hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Palace of Earthly Honour
The Palace of Earthly Honour (Chinese: 翊坤宫; pinyin: Yìkūngōng), also known as Yikun Palace, is one of the Six Western Palaces in the inner court of the Forbidden City. It is situated north of the Palace of Eternal Longevity, south of the Palace of Gathering Elegance, east of the Palace of Eternal Spring, northeast of the Hall of the Supreme Principle and southeast of the Palace of Universal Happiness.

Palace of Eternal Longevity
The Palace of Eternal Longevity (simplified Chinese: 永寿宫; traditional Chinese: 永壽宮; pinyin: Yŏngshòugōng), also known as Yongshou Palace, is one of the Six Western Palaces in the inner court of the Forbidden City. It is the closest residence to the Hall of Mental Cultivation, the living quarters of the Qing emperors since 1722.
Joanna, wife of Chuza
Joanna (Koine Greek: Ἰωάννα, romanized: Iōanna, also Greek: Ἰωάνα), the wife of Chuza (γυνὴ Χουζᾶ), is a woman mentioned in the gospels who was healed by Jesus and later supported him and his disciples in their travels. She is one of the women recorded in the Gospel of Luke as accompanying Jesus and the twelve apostles and as a witness to Jesus' resurrection. Her husband was Chuza, who managed the household of Herod Antipas, the ruler of Galilee; this is the origin of the distinguishing epithet commonly attached to her name, differentiating her from other figures named Joanna or Joanne.

Her name is from Hebrew: יוֹחָנָה, romanized: Yôḥānāh (transl. 'YHWH has been gracious').: 143–145

She is recognised as a saint in the Catholic and Eastern Orthodox traditions and among other Christians, such as the Anglicans.

Mary of Clopas
According to the Gospel of John, Mary of Clopas (Ancient Greek: Μαρία ἡ τοῦ Κλωπᾶ, María hē toû Clōpâ) was one of the women present at the crucifixion of Jesus and bringing supplies for his funeral. The expression Mary of Clopas in the Greek text is ambiguous as to whether Mary was the daughter or wife of Clopas, but exegesis has commonly favoured the reading "wife of Clopas". Hegesippus identified Clopas as a brother of Joseph. In the latest official edition of the  Roman Martyrology of the Catholic Church she is commemorated with Salome on April 24.

Along with Mary Magdalene and "Mary" Salome, Mary of Clopas is known as one of the Three Marys at the tomb of Jesus. Her relics are said to be in France at the Church of the Saintes Maries de la Mer.
Babia, Spain
Babia is a comarca in the León province, Spain. The region is divided into Babia de Arriba and Babia de Abajo,  corresponding to town councils of Cabrillanes and San Emiliano. In 2004, a part of its region became a Biosphere reserve.

In Spain, "Being in Babia" means you are daydreaming or very happy.

San Emiliano
San Emiliano (Santu Michanu in Leonese) is a municipality located in the province of León, Castile and León, Spain. At the 2011 census (INE), the municipality has a population of 706 inhabitants. The municipality is a known for tourism as for their small county state in Spain.
Frontier Law
Frontier Law is a 1943 American Western film written and directed by Elmer Clifton. The film stars Russell Hayden, Fuzzy Knight, Dennis Moore, Jennifer Holt, Jack Ingram, Wally Wales, George Eldredge, I. Stanford Jolley and Frank LaRue. The film was released on November 5, 1943, by Universal Pictures.

I. Stanford Jolley
Isaac Stanford Jolley (October 24, 1900 – December 7, 1978) was an American film and television actor. He starred in the 1946 film serial The Crimson Ghost, in which he played the role of Doctor Blackton and also voiced the title character.
Shu-turul
Shu-turul (Shu-durul, 𒋗𒄙𒄒, shu-tur2-ul3 also Šu-Turul; died c. 2154 BC) was the last king of Akkad, ruling for 15 years according to the Sumerian king list. It indicates that he succeeded his father Dudu. A few artifacts, seal impressions etc. attest that he held sway over a greatly reduced Akkadian territory that included Kish, Tutub, Nippur, and Eshnunna. The Diyala River also bore the name "Shu-durul" at the time.

Kish (Sumer)
Kish (Sumerian: Kiš; transliteration: Kiški; cuneiform: 𒆧𒆠; Akkadian: Kiššatu, near modern Tell al-Uhaymir) is an important archaeological site in Babil Governorate (Iraq), located 80 km (50 mi) south of Baghdad and 12 km (7.5 mi) east of the ancient city of Babylon. The Ubaid period site of Ras al-Amiyah is 8 km (5.0 mi) away. It was occupied from the Ubaid period to the Hellenistic period. In Early Dynastic times the city's patron deity was Ishtar with her consort Ea. Her temple, at Tell Ingharra, was (E)-hursag-kalama. By Old Babylonian times the patron deities had become Zababa, along with his consort, the goddess Bau and Istar. His temple Emeteursag (later Ekišiba) was at Uhaimir.
Thérèse (opera)
Thérèse is an opera in two acts by Jules Massenet to a French libretto by Jules Claretie. While Thérèse remains among  Massenet's lesser-known works,  the piece has spawned a number of  revivals and recordings.

First performed in Monte Carlo in 1907, it has a running time of approximately 70 minutes. Notable recordings of the work include a 1970s Richard Bonynge version for Decca, featuring Huguette Tourangeau in the title role, as well as a 2013 version by Alain Altinoglu.

Richard Bonynge
Richard Alan Bonynge (/ˈbɒnɪŋ/ BON-ing; born 29 September 1930) is an Australian conductor and pianist. He is the widower of Australian dramatic coloratura soprano Dame Joan Sutherland.  Bonynge conducted virtually all of Sutherland's operatic performances from 1962 until her retirement in 1990.
George Washington Jr. (film)
George Washington Jr. is a lost 1924 American silent comedy film directed by Malcolm St. Clair and written by Rex Taylor. It is based on the 1906 play George Washington Jr. by George M. Cohan. The film stars Wesley Barry, Gertrude Olmstead, Léon Bary, Heinie Conklin, Otis Harlan, and William Courtright. The film was released by Warner Bros. on February 2, 1924.

Wesley Barry
Wesley Barry (August 10, 1907 – April 11, 1994) was an American actor, director, and producer. Barry began his career as a child actor in silent motion pictures and later became a producer and director of both film and television. As a director, he was sometimes billed as Wesley E. Barry.
Toby Martin
William Toby Martin (born 5 August 1975), is an Australian singer-songwriter, musician, academic, and lecturer at University of Huddersfield UK. Martin is the grandson of Hungarian-born Australian poet David Martin and has a PhD in the history of Australian music from the University of Sydney. After fronting Sydney-based band Youth Group from 1996 to 2009, Martin developed his solo career, releasing his first album, Love's Shadow in 2012.

Martin's PhD thesis, published in 2012, is titled "Yodelling boundary riders : country music in Australia, 1936–2010".

In 2017, Martin released his second solo album, entitled Songs from Northam Avenue. The album was written in Bankstown, and features musical accompaniment by several locals to the area.

University of Huddersfield
The University of Huddersfield is a public research university located in Huddersfield, West Yorkshire, England. It has been a University since 1992, but has its origins in a series of institutions dating back to the 19th century. It has made teaching quality a particular focus of its activities, winning the inaugural Higher Education Academy Global Teaching Excellence Award in 2017, and achieving a Teaching Excellence Framework (TEF) Gold Award, in 2017  and 2023. The university has also put an increasing focus on research quality, and as of 2022 more than three quarters of its academic staff hold a doctorate, the third highest rate in England.

Its chancellor George W. Buckley, a graduate of the university and a former CEO of 3M, was appointed in 2020.
Spanish–Portuguese diocese
The Spanish-Portuguese diocese (SPD) (Russian: Испанско-Португальская епархия) or Diocese of Madrid and Lisbon (Russian: Мадридская и Лиссабонская епархия, Spanish: Diócesis de Madrid y Lisboa) is a diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) created on 28 December 2018. The diocese is part of the Patriarchal Exarchate in Western Europe.

The primate of the SPD is Nestor (Sirotenko) who holds the title of "Archbishop of Madrid and Lisbon".

Patriarchal Exarchate in South-East Asia
The Patriarchal Exarchate in South-East Asia (PESEA, Russian: Патриарший экзархат в Юго-Восточной Азии) is an exarchate created by the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) on 28 December 2018.

The primate of the PESEA is Metropolitan Sergius (Chashin) who holds the title of "Metropolitan of Singapore and South-East Asia".
Pancreatic progenitor cell
Pancreatic progenitor cells are multipotent stem cells originating from the developing fore-gut endoderm which have the ability to differentiate into the lineage specific progenitors responsible for the developing pancreas.

They give rise to both the endocrine and exocrine cells. Exocrine cells constitute the acinar cells and the ductal cells. The endocrine cells constitute the beta cells which make insulin, alpha cells which secrete glucagon, delta cells which secrete somatostatin and the PP-cells which secrete pancreatic polypeptide.

Pancreatic progenitor cells have been shown to arise from cells originating from the developing foregut during mammalian development. It has been seen in the developing embryo at stages E9.0 to E9.5 that there are a cluster of cells which give rise to the pancreas. These clusters have been characterized to show multipotent properties.

Endoderm
Endoderm is the innermost of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the ectoderm (outside layer) and mesoderm (middle layer). Cells migrating inward along the archenteron form the inner layer of the gastrula, which develops into the endoderm.

The endoderm consists at first of flattened cells, which subsequently become columnar. It forms the epithelial lining of multiple systems.

In plant biology, endoderm corresponds to the innermost part of the cortex (bark) in young shoots and young roots often consisting of a single cell layer. As the plant becomes older, more endoderm will lignify.
Fondaco del Megio
The Fondaco del Megio (Venetian, also Fontego; Italian: Fondaco del miglio, lit. 'fondaco of millet') is a palace in the sestiere (quarter]) of Santa Croce in Venice, northern Italy. Located near the Palazzo Belloni Battagia and the Fondaco dei Turchi, it faces the Canal Grande and is opposed to the church of San Marcuola of Cannaregio.

It was built in the 13th century as a grain depot, but later was used to store millet, maintaining this function until the fall of the Republic of Venice in 1797. It currently houses an elementary school.

The palace is built in brickwork. There are three portals at the ground floor and thirteen small windows. Decorations include  a row of merlons at the top, and a basrelief with the Lion of St. Mark (a modern reconstruction of the original, which was placed on every public building of the Republic).

Lion of St. Mark

Lion of Saint Mark
The Lion of Saint Mark, representing Mark the Evangelist, pictured in the form of a winged lion, is an aspect of the Tetramorph.  On the pinnacle of St Mark's Cathedral he is depicted as holding a Bible, and surmounting a golden lion which is the symbol of the city of Venice and formerly of the Venetian Republic.

It is also found in the symbol of the Greek Orthodox Patriarchate of Alexandria. It appears in both merchant and military naval flags of the Italian Republic. The Lion of Saint Mark is also the symbol of the award of the Venice Film Festival, the "Golden Lion", and of the insurance company Assicurazioni Generali.
2010 WTA Tour Championships
The 2010 WTA Tour Championships was held in Doha, Qatar from October 26 to October 31. It was the third and final time that the Khalifa International Tennis Complex hosted the WTA Tour Year-End Singles and Doubles Championships. In 2011 the competition will move to Istanbul, Turkey.

Serena Williams was the defending singles champion. She qualified again but withdrew due to a continuing foot injury.
Nuria Llagostera Vives and María José Martínez Sánchez were the defending doubles champions, but they didn't qualify this year.
Elena Dementieva announced her retirement from tennis in the tournament after 13 years of playing and two Grand Slam finals, as well as an Olympic gold medal.

2010 French Open
The 2010 French Open was a tennis tournament played on outdoor clay courts. It was the 109th edition of the French Open, and the second Grand Slam event of the year. It took place at the Stade Roland Garros in Paris, France, from 23 May through 6 June 2010.

Roger Federer and Svetlana Kuznetsova were the defending champions. Federer lost to Robin Söderling in the quarterfinals, while Kuznetsova lost to Maria Kirilenko in the third round.

The 2010 French Open also featured the return of four-time champion Justine Henin, who retired immediately before the 2008 French Open, where she was the 3-time defending champion.
Daniel Mears (politician)
Daniel Mears Jr. (July 28, 1819 – September 22, 1906) was an American lumberman, Democratic politician, and Wisconsin pioneer.  He was a member of the Wisconsin Senate, representing the vast northwest quadrant of the state during the 1858 and 1859 sessions.

12th Wisconsin Legislature
The Twelfth Wisconsin Legislature convened from January 12, 1859, to March 21, 1859, in regular session.

Senators representing odd-numbered districts were newly elected for this session and were serving the first year of a two-year term.  Assembly members were elected to a one-year term.  Assembly members and even-numbered senators were elected in the general election of November 2, 1858.  Senators representing even-numbered districts were serving the second year of their two-year term, having been elected in the general election held on November 3, 1857.

The governor of Wisconsin during this entire term was Republican Alexander Randall, of Waukesha County, serving the second year of a two-year term, having won election in the 1857 Wisconsin gubernatorial election.
Bromma Parish
Bromma Parish (Swedish: Bromma församling) is a parish in Birka church district (kontrakt) in the Diocese of Stockholm, Sweden. The parish is located in Stockholm Municipality in Stockholm County. The parish forms its own pastorship. The parish is located in Västerort and includes the districts Södra Ängby, Norra Ängby, Bromma kyrka, Blackeberg, Mariehäll, Åkeslund and Riksby.

Blackeberg
Blackeberg is a suburb of Stockholm built in the 1950s, and is part of the Bromma borough. Blackeberg was originally a croft first mentioned in 1599. The croft was demolished in 1861 by Knut Ljunglöf, who built a house, a stable, a mill and a saw instead. The saw and mill are now both cultural relics and are still standing in Kvarnviken for tourists to see. The city of Stockholm bought Blackeberg in the late 1940s. Three-story apartment blocks and a centre with a cinema and a library were built in the 1950s. Many people moved from the central parts of Stockholm to Blackeberg and neighbouring suburbs. Blackeberg has a metro station. It was designed by Peter Celsing and opened in 1952.
Japanese corvette Seiki
Seiki (清輝, Pure Brightness) was a screw sloop in the early Imperial Japanese Navy, and was the first vessel built by the Yokosuka Naval Arsenal after its acquisition by the Meiji government. It was one of the first domestically produced warships in Japan.

Government of Meiji Japan
The Government of Meiji Japan (明治政府, Meiji seifu) was the government that was formed by politicians of the Satsuma Domain and Chōshū Domain in the 1860s. The Meiji government was the early government of the Empire of Japan.

Politicians of the Meiji government were known as the Meiji oligarchy, who overthrew the Tokugawa shogunate.
Thomas Montgomery (American politician)
Thomas Montgomery (1779 – April 2, 1828) was a U.S. Representative from Kentucky.

Born in what is now Nelson County, Virginia, Montgomery received a thorough English training.
He studied law.
He was admitted to the bar and commenced practice in Stanford, Kentucky.
He served as judge of the circuit court of Lincoln County.
He served as member of the State house of representatives in 1811.

Montgomery was elected as a Democratic-Republican to the Thirteenth Congress (March 4, 1813 – March 3, 1815).
He was an unsuccessful candidate for reelection to the Fourteenth Congress.

Montgomery was again elected to the Sixteenth Congress to fill the vacancy caused by the resignation of Tunstall Quarles.
He was reelected to the Seventeenth Congress and served from August 1, 1820, to March 3, 1823.
He served as chairman of the Committee on Public Expenditures (Seventeenth Congress).
He died in Stanford, Kentucky, April 2, 1828.

Stanford, Kentucky
Stanford is a home rule-class city in Lincoln County, Kentucky, United States. It is one of the oldest settlements in Kentucky, having been founded in 1775. Its population was 3,487 at the 2010 census and an estimated 3,702 in 2024. It is the county seat of Lincoln County. Stanford is part of the Danville Micropolitan Statistical Area.
Cocklebiddy, Western Australia
Cocklebiddy is a small roadhouse community located on the Eyre Highway in Western Australia. It is the third stop after Norseman on the journey eastwards across the Nullarbor Plain. Like other locations in the region, the site consists of little more than a roadhouse.

It is the nearest locality to the coastal feature of Twilight Cove, which is 26 km (16 mi) to the south. Cocklebiddy follows the time zone used by Eucla of UTC+8:45. It is situated 284 km (176 mi) from Border Village.

Eucla, Western Australia
Eucla (/juːklə/ YOO-klə) is the easternmost locality in Western Australia, located in the Goldfields-Esperance region of Western Australia along the Eyre Highway, approximately 11 kilometres (7 mi) west of the South Australian border. At the 2016 Australian census, Eucla had a population of 53.

It is the only Western Australian location on the Eyre Highway that has a direct view of the Great Australian Bight due to its elevated position immediately next to the Eucla Pass – where the highway moves out and above the basin known as Roe Plains that occurs between the Madura and Eucla passes.
Total inorganic carbon
Total inorganic carbon (CT or TIC) is the sum of the inorganic carbon species.

Carbon compounds can be distinguished as either organic or inorganic, and dissolved or particulate, depending on their composition. Organic carbon forms the backbone of key components of organic compounds such as proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids. Inorganic carbon is found primarily in simple compounds such as carbon dioxide (CO2), carbonic acid (H2CO3), bicarbonate (HCO−3), and carbonate (CO2−3).

Chemical equilibrium
In a chemical reaction, chemical equilibrium is the state in which both the reactants and products are present in concentrations which have no further tendency to change with time, so that there is no observable change in the properties of the system. This state results when the forward reaction proceeds at the same rate as the reverse reaction. The reaction rates of the forward and backward reactions are generally not zero, but they are equal. Thus, there are no net changes in the concentrations of the reactants and products. Such a state is known as dynamic equilibrium.
It is the subject of study of equilibrium chemistry.
Ohio State Route 41
State Route 41 (SR 41) is a north–south state highway in the southern and western portions of the U.S. state of Ohio.  Its southern terminus is at U.S. Route 52, US 62 Business, and US 68 Business in Aberdeen. (US 62 Bus. and US 68 Bus. continue south through Maysville, Kentucky crossing the Ohio River at the Simon Kenton Memorial Bridge from this point); and its northern terminus is along SR 48 at US 36 in Covington.  Throughout its southern portion the route is quite hilly as it passes predominantly northward through scenic areas with state parks and monuments.  Along its northern portion the route heads in a more westerly direction across mainly flat terrain as a major road through the cities of Washington Court House, Springfield, and Troy.

Troy, Ohio
Troy is a city in and the county seat of Miami County, Ohio, United States. The population was 26,305 at the 2020 census, making it Miami County's largest city and Ohio's 55th-largest. Troy lies along the Great Miami River about 19 miles (31 km) north of Dayton and is part of the Dayton metropolitan area.
Muyezersky District
Muyezersky District (Russian: Муезе́рский райо́н; Karelian: Mujejärven piiri) is an administrative district (raion), one of the fifteen in the Republic of Karelia, Russia. It is located in the west of the republic. The area of the district is 17,600 square kilometers (6,800 sq mi). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Muyezersky. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 12,236, with the population of the administrative center accounting for 27.2% of that number.

Republic of Karelia
The Republic of Karelia, or simply Karelia or Karjala (Russian: Каре́лия, Ка́рьяла; Karelian: Karjala) is a republic of Russia situated in the northwest of the country. The republic is a part of the Northwestern Federal District, and covers an area of 172,400 square kilometres (66,600 square miles), with a population of 533,121 residents. Its capital is Petrozavodsk.

The modern Karelian Republic was founded as an autonomous republic within the Russian SFSR, by the Resolution of the Presidium of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee (VTsIK) on 27 June 1923 and by the Decree of the VTsIK and the Council of People's Commissars of 25 July 1923, from the Karelian Labour Commune. From 1940 to 1956, it was known as the Karelo-Finnish Soviet Socialist Republic, one of the republics of the Soviet Union. In 1956, it was once again made an autonomous republic and remained part of Russia following the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991.
Kate Douglass
Katherine Cadwallader Douglass (born November 17, 2001) is an American competitive swimmer. Douglass is a five-time Olympic medalist, including two golds, and has won 34 medals with 16 golds at the World Championships (combined short and long course). Since 2024, she has been the world record holder for the short-course 200m breaststroke (SC) as well as being part of the 200 IM record team.

Douglass competed for the University of Virginia during her NCAA career, which lasted from 2019 to 2023. She helped Virginia win three NCAA Division I Championships in 2021, 2022, and 2023. As an individual, she has won 15 gold and 6 silver medals at the NCAA championships. Douglass won the Honda Sports Award as the best college female swimmer in 2022 and 2023.

Maggie Mac Neil
Hannah Margaret McNair Mac Neil OLY (born 26 February 2000) is a Canadian former competitive swimmer. A 100 metre butterfly event specialist, she is the 2020 Olympic champion, 2019 World (LC) champion, two-time World (SC) champion (2021, 2022), 2022 Commonwealth champion, and 2023 Pan American champion. She held the short course world record, and still holds the Commonwealth record, and Pan American record in the event.

One of Canada's most accomplished swimmers, she is a three-time Olympic medallist, eight-time World (LC) medallist, eleven-time World (SC) medallist, and five-time Commonwealth medallist. She also held the world record in the short course 50 metre backstroke. She announced her retirement on September 26, 2024.