault's successor, Manuel Valls.
The Sloth Lane
The Sloth Lane, also known as A Sloth Story, is a 2024 Australian animated adventure-comedy film directed by Tania Vincent and co directed by Ricard Cussó. It is the fifth overall film in Like a Photon Creative's The Tales from Sanctuary City franchise. The film stars the voices of Teo Vergara, Olivia Vásquez, Ben Gorroño, Facundo Herrera, Remy Hii, and Leslie Jones.

Produced by Like A Photon Creative and Screen Queensland Studios with animation services by Cosmic Dino Studio, The Sloth Lane had its world premiere at the Annecy Animation Film Festival in France on 10 June 2024, and was released by Maslow Entertainment in Australia on 25 July.

Leslie Jones (comedian)
Annette Leslie Jones (born September 7, 1967) is an American stand-up comedian and actress. She was a cast member and writer for the NBC sketch comedy series Saturday Night Live from 2014 to 2019, and hosted the ABC game show Supermarket Sweep. She has also been a featured performer at the Just for Laughs festival in Montreal and the Aspen Comedy Festival. In 2010, her one-hour comedy special, Problem Child, was broadcast on Showtime. Jones starred in Ghostbusters (2016) as Patty Tolan. In 2017 and 2018, Jones was nominated for a Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Comedy Series for her work on Saturday Night Live.
CD Eldense
Club Deportivo Eldense is a Spanish football team based in Elda, in the autonomous community of Valencia. Founded in 1921, the club plays in the Primera Federación – Group 2, and holds home matches at Estadio Municipal Nuevo Pepico Amat, which has a capacity of 4,036 spectators.

Primera Federación
The Primera Federación, officially the Primera Federación Versus e-Learning for sponsorship reasons (formerly known as Primera RFEF), is the third tier of the Spanish football league system beginning with the 2021–22 season. It is administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It is below the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and Segunda División (also known as La Liga Hypermotion), above the Segunda Federación and Tercera Federación. It is the highest level of semi-professional football in Spain.
No. 4 Elementary Flying Training School RAAF
No. 4 Elementary Flying Training School (No. 4 EFTS) was a Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF) pilot training unit that operated during World War II. It was one of twelve elementary flying training schools employed by the RAAF to provide introductory flight instruction to new pilots as part of Australia's contribution to the Empire Air Training Scheme. No. 4 EFTS was established in January 1940 at Mascot, New South Wales, and initially operated in conjunction with civilian flying organisations based at Mascot and Newcastle. The school was disbanded in April 1942, and its operations transferred to No. 6 Elementary Flying School at Tamworth.

British Commonwealth Air Training Plan
The British Commonwealth Air Training Plan (BCATP), often referred to as simply "The Plan", was a large-scale multinational military aircrew training program created by the United Kingdom, Canada, Australia and New Zealand during the Second World War. The BCATP remains one of the single largest aviation training programs in history and was responsible for training nearly half the pilots, navigators, bomb aimers, air gunners, wireless operators and flight engineers who served with the Royal Air Force (RAF), Royal Navy Fleet Air Arm (FAA), Royal Australian Air Force (RAAF), Royal Canadian Air Force (RCAF) and Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) during the war.

Trainees from many other countries attended schools under the Plan, including Rhodesia, Argentina, Belgium, Ceylon, Czechoslovakia, Denmark, Finland, Fiji, Free France, Greece, the Netherlands, Newfoundland, Norway, Poland, and the United States.

Canada was chosen as the primary location for the BCATP's training operations.
Lane Lord
Lane R. Lord (born May 19, 1971) is an American college women's basketball coach currently coaching at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley (UTRGV). He was previously the head coach at Pittsburg State University, a position he held from 2007 to 2018. While Lord was at Pittsburg State, the program won a conference regular season championships and appeared in four NCAA tournaments. Prior to his most recent post, Lord was the head coach for at Barton Community College from 2004 to 2007, where he led the school to three consecutive winning seasons, and one Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference West Division co-regular season championship. Lord also taught and coached at Wichita Heights High School from 1995 to 2004.

Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference
The Kansas Jayhawk Community College Conference (KJCCC) is a college athletic conference that is a member of the National Junior College Athletic Association (NJCAA). As of 2007, the KJCCC was home to more than 3,000 student-athletes in the 19 men's and women's sports. The conference's name comes from "Jayhawk" which is a term used for people born in the state of Kansas, where all of the conference's schools are located. The term Jayhawk, however, originated with a group of anti-slavery guerrillas during the American Civil War.
Pembroke (UK Parliament constituency)
Pembroke (or Pembroke Boroughs) was a parliamentary constituency centred on the town of Pembroke in West Wales.  It returned one Member of Parliament (MP) to the House of Commons of England until 1707, Great Britain until 1800 and from 1801 the Parliament of the United Kingdom, elected by the first past the post system.

Pembroke, Pembrokeshire
Pembroke (/ˈpɛmbrʊk/ PEM-bruuk; Welsh: Penfro [ˈpɛnvrɔ]) is a town and community in Pembrokeshire, Wales, with a population of 7,552. The names of both the town and the county (of which the county town is Haverfordwest) have a common origin; both are derived from the Cantref of Penfro: Pen, 'head' or 'end', and bro, 'region', 'country', 'land', which has been interpreted to mean either 'Land's End' or 'headland'.

Pembroke features a number of historic buildings, town walls, complexes and Pembroke Castle which was the birthplace of Henry Tudor, who became Henry VII of England.
Role of geography in World War I
Geography greatly affected the events and outcomes of World War I. As World War I was one of the first true global conflicts, it was shaped by the influence of multiple nations and each country's unique problems. Other factors helped shape the war and changed the course of fighting. With the rise of imperialism and a desire for resources, the war involved almost all European nations, and was therefore fought on several fronts. Geographic barriers created diversions and weather patterns helped in leading the Allies to victory. Also, the new spread of technology along with trench warfare and disease eventually led to the defeat of Germany and Austria-Hungary.

Imperialism
Imperialism is the maintaining and extending of power over foreign nations, particularly through expansionism, employing both hard power (military and economic power) and soft power (diplomatic power and cultural imperialism). Imperialism focuses on establishing or maintaining hegemony and a more formal empire.

While related to the concept of colonialism, imperialism is a distinct concept that can apply to other forms of expansion and many forms of government.