hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
Frank Bessac
Francis Bagnall Bessac (pronounced bih-ZAK; Mongolian name Mergen Sang; Chinese name 白智仁 Bái Zhìrén; January 13, 1922 – December 6, 2010) was an American anthropologist who spent much of his life teaching the subject at the University of Montana, where he was appointed to the faculty in 1965. During the years toward the end of and immediately following World War II, Bessac served with the Office of Strategic Services (O.S.S.) and the US State Department in Western China and Mongolia. During their escape from Communist Chinese forces to Tibet in 1950, Bessac was part of a group mistakenly attacked by Tibetan forces in which Central Intelligence Agency officer Douglas Mackiernan was killed, making Mackiernan the CIA's first agent killed in action.

University of Montana
The University of Montana (UM) is a public research university in Missoula, Montana, United States. UM is a flagship institution of the Montana University System and its second largest campus. Fall 2024 saw total enrollment hit 10,811, marking the highest total enrollment for UM since 2018.

It is classified among "R1: Doctoral Universities – Very high research activity" as of 2022.

Alumni include 11 Truman Scholars, 14 Goldwater Scholars, and 40 Udall Scholars. One alumnus, Harold Urey, has won the Nobel Prize.
Barnahal
Barnahal (Barnāhal) is a village and corresponding community development block in Karhal tehsil of Mainpuri district, Uttar Pradesh, India. Historically the seat of a pargana, Barnahal hosts a market twice per week. As of 2011, it had a population of 10,203, in 1,732 households.

Karhal
Karhal is a town and Nagar Panchayat in Mainpuri district in the Indian state of Uttar Pradesh. It is also a tehsil that is subdivided into two blocks, Karhal and Barnahal. It is one of the Vidhan Sabha constituency of Uttar Pradesh.

The nearest town to Karhal is Saifai. It is situated on the State Highway 83.
Toyohara Kunichika
Toyohara Kunichika (Japanese: 豊原 国周; 30 June 1835 – 1 July 1900) was a Japanese woodblock print artist. Talented as a child, at about thirteen he became a student of Tokyo's then-leading print maker, Utagawa Kunisada. His deep appreciation and knowledge of kabuki drama led to his production primarily of yakusha-e, which are woodblock prints of kabuki actors and scenes from popular plays of the time.

An alcoholic and womanizer, Kunichika also portrayed women deemed beautiful (bijinga), contemporary social life, and a few landscapes and historical scenes. He worked successfully in the Edo period, and carried those traditions into the Meiji period. To his contemporaries and now to some modern art historians, this has been seen as a significant achievement during a transitional period of great social and political change in Japan's history.

Toyohara Chikanobu
Toyohara Chikanobu (豊原周延; 1838–1912), better known to his contemporaries as Yōshū Chikanobu (楊洲周延), 
was a Japanese painter and printmaker who was widely regarded as a prolific woodblock artist during the Meiji epoch.
Operation Phiboonpol
Operation Phiboonpol (9–11 June 1971) was a "short but very intense engagement" of the Laotian Civil War. Five Royal Lao Government battalions went on the offensive in Military Region 4 of the Kingdom of Laos to try to regain the Boloven Plateau, which overlooked the vital Ho Chi Minh Trail lying to its east. Stopped in its tracks by the People's Army of Vietnam, with its first use of tanks in southern Laos, the Royalists held firm while close air support inflicted heavy casualties on North Vietnamese attackers. A Thai mercenary company sent as a Royalist relief force was ambushed and wiped out. For weeks after the battle, vultures feasted on unburied corpses.

Royal Lao Government
The Royal Lao Government was the ruling authority in the Kingdom of Laos from 1947 until the communist seizure of power in December 1975 and the proclamation of the Lao People's Democratic Republic. The Franco-Lao Treaty of 1953 gave Laos full independence but the following years were marked by a rivalry between the neutralists under Prince Souvanna Phouma, the right wing under Prince Boun Oum of Champassak, and the left-wing, Lao Patriotic Front under Prince Souphanouvong and future prime minister Kaysone Phomvihane. During this period, a number of unsuccessful attempts were made to establish coalition governments.
HH 212
HH 212 is a Herbig–Haro object (HH) located roughly 1,400 light years from Earth in the constellation of Orion, not far from the Horsehead nebula. The protostar, which is embedded deep into the center of HH 212 is very young, only being a few thousand years old (probably around ~7000 years old). It is emitting prominent jets which show remarkable symmetry. The high speeds of these jets also create bowshocks.

Bow shock
In astrophysics, bow shocks are shock waves in regions where the conditions of density and pressure change dramatically due to blowing stellar wind. Bow shock occurs when the magnetosphere of an astrophysical object interacts with the nearby flowing ambient plasma such as the solar wind. For Earth and other magnetized planets, it is the boundary at which the speed of the stellar wind abruptly drops as a result of its approach to the magnetopause. For stars, this boundary is typically the edge of the astrosphere, where the stellar wind meets the interstellar medium.
Richard Price
Richard Price FRS (23 February 1723 – 19 April 1791) was a Welsh moral philosopher, Nonconformist minister and mathematician. He was also a political reformer and pamphleteer, active in radical, republican, and liberal causes such as the French and American Revolutions. He was well-connected and fostered communication between many people, including Thomas Jefferson, John Adams, George Washington, Mirabeau and the Marquis de Condorcet. According to the historian John Davies, Price was "the greatest Welsh thinker of all time".

Born in Llangeinor, near Bridgend, Wales, Price spent most of his adult life as minister of Newington Green Unitarian Church, then on the outskirts of London. He edited, published and developed the Bayes–Price theorem and the field of actuarial science. He also wrote on issues of demography and finance, and was a Fellow of the Royal Society.

Marquis de Condorcet
Marie Jean Antoine Nicolas de Caritat, Marquis of Condorcet (/kɒndɔːrˈseɪ/; French: [maʁi ʒɑ̃ ɑ̃twan nikɔla də kaʁita maʁki də kɔ̃dɔʁsɛ]; 17 September 1743 – 29 March 1794), known as Nicolas de Condorcet, was a French philosopher, political economist, politician, and mathematician. His ideas, including support for free markets, public education, constitutional government, and equal rights for women and people of all races, and a welfare state have been said to embody the ideals of the Age of Enlightenment, of which he has been called the "last witness", and Enlightenment rationalism. A critic of the constitution proposed by Marie-Jean Hérault de Séchelles in 1793, the Convention Nationale – and the Jacobin faction in particular – voted to have Condorcet arrested. He died in prison after a period of hiding from the French Revolutionary authorities.
Ingebjørg Kasin Sandsdalen
Ingebjørg Kasin Sandsdalen (6 September 1915 – 4 September 2003) was a Norwegian poet and politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

She was born in Seljord, and in 1938 she married poet and farmer Halvor J. Sandsdalen (1911–1998). Her debut was Hjarta av jord in 1950, and her last work was Jord og tid in 2001. She wrote twenty poetry collections and eight books of poetic prose. In 1996 she was decorated with the King's Medal of Merit in gold.

For the 1965 Norwegian parliamentary election she was the fourth candidate on the ballot in Telemark, behind Johannes Østtveit, Olav Søyland and Morgan Kornmo. She was elected as a deputy representative for the term 1965–1969. She was later the ninth candidate at the 1973 election.

Olav Søyland
Olav Søyland (26 July 1921 – 9 April 2001) was a Norwegian politician for the Christian Democratic Party.

He served as a deputy representative to the Parliament of Norway from Telemark during the terms 1965–1969 and 1969–1973. In total he met during 73 days of parliamentary session. He hailed from Porsgrunn.
Awan Khalsa
Awan Khalsa is a village in the Nakodar tehsil, Jalandhar district, in the state of Punjab, India. According to the 2011 census, it has a population of 674, and a literacy rate of 80.3%.

There is primary and middle schooling in the village, but for secondary schooling its residents rely on a school in Baghela, which is less than 5 kilometres (3 mi) away.

Baghela
Baghela is a village in Nakodar in Jalandhar district of Punjab State, India. It is located 19 kilometres (12 mi) from sub district headquarter and 44 kilometres (27 mi) from district headquarter. The village is administrated by Sarpanch an elected representative of the village as per Panchayati raj (India).

It is located 8.4 km from postal head office Mehatpur (Jalandhar), 52 km from Kapurthala, 52.9 km from district headquarter Jalandhar and 141 km from state capital Chandigarh.
Jiří Zubrický
Jiří Zubrický (8 February 1964 – 31 December 2025) was a Czech weightlifter who competed for Czechoslovakia and participated at the Olympic Games in 1988 and 1992. He won bronze medal at the 1990 World Weightlifting Championships, behind the two Soviets Leonid Taranenko and Artur Akoyev.  He was the heaviest competitor at the 1988 Summer Olympics with 164.95 kg (363 lb).

Zubrický died on 31 December 2025, at the age of 61.

Leonid Taranenko
Leonid Arkadevich Taranenko (Russian: Леонид Аркадьевич Тараненко, born June 13, 1956) is a former Soviet/Belarusian weightlifter and coach. His 266 kg clean and jerk in 1988 was the heaviest lift in competition for 33 years, until Lasha Talakhadze exceeded it, lifting 267 at the 2021 World Weightlifting Championships.
Mathieu Flamini
Mathieu Pierre Flamini (born 7 March 1984) is a French entrepreneur and former professional footballer. A midfielder, he played for French side Marseille, English sides Arsenal and Crystal Palace, Italian side Milan and Spanish side Getafe. At international level, he was capped by the France national team on three occasions.

Flamini is a co-founder of GF Biochemicals, the first company in the world able to mass-produce levulinic acid.

Levulinic acid
Levulinic acid, or 4-oxopentanoic acid, is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)CH2CH2CO2H. It is classified as a keto acid. This white crystalline solid is soluble in water and polar organic solvents. It is derived from degradation of cellulose and is a potential precursor to biofuels, such as ethyl levulinate.
Nicky Kuiper
Nicky Kuiper (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈnɪki ˈkœypər]; born 7 June 1989) is a Dutch former professional footballer who last played as a left-back for SV TEC. He formerly played for Vitesse, FC Twente, Panathinaikos and Willem II.

FC Twente
Football Club Twente (Dutch pronunciation: [ɛfˈseː ˈtʋɛntə]), sometimes known internationally as FC Twente Enschede, or simply Twente, is a Dutch professional football club from Enschede. The club was formed in 1965 by the merger of Enschedese Boys with Sportclub Enschede, the 1926 Dutch champions. Twente have won the Eredivisie once, the KNVB Cup three times, and the Johan Cruyff Shield twice. They also finished runners-up in the Eredivisie twice, and reached the 1975 UEFA Cup final, which they lost against Borussia Mönchengladbach.

Twente's home ground since 1998 is De Grolsch Veste. Since 2019, the team have played in the Eredivisie, the top division of Dutch football. The club takes its name from the region of Twente, the eastern part of Overijssel.
Of Mist, and Grass, and Sand
"Of Mist, and Grass, and Sand" is a science fiction short story by American writer Vonda N. McIntyre. First published in Analog Science Fiction and Fact in October 1973, it was anthologized multiple times, and also formed the first chapter of McIntyre's 1978 novel Dreamsnake. Set after a nuclear holocaust, "Of Mist, and Grass, and Sand" tells of Snake, a healer who uses the venom of three genetically engineered snakes to heal, and follows her effort to heal a nomad boy of a tumor. The story won the Nebula Award for Best Novelette in 1974. It was also nominated for the Hugo Award in the same category, and for the Locus Award for Best Short Fiction. Scholar Anne Hudson Jones called it a powerful story, and stated that its themes were "mythic and universal".

Locus Award for Best Short Story
The Locus Award for Best Short Story is one of a series of Locus Awards given every year by Locus Magazine. Awards presented in a given year are for works published in the previous calendar year.

Originally known as the Locus Award for Best Short Fiction, the first award in this category was presented in 1971.
Yo-Hey
Yohei Fujita (藤田 洋平, Fujita Yōhei; born February 6, 1988), better known by his ring name Yo-Hey (stylised in all capital letters), is a Japanese professional wrestler signed to Pro Wrestling Noah (Noah), where he is the GHC Junior Heavyweight Champion in his first reign and a member of the Ratel's stable.

Fujita started his career in Dragon Gate (DG) under the ring name Ryoma (stylised in all capitals); his ring name being a tribute to former Japanese movement leader Sakamoto Ryōma. In 2009, Fujita left Dragon Gate due to an animal abuse scandal, and took an extended hiatus from professional wrestling until he returned in 2011 for Smash. He later wrestled for Wrestling New Classic (WNC) until 2013 when he left to become a freelancer, before signing with Noah in September 2017.

Wrestling New Classic
Wrestling New Classic (WNC) (レスリング・ニュー・クラシック, Resuringu Nyū Kurashikku) was a Japanese puroresu or professional wrestling promotion, founded in April 2012 by Yoshihiro Tajiri. WNC was the follow-up promotion to Smash, which folded in March 2012.
Shahril Alias
Muhammad Shahril bin Mohamad Alias (born 14 May 1984) is a professional football player who plays for the Woodlands Wellington in the S.League.

He is a natural centre-back, though he can also play as a defensive midfielder or a right back.

Woodlands Wellington FC
Woodlands Wellington Football Club was a professional football club based in Woodlands, Singapore which played in the S.League, the top division of football in Singapore. The club took part in S.League from 1996 to 2014. They are at the 4,300 seater Woodlands Stadium, where they have played since their establishment.

Woodlands Wellington's honours include winning the inaugural Singapore League Cup in 2007, defeating Sengkang Punggol 4–0 in the final. They also finished runners-up in the Singapore FA Cup in 1997, and also in the Singapore Cup in 2005 and 2008 and won the President's Centennial Cup in 1998, a cup competition organized by the Philippine Football Federation to celebrate the centennial of Philippine Independence by defeating Hong Kong Rangers 2–1 in the final in Bacolod.

Their best finish in the S-League came in the 1996 Tiger Beer Series where they were runners-up. They have also achieved 3rd place in 1997 and 2005.
Torrington Tornadoes
The Torrington Tornadoes were a minor league baseball team based in Torrington, Connecticut. Torrington played the 1896 season as members of the Independent level Naugatuck Valley League, followed the next season by the 1897 Torrington Demons, playing in the Class F level Connecticut League.

Baseball Hall of Fame member Candy Cummings was manager of the 1896 Torrington Tornadoes.

Candy Cummings
William Arthur "Candy" Cummings (October 18, 1848 – May 17, 1924) was an American professional baseball player. He played as a pitcher in the National Association of Professional Base Ball Players, and National League. Cummings is widely credited with inventing the curveball. He was elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame in 1939.
Taxandria marginata
Taxandria marginata is a species of shrub that grows in the south west corner of Western Australia. This plant was previously classified as Agonis marginata but was reclassified by Wheeler and Marchant into the new genus  Taxandria in a 2007 revision.

The shrub typically grows to a height of 2 to 3 metres (7 to 10 ft). It produces white flowers between February and August.

It grows around granite boulders and among rocky outcrops in coastal areas in skeletal sandy, loamy or clay soils. The species is found along the south coast of Western Australia in the Great Southern and Goldfields-Esperance regions.

Taxandria (plant)
Taxandria is a group of plants in the family Myrtaceae described as a genus in 2007. The entire genus is endemic to Western Australia, growing near the coast in the South West corner of the State.

Most species of Taxandria generally growing as tall shrubs, but Taxandria juniperina grows to tree size (up to 27m) and Taxandria linearifolia can grow as a small tree (up to 5m in height).

species
Lebo Mothiba
Lebogang Mothiba (born 28 January 1996) is a South African professional soccer player who plays as a striker for South African Premiership club Mamelodi Sundowns.

He made his professional debut in 2017 for Ligue 2 side Valenciennes, whilst on loan from Lille, before returning to his parent club the following year. There, he scored six goals in 17 appearances before transferring to fellow Ligue 1 side Strasbourg in August 2018 with whom he won the Coupe de la Ligue in his debut season.

Having previously represented South Africa at the 2016 Summer Olympics, Mothiba broke into the senior side in 2018 after which he became the first player to score in three consecutive matches for the nation from debut.

South African Premiership
The South African Premiership, also known as the Betway Premiership for sponsorship reasons, and commonly referred to as the PSL after its governing body, is a professional soccer league in South Africa and the highest level of the South African soccer league system. It has been organised since 1996.

The 2024–25 season started on 14 September 2024, Mamelodi Sundowns successfully defended the title in 2025 which they've held continuously since the 2017–18 season.
Cheng Siu Chung
Cheng Siu Chung (Chinese: 鄭兆聰; Cantonese Yale: Jehng Siuhchūng; born 29 September 1972) is a Hong Kong football manager and former professional footballer. He is currently the technical director of Hong Kong Premier League club Southern.

He served as a commentator for the 2010 FIFA World Cup for the Cantonese subscription television network, Astro Wah Lai Toi.

Hong Kong Premier League
The Hong Kong Premier League (Chinese: 香港超級聯賽) is a Hong Kong professional football league organised by the Football Association of Hong Kong. It is currently sponsored by the BOC Life and officially known as the BOC Life Hong Kong Premier League (Chinese: 中銀人壽香港超級聯賽). The inaugural season began in September 2014. It is the top-division football league in Hong Kong.
I'm Tryin'
"I'm Tryin'" is a song written by Jeffrey Steele, Chris Wallin, and Anthony Smith and recorded by American country music artist Trace Adkins.  It released in July 2001 as the lead-off single from his album Chrome.  It peaked at number 6 on the Billboard Hot Country Songs charts.

Jeffrey Steele
Jeffrey LeVasseur (born August 27, 1961), known as Jeffrey Steele, is an American country music singer and songwriter. Along with recording his own material, Steele has become a prolific Nashville songwriter, having co-written more than 60 hit songs for such artists as Montgomery Gentry, Tim McGraw, Faith Hill, LeAnn Rimes, Rascal Flatts, Billy Ray Cyrus, and others.

Between 1990 and 1996, Steele was the lead singer and bass guitarist in the country music band Boy Howdy, which recorded two albums and an EP on Curb Records, in addition to charting seven singles on the Billboard country music charts. After Boy Howdy disbanded, Steele embarked on a solo career, recording seven studio albums (one of which was not released). He also charted four singles as a solo artist, with the highest-peaking ("Somethin' in the Water") reaching No. 33 on the country charts in 2001.
The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok
The Adventures of Wild Bill Hickok is an American Western television series that ran for eight seasons from April 15, 1951, through September 24, 1958. The Screen Gems series began in syndication, but ran on CBS from June 5, 1955, through 1958, and, at the same time, on ABC from 1957 through 1958. The Kellogg's cereal company was the show's national sponsor. The series was also exported to Australia during the late 1950s.

Screen Gems
Screen Gems is an American film production label of Sony Pictures Entertainment, a subsidiary of the Japanese conglomerate, Sony Group Corporation. Screen Gems has served several different purposes for its parent companies over the decades since its incorporation, initially as a cartoon studio that was active from 1921 to 1946, then a television studio that was active from November 1948 to May 6, 1974, and later on as a film studio that was founded on December 8, 1998. Screen Gems currently serves as a film production division of Sony that specializes in genre films, mainly horror.

Screen Gems is currently one of the five live-action labels of the Sony Pictures Motion Picture Group, alongside Columbia Pictures, TriStar Pictures, Sony Pictures Classics, and 3000 Pictures.
Red and White Plum Blossoms
Red and White Plum Blossoms (紙本金地著色紅白梅図 shihonkinjichakushoku kōhakubaizu) is an early 18th-century painting on a pair of two-panel byōbu folding screens by Japanese artist Ogata Kōrin (1658–1716).  The simple, stylized composition depicts a patterned flowing river with a white plum tree on the left and a red one on the right. The plum blossoms indicate the scene occurs in spring.

The work is one of the best-known paintings in Japan, where it is a registered National Treasure.  It resides in the MOA Museum of Art in the city of Atami in Shizuoka Prefecture.

Atami
Atami (熱海市, Atami-shi) is a city located in Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan. As of 1 May 2019, the city had an estimated population of 36,865 in 21,593 households and a population density of 600 persons per km2. The total area of the city is 61.78 square kilometres (23.85 sq mi).
Francis Kurkdjian
Francis Kurkdjian (born 14 May 1969) is a French perfumer and businessman of Armenian descent. He is best known for creating the men's fragrance Le Male for Jean Paul Gaultier in 1995, which has become one of the world's best-selling men’s fragrance. He also released Baccarat Rouge 540 in 2015 under his own house, Maison Francis Kurkdjian.

Kurkdjian co-founded the fragrance house Maison Francis Kurkdjian with Lebanese-French businessman and former Ernst & Young partner Marc Chaya, which has become a niche brand in the fragrance industry. The brand was purchased by LVMH in 2017 for an undisclosed sum. He was the winner of the Prix François Coty in 2001 for his lifetime achievement.

Jean Paul Gaultier
Jean Paul Gaultier (French: [ʒɑ̃ pɔl ɡotje]; born 24 June 1952) is a French haute couture and prêt-à-porter fashion designer.

He is described as an "enfant terrible" of the fashion industry and is known for his unconventional designs with motifs including corsets, marinières, and tin cans. Gaultier founded his eponymous fashion label in 1982, and expanded with a line of fragrances in 1993. He was the creative director for French luxury house Hermès from 2003 to 2010, and retired following his 50th-anniversary haute couture show during Paris Fashion Week in January 2020.

As a costume designer, Gaultier created Madonna's cone bra for the 1990 Blond Ambition World Tour, and the costumes for the movies The City of Lost Children (1995), The Fifth Element (1997), Bad Education (2004) and The Skin I Live In (2011).