hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frederick Fraley
Frederick Fraley (May 28, 1804 – September 23, 1901) was an American businessman, politician, and civic leader from Pennsylvania.  He was involved in several successful businesses and served on the Philadelphia City Council and as a member of the Pennsylvania State Senate.  He was one of the founders of the Franklin Institute and one of the first directors of Girard College in Philadelphia.

Pennsylvania State Senate
The Pennsylvania State Senate is the upper house of the bicameral Pennsylvania General Assembly, the Pennsylvania state legislature. Senators are elected for four-year terms, staggered every two years, such that half of the seats are contested at each election. Even- and odd-numbered district seats are contested in separate election years. The State Senate meets in the State Capitol building in Harrisburg, and has been meeting since 1791.

The president of the Senate is the lieutenant governor, who has no vote except to break a tie. The president pro tempore becomes the lieutenant governor in the event of the sitting lieutenant governor's removal, resignation or death. In this case the president pro tempore and lieutenant governor would be the same person.
Night Warriors: Darkstalkers' Revenge
Night Warriors: Darkstalkers' Revenge, known in Japan as Vampire Hunter: Darkstalkers' Revenge, is a 1995 fighting game developed and published by Capcom for arcades. It is the second game in the Darkstalkers series, following Darkstalkers: The Night Warriors (1994). Darkstalkers' Revenge was ported to the Sega Saturn home console in 1996 and was later followed by a sequel, Vampire Savior / Darkstalkers 3 (1997).

In later years, Darkstalkers' Revenge was released as part of the compilations Vampire: Darkstalkers Collection in 2005, Darkstalkers Resurrection in 2013, and Capcom Fighting Collection in 2022.

Capcom
Capcom Co., Ltd. (Japanese: 株式会社カプコン, Hepburn: Kabushiki-gaisha Kapukon) is a Japanese video game company. It has created a number of critically acclaimed and multi-million-selling game franchises, with its most commercially successful being Resident Evil, Monster Hunter, Street Fighter, Mega Man, Devil May Cry,  Dead Rising, Ace Attorney, Dragon's Dogma, and Marvel vs. Capcom. Established in 1979, it has become an international enterprise with subsidiaries in East Asia (Hong Kong), Europe (London, England), and North America (San Francisco, California).
Vassiliki Arvaniti
Vassiliki "Viky" Arvaniti (Greek: Βασιλική (Βίκυ) Αρβανίτη), also transliterated Vasiliki; born March 17, 1985, in Athens, Greece) is a beach volleyball player from Greece, who won the gold medal at the 2005 European Championships in Moscow, Russia and the 2007 European Championship in Valencia, Spain, partnering Vasso Karadassiou. She represented her native country at the 2004 Summer Olympics in her home town, with Thaleia Koutroumanidou. At the 2008 Summer Olympics, she competed with Karadassiou. She took part in the 2012 London Olympics with Maria Tsiartsiani, who was later injured. Since 2013, her teammate has been Peny Karagkouni, who used to play indoor volleyball.

Efthalia Koutroumanidou
Efthalia "Thaleia" Koutroumanidou (Greek: Ευθάληαα "Θάλεια" Κουτρουμανίδου; born 7 October 1982 in Volos) is a Greek Olympic beach volleyballer at the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2004 Athens Olympics. She is partnered with Maria Tsiartsiani.
Khuda Mera Bhi Hai
Khuda Mera Bhi Hai (Urdu: خدا میرا بھی ہے transl. God is mine too) is a Pakistani drama serial that aired on ARY Digital from 22 October 2016 to 10 April 2017. The serial is written by Asma Nabeel, directed by Shahid Shafaat and produced by Sana Shahnawaz. The title soundtrack has been composed and sung by Waqar Ali. It stars Ayesha Khan, Syed Jibran, Furqan Qureshi, Saba Hamid, Alyy Khan, Mehmood Aslam, Hira Tareen and others.

Ayesha Khan (Pakistani actress)
Ayesha Khan (Urdu: عائشہ خان; 3 January 1941 – June 2025) was a veteran Pakistani actress. She was known for her drama roles in PTV's Afshan, Aroosa, and Family 93. In later years, she worked in a number of dramas and films which include Mehndi, Safar Ba-khair, Naqab Zan, Bharosa Pyar Tera, and Bisaat e Dil.
Isesaki Domain
Isesaki Domain (伊勢崎藩, Isesaki-han) was a feudal domain under the Tokugawa shogunate of Edo period Japan, located in Kōzuke Province (modern-day Gunma Prefecture), Japan. It was centered on Isesaki jin'ya in what is now part of the city of Isesaki, Gunma. Isesaki was ruled through most of its history by a junior branch of the Sakai clan.

Sakai clan
The Sakai clan (Japanese: 酒井氏／坂井氏, Hepburn: Sakai-shi; Japanese pronunciation: [saꜜ.kai(.ɕi)]) was a Japanese samurai clan that claimed descent from the Nitta branch of the Minamoto clan, who were in turn descendants of Emperor Seiwa. Serata (Nitta) Arichika, a samurai of the 14th century, was the common ancestor of both the Sakai clan and the Matsudaira clan, which the Sakai later served. In the Sengoku period, under Tokugawa Ieyasu (who was the head of what was formerly the main Matsudaira family line), the Sakai became chief retainers. In the Edo period, because of their longstanding service to the Tokugawa clan, the Sakai were classified as a fudai family, in contrast with the tozama ("outsider clans").
2018 South Sumatra gubernatorial election
The 2018 South Sumatra gubernatorial election took place on 27 June 2018 as part of the simultaneous local elections. It was held to elect the governor of South Sumatra along with their deputy, whilst members of the provincial council (Dewan Perwakilan Rakyat Daerah) was re-elected in 2019.

Incumbent governor Alex Noerdin was barred from participating due to constitutional term limits. Four pairs of candidates contested the election, including incumbent vice governor Ishak Mekki. Other candidates are regents of regencies within the province: Herman Deru from East Ogan Komering Ulu, Aswari Rivai from Lahat and Dodi Reza Alex Noerdin from Musi Banyuasin.

Herman Deru would proceed to win the election, winning around 36 percent of the votes, ahead of Noerdin who placed second with 31 percent.

Alex Noerdin
Alex Noerdin (9 September 1950 – 25 February 2026) was an Indonesian politician who was Governor of South Sumatra between 2008 and 2018.

Noerdin was born in Palembang, South Sumatra on 9 September 1950. He served as regent in Banyuasin for 2 consecutive terms (2001–2006 and 2007–2012). On 14 June 2008, in the second term, he resigned to be a candidate to be governor of South Sumatra in the local elections for the 2008 to 2013 period.

He became governor on 7 November 2008. His second term ended slightly earlier than scheduled on 21 September 2018, and he was replaced by Herman Deru.
Eucalyptus doratoxylon
Eucalyptus doratoxylon, commonly known as the spearwood mallee, spearwood or geitch-gmunt in Noongar language is a species of mallee that is endemic to Western Australia. It has smooth, powdery white bark, lance-shaped to curved adult leaves mostly arranged in opposite pairs, flower buds in groups of seven, white to pale yellow flowers and pendulous, more or less spherical fruit.

Mallee (habit)
Mallee are trees or shrubs, mainly certain species of eucalypts, which grow with multiple stems springing from an underground lignotuber or xylopodium, usually to a height of no more than 10 m (33 ft). The term is widely used for trees with this  growth habit across southern Australia, in the states of Western Australia, South Australia, New South Wales and Victoria, and has given rise to other uses of the term, including the ecosystems where such trees predominate, specific geographic areas within some of the states and as part of various species' names.
Janet Yang
Janet Yang (born July 13, 1956) is an American film producer who served as president of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences from 2022 to 2025. Yang has been credited on films and television including The Joy Luck Club, The People vs. Larry Flynt, Dark Matter, Indictment: The McMartin Trial, Zero Effect, Shanghai Calling, High Crimes, and the Academy Award-nominated animated feature Over the Moon.

Indictment: The McMartin Trial
Indictment: The McMartin Trial is a 1995 American film made for television that originally aired on HBO on May 20, 1995. Indictment is based on the true story of the McMartin preschool trial.

Oliver Stone and Abby Mann were executive producers of the film, which was directed by Mick Jackson.

The cast includes James Woods and Mercedes Ruehl, as opposing defense and prosecuting attorneys in the McMartin trial. Henry Thomas, Sada Thompson and Shirley Knight co-star as the defendants in the case, with Lolita Davidovitch as a child-abuse therapist whose findings were crucial to the prosecution's case and Roberta Bassin as the mother who initiated the case.
Frederick III, Elector Palatine
Frederick III of Simmern, the Pious, Elector Palatine of the Rhine (14 February 1515 – 16 October 1576) was a ruler from the house of Wittelsbach, specifically the cadet branch of Palatinate-Simmern-Sponheim. He was a son of John II of Simmern and inherited the Palatinate from the childless Elector Otto-Henry, Elector Palatine (Ottheinrich) in 1559. He was a devout convert to Calvinism, and made the Reformed confession the official religion of his domain by overseeing the composition and promulgation of the Heidelberg Catechism. His support of Calvinism gave the German Reformed movement a foothold within the Holy Roman Empire.

Otto Henry, Elector Palatine
Otto-Henry, Elector Palatine, (German: Ottheinrich; 10 April 1502, Amberg – 12 February 1559, Heidelberg) a member of the Wittelsbach dynasty was Count Palatine of Palatinate-Neuburg from 1505 to 1557 and prince elector of the  Palatinate from 1556 to 1559. He was a son of Rupert, Count Palatine, third son of Philip, Elector Palatine; and of Elizabeth of Bavaria-Landshut, daughter of George of Bavaria.
N. S. Madhavan
N. S. Madhavan (born 9 September 1948) is an Indian writer of Malayalam literature. Known for his novel, Lanthan Batheriyile Luthiniyakal (Litanies of the Dutch Battery) and a host of short stories such as Higuita, Thiruthu, Chulaimedile Shavangal and Vanmarangal Veezhumpol, Madhavan also writes football columns and travel articles. He is a distinguished fellow of Kerala Sahitya Akademi and a recipient of several major awards including Odakkuzhal Award, Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Story, Kerala Sahitya Akademi Award for Novel, Muttathu Varkey Award, Mathrubhumi Literary Award, Crossword Book Award and Kerala State Students Federation Sahithyolsav Award.

Kerala Sahitya Akademi
The Kerala Sahitya Akademi or Academy for Malayalam Literature is an autonomous body established to promote the Malayalam language and literature. It is situated in the city of Thrissur, Kerala in India.
Rui Ferreira
Rui Vítor da Silva Ferreira (born 29 March 1973) is a Portuguese football manager and former player who is the current head coach of Cypriot First Division club Ethnikos Achnas.

A midfielder, he played 188 Primeira Liga games for Salgueiros, Vitória de Guimarães and Belenenses over seven consecutive seasons starting in 1999. He represented several clubs in the second tier, winning the title with Gil Vicente in 1998–99.

Ferreira began his managerial career with Boavista in 2010. He led Feirense, Torreense and Académico Viseu in the second division, and AVS briefly in the top flight.

Ethnikos Achna FC
Ethnikos Achna Football Club (Greek: Αθλητικός Σύλλογος Εθνικός Άχνας), commonly known as Ethnikos Achna or simply Ethnikos, is a professional football club based in the village of Dasaki Achnas in Akrotiri and Dhekelia, on the island of Cyprus. Founded in 1968, the club currently plays in the Cypriot First Division. Ethnikos' home ground is the Dasaki Stadium, which has a capacity of 7000 seats.
Aaron Peirsol
Aaron Wells Peirsol (born July 23, 1983) is an American former competition swimmer and backstroke specialist who swam for the University of Texas and is a former world champion and world record-holder.  He is a three-time Olympian and seven-time Olympic medalist with five gold, and two silver medals. Individually, he has held the world record in the 200-meter backstroke event (long course).  In his long career, Peirsol captured a total of thirty-six medals in major international competition: twenty-nine gold, six silver, and one bronze spanning the Olympics, the World, Pan American, and the Pan Pacific Championships.

Brendan Hansen
Brendan Joseph Hansen (born August 15, 1981) is an American former competition swimmer who specialized in breaststroke events.  Hansen is a six-time Olympic medalist, and is also a former world record-holder in both the 100-meter and 200-meter breaststroke events (long course).

He won twenty-five medals in major international competitions, eighteen gold, four silver, and three bronze spanning the Olympics, the World, and the Pan Pacific Championships.  He was a member of the 2012 United States Olympic team and won the bronze medal in the 100-meter breaststroke and a gold medal in the 4×100-meter medley relay at the 2012 Summer Olympics.
PTC Creo
Creo is a family of computer-aided design (CAD) apps supporting product design for discrete manufacturers developed by PTC.

Creo runs on Microsoft Windows and provides software for 3D CAD parametric feature solid modeling, 3D direct modeling, 2D orthographic views, Finite Element Analysis and simulation, schematic design, technical illustrations, and viewing and visualization. Creo can also be paired with the Mastercam machining based software.

SolidWorks
SolidWorks (stylized as SOLIDWORKS) is a brand of software used for solid modeling computer-aided design (CAD) and computer-aided engineering (CAE). It was one of the first 3D CAD applications designed to run on a desktop PC.

The brand is owned by French software company Dassault Systèmes.
Acumenus
Acumenus (Ancient Greek: Ἀκουμενός) was a physician of Athens who lived in the 5th century BC. He was mentioned as the friend and companion of Socrates. He was the father of Eryximachus, who was also a physician, and who is introduced as one of the speakers in Plato's Symposium. He is also mentioned in the collection of letters first published by Leo Allatius in 1637 (Epist. Socralis et Socraticorum), and again by Orellius in 1815.

Both Acumenus and Eryximachus were implicated in accusations of sacrilege in 415. After being named by the slave Lydus as having profaned the Eleusinian Mysteries, Acumenus fled Athens.

Eryximachus
Eryximachus, son of Acumenus (/ɪˈrɪksɪˌmækəs/; Greek: Ἐρυξίμαχος Ἀκουμένου Eruxímachos Akouménou; c. 448 – late 5th century or early 4th century BCE) was an ancient Athenian physician who is best remembered for his prominent role in Plato's Symposium.  It is likely that he was indicted in the mutilation of the herms, a domestic Athenian conflict during the Peloponnesian War.
Orokenda
Orokenda was a town in ancient Pamphylia, inhabited during Roman times. Its name does not occur in ancient authors, but is inferred by epigraphic and other evidence.

Its site is located east of Sennea, in Asiatic Turkey.

Sennea
Sennea was a town in ancient Pamphylia, inhabited during Roman times. Its name does not occur in ancient authors, but is inferred by epigraphic and other evidence.

Its site is tentatively located near Gölçük Ören, in Asiatic Turkey.
Sebastian Beach
Sebastian Beach is a fictional character in the Blandings stories by P. G. Wodehouse. He is the butler at Blandings Castle, seat of Lord Emsworth and his family, where he serves for over eighteen years.

Lord Emsworth
Clarence Threepwood, 9th Earl of Emsworth, commonly known as Lord Emsworth, is a recurring fictional character in the Blandings Castle series of stories by British comic writer P. G. Wodehouse. He is the amiable and somewhat absent-minded head of the large Threepwood family. Longing for nothing more than to talk to his prize pig, Empress of Blandings, or potter peacefully in the idyllic gardens of Blandings Castle, he must frequently face the unpleasant reality of his domineering sisters and familial duties.

Lord Emsworth's first appearance is in the novel Something Fresh (1915). The last completed work by Wodehouse in which Emsworth appears is A Pelican at Blandings (1969). He is also in Wodehouse's unfinished novel Sunset at Blandings.
Valentina Maksimova
Valentina Mikhailovna Maksimova (Russian: Валентина Михайловна Максимова; born 21 May 1937) is a retired Russian track cyclist. She won silver medals in the sprint at four consecutive world championships in 1958–1961, behind Galina Ermolaeva. Between 1953 and 1955 she set seven Soviet records in 200–500 m events.

Maksimova graduated from the Institute of Pedagogy in Tula and then from the Russian State University of Physical Education, Sport, Youth and Tourism, where she also defended a PhD on training sprint cyclists. From 1985 to 1993 she headed the women's section of the Soviet Cycling Federation, and since 1988 was an executive member of the Russian Cycling Federation.

Galina Yermolayeva (cyclist)
Galina Vasilievna Yermolayeva (Russian: Галина Васильевна Ермолаева; born 4 February 1937) is a retired Soviet sprint cyclist who dominated the UCI Track Cycling World Championships of 1958–1973, winning 6 gold, 5 silver and 3 bronze medals. Between 1956 and 1973 she also won at least 10 national titles.

She was born in Novokhopyorsk, but after World War II her family moved to Moscow, where her father worked as a taxi driver. As a teenager she competed at the national level in cross-country skiing but then after a frostbite accident changed to cycling. Later for her cycling achievements she was given a car, a personal gift of Leonid Brezhnev.

She graduated in construction engineer and later married Anatoly Vasiliev (Russian: Анатолий Серге́евич Васильев), changing her last name to Vasilieva.
Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (consul 187 BC)
Marcus Aemilius Lepidus (c. 230 – 152 BC) was a Roman consul, Pontifex Maximus, Censor and Princeps Senatus. A scion of the ancient Patrician gens Aemilia, he was most likely the son of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus, with his brothers being Lucius and Quintus.

According to Polybius, Lepidus was "the handsomest man of his time," as well as, in the words of Diodorus, being "gifted with superior intelligence". Combining these qualities with an impeccable aristocratic birth, political skill and a reputation for bravery, Lepidus soon rose to become one of the leading Romans of his generation.

Lepidus was the great-grandfather of Marcus Aemilius Lepidus the Triumvir.

Gnaeus Manlius Vulso (consul 189 BC)
Gnaeus Manlius Vulso (fl. 189 BC) was a Roman consul for the year 189 BC, together with Marcus Fulvius Nobilior. He led a victorious campaign against the Galatian Gauls of Asia Minor in 189 BC during the Galatian War. He was awarded a triumph in 187 BC.

Vulso belonged to the patrician gens Manlia, but his connection with the better known Torquatus branch is unknown.  He may have been descended from Aulus (or Gaius) Manlius Cn.f. Vulso, consul in 474 BC; or from Lucius Manlius A.f. Vulso Longus, consul in 256 and 250 BC.

A. Manlius Cn.f. Vulso, consul eleven years later in 178 BC, may have been his younger brother.
Aveling and Porter
Aveling and Porter was a British agricultural engine and steamroller (road roller) manufacturer.  Thomas Aveling and Richard Thomas Porter entered into partnership in 1862, and developed a steam engine three years later in 1865.  By the early 1900s, the company had become the largest manufacturer of steamrollers (road rollers) in the world. The company used a rearing horse as its logo (based on the traditional white horse symbol of Kent), along with the motto Invicta (meaning "unconquered"; the traditional motto of Kent).

Clayton & Shuttleworth
Clayton & Shuttleworth was an engineering company located at Stamp End Works, Lincoln, Lincolnshire, England. The company was established in 1842 when Nathaniel Clayton (1811–1890) formed a partnership with his brother-in-law, Joseph Shuttleworth (1819–83).
Evelyn Straus
Evelyn Straus (June 22, 1916 – March 10, 1992) was an American photojournalist and the first woman employed as a photographer at the Daily News in New York City. She was one of the first women admitted to the National Press Photographers Association in 1945 and joined the Press Photographers Association of New York City in 1952 as soon as they allowed women as members. During her career, she was a finalist for the Pulitzer Prize for Photography and had work featured at the Museum of Modern Art.

New York Press Photographers Association
The New York Press Photographers Association is an association of photojournalists who
work for news organizations in the print and electronic media based within a seventy-five mile radius of Manhattan. The organization was founded in 1913 and has over 250 active members.

It sponsors an annual awards contest and publishes the New York Press Photographer, an annual electronic book displaying winning work from the contest. It publishes an electronic magazine N.Y. Photographers Today, a New York Press Photographer Publication displaying the images of the day in NYC https://magazine.nyppa.org/
Panasa
Panasa is a village in Jajpur Town of Jajpur district in the Indian state of Odisha. Panasa's nearby villages are Ankula, Balighai, Balipokhari, Beherapatana, Bindhan, Korkora, Kusi, Patapur, Kunjabiharipur and Raghunathpur.

Jajpur district
Jajpur district  (listenⓘ) is a district of Odisha state in eastern India. The Odisha Government carried out a re-organisation of districts of Odisha in 1993. The erstwhile Cuttack district was split into multiple districts with Jajpur being one of them. The district came into being on 1 April 1993.
The Mysterious Universe
The Mysterious Universe is a popular science book by the British astrophysicist Sir James Jeans, first published in 1930 by the Cambridge University Press. In the United States, it was published by Macmillan.

The book is an expanded version of the Rede Lecture delivered at the University of Cambridge in 1930. It begins with a full-page citation of the famous passage in Plato's Republic, Book VII, laying out the allegory of the cave. The book made frequent reference to the quantum theory of radiation, begun by Max Planck in 1900, to Albert Einstein's general relativity, and to the new theories of quantum mechanics of Heisenberg and Schrödinger, of whose philosophical perplexities the author seemed well aware.

A second edition appeared in 1931. The book was reprinted 15 times between 1930 and 1938 and in September 2007 (ISBN 978-0548451168).

Old quantum theory
The old quantum theory is a collection of results from the years 1900–1925, which predate modern quantum mechanics. The theory was never complete or self-consistent, but was instead a set of heuristic corrections to classical mechanics. The theory has come to be understood as the semi-classical approximation to modern quantum mechanics. The main and final accomplishments of the old quantum theory were the determination of the modern form of the periodic table by Edmund Stoner and the Pauli exclusion principle, both of which were premised on Arnold Sommerfeld's enhancements to the Bohr model of the atom.

The main tool of the old quantum theory was the Bohr–Sommerfeld quantization condition, a procedure for selection of certain allowed states of a classical system: the system can then only exist in one of the allowed states and not in any other state.