hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Battle of Afips (1570)
The Battle of Afips River was a military conflict between the Crimean Khanate against the Kabardian Principality and Western Circassia, during which the famous Kabardian prince Temryuk Idar died Temryuk was later succeeded by Shiapshuk

Crimean Khanate
The Crimean Khanate, self-defined as the Throne of Crimea and Desht-i Kipchak, and in old European historiography and geography known as Little Tartary, was a Crimean Tatar state existing from 1441 to 1783. Established by Hacı I Giray in 1441.

In 1783, violating the 1774 Treaty of Küçük Kaynarca (which had guaranteed non-interference of both Russia and the Ottoman Empire in the affairs of the Crimean Khanate), the Russian Empire annexed the khanate. Among the European powers, only France came out with an open protest against this act, due to the longstanding Franco-Ottoman alliance.
Der bewegte Mann
Der bewegte Mann (international title: The Most Desired Man, U.S. title: Maybe ... Maybe Not) is a 1994 German comedy film directed by Sönke Wortmann and starring Til Schweiger, Rufus Beck, Joachim Król and Katja Riemann.

The film developed from the comics "Der bewegte Mann" and "Pretty Baby" by Ralf König.

Joachim Król
Joachim Król  (pronounced [ˈjoː.a.xɪm kʁoːl] ⓘ, born 17 June 1957 in Herne, West Germany) is a German actor, known for his appearances in the films Run Lola Run, Maybe, Maybe Not, and Anne Frank: The Whole Story.
The Sweet Inspirations (album)
The Sweet Inspirations is the self-titled debut album by American recording soul/gospel female group the Sweet Inspirations, released in 1967 by Atlantic Records. Led by Cissy Houston, the Sweet Inspirations were highly-in-demand female back-up singers featured on some of the most important pop and soul recordings of the 1960s and '70s. They toured and served as session background vocals on albums by various artists' including Elvis Presley, Aretha Franklin, Wilson Pickett and Dusty Springfield. This was their first album, recorded in 1967, in which it contains mostly covers of the hits of the day. The album peaked at number 12 on Billboard's Hot Soul Albums, and features the Top 20 hit "Sweet Inspiration" plus the R&B chart hits "Why (Am I Treated So Bad)" and "Let It Be Me".

Wilson Pickett
Wilson Pickett (March 18, 1941 – January 19, 2006) was an American singer and songwriter.

A major figure in the development of soul music, Pickett recorded more than 50 songs that made the US R&B charts, many of which crossed over to the Billboard Hot 100. Among his best-known hits are "In the Midnight Hour" (which he co-wrote), "Land of 1000 Dances", "634-5789 (Soulsville, U.S.A.)", "Mustang Sally", "Funky Broadway", "Engine No. 9", and "Don't Knock My Love".

Pickett was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 1991, in recognition of his impact on songwriting and recording.
German National Library of Science and Technology
The German National Library of Science and Technology (German: Technische Informationsbibliothek), abbreviated TIB, is the national library of the Federal Republic of Germany for all fields of engineering, technology, and the natural sciences. It is jointly funded by the Federal Ministry of Education and Research (BMBF) and the 16 German states. Founded in 1959, the library operates in conjunction with the Leibniz Universität Hannover.: 72–74  In addition to acquiring scientific literature, it conducts applied research in such areas as the archiving of non-textual materials, data visualization and the future Internet. The library is also involved in a number of open access initiatives. With a collection of about 8.9 million items in 2012, the TIB is the largest technology and natural science library in the world.

Future Internet
Future Internet is a general term for research and development efforts aimed at improving the current internet infrastructure to address its limitations and prepare for future needs. It encompasses a broad range of concepts, including new architectures, enhanced connectivity, and the integration of emerging technologies like the Internet of Things (IoT) and artificial intelligence (AI).
Frances Ha
Frances Ha is a 2012 American comedy drama film directed by Noah Baumbach. It is written by Baumbach and Greta Gerwig, who also stars as Frances, a struggling 27-year-old dancer. The film premiered at the Telluride Film Festival on September 1, 2012, and was given a limited theatrical release in the United States on May 17, 2013, by IFC Films.

Independent Film Company
Independent Film Company (IFC) is an American film production and distribution company owned by AMC Networks and based in New York. It was formed as an offshoot of AMC's TV network, IFC (then known as the Independent Film Channel), and was originally named IFC Films.

It mainly distributes independent features under its own name, select foreign films and documentaries under its Sundance Selects label, and co-distributes genre films with Shudder. It operates the IFC Center.
RE-109
O-Glutarylpsilocin (developmental code name RE109), also known as 4-glutaryloxy-N,N-dimethyltryptamine (4-HO-DMT O-glutarate or 4-GO-DMT) is a serotonergic psychedelic of the tryptamine family. It acts as a prodrug of psilocin (4-HO-DMT) similarly to other psilocin prodrugs like 4-AcO-DMT, 4-PrO-DMT, and psilocybin (4-PO-DMT). The drug is cleaved into psilocin by non-specific esterases. O-Glutarylpsilocin was first described in the scientific literature in 2024. It has been patented by Reunion Neuroscience. A related drug, luvesilocin (RE-104, FT-104; 4-GO-DiPT), a prodrug of 4-HO-DiPT, is being developed for potential medical use.

Prodrug
A prodrug is a pharmacologically inactive medication or compound that, after intake, is metabolized (i.e., converted within the body) into a pharmacologically active drug. Instead of administering a drug directly, a corresponding prodrug can be used to improve how the drug is absorbed, distributed, metabolized, and excreted (ADME).

Prodrugs are often designed to improve bioavailability when a drug itself is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract. A prodrug may be used to improve how selectively the drug interacts with cells or processes that are not its intended target.  This reduces adverse or unintended effects of a drug, especially important in treatments like chemotherapy, which can have severe unintended and undesirable side effects.
James M. Dykes
James Marion Dykes (May 4, 1916 – December 1966) was an American politician. He served as a Democratic member of the Georgia House of Representatives. He also served as a member for the 14th district of the Georgia State Senate.

Georgia State Senate
The Georgia State Senate is the upper house of the Georgia General Assembly, in the U.S. state of Georgia. The Georgia State Senate and the lower house of the General Assembly, the Georgia House of Representatives, comprise the bicameral legislature of the state. Combined, the Senate and the House maintain authority under Article III. of the 1983 Constitution of Georgia to enact laws "necessary and proper for the welfare of the state", although state law is subordinate to the state constitution, the United States Constitution, and federal law.

Like most upper houses in the United States, the Senate has the exclusive power to confirm various appointments made by the governor of Georgia, and to try cases of impeachment brought by the House. The Senate is often considered a springboard for those ultimately seeking higher office; all of the state's most recent governors have served in the State Senate.
Yasutomo Kubo
Yasutomo Kubo (久保 康友, born August 6, 1980) is a Japanese professional baseball pitcher for the Hyogo Bravers of the Sawakami Kansai Independent League. He has previously played in Nippon Professional Baseball (NPB) for the Chiba Lotte Marines from 2005 to 2008, the Hanshin Tigers from 2009 to 2013, and the Yokohama DeNA BayStars from 2014 to 2017.

Hanshin Tigers
The Hanshin Tigers (阪神タイガース, Hanshin Taigāsu) are a Nippon Professional Baseball team playing in the Central League. The team is based in Nishinomiya, Hyōgo Prefecture, Japan, next to their main stadium, Hanshin Koshien Stadium.

The Tigers are owned by Hanshin Electric Railway Co., Ltd., a subsidiary of Hankyu Hanshin Holdings Inc.

The Hanshin Tigers are one of the oldest professional clubs in Japan. They played their first season in 1936 as the Osaka Tigers and assumed their current team name in 1961.
Nuqta
The nuqta (Hindi: नुक़्ता, Urdu: نُقطہ, romanized: nuqtā, IPA: [nʊqt̪aː]; sometimes also spelled nukta, Hindi: नुक्ता, IPA: [nʊkt̪aː]), is a diacritic mark that was introduced in Devanagari and some other Indic scripts to represent sounds not present in the original scripts. It takes the form of a dot placed below a character. This idea is inspired from the Arabic script; for example, there are some letters in Urdu that share the same basic shape but differ in the placement of dots(s) or nuqta(s) in the Perso-Arabic script: the letter ع ayn, with the addition of a nuqta on top, becomes the letter غ g͟hayn. The word itself means "dot" in Arabic.

Ghayn
The Arabic letter غ‎ (Arabic: غَيْنْ, ghayn or ġayn, [ɣæjn]) is one of the six letters the Arabic alphabet added to the twenty-two inherited from the Phoenician alphabet (the others being thāʼ, khāʼ, dhāl, ḍād, ẓāʼ). It represents the sound /ɣ/ or /ʁ/. In name and shape, it is a variant of ʻayn (ع‎). Its numerical value is 1000 (see Abjad numerals). In Persian, it represents [ɣ]~[ɢ] and is the twenty-second letter in the new Persian alphabet.

Ghayn is written in several ways depending on its position in the word:
George Switzer
George Switzer (born 13 October 1973) is an English former footballer most famous for being part of Manchester United's 1992 FA Youth Cup-winning team. A left-back, Switzer played for Darlington, Hyde United, Salford City, Irlam and AFC Monton before his retirement in 2013.

Irlam F.C.
Irlam Football Club is a football club based in Irlam, within the city of Salford, Greater Manchester, England. They are currently members of the North West Counties League Premier Division and play at Silver Street.
Khanbu
Khanbu is a populated place located in Triyuga municipality of Udayapur District in Province No. 1 of Nepal. At the time of 2011 Nepal census it had a population of 4,350 people living in 782 individual households.

Previously, Khanbu was a separate village development committee in Udayapur District of Sagarmatha Zone in Eastern Region of Nepal. At the time of the 1991 Nepal census it had a population of 3,271 people living in 557 individual households.

Fulfilling the requirement of the new Constitution of Nepal 2015, MoFALD replaced all old VDCs and Municipalities into 753 new local level body (Municipality), thus Khanbu was merged with Triyuga Municipality.

Udayapur District
Udayapur District (Nepali: उदयपुर जिल्लाListenⓘ, is one of the 14 districts of Koshi Province in eastern Nepal. The district, with Triyuga as its district headquarters, covers an area of 2,063 km2 (797 sq mi) and in 2001 had a population of 287,689, in 2011 of 317,532, in 2021 of 342,773

Rivers and hills form natural borders for Udayapur District. The Koshi River to the east separates it from Sunsari District and the Sun Kosi River to the north separates it from Bhojpur and Khotang Districts. The Tawa Khola separates it from Sindhuli District to the west and the Siwalik foothills to the south separate it from the outer Tarai of Siraha and Saptari. The Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve lies to the east in Udayapur, Sunsari and Saptari Districts.

According to the former administrative divisions of Nepal, Udayapur falls in Eastern Development Region in Sagarmatha Zone.
Tipperah Palace
The Tipperah Palace (Bengali: ত্রিপুরা রাজবাড়ি), also known as Comilla Rajbari (Bengali: কুমিল্লা রাজবাড়ি), is the former residential palace of Manikya dynasty, rulers of the princely state of Tripura, built by Nabadwipchandra Dev Burman in the 19th century. It housed the military warehouse, government offices and poultry farm under the Department of Livestock Services from 1947 to 2010s. At present, it is under the process of conversion to a museum, which is located in Comilla District, Bangladesh.

Department of Livestock Services
Department of Livestock Services (Bengali: প্রাণিসম্পদ অধিদপ্তর) is a Bangladesh government department under the Ministry of Fisheries and Livestock responsible for Livestock industry in Bangladesh. Dr.Mohammad Reajul Haque is the Director General of the Department of Livestock.
Florida State Road 249
State Road 249 (SR 249) is the state designation for U.S. Route 129 between US 27(SR 20) in Branford and US 90(SR 10) in  Live Oak. It also includes a bi-county extension in Suwannee County, Florida from Live Oak across the Suwannee River to Jasper in Hamilton County.

Suwannee River
The Suwannee River (also spelled Suwanee River or Swanee River) is a river that runs through south Georgia southward into Florida in the Southern United States. It is a wild blackwater river, about 246 miles (396 km) long. The Suwannee River is the site of the prehistoric Suwanee Straits that separated the Florida peninsula from the Florida panhandle and the rest of the continent. Spelled as "Swanee", it is the namesake of two famous songs: Stephen Foster's "Swanee River" (1851) and George Gershwin and Irving Caesar's "Swanee" (1919).
Paint Creek–Cabin Creek strike of 1912
The Paint Creek–Cabin Creek Strike, or the Paint Creek Mine War, was a confrontation between striking coal miners and coal operators in Kanawha County, West Virginia, centered on the area enclosed by two streams, Paint Creek and Cabin Creek.

The strike lasted from April 18, 1912, through July 1913.  After the confrontation, Fred Stanton, a banker, estimated that the strike and ensuing violence cost $100,000,000.  The confrontation directly caused perhaps fifty violent deaths, as well as many more deaths indirectly caused by starvation and malnutrition among the striking miners.  In the number of casualties it counts among the worst conflicts in American labor union history.

The strike was a prelude to subsequent labor-related West Virginia conflicts in the following years, the Battle of Matewan and the Battle of Blair Mountain.

Battle of Matewan
The Battle of Matewan (also known as the Matewan Massacre) was a shootout in the town of Matewan in Mingo County and the Pocahontas Coalfield mining district, in southern West Virginia. It occurred on May 19, 1920 between local coal miners and their allies and the Baldwin–Felts Detective Agency. The dead included the detective agency's founder's two brothers and Matewan's mayor Cabell Testerman, who supported the union.
2021 Men's Rugby League World Cup final
The 2021 Rugby League World Cup final was the rugby league match to determine the winner of the 2021 Rugby League World Cup, played between Australia and Samoa on 19 November 2022 at Old Trafford in Manchester, England.

2021 Men's Rugby League World Cup
The 2021 Men's Rugby League World Cup was the 16th Rugby League World Cup, and one of three major tournaments of the 2021 Rugby League World Cup. The tournament was held in England from 15 October 2022 to 19 November 2022. It was originally due to be held between 23 October 2021 and 27 November 2021, but the COVID-19 pandemic and the subsequent withdrawals of Australia and New Zealand caused the tournament to be postponed. 16 teams competed in the tournament, an increase of two from the previous two tournaments and the first to feature 16 teams since the 2000 Rugby League World Cup.

For the first time, the Rugby League World Cup was run alongside the women's and wheelchair tournaments with all participants being paid the same, while all 61 matches in the three tournaments were broadcast live.

Australia beat Samoa 30–10 in the final to win the tournament for the third successive time, extending their record number of World Cup titles to twelve.
Pasmilgys, Josvainiai
Pasmilgys is a hamlet in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, in central Lithuania. According to the 2011 census, the hamlet was uninhabited. It is located 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) from Lipliūnai, by the Smilgaitis river, inside the Josvainiai Forest.

Lipliūnai
Lipliūnai is a village in Kėdainiai district municipality, in Kaunas County, central Lithuania. It is located by the Smilga river, near the Josvainiai forest. According to the 2011 census, the village has a population of 182 people.
Jeon Bong-jun
Jeon Bong-jun (Korean: 전봉준; December 3, 1855 – April 24, 1895) was a Korean peasant revolutionary who was a prominent leader of the Donghak movement. During the Donghak Peasant Revolution, he led the initial revolt in Gobu and later led the Southern Jeob rebels. After his defeat at the Battle of Ugeumchi, he was captured and was later executed in April 1895. Due to his short physical stature, he was called "Nokdu Janggun" (녹두장군, General mung bean).

Tonghak
Donghak (Korean: 동학; Hanja: 東學; MR: Tonghak; lit. 'Eastern learning') was an academic movement in Korean Neo-Confucianism founded in 1860 by Choe Je-u. The Donghak movement arose as a reaction to seohak (lit. '"Western learning"'), and called for a return to the "Way of Heaven". While Donghak originated as a reform movement and revival of Confucian teachings, it gradually evolved into a religion known today as Cheondoism in Korea under the third patriarch Son Byong-hi.
Henry Iba
Henry Payne “Hank” Iba (/ˈaɪbə/; August 6, 1904 – January 15, 1993) was an American basketball coach and college athletics administrator.  He served as the head basketball coach at Northwest Missouri State Teacher's College, now known as Northwest Missouri State University, from 1929 to 1933; the University of Colorado Boulder from 1933 to 1934; and the Oklahoma State University–Stillwater, known as Oklahoma A&M prior to 1957, from  1934 to 1970, compiling a career college basketball coaching record of 751–340. He led Oklahoma A&M to consecutive NCAA basketball tournament titles, in 1945 and 1946.

Iba was also the athletic director at Oklahoma A&M / Oklahoma State from 1935 to 1970 and the school's head baseball coach from 1934 to 1941, tallying a mark of 90–41. As head coach of the United States men's national basketball team, he led the U.S. to the gold medals at the 1964 and 1968 Summer Olympics. Iba was inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 1969.

Northwest Missouri State University
Northwest Missouri State University (NW Missouri) is a public university in Maryville, Missouri, United States. It has an enrollment of 9,152 students. Founded in 1905 as a teachers college, its campus is based on the design for Forest Park at the 1904 St. Louis World's Fair and is the official Missouri State Arboretum. The school is governed by a state-appointed Board of Regents and headed by President Lance Tatum.

The Northwest Bearcats compete in the National Collegiate Athletic Association (Division II) and Mid-America Intercollegiate Athletics Association for men's and women's sports.
Speed limits in Australia
Speed limits in Australia range from 5 km/h (3.1 mph) shared zones to 130 km/h (81 mph). Speed limit signage is in km/h since metrication on 1 July 1974. All speed limits, with the sole exception of the South Australian school and roadworks zones, which are signposted at 25 km/h, are multiples of 10 km/h – the last digit in all speed signs is zero. Speed limits are set by state and territory legislation albeit with co-ordination and discussion between governments.

Australia's default speed limit of 50 km/h "is at odds with the place function and safety of" local roads and streets.: 11

Australian Road Rules
The Australian Road Rules are a set of model road rules developed by the National Road Transport Commission which form the basis for state and territory road rules across Australia. The first edition of the rules was published on 19 October 1999, after decades of working towards a shared road safety policy with officials from jurisdictions across Australia. Australians drive on the left.
Dynasty Warriors 3
Dynasty Warriors 3 is a 2001 hack and slash game developed by Omega Force and published by Koei for the PlayStation 2. It is the third installment in the Dynasty Warriors series in North America and the second in the Shin: Sangoku musou series in Japan; it was also the first installment in the series to be released for the Xbox. THQ distributed the game in Europe.

Dynasty Warriors 3 was the first in the series to introduce a two player mode and numerous other improvements over Dynasty Warriors 2. New stages, characters, weapons, attacks and music are introduced providing a completely new experience to a player that has played Dynasty Warriors 2 before. The gameplay engine and the graphics engine have also been updated, providing higher quality environments, textures and general overall graphics. Only one expansion was released for the game, Dynasty Warriors 3: Xtreme Legends  and it was the first in the Xtreme Legends series.

Koei
Koei Co., Ltd. was a Japanese video game publisher, developer, and distributor founded in 1978. The company is known for its historical simulation games based on the novel Romance of the Three Kingdoms, as well as simulation games based on pseudo-historical events.

Koei found mainstream success in its series of loosely historical action games such as Dynasty Warriors and Samurai Warriors, also known as the Musō series. It also owned a division known as Ruby Party, which focuses on otome games.

On April 1, 2009, Koei merged with Tecmo to create the Tecmo Koei Holdings holding company. After operating as subsidiaries of Tecmo Koei Holdings for exactly a year, Koei and Tecmo were combined as a single company on April 1, 2010 to form Tecmo Koei Games (with Koei as the actual surviving corporation).
Grace Zabriskie
Grace Zabriskie (née Caplinger; born May 17, 1941) is an American actress. She is known for her roles as Sarah Palmer in Twin Peaks (1990–1991; 2017) and its film prequel Twin Peaks: Fire Walk with Me (1992), Lois Henrickson in Big Love, as well as in cult films such as two of David Lynch's films: Juana Durango in Wild at Heart (1990) and Visitor #1 in Inland Empire (2006). Other film roles include Norma Rae (1979), An Officer and a Gentleman (1982), Nickel Mountain (1984), The Big Easy (1986), Leonard Part 6 (1987), Drugstore Cowboy (1989), Child's Play 2 (1990), My Own Private Idaho (1991), Fried Green Tomatoes (1991), Even Cowgirls Get the Blues (1993), Armageddon (1998), Gone in 60 Seconds (2000), and The Grudge (2004). She is also known for her recurring roles on such shows as Seinfeld (as George's fiancée Susan's mother), Charmed, and Ray Donovan.

The Grudge
The Grudge is a 2004 American supernatural horror film directed by Takashi Shimizu, written by Stephen Susco, and produced by Sam Raimi, Robert Tapert, and Takashige Ichise. A remake of Shimizu's own 2002 Japanese horror film Ju-On: The Grudge, it is the first installment in The Grudge film series. It stars Sarah Michelle Gellar, Jason Behr, KaDee Strickland, Clea DuVall, and Bill Pullman. Takako Fuji, Yuya Ozeki, and Takashi Matsuyama portray the characters Kayako Saeki, Toshio Saeki, and Takeo Saeki from the original films. The plot is told through a nonlinear sequence of events and includes several intersecting subplots.

The Grudge was released in North America by Sony Pictures Releasing through its Columbia Pictures label on October 22, 2004, and grossed $187.3 million worldwide, and received mixed reviews from critics.