hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
New American University model
The New American University model is a concept proposed by Michael M. Crow, the 16th president of Arizona State University (ASU), in 2014. It primarily emphasizes expanding admitted class sizes and adapting teaching methods accordingly at universities.

The concept was first adopted by Arizona State University after being implemented in 2014 by the ASU Charter, and was introduced in Crow's 2015 book "Designing the New American University", in which the model was supported by former president Bill Clinton and former Florida governor Jeb Bush. The move is widely credited with boosting ASU's acceptance rate and increasing class size, making it become one of the largest public universities in the United States by enrollment. Inside Higher Ed criticized that the initiative increases the commercialization and corporatization of education, claiming that "Arizona State is indistinguishable from Amazon."

Corporatization
Corporatization is the process of transforming and restructuring state assets, government agencies, public organizations, or municipal organizations into corporations. It involves the adoption and application of business management practices and the separation of ownership from management through the creation of a joint-stock or shareholding structure for the organization. The result of corporatization is the creation of state-owned corporations (or corporations at other government levels, such as municipally owned corporations) where the government retains a majority ownership of the corporation's stock. Corporatization is undertaken to improve efficiency of an organization, to commercialize its operations, to introduce corporate and business management techniques to public functions, or as a precursor to partial or full privatization.
Blast from the Past (Veronica Mars)
"Blast from the Past" is the fifth episode of the second season of the American mystery television series Veronica Mars, and the twenty-seventh episode overall. Written by Phil Klemmer and Cathy Belben and directed by Harry Winer, the episode premiered on UPN on October 26, 2005.

The series depicts the adventures of Veronica Mars (Kristen Bell) as she deals with life as a high school student while moonlighting as a private detective. In this episode, Veronica helps Jackie Cook (Tessa Thompson) deal with her purported credit card fraud. Meanwhile, the Sheriff's race heats up, and Wallace (Percy Daggs III) faces the complicated aftermath of learning that Nathan Woods (Cress Williams) is actually his father.

Percy Daggs III
Percy Daggs III (born July 20, 1982) is an American actor best known for his role as Wallace Fennel in the Rob Thomas television series Veronica Mars. He is also known for starring in television commercials for Hot Pockets and Orbit Gum. He has had guest appearances on such shows as Boston Public, The Guardian, NYPD Blue and The Nightmare Room.

His younger sister was featured on MTV's Made as an aspiring surfer. He has a son called Percy Daggs IV.
136th Division (Imperial Japanese Army)
The 136th Division (第136師団, Dai-hyakusanjūroku Shidan) was an infantry division of the Imperial Japanese Army. Its call sign was the Invincible Division (不抜兵団, Fubatsu Heidan). It was formed 10 July 1945 in Benxi as a triangular division. It was a part of the 8 simultaneously created divisions batch comprising 134th,  135th, 136th, 137th, 138th, 139th, 148th and 149th divisions. The nucleus for the formation were the 2nd (Suifenhe) (or 3rd), 4th (Hulin) border guards groups, 46th transport guards group and 77th Independent Mixed Brigade.

Benxi
Benxi (Chinese: 本溪) is a prefecture-level city located in the east of Liaoning province, People's Republic of China, southeast of the provincial capital of Shenyang. As of the 2020 census, its population was 1,326,018 (1,709,538 in 2010), of whom 809,655 lived in the built-up area made of 3 urban districts (Pingshan, Xihu and Mingshan). It was founded as a metallurgical center in 1915. Benxi Iron and Steel Company (Bengang) is the largest employer in the city, and used to be the fourth-largest steel company in China. The second-largest industry in Benxi is coal mining. The city has pollution problems due to steel production and coal mining.
The Harvester
The Harvester is a 1936 American comedy film directed by Joseph Santley and written by Homer Croy, Robert Lee Johnson, Elizabeth Meehan and Gertrude Orr. It is based on the 1911 novel The Harvester by Gene Stratton-Porter, which had previously been turned into a 1927 silent film of the same title. The film stars Alice Brady, Russell Hardie, Ann Rutherford, Frank Craven, Cora Sue Collins and Emma Dunn. The film was released on April 18, 1936, by Republic Pictures.

Cora Sue Collins
Cora Susan Collins (April 19, 1927 – April 27, 2025) was an American former child actress who appeared in films during the Golden Years of Hollywood. Although she did not make the transition to a film career in adulthood, she appeared in 47 films in total.
Panaeolus cyanescens
Panaeolus cyanescens, commonly known as the blue-staining panaeolus, is a psychoactive mushroom in the Bolbitiaceae family. When cultivated for their psychedelic properties, they may be referred to as Pan Cyan.

Psilocybin mushroom
Psilocybin mushrooms, or psilocybin-containing mushrooms, commonly known as magic mushrooms or as shrooms, are a type of hallucinogenic mushroom and a polyphyletic informal group of fungi that contain the prodrug psilocybin, which turns into the psychedelic psilocin upon ingestion. The most potent species are members of genus Psilocybe, such as P. azurescens, P. semilanceata, and P. cyanescens, but psilocybin has also been isolated from approximately a dozen other genera, including Panaeolus (including Copelandia), Inocybe, Pluteus, Gymnopilus, and Pholiotina.

Amongst other cultural applications, psilocybin mushrooms are used as recreational drugs. Psilocybin mushrooms were used ritualistically in pre-Columbian Mexico, but evidence of more widespread ancient use is limited.
Anderson Bay
Anderson Bay is a bay of Atlin Lake in northwestern British Columbia, Canada, located southwest of Pike Bay.

The landscape surrounding Anderson Bay lies in the Atlin Volcanic Field of the Northern Cordilleran Volcanic Province. During the Miocene period, a basaltic lava flow engulfed the southern end of Anderson Bay. Remnants of this lava flow are present as columnar-jointed lava flows.

Atlin Volcanic Field
The Atlin Volcanic Field, also called the Llangorse Volcanic Field and the Surprise Lake Volcanic Field, is a group of late-Pleistocene to Holocene cinder cones that lies on the Teslin Plateau east of Atlin Lake, Canada. The largest volcanic feature is the 1880-m-high Ruby Mountain, which has been partially dissected by Pleistocene and post-Wisconsin glaciation. Two basaltic cinder cones at the heads of Cracker Creek and Volcanic Creek lie within glacially dissected U-shaped valleys and may be of postglacial age.
Branden Grace
Branden John Grace (born 20 May 1988) is a South African professional golfer. He currently plays for LIV Golf. Grace formerly played on the European Tour, the PGA Tour, and the Sunshine Tour. In 2012, he became the first player in the history of the European Tour to win his first four European Tour titles in the same year. In 2017, Grace recorded the lowest score ever in a major championship when he shot a 62 in the Open Championship.

Sunshine Tour
The Sunshine Tour is a men's professional golf tour based in Southern and East Africa. For much of its early history it was known either as the Southern Africa Tour or Sunshine Circuit; through sponsorship deals, it has also been known as the FNB Tour and the Vodacom Tour. For the 2000–01 season the tour rebranded itself as the Sunshine Tour in an attempt to broaden its appeal. A large majority of the tour events are still staged in South Africa.
Tilly of Bloomsbury (1931 film)
Tilly of Bloomsbury is a 1931 British comedy film directed by Jack Raymond and starring Sydney Howard, Phyllis Konstam, Richard Bird and Edward Chapman. It is based on the play Tilly of Bloomsbury by Ian Hay, previously adapted into a 1921 silent film of the same title It was shot at the Elstree Studios outside London. The film's sets were designed by the art director Clifford Pember. The screenplay concerns a woman who falls in love with an aristocrat.

Tilly of Bloomsbury (1921 film)
Tilly of Bloomsbury is a 1921 British silent comedy film directed by Rex Wilson and starring Edna Best, Tom Reynolds, Henry Kendall and Isabel Jeans. It is based on the play Tilly of Bloomsbury by Ian Hay, and was the first of three film adaptations.
Savak (band)
SAVAK is an indie rock band from Brooklyn, New York. Their debut album Best of Luck in Future Endeavors was released on Comedy Minus One in May 2016, garnering positive reviews in Magnet Magazine, Brooklyn Vegan, Noisey, Vol. 1 Brooklyn and Jersey Beat. The record received four stars in Mojo Magazine, who praised their "superior twin-guitar slash." Since then the band has released 5 additional albums, with the next four coming out on the Ernest Jenning record label including Cut-Ups in 2017, Beg Your Pardon in 2018, Rotting Teeth in the Horse's Mouth in 2020 and Human Error / Human Delight in 2022. SAVAK released their latest album Flavors of Paradise in March 2024 as a split release on their own record label, Peculiar Works Music, along with Ernest Jenning.

Sohrab Habibion of SAVAK was previously in the bands Obits and Edsel. Fellow singer and guitar-player Michael Jaworski spent time in both The Cops and Virgin Islands. Drummer Matt Schulz also serves a similar role with Holy Fuck.

Matt Schulz
Matt Schulz  is an American drummer who was in the past a member of Enon, Lab Partners, and Obits and is currently active as a member of Holy Fuck, Savak, Lake Ruth, Aperiodic, and Immersion (musicians).

He has also played with School of Seven Bells, The Boggs, Les Savy Fav, Summer Heart, Fred Armisen, US Girls, Anya van Rose, and Exit Angles.
Rachel Rath
Rachel Rath (born 2 October 1976, Gorey, County Wexford, Ireland) is an Irish film, television and theatre actress.

She has appeared in the films The Actors (2003), Laws of Attraction (2004), Ella Enchanted (2004) and Anton (2007). She has worked on a number of occasions with novelist and playwright Irvine Welsh, including starring in the European premiere of his play Babylon Heights and featuring in his short film directorial debut Nuts.

She also appeared in three feature films for Robbie Moffat: Cycle (2005), Axe Raiders (2005), and Dark Side of Heaven (2006). She founded 'The Attic Studio' with director Graham Cantwell in 2003, a network of Irish-based actors, writers and directors.

Laws of Attraction
Laws of Attraction is a 2004 romantic comedy film directed by Peter Howitt, based on a story by Aline Brosh McKenna and screenplay by Robert Harling and McKenna. It stars Pierce Brosnan and Julianne Moore.
Massachusetts's 14th congressional district
Massachusetts's 14th congressional district is an obsolete district that was first active 1795–1820 in the District of Maine, and again active 1903–1963 in eastern Massachusetts. It was most recently eliminated in 1963 after the 1960 U.S. census.  Its last congressman was Joseph William Martin Jr., who was redistricted into the 10th district.

Massachusetts's 10th congressional district
Massachusetts's 10th congressional district is an obsolete district that was active during 1795–2013. It was first located in the District of Maine during 1795–1803, then located in several different areas of Massachusetts. It was most recently eliminated in 2013 as district lines were redrawn to accommodate the loss of the seat due to reapportionment as a result of the 2010 census.

At the time the district was eliminated, it included parts of the South Shore and all of the Cape and Islands. Effective with the 2012 House elections, most of the former district was placed in the 9th district, with some northern portions placed in the 8th district.

Notable persons elected to the U.S. House of Representatives from the 10th congressional district include James Michael Curley, four-time Mayor of Boston, and John F. Fitzgerald, maternal grandfather of John F. Kennedy.
Main station (CTA Niles Center branch)
Main was a station on the Chicago Transit Authority's Niles Center branch, now known as the Yellow Line. The station was located at Main Street and Niles Center Road in Skokie, Illinois. Main was situated south of Dempster and north of Oakton. Main opened on March 28, 1925, and closed on March 27, 1948, upon the closing of the Niles Center branch.

Dempster–Skokie station
Dempster–Skokie, formerly known as Dempster, or Skokie, is an 'L' station on the CTA's Yellow Line at 5005 Dempster Street in Skokie, Illinois (directional coordinates 8800 north, 5000 west). It is one of three stops on the Yellow Line, and the line’s western terminus, Dempster–Skokie is one of two CTA rail stations in Skokie, and is at grade level.
Mônica da Silva
Mônica Pinto da Silva Driscoll, known professionally as Mônica da Silva, is a Brazilian-American singer-songwriter and musician, performing both as a solo artist and as a member of the indie duo Complicated Animals. Da Silva's sound can be classified as International Fusion, as it is influenced by Brazilian music, namely Bossa Nova, but also incorporates elements of Lounge, Electronica, Indie Pop, MPB, and Worldbeat. Da Silva has released two solo albums Miles From Nowhere and Brasilissima. Her compositions have been featured in TV & Film, such as the Golden Globe Award winning film Lady Bird (2017), and the Paramount Network series American Woman (2018).

American Woman (TV series)
American Woman is an American sitcom inspired by the childhood of actress and reality star Kyle Richards that premiered on June 7, 2018, on Paramount Network. The series was created by John Riggi and stars Alicia Silverstone, Mena Suvari, Jennifer Bartels, Makenna James, and Lia McHugh. On September 5, 2018, it was announced that the series had been cancelled after one season.
Mirusha Park
Mirusha Park (Albanian: Parku i Mirushës; Serbian: Парк Мируша, romanized: Park Miruša) is a regional park located in the central part of Kosovo on the eastern side of the Dukagjin Plain.

The area was put under protection in 1975 as a special nature reserve, with an area of 19,021.55 hectares (73.4426 mi2) by a decision of the municipality of Rahovec and Klina.

Due to its geoheritage values, specific landscapes, as well as high plant diversity, in 1982 it was declared a regional park in the fifth category (Protected Landscape) according to IUCN, with an area of 55,580.70 hectares (214.5983 mi2), stretching on three municipalities: Klina, Malisheva and Rahovec.

One year later, in 1983, due to hydrological, geomorphological and landscape values, the water flow of river Mirusha has also been put under protection in the third category (Natural Monument) according to IUCN. Its area consist of 1,197.29 hectares (4.6228 mi2) and belongs to Rahovec and Klina municipalities.

Malisheva
Malisheva or Mališevo (Serbian Cyrillic: Малишево, pronounced [mali'ʃevo], Albanian: Malishevë) is a town and municipality in Kosovo. The municipality is part of the District of Prizren and it is located in the central part of Kosovo. Malisheva has a population of 43,888 inhabitants.
Chemical cycling
Chemical cycling describes systems of repeated circulation of chemicals between other compounds, states and materials, and back to their original state, that occurs in space, and on many objects in space including the Earth. Active chemical cycling is known to occur in stars, many planets and natural satellites.

Chemical cycling plays a large role in sustaining planetary atmospheres, liquids and biological processes and can greatly influence weather and climate. Some chemical cycles release renewable energy, others may give rise to complex chemical reactions, organic compounds and prebiotic chemistry. On terrestrial bodies such as the Earth, chemical cycles involving the lithosphere are known as geochemical cycles. Ongoing geochemical cycles are one of the main attributes of geologically active worlds. A chemical cycle involving a biosphere is known as a biogeochemical cycle.

Ozone–oxygen cycle
The ozone–oxygen cycle is the process by which ozone is continually regenerated in Earth's stratosphere, converting ultraviolet radiation (UV) into heat. In 1930 Sydney Chapman resolved the chemistry involved. The process is commonly called the Chapman cycle by atmospheric scientists.

Most of the ozone production occurs in the tropical upper stratosphere and mesosphere. The total mass of ozone produced per day over the globe is about 400 million metric tons. The global mass of ozone is relatively constant at about 3 billion metric tons, meaning the Sun produces about 12% of the ozone layer each day.
Victorio Edades
Victorio Candido Edades (December 23, 1895 – March 7, 1985) was a Filipino painter. He led the revolutionary Thirteen Moderns, who engaged their classical compatriots in heated debate over the nature and function of art. He was named a National Artist in 1976. The history names Victorio Edades as “the father of Modern Philippine art". Schooled in the US upon his return he introduced an entirely new way of thinking about art. He argued that art can be more than representation of reality, it can be representation of reality as seen through the mind and emotions of the artist.

Fernando Amorsolo
Fernand Amorsolo y Cueto (May 30, 1892 – April 24, 1972) was a portraitist and painter of rural Philippine landscapes. Nicknamed the "Grand Old Man of Philippine Art," he was the first-ever to be recognized as a National Artist of the Philippines. He was recognized as such for his "pioneering use of impressionistic technique" as well as his skill in the use of lighting and backlighting in his paintings, "significant not only in the development of Philippine art but also in the formation of Filipino notions of self and identity."
Record Collection (record label)
Record Collection is an independent Los Angeles, California-based music company founded by filmmaker and music manager Jordan Tappis. Record Collection is home to a diverse roster which includes music from current Red Hot Chili Peppers' guitarist John Frusciante, The Walkmen, Blake Mills, Dawes, Murs, Black Knights and management clients Blake Mills, Matt Sweeney and Fiona Apple.

Matt Sweeney
Matt Sweeney (born July 2, 1969) is an American musician, songwriter, and record producer. Sweeney currently plays with The Hard Quartet. Sweeney is also the host of the web series Guitar Moves.

Sweeney’s history includes being the frontman for the band Chavez, half of the Superwolf duo, composer and performer for music in Red Dead Redemption 2, and session guitarist for Rick Rubin.
St. Frusquin
St. Frusquin (1893–1914) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a racing career that lasted from May 1895 to July 1896, he ran eleven times and won nine races. He was the best British two-year-old of 1895 when his five wins included the Middle Park Plate and the Dewhurst Plate. As a three-year-old, he added wins in the 2000 Guineas and two of the season's most valuable all-aged races: the Princess of Wales's Stakes and the Eclipse Stakes. He had a notable rivalry with Persimmon, who shared the same sire and was another outstanding British colt whom St. Frusquin defeated in two of their three racecourse meetings.

Donovan (horse)
Donovan (1886–1905) was a British Thoroughbred racehorse and sire. In a career that lasted from 1888 to 1889, he ran twenty-one times and won eighteen races. He was the leading British two-year-old of 1888 when he won eleven of his thirteen starts. At the age of three Donovan won The Derby and the St Leger: he failed to win the English Triple Crown owing to a narrow and probably unlucky defeat in the 2000 Guineas. He set a world record by earning a total of £55,443 in win prize money. Donovan was a modest success as a stallion. He died after being injured in an accident in 1905.
Brian Hetherington
Brian Hetherington (born 14 January 1954) is an Australian former professional rugby league footballer who played in the 1970s and 1980s. He played in the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) competition. He primarily played in the centres. Hetherington played for the Newtown Jets and the Illawarra Steelers.

While attending Figtree High School, Hetherington played for the Australian Schoolboys team in 1972.

Hetherington was selected to represent New South Wales in game I of the 1984 State of Origin series and game II of the 1986 series.

Newtown Jets
The Newtown Jets are a rugby league football club based in Marrickville, a suburb of Sydney's inner west. They currently compete in the NSW Cup competition, having left the top grade after the 1983 NSWRFL season. The Jets' home ground is Henson Park, and their team colours are blue (traditionally royal blue) and white.

Established in 1908, Newtown were one of the founding members of the New South Wales Rugby Football League. They competed continuously in the NSWRFL premiership until their departure in 1983, the first reduction in the League since 1937. Over this period they won the competition three times.
Newton-le-Willows railway station
Newton-le-Willows railway station is a railway station in the town of Newton-le-Willows, in the Metropolitan Borough of St Helens, and at the edge of the Merseytravel region (16+1⁄4 miles (26.2 km) from Liverpool Lime Street).  The station is branded Merseyrail. The station is situated on the northern route of the Liverpool to Manchester Line, the former Liverpool and Manchester Railway which opened in 1830. It is a busy feeder station for nearby towns which no longer have railway stations, such as Golborne, Billinge and Haydock.  There is also a complimentary bus shuttle service to Haydock Park Racecourse on certain racedays.

Wigan North Western railway station
Wigan North Western is one of two railway stations that serve the town centre of Wigan, in Greater Manchester, England; the other is Wigan Wallgate, 110 yards (100 m) away. It lies on the West Coast Main Line, with services operated by Avanti West Coast, Northern Trains and TransPennine Express.

The station is suffixed North Western because it formerly belonged to the London and North Western Railway (LNWR). In 2009, it was identified as one of the ten worst category B interchange stations for mystery shopper assessment of fabric and environment and was set to receive a share of £50m funding for improvements.
Michael Cahill (hurler)
Michael Cahill (born 3 January 1989) is an Irish hurler who currently plays as a left corner-back at senior level for the Tipperary county team.

Cahill made his first appearance for the team during the 2009 National League and has become a regular player over the last few seasons. During that time he has won two All-Ireland winners' medals, four Munster winners' medals and one All-Star award. He has ended up as an All-Ireland runner-up on three occasions.

At club level Cahill is a six-time county club championship medalist with Thurles Sarsfield's and has also won the Munster Senior Club Hurling Championship on one occasion.

Thurles Sarsfields GAA
Thurles Sarsfields is a Tipperary GAA club which is located in County Tipperary, Ireland. Both hurling and Gaelic football are played in the "Mid-Tipperary" divisional competitions. The club is centred in the town of Thurles at Semple Stadium. The club was founded in 1881 and is the most honoured club in the county, with 36 Tipperary Senior Hurling Championship titles. Thurles Sarsfields are affiliated with the town's juvenile club Dúrlas Óg.