hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
PLUMED
PLUMED is an open-source library implementing enhanced-sampling algorithms, various free-energy methods, and analysis tools for molecular dynamics simulations. It is designed to be used together with ACEMD, AMBER, DL_POLY, GROMACS, LAMMPS, NAMD, OpenMM, ABIN, CP2K, i-PI, PINY-MD, and Quantum ESPRESSO, but it can also be used together with analysis and visualization tools VMD, HTMD, and OpenPathSampling.

In addition, PLUMED can be used as a standalone tool for analysis of molecular dynamics trajectories. A graphical user interface named METAGUI is available.

GROMACS
GROMACS is a molecular dynamics package mainly designed for simulations of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids. It was originally developed in the Biophysical Chemistry department of University of Groningen, and is now maintained by contributors in universities and research centers worldwide. GROMACS is one of the fastest and most popular software packages available, and can run on central processing units (CPUs) and graphics processing units (GPUs). It is free, open-source software released under the GNU Lesser General Public License (LGPL) (GPL prior to Version 4.6).
2 Samuel 12
2 Samuel 12 is the twelfth chapter of the Second Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the second part of Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE. This chapter contains the account of David's reign in Jerusalem. This is within a section comprising 2 Samuel 9–20 and continued to 1 Kings 1–2 which deal with the power struggles among David's sons to succeed David's throne until 'the kingdom was established in the hand of Solomon' (1 Kings 2:46).

2 Samuel 11
2 Samuel 11 is the eleventh chapter of the Second Book of Samuel in the Old Testament of the Christian Bible or the second part of Books of Samuel in the Hebrew Bible. According to Jewish tradition the book was attributed to the prophet Samuel, with additions by the prophets Gad and Nathan, but modern scholars view it as a composition of a number of independent texts of various ages from c. 630–540 BCE. This chapter contains the account of David's reign in Jerusalem. This is within a section comprising 2 Samuel 9–20 and continued to 1 Kings 1–2 which deal with the power struggles among David's sons to succeed David's throne until 'the kingdom was established in the hand of Solomon' (1 Kings 2:46).
Dreams and visions in Middle-earth
J. R. R. Tolkien repeatedly uses dreams and visions in his Middle-earth writings to create literary effects, allowing the narrative to transition between everyday reality and awareness of other kinds of existence. He follows the conventions of the dream vision in early medieval literature, and the tradition of English visionary writing of Edmund Spenser and John Milton.

A large number of dreams are described in The Lord of the Rings. Scholars have identified multiple functions for these, including hinting at panpsychism—with mind as a reality throughout the world and guidance by the godlike Valar, providing glimpses of paradise, and suggesting that evil characters can place false images in men's minds. A special case is the otherworldly Elvish land of Lothlórien, which resembles the dreamland of the medieval poem Pearl.

Panpsychism
In philosophy of mind, panpsychism (/pænˈsaɪkɪzəm/) is the view that the mind or consciousness is a fundamental and ubiquitous feature of reality. It is also described as a theory that "the mind is a fundamental feature of the world which exists throughout the universe". It is one of the oldest philosophical theories and has been ascribed, in some form, to philosophers including Thales, Plato, Spinoza, Leibniz, Schopenhauer, William James, Alfred North Whitehead, and Bertrand Russell. In the 19th century, panpsychism was the default philosophy of mind in Western thought, but it saw a decline in the mid-20th century with the rise of logical positivism. Recent interest in the hard problem of consciousness and developments in the fields of neuroscience, psychology, and quantum mechanics have revived interest in panpsychism in the 21st century, because it addresses the hard problem directly.
Gribthorpe
Gribthorpe is a hamlet in the civil parish of Foggathorpe, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. It is situated approximately 8 miles (13 km) north-east of Selby and 5 miles (8 km) north of Howden.

In 1823, Gribthorpe (also known as Gripthorpe), was in the civil parish of Bubwith and the Wapentake of Harthill. Population at the time, including the nearby hamlet of Willitoft, was 145, with occupations including four farmers. Gribthorpe was formerly a township in the parish of Bubwith, in 1866 Gribthorpe became a separate civil parish, on 1 April 1935 the parish was abolished and merged with Foggathorpe. In 1931 the parish had a population of 23.

The name Gribthorpe derives from the Old Norse Gripþorp meaning 'Grip's secondary settlement'.

Willitoft
Willitoft is a hamlet and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bubwith, in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England.  It is situated just south of the A163 road and west of the B1228 road. It is approximately 8 miles (13 km) east of Selby and 7 miles (11 km) north of Goole. In 1931 the parish had a population of 53.

The name Willitoft derives from the Old English wilig meaning 'willow', and the Old Norse topt meaning 'curtilage'.

Willitoft was the birthplace, in 1859, of Moses B. Cotsworth, inventor of the International Fixed Calendar and 13-month calendar reformer. He later emigrated to Vancouver where he acted as an advisor to the British Columbia provincial government, under Sir Richard McBride. Cotsworth died in Vancouver in 1943.
Sophie Scott
Sophie Kerttu Scott CBE FMedSci FBA (born 16 November 1966) is a British neuroscientist and Wellcome Trust Senior Fellow at University College London (UCL). Her research investigates the cognitive neuroscience of voices, speech and laughter particularly speech perception, speech production, vocal emotions and human communication. She also serves as director of UCL's Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience.

Wellcome Trust
The Wellcome Trust is a charitable foundation focused on health research based in London, United Kingdom. It was established in 1936 with legacies from the pharmaceutical magnate Henry Wellcome (founder of Burroughs Wellcome, one of the predecessors of GSK plc) to fund research to improve human and animal health. The aim of the Trust is to "support science to solve the urgent health challenges facing everyone." It had a financial endowment of £37.6 billion in 2025, making it the fourth wealthiest charitable foundation in the world. In 2012, the Wellcome Trust was described by the Financial Times as the United Kingdom's largest provider of non-governmental funding for scientific research, and one of the largest providers in the world. According to their annual report, the Wellcome Trust spent GBP £1.1 billion on charitable activities across their 2023/2024 financial year. According to the OECD, the Wellcome Trust's financing for 2019 development increased by 22% to US$327 million.
Sergey Treshchov
Sergey Yevgenyevich Treshchov (Russian: Сергей Евгеньевич Трещёв; born 18 August 1958) is a former cosmonaut of the RSC Energia. He spent 184 days in space as a flight engineer of the International Space Station long duration Expedition 5 crew. During the mission he also conducted a spacewalk.

Expedition 5
Expedition 5 was the fifth long-duration stay on the International Space Station (ISS). The crew, consisting of three people, remained in space for 184 days, 178 of which were spent aboard the ISS. Expedition 5 was a continuation of an uninterrupted human presence in space, as of November 2000, which was begun by Expedition 1 in 2000–2001.

The crew of Expedition 5 launched to space aboard the Space Shuttle Endeavour aboard the STS-111 mission on 5 June 2002. Their tenure aboard the station, however, did not begin until they docked with the ISS two days later on 7 June.
Kirmond le Mire
Kirmond le Mire is a small village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is situated on the B1203 road, 6 miles (10 km) east from Market Rasen and 11 miles (18 km) south-west from Grimsby. It is in the civil parish of Thoresway.

Kirmond le Mire Grade II listed Anglican church, built in 1847, is dedicated to St Martin.

The parish includes the lost Medieval settlement of Beckfield.

The village's name dates to at least 1086, soon after the Norman conquest of England. It is seen in the earliest historical documents as Chevremont-le-myrr, and in some later documents as Kevermond.

Thoresway
Thoresway is a village and civil parish in the West Lindsey district of Lincolnshire, England. It is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) west from the B1225 road, 4 miles (6.4 km) southeast from Caistor and 6 miles (10 km) north-east from Market Rasen. The population (including Kirmond le Mire and Stainton le Vale) was 198 at the 2011 census.

Thoresway is recorded in Domesday Book as "Toreswe", and listed as having 62 households and two mills.  In an 1187 Gilbertine charter it was listed as "Toresweie". The name may derive from:-

Old Norse Þórirs vegr = "way of a Viking called Thórir", or

Old Norse Þórs væ = "temple of the god Thor".

The parish church is a Grade II listed building dedicated to Saint Mary and dating from the 12th century, although it was largely rebuilt between 1879 and 1886 by James Fowler of Louth. It was built of ironstone and limestone and has a 12th-century font.

Also in the village is a Grade II listed watermill dating from 1816.
SS Ausonia (1909)
SS Ausonia was a British passenger ship that was torpedoed and sunk by the German submarine SM U-62 620 nautical miles (1,150 km; 710 mi) west south west of the Fastnet Rock in the Atlantic Ocean on 30 May 1918 with the loss of 44 lives, while she was travelling from Liverpool, United Kingdom to New York City, United States with general cargo.

Fastnet Lighthouse
Fastnet Lighthouse is a 54-metre-tall (177 ft) lighthouse situated on the remote Fastnet Rock in the Atlantic Ocean. It is the most southerly point of Ireland and lies 6.5 kilometres (4.0 mi) southwest of Cape Clear Island and 13 kilometres (8.1 mi) from County Cork on the Irish mainland. The current lighthouse is the second to be built on the rock and is the tallest in Ireland.
Copper-tailed hummingbird
The copper-tailed hummingbird (Saucerottia cupreicauda) is a species of hummingbird in the "emeralds", tribe Trochilini of subfamily Trochilinae. It is native to the tepuis of Venezuela and nearby areas of Brazil and Guyana; it is a vagrant in French Guiana.

Tepui
A tepui (/ˈtɛpwi/), or tepuy (Spanish: [teˈpuj]), is a member of a family of table-top mountains or mesas found in northern South America, especially in Venezuela, western Guyana, and northern Brazil. The word tepui means "house of the gods" in the native tongue of the Pemon, the indigenous people who inhabit the Gran Sabana.

Tepuis tend to be found as isolated entities rather than in connected ranges, which makes them the host of a unique array of endemic plant and animal species. Notable tepuis include Auyantepui, Autana, Neblina, and Mount Roraima. They are typically composed of sheer blocks of Precambrian quartz arenite sandstone that rise abruptly from the jungle. Auyantepui is the source of Angel Falls, the world's tallest waterfall.
Bariša Čolak
Bariša Čolak (born 1 January 1956) is a Bosnian Croat politician and lawyer who served as member of the national House of Peoples from 2015 to 2023. He previously served as Minister of Justice from 2007 to 2015.

Čolak was also Minister of Security from 2002 to 2007. He is a member and former president of the Croatian Democratic Union.

Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina
The Croatian Democratic Union of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Croatian: Hrvatska demokratska zajednica Bosne i Hercegovine, abbr. HDZ BiH) is a Christian democratic Croatian nationalist political party in Bosnia and Herzegovina, representing the Croats of Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is an associate member of the European People's Party. Its headquarters is in Mostar.
Sergei Belov
Sergei Alexandrovich Belov (Russian: Серге́й Алекса́ндрович Бело́в; 23 January 1944 – 3 October 2013) was a Russian professional basketball player, most noted for playing for CSKA Moscow and the senior Soviet Union national basketball team. He is considered to be one of the best European basketball players of all time, and was given the honour of lighting the Olympic Cauldron with the Olympic flame during the 1980 Summer Olympics opening ceremony, in Moscow.

In 1991, Belov was named by FIBA as the Best FIBA Player ever. He became the first international player to be inducted into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame on 11 May 1992. Belov was named to the FIBA All-Time EuroStars Team in 2007. He was also inducted into the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2007 and was named one of the 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors in 2008. In 2018, he was named one of the 101 Greats of European Basketball.

50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors (2008)
The 50 Greatest EuroLeague Contributors (2008) of FIBA European Champions Cup and EuroLeague history were awarded and chosen on February 3, 2008, in Madrid, Spain. The occasion was the fiftieth anniversary since the founding of the inaugural season of the FIBA European Champions Cup, which is officially recognized as the predecessor of today's modern EuroLeague competition, which is the premier level men's basketball league in Europe.

The list was made up of 35 players, 10 coaches, and 5 referees that were deemed to have contributed the most to the growth of the EuroLeague. It also included other nominees for each category. All together, 105 players, 20 coaches, and 12 referees in total were nominated.
Silvia Ruegger
Silvia Ruegger (February 23, 1961 – August 23, 2019) was a long-distance runner from Canada who represented her native country at the 1984 Summer Olympics in Los Angeles, California, where she finished eighth in the women's marathon. She came first in the 1985 Houston Marathon in 2:28:36. She was born in Oshawa, Ontario, and grew up just south of the village of Newtonville, Ontario. She died in August 2019, at the age of 58.

Houston Marathon
The Houston Marathon is an annual marathon usually held every January in Houston, Texas, United States, since 1972.  With thousands of runners and spectators, it is the largest single day sporting event in the city.  It is run concurrently with a half marathon and a 5 km race. The 2007 race included the first-ever satellite running of the event, run simultaneously in Fallujah, Iraq.

The races bring crowds of nearly one half million to view the runners.
PKP class EW58
Pafawag 3WE and 3WEa (car type 301B+401B+301B, series EW58) are standard gauge three-car high-platform electric multiple units produced by Pafawag in Wrocław between 1974 and 1980, with a total of 28 units built.

Initially, these vehicles were intended for the Gdańsk and Warsaw railway hubs, but they were ultimately only operated in the Tricity. In the 1990s, most of the units were involved in accidents and subsequently scrapped. In 2010, there were plans to modernize the remaining 7 units in operation, but two years later, this refurbishment was canceled, and their service was terminated. By the end of 2016, it was decided to scrap 6 units and preserve the seventh as an exhibit.

The experience gained from the production and operation of 3WE units was used to build two units of the 6WE series in 1990.

Tricity, Poland
Tricity (Polish: Trójmiasto; Kashubian: Trzëgard; German: Dreistadt) is an urban area in Pomeranian Voivodeship, in northern Poland, primary consisting of the cities of Gdańsk, Gdynia, and Sopot on the shore of Gdańsk Bay. Inhabited by 960,000 people within the boundaries of the three cities, and approximately 1.09 million people across the surrounding metropolitan area, it is one of the principal urban areas of Poland and is home to several governmental institutions.

The concept of a singular Tricity metropolitan area first emerged following World War II, and the term is today widely used in several official and unofficial contexts.
Charles Henry Nimitz
Charles Henry Nimitz (born Karl Heinrich Nimitz; (November 9, 1826 – April 28, 1911) was born in Bremen, Germany, the son of a merchant seaman. Like his father before him, he was already a veteran seaman before the Nimitz family immigrated to South Carolina in the early 1840s, and later became part of the Adelsverein colonization experiment in the newly annexed state of Texas. He was the grandfather of, and role model for, Fleet Admiral Chester Nimitz. In 1852, he built the Nimitz Hotel in Fredericksburg, Texas, in the United States. The hotel he built now houses the National Museum of the Pacific War. The Nimitz Hotel was designated a Recorded Texas Historic Landmark in 1989, Marker number 10089. Nimitz was elected to the Twenty-second Texas Legislature in 1890, representing Gillespie, Comal and Blanco counties, which constituted District 89.

Adelsverein
The Mainzer Adelsverein at Biebrich am Rhein (Verein zum Schutze Deutscher Einwanderer in Texas; "Society for the Protection of German Immigrants in Texas"), better known as the Mainzer Adelsverein (German pronunciation: [ˈmaɪntsɐ ˈʔaːdl̩sfɐˌʔaɪn]; "Nobility Society of Mainz"), organized on April 20, 1842, was a colonial attempt to establish a new German settlement within the borders of Texas.
Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Pino
The Basílica de Nuestra Señora del Pino is a Catholic church and parish in Teror, Gran Canaria, Canary Islands, Spain. The present building in neoclassical style was built from 1760 to 1767. It is dedicated to the Virgen del Pino.

Virgen del Pino
The Virgen del Pino (or "Virgin of the Pine") is a Marian dedication venerated in Teror, Spain. The virgin was declared patroness of the Gran Canaria.

The story of Nuestra Señora del Pino (Our Lady of the Pine) is as follows. At the site of the present-day Basilica, the image of the virgin herself is said to have appeared in a pine tree on 8 September 1492 to the first Bishop of Gran Canaria, Juan Frías. Said to possess healing qualities, Nuestra Señora del Pino has become the patron saint of the island. On the steps outside the Basilica it is possible to buy wax models of every part of the human body that can be offered for healing. The figure itself is extraordinary. It is said that one side of the face is smiling and the other side is sad. The figure is bedecked with jewels, although not as many as there were before the robbery in 1975.
Karin Stevens
Karin Christiaan Ida Catharina Stevens (born 11 June 1989) and known since 2015 as Stevie Malagrida, is a Dutch football striker, who plays for DVC Eva's Tienen in the women's Belgian First Division (second tier). She has also played for the Dutch national team.

Belgian Women's First National Division
The Belgian Women's First National Division, formerly Belgian Women's First Division is the second highest women's football league of Belgium.

The league was the top level league until 2011–12. It was first played in 1973–74. From 2012 to 2013 to 2014–16 Belgium's best teams play in the joint league with the best Dutch teams in the BeNe League. The champion of the league qualified for the UEFA Women's Champions League.

In 2015/16 the top level Super League was established above the First Division.
Transportation in Los Angeles
Los Angeles has a complex multimodal transportation infrastructure, which serves as a regional, national and international hub for passenger and freight traffic. The system includes the United States' largest port complex; an extensive freight and passenger rail infrastructure, including light rail lines and rapid transit lines; numerous airports and bus lines; vehicle for hire companies; and an extensive freeway and road system. People in Los Angeles rely on cars as the dominant mode of transportation, but since 1990, Los Angeles Metro has built over one hundred miles (160 km) of light and heavy rail serving more and more parts of Los Angeles and the greater area of Los Angeles County; Los Angeles was the last major city in the United States to get a permanent rail system installed.

Vehicle for hire
A vehicle for hire is a vehicle providing private transport or shared transport for a fee, in which passengers are generally free to choose their points or approximate points of origin and destination, unlike public transport, and which they do not drive themselves, as in car rental and carsharing. They may be offered via a ridesharing company.
Malpolon
Malpolon is a genus of snakes, containing the following species:

Malpolon insignitus (Geoffroy Saint-Hilaire, 1827) – eastern Montpellier snake

Malpolon moilensis (Reuss, 1834) – False cobra

Malpolon monspessulanus (Hermann, 1804) – Montpellier snake

False cobra
The false cobra (Malpolon moilensis), or hooded malpolon, is an opisthoglyphous snake found in parts of Africa and the Middle East. The name "false cobra" comes from the fact that while it is not a cobra, it imitates a cobra's stance by spreading its neck into a hood and hissing like the cobra. It can grow up to 1.5 metres in length and preys on rodents and lizards, while it itself falls prey to the Great grey shrike.
As-Sawahira ash-Sharqiya
as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya (Arabic: السواحرة الشرقية) or Al-Sawahreh al-Sharqiyeh is a Palestinian town in the Jerusalem Governorate, located 6 kilometers south-east of East Jerusalem in the West Bank. According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya had a population of 6,204 inhabitants in 2017. as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya shares the facilities, particularly schools and health amenities of the villages of Jabal Mukaber and ash-Sheikh Sa'd. The healthcare facilities for as-Sawahira ash Sharqiya are designated as Ministry of Health level 2.

Jabel Mukaber
Jabel Mukaber (Arabic: جبل مكبر, Hebrew: ג'בל מוכאבר) is a predominantly Palestinian neighborhood in southern East Jerusalem. It is bordered by East Talpiot to the west, Abu Tor and Silwan to the north and Sur Baher to the south. Jabel Mukaber has a population of approximately 30,000 (2017).
Architects Against Housing Alienation
Architects Against Housing Alienation (AAHA) is a Canadian collective that brings together architects, urban planners, activists, and advocates from across the country. The collective’s primary focus is to address housing injustice and challenge the systemic issues that underlie Canada’s housing crisis. Their mission is to confront the financialization of housing and advocate for transformative change, aiming to dismantle the profit-driven model that currently dominates the housing sector.

In 2023, the collective occupied the Canadian Pavilion at the Venice Biennale of Architecture with the campaign Not for Sale!, which called for an end to housing alienation in Canada. The project was commissioned by the Canada Council for the Arts.

Venice Biennale of Architecture
The Venice Biennale of Architecture (Italian: Mostra di Architettura di Venezia) is an international exhibition showcasing architectural works from around the world, held in Venice, Italy, every other year.

Originally held in even-numbered years until 2018, the event was postponed in 2020 due to the COVID-19 pandemic and rescheduled for 2021, shifting the calendar to odd-numbered years. It forms the architecture section of the broader Venice Biennale and was officially established in 1980, although architecture had been included in the Venice Art Biennale since 1968.

The Biennale is divided into two main sections: the permanent national pavilions located in the Giardini della Biennale, and the Arsenale, which hosts projects from numerous countries under one roof.