hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Shefki Kuqi
Shefki Kuqi[a] (Albanian pronunciation: [ˈʃɛfki ˈkuci]; born 10 November 1976) is a Kosovan-born Finnish  professional football manager and former player who played predominantly as a striker.

He spent most of his career in the English football league system, for clubs including Newcastle United, Sheffield Wednesday, Ipswich Town, Blackburn Rovers, Crystal Palace, Fulham, Swansea City and Oldham Athletic. He made over 500 career league appearances, scoring over 150 goals.

Despite being born in Yugoslavia to Kosovan Albanian parents, Kuqi grew up in Finland and holds Finnish citizenship which allowed him to represent the Finland national team at international level, for which he scored eight goals in 62 appearances between 1999 and 2010. His trademark goal celebration of swallow-diving onto the ground has led to his nickname of the "Flying Finn".

Finland national football team
The Finland national football team (Finnish: Suomen jalkapallomaajoukkue, Swedish: Finlands fotbollslandslag) represents Finland in men's international football competitions and is controlled by the Football Association of Finland, the governing body for football in Finland, which was founded in 1907. The team has been a member of FIFA since 1908 and a UEFA member since 1957.

Finland had never qualified for a major tournament until securing a spot at UEFA Euro 2020. After decades of average results and campaigns, the nation made progress in the 2000s, achieving notable results against established European teams and reaching a peak of 33rd in the FIFA World Rankings in 2007. Afterward, their performances and results declined, drawing them to their all-time low of 110th in the FIFA Rankings in 2017. Seven years after their all-time low in the FIFA Rankings, as of October 2025, they sit at 72nd place in the overall ranking.
John F. Lewis
John Francis Lewis (March 1, 1818 – September 2, 1895) was an American planter and politician from Rockingham County, Virginia. He represented Rockingham County as a Whig during the Virginia Secession Convention of 1861 and refused to sign the final document, and twice served as Lieutenant Governor of Virginia following the American Civil War and represented Virginia as a Republican in the United States Senate during the Reconstruction period after the Civil War.

Rockingham County, Virginia
Rockingham County is a county located in the U.S. state of Virginia. As of the 2020 census, the population was 83,757. Its county seat is the independent city of Harrisonburg.

Along with Harrisonburg, Rockingham County forms the Harrisonburg, VA, Metropolitan Statistical Area. It is also home of the Rockingham County Baseball League.
Texas Secretary of the Navy
The Secretary of the Navy of the Republic of Texas was a member of the Cabinet of the President of the Republic of Texas responsible for naval affairs and management of the Texas Navy.  The office lasted from 1836 until 1841, when it was merged with Secretary of War under the title Secretary of War and Marine by President Sam Houston during his second term.

Texas portal

Texas Navy
The Texas Navy, officially the Navy of the Republic of Texas, also known as the Second Texas Navy, was the naval warfare branch of the Texas Military Forces during the Republic of Texas. It descended from the Texian Navy, which was established in November 1835 to fight for independence from Centralist Republic of Mexico in the Texas Revolution. The Texas Navy, Texas Army, and Texas Militia were officially established on September 5, 1836 in Article II of the Constitution of the Republic of Texas. The Texas Navy and Texas Army were merged with the United States Armed Forces on February 19, 1846 after the Republic of Texas became the 28th state of the United States.
Cupar Burghs (Commonwealth Parliament constituency)
During the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland, called the Protectorate, the Scottish burghs of St Andrews, Dysart, Kirkcaldy, Cupar, Anstruther Easter, Pittenweem. Crail, Dunfermline, Kinghorn, Anstruther Wester, Inverkeithing, Kilrenny and Burntisland were jointly represented by one Member of Parliament in the House of Commons at Westminster from 1654 until 1659. Elections were held at Cupar.

Anstruther
Anstruther /ˈænstrəðər/ ⓘ (Scots: Ainster or Enster /ˈeɪnstər/ ⓘ; Scottish Gaelic: Eanstair or Ànsruthair) is a coastal town in Fife, Scotland, situated on the north-shore of the Firth of Forth and 9 mi (14 km) south-southeast of St Andrews. The town comprises two settlements, Anstruther Easter and Anstruther Wester, which are divided by a stream, the Dreel Burn. With a population of 3,500, it is the largest community on the Firth of Forth's north-shore coastline known as the East Neuk. To the east, it merges with the village of Cellardyke.
Flow (rapper)
Widner DeGruy, also known by his stage name Flow, is an American rapper from New Orleans, Louisiana. He began his music career with hip hop group, The Flamez and is the CEO of Flame Gang Music. In 2012, he signed to Lil Wayne's label Young Money Entertainment. That same year, Flow formed another group called L.A.T. (Loyalty Amongst Thieves) with rappers Gudda Gudda and Kevin Gates. Flow would tour with labelmate Lil Wayne.

Gudda Gudda
Carl Eugene Lilly Jr. (born March 11, 1983), better known by his stage name Gudda Gudda, is an American rapper from New Orleans, Louisiana. He performed on Young Money Entertainment's 2009 single "BedRock", which peaked at number two on the Billboard Hot 100.

Lilly was originally a member of Sqad Up with Kidd Kidd and Lil Wayne. After forging a long-time friendship with Wayne, Lilly signed with his label Young Money Entertainment, and later Republic Records.
He Dongchang
He Dongchang (Chinese: 何东昌; April 1923 – 23 January 2014) was a Chinese politician who served as minister of education from 1982 to 1985.

He was a member of the 12th and 13th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party. He was a delegate to the 3rd and 5th National People's Congress. He was a member of the Standing Committee of the 8th Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference.

Minister of Education (China)
The minister of education of the People's Republic of China is the head of the Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China and a member of the State Council. Within the State Council, the position is fourth in order of precedence. The minister is responsible for leading the ministry, presiding over its meetings, and signing important documents related to the ministry. Officially, the minister is nominated by the premier of the State Council, who is then approved by the National People's Congress or its Standing Committee and appointed by the president.

The current minister is Huai Jinpeng, who concurrently serves as the Chinese Communist Party Committee Secretary of the ministry.
Polythea, Trikala
Polythea (Greek: Πολυθέα) is a village and a community of the Meteora municipality. Before the 2011 local government reform it was part of the community of Aspropotamos, of which it was a communal district. The 2021 census recorded 3 residents in the village. The community of Polythea covers an area of 24.293 km2.

Meteora (municipality)
Meteora (Greek: Μετέωρα, romanized: Metéora, before 2018: Kalampaka) is a municipality in the regional unit of Trikala in the Thessaly region in Greece. Its seat is the town Kalabaka.

The municipality Meteora was formed as the municipality Kalampaka at the 2011 local government reform by the merger of the following 8 former municipalities, that became municipal units:

Aspropotamos

Chasia

Kalabaka

Kastania

Kleino

Malakasi

Tymfaia

Vasiliki

In 2018 it was renamed to "Municipality of Meteora". The municipality has an area of 1,658.280 km2.
The Gambling Ghost
The Gambling Ghost (Chinese: 洪福齊天) is a 1991 Hong Kong action comedy film directed by Clifton Ko. It stars Sammo Hung in three roles as different generations of the same family - son, father and ghostly grandfather. Hung's co-star, Mang Hoi also worked as the film's action director.

The opening scene of the film parodies another Hong Kong film, God of Gamblers.

God of Gamblers
God of Gamblers (Chinese: 賭神; lit. God of Gambling) is a 1989 Hong Kong action comedy film written and directed by Wong Jing. The film stars Chow Yun-fat, Andy Lau, Joey Wong, and Sharla Cheung. The film was released theatrically in Hong Kong on 14 December 1989.
Lac à la Carpe
The lac à la Carpe (English: Carp Lake) is the most important freshwater body on the hydrographic side of the rivière à la Carpe on the watershed Lac Saint-Jean, in the unorganized territory of Belle-Rivière, in the Lac-Saint-Jean-Est Regional County Municipality, in the administrative region of Saguenay–Lac-Saint-Jean, in the province of Quebec, in Canada.

Lac à la Carpe is located a few kilometers from the northern limit of the Laurentides Wildlife Reserve.

This small valley is served by the forest road along the east bank of the Métabetchouane River. A few secondary roads serve this area for the needs of forestry, recreational tourism activities.

Forestry is the main economic activity in the sector; recreational tourism, second.

The surface of Carp Lake is usually frozen from the beginning of December to the end of March, however the safe circulation on the ice is generally done from mid-December to mid-March.

Belle-Rivière, Quebec
Belle-Rivière (French pronunciation: [bɛl ʁivjɛʁ]) is an unorganized territory in the Canadian province of Quebec, located in the regional county municipality of Lac-Saint-Jean-Est. It had a population of 10 in the Canada 2021 Census, and covered a land area of 608.47 km2. The Métabetchouane River forms its western boundary.

The territory is named after la Belle Rivière ("the beautiful river") that has its source at Lac de la Belle Rivière ("Beautiful River Lake") that is also within the territory. The river was historically an important route for the natives and explorers of the Lac Saint-Jean region.
Syed Hamid
Syed Hamid (28 March 1920 – 29 December 2014) was an Indian educationist and diplomat. He was a member of Indian Administrative Service and also served as the Vice Chancellor of Aligarh Muslim University. He had also served in several important committees, including the Sachar Committee set up by the UPA government to probe the social and economic conditions of the Indian Muslim community.

Aligarh Muslim University
Aligarh Muslim University is a collegiate, central, and research university located in Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh, India, which was originally established by Sir Syed Ahmad Khan as the Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College in 1875. Muhammadan Anglo-Oriental College became Aligarh Muslim University in 1920, following the Aligarh Muslim University Act.

The university offers more than 300 courses in traditional and modern branches of education. It is an Institute of National Importance and is listed in the Union List under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India.
Bisphenol-A bis(diphenyl phosphate)
Bisphenol A diphenyl phosphate is a halogen-free flame retardant used in plastics. It is used in polymer blends of engineering plastics, such as PPO/HIPS and PC/ABS, which are commonly used to make casing for electrical items like TVs, computers and home appliances.

It is formed by the transesterification of bisphenol A with triphenyl phosphate. The commercial grade material can contain oligomers (CAS: 181028–79–5)

Oligomers, where n = >1

Triphenyl phosphate
Triphenyl phosphate (TPhP) is the chemical compound with the formula OP(OC6H5)3. It is the simplest aromatic organophosphate. This colourless solid is the ester (triester) of phosphoric acid and phenol. It is used as a plasticizer and a fire retardant in a wide variety of settings and products.
Wag the dog
Wag the dog is a political term for the act of creating a diversion from a damaging issue usually through military force.

It stems from the generic use of the term to mean a small and seemingly unimportant entity (the tail) controls a bigger, more important one (the dog). It is usually used by a politician when they are in a scandal, in hopes that people forget about the scandal and focus on the more important issue.

The phrase originates in the saying "a dog is smarter than its tail, but if the tail were smarter, then it would wag the dog." The concept has strong intersections with many other aspects of diversionary foreign policy, particularly the rally 'round the flag effect, as wag-the-dog actions tend to both distract and seek to bolster support through these actions.

Rally 'round the flag effect
The rally 'round the flag effect, also referred to as the rally 'round the flag syndrome, is a concept used in political science and international relations to explain increased short-run popular support of a country's government or political leaders during periods of international crisis or war. Because the effect can reduce criticism of governmental policies, it can be seen as a factor of diversionary foreign policy.
WPAK (AM)
WPAK (1490 AM) is an American Positive Country formatted broadcast radio station licensed to Farmville, Virginia, serving Farmville, Northern Prince Edward County, Virginia, and Southern Cumberland County, Virginia. WPAK is owned by Emory F. Bearden, through licensee White Pine Enterprises, Inc.

Farmville, Virginia
Farmville is a town in Prince Edward (south of the Appomattox river) and Cumberland (north of the Appomattox river) counties in the Commonwealth of Virginia. It is the county seat of Prince Edward County. The population was 7,473 at the 2020 census. Farmville was a major tobacco growing area in Virginia for over 100 years.

Farmville developed near the headwaters of the Appomattox River in central Virginia; the waterway was long its main transportation access to other markets. In the 19th century, a railroad through Farmville was developed, operating until the early 2000s, and subsequently adapted as the High Bridge Trail State Park, a rail trail park, approximately 30-mile-in length (48 km). US 15, VA 45 and US 460 now intersect at Farmville. The town is the home of Longwood University and is the town nearest to Hampden–Sydney College, which together comprise the core of the town's modern economy.
2019 Senior Open Championship
The 2019 Senior Open Championship was a senior major golf championship and the 33rd Senior Open Championship, held on 25–28 July at Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club in Lytham, England. It was the 5th Senior Open Championship played at the course and the 17th Senior Open Championship played as a senior major championship.

World Golf Hall of Fame member Bernhard Langer won by two strokes over Paul Broadhurst. The 2019 event was Langer's fourth Senior Open Championship title and his 11th senior major championship victory.

Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club
Royal Lytham & St Annes Golf Club in Lytham St Annes, Lancashire, England, is one of the courses in the Open Championship rotation. The Women's British Open has also been played on the course five times: once prior to being designated a major championship by the LPGA Tour, and four times since.
Kentucky Route 2386
Kentucky Route 2386 (KY 2386) is a state highway in the city of Williamsburg in Whitley County, Kentucky. The highway runs 0.776 miles (1.249 km) along South 10th Street from KY 92 north to KY 296. KY 2386 connects Interstate 75 (I-75) and U.S. Route 25W (US 25W) with the University of the Cumberlands. The highway was established by 1981.

Williamsburg, Kentucky
Williamsburg is a home rule-class city in and the county seat of Whitley County, on the southeastern border of Kentucky, United States. The population was 5,326 at the 2020 census. Developed along the Cumberland River, the city was founded in 1818 and named after William Whitley.
John Montgomery (pioneer)
Lieutenant Colonel John Montgomery (c. 1748–1794) was an American pioneer, soldier and politician west of the Blue Ridge Mountains of Virginia and Tennessee. One of the signers of the Fincastle Resolutions and one of the initial representatives for Montgomery County, Virginia in the Virginia House of Delegates during the American Revolutionary War, Montgomery also participated in the Illinois campaign of Brig.General George Rogers Clark and later founded the city of Clarksville, Tennessee before dying in an ambush while hunting.

Fincastle Resolutions
The Fincastle Resolutions was a statement reportedly adopted on January 20, 1775, by fifteen elected representatives of Fincastle County, Virginia. Part of the political movement that became the American Revolution, the resolutions were addressed to Virginia's delegation at the First Continental Congress, and expressed support for Congress' resistance to the Intolerable Acts, issued in 1774 by the British Parliament.
Vaulerent barn
The Vaulerent or Vaulerand barn is a former Monastic barn in Villeron, on the French plain in eastern Val-d'Oise.

From the 11th century onwards, it was a farm belonging to the Chaalis Abbey. Almost 800 years later, the barn still serves this agricultural function. Operated directly by the Royal Cistercian Abbey and its lay monks until 1315, it was then leased out. It remained the property of the royal abbey until 1791 when it was sold as biens nationaux.

The current complex includes a storage building, the barn, which dates back to the 13th century. Measuring 72 meters in length, it is one of the most imposing Cistercian farm buildings in France. The barn was listed as a historic monument in 1889; the dovecote, the well and the cellars were listed as historic monuments on February 20, 1990.

Villeron
Villeron (French pronunciation: [vilʁɔ̃] ⓘ) is a commune in the Val-d'Oise department in Île-de-France in northern France.

The town is bordered by Louvres, Puiseux-en-France, Marly-la-Ville, Survilliers, Vémars and Chennevières-lès-Louvres.
Tandem affinity purification
Tandem affinity purification (TAP) is an immunoprecipitation-based purification technique for studying protein–protein interactions. The goal is to extract from a cell only the protein of interest, in complex with any other proteins it interacted with. TAP uses two types of agarose beads that bind to the protein of interest and that can be separated from the cell lysate by centrifugation, without disturbing, denaturing or contaminating the involved complexes. To enable the protein of interest to bind to the beads, it is tagged with a designed piece, the TAP tag.

The original TAP method involves the fusion of the TAP tag to the C-terminus of the protein under study. The TAP tag consists of three components: a calmodulin binding peptide (CBP), TEV protease cleavage site, and two Protein A domains, which bind tightly to IgG (making a TAP tag a type of epitope tag).

Many other tag/bead/eluent combinations have been proposed since the TAP principle was first published.

Immunoprecipitation
Immunoprecipitation (IP) is the technique of precipitating a protein antigen out of solution using an antibody that specifically binds to that particular protein. This process can be used to isolate and concentrate a particular protein from a sample containing many thousands of different proteins.  Immunoprecipitation requires that the antibody be coupled to a solid substrate at some point in the procedure.
Medium bomber
A medium bomber is a military bomber aircraft designed to operate with medium-sized bombloads over medium range distances; the name serves to distinguish this type from larger heavy bombers and smaller light bombers. Mediums generally carried about two tons of bombs, compared to light bombers that carried one ton, and heavies that carried four or more.

The term was used prior to and during World War II, based on available parameters of engine and aeronautical technology for bomber aircraft designs at that time. After the war, medium bombers were replaced in world air forces by more advanced and capable aircraft.

Fighter-bomber
A fighter-bomber is a fighter aircraft that has been modified, or used primarily, as a light bomber or attack aircraft. It differs from bomber and attack aircraft primarily in its origins, as a fighter that has been adapted into other roles, whereas bombers and attack aircraft are developed specifically for bombing and attack roles.

Although still used, the term fighter-bomber has less significance since the introduction of rockets and guided missiles into aerial warfare. Modern aircraft with similar duties are now typically called multirole combat aircraft or strike fighters.
Oncia
In southern Italy, the oncia (plural oncie or once) or onza (pl. onze) was a unit of account during the Middle Ages and later a gold coin minted between 1732 and 1860. It was also minted in the southern Italian territories of the Spanish Empire, and a silver coin of the same value was minted by the Knights of Malta. The name is derived from the ancient Roman uncia. It may sometimes be translated ounce.

In the medieval kingdoms of Naples and Sicily, one oncia was equivalent to 30 tarì, 600 grani and 3600 denari (pennies). Conventionally, a sum of money is indicated by numbers of oncie, tarì, grani and denari separated by full stops, thus 2.2.15.1 indicates 2 oncie, two tarì, 15 grani and 1 denaro. Although the oncia was never minted in the Middle Ages, it was the basic unit of account. The lesser denominations were minted, as was the ducat (six of which equalled an oncia) and the  carlino (60 to the oncia). Frederick II introduced the augustalis, which was a quarter of an oncia.

Gigliato
The gigliato, also gillat or carlino, was a coin of pure silver established in 1303 by Charles II of Anjou in Naples, and then also in Provence from 1330. Its name derives from the Lilies ("giglio") depicted on the reverse entwined around a cross.
The coin weighed 4 grams. This type of coin was widely copied in the Eastern Mediterranean, especially by the Turks, such as the Emir of Saruhan.
Real Madrid C
Real Madrid Club de Fútbol C, commonly known as Real Madrid C, is a Spanish association football team, and is Real Madrid's second reserve team. They play in Segunda Federación – Group 5, holding their home games at La Ciudad del Real Madrid in Valdebebas outside the city of Madrid.

At the end of the 2014–15 Tercera División, Real Madrid C was disbanded. However in 2023, the team was brought back and was put in the Tercera Federación after taking the place of RSC Internacional.

Segunda Federación
Segunda Federación, previously called Segunda RFEF, also officially known as Segunda B, is the fourth tier of the Spanish football league system containing 90 teams divided into five groups. It is administered by the Royal Spanish Football Federation. It is the second tier outside the top two professional leagues, the Primera División (also known as La Liga) and Segunda División (also known as La Liga 2), being behind Primera Federación and above Tercera Federación. The division also includes the reserve teams of a number of La Liga and La Liga 2 teams.