hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Luigi Naldini
Luigi Naldini (born 1959 in Turin) is an Italian gene therapist, professor of cell and tissue biology and of gene and cell therapy at Vita-Salute San Raffaele University, and the director of San Raffaele Telethon Institute for Gene Therapy in Milan, Italy. Often considered as "the father of the lentivirus gene therapy", he is globally known as the pioneer of "the development and applications of lentiviral vectors for gene transfer" that allowed the gene therapy treatment of several genetic diseases. He is also a scientific co-founder of three biotech start-up companies, Genenta in Milan and New York, Chroma Medicine in Milan and Boston, Genespire in Milan. He is also the former president of European Society of Gene and Cell Therapy (ESGCT) and an elected member of European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO). In 2019, he was awarded Louis-Jeantet Prize for Medicine "for taking gene therapy from the bench to the bedside".

European Molecular Biology Organization
The European Molecular Biology Organization (EMBO) is a professional, non-profit organization of more than 2,100 life scientists. Its goal is to promote research in life science and enable international exchange between scientists. It co-funds courses, workshops and conferences, publishes five scientific journals and supports individual scientists.  The organization was founded in 1964 and is a founding member of the Initiative for Science in Europe. As of 2022 the Director of EMBO is Fiona Watt, a stem cell researcher, professor at King's College London and a group leader at the European Molecular Biology Laboratory.
1867 Virgin Islands earthquake and tsunami
The 1867 Virgin Islands earthquake and tsunami occurred on November 18, at 14.45 in the Anegada Passage about 20 km southwest of Saint Thomas, Danish West Indies (now U.S. Virgin Islands). The Ms  7.5 earthquake came just 20 days after the devastating San Narciso Hurricane in the same region. Tsunamis from this earthquake were some of the highest ever recorded in the Lesser Antilles. Wave heights exceeded 10 m (33 ft) in some islands in the Lesser Antilles. The earthquake and tsunami resulted in no more than 50 fatalities, although hundreds of casualties were reported.

Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands
Saint Thomas (Danish: Sankt Thomas, Spanish: Santo Tomás, French: Saint-Thomas) is one of the U.S. Virgin Islands in the Caribbean Sea, and a constituent district of the United States Virgin Islands (USVI), an unincorporated territory of the United States. Along with surrounding minor islands, it is one of three county equivalents in the USVI. Together with Saint John, it forms one of the districts of the USVI. The territorial capital and port of Charlotte Amalie is located on the island.

Of the three islands, St. Thomas is the second largest, with St. Croix being the largest, and St. John, the smallest. As of the 2010 census, the population of Saint Thomas was 51,634, about 48.5% of the total population of the United States Virgin Islands. Crown Mountain is the highest point in Saint Thomas and in the entire United States Virgin Islands. Hence, it is called "Rock City". The island has a land area of 32 square miles (83 km2).
HMS Tactician (1918)
HMS Tactician was an S-class destroyer, which served with the Royal Navy. Launched on 7 August 1918, the vessel entered service at the closing of the First World War. The ship joined the Fourteenth Destroyer Flotilla of the Grand Fleet but was placed in Reserve at Nore in 1919. Tactician deteriorated over the following years and was sold to be broken up on 5 February 1931 following the signing of the London Naval Treaty that limited the amount of destroyer tonnage that the Navy could retain.

London Naval Treaty
The London Naval Treaty, officially the Treaty for the Limitation and Reduction of Naval Armament, was an agreement between the United Kingdom, Japan, France, Italy, and the United States that was signed on 22 April 1930. Seeking to address issues not covered in the 1922 Washington Naval Treaty, which had created tonnage limits for each nation's surface warships, the new agreement regulated submarine warfare, further controlled cruisers and destroyers, and limited naval shipbuilding.

Ratifications were exchanged in London on 27 October 1930, and the treaty went into effect on the same day, but it was largely ineffective.

The treaty was registered in League of Nations Treaty Series on 6 February 1931.
Swinburne Hale
Swinburne Hale (April 5, 1884 – July 3, 1937) was an American lawyer, poet, and socialist, best remembered as one of the leading civil rights attorneys of the 1920s. Hale was a Harvard College classmate of Roger Nash Baldwin and law partner of Walter Nelles and Isaac Shorr and was active in the establishment and early work of the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU). Hale also played a role in the progressive politics of the early 1920s as a leading member of the Committee of Forty-Eight and a spokesman for the fledgling Farmer-Labor Party.

Farmer–Labor Party
The first modern Farmer–Labor Party in the United States emerged in Minnesota in 1918. The American entry into World War I caused agricultural prices and workers' wages to fall, while retail prices rose sharply during the war years.  Consequently, farmers and workers made common cause in the political sphere to redress their grievances.

The party dissolved in 1936 on a federal level with the Minnesota Farmer–Labor Party surviving on the state level until 1944, when it merged with the local affiliate of the Democratic Party; the resulting merger, the Minnesota Democratic–Farmer–Labor Party, still exists today.
Emma Forbes
Emma Katy Forbes (born 14 May 1965 in Hammersmith, London) is an English radio and television presenter. Forbes got her start on presenting the cooking segment on Going Live!, and before going on to present or co-present numerous BBC and ITV TV and breakfast shows, as well as to co-present radio shows on Heart 106.2 and Capital 95.8 and BBC Radio 2. Forbes was also the face of a long-running television advert campaign for Head & Shoulders shampoo in the 1990s and, in 1996, she was voted one of FHM 100 Sexiest Women. Together with her sister, she also opened a shop in Belgravia, London.

Head & Shoulders
Head & Shoulders (H&S) is an American brand of anti-dandruff and non-dandruff shampoo produced by parent company Procter & Gamble.

The active anti-fungal ingredient in Head & Shoulders is piroctone olamine or zinc pyrithione, with some "clinical strength" varieties also containing selenium disulfide.
2022 I.ČLTK Prague Open – Men's singles
The men's singles of the 2022 I.ČLTK Prague Open tournament took place on clay in Prague, Czech Republic.

Tallon Griekspoor was the defending champion but chose not to compete.

Pedro Cachin won the title after defeating Lorenzo Giustino 6–3, 7–6(7–4) in the final.

2022 I.ČLTK Prague Open
The 2022 I.ČLTK Prague Open was a tournament played on outdoor clay. It was the 29th edition for men and 17th for women, which were respectively part of the 2022 ATP Challenger Tour and the 2022 ITF Women's World Tennis Tour. It took place in Prague, Czech Republic between 2 and 8 May 2022.
Nice International Tournament
The Nice International Tournament was a professional invitational golf tournament played at Nice Golf Club in Cagnes-sur-Mer, 10 km west of Nice, France. The event was held just once, on 17 March 1908. The tournament was contested by 8 invited players. The main event was a stroke-play contest over 36 holes, won by Harry Vardon, four strokes ahead of Arnaud Massy.

Arnaud Massy
Arnaud George Watson Massy (French pronunciation: [aʁno masi]; 6 July 1877 – 16 April 1950) was one of France's most successful professional golfers, most notable for winning the 1907 Open Championship. He was the first player from outside Scotland and England to win a major golf championship.
Aflame Inferno
Aflame Inferno (불꽃의 인페르노, Bulkkoch-ui Inpeleuno) is a Korean manhwa series written by Dall-Young Lim and illustrated by Kwang-Hyun Kim, the former who is known for writing Unbalance Unbalance, Zero, and the Japanese manga Black God. The story revolves around Shi-Chan Kang, a high school student and fashion model who was nearly killed in a crossfire between demonic beings called "Tedlars". However, Inferno, one of the Tedlars, saves Shi-Chan's life by merging his body with his own. In order to separate themselves, they must collect 1,000 "Invento Hells" by killing other Tedlars in hopes of ever being separated from each other.

Aflame Inferno began serialization in Vol.8 of Booking, published on April 1, 2006. The first volume was released by Haksan Culture Company on July 15, 2006, with a total of six volumes available in South Korea as of January 15, 2011.

Zero (manhwa)
Zero (Hangul: 제로: 시작의 관, RR: Jero: Sijagui Gwan, lit. "Zero: The Gate of Beginning") is a Korean manhwa written by Dall-Young Lim and illustrated by Park Sung-woo. Based on a popular series of Korean eroge of the same title. The manhwa was serialized into 69 chapters. The individual chapters were published into 10 bound volumes by Daiwon C.I. The manhwa is licensed in North America by Infinity Studios, in France by Tokebi and in Russia by Comics Factory. Infinity Studios announced its plans to Zero volume 4 onwards in Portable Document Format for e-book.

Its sequel, Zero: Circle of Flow (Hangul:제로 - 흐름의 원, RR: Jero - Heureumui won) is a Korean manhwa written by Dall-Young Lim. It is licensed in France by Panini Comics under its imprint, Génération Comics. Lim adapted the manhwa from an Eroge computer game.
Ponkunnam Varkey
Ponkunnam Varkey (1 July 1910 – 2 July 2004) was a writer and activist from Kerala, India. Varkey was one of the pioneers of the progressive writers' forum and literary writers' co-operative in Kerala. He was the president of Kerala Sahitya Akademi and Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society.

Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society
Sahithya Pravarthaka Co-operative Society (SPCS) or Sahithya Pravarthaka Sahakarana Sangham is a cooperative society of writers in the south Indian state of Kerala for publication and sales of books. It was founded in 1945 by a group of twelve writers in Kottayam. It merged with the National Book Stall (NBS) in 1949 and has published over 8,400 titles making it one of the largest book publishers in Kerala. The society claims that over eighty percent of the known writers in Malayalam are members of the society.
When Gangland Strikes
When Gangland Strikes is a 1956 American film noir crime film directed by R. G. Springsteen and written by John K. Butler and Frederick Louis Fox. The film stars Raymond Greenleaf, Marjie Millar, John Hudson, Anthony Caruso, Marian Carr, Slim Pickens and Mary Treen. The film was released on March 15, 1956 by Republic Pictures.

Anthony Caruso (actor)
Anthony Caruso (April 7, 1916 – April 4, 2003) was an American character actor in more than one hundred American films.  He was known for his villains and gangsters, including the first season of Walt Disney's  Zorro as Captain Juan Ortega, and in numerous films noirs.
Undressed (film)
Undressed is a lost 1928 American silent drama film directed by Phil Rosen and starring David Torrence, Hedda Hopper, and Virginia Brown Faire. It was produced and released by independent studio Sterling Pictures.

David Torrence (actor)
David Torrence (born David Tayson; 17 January 1864 – 26 December 1951) was a Scottish film actor. He appeared in more than 100 films from 1913 to 1939. He has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame. He was the brother of actor Ernest Torrence. He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland and died in Los Angeles.
Hethur, Hassan
Hethur is a hobli in the Sakleshpura taluk in the Hassan district of Karnataka, India. As per a census survey of India conducted in 2011, the location code number of Hethur village is 615012.

It lies on State Highway 107, 25 km south of its taluk headquarter, Sakleshpura. Hethur is 58 km from Hassan and 235 km from the state capital Bengaluru.

The nearest railway stations are Sakleshpura and Hassan Junction. The nearest airport is Mangaluru International Airport.

Hassan district
Hassan district is one of the 31 districts of Karnataka, India. The district headquarter is Hassan. It was part of Manjarabad Faujdari between 1832-81 (Commissioner's Rule of Mysore). In 1882, it was reduced into a sub-division under erstwhile Kadur district. But in 1886, the Hassan district was restored to its current form.
Anne of Bohemia
Anne of Bohemia (11 May 1366 – 7 June 1394), also known as Anne of Luxembourg, was Queen of England as the first wife of King Richard II. A member of the House of Luxembourg, she was the daughter of Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor and King of Bohemia, and Elizabeth of Pomerania. Her death at the age of 28 was believed to have been caused by plague.

Isabella of Valois
Isabella of Valois (9 November 1389 – 13 September 1409) was Queen of England as the wife of Richard II, King of England, between 1396 and 1399, and Duchess of Orléans as the wife of Charles I, Duke of Orléans, from 1406 until her death in 1409. She had been born a princess of France as the daughter of King Charles VI and Isabeau of Bavaria.
Balamber
Balamber (also known as Balamir, Balamur and many other variants) was ostensibly a chieftain of the Huns, mentioned by Jordanes in his Getica (c. 550 AD). Jordanes simply called him "king of the Huns" (Latin: rex Hunnorum) and writes the story of Balamber crushing the tribes of the Ostrogoths in the 370s; somewhere between 370 and more probably 376 AD.

A number of historians argue that Balamber may have never existed, and was a confusion of other rulers or even a fabrication.

Jordanes
Jordanes (/dʒɔːrˈdeɪniːz/; Greek: Ιορδάνης), also written as Jordanis or Jornandes, was a 6th-century Eastern Roman bureaucrat, of Gothic descent, who became a historian later in life.

He wrote two works, one on Roman history (Romana) and the other on the Goths (Getica). The latter, along with Isidore of Seville's Historia Gothorum, is one of only two extant ancient works dealing with the early history of the Goths. Other writers, such as Procopius, wrote works on the later history of the Goths. Getica has been the object of much critical review. Jordanes wrote in Late Latin rather than the classical Ciceronian Latin. According to his own introduction, he had only three days to review what Cassiodorus had written and so he must also have relied on his own knowledge.
White rust (disease)
White rust is a disease in plants caused by the oomycete Albugo candida or one of its close relatives. Plants susceptible to this disease generally include members of the Brassica family.  White rust has been known to cause agricultural losses in fields cultivating members of this family including broccoli, cauliflower, and Indian mustard. Despite the name, it is not considered a true rust.

Albugo candida
Albugo candida, commonly known as white rust or white blister rust, is an obligate plant pathogen in the family Albuginaceae that infects Brassicaceae species. (Although called a "rust" and a fungus, it is an oomycete.) It has a relatively smaller genome than other oomycetes.
Deep Conversation
Deep Conversation is the fourth studio album by Vallejo, California  rapper, Celly Cel.  The album was released in 2000 for Realside Records and was produced by Celly Cel and Bosko.  The album was not a commercial success, only making it to #94 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop album chart, however the album spawned two singles, "The Return of the Real Niggaz" and "Which One Is U?".  Guests included on the album are Kurupt, WC and Young Bleed.

WC (rapper)
William LaShawn Calhoun Jr. (born February 3, 1970), known professionally as WC (pronounced "dub-c"), is an American rapper and actor. He originally was a rapper of the group Low Profile and later formed his group WC and the Maad Circle, who first succeeded with the single "Ain't A Damn Thang Changed". He later started a solo career and has released four solo albums. He is also well known for being a member of the rap supergroup Westside Connection with fellow West Coast rappers Ice Cube and Mack 10.
Mike Egger
Mike Andreas Egger (/ˈɛɡər/; born 2 August 1992) is a Swiss politician who currently serves as a member of the National Council (Switzerland) for the Swiss People's Party since 2019. He previously served on the Cantonal Council of St. Gallen representing the Rheintal district from 2012 to 2017.

National Council (Switzerland)
The National Council (German: Nationalrat; French: Conseil national; Italian: Consiglio nazionale; Romansh: Cussegl naziunal) is a house of the Federal Assembly of Switzerland, representing the people. The other house, the Council of States, represents the states. As the powers of the houses are the same, it is sometimes called perfect bicameralism. Both houses meet in the Federal Palace of Switzerland in Bern.

The National Council consists of 200 members. Adult citizens elect the council's members, who are called national Councillors, for four year terms. Members are apportioned to the cantons in proportion to their population.
Pennsylvania Railroad class E6
The Pennsylvania Railroad Class E6 was the final type of 4-4-2 "Atlantic" locomotive built for the company, and second only to the Milwaukee Road's streamlined class A in size, speed and power. Although quickly replaced on the fastest trains by the larger K4s Pacifics, the E6 remained a popular locomotive on lesser services and some lasted until the end of steam on the PRR. One, #460, called the Lindbergh Engine, is preserved at the Railroad Museum of Pennsylvania.
It was moved indoors to begin preparations for restoration on March 17, 2010. On January 10, 2011, PRR #460 was moved to the museum's restoration shop for a two- to three-year project, estimated to cost $350,000. The engine is listed in the National Register of Historic Places.

Milwaukee Road class A
The Milwaukee Road Class "A" was a class of high-speed, streamlined 4-4-2 "Atlantic" type steam locomotives built by the American Locomotive Company (ALCO) from 1935 to 1937 to haul the Milwaukee Road's Hiawatha express passenger trains. Numbered from No. 1 to No. 4, they were among the last Atlantic type locomotives built in the United States as well as the largest and most powerful. The class were the first locomotives built for regular operation over 100 mph (160 km/h), and the first class built completely streamlined, which they kept their entire lives. Although partially supplanted by the larger class F7 Hudsons from 1937, they remained in premiere service until the end. Locomotive No. 3 was withdrawn in 1949 and cannibalized for spare parts to keep the other three running until 1951.
An Englishman's Home (film)
An Englishman's Home (U.S. title Mad Men of Europe; also known as Amour D'espion) is a 1940 British drama film directed by Albert de Courville and starring Edmund Gwenn, Mary Maguire and Paul Henreid. It was written by Rodney Ackland, Ian Hay, Edward Knoblock and Dennis Wheatley, adapted from the 1909 play An Englishman's Home by Guy du Maurier.

Edmund Gwenn
Edmund Gwenn (born Edmund John Kellaway; 26 September 1877 – 6 September 1959) was an English actor. On film, he is best remembered for his role as Kris Kringle in the Christmas film Miracle on 34th Street (1947), for which he won the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor and the corresponding Golden Globe Award. He received a second Golden Globe and another Academy Award nomination for the comedy film Mister 880 (1950). He is also remembered for his appearances in four films directed by Alfred Hitchcock.

As a stage actor in the West End and on Broadway, he was associated with a wide range of works by modern playwrights, including Bernard Shaw, John Galsworthy and J. B. Priestley. After the Second World War, he lived in the United States, where he had a successful career in Hollywood and Broadway.
Khujli
Khujli is a 2017 Indian short drama film written & directed by Sonam Nair, produced by Chintan Ruparel & Anuj Gosalia and starring Jackie Shroff and Neena Gupta. It was released on 31 March 2017 by Terribly Tiny Talkies to their official YouTube handle. The film marks debut of Jackie Shroff in short films.

Neena Gupta
Neena Gupta (born 4 June 1959) is an Indian actress and television director who works in Hindi films and other language films alongside TV series. Gupta has received several awards including three National Film Awards, a Filmfare Award and two Filmfare OTT Awards.

Known for her work in both art-house and commercial films, she won the National Film Award for Best Supporting Actress for playing a young widow in Woh Chokri (1994) and for Uunchai (2022). In 2018, she saw career resurgence for starring as a middle-aged pregnant woman in the comedy-drama Badhaai Ho, for which she won the Filmfare Award for Best Actress (Critics) and received a nomination for the Filmfare Award for Best Actress.

Gupta's television appearances include a leading role in the drama series Saans (1999) and as the host of the Indian version of the television quiz show The Weakest Link, named Kamzor Kadii Kaun. In June 2021, publisher Penguin Random House India released her autobiography Sach Kahun Toh.
James Steuart (Royal Navy officer)
Admiral of the Fleet James Steuart (1678 – 30 March 1757) was a Royal Navy officer. After his father died at the Siege of Derry, Steuart and his siblings were brought up by their uncle and aunt, who were wealthy and politically well connected.

Steuart commanded the fourth-rate HMS Greyhound during the War of the Spanish Succession and then commanded the sixth-rate HMS Aldborough off the Scottish coast during the Jacobite rising.

Steuart became second-in-command of a fleet of 25 British and Dutch ships dispatched to rescue a British squadron and convoy which had been trapped in the Tagus by a French Brest squadron during the War of the Austrian Succession. The British and Dutch fleet was successful in driving off the French, who retired in the face of the superior British and Dutch fleet without firing a shot.

Fourth-rate
In the rating system of the Royal Navy, a fourth-rate was a ship of the line with two gun decks which mounted between 46 and 60 guns. They served in all conflicts the Royal Navy participated in during the early modern period until they were gradually phased out of active service during the French Revolutionary and Napoleonic Wars, as their usefulness was declining; though fourth-rates often remained in service on distant stations such as the East Indies. Several fourth-rates were created by razeeing larger ships of the line, and occasionally from East Indiamen such as HMS Calcutta.
Halsted Priory
Halsted Priory (Danish: Halsted Kloster), formerly a small Benedictine house, is a manor house and estate located close to Nakskov on the island of Lolland in southeastern Denmark. The estate was renamed Juellinge when the Barony of Juellinge was restored for Jens Juel-Vind in 1721, but its old name was restored when the barony was dissolved in 1921. Holsted Priory is still owned by the Krag-Juel-Vind-Frijs family. The Neo-Gothic main building is from 1847-49. It is flanked by Halsted Church to the north and the old main building from 1591 to the south. The old main building has been renovated with support from Realdania and is now operated as a local cultural centre. The Baroque-style park covers approximately 6.5 hectares of land. The estate is also home to a golf club.

Lolland
Lolland (Danish: [ˈlʌˌlænˀ] ⓘ; formerly spelled Laaland, literally "low land") is the fourth largest island of Denmark, with an area of 1,243 km2 (480 sq mi). Located in the Kattegat, Belts and Sund area, it is part of Region Sjælland (Region Zealand). As of 1 January 2022, it has 57,618 inhabitants. Lolland is closely connected to the island of Falster to its east. The locality of Sundby forms a cross-island urban area with Nykøbing Falster, the largest conurbation partially on Lolland. The most populated settlement on Lolland proper is Nakskov.