hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Jim Fruchterman
Jim Fruchterman is an engineer and social entrepreneur. He was the founder and longtime CEO of Benetech, a Silicon Valley nonprofit technology company that develops software applications to address unmet needs of users in the social sector. In 2018, Fruchterman started a new nonprofit called Tech Matters to develop technology solutions that can benefit social sector organizations. He is the recipient of numerous awards, including the MacArthur Fellowship and the Skoll Award for Social Entrepreneurship. Fruchterman is the author of Technology for Good, published by MIT Press, which will be published in September, 2025.

Skoll Foundation
The Skoll Foundation is an American private foundation based in Palo Alto, California. The foundation makes grants and investments intended to reduce global poverty. It was founded by Jeffrey Skoll in 1999. The total assets of the foundation (including its affiliated funds) amount to $1.127 billion as of 2018. The combined entities made grants totaling about $71 million in 2018 (and disbursements of $56 million), based on unaudited numbers reported by the foundation. According to the most recent audited financial statements, the non-grant expenses for the foundation totaled around $17 million in 2018.
J. Alberto Aragon-Correa
J. Alberto Aragon-Correa (also known as Alberto Aragon and Juan Alberto Aragón Correa) is a business data scientist and the current Professor of Management and Director of the Talent Incubator at the University of Granada. Aragon-Correa serves as the founding director of three endowed chairs dedicated to providing complimentary mentoring and resources to university students, focusing on the areas of leadership and sustainability.

Previously Aragon-Correa was an Honorary Professor of Management and Professor of International Business at the University of Surrey (United Kingdom). He was also a guest visiting scholar at University of California, Los Angeles (USA), University of California, Berkeley (USA), and ETH Zurich (Switzerland).

University of Granada
The University of Granada (Spanish: Universidad de Granada, UGR) is a public university located in the city of Granada, Spain, and founded in 1531 by Emperor Charles V. With more than 60,000 students, it is the fourth largest university in Spain. Apart from the city of Granada, UGR also has campuses in Ceuta and Melilla.

The university's Center for Modern Languages (CLM) receives over 10,000 international students each year. In 2014, UGR was voted the best Spanish university by international students. Outstanding in varied fields from Classics to Modern Languages and Computer Science, it has been recognised as the second best university in Spain and as one of the most important among European ancient universities.
Arthur G. Robinson
Arthur G. Robinson (born 1936) was an American bridge player from Villanova, Pennsylvania. During the 1960s he played on three North America or USA open teams that were runners-up to Italy (the Blue Team) in world championships. Robert Jordan was his regular partner on all three occasions.

Robinson's first "national"-level victory in the American Contract Bridge League may have been his greatest. He was one of "four young bridge experts led by [Jordan]" who won the annual Vanderbilt Cup in 1961, when it was contested in a 64-team double-elimination tournament. Their teammates were Charlie Coon, manager of the Boston Chess Club, and Eric Murray, a Toronto lawyer. Jordan–Robinson went on to qualify for the 6-man North America team in the 1963 Bermuda Bowl where they finished second to Italy's Blue Team—as Coon–Murray had qualified in 1962 with the same result.

Blue Team (bridge)
The Blue Team (Italian: "Squadra azzurra") represented Italy in international contract bridge tournaments, winning sixteen world titles from 1957 through 1975. From 1964 to 1969 and during a 1972 comeback, the team comprised three regular pairs: Walter Avarelli–Giorgio Belladonna, Pietro Forquet–Benito Garozzo, and Massimo D'Alelio–Camillo Pabis Ticci. Eugenio Chiaradia and Guglielmo Siniscalco played in early years; Dano De Falco, Arturo Franco, and Vito Pittalà in late years. The spiritual father, long-time coach, and non-playing captain through 1966 was Carl'Alberto Perroux.
David Spiegelhalter
Sir David John Spiegelhalter (born 16 August 1953) is a British statistician  and a Fellow of Churchill College, Cambridge. From 2007 to 2018 he was Winton Professor of the Public Understanding of Risk in the Statistical Laboratory at the University of Cambridge. Spiegelhalter is an ISI highly cited researcher.

He is currently Chair of the Winton Centre for Risk and Evidence Communication in the Centre for Mathematical Sciences at Cambridge. On 27 May 2020 he joined the board of the UK Statistics Authority as a non-executive director for a period of three years, a term which was extended through to 2026.

Adrian Smith (statistician)
Sir Adrian Frederick Melhuish Smith, FRS (born 9 September 1946) is a British statistician who was chief executive of the Alan Turing Institute from 2018 to 2023 and president of the Royal Society from 2020 to 2025.
Ganesh Jena
Ganesh Chandra Jena (born 5 May 1972) is a mountaineer from Odisha, India. He reached the peak of Mount Everest on 18 May 2011 as the first male from the eastern state of Orissa. Two other Indians in his team were Amit Kumar from Haryana and Jackie Jack from Rajasthan. The team was headed by Anshu Jamsenpa, 32.
After Kalpana Dash, Ganesh Jena achieved this feat as the second Oriya and the first man from Odisha
"Willpower, patience and determination hold the key to success. My target is to scale the Everest twice in one season," he said to media persons after his successful Everest mission.

Kalpana Dash
Kalpana Dash (Odia: କଳ୍ପନା ଦାଶ; 7 July 1966 – 23 May 2019) was an Indian mountaineer and the first Odia climber to scale Mount Everest. She scaled Mount Everest on 21 May 2008, along with a team of five members from the United States, Canada and Nepal.

She had attempted to climb Mount Everest twice before, once in 2004 and once in 2006, but failed due to bad weather and health conditions.
Dave Formula
Dave Formula (born David Tomlinson 11 August 1946, Whalley Range, Manchester in England), is an English keyboardist and film-soundtrack composer from Manchester, who played with the post-punk bands Magazine and Visage during the end of the 1970s and the beginning of the 1980s and in the "world music" band The Angel Brothers.

Whalley Range, Manchester
Whalley Range is an area of Manchester, England, 2 miles (3.2 km) south-west of the city centre. The population at the 2011 census was 15,430. Historically in Lancashire, it was one of the earliest of the city's suburbs, built by local businessman Samuel Brooks.
Kevin Davy
Kevin G. Davy (born 29 October 1961, Nottingham, UK) is a British jazz trumpeter/flugelhorn player, composer, arranger and bandleader. He has recorded with and toured with Finley Quaye, Lamb, Adam F and Lemn Sissay's Secret Society. He has led the Kevin Davy Quartet (KDQ), D’Semble, and Kevin Davy's Monster Jam . In 1992 Davy was given the Manchester Jazz Musician of the Year Award by BBC Radio Manchester show The People.

Relocating to Manchester in 1986, Davy studied at the Manchester Metropolitan University, attaining a Bachelor of Arts Degree (B.A) in General Arts (Humanities) in 1990. While enrolled there he attended the weekly jazz improvisation workshops organized by Colin Stansfield in the nearby All Saints College, subsumed into the campus of Manchester Metropolitan University.

Finley Quaye
Finley Quaye (born 25 March 1974, Edinburgh, Scotland) is a Scottish musician. He won the 1997 Mobo Award for best reggae act, and the 1998 BRIT Award for Best Male Solo Artist. His debut album, Maverick a Strike, a fusion of many styles including reggae and soul, was a commercial success and was certified double platinum by the British Phonographic Industry.
Cliff Tamplin
Clifford Tamplin (14 May 1920 – 1 February 2006), also known as Cyril Tamplin, was a Welsh cricketer. Tamplin was a right-handed batsman who played primarily as a wicket-keeper.

Tamplin was born in Cardiff, Glamorgan in May 1920. He made his first-class debut while on war service in India for Bengal against Bihar in the 1942/43 Ranji Trophy at Eden Gardens, Calcutta.

Tamplin later returned to the United Kingdom and made his first-class debut for Glamorgan against the touring South Africans in 1947. Tamplin played 2 further first-class matches for the county in 1947, against Kent and Derbyshire. In his 4 first-class matches, he scored 56 runs at a batting average of 18.66 and a high score of 40*.  Behind the stumps he took 8 catches and made 2 stumpings. His first-class career may have lasted longer, had it not been for the presence of Haydn Davies in the Glamorgan side. Tamplin died in Leominster, Herefordshire on 1 February 2006, at the age of 85.

Haydn Davies (cricketer)
Haydn George Davies (23 April 1912 – 4 September 1993) was a Welsh-born cricketer for Glamorgan County Cricket Club.

Davies is regarded as being one of the best wicketkeepers to have played for Glamorgan, taking 789 dismissals from his 423 first class games between 1935 and 1958. With 82 victims in 1955, he set a new record for the county. He took eight dismissals in a match against the South African touring team in 1955.

He was selected for a Test trial in 1946, but was kept out of the English side by Godfrey Evans.
Georges de la Falaise
Louis Venant Gabriel Le Bailly de La Falaise (24 March 1866 in Luçon – 8 April 1910 in Paris) was a French fencer. He participated in Fencing at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the gold medal in the sabre, defeating fellow French fencer Henri Masson in the final. He also participated in Fencing at the 1908 Summer Olympics but was beaten in the final round, finishing in last place.

By his wife, the former Henriette Hennessy, he had four children:

Louise Le Bailly de La Falaise, (1894-1910)

James Henry Le Bailly de La Falaise, 1898–1972), who married American movie stars Gloria Swanson and Constance Bennett

Alain Le Bailly de La Falaise, (1905–1977), first husband of model Maxime de la Falaise and father of fashion muse/designer Loulou de la Falaise

Richard Le Bailly de La Falaise, (1910–1945)

Henri Masson (fencer)
Eugène Henri Masson (17 January 1872 in Paris – 17 January 1963 in Meudon) was a French fencer who competed in the late 19th century and early 20th century.

He participated in Fencing at the 1900 Summer Olympics in Paris and won the silver medal in the foil. He was defeated by fellow French fencer Émile Coste in the final.
McMahon government
The McMahon government was the period of federal executive government of Australia led by Prime Minister William McMahon of the Liberal Party. It was made up of members of a coalition between the Liberal Party and the Country Party, led by Doug Anthony as Deputy Prime Minister. The McMahon government lasted from March 1971 to December 1972, being defeated at the 1972 federal election. Writing for the Australian Dictionary of Biography, Julian Leeser describes McMahon's prime ministership as "a blend of cautious innovation and fundamental orthodoxy".

McMahon ministry
The McMahon ministry (Liberal–Country Coalition) was the 46th ministry of the Australian Government. It was led by the country's 20th Prime Minister, William McMahon. The McMahon ministry succeeded the Second Gorton ministry, which dissolved on 10 March 1971 following the resignation of John Gorton as Prime Minister. The ministry was replaced by the First Whitlam ministry on 5 December 1972 following the federal election that took place on 2 December which saw Labor defeat the Coalition.

As of 1 May 2025, Ian Sinclair is the last surviving member of the McMahon ministry; Sinclair is also the last surviving minister of the Menzies, Holt, McEwen, and Gorton governments, as well as the First Fraser ministries. Tom Hughes was the last surviving Liberal minister, and Malcolm Fraser was the last surviving Liberal Cabinet minister. Tony Street was the last surviving assistant minister.
Walter G. R. Hinchliffe
Captain Walter George Raymond Hinchliffe DFC (10 June 1893 – 13 March 1928), also known as Hinch (the surname is often incorrectly given as Hinchcliffe) was a distinguished Royal Naval Air Service and Royal Air Force flying ace in World War I who was awarded the Distinguished Flying Cross. A pioneering military and civilian flying career was cut short when he attempted a treacherous flight across the Atlantic Ocean with Elsie Mackay in a single engined Stinson Detroiter.

Royal Naval Air Service
The Royal Naval Air Service (RNAS) was the air arm of the Royal Navy, under the direction of the Admiralty's Air Department, and existed formally from 1 July 1914 to 1 April 1918, when it was merged with the British Army's Royal Flying Corps to form the Royal Air Force (RAF), the world's first independent air force.

It was replaced by the Fleet Air Arm, initially consisting of those RAF units that normally operated from ships, but emerging as a separate unit similar to the original RNAS by the time of the Second World War.
John W. Creighton Jr.
John Watson Creighton Jr. (September 1, 1932 – January 29, 2020) was an American executive who served for nine years, from 1988 to 1997, as president and chief executive officer of Weyerhaeuser, a $7 billion, publicly traded timber company. In addition to Weyerhaeuser, he also served in senior management and executive positions with United Airlines, the University of Puget Sound, the U.S. Department of the Army, and the Boy Scouts of America.

United Airlines
United Airlines, Inc. is a major airline in the United States headquartered in Chicago, Illinois. It operates an extensive domestic and international route network across the United States and to destinations on six continents. Regional service is provided by independent carriers operating under the United Express brand, and the Star Alliance, of which United was one of the five founding airlines, extends its network throughout the world.

The principal figure behind the formation of the airline was William E. Boeing, founder of the Boeing Aircraft Company in 1916. He launched an air service between Victoria, British Columbia, and Seattle and later acquired three additional airlines, completing the merger by 1931 to form United Air Lines. Through successive mergers and acquisitions, United has remained one of the largest airlines in the world for much of its history.
Ibn al-Farid
Ibn al-Farid or Ibn Farid; (Arabic: عمر بن علي بن الفارض, `Umar ibn `Alī ibn al-Fārid) (22 March 1181 – 1234) was an Arab poet as well as a Sufi waliullah. His name is Arabic for "son of the obligator" (the one who divides the inheritance between the inheritors), as his father was well regarded for his work in the legal sphere. He was born in Cairo to parents from Hama in modern Syria, lived for some time in Mecca, and died in Cairo. His poetry is entirely Sufic and he was esteemed as the greatest mystic poet of the Arabs. Some of his poems are said to have been written in ecstasies.

Ibn al-Fāriḍ was arguably the most celebrated Sufi poet in the pre-modern Islamic world, with his poetry admired across both Arabic and Persian speaking regions of the Islamicate. The Persian poet Jami is known to have written a commentary on Ibn al-Fāriḍ's poems, and Sa'id al-Din Farghani also authored a Persian commentary on his work

Hama
Hama (Arabic: حَمَاة Ḥamāh, [ħaˈmaː]) is a city on the banks of the Orontes River in west-central Syria. It is located 213 kilometres (132 mi) north of Damascus and 46 km (29 mi) north of Homs. It is the provincial capital of the Hama Governorate, which is the only Governorate with no land borders with any foreign countries. With a population of 996,000 (2023 census), Hama is one of the four largest cities in Syria, with Damascus, Aleppo and Homs. Hama is known for its cheese-making tradition, notably reflected in a signature local dessert Halawet el Jibn.

The city is renowned for its seventeen norias used for watering the gardens, which are claimed to date back to 1100 BC. Though historically used for irrigation, the norias are used purely for show today and currently serve no direct purpose, being used as a tourist attraction and a symbol of the city, also this city is popular in protest during the assad regime (ex: Yalla Erhal Ya Bashar (song)
Martín Pérez (politician)
Martín Pérez Monteverde (born 4 February 1965) is a Peruvian politician. He is a Congressman representing the Constitutional Province of Callao for the period 2006–2011, and belongs to the National Unity party. From 2009 and 2010, he was the Minister of Foreign Trade and Tourism during the Second Presidency of Alan García.

Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism (Peru)
The Ministry of Foreign Trade and Tourism (Spanish: Ministerio de Comercio Exterior y Turismo, MINCETUR) of Peru is the government ministry in charge of issues pertaining to foreign trade of the Government of Peru and the promotion of tourism in the country.

As of 2025, the ministry is headed by Úrsula Desilú León.
Itch (album)
Itch is the sixth album from Canadian singer and guitarist Kim Mitchell. The album was released in 1994. This would be the last album to date that Mitchell would collaborate with lyricist Pye Dubois. Dubois didn't contribute any lyrics to Mitchell's previous album Aural Fixations, released two years before this album.

Aural Fixations
Aural Fixations is the fifth album from Canadian singer and guitarist Kim Mitchell. The album was released in 1992 and is certified gold in Canada. This is the first Kim Mitchell album (including the five Max Webster studio albums) that does not include songs co-written with Pye Dubois.
Munna Michael
Munna Michael is a 2017 Indian Hindi-language dance film directed by Sabbir Khan, written by Vimmi Datta, and produced by Viki Rajani and Eros International. The film features Tiger Shroff in the titular role, alongside Nawazuddin Siddiqui, Niddhi Agerwal, Ronit Roy, and Pankaj Tripathi in supporting roles. It marks the third collaboration of Shroff and Khan after Heropanti and Baaghi.

Munna Michael was released on 21 July 2017 to mixed-to-negative reviews from critics.

Heropanti
Heropanti (transl.  Heroic Antics/Big Attitude) is a 2014 Indian Hindi-language romantic action film directed by Sabbir Khan. Produced by Sajid Nadiadwala. The film features newcomers Tiger Shroff and Kriti Sanon, alongside Prakash Raj in a supporting role. It is a remake of 2008 Telugu film Parugu and was released on 23 May 2014. A sequel titled Heropanti 2 was released in 2022.
Topologies on spaces of linear maps
In mathematics, particularly functional analysis, spaces of linear maps between two vector spaces can be endowed with a variety of topologies. Studying space of linear maps and these topologies can give insight into the spaces themselves.

The article operator topologies discusses topologies on spaces of linear maps between normed spaces, whereas this article discusses topologies on such spaces in the more general setting of topological vector spaces (TVSs).

Bounded set (topological vector space)
In functional analysis and related areas of mathematics, a set in a topological vector space is called bounded or von Neumann bounded, if every neighborhood of the zero vector can be inflated to include the set. 
A set that is not bounded is called unbounded.

Bounded sets are a natural way to define locally convex polar topologies on the vector spaces in a dual pair, as the polar set of a bounded set is an absolutely convex and absorbing set. 
The concept was first introduced by John von Neumann and Andrey Kolmogorov in 1935.
Butler Road station
Butler Road station was a train station in South San Francisco, California, in operation until July 1983 on the Peninsula Commute, a commuter rail service run by Southern Pacific between San Francisco and communities on the San Francisco Peninsula. The Butler Road train shelter was built in 1926.

Peninsula Commute
The Peninsula Commute, also known as the Southern Pacific Peninsula or just Peninsula, was the common name for commuter rail service between San Jose and San Francisco on the San Francisco Peninsula. This service ran as a private, for-profit enterprise beginning in 1863. Due to operating losses, the Southern Pacific Railroad (SP) petitioned to discontinue the service in 1977. Subsidies were provided through Caltrans in 1980 to continue service, and it was renamed Caltrain in 1985.
Cone (topology)
In topology, especially algebraic topology, the cone of a topological space  is intuitively obtained by stretching X into a cylinder and then collapsing one of its end faces to a point. The cone of X is denoted by  or by  .

Cylinder
A cylinder (from Greek  κύλινδρος (kúlindros) 'roller, tumbler') has traditionally been a three-dimensional solid, one of the most basic of curvilinear geometric shapes. In elementary geometry, it is considered a prism with a circle as its base.

A cylinder may also be defined as an infinite curvilinear surface in various modern branches of geometry and topology. The shift in the basic meaning—solid versus surface (as in a solid ball versus sphere surface)—has created some ambiguity with terminology. The two concepts may be distinguished by referring to solid cylinders and cylindrical surfaces. In the literature the unadorned term "cylinder" could refer to either of these or to an even more specialized object, the right circular cylinder.
One Man Justice
One Man Justice is a 1937 American Western film directed by Leon Barsha and written by Paul Perez. The film stars Charles Starrett, Barbara Weeks, Wally Wales, Jack Rube Clifford, Alan Bridge and Walter Downing. The film was released on July 1, 1937, by Columbia Pictures.

Alan Bridge
Alfred Morton Bridge (February 26, 1891 – December 27, 1957 ) was an American character actor who played mostly small roles in over 270 films between 1931 and 1954.  Bridge's persona was an unpleasant, gravel-voiced man with an untidy moustache. Sometimes credited as Alan Bridge, and frequently not credited onscreen at all, he appeared in many Westerns, especially in the Hopalong Cassidy series, where he played crooked sheriffs and henchmen.
Baháʼí Faith in Afghanistan
The Baháʼí Faith in Afghanistan was possibly introduced in 1880s when some Baháʼís are believed to have visited Afghanistan. However, it wasn't until the 1930s that a Baháʼí community was established there. The first Baháʼí administrative institution  Local Spiritual Assembly was elected in 1948 in Kabul and then was re-elected in 1969. Though the population had perhaps reached thousands, under the Soviet invasion of Afghanistan and the harsh rule of the Taliban the Baháʼís lost the right to have any institutions and many fled. Although the Association of Religion Data Archives estimated there were some 16,541 Baháʼís in 2010, the Baháʼís in Afghanistan number at approximately 400 according to a more recent 2007 US estimate.

Operation Baikal-79
Operation Baikal-79 (Russian: Операция Байкал-79, Operatsiya Baykal-79) was the codename for the Soviet Union's military intervention in Afghanistan, initiated on December 25, 1979. The operation was aimed at taking control over approximately 20 key strongholds in and around Kabul, which included major military headquarters, communication centers and jails. It involved the deployment of approximately 30,000 Soviet troops into Afghanistan. A critical component of Operation Baikal-79 was Operation Storm-333, executed on 27 December 1979. This mission targeted the assassination of Afghan president Hafizullah Amin and the establishment of a Soviet-aligned government under Babrak Karmal. The assault on the Tajbeg Palace, Amin's residence, was carried out by a specialized force comprising KGB operatives and Soviet military personnel. The operation resulted in Amin's death and the installation of Karmal as the new leader.