hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Menahem ben Saruq
Menahem ben Saruq (also known as Menahem ben Jacob ibn Saruq, Hebrew: מנחם בן סרוק) was a Spanish-Jewish philologist of the tenth century CE. He was a skilled poet and polyglot. He was born in Tortosa around 920 and died around 970 in Cordoba. Menahem produced an early dictionary of the Hebrew language. For a time he was the assistant of the great Jewish statesman Hasdai ibn Shaprut, and was involved in both literary and diplomatic matters; his dispute with Dunash ben Labrat, however, led to his downfall.

Tortosa
Tortosa (Northwestern Catalan: [toɾˈtoza]; Spanish: [toɾˈtosa] ⓘ) is the capital of the comarca of Baix Ebre, in Catalonia, Spain.

Tortosa is located at 12 metres (39 feet) above sea level, by the Ebro river, protected on its northern side by the mountains of the Cardó Massif, of which Buinaca, one of the highest peaks, is located within Tortosa's municipal boundary.

Before Tortosa, across the river, rise the massive Ports de Tortosa-Beseit mountains. The area around Mont Caro and other high summits are often covered with snow in the winter.
Frédéric Rossif
Frédéric Rossif (February 16, 1922 – April 18, 1990) was a Yugoslav-born French film and television director who specialized primarily in documentaries, frequently using archive footage. He covered subjects including contemporary artists such as Pablo Picasso, African wildlife, and 20th century history. Rossif's best known work was To Die in Madrid (Mourir a Madrid), a film about the Spanish Civil War for which he won the Prix Jean Vigo in 1963. One of his final works was From Nuremberg to Nuremberg, a three-hour television documentary about Nazi Germany. He frequently collaborated with notable composers Maurice Jarre and Vangelis.

Prix Jean Vigo
The Prix Jean Vigo (French pronunciation: [pʁi ʒɑ̃ viɡo]) is an award in the French cinema given annually since 1951 to a French film director, in honor of Jean Vigo. Since 1960, the award has been given to both a director of a feature film and to a director of a short film. The award is usually given to a young director, for their independent spirit and stylistic originality.
Beacon Limestone Formation
The Beacon Limestone Formation, historically known as the Junction Bed, is a formation of the early Jurassic age (Pliensbachian–Toarcian). It lies above the Dyrham Formation and below the Bridport Sand Formation. It forms part of the Lias Group. It is found within the Wessex Basin and parts of Somerset, in England. It is well known for the Strawberry Bank Lagerstätte, which contains the 3-dimensionally preserved remains of vertebrates, including marine crocodyliformes, ichthyosaurs and fish, as well as insect compression fossils.

Bridport Sand Formation
The Bridport Sand Formation is a sandstone geological formation in central and southern England, noted for forming distinctive cliffs on the Jurassic Coast World Heritage Site. Bridport Sand is of Toarcian (Early Jurassic) age and is found in the Worcester and Wessex Basins.

The sandstone is very-fine grained to fine-grained and contains regular narrow bands that are calcite-cemented and more resistant to weathering, giving it a characteristic banded appearance at outcrop, such as in the cliffs between West Bay and Burton Bradstock in Dorset. It is named for Bridport and has previously been known as the Midford Sand(s), Cotteswold Sands, Yeovil Sands and Upper Lias Sand(s). It forms a locally important aquifer, particularly around Yeovil. It forms one of the reservoir units in the Wytch Farm oilfield in Dorset.
Nasir al-Fahd
Nasir al-Fahd (Arabic: ناصر الفهد, also known as Nasir bin Hamad al-Fahd; born 1968) is a Saudi Arabian Salafist Islamic scholar who supports jihad. He was arrested in 2003 by the Saudi Arabian government after "preaching to his followers to rise up against the infidels" and has since been held without charge as a political prisoner.

Ali al-Khudair
Ali al-Khudair (Arabic: علي الخُضير, romanized: ʿAlī al-Khuḍayr, also known as Ali bin al-Khudair, or Ali bin al-Khudayr)  is a Saudi Arabian thinker and scholar. He was arrested in 2003. He has been called a member of the  “al-Shu’aybi school”, named after his teacher, Hamoud al-Aqla al-Shuebi.
Zdzisław Stelmaszuk
Zdzisław Stelmaszuk (born May 23, 1936, in Przegaliny Duże) is a Polish military commander, Major General of the Polish Armed Forces, engineer, Doctor of Military Sciences, Head of the Military Engineering Corps of the Ministry of National Defense, Chief of the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces (1990–1992).

Polish General Staff
Polish General Staff, formally known as the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces (Polish: Sztab Generalny Wojska Polskiego) is the highest professional body within the Polish Armed Forces. Organizationally, it is an integral part of the Ministry of National Defence and the Chief of the General Staff is the highest ranking military officer at the Ministry. It was created in 1918, and was renamed the Main Staff (Sztab Główny) in 1928 before being reverted back to General Staff (Sztab Generalny) in 1945 by the Soviet-backed Communist government. Currently General Wiesław Kukuła holds the position of Chief of the General Staff of the Polish Armed Forces (Szef Sztabu Generalnego Wojska Polskiego).
One-dimensional symmetry group
A one-dimensional symmetry group is a mathematical group that describes symmetries in one dimension (1D).

A pattern in 1D can be represented as a function f(x) for, say, the color at position x.

The only nontrivial point group in 1D is a simple reflection. It can be represented by the simplest Coxeter group, A1, [ ], or Coxeter-Dynkin diagram .

Affine symmetry groups represent translation. Isometries which leave the function unchanged are translations x + a with a such that f(x + a) = f(x) and reflections a − x with a such that f(a − x) = f(x). The reflections can be represented by the affine Coxeter group [∞], or Coxeter-Dynkin diagram  representing two reflections, and the translational symmetry as [∞]+, or Coxeter-Dynkin diagram  as the composite of two reflections.

Translation (geometry)
In Euclidean geometry, a translation is a geometric transformation that moves every point of a figure, shape or space by the same distance in a given direction. A translation can also be interpreted as the addition of a constant vector to every point, or as shifting the origin of the coordinate system. In a Euclidean space, any translation is an isometry.
Williston, South Carolina
Williston  is a town in Barnwell County, South Carolina, United States.  The population was 3,139 at the 2010 census.

The town lies in the center of the Charleston-Hamburg railroad line, the line of the Best Friend locomotive. The train tracks were removed in the 1990s, but the track site has been designated as historically significant by the South Carolina Department of Archives. This section of the train route is now part of the South Carolina Heritage Corridor.

The small-town community once had its own newspaper, The Williston Way, founded in 1921.

Blackville, South Carolina
Blackville is a small town in Barnwell County, South Carolina, United States. As of the 2020 census, Blackville had a population of 1,923.

The town was named after Alexander Black, a railroad promoter.
2015–16 Saudi Crown Prince Cup
The 2015–16 Saudi Crown Prince Cup was the 41st season of the Saudi Crown Prince Cup since its establishment in 1957. This season's competition featured a total of 30 teams, 14 teams from the Pro League, and 16 teams from the First Division.

The holders were Al-Ahli who beat Al-Hilal 2–1 in the previous season's final on 13 February 2015.

The 2016 Saudi Crown Prince Cup Final was played between Al-Ahli and Al-Hilal at the King Fahd International Stadium in Riyadh. In a rematch of the previous year's final, Al-Hilal defeated holders Al-Ahli 2–1 in the final to win their record-extending 13th Crown Prince Cup title.

King Fahd Sports City Stadium
King Fahd Sports City Stadium (Arabic: ملعب مدينة الملك فهد الرياضية) is a multi-purpose stadium and the main stadium of the sports city in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The stadium is currently closed for reconstruction, which will expand its capacity to approximately 70,200 seats by 2026.
1995 South African Open (tennis)
The 1995 South African Open was a men's tennis tournament played on hard courts. It was the 90th edition of the South African Open (and the last to take place until 2009), and was part of the ATP World Series of the 1995 ATP Tour. It took place in Johannesburg, South Africa from 3 April through 9 April 1995. Martin Sinner won the singles title.

Martin Sinner
Martin Sinner (born 7 February 1968) is a professional tennis player from Germany.  He achieved a career-high singles ranking of world No. 42 in 1995.

Sinner played professional tennis for 15 years and earned $896,974. Currently he is a coach in tennis club SV Böblingen (Germany).
Blackrock–Glen Rovers hurling rivalry
The Blackrock–Glen Rovers rivalry is a hurling rivalry between Cork city club teams Blackrock and Glen Rovers. It is considered to be one of the biggest rivalries in Cork hurling.

Blackrock and Glen Rovers first played a senior championship match on 25 April 1926; as of October 2020, the two clubs have faced each other 39 times in total. Blackrock have won 19 and Glen Rovers have won 17, with three ending in a draw.

Regarded as two of Cork club hurling's "big three", with St Finbarr's making up the trio, a county final between "the Rockies" and "the Glen" is historically regarded as a special occasion.

1978 Cork Senior Hurling Championship
The 1978 Cork Senior Hurling Championship was the 90th staging of the Cork Senior Hurling Championship since its establishment by the Cork County Board in 1887. The championship began on 6 April 1978 and ended on 22 October 1978.

St. Finbarr's entered the championship as the defending champions, however, they were beaten by Glen Rovers in the semi-finals.

The final was played on 22 October 1978 at Páirc Uí Chaoimh in Cork, between Blackrock and Glen Rovers, in what was their first meeting in the final in two years. Blackrock won the match by 4–12 to 1–07 to claim their 27th championship title overall and a first title in three years.

Bandon's Pádraig Crowley was the championship's top scorer with 1-25.
Wong Tape
Benjamin Wong Tape OBE JP (Chinese: 黃炳耀; 26 December 1875 – 16 June 1967) was a merchant in New Zealand and Hong Kong. Born to Chinese immigrants in Dunedin, he received his education at schools in Hong Kong and Dunedin. He became known in Otago and Southland as a trader, but also as a translator. He permanently moved to Hong Kong at the age of 30, and had a prominent role with many organisations there. He was a member of the Urban Council of Hong Kong on two occasions.

Urban Council
The Urban Council (UrbCo) was a municipal council in Hong Kong responsible for municipal services on Hong Kong Island and in Kowloon (including New Kowloon). These services were provided by the council's executive arm, the Urban Services Department. Later, the equivalent body for the New Territories was the Regional Council.

The council was founded as the Sanitary Board in 1883. It was renamed the Urban Council when new legislation was passed in 1936 expanding its mandate. In 1973 the council was reorganised under non-government control and became financially autonomous. Originally composed mainly of ex-officio and appointed members, by the time the Urban Council was disbanded following the Handover it was composed entirely of members elected by universal suffrage.
Staurotypinae
The Staurotypinae are a subfamily of the family Kinosternidae of aquatic turtles, which contains the genera Claudius and Staurotypus.

Staurotypus exhibits XX/XY sex determination, in contrast to the temperature-dependent sex determination of most turtles. Although the exact mechanism of sex determination in Claudius is unknown, it is known to be genetically determined; it is suspected that it exhibits XX/XY sex determination as well.

Staurotypus
Staurotypus is a genus of aquatic turtles, commonly known as giant musk turtles, Mexican musk turtles, or three-keeled musk turtles, in the family Kinosternidae. The genus contains two recognized species, which are endemic to Mexico and Central America. Both species are sold and bred as pets.
1947 Pakistani Constituent Assembly election
Before the independence of Pakistan in 1947, members of the first term of the Constituent Assembly of Pakistan were elected through an indirect election held after June by the votes of the members of the legislative assemblies of Assam, Bengal, and Punjab.  Representatives from Baluchistan, the North-West Frontier, and Sind were taken directly through the earlier 1946 Constituent Assembly elections.

Baluchistan (Chief Commissioner's Province)
Baluchistan was a chief commissioners province of British India established in 1876. Upon the creation of Pakistan it acceded to the newly formed state. It was part of the Baluchistan Agency. It was dissolved to form a united province of West Pakistan in 1955 upon the creation of One Unit Scheme.
Kimiko Hahn
Kimiko Hahn (born July 5, 1955) is an American poet and distinguished professor in the MFA program of Queens College, CUNY. Her works frequently deal with the reinvention of poetic forms and the intersecting of conflicting identities.

In 2025,  The New York State Writers Institute announced that Kimiko Hahn was named  New York State Poet and would serve a two-year term as Poet Laureate.

Queens College, City University of New York
Queens College (QC) is a public college in the New York City borough of Queens. Part of the City University of New York system, Queens College occupies an 83-acre (34 ha) campus primarily located in Flushing.

Queens College was established in 1937 and offers undergraduate degrees in over 70 majors, graduate studies in over 100 degree programs and certificates, over 40 accelerated master's options, 20 doctoral degrees through the CUNY Graduate Center, and a number of advanced certificate programs. Alumni and faculty of the school, such as Arturo O'Farrill and Jerry Seinfeld, have received over 100 Grammy Award nominations.

The college is organized into seven schools. It competes in Division II of the NCAA and sponsors 15 men's and women's championship-eligible varsity teams.
Y. Kasi Viswanath
Yanamadala Kasi Viswanath is an Indian actor and film director known for his work in Telugu cinema. He has worked as an assistant director, associate director, and co-director on over 25 films. Viswanath made his directorial debut with the romantic comedy Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu (2002), which became a blockbuster. He then directed Tholi Choopulone (2003), which marked the debut of Nandamuri Kalyan Ram. In 2008, he transitioned to acting with Nachavule, which became a breakthrough role, and since then, he has appeared in over 90 films.

Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu
Nuvvu Leka Nenu Lenu (English: Without You, I Am Not There) is a 2002 Indian Telugu-language romantic comedy film, starring Tarun, Aarti Agarwal, Laya, Sarath Babu, Chandra Mohan, and Radha Kumari. This film was released on 14 January 2002 with positive reviews and became a blockbuster.
Randiya Dahara
Randiya Dahara (Golden Water) (Sinhala: රන්දිය දහර) is a 2004 Sri Lankan Sinhala drama film directed by Udayakantha Warnasuriya and produced by Neil Ranjth Palliyaguruge for R.J Films. It stars Geetha Kumarasinghe and Kamal Addararachchi in lead roles along with Jackson Anthony and Mahendra Perera. Music composed by veteran musician Premasiri Khemadasa. It is the 1045th Sri Lankan film in the Sinhala cinema.

Shooting was completed from fifty days in the locations in and around Colombo, Divulapitiya and Diyatalawa.

Geetha Kumarasinghe
Kumara Vidugalage Dona Geetha Samanmalee Kumarasinghe (born 5 July 1955: Sinhala: ගීතා කුමාරසිංහ), popularly known as Geetha Kumarasinghe, is a Sri Lankan film actress & politician. She previously served as a Member of a Parliament as well as being the State Minister of Women and Child Affairs from 2022 to 2024.

She made her debut in veteran director K. A. W. Perera's 1975 film, Wasana but it was Neil Rupasinghe's Lassana Kella which was released first. Since then,  She is often referred to as "the prettiest girl (  සිංහල සිනමාවේ ලස්සන කෙල්ල)" on Sri Lankan silver screen and she has appeared in over 80 movies, winning the Sarasaviya Best Actress Award four times, in 1991, 1996, 2000 and 2004. She has also received the Sarasaviya Most Popular Actress Award) several times.
Carlos Yulo
Carlos Edriel Poquiz Yulo (born February 16, 2000) is a Filipino artistic gymnast. He is the 2024 Olympic gold medalist at the floor exercise and vault events. He is the first Filipino and the first male Southeast Asian gymnast to medal at the World Artistic Gymnastics Championships with his floor exercise bronze medal finish in 2018, as well as the first Filipino and Southeast Asian to achieve a gold medal finish for the same criteria in 2019 at the same event. With multiple medals on the international stage, Yulo is the second person to win an Olympic gold medal for the Philippines and the first Southeast Asian athlete to win multiple gold medals at the Olympic Games.

Yulo is a two-time Olympic champion, a three-time World champion, an eleven-time Asian champion, and a nine-time SEA Games champion. He is noted for his short stature compared to other male gymnasts, his precision in form, and the difficulty of his routines, especially in the floor exercise, vault, and parallel bars.

Parallel bars
Parallel bars are floor apparatus consisting of two wooden bars approximately 350 centimetres (11 feet 6 inches) long and positioned at 200 cm (6 ft 7 in) above the floor. Parallel bars are used in artistic gymnastics and also for physical therapy and home exercise. Gymnasts may optionally wear grips when performing a routine on the parallel bars, although this is uncommon.
The Assessment
The Assessment is a 2024 science fiction thriller film. Set in a future where parenthood is strictly controlled, it follows a couple who undergo a rigorous seven-day assessment to determine their suitability for raising a child. The film stars Elizabeth Olsen, Alicia Vikander, and Himesh Patel, along with Indira Varma, Nicholas Pinnock, Charlotte Ritchie, Leah Harvey, and Minnie Driver. It was written by Dave Thomas, Nell Garfath-Cox and John Donnelly and directed by Fleur Fortuné in her feature-length debut. Its producers were Stephen Woolley, Elizabeth Karlsen and Grant S. Johnson with Number 9 Films, augenschein Filmproduktion, ShivHans Pictures, and Project Infinity.

The film premiered at the Toronto International Film Festival on September 8, 2024, and was released in the United States on March 21, 2025, by Magnolia Pictures.

Stephen Woolley
Stephen Woolley (born 3 September 1956) is an English filmmaker and actor. His career has spanned four decades, for which he was awarded the BAFTA award for Outstanding British Contribution to Cinema in February 2019. As a producer, he has been Oscar-nominated for The Crying Game (1992), and has produced multi-Academy Award nominated films including Mona Lisa (1986), Little Voice (1998), Michael Collins (1996), The End of the Affair (1999), Interview with the Vampire (1994), and Carol (2016). He runs the production company Number 9 Films with his partner Elizabeth Karlsen.
Alexandria Township, New Jersey
Alexandria Township is a township in Hunterdon County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 4,809, a decrease of 129 (−2.6%) from the 2010 census count of 4,938, which in turn reflected an increase of 240 (+5.1%) from the 4,698 counted in the 2000 census.

Alexandria was formed by Royal charter on March 5, 1765, from portions of Bethlehem Township, and was incorporated as one of New Jersey's initial 104 townships by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on February 21, 1798. Portions of the township were taken to form Frenchtown (April 4, 1867), Holland Township (April 13, 1874, restored to Alexandria on March 4, 1878, and recreated on March 11, 1879) and Milford (April 15, 1911). The township was named for James Alexander, a surveyor who served as New Jersey Attorney General and who had acquired 10,000 acres (4,000 ha) of land in the area in 1744.

New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate. The Legislature meets in the New Jersey State House, in the state capital of Trenton.
Nejc Pečnik
Nejc Pečnik (born 3 January 1986) is a Slovenian footballer who plays for Dravograd. Primarily an attacking midfielder, he also plays as a winger or forward.

He represented Slovenia at the 2010 FIFA World Cup. He was instrumental in Slovenia's successful qualification to the tournament by scoring an away goal against Russia in the 2010 World Cup qualification play-offs.

NK Dravograd
Nogometni klub Koroška Dravograd or simply NK Dravograd is a Slovenian football club based in the town of Dravograd that competes in the 2. MNZ Maribor League, the fifth tier of the Slovenian football league system. The club was founded in 1948.
Alexis Martin Woodall
Alexis Martin Woodall (born June 30, 1980) is an American producer, executive producer and the president of Ryan Murphy Productions. Woodall has won three Primetime Emmy Awards for her producing work on The Normal Heart, American Crime Story: The People V. O.J. Simpson and American Crime Story: The Assassination of Gianni Versace. She has also won two Golden Globe Awards for executive producing The People V. O.J. Simpson and The Assassination of Gianni Versace.

The Normal Heart (film)
The Normal Heart is a 2014 American television drama film directed by Ryan Murphy and written by Larry Kramer, based on his 1985 play of the same name. The film stars Mark Ruffalo, Matt Bomer, Taylor Kitsch, Jim Parsons, Alfred Molina, Joe Mantello, Jonathan Groff, and Julia Roberts.

The film depicts the rise of the HIV/AIDS crisis in New York City between 1981 and 1984, as seen through the eyes of writer/activist Ned Weeks (Ruffalo), the founder of a prominent HIV advocacy group. Weeks prefers public confrontations to the calmer, more private strategies favored by his associates, friends, and closeted lover Felix Turner (Bomer). Their differences of opinion lead to arguments that threaten to undermine their shared goals.

It was released on DVD and Blu-ray on August 26, 2014.
To Name Those Lost
To Name Those Lost is a 2014 novel by the Australian author Rohan Wilson.

The novel is a sequel to the author's 2011 novel The Roving Party.

It was the winner of the 2015 Victorian Premier's Prize for Fiction.

The Roving Party
The Roving Party is a 2011 novel written by Tasmanian author Rohan Wilson. Wilson's first book, it is published by Allen & Unwin. The Roving Party won the 2011 Vogel Award. The novel was also shortlisted for the 2011 Victorian Premier's Literary Awards Vance Palmer Prize for Fiction.
Volcano Blues
Volcano Blues is an album by pianist Randy Weston and Melba Liston, who arranged and conducted most of the music. It was recorded on February 5 and 6, 1993, at BMG Studios in New York City, and was released later that year by Antilles Records, Verve Records and Gitanes Jazz Productions. On the album, Weston and Liston are joined by saxophonists Talib Kibwe, Teddy Edwards, and Hamiet Bluiett, trumpeter Wallace Roney, trombonist Benny Powell, guitarist Ted Dunbar, double bassist Jamil Nasser, drummer Charlie Persip, and percussionists Obo Addy and Neil Clarke. Guitarist and vocalist Johnny Copeland also appears on two tracks.

Obo Addy
Obo Addy (January 15, 1936 – September 13, 2012) was a Ghanaian drummer and dancer who was one of the first native African musicians to bring the fusion of traditional folk music and Western pop music known as worldbeat to Europe and then to the Pacific Northwest of the United States in the late 1970s.  He taught music at Lewis & Clark College in Portland, Oregon.