hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Toniann Pitassi
Toniann Pitassi  is a Canadian-American mathematician and computer scientist specializing in computational complexity theory. She is currently Jeffrey L. and Brenda Bleustein Professor of Engineering at Columbia University and was Bell Research Chair at the University of Toronto.

Richard M. Karp
Richard Manning Karp (born January 3, 1935) is an American computer scientist and computational theorist at the University of California, Berkeley. He is most notable for his research in the theory of algorithms, for which he received the 1985 ACM Turing Award, The Benjamin Franklin Medal in Computer and Cognitive Science in 2004, and the Kyoto Prize in 2008.

Karp was elected a member of the National Academy of Engineering (1992) for major contributions to the theory and application of NP-completeness, constructing efficient combinatorial algorithms, and applying probabilistic methods in computer science.
Santa Ana del Táchira
Santa Ana del Tachira is a town in Táchira, Venezuela, capital of Córdoba Municipality. It is located 810 meters above sea level on the banks of the Quinimarí River in the Andes. Founded in 1860 by Timoteo Chacon it is located south of San Cristóbal between the mountains and valleys of the foothills of the Tamá Massif. The town's past is preserved in some of its long streets, old houses, and colorful roofs with terracotta tiles.

San Cristóbal, Táchira
San Cristóbal (Spanish pronunciation: [saŋ kɾisˈtoβal]) is the capital city of the Venezuelan state of Táchira. It is located in a mountainous region of Western Venezuela. The city is situated 818 metres (2,684 ft) above sea level in the northern Andes overlooking the Torbes River, 56 kilometres (35 mi) from the Colombian border. San Cristóbal was founded on 31 March 1561, by Juan de Maldonado. From its inception, the city evolved rapidly as one of the most progressive and important centers of commerce in the country and the region, due primarily to its rich soil and its proximity to the border with Colombia.

The city was severely damaged by the Earthquake of Cúcuta (also known as Earthquake of the Andes) in 1875.
Apurba Kishore Bir
Apurba Kishore Bir (born 1948), also known as A. K. Bir, is an Indian film cinematographer, screenwriter and director. An alumnus of the Film and Television Institute of India, Pune, he worked in various Ad-films and documentaries before making his feature-film debut. He won the National Film Award for Best Cinematography for 27 Down, his debut film. His directional debut Aadi Mimansa won the Nargis Dutt Award for Best Feature Film on National Integration. Bir's other directional ventures Lavanya Preeti and Baaja were bestowed with the National Film Award for Best Children's Film. As of 2014, he has won nine National Film Awards—including three for Best Cinematography—and is one of the directors of National Film Development Corporation of India.

Film and Television Institute of India
The Film and Television Institute of India (FTII) is a film institute under the Ministry of Information and Broadcasting of the Government of India and aided by the Central Government of India. It is situated on the premises of the erstwhile Prabhat Film Company in Pune. It was established in 1960 and its alumni includes technicians, actors and directors in the film and television industry.

FTII is a member of the International Liaison Centre of Schools of Cinema and Television (CILECT), an organisation of the world's leading schools of film and television.

The centre will set up a new institute in Arunachal Pradesh as part of an initiative to tap the potential of the North-Eastern region, informed by Jitendra Singh Rana, former Union Minister of State for Development of North Eastern Region.

FTI also sponsors a film award show named Global Indie Film Awards/Festival or GIFA.
Tracy Abrams
Tracy Maurice Abrams Jr. (born February 6, 1992) is an American basketball player who last played for KK Sloboda Užice of the Basketball League of Serbia. Abrams is from Chicago, Illinois, and played college basketball for the Illinois Fighting Illini.

Basketball League of Serbia
The Basketball League of Serbia (Serbian: Кошаркашка лига Србије, romanized: Košarkaška liga Srbije), commonly abbreviated as KLS, is a top-tier men's professional basketball league in Serbia. Founded in 2006. It is currently not run by the Basketball Federation of Serbia (KSS).
Pogonatherum
Pogonatherum is a genus of Asian and oceanic island plants in the grass family.

Species

Pogonatherum biaristatum S.L.Chen & G.Y.Sheng - Hainan

Pogonatherum crinitum (Thunb.) Kunth - Indian subcontinent, China, Japan, southeast Asia, Papuasia, Marianas, Madagascar

Pogonatherum paniceum (Lam.) Hack. - Saudi Arabia, Indian subcontinent, China, southeast Asia, Papuasia

Pogonatherum rufobarbatum Griff. - Assam

Formerly included

see Arthraxon Eulalia Homozeugos Microstegium Polytrias Pseudopogonatherum

Arthraxon
Arthraxon, commonly known as carpetgrass, is a genus of Asian, African and Australian plants in the grass family, Poaceae, containing the following species:

Several species now in the genera Dimeria and Microstegium were formerly included in Arthraxon:

Arthraxon batangensis – Microstegium batangense

Arthraxon hohenackeri – Dimeria hohenackeri

Arthraxon lanceolatus and Arthraxon nodosus – Microstegium vimineum
The Wrekin
The Wrekin (/ˈriːkɪn/ REE-kin) is a hill in east Shropshire, England. It is located some five miles (8 km) west of Telford, on the border between the unitary authorities of Shropshire and Telford and Wrekin. Rising above the Shropshire Plain to a height of 407 metres (1,335 ft) above sea level, it is a prominent and well-known landmark, signalling the entrance to Shropshire for travellers westbound on the M54 motorway. The Wrekin is contained within the northern salient of the Shropshire Hills AONB. The hill is popular with walkers and tourists and offers good views of Shropshire. It can be seen well into Staffordshire and the Black Country, and even as far as the Beetham Tower in Manchester, Winter Hill in Lancashire and Cleeve Hill in Gloucestershire.

Black Country
The Black Country is a loosely defined area of England's West Midlands. It is mainly urban, covering most of the Dudley and Sandwell metropolitan boroughs, with the Metropolitan Borough of Walsall and the City of Wolverhampton. The 14-mile (23 km) road between Wolverhampton and Birmingham was described as "one continuous town" in 1785.

The area was one of the Industrial Revolution's birthplaces. Its name was first recorded in the 1840s, and derives either from the 30 foot (9.1 m) thick coal seam close to the surface or the production of coal, coke, iron, glass, bricks and steel which produced high levels of soot and air pollution.
Spiritual Instinct
Spiritual Instinct is the sixth studio album by French post-black metal band Alcest. The album was released on 25 October 2019 through Nuclear Blast and garnered positive reviews from critics. Spiritual Instinct features Alcest live bassist Indria Saray performing on bass in the studio for the second time in the history of the band after Kodama.

Nuclear Blast Records
Nuclear Blast Records is a German record label with subsidiaries in Germany, the United States and Brazil. It was founded in 1987 by Markus Staiger in Donzdorf. Originally releasing hardcore punk records, the label moved on to releasing albums by thrash metal, melodic death metal, grindcore, industrial metal, power metal and black metal bands, as well as tribute albums. It also distributes and promotes post-hardcore/metalcore labels SharpTone Records. Another post-hardcore/metalcore label, Arising Empire, was in Nuclear Blast's portfolio until its acquisition by Kontor New Media in 2020.

In October 2018, French independent label Believe Digital acquired a majority stake in Nuclear Blast.
Suraksha (EP)
Suraksha (Hindi: सुरक्षा. Sanskrit: "protection" or "security") is the second extended play (EP) by the American rock band Pinkshift, released on October 13, 2023, through Hopeless Records. Recorded in February 2023 with producer Will Yip at Studio 4 in Conshohocken, Pennsylvania, the EP's songs alternate between aggressive and serene moments whilst drawing upon vocalist Ashrita Kumar's South Asian heritage, and primarily deal with grief. Suraksha was promoted by two singles, "To Me" and "Home", and was performed in its entirety by Pinkshift during their headlining Eat Your Friends tour with Jhariah and Pollyanna. It received a positive review from Dork, who praised its progression and style.

Conshohocken, Pennsylvania
Conshohocken (/ˌkɒnʃəˈhɒkən/ KON-shə-HOK-ən; Lenape: Kanshihàkink) is a borough on the Schuylkill River in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania in suburban Philadelphia. Historically a large mill town and industrial and manufacturing center, after the decline of industry in recent years Conshohocken has developed into a center of riverfront commercial and residential development. In the regional slang, it is sometimes referred to by the colloquial nickname Conshy (/ˈkɒnʃi/ KON-shee).

As of the 2020 census, Conshohocken had a population of 9,261.

The sister community of West Conshohocken is located on the opposite side of the Schuylkill River.
Rhône's 3rd constituency
The 3rd constituency of the Rhône (French: Troisième circonscription du Rhône) is a French legislative constituency in the Rhône département. Like the other 576 French constituencies, it elects one MP using a two round electoral system.

Rhône (department)
Rhône (French: [ʁon] ⓘ; Arpitan: Rôno) is a French department located in the east-central administrative region of Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes. Named after the river Rhône, its prefecture is Lyon. Its sole subprefecture is Villefranche-sur-Saône. Including the Lyon Metropolis, it had a population of 1,875,747 in 2019.
Olli Määttä
Olli Määttä (born 22 August 1994) is a Finnish professional ice hockey player who is a defenceman for the Utah Mammoth of the National Hockey League (NHL). He was drafted in the first round, 22nd overall, by the Pittsburgh Penguins in the 2012 NHL entry draft. Määttä has also played for the Chicago Blackhawks, Los Angeles Kings and Detroit Red Wings.

Määttä was the first overall selection in the 2011 Canadian Hockey League Import Draft, and played for the Finnish junior team at the 2011 IIHF World U18 Championships and the 2011, 2012 and 2013 World Junior Ice Hockey Championships. Known for his shot-blocking ability and hockey IQ, Määttä was named to Finland's roster for the 2014 Winter Olympics as a 19-year-old.

2011 IIHF World U18 Championships
The 2011 IIHF World U18 Championships was held in Crimmitschau and Dresden, Germany, from 14 to 24 April 2011.

The United States won the title for the third straight time, after beating Sweden 4–3 in the final in overtime.
Layer four traceroute
Layer Four Traceroute (LFT) is a fast, multi-protocol traceroute engine, that also implements numerous other features including AS number lookups through regional Internet registries and other reliable sources, Loose Source Routing, firewall and load balancer detection, etc. LFT is best known for its use by network security practitioners to trace a route to a destination host through many configurations of packet-filters / firewalls, and to detect network connectivity, performance or latency problems.

Firewall (computing)
In computing, a firewall is a network security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on configurable security rules. A firewall typically establishes a barrier between a trusted network and an untrusted network, such as the Internet or between several VLANs. Firewalls can be categorized as network-based or host-based.
Maungarei
Maungarei / Mount Wellington is a 135-metre volcanic peak and Tūpuna Maunga (ancestral mountain) located in the Auckland volcanic field of Auckland, New Zealand. It is the youngest onshore volcano of the Auckland volcanic field, having been formed by an eruption around 10,000 years ago. It is the largest of Auckland's scoria cones and has a near-circular base with a flattish rim and three small craters. It is situated in the Mount Wellington suburb of Central Auckland.

Auckland volcanic field
The Auckland volcanic field is an area of monogenetic volcanoes covered by much of the metropolitan area of Auckland, New Zealand's largest city, located in the North Island. The approximately 53 volcanoes in the field have produced a diverse array of maars (explosion craters), tuff rings, scoria cones, and lava flows. With the exception of Rangitoto, no volcano has erupted more than once, but the other eruptions lasted for various periods ranging from a few weeks to several years. Rangitoto erupted several times and recently twice; in an eruption that occurred about 600 years ago, followed by a second eruption approximately 50 years later. The field is fuelled entirely by basaltic magma, unlike the explosive subduction-driven volcanism in the central North Island, such as at Mount Ruapehu and Lake Taupō.
Gabriel P 6
The Gabriel P 6 was a Polish training aircraft and the P 7 a tourer. The difference between them was the wing configuration, chosen to optimise their speed range for their role, so the P 6 was a biplane and the P 7 a parasol wing aircraft.

Gabriel P 5
The Gabriel P 5 was the first nationally developed aircraft to fly in Poland after it became independent in 1918. It was an amateur-built, low-powered, single seat parasol wing machine. Only one was completed.
Pussy Palace
"Pussy Palace" is a song by English musician Lily Allen. Released as part of her fifth album West End Girl, the track describes an incident where she discovered sex toys, personal lubricant, and hundreds of Trojan condoms at an ex-husband's West Village apartment. It peaked at number eight on the UK singles chart, becoming Allen's first top ten song on that chart since 2014, and received positive critical reception.

West Village
The West Village is a neighborhood in the western section of the larger Greenwich Village neighborhood of Lower Manhattan, New York City. The West Village is bounded by the Hudson River to the west and 14th Street to the north. The eastern boundary is variously cited as Greenwich Avenue, Seventh Avenue, or Sixth Avenue, while the southern boundary is either Houston Street or Christopher Street.

The West Village is part of Manhattan Community District 2, and is patrolled by the 6th Precinct of the New York City Police Department. Residential property sale prices in West Village are among the most expensive in the United States, typically exceeding US$2,100 per square foot ($23,000/m2) in 2017.
Piano Trio No. 1 (Saint-Saëns)
The Piano Trio No. 1 in F major, Op. 18 is a piano trio by French composer Camille Saint-Saëns. Written in 1864 during a trip to the Pyrenees and Auvergne, the trio is dedicated to Alfred Lamarche, a family friend who cared for Saint-Saëns's mother during his absences. The work, scored for piano, violin, and violoncello, was premiered in 1865 at Salle Pleyel in Paris and published in 1867. The trio consists of four movements: Allegro vivace, Andante, Scherzo (Presto), and Allegro.

Salle Pleyel
The Salle Pleyel (French pronunciation: [sal plɛjɛl], meaning "Pleyel Hall") is a concert hall in the 8th arrondissement of Paris, France, designed by the acoustician Gustave Lyon together with the architect Jacques Marcel Auburtin, who died in 1926, and the work was completed in 1927 by his collaborators André Granet and Jean-Baptiste Mathon. Its varied programme includes contemporary and popular music. Until 2015, the hall was a major venue for classical orchestral music, with  Orchestre de Paris and the Orchestre Philharmonique de Radio France as resident ensembles.
She Never Died
She Never Died is a 2019 Canadian horror comedy film directed by Audrey Cummings and written by Jason Krawczyk. The movie is seen by critics as a follow-up sister-sequel to Krawczyk's 2015 movie He Never Died, which starred Henry Rollins, although the creator and director of the first film Krawcyzk has stated it is a remake. It is set within the same universe. Krawczyk had initially intended the 2015 film to be expanded into a miniseries and follow-up film, but repurposed the script into She Never Died after the endeavor was cancelled.

This iteration stars Oluniké Adeliyi in a role similar to Rollins' character Jack, playing a mysterious recluse with a hunger for human flesh and a talent for violence. Noah Dalton Danby and Michelle Nolden play the film's main antagonists, while Peter MacNeill and Kiana Madeira star as a grizzled detective and innocent bystander.

The film premiered at the Cinéfest Sudbury International Film Festival on 19 September 2019.

Noah Danby
Noah Dalton Danby is a Canadian actor known for his work in television, film, and video game motion capture. On television, he is known for his recurring roles as Cha'ra in Stargate SG-1 (2004–2007), Sukar in Defiance (2013–2014), Zachary Cain in Bitten (2014–2016), Russell in Shadowhunters: The Mortal Instruments (2017–2019) and Confessor in Titans (2022–2023).

In film, Danby has held supporting roles in productions such as Rocky Marciano (1999) alongside Jon Favreau, The Skulls (2000) with Paul Walker, The Tuxedo (2002) with Jackie Chan, Riddick (2013) with Vin Diesel, State Like Sleep (2018) opposite Michael Shannon and My Spy (2020) with Dave Bautista.

Danby has contributed his voice and physical performance to video games including Ubisoft's Far Cry Primal and For Honor.

He is best known for portraying Connor King in the series Painkiller Jane (2007).
Kaboklei
Kaboklei (English: Cape jasmine flower) is a 2009 Manipuri film directed by Pilu Heigrujam and produced by Bandana Maisnam. It stars Manda Leima as the titular protagonist with Hamom Sadananda and Huirem Seema in the lead roles. The screenplay by Narendra Ningomba is based on Khaidem Pramodini's play Kabok Oikhrabi Kaboklei. The film was released at Hapta Kangjeibung, Imphal on 9 January 2009.

Kaboklei was part of the official selection at the 7th Manipur State Film Festival 2010 organised by Manipur Film Development Corporation (MFDC).

Hamom Sadananda
Hamom Sadananda is an Indian actor and singer who appears in Manipuri films. He is a resident of Sega Road, Thouda Bhabok Leikai, Imphal, Manipur. He has acted in more than 100 Manipuri films. Besides acting and singing in films, he also performs Manipuri Sankirtana on various Manipur occasions. Ingengi Atiya, Chumthang Makhong, Sakthibee Tampha, Natephamda Tero, Manithoiba are some of his famous movies.
Domain (ring theory)
In algebra, a domain is a nonzero ring in which ab = 0 implies a = 0 or b = 0. (Sometimes such a ring is said to "have the zero-product property".) Equivalently, a domain is a ring in which 0 is the only left zero divisor (or equivalently, the only right zero divisor).   A commutative domain is called an integral domain.  Mathematical literature contains multiple variants of the definition of "domain".

Commutative ring
In mathematics, a commutative ring is a ring in which the multiplication operation is commutative. The study of commutative rings is called commutative algebra. Complementarily, noncommutative algebra is the study of ring properties that are not specific to commutative rings. This distinction results from the high number of fundamental properties of commutative rings that do not extend to noncommutative rings.

Commutative rings appear in the following chain of class inclusions:

rngs ⊃ rings ⊃ commutative rings ⊃  integral domains ⊃ integrally closed domains ⊃ GCD domains ⊃ unique factorization domains ⊃ principal ideal domains ⊃ Euclidean domains ⊃ fields ⊃ algebraically closed fields
Himapatha
Himapatha (transl. Snowfall) is a 1995 Indian Kannada-language romantic drama film directed by Rajendra Singh Babu and produced by Rockline Venkatesh. The film stars Vishnuvardhan, Suhasini and Jaya Prada. The film was widely popular for the songs composed by Hamsalekha upon release. The film was extensively shot in Shimla and Bijapur. It is based on the Kannada novel of the same name, by T. K. Rama Rao.

Hamsalekha
Gangaraju (born June 23, 1951), professionally known as Hamsalekha, is an Indian film composer and songwriter who works in South Indian cinema, predominantly in the Kannada film industry since the late 1980s. He is also a screenplay writer, dialogue writer, instrumentalist and conductor, having composed and written over 500 albums.

Hamsalekha has won one National Film Award, six Filmfare Awards in the Best Music Director Category, seven Karnataka State Film Awards - four for music direction and three for lyrics - and is a recipient of an honorary doctorate from Bangalore University. His collaboration with V. Ravichandran resulted in producing blockbuster soundtracks in mainstream Kannada cinema.
Bicycle Casino (video game)
Bicycle Casino is a gambling game for the Xbox created by American developer Leaping Lizard Software and published by Activision Value on October 26, 2004. Described by the developer as a simulation of an "authentic casino environment", the game is a compilation of casino games licensed by Bicycle Playing Cards, with an advertised 500 variations on games including texas hold'em and blackjack. The game was marketed as the first casino title released for the Xbox to have featured multiplayer capabilities using Xbox Live. The game was released to generally mixed reviews, with publications praising the inclusion of online play, but critiquing the game's presentation and performance of AI players.

Casino game
A casino game is one in which players gamble cash or chips on various possible random outcomes or combinations of outcomes, often in a casino environment. Such games are also available in online casinos, where permitted by law. Casino games can also be played outside of casinos for entertainment purposes, like in parties or in school competitions, on machines that simulate gambling.
Edna B. Kearney
Edna Beatrice Kearney (September 27, 1919 – March 15, 2002) was an American biochemist who worked at UCSF Medical Center and the San Francisco VA Medical Center. A 1951 Guggenheim Fellow alongside her husband Thomas Singer, she researched enzyme chemistry and intermediary metabolisms.

UCSF Medical Center
The UCSF Medical Center is a teaching hospital in San Francisco, California, and is a medical center of the University of California, San Francisco. It is affiliated with the UCSF School of Medicine and the UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center. UCSF Medical Center is a part of UCSF Health, the healthcare delivery group and care-delivery arm of University of California, San Francisco.

It was founded in 1907 at the site of Parnassus Heights, on Mount Sutro, following the 1906 earthquake, and it was the first hospital in the University of California system. The university acquired Mount Zion Hospital in 1990, which became the second major clinical site and since 1999 has hosted the first comprehensive cancer center in Northern California. Beginning in 2001, the university expanded in the Mission Bay neighborhood and added a new medical center with three new hospitals.
Nash Icon Records
Nash Icon Records is an American country music record label established in 2014 by Big Machine Label Group and Cumulus Media. Nash Icon Records is located on Music Row in Nashville, Tennessee. The label launched with country music icon Reba McEntire.

Big Machine Records
Big Machine Records is an American record label, distributed by Universal Music Group. Big Machine is based on Music Row in Nashville, Tennessee. The label was founded in September 2005 by former DreamWorks Records executive Scott Borchetta and became a joint venture between Borchetta and country singer Toby Keith. The American singer-songwriter Taylor Swift was the first artist signed by the label. The purchase of Big Machine Records by Scooter Braun in 2019 resulted in a highly publicized dispute with Swift regarding the ownership of the masters to the albums.