hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
AI data center
An AI data center is a specialized data center facility designed for the computationally intensive tasks of training and running inference for artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning models. Unlike general-purpose data centers, they are optimized for the parallel processing demands of AI workloads, typically utilizing hardware such as AI accelerators (e.g., GPUs, TPUs) and high-speed interconnects.

The global push to construct these specialized facilities accelerated dramatically during the AI boom of the 2020s. This demand has reshaped supply chains, driving memory manufacturers to prioritize production of High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) essential for AI servers, which has led to a global memory supply shortage, and triggering a broader competition for advanced chips, power, and infrastructure.

Major tech companies are estimated to spend $650 billion on AI data centers in 2026.

High Bandwidth Memory
High Bandwidth Memory (HBM) is a computer memory interface for 3D-stacked synchronous dynamic random-access memory (SDRAM) initially from Samsung, AMD and SK Hynix. It is used in conjunction with high-performance graphics accelerators, network devices, high-performance ASICs, as on-package cache or on-package RAM in CPUs, and FPGAs and in some supercomputers (such as the NEC SX-Aurora TSUBASA and Fujitsu A64FX). The first HBM memory chip was produced by SK Hynix in 2013, and the first devices to use HBM were the AMD Fiji GPUs in 2015.

HBM was adopted by JEDEC as an industry standard in October 2013. The second generation, HBM2, was accepted by JEDEC in January 2016. JEDEC officially announced the HBM3 standard on January 27, 2022, and the HBM4 standard in April 2025.

In 2025, the world's largest manufacturers of HBM include SK Hynix, Samsung Electronics, and Micron Technology.

TSMC produces the base die for HBM and is planned to be the foundry for several HBM companies in 2026.
Radetzky March (novel)
Radetzky March (German: Radetzkymarsch) is a 1932 family saga novel by Joseph Roth chronicling the decline and fall of the Habsburg Monarchy via the story of the Trotta family. Radetzkymarsch is an early example of a story that features the recurring participation of a historical figure, in this case the Emperor Franz Joseph I of Austria (1830–1916). Roth continues his account of the Trotta family to the time of the Anschluss in his The Emperor's Tomb (Kapuzinergruft, 1938). The novel, which covers the period from 1859 to 1916, has been published in English translations by Geoffrey Dunlop in 1933, Joachim Neugroschel in 1995 and Michael Hofmann in 2003.

The Emperor's Tomb
The Emperor's Tomb (German: Die Kapuzinergruft) is a 1938 novel by the Austrian writer Joseph Roth. The Overlook Press published an English translation by John Hoare in 1984. The title refers to the Imperial Crypt in Vienna. The novel was adapted into the 1971 film Trotta directed by Johannes Schaaf. New Directions Publishing Corporation published a new translation by Michael Hofmann in 2013.

New German edition, based on the first print: Joseph Roth, Die Kapuzinergruft, ed. by Werner Bellmann, Reclam, Stuttgart 2013. [with detailed commentary and epilog]
D. T. H. van der Merwe
Daniel Tailliferre Hauman van der Merwe (born 28 April 1986) is a retired South African-Canadian professional rugby union player who last played for the LA Giltinis of Major League Rugby (MLR).

He most notably played for the Glasgow Warriors and was the club's all-time record try scorer until George Horne surpassed it on 29 March 2025.

LA Giltinis
The LA Giltinis were a Major League Rugby team based in Los Angeles, California, United States. The team was announced in 2020 and entered the league in the 2021 season as an expansion franchise. Owned by Adam Gilchrist and Loyals Rugby, the team was named for a yet-to-be-released drink, itself a portmanteau of "Gilchrist" and "martini". The Giltinis were based in El Segundo, California, and played at the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum. Darren Coleman was their first head coach.

The club won the MLR Shield in their inaugural season, but were disqualified from the playoffs in 2022. The Giltinis and the Austin Gilgronis—another MLR team owned by Gilchrist—were removed from the league in October 2022.
Bin Cheng
Bin Cheng (Chinese: 鄭斌; pinyin: Zhèng Bīn; Wade–Giles: Ch’eng Pin; 1921 – 16 October 2019) was a Chinese-born British legal scholar. An authority on international air and space law, he served as professor and dean of the University College London Faculty of Laws and honorary president of the London Institute of Space Policy and Law. He was a fellow of the Royal Aeronautical Society and an honorary fellow at UCL. He was named an officier of the Ordre des Palmes Academiques by the French government and awarded the Santos-Dumont Merit Medal by the Brazilian government.

Ordre des Palmes académiques
The Ordre des Palmes académiques (French pronunciation: [ɔʁdʁ de palm(z‿)akademik]; French for 'Order of Academic Palms') is a national order bestowed by the French Republic on distinguished academics and teachers and for valuable service to universities, education and science.

Originally established in 1808 by Emperor of the French Napoleon as a decoration to honour eminent members of the University of Paris, it was changed into its current form as an order of merit on 4 October 1955 by President René Coty, making it one of the oldest civil honours bestowed by the French Republic.
Arij Smit
Arij Smit (7 July 1907 – 30 April 1970) was a Dutch boxer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. He was born in Schiedam and died in Haarlem. In 1924 he was eliminated in the second round of the bantamweight class after losing his fight to Alf Barber of Great Britain.

Alf Barber
Mr. Albert "Alf" Oliver Barber (15 January 1902 – 4 April 1967) was a British boxer who competed in the 1924 Summer Olympics. In 1924, he was the first one who was  eliminated in the quarter-finals of the bantamweight class after losing his fight to the upcoming bronze medalist Jean Ces.
Commemoration of Charles Darwin
Commemoration of Charles Darwin began with geographical features named after Darwin while he was still on the Beagle survey voyage, continued after his return with the naming of species he had collected, and extended further with his increasing fame. Many geographical features, species and institutions bear his name. Interest in his work has led to scholarship and publications, nicknamed the Darwin Industry, and his life is remembered in fiction, film and TV productions as well as in numerous biographies. Darwin Day has become an annual event, and in 2009 there were worldwide celebrations to mark the bicentenary of Darwin's birth and the 150th anniversary of the publication of On the Origin of Species.

Darwin Day
Darwin Day is a celebration to commemorate the birthday of Charles Darwin on 12 February 1809. The day is used to highlight Darwin's contributions to science and to promote science in general. Darwin Day is celebrated around the world.
Lady Dorothie Feilding
Lady Dorothie Mary Evelyn Feilding-Moore, MM (6 October 1889 – 24 October 1935) was a British heiress who became a highly decorated volunteer nurse and ambulance driver on the Western Front during World War I. She was the first woman to be awarded the Military Medal for bravery in the field. She also received the 1914 Star, the Croix de Guerre from the French and the Order of Leopold II from the Belgians for services to their wounded.

Order of Leopold II
The Order of Leopold II is an order of Belgium and is named in honor of King Leopold II. The decoration was established on 24 August 1900 by Leopold II as Sovereign of the Congo Free State and was in 1908, upon Congo being handed over to Belgium, incorporated into the Belgian awards system. The order is awarded for meritorious service to the sovereign of Belgium, and as a token of his personal goodwill. It can be awarded to both Belgians and foreigners, and is seen as diplomatic gift of merit.

The order has become a long service order for people in the civil service and is awarded alternatively with the Order of the Crown, as the Order of Leopold is awarded under rarer circumstances. The order currently stands third after the Order of Leopold (1st) and the Order of the Crown (2nd) in the Belgian honors hierarchy. The Order of Leopold II is awarded by royal decree.
Elizabeth FitzGerald, Countess of Lincoln
Elizabeth FitzGerald, Countess of Lincoln (1527 – March 1590), also known as "The Fair Geraldine", was an Irish noblewoman and a member of the celebrated FitzGerald dynasty. She became the second wife of Sir Anthony Browne and later the third wife of English admiral Edward Clinton, 1st Earl of Lincoln. She was the inspiration for The Geraldine, a sonnet written by Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey.

Queen Elizabeth I of England, whom Lady Elizabeth served as a lady-in-waiting, was her close friend.

Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey
Henry Howard, Earl of Surrey, (1516/1517 – 19 January 1547), was an English nobleman, politician and poet. He was one of the founders of English Renaissance poetry and was the last known person to have been executed at the insistence of King Henry VIII. As a fellow translator and imitator of classical Latin authors, his name is usually associated in literature with that of the poet Sir Thomas Wyatt, about whom he wrote. Owing largely to the powerful position of his father Thomas Howard, 3rd Duke of Norfolk, Henry took a prominent part in court life, and served as a soldier both in France and in Scotland. He was a man of reckless temper, which involved him in many quarrels, and finally brought upon him the wrath of the ageing Henry VIII. He was arrested, tried for treason and beheaded on Tower Hill.
Stapleton, Selby
Stapleton is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 59. The population taken at the 2011 Census was less than 100. Details are included in the civil parish of Womersley. It is situated approximately 3 miles (5 km) south-east from the towns of Pontefract and Knottingley.

From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Selby, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The name Stapleton derives from the Old English stapoltūn meaning 'post settlement'.

Stapleton Park was the subject of a well-known painting of the Victorian era by John Atkinson Grimshaw.

Stapleton is home to the Stapleton Colony of the Brotherhood Church.

Womersley
Womersley is a village and civil parish in North Yorkshire, England. In 2001 the parish had a population of 363. The parish population at the 2011 census (including Stapleton and Walden Stubbs) was 515. It is near the towns of Selby, Askern and Pontefract. It is close to the borders with South and West Yorkshire.

The village was part of the West Riding of Yorkshire until 1974. From 1974 to 2023 it was part of the district of Selby, it is now administered by the unitary North Yorkshire Council.

The name Womersley derives from the Old English Wilmaerslēah meaning 'Wilmaer's wood/clearing'.
2009–10 Maltese Second Division
The 2009–10 Maltese Second Division started in September 2009 and will end in May 2010. Rabat Ajax and Senglea Athletic were relegated from the 2008–09 Maltese First Division. Gzira United, Gharghur and Zurrieq were promoted from the 2008–09 Maltese Third Division. The Maltese Second Division 2009–10 was won by Lija Athletic. The runners-up were St. Andrews. Gharghur and Gozo FC were relegated. Santa Venra Lightning were also relegated after losing in the relegation playoffs.

2008–09 Maltese Third Division
The Maltese Third Division 2008–09 (known as the BOV 3rd Division 2008–09 due to sponsorship reasons) is the 9th season of the Maltese Third Division. It started in September 2008 and ended in late May 2009, with the promotion play-off finals. This division is divided into two sections: Section A, with ten teams and Section B, with nine. The winners from both sections will face each other in a play-off where the winner is crowned as champion of this division, but both teams will still be given promotion to the Second Division.

Gharghur were the winners of Section A, while Gzira United were the winners of Section B. Gzira United finished the season as overall champions after they beat Gharghur 3–0.

Zurrieq were also promoted after winning the promotion play-offs, beating Santa Lucia on penalties in the final. Santa Lucia beat Naxxar Lions in the semi-final.
Dragon Inn
Dragon Inn (龍門客棧), also known as Dragon Gate Inn, is a 1967 Taiwanese wuxia film written and directed by King Hu. Set in 15th-century China during the Ming dynasty, the film follows a small, disparate band of martial artists who protect the exiled family members of a respected official from persecution by a treacherous eunuch and the secret police.

Hu had recently left Hong Kong to Taiwan where he set-up the short-lived Union Film Company. The film was shot in 1966. The film was released in 1967, and broke box‐office records in Taiwan, Korea, and the Philippines.

Dragon Inn received positive retrospective reviews in Empire, Radio Times and Sight & Sound, with critic Michael Brooke of the latter magazine referring to the film as "one of the most important wuxia films to emerge from the Chinese-speaking world prior to the great martial arts boom of the turn of the 1970s." The film was remade as New Dragon Gate Inn (1992) and Flying Swords of Dragon Gate (2011).

Sight and Sound
Sight and Sound (formerly written Sight & Sound) is a monthly film magazine published by the British Film Institute (BFI). Since 1952, it has conducted the well-known decennial Sight and Sound Poll of the Greatest Films of All Time.
Noida City Centre metro station
Noida City Centre (also called Wave City Center) is a station on the Blue Line of the Delhi Metro. It was the terminal station of the Blue Line - Main Line till 8 March 2019. It was earlier known as Noida City Centre, and was renamed in October 2015. Trains from here go to Dwarka Sector 21 metro station and Noida Electronic City metro station.

Noida Electronic City metro station
Noida Electronic City is a metro station on the Blue Line extension of the Delhi Metro, in the city of Noida in India. It lies on the east extreme end of Blue Line extension of the Delhi Metro.

It is surrounded by several software, BPO companies and the institute Jaypee Institute Of Information Technology. It serves the sub-cities of Indirapuram and Noida.
Attempted assassination of Hassan Sheikh Mohamud
The attempted assassination of Hassan Sheikh Mohamud occurred on 18 March 2025, when al-Shabaab militants targeted the Somali president's convoy with a roadside bomb in Mogadishu, Somalia.

The attack took place near the Villa Somalia presidential palace as President Mohamud was en route to Aden Adde International Airport to oversee military operations against al-Shabaab in the Middle Shabelle region. The president was unharmed in the attack.

Middle Shabelle
Middle Shabelle (Somali: Shabeellaha Dhexe, Arabic: شبيلي الوسطى, Italian: Medio Scebeli) is an administrative region (gobol) in southern Somalia.

It is bordered by Hiran to the north, Galgaduud to the east, the Indian Ocean to the south and the region of Lower Shabelle and the capital Mogadishu to the west. The Shabelle River also passes through this region.

The region of Middle Shabelle formed the Hirshabelle State by 2016, which considers itself an autonomous state within the larger Federal Republic of Somalia, as defined by the Provisional Constitution of the Federal Republic of Somalia.
Kocytean
Kocytean is the ninth EP by Swedish heavy metal band Katatonia. The album was released on April 19, 2014, as part of the 2014 iteration of Record Store Day. The release consists of a collection of six B-side songs from their prior three albums at the time – The Great Cold Distance (2006), Night is the New Day (2009), and Dead End Kings (2012). While given a limited release, it was still generally praised by critics.

Night Is the New Day
Night Is the New Day is the eighth studio album by Swedish heavy metal band Katatonia. It was released 2 November 2009, in Europe and 10 November 2009, in North America through Peaceville Records. Thirteen tracks were recorded, eleven of which made it onto the record. The band describes the material as "Our most varied, diverse and possibly strongest shit all together on one and the same album". "Idle Blood" had the working title "Kozelek", named after Mark Kozelek, a member of Red House Painters, which is one of Katatonia's influences. This is the last Katatonia release with the Norrman brothers.
Nocardiaceae
The Nocardiaceae are a family of aerobic, non-fastidious, high G+C, Gram-positive actinomycetes that  are commonly found in soil and water. Members of this family have been isolated from Antarctic soils.  Nocardiaceae present coccobacilli, filamentous or, rarely, fragmented and palisading forms, and filamentous species grow in a branching morphological pattern similar to fungal hyphae.

Nocardia
Nocardia is a genus of weakly staining Gram-positive, catalase-positive, rod-shaped bacteria. It forms partially acid-fast beaded branching filaments (appearing similar to fungi, but being truly bacteria). It contains a total of 85 species. Some species are nonpathogenic, while others are responsible for nocardiosis. Nocardia species are found worldwide in soil rich in organic matter. In addition, they are oral microflora found in healthy human gingiva, as well as periodontal pockets. Most Nocardia infections are acquired by inhalation of the bacteria or through traumatic introduction through openings in epithelial barriers.
Hassan Sharif
Hassan Al Sharif (1 January 1951 – 18 September 2016) was an Emirati artist and prolific writer. He lived and worked in Dubai, United Arab Emirates. He is widely regarded as a central figure in contemporary and conceptual art in the region, often known as the father of conceptual art in the Gulf.
He founded Al Marijah Art Atelier, and through his extensive work and writings, he inspired the next generation of artists in the United Arab Emirates. His work is represented in major public collections, such as the Guggenheim New York, Guggenheim Abu Dhabi, Centre Pompidou, Mathaf Arab Museum of Modern Art, Tate Modern, and Sharjah Art Foundation.

Sharjah Art Foundation
The Sharjah Art Foundation (Arabic: مؤسسة الشارقة للفنون) is a contemporary art and cultural foundation based in Sharjah, the United Arab Emirates, founded in 2009 by Hoor Al Qasimi, daughter of Sultan bin Muhammad Al-Qasimi, a member of the Supreme Council of the United Arab Emirates and current ruler of Sharjah, to support artists and artistic practice in the Sharjah communities, the UAE, and the region via different platforms that include Sharjah Biennial, the annual March Meeting, art residencies, production grants, commissions, art exhibitions, artistic research and publications. The foundation include exhibitions featuring the work of Arab and international artists, performances, music, film screenings, artist talks, and educational for a range or audience from children to adults. The Sharjah Art foundation strives to promote public learning and participating in art practices.
Shringar Nagaraj
Gangolli Ramashet Nagaraj (16 July 1939 – 16 July 2013), popularly known as Shringar Nagaraj, was an Indian actor, cameraman, and producer in Kannada cinema. He is best known for the 1987 silent film Pushpaka Vimana, which won the National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment.

He was bestowed with Kannada Rajyotsava, Filmfare Awards, International Houston Film Festival Award and a few others.

National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment
The National Film Award for Best Popular Film Providing Wholesome Entertainment is one of the National Film Awards presented annually by the National Film Development Corporation of India, and was constituted in the year 1975. This is one of the Golden Lotus Awards (Swarna Kamal) given among National Film Awards. It is announced for films produced in a year across the country, in all Indian languages.

Films in the following languages have won the Best Popular Feature Film award: Hindi (30 awards), Telugu (6 awards), Tamil (4 awards), Malayalam (3 awards), Bengali (2 awards), and Kannada (2 awards).

With six wins, Yash Raj Films is the production house with the most wins. With five wins, Yash Chopra is the producer with the most wins, producing most of the company's winning films. He has also directed four winning films, the most for any director.
Fred: The Show
Fred: The Show (stylized as FЯED: THE SHOW) is an American comedy television series, created by Lucas Cruikshank that originally aired on Nickelodeon in the United States from January 16 to August 3, 2012. Lucas Cruikshank, Daniella Monet, Jake Weary, Siobhan Fallon Hogan, and Stephanie Courtney reprise their roles from Fred: The Movie and Fred 2: Night of the Living Fred. A series preview aired on January 16, 2012, and the show officially premiered on February 5, 2012. Fred: The Show came to production after the success of Night of the Living Fred. The show was cancelled after one season.

Jake Weary
Jacob Weary (born February 14, 1990) is an American actor. He is known for starring as Deran Cody in the TNT drama series Animal Kingdom (2016–2022). Other notable roles include his run as Luke Snyder in the CBS soap opera As the World Turns (2005), Vince Keeler in NBC's action-drama series Chicago Fire (2014), and in horror films It Follows (2014) and It Chapter Two (2019). As of 2025, he stars in the Netflix series The Waterfront.
Namiki Gohei I
Namiki Gohei I (Japanese: 並木五瓶初代; 1747 – June 2, 1808) was a Kabuki playwright active in Kyoto, Edo and Osaka. He wrote over 100 plays, mostly in the genres of jidai-mono (historical) and sewa-mono (current events).

Born in the Doshōmachi district in Osaka in 1747, Gohei was a student of the playwright Namiki Shōzō I. By 1775 he was already the main playwright for the Hayakumo-za Kabuki theatre in Kyoto.

Two of his plays have been translated into English, The Temple Gate and the Paulownia Crest (1778, translated by Alan Cummings) and Five Great Powers that Secure Love (1794, translated by Julie A. Iezzi), both in Kabuki Plays on Stage II: Villainy and Vengeance, 1773-1799, edited by James R. Brandon and Samuel L. Leiter.

Namiki Shōzō I
Namiki Shōzō I (並木正三) (1730–1773) was a prominent Japanese playwright who produced roughly 100 works for bunraku (puppet theater) and for kabuki. Shōzō is also credited with inventing the revolving stage (回り舞台, mawaributai), one of many tricks of stagecraft used extensively in kabuki, and with popularizing the use of trapdoors (セリ上げ, seriage).

Shōzō left bunraku in 1751; adapting plays from bunraku to kabuki was a very common practice, and it is likely that many of Shōzō's kabuki plays began as puppet productions.

His roughly one hundred plays were mostly jidai-mono (時代物, historical plays), and include Keisei ama no hagoromo (The Feathery Garment from Heaven, 1753), Sanjikkoku yobune no hajimari (The Beginning of the Heavy Cargo Ships on the Yodo River, 1758), and Sanzen-sekai yarikuri ōrai (Kin'emon the Notorious Pirate, 1772).
Albert MacQuarrie
Albert MacQuarrie (January 8, 1882 – February 17, 1950) was an American silent film actor.

He was signed in 1912 and starred in about 70 films before his retirement.

He starred with William Garwood in films such as Lord John in New York and The Grey Sisterhood and also starred regularly with Douglas Fairbanks.

He later became a studio make-up artist, and died in Los Angeles at the age of 68.

William Garwood
William Davis Garwood, Jr. (April 28, 1884 – December 28, 1950) was an American stage and film actor and director of the early silent film era in the 1910s.

Between 1911 and 1913, Garwood starred in a number of early adaptions of popular films, including Jane Eyre and The Vicar of Wakefield (1910), Lorna Doone (1911), The Pied Piper of Hamelin (1911), David Copperfield (1911), The Merchant of Venice (1912), and Little Dorrit (1913), and Robin Hood (1913). In total, he starred in more than 150 short and feature films.