hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Haplogroup C-M48
Haplogroup C-M48 also known as C2a1a2 is a Y-chromosome DNA haplogroup.

It is found frequently amongst members of Central Asian and Siberian peoples, such as the Evenks, Evens, Ulchi, Kazakhs, Koryaks, Mongols (especially Oirats, such as Kalmyks, Zakhchin, Uriankhai, and the population of northwest Mongolia in general), and Yukaghirs.

Haplogroup C-M48 also has been found occasionally in some ethnic groups outside its typical range in Siberia and Central Asia, such as Japanese (2/53 C-M86 Kyushu, 1/70 C-M86 Tokushima, 0/61 C-M86 Shizuoka, 0/45 C-M217 Okinawa, 0/26 C-M217 Aomori, 0/4 C-M86 Ainu), Tibetans (4/479 C-M48 Xizang, 0/52 C-M48 Qinghai), Bhutanese (1/21 C-M86/M77), Ossetians (1/21 C-M48 South Ossetians), Adyghe (1/154 C-M48), and Russians (1/406 C-M77), some of whom exhibit divergent Y-STR haplotypes.

Zakhchin
The Zakhchin (Mongolian: Захчин) is a subgroup of the Oirats residing in Khovd Province, Mongolia.
Zakhchin means 'Frontiersmen'. They are so called because they originated from the border garrison (mainly from Torghut, Dorbet Oirat, and Dzungar) of the Dzungar Khanate. They originally spoke the Zakhchin dialect of the Oirat language, but actually pure Oirat language is used by elder generations, younger generations use a dialect being under a strong Khalkha influence.
Gustav Bachmann
Gustav Bachmann (July 13, 1860 in Cammin, Rostock – August 31, 1943 in Kiel) was a German naval officer, and an admiral in World War I. He headed the German Imperial Admiralty Staff briefly from February 1915, before being forced out in September 1915 over the failure of the first round of unrestricted submarine warfare.

Unrestricted submarine warfare
Unrestricted submarine warfare is a type of naval warfare in which submarines sink merchant ships such as freighters and tankers without warning. The use of unrestricted submarine warfare has had significant impacts on international relations in regard to both the First World War and the Second World War. Its history has been dominated by German decision making.

There have been attempts to limit the use of unrestricted naval warfare, with some dating back to before the turn of the 20th century as an extension of rules for surface raiders. While initially submarines operated successfully by attacking on the surface using deck guns, attacking without warning while submerged reduces the opportunity for the target to escape or defend itself if armed.
Randy Escolango
Randy Escolango (born September 26, 1976) is a Filipino public official who currently serves as an Undersecretary of Department of Health. Escolango previously served as Undersecretary at Department of Human Settlements and Urban Development, Undersecretary at Department of Labor and Employment, Deputy Insurance Commissioner at Insurance Commission, and OIC Administrator and chief executive officer at Subic Bay Metropolitan Authority.

Officer in Charge (Philippines)
The position of Officer in Charge (OIC) in the context of Philippine governance refers to an official serving their position in an interim or temporary basis or even as the Caretaker or Custodian of the office. The position of OIC is distinct from an official serving in an "Acting" capacity.
Hatchery (Star Trek: Enterprise)
"Hatchery" is the seventeenth episode of the third season of the American science fiction television series Star Trek: Enterprise, the 69th overall. It was written by André Bormanis and Michael Sussman, and was directed by Michael Grossman; his first episode of Star Trek. The episode aired on UPN on February 25, 2004.

Set in the 22nd century, the series follows the adventures of the first Starfleet starship Enterprise, registration NX-01. Season three of Enterprise features an ongoing story following an attack on Earth by previously unknown aliens called the Xindi. In this episode, Captain Jonathan Archer (Scott Bakula) discovers an Insectoid egg hatchery on a downed Xindi ship and becomes obsessed with protecting the eggs. In response to his increasingly erratic behavior, Commander Charles "Trip" Tucker III (Connor Trinneer) leads a mutiny to relieve Archer of his command.

Michael Grossman
Michael N. Grossman is an American film and television director.

He has directed a number of episodes from dozens of different television series, including Grey's Anatomy and the backdoor pilot ("The Other Side of This Life") of its spin-off, Private Practice. His other directorial work includes the series Charmed, Zoey 101, Angel, The Invisible Man, Arli$$, Firefly, Star Trek: Enterprise, Earth 2, Buffy the Vampire Slayer, Gilmore Girls, Drop Dead Diva,  Manhattan, AZ, One Tree Hill, Las Vegas, Eureka, Dirty Sexy Money, Nashville and Pretty Little Liars.

Prior to working in television, Grossman was an assistant director on the films Hide and Go Shriek (1988) and Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990).

Grossman directed the television films Two Heads Are Better Than None (2000), Merry Christmas, Drake & Josh (2008), Starstruck (2010), and One Crazy Cruise (2015).
Signos (TV series)
Signos is an Argentine 2015 TV series, co-produced by Pol-ka Producciones and Turner Broadcasting System, aired by eltrece and by the American network TNT. The show first aired on 2 September 2015. The main actors are Julio Chávez, Claudia Fontán and Alberto Ajaka. Originally, Signos aired at 11pm, but starting from the third episode, it airs at 10:30pm. The series concluded on 16 December 2015, with an 11.1 audience rating average.

Claudia Fontán
Claudia Gabriela Fontán (born October 4, 1966 in Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina) is an Argentine actress, host to radio and television. She has worked in several Argentine telenovelas, such as Sos mi vida, Son amores, Amor en Custodia, Los exitosos Pells and Los únicos. She also worked in Solamente Vos.
Papilio Buddha (film)
Papilio Buddha (Trans: Malabar Banded Peacock, Malayalam, 2013) is an Indian film written and directed by Jayan K. Cherian.  The film focuses on the atrocities committed against Dalits, women, and the environment. It features S. P. Sreekumar, David Briggs, and Saritha Sunil while Padmapriya, Prakash Bare, and Thampy Antony play supporting roles. Kerala-based environmentalist Kallen Pokkudan appears in another important role in the film, which also casts 150 Adivasis. The film was completely shot in Wayanad, Kerala and the cinematography was done by M J Radhakrishnan. The story deals with discrimination against landless Dalits and the politics of suppression of their struggle against the upper castes and other powerful elements locally.

Padmapriya Janakiraman
Padmapriya Janakiraman, better known mononymously as Padmapriya, is an Indian actress who mainly appears in Malayalam films. Padmapriya made her acting debut in the Telugu film Seenu Vasanthi Lakshmi in 2004.
Des Barchard
Desmond Alfred Barchard (1924–1987) was a New Zealand former rugby league footballer, and coach who represented and coached New Zealand. Barchard was the coach of the Kiwis in the 1968 and 1972 World Cups. His uncle, Len Barchard also played for New Zealand, while his other uncle, Laurie Barchard played senior rugby league for City for several years.

1968 Rugby League World Cup
The 1968 Rugby League World Cup was the fourth World Cup for men’s national teams and was held between 25 May and 10 June and for the first time co-hosted by Australia and New Zealand. Australia were the Champions after they defeated France in the final.
Descartes, Indre-et-Loire
Descartes (French pronunciation: [dekaʁt] ⓘ) is a large village and commune in the Indre-et-Loire department in central France. It is approximately 29 kilometers east of Richelieu and about 48 kilometers east of Loudun, on the banks of the Creuse River, near the border of the French department of Vienne, and the border of the region between Centre-Val de Loire and Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It is famous for the birthplace of the French mathematician and philosopher who invented the Cartesian coordinate system, René Descartes.

Vienne (department)
Vienne (French pronunciation: [vjɛn] ⓘ vyen; Poitevin-Saintongeais: Viéne) is a landlocked department in the French region of Nouvelle-Aquitaine. It takes its name from the river Vienne. It had a population of 438,435 in 2019.
Gerard I, Count of Guelders
Gerard I, Count of Guelders (c. 1060 – 8 March 1129) was Count of Guelders from 1096 until his death in 1129 (Gelre in Dutch). He was the son of Theodoric of Wassenberg.

He may have been married to Clementia of Aquitaine, although that proposed marriage seems to be based on a falsified document. It is also possible that he married a daughter of William I, Count of Burgundy whose name is not known.
Gerard had three children:

Jutta of Wassenberg, married Waleran II of Limburg

Yolande of Wassenberg (Yolande of Guelders), married 1) Baldwin III, Count of Hainaut and 2) Godfrey II de Ribemont Châtelain de Valenciennes

Gerard II, Count of Guelders, married Ermengarde of Zutphen, daughter of Otto II, Count of Zutphen.

Ermengarde of Zutphen
Ermengarde of Zutphen (died 1138) was countess of Zutphen (1122–1138), succeeding her elder brother Henry II, Count of Zutphen (her other two brothers had taken holy orders and died respectively).  Their parents were Otto II, Count of Zutphen and Judith of Arnstein.

She first married around 1116 to Gerard II (d. 1131), count of Guelders and of Wassenberg, and had :

Henry I (d. 1182), count of Guelders and of Zutphen

Adélaïde, married Ekbert, count of Tecklenburg, and had Henry I, Count of Tecklenburg

Salomé (d. 1167), married Henry I, count of Wildeshausen

Widowed, she remarried to Conrad II (d. 1136), count of Luxembourg, but the marriage remained childless.
A Tourist Guide to Lancre
A Tourist Guide To Lancre is the third book in the Discworld Mapp series, published in January 1998, and the first to be illustrated by Paul Kidby. As with the other maps, the basic design and booklet were compiled by Terry Pratchett and Stephen Briggs.

Paul Kidby
Paul Kidby (born 1964) is an English artist, best known for his art based on Terry Pratchett's Discworld series of fantasy novels. Kidby has created the sleeve covers since Pratchett's original illustrator, Josh Kirby, died in 2001.
Cao Shumin
Cao Shumin (Chinese: 曹淑敏; pinyin: Cáo Shūmǐn; born July 1966) is a Chinese politician, who is currently serving as the director of the National Radio and Television Administration. She also served as the deputy head of the Cyberspace Administration of China, from 2021 to 2023. Cao was previously the mayor of Yingtan city.

Yingtan
Yingtan (simplified Chinese: 鹰潭; traditional Chinese: 鷹潭; pinyin: Yīngtán; lit. 'Eagle Pond') is a prefecture-level city in the east of Jiangxi province, People's Republic of China, bordering Fujian to the southeast. Its location near the trisection of Jiangxi, Fujian, and Zhejiang has made it a strategically important city for centuries. Today, it continues to be a major rail transport hub. It is best known as the Capital of Copper, and located here is Jiangxi Copper and its the Guixi Smelter.

Near the city of Yingtan is the resort area of Mount Longhu, which purports to be the birthplace of Taoism and hence, has great symbolic value to Taoists.  The region has many interesting temples, cave complexes, mountains, and villages.
Convent of Caloura
The Convent of Caloura (Portuguese: Convento da Caloura) is a Portuguese 16th-century convent located in the civil parish of Água de Pau, in the municipality of Lagoa, on the island of São Miguel in the archipelago of the Azores.

Concelho
Concelho (Portuguese: [kõˈseʎu]) is the Portuguese-language term for municipality, referring to the territorial subdivision in local government. In comparison, the word município ([muniˈsipiu]) refers to the organs of State. This differentiation is still in use in Portugal and some of its former overseas provinces, but is no longer in use in Brazil following the abolition of these organs, in favour of the French prefecture system. It is similar to borough and council.
Rosenborggade 10
Rosenborggade 10 is a Neoclassical property situated at the obtuse corner of Rosenborggade and Sankt Gertruds Stræde, close to Nørreport station,  in the Old Town of Copenhagen, Denmark. It was constructed in 1801 by Lauritz Laurberg Thrane, one of the most prolific master builders in Copenhagen during the 1790s and 1800s. It was listed in the Danish registry of protected buildings and places in 1979. Former residents include the composer Johan Christian Gebauer and the portrait painter Geskel Saloman.

Geskel Saloman
Geskel Saloman (1 April 1821 in Tønder – July 5, 1902 in Båstad) was a Danish–Swedish portrait and genre painter. Soloman was one of the Bedřich Smetana's closest friends and painter of one of the three existing portraits of the founder of the Czech national music, then only 34 years old.
Luis Rodríguez (Bolivian footballer)
Luis Francisco Rodríguez Zegada (born August 22, 1994 in Bolivia) is a Bolivian footballer who plays as a left back for Wilstermann.

In his career Rodriguez Zegada has played for three clubs in the Liga de Fútbol Profesional Boliviano. These clubs include Wilstermann, Aurora and his current club Bolívar.

C.D. Jorge Wilstermann
Club Cultural y Deportivo Jorge Wilstermann, known simply as Wilstermann, is a Bolivian football club from the city of Cochabamba, founded on 24 November 1949 by a group of workers of Lloyd Aereo Boliviano. It is named after Bolivian aviator Jorge Wilstermann. Wilstermann is one of the three most frequent winners of the Primera Division de Bolivia and the first Bolivian team to qualify to the Copa Libertadores semi-finals.
Kalan Mosque
Kalan Mosque (Persian: Big mosque) is an architectural monument located in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. It was considered one of the largest mosques built on the place of Jame' Mosque. Its current appearance was built in 1514 during the reign of Shaybani Ubaidullah Khan of Bukhara.

Currently, the mosque is included in the national list of estate real objects of material and cultural heritage of Uzbekistan.

Po-i-Kalyan
Po-i-Kalan, or Poi Kalan (Uzbek: Poi Kalon; Tajik: Пои калон; Persian: پای کلان, romanized: Pā-i Kalān, lit. 'At the Foot of the Great One'), is an Islamic religious complex located in Bukhara, Uzbekistan. The complex consists of three parts, the Kalan Mosque (Masjid-i Kalan), the Kalan Minaret (Minâra-i Kalân) to which the name refers, and the Mir-i-Arab Madrasah.

The positioning of the three structures creates a square courtyard in its center, with the Mir-i-Arab and the Kalan Mosque standing on opposite ends. In addition, the square is enclosed by a bazaar and a set of baths connected to the Minaret on the northern and southern ends respectively.

The congregational mosque in the complex is one of the largest mosques in Central Asia, behind the Bibi Khanum Mosque in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, and the Great Mosque of Herat, Afghanistan.
Denzel Valentine
Denzel Robert Valentine (born November 16, 1993) is an American professional basketball player for Reyer Venezia Mestre of the Italian Lega Basket Serie A (LBA). He played college basketball for the Michigan State Spartans. As a senior, Valentine became the first player in Michigan State history to be recognized as the National Player of the Year by the Associated Press.

He also earned other player of the year awards from the NABC, USA Today, Sports Illustrated, NBC Sports, and Basketball Times in addition to being named a unanimous First-Team All-American. Valentine was selected with the 14th pick in the 2016 NBA draft by the Chicago Bulls.

Reyer Venezia
S.S.P. Reyer Venezia Mestre, commonly known as Reyer Venezia or simply Reyer, is an Italian professional basketball club that is based in Venice, Veneto. The club currently plays in the Lega Basket Serie A (LBA), the highest tier of basketball in Italy, as well as the EuroCup. Reyer operates both men's and women's professional teams, both playing in their respective first divisions as of the 2017–18 season. The men's team has been crowned the Italian champions four times, as they won the LBA in 1942, 1943, 2017 and 2019.
Lorna Fejo
Lorna "Nanna Nungala" Fejo (14 June 1930 – 25 February 2022) was a Warumungu woman who worked in Indigenous health in the Northern Territory of Australia, including the development of a program called "Strong women, Strong Babies and Strong Culture". As a member of the Stolen Generations, having been removed from her family as a young child, she was named by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, in his historic Apology to the Stolen Generations on 13 February 2008.

Apology to Australia's Indigenous peoples
On 13 February 2008, the Parliament of Australia issued a formal apology to Indigenous Australians for forced removals of Australian Indigenous children (often referred to as the Stolen Generations) from their families by Australian federal and state government agencies. The apology was delivered by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, and is also referred to as the National Apology, or simply The Apology.
New World (Dave Kerzner album)
New World is the debut solo album by American musician, songwriter, producer and sound designer Dave Kerzner. This is Kerzner's first album since his departure from the band Sound of Contact, and was developed in 2014. The album features numerous collaborations with established artists such as Fernando Perdomo, Steve Hackett, Nick D'Virgilio, Durga McBroom and Keith Emerson. Two versions of the album were developed: a standard edition and a two-disc double album deluxe edition. The former was released in December 2014, and the latter was released in January 2015.

The album was produced and mixed by Kerzner. Most of the album was recorded remotely with reference tracks developed by Kerzner using music software technology from his sound production company Sonic Reality. The tracks were then re-recorded by other artists at remote locations and sent back to Kerzner's studio in Miami for mixing. Veteran mixing engineer Tom Lord-Alge mixed the album's first single release, "Stranded."

Fernando Perdomo
Fernando Jose Perdomo (born August 17, 1980) is an American musician and producer. He is a session bassist and guitarist. He is best known as one of the guitarists in the movie Echo in the Canyon, where he backed up Jakob Dylan, Fiona Apple, Beck, Norah Jones, Regina Spektor, Brian Wilson, and Cat Power.

He is a member of the Dave Kerzner Band, Marshall Crenshaw's touring band, Broken Sound, the Appice Perdomo Project, The Dirty Diamond, The Parlophonics, Life on Mars, and other side projects.
Lake Placid Serenade
Lake Placid Serenade is a 1944 American musical romance film directed by Steve Sekely and starring Vera Ralston, Eugene Pallette and Barbara Jo Allen. Following the German invasion of Czechoslovakia a Czech ice-skating champion goes to stay with her Uncle in the United States.

It was made by Republic Pictures as a slightly higher-budget production than most of the studios' B Movies. The film's sets were designed by the art director Russell Kimball.

Eugene Pallette
Eugene William Pallette (July 8, 1889 – September 3, 1954) was an American actor who worked in both the silent and sound eras, performing in more than 240 productions between 1913 and 1946. After an early career as a slender leading man, Pallette became a stout character actor. He had a deep voice, which some critics have likened to the sound of a croaking frog, and is probably best-remembered for comic character roles such as Alexander Bullock (Carole Lombard's character's father) in My Man Godfrey (1936), Friar Tuck in The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938), and his similar role as Fray Felipe in The Mark of Zorro (1940). He also co-starred in Mr. Smith Goes to Washington (1939) and Heaven Can Wait (1943).
Aashram
Aashram (English: Hermitage) or Ek Badnaam Aashram (English: An infamous hermitage)  is an Indian Hindi-language crime drama web series directed by Prakash Jha for MX Player original. It is produced by Prakash Jha under Prakash Jha Productions. The series stars Bobby Deol along with Aaditi Pohankar, Darshan Kumar, Chandan Roy Sanyal, Tushar Pandey, Anupriya Goenka, Adhyayan Suman, Vikram Kochhar, Esha Gupta, Tridha Choudhury, Rajeev Siddhartha, Sachin Shroff, Anurita Jha, Parinitaa Seth, Jahangir Khan, Kanupriya Gupta, Preeti Sood, Navdeep Tomar and Ayaan Aditya,  in key roles. It is written by Madhvi Bhatt, Avinash Kumar, Sanjay Masoomm, Tejpal Singh Rawat and Kuldeep Ruhil. Its first season was made available for streaming on the OTT platform MX Player for free from 28 August 2020.

The second season of the series was released on MX Player on 11 November 2020, with the third season following in June 2022, respectively. The series has been renewed for a fourth season in 2023.

Rajeev Siddhartha
Rajeev Siddhartha (born 11 April 1986) is an Indian actor / director His work spans productions across film, television, theatre and digital web series. Siddhartha began his career in 2007 with the film Dil Dosti Etc and received critical acclaim as Romil in ALTBalaji's web series show Romil & Jugal in 2017.
2010 London Sevens
The London Sevens (also known as England Sevens) was a rugby union sevens tournament, the seventh of eight Cup tournaments in the 2009–10 IRB Sevens World Series. The 2010 competition was held at Twickenham Stadium between 22 May and 23 May.  Australia won the tournament with a 19–14 victory over South Africa in the final.  South Africa had beaten Samoa in the semifinals, ending a three-tournament winning streak for the Samoans. New Zealand captured the Plate, Canada won the Bowl, and Kenya won the Shield.

Australia national rugby sevens team
The Australia national rugby sevens team represent Australia in men's rugby sevens. The team participates in the annual World Rugby Sevens Series competition and the quadrennial Rugby World Cup Sevens. Australia, being a member of the Commonwealth, also compete in the quadrennial rugby sevens event at the Commonwealth Games, as well as the Summer Olympics. Australia's best performance at the Commonwealth Games was silver at Delhi 2010, while at the Summer Olympics it is fourth at Paris 2024.
Martin Weise
Martin Weise (12 May 1903 – 15 November 1943) was a German journalist, member of the Communist Party of Germany (KPD) and a resistance fighter against the Nazis during World War II. From 1929 to 1934, Weiss published the socialist Die Rote Fahne newspaper. He was arrested and sent to a concentration camp until 1939. When he was released, he decided to resist and made contact with  Wilhelm Guddorf and the Hamburg based group around Bernhard Bästlein and Robert Abshagen He became associated with an anti-fascist resistance group that was run by Harro Schulze-Boysen and Arvid Harnack, that was later called the Red Orchestra by the Abwehr.

Die Rote Fahne
Die Rote Fahne (German: [diː ˈʁoːtə ˈfaːnə], The Red Flag) was a German newspaper originally founded in 1876 by Socialist Worker's Party leader Wilhelm Hasselmann, and which has been since published on and off, at times underground, by German Socialists and Communists. Karl Liebknecht and Rosa Luxemburg famously published it in 1918 as organ of the Spartacus League.

Following the deaths of Liebknecht and Luxemburg during the chancellorship of the Social Democratic Party of Germany's Friedrich Ebert, the newspaper was published by the Communist Party of Germany with some interruptions.  Banned by the Nazi Party's government of Adolf Hitler after 1933, publication continued illegally, underground.