hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Kalai–Smorodinsky bargaining solution
The Kalai–Smorodinsky (KS) bargaining solution is a solution to the Bargaining problem. It was suggested by Ehud Kalai and Meir Smorodinsky, as an alternative to Nash's bargaining solution suggested 25 years earlier. The main difference between the two solutions is that the Nash solution satisfies independence of irrelevant alternatives, while the KS solution instead satisfies resource monotonicity. The solution builds on earlier work by Howard Raiffa on discrete bargaining procedures.

Independence of irrelevant alternatives
Independence of irrelevant alternatives (IIA) is an axiom of decision theory which codifies the intuition that a choice between  and  (which are both related) should not depend on the quality of a third, unrelated outcome . There are several different variations of this axiom, which are generally equivalent under mild conditions. As a result of its importance, the axiom has been independently rediscovered in various forms across a wide variety of fields, including economics, cognitive science, social choice, fair division, rational choice, artificial intelligence, probability, and game theory. It is closely tied to many of the most important theorems in these fields, including Arrow's impossibility theorem, the Balinski–Young theorem, and the money pump arguments.

In behavioral economics, failures of IIA (caused by irrationality) are called menu effects or menu dependence.
Hyŏn Chunhyŏk
Hyŏn Chunhyŏk (Korean: 현준혁; 13 May 1906 – 3 September 1945) was a Korean politician and leader in the Communist Party of Korea. He was assassinated likely by a member of Daedongdan, the predecessor to the terrorist group the White Shirts Society.

Communist Party of Korea
The Communist Party of Korea (Korean: 조선공산당; Hanja: 朝鮮共產黨; MR: Chosŏn Kongsandang) was a communist party in Korea founded during a secret meeting in Seoul in 1925. The Governor-General of Korea had banned communist and socialist parties under the Peace Preservation Law so the party had to operate in a clandestine manner. The leaders of the party were Kim Yong-bom and Pak Hon-yong.

Kim Il Sung led the foundation of the Workers' Party of North Korea while Pak Hon-yong led the foundation of the Workers' Party of South Korea.
Leilia Adzhametova
Leilia Adzhametova (born 3 September 1994) is a Ukrainian Azerbaijani track and field Paralympic athlete .

Adzhametova competed at the 2016 Summer Paralympics in the T13 classification, winning a gold medal in the women's 100 metres T13 event and a bronze medal in the women's 400 metres T13 event.

At the 2019 World Para Athletics Championships she won gold medals in the women's 100 m T13 and women's 100 m T13 events and a bronze medal in the women's 400 m T13 event.

2019 World Para Athletics Championships
The 2019 World Para Athletics Championships was a Paralympic track and field event organised by the World Para Athletics subcommittee of the International Paralympic Committee. It was held in Dubai, United Arab Emirates from 7 to 15 November 2019. It was the 9th edition of the event, formerly known as the IPC Athletics World Championship prior to 2017.
Cousins (1989 film)
Cousins is a 1989 American romantic comedy film directed by Joel Schumacher and starring Ted Danson, Isabella Rossellini, Sean Young, William Petersen, Keith Coogan, Lloyd Bridges and Norma Aleandro. The film is an American remake of the 1975 French comedy Cousin Cousine, directed by Jean-Charles Tacchella. It is set in Seattle, Washington, but shot in Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

William Petersen
William Louis Petersen (born February 21, 1953) is an American retired actor. He is best known for his role as Gil Grissom in the CBS drama thriller series CSI: Crime Scene Investigation (2000–2015), for which he won a Screen Actors Guild Award and was nominated for a Golden Globe Award; he was further nominated for three Primetime Emmy Awards as a producer of the show. He reprised his role as Gil Grissom in the sequel CSI: Vegas, which premiered on October 6, 2021.

He also starred in the films To Live and Die in L.A. (1985), Manhunter (1986), Young Guns II (1990), Fear (1996), The Contender (2000), Detachment (2011), and Seeking a Friend for the End of the World (2012).
Consolidation of states within Somalia (1995–2006)
Following the civil war and the ensuing societal chaos, some factions managed to exert a degree of authority over certain regions of Somalia where they maintained broad, clan-based support.  This allowed these factions to establish working administrations and eventually coherent states, and restored order to their regions.  This occurred first in Puntland, Southwestern Somalia, Galmudug, Jubaland and finally Banadir.

South West State of Somalia
The South-West State of Somalia
(Somali: Koonfur Galbeed, Maay: Koofur Orsé) is a federal member state in southwestern Somalia. It was founded by Mohamed Ibrahim Habsade, leader of the Somalia RRA on 1 April 2002. It was the third autonomous region to be established.

After its dissolution in 2005, the territory was re-established in November 2009 as an official federal member state of Somalia. Sharif Hassan was selected the president of this state. The official capital of South-West state is Barawa, located on the coast of the Somali Sea, though the state administration is currently based in Baidoa.
La Loca
La Loca is a literary mythotype of the mad heroine found in Chicana literature related to La Llorona. Authors using the figure include Ana Castillo, Sandra Cisneros and Monica Palacios, as well as in the poem "La Loca de la Raza Cósmica" by the pseudonymous La Chrisx.

La Loca in Ana Castillo's So Far from God is an outsider from the community; she dies at age three, but is miraculously resurrected revered like a saint.

Chicana literature
Chicana literature is a form of literature that has emerged from the Chicana Feminist movement. It aims to redefine Chicana archetypes, in an effort to provide positive models for Chicanas. Chicana writers redefine their relationships with what Gloria Anzaldúa has called "Las Tres Madres" of Mexican culture (i.e. Our Lady of Guadalupe, La Malinche, and La Llorona), by depicting them as feminist sources of strength and compassion.

According to the Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity and Society, "Chicana feminist writings helped to develop a discourse in opposition to the Eurocentric frameworks." Chicana writing grew out of Chicana feminism, through the feminist journals founded since the 1960s – one of which led to Norma Alarcón's Third Woman Press, the assertions of Chicana feminism in essays, and the portrayal of the gender crisis in the Chicano Movement in the poetry and fiction of Chicana authors.
Klim Kostin
Klim Sergeyevich Kostin (Russian: Клим Сергеевич Костин; born 5 May 1999) is a Russian professional ice hockey winger who  currently plays for Avangard Omsk of the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL). He most recently played for the San Jose Sharks of the National Hockey League (NHL). Considered a top prospect for the 2017 NHL entry draft, Kostin was selected 31st overall by the St. Louis Blues, and made his NHL debut with them in 2019. Kostin previously played for Dynamo Moscow and Avangard Omsk of the KHL. Internationally, Kostin has played for the Russian national junior team at several tournaments.

HC Dynamo Moscow
HC Dynamo Moscow (Russian: ХК Динамо Москва) is a professional ice hockey club based in Moscow, Russia. It is a member of the Tarasov Division in the Kontinental Hockey League (KHL).

Dynamo has won the Gagarin Cup twice, in 2011–12 and 2012–13 seasons, and won the regular season championship once, in 2013–14, winning the Continental Cup.

The club is one of the most successful teams in Russia.
Cathrine Nøttingnes
Cathrine Nøttingnes (born 5 September 1974) is a Norwegian paralympic athlete. She participated in the 2000 Paralympic Summer Games in Sydney, where she won a total of three medals in cycling. She also participated in the 1994 Paralympic Winter Games in Lillehammer, and 1998 Paralympic Winter Games, in Nagano, in cross-country skiing.

She is visually impaired, competes in class B2 and cycled with Marianne Bruun.

1998 Winter Paralympics
The 1998 Winter Paralympics (Japanese: 1998年冬季パラリンピック, Hepburn: 1998-Nen Tōki Pararinpikku), the seventh Paralympic Winter Games, were held alongside the Winter Olympics in Nagano, Nagano Prefecture, Japan, from 5 to 14 March 1998. They were the first Paralympic Winter Games to be held in Asia. 571 athletes competed in Nagano; as of 2022 it remains the highest number of athletes competing at any Winter Paralympics.
Jack Russell (priest)
John "Jack" Russell (21 December 1795 – 28 April 1883), was an English parson, dog breeder, and enthusiastic follower of country sports, particularly fox hunting. He was known as "The Sporting Parson".

Russell developed the Jack Russell Terrier and the Parson Russell Terrier, both of which are a variety of the Fox Terrier breed.

Fox hunting
Fox hunting is an activity involving the tracking, chase and, if caught, the killing of a fox, normally a red fox, by trained foxhounds or other scent hounds. A group of unarmed followers, led by a "master of foxhounds" (or "master of hounds"), follow the hounds on foot or on horseback.

Fox hunting with hounds, as a formalised activity, originated in England in the sixteenth century, in a form very similar to that practised until February 2005, when a law banning the activity in England and Wales came into force. A ban on hunting in Scotland had been passed in 2002, but it continues to be within the law in Northern Ireland and several other jurisdictions, including Australia, Canada, France, Ireland and the United States.

The sport is controversial, particularly in the United Kingdom. Proponents of fox hunting view it as an important part of rural culture and useful for reasons of conservation and pest control, while opponents argue it is cruel and unnecessary.
I Don't Trust Men Anymore
I Don't Trust Men Anymore (Spanish: Yo no creo en los hombres) is a Mexican telenovela produced by Giselle González for Televisa. It is based on Yo no creo en los hombres (1991), produced by Lucy Orozco.

Critically acclaimed, it was the most awarded telenovela of 2014 and is widely considered to be one of the best telenovelas of the decade.

It stars Alejandro Camacho, Adriana Louvier, Gabriel Soto and Flavio Medina.

Production of Yo no creo en los hombres officially started on July 7, 2014.

Yo no creo en los hombres
Yo no creo en los hombres is a Mexican telenovela produced by Lucy Orozco in association with Isabelle Tardán for Televisa in 1991. It is based on the radionovela Yo no creo en los hombres written by Caridad Bravo Adams.
Vagif Rza Ibrahimov
Vagif Rza Ibrahimov (born May 9, 1947, in Jahri, Azberbaijan) is an Azerbaijani mathematician specialising in numerical analysis, particularly numerical methods of differential, integral and integro-differential equations. He is a member of the Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences (ANAS), the American Mathematical Society, the European Mathematical Society and is a professor at Baku State University. Ibrahimov has published more than 100 scientific articles in international journals and is best known for his contributions to multi-step methods, forward jumping methods and extensions of Dahlquist's theory.

Linear multistep method
Linear multistep methods are used for the numerical solution of ordinary differential equations. Conceptually, a numerical method starts from an initial point and then takes a short step forward in time to find the next solution point. The process continues with subsequent steps to map out the solution. Single-step methods (such as Euler's method) refer to only one previous point and its derivative to determine the current value. Methods such as Runge–Kutta take some intermediate steps (for example, a half-step) to obtain a higher order method, but then discard all previous information before taking a second step. Multistep methods attempt to gain efficiency by keeping and using the information from previous steps rather than discarding it. Consequently, multistep methods refer to several previous points and derivative values. In the case of linear multistep methods, a linear combination of the previous points and derivative values is used.
Gunnar Kalrasten
Gunnar Kalrasten (5 September 1905 – 5 May 1964) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was born in Biri.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Oppland in 1950, and was re-elected on three occasions. He had previously been a deputy representative in the period 1945–1949. During this term he served twice as a regular representative meanwhile Olav Meisdalshagen and later Lars Magnus Moen were appointed to the Cabinet. He died in 1964 before the end of his last term, and was replaced by Per Mellesmo.

Kalrasten was deputy mayor of Biri municipality in the periods 1945–1947 and 1947–1951.

Per Mellesmo
Per Mellesmo (15 September 1919 in Vågå – 21 March 1997) was a Norwegian politician for the Labour Party.

He was elected to the Norwegian Parliament from Oppland in 1965, and was re-elected on two occasions. He had previously served as a deputy representative during the terms 1954–1957, 1958–1961 and 1961–1965.

On the local level she was a member of the municipal council for Nord-Fron Municipality from 1951 to 1963 and 1979 to 1987. From 1967 to 1971 she was also a member of Oppland county council. He chaired the municipal party chapter for several periods.

Outside politics he worked as a gardener in Biri, Sandnes, Moss, Denmark, and finally Vinstra.
Non più andrai
"Non più andrai" (You shall go no more) is an aria for bass from Mozart's 1786 opera The Marriage of Figaro, K. 492. The Italian libretto was written by Lorenzo Da Ponte based on a stage comedy by Pierre Beaumarchais, La folle journée, ou le Mariage de Figaro (1784). It is sung by Figaro at the end of the first act.

Lorenzo Da Ponte
Lorenzo Da Ponte (né Emanuele Conegliano; 10 March 1749 – 17 August 1838) was an Italian, later American librettist, poet and Roman Catholic priest. He wrote the libretti for 28 operas by 11 composers, including three of Mozart's most celebrated operas: The Marriage of Figaro (1786), Don Giovanni (1787), and Così fan tutte (1790).

He was the first professor of Italian literature at Columbia University, and with Manuel Garcia, the first to introduce Italian opera to America. Aside from his relationship with Mozart, Da Ponte was also a close friend of Casanova.
Fondant Garden
Fondant Garden (Chinese: 翻糖花園; pinyin: Fan Tang Hua Yuan) is a 2012 Taiwanese drama starring South Korean singer Park Jung-min, Jian Man-shu, Kingone Wang, and Lia Lee. The series was first broadcast in Taiwan on free-to-air China Television (CTV) on 24 February and ongoing for 16 episodes.

Kingone Wang
Kingone Wang (Chinese: 王傳一; pinyin: Wáng Chuányī; born 5 May 1980) is a Taiwanese actor, singer and host. He was part of the boy band Comic Boyz and winner of Taiwanese Golden Bell Awards for Best Supporting Actor. He is the alumni of both National Chiao Tung University and Chinese Culture University.
Huang Tzu-peng
Huang Tzu-peng (Chinese: 黃子鵬; Wade–Giles: Huang2 Tzu3-peng2; born 19 March 1994 in Kaohsiung, Taiwan) is a Taiwanese professional baseball starting pitcher for the TSG Hawks of the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in Taiwan. He has previously played in the CPBL for the Lamigo / Rakuten Monkeys. Huang is a four-time CPBL All-Star.

TSG Hawks
The TSG Hawks (Chinese: 台鋼雄鷹) are a Taiwanese professional baseball team based in Kaohsiung. The Hawks compete in the Chinese Professional Baseball League (CPBL) in Taiwan and play their home games at Chengcing Lake Baseball Stadium. The team is owned by Taiwan Steel Group and was formed in 2022 as part of the CPBL expansion. They joined the CPBL's minor league for the 2023 season, and made their debut in the major league in the 2024 season.
Tautira
Tautira is a Polynesian beach village, valley, and point on the south-east coast of the island of Tahiti in the Pacific. It is part of the commune Taiʻarapu-Est.  With a population of 2,527 (in 2022), it is located 49 kilometres southeast of the Tahitian capital of Papeete on the coast of Tautira Bay, at the end of what is the largest valley of the Taiarapu Peninsula. Domingo de Bonechea visited the area in 1772 and attempted to spread Christianity here; James Cook landed at Tautira Bay during his voyage. Robert Louis Stevenson referred to the village as “The Garden of the World”, staying here to recover from illness in 1886. The village contains a Catholic church.

Teahupoʻo
Teahupoʻo (Tahitian pronunciation: [te.a.hu.ˈpo.ʔo]) is a village on the southeastern coast of the island of Tahiti in French Polynesia, France, in the southern Pacific Ocean. It is known for the large, consistent surf that occurs off its shore, and resulting international surfing competitions.
Zindlenspitz
The Zindlenspitz (2,097 m [6,880 ft]) is a mountain of the Schwyzer Alps, located on the border between the Swiss cantons of Schwyz and Glarus. It lies on the range between the Wägitalersee and the Obersee, south of the Brünnelistock.

Brünnelistock
The Brünnelistock (2,133 m [6,998 ft]) is a mountain of the Schwyzer Alps, located on the border between the cantons of Schwyz and Glarus, Switzerland. It lies north of the Mutteristock, on the range between the Wägitalersee and the Obersee.
The Wonderful Story (1932 film)
The Wonderful Story is a 1932 British drama film directed by Reginald Fogwell and starring Wyn Clare, John Batten and Moore Marriott. It was based on the 1921 short story of the same name written by I.A.R. Wylie, which had previously been turned into a 1922 silent film of the same title. A quota quickie, it was largely shot on location in Devon.

Moore Marriott
George Thomas Moore Marriott (14 September 1885 – 11 December 1949) was an English character actor best remembered for the series of films he made with Will Hay. His first appearance with Hay was in the film Dandy Dick (1935), but he was a significant supporting performer in Hay's films from 1936 to 1940, and while he starred with Hay during this period he played a character called "Harbottle" that was based on a character Marriott usually played. His character Harbottle was originally created by Hay when he used the character in his "The fourth form at St. Michael's" sketches in the 1920s.
George Rosso
George Anthony Rosso (January 15, 1930 – January 28, 1994) was an American professional football defensive back in the National Football League (NFL) for the Washington Redskins.  He played college football at Ohio State University and was drafted in the 25th round of the 1954 NFL draft.

1954 NFL draft
The 1954 NFL draft was held on January 28, 1954, at The Bellevue-Stratford Hotel in Philadelphia.

This was the eighth year that the first overall pick was a bonus pick determined by lottery. With the previous seven winners ineligible from the draw, only the Baltimore Colts, Chicago Cardinals, Cleveland Browns, Green Bay Packers, and Pittsburgh Steelers had an equal chance of winning. The draft lottery was won by Cleveland, who selected quarterback Bobby Garrett.
AN/ALR-67 radar warning receiver
The AN/ALR-67 radar warning receiver (RWR) is an electronic warfare receiver designed to warn an aircraft's crew of potentially hostile radar activity. It is a combined threat warning and electronic countermeasures control system built to be successor for the United States Navy's AN/ALR-45 utilized on several aircraft types including the A-6E Intruder (SWIP), AV-8B Harrier II Plus, EA-6B Prowler, F-14 Tomcat, and F/A-18 Hornet/Super Hornet.

In accordance with the Joint Electronics Type Designation System (JETDS), the "AN/ALR-67" designation represents the 67th design of an Army-Navy airborne electronic device for countermeasures receiver equipment. The JETDS system also now is used to name all Department of Defense and some NATO electronic systems.

Electronic warfare
Electromagnetic warfare or electronic warfare (EW) is warfare involving the use of the electromagnetic spectrum (EM spectrum) or directed energy to control the spectrum, attack an enemy, or impede enemy operations. The purpose of electromagnetic warfare is to deny the opponent the advantage of—and ensure friendly unimpeded access to—the EM spectrum. Electromagnetic warfare can be applied from air, sea, land, or space by crewed and uncrewed systems and can target communication, radar, or other military and civilian assets.
Bogi (singer)
Boglárka Dallos-Nyers (born 2 April 1997), better known as simply Bogi or Bogi Dallos, is a Hungarian music coach, singer-songwriter and actress, best known for participating in A Dal 2013, 2014 and 2015.

Hungary in the Eurovision Song Contest 2013
Hungary was represented at the Eurovision Song Contest 2013 in Malmö, Sweden. The Hungarian entry was selected through a national selection format titled again A Dal (which means "The Song"), consisting of three heats, two semi-finals and a final, organised by the Hungarian broadcaster MTVA. ByeAlex represented Hungary with the song "Kedvesem", which qualified from the second semi-final of the competition and finished in 10th place in the final, scoring 84 points.
Uskorenie
Uskorenie (Russian: ускорение, IPA: [ʊskɐˈrʲenʲɪɪ̯ə]; literally meaning acceleration) was a slogan and a policy announced by Communist Party General Secretary Mikhail Gorbachev on 20 April 1985 at a Soviet Party Plenum, aimed at the acceleration of political, social and economic development of the Soviet Union. It was the first slogan of a set of reforms that also included  perestroika (restructuring), glasnost (transparency), new political thinking, and demokratizatsiya (democratization).

New political thinking
New political thinking (Russian: Новое политическое мышление), or simply new thinking (Russian: Новое мышление) was the doctrine put forth by Mikhail Gorbachev as part of his reforms of the Soviet Union. Its major elements were de-ideologization of international politics, abandoning the concept of class struggle, priority of universal human interests over the interests of any class, increasing interdependence of the world, and mutual security based on political rather than military instruments. The doctrine constituted a significant shift from the previous principles of Soviet foreign policy.
CodeMonkey (software)
CodeMonkey is an educational computer coding environment that allows beginners to learn computer programming concepts and languages. CodeMonkey is intended for students ages 6–14. Students learn text-based coding on languages like  Python, Blockly and CoffeeScript, as well as learning the fundamentals of computer science and math.
The software was first released in 2014, and was originally developed by Jonathan Schor, Ido Schor and Yishai Pinchover, supported by the Center for Educational Technology in Israel.

Blockly
Computer programming portal

Free and open-source software portal

Blockly is a client-side library for the programming language JavaScript for creating block-based visual programming languages (VPLs) and editors. A project of Google, it is free and open-source software released under the Apache License 2.0. It typically runs in a web browser.

Blockly uses visual blocks that help simplify programming, and can generate code in JavaScript, Lua, Dart, Python, or PHP.