hotchpotch/wikipedia-multilingual-ir-related-lead-pairs huggingface dataset:
FEMS Microbiology Letters
FEMS Microbiology Letters is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering all aspects of microbiology, including virology. The journal was established in 1977 and is published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Federation of European Microbiological Societies. The Editor-in-Chief was Dr Rich Boden of the University of Plymouth 2014-2024 and the current Editor-in-Chief is Dr Clare Taylor of Edinburgh Napier University the end of 2024.

The journal gave rise to separate titles over the years but retained the subject areas of ecology and medical microbiology and indeed review articles as part of its scope nonetheless:

FEMS Microbiology Immunology (1988), which was retitled FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology (1993) and is now Pathogens and Disease (2013).

FEMS Microbiology Reviews (1985)

FEMS Microbiology Ecology (1985)

Edinburgh Napier University
Edinburgh Napier University (Scottish Gaelic: Oilthigh Napier Dhùn Èideann) is a public university in Edinburgh, Scotland. Napier Technical College, the predecessor of the university, was founded in 1964, taking its name from 16th-century Scottish mathematician and philosopher John Napier. The technical college was inaugurated as a university in 1992 by Lord Douglas-Hamilton, becoming Napier University. In 2009, the university was renamed Edinburgh Napier University.

The university is based around its three main Edinburgh campuses: Merchiston, Craiglockhart, and Sighthill. It has over 21,000 students, including those on-campus in Scotland and others studying transnational programmes abroad and online. In 2018 this included nearly 9,500 international and EU students, from more than 140 nations worldwide.

Sue Rigby replaced Andrea Nolan as Principal and Vice Chancellor in January 2025.
Malmquist's theorem
In mathematics, Malmquist's theorem, is the name of any of the three theorems proved by Axel Johannes Malmquist (1913, 1920, 1941). These theorems restrict the forms of first order algebraic differential equations which have transcendental meromorphic or algebroid solutions.

Meromorphic function
In the mathematical field of complex analysis, a meromorphic function on an open subset  of the complex plane is a function that is holomorphic on all of  except  for a set of isolated points, which are poles of the function. The term comes from the Greek meros (μέρος), meaning 'part'.

Every meromorphic function on  can be expressed as the ratio between two holomorphic functions (with the denominator not constant 0) defined on : any pole must coincide with a zero of the denominator.
Stormy (song)
"Stormy" is a hit song by the Classics IV released on their LP Mamas and Papas/Soul Train in 1968. It entered Billboard Magazine October 26, 1968, peaking at #5 on the Billboard Hot 100 and #26 Easy Listening.  The single, along with the prior release of "Spooky" and, soon after, the release of "Traces", formed a trio of solid hits for the band.

Spooky (Classics IV song)
"Spooky" is originally an instrumental song performed by saxophonist Mike Sharpe (Shapiro), written by Shapiro and Harry Middlebrooks Jr, which first charted in 1967 hitting No. 57 on the US pop charts and No. 55 on the Canadian charts. Its best-known version was created by James Cobb and producer Buddy Buie for the group Classics IV when they added lyrics about a "spooky little girl". The vocalist was Dennis Yost. The song is noted for its eerie whistling sound effect depicting the spooky woman. It has become a Halloween favorite. In 1968, the vocal version reached No. 3 on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, No. 1 in Canada, and No. 46 in the UK.
United States v. Regenerative Sciences, LLC
United States of America v. Regenerative Sciences, LLC, 741 F.3d 1314 (D.C. Cir. 2014), was a decision in the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit filed on February 4, 2014 concerning more than minimally manipulated cell therapies and whether they are considered part of medical practice or a drug, the latter subjecting it to regulation under the Food and Drug Administration (FDA). Regenerative Sciences LLC marketed a therapy procedure called Regenexx-C for the treatment of arthritis and orthopedic injury that involved extraction and culture of mesenchymal stem cells from the same patient which were later reinjected. In 2008, The FDA notified Regenerative Sciences LLC that the procedure may not be in compliance with their regulation using an Untitled Letter, which began a series of suits and counter suits, leading to the 2014 decision upholding the FDA’s regulation of more than minimally manipulated stem cell therapies.

Mesenchymal stem cell
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), also known as mesenchymal stromal cells or medicinal signaling cells, are multipotent stromal cells that can differentiate into a variety of cell types, including osteoblasts (bone cells), chondrocytes (cartilage cells), myocytes (muscle cells) and adipocytes (fat cells which give rise to marrow adipose tissue).

The primary function of MSCs is to respond to injury and infection by secreting and recruiting a range of biological factors, as well as modulating inflammatory processes to facilitate tissue repair and regeneration. Extensive research interest has led to more than 80,000 peer-reviewed papers on MSCs.
Wolverton Works canal bridge
The Wolverton Works canal bridge, or Bridge no. 171C, is a bridge over the Grand Union Canal in Wolverton, Milton Keynes in south-eastern England. It carries a spur from the West Coast Main Line into Wolverton Works. It was built in 1834–1835 for the London and Birmingham Railway under the supervision of Robert Stephenson and has been little modified since. It is a grade II* listed building.

London and Birmingham Railway
The London and Birmingham Railway (L&BR) was a railway company in the United Kingdom, in operation from 1833 to 1846, when it became part of the London and North Western Railway (L&NWR).

The 112-mile (180 km) railway line which the company opened in 1838, between London and Birmingham, was the first intercity line to be built into London. It is now the southern section of the West Coast Main Line.

The line was engineered by Robert Stephenson. It started at Euston Station in London, went north-west to Rugby, where it turned west to Coventry and on to Birmingham. It terminated at Curzon Street Station, which it shared with the Grand Junction Railway (GJR), whose adjacent platforms gave an interchange with full connectivity (with through carriages) between Liverpool, Manchester and London.
Balally
Balally (Irish: Baile Amhlaoibh, meaning 'Olafs' Town'), County Dublin, Ireland, is a townland and residential area between Dundrum village and the Sandyford Industrial Estate in Sandyford.

Balally Parish itself reaches from Ardglas to the M50 motorway. The area is served by two primary schools (St. Olaf's National School and Queen of Angels) and two secondary schools (St. Tiernan's and Wesley College). Balally is part of the conurbation of Greater Dublin, in the council area of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown. The area contains a Luas tram station, located near the southern entrance to the new Dundrum Town Centre.

Dundrum, Dublin
Dundrum (Irish: Dún Droma, meaning 'the ridge fort'), originally a village in its own right, is an outer suburb of Dublin, Ireland. Dundrum is located in the local authority area of Dún Laoghaire–Rathdown County Council and the postal districts of Dublin 14 and Dublin 16. The area is home to the Dundrum Town Centre, the largest shopping centre in Ireland.
Busters verden
Busters verden (Buster's World) is a Danish children's television series and movie from 1984. Based on a play by Bjarne Reuter, Buster's verden deals with the experiences of young Buster Oregon Mortensen. The television series was a break-through for director Bille August, and the soundtrack also provided a hit for the young singer Nanna Lüders Jensen.

Bille August
Bille August R. (Danish: [ˈpilə ˈɑwkɔst]; born 9 November 1948) is a Danish director, screenwriter, and cinematographer of film and television.

August's 1987 film Pelle the Conqueror won the Palme d'Or, Academy Award and Golden Globe Award. He is one of only ten directors to win the Palme d'Or twice, winning the award again in 1992 for The Best Intentions, based on the autobiographical script by Ingmar Bergman.

His filmography includes The House of the Spirits, based on the novel by Isabel Allende; Smilla's Sense of Snow; Les Misérables; Night Train to Lisbon, Silent Heart, The Chinese Widow and A Fortunate Man. He has received five Robert Awards (including Best Film and Best Director) and three Bodil Awards for Best Danish Film. He is also a Knight of the Order of the Dannebrog.
Anette Sanford
Anette Thomas-Sanford (born April 1983) is a Dominican nurse and politician, and in 2024 became the first woman to serve as Chief of the Kalinago Territory in 400 years. She served as a Senator in the House of Assembly from 10 February 2020 to 6 December 2022 for the opposition United Workers' Party.

United Workers' Party (Dominica)
The United Workers' Party (UWP) is a centrist political party in Dominica.  As of the 2022 general election, the party is not represented in the House of Assembly of Dominica, after boycotting the general election. The past Leader of the Opposition in the Assembly is Lennox Linton.

The United Workers' Party with less than 34% of the votes was the majority party in Dominica's parliament from 1995 until 2000, led by party co-founder Edison James as Prime Minister of Dominica.

The party now has a new leader, Thomson Fontaine who is the current Leader of the Opposition. In the 2014 general elections, the party won 6 seats out of the 21. This was reduced to 3 in 2019, and 0 in 2022 following a boycott of the 2022 general elections.
Conkeror
Conkeror is a Mozilla-based web browser designed to be navigated primarily by a computer keyboard. Its design is mainly patterned after the text editor GNU Emacs, with some influence from other programs, including vi.

It was originally written by Shawn Betts, the primary author of keyboard-driven ratpoison and Stumpwm tiling window managers. Formerly an extension for the Mozilla Firefox browser, it is now developed for XULRunner as a stand-alone application. Since Firefox 52 ESR (September 2018), when the last official Mozilla browser that supported XULRunner reached end-of-life, there is no officially-supported browser from Mozilla for Conkeror to be based on. Firefox forks like Pale Moon and Waterfox continue to bundle XULRunner and can be used to run Conkeror.

Conkeror is released under the same set of free software licenses as Mozilla: the GNU General Public License, the GNU Lesser General Public License, and the Mozilla Public License.

Pale Moon
Pale Moon is a free and open-source web browser licensed under the MPL-2.0 with an emphasis on customization. There are official releases for Microsoft Windows, FreeBSD, macOS, and Linux.

Pale Moon originated as a fork of Firefox, but has subsequently diverged. The main differences are the user interface, add-on support, and running in single-process mode. Pale Moon retains the user interface of Firefox from versions 4 to 28 and supports legacy Firefox add-ons.

Its motto is "Your browser, Your way."
Peltarion Synapse
Synapse is a component-based development environment for neural networks and adaptive systems. Created by Peltarion, Synapse allows data mining, statistical analysis, visualization, preprocessing, design and training of neural networks and adaptive systems and the deployment of them. It utilizes a plug-in based architecture making it a general platform for signal processing. The first version of the product was released in May 2006.

Peltarion
Peltarion is an AI software company with offices in Stockholm and London. In June 2022, the company was acquired by the video game developer King, which is owned by Activision Blizzard. On September 30, 2022, Peltarion was shut down as part of its integration into its new parent company. Both of the founders became Vice Presidents and Heads of AI/ML at King.
Epichloë scottii
Epichloë scottii is a haploid sexual species in the fungal genus Epichloë.  A systemic and seed-transmissible grass symbiont first described in 2022, Epichloë scottii is a basal lineage branching prior to Epichloë glyceriae, and is the previously unidentified ancestor of the hybrid Epichloë species, Epichloë disjuncta.

Epichloë scottii was named in honor of Professor Barry Scott, Fellow of the Royal Society of New Zealand Te Apārangi, recognizing his long career researching the genus Epichloë.

Epichloë scottii is found in Europe, where it has been identified in the grass species Melica uniflora.

Epichloë glyceriae
Epichloë glyceriae is a haploid sexual species in the fungal genus Epichloë.

A systemic and seed-transmissible grass symbiont first described in 1999, Epichloë glyceriae is an early branching lineage on the Epichloë tree.

Epichloë glyceriae is found in North America, where it has been identified in grass species of the genus Glyceria.  Epichloë glyceriae is not thought to be seed transmitted.
John Wallace (basketball)
John Gilbert Wallace (born February 9, 1974) is an American former professional basketball player and current broadcaster on MSG Network. He also hosts a live stream and podcast called "Power Forward w/ John Wallace" on SportsCastr. A 6' 8" forward, Wallace played seven seasons in the National Basketball Association (NBA), in addition to stints in Greece and Italy.

A 1992 graduate of Greece Athena High School in Rochester, New York, Wallace led Syracuse University to the NCAA championship game against the Kentucky Wildcats during his senior season in 1996. After his college graduation, Wallace was selected with the 18th pick in the 1996 NBA draft by the New York Knicks. He played seven seasons in the NBA with the Knicks, Toronto Raptors, Detroit Pistons, Phoenix Suns, and the Miami Heat.

Wallace is an executive board member of the Heavenly Productions Foundation, a 501c-3 charity based in Armonk, New York whose mission is to help children in need and in distress.

Corliss Williamson
Corliss Mondari Williamson (born December 4, 1973) is an American basketball coach who serves as an assistant coach for the San Antonio Spurs of the National Basketball Association (NBA). He is also a former player who played for four teams during his 12-year career. He previously served as an assistant coach for the Phoenix Suns. His nickname is "Big Nasty", a moniker he received from his AAU coach when he was 13. Williamson was a dominating power forward in college at Arkansas, but an undersized power forward in the NBA and mostly played at the small forward position.
Bound Brook, New Jersey
Bound Brook is a borough in Somerset County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey, located along the Raritan River. As of the 2020 United States census, the borough's population was 11,988, an increase of 1,586 (+15.2%) from the 2010 census count of 10,402, which in turn reflected an increase of 247 (+2.4%) from the 10,155 counted in the 2000 census.

Bound Brook was originally incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on March 24, 1869, within portions of Bridgewater Township. On February 11, 1891, it was reincorporated as a borough, based on the results of a referendum held on the previous day.

New Jersey Legislature
The New Jersey Legislature is the legislative branch of the government of the U.S. state of New Jersey. In its current form, as defined by the New Jersey Constitution of 1947, the Legislature consists of two houses: the General Assembly and the Senate. The Legislature meets in the New Jersey State House, in the state capital of Trenton.
Montana Highway 28
Montana Highway 28 (MT 28) is an approximately 46.7-mile-long (75.2 km) state highway in the west of the US state of Montana. It begins at MT 200 in Plains and ends at U.S. Highway 93 (US 93) in Elmo; all but the first 7.5 miles (12.1 km) are within the Flathead Indian Reservation. It serves as a key link in two alternate routes between Spokane, Washington, and Kalispell.

Plains, Montana
Plains (Salish: ncc̓kʷi) is a town in Sanders County, Montana, United States. The population was 1,106 at the 2020 census.  It was founded as Horse Plains and sometimes called Wild Horse Plains, as the local Native Americans would winter their horses here to feed on the grasses in the valley. The name was later shortened to Plains when the US Postal Service established a presence in 1905.

The town was established in 1883 as a Northern Pacific Railroad station.
Juliana Berners
Juliana Berners, O.S.B., (or Barnes or Bernes) (born 1388), was an English writer on heraldry, hawking and hunting, and is said to have been prioress of the St Mary of Sopwell, near St Albans in Hertfordshire.

Prior (ecclesiastical)
Prior (or  prioress) is an ecclesiastical title for a  superior in some religious orders. The word is derived from the Latin for "earlier" or "first". The office may head a local house, a region of houses (prior provincial), or the entire order (prior general). Its earlier generic usage referred to any monastic superior. In abbeys, a prior would be lower in rank than the abbey's abbot or abbess.
Kfar Pines
Kfar Pines (Hebrew: כְּפַר פִּינֶס, lit. 'Pines Village') is a religious moshav in northern Israel. Located to the north-east of Hadera, adjacent to Pardes Hanna-Karkur and Ein Iron, it falls under the jurisdiction of Menashe Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 1,102.

Ein Iron
Ein Iron (Hebrew: עֵין עִירוֹן, lit. 'Spring of Iron') is a moshav in northern Israel. Located in the eastern Sharon plain to the north-east of Hadera, it falls under the jurisdiction of Menashe Regional Council. In 2022 it had a population of 571.
Uberleben
Uberleben, (Japanese: ユーバーレーベン, foaled 27 January 2018) is a Japanese Thoroughbred racehorse. She showed promise as a juvenile in 2020 when she won on her racecourse debut and went on to finish second in the Sapporo Nisai Stakes and third in the Hanshin Juvenile Fillies. In the following year she ran third in both the Flower Cup and the Flora Stakes before taking the Yushun Himba.

Flower Cup
The Flower Cup (Japanese フラワーカップ) is a Grade 3 horse race for three-year-old Thoroughbred fillies organized by Japan Racing Association  (JRA). It is run in March over a distance of 1800 metres at Nakayama Racecourse.

The race was first run in 1987 and has been run at Grade 3 level ever since.
Joys of Life
Joys of Life (Chinese: 花样人间; pinyin: Huāyàng Rénjiān) is a Singaporean Chinese drama which was telecasted on Singapore's free-to-air channel, MediaCorp Channel 8. It stars Chew Chor Meng, Alien Huang, Rui En, Chen Liping, Zheng Geping, Chloe Wang, Kate Pang, Andie Chen, Huang Wenyong, Lin Meijiao and Zhang Yao Dong as the cast of the series.

The series was produced to celebrate 30 years of Chinese language drama being broadcast in Singapore. Set in post-World War II Singapore, the story line spans the decade between the end of the Japanese occupation and the HDB's clearing of squatters during the late 1950s to early 1960s. It is the first on-screen pairing of Rui En and Alien Huang, and Huang's first Singaporean drama.

Huang Wenyong
Huang Wenyong (25 July 1952 – 20 April 2013) was a Malaysia-born Singaporean actor, host and teacher.

Huang died at the Singapore General Hospital at around 5 pm (GMT+8) on 20 April 2013, at the age of 60 due to lymphoma.
Alma López
Alma López (born 1966) is a Mexican-born Queer Chicana artist. Her art often portrays historical and cultural Mexican figures, such as the Virgin of Guadalupe and La Llorona, filtered through a radical Chicana feminist lesbian lens. Her art work is meant to empower women and indigenous Mexicans by the reappropriation of symbols of Mexica history when women played a more prominent role. The medium of digital art allows her to mix different elements from Catholicism  and juxtapose it to indigenous art, women, and issues such as rape, gender violence, sexual marginalization and racism. This juxtaposition allows her to explore the representation of women and indigenous Mexicans and their histories that have been lost or fragmented since colonization. Her work is often seen as controversial. Currently, she is a lecturer at the University of California Los Angeles in the Department of Chicana/o Studies.

La Llorona
La Llorona (Latin American Spanish: [la ʝoˈɾona]; 'the Crying Woman, the Weeping Woman, the Wailer') is a vengeful ghost in Hispanic American folklore who is said to roam near bodies of water mourning her children whom she drowned in a jealous rage after discovering her husband was unfaithful to her. Whoever hears her crying either suffers misfortune, death or their life becomes unsuccessful in every field.
Kazakhstan in the Junior Eurovision Song Contest 2019
Kazakhstan announced on 18 July 2019 that they would participate at the seventeenth Junior Eurovision Song Contest to be held in Gliwice, Poland. The Kazakh broadcaster, Khabar Agency (KA), was responsible for the country's participation in the contest.

Khabar Agency
The Khabar Agency (KA) (Kazakh: "Хабар" Агенттігі, romanized: "Habar" Agenttıgı, [χɑbɑr]; Russian: Агентство «Хабар», romanized: Agentstvo Khabar) is a major media outlet in Kazakhstan. It was established in 1995, known originally as the National Television News Agency (Khabar is News in Kazakh). It is currently one of the largest networks in the country, and broadcasts daily in English and Kazakh and Russian. Additionally, Khabar runs the satellite channel Jibek Joly TV, which is potentially available across Europe and Asia. It features programming in English, Kazakh and Russian.
Kevin Stitt
John Kevin Stitt (born December 28, 1972) is an American businessman and politician serving as the 28th governor of Oklahoma since 2019. A member of the Republican Party, he was elected in 2018, defeating Democrat and former state Attorney General Drew Edmondson with 54.3% of the vote. Stitt was reelected to a second term in 2022, defeating Superintendent of Public Instruction Joy Hofmeister, a Republican turned Democrat, with 55.4% of the vote.

Stitt grew up in Norman, Oklahoma, and graduated with a degree in accounting from Oklahoma State University, where he was a member of the Beta Theta Pi fraternity. He is the founder and former chairman and CEO of Gateway Mortgage Group.

Beta Theta Pi
Beta Theta Pi (ΒΘΠ), commonly known as Beta, is a North American social fraternity that was founded in 1839 at Miami University in Oxford, Ohio. One of North America's oldest fraternities, as of August 2023, it consists of 150 active chapters and colonies in the United States and Canada. More than 223,000 members have been initiated worldwide and there are currently around 10,000 undergraduate members. Beta Theta Pi is the oldest of the three fraternities that formed the Miami Triad, along with Phi Delta Theta and Sigma Chi.
Edelbach (Kahl)
The Edelbach is a small river of the district Aschaffenburg in the Bavarian part of the Spessart, Germany.

It is a left tributary of the Kahl. The Edelbach gave its name to the village of Edelbach in Kleinkahl. Up to the 20th century, both the river and the village bore the name Ölbach.

Kleinkahl
Kleinkahl is a municipality in the Aschaffenburg district in the Regierungsbezirk of Lower Franconia (Unterfranken) in Bavaria, Germany, and a member of the Verwaltungsgemeinschaft (municipal association) of Schöllkrippen. Kleinkahl has around 1,800 inhabitants.