hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Energy law
Energy laws govern the use and taxation of energy, both renewable and non-renewable.  These laws are the primary authorities (such as caselaw, statutes, rules, regulations and edicts) related to energy.  In contrast, energy policy refers to the policy and politics of energy.

Energy law includes the legal provision for oil, gasoline, and "extraction taxes."  The practice of energy law includes Oil and gas agreements and other contracts for siting, extraction, licenses for the acquisition and ownership rights in oil and gas both under the soil before discovery and after its capture, and adjudication regarding those rights.

Regulation
Regulation is the management of complex systems according to a set of rules and trends. In systems theory, these types of rules exist in various fields of biology and society, but the term has slightly different meanings according to context. For example:

in government, typically regulation (or its plural) refers to the delegated legislation which is adopted to enforce primary legislation; including land-use regulation

in economy: regulatory economics

in finance: financial regulation

in business, industry self-regulation occurs through self-regulatory organizations and trade associations which allow industries to set and enforce rules with less government involvement; and,

in biology, gene regulation and metabolic regulation allow living organisms to adapt to their environment and maintain homeostasis;

in psychology, self-regulation theory is the study of how individuals regulate their thoughts and behaviors to reach goals.
Johnny McGovern
John McGovern (7 March 1932 – 24 February 2022) was an Irish hurler who played at club level with Bennettsbridge and at inter-county level with the Kilkenny senior hurling team. He usually lined out as a wing-back.

Kilkenny county hurling team
The Kilkenny county hurling team represents Kilkenny in hurling and is governed by Kilkenny GAA, the county board of the Gaelic Athletic Association. The team competes in the three major annual inter-county competitions; the All-Ireland Senior Hurling Championship, the Leinster Senior Hurling Championship, and the National Hurling League. Historically, Kilkenny is the most successful team at senior level.

Kilkenny's home ground is Nowlan Park, Kilkenny. The team's manager is Derek Lyng.

The team last won the Leinster Senior Championship in 2025, the All-Ireland Senior Championship in 2015 and the National League in 2021.
John Morrison (ice hockey, born 1895)
John William "Crutchy" Morrison (March 4, 1895 - March 14, 1956) was a Canadian professional ice hockey player who played 18 games in the National Hockey League during the 1925–26 season with the New York Americans. The rest of his career, which lasted from 1913 to 1932, was spent in a variety of other leagues, including the Western Canada Hockey League, where he played for the Edmonton Eskimos. With Edmonton he played in the 1923 Stanley Cup Finals, and scored the team's only goal.

New York Americans
The New York Americans, colloquially known as the Amerks, were a professional ice hockey team based in New York City from 1925 to 1942. They were the third expansion team in the history of the National Hockey League (NHL) and the second to play in the United States. The team never won the Stanley Cup, but reached the semifinals twice. While it was the first team in New York City, it was eclipsed by the second, the New York Rangers, which arrived in 1926 under the ownership of the Amerks' landlord, Madison Square Garden. The team played as the Brooklyn Americans during the 1941–42 season before suspending operations in 1942 due to World War II and long-standing financial difficulties. The demise of the club marked the beginning of the NHL's Original Six era from 1942 to 1967, though the Amerks' franchise was not formally canceled until 1946. The team's overall regular season record was 255–402–127.
Ruben Young
Ruben Young is a Canadian R&B/soul singer and songwriter from Calgary, Alberta, Canada. He is best known for his debut EP Dreamstate, which features the online hit, "Rachel Green" with American rapper Hodgy from Odd Future, his collaborations with Grammy nominee Lord Quest, Terrell Morris and JUNO winning rapper/producer Classified.

Recently named Apple Music's New Artist of the Week in Canada, Young's independent releases (through his own label, Young + Lucky) have earned him over five million streams.

Hodgy
Gerard Damien Long (born November 9, 1990), known mononymously as Jerry (stylized as jerry.; formerly Hodgy and Hodgy Beats), is an American rapper, singer and record producer. He is best known for being a founding member of the hip hop collective Odd Future.
Dayán Fuentes
Dayán Vianey Fuentes Pérez (born 24 May 1997) is a Mexican professional footballer who plays as a Defensive midfielderfor Liga MX Femenil side Juárez.

In 2019, she started her career in BUAP. The same year, she was transferred to Veracruz. In 2020, she joined to Necaxa. Since 2025, she is part of Juárez.

FC Juárez (women)
FC Juárez Femenil is a Mexican professional women's football club based in Ciudad Juárez. It competes in the Liga MX Femenil, and has been the women's section of FC Juárez since 2019.

The team was founded on 11 June 2019, ahead of the 2019–20 Liga MX Femenil season, after FC Juárez, which was then playing in the Liga de Expansión (second-division) bought the Lobos BUAP’s Liga MX franchise, therefore allowing the club to be promoted to Liga MX. After making the purchase, FC Juárez had to assume all of BUAP's Liga MX responsibilities, including the obligation to field a respective women's team in Liga MX Femenil. In July 2019, FC Juárez Femenil played its first league game.
Amanda Brotchie
Amanda Brotchie (20 February 1964 – 19 December 2025) was an Australian television director. She was known for her  direction of Riot Women (2025), Doctor Who (2024), Renegade Nell (2024), Gentleman Jack (2022), The Letdown (2019), Picnic at Hanging Rock (2018), Mr Black (2019), Girlboss (2017) and Lowdown (2010–2012). She was also a writer, producer, actor and linguist.

The Letdown
The Letdown is an Australian comedy television series that first premiered on ABC in 2016. It follows the adventures of Audrey, including her struggles as a new mum in an oddball mothers' group. It ran for two seasons between 4 May 2016 and 3 July 2019.

The title is a play on the word letdown, which refers to the let-down reflex in breastfeeding, but is also a colloquialism for disappointment, both of which are key elements of Audrey's story.
Vaippar
Vaippar is a village panchayat in Tuticorin district, Tamil Nadu, India. It is the location of a famous dargah, the grave of Shamsuddeen Shaheed, who was a minister of Badusha Sulthan Syed Ibrahim Shaheed of Erwadi.

Erwadi
Erwadi is a village located in the Ramanathapuram district of Tamil Nadu, India. It falls under the jurisdiction of the Kilakarai Taluk and the town panchayat. The village is notable for housing the grave and shrine of Qutb-us-Sultan Syed Ibrahim Badshah Shaheed, a historical ruler associated with Madurai.

Erwadi was originally part of the Kadaladi Assembly constituency, which is included in the Ramanathapuram Lok Sabha constituency. Following the delimitation of constituencies in 2009, Erwadi was incorporated into the Ramanathapuram Assembly constituency.

Erwadi is considered the second-largest contributor to the revenue of Ramanathapuram district.
Codex Huamantla
The Codex Huamantla also known as the Codex of Huamantla and Códice de Huamantla is an Otomi codex. It contains the work of two artists, and is believed to have been completed in 1592 Common Era. The first artist depicts the story migration of the Otomi people from Chiapan to Huamantla during the Post-Classical period. A second artist later depicted the Otomi's participation in the conquest of the Aztec Empire and life under Spanish domination. Seven fragments of the codex are currently held in Mexico's National Museum of Anthropology and History, and two fragments are in Germany's Deutsche Staatsbibliothek.

Berlin State Library
The Berlin State Library (German: Staatsbibliothek zu Berlin; officially abbreviated as SBB, colloquially Stabi) is a universal library in Berlin, Germany, and a property of the German public cultural organization the Prussian Cultural Heritage Foundation (German: Stiftung Preußischer Kulturbesitz).

Founded in 1661, it is among the largest libraries in Europe, and one of the most important academic research libraries in the German-speaking world. It collects texts, media and cultural works from all fields across many languages, from all time periods and all countries of the world, and offers them for academic and research purposes.

Prominent items in its collection include the oldest biblical illustrations in the fifth-century Quedlinburg Itala fragment, a Gutenberg Bible, the main autograph collection of Goethe, the world's largest collection of Johann Sebastian Bach's and Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart's manuscripts, and the original score of Ludwig van Beethoven's Symphony № 9.
Singapore Press Holdings
Singapore Press Holdings Limited (SPH) was one of Singapore's two state media companies, which published The Straits Times, numerous other newspapers and operated radio, television and digital media.

In 2021, the media division was spun off as SPH Media, leaving behind the property and aged care businesses. Since its takeover by Cuscaden Peak in 2022, it has been renamed Cuscaden Peak Investments.

At its peak, SPH had over 4,000 employees. Its team of approximately 1,000 journalists included correspondents operating around the world. 2,500 of the staff, including the journalists and its media business were subsequently transferred to SPH Media.

The company was one of the country's "blue-chip" counters on the Singapore Exchange Securities Trading Limited (SGX) until its delisting on 13 May 2022 following its acquisition by Cuscaden Peak. It was also a constituent of the Straits Times Index until its removal on 22 June 2020.

Straits Times Index
The FTSE Straits Times Index (abbreviation: STI) is a capitalisation-weighted stock market index that is regarded as the benchmark index for the stock market in Singapore. It tracks the performance of the top 30 companies that are listed on the Singapore Exchange (SGX).

The STI is jointly calculated by the SGX, SPH Media Trust and FTSE Group.
1983 Overseas final
The 1983 Overseas Final was the third running of the Overseas Final as part of the qualification for the 1983 Speedway World Championship Final to be held in West Germany. The 1983 Final was run at the Belle Vue Stadium in Manchester, England, and was the second last qualifying round for Commonwealth and American riders.

The Top 10 riders qualified for the Intercontinental Final to be held at the White City Stadium in London. Manchester's own Phil Collins won the Overseas Final.

Hyde Road (speedway)
Hyde Road Stadium, in Manchester, England, often referred to as Belle Vue was the home of the Belle Vue Aces speedway team. The stadium's capacity was 40,000 and it was built in 1928 and used until demolished in 1987. It was claimed, incorrectly, to have been the first purpose-built speedway track in Britain.
Panjdari
A panjdari (Persian: پنج‌دری, lit. 'Five Doors') is a traditional element of vernacular Iranian architecture.

The word comes from "panj" (پنج five) and "dar" (در window or door), meaning "five windowed room".

By definition, a panjdari is a large room that is often flanked to the main talar of the house, and most often connected to a large balcony, where five large contiguous windows provide primary views to the main courtyard of the house.

In modern terms, the room would be the equivalent of the living room of the house. However, traditional Persian houses were very large and had many rooms. The panjdari was therefore a main daily hub of the inhabitants.

Talar
A talar or talaar (Persian: تالار) is a type of porch or hall in Iranian architecture. It generally refers to a porch fronting a building, supported by columns, and open on one or three sides. The term is also applied more widely to denote a throne hall or audience hall with some of these features.
Mom's Got a Date with a Vampire
Mom's Got a Date with a Vampire is a 2000 American made-for-television horror comedy film directed by Steve Boyum and starring Caroline Rhea, Matt O'Leary, Charles Shaughnessy, Laura Vandervoort, and Robert Carradine. It aired as a Disney Channel Original Movie, premiering on the Disney Channel on Friday, October 13, 2000.

Caroline Rhea
Caroline Gilchrist Rhea (/ˈreɪ/; born April 13, 1964) is a Canadian actress and stand-up comedian who is best known for her role as Hilda Spellman in the ABC series Sabrina the Teenage Witch and for voicing Linda Flynn-Fletcher in the Disney Channel animated series Phineas and Ferb.

She has performed numerous comedy specials, including three one-hour standup specials for HBO, Showtime, and Bravo. She is also known as a regular on Hollywood Squares with her friend Whoopi Goldberg. Rhea was chosen by Rosie O'Donnell as the new hostess of her syndicated talk show (renamed The Caroline Rhea Show) and hosted the reality television show The Biggest Loser on NBC for the first three seasons. She appeared regularly on ABC's Match Game with Alec Baldwin from 2016 to 2020. She also returned to Disney Channel to portray Judy Reynolds in the comedy series Sydney to the Max, which aired from 2019 to 2021.
Francisco Mascarenhas (governor of Macau)
Francisco Mascarenhas was a Portuguese fidalgo who served as the first Captain-General and Governor of Macau from 1623 to 1626. Before Mascarenhas, the Portuguese settlement of Macau on the coast of China was under the authority of the Captain-major of the Japan Voyage and the Macau Senate, the latter of which resisted the powers invested in the new governor. The conflict between Mascarenhas and the entrenched powers of Macau was such that the city erupted in rebellion against him on 10 October 1624, though this uprising proved to be short-lived.

Municipal Council of Macau
Municipal Council of Macau (Portuguese: Leal Senado, lit. Loyal Senate), was the local government structure in Macau (similar to city councils) during Portuguese rule. The title Leal Senado was bestowed on Macau's government in 1810 by Portugal's prince regent João, who later became King John VI of Portugal. This was a reward for Macau's loyalty to Portugal during the Philippine Dynasty, which ruled between 1580 and 1640.

Following the 1999 handover of Macau to the People's Republic of China, the council was superseded by a Provisional Municipal Council, and finally replaced by the Municipal Affairs Bureau. Like its predecessor bodies, the present Bureau meets at the Leal Senado Building.
2023 Kerala bombing
On 29 October 2023, a series of improvised explosive device (IED) blasts took place during a convention of Jehovah's Witnesses in Kalamassery, a suburb of Kochi, India. Five women, two men, and a child were killed and more than fifty other people were injured when the group was holding a Sunday morning session of their annual regional convention in southern India's Kerala state. A man shortly surrendered at the Kodakara police station, claiming to be responsible for the blast. The motive of the blast is still under investigation.

Kodakara
Kodakara is a town in the Thrissur district of Kerala state in South India. It is located next to the national highway (NH 544), 20 km (12 miles) south of Thrissur town, 7.5 km to the south of Puthukkad town and about 10 km (6.2 miles) north of Chalakudy. Administratively, Kodakara is part of Kodakara Panchayat, Chalakudy taluk, and Irinjalakuda revenue division. Kodakara Panchayat is part of the Chalakudy assembly constituency and the Chalakudy Lok Sabha constituency.
Terminator X & The Valley of the Jeep Beets
Terminator X & the Valley of the Jeep Beets is the debut solo album by American DJ Terminator X, released in 1991. Produced by Terminator X and Carl Ryder, the album was moderately successful, reaching number 97 on the Billboard 200 and number 19 on the Top R&B/Hip-Hop Albums chart. Two successful singles were released: "Homey Don't Play Dat," which made it to number one on the  Hot Rap Singles, and "Buck Whylin'," which made it to number 7 on the Hot Rap Singles and featured Chuck D and Sister Souljah, as well as a sample from "Rise Above", by Black Flag.

In 1999, Chuck D recollected that his first introduction to the Internet occurred during promotion of the album: "We used it as a different way to handle interviews. Since [Terminator X] was a DJ, he was not a verbal person. The computer let him speak with his hands."

Chuck D
Carlton Douglas Ridenhour (born August 1, 1960), known professionally as Chuck D, is an American rapper, best known as the leader and frontman of the hip-hop group Public Enemy, which he co-founded in 1985 with Flavor Flav. Chuck D is also a member of the rock supergroup Prophets of Rage. He has released several solo albums, most notably Autobiography of Mistachuck (1996).

His work with Public Enemy helped create politically and socially conscious hip-hop music in the mid-1980s. The Source ranked him at No. 12 on its list of the Top 50 Hip-Hop Lyricists of All Time. Chuck D has been nominated for six Grammys throughout his career, and has received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award as a member of Public Enemy. He was also inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2013 as a member of Public Enemy.
Makati F.C.
Makati Football Club (MFC) is a Philippine youth football club. Founded by Tomas Lozano, the club is a regular participant of the Gothia Cup. The club will be sending a women's side in the PFF Women's League for the 2025 season.

Gothia Cup
The Gothia Cup (Swedish pronunciation: [ɡuːtɪa ˈkɵpː]) is an international youth association football tournament organized by professional football club BK Häcken, which has been held annually since 1975 in Gothenburg, Sweden. Considered the biggest tournament in the world in terms of participating teams, competing youth teams throughout the world enter the competition. The Gothia Cup is also Sweden's largest annual event. 
Series 4 of the BBC's Jamie Johnson (TV series) portrays Phoenix FC, a grassroots football club competing in the Gothia Cup.
Aravan, Kyrgyzstan
Aravan is a large village in the Fergana Valley, in Aravan District of Osh Region, Kyrgyzstan, Central Asia about 25 km west of Osh, on the river Aravansay. It is the administrative seat of Aravan District. Its population was 32,917 in 2021, of which 21,818 in Yusupov rural community and 11,099 in Allya Anarov rural community.

Located on the Silk Road. Nearby are the Celestial Horses of Aravan, carved on a cliff face perhaps in the 1st century BC. They are thought to represent the 'blood-sweating horses' sought by the Chinese of the Han dynasty. The petroglyphs have an important role in regional folklore and have become a pilgrimage site for Muslims in the Fergana Valley.  There is a Sufi shrine. The Chil-Ustun cave system is 4 km away in the hills above the river Aravansay.  There is a similar cave system 20 km away.  Neither is easily accessible.

Petroglyph
A petroglyph is an image created by removing part of a rock surface by incising, picking, carving, or abrading, as a form of rock art. The term generally refers to rock engravings of ancient origin, often associated with prehistoric peoples. The oldest petroglyphs in the world are deemed to be those at Murujuga in Western Australia, which are 40,000–50,000 years old. Some petroglyphs are classified as protected monuments and some have been added to the list of UNESCO's World Heritage Sites, or such status has been applied for.
Charles Wilson Killam
Charles Wilson Killam FAIA, ASCE (July 20, 1871 – May 12, 1961) was an American architect, engineer, and professor at Harvard University. He was widely recognized for his technical knowledge, architectural theory, educational views, and publications. He was also known for his consulting work for the Harvard Business School and Baker Library as well as his extensive restoration work at Mount Vernon. He was a key contributor to the development of Harvard's School of Architecture and to collegiate architectural education throughout the United States. Killam also took an active role in the planning and development of Cambridge, Massachusetts and served on numerous boards and committees. Additionally, he was an advocate for low-cost and public housing as well as an early advocate for architectural education for women.

Baker Library/Bloomberg Center
The Baker Library/Bloomberg Center is a building complex at Harvard Business School on the campus of Harvard University in the Allston neighborhood of Boston, Massachusetts, United States. It includes the Baker Library, built in 1927, and the Bloomberg Center, completed in 2005.
Friends: Mononoke Shima no Naki
Friends: Mononoke Shima no Naki (Friends: もののけ島のナキ, Friends: Naki of Monster Island) is a 2011 Japanese animated film that is loosely based on the Japanese children's novel Naita Aka Oni by Hirosuke Hamada. It is directed by Takashi Yamazaki and Ryuichi Yagi. The film's script was also written by Yamazaki. SMAP member Shingo Katori and actor Koichi Yamadera voiced characters in the film.

Shingo Katori
Shingo Katori (香取 慎吾, Katori Shingo; born 31 January 1977) is a Japanese actor, singer, television host, and radio personality. He was the youngest member of SMAP, one of the best-selling boy bands in Asia.
Social Democratic Party of Russia (2012)
The Social Democratic Party of Russia (Russian: Социал-демократическая партия России, romanized: Sotsial-demokraticheskaya partiya Rossii; SDPR) was a Russian center-left political party founded by political strategist Andrei Bogdanov in 2012. The party was officially disbanded in 2019.

Andrei Bogdanov (politician)
Andrey Vladimirovich Bogdanov (Russian Андре́й Влади́мирович Богда́нов; born January 31, 1970) is a Russian politician. He is the chairman of the Russian Party of Freedom and Justice and a prominent Freemason, serving as Grand Master of the Grand Lodge of Russia since 2007. As a candidate for the 2008 presidential election, he received 968,344 votes or 1.30% of the Russian electorate.
Terri Vaughan
Therese Michele "Terri" Vaughan (born June 12, 1956) is an American insurance academic, regulator, and advisor. She was insurance commissioner of the state of Iowa for 10 years from 1994 to 2005, and was the CEO of the National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) for four years from February 2009 to December 2012. She is currently executive in residence at Drake University, having previously been its Robb B. Kelley distinguished professor of insurance and actuarial science, Dean of its College of Business and Public Administration, and director of its Insurance Center.

National Association of Insurance Commissioners
The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) is the U.S. standard-setting and regulatory support organization created and governed by the chief insurance regulators from the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and five U.S. territories.
Samantha Fonseca
Samantha Carolina Gómez Fonseca (13 October 1987 – 14 January 2024) was a Mexican politician and a prisoners' rights and LGBTQ rights activist. She was shot dead on 14 January 2024, in Mexico City. At the time of her killing, she was a pre-candidate from the Morena Party for the Senate of the Republic.

Senate of the Republic (Mexico)
The Senate of the Republic (Spanish: Senado de la República), constitutionally the Chamber of Senators of the Honorable Congress of the Union (Spanish: Cámara de Senadores del H. Congreso de la Unión), is the upper house of Mexico's bicameral Congress. It currently consists of 128 members, who serve six-year terms.