hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Crataegus pennsylvanica
Crataegus pennsylvanica, known as the Pennsylvania thorn, is a species of hawthorn native to Delaware, New York, North Carolina, Ontario, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, that grows to about 8 m in height. The mature trees have few thorns.

This species has often been confounded with C. mollis, but the two species have separate native ranges except for an area of overlap in northeastern Ohio.

Crataegus mollis
Crataegus mollis, known as downy hawthorn or red hawthorn, is a species of plant that occurs in eastern North America from southeastern North Dakota east to Nova Scotia and southwest to eastern Texas. The range of this species is from southern Ontario and Michigan to eastern North Dakota and southward to Denison, Texas, and Arizona. This tree inhabits wooded bottomlands, the prairie border, and the midwest savanna understorey.
Malta at the 2012 Summer Olympics
Malta competed at the 2012 Summer Olympics in London, which was held from 27 July to 12 August 2012. The country's participation at London marked its fifteenth appearance in the Summer Olympics since its début at the 1928 Summer Olympics. The delegation included two track and field athletes, Rachid Chouhal and Diane Borg, one double trap shooter William Chetcuti and two swimmers Andrew Chetcuti and Nicola Muscat. All five competitors qualified for the Games through wildcard places. William Chetcuti was selected as the flag bearer for the opening ceremony while Borg held it at the closing ceremony. Choudai did not progress beyond the preliminary stages of the men's 100 metres, while Borg advanced to the first round of the women's 100 metres before being eliminated. William Chetcuti finished ninth in the double trap shooting event, while Andrew Chetcuti and Muscat were unable to progress to the first rounds of their respective swimming disciplines.

Andrew Chetcuti
Andrew Chetcuti (born 19 November 1992 in Pietà) is a Maltese freestyle and butterfly swimmer specialising in short course events. He holds 5 individual national records, and 2 in relays.

Chetcuti was one of five athletes to represent Team Malta in the 2012 Summer Olympics. Chetcuti placed third in his heat of the 100 m freestyle, but did not qualify for the semi-finals.
Twelfth government of Israel
The twelfth government of Israel was formed by Levi Eshkol on 22 December 1964, towards the end of the fifth Knesset.

Eshkol kept the same coalition partners as previously, i.e. Mapai, the National Religious Party, Ahdut HaAvoda, Poalei Agudat Yisrael, Cooperation and Brotherhood and Progress and Development. The only change to the cabinet was Akiva Govrin becoming the country's first Minister of Tourism, having been a Minister without Portfolio in the previous government.

Yosef Almogi and Shimon Peres resigned from the cabinet in May 1965 due to their opposition of the alliance between Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda. Both joined Ben-Gurion's new party, Rafi in July.

The government served until 12 January 1966, when the thirteenth government took power following the November 1965 elections.

Thirteenth government of Israel
The thirteenth government of Israel was formed by Levi Eshkol on 12 January 1966, following the November 1965 elections. His coalition included the Alignment (an alliance of Mapai and Ahdut HaAvoda), the National Religious Party, Mapam, the Independent Liberals, Poalei Agudat Yisrael, Progress and Development and Cooperation and Brotherhood, and had eighteen ministers.

On 5 June 1967, the first day of the Six-Day War, Gahal and Rafi joined the government, with the number of ministers rising to 21. Eshkol died on 26 February 1969, and the government was temporarily led by Yigal Allon until Golda Meir formed the fourteenth government on 17 March 1969.

New posts in the government included the Minister of Immigrant Absorption and the Minister of Information.
Adidas Jabulani
The Jabulani (/ˌdʒæbjʊˈlɑːni/ JAB-yuu-LAH-nee, Zulu: [dʒaɓuˈlaːni]) was a football manufactured by Adidas. It was the official match ball for the 2010 FIFA World Cup.

The ball is made from eight spherically moulded panels and has a textured surface intended to improve aerodynamics. It was consequently developed into the Adidas Tango 12 series of footballs. The Jabulani had a mixed reception during the World Cup due to its unusual flight pattern. The NASA Ames Research Center studied its performance and compared it to the +Teamgeist Berlin (used in the 2006 World Cup) and found it had a noticeable "knuckleball" effect.

Jabulani, meaning "be happy!" in Zulu, is the imperative plural form of the verb jabula "to be happy". Its design was much maligned by players at the World Cup, and production ceased after two years.

Knuckleball
A knuckleball or knuckler is a baseball pitch thrown to minimize the spin of the ball in flight, causing an erratic, unpredictable motion. The air flow over a seam of the ball causes the ball to change from laminar to turbulent flow. This change adds a deflecting force to the baseball, making it difficult for batters to hit but also difficult for pitchers to control and catchers to catch. Umpires are challenged as well, as the ball's irregular motion through the air makes it harder to call balls and strikes. A pitcher who throws knuckleballs is known as a knuckleballer.
Solar (composition)
"Solar" (/ˈsoʊlər/ or /soʊˈlɑːr/) is a composition written by Chuck Wayne and later recorded and copyrighted with small alterations by Miles Davis. It first appeared on Davis's 1954 album Miles Davis Quintet and is considered a modern jazz standard.

Miles Davis Quintet (album)
Miles Davis Quintet (PRLP 185) is a 10 inch LP album by Miles Davis, released in 1954 by Prestige Records. The album title is not to be confused with either of Davis' later Great Quintets. The three tracks on this LP, and one other, were recorded at Rudy Van Gelder's Studio, Hackensack, New Jersey, on April 3, 1954. This was the first session for Prestige Davis recorded at Gelder's home studio, as he would all his remaining sessions for the label.

After the 10" LP format was discontinued, tracks 1 & 2 were included on Side 2 of the 12" album Walkin' (PRLP 7076), and track 3 was reissued on the 12" album Blue Haze (PRLP 7054). A fourth song from the same session, "Love Me or Leave Me", was also included on Walkin'.
Compass Minerals
Compass Minerals International, Inc is an American public company that, through its subsidiaries, is a leading producer of minerals, including salt, magnesium chloride and sulfate of potash. Based in Overland Park, Kansas; the company provides bulk treated and untreated highway deicing salt to customers in North America and the United Kingdom and plant nutrition products to growers worldwide. Compass Minerals also produces consumer deicing and water conditioning products, consumer and commercial culinary salt, and other mineral-based products for consumer, agricultural and industrial applications. In addition, Compass Minerals provides records management services to businesses throughout the United Kingdom.

Potassium sulfate
Potassium sulfate (US) or potassium sulphate (UK), also called sulphate of potash (SOP), arcanite, or archaically potash of sulfur, is the inorganic compound with formula K2SO4, a white water-soluble solid. It is commonly used in fertilizers, providing both potassium and sulfur.
Nara Basin
The Nara Basin (奈良盆地 Nara-bonchi), also known as the Yamato Basin (大和盆地 Yamato-bonchi), is a valley in the north-western part of Nara Prefecture, Japan. It has an area of roughly 300 square kilometres (120 sq mi). It is surrounded on four sides by mountains: the Yamato Plateau in the east, the Ikoma-Kongō range in the west, the Narayama Hills in the north (which separate it from the Kyoto Basin), and the Ryūmon Mountains in the south.

The valley itself makes up only around 8% of the land area of Nara Prefecture, but the terrain is especially fit for rice production, and as the site of the ancient capital of Heijō-kyō it served as a political and cultural centre. Today it is closely connected to the Keihanshin metropolitan area by a strong transport infrastructure, with several major cities growing up in the area in addition to the prefectural capital Nara, and is the most densely populated region of the prefecture.

Nara Prefecture
Nara Prefecture (奈良県, Nara-ken; Japanese pronunciation: [naꜜ.ɾa, na.ɾaꜜ.keɴ]) is a prefecture of Japan located in the Kansai region of Honshu. As of 2020, Nara Prefecture has a population of 1,321,805 and has a geographic area of 3,691 square kilometres (1,425 sq mi). Nara Prefecture borders Kyoto Prefecture to the north, Osaka Prefecture to the northwest, Wakayama Prefecture to the southwest, and Mie Prefecture to the east.

Nara is the capital and largest city of Nara Prefecture, with other major cities including Kashihara, Ikoma, and Yamatokōriyama. Nara Prefecture is located in the center of the Kii Peninsula on Japan's Pacific Ocean coast, and is one of only eight landlocked prefectures. Nara Prefecture has the distinction of having more UNESCO World Heritage listings than any other prefecture in Japan.
Puttana Venkatramana Raju
Rao Bahadur Puttana Venkataramana Raju  (ISE). BE(Hons), FIE(I). (1894-1975) was a civil engineer in the Indian Service of Engineers. His notable works include contributions to building the Dowleswaram Barrage, Prakasam Barrage and Madras Airport, roads and waterways. He received a Rao Bahadur award for his contributions to civil and hydraulics engineering and the development of engineering education.

Engineering Services Examination
The Engineering Services Examination (ESE) is a standardized test conducted annually by the Union Public Service Commission (UPSC) to recruit officers to various engineering services under the Government of India. Held in four categories—Civil, Mechanical, Electrical, and Electronics & Telecommunication, the exam has three stages comprising objective, subjective and personality tests. The Services are also informally known as Indian Engineering Services (IES).

Officers recruited through ESE are mandated to manage and conduct activities in diverse technical fields. Government infrastructure includes railways, roads, defence, manufacturing, inspection, supply, construction, public works, power, and telecommunications. Appointments are made by the President of India.
Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan
The Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan (ICMAP) is a professional accounting body offering qualification and training in management accountancy.

The Institute of Cost and Management Accountants of Pakistan was established in 1951 and was granted statutory status under the Cost and Management Accountants Act, 1966 for the regulation of the profession of Cost and Management Accounting. ICMAP is a full member of International Federation of Accountants (IFAC), International Accounting Standards Board (IASB), Confederation of Asian and Pacific Accountants (CAPA) and South Asian Federation of Accountants (SAFA).

Confederation of Asian and Pacific Accountants
The Confederation of Asian and Pacific Accountants (CAPA) is a regional organization representing 33 national professional accountancy organizations (PAOs) operating in Asia and the Pacific. These PAOs, referred to as CAPA’s members, represent close to 2 million accountants across the region.
Adriana Hunter
Adriana Hunter is a British translator of French literature. She is known for translating over 100 French novels, such as Fear and Trembling by Amélie Nothomb or The Girl Who Played Go by Shan Sa.
She has been short-listed for the Independent Foreign Fiction Prize twice.
In 2011 she won the Scott Moncrieff Prize for her translation of Véronique Olmi's Beside the Sea. 
In 2013, she won the 27th Annual Translation Prize founded by the French-American Foundation and the Florence Gould Foundation for her translation of Electrico W by Hervé Le Tellier (2013). She is also a contributor to Words Without Borders. She lives in Kent, England. In 2017, she became the English translator for new comic albums in the Asterix series.

Shan Sa
Shan Sa is the pseudonym of Yan Ni (born October 26, 1972, in Beijing, China), a French author and painter. The Girl Who Played Go was the first of her novels to be published outside France, and won the Prix Goncourt des Lycéens (a prize voted by secondary school students). Her second novel to appear in English translation was Empress (2006). She was awarded chevalier of the Ordre des Arts et des Lettres in July 2009 and chevalier of the Ordre national du Mérite in May 2011.

Shan Sa is also a painter with exhibitions in Paris, New York, and Shanghai.
Charnockite
Charnockite (/ˈtʃɑːrnəkaɪt/) is any orthopyroxene-bearing quartz-feldspar rock formed at high temperature and pressure, commonly found in granulite facies’ metamorphic regions, sensu stricto as an endmember of the charnockite series.

Feldspar
Feldspar (/ˈfɛl(d).ˌspɑːr/ FEL(D)-spar; sometimes spelled felspar) is a group of rock-forming aluminium tectosilicate minerals, also containing other cations such as sodium, calcium, potassium, or barium. The most common members of the feldspar group are the plagioclase (sodium-calcium) feldspars and the alkali (potassium-sodium) feldspars. Feldspars make up about 60% of the Earth's crust and 41% of the Earth's continental crust by weight.

Feldspars crystallize from magma as both intrusive and extrusive igneous rocks and are also present in many types of metamorphic rock. Rock formed almost entirely of calcic plagioclase feldspar is known as anorthosite. Feldspars are also found in many types of sedimentary rocks.
Robert Gard (tenor)
Robert Joseph Gard OBE (7 March 1927 – 20 March 2021) was a British-born Australian operatic tenor. He was a leading singer with Opera Australia, and he was particularly associated with the role of Aschenbach in Benjamin Britten's Death in Venice. He premiered the role in Australia, and he sang the role in Tony Palmer's 1981 film of the opera after the originator of the role, Peter Pears, was incapacitated.

Tony Palmer (director)
Tony Palmer (born 29 August 1941) is a British film director and author. His work includes over 100 films, ranging from early works with the Beatles, Cream, Jimi Hendrix, Rory Gallagher (Irish Tour '74) and Frank Zappa (200 Motels), to his classical portraits which include profiles of Maria Callas, Margot Fonteyn, John Osborne, Igor Stravinsky, Richard Wagner, Yehudi Menuhin, Julian Lloyd Webber, Carl Orff, Benjamin Britten and Ralph Vaughan Williams.  He is also a stage director of theatre and opera.

Among over 40 international prizes for his work are 12 Gold Medals from the New York Film Festival as well as numerous BAFTAs and Emmy Awards. Palmer has won the Prix Italia twice, for A Time There Was in 1980 and At the Haunted End of the Day in 1981. He is a Fellow of the Royal Geographical Society, and an honorary citizen of both New Orleans and Athens.
Vice admiral (Pakistan)
Vice admiral (abbreviated as VADM) is a three-star commissioned armed senior flag officer rank in the Pakistan Navy, and marines awarded by the government of Pakistan to rear admirals as a position advancement in uniformed service. It is the second-highest rank in Pakistan armed services, and while it is worn on epaulettes with a three-star insignia, it ranks above the two-star rank rear admiral and below the four-star rank admiral. Vice admiral is equivalent to the rank of Lieutenant general of Pakistan Army and air marshal of the Pakistan Air Force.

Vice admiral in the Pakistan Navy is a very senior flag officer rank and is abbreviated as V/ADMPN to distinguish it from the same ranks offered in other countries, although there is no official abbreviation available for a Pakistani vice admiral. Vice admiral may be also called as three-star admiral to distinguish it from other ranks such as the two-star rear admiral and the four-star admiral.

Lieutenant general (Pakistan)
Lieutenant General is a three-star army officer rank in the Pakistan Army. It is equivalent to a vice admiral in the Pakistan Navy and an air marshal in the Pakistan Air Force.  A lieutenant general is also called a three-star general. Like other armies, this rank is higher than a major general and lower than a full general. There are currently 30 Lieutenant Generals in the Pakistan Army, with each usually presiding over a corps. They serve at various capacities at GHQ as well.

The Pakistan Army has followed the British Army rank system since its independence from the British Empire in 1947. However, the crown in the ranks has been replaced with a star and crescent, which symbolizes the sovereignty of the Government of Pakistan.
Rebecca H. Lester
Rebecca Hurt Lester was an entrepreneur, clubwoman and civic leader in Nashville, Tennessee. She served as treasurer of the Tennessee Federation of Colored Women's Clubs. She was appointed to the Davidson County Colored Women division of the Council of National Defense in various capacities during World War I. Mrs. Lester also served as a Republican primary election clerk and judge for Davidson County in 1922 and 1924, respectively.

Council of National Defense
The Council of National Defense was a United States organization formed during World War I to coordinate resources and industry in support of the war effort, including the coordination of transportation, industrial and farm production, financial support for the war, and public morale.

It was briefly revived for World War II to hold agencies such as National Defense Research Committee.
A Star Is Born (Canada's Drag Race)
"A Star Is Born" is the eighth episode of the fourth season of the Canadian reality competition television series Canada's Drag Race, which aired on January 4, 2024 on the television network Crave. In this episode the queens must give a drag makeover to a loved one. Sarain Fox is the guest judge who is joined by regular panelists Brooke Lynn Hytes, Brad Goreski and Traci Melchor.

At the 13th Canadian Screen Awards the episode won the Canadian Screen Award for Best Achievement in Hair.

13th Canadian Screen Awards
The 13th Canadian Screen Awards were presented by the Academy of Canadian Cinema and Television from 30 May to 1 June 2025, to honour achievements in Canadian film, television and digital media production in 2024. The main gala was held on 1 June, hosted by comedian Lisa Gilroy, and was broadcast live on CBC Television and streaming on CBC Gem.

Nominees were announced on 26 March. Universal Language received the most nominations in film categories with 13, while Law & Order Toronto: Criminal Intent topped the field in television categories with 20 nominations. Canada's Drag Race was the most-awarded work overall with eight, while Universal Language would win the most awards in film categories with six.
9: Èsan
9: Èsan, also known simply as Èsan (Yoruba: Revenge), is the eighth studio album by Nigerian singer Brymo. It was released on September 9, 2021, along with 9: Harmattan & Winter.  The album represents a change from the sarcasm of Libel and the hedonistic viewpoint of Yellow. Èsan comprises nine tracks and was produced and mastered by Mikky Me Joses. It was recorded entirely in the Yoruba language and is a mixture of afro-soul, alternative rock, sentimental ballad, and Yoruba folk music. Thematically, the album deals with masculinity, exuberance, self-adulation, narcissism, and promiscuity. Èsan was nominated for Best Alternative Album and Album of the Year at The Headies 2022.

Narcissism
Narcissism is a self-centered personality style characterized as having an excessive preoccupation with oneself and one's own needs, often at the expense of others. Named after the Greek mythological figure Narcissus who fell in love with his own reflection, narcissism has evolved into a psychological concept studied extensively since the early 20th century, and it has been deemed highly relevant in various societal domains.

Narcissism exists on a continuum that ranges from normal to abnormal personality expression. While many psychologists believe that a moderate degree of narcissism is normal and healthy in humans, there are also more extreme forms, observable particularly in people who have a personality condition like narcissistic personality disorder (NPD), where one's narcissistic qualities become pathological, leading to functional impairment and psychosocial disability. It has also been discussed in dark triad studies, along with subclinical psychopathy and Machiavellianism.
Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia
Multifocal micronodular pneumocyte hyperplasia (MMPH) is a subtype of pneumocytic hyperplasia (hyperplasia of pneumocytes lining pulmonary alveoli).

Several synonymous terms have been done for this entity: adenomatoid proliferation of alveolar epithelium, papillary alveolar hamartoma, multifocal alveolar hyperplasia, multinodular pneumocyte hyperplasia.

These multifocal lesions are observed in tuberous sclerosis, and can be associated with lymphangioleiomyomatosis and perivascular epithelioid cell tumour (PEComa or clear cell "sugar tumor")).

It can be diagnosed through lung biopsy using thoracoscopy.

Lymphangioleiomyomatosis
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis (LAM) is a rare, progressive and systemic disease that typically results in cystic lung destruction. It predominantly affects women, especially during childbearing years. The term sporadic LAM is used for patients with LAM not associated with tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC), while TSC-LAM refers to LAM that is associated with TSC.
George Ogbeide
George Ogbeide (born 4 August 1968 in Lagos) is a retired Nigerian long jumper. He won the silver medal at the 1991 Summer Universiade and the gold at the 1991 All-Africa Games.

Ogbeide finished fourth in 4 x 100 metres relay at the 1991 World Championships with teammates Olapade Adeniken, Victor Omagbemi and Davidson Ezinwa.

His personal best jump was 8.24 metres, achieved in July 1991 in Cottbus. This ranks him fourth among Nigerian long jumpers, behind Yusuf Alli (8.27 m), Charlton Ehizuelen (8.26 m indoor) and Paul Emordi (8.25 m).

Representing the Washington State Cougars track and field team, Ogbeide also won the 1991 American collegiate (NCAA) long jump title with a leap of 8.13 metres.

Paul Emordi
Paul Azuka Emordi (born 25 December 1965) is a retired Nigerian athlete who competed in the long jump and triple jump.

His personal best in long jump was 8.25 metres, achieved in June 1987 in Baton Rouge. This ranks him third among Nigerian long jumpers, only behind Yusuf Alli (8.27 m) and Charlton Ehizuelen (8.26 indoor).

In 1987, Emordi won an NCAA title in the long jump representing the Texas Southern Tigers track and field team.
Ohio State Route 8
State Route 8 (SR 8) is a road in the U.S. state of Ohio. SR 8 stretches from the eastern junction of Interstate 76 (I-76) and I-77 in Akron to Public Square in Cleveland. It is one of nine routes to enter downtown Cleveland at Public Square. The route's first few miles are as a limited-access freeway from I-76 and I-77, heading north.  The freeway section of the highway has 17 interchanges, and is cosigned with SR 59 for approximately five miles (8.0 km) from Perkins Street in Akron to Front Street in Cuyahoga Falls.  The freeway section ends at I-271 in Macedonia.

Interstate 77 in Ohio
Interstate 77 (I-77) in Ohio is an Interstate Highway that runs for 163.03 miles (262.37 km) through the state. The highway crosses into Ohio on the Marietta–Williamstown Interstate Bridge over the Ohio River near Marietta. The northern terminus is in Cleveland at the junction with I-90. From the West Virginia state line to Cleveland, I-77 serves the cities of Marietta, Cambridge, New Philadelphia, Canton, Akron, and the Cleveland suburban city of Brecksville.